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data/00/97/41/009741B94587570696810B30F862EFD8.xml
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1042ebd4-abca-4d3c-bf36-47b0438c4da1" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412942" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2682-955X-32-177" ID-Pensoft-UUID="A38192A7447F50479854563CC9F83BA7" ID-ZooBank="54B962BCDDA544CB84C33A7B6A8AB0D0" ModsDocID="2682-955X-32-177" checkinTime="1568198792308" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Jablonski, Daniel, Regan, John M., Holzheuser, Chace, Farooqi, Javeed, Basit, Abdul &amp; Masroor, Rafaqat" docDate="2019" docId="009741B94587570696810B30F862EFD8" docLanguage="en" docName="Herpetozoa 32: 177-193" docOrigin="Herpetozoa 32" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171" docTitle="Cyrtopodion watsoni Murray 1892" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="A38192A7447F50479854563CC9F83BA7" lastPageNumber="177" masterDocId="A38192A7447F50479854563CC9F83BA7" masterDocTitle="Additional data to the herpetofauna of Afghanistan" masterLastPageNumber="193" masterPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" updateTime="1643456102767" updateUser="ExternalLinkService"> <document ID-CLB-Dataset="25575" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1042ebd4-abca-4d3c-bf36-47b0438c4da1" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2682-955X-32-177" ID-Pensoft-UUID="A38192A7447F50479854563CC9F83BA7" ID-ZooBank="54B962BCDDA544CB84C33A7B6A8AB0D0" ModsDocID="2682-955X-32-177" checkinTime="1568198792308" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Jablonski, Daniel, Regan, John M., Holzheuser, Chace, Farooqi, Javeed, Basit, Abdul &amp; Masroor, Rafaqat" docDate="2019" docId="009741B94587570696810B30F862EFD8" docLanguage="en" docName="Herpetozoa 32: 177-193" docOrigin="Herpetozoa 32" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171" docTitle="Cyrtopodion watsoni Murray 1892" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="A38192A7447F50479854563CC9F83BA7" lastPageNumber="177" masterDocId="A38192A7447F50479854563CC9F83BA7" masterDocTitle="Additional data to the herpetofauna of Afghanistan" masterLastPageNumber="193" masterPageNumber="177" pageNumber="177" updateTime="1732685528512" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Additional data to the herpetofauna of Afghanistan</mods:title> <mods:title id="A9ACF98359911D03D7B724A0F497E3C6">Additional data to the herpetofauna of Afghanistan</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Jablonski, Daniel</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="CD5D76D4854816F04553CAA7412F877F">Jablonski, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Regan, John M.</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="6A6A927081C9750F0C1B22630E5C73BB">Regan, John M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Holzheuser, Chace</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="AB6C45A9B71E09A3079846510D2A84CC">Holzheuser, Chace</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Farooqi, Javeed</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="7AEB91B4FB542EF9C5A71F23E6519879">Farooqi, Javeed</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Basit, Abdul</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="29D1FD959E86E3AEDA938ECCBCE2EC63">Basit, Abdul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Masroor, Rafaqat</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="DAEBF51A43E12FF04A338C954DEE5567">Masroor, Rafaqat</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title>Herpetozoa</mods:title> <mods:title id="335F88C507B553BF85FEB22E2D31CFFF">Herpetozoa</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date> <mods:date id="B869014AE18F9B896D199C1ED74D1D48">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171</mods:identifier> <mods:identifier id="FC5F55875C45D137023025ABE592D7FD" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412942" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:009741B94587570696810B30F862EFD8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/009741B94587570696810B30F862EFD8" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <treatment id="009741B94587570696810B30F862EFD8" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412942" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:009741B94587570696810B30F862EFD8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/009741B94587570696810B30F862EFD8" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" scope_class="Reptilia" scope_family="Gekkonidae" scope_order="Squamata">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="nomenclature"> <subSubSection id="F9C7CE79BAD0F57DEE3FDC56FC471082" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="B35B78342113FB1100CFB552FAC2B136" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<taxonomicName LSID="009741B94587570696810B30F862EFD8" authority="Murray, 1892" authorityName="Murray" authorityYear="1892" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtopodion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtopodion watsoni" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="watsoni">Cyrtopodion watsoni (Murray, 1892)</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="5A064CB2F14F18B2151BAE3DE9A312E7" ID-CoL="33NDL" LSID="009741B94587570696810B30F862EFD8" authority="Murray, 1892" authorityName="Murray" authorityYear="1892" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtopodion" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtopodion watsoni" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="watsoni">Cyrtopodion watsoni (Murray, 1892)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="32A350E6C62404FB6F44F0D2DBE16465" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph> <paragraph id="662B7C5C108BE45CBF59293567E375D3" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="02C0D39C4B8A7452929B10CB9CA0A87D" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
This species is known from two provinces; Nangarhar and Khost ( This species is known from two provinces; Nangarhar and Khost (
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="52DFBF2590ECE03E64AAE0AF78C48560" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
; ;
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016 and Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex: Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (first country record; cf. Smid et al. 2014). Cyrtopodion scabrum: 1 - Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; 3 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 4 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Cyrtopodion watsoni: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Eremias nigrocellata: Kaldar, Balkh. Eremias persica: 1 - Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; 2 - Waza Kwah, Paktika; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lashkargah, Helmand. Mesalina watsonana: 1 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 2 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339112" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5">Fig. 5</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="0DF79AFB050D476085F4CC4FFC49D04B" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016 and Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex: Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (first country record; cf. Smid et al. 2014). Cyrtopodion scabrum: 1 - Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; 3 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 4 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Cyrtopodion watsoni: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Eremias nigrocellata: Kaldar, Balkh. Eremias persica: 1 - Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; 2 - Waza Kwah, Paktika; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lashkargah, Helmand. Mesalina watsonana: 1 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 2 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339112" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records"> <subSubSection id="299C08E534191929040174C347F15906" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph> <paragraph id="7D8345069D83613FC792EB3649B78095" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="421E4E324F7F3C27A702C256E9E4BDBB" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
( (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016 and Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex: Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (first country record; cf. Smid et al. 2014). Cyrtopodion scabrum: 1 - Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; 3 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 4 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Cyrtopodion watsoni: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Eremias nigrocellata: Kaldar, Balkh. Eremias persica: 1 - Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; 2 - Waza Kwah, Paktika; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lashkargah, Helmand. Mesalina watsonana: 1 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 2 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339112" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5">Fig. 5</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="6BEBBDC844F1E16A5E3104B16AF085E4" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016 and Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex: Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (first country record; cf. Smid et al. 2014). Cyrtopodion scabrum: 1 - Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; 3 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 4 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Cyrtopodion watsoni: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Eremias nigrocellata: Kaldar, Balkh. Eremias persica: 1 - Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; 2 - Waza Kwah, Paktika; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lashkargah, Helmand. Mesalina watsonana: 1 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 2 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339112" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul (20 May 2011), one adult and subadult ( ). Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul (20 May 2011), one adult and subadult (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Observed species of the Gekkonidae family from Afghanistan: A - subadult individual of Altiphylax levitoni from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; B - juvenile individual of Cyrtopodion scabrum from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C, D - subadult individual of C. agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; E - adult individual of C. watsoni from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - adult individual of C. scabrum from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; G - adult individual of C. scabrum from Lashkargah, Helmand; H - adult individual of C. scabrum from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; I - adult individual of Tenuidactylus caspius from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339113" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6">Fig. 6E</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="ACD88711CAC5C75134849DBF8AE27C59" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Observed species of the Gekkonidae family from Afghanistan: A - subadult individual of Altiphylax levitoni from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; B - juvenile individual of Cyrtopodion scabrum from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C, D - subadult individual of C. agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; E - adult individual of C. watsoni from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - adult individual of C. scabrum from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; G - adult individual of C. scabrum from Lashkargah, Helmand; H - adult individual of C. scabrum from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; I - adult individual of Tenuidactylus caspius from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339113" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6">Fig. 6E</figureCitation>
) individual on the buildings of the camp. ) individual on the buildings of the camp.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks"> <subSubSection id="A7CA4B2E8EAC945BB3CAAE01D4FD355D" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph> <paragraph id="51BDC0C4A2D40681A824254901BB5CAF" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="BE7BC6FA5DC40CB55FDC3656E01FB957" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
This is the first record for Kabul Province and complements the species distribution in the north-eastern part of the country. This species is mentioned in This is the first record for Kabul Province and complements the species distribution in the north-eastern part of the country. This species is mentioned in
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="1C954CFF24DB526DC3353B107AA02311" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017)</bibRefCitation>
on p. 25. on p. 25.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>

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<mods:title>Additional data to the herpetofauna of Afghanistan</mods:title> <mods:title id="02B7379C16C16E373FC904A5687F7E59">Additional data to the herpetofauna of Afghanistan</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Jablonski, Daniel</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="C2D3C7ED89EC8ACE5F34FCB46DAD51BF">Jablonski, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Regan, John M.</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="5F3A868C748345CFC044CA702668B73E">Regan, John M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Holzheuser, Chace</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="CA3C9FB4C64164550CEB1C77B3EA16A0">Holzheuser, Chace</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Farooqi, Javeed</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="D85D73E2A17EF383F40337F01E582BC7">Farooqi, Javeed</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Basit, Abdul</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="179857BF1DD1AED4D1FB01491CEB09E0">Basit, Abdul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title>Herpetozoa</mods:title> <mods:title id="2F9569E61CC98EA55E1215E87A58DFD7">Herpetozoa</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date> <mods:date id="A6B30CDCB474EFBBF0CF607B73CFD1B2">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number>32</mods:number> <mods:number id="4F032E7C0CCDEFCFAFF99340B466FF9E">32</mods:number>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412933" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F4180A4D66D5189BD313ABA2AAA3B8F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F4180A4D66D5189BD313ABA2AAA3B8F" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <treatment id="0F4180A4D66D5189BD313ABA2AAA3B8F" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412933" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F4180A4D66D5189BD313ABA2AAA3B8F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F4180A4D66D5189BD313ABA2AAA3B8F" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" scope_class="Reptilia" scope_family="Lacertidae" scope_order="Squamata">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="nomenclature"> <subSubSection id="071E00757BE7BAEEA07965F9F8C78EC2" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="6ED6AE4B7DA168FA3E6B5B27F7C51517" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<taxonomicName LSID="0F4180A4D66D5189BD313ABA2AAA3B8F" authority="Nikolsky, 1896" authorityName="Nikolsky" authorityYear="1896" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Eremias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremias nigrocellata" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigrocellata">Eremias nigrocellata Nikolsky, 1896</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="A492B61AA00DDC71613B060A2DCF9B3E" ID-CoL="6GDXR" LSID="0F4180A4D66D5189BD313ABA2AAA3B8F" authority="Nikolsky, 1896" authorityName="Nikolsky" authorityYear="1896" family="Lacertidae" genus="Eremias" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremias nigrocellata" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="nigrocellata">Eremias nigrocellata Nikolsky, 1896</taxonomicName>
</paragraph> </paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="E8B51205162ED570ED27FC67532F6B87" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph> <paragraph id="8CDA1971AC8F778EF42AC82804EF511D" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="A85044D1017008E3B8D331BB70E8898A" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
Known only from northern Afghanistan (provinces Badakhshan, Baghlan, Balkh, Kunduz, Takhar; Known only from northern Afghanistan (provinces Badakhshan, Baghlan, Balkh, Kunduz, Takhar;
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="C31C75FB01EA79F93467C751508C2B50" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records"> <subSubSection id="35094D746764DBF6DB193D00B82A2377" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph> <paragraph id="747C19502E7F2572290BED24C252EBD1" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="D7AC4BF51D8BFF51CC8147FADADE804F" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
( (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016 and Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex: Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (first country record; cf. Smid et al. 2014). Cyrtopodion scabrum: 1 - Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; 3 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 4 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Cyrtopodion watsoni: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Eremias nigrocellata: Kaldar, Balkh. Eremias persica: 1 - Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; 2 - Waza Kwah, Paktika; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lashkargah, Helmand. Mesalina watsonana: 1 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 2 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339112" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5">Fig. 5</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="C0C7C344EF93AA4C60718BFF101474BE" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016 and Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex: Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (first country record; cf. Smid et al. 2014). Cyrtopodion scabrum: 1 - Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; 3 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 4 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Cyrtopodion watsoni: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Eremias nigrocellata: Kaldar, Balkh. Eremias persica: 1 - Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; 2 - Waza Kwah, Paktika; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lashkargah, Helmand. Mesalina watsonana: 1 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 2 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339112" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Kaldar, Balkh (8 October 2011), one adult individual ( ). Kaldar, Balkh (8 October 2011), one adult individual (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Observed species of the Lacertidae family from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of Eremias aff. nigrocellata from Kaldar, Balkh; B - adult male and female of E. persica displaying mating behaviour and juveniles (C, D) from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; E, F - adult male and female of Mesalina watsonana from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339114" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure7">Fig. 7A</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="8F7470D904DC6E3E1852EDC61FA7B998" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Observed species of the Lacertidae family from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of Eremias aff. nigrocellata from Kaldar, Balkh; B - adult male and female of E. persica displaying mating behaviour and juveniles (C, D) from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; E, F - adult male and female of Mesalina watsonana from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339114" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure7">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
) approx. 10 m from a newly dug canal in the stony, semi-desert habitat near the Amu-Darya River ( ) approx. 10 m from a newly dug canal in the stony, semi-desert habitat near the Amu-Darya River (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. View on selected localities from Afghanistan that were visited: A - habitat of Bufotes viridis complex and Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - stony, semi-desert habitat of Eremias aff. nigrocellata from Kaldar, Balkh; C - semi-desert habitat of Trapelus agilis from Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan; D - vicinity of small village Waza Kwah, Paktika as habitat of Testudo horsfieldii; E - desert habitat of Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; F - burrows in semi-desert habitat that were used by Eremias persica as a shelter, Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339117" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10">Fig. 10B</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="FDFB6209BCCC194CA26F736A675CD3BA" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. View on selected localities from Afghanistan that were visited: A - habitat of Bufotes viridis complex and Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - stony, semi-desert habitat of Eremias aff. nigrocellata from Kaldar, Balkh; C - semi-desert habitat of Trapelus agilis from Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan; D - vicinity of small village Waza Kwah, Paktika as habitat of Testudo horsfieldii; E - desert habitat of Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; F - burrows in semi-desert habitat that were used by Eremias persica as a shelter, Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339117" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks"> <subSubSection id="9BE96DABE186640475D4005EEA44458E" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph> <paragraph id="9E6D16306C2E05585AFFE2E411575068" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="3A5FC416D460A443F8D83CD7B79DA931" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
The species is mentioned by The species is mentioned by
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="25F6B70E683242FDEF7C0B6F295E7B48" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
from the locality &quot; from the locality &quot;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Amu-Darya swamps, nr. Darquad, N of Djangi Quala, [Takhar Prov., 400 m] (ZMK 2562)</emphasis> <emphasis id="2C2EDF4AC9A2253AA5B251A8C0BD6FAE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Amu-Darya swamps, nr. Darquad, N of Djangi Quala, [Takhar Prov., 400 m] (ZMK 2562)</emphasis>
&quot; but coordinates presented for this locality are the same as for &quot; &quot; but coordinates presented for this locality are the same as for &quot;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Amu-Darya, N of Kunduz</emphasis> <emphasis id="0D5A9198D83E0D1ECBD08C6A69CBAF87" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Amu-Darya, N of Kunduz</emphasis>
&quot; (see therein Appendix 1, p. 551). Therefore, the distribution point from Takhar Prov. is not mapped and presented in &quot; (see therein Appendix 1, p. 551). Therefore, the distribution point from Takhar Prov. is not mapped and presented in
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016 and Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex: Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (first country record; cf. Smid et al. 2014). Cyrtopodion scabrum: 1 - Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; 3 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 4 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Cyrtopodion watsoni: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Eremias nigrocellata: Kaldar, Balkh. Eremias persica: 1 - Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; 2 - Waza Kwah, Paktika; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lashkargah, Helmand. Mesalina watsonana: 1 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 2 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339112" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5">Fig. 5</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="CF4CF76B316CDDA8E1FA7F6C2C213494" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016 and Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex: Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (first country record; cf. Smid et al. 2014). Cyrtopodion scabrum: 1 - Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; 3 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 4 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Cyrtopodion watsoni: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Eremias nigrocellata: Kaldar, Balkh. Eremias persica: 1 - Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; 2 - Waza Kwah, Paktika; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lashkargah, Helmand. Mesalina watsonana: 1 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 2 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339112" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
of this study. Our record is currently the northernmost locality of the species in Afghanistan, only ca. 1500 m from the border with Tajikistan and 4000 m from the border with Uzbekistan. Although our record clearly corresponds with the distribution range of the species in the country and colouration and pattern of the species corresponds with of this study. Our record is currently the northernmost locality of the species in Afghanistan, only ca. 1500 m from the border with Tajikistan and 4000 m from the border with Uzbekistan. Although our record clearly corresponds with the distribution range of the species in the country and colouration and pattern of the species corresponds with
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. nigrocellata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="nigrocellata"> <taxonomicName id="136F5E0A301F32BAC46AC561DF760D95" lsidName="E. nigrocellata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="nigrocellata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">E. nigrocellata</emphasis> <emphasis id="69A7318BED6B5A61F3BA9764F39F7C2A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">E. nigrocellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
, we present this record as , we present this record as
<normalizedToken originalValue="“affiliated”">&quot;affiliated&quot;</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="1A2DD004218AA0DE160B4965BA9C28AF" originalValue="“affiliated”">&quot;affiliated&quot;</normalizedToken>
. .
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339114" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" start="Figure 7" startId="F7"> <caption id="B8D9802664B418CB16B47918FC39BEB4" doi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339114" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="616A343C25EE304D542A4AC7BC2B563E" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Figure 7.</emphasis> <emphasis id="4BC3DF8476BF8B6BB919CF3D3AF8267C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Figure 7.</emphasis>
Observed species of the Observed species of the
<taxonomicName family="Lacertidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="family">Lacertidae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="F8C6A7C3F3973B1DDF1D40027350A86E" class="Squamata" family="Lacertidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Lacertidae</taxonomicName>
family from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of family from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Eremias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremias nigrocellata" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigrocellata">Eremias aff. nigrocellata</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="65363EFD090AFC216FC4E8AB6B8E3C1F" class="Squamata" family="Lacertidae" genus="Eremias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremias nigrocellata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigrocellata">Eremias aff. nigrocellata</taxonomicName>
from Kaldar, Balkh; B - adult male and female of from Kaldar, Balkh; B - adult male and female of
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. persica" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="persica"> <taxonomicName id="DE4F9F0FA88A858A8B79605BB2369949" lsidName="E. persica" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="persica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">E. persica</emphasis> <emphasis id="455E3A35323876D4B04D01829FD0D297" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">E. persica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
displaying mating behaviour and juveniles (C, D) from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; E, F - adult male and female of displaying mating behaviour and juveniles (C, D) from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; E, F - adult male and female of
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Mesalina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mesalina watsonana" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="watsonana"> <taxonomicName id="4C4F4C9D889C4C7C7AC5B1A2D9D5A7F7" class="Squamata" family="Lacertidae" genus="Mesalina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mesalina watsonana" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="watsonana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Mesalina watsonana</emphasis> <emphasis id="E99C33DCCF37D64C928FFED63D4B4DA3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Mesalina watsonana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar.
</paragraph> </paragraph>

126
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@ -1,98 +1,98 @@
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="C06F5F51A593FFD3B361361EE0CB5083" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<taxonomicName LSID="1026F43AB46E56CC943BDF8711F292A4" authority="Pallas, 1776" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1776" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Phrynocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phrynocephalus mystaceus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mystaceus">Phrynocephalus mystaceus (Pallas, 1776)</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="3997D9378DDDF0760C5981D67019A7D6" ID-CoL="77DMQ" LSID="1026F43AB46E56CC943BDF8711F292A4" authority="Pallas, 1776" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1776" family="Agamidae" genus="Phrynocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phrynocephalus mystaceus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="mystaceus">Phrynocephalus mystaceus (Pallas, 1776)</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph> <paragraph id="796A364394A36B8064D72211620651C6" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph>
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This species is currently known from only three provinces (Balkh, Faryab, Jowzjan) in northern Afghanistan ( This species is currently known from only three provinces (Balkh, Faryab, Jowzjan) in northern Afghanistan (
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="8AE51E4DE47C88E5FDA293F2013B59BC" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
). ).
<bibRefCitation author="Clark, R" journalOrPublisher="British Herpetological Society Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="20 - 42" refId="B3" refString="Clark, R, 1990. A report on herpetological observations in Afghanistan. British Herpetological Society Bulletin 33: 20 - 42" title="A report on herpetological observations in Afghanistan." volume="33" year="1990">Clark (1990)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="C7DDE14E2FA5DF1F0D05447D8CBA8D7F" author="Clark, R" journalOrPublisher="British Herpetological Society Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="20 - 42" refId="B3" refString="Clark, R, 1990. A report on herpetological observations in Afghanistan. British Herpetological Society Bulletin 33: 20 - 42" title="A report on herpetological observations in Afghanistan." volume="33" year="1990">Clark (1990)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned this species as common. mentioned this species as common.
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records"> <subSubSection id="A41A5937644BD70914C91BDB9069688C" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph> <paragraph id="F889CC345228C102FE701953D88D031E" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="14341220C2FBA08B32ED29EA342F7907" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
( (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: data of Buchroithner, 1981; Wagner et al. 2016; Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Bufotes viridis complex (including species B. oblongus, B. baturae / pseudoraddei, B. turanensis and B. zugmayeri presented by Wagner et al. 2016): 1 - Dehdadi, Balkh; 2 - Nahr Shahi, Balkh; 3 - Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 4 - Arga Queshlaq, Badakhshan; 5 - Broghil Pass, Badakhshan; 6 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 7 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis: Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Testudo horsfieldii: 1 - Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; 2 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 3 - Waza Kwah, Paktika. Phrynocephalus mystaceus: Shor Tepah, Balkh. Trapelus agilis: 1 - Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 2 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 5 - Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan. Trapelus megalonyx: 1 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 2 - Gardez, Gardez Base, Paktia." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339109" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="B1C7C26CB0EEECA1CDEF81D571ADAFD3" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: data of Buchroithner, 1981; Wagner et al. 2016; Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Bufotes viridis complex (including species B. oblongus, B. baturae / pseudoraddei, B. turanensis and B. zugmayeri presented by Wagner et al. 2016): 1 - Dehdadi, Balkh; 2 - Nahr Shahi, Balkh; 3 - Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 4 - Arga Queshlaq, Badakhshan; 5 - Broghil Pass, Badakhshan; 6 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 7 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis: Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Testudo horsfieldii: 1 - Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; 2 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 3 - Waza Kwah, Paktika. Phrynocephalus mystaceus: Shor Tepah, Balkh. Trapelus agilis: 1 - Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 2 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 5 - Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan. Trapelus megalonyx: 1 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 2 - Gardez, Gardez Base, Paktia." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339109" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Shor Tepah, Balkh (8 September 2011), one adult individual ( ). Shor Tepah, Balkh (8 September 2011), one adult individual (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Observed species of Dicroglossidae, Testudinidae and Agamidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individuals of Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - adult individual of Testudo horsfieldii from Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; C - adult individual of Phrynocephalus mystaceus from Shor Tepah, Balkh; D - juvenile individual of Trapelus agilis from Lashkargah, Helmand; E - adult male of T. agilis from Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; F, G - adult and subadult males of T. agilis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; H - adult male of T. aff. megalonyx from Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; I - adult individual of T. aff. megalonyx from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339111" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4">Fig. 4C</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="C2D7AD90CDC71A622EB27E7D41263117" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Observed species of Dicroglossidae, Testudinidae and Agamidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individuals of Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - adult individual of Testudo horsfieldii from Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; C - adult individual of Phrynocephalus mystaceus from Shor Tepah, Balkh; D - juvenile individual of Trapelus agilis from Lashkargah, Helmand; E - adult male of T. agilis from Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; F, G - adult and subadult males of T. agilis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; H - adult male of T. aff. megalonyx from Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; I - adult individual of T. aff. megalonyx from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339111" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
) in sand dunes area near the Amu Darya River. ) in sand dunes area near the Amu Darya River.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks"> <subSubSection id="146D38AA947703C9F27DD973169FA199" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph> <paragraph id="4AF2898D958CAAE0A226C851BF880B1B" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our record is the northernmost for the species in Afghanistan, only 2000 m from the border with Uzbekistan.</paragraph> <paragraph id="3DFD7D78392F8656373F4FA171AA0FA4" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our record is the northernmost for the species in Afghanistan, only 2000 m from the border with Uzbekistan.</paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
</treatment> </treatment>
</document> </document>

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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Prorhinotermes_inopinatus" authority="Silvestri, 1909" authorityName="Silvestri" authorityYear="1909" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Prorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prorhinotermes inopinatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="25" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inopinatus">Prorhinotermes inopinatus Silvestri, 1909</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="E96FBB7A2EF50869320758CD6ABDFE7D" ID-CoL="6VXHB" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Prorhinotermes_inopinatus" authority="Silvestri, 1909" authorityName="Silvestri" authorityYear="1909" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Prorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prorhinotermes inopinatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="25" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inopinatus">Prorhinotermes inopinatus Silvestri, 1909</taxonomicName>
Figs 84-8793 Figs 84-8793
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="80" type="reference_group"> <subSubSection id="9DE35380DA53CD87C75D02E4485D6274" pageId="25" pageNumber="80" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="80"> <paragraph id="5BD968759CB118BDD5A4FD16931A413C" pageId="25" pageNumber="80">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Prorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prorhinotermes inopinatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="25" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inopinatus">Prorhinotermes inopinatus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="13CF70766A598B1F6B309228F418C507" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Prorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prorhinotermes inopinatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="25" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inopinatus">Prorhinotermes inopinatus</taxonomicName>
Silvestri 1909: 287-288. Silvestri 1909: 287-288.
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="80"> <paragraph id="B570F88763EF0C4EC40F566078143106" pageId="25" pageNumber="80">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Prorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prorhinotermes manni" order="Blattodea" pageId="25" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manni">Prorhinotermes manni</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="B08DD59A9D738E83BE1E9A526048F99C" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Prorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prorhinotermes manni" order="Blattodea" pageId="25" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manni">Prorhinotermes manni</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="395 - 407" title="New termites from the Solomon Islands and Santa Cruz Archipelago." volume="15" year="1925">Snyder 1925</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="E48FC730D173AEF0A755F8E3881E5CC8" author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="395 - 407" title="New termites from the Solomon Islands and Santa Cruz Archipelago." volume="15" year="1925">Snyder 1925</bibRefCitation>
: 399 (synonymized by : 399 (synonymized by
<bibRefCitation author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution, Washington" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Catalog of the Termites (Isoptera) of the World." year="1949">Snyder 1949</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="8EDB34058E797D7E758BADE0D793386D" author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution, Washington" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Catalog of the Termites (Isoptera) of the World." year="1949">Snyder 1949</bibRefCitation>
: 86). : 86).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="80"> <paragraph id="DD2EADCED3A6E8DCACA1022B574F3B6B" pageId="25" pageNumber="80">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Prorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prorhinotermes solomonensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="25" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solomonensis">Prorhinotermes solomonensis</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="08E8291551898BE378305A78BB72CE8B" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Prorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prorhinotermes solomonensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="25" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solomonensis">Prorhinotermes solomonensis</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="395 - 407" title="New termites from the Solomon Islands and Santa Cruz Archipelago." volume="15" year="1925">Snyder 1925</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="204C161CC41FD949BDA4B5A77A13523F" author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="395 - 407" title="New termites from the Solomon Islands and Santa Cruz Archipelago." volume="15" year="1925">Snyder 1925</bibRefCitation>
: 400 (synonymized by : 400 (synonymized by
<bibRefCitation author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution, Washington" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Catalog of the Termites (Isoptera) of the World." year="1949">Snyder 1949</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="E2BBC7E21B14E2AD2BC5A7A4C2798E3A" author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution, Washington" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Catalog of the Termites (Isoptera) of the World." year="1949">Snyder 1949</bibRefCitation>
: 86). : 86).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="80">Material examined.</paragraph> <paragraph id="F1A467BCB3E89C14DFA77A8923A3744D" pageId="25" pageNumber="80">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="25" pageNumber="80"> <paragraph id="9D98916E6C5B8BE3FE40D2D8977E5BD7" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="25" pageNumber="80">
Syntype:TONGA: Niua Syntype:TONGA: Niua
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(as Insulae Samoa, Ninafoon) (B. (as Insulae Samoa, Ninafoon) (B.
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) (AMNH). Other material: PAPUA NEW GUINEA:Madang: Bunapas road, 26.vi.1981 (JMP), with neotenic reproductives (#PNGT111); Road Bogia-Tangu km 10, 07.vii.1981 (JMP) (#PNGT129); Potsdam, 18.iv.1983 (YR) (#PNGT325); Nubia, 18.v.1983 (YR) (#PNGT354); Sepen No.1, 29.x.1983 (YR), with nymphs and neotenics (#PNGT426); Bunapae, 12.vi.1984 (YR) (#PNGT687); Bunapae, 23.vii.1984 (YR), with queen in dead wood (#PNGT749); Potsdam, 24.vii.1984 (YR), with neotenics (#PNGT754); Hansa point, 05.ix.1984 (YR) (#PNGT808); Tabele (Manam Is.), 19.ix.1984 (YR) (#PNGT840); Laing Island, 06.ii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR), with alates and neotenics (#PNGT857); Nubia, 25.v.1986 (YR), two colonies, the former dissected completely, with two primary queens and one neotenic male, and nymphs (#PNGT1012, 1013); Potsdam, 03.vi.1986 (YR), two colonies, the latter with many alates (#PNGT1019, 1020); Sepen No.1, 06.vii.1986 (YR) (#PNGT1035); Nubia, 12.vii.1986 (YR), two small colonies (#PNGT1039, 1040); Road Potsdam-Makarup km?, 30.viii.1987 (YR) (#PNGT1137); Sepen No.1, 26.iv.1988 (YR), with two neotenic females (#PNGT1192); Laing Island, 12.iii.1989 (ML), in log on sea shore, with alates (#PNGT1405); Hatzfeldthafen, 20.v.1983 (YR) (#PNGT362); Tabobo, 23.ii.1983 (JMP &amp; YR), with royal pair (#PNGT219); Yagaum Hospital, 07.ii.1983 (JMP &amp; YR), with neotenics (#PNGT149); Yagaum Hospital, 12.iv.1983 (YR), two colonies, the former with alates (#PNGT310, 311); Yagaum Hospital, 13.v.1983 (YR) (#PNGT346); Baitabag, xi.1999 (L. ) (AMNH). Other material: PAPUA NEW GUINEA:Madang: Bunapas road, 26.vi.1981 (JMP), with neotenic reproductives (#PNGT111); Road Bogia-Tangu km 10, 07.vii.1981 (JMP) (#PNGT129); Potsdam, 18.iv.1983 (YR) (#PNGT325); Nubia, 18.v.1983 (YR) (#PNGT354); Sepen No.1, 29.x.1983 (YR), with nymphs and neotenics (#PNGT426); Bunapae, 12.vi.1984 (YR) (#PNGT687); Bunapae, 23.vii.1984 (YR), with queen in dead wood (#PNGT749); Potsdam, 24.vii.1984 (YR), with neotenics (#PNGT754); Hansa point, 05.ix.1984 (YR) (#PNGT808); Tabele (Manam Is.), 19.ix.1984 (YR) (#PNGT840); Laing Island, 06.ii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR), with alates and neotenics (#PNGT857); Nubia, 25.v.1986 (YR), two colonies, the former dissected completely, with two primary queens and one neotenic male, and nymphs (#PNGT1012, 1013); Potsdam, 03.vi.1986 (YR), two colonies, the latter with many alates (#PNGT1019, 1020); Sepen No.1, 06.vii.1986 (YR) (#PNGT1035); Nubia, 12.vii.1986 (YR), two small colonies (#PNGT1039, 1040); Road Potsdam-Makarup km?, 30.viii.1987 (YR) (#PNGT1137); Sepen No.1, 26.iv.1988 (YR), with two neotenic females (#PNGT1192); Laing Island, 12.iii.1989 (ML), in log on sea shore, with alates (#PNGT1405); Hatzfeldthafen, 20.v.1983 (YR) (#PNGT362); Tabobo, 23.ii.1983 (JMP &amp; YR), with royal pair (#PNGT219); Yagaum Hospital, 07.ii.1983 (JMP &amp; YR), with neotenics (#PNGT149); Yagaum Hospital, 12.iv.1983 (YR), two colonies, the former with alates (#PNGT310, 311); Yagaum Hospital, 13.v.1983 (YR) (#PNGT346); Baitabag, xi.1999 (L.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Čižek">Cizek</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="ABCF9BE0B4F62F07C7FE6A5FFE888BBE" originalValue="Čižek">Cizek</normalizedToken>
) (#12, J. ) (#12, J.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Šobotník’s">Sobotnik's</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="AB880E45C9493D2862617D80F147B087" originalValue="Šobotník’s">Sobotnik's</normalizedToken>
collection). Morobe: 21 km NW Lae, 08.xii.1962 (AE), from log on ground in lowland forest (AMNH); Lae, 11.xii.1962 (P. Aloma &amp; AE), rather wet log on forest floor in Botanic Garden (AMNH); 5 km S Lae, 21.xii.1962 (P. Aloma), 2 samples in mangrove branches and stump in water (AMNH); 8 km NW Lae, 27.xii.1962 (AE) (AMNH); 32 km NW Lae (Markham road), 27.xii.1962 (AE), in standing dead tree on edge of collection). Morobe: 21 km NW Lae, 08.xii.1962 (AE), from log on ground in lowland forest (AMNH); Lae, 11.xii.1962 (P. Aloma &amp; AE), rather wet log on forest floor in Botanic Garden (AMNH); 5 km S Lae, 21.xii.1962 (P. Aloma), 2 samples in mangrove branches and stump in water (AMNH); 8 km NW Lae, 27.xii.1962 (AE) (AMNH); 32 km NW Lae (Markham road), 27.xii.1962 (AE), in standing dead tree on edge of
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pandanus" order="Pandanales" pageId="25" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pandanus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="C0A037A1BA36D4AAD4845EA12E9D027F" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pandanus" order="Pandanales" pageId="25" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pandanus</taxonomicName>
forest (AMNH); 32 km SW Lae, 29.xii.1962 (AE), in sago forest (AMNH); Oomsis, 24.v.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1241); Sandaun: Yap forest (AMNH); 32 km SW Lae, 29.xii.1962 (AE), in sago forest (AMNH); Oomsis, 24.v.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1241); Sandaun: Yap
<pageBreakToken pageId="26" pageNumber="81" start="start">siei</pageBreakToken> <pageBreakToken id="2C191E8C1A05B6BB6E6264F2A8CF7BE5" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" start="start">siei</pageBreakToken>
, 12.iii.1994 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1753); Fly: Tabubil, 20.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1539); Nomad, 29.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML), two colonies, the former with neotenics (#PNGT1608, 1612); Nomad, 01.vi.1990 (YR &amp; ML), (#PNGT1635). INDONESIA:Papua: Pusppenssat-IrJa, 13-15.xi.1995 (YR), three colonies, the first two with neotenics (#IRJT16, 27, 44); Pusppenssat-IrJa, 18.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT76); road Nabire-Mapia km 43, 26.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT172); Pusppenssat-IrJa, 01.xii.1995 (YR) (#IRJT213). Kaimana, 23.xi.1995 (YR), in dead log on limestone hill (#IRJT145). , 12.iii.1994 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1753); Fly: Tabubil, 20.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1539); Nomad, 29.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML), two colonies, the former with neotenics (#PNGT1608, 1612); Nomad, 01.vi.1990 (YR &amp; ML), (#PNGT1635). INDONESIA:Papua: Pusppenssat-IrJa, 13-15.xi.1995 (YR), three colonies, the first two with neotenics (#IRJT16, 27, 44); Pusppenssat-IrJa, 18.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT76); road Nabire-Mapia km 43, 26.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT172); Pusppenssat-IrJa, 01.xii.1995 (YR) (#IRJT213). Kaimana, 23.xi.1995 (YR), in dead log on limestone hill (#IRJT145).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="81" type="imago"> <subSubSection id="B1C216B82FA151746108337AD10CCECA" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" type="imago">
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="81">Imago.</paragraph> <paragraph id="909572865DD9559B54A0ED80E59BED6E" pageId="26" pageNumber="81">Imago.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="81">(Fig. 85). Head slightly rounded, covered by about 10 setae. Eyes variable in size. Pronotum with large setae mainly situated on the edges. Measurements (mm) of 12 imagoes from 2 colonies: TBL: 4.38-6.72; HLC: 1.09-1.33; HWE: 1.20-1.47; PL: 0.65-0.81; PW: 1.09-1.27; FWL: 6.67-8.42; ED: 0.24-0.37.</paragraph> <paragraph id="1CA431CFD4473B04B3803F6888DCC7C7" pageId="26" pageNumber="81">(Fig. 85). Head slightly rounded, covered by about 10 setae. Eyes variable in size. Pronotum with large setae mainly situated on the edges. Measurements (mm) of 12 imagoes from 2 colonies: TBL: 4.38-6.72; HLC: 1.09-1.33; HWE: 1.20-1.47; PL: 0.65-0.81; PW: 1.09-1.27; FWL: 6.67-8.42; ED: 0.24-0.37.</paragraph>
<caption pageId="26" pageNumber="81"> <caption id="46DD909708647695C3CC43D3CFDB9488" pageId="26" pageNumber="81">
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="81"> <paragraph id="E9CAE5CFCEC66D93B08C27474385AE02" pageId="26" pageNumber="81">
Figures 84-87. Figures 84-87.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Prorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prorhinotermes inopinatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inopinatus">Prorhinotermes inopinatus.</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="0043FF35899C234E473B577DE99B9FCD" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Prorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prorhinotermes inopinatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inopinatus">Prorhinotermes inopinatus.</taxonomicName>
Soldier: 84 head; 86 left mandible; 87 right mandible. Imago: 85 head and pronotum. Scale bars: 84, 85: 0.5mm; 86, 87: 0.2mm. Soldier: 84 head; 86 left mandible; 87 right mandible. Imago: 85 head and pronotum. Scale bars: 84, 85: 0.5mm; 86, 87: 0.2mm.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="81" type="soldier"> <subSubSection id="2B10673B214FDE1A6EC44B30AA584257" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" type="soldier">
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="81">Soldier.</paragraph> <paragraph id="2A85420CBC6A409C9CF32F8DA7C50133" pageId="26" pageNumber="81">Soldier.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="81">(Figs 84, 86-87). Head slightly elongated, covered by about 15 setae. Eyes of medium size. Pronotum, mesonotum and metanotum long and wide. Abdomen covered by 6 to 12 long setae per segment. Large mandibles, slightly curved at tip. Measurements (mm) of syntype and 94 soldiers from 32 colonies (parentheses): HLC: 1.79 (1.39-1.85); HLL: 2.02 (1.65-2.16); HW: 1.10 (1.13-1.53); PL: 0.56 (0.45-0.69); PW: 1.17 (0.86-1.24); RML: 1.22 (0.95-1.40); MPW: 0.51 (0.37-0.57); T3L: 1.35 (1.02-1.48).</paragraph> <paragraph id="3111AEA46BA79470CF6108325BCAA94D" pageId="26" pageNumber="81">(Figs 84, 86-87). Head slightly elongated, covered by about 15 setae. Eyes of medium size. Pronotum, mesonotum and metanotum long and wide. Abdomen covered by 6 to 12 long setae per segment. Large mandibles, slightly curved at tip. Measurements (mm) of syntype and 94 soldiers from 32 colonies (parentheses): HLC: 1.79 (1.39-1.85); HLL: 2.02 (1.65-2.16); HW: 1.10 (1.13-1.53); PL: 0.56 (0.45-0.69); PW: 1.17 (0.86-1.24); RML: 1.22 (0.95-1.40); MPW: 0.51 (0.37-0.57); T3L: 1.35 (1.02-1.48).</paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="81" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="33B9D8F73F36431BCCCE0EC591EA5BE6" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="81">Distribution.</paragraph> <paragraph id="9D952A2C7A37BA5EB3ED5F1391BB836D" pageId="26" pageNumber="81">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="81"> <paragraph id="0B3343F7D96B38CA1CAC3CD70F0DE723" pageId="26" pageNumber="81">
(Fig. 93). This species occurs throughout New Guinean forests, or forested swamps ( (Fig. 93). This species occurs throughout New Guinean forests, or forested swamps (
<bibRefCitation author="Roisin, Y" journalOrPublisher="Zoomorphology" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="339 - 347" title="Morphology, development and evolutionary significance of the working stages in the caste system of Prorhinotermes (Insecta, Isoptera)." url="10.1007/BF00312217" volume="107" year="1988 b">Roisin 1988b</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="F2F7B3F822133FBD50E78002B4C33A9E" author="Roisin, Y" journalOrPublisher="Zoomorphology" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="339 - 347" title="Morphology, development and evolutionary significance of the working stages in the caste system of Prorhinotermes (Insecta, Isoptera)." url="10.1007/BF00312217" volume="107" year="1988 b">Roisin 1988b</bibRefCitation>
). It also occurs in Northern Australia ( ). It also occurs in Northern Australia (
<bibRefCitation author="Gay, FJ" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Australian entomological Society" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="75 - 77" title="The occurrence in Australia of Prorhinotermes inopinatus Silvestri (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)." url="10.1111/j.1440-6055.1983.tb01845.x" volume="22" year="1983">Gay and Barrett 1983</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="5F6F8C356E08A7A36196F4A05F6AC613" author="Gay, FJ" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Australian entomological Society" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="75 - 77" title="The occurrence in Australia of Prorhinotermes inopinatus Silvestri (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)." url="10.1111/j.1440-6055.1983.tb01845.x" volume="22" year="1983">Gay and Barrett 1983</bibRefCitation>
), the Solomons, Santa Cruz, Fiji, Samoa, Ellice and Mariana Islands ( ), the Solomons, Santa Cruz, Fiji, Samoa, Ellice and Mariana Islands (
<bibRefCitation author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="C. S. I. R., Melbourne" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Termites (Isoptera) from the Australian Region." year="1942">Hill 1942</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="20924DABEA0593911D6EBB545C78047F" author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="C. S. I. R., Melbourne" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Termites (Isoptera) from the Australian Region." year="1942">Hill 1942</bibRefCitation>
) and Vanuatu ( ) and Vanuatu (
<bibRefCitation author="Roisin, Y" editor="Bouchet, P" journalOrPublisher="Patrimoines naturels" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="128 - 130" title="Termites in Santo: lessons from a survey in the Penaoru area." volume="70" volumeTitle="The Natural History of Santo. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle / IRD editions / Pro-Natura International, Paris, France." year="2011">Roisin et al. 2011</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="18FFD1F1FB25C1362DEFF75F434654A1" author="Roisin, Y" editor="Bouchet, P" journalOrPublisher="Patrimoines naturels" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="128 - 130" title="Termites in Santo: lessons from a survey in the Penaoru area." volume="70" volumeTitle="The Natural History of Santo. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle / IRD editions / Pro-Natura International, Paris, France." year="2011">Roisin et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>

146
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412941" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1FF449BECD2758A7A1DF4944BEE0708C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1FF449BECD2758A7A1DF4944BEE0708C" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <treatment id="1FF449BECD2758A7A1DF4944BEE0708C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412941" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1FF449BECD2758A7A1DF4944BEE0708C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1FF449BECD2758A7A1DF4944BEE0708C" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" scope_class="Reptilia" scope_family="Gekkonidae" scope_order="Squamata">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="nomenclature"> <subSubSection id="2BE7ADD6D3B6CFB6DA8AD57ADF81039B" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="842D7186D2FA0513243966B203A7E83A" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<taxonomicName LSID="1FF449BECD2758A7A1DF4944BEE0708C" authority="von Heyden, 1827" authorityName="von Heyden" authorityYear="1827" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtopodion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtopodion scabrum" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scabrum">Cyrtopodion scabrum (von Heyden, 1827)</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="A50612AD08669914B5AF94F8BAE5CB5C" ID-CoL="33ND8" LSID="1FF449BECD2758A7A1DF4944BEE0708C" authority="von Heyden, 1827" authorityName="von Heyden" authorityYear="1827" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtopodion" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtopodion scabrum" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="scabrum">Cyrtopodion scabrum (von Heyden, 1827)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="AFF9DBD183597963DAD975FE6D8F793A" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph> <paragraph id="CA8A28978B54DECB6B3CB92701F164D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="5D0C6C12AED16CBC20613436943541F4" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
This species is currently reported from seven provinces mainly in eastern and southern Afghanistan (Farah, Helmand, Kabul, Kandahar, Khost, Nangarhar, Zabul; This species is currently reported from seven provinces mainly in eastern and southern Afghanistan (Farah, Helmand, Kabul, Kandahar, Khost, Nangarhar, Zabul;
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="4C5C386A2685368814AE5DEC2E26A4F4" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
). However, a record from Nangarhar (locality Jalalabad) is not mapped by ). However, a record from Nangarhar (locality Jalalabad) is not mapped by
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="45D5AAA9E44B7711858AC0596884D1D1" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
, although they present its distribution in the text (see p. 487 vs. Plate 6, p. 542). One dubious record from the north-western part of the country was presented by , although they present its distribution in the text (see p. 487 vs. Plate 6, p. 542). One dubious record from the north-western part of the country was presented by
<bibRefCitation author="Sindaco, R" journalOrPublisher="Edizioni Belvedere, Latina" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B15" refString="Sindaco, R, Jeremcenko, VK, 2008. The Reptiles of the Western Palearctic. 1. Annotated checklist and distributional atlas of the turtles, crocodiles, amphisbaenians and lizards of Europe, North Africa, Middle East and Central Asia. Edizioni Belvedere, Latina" title="The Reptiles of the Western Palearctic. 1. Annotated checklist and distributional atlas of the turtles, crocodiles, amphisbaenians and lizards of Europe, North Africa, Middle East and Central Asia." year="2008"> <bibRefCitation id="751F2C56DDB21C08A2FD75C8B13574E0" author="Sindaco, R" journalOrPublisher="Edizioni Belvedere, Latina" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B15" refString="Sindaco, R, Jeremcenko, VK, 2008. The Reptiles of the Western Palearctic. 1. Annotated checklist and distributional atlas of the turtles, crocodiles, amphisbaenians and lizards of Europe, North Africa, Middle East and Central Asia. Edizioni Belvedere, Latina" title="The Reptiles of the Western Palearctic. 1. Annotated checklist and distributional atlas of the turtles, crocodiles, amphisbaenians and lizards of Europe, North Africa, Middle East and Central Asia." year="2008">
Sindaco and Sindaco and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jeremčenko">Jeremcenko</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="47C42C6138C5AF0AB9596EDFDF50CDF1" originalValue="Jeremčenko">Jeremcenko</normalizedToken>
(2008) (2008)
</bibRefCitation> </bibRefCitation>
. .
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records"> <subSubSection id="93647E83639448828DEA2154CFE17F98" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph> <paragraph id="001DCC436BDA848DCDB4DD2067E24849" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="AEEE9C9A5FF193B1154A1676779353D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
( (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016 and Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex: Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (first country record; cf. Smid et al. 2014). Cyrtopodion scabrum: 1 - Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; 3 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 4 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Cyrtopodion watsoni: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Eremias nigrocellata: Kaldar, Balkh. Eremias persica: 1 - Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; 2 - Waza Kwah, Paktika; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lashkargah, Helmand. Mesalina watsonana: 1 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 2 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339112" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5">Fig. 5</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="BB07FC59CBAB4D6F181385D98D0A4561" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016 and Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex: Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (first country record; cf. Smid et al. 2014). Cyrtopodion scabrum: 1 - Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; 3 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 4 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Cyrtopodion watsoni: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Eremias nigrocellata: Kaldar, Balkh. Eremias persica: 1 - Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; 2 - Waza Kwah, Paktika; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lashkargah, Helmand. Mesalina watsonana: 1 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 2 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339112" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
): 1 - Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul (15 July 2011), several adult individuals ( ): 1 - Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul (15 July 2011), several adult individuals (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Observed species of the Gekkonidae family from Afghanistan: A - subadult individual of Altiphylax levitoni from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; B - juvenile individual of Cyrtopodion scabrum from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C, D - subadult individual of C. agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; E - adult individual of C. watsoni from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - adult individual of C. scabrum from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; G - adult individual of C. scabrum from Lashkargah, Helmand; H - adult individual of C. scabrum from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; I - adult individual of Tenuidactylus caspius from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339113" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6">Fig. 6F</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="6653EA2F6FB3D0A3209FD2FD64CF403E" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Observed species of the Gekkonidae family from Afghanistan: A - subadult individual of Altiphylax levitoni from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; B - juvenile individual of Cyrtopodion scabrum from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C, D - subadult individual of C. agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; E - adult individual of C. watsoni from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - adult individual of C. scabrum from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; G - adult individual of C. scabrum from Lashkargah, Helmand; H - adult individual of C. scabrum from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; I - adult individual of Tenuidactylus caspius from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339113" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6">Fig. 6F</figureCitation>
) from the rocky area of the Darul Aman palace ruins; 2 - Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (2 August 2010), one adult individual ( ) from the rocky area of the Darul Aman palace ruins; 2 - Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (2 August 2010), one adult individual (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Observed species of the Gekkonidae family from Afghanistan: A - subadult individual of Altiphylax levitoni from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; B - juvenile individual of Cyrtopodion scabrum from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C, D - subadult individual of C. agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; E - adult individual of C. watsoni from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - adult individual of C. scabrum from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; G - adult individual of C. scabrum from Lashkargah, Helmand; H - adult individual of C. scabrum from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; I - adult individual of Tenuidactylus caspius from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339113" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6">Fig. 6H</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="1C16BABF0BD030856B066D0449857C9D" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Observed species of the Gekkonidae family from Afghanistan: A - subadult individual of Altiphylax levitoni from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; B - juvenile individual of Cyrtopodion scabrum from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C, D - subadult individual of C. agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; E - adult individual of C. watsoni from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - adult individual of C. scabrum from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; G - adult individual of C. scabrum from Lashkargah, Helmand; H - adult individual of C. scabrum from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; I - adult individual of Tenuidactylus caspius from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339113" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6">Fig. 6H</figureCitation>
) from a building of the camp; 3 - ) from a building of the camp; 3 -
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lashkargāh">Lashkargah</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="1F42A039288971258B37D024CB319205" originalValue="Lashkargāh">Lashkargah</normalizedToken>
, Helmand (10 February 2009), dozens of adult individuals ( , Helmand (10 February 2009), dozens of adult individuals (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Observed species of the Gekkonidae family from Afghanistan: A - subadult individual of Altiphylax levitoni from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; B - juvenile individual of Cyrtopodion scabrum from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C, D - subadult individual of C. agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; E - adult individual of C. watsoni from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - adult individual of C. scabrum from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; G - adult individual of C. scabrum from Lashkargah, Helmand; H - adult individual of C. scabrum from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; I - adult individual of Tenuidactylus caspius from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339113" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6">Fig. 6G</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="E7057700EA77CA1E2F025757E53F60CC" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Observed species of the Gekkonidae family from Afghanistan: A - subadult individual of Altiphylax levitoni from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; B - juvenile individual of Cyrtopodion scabrum from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C, D - subadult individual of C. agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; E - adult individual of C. watsoni from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - adult individual of C. scabrum from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; G - adult individual of C. scabrum from Lashkargah, Helmand; H - adult individual of C. scabrum from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; I - adult individual of Tenuidactylus caspius from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339113" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6">Fig. 6G</figureCitation>
) from an old building in the middle of downtown; 4 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar (19 May 2009), one juvenile individual ( ) from an old building in the middle of downtown; 4 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar (19 May 2009), one juvenile individual (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Observed species of the Gekkonidae family from Afghanistan: A - subadult individual of Altiphylax levitoni from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; B - juvenile individual of Cyrtopodion scabrum from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C, D - subadult individual of C. agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; E - adult individual of C. watsoni from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - adult individual of C. scabrum from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; G - adult individual of C. scabrum from Lashkargah, Helmand; H - adult individual of C. scabrum from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; I - adult individual of Tenuidactylus caspius from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339113" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6">Fig. 6B</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="BF9F4B450481E9FC13FAAA6E48E8EC55" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Observed species of the Gekkonidae family from Afghanistan: A - subadult individual of Altiphylax levitoni from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; B - juvenile individual of Cyrtopodion scabrum from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C, D - subadult individual of C. agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; E - adult individual of C. watsoni from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - adult individual of C. scabrum from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; G - adult individual of C. scabrum from Lashkargah, Helmand; H - adult individual of C. scabrum from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; I - adult individual of Tenuidactylus caspius from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339113" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
) from the rocky area near buildings. ) from the rocky area near buildings.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks"> <subSubSection id="1416B0D6860B322EB209EC6D5F2CA5E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph> <paragraph id="6D8ABA6C29F06AAEC9EC6ADA56FE0FF9" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="C770CE33D168B3E04187F1B7C975962A" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
Locality 1 in this study represents the first record for Kabul Province. Although other records represent new distribution data, they clearly fall into the known range of the species. This species is listed correctly by Locality 1 in this study represents the first record for Kabul Province. Although other records represent new distribution data, they clearly fall into the known range of the species. This species is listed correctly by
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="ED6BFCBEF4CA38ADC9F2F6ED4E800853" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017)</bibRefCitation>
on p. 24 but incorrectly on p. 26 (bottom photo; on p. 24 but incorrectly on p. 26 (bottom photo;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lashkargāh">Lashkargah</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="5B57A5F80DBA841B8A7AA6F4478319B5" originalValue="Lashkargāh">Lashkargah</normalizedToken>
, Helmand) as &quot; , Helmand) as &quot;
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Tenuidactylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tenuidactylus caspius" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caspius"> <taxonomicName id="FDB105BB86E9A68323ED083B7416720B" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Tenuidactylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tenuidactylus caspius" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caspius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Tenuidactylus caspius</emphasis> <emphasis id="0841C8592515196294227F4FE7163B1E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Tenuidactylus caspius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
&quot; that occurs in northern Afghanistan, but not in Helmand Province. &quot; that occurs in northern Afghanistan, but not in Helmand Province.
</paragraph> </paragraph>

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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412921" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A4F2838F7695C81898DD54DB503BADC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2A4F2838F7695C81898DD54DB503BADC" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <treatment id="2A4F2838F7695C81898DD54DB503BADC" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412921" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A4F2838F7695C81898DD54DB503BADC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2A4F2838F7695C81898DD54DB503BADC" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" scope_class="Reptilia" scope_family="Colubridae" scope_order="Squamata">
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<taxonomicName LSID="2A4F2838F7695C81898DD54DB503BADC" authority="Brandt, 1838" authorityName="Brandt" authorityYear="1838" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Platyceps" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceps karelini" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="karelini">Platyceps karelini (Brandt, 1838)</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="BFA25515D8598C3CF2608CDD0E881C5E" ID-CoL="4JP78" LSID="2A4F2838F7695C81898DD54DB503BADC" authority="Brandt, 1838" authorityName="Brandt" authorityYear="1838" family="Colubridae" genus="Platyceps" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceps karelini" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="karelini">Platyceps karelini (Brandt, 1838)</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph> <paragraph id="BB9EE91CA82F3D4919273156AE0F287C" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph>
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This species has mostly north-western distribution in the country and is currently known from the provinces Badghis, Balkh, Farah, Herat, Jowzjan, Kandahar ( This species has mostly north-western distribution in the country and is currently known from the provinces Badghis, Balkh, Farah, Herat, Jowzjan, Kandahar (
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="0E8C35F77F9246E4637F95028DADD577" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
and see therein for other unmapped records on p. 510). and see therein for other unmapped records on p. 510).
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records.</paragraph> <paragraph id="3631A7922380A84D73EE0F42231B5056" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Camp Marmal, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh (10 October 2018), one subadult individual was found dead on the street of the camp.</paragraph> <paragraph id="99A5AF9F356A05880CB13322C1C23A86" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Camp Marmal, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh (10 October 2018), one subadult individual was found dead on the street of the camp.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph> <paragraph id="B17E3548EA352BA0205158B0483AACCC" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="7E7FD8A867287EFA792C6B1C87D17C56" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
This record confirmed the This record confirmed the
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previously known records from Mazar-i-Sharif and Balkh Province. Therefore, we did not map this record. previously known records from Mazar-i-Sharif and Balkh Province. Therefore, we did not map this record.
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date> <mods:date id="842DFF31E54AFFAC0A4154CD145467A3">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number>32</mods:number> <mods:number id="1CFD0BE49E9B6279707844361B6CAB1A">32</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171</mods:identifier> <mods:identifier id="AAC0E3482ADD0DD844605E76A52C0FA5" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412930" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:308A5284BEE45C2DAA097E24A3CAD5EF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/308A5284BEE45C2DAA097E24A3CAD5EF" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <treatment id="308A5284BEE45C2DAA097E24A3CAD5EF" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412930" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:308A5284BEE45C2DAA097E24A3CAD5EF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/308A5284BEE45C2DAA097E24A3CAD5EF" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" scope_class="Reptilia" scope_family="Lacertidae" scope_order="Squamata">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="nomenclature"> <subSubSection id="D3B08216219AD1F32AAD51761CF5EB9C" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="206B87067C5F66EF9DFDB159DDB7EB42" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<taxonomicName LSID="308A5284BEE45C2DAA097E24A3CAD5EF" authority="Stoliczka, 1872" authorityName="Stoliczka" authorityYear="1872" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Mesalina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mesalina watsonana" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="watsonana">Mesalina watsonana (Stoliczka, 1872)</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="538F82A6D711A872C999307E57FD8DA6" ID-CoL="3ZXMB" LSID="308A5284BEE45C2DAA097E24A3CAD5EF" authority="Stoliczka, 1872" authorityName="Stoliczka" authorityYear="1872" family="Lacertidae" genus="Mesalina" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mesalina watsonana" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="watsonana">Mesalina watsonana (Stoliczka, 1872)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="CC17A94FEA6D5F9B833A699C962098BA" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph> <paragraph id="E2ED96A0ACFA1B9CD89F53712525CB4D" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="65C00937EB8385C0D65B720CA2E3D4B3" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
A common species with several records mainly from south of the Hindu Kush range. It is currently known from the following provinces: Badakhshan, Farah, Ghazni, Ghor, Helmand, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Khost, Logar, Nangarhar, Paktia, Paktika, Parwan, Uruzgan, Wardak and Zabul ( A common species with several records mainly from south of the Hindu Kush range. It is currently known from the following provinces: Badakhshan, Farah, Ghazni, Ghor, Helmand, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Khost, Logar, Nangarhar, Paktia, Paktika, Parwan, Uruzgan, Wardak and Zabul (
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="6A0BB132DC5B5A356BE48775015BE446" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
; ;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.843.29420" author="Jablonski, D" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="129 - 147" refId="B8" refString="Jablonski, D, Urosevic, A, Andjelkovic, M, Dzukic, GD, 2019. An unknown collection of lizards from Afghanistan. ZooKeys 843: 129 - 147" title="An unknown collection of lizards from Afghanistan." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.843.29420" volume="843" year="2019">Jablonski et al. 2019</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="7EB50005C76C4D539DF37C5F699B6B42" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.843.29420" author="Jablonski, D" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="129 - 147" refId="B8" refString="Jablonski, D, Urosevic, A, Andjelkovic, M, Dzukic, GD, 2019. An unknown collection of lizards from Afghanistan. ZooKeys 843: 129 - 147" title="An unknown collection of lizards from Afghanistan." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.843.29420" volume="843" year="2019">Jablonski et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
; ;
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016 and Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex: Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (first country record; cf. Smid et al. 2014). Cyrtopodion scabrum: 1 - Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; 3 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 4 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Cyrtopodion watsoni: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Eremias nigrocellata: Kaldar, Balkh. Eremias persica: 1 - Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; 2 - Waza Kwah, Paktika; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lashkargah, Helmand. Mesalina watsonana: 1 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 2 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339112" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5">Fig. 5</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="F81C58B8FD835A47CC206FCCF7EC6D8D" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016 and Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex: Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (first country record; cf. Smid et al. 2014). Cyrtopodion scabrum: 1 - Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; 3 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 4 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Cyrtopodion watsoni: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Eremias nigrocellata: Kaldar, Balkh. Eremias persica: 1 - Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; 2 - Waza Kwah, Paktika; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lashkargah, Helmand. Mesalina watsonana: 1 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 2 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339112" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Two localities mentioned by ). Two localities mentioned by
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="CC176EA452208A672127CE4EBC79BEC1" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
: &quot; : &quot;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">40 km NE of Kandhar, on Tarnak River (CAS 90757-60</emphasis> <emphasis id="A5D323E6584F3547B4DE410C044E938F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">40 km NE of Kandhar, on Tarnak River (CAS 90757-60</emphasis>
&quot; and &quot; &quot; and &quot;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Mil-Karez, Pol-Mil (MZLU L958/3230)</emphasis> <emphasis id="7368B01EA03638246E4423429B0EB527" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Mil-Karez, Pol-Mil (MZLU L958/3230)</emphasis>
&quot; (p. 498) are not presented with coordinates. Therefore, they are absent from the map. &quot; (p. 498) are not presented with coordinates. Therefore, they are absent from the map.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records"> <subSubSection id="35DABFE9D65A70B4370954C72AF959D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph> <paragraph id="C638C4E072D6D5E8E9732EBB5D491BB8" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="826F2D9FAFF8E43E18A40196ACA673DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
( (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016 and Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex: Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (first country record; cf. Smid et al. 2014). Cyrtopodion scabrum: 1 - Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; 3 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 4 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Cyrtopodion watsoni: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Eremias nigrocellata: Kaldar, Balkh. Eremias persica: 1 - Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; 2 - Waza Kwah, Paktika; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lashkargah, Helmand. Mesalina watsonana: 1 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 2 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339112" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5">Fig. 5</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="BD8A872A98E6D6322172F06BC9CF3345" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016 and Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex: Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (first country record; cf. Smid et al. 2014). Cyrtopodion scabrum: 1 - Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; 3 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 4 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Cyrtopodion watsoni: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Eremias nigrocellata: Kaldar, Balkh. Eremias persica: 1 - Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; 2 - Waza Kwah, Paktika; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lashkargah, Helmand. Mesalina watsonana: 1 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 2 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339112" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). 1 - ). 1 -
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lashkargāh">Lashkargah</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="563D2B5EB3F5341F73D4E253CC3F3200" originalValue="Lashkargāh">Lashkargah</normalizedToken>
, Helmand (3 September 2009), dozens of adult individuals in the semi-desert habitat; 2 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar (22 October 2010), dozens of adult individuals ( , Helmand (3 September 2009), dozens of adult individuals in the semi-desert habitat; 2 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar (22 October 2010), dozens of adult individuals (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Observed species of the Lacertidae family from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of Eremias aff. nigrocellata from Kaldar, Balkh; B - adult male and female of E. persica displaying mating behaviour and juveniles (C, D) from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; E, F - adult male and female of Mesalina watsonana from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339114" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure7">Fig. 7E, F</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="DA537D99694F4B4A7098FFD86A32884F" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Observed species of the Lacertidae family from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of Eremias aff. nigrocellata from Kaldar, Balkh; B - adult male and female of E. persica displaying mating behaviour and juveniles (C, D) from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; E, F - adult male and female of Mesalina watsonana from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339114" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure7">Fig. 7E, F</figureCitation>
) in the semi-desert with bushes near the runway. ) in the semi-desert with bushes near the runway.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks"> <subSubSection id="074B49A31F3D1C7BEF4116EE135D4035" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph> <paragraph id="EA07905A16CA682302474A20187CAC51" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="0305013DB6937681E6383E89FE45B0CE" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
Both records presented here are new locality data with original coordinates. However, they clearly correspond with the known species range in Afghanistan. Both records presented here are new locality data with original coordinates. However, they clearly correspond with the known species range in Afghanistan.
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="E4FBC3AB3F39BC119241E8CE7D97879B" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017)</bibRefCitation>
listed this species as &quot; listed this species as &quot;
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Mesalina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mesalina guttulata" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guttulata"> <taxonomicName id="988DAF2C516B3BE6E1C2149D276D700D" class="Squamata" family="Lacertidae" genus="Mesalina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mesalina guttulata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guttulata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Mesalina guttulata</emphasis> <emphasis id="B5225B0F5BF7DEDCD8B4782EA431BDA1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Mesalina guttulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
&quot; (pp. 30-31). This name was superseded by &quot; (pp. 30-31). This name was superseded by
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. watsonana" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="watsonana"> <taxonomicName id="2E6B3CA5016EAE8B7F46C66887F38983" lsidName="M. watsonana" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="watsonana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">M. watsonana</emphasis> <emphasis id="B7A383CC172CB838CE1C1DB170D25D4C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">M. watsonana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
after being upgraded to full species status from a subspecies of after being upgraded to full species status from a subspecies of
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. guttulata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="guttulata"> <taxonomicName id="E02EC22D560D3E65BB858BC279C0F6C4" lsidName="M. guttulata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="guttulata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">M. guttulata</emphasis> <emphasis id="0534402DA4038D23E2FD61DFEEF40C7B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">M. guttulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
. .
</paragraph> </paragraph>

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<mods:namePart>Bourguignon, Thomas</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="286678DF5DBBEEB1AF4140DFEBDA4E11">Bourguignon, Thomas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal"> <mods:name id="963D017E671367A8FCBC832F607B8013" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart>Roisin, Yves</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="CC6C022F8EED812ECDED403DAF48F158">Roisin, Yves</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title> <mods:title id="D54A8CDF39D3E621B75AC70C2F6BB21B">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part> <mods:part id="C7D89CE5168D86CC91452B84F5339A6E">
<mods:date>2011</mods:date> <mods:date id="4EF52695632313C2E6A261BE840164B5">2011</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume"> <mods:detail id="1241D28F363218AAEA42649C86363648" type="volume">
<mods:number>148</mods:number> <mods:number id="8CBB1DA5065D2C3999D2AE4BC6924BC2">148</mods:number>
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<mods:start>55</mods:start> <mods:start id="20C4D8FA39B9CA029297103CABF014C0">55</mods:start>
<mods:end>103</mods:end> <mods:end id="AA79CAFCC5FA8C78E76111B7D82AF91E">103</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.148.1826</mods:url> <mods:url id="5D5DED4D13F959EF2881CD1161DCA334">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.148.1826</mods:url>
</mods:location> </mods:location>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.148.1826</mods:identifier> <mods:identifier id="8BC6466F849CD7B055EE722D6C92033B" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.148.1826</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-148-55</mods:identifier> <mods:identifier id="B79BE54B72FBBF59C1FEB868F1BCD7A3" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-148-55</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods> </mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032237" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3DD283B02AEA866997182A5C2407DE2C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3DD283B02AEA866997182A5C2407DE2C" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="15" pageNumber="70"> <treatment id="3DD283B02AEA866997182A5C2407DE2C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032237" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3DD283B02AEA866997182A5C2407DE2C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3DD283B02AEA866997182A5C2407DE2C" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" scope_family="Rhinotermitidae" scope_infraOrder="Isoptera">
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="70" type="nomenclature"> <subSubSection id="9B575E33D3D7E6BFD3DF9A50BFB9F45F" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="70"> <paragraph id="35A37FE999826924EC135FE5FB92AE43" pageId="15" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Schedorhinotermes_seclusus" authority="Hill, 1933" authorityName="Hill" authorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes seclusus" order="Blattodea" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seclusus">Schedorhinotermes seclusus (Hill, 1933)</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="605941794CD689FA8CAE747DC67A22D3" ID-CoL="4V6J4" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Schedorhinotermes_seclusus" authority="Hill, 1933" authorityName="Hill" authorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes seclusus" order="Blattodea" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seclusus">Schedorhinotermes seclusus (Hill, 1933)</taxonomicName>
Figs 56-6182 Figs 56-6182
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="70" type="reference_group"> <subSubSection id="D0BAD8A204F83EA88A27FCD6BA5D77C8" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="70"> <paragraph id="205A7AA256C759ACCB678D5D4A7181E7" pageId="15" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhinotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="5C5874DB76B4942C642A54EC255EE579" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhinotermes</taxonomicName>
( (
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schedorhinotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="AA2C4C76D56CDC35319F1F19F1C4D5D8" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schedorhinotermes</taxonomicName>
) intermedius seclusus ) intermedius seclusus
<bibRefCitation author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 16" title="Australian Rhinotermes (Isoptera)." volume="45" year="1933">Hill 1933</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="61CF71AECDA31BF55F04A70831DA13C2" author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 16" title="Australian Rhinotermes (Isoptera)." volume="45" year="1933">Hill 1933</bibRefCitation>
: 5. : 5.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="70"> <paragraph id="45F9DFB55D1B5C78C6C47CC398E8021F" pageId="15" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes intermedius subsp. seclusus" order="Blattodea" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="intermedius" subSpecies="seclusus">Schedorhinotermes intermedius seclusus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="8F58CAB16BDE43AE1109271E017FAC8D" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes intermedius subsp. seclusus" order="Blattodea" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="intermedius" subSpecies="seclusus">Schedorhinotermes intermedius seclusus</taxonomicName>
(Hill). (Hill).
<bibRefCitation author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution, Washington" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Catalog of the Termites (Isoptera) of the World." year="1949">Snyder 1949</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="6FBD08D196AA6ACED4BACF369961DCD0" author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution, Washington" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Catalog of the Termites (Isoptera) of the World." year="1949">Snyder 1949</bibRefCitation>
: 92. : 92.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="70"> <paragraph id="F231236EB1984A053FF7027E181E9C0E" pageId="15" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes seclusus" order="Blattodea" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seclusus">Schedorhinotermes seclusus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="5D103D4B77EEB67E0D0158661563BCDB" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes seclusus" order="Blattodea" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seclusus">Schedorhinotermes seclusus</taxonomicName>
(Hill). (Hill).
<bibRefCitation pageId="15" pageNumber="70">Watson et al. 1998</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="7B063ADE1E2C2FBEC89D0890D3FD4B24" pageId="15" pageNumber="70">Watson et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
: 197. : 197.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" type="material examined"> <subSubSection id="700ED9B4BB487952AEE1BE9C1694FEE3" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="70">Material examined.</paragraph> <paragraph id="FF5CA3E5BE243DD2A383388AD3170EAE" pageId="15" pageNumber="70">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="15" pageNumber="70"> <paragraph id="673FECA1E42FB8370A907CADD9DBFF19" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="15" pageNumber="70">
Lectotype:AUSTRALIA: Queensland: Babinda, 06.i.1925 (G.F. Hill) (NMVA #T-10854). Other material: PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Southern Highlands: Lake Kutubu, 13.x.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1295); Fly: Morehead, 25.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1438); Morehead, 26.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1453); Wipim, 15.viii.1962 (R. Zweifel), witth nymphs (AMNH); Wipim, 30.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1480, 1482); Wipim, 31.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1495); Wipim, 01.iv.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1504); Lake Murray, 22.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1558, 1559, 1560); Lake Murray, 23.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1573 Lectotype:AUSTRALIA: Queensland: Babinda, 06.i.1925 (G.F. Hill) (NMVA #T-10854). Other material: PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Southern Highlands: Lake Kutubu, 13.x.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1295); Fly: Morehead, 25.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1438); Morehead, 26.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1453); Wipim, 15.viii.1962 (R. Zweifel), witth nymphs (AMNH); Wipim, 30.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1480, 1482); Wipim, 31.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1495); Wipim, 01.iv.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1504); Lake Murray, 22.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1558, 1559, 1560); Lake Murray, 23.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1573
<pageBreakToken pageId="16" pageNumber="71" start="start">,</pageBreakToken> <pageBreakToken id="37FA42CB6644A087869AB430C56F4BE7" pageId="16" pageNumber="71" start="start">,</pageBreakToken>
1576); Lake Murray, 24.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1579); Lake Murray, 25.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1596); Lake Murray, 27.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1604); Nomad, 31.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1633). 1576); Lake Murray, 24.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1579); Lake Murray, 25.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1596); Lake Murray, 27.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1604); Nomad, 31.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1633).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<caption pageId="16" pageNumber="71"> <caption id="CA8506AB50B7D8D2E15FF735C8280817" pageId="16" pageNumber="71">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="71"> <paragraph id="3C540FB53B949788A3DE97852C57D1BE" pageId="16" pageNumber="71">
Figures 56-61. Figures 56-61.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes seclusus" order="Blattodea" pageId="16" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seclusus">Schedorhinotermes seclusus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="15018F63D81D0C1D22E3B6D29C3FB6BA" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes seclusus" order="Blattodea" pageId="16" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seclusus">Schedorhinotermes seclusus</taxonomicName>
. Major soldier: 56 head; 58 left mandible; 59 right mandible. Minor soldier: 57 head; 60 left mandible; 61 right mandible. Scale bars: 56, 57: 0.5mm; 58, 59, 60, 61: 0.2mm. . Major soldier: 56 head; 58 left mandible; 59 right mandible. Minor soldier: 57 head; 60 left mandible; 61 right mandible. Scale bars: 56, 57: 0.5mm; 58, 59, 60, 61: 0.2mm.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="71" type="imago"> <subSubSection id="FAF59E21086BBB040507359086B6E735" pageId="16" pageNumber="71" type="imago">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="71">Imago.</paragraph> <paragraph id="1C011F5176530DFF8721475E358052FD" pageId="16" pageNumber="71">Imago.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="71">Unknown.</paragraph> <paragraph id="2EEAE95EDE75D5C304303A0C6A588EB4" pageId="16" pageNumber="71">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="71" type="major soldier"> <subSubSection id="32EA5EEA8486B9EA85B43C2797B49DCE" pageId="16" pageNumber="71" type="major soldier">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="71">Major soldier.</paragraph> <paragraph id="5228E60685C4D443617F30280A367E69" pageId="16" pageNumber="71">Major soldier.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="71">(Figs 56, 58-59) Soldiers of large size. Head covered by about 30 setae. Labrum short and large, not reaching the tip of mandibles. Antennae generally with 17 articles, sometimes with 16 or 18 articles. Pronotum large, covered by about 15 setae principally situated on the edges. Abdomen densely hairy, with 20 to 40 setae per segment. Mandibles moderately curved. Left mandible with the first subsidiary tooth shorter than the second and with a small hump at the base. Right mandible with a slight hump at the base. Measurements (mm) of 1 major soldier from the type colony and 30 major soldiers from 10 colonies (parentheses): HLC: 2.07 (1.82-2.33); HLL: 2.52 (2.24-2.74); HW: 1.96 (1.69-2.05); PW: 1.27 (1.08-1.42); RML: 1.27 (1.00-1.36); mPW: 0.36 (0.22-0.38); T3L: 1.76 (1.43-1.73).</paragraph> <paragraph id="8C1EEA8CFEAAF46E29F9D92B97D693EF" pageId="16" pageNumber="71">(Figs 56, 58-59) Soldiers of large size. Head covered by about 30 setae. Labrum short and large, not reaching the tip of mandibles. Antennae generally with 17 articles, sometimes with 16 or 18 articles. Pronotum large, covered by about 15 setae principally situated on the edges. Abdomen densely hairy, with 20 to 40 setae per segment. Mandibles moderately curved. Left mandible with the first subsidiary tooth shorter than the second and with a small hump at the base. Right mandible with a slight hump at the base. Measurements (mm) of 1 major soldier from the type colony and 30 major soldiers from 10 colonies (parentheses): HLC: 2.07 (1.82-2.33); HLL: 2.52 (2.24-2.74); HW: 1.96 (1.69-2.05); PW: 1.27 (1.08-1.42); RML: 1.27 (1.00-1.36); mPW: 0.36 (0.22-0.38); T3L: 1.76 (1.43-1.73).</paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="16" pageNumber="71" type="minor soldier"> <subSubSection id="0CFA587B38D248D075D4EE41A9BE4D9D" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="16" pageNumber="71" type="minor soldier">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="71">Minor soldier.</paragraph> <paragraph id="56ECBB7A560669DA443CE151B5DAA5CB" pageId="16" pageNumber="71">Minor soldier.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="16" pageNumber="71"> <paragraph id="A26B705D2D9204A2026F66967D1E5715" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="16" pageNumber="71">
(Figs 57, 60-61). Soldiers of large size. Head covered by about 15 setae. Labrum 1.5 times longer than wide, reaching the tip of mandibles. Antennae with 16 articles. Pronotum of large size with about 10 setae on the edges. Abdomen abundantly hairy, with 10 to 15 setae per segment. Large mandibles strongly curved. Measurements (mm) of 1 minor soldier from the type colony and 10 minor soldiers from 10 colonies (parentheses): HLC: 1.11 (1.10-1.41); HLL: 1.52 (1.59-1.97); (Figs 57, 60-61). Soldiers of large size. Head covered by about 15 setae. Labrum 1.5 times longer than wide, reaching the tip of mandibles. Antennae with 16 articles. Pronotum of large size with about 10 setae on the edges. Abdomen abundantly hairy, with 10 to 15 setae per segment. Large mandibles strongly curved. Measurements (mm) of 1 minor soldier from the type colony and 10 minor soldiers from 10 colonies (parentheses): HLC: 1.11 (1.10-1.41); HLL: 1.52 (1.59-1.97);
<pageBreakToken pageId="17" pageNumber="72" start="start">HW</pageBreakToken> <pageBreakToken id="1A7295D150BAA1D277DB09A4A37BE452" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" start="start">HW</pageBreakToken>
: 0.86 (0.95-1.19); PL: 0.44 (0.38-0.48); PW: 0.66 (0.68-0.86); RML: 0.75 (0.79-0.97); MPW: 0.35 (0.34-0.39); T3L: 1.09 (1.01-1.32). : 0.86 (0.95-1.19); PL: 0.44 (0.38-0.48); PW: 0.66 (0.68-0.86); RML: 0.75 (0.79-0.97); MPW: 0.35 (0.34-0.39); T3L: 1.09 (1.01-1.32).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="72" type="comparisons"> <subSubSection id="D9ACA9076B7545EF1D9B5D0B7690D062" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" type="comparisons">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Comparisons.</paragraph> <paragraph id="CD92FB86764CE7EBA679918CF804A2D1" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Comparisons.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="72"> <paragraph id="E4836F066E77FB10BC5981DC80A19646" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">
This species is easily distinguishable from others by its large size and its densely hairy abdomen in the minor and major soldier castes. Minor soldiers are highly variable in size, indicating the likely presence of two developmental subcategories ( This species is easily distinguishable from others by its large size and its densely hairy abdomen in the minor and major soldier castes. Minor soldiers are highly variable in size, indicating the likely presence of two developmental subcategories (
<bibRefCitation author="Miller, LR" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Australian entomological Society" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="235 - 236" title="Trimorphic soldiers in Schedorhinotermes seclusus (Hill) (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) and notes on biology." url="10.1111/j.1440-6055.1987.tb00293.x" volume="26" year="1987">Miller 1987</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="2BD02460892F8942381F800791180DD0" author="Miller, LR" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Australian entomological Society" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="235 - 236" title="Trimorphic soldiers in Schedorhinotermes seclusus (Hill) (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) and notes on biology." url="10.1111/j.1440-6055.1987.tb00293.x" volume="26" year="1987">Miller 1987</bibRefCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="72" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="C2B20A9717289A9059077159A57E2E04" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Distribution.</paragraph> <paragraph id="C7447AF08D51E71BC06D05E6207F36E9" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="72">(Fig. 82). This species is widespread throughout southern Papua New Guinea. It is also known from Queensland, Australia.</paragraph> <paragraph id="A2614F1E67B6104F370F18A1A33C7BC1" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">(Fig. 82). This species is widespread throughout southern Papua New Guinea. It is also known from Queensland, Australia.</paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="72" type="termitophiles"> <subSubSection id="57821E8ADBA3DE7580BF850666EC15A1" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" type="termitophiles">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Termitophiles.</paragraph> <paragraph id="BD8A8FA18DF53F95C38DFF5B6D21ADDC" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Termitophiles.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="72"> <paragraph id="C585EA43C2A104AA475CBC869BCDFD45" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">
Three species of Three species of
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" rank="tribe" tribe="Trichopseniini">Trichopseniini</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="34605840BA6E9A3192FAF67219F2DD45" lsidName="" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" rank="tribe" tribe="Trichopseniini">Trichopseniini</taxonomicName>
( (
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Coleoptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coleoptera" order="Malvales" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Coleoptera</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="749480E933E139042B9B9A09820F07C3" genus="Coleoptera" lsidName="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" rank="genus">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
, ,
<taxonomicName family="Staphylinidae" lsidName="" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" rank="family">Staphylinidae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="64BD6CB444634C907BD6ABCABF38E2DD" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Staphylinidae</taxonomicName>
, ,
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aleocharinae">Aleocharinae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="4832DDFBFE970B59A70E2FE7A9EAF582" lsidName="" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aleocharinae">Aleocharinae</taxonomicName>
) were reported by ) were reported by
<bibRefCitation author="Bourguignon, T" journalOrPublisher="Insect Systematics and Evolution" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="405 - 425" title="Taxonomy, distribution and host specificity of the termitophile tribe Trichopseniini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) in New Guinea and adjacent islands." url="10.1163/187631207794760967" volume="38" year="2007">Bourguignon et al. (2007)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="3E878BC49ADF7ED84E53A301B98DE1CB" author="Bourguignon, T" journalOrPublisher="Insect Systematics and Evolution" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="405 - 425" title="Taxonomy, distribution and host specificity of the termitophile tribe Trichopseniini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) in New Guinea and adjacent islands." url="10.1163/187631207794760967" volume="38" year="2007">Bourguignon et al. (2007)</bibRefCitation>
: :
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedolimulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedolimulus seclusi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seclusi">Schedolimulus seclusi</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="E706EBA7172377A78BB2506F5FAE023E" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedolimulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedolimulus seclusi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seclusi">Schedolimulus seclusi</taxonomicName>
, ,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedolimulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedolimulus planus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Schedolimulus planus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="151F77C182BB2B05A8FE1322E1E706D6" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedolimulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedolimulus planus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Schedolimulus planus</taxonomicName>
and and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Papuapsenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Papuapsenius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">Papuapsenius magnus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="BAC59DC06B9B76AB570F4E19C7872EE3" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Papuapsenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Papuapsenius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">Papuapsenius magnus</taxonomicName>
. .
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>

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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032250" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3DEC0115080DC3319BFF0E247EAA6667" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3DEC0115080DC3319BFF0E247EAA6667" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="5" pageNumber="60"> <treatment id="3DEC0115080DC3319BFF0E247EAA6667" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032250" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3DEC0115080DC3319BFF0E247EAA6667" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3DEC0115080DC3319BFF0E247EAA6667" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" scope_family="Rhinotermitidae" scope_infraOrder="Isoptera">
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="60" type="nomenclature"> <subSubSection id="6EE0170B8AD55257CDDECE344AA6889F" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="60"> <paragraph id="46B1B7688EF682EBAD3DC9C4325E1DDD" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Coptotermes_remotus" authority="Hill, 1927" authorityName="Hill" authorityYear="1927" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes remotus" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remotus">Coptotermes remotus Hill, 1927</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="D8BB64696E583429B9FDBEFB31ED0E50" ID-CoL="Y8K5" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Coptotermes_remotus" authority="Hill, 1927" authorityName="Hill" authorityYear="1927" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes remotus" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remotus">Coptotermes remotus Hill, 1927</taxonomicName>
Figs 10-1531 Figs 10-1531
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="60" type="reference_group"> <subSubSection id="D19F3517958688E5BA3A513D4E16DE22" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="60"> <paragraph id="97821B308C81A81153CA5914BFF13EAE" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes remotus" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remotus">Coptotermes remotus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="F907589642509EF8D2957F9E5E6A4E9C" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes remotus" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remotus">Coptotermes remotus</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the National Museum, Melbourne" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="5 - 120" title="Termites from the Australian region - Part I." volume="7" year="1927">Hill 1927</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="3EF24FBA050ED0B0F345891EE7B3EDFA" author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the National Museum, Melbourne" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="5 - 120" title="Termites from the Australian region - Part I." volume="7" year="1927">Hill 1927</bibRefCitation>
: 16. : 16.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="60" type="material examined"> <subSubSection id="05EFFF8E36680CACD085009C6E23B4B8" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Material examined.</paragraph> <paragraph id="9CE0DFF87BAF26FB1C2C5BCEF6C89EF9" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="60"> <paragraph id="DA241066602A6FE739DC1F8D1CAAAF36" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
Syntypes:PAPUA NEW GUINEA: New Ireland: Kavieng (as Kaewieng), 4.x.1923 (H.G. Wallace) (NMVA T-18703, T-18704). Other material: PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Madang: Hansa Point, 08.vii.1984 (YR) (#PNGT719); Awar, 11.ix.1984 (YR) (#PNGT828); Nubia, 17.ii.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1154); Potsdam plantation, 22.xi.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1333); Hatzfeldhafen, 25.viii.1984 (YR) (#PNGT795); Baitabag, 17.x.1999 (L. Syntypes:PAPUA NEW GUINEA: New Ireland: Kavieng (as Kaewieng), 4.x.1923 (H.G. Wallace) (NMVA T-18703, T-18704). Other material: PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Madang: Hansa Point, 08.vii.1984 (YR) (#PNGT719); Awar, 11.ix.1984 (YR) (#PNGT828); Nubia, 17.ii.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1154); Potsdam plantation, 22.xi.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1333); Hatzfeldhafen, 25.viii.1984 (YR) (#PNGT795); Baitabag, 17.x.1999 (L.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Čižek">Cizek</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="6A33230E1A28743E963985CF49A33E53" originalValue="Čižek">Cizek</normalizedToken>
) (#1, J. ) (#1, J.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Šobotník’s">Sobotnik's</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="E31628905EEF3FBFA0BCF0E7B265FD9D" originalValue="Šobotník’s">Sobotnik's</normalizedToken>
collection);Sandaun: Yapsiei, 10-11.iii.1994 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1735, 1744). Central: Sirinumu Dam, 7.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT923); Fly: Lake Murray, 23.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1569). INDONESIA:Papua: Pusppenssat-IrJa, 13.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT6, 10, 12); Pusppenssat-IrJa, 19.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT84, 85); Pusppenssat-IrJa, 30.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT207); Road Nabire-Mapia km 43, 15.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT40, 41); Road Nabire-Mapia km 43, 26.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT169, 170); Road Nabire-Mapia km 62, 18.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT74, 75); Topo, 28.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT189); Sanoba, 29.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT195); Coa, 22.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT131): Kaimana, 23.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT141). Samples included with doubt: PAPUA NEW GUINEA:East Sepik: Koil Island, 17.vi.1981 (JMP) (#PNGT75); Madang: Hansa Point, 23.ix.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1281). collection);Sandaun: Yapsiei, 10-11.iii.1994 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1735, 1744). Central: Sirinumu Dam, 7.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT923); Fly: Lake Murray, 23.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1569). INDONESIA:Papua: Pusppenssat-IrJa, 13.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT6, 10, 12); Pusppenssat-IrJa, 19.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT84, 85); Pusppenssat-IrJa, 30.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT207); Road Nabire-Mapia km 43, 15.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT40, 41); Road Nabire-Mapia km 43, 26.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT169, 170); Road Nabire-Mapia km 62, 18.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT74, 75); Topo, 28.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT189); Sanoba, 29.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT195); Coa, 22.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT131): Kaimana, 23.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT141). Samples included with doubt: PAPUA NEW GUINEA:East Sepik: Koil Island, 17.vi.1981 (JMP) (#PNGT75); Madang: Hansa Point, 23.ix.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1281).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="60"> <caption id="0CCF856E5E8F87E4801351E44DC5A33A" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="60"> <paragraph id="EEDA228086B44CD024B7C6AC76B418EA" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
Figures 10-15. Figures 10-15.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes remotus" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remotus">Coptotermes remotus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="BD41ECB7347DDD8D9A0D13C03210BFEA" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes remotus" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remotus">Coptotermes remotus</taxonomicName>
. Imago: 10 head; 11 pronotum. Soldier: 12 head; 13 pronotum; 14 left mandible; 15 right mandible. Scale bars: 10, 12: 0.5mm; 11, 13, 14, 15: 0.2mm. . Imago: 10 head; 11 pronotum. Soldier: 12 head; 13 pronotum; 14 left mandible; 15 right mandible. Scale bars: 10, 12: 0.5mm; 11, 13, 14, 15: 0.2mm.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" type="imago"> <subSubSection id="DB1AC3B08CECF0EB612A39CAD0887510" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" type="imago">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Imago.</paragraph> <paragraph id="A49F4D80B678FCE496D74E97CEA664AE" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Imago.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="5" pageNumber="60"> <paragraph id="572802B9018BEB34BFE6B60E8D4E90AD" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
(Figs 10-11).Head densely hairy. Pronotum with many medium and large setae. Antennae with 17 articles. Measurements (mm) of 6 imagoes from 1 colony: (Figs 10-11).Head densely hairy. Pronotum with many medium and large setae. Antennae with 17 articles. Measurements (mm) of 6 imagoes from 1 colony:
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="61" start="start">TBL</pageBreakToken> <pageBreakToken id="332287817638583A9A02B6B061EA577E" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" start="start">TBL</pageBreakToken>
: 5.75-6.39; HLC: 1.09-1.18; HWE: 1.30-1.38; PL: 0.57-0.73; PW: 0.97-1.08; FWL: 9.92-11.09; ED: 0.33-0.44. : 5.75-6.39; HLC: 1.09-1.18; HWE: 1.30-1.38; PL: 0.57-0.73; PW: 0.97-1.08; FWL: 9.92-11.09; ED: 0.33-0.44.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="61" type="soldier"> <subSubSection id="3CEEBEC47C299937F5E876AF5354D8E3" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" type="soldier">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Soldier.</paragraph> <paragraph id="41C1447591B906DDE01EAE9D18695580" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Soldier.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="61">(Figs 12-15). Soldiers of small size. Head slightly longer than broad, covered by about 20 setae. Fontanelle with opening directed forward, not visible from above. Antennae generally with 14 articles, but occasionally with only 13 articles. Pronotum larger anteriorly than posteriorly, trapezoid-shaped, covered by about 50 setae. Mandibles with tips extremely curved. Right mandible with four serrations. Measurements (mm) of 5 soldiers from the type colony and 72 soldiers from 24 colonies (parentheses): HLF: 1.11-1.19 (1.01-1.29); HLL: 1.45-1.56 (1.23-1.63); HW: 1.00-1.04 (0.83-1.11); PL: 0.36-0.39 (0.29-0.46); PW: 0.67-0.70 (0.59-0.78); RML: 0.78-0.83 (0.69-0.85); MPW: 0.28-0.31 (0.26-0.38); T3L: 0.83-0.89 (0.68-0.99).</paragraph> <paragraph id="05693BDF4747492D9D1C9EA92D5BE64F" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">(Figs 12-15). Soldiers of small size. Head slightly longer than broad, covered by about 20 setae. Fontanelle with opening directed forward, not visible from above. Antennae generally with 14 articles, but occasionally with only 13 articles. Pronotum larger anteriorly than posteriorly, trapezoid-shaped, covered by about 50 setae. Mandibles with tips extremely curved. Right mandible with four serrations. Measurements (mm) of 5 soldiers from the type colony and 72 soldiers from 24 colonies (parentheses): HLF: 1.11-1.19 (1.01-1.29); HLL: 1.45-1.56 (1.23-1.63); HW: 1.00-1.04 (0.83-1.11); PL: 0.36-0.39 (0.29-0.46); PW: 0.67-0.70 (0.59-0.78); RML: 0.78-0.83 (0.69-0.85); MPW: 0.28-0.31 (0.26-0.38); T3L: 0.83-0.89 (0.68-0.99).</paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="61" type="comparisons"> <subSubSection id="BE179F17F3C1A1B43DE3137514AC28DD" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" type="comparisons">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Comparisons.</paragraph> <paragraph id="430F7C72D7577112D210877D18E3BD61" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Comparisons.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="61"> <paragraph id="9352CF1BA17074DA7C5CAE1123F9B3A3" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
This species shows variation in size along its distribution range although no consistent characters allowed us to split it up. This species shows variation in size along its distribution range although no consistent characters allowed us to split it up.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes remotus" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remotus">Coptotermes remotus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="993BDFB98EC77AC3EE96F4E8817043B8" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes remotus" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remotus">Coptotermes remotus</taxonomicName>
most resembles the Australian species most resembles the Australian species
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes lacteus" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacteus">Coptotermes lacteus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="50155A2894C58633120EC940A0256F97" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes lacteus" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacteus">Coptotermes lacteus</taxonomicName>
and the Malayan ones and the Malayan ones
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes bentongensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bentongensis">Coptotermes bentongensis</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="B09885444F0AA514E172AD9C28D66A78" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes bentongensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bentongensis">Coptotermes bentongensis</taxonomicName>
and and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes sepangensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sepangensis">Coptotermes sepangensis</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="096949D0A42BF10AB9256D07FE59E313" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes sepangensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sepangensis">Coptotermes sepangensis</taxonomicName>
. These last two species occur in sympatry and are morphologically undistinguishable, making them probable synonyms. Soldiers of . These last two species occur in sympatry and are morphologically undistinguishable, making them probable synonyms. Soldiers of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes remotus" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remotus">Coptotermes remotus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="A887F56956A579EEA303F8FBFC868DA9" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes remotus" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remotus">Coptotermes remotus</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from other New Guinean species by their small size and mandibles curved at the tip. can be distinguished from other New Guinean species by their small size and mandibles curved at the tip.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="61" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="FAA6E68FF70216AB629FBED58ADC8AE3" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Distribution.</paragraph> <paragraph id="858E8EC4EC36596546EF81D557D2888C" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="61"> <paragraph id="625A77BF872823FB067206C3D1E1B917" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
This species, originally described from Kavieng, New Ireland, is widespread throughout New Guinean forests. It is abundant in the This species, originally described from Kavieng, New Ireland, is widespread throughout New Guinean forests. It is abundant in the
<normalizedToken originalValue="bird’s">bird's</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="47566D50CC02DBE9E7C88BDF8484D671" originalValue="bird’s">bird's</normalizedToken>
neck area of Indonesian Papua, but only a few specimens were collected from Papua New Guinea (Fig. 31). neck area of Indonesian Papua, but only a few specimens were collected from Papua New Guinea (Fig. 31).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="termitophiles"> <subSubSection id="1CBF38AF567D99D62AC81E1A333DFEFA" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="termitophiles">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="62"> <paragraph id="1C3588962F856C14D0BAD9CB354CE8E4" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="62" start="start">Termitophiles</pageBreakToken> <pageBreakToken id="FC22DAB9A16BBCFFC1BCFB9AC0C35BBC" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" start="start">Termitophiles</pageBreakToken>
. .
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="62"> <paragraph id="77F2321FC79317DD2BE0E9032F82077C" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Coptophysella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptophysella pulposa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulposa">Coptophysella pulposa</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="D0221927B0283A177D3BB1BEF52003E1" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Coptophysella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptophysella pulposa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulposa">Coptophysella pulposa</taxonomicName>
( (
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Coleoptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coleoptera" order="Malvales" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Coleoptera</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="CD44EA33CBE9AAA727C5F5D3C32B31E6" genus="Coleoptera" lsidName="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" rank="genus">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
: :
<taxonomicName family="Staphylinidae" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" rank="family">Staphylinidae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="C5F2D6671C1D5CEC52A2B8407E1E3F1F" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Staphylinidae</taxonomicName>
) was found in colony #PNGT795 of this species in Hatzfeldthafen ( ) was found in colony #PNGT795 of this species in Hatzfeldthafen (
<bibRefCitation author="Roisin, Y" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique (Entomologie)" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="179 - 184" title="Coptophysa and Coptophysella, two new genera of physogastric termitophilous staphylinids associated with Coptotermes in Papua New Guinea (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)." volume="60" year="1990">Roisin and Pasteels 1990</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="4CBB577513C6DBC3BDED6B37980467DB" author="Roisin, Y" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique (Entomologie)" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="179 - 184" title="Coptophysa and Coptophysella, two new genera of physogastric termitophilous staphylinids associated with Coptotermes in Papua New Guinea (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)." volume="60" year="1990">Roisin and Pasteels 1990</bibRefCitation>
). A possibly new species of ). A possibly new species of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Coptophysella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptophysella" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coptophysella</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="6AFBF98C6100B9FB5DE6C2E9A5DD5528" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Coptophysella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptophysella" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coptophysella</taxonomicName>
was also found in colony #IRJT12 in was also found in colony #IRJT12 in
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pusppenssat–IrJa">Pusppenssat-IrJa</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="3A720CF7435BD2AB6C68B268C23F94F9" originalValue="Pusppenssat–IrJa">Pusppenssat-IrJa</normalizedToken>
(new record). (new record).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>

96
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032244" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4A2D97E9D5D67D5B9D7E1E123FD883B0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4A2D97E9D5D67D5B9D7E1E123FD883B0" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="10" pageNumber="65"> <treatment id="4A2D97E9D5D67D5B9D7E1E123FD883B0" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032244" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4A2D97E9D5D67D5B9D7E1E123FD883B0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4A2D97E9D5D67D5B9D7E1E123FD883B0" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" scope_family="Rhinotermitidae" scope_infraOrder="Isoptera">
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="nomenclature"> <subSubSection id="32FD004561E3DC5BCD7A027F8BCA6690" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65"> <paragraph id="97459FFCF7FE6A3C73731B5A1CD7CE2E" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">
Genus Genus
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Genus_Heterotermes" authority="Froggatt, 1897" authorityName="Froggatt" authorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Heterotermes Froggatt, 1897</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="AE2A71A41CDCEEF6FA245AAA3AD30D3D" ID-CoL="8NQ8G" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Genus_Heterotermes" authority="Froggatt, 1897" authorityName="Froggatt" authorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Heterotermes Froggatt, 1897</taxonomicName>
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="reference_group"> <subSubSection id="17935733829257C5D5156D2D90C4ED9E" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65"> <paragraph id="87DE7AE465A1D2827939FA4423649B91" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Heterotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="1EC88B95D0407B694B5416A19E18818E" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Heterotermes</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Froggatt, WW" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="510 - 552" title="Australian Termitidae. Part II." volume="21" year="1897">Froggatt 1897</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="DAB2183ABA887CDA5B21BDB7A660800B" author="Froggatt, WW" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="510 - 552" title="Australian Termitidae. Part II." volume="21" year="1897">Froggatt 1897</bibRefCitation>
: 518. : 518.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="type species"> <subSubSection id="59CA650B2AD010C5435F757BC1D1FAA9" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="type species">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Type species.</paragraph> <paragraph id="3CDD4A27AE8E9955F40714EC11EC2D6B" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65"> <paragraph id="2A223542FE5D79F4A6EB7C2EEDA478BF" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes platycephalus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="platycephalus">Heterotermes platycephalus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="54F73B6902436D9583D0CB3E2D9E0158" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes platycephalus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="platycephalus">Heterotermes platycephalus</taxonomicName>
Froggatt, 1897, by monotypy. Froggatt, 1897, by monotypy.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="diagnosis"> <subSubSection id="AF9667E1AB295765B8F6E42E401C40E3" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Diagnosis.</paragraph> <paragraph id="2BB2B5115682CABE0D19460759A66487" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Imago head roughly oval, narrower anteriorly than posteriorly. Fontanelle small, located in the middle of the head. Eyes small and flat. Ocelli situated in front of the head, before eyes. Antennae generally with 15 to 19 articles. Pronotum elongated, narrower than head. Soldier head long and narrow, rectangular-shaped. Fontanelle small, circular, situated forward. Labrum short to medium-sized, about half as long as mandibles. Mandibles sabre-shaped, slightly curved at tips. Left mandible with a tooth and some serrations at the base. Right mandible without basal tooth and serrations. Antennae with 13 to 18 articles.</paragraph> <paragraph id="AF1B5C85B12CC7782FE78D2B575F9644" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Imago head roughly oval, narrower anteriorly than posteriorly. Fontanelle small, located in the middle of the head. Eyes small and flat. Ocelli situated in front of the head, before eyes. Antennae generally with 15 to 19 articles. Pronotum elongated, narrower than head. Soldier head long and narrow, rectangular-shaped. Fontanelle small, circular, situated forward. Labrum short to medium-sized, about half as long as mandibles. Mandibles sabre-shaped, slightly curved at tips. Left mandible with a tooth and some serrations at the base. Right mandible without basal tooth and serrations. Antennae with 13 to 18 articles.</paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="A1406B054E7F678E4DE3265B28158E19" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Distribution.</paragraph> <paragraph id="36BAC5BC68997B11ACC10149D0FC0809" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65"> <paragraph id="DFBC0D767ED14F78553A4FBE6328FBEF" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">
Most species of Most species of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Heterotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="7E7E0CF8C76B1F3A0F489E5B76B3B427" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Heterotermes</taxonomicName>
are tropical ( are tropical (
<bibRefCitation author="Emerson, AE" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="243 - 304" title="Tertiary fossil species of the Rhinotermitidae (Isoptera), phylogeny of genera, and reciprocal phylogeny of associated Flagellata (Protozoa) and the Staphylinidae (Coleoptera)." volume="146" year="1971">Emerson 1971</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="4A999F5CA978E6C135E4D3E20096200B" author="Emerson, AE" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="243 - 304" title="Tertiary fossil species of the Rhinotermitidae (Isoptera), phylogeny of genera, and reciprocal phylogeny of associated Flagellata (Protozoa) and the Staphylinidae (Coleoptera)." volume="146" year="1971">Emerson 1971</bibRefCitation>
). This genus was known from the Neotropics, northern Africa, Asia (from the Arabic peninsula to Indonesia), and Australia, occurring from humid forests to desert edges. Here, we extend its known distribution to southern New Guinea. ). This genus was known from the Neotropics, northern Africa, Asia (from the Arabic peninsula to Indonesia), and Australia, occurring from humid forests to desert edges. Here, we extend its known distribution to southern New Guinea.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>

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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032233" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4D3C52ECB7CA810603904A9B76CBF800" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4D3C52ECB7CA810603904A9B76CBF800" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="27" pageNumber="82"> <treatment id="4D3C52ECB7CA810603904A9B76CBF800" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032233" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4D3C52ECB7CA810603904A9B76CBF800" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4D3C52ECB7CA810603904A9B76CBF800" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" scope_family="Rhinotermitidae" scope_infraOrder="Isoptera">
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="82" type="nomenclature"> <subSubSection id="9CCB1F13A1F1C783F8D2734D74B259DA" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="82"> <paragraph id="0AB15F5C218112386BA5FAE3D89E20A7" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Termitogeton_planus" authority="Haviland, 1898" authorityName="Haviland" authorityYear="1898" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton planus" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Termitogeton planus (Haviland, 1898)</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="2EBC8006950796FC64F8C6B4452AB02B" ID-CoL="55GQL" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Termitogeton_planus" authority="Haviland, 1898" authorityName="Haviland" authorityYear="1898" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton planus" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Termitogeton planus (Haviland, 1898)</taxonomicName>
Figs 8893 Figs 8893
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="82" type="reference_group"> <subSubSection id="2E9F0E609657C7D3A4D7AAFFB5D74BEE" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="82"> <paragraph id="2069C27BD91133E55D2193DC9026CE2A" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes planus" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Termes planus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="BC1A73D42227B07756CE24025103428C" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes planus" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Termes planus</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Haviland, GD" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Linnean Society (Zoology)" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="358 - 442" title="Observations on termites; with descriptions of new species." url="10.1111/j.1096-3642.1898.tb00405.x" volume="26" year="1898">Haviland 1898</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="A311E5E0BD68B2E889E7164BC136B81B" author="Haviland, GD" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Linnean Society (Zoology)" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="358 - 442" title="Observations on termites; with descriptions of new species." url="10.1111/j.1096-3642.1898.tb00405.x" volume="26" year="1898">Haviland 1898</bibRefCitation>
: 397. : 397.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="82"> <paragraph id="665803F91E367A911CB7003A0E31E3E3" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="5DF55ED418A15A1235FA36E5919D9E46" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termes</taxonomicName>
( (
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termitogeton</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="372B3C10CCAD1FE6F07AF467DDA69623" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termitogeton</taxonomicName>
) planus Haviland. ) planus Haviland.
<bibRefCitation author="Desneux, J" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="372 - 378" title="Remarques critiques sur la phylogenie et la division systematique des termites (reponse a M. Wasmann)." volume="48" year="1904 a">Desneux 1904a</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="DEBBE4D538D31B57B5220AF3A2ED56CA" author="Desneux, J" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="372 - 378" title="Remarques critiques sur la phylogenie et la division systematique des termites (reponse a M. Wasmann)." volume="48" year="1904 a">Desneux 1904a</bibRefCitation>
: 373-374. : 373-374.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="82"> <paragraph id="AC0B2091A8B47ABD8087B26B4534FDCF" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton planus" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Termitogeton planus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="F24A08B874FB0019D8E53D9B33C53DA4" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton planus" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Termitogeton planus</taxonomicName>
(Haviland). (Haviland).
<bibRefCitation author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 88" title="Termitenstudien. 2. Systematik der Termiten. Die familien Mastotermitidae, Protermitidae and Mesotermitidae." volume="46" year="1911 b">Holmgren 1911b</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="5C85A2AAC97D48FC7988C3FF5A808A15" author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 88" title="Termitenstudien. 2. Systematik der Termiten. Die familien Mastotermitidae, Protermitidae and Mesotermitidae." volume="46" year="1911 b">Holmgren 1911b</bibRefCitation>
: 75. : 75.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="82" type="material examined"> <subSubSection id="B9AFECA0668426C7F8B60D1D40A38B8A" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="82">Material examined.</paragraph> <paragraph id="1DA14AB69250C43FED034A75AA4B3629" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="82"> <paragraph id="7C0980FEAFD29572571B6D07D1A221C5" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">
Syntypes: MALAYSIA:Sarawak: Santubong, 16.ix.1894 (G.D. Haviland) (type No. 164, CUMZ, collection data from Syntypes: MALAYSIA:Sarawak: Santubong, 16.ix.1894 (G.D. Haviland) (type No. 164, CUMZ, collection data from
<bibRefCitation author="Harris, WV" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="11 - 17" title="Type localities of the Isoptera described by Haviland." url="10.1111/j.1095-8312.1966.tb00947.x" volume="177" year="1966">Harris 1966</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="224FA7B72F914EF25507236A8CC3FFA0" author="Harris, WV" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="11 - 17" title="Type localities of the Isoptera described by Haviland." url="10.1111/j.1095-8312.1966.tb00947.x" volume="177" year="1966">Harris 1966</bibRefCitation>
). Other material:INDONESIA: Papua:Pusppenssat-IrJa (YR): 13.xi.1995 (#IRJT23, in large log on the ground, with alates); 14.xi.1995 (#IRJT26, in large rotten red wood log, with nymphs; #IRJT29); 16.xi.1995 (#IRJT60, small colony with queen); 25.xi.1995 (#IRJT155, 156, 157); 30.xi.1995 (#IRJT202, large colony with alates, nymphs, one neotenic reproductive, in standing dead tree, hard red wood): 01.xii.1995 (#IRJT214, with queen and neotenic reproductives; #IRJT215, 216); Road Nabire-Mapia km 43, 26.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT173, 174, in hard red wood). Several of the Indonesian samples mentioned above, then identified as ). Other material:INDONESIA: Papua:Pusppenssat-IrJa (YR): 13.xi.1995 (#IRJT23, in large log on the ground, with alates); 14.xi.1995 (#IRJT26, in large rotten red wood log, with nymphs; #IRJT29); 16.xi.1995 (#IRJT60, small colony with queen); 25.xi.1995 (#IRJT155, 156, 157); 30.xi.1995 (#IRJT202, large colony with alates, nymphs, one neotenic reproductive, in standing dead tree, hard red wood): 01.xii.1995 (#IRJT214, with queen and neotenic reproductives; #IRJT215, 216); Road Nabire-Mapia km 43, 26.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT173, 174, in hard red wood). Several of the Indonesian samples mentioned above, then identified as
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termitogeton</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="B572C687CFCD616863D8CD75F5504B09" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termitogeton</taxonomicName>
nr. planus, were previously used in a study of caste patterns (Parmentier &amp; Roisin 2003). nr. planus, were previously used in a study of caste patterns (Parmentier &amp; Roisin 2003).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<caption pageId="27" pageNumber="82"> <caption id="98D003D460CDB66FB4D7F28466C491C5" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="82"> <paragraph id="E2EC952D8269ABD25B1A0746E86FF152" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">
Figures 88-92. Figures 88-92.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton planus" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Termitogeton planus.</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="451FDDCB0FC28A135694902B582AA5FA" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton planus" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Termitogeton planus.</taxonomicName>
Soldier: 88 head and pronotum in dorsal view; 89 head in lateral view; 91 left mandible; 92 right mandible. Imago: 90 head, pro- and mesonotum. Scale bars: 88, 89: 0.5mm; 90, 91, 92: 0.2mm. Soldier: 88 head and pronotum in dorsal view; 89 head in lateral view; 91 left mandible; 92 right mandible. Imago: 90 head, pro- and mesonotum. Scale bars: 88, 89: 0.5mm; 90, 91, 92: 0.2mm.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
<caption pageId="27" pageNumber="82"> <caption id="8B45681E2E31F34AC19DED5BEAC4C8BD" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="82"> <paragraph id="985AA774346A075AA5E55D46D716990E" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">
Figure 93. Known distribution in New Guinea of: ∗ Figure 93. Known distribution in New Guinea of: ∗
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Prorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prorhinotermes inopinatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inopinatus">Prorhinotermes inopinatus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="0508AEB7DED23A753DDF02CB40DEEF61" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Prorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prorhinotermes inopinatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inopinatus">Prorhinotermes inopinatus</taxonomicName>
; ◆ ; ◆
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton planus" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Termitogeton planus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="C531493586071AF9A7A3FBEEB839B595" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton planus" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Termitogeton planus</taxonomicName>
. .
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="82" type="imago"> <subSubSection id="796322854CA2839F4E3FD624E2E48228" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" type="imago">
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="82">Imago.</paragraph> <paragraph id="514AEA7E7928F6FA8E81ED302420B348" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">Imago.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="82">(Fig. 90). Very small. Overall body covered by many small setae. Head narrower anteriorly than posteriorly, heart-shaped. Large eyes. Ocelli in front of eyes. Antennae generally with 9 to 15 articles. Pronotum approximately half as broad as head, with a small projection forward. Measurements (mm) of 4 imagoes from the type colony and 10 imagoes from 2 colonies (parentheses): TBL: 3.23-3.94 (3.19-3.94); HLC: 0.59-0.63 (0.59-0.70); HWE: 0.82-0.85 (0.85-0.93); PL: 0.27-0.28 (0.28-0.30); PW: 0.39-0.45 (0.43-0.51); FWL: n.a. (4.93-5.23); ED: 0.14-0.18 (0.18-0.23).</paragraph> <paragraph id="A410A23C712F21545C2F819E5859A6AE" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">(Fig. 90). Very small. Overall body covered by many small setae. Head narrower anteriorly than posteriorly, heart-shaped. Large eyes. Ocelli in front of eyes. Antennae generally with 9 to 15 articles. Pronotum approximately half as broad as head, with a small projection forward. Measurements (mm) of 4 imagoes from the type colony and 10 imagoes from 2 colonies (parentheses): TBL: 3.23-3.94 (3.19-3.94); HLC: 0.59-0.63 (0.59-0.70); HWE: 0.82-0.85 (0.85-0.93); PL: 0.27-0.28 (0.28-0.30); PW: 0.39-0.45 (0.43-0.51); FWL: n.a. (4.93-5.23); ED: 0.14-0.18 (0.18-0.23).</paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="82" type="soldier"> <subSubSection id="A3B07F420AB8BDD2ECB993C2F979EB59" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" type="soldier">
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="82">Soldier.</paragraph> <paragraph id="D04311AD28C25BFAAC5AD05A40EE8A13" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">Soldier.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="82">(Figs 88-89, 91-92). Overall body covered by many small setae. Head heart-shaped. Labrum elongated, pointed at the tip, narrow at the basis, broadest apical one-third. Antennae with 11 to 15 articles. Pronotum half as broad as head, elongated anteriorly in the middle. Mandibles short, without marginal teeth, slightly curved at tip. Measurements (mm) 4 soldiers from the type colony and 32 soldiers from 8 colonies (parentheses): HLC: 1.16-1.27 (1.10-1.37); HW: 1.21-1.31 (1.12-1.48); PW: 0.51-0.55 (0.45-0.58); LML: 0.71-0.73 (0.75-0.86); PML: 0.87-0.94 (0.77-0.97); mPW: 0.10-0.13 (0.11-0.15); T3L: 0.58-0.62 (0.51-0.65).</paragraph> <paragraph id="10399A74D805C27E02B21BBD1C65C1D1" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">(Figs 88-89, 91-92). Overall body covered by many small setae. Head heart-shaped. Labrum elongated, pointed at the tip, narrow at the basis, broadest apical one-third. Antennae with 11 to 15 articles. Pronotum half as broad as head, elongated anteriorly in the middle. Mandibles short, without marginal teeth, slightly curved at tip. Measurements (mm) 4 soldiers from the type colony and 32 soldiers from 8 colonies (parentheses): HLC: 1.16-1.27 (1.10-1.37); HW: 1.21-1.31 (1.12-1.48); PW: 0.51-0.55 (0.45-0.58); LML: 0.71-0.73 (0.75-0.86); PML: 0.87-0.94 (0.77-0.97); mPW: 0.10-0.13 (0.11-0.15); T3L: 0.58-0.62 (0.51-0.65).</paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="928FBEC860F0EC6AABD0889C0A42D4DE" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="82">Distribution.</paragraph> <paragraph id="DFF2057D03CBDD9BAAAFC75B32BBC3E8" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="82"> <paragraph id="BFD6CB90541FCB8E1A2E5AFF52B613D1" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">
(Fig. 93).In New Guinea, this species was only collected in the (Fig. 93).In New Guinea, this species was only collected in the
<normalizedToken originalValue="bird’s">bird's</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="10E4CA1B0583FBEC404E540CD611BD1A" originalValue="bird’s">bird's</normalizedToken>
neck area (western Indonesian Papua). Originally described from from Sarawak ( neck area (western Indonesian Papua). Originally described from from Sarawak (
<bibRefCitation author="Haviland, GD" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Linnean Society (Zoology)" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="358 - 442" title="Observations on termites; with descriptions of new species." url="10.1111/j.1096-3642.1898.tb00405.x" volume="26" year="1898">Haviland 1898</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="D6899CB9683F5783617420AC4D54FB60" author="Haviland, GD" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Linnean Society (Zoology)" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="358 - 442" title="Observations on termites; with descriptions of new species." url="10.1111/j.1096-3642.1898.tb00405.x" volume="26" year="1898">Haviland 1898</bibRefCitation>
), it is also known from Sabah ( ), it is also known from Sabah (
<bibRefCitation author="Thapa, RS" journalOrPublisher="Sabah Forest Records, Sandakan" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 374" title="Termites of Sabah (East Malaysia). Sabah Forest Department." volume="12" year="1982">Thapa 1982</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="212D1D175215D6F590CBF6B7793195C3" author="Thapa, RS" journalOrPublisher="Sabah Forest Records, Sandakan" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 374" title="Termites of Sabah (East Malaysia). Sabah Forest Department." volume="12" year="1982">Thapa 1982</bibRefCitation>
) and Peninsular Malaysia ( ) and Peninsular Malaysia (
<bibRefCitation author="Tho, YP" journalOrPublisher="Malayan Forest Records, Kepong," pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 224" title="Termites of Peninsular Malaysia. Forest Research Institute Malaysia." volume="36" year="1992">Tho 1992</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="B4B6F0EE9617E764EBF29053FE57F6DE" author="Tho, YP" journalOrPublisher="Malayan Forest Records, Kepong," pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 224" title="Termites of Peninsular Malaysia. Forest Research Institute Malaysia." volume="36" year="1992">Tho 1992</bibRefCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<subSection lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" type="key to new guinean rhinotermitidae species, based on the soldier caste"> <subSection id="64CB4F77957BCA72E6DEC2C6D9EA3E7D" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" type="key to new guinean rhinotermitidae species, based on the soldier caste">
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="82"> <paragraph id="37A72DC92094475A19F3D9405C800746" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">
Key to New Guinean Key to New Guinean
<taxonomicName family="Rhinotermitidae" lsidName="" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" rank="family">Rhinotermitidae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="CBED2ECFA66D0EB3F2ADBC383834CE93" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Rhinotermitidae</taxonomicName>
species, based on the soldier caste species, based on the soldier caste
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="27" pageNumber="82"> <paragraph id="1568C558B690DD8C25C1F969736C3212" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">
<table lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="27" pageNumber="82"> <table id="15C83539CA03DCDC27B1F95BD54B203D" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">
<tr pageId="27" pageNumber="82"> <tr id="276D8DC6FED8372291C651FBB414D932" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">
<td colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1">Figs 14-15</td> <td id="6B60947F7B892B055D6FE5C25F2114CF" colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1">Figs 14-15</td>
</tr> </tr>
<tr pageId="27" pageNumber="82"> <tr id="F0B31C7906963663AD50AC9D89F41180" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">
<td colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1">Figs 53-54</td> <td id="E1C2DD5AA98022B005644187FC20C9D7" colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1">Figs 53-54</td>
</tr> </tr>
<tr pageId="27" pageNumber="82"> <tr id="0E260B3EFC822CC39C6970B3DC8E6F6A" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">
<td colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1">Fig. 12</td> <td id="931F5D62ADF8B6938DA21826BDE46B1F" colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1">Fig. 12</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1"> <td id="A7EA5BE8F9011D4239089DE0CC97383E" colspan="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coptotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="7312E1AA404E708656F1889CF3C17760" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coptotermes</taxonomicName>
</td> </td>
</tr> </tr>
<tr pageId="28" pageNumber="83"> <tr id="0DADFF2642280859842D08280D98D631" pageId="28" pageNumber="83">
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1"> <td id="1992AB7E9AAE36094B947A4674A9A902" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">
<pageBreakToken pageId="28" pageNumber="83" start="start">Figs</pageBreakToken> <pageBreakToken id="8F88F08389418D93F209392F8ABD5337" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" start="start">Figs</pageBreakToken>
6, 7, 9 6, 7, 9
</td> </td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1"> <td id="AA5A7EE32E24845989F5409E0A76DB7E" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes elisae" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elisae">Coptotermes elisae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="13F1D75BB5576226132B7675389E48E3" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes elisae" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elisae">Coptotermes elisae</taxonomicName>
</td> </td>
</tr> </tr>
<tr pageId="28" pageNumber="83"> <tr id="B953760C239EC18DAC50A3F54A2FA5B2" pageId="28" pageNumber="83">
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Figs 1822</td> <td id="EAA1ACD7BAC11C911AA76C8A9407C537" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Figs 1822</td>
</tr> </tr>
<tr pageId="28" pageNumber="83"> <tr id="AC0019D729FC22AE2D5DCF2B59572940" pageId="28" pageNumber="83">
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Figs 1226</td> <td id="5C7EE6E7FFAAD52FC141FF4D4DC4A487" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Figs 1226</td>
</tr> </tr>
<tr pageId="28" pageNumber="83"> <tr id="17E63F441118A6D569F7A26B203796E3" pageId="28" pageNumber="83">
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Figs 22-25</td> <td id="7887A83BCD9C1BD90598BF24A36BE050" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Figs 22-25</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1"> <td id="9DF629F2B1D0A73EBFCBEAE66924E7CD" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes pamuae" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pamuae">Coptotermes pamuae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="9DBB7540500BC279494F8337E525530F" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes pamuae" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pamuae">Coptotermes pamuae</taxonomicName>
</td> </td>
</tr> </tr>
<tr pageId="28" pageNumber="83"> <tr id="C2F87399A30E7C6948FDFF896CCD4C00" pageId="28" pageNumber="83">
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Figs 18-21</td> <td id="4205EE159FDEFCA94B37A8A8A878711F" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Figs 18-21</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1"> <td id="44F738813BD7B830B4D442BA4B83CDA7" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes grandiceps" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandiceps">Coptotermes grandiceps</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="76280D8B5BF6544A7E7876D028137692" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes grandiceps" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandiceps">Coptotermes grandiceps</taxonomicName>
</td> </td>
</tr> </tr>
<tr pageId="28" pageNumber="83"> <tr id="6DA608FF624F74E3BD660912F384A970" pageId="28" pageNumber="83">
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Figs 14, 15</td> <td id="A6A36D194EBEF3213EBF287650948A0B" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Figs 14, 15</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1"> <td id="E1CD1FECA7C8395FBA3F6514F442DBE8" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes remotus" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remotus">Coptotermes remotus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="19A20DDAA0B2C16C61631A0AFA585495" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes remotus" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remotus">Coptotermes remotus</taxonomicName>
</td> </td>
</tr> </tr>
<tr pageId="28" pageNumber="83"> <tr id="6DB45E2331CAF22CD00D57EEBEB363D1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83">
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Figs 28, 29</td> <td id="A9E3268617E7D982A3929CE0D03D8E82" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Figs 28, 29</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1"> <td id="4E8B8AF8F01B7F953D48E729D296B983" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes gambrinus" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gambrinus">Coptotermes gambrinus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="3EA3766CE498D067757AEF6B63750143" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes gambrinus" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gambrinus">Coptotermes gambrinus</taxonomicName>
</td> </td>
</tr> </tr>
<tr pageId="28" pageNumber="83"> <tr id="78D459B29FCD58C143DE976C58BDFB3D" pageId="28" pageNumber="83">
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Fig. 88</td> <td id="80849D6A7AB0536DA274DA72EC477E3F" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Fig. 88</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1"> <td id="5BCFB4071B44C3CE2FDDCC31AA5B4E86" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton planus" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Termitogeton planus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="4B7CF8ECF8509AC6562B735037E24AB1" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton planus" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Termitogeton planus</taxonomicName>
</td> </td>
</tr> </tr>
<tr pageId="28" pageNumber="83"> <tr id="A1E1C995774522EDFB1A8C804549F684" pageId="28" pageNumber="83">
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Figs 323784</td> <td id="5DBD85E099603125FECA8329431E8081" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Figs 323784</td>
</tr> </tr>
<tr pageId="28" pageNumber="83"> <tr id="6E02645B6CFAD6790DE02CAAAD559F56" pageId="28" pageNumber="83">
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Fig. 84</td> <td id="C39D47B4B81190558C25132A024EE41D" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Fig. 84</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1"> <td id="96240233910034119C955D02BA875E71" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Prorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prorhinotermes inopinatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inopinatus">Prorhinotermes inopinatus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="8083B44FDA6E12D08BE09DBBD604AF55" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Prorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prorhinotermes inopinatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inopinatus">Prorhinotermes inopinatus</taxonomicName>
</td> </td>
</tr> </tr>
<tr pageId="28" pageNumber="83"> <tr id="5A9B3350D77112B422661D98D46EE7F4" pageId="28" pageNumber="83">
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Figs 3237</td> <td id="F4CFA50B4CE1BA60A29D64C02CE0D131" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Figs 3237</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1"> <td id="1A8EBDB0E4EA6BDA78F316F19A6B7908" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Heterotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="80C64CADC9C04BB3E2236CD0D25422CE" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Heterotermes</taxonomicName>
</td> </td>
</tr> </tr>
<tr pageId="28" pageNumber="83"> <tr id="855905A0AC9B918E0CF7D7C478F9F738" pageId="28" pageNumber="83">
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Fig. 33</td> <td id="E478B264ADD63EF67C899D6E6A75113B" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Fig. 33</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1"> <td id="C8FD3B2DDB4D7989AFF077B0ABF5C4C7" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes vagus" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagus">Heterotermes vagus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="DCB031BD39EB0574546286479ABF3C4B" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes vagus" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagus">Heterotermes vagus</taxonomicName>
</td> </td>
</tr> </tr>
<tr pageId="28" pageNumber="83"> <tr id="3D87CCA48F6D9D4986CE1EFB2DEECA13" pageId="28" pageNumber="83">
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Fig. 38</td> <td id="7CD87FA161542427E9E449665FE38A77" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Fig. 38</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1"> <td id="0D7C9E09DE14EF309598F348146933E4" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes paradoxus" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Heterotermes paradoxus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="C5E8B44DA574A35C25132A74108E31B2" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes paradoxus" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Heterotermes paradoxus</taxonomicName>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Figs 48, 49</td> <td id="FA4BDA507E4E53447CEC42ED8D363548" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Figs 48, 49</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1"> <td id="637D8D1E2A0A94F3578CFBA51094A78F" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Parrhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parrhinotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="2ECE827CD00D6594FB8CDB601CE2D8B3" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Parrhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parrhinotermes</taxonomicName>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1"> <td id="9886DCECED89DC1D9F60E9A076F2877B" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schedorhinotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="D3211207E016FC45E24087DCEE08AB31" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schedorhinotermes</taxonomicName>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Fig. 52</td> <td id="4314B8CA707D4A723C0E8680A0192960" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Fig. 52</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1"> <td id="7FDEBE1EEAD77848E7C699B00F521F85" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Parrhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinotermes barbatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbatus">Parrhinotermes barbatus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="AE73B8585681532D0639DB6544606FAC" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Parrhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinotermes barbatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbatus">Parrhinotermes barbatus</taxonomicName>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Fig. 47</td> <td id="709AE214371809D72912A21A8947BFC5" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Fig. 47</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1"> <td id="F27EDFFEC6584E58AEA463235F86AFC7" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Parrhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinotermes browni" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="browni">Parrhinotermes browni</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="8EA9ECE7AA337781DD528D5D6E7E069C" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Parrhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinotermes browni" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="browni">Parrhinotermes browni</taxonomicName>
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<tr pageId="28" pageNumber="83"> <tr id="409C97A5F3445D30B2A290D89C0F5940" pageId="28" pageNumber="83">
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1"> <td id="C4F319BE74CDED063CC7E0D4F64B77B7" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes longirostris" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Schedorhinotermes longirostris</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="B9AF1F4DE5BFF523E3C4011470FA29C8" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes longirostris" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Schedorhinotermes longirostris</taxonomicName>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Fig. 62</td> <td id="FE6961378294C5A0132459057E426504" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Fig. 62</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1"> <td id="BAEF4D117CCBD9A9F8DBC0DBA64A1EFE" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes malaccensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malaccensis">Schedorhinotermes malaccensis</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="D31662BC058CB700237610F4768D297A" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes malaccensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malaccensis">Schedorhinotermes malaccensis</taxonomicName>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Figs 5676</td> <td id="92848A3F78FC56232F34BF7D3DF6F55E" colspan="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" rowspan="1">Figs 5676</td>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes seclusus" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seclusus">Schedorhinotermes seclusus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="3A892316839040ED32053FF7D3BF7155" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes seclusus" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seclusus">Schedorhinotermes seclusus</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="C85BDDE131E28A54D1D2736FB068C146" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="3989602E311CD77C5E76C1725476C7C4" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph> <paragraph id="594B915350C728533C64B90E2194AF3D" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="9C6BDC9B2ADC3049430A1A804EE0F9CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
This snake has a scattered distribution in the country, mostly around the Hindu Kush range. It is presented from the provinces Balkh, Ghazni, Helmand, Herat, Jowzjan, Kabul, Kandahar, Kunduz, Nangarhar, Nuristan, Wardak and Zabul ( This snake has a scattered distribution in the country, mostly around the Hindu Kush range. It is presented from the provinces Balkh, Ghazni, Helmand, Herat, Jowzjan, Kabul, Kandahar, Kunduz, Nangarhar, Nuristan, Wardak and Zabul (
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="D3679C8B3EDCBA704C6441105CAC0F53" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
). Since records &quot; ). Since records &quot;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <emphasis id="5F50A3EBED67B6F6E299057834E0E1C1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
10 km west of Jawand [ 10 km west of Jawand [
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Kala-iChambar”">&quot;Kala-iChambar&quot;</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="2DBE73BD9B3C38C2BD19A6BBA70E2A4E" originalValue="“Kala-iChambar”">&quot;Kala-iChambar&quot;</normalizedToken>
] (SMF 67907) ] (SMF 67907)
</emphasis> </emphasis>
&quot; and &quot;east of Kandahar (CAS 115970)&quot; are not georeferenced in &quot; and &quot;east of Kandahar (CAS 115970)&quot; are not georeferenced in
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="B3118E621C60B26181C8AFA41DC9B598" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016</bibRefCitation>
; p. 511), we did not include them in the list of georeferenced datasets for this species. ; p. 511), we did not include them in the list of georeferenced datasets for this species.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records"> <subSubSection id="F4A978C97C34AF6B3337B1891DA85B1A" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records.</paragraph> <paragraph id="3AFDF18733FFAFB7DF2B5F97F67F757A" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="103ADBA6F779CBC551F62985B29F05A5" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
1 - Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh (29 May 2009 &amp; 8 October 2010), two subadult individuals ( 1 - Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh (29 May 2009 &amp; 8 October 2010), two subadult individuals (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Observed species of Colubridae and Viperidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of Hemorrhois ravergieri from Jurm, Badakhshan (photo by Glyn Morris); B - subadult individual of Platyceps rhodorachis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C - subadult individual of P. rhodorachis (striped phenotype) from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; D - adult individual of Ptyas mucosa from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - subadult individual of Spalerosophis diadema from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - subadult individual of S. diadema from Spin Boldak, Kandahar (photo by Ron Savage); G, H - subadult and adult individual of Echis carinatus from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339116" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9">Fig. 9C</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="2BEF916D3883498E8ABA2ECA3713BD07" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Observed species of Colubridae and Viperidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of Hemorrhois ravergieri from Jurm, Badakhshan (photo by Glyn Morris); B - subadult individual of Platyceps rhodorachis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C - subadult individual of P. rhodorachis (striped phenotype) from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; D - adult individual of Ptyas mucosa from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - subadult individual of Spalerosophis diadema from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - subadult individual of S. diadema from Spin Boldak, Kandahar (photo by Ron Savage); G, H - subadult and adult individual of Echis carinatus from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339116" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9">Fig. 9C</figureCitation>
) in the area of the camp; 2 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul (17 July 2011), one subadult individual observed in the rocky habitat in the area of the camp; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar (28 April 2009), two subadult individuals ( ) in the area of the camp; 2 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul (17 July 2011), one subadult individual observed in the rocky habitat in the area of the camp; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar (28 April 2009), two subadult individuals (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Observed species of Colubridae and Viperidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of Hemorrhois ravergieri from Jurm, Badakhshan (photo by Glyn Morris); B - subadult individual of Platyceps rhodorachis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C - subadult individual of P. rhodorachis (striped phenotype) from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; D - adult individual of Ptyas mucosa from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - subadult individual of Spalerosophis diadema from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - subadult individual of S. diadema from Spin Boldak, Kandahar (photo by Ron Savage); G, H - subadult and adult individual of Echis carinatus from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339116" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9">Fig. 9B</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="1B20FBF7AD7301FF8D5A09B539019EC2" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Observed species of Colubridae and Viperidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of Hemorrhois ravergieri from Jurm, Badakhshan (photo by Glyn Morris); B - subadult individual of Platyceps rhodorachis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C - subadult individual of P. rhodorachis (striped phenotype) from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; D - adult individual of Ptyas mucosa from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - subadult individual of Spalerosophis diadema from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - subadult individual of S. diadema from Spin Boldak, Kandahar (photo by Ron Savage); G, H - subadult and adult individual of Echis carinatus from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339116" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
) observed in the desert habitat with bushes near the runway. ) observed in the desert habitat with bushes near the runway.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks"> <subSubSection id="0FFC669AB276CD0748EC349AD27A0B15" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph> <paragraph id="7F75E79385824066530703043DA66AF8" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="3184FBBFDA6AF9EBAE196EA8DD9A4A97" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
All our data correspond with previous records of the species from close localities and particular provinces. Therefore, we did not map these records. This species is described correctly in All our data correspond with previous records of the species from close localities and particular provinces. Therefore, we did not map these records. This species is described correctly in
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="7B971C9E164641295B5D1A99A94635C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017)</bibRefCitation>
on p. 40 but incorrectly on p. 46 (both photos; Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul) as &quot; on p. 40 but incorrectly on p. 46 (both photos; Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul) as &quot;
<taxonomicName genus="Hemorrhios" lsidName="Hemorrhios ravergieri" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="ravergieri"> <taxonomicName id="A4F2D94B976214769E7884AA2AB68B08" genus="Hemorrhios" lsidName="Hemorrhios ravergieri" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="ravergieri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Hemorrhios ravergieri</emphasis> <emphasis id="F918AF294042F9EEAD0CE51D76F1AE81" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Hemorrhios ravergieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
&quot; (this version uses the wrong genus name). &quot; (this version uses the wrong genus name).
</paragraph> </paragraph>

220
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="73"> <paragraph id="063648A6C80C72120FFB2C856E4BC382" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Schedorhinotermes_longirostris" authority="Brauer, 1866" authorityName="Brauer" authorityYear="1866" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes longirostris" order="Blattodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Schedorhinotermes longirostris (Brauer, 1866)</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="0CC185A59FB3C6B9CACD45CB3FCE7FF7" ID-CoL="4V6HP" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Schedorhinotermes_longirostris" authority="Brauer, 1866" authorityName="Brauer" authorityYear="1866" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes longirostris" order="Blattodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Schedorhinotermes longirostris (Brauer, 1866)</taxonomicName>
Figs 68-7482 Figs 68-7482
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="73" type="reference_group"> <subSubSection id="48BC7845F9D74E0BC8038483F2BD1E7E" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="73"> <paragraph id="332BC78DFC86D2C2A195325AAD664CFC" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes longirostris" order="Blattodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Termes longirostris</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="58903DBC577BAFA954914192C1F4E44E" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes longirostris" order="Blattodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Termes longirostris</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation pageId="18" pageNumber="73">Brauer 1866</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="7CE679FC2889B9428944E92F5534F2CD" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">Brauer 1866</bibRefCitation>
: 47. : 47.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="73"> <paragraph id="63EED98B5F9554DBBE4CC0F9FC6E3BED" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhinotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="A127ABC54F17D520FCF32271DDE4665A" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhinotermes</taxonomicName>
( (
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schedorhinotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="A1C5B33CA1D2610491F8E55228FF2AE7" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schedorhinotermes</taxonomicName>
) longirostris (Brauer). ) longirostris (Brauer).
<bibRefCitation author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 276" title="Termitenstudien. 4. Versuch einer systematischen Monographie der Termiten der orientalischen Region." volume="50" year="1913">Holmgren 1913</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="558F60E66ABCA1FCCFD084AA3B396159" author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 276" title="Termitenstudien. 4. Versuch einer systematischen Monographie der Termiten der orientalischen Region." volume="50" year="1913">Holmgren 1913</bibRefCitation>
: 86. : 86.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="73"> <paragraph id="1BBF76604420B68A1F59F98406AC07F6" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes longirostris" order="Blattodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Schedorhinotermes longirostris</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="D8CCFC40B2ED2623E400D82B8F68A2FB" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes longirostris" order="Blattodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Schedorhinotermes longirostris</taxonomicName>
(Brauer). (Brauer).
<bibRefCitation author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution, Washington" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Catalog of the Termites (Isoptera) of the World." year="1949">Snyder 1949</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="5A2CB985433DD366F85C7CFA946E90D7" author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution, Washington" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Catalog of the Termites (Isoptera) of the World." year="1949">Snyder 1949</bibRefCitation>
: 93. : 93.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="73"> <paragraph id="6D09990F130F29A5C84055C8B9643044" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinotermes dimorphus" order="Blattodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimorphus">Rhinotermes dimorphus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="4CECAA34C03902C54D3E94E0C601F52B" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinotermes dimorphus" order="Blattodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimorphus">Rhinotermes dimorphus</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Desneux, J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="367 - 377" title="Isoptera of New Guinea collected by L. Biro." volume="3" year="1905">Desneux 1905</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="4F56A965EE8502727299DA92D026C966" author="Desneux, J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="367 - 377" title="Isoptera of New Guinea collected by L. Biro." volume="3" year="1905">Desneux 1905</bibRefCitation>
: 368. syn. n. : 368. syn. n.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="73"> <paragraph id="F1573DE7DB0A63A2A5B9A25965AE564D" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhinotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="AC1059A3B1B67574980280900AF6141B" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhinotermes</taxonomicName>
( (
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schedorhinotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="352C68059A0D445B772E7DBEA3113C2A" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schedorhinotermes</taxonomicName>
) dimorphus Desneux. ) dimorphus Desneux.
<bibRefCitation author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="452 - 465" title="Neu-Guinea-Termiten." volume="5" year="1911 a">Holmgren 1911a</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="104E38F5B01A2CA5210F1C7896B7FAFD" author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="452 - 465" title="Neu-Guinea-Termiten." volume="5" year="1911 a">Holmgren 1911a</bibRefCitation>
: 458. : 458.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="73"> <paragraph id="9674D4DD5E96535017CED6D3CEE67F21" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes dimorphus" order="Blattodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimorphus">Schedorhinotermes dimorphus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="D849A6CACF4342313B98206CD832C1E2" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes dimorphus" order="Blattodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimorphus">Schedorhinotermes dimorphus</taxonomicName>
(Desneux). (Desneux).
<bibRefCitation author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution, Washington" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Catalog of the Termites (Isoptera) of the World." year="1949">Snyder 1949</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="0072A99D667824798EC33A04C3D326D7" author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution, Washington" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Catalog of the Termites (Isoptera) of the World." year="1949">Snyder 1949</bibRefCitation>
: 90. : 90.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" type="material examined"> <subSubSection id="1AC785507EE76086896563B29B5D4F38" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="73">Material examined.</paragraph> <paragraph id="658AC950DA8F8C06C15D3AA07C32BE15" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="18" pageNumber="73"> <paragraph id="9185B0EB7DE9F777EBD74F6DAFA72A59" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">
Syntypes, minor soldier and workers:INDIA: Nicobar Islands: Kondul Island (NHRS). Syntypes of Syntypes, minor soldier and workers:INDIA: Nicobar Islands: Kondul Island (NHRS). Syntypes of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes dimorphus" order="Blattodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimorphus">Schedorhinotermes dimorphus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="962B1ED4EA484DF17D39421054DA9BA1" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes dimorphus" order="Blattodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimorphus">Schedorhinotermes dimorphus</taxonomicName>
, major soldiers, minor soldiers and workers:PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Madang: Madang (as Friedrich-Wilhelmshafen), , major soldiers, minor soldiers and workers:PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Madang: Madang (as Friedrich-Wilhelmshafen),
<pageBreakToken pageId="19" pageNumber="74" start="start">8</pageBreakToken> <pageBreakToken id="FEA0BCB4EC66064F6C92F05B7141AEEC" pageId="19" pageNumber="74" start="start">8</pageBreakToken>
.i.1901 (L. .i.1901 (L.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Biró">Biro</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="FDBB7D66E6CB978E34840A7FC9EFB5D9" originalValue="Biró">Biro</normalizedToken>
) (IRSNB). Other material: PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Sandaun: Vanimo, 08.iii.1994 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1718); East Sepik: Marangis, 07.iii.1983 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT253); Madang: Road Madang-Lae km 30, 04.vii.1981 (JMP) (#PNGT120, 121); Bunapas road, 07.vii.1981 (JMP) (#PNGT132, 141); Potsdam plantation, 23.iii.1983 (YR) (#PNGT275); Nubia, 18.v.1983 (YR) (#PNGT353), Potsdam plantation, 20.vi.1983 (YR) (#PNGT386); Bunapae, 25.x.1983 (YR) (#PNGT415); Sepen No.1, 29.x.1983 (YR) (#PNGT425); Potsdam plantation, 25.xi.1983 (YR), with nymphs (#PNGT479); Bunapae, 12.vi.1984 (YR) (#PNGT680); Potsdam plantation, 20.vii.1984 (YR) (#PNGT743); Bunapae, 23.vii.1984 (YR) (#PNGT748); Potsdam plantation, 24.vii.1984 (YR) (#PNGT753); Hansa point, 22.viii.1984 (YR) (#PNGT786); Hansa point, 08.ix.1984 (YR) (#PNGT823); Sepen No.1, 16.ii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR), with alates (#PNGT876); Sepen No.1, 01.iii.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1165, 1166); Yagaum hospital, 10.iv.1983 (YR) (#PNGT304); Gilagil River bridge, 12.iii.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1170); Baitabag, 15.v.1999 (L. ) (IRSNB). Other material: PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Sandaun: Vanimo, 08.iii.1994 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1718); East Sepik: Marangis, 07.iii.1983 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT253); Madang: Road Madang-Lae km 30, 04.vii.1981 (JMP) (#PNGT120, 121); Bunapas road, 07.vii.1981 (JMP) (#PNGT132, 141); Potsdam plantation, 23.iii.1983 (YR) (#PNGT275); Nubia, 18.v.1983 (YR) (#PNGT353), Potsdam plantation, 20.vi.1983 (YR) (#PNGT386); Bunapae, 25.x.1983 (YR) (#PNGT415); Sepen No.1, 29.x.1983 (YR) (#PNGT425); Potsdam plantation, 25.xi.1983 (YR), with nymphs (#PNGT479); Bunapae, 12.vi.1984 (YR) (#PNGT680); Potsdam plantation, 20.vii.1984 (YR) (#PNGT743); Bunapae, 23.vii.1984 (YR) (#PNGT748); Potsdam plantation, 24.vii.1984 (YR) (#PNGT753); Hansa point, 22.viii.1984 (YR) (#PNGT786); Hansa point, 08.ix.1984 (YR) (#PNGT823); Sepen No.1, 16.ii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR), with alates (#PNGT876); Sepen No.1, 01.iii.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1165, 1166); Yagaum hospital, 10.iv.1983 (YR) (#PNGT304); Gilagil River bridge, 12.iii.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1170); Baitabag, 15.v.1999 (L.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Čižek">Cizek</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="081AAD3096D65723DE6EE7773C252828" originalValue="Čižek">Cizek</normalizedToken>
) (#2, J. ) (#2, J.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Šobotník’s">Sobotnik's</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="7CDEC4A677BD21E5193C2A9C9D54DA77" originalValue="Šobotník’s">Sobotnik's</normalizedToken>
collection); Tabobo, 07.i.1989 (ML) (#PNGT1383); Road Kausi-Bundi, 07.v.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1207); Bundi, 10.v.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1210); Morobe: Wampit, 06.ii.1983 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT178); Kaiapit, 19.ii.1983 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT192); Sirasira, 15.v.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1219, 1220). Bulolo, 14.ii.1983 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT168); Mount Susu, 23.v.1987 (YR), in branch of klinkii pine on the ground (#PNGT1085); Mount Susu, 19.v.1988 (YR), in branch of klinkii pine on the ground (#PNGT1233); Oro: Kokoda, 13.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR), in tree stump in cocoa plantation (#PNGT949); Koiasi, 14.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) collection); Tabobo, 07.i.1989 (ML) (#PNGT1383); Road Kausi-Bundi, 07.v.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1207); Bundi, 10.v.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1210); Morobe: Wampit, 06.ii.1983 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT178); Kaiapit, 19.ii.1983 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT192); Sirasira, 15.v.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1219, 1220). Bulolo, 14.ii.1983 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT168); Mount Susu, 23.v.1987 (YR), in branch of klinkii pine on the ground (#PNGT1085); Mount Susu, 19.v.1988 (YR), in branch of klinkii pine on the ground (#PNGT1233); Oro: Kokoda, 13.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR), in tree stump in cocoa plantation (#PNGT949); Koiasi, 14.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR)
<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="75" start="start">(</pageBreakToken> <pageBreakToken id="D4BD6BD7742FA29EDF6D84117CE8A017" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
#PNGT957); Kokoda, 19.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR), in dead wood in rubber plantation (#PNGT987); East New Britain: Warengoi, 19.v.1984 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT561); Ataliklikun Bay, 30 km W of Keravat, 23.v.1984 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT595); New Ireland: Lelet plateau, 27.v.1984 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT609, 610); Konos, 29.v.1984 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT623); Manus: Road Lorengau-Yiringo km 32, 04.vi.1984 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT659); Central: Sogeri area, 23.xi.1962 (AE), 2 samples with alates, from logs in rubber grove (AMNH); Sirinumu Dam, 06.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT913); Sirinumu Dam, 08.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT926, 931); Southern Highlands: Lake Kutubu, 11.x.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1287, 1288); Pimaga, 16.x.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1304); Fly: Tabubil, 20.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1548); Lake Murray, 22.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1557); Lake Murray, 24.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1583); Nomad, 31.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1626). INDONESIA: Papua: Road Nabire-Mapia km 43, 26.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT168); Kaimana, 21.xi.1995 (YR), three samples, the last one with large nymphs (#IRJT103, 109, 113); Kaimana, 23.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT142). #PNGT957); Kokoda, 19.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR), in dead wood in rubber plantation (#PNGT987); East New Britain: Warengoi, 19.v.1984 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT561); Ataliklikun Bay, 30 km W of Keravat, 23.v.1984 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT595); New Ireland: Lelet plateau, 27.v.1984 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT609, 610); Konos, 29.v.1984 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT623); Manus: Road Lorengau-Yiringo km 32, 04.vi.1984 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT659); Central: Sogeri area, 23.xi.1962 (AE), 2 samples with alates, from logs in rubber grove (AMNH); Sirinumu Dam, 06.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT913); Sirinumu Dam, 08.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT926, 931); Southern Highlands: Lake Kutubu, 11.x.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1287, 1288); Pimaga, 16.x.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1304); Fly: Tabubil, 20.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1548); Lake Murray, 22.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1557); Lake Murray, 24.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1583); Nomad, 31.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1626). INDONESIA: Papua: Road Nabire-Mapia km 43, 26.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT168); Kaimana, 21.xi.1995 (YR), three samples, the last one with large nymphs (#IRJT103, 109, 113); Kaimana, 23.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT142).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="75" type="new synonymy"> <subSubSection id="8F0173EB2ABBFAF0C3276D8ABF68F538" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" type="new synonymy">
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="75">New synonymy.</paragraph> <paragraph id="A6821CCFBB77107398AF97F1128DE8C2" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">New synonymy.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="75"> <paragraph id="B9C4A07A059125EBF7BF6415DFB1EF84" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">
We compared the type material of We compared the type material of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes longirostris" order="Blattodea" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Schedorhinotermes longirostris</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="618BA1F5AA831A728E8536C86CD3F779" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes longirostris" order="Blattodea" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Schedorhinotermes longirostris</taxonomicName>
and and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes dimorphus" order="Blattodea" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimorphus">Schedorhinotermes dimorphus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="1CA49669AEE84399A2C4A7DDCE513C6E" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes dimorphus" order="Blattodea" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimorphus">Schedorhinotermes dimorphus</taxonomicName>
with our material and were not able to find any relevant morphological characters to distinguish the two species. Therefore, we consider with our material and were not able to find any relevant morphological characters to distinguish the two species. Therefore, we consider
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes dimorphus" order="Blattodea" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimorphus">Schedorhinotermes dimorphus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="F79BCD40227143D359679EAF126ACF78" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes dimorphus" order="Blattodea" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimorphus">Schedorhinotermes dimorphus</taxonomicName>
as a junior synonym of as a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes longirostris" order="Blattodea" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Schedorhinotermes longirostris</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="D567045A04209A38498AE9447B662E46" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes longirostris" order="Blattodea" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Schedorhinotermes longirostris</taxonomicName>
. .
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<caption pageId="20" pageNumber="75"> <caption id="7E10B55BD7A5E89D1FF11AFEDD74873A" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="75"> <paragraph id="D8428904A1012D0057FCBFE675448767" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">
Figures 68-74. Figures 68-74.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes longirostris" order="Blattodea" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Schedorhinotermes longirostris</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="F2D49DA63B506B444F073184CC4ACF51" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes longirostris" order="Blattodea" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Schedorhinotermes longirostris</taxonomicName>
. Imago: 68 head. Major soldier: 69 head; 71 left mandible; 72 right mandible. Minor soldier: 70 head; 73 left mandible; 74 right mandible. Scale bars: 68, 69, 70: 0.5mm; 71, 72, 73, 74: 0.2mm. . Imago: 68 head. Major soldier: 69 head; 71 left mandible; 72 right mandible. Minor soldier: 70 head; 73 left mandible; 74 right mandible. Scale bars: 68, 69, 70: 0.5mm; 71, 72, 73, 74: 0.2mm.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="75" type="imago"> <subSubSection id="C3498DAA3FCA844337439A537FBD6B91" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" type="imago">
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="75">Imago.</paragraph> <paragraph id="BE406328F1FE373CAF02F4C2FF48EE42" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">Imago.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="75">(Fig. 68). Head covered by 10-15 setae. Eyes of medium size. Pronotum covered by about 50 setae mainly located on the edges. Antennae with 20 articles. Measurements (mm) of 6 imagoes from 1 colony: TBL: 7.39-8.79; HLC: 1.37-1.58; HWE: 1.51-1.62; PL: 0.73-0.79; PW: 1.23-1.36; FWL: 8.70-9.80; ED: 0.31-0.33.</paragraph> <paragraph id="AED8E598E6368A84017212CB986B0645" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">(Fig. 68). Head covered by 10-15 setae. Eyes of medium size. Pronotum covered by about 50 setae mainly located on the edges. Antennae with 20 articles. Measurements (mm) of 6 imagoes from 1 colony: TBL: 7.39-8.79; HLC: 1.37-1.58; HWE: 1.51-1.62; PL: 0.73-0.79; PW: 1.23-1.36; FWL: 8.70-9.80; ED: 0.31-0.33.</paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="75" type="major soldier"> <subSubSection id="720AEE8F571D189B55D8FB226399B15F" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" type="major soldier">
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="75">Major soldier.</paragraph> <paragraph id="7AF8B29B5F88FE8E522E28F4E7FC661D" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">Major soldier.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="75"> <paragraph id="452C2B268D8768ACF6487B378AFED2A0" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">
(Figs 69, 71-72). Soldiers of small size. Head, excluding labrum, square-shaped, slightly longer than wide, covered by about 10 setae. Labrum slightly longer than wide, reaching the tip of mandibles. Antennae with 15 or 16 articles. Pronotum covered by 6 long setae disposed in each corners. Mesonotum and metanotum with 4 long setae. Abdomen with 6 long setae per segment, plus sometimes 1 or 2 smaller ones. Mandibles strongly curved at tip with short subsidiary teeth. Left mandible with 2 subsidiary teeth of the same length. Right mandible without hump at the basis. Measurements (mm) of 1 major soldier from the type colony of (Figs 69, 71-72). Soldiers of small size. Head, excluding labrum, square-shaped, slightly longer than wide, covered by about 10 setae. Labrum slightly longer than wide, reaching the tip of mandibles. Antennae with 15 or 16 articles. Pronotum covered by 6 long setae disposed in each corners. Mesonotum and metanotum with 4 long setae. Abdomen with 6 long setae per segment, plus sometimes 1 or 2 smaller ones. Mandibles strongly curved at tip with short subsidiary teeth. Left mandible with 2 subsidiary teeth of the same length. Right mandible without hump at the basis. Measurements (mm) of 1 major soldier from the type colony of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes longirostris" order="Blattodea" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Schedorhinotermes longirostris</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="19D00E7C8396FA93B45BE09720780D27" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes longirostris" order="Blattodea" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Schedorhinotermes longirostris</taxonomicName>
, 2 major soldiers from the type colony of , 2 major soldiers from the type colony of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes dimorphus" order="Blattodea" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimorphus">Schedorhinotermes dimorphus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="CCD202D49D108F8E0C050CF0309C537F" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes dimorphus" order="Blattodea" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimorphus">Schedorhinotermes dimorphus</taxonomicName>
[brackets], and 77 major soldiers from 29 colonies (parentheses): HLC: 1.56 [1.50-1.56] (1.35-1.95); HLL: 2.05 [1.92-1.99] (1.65-2.21); HW: 1.32 [1.31-1.35] (1.17-1.51); PW: 0.74 [0.73-0.75] (0.65-0.86); RML: 0.98 [0.89-0.97] (0.75-1.06); mPW: 0.25 [0.24] (0.19-0.30); T3L: 1.19 [1.09-1.16] (1.11-1.36). [brackets], and 77 major soldiers from 29 colonies (parentheses): HLC: 1.56 [1.50-1.56] (1.35-1.95); HLL: 2.05 [1.92-1.99] (1.65-2.21); HW: 1.32 [1.31-1.35] (1.17-1.51); PW: 0.74 [0.73-0.75] (0.65-0.86); RML: 0.98 [0.89-0.97] (0.75-1.06); mPW: 0.25 [0.24] (0.19-0.30); T3L: 1.19 [1.09-1.16] (1.11-1.36).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" type="minor soldier"> <subSubSection id="5709F97BCAD010472CC3C55BC88FB63C" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" type="minor soldier">
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="75">Minor soldier.</paragraph> <paragraph id="7240DF0F1D095ACD64DB8FD6EAC04CCE" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">Minor soldier.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="20" pageNumber="75"> <paragraph id="9C3E0DC8AF4E79F161C0D37AF3E2CF61" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">
(Figs 70, 73-74). Soldiers of small size. Head elongated, covered by 5-10 setae. Labrum very elongated, 3 times longer than wide, reaching beyond mandibles. Fronto-clypeus of medium size. Antennae with 15 or 16 articles. Pronotum covered by 6 large setae disposed in each corner. Mesonotum and metanotum with 4 long setae. Abdomen with 6 long setae per segment, plus sometimes 1 or 2 smaller ones. Mandibles elongated, hardly curved, with short subsidiary teeth. Measurements (mm) of 10 minor soldiers from 10 colonies of (Figs 70, 73-74). Soldiers of small size. Head elongated, covered by 5-10 setae. Labrum very elongated, 3 times longer than wide, reaching beyond mandibles. Fronto-clypeus of medium size. Antennae with 15 or 16 articles. Pronotum covered by 6 large setae disposed in each corner. Mesonotum and metanotum with 4 long setae. Abdomen with 6 long setae per segment, plus sometimes 1 or 2 smaller ones. Mandibles elongated, hardly curved, with short subsidiary teeth. Measurements (mm) of 10 minor soldiers from 10 colonies of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes longirostris" order="Blattodea" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Schedorhinotermes longirostris</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="25BE2EDDEBD1A8F786DFB64789AFB397" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes longirostris" order="Blattodea" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Schedorhinotermes longirostris</taxonomicName>
, plus 6 minor soldiers of the type colony of , plus 6 minor soldiers of the type colony of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes dimorphus" order="Blattodea" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimorphus">Schedorhinotermes dimorphus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="326077F95AD6E091DFEA4582E84C2919" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes dimorphus" order="Blattodea" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimorphus">Schedorhinotermes dimorphus</taxonomicName>
[brackets]: HLC: 0.82-1.05 [0.90-0.94]; HLL: [brackets]: HLC: 0.82-1.05 [0.90-0.94]; HLL:
<pageBreakToken pageId="21" pageNumber="76" start="start">1.18</pageBreakToken> <pageBreakToken id="CE8371C8735AEA3E7393B5ADA36D92F0" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" start="start">1.18</pageBreakToken>
-1.54 [1.30-1.37]; HW: 0.60-0.77 [0.66-0.69]; PL: 0.28-0.36 [0.30-0.33]; PW: 0.40-0.53 [0.44-0.51]; RML: 0.52-0.70 [0.51-0.64]; MPW: 0.25-0.31 [0.24-0.28]; T3L: 0.74-0.94 [0.71-0.87]. -1.54 [1.30-1.37]; HW: 0.60-0.77 [0.66-0.69]; PL: 0.28-0.36 [0.30-0.33]; PW: 0.40-0.53 [0.44-0.51]; RML: 0.52-0.70 [0.51-0.64]; MPW: 0.25-0.31 [0.24-0.28]; T3L: 0.74-0.94 [0.71-0.87].
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="comparisons"> <subSubSection id="8023B48D21EB36F0FBBCC70A302A5AC3" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="comparisons">
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="76">Comparisons.</paragraph> <paragraph id="F79B47DDFAB7F60D48179BB9CC873AD8" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">Comparisons.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="76">This species can be distinguished from other New Guinean species by the number of setae on the pronotum (6 per segment), mesonotum (4), metanotum (4) and abdomen (6) in the major soldier caste.</paragraph> <paragraph id="C569925E4BD129C0D0418C6B99AC5BF6" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">This species can be distinguished from other New Guinean species by the number of setae on the pronotum (6 per segment), mesonotum (4), metanotum (4) and abdomen (6) in the major soldier caste.</paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="39D706A484A3B5A23A4DC89FFDDDE412" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="76">Distribution.</paragraph> <paragraph id="D3A9FA1DA79BA4B3DABECF80A317D2D6" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="76">(Fig. 82).This species is common in forested areas throughout New Guinea. It probably also occurs in Indonesia, since it was described from the Nicobar islands.</paragraph> <paragraph id="E2B15317BB0A23AA73040E4CA76D48FB" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">(Fig. 82).This species is common in forested areas throughout New Guinea. It probably also occurs in Indonesia, since it was described from the Nicobar islands.</paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="termitophiles"> <subSubSection id="435DFAD06E34EC97B35A315AD4139772" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="termitophiles">
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="76">Termitophiles.</paragraph> <paragraph id="583A40A3679720DB4527F4A5F01DB368" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">Termitophiles.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="76"> <paragraph id="A6679B46F168CE6F62CA80FD83F5EC1B" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
Several Several
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aleocharinae">Aleocharinae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="BA02751AF93D9D8A41DFA2BBA284FF80" lsidName="" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aleocharinae">Aleocharinae</taxonomicName>
( (
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Coleoptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coleoptera" order="Malvales" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Coleoptera</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="3781F09497F2638DD4F867198D0AEAC2" genus="Coleoptera" lsidName="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" rank="genus">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
, ,
<taxonomicName family="Staphylinidae" lsidName="" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" rank="family">Staphylinidae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="3F04D1B496BE984DA9C5ED0C46B31393" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Staphylinidae</taxonomicName>
) were found with this species. ) were found with this species.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedotermoecia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedotermoecia kaimanensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kaimanensis">Schedotermoecia kaimanensis</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="869FF991A67EEAACE8B376C56CDCA74E" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedotermoecia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedotermoecia kaimanensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kaimanensis">Schedotermoecia kaimanensis</taxonomicName>
( (
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Coptotermoeciina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermoeciina" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coptotermoeciina</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="D08E21023E36718BBB0508B7E9044CF4" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Coptotermoeciina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermoeciina" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coptotermoeciina</taxonomicName>
) was described from colony #IRJT142, and its congener ) was described from colony #IRJT142, and its congener
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedotermoecia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedotermoecia papuana" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papuana">Schedotermoecia papuana</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="A263BF4C55BE36099C532338518286F7" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedotermoecia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedotermoecia papuana" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papuana">Schedotermoecia papuana</taxonomicName>
from #PNGT1165 ( from #PNGT1165 (
<bibRefCitation author="Bourguignon, T" journalOrPublisher="Sociobiology" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="395 - 407" title="A new genus and three new species of termitophilous staphylinids (Coleoptera: Staplylinidae) associated with Schedorhinotermes (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) in New Guinea." volume="48" year="2006">Bourguignon and Roisin 2006</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="622B49F071AA141D5C8C63B80DDD61D9" author="Bourguignon, T" journalOrPublisher="Sociobiology" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="395 - 407" title="A new genus and three new species of termitophilous staphylinids (Coleoptera: Staplylinidae) associated with Schedorhinotermes (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) in New Guinea." volume="48" year="2006">Bourguignon and Roisin 2006</bibRefCitation>
). The following ). The following
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" rank="tribe" tribe="Trichopseniini">Trichopseniini</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="3E7E3A88B5682E80D7641A8493E74CA2" lsidName="" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" rank="tribe" tribe="Trichopseniini">Trichopseniini</taxonomicName>
also occur with this species: also occur with this species:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedolimulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedolimulus elongatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">Schedolimulus elongatus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="868E87B9F08A72E8A6342224527F382C" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedolimulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedolimulus elongatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">Schedolimulus elongatus</taxonomicName>
, ,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedotermoecia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedotermoecia planus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Schedotermoecia planus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="571F7E37DC4AEBA25154854D1F135A39" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedotermoecia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedotermoecia planus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Schedotermoecia planus</taxonomicName>
and and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedotermoecia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedotermoecia minutides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutides">Schedotermoecia minutides</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="C17C26E1FE40DB73C5E7C0613ACE316C" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedotermoecia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedotermoecia minutides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutides">Schedotermoecia minutides</taxonomicName>
Bourguignon, nomen novum (here proposed as replacement name for Bourguignon, nomen novum (here proposed as replacement name for
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedotermoecia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedotermoecia minutus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">Schedotermoecia minutus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="D15BA6F0E54EE0D41518AB88447AA706" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedotermoecia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedotermoecia minutus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">Schedotermoecia minutus</taxonomicName>
Bourguignon, 2007, to remove secondary homonymy with Bourguignon, 2007, to remove secondary homonymy with
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Phorilimulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorilimulus minutus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">Phorilimulus minutus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="16B64734B5BA9D83C1D05A5FAC1C6B84" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Phorilimulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorilimulus minutus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">Phorilimulus minutus</taxonomicName>
Pasteels &amp; Kistner, 1971, transferred to Pasteels &amp; Kistner, 1971, transferred to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedolimulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedolimulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schedolimulus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="98990F6F39879F6321DA7E317D3EEB0B" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedolimulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedolimulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schedolimulus</taxonomicName>
by by
<bibRefCitation author="Kanao, T" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="53 - 60" title="A new species of Trichopseniini (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) found with Schedorhinotermes termite (Isoptera, Rhinotermitidae) in Khao Yai National Park, Thailand." volume="2748" year="2011">Kanao et al. 2011</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="55E322BBE9F387B6978117D494F276A6" author="Kanao, T" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="53 - 60" title="A new species of Trichopseniini (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) found with Schedorhinotermes termite (Isoptera, Rhinotermitidae) in Khao Yai National Park, Thailand." volume="2748" year="2011">Kanao et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>

132
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032246" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6148704D0760CF9955492909EF7A9EFA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6148704D0760CF9955492909EF7A9EFA" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="10" pageNumber="65"> <treatment id="6148704D0760CF9955492909EF7A9EFA" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032246" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6148704D0760CF9955492909EF7A9EFA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6148704D0760CF9955492909EF7A9EFA" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" scope_family="Rhinotermitidae" scope_infraOrder="Isoptera">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65"> <paragraph id="65C8E7D8FF53051ABCDC723601D26403" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Heterotermes_paradoxus" authority="Froggatt, 1898" authorityName="Froggatt" authorityYear="1898" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes paradoxus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Heterotermes paradoxus (Froggatt, 1898)</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="083EF2B44B9EDBFACAD874448F5A860A" ID-CoL="6M5XZ" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Heterotermes_paradoxus" authority="Froggatt, 1898" authorityName="Froggatt" authorityYear="1898" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes paradoxus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Heterotermes paradoxus (Froggatt, 1898)</taxonomicName>
Figs 3744 Figs 3744
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="reference_group"> <subSubSection id="C1E7C51DE144BDA4196E8BA1DFA04C12" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65"> <paragraph id="655A6824E6F5322B8007243BF0934D60" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes paradoxus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Termes paradoxus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="BCB0993A6FFF084E2A57D360024692C2" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes paradoxus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Termes paradoxus</taxonomicName>
Froggatt, 1898: 728. Froggatt, 1898: 728.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65"> <paragraph id="003770E230FFD6E27BD6DFC5E582C42C" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes paradoxus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Heterotermes paradoxus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="CBB5C2CC701E420E1D27D2ECF652BD45" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes paradoxus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Heterotermes paradoxus</taxonomicName>
(Froggatt). (Froggatt).
<bibRefCitation author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="134 - 154" title="Australian termites (Isoptera). Biological notes and descriptions of new species." volume="44" year="1932">Hill 1932</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="86EA0800B25FCC485571B0BFADB9D86E" author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="134 - 154" title="Australian termites (Isoptera). Biological notes and descriptions of new species." volume="44" year="1932">Hill 1932</bibRefCitation>
: 146. : 146.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="11" pageNumber="66" type="material examined"> <subSubSection id="3107671F8715129BB1337BB364303B92" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="11" pageNumber="66" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="66"> <paragraph id="341387AE6690F1483B835287D9C643D0" pageId="11" pageNumber="66">
<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="66" start="start">Material</pageBreakToken> <pageBreakToken id="254E1D83D9044DB9CEC7B49159046CFB" pageId="11" pageNumber="66" start="start">Material</pageBreakToken>
examined. examined.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="11" pageNumber="66"> <paragraph id="977C593C5A9B82C841E1B9A5897451E5" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="11" pageNumber="66">
AUSTRALIA: Northern Territory: 37 km SE Newcastle Waters, 16.vi.1936 (coll. det. G.F. Hill) (ANIC #10-2186); Queensland: Weipa mission, 05.x.1957 (F.J. Gay &amp; J.H. Calaby) (ANIC #10-8659); PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Central: Sogeri, 14.vii.1984 (YR) (#PNGT731); Sogeri, 4.ii.1985 (YR) (#PNGT855); Sirinumu Dam, 6.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT912); Fly: Morehead, 24.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1431); Wipim, 29.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1471); Wipim, 2.iv.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1517); Lake Murray, 22.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) AUSTRALIA: Northern Territory: 37 km SE Newcastle Waters, 16.vi.1936 (coll. det. G.F. Hill) (ANIC #10-2186); Queensland: Weipa mission, 05.x.1957 (F.J. Gay &amp; J.H. Calaby) (ANIC #10-8659); PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Central: Sogeri, 14.vii.1984 (YR) (#PNGT731); Sogeri, 4.ii.1985 (YR) (#PNGT855); Sirinumu Dam, 6.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT912); Fly: Morehead, 24.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1431); Wipim, 29.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1471); Wipim, 2.iv.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1517); Lake Murray, 22.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML)
<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="67" start="start">(</pageBreakToken> <pageBreakToken id="6430AACBB1C2AC5876CF4A8946F0A28B" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
#PNGT1562); Lake Murray, 24.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1577); Lake Murray, 25.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1590a,); Lake Murray, 27.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1598, 1606). INDONESIA: Papua: Kaimana, 21.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT104, 111, 112); Kaimana, 23.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT142), two samples with alates (#IRJT143, 144); Pusppenssat-IrJa, 26.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT166). #PNGT1562); Lake Murray, 24.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1577); Lake Murray, 25.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1590a,); Lake Murray, 27.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1598, 1606). INDONESIA: Papua: Kaimana, 21.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT104, 111, 112); Kaimana, 23.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT142), two samples with alates (#IRJT143, 144); Pusppenssat-IrJa, 26.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT166).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<caption pageId="12" pageNumber="67"> <caption id="1101831AACA54F458FBAA70412922D06" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="67"> <paragraph id="35BC01C07AE51AA8CF82C67DF263565E" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">
Figures 37-43. Figures 37-43.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes paradoxus" order="Blattodea" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Heterotermes paradoxus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="087FBBCD1879BF6CEAB9602DD4BEA029" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes paradoxus" order="Blattodea" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Heterotermes paradoxus</taxonomicName>
. Soldier: 37 head in dorsal view; 38 head in lateral view; 39 left mandible; 40 right mandible; 43 pronotum. Imago: 41 head; 42 pronotum. Scale bars: 37, 38: 1mm; 41: 0.5mm; 39, 40, 42, 43: 0.2mm. . Soldier: 37 head in dorsal view; 38 head in lateral view; 39 left mandible; 40 right mandible; 43 pronotum. Imago: 41 head; 42 pronotum. Scale bars: 37, 38: 1mm; 41: 0.5mm; 39, 40, 42, 43: 0.2mm.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
<caption pageId="12" pageNumber="67"> <caption id="74D408A37ECD1B38CE0EA7EACC5F17FD" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="67"> <paragraph id="62B881EC910E33B31F360C7FBA31CDBE" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">
Figure 44. Known distribution in New Guinea of: ✖ Figure 44. Known distribution in New Guinea of: ✖
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes vagus" order="Blattodea" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagus">Heterotermes vagus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="1297A39FF8AEBF0FFD3E84A039C5ADB5" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes vagus" order="Blattodea" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagus">Heterotermes vagus</taxonomicName>
; ● ; ●
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes paradoxus" order="Blattodea" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Heterotermes paradoxus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="B340B918671836F6C55C376BE5865B86" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes paradoxus" order="Blattodea" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Heterotermes paradoxus</taxonomicName>
. .
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="67" type="imago"> <subSubSection id="96C98448F19BB2C2E1298D80479DEAF3" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" type="imago">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="67">Imago.</paragraph> <paragraph id="AB674BF67C8B060DE356F7AD0C889371" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">Imago.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="67">(Figs 41-42).Head slightly elongated covered by several hundreds of setae. Pronotum elongated and moderately wide, covered by several hundreds of setae. Antennae generally with 18 articles, rarely with 17 articles. Eyes flat. Small ocelli in front of the eyes. Measurements (mm) of 12 imagoes from 1 colony: TBL: 5.16-6.31; HLC: 1.13-1.29; HWE: 0.98-1.14; PL: 0.59-0.64; PW: 0.76-0.85; FWL: 8.79-9.92; ED: 0.25-0.33.</paragraph> <paragraph id="1D403E166A8EE09377D6F8304C64BB9D" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">(Figs 41-42).Head slightly elongated covered by several hundreds of setae. Pronotum elongated and moderately wide, covered by several hundreds of setae. Antennae generally with 18 articles, rarely with 17 articles. Eyes flat. Small ocelli in front of the eyes. Measurements (mm) of 12 imagoes from 1 colony: TBL: 5.16-6.31; HLC: 1.13-1.29; HWE: 0.98-1.14; PL: 0.59-0.64; PW: 0.76-0.85; FWL: 8.79-9.92; ED: 0.25-0.33.</paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="67" type="soldier"> <subSubSection id="4624532D0528EC6AEC753B88FFF5F974" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" type="soldier">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="67">Soldier.</paragraph> <paragraph id="504C1FD95372278A56EBCDDCF651E46E" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">Soldier.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="67">(Figs 37-40, 43) Soldiers of large size. Head elongated, slightly rounded in the corners, with a well developed hump at front. Labrum with rounded apex. Antennae with 16 or 17 articles. Pronotum elongated, covered by numerous setae. Mandibles elongated, sligthly curved at tip. Measurements (mm) of 55 soldiers from 19 colonies: HLC: 1.34-1.98; HLL: 1.63-2.40; HW: 0.86-1.16; PL: 0.39-0.60; PW: 0.62-0.87; RML: 1.03-1.34; MPW: 0.35-0.48; T3L: 0.70-0.93.</paragraph> <paragraph id="30FC415A5409F5AF9D5DB9FBE050D663" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">(Figs 37-40, 43) Soldiers of large size. Head elongated, slightly rounded in the corners, with a well developed hump at front. Labrum with rounded apex. Antennae with 16 or 17 articles. Pronotum elongated, covered by numerous setae. Mandibles elongated, sligthly curved at tip. Measurements (mm) of 55 soldiers from 19 colonies: HLC: 1.34-1.98; HLL: 1.63-2.40; HW: 0.86-1.16; PL: 0.39-0.60; PW: 0.62-0.87; RML: 1.03-1.34; MPW: 0.35-0.48; T3L: 0.70-0.93.</paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="67" type="comparisons"> <subSubSection id="E024523BCF30A78CE6559EE946A3F84D" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" type="comparisons">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="67">Comparisons.</paragraph> <paragraph id="F1EF940C3627744D352F09037FA837D1" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">Comparisons.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="67"> <paragraph id="F74ABB3244B5227837F39BB5F9E902AA" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">
Morphological variation occurs along the distribution range of Morphological variation occurs along the distribution range of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes paradoxus" order="Blattodea" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Heterotermes paradoxus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="4A5E89C359E6DD188BB058CB705EE4E1" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes paradoxus" order="Blattodea" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Heterotermes paradoxus</taxonomicName>
, though it appears insufficient to recognize distinct species. , though it appears insufficient to recognize distinct species.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes paradoxus" order="Blattodea" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Heterotermes paradoxus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="2BFC2681BCFFF241FC3D924CDD4D66D6" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes paradoxus" order="Blattodea" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">Heterotermes paradoxus</taxonomicName>
differs from differs from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes vagus" order="Blattodea" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagus">Heterotermes vagus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="56FC5CE143A177E6847853F040F5C827" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes vagus" order="Blattodea" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagus">Heterotermes vagus</taxonomicName>
by the larger size of its soldiers, its less elongated labrum with rounded end and its antennae with 16 or 17 articles. by the larger size of its soldiers, its less elongated labrum with rounded end and its antennae with 16 or 17 articles.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="67" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="6E98332C0E27140513F3512690DC745E" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="67">Distribution.</paragraph> <paragraph id="ECB083AC4F3065265F17A4B364D94E7F" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="67"> <paragraph id="750A85F75368C82B3EC1EEDE36D23063" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">
(Fig. 44).This species is widespread in southern Papua New Guinea, and was found on both coasts of the (Fig. 44).This species is widespread in southern Papua New Guinea, and was found on both coasts of the
<normalizedToken originalValue="“bird’s">&quot;bird's</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="F29FA1C7A2F152635C94927C3CB1E514" originalValue="“bird’s">&quot;bird's</normalizedToken>
neck&quot; in Indonesian Papua. It is also known from northern Australia, especially Queensland (Watson &amp; Abbey 1993). It occurs in savanna as well as in forest. neck&quot; in Indonesian Papua. It is also known from northern Australia, especially Queensland (Watson &amp; Abbey 1993). It occurs in savanna as well as in forest.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>

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<mods:namePart>Jablonski, Daniel</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="AC2F4921B216D822563E7F8FA181AD29">Jablonski, Daniel</mods:namePart>
</mods:name> </mods:name>
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<mods:namePart>Regan, John M.</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="E126A7D872B3049CDFF62EF64D2441CC">Regan, John M.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name> </mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal"> <mods:name id="F07A0082E490E21861DF31B634EC85AF" type="personal">
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</mods:role> </mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Holzheuser, Chace</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="B4278C0E987A503669A70437387F8D92">Holzheuser, Chace</mods:namePart>
</mods:name> </mods:name>
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</mods:role> </mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Farooqi, Javeed</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="CC0909F2C0149CFE77FEE50BBD3D7563">Farooqi, Javeed</mods:namePart>
</mods:name> </mods:name>
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<mods:namePart>Basit, Abdul</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="CE564F1B7498B16416AADAAC3947D8FE">Basit, Abdul</mods:namePart>
</mods:name> </mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal"> <mods:name id="A27860791DBC1A551088DF751ED08A7F" type="personal">
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</mods:role> </mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Masroor, Rafaqat</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="6B03BCB642D3EAC2A5BA5D1FCCB1AB9C">Masroor, Rafaqat</mods:namePart>
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<mods:titleInfo> <mods:titleInfo id="99EDAA79CDE8102EDFF3FB7BD0CCC5CE">
<mods:title>Herpetozoa</mods:title> <mods:title id="CD2C02BB399158DB5BF0AF9054A30592">Herpetozoa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo> </mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part> <mods:part id="3F7C986184AE1D9D287235ABC3E22BF2">
<mods:date>2019</mods:date> <mods:date id="068C686883C730E7C3C7DC2D0B718D60">2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume"> <mods:detail id="86314A20E29FC8DB641F4CF0157677B2" type="volume">
<mods:number>32</mods:number> <mods:number id="F0CFBC1C56ECC25CFE25CD9B2341AEF1">32</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page"> <mods:extent id="189F3565D707795D665B51ED458046FE" unit="page">
<mods:start>177</mods:start> <mods:start id="CDDB20553215063A4EBE2A795EEFA3F6">177</mods:start>
<mods:end>193</mods:end> <mods:end id="CAFB20D9CE77260FBB981AC0B8EC0579">193</mods:end>
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<mods:location> <mods:location id="5D810BF9628E12604B9969A5F499A32D">
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171</mods:url> <mods:url id="8F1402F53313128958900F9D0E760B27">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171</mods:url>
</mods:location> </mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification> <mods:classification id="8FD87847C19E9FB587587E1F3D9C251D">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171</mods:identifier> <mods:identifier id="8851815ADD108A6ED6DF9C32B305F778" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2682-955X-32-177</mods:identifier> <mods:identifier id="C62FBBD5B503AEF49F557C29A0880DB7" type="Pensoft-Pub">2682-955X-32-177</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">54B962BCDDA544CB84C33A7B6A8AB0D0</mods:identifier> <mods:identifier id="6CD539B0E86F6BEA3BE5FED07A7729B9" type="ZooBank">54B962BCDDA544CB84C33A7B6A8AB0D0</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods> </mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412909" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:61E1DC2140B65B0A8F5E2791643BD2A4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/61E1DC2140B65B0A8F5E2791643BD2A4" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <treatment id="61E1DC2140B65B0A8F5E2791643BD2A4" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412909" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:61E1DC2140B65B0A8F5E2791643BD2A4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/61E1DC2140B65B0A8F5E2791643BD2A4" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" scope_class="Reptilia" scope_family="Viperidae" scope_order="Squamata">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="nomenclature"> <subSubSection id="667D1F4C0384EB1AFB00955C587A8482" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="1FF1BED22A52E4E06C28A91E6A89336A" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<taxonomicName LSID="61E1DC2140B65B0A8F5E2791643BD2A4" authority="Schneider, 1801" authorityName="Schneider" authorityYear="1801" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Echis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echis carinatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carinatus">Echis carinatus (Schneider, 1801)</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="C2ADE62AF7E1107D805B90E037378553" ID-CoL="38LQF" LSID="61E1DC2140B65B0A8F5E2791643BD2A4" authority="Schneider, 1801" authorityName="Schneider" authorityYear="1801" family="Viperidae" genus="Echis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echis carinatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="carinatus">Echis carinatus (Schneider, 1801)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="E87EE45268D72D9B3C7CBCA316E1BFB3" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph> <paragraph id="3FEDD5A3715360A1CABCEAA9049CE351" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="FBB68C407D3F38965C58772BC539A0A4" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
This species has been recorded from various parts of Afghanistan (provinces Balkh, Farah, Helmand, Herat, Kandahar, Nangarhar, Nimroz; This species has been recorded from various parts of Afghanistan (provinces Balkh, Farah, Helmand, Herat, Kandahar, Nangarhar, Nimroz;
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="819F9E8A035CF211230AA10A6A5118E6" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
). These authors also mentioned a record at &quot; ). These authors also mentioned a record at &quot;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Sistan [Faizabad Prov.] (ZMUC R-6838)</emphasis> <emphasis id="FE6D50A893733086C245EEE534F606BF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Sistan [Faizabad Prov.] (ZMUC R-6838)</emphasis>
&quot;, p. 516. This record is probably incorrect as there is no Faizabad Prov. in Afghanistan and the city Faizabad (Fayzabad) is in Badakhshan Prov. (eastern Afghanistan). Moreover, the coordinates provided by authors in the Appendix 1 are the same as for locality &quot; &quot;, p. 516. This record is probably incorrect as there is no Faizabad Prov. in Afghanistan and the city Faizabad (Fayzabad) is in Badakhshan Prov. (eastern Afghanistan). Moreover, the coordinates provided by authors in the Appendix 1 are the same as for locality &quot;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Seistan [=Sistan area near Iran border</emphasis> <emphasis id="03E885F98FE19927529501624254E803" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Seistan [=Sistan area near Iran border</emphasis>
]&quot;, p. 556 (western Afghanistan). Thus, potential distribution in Badakhshan needs future clarification. ]&quot;, p. 556 (western Afghanistan). Thus, potential distribution in Badakhshan needs future clarification.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records"> <subSubSection id="4F4A1EFDDB25C00F528A3413CDD25695" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records.</paragraph> <paragraph id="4846E1A33E977D66AE17E70EA76C0F3A" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="E418240EFCDB0487945AC960BE856D6A" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar (27 March 2009), adult, subadult and juvenile individuals of both sexes ( Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar (27 March 2009), adult, subadult and juvenile individuals of both sexes (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Observed species of Colubridae and Viperidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of Hemorrhois ravergieri from Jurm, Badakhshan (photo by Glyn Morris); B - subadult individual of Platyceps rhodorachis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C - subadult individual of P. rhodorachis (striped phenotype) from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; D - adult individual of Ptyas mucosa from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - subadult individual of Spalerosophis diadema from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - subadult individual of S. diadema from Spin Boldak, Kandahar (photo by Ron Savage); G, H - subadult and adult individual of Echis carinatus from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339116" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9">Fig. 9G, H</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="10CC25C9CD63DC1BE023AD1CC05B3B58" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Observed species of Colubridae and Viperidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of Hemorrhois ravergieri from Jurm, Badakhshan (photo by Glyn Morris); B - subadult individual of Platyceps rhodorachis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C - subadult individual of P. rhodorachis (striped phenotype) from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; D - adult individual of Ptyas mucosa from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - subadult individual of Spalerosophis diadema from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - subadult individual of S. diadema from Spin Boldak, Kandahar (photo by Ron Savage); G, H - subadult and adult individual of Echis carinatus from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339116" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9">Fig. 9G, H</figureCitation>
) in the desert habitat with bushes near the runway. ) in the desert habitat with bushes near the runway.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks"> <subSubSection id="8BC3A1504E66E3880EBEAAAF2B314EB4" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph> <paragraph id="756A3CEEBE42E6EA93CA0B9016D7E712" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="F7D4E68B5DEF3590F02EDA84079972DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
This species is known from Kandahar city and its vicinity and our record corresponds with previous records presented by This species is known from Kandahar city and its vicinity and our record corresponds with previous records presented by
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al (2016)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="DEA6335D3F03E92C076DA3F22A04B669" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al (2016)</bibRefCitation>
. Therefore, we did not map this record. . Therefore, we did not map this record.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339117" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" start="Figure 10" startId="F10"> <caption id="F7FD52096214560F1DCD8B22D95C339D" doi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339117" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="525A50EAA0A20E9B15E6671B3A399059" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Figure 10.</emphasis> <emphasis id="6549707051E0ADCBC7E5181AE525F7D9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Figure 10.</emphasis>
View on selected localities from Afghanistan that were visited: A - habitat of View on selected localities from Afghanistan that were visited: A - habitat of
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Bufotes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bufotes viridis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridis"> <taxonomicName id="984EB4D5D00EDD10BEAA35EEF1C3DCF6" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Bufotes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bufotes viridis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Bufotes viridis</emphasis> <emphasis id="91ADCF332B222F8B0144E47CC51539C4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Bufotes viridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
complex and complex and
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cyanophlyctis"> <taxonomicName id="4A0FD25C9FAD9F9A9D31853BFC758DED" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cyanophlyctis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis</emphasis> <emphasis id="32804F5CDBCC3D7D7DCE9B2336EDDC6A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - stony, semi-desert habitat of from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - stony, semi-desert habitat of
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Eremias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremias nigrocellata" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigrocellata">Eremias aff. nigrocellata</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="46E952BD1AF5A63AFF10089B07D5C1A7" class="Squamata" family="Lacertidae" genus="Eremias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremias nigrocellata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigrocellata">Eremias aff. nigrocellata</taxonomicName>
from Kaldar, Balkh; C - semi-desert habitat of from Kaldar, Balkh; C - semi-desert habitat of
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Trapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trapelus agilis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agilis"> <taxonomicName id="D4A132E567E62F47415EEA0B070C63F6" class="Squamata" family="Agamidae" genus="Trapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trapelus agilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Trapelus agilis</emphasis> <emphasis id="E633E430F1CB3383C279747F37AD70CF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Trapelus agilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
from Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan; D - vicinity of small village Waza Kwah, Paktika as habitat of from Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan; D - vicinity of small village Waza Kwah, Paktika as habitat of
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Testudo horsfieldii" order="Testudines" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="horsfieldii"> <taxonomicName id="2CBC31A5D6905E85A2EAAA352DF16DCB" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Testudo horsfieldii" order="Cryptodira" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="horsfieldii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Testudo horsfieldii</emphasis> <emphasis id="4014282022B2710A8C6AD3161D8065CA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Testudo horsfieldii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
; E - desert habitat of ; E - desert habitat of
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtopodion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtopodion agamuroides" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agamuroides"> <taxonomicName id="C08CFA3DF500966B849821295CB01826" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtopodion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtopodion agamuroides" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agamuroides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Cyrtopodion agamuroides</emphasis> <emphasis id="E0998330283CD8ED00C174101C2352A9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Cyrtopodion agamuroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; F - burrows in semi-desert habitat that were used by complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; F - burrows in semi-desert habitat that were used by
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Eremias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremias persica" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="persica"> <taxonomicName id="96E60D6CE0A2D98F25E22E8843BF4655" class="Squamata" family="Lacertidae" genus="Eremias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremias persica" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="persica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Eremias persica</emphasis> <emphasis id="310EB9D73925212308633A4EABCC923A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Eremias persica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
as a shelter, Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. as a shelter, Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar.
</paragraph> </paragraph>

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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032249" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6779A127411059ABFD39D110F046C667" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6779A127411059ABFD39D110F046C667" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="8" pageNumber="63"> <treatment id="6779A127411059ABFD39D110F046C667" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032249" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6779A127411059ABFD39D110F046C667" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6779A127411059ABFD39D110F046C667" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" scope_family="Rhinotermitidae" scope_infraOrder="Isoptera">
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="63" type="nomenclature"> <subSubSection id="9148227E51DB7483E9F96FDAAC421CE7" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="63"> <paragraph id="AB1A3DFA2EDFDFC504A8077BC27A610B" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Coptotermes_pamuae" authority="Snyder, 1925" authorityName="Snyder" authorityYear="1925" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes pamuae" order="Blattodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pamuae">Coptotermes pamuae Snyder, 1925</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="A41D95BE1DAB49E3E2DE5FA837FB7A61" ID-CoL="Y8JY" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Coptotermes_pamuae" authority="Snyder, 1925" authorityName="Snyder" authorityYear="1925" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes pamuae" order="Blattodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pamuae">Coptotermes pamuae Snyder, 1925</taxonomicName>
Figs 22-2531 Figs 22-2531
</paragraph> </paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="63" type="reference_group"> <subSubSection id="BB6B8EB29802A0076253C8DBDCC8EF14" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="63"> <paragraph id="4274FEB4B597951AD1A20EBC2CF77341" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes pamuae" order="Blattodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pamuae">Coptotermes pamuae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="85ED31F14C9B78533342B45FD8EAAB6B" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes pamuae" order="Blattodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pamuae">Coptotermes pamuae</taxonomicName>
Snyder, 1925: 402. Snyder, 1925: 402.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="63" type="material examined"> <subSubSection id="A0466CE46F4254ACB54FAA1E6E8E1F94" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Material examined.</paragraph> <paragraph id="5BA64FBCB8F32BD0FE7B4CB6AC99029E" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Paratype soldier from type colony:SOLOMON ISLANDS:San Cristobal: Pamua, viii.1916 (W.M. Mann) (AMNH). PAPUA NEW GUINEA:National Capital: UPNG campus, 04.xii.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1338); Central: Varirata National Park, 06.xii.1988 (YR &amp; Phille P. Daur) (#PNGT1348); Fly: Morehead, 27.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1466); Wipim, 30.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1486).</paragraph> <paragraph id="A240681AA8E65027B23D9F6F14A5115C" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Paratype soldier from type colony:SOLOMON ISLANDS:San Cristobal: Pamua, viii.1916 (W.M. Mann) (AMNH). PAPUA NEW GUINEA:National Capital: UPNG campus, 04.xii.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1338); Central: Varirata National Park, 06.xii.1988 (YR &amp; Phille P. Daur) (#PNGT1348); Fly: Morehead, 27.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1466); Wipim, 30.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1486).</paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="63" type="imago"> <subSubSection id="F7A4F6E820F6A03AA878A8DD73FDA985" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" type="imago">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Imago.</paragraph> <paragraph id="1FFE17477DA8A0679D9BBF367819B571" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Imago.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Unknown.</paragraph> <paragraph id="5A4EB385FC65AFF1602DD135A3D949AE" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="63" type="soldier"> <subSubSection id="D28FF53864E7D65AC0CFF89B3A67116A" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" type="soldier">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Soldier.</paragraph> <paragraph id="30D31D592ADCE616C9B8E33AF4D7E6B0" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Soldier.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="63">(Figs 22-25). Soldiers of medium size. Head elongated, egg-shaped, slightly larger posteriorly than anteriorly, covered by about 30 setae. Fontanelle narrow, with opening directed forward. Antennae generally with 13 articles, sometimes with 14 articles. Pronotum short and narrow, covered by about 40 setae. Mandibles elongated, slightly curved at tip. Measurements (mm) of 1 paratype and 12 soldiers from 4 colonies (parentheses): HLF: 1.28 (1.11-1.27); HLL: 1.70 (1.58-1.79); HW: 1.12 (1.00-1.10); PL: 0.41 (0.31-0.44); PW: 0.79 (0.63-0.74); RML: 0.77 (0.89-0.98); MPW: 0.37 (0.28-0.32); T3L: 0.82 (0.92-1.08).</paragraph> <paragraph id="6A59F18A7CBEF1970299DF9D97783378" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">(Figs 22-25). Soldiers of medium size. Head elongated, egg-shaped, slightly larger posteriorly than anteriorly, covered by about 30 setae. Fontanelle narrow, with opening directed forward. Antennae generally with 13 articles, sometimes with 14 articles. Pronotum short and narrow, covered by about 40 setae. Mandibles elongated, slightly curved at tip. Measurements (mm) of 1 paratype and 12 soldiers from 4 colonies (parentheses): HLF: 1.28 (1.11-1.27); HLL: 1.70 (1.58-1.79); HW: 1.12 (1.00-1.10); PL: 0.41 (0.31-0.44); PW: 0.79 (0.63-0.74); RML: 0.77 (0.89-0.98); MPW: 0.37 (0.28-0.32); T3L: 0.82 (0.92-1.08).</paragraph>
<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="63"> <caption id="398D2B59F4DB4FA1C6059A3EBBD4F88D" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="63"> <paragraph id="E20796A9E196ABFEED3ED850646B9743" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">
Figures 22-25. Figures 22-25.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes pamuae" order="Blattodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pamuae">Coptotermes pamuae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="2572CC2459D6E17E577FBD232F22BB08" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes pamuae" order="Blattodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pamuae">Coptotermes pamuae</taxonomicName>
. Soldier: 22 head; 23 pronotum; 24 left mandible; 25 right mandible. Scale bars: 2:2 0.5mm; 23, 24, 25: 0.2mm. . Soldier: 22 head; 23 pronotum; 24 left mandible; 25 right mandible. Scale bars: 2:2 0.5mm; 23, 24, 25: 0.2mm.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="63" type="comparisons"> <subSubSection id="8E72B4C792AD9A4F11B567153B5FFFC0" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" type="comparisons">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Comparisons.</paragraph> <paragraph id="7677437E2B36F3A623B3F11818DE31FF" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Comparisons.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="63"> <paragraph id="6B8911D7639FA1C147CF25D3543B460D" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">
This species is closely related and imperfectly separated from This species is closely related and imperfectly separated from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes grandiceps" order="Blattodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandiceps">Coptotermes grandiceps</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="DB01CCC7746D513911FF714D762D62C6" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes grandiceps" order="Blattodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandiceps">Coptotermes grandiceps</taxonomicName>
. However, the size and morphological differences between the two species are high enough to retain them as distinct taxa, even though some individuals cannot be unambiguously assigned. The same was already observed in the related Australian species . However, the size and morphological differences between the two species are high enough to retain them as distinct taxa, even though some individuals cannot be unambiguously assigned. The same was already observed in the related Australian species
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes acinaciformis" order="Blattodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acinaciformis">Coptotermes acinaciformis</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="263E9E867AF142A44B60DE348A799D4A" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes acinaciformis" order="Blattodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acinaciformis">Coptotermes acinaciformis</taxonomicName>
Froggatt, which is believed to form a species complex ( Froggatt, which is believed to form a species complex (
<bibRefCitation author="Brown, WV" journalOrPublisher="Sociobiology" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="305 - 328" title="Preliminary examination of cuticular hydrocarbons of worker termites as chemotaxonomic characters for some Australian species of Coptotermes (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)." volume="16" year="1990">Brown et al. 1990</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="864A0278AFF75D9787392BB283924281" author="Brown, WV" journalOrPublisher="Sociobiology" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="305 - 328" title="Preliminary examination of cuticular hydrocarbons of worker termites as chemotaxonomic characters for some Australian species of Coptotermes (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)." volume="16" year="1990">Brown et al. 1990</bibRefCitation>
). The main criteria differentiating ). The main criteria differentiating
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes pamuae" order="Blattodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pamuae">Coptotermes pamuae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="6370B036DD9C37F2366C48DD0FF3CB74" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes pamuae" order="Blattodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pamuae">Coptotermes pamuae</taxonomicName>
from from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes grandiceps" order="Blattodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandiceps">Coptotermes grandiceps</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="05CD8A9D4969CE7EBE5CC2B0B62ED97C" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes grandiceps" order="Blattodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandiceps">Coptotermes grandiceps</taxonomicName>
are its smaller soldiers with less hairy pronotum and less curved mandibles. are its smaller soldiers with less hairy pronotum and less curved mandibles.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="63" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="C3D1BFFA8794EBEE584DF1A74CA9D73F" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Distribution.</paragraph> <paragraph id="13B1884AEC7C7B1FBE2FF3E122121B88" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="63">(Fig. 31). This species, originally described from the Solomon Islands, was only collected in southern Papua New Guinea (Fly savannas and the Port Moresby region).</paragraph> <paragraph id="24D42E8B915641BEE9E2C0DD6B8BAAEE" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">(Fig. 31). This species, originally described from the Solomon Islands, was only collected in southern Papua New Guinea (Fly savannas and the Port Moresby region).</paragraph>
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</treatment> </treatment>
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<mods:namePart>Bourguignon, Thomas</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="B6AD4FDA39ED7240CF1002E1C504BB7E">Bourguignon, Thomas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Roisin, Yves</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="6BBC76056B39AFAC50478B6305D749B3">Roisin, Yves</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title> <mods:title id="10B4D1F3A51247AD7BA1CD4D6108B9CA">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date> <mods:date id="0FFE6FE3FA67267468E8E035658F5C17">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number>148</mods:number> <mods:number id="1E7AF039C7F900809DC8910D91B5783B">148</mods:number>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.148.1826</mods:url> <mods:url id="0A444C3D5FAB5C5D1C882BBD7F6EAF39">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.148.1826</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-148-55</mods:identifier> <mods:identifier id="35D107D064A4EA657CF2D664773F85B3" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-148-55</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032235" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6DC7C3FF21AA07FB6A6A29652FDFFCC3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6DC7C3FF21AA07FB6A6A29652FDFFCC3" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="17" pageNumber="72"> <treatment id="6DC7C3FF21AA07FB6A6A29652FDFFCC3" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032235" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6DC7C3FF21AA07FB6A6A29652FDFFCC3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6DC7C3FF21AA07FB6A6A29652FDFFCC3" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" scope_family="Rhinotermitidae" scope_infraOrder="Isoptera">
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="72" type="nomenclature"> <subSubSection id="2D1911BAC552E37B626A60C9A64F8065" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="72"> <paragraph id="4B0FE752564309A93FD630E548FD95AB" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Schedorhinotermes_malaccensis" authority="Holmgren, 1913" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes malaccensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malaccensis">Schedorhinotermes malaccensis (Holmgren, 1913)</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="CE7923D9B00B5E190B12B40E3029D038" ID-CoL="4V6HT" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Schedorhinotermes_malaccensis" authority="Holmgren, 1913" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes malaccensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malaccensis">Schedorhinotermes malaccensis (Holmgren, 1913)</taxonomicName>
Figs 62-6782 Figs 62-6782
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="72" type="reference_group"> <subSubSection id="0707BB719441B084807610998B1FB3F8" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="72"> <paragraph id="4B746462A223D3D8F8E4EC86AC9365AD" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhinotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="BFC3153EAF090E8420BF8130CEE04AE8" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhinotermes</taxonomicName>
( (
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schedorhinotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="C653ECC4327BCFCBE1CF844F6F569180" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schedorhinotermes</taxonomicName>
) malaccensis ) malaccensis
<bibRefCitation author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 276" title="Termitenstudien. 4. Versuch einer systematischen Monographie der Termiten der orientalischen Region." volume="50" year="1913">Holmgren 1913</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="28F1F1CEFA420717A30284318D50F1C4" author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 276" title="Termitenstudien. 4. Versuch einer systematischen Monographie der Termiten der orientalischen Region." volume="50" year="1913">Holmgren 1913</bibRefCitation>
: 86. : 86.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="72"> <paragraph id="A79D57659E2C8913CC8451ACCEFC6E20" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes malaccensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malaccensis">Schedorhinotermes malaccensis</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="033F1FDDBB0E3115D25517AC9FD08596" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes malaccensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malaccensis">Schedorhinotermes malaccensis</taxonomicName>
(Holmgren). (Holmgren).
<bibRefCitation author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution, Washington" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Catalog of the Termites (Isoptera) of the World." year="1949">Snyder 1949</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="695E0C0E29F67BE94A51AD541DB7360A" author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution, Washington" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Catalog of the Termites (Isoptera) of the World." year="1949">Snyder 1949</bibRefCitation>
: 93. : 93.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="72" type="material examined"> <subSubSection id="65B6039DA89098E3D2AAEFAEE9F26B65" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Material examined.</paragraph> <paragraph id="BED76359A7C42E47CDD92FF832ACB887" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Paratype: NHRS collections. Other material: INDONESIA: Papua: Pusppenssat-IrJa, 13.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT15); Road Nabire-Mapia km 48, 15.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT43).</paragraph> <paragraph id="E2A8DEB0357D4E0F38FF037C8A417712" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Paratype: NHRS collections. Other material: INDONESIA: Papua: Pusppenssat-IrJa, 13.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT15); Road Nabire-Mapia km 48, 15.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT43).</paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="72" type="imago"> <subSubSection id="C7E6E13136B457F921BF0200613DAB05" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" type="imago">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Imago.</paragraph> <paragraph id="69979D2666A1C5EE80873FCB380A472F" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Imago.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Unknown.</paragraph> <paragraph id="416D3445D0251FBF7C50903EDD57AF71" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="72" type="major soldier"> <subSubSection id="6623A770B66B93325CD2DDFC4E2B95DB" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" type="major soldier">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Major soldier.</paragraph> <paragraph id="32C37A8A21BAED65B02B25AF0CB88F94" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Major soldier.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="72">(Figs 62, 64-65). Soldiers of large size. Head rounded, as long as large, covered by about 20 setae. Labrum short and large. Antennae generally with 16 articles. Pronotum large, covered by about 15 setae situated on the edges. Mesonotum and metanotum covered by about 10 setae on posterior margin. Abdomen covered by about 10 setae per segment. Mandibles very large. Right mandible with large hump at the basis. Measurements (mm) of 6 major soldiers from 2 colonies: HLC: 1.70-2.09; HLL: 2.03-2.43; HW: 1.95-2.04; PW: 1.17-1.25; RML: 1.07-1.15; mPW: 0.26-0.34; T3L: 1.54-1.64.</paragraph> <paragraph id="9BF039618579F28568F9E05702D6FE9E" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">(Figs 62, 64-65). Soldiers of large size. Head rounded, as long as large, covered by about 20 setae. Labrum short and large. Antennae generally with 16 articles. Pronotum large, covered by about 15 setae situated on the edges. Mesonotum and metanotum covered by about 10 setae on posterior margin. Abdomen covered by about 10 setae per segment. Mandibles very large. Right mandible with large hump at the basis. Measurements (mm) of 6 major soldiers from 2 colonies: HLC: 1.70-2.09; HLL: 2.03-2.43; HW: 1.95-2.04; PW: 1.17-1.25; RML: 1.07-1.15; mPW: 0.26-0.34; T3L: 1.54-1.64.</paragraph>
<caption pageId="17" pageNumber="72"> <caption id="98154AAD346B50D9F9EBEA33453B2D68" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="72"> <paragraph id="3F92BE22981DAC21B3C633404C61B93C" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">
Figures 62-67. Figures 62-67.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes malaccensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malaccensis">Schedorhinotermes malaccensis</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="89D8029460897E4AEAD6C6447821A876" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes malaccensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malaccensis">Schedorhinotermes malaccensis</taxonomicName>
. Major soldier: 62 head; 64 left mandible; 65 right mandible. Minor soldier: 63 head; 66 left mandible; 67 right mandible. Scale bars: 62, 63: 0.5mm; 64, 65, 66, 67: 0.2mm. . Major soldier: 62 head; 64 left mandible; 65 right mandible. Minor soldier: 63 head; 66 left mandible; 67 right mandible. Scale bars: 62, 63: 0.5mm; 64, 65, 66, 67: 0.2mm.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="72" type="minor soldier"> <subSubSection id="CC79B13220ECCA70A8E0F376F30AC998" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" type="minor soldier">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Minor soldier.</paragraph> <paragraph id="612FDAD40ECFDF40F07FABB44A5D382E" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Minor soldier.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="72">(Figs 63, 66-67). Head covered by 5 to 10 setae. Labrum moderately elongated, almost reaching the tip of mandibles. Fronto-clypeus short and wide. Antennae with 15 or 16 articles. Pronotum with about 10 setae placed on the edges. Mesonotum and metanotum with about 8 setae on the posterior edge. Mandibles elongated, slender, with short subsidiary teeth. Measurements (mm) of 1 minor soldier from the type colony and 6 minor soldiers from 2 colonies (parentheses): HLC: 1.28 (1.01-1.22); HLL: 1.77 (1.52-1.78); HW: 1.00 (0.81-0.95); PL: 0.50 (0.37-0.49); PW: 0.70 (0.59-0.73); RML: 0.85 (0.72-0.87); MPW: 0.36 (0.30-0.35); T3L: 1.18 (1.03-1.14).</paragraph> <paragraph id="17D5845BD846A5A0D6F5594D4FC92486" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">(Figs 63, 66-67). Head covered by 5 to 10 setae. Labrum moderately elongated, almost reaching the tip of mandibles. Fronto-clypeus short and wide. Antennae with 15 or 16 articles. Pronotum with about 10 setae placed on the edges. Mesonotum and metanotum with about 8 setae on the posterior edge. Mandibles elongated, slender, with short subsidiary teeth. Measurements (mm) of 1 minor soldier from the type colony and 6 minor soldiers from 2 colonies (parentheses): HLC: 1.28 (1.01-1.22); HLL: 1.77 (1.52-1.78); HW: 1.00 (0.81-0.95); PL: 0.50 (0.37-0.49); PW: 0.70 (0.59-0.73); RML: 0.85 (0.72-0.87); MPW: 0.36 (0.30-0.35); T3L: 1.18 (1.03-1.14).</paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="72" type="comparisons"> <subSubSection id="59543F29C66438B6F977C36419D93B41" pageId="17" pageNumber="72" type="comparisons">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Comparisons.</paragraph> <paragraph id="20850AACA0DFC43E12E3C8E4381249AC" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">Comparisons.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="72">This species is easily distinguished from other New Guinean species by the large rounded head and stout mandibles of its major soldiers.</paragraph> <paragraph id="2E06EBF707EBE634B6F300026FC8FBFC" pageId="17" pageNumber="72">This species is easily distinguished from other New Guinean species by the large rounded head and stout mandibles of its major soldiers.</paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="73" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="1C02E879394A10D377E0876196A4D255" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="73"> <paragraph id="36F050BE758BA9E9FB7795BD5FE7A9A4" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">
<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="73" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken> <pageBreakToken id="4043884E7A83E47BC4A8952E31517552" pageId="18" pageNumber="73" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
. .
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="73"> <paragraph id="8012B795C7F891C4B682D70454CE06C9" pageId="18" pageNumber="73">
(Fig. 82). This species is widespread throughout Sundaland ( (Fig. 82). This species is widespread throughout Sundaland (
<bibRefCitation author="Gathorne-Hardy, FJ" journalOrPublisher="The Sarawak Museum Journal" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="89 - 133" title="The termites of Sundaland: a taxonomic review." volume="60" year="2004">Gathorne-Hardy 2004</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="CAAE14EBA37B668195A72D2E1BC9FFCE" author="Gathorne-Hardy, FJ" journalOrPublisher="The Sarawak Museum Journal" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="89 - 133" title="The termites of Sundaland: a taxonomic review." volume="60" year="2004">Gathorne-Hardy 2004</bibRefCitation>
). In New Guinea, it was only collected twice in northwestern Papua. ). In New Guinea, it was only collected twice in northwestern Papua.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>

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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412938" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:76846A25228E59D88F7980EF38830FEC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/76846A25228E59D88F7980EF38830FEC" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <treatment id="76846A25228E59D88F7980EF38830FEC" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412938" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:76846A25228E59D88F7980EF38830FEC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/76846A25228E59D88F7980EF38830FEC" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" scope_class="Reptilia" scope_family="Gekkonidae" scope_order="Squamata">
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<taxonomicName LSID="76846A25228E59D88F7980EF38830FEC" authority="Golubev &amp; Szczerbak, 1979" authorityName="Golubev &amp; Szczerbak" authorityYear="1979" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Altiphylax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Altiphylax levitoni" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="levitoni">Altiphylax levitoni (Golubev &amp; Szczerbak, 1979)</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="13F613FBA0187E9B007465AED4B2E24B" ID-CoL="669TV" LSID="76846A25228E59D88F7980EF38830FEC" authority="Golubev &amp; Szczerbak, 1979" authorityName="Golubev &amp; Szczerbak" authorityYear="1979" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Altiphylax" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Altiphylax levitoni" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="levitoni">Altiphylax levitoni (Golubev &amp; Szczerbak, 1979)</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph> <paragraph id="DEA0EF4DDFB68F56E30B5834DCF7C358" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="39B6C1F654B5890EE20FF90CA5C8554B" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
Known only from three provinces in the central-eastern part of the country (Ghazni, Kabul, Logar; Known only from three provinces in the central-eastern part of the country (Ghazni, Kabul, Logar;
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="39FB1E6CD1508213A37493E73F73DEB6" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
) )
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records"> <subSubSection id="6E9F899B91B8BF157C9A440A1BECB0BA" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records.</paragraph> <paragraph id="40A8989D12068A36DA4B94E4C191B804" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="3E5FEE175CE6065DFEDDB86F1FB9C10B" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul (20 May 2011), one adult and one subadult individual ( Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul (20 May 2011), one adult and one subadult individual (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Observed species of the Gekkonidae family from Afghanistan: A - subadult individual of Altiphylax levitoni from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; B - juvenile individual of Cyrtopodion scabrum from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C, D - subadult individual of C. agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; E - adult individual of C. watsoni from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - adult individual of C. scabrum from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; G - adult individual of C. scabrum from Lashkargah, Helmand; H - adult individual of C. scabrum from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; I - adult individual of Tenuidactylus caspius from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339113" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6">Fig. 6A</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="DB718448CF8D6024C066C4F113603DA3" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Observed species of the Gekkonidae family from Afghanistan: A - subadult individual of Altiphylax levitoni from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; B - juvenile individual of Cyrtopodion scabrum from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C, D - subadult individual of C. agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; E - adult individual of C. watsoni from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - adult individual of C. scabrum from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; G - adult individual of C. scabrum from Lashkargah, Helmand; H - adult individual of C. scabrum from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; I - adult individual of Tenuidactylus caspius from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339113" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
) were observed in the rocky area of the Darul Aman palace ruins. ) were observed in the rocky area of the Darul Aman palace ruins.
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks"> <subSubSection id="C67CBCED92D7D375B17AE61D33FBA283" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph> <paragraph id="09B4E94867FA27FFA358EFECB9178885" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="1C2F0113B9F024DC5D74DF7B23D753BC" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
This species is known from Kabul city and its vicinity. Our record clearly falls in close proximity of known localities for the species. Therefore, we did not map this record. This species is mentioned as &quot; This species is known from Kabul city and its vicinity. Our record clearly falls in close proximity of known localities for the species. Therefore, we did not map this record. This species is mentioned as &quot;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Unidentified Gecko</emphasis> <emphasis id="94E22697CD3181C1DA3BDEF0433BEB2F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Unidentified Gecko</emphasis>
&quot; in &quot; in
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="7033AAA609FA4A0F96118F3FD46E3242" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017</bibRefCitation>
; p. 29). ; p. 29).
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Genus Genus
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="70"> <paragraph id="40590141AB4D608F4E6EE045A7BB167C" pageId="15" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhinotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="AA6B7EEA03809F5325B67CD039D69BEF" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhinotermes</taxonomicName>
( (
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schedorhinotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="68DC4023B79E16E203212CBE38AEC876" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schedorhinotermes</taxonomicName>
) Silvestri 1909: 289. ) Silvestri 1909: 289.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="70"> <paragraph id="F864366BB3AD676B859795B9698B8B79" pageId="15" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schedorhinotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="B7A11C2B84D870007B77C1AB348A9677" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schedorhinotermes</taxonomicName>
Silvestri. Snyder, 1949: 89. Silvestri. Snyder, 1949: 89.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="70" type="type species"> <subSubSection id="019B8A8A54FAE173AA79D27A8920426B" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" type="type species">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="70">Type species.</paragraph> <paragraph id="343A5E4A1D5C7D838E01534F2C51D806" pageId="15" pageNumber="70">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="70"> <paragraph id="87B958BF45A4BF6190E3B476459E97BB" pageId="15" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinotermes intermedius" order="Blattodea" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intermedius">Rhinotermes intermedius</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="DC0329DA2401EA8587A3BED83FA21E9D" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinotermes intermedius" order="Blattodea" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intermedius">Rhinotermes intermedius</taxonomicName>
Brauer, 1865, by original designation. Brauer, 1865, by original designation.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="70" type="diagnosis"> <subSubSection id="E10B50441380BCD970210BFA516D051A" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="70">Diagnosis.</paragraph> <paragraph id="3F137C94159C413ABBBDCF9F4586D47D" pageId="15" pageNumber="70">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="70"> <paragraph id="A3EA649134057F48A8ED7FF653A9B050" pageId="15" pageNumber="70">
Imagoes very similar to those of Imagoes very similar to those of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Parrhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parrhinotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="DA20338E178D058C714E295D2238508A" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Parrhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parrhinotermes</taxonomicName>
. Head approximately circular in shape. Fontanelle situated in the middle of the head. Frons with a slightly visible groove. Labrum short, inclined downward, without groove. Soldiers generally dimorphic and sometimes trimorphic. All species described here have dimorphic soldiers, excepted . Head approximately circular in shape. Fontanelle situated in the middle of the head. Frons with a slightly visible groove. Labrum short, inclined downward, without groove. Soldiers generally dimorphic and sometimes trimorphic. All species described here have dimorphic soldiers, excepted
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes seclusus" order="Blattodea" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seclusus">Schedorhinotermes seclusus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="4F2604D7895A8AF9511C7AB944622994" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes seclusus" order="Blattodea" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seclusus">Schedorhinotermes seclusus</taxonomicName>
in which the minor soldiers can sometimes be further separated into two morphs ( in which the minor soldiers can sometimes be further separated into two morphs (
<bibRefCitation author="Miller, LR" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Australian entomological Society" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="235 - 236" title="Trimorphic soldiers in Schedorhinotermes seclusus (Hill) (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) and notes on biology." url="10.1111/j.1440-6055.1987.tb00293.x" volume="26" year="1987">Miller 1987</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="AD6D1532D34324B1AD29D764C9F4DF23" author="Miller, LR" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Australian entomological Society" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="235 - 236" title="Trimorphic soldiers in Schedorhinotermes seclusus (Hill) (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) and notes on biology." url="10.1111/j.1440-6055.1987.tb00293.x" volume="26" year="1987">Miller 1987</bibRefCitation>
). Minor soldiers with elongated head. Frons and clypeus with a groove in the middle that joins the opening of the fontanelle to the labrum. Labrum elongated, crossed by a groove in the middle, ending in a brush. Mandibles long and slender. Left mandible with two short subsidiary teeth. Right mandible with one short subsidiary tooth. Major soldiers with labrum proportionally shorter than in minor soldiers. Frons and clypeus with a groove in the middle, from the fontanelle to the labrum. Labrum short and large, with a groove in the middle and an apical brush. Mandibles stout and strongly curved. Left mandible with two large subsidiary teeth. Right mandible with one large subsidiary tooth, as well as a hump at the base. Major soldiers supply more relevant systematic information to distinguish species. ). Minor soldiers with elongated head. Frons and clypeus with a groove in the middle that joins the opening of the fontanelle to the labrum. Labrum elongated, crossed by a groove in the middle, ending in a brush. Mandibles long and slender. Left mandible with two short subsidiary teeth. Right mandible with one short subsidiary tooth. Major soldiers with labrum proportionally shorter than in minor soldiers. Frons and clypeus with a groove in the middle, from the fontanelle to the labrum. Labrum short and large, with a groove in the middle and an apical brush. Mandibles stout and strongly curved. Left mandible with two large subsidiary teeth. Right mandible with one large subsidiary tooth, as well as a hump at the base. Major soldiers supply more relevant systematic information to distinguish species.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="70" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="6F6F9877345FCD33DC44FBABB5EC5EE5" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="70">Distribution.</paragraph> <paragraph id="90B26037DECF39C8591500DF70B94000" pageId="15" pageNumber="70">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="70"> <paragraph id="C1C0C07E33B43B54616ACE058B2A4467" pageId="15" pageNumber="70">
This genus is known from Africa, Southeast Asia, the Papuan region and Australia ( This genus is known from Africa, Southeast Asia, the Papuan region and Australia (
<bibRefCitation author="Emerson, AE" journalOrPublisher="Fieldiana Zoology" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="465 - 521" title="Geographical origins and dispersions of termite genera." volume="37" year="1955">Emerson 1955</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="C4095FA03264277147FD4207671B1907" author="Emerson, AE" journalOrPublisher="Fieldiana Zoology" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="465 - 521" title="Geographical origins and dispersions of termite genera." volume="37" year="1955">Emerson 1955</bibRefCitation>
, ,
<bibRefCitation author="Harris, WV" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London (B)" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="103 - 113" title="African termites of the genus Schedorhinotermes (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) and associated termitophiles (Lepidoptera: Tineidae)." volume="37" year="1968">Harris 1968</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="D2C8DE214FC606E6FDA9A48D9AD0B1BD" author="Harris, WV" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London (B)" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="103 - 113" title="African termites of the genus Schedorhinotermes (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) and associated termitophiles (Lepidoptera: Tineidae)." volume="37" year="1968">Harris 1968</bibRefCitation>
). It feeds on dead wood. ). It feeds on dead wood.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>

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<taxonomicName LSID="79A37F2604C95E2CB1C60AE9D5566CD7" authority="Eichwald, 1831" authorityName="Eichwald" authorityYear="1831" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Tenuidactylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tenuidactylus caspius" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caspius">Tenuidactylus caspius (Eichwald, 1831)</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="FA61E5D332FA0A0306A1A692F0E5FBD8" ID-CoL="55B9H" LSID="79A37F2604C95E2CB1C60AE9D5566CD7" authority="Eichwald, 1831" authorityName="Eichwald" authorityYear="1831" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Tenuidactylus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tenuidactylus caspius" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="caspius">Tenuidactylus caspius (Eichwald, 1831)</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph> <paragraph id="3E457DDC9C827AE819BABDD7507352E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="06D07FEE6B3316EDF574E6C982460684" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
This species is known from northern parts of the country (provinces Badakhshan, Baghlan, Balkh, Herat, Jowzjan) and north-eastern (Kabul Prov.; This species is known from northern parts of the country (provinces Badakhshan, Baghlan, Balkh, Herat, Jowzjan) and north-eastern (Kabul Prov.;
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="AA06316050C2FFDDCB6B5EBBC28E237A" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records"> <subSubSection id="C49DF1A28B8901798A96E90AC42B0135" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records.</paragraph> <paragraph id="3A065F5C0D51D7633FAEEC13ED740B4A" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="B5F232765F4944B8A156BC1F65F2EA6F" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh (3 September 2010), one adult individual observed in a building of the camp ( Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh (3 September 2010), one adult individual observed in a building of the camp (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Observed species of the Gekkonidae family from Afghanistan: A - subadult individual of Altiphylax levitoni from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; B - juvenile individual of Cyrtopodion scabrum from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C, D - subadult individual of C. agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; E - adult individual of C. watsoni from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - adult individual of C. scabrum from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; G - adult individual of C. scabrum from Lashkargah, Helmand; H - adult individual of C. scabrum from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; I - adult individual of Tenuidactylus caspius from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339113" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6">Fig. 6I</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="6FBAF8E49C7B9499EE590286DA23B702" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Observed species of the Gekkonidae family from Afghanistan: A - subadult individual of Altiphylax levitoni from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; B - juvenile individual of Cyrtopodion scabrum from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C, D - subadult individual of C. agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; E - adult individual of C. watsoni from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - adult individual of C. scabrum from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; G - adult individual of C. scabrum from Lashkargah, Helmand; H - adult individual of C. scabrum from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; I - adult individual of Tenuidactylus caspius from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339113" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6">Fig. 6I</figureCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks"> <subSubSection id="32E9C3647352531434446FCF79391CEC" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph> <paragraph id="0E558F5F45950630ECD6A5CDF47447E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="B058D9D9C86EDAF1EE3C14F8144CB98D" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
This species is already known from Mazar-i-Sharif and Balkh Province. Therefore, we did not map this record. The observation and species status is correctly described in This species is already known from Mazar-i-Sharif and Balkh Province. Therefore, we did not map this record. The observation and species status is correctly described in
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="15B12C131F0E4C9D8B6D1285BAABE02E" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017)</bibRefCitation>
on p. 26 (upper photo). on p. 26 (upper photo).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>

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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032243" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:831B8C244409822C99E7FDF18FF59492" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/831B8C244409822C99E7FDF18FF59492" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="24" pageNumber="79"> <treatment id="831B8C244409822C99E7FDF18FF59492" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032243" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:831B8C244409822C99E7FDF18FF59492" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/831B8C244409822C99E7FDF18FF59492" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" scope_family="Rhinotermitidae" scope_infraOrder="Isoptera">
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="79" type="nomenclature"> <subSubSection id="8C4D55457FF377C3BA6CFC789AD954E6" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="79"> <paragraph id="EF882F21E45A3EF7F27B7733D8E846EA" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">
Genus Genus
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Prorhinotermes" authority="Silvestri, 1909" authorityName="Silvestri" authorityYear="1909" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Prorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Prorhinotermes Silvestri, 1909</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="094BD795EE7B048995CFD78026545FFC" ID-CoL="8NP72" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Prorhinotermes" authority="Silvestri, 1909" authorityName="Silvestri" authorityYear="1909" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Prorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Prorhinotermes Silvestri, 1909</taxonomicName>
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="79" type="reference_group"> <subSubSection id="9EDE7F06F236ADB09D413236F7A5FBD5" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="79"> <paragraph id="2520E2981862D5D5A18BC6961C1CEC70" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Prorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Prorhinotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="E726BAA9FF939BF4C2A351F96D5D341C" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Prorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Prorhinotermes</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation pageId="24" pageNumber="79">Silvestri 1909</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="7026E44B2AEFE1CC5A1276B414EA35CE" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">Silvestri 1909</bibRefCitation>
: 286. : 286.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="79" type="type species"> <subSubSection id="20D0D1D4DD00CCE3B88AF589FAF20ECB" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" type="type species">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="79">Type species.</paragraph> <paragraph id="5D055F592975530F36F2460F5709FBBC" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="79"> <paragraph id="D17E02402A0B3F52E9EA58B1168B6C98" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Prorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prorhinotermes inopinatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inopinatus">Prorhinotermes inopinatus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="B66E40E58BB26C147CC40F38EDBE2462" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Prorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prorhinotermes inopinatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inopinatus">Prorhinotermes inopinatus</taxonomicName>
Silvestri, 1909, by original designation. Silvestri, 1909, by original designation.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="79" type="diagnosis"> <subSubSection id="340D9F56E8E32FA2F8EF38F5289C01B6" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="79">Diagnosis.</paragraph> <paragraph id="4E236E1FA629380E7ED51F74905C4D32" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="79"> <paragraph id="FB7E282D45E2535A352EF0CCFAABAAAB" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">
Imago head oval to circular-shaped, with ocelli located before the well developed eyes. Fontanelle situated in the middle of the head. Antenna with 19 to 22 articles. Pronotum narrower than head. Soldier head variable in shape, often larger posteriorly than anteriorly. Fontanelle narrow, placed at anterior third of the head. Frons with a groove in the middle from opening of fontanelle to clypeus. Eyes present as hyaline spots, more or less developed. Antennae with 13 to 20 articles. Pronotum generally wide. Mandibles elongated, left one with a short marginal tooth at the basis, right one without marginal teeth. Soldiers and workers very variable in size ( Imago head oval to circular-shaped, with ocelli located before the well developed eyes. Fontanelle situated in the middle of the head. Antenna with 19 to 22 articles. Pronotum narrower than head. Soldier head variable in shape, often larger posteriorly than anteriorly. Fontanelle narrow, placed at anterior third of the head. Frons with a groove in the middle from opening of fontanelle to clypeus. Eyes present as hyaline spots, more or less developed. Antennae with 13 to 20 articles. Pronotum generally wide. Mandibles elongated, left one with a short marginal tooth at the basis, right one without marginal teeth. Soldiers and workers very variable in size (
<bibRefCitation author="Tho, YP" journalOrPublisher="Malayan Forest Records, Kepong," pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 224" title="Termites of Peninsular Malaysia. Forest Research Institute Malaysia." volume="36" year="1992">Tho 1992</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="4E5F4CC2682EE0FFF3CA947A57940A3E" author="Tho, YP" journalOrPublisher="Malayan Forest Records, Kepong," pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 224" title="Termites of Peninsular Malaysia. Forest Research Institute Malaysia." volume="36" year="1992">Tho 1992</bibRefCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="80" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="D2DEE283EC18E9C06ECAB7DA5323362D" pageId="25" pageNumber="80" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="80"> <paragraph id="883E108EE6EE1AD7E7511F2BDFB8DA95" pageId="25" pageNumber="80">
<pageBreakToken pageId="25" pageNumber="80" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken> <pageBreakToken id="1A347AB666D22175A6A3882C3E1323F8" pageId="25" pageNumber="80" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
. .
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="80"> <paragraph id="3F294DBF357A2390C8C3AB4C580A5199" pageId="25" pageNumber="80">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Prorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="25" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Prorhinotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="606828C01027530F1B7A286E8300D8AD" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Prorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="25" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Prorhinotermes</taxonomicName>
has an insular distribution. It is found in the West Indies, Pacific islands, East Indies and islands of the Indian Ocean including Madagascar. It is not reported from continents excepted in Central America, Southern Florida and Northern Australia ( has an insular distribution. It is found in the West Indies, Pacific islands, East Indies and islands of the Indian Ocean including Madagascar. It is not reported from continents excepted in Central America, Southern Florida and Northern Australia (
<bibRefCitation author="Emerson, AE" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="217 - 225" title="The biogeography of termites." volume="99" year="1952">Emerson 1952</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="F142508A09D1D84116D66C41FF05F55E" author="Emerson, AE" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="217 - 225" title="The biogeography of termites." volume="99" year="1952">Emerson 1952</bibRefCitation>
, ,
<bibRefCitation author="Gay, FJ" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Australian entomological Society" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="75 - 77" title="The occurrence in Australia of Prorhinotermes inopinatus Silvestri (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)." url="10.1111/j.1440-6055.1983.tb01845.x" volume="22" year="1983">Gay and Barrett 1983</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="1A2BDA2F0C8290B03421DB2AC7AEC6A8" author="Gay, FJ" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Australian entomological Society" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="75 - 77" title="The occurrence in Australia of Prorhinotermes inopinatus Silvestri (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)." url="10.1111/j.1440-6055.1983.tb01845.x" volume="22" year="1983">Gay and Barrett 1983</bibRefCitation>
, ,
<bibRefCitation author="Roisin, Y" journalOrPublisher="Oecologia" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="301 - 311" title="Vertical stratification of the termite assemblage in a neotropical rainforest." url="10.1007/s00442-006-0449-5" volume="149" year="2006">Roisin et al. 2006</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="9CC8B995AEEB5F3F2842CEC58BA55201" author="Roisin, Y" journalOrPublisher="Oecologia" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="301 - 311" title="Vertical stratification of the termite assemblage in a neotropical rainforest." url="10.1007/s00442-006-0449-5" volume="149" year="2006">Roisin et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>

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<mods:title>Revision of the termite family Rhinotermitidae (Isoptera) in New Guinea</mods:title> <mods:title id="CC4A0083587FF978E96A63FA8595608F">Revision of the termite family Rhinotermitidae (Isoptera) in New Guinea</mods:title>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032245" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:86593B91B3ED9BB5272CE41F983EFF42" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/86593B91B3ED9BB5272CE41F983EFF42" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="10" pageNumber="65"> <treatment id="86593B91B3ED9BB5272CE41F983EFF42" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032245" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:86593B91B3ED9BB5272CE41F983EFF42" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/86593B91B3ED9BB5272CE41F983EFF42" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" scope_family="Rhinotermitidae" scope_infraOrder="Isoptera">
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="nomenclature"> <subSubSection id="6B0491EBC6ED03935606435E81D1C2E5" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65"> <paragraph id="F112E8BD6447A69D423367761220417D" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Heterotermes_vagus" authority="Hill, 1927" authorityName="Hill" authorityYear="1927" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes vagus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagus">Heterotermes vagus (Hill, 1927)</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="959BF4C918575D89EC1D1C435B385BD7" ID-CoL="6M5ZV" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Heterotermes_vagus" authority="Hill, 1927" authorityName="Hill" authorityYear="1927" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes vagus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagus">Heterotermes vagus (Hill, 1927)</taxonomicName>
Figs 32-3644 Figs 32-3644
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="reference_group"> <subSubSection id="B0625C79DF89E0C5C862D6906D4266FE" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65"> <paragraph id="09D131271A06B999E89A7082E8F58316" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Leucotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucotermes vagus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagus">Leucotermes vagus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="A04EB47FD2785E39A3B9A4C5796DA528" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Leucotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucotermes vagus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagus">Leucotermes vagus</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the National Museum, Melbourne" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="5 - 120" title="Termites from the Australian region - Part I." volume="7" year="1927">Hill 1927</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="5A4F77121C360004BB67BA9826415379" author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the National Museum, Melbourne" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="5 - 120" title="Termites from the Australian region - Part I." volume="7" year="1927">Hill 1927</bibRefCitation>
: 53-55. : 53-55.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65"> <paragraph id="AA63B8AB0DD469487237483619144DBA" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes vagus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagus">Heterotermes vagus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="61F466B43CB0E6785743C6A48598B84D" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes vagus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagus">Heterotermes vagus</taxonomicName>
(Hill). (Hill).
<bibRefCitation author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="C. S. I. R., Melbourne" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Termites (Isoptera) from the Australian Region." year="1942">Hill 1942</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="F6FBC8B666A92AB76F3B0221D240D95A" author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="C. S. I. R., Melbourne" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Termites (Isoptera) from the Australian Region." year="1942">Hill 1942</bibRefCitation>
: 134-136. : 134-136.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65"> <paragraph id="E1AD87ED3F0EACB6FFEAB41B96AC84B5" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Leucotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucotermes venustus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venustus">Leucotermes venustus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="F715FEED93C138E9832BD3C344C1939D" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Leucotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucotermes venustus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venustus">Leucotermes venustus</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the National Museum, Melbourne" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="5 - 120" title="Termites from the Australian region - Part I." volume="7" year="1927">Hill 1927</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="E5A5FE563F8CB60B86576A2E917D054E" author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the National Museum, Melbourne" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="5 - 120" title="Termites from the Australian region - Part I." volume="7" year="1927">Hill 1927</bibRefCitation>
: 55. New synonymy. : 55. New synonymy.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65"> <paragraph id="38BE73AC9EAC58FB7B1FF70FF277A562" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes venustus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venustus">Heterotermes venustus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="88279F317A8FC4E9BEE9B300C51E550C" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes venustus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venustus">Heterotermes venustus</taxonomicName>
(Hill). (Hill).
<bibRefCitation author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="C. S. I. R., Melbourne" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Termites (Isoptera) from the Australian Region." year="1942">Hill 1942</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="B87CC5DCA1C9D4DC5D8B3C65F49E5426" author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="C. S. I. R., Melbourne" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Termites (Isoptera) from the Australian Region." year="1942">Hill 1942</bibRefCitation>
: 131-134. : 131-134.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="material examined"> <subSubSection id="718D8C67A1340B8554907BE03384270F" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Material examined.</paragraph> <paragraph id="2FB768675351E66A5BE4CD551E14F663" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65"> <paragraph id="952AD4833AD2916978F8BA88DA4D8581" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">
Lectotype and paralectotype soldier: AUSTRALIA:Northern Territory: Darwin, 01.viii.1914 (G.F. Hill) (NMVA #T-10848, #T-18705) Lectotype of Lectotype and paralectotype soldier: AUSTRALIA:Northern Territory: Darwin, 01.viii.1914 (G.F. Hill) (NMVA #T-10848, #T-18705) Lectotype of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes venustus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venustus">Heterotermes venustus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="E02734B5DD61B787E154D44E0AA81CE9" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes venustus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venustus">Heterotermes venustus</taxonomicName>
:AUSTRALIA:Northern Territory: Stapleton, 4.xi.1914 (G.F. Hill) (NMVA #T-10850). Other material:PAPUA NEW GUINEA:Fly: Morehead, 23.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1419, 1420, 1422); Morehead, 25.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1441); Lake Murray, 25.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1588, 1597). :AUSTRALIA:Northern Territory: Stapleton, 4.xi.1914 (G.F. Hill) (NMVA #T-10850). Other material:PAPUA NEW GUINEA:Fly: Morehead, 23.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1419, 1420, 1422); Morehead, 25.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1441); Lake Murray, 25.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1588, 1597).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="new synonymy"> <subSubSection id="AB3197AA938F6E18F1AE774F2888056D" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="new synonymy">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65">New synonymy.</paragraph> <paragraph id="5C35C2288305773A3E5B89609B5F7137" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">New synonymy.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65"> <paragraph id="E7A13197B7DF58A1024F7C6B2184EF9E" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">
<bibRefCitation author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="C. S. I. R., Melbourne" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Termites (Isoptera) from the Australian Region." year="1942">Hill (1942)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="CC710292924003C1717C23F35FC3C8D6" author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="C. S. I. R., Melbourne" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Termites (Isoptera) from the Australian Region." year="1942">Hill (1942)</bibRefCitation>
pointed out the similarity of pointed out the similarity of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes venustus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venustus">Heterotermes venustus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="6E30E892FD160C3BB3B02A26AC98DE71" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes venustus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venustus">Heterotermes venustus</taxonomicName>
and and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes vagus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagus">Heterotermes vagus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="31F0A3B02318A9B18CE731826C29EDB2" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes vagus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagus">Heterotermes vagus</taxonomicName>
, but maintained both names arguing that , but maintained both names arguing that
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes venustus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venustus">Heterotermes venustus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="0332A16E96EE01DFF80AF01891EA50B7" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes venustus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venustus">Heterotermes venustus</taxonomicName>
has a larger labrum and antennae with more articles. However, after comparing the type series of both species, we did not notice any difference in these characters, nor in any other morphological feature. For this reason, we consider these two species as synonyms and hereby give precedence to has a larger labrum and antennae with more articles. However, after comparing the type series of both species, we did not notice any difference in these characters, nor in any other morphological feature. For this reason, we consider these two species as synonyms and hereby give precedence to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes vagus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagus">Heterotermes vagus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="25C0B5A7239C78103926D1531CFC9B75" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes vagus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagus">Heterotermes vagus</taxonomicName>
. .
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<caption pageId="10" pageNumber="65"> <caption id="79851880BA11FEE32C1EEB64A43CB18A" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65"> <paragraph id="954C167B30F5A969D4C15533470831E0" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">
Figures 32-36. Figures 32-36.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes vagus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagus">Heterotermes vagus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="5D7C1F98CBA5F892756629F097B75529" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes vagus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagus">Heterotermes vagus</taxonomicName>
. Soldier: 32 head in dorsal view; 33 head in lateral view; 34 pronotum; 35 left mandible; 36 right mandible. Scale bars: 32, 33: 0.5mm; 34, 35, 36: 0.2mm. . Soldier: 32 head in dorsal view; 33 head in lateral view; 34 pronotum; 35 left mandible; 36 right mandible. Scale bars: 32, 33: 0.5mm; 34, 35, 36: 0.2mm.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="imago"> <subSubSection id="FBC62289BD69A1EEB0EDC72F54C59C28" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="imago">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Imago.</paragraph> <paragraph id="5CC660FF1DD5CCC77D3D129E05B3EAD3" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Imago.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65"> <paragraph id="98972A030369028BEB33D44ED09DED49" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">
Unknown from New Guinea (see Unknown from New Guinea (see
<bibRefCitation author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="C. S. I. R., Melbourne" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Termites (Isoptera) from the Australian Region." year="1942">Hill 1942</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="EB5B276EB95B4F880906728A1D80E39C" author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="C. S. I. R., Melbourne" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Termites (Isoptera) from the Australian Region." year="1942">Hill 1942</bibRefCitation>
for further details). for further details).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="soldier"> <subSubSection id="22BF2B69459A5105641D9C4DDC39316A" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="soldier">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Soldier.</paragraph> <paragraph id="A565AB09B4082DA0EF5AAF3F82334E4F" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Soldier.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65"> <paragraph id="794B5300DBE0B51152DBE65514CCF42C" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">
(Figs 32-36). Soldiers of small size. Head elongated, with a prominent hump at front, covered by plenty of short setae. Labrum elongated with sharp tip. Antennae generally with 13 articles. Pronotum short and narrow, covered by about 50 setae. Postmentum slightly narrow, without setae. Mandibles slightly curved at tips. Measurements (mm) of lectotype of (Figs 32-36). Soldiers of small size. Head elongated, with a prominent hump at front, covered by plenty of short setae. Labrum elongated with sharp tip. Antennae generally with 13 articles. Pronotum short and narrow, covered by about 50 setae. Postmentum slightly narrow, without setae. Mandibles slightly curved at tips. Measurements (mm) of lectotype of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes vagus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagus">Heterotermes vagus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="EE27635A94542435EA2E9DF4D56EA83F" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes vagus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagus">Heterotermes vagus</taxonomicName>
, lectotype of , lectotype of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes venustus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venustus">Heterotermes venustus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="D0B3BF548D644A70F5F53AB9645AFC0E" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Heterotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterotermes venustus" order="Blattodea" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venustus">Heterotermes venustus</taxonomicName>
[brackets] and 18 soldiers from 6 colonies (parentheses): HLC: 1.32 [1.43] (1.12-1.37); HLL: 1.75 [1.83] (1.48-1.76); HW: 0.80 [0.82] (0.74-0.83); PL: 0.40 [0.41] (0.32-0.50); PW: 0.55 [0.62] (0.49-0.60); RML: 0.92 [0.89] (0.80-0.93); MPW: 0.34 [0.31] (0.29-0.33); T3L: 0.65 [0.66] (0.54-0.66). [brackets] and 18 soldiers from 6 colonies (parentheses): HLC: 1.32 [1.43] (1.12-1.37); HLL: 1.75 [1.83] (1.48-1.76); HW: 0.80 [0.82] (0.74-0.83); PL: 0.40 [0.41] (0.32-0.50); PW: 0.55 [0.62] (0.49-0.60); RML: 0.92 [0.89] (0.80-0.93); MPW: 0.34 [0.31] (0.29-0.33); T3L: 0.65 [0.66] (0.54-0.66).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="4BEDDE4741E00D67C6037FC66F29232A" pageId="10" pageNumber="65" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Distribution.</paragraph> <paragraph id="DD4E0AA7B7A48808E0EB61AF4003BAC1" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="65"> <paragraph id="00F29C12030641E96E07A2F1C281E00B" pageId="10" pageNumber="65">
(Fig. 44).This species was collected in Sourthern Papua New Guinea. It is also known from northernmost Queensland and Northern Territory (Australia) ( (Fig. 44).This species was collected in Sourthern Papua New Guinea. It is also known from northernmost Queensland and Northern Territory (Australia) (
<bibRefCitation author="Watson, JAL" journalOrPublisher="CSIRO Division of Entomology, Canberra" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Atlas of Australian Termites." url="10.1111/j.1365-3113.1989.tb00287.x" year="1993">Watson and Abbey 1993</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="7AB51976C2783BFD66E9C706D34FF283" author="Watson, JAL" journalOrPublisher="CSIRO Division of Entomology, Canberra" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Atlas of Australian Termites." url="10.1111/j.1365-3113.1989.tb00287.x" year="1993">Watson and Abbey 1993</bibRefCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>

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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032229" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8C2820E60098F21EDFF057413CBC19C1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8C2820E60098F21EDFF057413CBC19C1" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="26" pageNumber="81"> <treatment id="8C2820E60098F21EDFF057413CBC19C1" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032229" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8C2820E60098F21EDFF057413CBC19C1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8C2820E60098F21EDFF057413CBC19C1" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" scope_family="Rhinotermitidae" scope_infraOrder="Isoptera">
<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="81" type="nomenclature"> <subSubSection id="92725F8626826B455C9744EFCEB3E958" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="81"> <paragraph id="184F44BCFF1FC80757CCCA998006A27F" pageId="26" pageNumber="81">
Genus Genus
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Termitogeton" authority="Desneux, 1904" authorityName="Desneux" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termitogeton Desneux, 1904</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="358A851BC15BF0E40CE0267C100F3707" ID-CoL="8NZYK" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Termitogeton" authority="Desneux, 1904" authorityName="Desneux" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termitogeton Desneux, 1904</taxonomicName>
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="81" type="reference_group"> <subSubSection id="9E40819F5C8C63E686DE292D4325D915" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="81"> <paragraph id="F7C730B19D7A55549927C1215BD6900E" pageId="26" pageNumber="81">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="DD0E2360156596DC26998B988B67B969" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termes</taxonomicName>
(Termitogeton) (Termitogeton)
<bibRefCitation author="Desneux, J" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="372 - 378" title="Remarques critiques sur la phylogenie et la division systematique des termites (reponse a M. Wasmann)." volume="48" year="1904 a">Desneux 1904a</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="DF2EBF1FE2FF13A9E69764CDA7174C08" author="Desneux, J" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="372 - 378" title="Remarques critiques sur la phylogenie et la division systematique des termites (reponse a M. Wasmann)." volume="48" year="1904 a">Desneux 1904a</bibRefCitation>
: 373-374. : 373-374.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="81"> <paragraph id="BE4615148B2F7464EB0FEC41771D3DE5" pageId="26" pageNumber="81">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termitogeton</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="4C2076AA9B01D91C90FD4BBE2A0DECFB" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termitogeton</taxonomicName>
Desneux. Desneux.
<bibRefCitation author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 88" title="Termitenstudien. 2. Systematik der Termiten. Die familien Mastotermitidae, Protermitidae and Mesotermitidae." volume="46" year="1911 b">Holmgren 1911b</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="8BD29237E1C70876D861F4E2B2F8D404" author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 88" title="Termitenstudien. 2. Systematik der Termiten. Die familien Mastotermitidae, Protermitidae and Mesotermitidae." volume="46" year="1911 b">Holmgren 1911b</bibRefCitation>
: 75. : 75.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="81" type="type species"> <subSubSection id="334E44B7B86E1132E8AC22432739280A" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" type="type species">
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="81">Type species.</paragraph> <paragraph id="F3EA8D960B0D9B07C69F292B70FB3BCA" pageId="26" pageNumber="81">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="81"> <paragraph id="2ED25197199F63D3809FE8DEEB72C5EE" pageId="26" pageNumber="81">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes planus" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Termes planus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="FA7ED9C524F5A61C5679E47EBDC5671B" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes planus" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Termes planus</taxonomicName>
Haviland, 1898, by monotypy. Haviland, 1898, by monotypy.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" type="note on type species designation"> <subSubSection id="9E0E3B827CE165E8A1A1D47E09AF0CCF" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" type="note on type species designation">
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="81">Note on type species designation.</paragraph> <paragraph id="E7A2169FA48AE0E882E0BCA742D60E19" pageId="26" pageNumber="81">Note on type species designation.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="26" pageNumber="81"> <paragraph id="02A0569182009EF69A76D3B843D01F1E" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="26" pageNumber="81">
<bibRefCitation author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution, Washington" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Catalog of the Termites (Isoptera) of the World." year="1949">Snyder (1949)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="B2F6E3B9CDFBDFE74FB5C994F5E07879" author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution, Washington" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Catalog of the Termites (Isoptera) of the World." year="1949">Snyder (1949)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned mentioned
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes umbilicatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbilicatus">Termes umbilicatus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="1A4671B938D263B36D083905A068CF6C" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes umbilicatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbilicatus">Termes umbilicatus</taxonomicName>
Hagen, 1858, as type species of Hagen, 1858, as type species of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termitogeton</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="6C10D7E4F9A6C9F215755215350BFBE2" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termitogeton</taxonomicName>
. However, . However,
<bibRefCitation author="Desneux, J" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="372 - 378" title="Remarques critiques sur la phylogenie et la division systematique des termites (reponse a M. Wasmann)." volume="48" year="1904 a">Desneux (1904a)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="35C9A0C2BCC005A6588E09F82D876949" author="Desneux, J" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="372 - 378" title="Remarques critiques sur la phylogenie et la division systematique des termites (reponse a M. Wasmann)." volume="48" year="1904 a">Desneux (1904a)</bibRefCitation>
explicitly based the original description of the subgenus explicitly based the original description of the subgenus
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termitogeton</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="1FE8BDA12622A261E9DD5D8ED042AF41" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termitogeton</taxonomicName>
on on
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes planus" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Termes planus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="4CE98B435D4FD7BCC0B87378F087EF1B" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes planus" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Termes planus</taxonomicName>
. In this paper, he mentions . In this paper, he mentions
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes umbilicatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbilicatus">Termes umbilicatus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="BB40949B5745A820A598AABA7F7DD32B" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes umbilicatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbilicatus">Termes umbilicatus</taxonomicName>
only once, stating that only once, stating that
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes planus" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Termes planus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="4F45C09DD3AC87E5F1D7E2FE82D04CF8" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes planus" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Termes planus</taxonomicName>
&quot;est probablement synonyme de &quot;est probablement synonyme de
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes umbilicatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbilicatus">Termes umbilicatus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="6A0FD825423449C706E98B5D460A6F30" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes umbilicatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbilicatus">Termes umbilicatus</taxonomicName>
Hagen&quot;. That two species are considered probable synonyms by an author does not automatically imply that this author has no doubt about their subgeneric assignment. Consequently, Hagen&quot;. That two species are considered probable synonyms by an author does not automatically imply that this author has no doubt about their subgeneric assignment. Consequently,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes umbilicatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbilicatus">Termes umbilicatus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="324690F305334DAC420944CADBA80080" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes umbilicatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbilicatus">Termes umbilicatus</taxonomicName>
should be considered as doubtfully included in should be considered as doubtfully included in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termitogeton</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="F3EA8AB3C6682EBD7154250342D8A437" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termitogeton</taxonomicName>
, and ineligible for type species fixation (Art. 67.2.5 of the Code). , and ineligible for type species fixation (Art. 67.2.5 of the Code).
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termitogeton</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="3C09EB25D2FD6DD50F62E721C6F9B5BB" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termitogeton</taxonomicName>
Desneux should therefore be considered as monotypic when established, Desneux should therefore be considered as monotypic when established,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes planus" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Termes planus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="956F864FB3B9D546CA4896B76DC033DA" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes planus" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Termes planus</taxonomicName>
becoming automatically the type species. The fact that becoming automatically the type species. The fact that
<bibRefCitation pageId="26" pageNumber="81">Desneux (1904b)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="0B47BFCA766792EF1B168284891E58EB" pageId="26" pageNumber="81">Desneux (1904b)</bibRefCitation>
subsequently mentioned subsequently mentioned
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes umbilicatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbilicatus">Termes umbilicatus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="D6B0921B5D6D45A7F2C883BFC1CFBCBF" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes umbilicatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbilicatus">Termes umbilicatus</taxonomicName>
as single valid as single valid
<pageBreakToken pageId="27" pageNumber="82" start="start">species</pageBreakToken> <pageBreakToken id="DC446929EA9E7AF9C1A5E6ED2FA91D6D" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" start="start">species</pageBreakToken>
of of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="DE9ABCC37A3A5A3B5E19835554922BF0" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termes</taxonomicName>
( (
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termitogeton</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="8AB29836E32679F29000CE050F32F991" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termitogeton</taxonomicName>
), with ), with
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes planus" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Termes planus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="C3617BFED1561C8E4566F563DA5CE337" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes planus" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Termes planus</taxonomicName>
as a?-marked junior synonym, is irrelevant. as a?-marked junior synonym, is irrelevant.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="82" type="diagnosis"> <subSubSection id="D0A24687CF695178B5B95262EE1E1773" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="82">Diagnosis.</paragraph> <paragraph id="57EA1102347DB776F870BC3A17941478" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="82"> <paragraph id="42682D526B39DD62D4298BBF5C67BAD4" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">
Imagoes densely hairy. Head larger posteriorly than anteriorly. Fontanelle very narrow, placed in the middle of the head. Eyes small. Antennae with 10 to 15 articles. Pronotum very small, half as broad as head. Wings without median and radial vein ( Imagoes densely hairy. Head larger posteriorly than anteriorly. Fontanelle very narrow, placed in the middle of the head. Eyes small. Antennae with 10 to 15 articles. Pronotum very small, half as broad as head. Wings without median and radial vein (
<bibRefCitation pageId="27" pageNumber="82">Krishna 1970</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="F636B20547007E31CB345B4CBEFFD20B" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">Krishna 1970</bibRefCitation>
). Soldiers densely hairy, with characteristic heart-shaped, dorso-ventrally flattened head. Antennae generally with 13 to 15 articles. Labrum roughly triangular-shaped. Mandibles elongated, without marginal teeth. Pronotum half as broad as head. ). Soldiers densely hairy, with characteristic heart-shaped, dorso-ventrally flattened head. Antennae generally with 13 to 15 articles. Labrum roughly triangular-shaped. Mandibles elongated, without marginal teeth. Pronotum half as broad as head.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="82" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="878941675C651557AA9AD037B86C1BF9" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="82">Distribution.</paragraph> <paragraph id="C6C8F8AD91C988792095FAE93D055414" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="82"> <paragraph id="50A3B4285D38E36E1F751A7D60B5B77E" pageId="27" pageNumber="82">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termitogeton</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="05141595646A63A21209D0F8F001F2E2" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Termitogeton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termitogeton" order="Blattodea" pageId="27" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termitogeton</taxonomicName>
is a rainforest-dwelling wood feeder known from Sri Lanka, Borneo, Peninsular Malaysia ( is a rainforest-dwelling wood feeder known from Sri Lanka, Borneo, Peninsular Malaysia (
<bibRefCitation author="Tho, YP" journalOrPublisher="Malayan Forest Records, Kepong," pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 224" title="Termites of Peninsular Malaysia. Forest Research Institute Malaysia." volume="36" year="1992">Tho 1992</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="8A59F982740B4FBF2668151792C09335" author="Tho, YP" journalOrPublisher="Malayan Forest Records, Kepong," pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 224" title="Termites of Peninsular Malaysia. Forest Research Institute Malaysia." volume="36" year="1992">Tho 1992</bibRefCitation>
) and western New Guinea ( ) and western New Guinea (
<bibRefCitation author="Parmentier, D" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Morphology" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="69 - 79" title="Caste morphology and development in Termitogeton nr. planus (Insecta, Isoptera, Rhinotermitidae)." url="10.1002/jmor.10047" volume="255" year="2003">Parmentier and Roisin 2003</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="C0E548C0032458B434406EAE4D885640" author="Parmentier, D" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Morphology" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="69 - 79" title="Caste morphology and development in Termitogeton nr. planus (Insecta, Isoptera, Rhinotermitidae)." url="10.1002/jmor.10047" volume="255" year="2003">Parmentier and Roisin 2003</bibRefCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>

174
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032248" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8DB2AA4A139A451F72A71BF044A4B39E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8DB2AA4A139A451F72A71BF044A4B39E" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="7" pageNumber="62"> <treatment id="8DB2AA4A139A451F72A71BF044A4B39E" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032248" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8DB2AA4A139A451F72A71BF044A4B39E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8DB2AA4A139A451F72A71BF044A4B39E" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" scope_family="Rhinotermitidae" scope_infraOrder="Isoptera">
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="nomenclature"> <subSubSection id="8944F9CDD5DDB78A213D8243A31D6006" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="62"> <paragraph id="5938FAD42C8E66DED33BA5C5454846D6" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Coptotermes_grandiceps" authority="Snyder, 1925" authorityName="Snyder" authorityYear="1925" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes grandiceps" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandiceps">Coptotermes grandiceps Snyder, 1925</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="2F3BC8CB093C551CB89BEBFBC289FF28" ID-CoL="Y8J7" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Coptotermes_grandiceps" authority="Snyder, 1925" authorityName="Snyder" authorityYear="1925" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes grandiceps" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandiceps">Coptotermes grandiceps Snyder, 1925</taxonomicName>
Figs 16-2130 Figs 16-2130
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="reference_group"> <subSubSection id="EDEE401A6E9947D6348C8CED1EE9A289" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="62"> <paragraph id="1070A596AB1A34A88CA798A0B8E7168E" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes grandiceps" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandiceps">Coptotermes grandiceps</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="0C68C8FB10E4805FF79C3586E45E4E46" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes grandiceps" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandiceps">Coptotermes grandiceps</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="395 - 407" title="New termites from the Solomon Islands and Santa Cruz Archipelago." volume="15" year="1925">Snyder 1925</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="D8CCEA362AB04BA66C5635D66A8155D0" author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="395 - 407" title="New termites from the Solomon Islands and Santa Cruz Archipelago." volume="15" year="1925">Snyder 1925</bibRefCitation>
: 401. : 401.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="62"> <paragraph id="7414E4888AC820199DDBCCA1369D047A" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes solomonensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solomonensis">Coptotermes solomonensis</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="6E857074F60CD4F5EE6755265D9C137F" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes solomonensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solomonensis">Coptotermes solomonensis</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="395 - 407" title="New termites from the Solomon Islands and Santa Cruz Archipelago." volume="15" year="1925">Snyder 1925</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="C762F3B79D294F249FF8D6B5463AA69E" author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="395 - 407" title="New termites from the Solomon Islands and Santa Cruz Archipelago." volume="15" year="1925">Snyder 1925</bibRefCitation>
: 403 (synonymised by : 403 (synonymised by
<bibRefCitation author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="C. S. I. R., Melbourne" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Termites (Isoptera) from the Australian Region." year="1942">Hill 1942</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="C2138C60590C999F8758922F86E96380" author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="C. S. I. R., Melbourne" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Termites (Isoptera) from the Australian Region." year="1942">Hill 1942</bibRefCitation>
: 153). : 153).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="62"> <paragraph id="984843F21F83131CC68A26134E7274F9" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes obiratus" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obiratus">Coptotermes obiratus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="2E06979F2510AE1A53C216246C421714" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes obiratus" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obiratus">Coptotermes obiratus</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the National Museum, Melbourne" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="5 - 120" title="Termites from the Australian region - Part I." volume="7" year="1927">Hill 1927</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="2CADC29460F9803851B8C3A24D7188FB" author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the National Museum, Melbourne" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="5 - 120" title="Termites from the Australian region - Part I." volume="7" year="1927">Hill 1927</bibRefCitation>
: 17, new synonymy. : 17, new synonymy.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="62"> <paragraph id="29F2776068811DE47E852310837781AE" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes solomonensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solomonensis">Coptotermes solomonensis</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="BFCDF563D65E7F613DE4BC9BA99D8493" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes solomonensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solomonensis">Coptotermes solomonensis</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the National Museum, Melbourne" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="5 - 120" title="Termites from the Australian region - Part I." volume="7" year="1927">Hill 1927</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="BA59A75CB35D6C1903F1C409BE19B2D1" author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the National Museum, Melbourne" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="5 - 120" title="Termites from the Australian region - Part I." volume="7" year="1927">Hill 1927</bibRefCitation>
: 19 (junior primary homonym of : 19 (junior primary homonym of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes solomonensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solomonensis">Coptotermes solomonensis</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="C0A9B806953FA94D2556554143E3F68C" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes solomonensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solomonensis">Coptotermes solomonensis</taxonomicName>
Snyder; synonymised by Snyder; synonymised by
<bibRefCitation author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="C. S. I. R., Melbourne" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Termites (Isoptera) from the Australian Region." year="1942">Hill 1942</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="1D9549CA68C4691051F0226BC23FA4E9" author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="C. S. I. R., Melbourne" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Termites (Isoptera) from the Australian Region." year="1942">Hill 1942</bibRefCitation>
: 153). : 153).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="62"> <paragraph id="8D703E851BEEB69A3EE6209B76FAF3E9" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes froggatti" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="froggatti">Coptotermes froggatti</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="35C0BC5F9D7ADCF3453100175057E122" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes froggatti" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="froggatti">Coptotermes froggatti</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Light, SF" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="62 - 70" title="Two new species of Coptotermes Wasmann (Isoptera)." volume="42" year="1929">Light and Davis 1929</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="2BE3DCBDE68904E7F9A27D2E83B6663B" author="Light, SF" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="62 - 70" title="Two new species of Coptotermes Wasmann (Isoptera)." volume="42" year="1929">Light and Davis 1929</bibRefCitation>
: 62 (synonymised by : 62 (synonymised by
<bibRefCitation author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="C. S. I. R., Melbourne" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Termites (Isoptera) from the Australian Region." year="1942">Hill 1942</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="2FA33241037B875B0350D6A655EB1849" author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="C. S. I. R., Melbourne" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Termites (Isoptera) from the Australian Region." year="1942">Hill 1942</bibRefCitation>
: 153). : 153).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="material examined"> <subSubSection id="7EC912DF5108B0EDB580F6B8EA4B8EFB" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Material examined.</paragraph> <paragraph id="E69AD307627DF3EA32021BA72D6C309D" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="62"> <paragraph id="78505EE64642C59B18FF0CE830993FE8" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
Topotype:SOLOMON ISLANDS: Tulaghi (as Tulagi), iii.1933 (R.A. Lever) (AMNH). Holotype of Topotype:SOLOMON ISLANDS: Tulaghi (as Tulagi), iii.1933 (R.A. Lever) (AMNH). Holotype of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes obiratus" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obiratus">Coptotermes obiratus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="8581DEB21D7EA3E20B3D29DA8AFD48B0" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes obiratus" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obiratus">Coptotermes obiratus</taxonomicName>
:PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Central: Waima, vii.1922 (G.F. Hill) (NMVA). :PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Central: Waima, vii.1922 (G.F. Hill) (NMVA).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="other materials"> <subSubSection id="C97D53153BFE002E83D7DF1B9579485E" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="other materials">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Other materials.</paragraph> <paragraph id="E49F56A4454B0CC2CE654F67963C2F3F" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Other materials.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="62">PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Oro: Mambare River, 27.iv.1922 (G.F. Hill) (NMVA). Fly: Morehead, 25.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1447); Wipim, 30.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1488); Lake Murray, 22.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1561); Lake Murray, 25.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1594); Nomad, 31.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1627); Nomad, 02.vi.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1651); Central: Subitana plantation, 24.xi.1962 (AE), in stump of rubber tree (AMNH); Sirinumu Dam, 06.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT916); Sirinumu Dam, 08.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT929); Varirata National Park, 06.xii.1988 (YR &amp; Phille P. Daur) (#PNGT1346); National Capital: 2 km E Port Moresby,18.xi.1962 (AE), from log in dry eucalypt savanna (AMNH); 8 km E Port Moresby, 16.xi.1962 (AE), under log in eucalypt savanna (AMNH); 8 km E Port Moresby, 18.xi.1962 (AE), from dead log in ravine woods in savanna (AMNH); 10 km NW Port Moresby, 20.xi.1962 (AE), from log on ground in eucalypt savanna (AMNH); 19 km NW Port Moresby, 22.xi.1962 (AE), from fallen log in savanna (AMNH); INDONESIA: Papua: Pusppenssat-IrJa, 13.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT17).</paragraph> <paragraph id="8E92716DFBF6A94F1EA13D14310297AF" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Oro: Mambare River, 27.iv.1922 (G.F. Hill) (NMVA). Fly: Morehead, 25.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1447); Wipim, 30.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1488); Lake Murray, 22.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1561); Lake Murray, 25.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1594); Nomad, 31.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1627); Nomad, 02.vi.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1651); Central: Subitana plantation, 24.xi.1962 (AE), in stump of rubber tree (AMNH); Sirinumu Dam, 06.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT916); Sirinumu Dam, 08.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT929); Varirata National Park, 06.xii.1988 (YR &amp; Phille P. Daur) (#PNGT1346); National Capital: 2 km E Port Moresby,18.xi.1962 (AE), from log in dry eucalypt savanna (AMNH); 8 km E Port Moresby, 16.xi.1962 (AE), under log in eucalypt savanna (AMNH); 8 km E Port Moresby, 18.xi.1962 (AE), from dead log in ravine woods in savanna (AMNH); 10 km NW Port Moresby, 20.xi.1962 (AE), from log on ground in eucalypt savanna (AMNH); 19 km NW Port Moresby, 22.xi.1962 (AE), from fallen log in savanna (AMNH); INDONESIA: Papua: Pusppenssat-IrJa, 13.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT17).</paragraph>
<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="62"> <caption id="248DAB9BB810EBE10E73811AB10ED00B" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="62"> <paragraph id="787C4C29B9E4032607819CB501D69481" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
Figures 16-21. Figures 16-21.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes grandiceps" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandiceps">Coptotermes grandiceps</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="0623F0AECDD96F025D22329A6B6515B2" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes grandiceps" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandiceps">Coptotermes grandiceps</taxonomicName>
. Imago: 16 head; 17 pronotum. Soldier: 18 head; 19 pronotum; 20 left mandible; 21 right mandible. Scale bars: 16, 17, 18: 0.5mm; 19, 20, 21: 0.2mm. . Imago: 16 head; 17 pronotum. Soldier: 18 head; 19 pronotum; 20 left mandible; 21 right mandible. Scale bars: 16, 17, 18: 0.5mm; 19, 20, 21: 0.2mm.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="new synonymy"> <subSubSection id="F3376B39F68DCC7A1BD174BC676C2924" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="new synonymy">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="62">New synonymy.</paragraph> <paragraph id="7F6013441225B1F5D313D3A9240EC08D" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">New synonymy.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="62"> <paragraph id="C93E76BAAFCB58CBDECA7C7B895A04EE" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
In his revision of termites from Australia, In his revision of termites from Australia,
<bibRefCitation author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="C. S. I. R., Melbourne" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Termites (Isoptera) from the Australian Region." year="1942">Hill (1942)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="0D56980F8A6A112FF5007258D67AB286" author="Hill, GF" journalOrPublisher="C. S. I. R., Melbourne" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Termites (Isoptera) from the Australian Region." year="1942">Hill (1942)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned that soldiers of mentioned that soldiers of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes grandiceps" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandiceps">Coptotermes grandiceps</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="C3F526715D93BD67FD2C50902B9C9295" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes grandiceps" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandiceps">Coptotermes grandiceps</taxonomicName>
and and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes obiratus" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obiratus">Coptotermes obiratus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="43105D0509A1D15F75DF024495862FF4" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes obiratus" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obiratus">Coptotermes obiratus</taxonomicName>
are morphologically indistinguishable, the two species being potential synonyms. After examining material of the two species, we reached the same conclusion and therefore consider are morphologically indistinguishable, the two species being potential synonyms. After examining material of the two species, we reached the same conclusion and therefore consider
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes obiratus" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obiratus">Coptotermes obiratus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="C90C76443C059389EDEEFCA66FE42387" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes obiratus" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obiratus">Coptotermes obiratus</taxonomicName>
as a junior synonym of as a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes grandiceps" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandiceps">Coptotermes grandiceps</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="1581E05C10D09C11560EC8CF33489576" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes grandiceps" order="Blattodea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandiceps">Coptotermes grandiceps</taxonomicName>
. .
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="imago"> <subSubSection id="F4F09FB66270CF6F2FE1EA2603DDD048" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="imago">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Imago.</paragraph> <paragraph id="646C8C82BC96513FDF7D6E5A95D502C8" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Imago.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="7" pageNumber="62"> <paragraph id="3235586027612C79A45FB3F73C7C8DC7" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
(Figs 16-17).Head moderately hairy. Pronotum covered by many setae of medium size. Antennae with 20 articles. Measurements (mm) of 6 imagoes from one (Figs 16-17).Head moderately hairy. Pronotum covered by many setae of medium size. Antennae with 20 articles. Measurements (mm) of 6 imagoes from one
<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="63" start="start">colony</pageBreakToken> <pageBreakToken id="404C89183FAFADF2FEDA3481390F7AA5" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" start="start">colony</pageBreakToken>
: TBL: 6.08-7.55; HLC: 1.19-1.27; HWE: 1.33-1.41; PL: 0.73-0.82; PW: 1.23-1.29; FWL: 9.97-10.61; ED: 0.31-0.42. : TBL: 6.08-7.55; HLC: 1.19-1.27; HWE: 1.33-1.41; PL: 0.73-0.82; PW: 1.23-1.29; FWL: 9.97-10.61; ED: 0.31-0.42.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="63" type="soldier"> <subSubSection id="CDF8D56951ABAE3D86F35F369E42F7BD" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" type="soldier">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Soldier.</paragraph> <paragraph id="6D4090EB6A8647D679B7D1515D70F799" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Soldier.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="63"> <paragraph id="895514049670B6A7820278F1528E5003" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">
(Figs 18-21). Soldiers of large size. Head elongated, larger posteriorly than anteriorly, covered by about 30 setae. Fontanelle narrow, with opening directed frontally, not visible from above. Antennae generally with 15 articles, sometimes with 14 articles. Pronotum wide, moderately long, covered by about 60 setae. Mandibles elongated, curved at tip. Measurements (mm) of holotype of (Figs 18-21). Soldiers of large size. Head elongated, larger posteriorly than anteriorly, covered by about 30 setae. Fontanelle narrow, with opening directed frontally, not visible from above. Antennae generally with 15 articles, sometimes with 14 articles. Pronotum wide, moderately long, covered by about 60 setae. Mandibles elongated, curved at tip. Measurements (mm) of holotype of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes obiratus" order="Blattodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obiratus">Coptotermes obiratus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="A2F64CF2BFB85DDB81B86F8763CCF5E1" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes obiratus" order="Blattodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obiratus">Coptotermes obiratus</taxonomicName>
, 1 soldier from the type colony of , 1 soldier from the type colony of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes grandiceps" order="Blattodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandiceps">Coptotermes grandiceps</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="A7C6E6E7E42C310E607798E009E332EE" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes grandiceps" order="Blattodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandiceps">Coptotermes grandiceps</taxonomicName>
[brackets], and27 soldiers from 9 colonies (parentheses): HLF: 1.53 [1.52] (1.21-1.44); HLL: 2.17 [2.19] (1.89-2.20); HW: 1.38 [1.31] (1.17-1.33); PL: 0.51 [0.50] (0.40-0.56); PW: 0.97 [0.95] (0.79-1.00); RML: 1.17 [1.24] (1.03-1.15); MPW: 0.48 [0.42] (0.31-0.46); T3L: 1.22 [n.a.] (1.07-1.21). [brackets], and27 soldiers from 9 colonies (parentheses): HLF: 1.53 [1.52] (1.21-1.44); HLL: 2.17 [2.19] (1.89-2.20); HW: 1.38 [1.31] (1.17-1.33); PL: 0.51 [0.50] (0.40-0.56); PW: 0.97 [0.95] (0.79-1.00); RML: 1.17 [1.24] (1.03-1.15); MPW: 0.48 [0.42] (0.31-0.46); T3L: 1.22 [n.a.] (1.07-1.21).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="63" type="comparisons"> <subSubSection id="0993B44095A2FDC824B953C4D624F240" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" type="comparisons">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Comparisons.</paragraph> <paragraph id="7A9548C5FAC05251DC6CC91FCB3180A8" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Comparisons.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="63"> <paragraph id="739DF107C4EBFED919FDA6CD9D6D5DDF" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">
This species is closely allied to This species is closely allied to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes pamuae" order="Blattodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pamuae">Coptotermes pamuae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="E94073CAD0796DF00AD652E93022FB8D" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes pamuae" order="Blattodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pamuae">Coptotermes pamuae</taxonomicName>
from which it can be distinguished by its larger soldiers with more curved mandibles. from which it can be distinguished by its larger soldiers with more curved mandibles.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="63" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="D4E74A8C640B51586C53E4C2E4588721" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Distribution.</paragraph> <paragraph id="76E73E14441F6025E42A70518E621B7F" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="63"> <paragraph id="767894220FD8233781447156271DF780" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">
(Fig. 30). (Fig. 30).
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes grandiceps" order="Blattodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandiceps">Coptotermes grandiceps</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="44B43B2A9BF90D016A0D62FB8DE79646" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes grandiceps" order="Blattodea" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandiceps">Coptotermes grandiceps</taxonomicName>
, originally described from the Solomon Islands, occurs in southern New Guinea and the Papuan peninsula. , originally described from the Solomon Islands, occurs in southern New Guinea and the Papuan peninsula.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>

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<mods:title>Additional data to the herpetofauna of Afghanistan</mods:title> <mods:title id="CCAB92E71B0180D449D18440B7313415">Additional data to the herpetofauna of Afghanistan</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Jablonski, Daniel</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="671D37C2FCAEF80F4C83AC01F198B7B3">Jablonski, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Holzheuser, Chace</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="5376B41BB18A23F6CC90BA86D62A3CE4">Holzheuser, Chace</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Farooqi, Javeed</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="7C34C23656B1B2C92106C2F0EA5C1B18">Farooqi, Javeed</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Masroor, Rafaqat</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="3CEC2942595FABB4BA14E5A3FE1BA639">Masroor, Rafaqat</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title>Herpetozoa</mods:title> <mods:title id="368A98E678A0B0BDBD6C2667D6D392EF">Herpetozoa</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date> <mods:date id="B420ED71959F9F7718E39E43B23E578A">2019</mods:date>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412905" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC70BB9647CE56C8B78B62DFEA3F6C36" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AC70BB9647CE56C8B78B62DFEA3F6C36" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <treatment id="AC70BB9647CE56C8B78B62DFEA3F6C36" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412905" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC70BB9647CE56C8B78B62DFEA3F6C36" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AC70BB9647CE56C8B78B62DFEA3F6C36" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" scope_class="Reptilia" scope_family="Testudinidae" scope_order="Testudines">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="nomenclature"> <subSubSection id="EC97D0C60E260AEB39A7789AB95A8DE5" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="51A836414F430CB393228B364C1E3F34" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<taxonomicName LSID="AC70BB9647CE56C8B78B62DFEA3F6C36" authority="Gray, 1844" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Testudo horsfieldii" order="Testudines" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="horsfieldii">Testudo horsfieldii Gray, 1844</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="8EFD3E14B96DE191316C0DCB773394AE" LSID="AC70BB9647CE56C8B78B62DFEA3F6C36" authority="Gray, 1844" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Testudo horsfieldii" order="Testudines" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="horsfieldii">Testudo horsfieldii Gray, 1844</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="76E775903B40B57D7CCEC20A71729A90" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph> <paragraph id="90866E5E53F9C2F1325C0C8925D035A8" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="10C18286FE9D642D1FFB7BD641F7E0B6" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
This tortoise is probably distributed throughout Afghanistan except the central massif of Hindu Kush and its valleys ( This tortoise is probably distributed throughout Afghanistan except the central massif of Hindu Kush and its valleys (
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="CA2144BE995C648EE32DBB639E791576" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
and see remarks therein for additional localities with an unclear position; and see remarks therein for additional localities with an unclear position;
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: data of Buchroithner, 1981; Wagner et al. 2016; Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Bufotes viridis complex (including species B. oblongus, B. baturae / pseudoraddei, B. turanensis and B. zugmayeri presented by Wagner et al. 2016): 1 - Dehdadi, Balkh; 2 - Nahr Shahi, Balkh; 3 - Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 4 - Arga Queshlaq, Badakhshan; 5 - Broghil Pass, Badakhshan; 6 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 7 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis: Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Testudo horsfieldii: 1 - Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; 2 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 3 - Waza Kwah, Paktika. Phrynocephalus mystaceus: Shor Tepah, Balkh. Trapelus agilis: 1 - Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 2 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 5 - Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan. Trapelus megalonyx: 1 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 2 - Gardez, Gardez Base, Paktia." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339109" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="07046B5A34A7559DC3907D07DA9D98EC" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: data of Buchroithner, 1981; Wagner et al. 2016; Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Bufotes viridis complex (including species B. oblongus, B. baturae / pseudoraddei, B. turanensis and B. zugmayeri presented by Wagner et al. 2016): 1 - Dehdadi, Balkh; 2 - Nahr Shahi, Balkh; 3 - Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 4 - Arga Queshlaq, Badakhshan; 5 - Broghil Pass, Badakhshan; 6 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 7 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis: Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Testudo horsfieldii: 1 - Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; 2 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 3 - Waza Kwah, Paktika. Phrynocephalus mystaceus: Shor Tepah, Balkh. Trapelus agilis: 1 - Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 2 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 5 - Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan. Trapelus megalonyx: 1 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 2 - Gardez, Gardez Base, Paktia." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339109" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). It is currently known from provinces of Balkh, Farah, Ghazni, Herat, Jowzjan, Kabul, Kunduz and Nimroz. ). It is currently known from provinces of Balkh, Farah, Ghazni, Herat, Jowzjan, Kabul, Kunduz and Nimroz.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records"> <subSubSection id="C709C663CCD246816CFFDC9FF23C92B4" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph> <paragraph id="DDB914748DA932A130F5791DA683D1BD" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="61BD0E9D35A3D917ECAD6D9F69F5F856" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
( (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: data of Buchroithner, 1981; Wagner et al. 2016; Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Bufotes viridis complex (including species B. oblongus, B. baturae / pseudoraddei, B. turanensis and B. zugmayeri presented by Wagner et al. 2016): 1 - Dehdadi, Balkh; 2 - Nahr Shahi, Balkh; 3 - Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 4 - Arga Queshlaq, Badakhshan; 5 - Broghil Pass, Badakhshan; 6 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 7 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis: Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Testudo horsfieldii: 1 - Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; 2 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 3 - Waza Kwah, Paktika. Phrynocephalus mystaceus: Shor Tepah, Balkh. Trapelus agilis: 1 - Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 2 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 5 - Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan. Trapelus megalonyx: 1 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 2 - Gardez, Gardez Base, Paktia." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339109" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="F55432861E66FB835E5CC8B483CE2D64" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: data of Buchroithner, 1981; Wagner et al. 2016; Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Bufotes viridis complex (including species B. oblongus, B. baturae / pseudoraddei, B. turanensis and B. zugmayeri presented by Wagner et al. 2016): 1 - Dehdadi, Balkh; 2 - Nahr Shahi, Balkh; 3 - Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 4 - Arga Queshlaq, Badakhshan; 5 - Broghil Pass, Badakhshan; 6 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 7 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis: Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Testudo horsfieldii: 1 - Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; 2 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 3 - Waza Kwah, Paktika. Phrynocephalus mystaceus: Shor Tepah, Balkh. Trapelus agilis: 1 - Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 2 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 5 - Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan. Trapelus megalonyx: 1 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 2 - Gardez, Gardez Base, Paktia." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339109" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). 1 - Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan (27 October 2011), one adult individual ( ). 1 - Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan (27 October 2011), one adult individual (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Observed species of Dicroglossidae, Testudinidae and Agamidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individuals of Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - adult individual of Testudo horsfieldii from Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; C - adult individual of Phrynocephalus mystaceus from Shor Tepah, Balkh; D - juvenile individual of Trapelus agilis from Lashkargah, Helmand; E - adult male of T. agilis from Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; F, G - adult and subadult males of T. agilis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; H - adult male of T. aff. megalonyx from Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; I - adult individual of T. aff. megalonyx from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339111" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4">Fig. 4B</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="B9FA971D37BCD3F04088DB6CBEFF9168" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Observed species of Dicroglossidae, Testudinidae and Agamidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individuals of Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - adult individual of Testudo horsfieldii from Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; C - adult individual of Phrynocephalus mystaceus from Shor Tepah, Balkh; D - juvenile individual of Trapelus agilis from Lashkargah, Helmand; E - adult male of T. agilis from Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; F, G - adult and subadult males of T. agilis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; H - adult male of T. aff. megalonyx from Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; I - adult individual of T. aff. megalonyx from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339111" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
) recorded in the city; 2 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul (14 March 2008), two adult individuals in semi-desert area of the Base; 3 - Waza Kwah, Paktika (6 December 2008), five adult individuals in arid habitat near a small village ( ) recorded in the city; 2 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul (14 March 2008), two adult individuals in semi-desert area of the Base; 3 - Waza Kwah, Paktika (6 December 2008), five adult individuals in arid habitat near a small village (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. View on selected localities from Afghanistan that were visited: A - habitat of Bufotes viridis complex and Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - stony, semi-desert habitat of Eremias aff. nigrocellata from Kaldar, Balkh; C - semi-desert habitat of Trapelus agilis from Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan; D - vicinity of small village Waza Kwah, Paktika as habitat of Testudo horsfieldii; E - desert habitat of Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; F - burrows in semi-desert habitat that were used by Eremias persica as a shelter, Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339117" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10">Fig. 10D</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="7A7D896FAD85BE1B2E180B3547D4564F" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. View on selected localities from Afghanistan that were visited: A - habitat of Bufotes viridis complex and Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - stony, semi-desert habitat of Eremias aff. nigrocellata from Kaldar, Balkh; C - semi-desert habitat of Trapelus agilis from Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan; D - vicinity of small village Waza Kwah, Paktika as habitat of Testudo horsfieldii; E - desert habitat of Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; F - burrows in semi-desert habitat that were used by Eremias persica as a shelter, Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339117" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10">Fig. 10D</figureCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks"> <subSubSection id="88A8F9FC5BF698F8AE2CBB8388E2CCAC" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph> <paragraph id="481B68B66C11877CE0F90D2A0C985439" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="F9EBC59DD587D772C3B133EB69F5354D" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
All our records represent new localities and first species observations for the respective provinces. Localities 2 and 3 represent an important range extension in the country, connecting known species distributions in Afghanistan and Pakistan ( All our records represent new localities and first species observations for the respective provinces. Localities 2 and 3 represent an important range extension in the country, connecting known species distributions in Afghanistan and Pakistan (
<bibRefCitation author="Khan, MS" journalOrPublisher="Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida, USA" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B9" refString="Khan, MS, 2006. The amphibians and reptiles of Pakistan. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida, USA" title="The amphibians and reptiles of Pakistan." year="2006">Khan 2006</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="21B9EB1A7CC4738F164CD1861CC1A806" author="Khan, MS" journalOrPublisher="Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida, USA" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B9" refString="Khan, MS, 2006. The amphibians and reptiles of Pakistan. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida, USA" title="The amphibians and reptiles of Pakistan." year="2006">Khan 2006</bibRefCitation>
). ).
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="8414E2ACB0E25246B10858C164AACA18" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
recognises recognises
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. h." pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="subspecies" species="h." subspecies="horsfieldii"> <taxonomicName id="0EB40DF259CBB86846B05B0B69CC1BCA" lsidName="T. h." pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="subspecies" species="h." subspecies="horsfieldii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">T. h. horsfieldii</emphasis> <emphasis id="5C706AB8884E6ED3ABFAAB860363FF11" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">T. h. horsfieldii</emphasis>
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in Afghanistan. However, in Afghanistan. However,
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/156853809788201135" author="Fritz, U" journalOrPublisher="Amphibia-Reptilia" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="245 - 257" refId="B6" refString="Fritz, U, Auer, M, Chirikova, MA, Duysebayeva, TN, Eremchenko, VK, Kami, HG, Kashkarov, RD, Masroor, R, Moodley, Y, Pindrani, A, Siroky, P, Hundsdoerfer, AK, 2009. Mitochondrial diversity of the widespread Central Asian steppe tortoise (Testudohorsfieldii Gray, 1844): Implications for taxonomy and relocation of confiscated tortoises. Amphibia-Reptilia 30: 245 - 257" title="Mitochondrial diversity of the widespread Central Asian steppe tortoise (Testudohorsfieldii Gray, 1844): Implications for taxonomy and relocation of confiscated tortoises." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/156853809788201135" volume="30" year="2009">Fritz et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="444ED1E64B91203BD4B83B223D42039F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/156853809788201135" author="Fritz, U" journalOrPublisher="Amphibia-Reptilia" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="245 - 257" refId="B6" refString="Fritz, U, Auer, M, Chirikova, MA, Duysebayeva, TN, Eremchenko, VK, Kami, HG, Kashkarov, RD, Masroor, R, Moodley, Y, Pindrani, A, Siroky, P, Hundsdoerfer, AK, 2009. Mitochondrial diversity of the widespread Central Asian steppe tortoise (Testudohorsfieldii Gray, 1844): Implications for taxonomy and relocation of confiscated tortoises. Amphibia-Reptilia 30: 245 - 257" title="Mitochondrial diversity of the widespread Central Asian steppe tortoise (Testudohorsfieldii Gray, 1844): Implications for taxonomy and relocation of confiscated tortoises." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/156853809788201135" volume="30" year="2009">Fritz et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned the possible occurrence of another mitochondrial clade that could represent a different subspecies. We have noticed cases in Kabul and Kandahar where tortoises were stored by local traders for the Chinese food market. Therefore, conservation programmes should be prepared for this endangered tortoise. mentioned the possible occurrence of another mitochondrial clade that could represent a different subspecies. We have noticed cases in Kabul and Kandahar where tortoises were stored by local traders for the Chinese food market. Therefore, conservation programmes should be prepared for this endangered tortoise.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
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<taxonomicName LSID="AE5DBDADA4AE5FF08850E62CD3F32289" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Ptyas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptyas mucosa" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mucosa">Ptyas mucosa (Linnaeus, 1758)</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="28CC556E156370F57004FFEDB910F741" ID-CoL="4Q9PH" LSID="AE5DBDADA4AE5FF08850E62CD3F32289" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" family="Colubridae" genus="Ptyas" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptyas mucosa" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="mucosa">Ptyas mucosa (Linnaeus, 1758)</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph> <paragraph id="DF6491DA22D49C2932AB209CDC25DE61" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph>
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This species is known from several scattered records across the country (provinces Badghis, Faryab, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Logar, Nuristan, Wardak; This species is known from several scattered records across the country (provinces Badghis, Faryab, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Logar, Nuristan, Wardak;
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="743577EDB99CB86A71A3B24B943E419D" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
). ).
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="81883950A4183C6DBBB03E28AE51ABE9" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned a record from locality &quot; mentioned a record from locality &quot;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Kamu (13325-26)</emphasis> <emphasis id="7406BD486F5B51A307B7C357548AEC2A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Kamu (13325-26)</emphasis>
&quot; (p. 511) but did not present georeferenced data. The coordinates should be &quot; (p. 511) but did not present georeferenced data. The coordinates should be
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.4002" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.4002">35.4002N</geoCoordinate> <geoCoordinate id="C274AF8E2A440B2E2105BCCC30CCA71D" degrees="35.4002" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.4002">35.4002N</geoCoordinate>
, ,
<geoCoordinate degrees="71.4239" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="71.4239">71.4239E</geoCoordinate> <geoCoordinate id="21342A45D5E6F8C8B09ED75676CCDEDD" degrees="71.4239" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="71.4239">71.4239E</geoCoordinate>
, Nuristan Prov. , Nuristan Prov.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records"> <subSubSection id="64C4F22548B0C0A03D33C18D903A1753" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records.</paragraph> <paragraph id="364D512C6B0D33B06F6C94714AAE3059" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="DC4B2433540C351D90AA5416731D30B0" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul (13 October 2010), one adult individual ( Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul (13 October 2010), one adult individual (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Observed species of Colubridae and Viperidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of Hemorrhois ravergieri from Jurm, Badakhshan (photo by Glyn Morris); B - subadult individual of Platyceps rhodorachis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C - subadult individual of P. rhodorachis (striped phenotype) from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; D - adult individual of Ptyas mucosa from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - subadult individual of Spalerosophis diadema from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - subadult individual of S. diadema from Spin Boldak, Kandahar (photo by Ron Savage); G, H - subadult and adult individual of Echis carinatus from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339116" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9">Fig. 9D</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="3BE4192F1F3F524A3F4F57556EC77A8E" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Observed species of Colubridae and Viperidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of Hemorrhois ravergieri from Jurm, Badakhshan (photo by Glyn Morris); B - subadult individual of Platyceps rhodorachis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C - subadult individual of P. rhodorachis (striped phenotype) from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; D - adult individual of Ptyas mucosa from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - subadult individual of Spalerosophis diadema from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - subadult individual of S. diadema from Spin Boldak, Kandahar (photo by Ron Savage); G, H - subadult and adult individual of Echis carinatus from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339116" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9">Fig. 9D</figureCitation>
) found 50 m outside the barrier of the camp in the bushy habitat. ) found 50 m outside the barrier of the camp in the bushy habitat.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks"> <subSubSection id="30488917C3E1C42E3DE0110F5EE1C310" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph> <paragraph id="75FE867145A388008EAEEDE1BCAF4FDE" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="2A170FD62FE0121E93E7245A6C9FAF28" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="3CA640B36BA5099F23C4A156E1BE3AF2" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
presented the species occurrence in Kabul and its vicinity. Therefore, we did not map this record. The observation is correctly mentioned in presented the species occurrence in Kabul and its vicinity. Therefore, we did not map this record. The observation is correctly mentioned in
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="A38D5A1FEA5680DA4F737886AFBF2D05" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017)</bibRefCitation>
on pp. 42-43. on pp. 42-43.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>

100
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032226" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B28475443E75787C64439F384A293AE8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B28475443E75787C64439F384A293AE8" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="12" pageNumber="67"> <treatment id="B28475443E75787C64439F384A293AE8" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032226" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B28475443E75787C64439F384A293AE8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B28475443E75787C64439F384A293AE8" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" scope_family="Rhinotermitidae" scope_infraOrder="Isoptera">
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="67" type="nomenclature"> <subSubSection id="2336C0DD322B477B66EF76EF8FE4D3F7" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="67"> <paragraph id="788F739ED4E368596FFF90BE1C836F5D" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">
Genus Genus
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Parrhinotermes" authority="Holmgren, 1910" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1910" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Parrhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parrhinotermes Holmgren, 1910</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="1170FD76F2E733754F37597A0D7DE418" ID-CoL="8NX68" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Parrhinotermes" authority="Holmgren, 1910" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1910" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Parrhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parrhinotermes Holmgren, 1910</taxonomicName>
</paragraph> </paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="67" type="reference_group"> <subSubSection id="C754736C0D2B961333B6C9AF35F33B63" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="67"> <paragraph id="F113E5470C2A74FCD6699043DBF79B2C" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Parrhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parrhinotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="21AF4EBD6BA6014375B9582AD6D1A783" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Parrhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parrhinotermes</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Zoologischer Anzeiger" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="284 - 286" title="Das System der Termiten." volume="35" year="1910 a">Holmgren 1910a</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="5AC3CA72DB0F1ADE1F110B47A01304B3" author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Zoologischer Anzeiger" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="284 - 286" title="Das System der Termiten." volume="35" year="1910 a">Holmgren 1910a</bibRefCitation>
: 285. : 285.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="67" type="type species"> <subSubSection id="7855A17A7CA255D6F1B08D3B58DA4981" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" type="type species">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="67">Type species.</paragraph> <paragraph id="058C4B921596B60BBDB43E7CCFFF427A" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="67"> <paragraph id="D74B2867EF88214AB399C710ABF3E20F" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes aequalis" order="Blattodea" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aequalis">Termes aequalis</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="D1CB5EF42010C4B5292235D20D56BA91" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes aequalis" order="Blattodea" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aequalis">Termes aequalis</taxonomicName>
Haviland, 1898, by monotypy (as Haviland, 1898, by monotypy (as
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes aqualis" order="Blattodea" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aqualis">Termes aqualis</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="7E218FF72B92EA87B8C0C14E3F3D1EF4" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes aqualis" order="Blattodea" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aqualis">Termes aqualis</taxonomicName>
, incorrect spelling). , incorrect spelling).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="67" type="diagnosis"> <subSubSection id="54BB4872383FFD22406AB7304A2F476F" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="67">Diagnosis.</paragraph> <paragraph id="E1D56148464FB47984E4674B7ED916EB" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="67">Imago head approximately circular, with fontanelle situated between eyes. Frons with a slightly visible groove. Labrum short, inclined downward, without groove. Antennae with 16 or 17 articles. Pronotum relatively short, generally of the same width or slightly narrower than head. Soldier head rectangular to ovoid. Frons and clypeus with a groove, from the narrow fontanelle to the beginning of the labrum. Labrum elongated, crossed by a groove in the middle, and garnished with an apical brush. Base of mandibles serrated. Left mandible with two subsidiary teeth. Right mandible with one subsidiary tooth. Antennae with 13 articles.</paragraph> <paragraph id="28DAB8EC2266AAC97E84172C4D6C5E4A" pageId="12" pageNumber="67">Imago head approximately circular, with fontanelle situated between eyes. Frons with a slightly visible groove. Labrum short, inclined downward, without groove. Antennae with 16 or 17 articles. Pronotum relatively short, generally of the same width or slightly narrower than head. Soldier head rectangular to ovoid. Frons and clypeus with a groove, from the narrow fontanelle to the beginning of the labrum. Labrum elongated, crossed by a groove in the middle, and garnished with an apical brush. Base of mandibles serrated. Left mandible with two subsidiary teeth. Right mandible with one subsidiary tooth. Antennae with 13 articles.</paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="68" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="EBC3F41F0734D5AA94614B49FEB9BA7D" pageId="13" pageNumber="68" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="68"> <paragraph id="BB5B32C7234CA06E4AFDF2C123FF6A73" pageId="13" pageNumber="68">
<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="68" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken> <pageBreakToken id="F58BE5DC7823A4DD2B5D42AED265B9D9" pageId="13" pageNumber="68" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
. .
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="68"> <paragraph id="16893362C74E3F3AE79D4E10FF36DDAD" pageId="13" pageNumber="68">
This genus is known from the Oriental region, northeastern India, the Papuan region and northern Australia (in northern Queensland) ( This genus is known from the Oriental region, northeastern India, the Papuan region and northern Australia (in northern Queensland) (
<bibRefCitation author="Emerson, AE" journalOrPublisher="Fieldiana Zoology" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="465 - 521" title="Geographical origins and dispersions of termite genera." volume="37" year="1955">Emerson 1955</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="0200957C82F27AA601EFA74291C55FAC" author="Emerson, AE" journalOrPublisher="Fieldiana Zoology" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="465 - 521" title="Geographical origins and dispersions of termite genera." volume="37" year="1955">Emerson 1955</bibRefCitation>
, ,
<bibRefCitation author="Tho, YP" journalOrPublisher="Malayan Forest Records, Kepong," pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 224" title="Termites of Peninsular Malaysia. Forest Research Institute Malaysia." volume="36" year="1992">Tho 1992</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="2934A192F66312D37B14981300097589" author="Tho, YP" journalOrPublisher="Malayan Forest Records, Kepong," pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 224" title="Termites of Peninsular Malaysia. Forest Research Institute Malaysia." volume="36" year="1992">Tho 1992</bibRefCitation>
). It occurs in tropical rainforest where it nests in dead logs. ). It occurs in tropical rainforest where it nests in dead logs.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>

154
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032228" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B30C248C1BFC88064D4ABD638AEFE101" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B30C248C1BFC88064D4ABD638AEFE101" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="13" pageNumber="68"> <treatment id="B30C248C1BFC88064D4ABD638AEFE101" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032228" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B30C248C1BFC88064D4ABD638AEFE101" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B30C248C1BFC88064D4ABD638AEFE101" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="13" pageNumber="68" scope_family="Rhinotermitidae" scope_infraOrder="Isoptera">
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="68" type="nomenclature"> <subSubSection id="0B1C011DD5288279B8A5135E6F5D35BF" pageId="13" pageNumber="68" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="68"> <paragraph id="7C9C7D2679A30203A5E8BF45A0ECA215" pageId="13" pageNumber="68">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Parrhinotermes_browni" authority="Harris, 1958" authorityName="Harris" authorityYear="1958" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Parrhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinotermes browni" order="Blattodea" pageId="13" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="browni">Parrhinotermes browni (Harris, 1958)</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="0CF111EA75E949CA5CA1538D6893D9FE" ID-CoL="4DT5H" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Parrhinotermes_browni" authority="Harris, 1958" authorityName="Harris" authorityYear="1958" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Parrhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinotermes browni" order="Blattodea" pageId="13" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="browni">Parrhinotermes browni (Harris, 1958)</taxonomicName>
Figs 45-4955 Figs 45-4955
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="68" type="reference_group"> <subSubSection id="2863E4996D45335A97EE4FAC0E87FF6A" pageId="13" pageNumber="68" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="68"> <paragraph id="1B202F02272A29E9D2A6F08D5B348435" pageId="13" pageNumber="68">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes browni" order="Blattodea" pageId="13" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="browni">Schedorhinotermes browni</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="19D893A8D243123DBE051AF2B9C6D3A5" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes browni" order="Blattodea" pageId="13" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="browni">Schedorhinotermes browni</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Harris, WV" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London (B)" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="59 - 60" title="A new termite from the Solomon Islands (Isoptera)." volume="27" year="1958">Harris 1958</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="845A67004FE94724E64DBCDEB3B1E0A0" author="Harris, WV" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London (B)" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="59 - 60" title="A new termite from the Solomon Islands (Isoptera)." volume="27" year="1958">Harris 1958</bibRefCitation>
: 59. : 59.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="68"> <paragraph id="3FC0E0A5FE1963F5253DB9971739B776" pageId="13" pageNumber="68">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Parrhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinotermes browni" order="Blattodea" pageId="13" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="browni">Parrhinotermes browni</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="3BF5EA7C51BB4A87B872A63E16349DE4" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Parrhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinotermes browni" order="Blattodea" pageId="13" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="browni">Parrhinotermes browni</taxonomicName>
(Harris): (Harris):
<bibRefCitation author="Roisin, Y" journalOrPublisher="Sociobiology" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="21 - 28" title="The caste system of Parrhinotermes browni (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)." volume="14" year="1988 a">Roisin 1988a</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="9C244DF7CF1CD47BE52F12F4D57D74E4" author="Roisin, Y" journalOrPublisher="Sociobiology" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="21 - 28" title="The caste system of Parrhinotermes browni (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)." volume="14" year="1988 a">Roisin 1988a</bibRefCitation>
: 22. : 22.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="13" pageNumber="68" type="material examined"> <subSubSection id="2728EC60559AACDE6EA7AD96021B795D" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="13" pageNumber="68" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="68">Material examined.</paragraph> <paragraph id="E4E2EF48F3890F1763AECB0E4122C096" pageId="13" pageNumber="68">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="13" pageNumber="68"> <paragraph id="0D921DF9B74C683208E824388F3E0D90" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="13" pageNumber="68">
Paratypes, soldiers and workers:SOLOMON ISLANDS: Guadalcanal: Gold Ridge, 22.iii.1955 (E.S. Brown) (Brit. Mus. 1957-137, BMNH). Other material: PAPUA NEW GUINEA:East Sepik: Tsenap, 18.v.1929 (K.P. Schmidt), from log on ground (AMNH); Madang: Yagaum Hospital, 07.iv.1983 (YR) (#PNGT303, 306); Yagaum Hospital, 13.v.1983 (YR) (#PNGT340, 341); Bunapae, 18.ii.1984 (YR) (#PNGT546); Bunapae, 12.vi.1984 (YR) (#PNGT681); Guam bridge, 09.viii.1984 (YR), with royal pair (#PNGT782); Guam bridge, 12.ii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR), with royal pair (#PNGT867); Guam bridge, 9.vi.1986 (YR), large colony with royal pair in rotten wood (#PNGT1023), and small sample (#PNGT1024); Sepen No.1, 29.vi.1986 (YR) (#PNGT1031); Hatzfeldthafen, 22.viii.1987 (YR), with primary king and ergatoid queen (#PNGT1130); Braham mission, 06.v.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1204); Wanuma, 05.viii.1969 (R. Zweifel) (AMNH); Morobe: Busu River, 17.xii.1962 (AE) (AMNH); 18 mi W Lae, 28.xi.1962 (AE), nest with royal pair in Paratypes, soldiers and workers:SOLOMON ISLANDS: Guadalcanal: Gold Ridge, 22.iii.1955 (E.S. Brown) (Brit. Mus. 1957-137, BMNH). Other material: PAPUA NEW GUINEA:East Sepik: Tsenap, 18.v.1929 (K.P. Schmidt), from log on ground (AMNH); Madang: Yagaum Hospital, 07.iv.1983 (YR) (#PNGT303, 306); Yagaum Hospital, 13.v.1983 (YR) (#PNGT340, 341); Bunapae, 18.ii.1984 (YR) (#PNGT546); Bunapae, 12.vi.1984 (YR) (#PNGT681); Guam bridge, 09.viii.1984 (YR), with royal pair (#PNGT782); Guam bridge, 12.ii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR), with royal pair (#PNGT867); Guam bridge, 9.vi.1986 (YR), large colony with royal pair in rotten wood (#PNGT1023), and small sample (#PNGT1024); Sepen No.1, 29.vi.1986 (YR) (#PNGT1031); Hatzfeldthafen, 22.viii.1987 (YR), with primary king and ergatoid queen (#PNGT1130); Braham mission, 06.v.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1204); Wanuma, 05.viii.1969 (R. Zweifel) (AMNH); Morobe: Busu River, 17.xii.1962 (AE) (AMNH); 18 mi W Lae, 28.xi.1962 (AE), nest with royal pair in
<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="69" start="start">large</pageBreakToken> <pageBreakToken id="B017C50632971779E46BD354E4FADC27" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" start="start">large</pageBreakToken>
log on forest floor (AMNH); Bulolo, 22.v.1987 (YR), in hoop pine ( log on forest floor (AMNH); Bulolo, 22.v.1987 (YR), in hoop pine (
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Araucaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Araucaria cunninghamii" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cunninghamii">Araucaria cunninghamii</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="B429DCEFA4F5CB632FCBDF19B4BABF0A" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Araucaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Araucaria cunninghamii" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cunninghamii">Araucaria cunninghamii</taxonomicName>
) plantation (#PNGT1081); McAdam National Park, 20.v.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1236); Sandaun: Yapsiei, 11.iii.1994 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1742); Yapsiei, 12.iii.1994 (YR &amp; ML), in standing dead wood, with alates (#PNGT1751); Central: Subitana plantation, xi.1962 (AE) (AMNH). INDONESIA: Papua: Pusppenssat-IrJa, 13.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT7, 9); Pusppenssat-IrJa, 14.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT28); Pusppenssat-IrJa, 15.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT39); Pusppenssat-IrJa, 29.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT203); road Nabire-Mapia km 43, 26.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT167). ) plantation (#PNGT1081); McAdam National Park, 20.v.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1236); Sandaun: Yapsiei, 11.iii.1994 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1742); Yapsiei, 12.iii.1994 (YR &amp; ML), in standing dead wood, with alates (#PNGT1751); Central: Subitana plantation, xi.1962 (AE) (AMNH). INDONESIA: Papua: Pusppenssat-IrJa, 13.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT7, 9); Pusppenssat-IrJa, 14.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT28); Pusppenssat-IrJa, 15.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT39); Pusppenssat-IrJa, 29.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT203); road Nabire-Mapia km 43, 26.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT167).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<caption pageId="14" pageNumber="69"> <caption id="1D895CD4027837D635A6E05117626D88" pageId="14" pageNumber="69">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="69"> <paragraph id="B51EE6424B9F22C05FA18F0DBCBD1E33" pageId="14" pageNumber="69">
Figures 45-49. Figures 45-49.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Parrhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinotermes browni" order="Blattodea" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="browni">Parrhinotermes browni</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="7D0E370DEB6D03FFF9D2446DF48B0B52" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Parrhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinotermes browni" order="Blattodea" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="browni">Parrhinotermes browni</taxonomicName>
. Imago: 45 head. Soldier: 46 head in dorsal view; 47 head in ventral view; 48 left mandible; 49 right mandible. Scale bars: 45, 46, 47: 0.5mm 48, 49: 0.2mm. . Imago: 45 head. Soldier: 46 head in dorsal view; 47 head in ventral view; 48 left mandible; 49 right mandible. Scale bars: 45, 46, 47: 0.5mm 48, 49: 0.2mm.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
<caption pageId="14" pageNumber="69"> <caption id="94C90E4510BFB5A2F0A8BDFE654E3E2D" pageId="14" pageNumber="69">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="69"> <paragraph id="71FE713837C8F17C0E41AFA445C3FE25" pageId="14" pageNumber="69">
Figures 50-54. Figures 50-54.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Parrhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinotermes barbatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbatus">Parrhinotermes barbatus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="93967D9158C899087C33F1262E1680AC" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Parrhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinotermes barbatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbatus">Parrhinotermes barbatus</taxonomicName>
. Imago: 50 head. Soldier: 51 head in dorsal view; 52 head in ventral view; 53 left mandible; 54 right mandible. Scale bars: 50, 51, 52: 0.5mm; 53, 54: 0.2mm. . Imago: 50 head. Soldier: 51 head in dorsal view; 52 head in ventral view; 53 left mandible; 54 right mandible. Scale bars: 50, 51, 52: 0.5mm; 53, 54: 0.2mm.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
<caption pageId="14" pageNumber="69"> <caption id="1392358370F904A68ECF5440D5C3B702" pageId="14" pageNumber="69">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="69"> <paragraph id="BCEBF3095AACD72B1ED2704E532E56D3" pageId="14" pageNumber="69">
Figure 55. Known distribution in New Guinea of: ∗ Figure 55. Known distribution in New Guinea of: ∗
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Parrhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinotermes browni" order="Blattodea" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="browni">Parrhinotermes browni</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="8A586F3F299912C1F68CF092B1F47AA1" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Parrhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinotermes browni" order="Blattodea" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="browni">Parrhinotermes browni</taxonomicName>
; ■ ; ■
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Parrhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinotermes barbatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbatus">Parrhinotermes barbatus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="B3158ACB806B6C20177D3201F4E47707" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Parrhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinotermes barbatus" order="Blattodea" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbatus">Parrhinotermes barbatus</taxonomicName>
. Arrow points to type locality. . Arrow points to type locality.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="69" type="imago"> <subSubSection id="AA96445994731917DD633DB0D8BDC1CE" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" type="imago">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="69">Imago.</paragraph> <paragraph id="B8308A30D49D976D43BE6CCBEC8A07D3" pageId="14" pageNumber="69">Imago.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="69">(Fig. 45). Head covered by about 15 setae with posterior edges strongly rounded, frons and clypeus short. Pronotum covered by about 100 setae. Antennae with 17 articles. Measurements (mm) of 6 imagoes from 1 colony: TBL: 5.76-6.34; HLC: 1.04-1.18; HWE: 1.19-1.26; PL: 0.47-0.65; PW: 0.90-0.95; FWL: 8.34-8.93; ED: 0.27-0.36.</paragraph> <paragraph id="0BB8D3D3688D2910D2C8432AD4CBCEC5" pageId="14" pageNumber="69">(Fig. 45). Head covered by about 15 setae with posterior edges strongly rounded, frons and clypeus short. Pronotum covered by about 100 setae. Antennae with 17 articles. Measurements (mm) of 6 imagoes from 1 colony: TBL: 5.76-6.34; HLC: 1.04-1.18; HWE: 1.19-1.26; PL: 0.47-0.65; PW: 0.90-0.95; FWL: 8.34-8.93; ED: 0.27-0.36.</paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" type="soldier"> <subSubSection id="7412B0C2FCF902A3F8DD4D70CE3B3FB8" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="14" pageNumber="69" type="soldier">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="69">Soldier.</paragraph> <paragraph id="1CB8B9409233694FD5600FC8C55BF787" pageId="14" pageNumber="69">Soldier.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="14" pageNumber="69"> <paragraph id="F7338E3A41E43CFABA07522997A8FA0E" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="14" pageNumber="69">
(Figs 46-49) Head rectangular-shaped with edges slightly rounded, covered by about 50 small setae and 10 large ones. Labrum elongated, reaching the tip of mandibles, with a rounded apical brush. Postmentum covered by setae only on its upper part. Antennae with 13 articles. Mandibles straight, slightly curved at tip, slightly serrated at base. Measurements (mm) of 6 soldiers of the type colony and 39 soldiers from 13 colonies (parentheses): HLC: 1.13-1.19 (1.01-1.33); HLL: 1.56-1.64 (1.40-1.79); HW: 0.90-0.94 (0.86-1.05); PW: 0.52-0.56 (0.51-0.68); RML: 0.69 (Figs 46-49) Head rectangular-shaped with edges slightly rounded, covered by about 50 small setae and 10 large ones. Labrum elongated, reaching the tip of mandibles, with a rounded apical brush. Postmentum covered by setae only on its upper part. Antennae with 13 articles. Mandibles straight, slightly curved at tip, slightly serrated at base. Measurements (mm) of 6 soldiers of the type colony and 39 soldiers from 13 colonies (parentheses): HLC: 1.13-1.19 (1.01-1.33); HLL: 1.56-1.64 (1.40-1.79); HW: 0.90-0.94 (0.86-1.05); PW: 0.52-0.56 (0.51-0.68); RML: 0.69
<pageBreakToken pageId="15" pageNumber="70" start="start">-</pageBreakToken> <pageBreakToken id="B589D53B3102ABC6E7A9574053862537" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" start="start">-</pageBreakToken>
0.73 (0.64-0.78); MPW: 0.27-0.31 (0.27-0.34); mPW: 0.16-0.18 (0.16-0.22); T3L: 0.75-0.81 (0.70-0.89). 0.73 (0.64-0.78); MPW: 0.27-0.31 (0.27-0.34); mPW: 0.16-0.18 (0.16-0.22); T3L: 0.75-0.81 (0.70-0.89).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="70" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="7A9D5D7622F50BEA4B78CADC8BE3C0DA" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="70">Distribution.</paragraph> <paragraph id="A582DAE462F018D941AB74F614880874" pageId="15" pageNumber="70">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="70"> <paragraph id="5CCCE476F88210C5A2A8FE54BC25CBAD" pageId="15" pageNumber="70">
(Fig. 55). This species, originally described from the Solomon Islands, is common in Northern New Guinea and in the (Fig. 55). This species, originally described from the Solomon Islands, is common in Northern New Guinea and in the
<normalizedToken originalValue="bird’s">bird's</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="FF8E9F3E69B15713DE21C14E67551B40" originalValue="bird’s">bird's</normalizedToken>
neck area. neck area.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="70" type="termitophiles"> <subSubSection id="BEC5225A5C576F6F9F9853B0D90C82B4" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" type="termitophiles">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="70">Termitophiles.</paragraph> <paragraph id="DBA2D954222E435133727480BD9D7376" pageId="15" pageNumber="70">Termitophiles.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="70"> <paragraph id="DEAA40314D015A142D7EBA516974C49A" pageId="15" pageNumber="70">
Several species of Several species of
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" rank="tribe" tribe="Trichopseniini">Trichopseniini</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="0B4C4C404269C1621A41E5AB0C379B63" lsidName="" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" rank="tribe" tribe="Trichopseniini">Trichopseniini</taxonomicName>
( (
<taxonomicName genus="Coleptera" lsidName="Coleptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" rank="genus">Coleptera</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="732CE1F1922C590B8FED7D972F27A154" genus="Coleptera" lsidName="Coleptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" rank="genus">Coleptera</taxonomicName>
, ,
<taxonomicName family="Staphylinidae" lsidName="" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" rank="family">Staphylinidae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="8A2A967707047375A3364EB19A638EB9" family="Staphylinidae" lsidName="" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" rank="family">Staphylinidae</taxonomicName>
) were reported from this species ( ) were reported from this species (
<bibRefCitation author="Bourguignon, T" journalOrPublisher="Insect Systematics and Evolution" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="405 - 425" title="Taxonomy, distribution and host specificity of the termitophile tribe Trichopseniini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) in New Guinea and adjacent islands." url="10.1163/187631207794760967" volume="38" year="2007">Bourguignon et al. 2007</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="FD506F8DB59BC16E89A416D14AD796F4" author="Bourguignon, T" journalOrPublisher="Insect Systematics and Evolution" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="405 - 425" title="Taxonomy, distribution and host specificity of the termitophile tribe Trichopseniini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) in New Guinea and adjacent islands." url="10.1163/187631207794760967" volume="38" year="2007">Bourguignon et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
): ):
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Parrhinopsenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinopsenius brevipilosus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipilosus">Parrhinopsenius brevipilosus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="71C04E41FEB60647AE56AA420DE8D3AC" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Parrhinopsenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinopsenius brevipilosus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipilosus">Parrhinopsenius brevipilosus</taxonomicName>
, ,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Parrhinopsenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinopsenius longipilosus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipilosus">Parrhinopsenius longipilosus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="108FF1DEB99C5148BE381F9A97CD0BC8" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Parrhinopsenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinopsenius longipilosus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipilosus">Parrhinopsenius longipilosus</taxonomicName>
, ,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Parrhinopsenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinopsenius hirsutus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsutus">Parrhinopsenius hirsutus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="0497BFE6FBA7B97470B1CF1629A4733D" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Parrhinopsenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinopsenius hirsutus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsutus">Parrhinopsenius hirsutus</taxonomicName>
, ,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Parrhinopsenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinopsenius parvus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvus">Parrhinopsenius parvus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="4F40BE1E3214D8A911BF32951C3140B6" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Parrhinopsenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parrhinopsenius parvus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvus">Parrhinopsenius parvus</taxonomicName>
, and one specimen of , and one specimen of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedolimulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedolimulus latus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latus">Schedolimulus latus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="99316BAF82FA830B128DF326E45C360E" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedolimulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedolimulus latus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latus">Schedolimulus latus</taxonomicName>
. .
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>

104
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032240" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B81A9F982E3CB9815E50B2967027B3D4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B81A9F982E3CB9815E50B2967027B3D4" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="2" pageNumber="57"> <treatment id="B81A9F982E3CB9815E50B2967027B3D4" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032240" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B81A9F982E3CB9815E50B2967027B3D4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B81A9F982E3CB9815E50B2967027B3D4" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" scope_family="Rhinotermitidae" scope_infraOrder="Isoptera">
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="57" type="nomenclature"> <subSubSection id="4D0520ECE332200E69891E4A3393CABF" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="57"> <paragraph id="99E01CB2B46CB4D0212CD50E3E9166BC" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
Genus Genus
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Coptotermes" authority="Wasmann, 1896" authorityName="Wasmann" authorityYear="1896" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coptotermes Wasmann, 1896</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="8CC69AD0EBAA954D9795AAC6353E5941" ID-CoL="8NNF2" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Coptotermes" authority="Wasmann, 1896" authorityName="Wasmann" authorityYear="1896" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coptotermes Wasmann, 1896</taxonomicName>
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="57" type="reference_group"> <subSubSection id="2A00E9F19F5CBC0A73804789F1D6408F" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="57"> <paragraph id="BEACB9A48BAE0D67EB973E727A165E2B" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="A7CAC01B7A546443508085298A46972E" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termes</taxonomicName>
( (
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coptotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="D6A21B58D59F597FDE4CA1CFAE69ED39" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coptotermes</taxonomicName>
) )
<bibRefCitation pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Wasmann 1896</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="E71A3CEDC698AB5805A3CB3D0FB053AF" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Wasmann 1896</bibRefCitation>
: 629. : 629.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="57" type="type species"> <subSubSection id="99C4A8307CD7136778B166A962C991C2" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" type="type species">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Type species.</paragraph> <paragraph id="34E8F28D588EEBFD898375D94AE40A5C" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="57"> <paragraph id="717AB2E7EBC421D51EDA42F4C66A86D5" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes gestroi" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gestroi">Termes gestroi</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="D9074D0B07CC2F14C476D6DE7A6C6180" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes gestroi" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gestroi">Termes gestroi</taxonomicName>
Wasmann, 1896, by monotypy. Wasmann, 1896, by monotypy.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" type="diagnosis"> <subSubSection id="B998C63F4BE81CA19BCB0731F1BFAD0F" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Diagnosis.</paragraph> <paragraph id="14880FDAEA23C6D0323628BD24D535C2" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="2" pageNumber="57"> <paragraph id="2D4B74FC9762E25E819FB3A9DF437976" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
Imago head circular, covered by many setae. Fontanelle indistinct and appearing as a small spot in the middle of the head. Large ocelli located above the eyes. Pronotum and abdomen densely hairy. Soldiers with pyriform head capsule, slightl Imago head circular, covered by many setae. Fontanelle indistinct and appearing as a small spot in the middle of the head. Large ocelli located above the eyes. Pronotum and abdomen densely hairy. Soldiers with pyriform head capsule, slightl
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="58" start="start">y</pageBreakToken> <pageBreakToken id="9D2C184DDBA67EC8A08E6625D7FCF37E" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" start="start">y</pageBreakToken>
hairy. Fontanelle very large, directed forward, through which the latex-like secretion of the frontal gland is discharged. Labrum short, triangular-shaped. Mandibles narrow and elongated, curved at tip; right mandible without subsidiary teeth and serrations; left one with a basal tooth and serrations. Antennae with 12 to 16 articles. hairy. Fontanelle very large, directed forward, through which the latex-like secretion of the frontal gland is discharged. Labrum short, triangular-shaped. Mandibles narrow and elongated, curved at tip; right mandible without subsidiary teeth and serrations; left one with a basal tooth and serrations. Antennae with 12 to 16 articles.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="1101AEDC377E02F1E6B9B2A791465954" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Distribution.</paragraph> <paragraph id="15CBE50BD3B8E1188B0186C75557A520" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="58"> <paragraph id="99541A92B0387F2DFFE8B7AEE4B40B0E" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
The genus The genus
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coptotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="03BB6291871210729375A10DAB3C367D" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coptotermes</taxonomicName>
is broadly distributed, occurring in all tropical and subtropical regions. It comprises species adapted to all major biomes, from tropical rainforest to arid steppes and deserts. Nests are generally found in logs, in the heartwood of living trees, or underground ( is broadly distributed, occurring in all tropical and subtropical regions. It comprises species adapted to all major biomes, from tropical rainforest to arid steppes and deserts. Nests are generally found in logs, in the heartwood of living trees, or underground (
<bibRefCitation author="Emerson, AE" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="243 - 304" title="Tertiary fossil species of the Rhinotermitidae (Isoptera), phylogeny of genera, and reciprocal phylogeny of associated Flagellata (Protozoa) and the Staphylinidae (Coleoptera)." volume="146" year="1971">Emerson 1971</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="0EF5F4BFD8CA5D701793C3BA90E46C00" author="Emerson, AE" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="243 - 304" title="Tertiary fossil species of the Rhinotermitidae (Isoptera), phylogeny of genera, and reciprocal phylogeny of associated Flagellata (Protozoa) and the Staphylinidae (Coleoptera)." volume="146" year="1971">Emerson 1971</bibRefCitation>
). Several species, such as ). Several species, such as
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes formosanus" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">Coptotermes formosanus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="C1407CA5D6D0B74297DE70D1BB306D30" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes formosanus" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">Coptotermes formosanus</taxonomicName>
, are major pests of buildings ( , are major pests of buildings (
<bibRefCitation pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Su and Scheffrahn 2000</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="2F92F3EF2133933661E6CE74D4593B57" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Su and Scheffrahn 2000</bibRefCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>

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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="nomenclature"> <subSubSection id="A37859B9137BB91B381E3D7641DA0024" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="76"> <paragraph id="F6C45F2FC5E5F30666F5B744D6A97387" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Schedorhinotermes_translucens" authority="Haviland, 1898" authorityName="Haviland" authorityYear="1898" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens (Haviland, 1898)</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="57EB04CEC7D709A0748ABC7DC920074E" ID-CoL="4V6J8" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Schedorhinotermes_translucens" authority="Haviland, 1898" authorityName="Haviland" authorityYear="1898" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens (Haviland, 1898)</taxonomicName>
Figs 75-8183 Figs 75-8183
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="reference_group"> <subSubSection id="2EA52AE4A1C7636767F5F7394112DCC9" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="76"> <paragraph id="ED26A9589E1FF3702EC18442B2BA66ED" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Termes translucens</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="D2B189F097E2712B78DD2386C3685F48" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Termes translucens</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Haviland, GD" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Linnean Society (Zoology)" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="358 - 442" title="Observations on termites; with descriptions of new species." url="10.1111/j.1096-3642.1898.tb00405.x" volume="26" year="1898">Haviland 1898</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="B9A6593FA9C415D4EAAF558F6D1D396C" author="Haviland, GD" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Linnean Society (Zoology)" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="358 - 442" title="Observations on termites; with descriptions of new species." url="10.1111/j.1096-3642.1898.tb00405.x" volume="26" year="1898">Haviland 1898</bibRefCitation>
: 394. : 394.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="76"> <paragraph id="999E243F99DAFE2C37B93B70F03AD175" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Rhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="249061C2E1C72AF8211BF221B8A7D30E" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Rhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName>
(Haviland). (Haviland).
<bibRefCitation pageId="21" pageNumber="76">Desneux 1904b</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="37F152EC561AD5CA528AB36A14AB2B48" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">Desneux 1904b</bibRefCitation>
: 28. : 28.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="76"> <paragraph id="06B8C7D2A1E1D72AA2B049609278E24A" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhinotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="2167751E0B6E1B0A7C0EA17C196AF9CF" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhinotermes</taxonomicName>
( (
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schedorhinotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="C0FB47CE3750608F73468C4313FC2D7C" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schedorhinotermes</taxonomicName>
) translucens (Haviland). ) translucens (Haviland).
<bibRefCitation author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="452 - 465" title="Neu-Guinea-Termiten." volume="5" year="1911 a">Holmgren 1911a</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="F9DB6406DE85C2344FE3F67F3F74B209" author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="452 - 465" title="Neu-Guinea-Termiten." volume="5" year="1911 a">Holmgren 1911a</bibRefCitation>
: 458. : 458.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="76"> <paragraph id="BBAEBBF7ACDAC33A0C8C2912F637503D" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhinotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="C3336BD8BC82DF6E93B2DC5509E278BF" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhinotermes</taxonomicName>
( (
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schedorhinotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="E30247F263DEDA463DB12C17820A2DBD" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schedorhinotermes</taxonomicName>
) celebensis ) celebensis
<bibRefCitation author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="452 - 465" title="Neu-Guinea-Termiten." volume="5" year="1911 a">Holmgren 1911a</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="484849C44A814A51555EB921D4B4DF60" author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="452 - 465" title="Neu-Guinea-Termiten." volume="5" year="1911 a">Holmgren 1911a</bibRefCitation>
: 458. New synonymy. : 458. New synonymy.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="76"> <paragraph id="A073C939FA5B1DF42812855E6D84981E" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhinotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="44D1AEF26224168866255787989915D8" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhinotermes</taxonomicName>
( (
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schedorhinotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="D12C0C9FFDF776BFD8DEB36F2626ACCE" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schedorhinotermes</taxonomicName>
) marjoriae ) marjoriae
<bibRefCitation author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="395 - 407" title="New termites from the Solomon Islands and Santa Cruz Archipelago." volume="15" year="1925">Snyder 1925</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="CA4CC8799B1C6168B2D4B3E05BB8116C" author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="395 - 407" title="New termites from the Solomon Islands and Santa Cruz Archipelago." volume="15" year="1925">Snyder 1925</bibRefCitation>
: 404-405. New synonymy. : 404-405. New synonymy.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="76"> <paragraph id="397948C1EC0FA57BFFC75305083265E1" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes marjoriae" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marjoriae">Schedorhinotermes marjoriae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="61EA4C5D61B3F489F8EAEE75CF7D2894" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes marjoriae" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marjoriae">Schedorhinotermes marjoriae</taxonomicName>
(Snyder). (Snyder).
<bibRefCitation author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution, Washington" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Catalog of the Termites (Isoptera) of the World." year="1949">Snyder 1949</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="F52B5D86FEBDC06D42A513C802EFE068" author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution, Washington" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Catalog of the Termites (Isoptera) of the World." year="1949">Snyder 1949</bibRefCitation>
: 94. : 94.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="76"> <paragraph id="6B768B861A543D6258C4E2BF9B60A3D5" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes celebensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celebensis">Schedorhinotermes celebensis</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="6503589546E24563AE23920929F9D7D1" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes celebensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celebensis">Schedorhinotermes celebensis</taxonomicName>
(Holmgren). (Holmgren).
<bibRefCitation author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution, Washington" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Catalog of the Termites (Isoptera) of the World." year="1949">Snyder 1949</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="394308BAD21A19E244C7E397D4B3C399" author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution, Washington" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Catalog of the Termites (Isoptera) of the World." year="1949">Snyder 1949</bibRefCitation>
: 90. : 90.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="76"> <paragraph id="191CBED2933340D2C36D957EB389D63C" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="69101499FC56FA0A4D8C1C792366BB0B" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName>
(Haviland). (Haviland).
<bibRefCitation author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution, Washington" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Catalog of the Termites (Isoptera) of the World." year="1949">Snyder 1949</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="38591AD7A43F09EFA2D234F6E3BC99D5" author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution, Washington" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" title="Catalog of the Termites (Isoptera) of the World." year="1949">Snyder 1949</bibRefCitation>
: 96. : 96.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="material examined"> <subSubSection id="F9FBEE95BD17D6864B0717B913D81FF3" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="76">Material examined.</paragraph> <paragraph id="E4C9506E2D7C13C6D3745F1764E22F32" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="21" pageNumber="76"> <paragraph id="9F60EAED40BC7C4B62B1E9BE159A4F8A" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
Syntypes, all castes:MALAYSIA: Sarawak: Kuching, xi.1894 (G.D. Haviland) (type No. 299, B.M.1899-41, BMNH, collection data from Syntypes, all castes:MALAYSIA: Sarawak: Kuching, xi.1894 (G.D. Haviland) (type No. 299, B.M.1899-41, BMNH, collection data from
<bibRefCitation author="Harris, WV" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="11 - 17" title="Type localities of the Isoptera described by Haviland." url="10.1111/j.1095-8312.1966.tb00947.x" volume="177" year="1966">Harris 1966</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="1D133509234F535727F048188CC240AA" author="Harris, WV" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="11 - 17" title="Type localities of the Isoptera described by Haviland." url="10.1111/j.1095-8312.1966.tb00947.x" volume="177" year="1966">Harris 1966</bibRefCitation>
). Syntype of ). Syntype of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes celebensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celebensis">Schedorhinotermes celebensis</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="D0CD1DA8A075AD2B6AB6813DA73F485A" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes celebensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celebensis">Schedorhinotermes celebensis</taxonomicName>
, alate: Celebes, Hickson (BMNH). Other material: SOLOMON ISLANDS: Guadalcanal, 24.xi.1954 (E.S. Brown), labelled , alate: Celebes, Hickson (BMNH). Other material: SOLOMON ISLANDS: Guadalcanal, 24.xi.1954 (E.S. Brown), labelled
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes marjoriae" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marjoriae">Schedorhinotermes marjoriae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="9AE4ED41D618BAAF40093C7A0EEC1AAF" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes marjoriae" order="Blattodea" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marjoriae">Schedorhinotermes marjoriae</taxonomicName>
(BMNH). PAPUA NEW GUINEA:Madang: Bunapas road, 26.vi.1981 (JMP) (#PNGT104); Nubia, 18.v.1983 (YR) (#PNGT352); Hatzfeldthafen, 20.v.1983 (YR), in bamboo thicket (#PNGT363); Potsdam, 10.xii.1983 (YR) (#PNGT495); Boisa Island, 06.ix.1984 (YR) (#PNGT819); Tabele (Manam Is.), 19.ix.1984 (YR) (#PNGT841); Guam bridge, 12.ii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT872); Bunapas road, 16.ii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT877); Hatzfeldthafen, 22.ii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR), with royal pair, 1 alate in log on the ground (#PNGT893); Bogia-Tangu road km 10, 28.vii.1987 (YR) (#PNGT1125?1124?); Nubia, 17.ii.1988 (YR), with 3 alates (BMNH). PAPUA NEW GUINEA:Madang: Bunapas road, 26.vi.1981 (JMP) (#PNGT104); Nubia, 18.v.1983 (YR) (#PNGT352); Hatzfeldthafen, 20.v.1983 (YR), in bamboo thicket (#PNGT363); Potsdam, 10.xii.1983 (YR) (#PNGT495); Boisa Island, 06.ix.1984 (YR) (#PNGT819); Tabele (Manam Is.), 19.ix.1984 (YR) (#PNGT841); Guam bridge, 12.ii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT872); Bunapas road, 16.ii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT877); Hatzfeldthafen, 22.ii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR), with royal pair, 1 alate in log on the ground (#PNGT893); Bogia-Tangu road km 10, 28.vii.1987 (YR) (#PNGT1125?1124?); Nubia, 17.ii.1988 (YR), with 3 alates
<pageBreakToken pageId="22" pageNumber="77" start="start">(</pageBreakToken> <pageBreakToken id="16E60A8BD3D395732A199C722F237915" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
#PNGT1155); Baitabag, 15.v.1999 (L. #PNGT1155); Baitabag, 15.v.1999 (L.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Čižek">Cizek</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="4A095E76F6478BA43EA1018164FA155B" originalValue="Čižek">Cizek</normalizedToken>
) (#11, J. ) (#11, J.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Šobotník’s">Sobotnik's</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="08395FFF6902AD08737E3151A95C4F58" originalValue="Šobotník’s">Sobotnik's</normalizedToken>
collection); Tabobo, 07.i.1989 (ML), with alates (#PNGT1385); Braham mission, 05.v.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1199); Morobe: Kaiapit, 18-19.ii.1983 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT185, 190); 19 km W Lae, 28.xi.1962 (AE) (AMNH); 40 km S Lae on Bulolo road, 15.xii.1962 (AE) (AMNH); 21 km ENE Lae, 20.xii.1962 (AE) (AMNH); Markham River (21 collection); Tabobo, 07.i.1989 (ML), with alates (#PNGT1385); Braham mission, 05.v.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1199); Morobe: Kaiapit, 18-19.ii.1983 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT185, 190); 19 km W Lae, 28.xi.1962 (AE) (AMNH); 40 km S Lae on Bulolo road, 15.xii.1962 (AE) (AMNH); 21 km ENE Lae, 20.xii.1962 (AE) (AMNH); Markham River (21
<pageBreakToken pageId="23" pageNumber="78" start="start">km</pageBreakToken> <pageBreakToken id="2E538F495A3A4901275058C49BFBE529" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" start="start">km</pageBreakToken>
NW Lae), 08.xii.1962 (AE), with nymphoid queen, in standing tree besides stream (AMNH); Oomsis, 25.v.1987 (YR) (#PNGT1089); Bulolo, 14.ii.1983 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT166, 167); Bulolo, 22.v.1987 (YR) (#PNGT1078); 8 km S Bulolo, alt. 900m, 14.xii.1962 (AE) (AMNH); Manki ridge, 18.v.1988 (YR), in NW Lae), 08.xii.1962 (AE), with nymphoid queen, in standing tree besides stream (AMNH); Oomsis, 25.v.1987 (YR) (#PNGT1089); Bulolo, 14.ii.1983 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT166, 167); Bulolo, 22.v.1987 (YR) (#PNGT1078); 8 km S Bulolo, alt. 900m, 14.xii.1962 (AE) (AMNH); Manki ridge, 18.v.1988 (YR), in
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Castanopsis" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Castanopsis</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="1550DA1A2F4E1684F5E4E35A0135046E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Castanopsis" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Castanopsis</taxonomicName>
forest (#PNGT1227); Mount Susu, 19.v.1988 (YR), in hoop pine log (#PNGT1234); Wau-Edie Creek road, 10.ii.1983 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT157, 158); Mount Missim, 12.ii.1983 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT163); Kaulz Creek, 13.xii.1962 (AE), 2 samples from wood stump in mid-montane forest (AMNH); Eastern Highlands: Aiyura, 03.i.1963 (AE), 2 samples from stumps, one in forest (#PNGT1227); Mount Susu, 19.v.1988 (YR), in hoop pine log (#PNGT1234); Wau-Edie Creek road, 10.ii.1983 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT157, 158); Mount Missim, 12.ii.1983 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT163); Kaulz Creek, 13.xii.1962 (AE), 2 samples from wood stump in mid-montane forest (AMNH); Eastern Highlands: Aiyura, 03.i.1963 (AE), 2 samples from stumps, one in
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Castanopsis acuminata" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acuminata">Castanopsis acuminata</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="164D8A6FBD282FC390D0A638EDE391CF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Castanopsis acuminata" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acuminata">Castanopsis acuminata</taxonomicName>
forest, one in garden (AMNH); Sandaun: Yapsiei, 10.iii.1994 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1731, 1732); Yapsiei, 11.iii.1994 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1743); Yapsiei, 12.iii.1994 (YR &amp; ML), with 1 alate (#PNGT1752); Manus: Lorengau-Yiringo road km 32, 04.vi.1984 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT655); Lorengau-Yiringo road km 32, 06.vi.1984 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT674); East New Britain: Ataliklikun Bay, 30 km W of Keravat, 23.v.1984 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT596); Oro: Kokoda, 13.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT951); Kokoda, 17.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT978, 979); Kokoda, 17.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR), in rubber plantation (#PNGT991, 992); Central: Sirinumu Dam, 09.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT941); Brown River, 21.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT995); Southern Highlands: Bosavi mission, 25.vi.1999 (L. forest, one in garden (AMNH); Sandaun: Yapsiei, 10.iii.1994 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1731, 1732); Yapsiei, 11.iii.1994 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1743); Yapsiei, 12.iii.1994 (YR &amp; ML), with 1 alate (#PNGT1752); Manus: Lorengau-Yiringo road km 32, 04.vi.1984 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT655); Lorengau-Yiringo road km 32, 06.vi.1984 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT674); East New Britain: Ataliklikun Bay, 30 km W of Keravat, 23.v.1984 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT596); Oro: Kokoda, 13.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT951); Kokoda, 17.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT978, 979); Kokoda, 17.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR), in rubber plantation (#PNGT991, 992); Central: Sirinumu Dam, 09.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT941); Brown River, 21.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT995); Southern Highlands: Bosavi mission, 25.vi.1999 (L.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Čižek">Cizek</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="A3E3F19C5D601796D320AA7AC7B8D62E" originalValue="Čižek">Cizek</normalizedToken>
) (#19, J. ) (#19, J.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Šobotník’s">Sobotnik's</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="684320903B6482F03A0BC67A6FA3B2B6" originalValue="Šobotník’s">Sobotnik's</normalizedToken>
collection); Lake Kutubu, 13.x.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1294); Pimaga, 16-17.x.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1303, 1305, 1311); Pimaga, 19.x.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1320); Fly: Morehead, 23.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1417); Wipim, 29.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1474); Tabubil, 19.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1538); Lake Murray, 23.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1568); Nomad, 29.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1615); Nomad, 31.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1629); Nomad, 01.vi.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1638, 1641, 1646); Nomad, 02.vi.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1666). INDONESIA: Papua: Pusppenssat-IrJa, 14.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT25); Road Nabire-Mapia km 48, 15.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT42); Road Nabire-Mapia km 62, 18.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT69, 70); Pusppenssat-IrJa, 19.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT83, 93); Topo, 28.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT191); Sanoba, 29.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT196); Pusppenssat-IrJa, 01.xii.1995 (YR) (#IRJT212). Samples included with doubt:PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Madang: Usino, 22.ii.1983 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT215); Nubia, 18.v.1983 (YR) (#PNGT352); Guam bridge, 12.ii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT868); Hatzfeldthafen, 22.ii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT892); East New Britain: Warengoi, 19.v.1984 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT571). collection); Lake Kutubu, 13.x.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1294); Pimaga, 16-17.x.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1303, 1305, 1311); Pimaga, 19.x.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1320); Fly: Morehead, 23.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1417); Wipim, 29.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1474); Tabubil, 19.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1538); Lake Murray, 23.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1568); Nomad, 29.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1615); Nomad, 31.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1629); Nomad, 01.vi.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1638, 1641, 1646); Nomad, 02.vi.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1666). INDONESIA: Papua: Pusppenssat-IrJa, 14.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT25); Road Nabire-Mapia km 48, 15.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT42); Road Nabire-Mapia km 62, 18.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT69, 70); Pusppenssat-IrJa, 19.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT83, 93); Topo, 28.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT191); Sanoba, 29.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT196); Pusppenssat-IrJa, 01.xii.1995 (YR) (#IRJT212). Samples included with doubt:PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Madang: Usino, 22.ii.1983 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT215); Nubia, 18.v.1983 (YR) (#PNGT352); Guam bridge, 12.ii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT868); Hatzfeldthafen, 22.ii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT892); East New Britain: Warengoi, 19.v.1984 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT571).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" type="new synonymy"> <subSubSection id="D19E9389EFD4666F2B4DA6EE11C0F9F8" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" type="new synonymy">
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="78">New synonymy.</paragraph> <paragraph id="D6045391876A8CC62FB71C94C13CFF83" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">New synonymy.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="78"> <paragraph id="B736DBBF534D848A06E5C55DD53A03F9" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes celebensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celebensis">Schedorhinotermes celebensis</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="0750D6990BAB394DACFF08C43B89D2A8" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes celebensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celebensis">Schedorhinotermes celebensis</taxonomicName>
was described by was described by
<bibRefCitation author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="452 - 465" title="Neu-Guinea-Termiten." volume="5" year="1911 a">Holmgren (1911a)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="D83FB949BE29030F58BC3343CD070A4A" author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="452 - 465" title="Neu-Guinea-Termiten." volume="5" year="1911 a">Holmgren (1911a)</bibRefCitation>
based on the alate caste. The distinction of rhinotermitid species based only on alates is uncertain, as only few characters give relevant taxonomic information. After comparison of the type series of based on the alate caste. The distinction of rhinotermitid species based only on alates is uncertain, as only few characters give relevant taxonomic information. After comparison of the type series of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes celebensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celebensis">Schedorhinotermes celebensis</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="AA1F2CF902C42E2FBA1B58A53E838282" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes celebensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celebensis">Schedorhinotermes celebensis</taxonomicName>
and and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="EB8ADD586DEAA5B49590A9E841494A2D" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName>
it appears that alates of the two species are morphologically identical and could be considered as the same species. Moreover, it appears that alates of the two species are morphologically identical and could be considered as the same species. Moreover,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes celebensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celebensis">Schedorhinotermes celebensis</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="70E01920F4C1FCE8C09F4BB728661B89" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes celebensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celebensis">Schedorhinotermes celebensis</taxonomicName>
was mentioned in New Guinea and was therefore expected to occur in our samples. Thus, even though the soldiers could not be compared, we consider was mentioned in New Guinea and was therefore expected to occur in our samples. Thus, even though the soldiers could not be compared, we consider
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes celebensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celebensis">Schedorhinotermes celebensis</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="877CF1BB38AB5544C4F5FA75A7A5632A" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes celebensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celebensis">Schedorhinotermes celebensis</taxonomicName>
as a junior synonym of as a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="89E8C6F8EEF1DDB8AEE908DC813736C9" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName>
. .
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="79"> <paragraph id="19F76BD6D9AEE83BCC7E86323712D8E6" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes marjoriae" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marjoriae"> <taxonomicName id="65DF515F06E9D2BD61CD990F150DA63A" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes marjoriae" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marjoriae">
<pageBreakToken pageId="24" pageNumber="79" start="start">Schedorhinotermes</pageBreakToken> <pageBreakToken id="1D43649E4AE2406097EB5BBD289F8A00" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" start="start">Schedorhinotermes</pageBreakToken>
marjoriae marjoriae
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
was described by was described by
<bibRefCitation author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="395 - 407" title="New termites from the Solomon Islands and Santa Cruz Archipelago." volume="15" year="1925">Snyder (1925)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="FB2C8CA02A95600C2B3FC721FB625617" author="Snyder, TE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="395 - 407" title="New termites from the Solomon Islands and Santa Cruz Archipelago." volume="15" year="1925">Snyder (1925)</bibRefCitation>
based on specimens collected in the Solomon Islands. He pointed out its resemblance with based on specimens collected in the Solomon Islands. He pointed out its resemblance with
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="09FEF593AB703D5B9E4E7946253E9BEA" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName>
and gave as sole character to distinguish these species the morphology of major soldier mandibles. After examination of samples of and gave as sole character to distinguish these species the morphology of major soldier mandibles. After examination of samples of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes marjoriae" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marjoriae">Schedorhinotermes marjoriae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="065A95EFBD3E58CBF5FA64700B54E33C" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes marjoriae" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marjoriae">Schedorhinotermes marjoriae</taxonomicName>
and and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="85FD9ABB334504554437B3CA60905BBF" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName>
, we found that differences between soldier mandibles of the two alleged species are by far smaller than variation observed among New Guinean specimens. For this reason, we also consider , we found that differences between soldier mandibles of the two alleged species are by far smaller than variation observed among New Guinean specimens. For this reason, we also consider
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes marjoriae" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marjoriae">Schedorhinotermes marjoriae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="C786A7E18196414A862E72A33CF86680" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes marjoriae" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marjoriae">Schedorhinotermes marjoriae</taxonomicName>
as a junior synonym of as a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="503E199AB3981C8E9ADFC347E0AC9426" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName>
. .
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<caption pageId="24" pageNumber="79"> <caption id="BCC8B3E850BFC6205729B263779CF50B" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="79"> <paragraph id="69CD6D2B247AE0F9FC51F40072ECD822" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">
Figures 75-81. Figures 75-81.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="D99B40C91E58C84095FC17154D1555B4" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName>
. Imago: 75 head. Major soldier: 76 head; 78 left mandible; 79 right mandible. Minor soldier: 77 head; 80 left mandible; 81 right mandible. Scale bars: 75, 76, 77: 0.5mm; 78, 79, 80, 81: 0.2mm. . Imago: 75 head. Major soldier: 76 head; 78 left mandible; 79 right mandible. Minor soldier: 77 head; 80 left mandible; 81 right mandible. Scale bars: 75, 76, 77: 0.5mm; 78, 79, 80, 81: 0.2mm.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
<caption pageId="24" pageNumber="79"> <caption id="FBB136E0BF5CC6D30495FCACCDB342F3" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="79"> <paragraph id="BB4A0E1CC9877E1AB92F9F9522096B5A" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">
Figure 82. Known distribution in New Guinea of: ■ Figure 82. Known distribution in New Guinea of: ■
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes seclusus" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seclusus">Schedorhinotermes seclusus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="79D434942698F94067D879B85F3C2CED" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes seclusus" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seclusus">Schedorhinotermes seclusus</taxonomicName>
; ● ; ●
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes malaccensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malaccensis">Schedorhinotermes malaccensis</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="5A5AFCC13AFF29AE356113F0433AD43D" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes malaccensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malaccensis">Schedorhinotermes malaccensis</taxonomicName>
; ✖ ; ✖
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes longirostris" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Schedorhinotermes longirostris</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="82ED3B8A1A01C9E625988D7F49605551" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes longirostris" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Schedorhinotermes longirostris</taxonomicName>
. .
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
<caption pageId="24" pageNumber="79"> <caption id="B8F1BC5D5011E3ABCEF8281B67CB3E57" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="79"> <paragraph id="FD6B38673864768398CC25820A61012D" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">
Figure 83. ◆ Known distribution in New Guinea of Figure 83. ◆ Known distribution in New Guinea of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="0E40BDD312AEFB8608C883B12090F0BB" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName>
; ◇ dubious samples. ; ◇ dubious samples.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="79" type="imago"> <subSubSection id="F161B4294E1BC388E51164A352B88F2C" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" type="imago">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="79">Imago.</paragraph> <paragraph id="EEF3EABBBE786C942FBF2EACB45509E9" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">Imago.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="79"> <paragraph id="9F6A5E24B092EBB840D1B26187D60079" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">
(Fig. 75). Head slightly rounded posteriorly, covered by about 15 setae. Eyes relatively large. Pronotum bearing about 50 setae, principally located on edges. Antennae with 20 articles. Measurements (mm) of 3 imagoes from the type colony of (Fig. 75). Head slightly rounded posteriorly, covered by about 15 setae. Eyes relatively large. Pronotum bearing about 50 setae, principally located on edges. Antennae with 20 articles. Measurements (mm) of 3 imagoes from the type colony of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="F294A1E112C7E829838FE31CE928F32A" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName>
, 1 imago from the type colony of , 1 imago from the type colony of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes celebensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celebensis">Schedorhinotermes celebensis</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="54991AFB26D064BA9C6EEF0E73F8F695" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes celebensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celebensis">Schedorhinotermes celebensis</taxonomicName>
[brackets], and 26 imagoes from 5 colonies (parentheses): TBL: 7.31-8.95 [7.18] (7.02-8.95); HLC: 1.62-1.68 [1.54] (1.36-1.67); HWE: 1.72-1.76 [1.66] (1.63-1.84); PL: 0.88-0.98 [0.80] (0.74-0.89); PW: 1.48-1.55 [1.39] (1.30-1.56); FWL: 10.21-10.70 [n.a.] (9.60-11.40); ED: 0.51-0.54 [0.41] (0.31-0.48). [brackets], and 26 imagoes from 5 colonies (parentheses): TBL: 7.31-8.95 [7.18] (7.02-8.95); HLC: 1.62-1.68 [1.54] (1.36-1.67); HWE: 1.72-1.76 [1.66] (1.63-1.84); PL: 0.88-0.98 [0.80] (0.74-0.89); PW: 1.48-1.55 [1.39] (1.30-1.56); FWL: 10.21-10.70 [n.a.] (9.60-11.40); ED: 0.51-0.54 [0.41] (0.31-0.48).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="79" type="major soldier"> <subSubSection id="55F778BF71B6F4A9FC56C3E63AA488EE" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" type="major soldier">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="79">Major soldier.</paragraph> <paragraph id="7B611898DF05F8BA266D4D0EA2E9A632" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">Major soldier.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="79"> <paragraph id="1AA641F14C2BA1AB2D4AF87AFD3A781F" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">
(Figs 76, 78-79). Soldiers of medium size. Head slightly longer than wide, covered by about 30 setae. Labrum not reaching the tip of mandibles. Antennae with 16 articles. Pronotum large, covered by about 15 setae. Mesonotum and metanotum covered by about 10 setae on the posterior margin. Abdomen with 15 to 20 setae per segment. Left mandible with the first subsidiary tooth slightly longer than the second. Right mandible with well developed outgrowth on interior side of base. Measurements (mm) of 3 major soldiers from the type colony of (Figs 76, 78-79). Soldiers of medium size. Head slightly longer than wide, covered by about 30 setae. Labrum not reaching the tip of mandibles. Antennae with 16 articles. Pronotum large, covered by about 15 setae. Mesonotum and metanotum covered by about 10 setae on the posterior margin. Abdomen with 15 to 20 setae per segment. Left mandible with the first subsidiary tooth slightly longer than the second. Right mandible with well developed outgrowth on interior side of base. Measurements (mm) of 3 major soldiers from the type colony of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="697D672BF111B4FE2CA04F0CEBD33F0B" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName>
, 6 major soldiers from one determined sample of , 6 major soldiers from one determined sample of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes marjoriae" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marjoriae">Schedorhinotermes marjoriae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="234AD8B45AE3510EC460AD8EEE7C5081" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes marjoriae" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marjoriae">Schedorhinotermes marjoriae</taxonomicName>
[brackets], and 87 major soldiers from 29 colonies (parentheses): HLC: 1.91-1.97 [1.95-2.06] (1.45-2.10); HLL: 2.38-2.42 [2.40-2.58] (1.82-2.62); HW: 1.67-1.79 [1.75-1.89] (1.32-1.84); PW: 1.02-1.08 [1.04-1.12] (0.74-1.17); RML: 1.11-1.14 [1.12-1.19] (0.88-1.23); MPW: 0.27-0.30 [0.29-0.34] (0.20-0.34); T3L: 1.54-1.57 [1.42-1.53] (1.15-1.63). [brackets], and 87 major soldiers from 29 colonies (parentheses): HLC: 1.91-1.97 [1.95-2.06] (1.45-2.10); HLL: 2.38-2.42 [2.40-2.58] (1.82-2.62); HW: 1.67-1.79 [1.75-1.89] (1.32-1.84); PW: 1.02-1.08 [1.04-1.12] (0.74-1.17); RML: 1.11-1.14 [1.12-1.19] (0.88-1.23); MPW: 0.27-0.30 [0.29-0.34] (0.20-0.34); T3L: 1.54-1.57 [1.42-1.53] (1.15-1.63).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="79" type="minor soldier"> <subSubSection id="6ADC971EEE102D83DA4C6B38A80248C0" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" type="minor soldier">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="79">Minor soldier.</paragraph> <paragraph id="CD15315F247A151326FCFAD8B265CC07" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">Minor soldier.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="79"> <paragraph id="898DDC13FCE19596535AD37E16B474B2" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">
(Figs 77, 80-81). Head elongated, rounded posteriorly, covered by about 10 setae. Labrum 2.5 times longer than wide, reaching the tip of mandibles. Fronto-clypeus elongated. Antennae with 15 articles. Pronotum with about 10 setae on the edges. Mesonotum and metanotum with about 10 setae on the posterior edge. Abdomen with about 8 to 10 setae per segment. Mandibles slender. Measurements (mm) of 5 minor soldiers from the type colony of (Figs 77, 80-81). Head elongated, rounded posteriorly, covered by about 10 setae. Labrum 2.5 times longer than wide, reaching the tip of mandibles. Fronto-clypeus elongated. Antennae with 15 articles. Pronotum with about 10 setae on the edges. Mesonotum and metanotum with about 10 setae on the posterior edge. Abdomen with about 8 to 10 setae per segment. Mandibles slender. Measurements (mm) of 5 minor soldiers from the type colony of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="862A2EDF50782378AB942DCABDA6CB32" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName>
, 6 minor soldiers of one determined sample of , 6 minor soldiers of one determined sample of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes marjoriae" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marjoriae">Schedorhinotermes marjoriae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="92A434DD03B52D6FAC7BE2C26DDF64D7" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes marjoriae" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marjoriae">Schedorhinotermes marjoriae</taxonomicName>
[brackets] and 10 minor soldiers from 10 colonies (parentheses): HLC: 0.99-1.19 [0.98-1.20] (0.90-1.11); HLL: 1.44-1.72 [1.49-1.67] (1.34-1.68); HW: 0.78-0.93 [0.78-0.87] (0.71-0.90); PL: 0.40-0.48 [0.35-0.46] (0.28-0.43); PW: 0.59-0.69 [0.52-0.63] (0.45-0.65); RML: 0.65-0.78 [0.60-0.72] (0.55-0.77); MPW: 0.30-0.35 [0.28-0.32] (0.24-0.34); T3L: 1.04-1.24 [0.89-1.02] (0.87-1.04). [brackets] and 10 minor soldiers from 10 colonies (parentheses): HLC: 0.99-1.19 [0.98-1.20] (0.90-1.11); HLL: 1.44-1.72 [1.49-1.67] (1.34-1.68); HW: 0.78-0.93 [0.78-0.87] (0.71-0.90); PL: 0.40-0.48 [0.35-0.46] (0.28-0.43); PW: 0.59-0.69 [0.52-0.63] (0.45-0.65); RML: 0.65-0.78 [0.60-0.72] (0.55-0.77); MPW: 0.30-0.35 [0.28-0.32] (0.24-0.34); T3L: 1.04-1.24 [0.89-1.02] (0.87-1.04).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="79" type="comparisons"> <subSubSection id="E109BD2A4756DD95F05FF9482CEE8669" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" type="comparisons">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="79">Comparisons.</paragraph> <paragraph id="D82818795E9384C94055AF1A17FEE79A" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">Comparisons.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="79"> <paragraph id="A4FBB0C39F8CED6FCEFB0A680935744F" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">
This species is related to This species is related to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes longirostris" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Schedorhinotermes longirostris</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="2FFC280AA2E6127CE1AB41059ED628B2" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes longirostris" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longirostris">Schedorhinotermes longirostris</taxonomicName>
, from which it can be distinguished by its more hairy pronotum, mesonotum, metanotum and abdomen of major soldiers. , from which it can be distinguished by its more hairy pronotum, mesonotum, metanotum and abdomen of major soldiers.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="79" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="5B76EB2CD79CF7D96D1D822479056525" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="79">Distribution.</paragraph> <paragraph id="AFC765D0F007A11A6A8AEFABC34956FC" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="79"> <paragraph id="DA8F4463DD17638AEA34D41C5EC3531B" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">
(Fig. 83). (Fig. 83).
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="A5E171264CC310872870621042153F57" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes translucens" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="translucens">Schedorhinotermes translucens</taxonomicName>
is widespread throughout New Guinea, both in savannas and forests. The following additional records are from the literature (samples not examined): is widespread throughout New Guinea, both in savannas and forests. The following additional records are from the literature (samples not examined):
<bibRefCitation author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="452 - 465" title="Neu-Guinea-Termiten." volume="5" year="1911 a">Holmgren (1911a)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="4C5BB95BE0ABB5382A178A49E3FC67B4" author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="452 - 465" title="Neu-Guinea-Termiten." volume="5" year="1911 a">Holmgren (1911a)</bibRefCitation>
: Sattelberg, Kola; as : Sattelberg, Kola; as
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes celebensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celebensis">Schedorhinotermes celebensis</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="4F3C477991ECEC92A577B553C5A65C7A" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Schedorhinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedorhinotermes celebensis" order="Blattodea" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celebensis">Schedorhinotermes celebensis</taxonomicName>
: Aitape (as Eitape (Berlinerhafen)); : Aitape (as Eitape (Berlinerhafen));
<bibRefCitation author="Roonwal, ML" journalOrPublisher="Treubia" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="63 - 140" title="Termites from Indonesia including West Irian." volume="27" year="1966">Roonwal and Maiti (1966)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="33625F7AF72D00B33CAF6DBD71AFB615" author="Roonwal, ML" journalOrPublisher="Treubia" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="63 - 140" title="Termites from Indonesia including West Irian." volume="27" year="1966">Roonwal and Maiti (1966)</bibRefCitation>
: Meervlakte. : Meervlakte.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="79" type="termitophiles"> <subSubSection id="CA4D0A4161DC58904E8147E584DEDBD3" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" type="termitophiles">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="79">Termitophiles.</paragraph> <paragraph id="EC039D0D07A1EEFCE29E945995912A69" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">Termitophiles.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="79"> <paragraph id="C6F74A01AD03CFF8765EA9C70EDD175D" pageId="24" pageNumber="79">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Myrmedonota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myrmedonota termitophila" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="termitophila">Myrmedonota termitophila</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="2ADE26C58645D964AEEFD38954612E34" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Myrmedonota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myrmedonota termitophila" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="termitophila">Myrmedonota termitophila</taxonomicName>
( (
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Coleoptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coleoptera" order="Malvales" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Coleoptera</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="7375563843703BF935F931BEC3CE047E" genus="Coleoptera" lsidName="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" rank="genus">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
, ,
<taxonomicName family="Staphylinidae" lsidName="" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" rank="family">Staphylinidae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="F84242337C9B79A145B817FC692781B1" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Staphylinidae</taxonomicName>
, ,
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aleocharinae">Aleocharinae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="26431263F35BDE17A982B7937AAD17DC" lsidName="" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aleocharinae">Aleocharinae</taxonomicName>
, ,
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" rank="tribe" tribe="Lomechusini">Lomechusini</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="A894CD3C5E72AEEA37CB2262F187CA29" lsidName="" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" rank="tribe" tribe="Lomechusini">Lomechusini</taxonomicName>
) was discovered in colony #PNGT163 ( ) was discovered in colony #PNGT163 (
<bibRefCitation author="Bourguignon, T" journalOrPublisher="Sociobiology" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="395 - 407" title="A new genus and three new species of termitophilous staphylinids (Coleoptera: Staplylinidae) associated with Schedorhinotermes (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) in New Guinea." volume="48" year="2006">Bourguignon and Roisin 2006</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="4508CFF4B4AE8FC40A96F348D4171E39" author="Bourguignon, T" journalOrPublisher="Sociobiology" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="395 - 407" title="A new genus and three new species of termitophilous staphylinids (Coleoptera: Staplylinidae) associated with Schedorhinotermes (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) in New Guinea." volume="48" year="2006">Bourguignon and Roisin 2006</bibRefCitation>
). The following ). The following
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" rank="tribe" tribe="Trichopseniini">Trichopseniini</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="51B98A9B2BF4D812FB5D292007085550" lsidName="" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" rank="tribe" tribe="Trichopseniini">Trichopseniini</taxonomicName>
(also (also
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aleocharinae">Aleocharinae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="E884AD496190D6F9276B0156BA0D8A52" lsidName="" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aleocharinae">Aleocharinae</taxonomicName>
), were reported as guests of this species ( ), were reported as guests of this species (
<bibRefCitation author="Bourguignon, T" journalOrPublisher="Insect Systematics and Evolution" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="405 - 425" title="Taxonomy, distribution and host specificity of the termitophile tribe Trichopseniini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) in New Guinea and adjacent islands." url="10.1163/187631207794760967" volume="38" year="2007">Bourguignon et al. 2007</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="3D83335560A942A181AFDF10C559919D" author="Bourguignon, T" journalOrPublisher="Insect Systematics and Evolution" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="405 - 425" title="Taxonomy, distribution and host specificity of the termitophile tribe Trichopseniini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) in New Guinea and adjacent islands." url="10.1163/187631207794760967" volume="38" year="2007">Bourguignon et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
): ):
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedolimulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedolimulus elongatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">Schedolimulus elongatus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="BD73F9AC7BF24FD3B6F98BE68CC4B7AF" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedolimulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedolimulus elongatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">Schedolimulus elongatus</taxonomicName>
, ,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedolimulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedolimulus latus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latus">Schedolimulus latus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="D915CD342F882EEEE9B95F373DA5BBA4" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedolimulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedolimulus latus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latus">Schedolimulus latus</taxonomicName>
, ,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedolimulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedolimulus planus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Schedolimulus planus</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="A27D1E478011EB2A0A2419087C6AA286" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schedolimulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schedolimulus planus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">Schedolimulus planus</taxonomicName>
, and , and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schizelythron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schizelythron papuanum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papuanum">Schizelythron papuanum</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="A155C6428BFDE938CFD77D80D6D44073" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Schizelythron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schizelythron papuanum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papuanum">Schizelythron papuanum</taxonomicName>
. .
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>

294
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph> <paragraph id="DEE11EB2BCF21765F713F59150B842AA" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="F74EEB1574F80555BB36888E554D5ECD" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
According to According to
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="2FBBEC32CDD5EF2E14B789E29BA1D2C2" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
, this species complex comprised four species ( , this species complex comprised four species (
<taxonomicName genus="B." lsidName="B. oblongus" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="oblongus"> <taxonomicName id="ED4AD76C96FE13100062EEFD3F34C977" lsidName="B. oblongus" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="oblongus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. oblongus</emphasis> <emphasis id="2F05716810C9F6E0E5B9CFF41F354E61" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. oblongus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
, ,
<taxonomicName genus="B." lsidName="B. baturae" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="baturae"> <taxonomicName id="10344D7E9D2F9C928B38A6FA0839D210" lsidName="B. baturae" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="baturae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. baturae</emphasis> <emphasis id="37D555C7B9FD6316A5C70AF871AD32B7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. baturae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
/ /
<taxonomicName lsidName="pseudoraddei" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="pseudoraddei"> <taxonomicName id="A1B31BF4E0A771946A4458C213AFAEA6" lsidName="pseudoraddei" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="pseudoraddei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">pseudoraddei</emphasis> <emphasis id="4B328884A18AD84B7F275946A8DD5DF7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">pseudoraddei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
, ,
<taxonomicName genus="B." lsidName="B. turanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="turanensis"> <taxonomicName id="0AA8D1D56A1C4C9DF970CD981A87BA73" lsidName="B. turanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="turanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. turanensis</emphasis> <emphasis id="5BDBA91C5D612600CD7766D7581D51E8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. turanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
, ,
<taxonomicName genus="B." lsidName="B. zugmayeri" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="zugmayeri"> <taxonomicName id="C7826D7ECE3E28DE8B481675444E9538" lsidName="B. zugmayeri" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="zugmayeri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. zugmayeri</emphasis> <emphasis id="A1F8D79990520ACC0140DEA540B7099E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. zugmayeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
) that are recorded throughout Afghanistan, except the central Hindu Kush range ( ) that are recorded throughout Afghanistan, except the central Hindu Kush range (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: data of Buchroithner, 1981; Wagner et al. 2016; Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Bufotes viridis complex (including species B. oblongus, B. baturae / pseudoraddei, B. turanensis and B. zugmayeri presented by Wagner et al. 2016): 1 - Dehdadi, Balkh; 2 - Nahr Shahi, Balkh; 3 - Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 4 - Arga Queshlaq, Badakhshan; 5 - Broghil Pass, Badakhshan; 6 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 7 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis: Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Testudo horsfieldii: 1 - Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; 2 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 3 - Waza Kwah, Paktika. Phrynocephalus mystaceus: Shor Tepah, Balkh. Trapelus agilis: 1 - Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 2 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 5 - Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan. Trapelus megalonyx: 1 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 2 - Gardez, Gardez Base, Paktia." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339109" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="9D9003FE0A0024B386FCFBD7FCB97499" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: data of Buchroithner, 1981; Wagner et al. 2016; Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Bufotes viridis complex (including species B. oblongus, B. baturae / pseudoraddei, B. turanensis and B. zugmayeri presented by Wagner et al. 2016): 1 - Dehdadi, Balkh; 2 - Nahr Shahi, Balkh; 3 - Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 4 - Arga Queshlaq, Badakhshan; 5 - Broghil Pass, Badakhshan; 6 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 7 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis: Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Testudo horsfieldii: 1 - Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; 2 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 3 - Waza Kwah, Paktika. Phrynocephalus mystaceus: Shor Tepah, Balkh. Trapelus agilis: 1 - Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 2 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 5 - Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan. Trapelus megalonyx: 1 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 2 - Gardez, Gardez Base, Paktia." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339109" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). We here followed comments presented in ). We here followed comments presented in
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.843.29420" author="Jablonski, D" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="129 - 147" refId="B8" refString="Jablonski, D, Urosevic, A, Andjelkovic, M, Dzukic, GD, 2019. An unknown collection of lizards from Afghanistan. ZooKeys 843: 129 - 147" title="An unknown collection of lizards from Afghanistan." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.843.29420" volume="843" year="2019">Jablonski et al. (2019)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="8AF640B19D933646BB2DF032228B74E0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.843.29420" author="Jablonski, D" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="129 - 147" refId="B8" refString="Jablonski, D, Urosevic, A, Andjelkovic, M, Dzukic, GD, 2019. An unknown collection of lizards from Afghanistan. ZooKeys 843: 129 - 147" title="An unknown collection of lizards from Afghanistan." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.843.29420" volume="843" year="2019">Jablonski et al. (2019)</bibRefCitation>
, noting that comprehensive phylogeographic views on the genus are needed to resolve species distribution and phylogenetic composition in Afghanistan. This iconic toad complex is currently known from provinces Badakhshan, Badghis, Baglan, Balkh, Bamyan, Farah, Faryab, Ghazni, Helmand, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Kunduz, Logar, Nangarhar, Paktia, Samangan, Takhar, Wardak and Zabul ( , noting that comprehensive phylogeographic views on the genus are needed to resolve species distribution and phylogenetic composition in Afghanistan. This iconic toad complex is currently known from provinces Badakhshan, Badghis, Baglan, Balkh, Bamyan, Farah, Faryab, Ghazni, Helmand, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Kunduz, Logar, Nangarhar, Paktia, Samangan, Takhar, Wardak and Zabul (
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="4ADFCA3BB660F43BBFA13C96E1204E6A" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
; ;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.843.29420" author="Jablonski, D" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="129 - 147" refId="B8" refString="Jablonski, D, Urosevic, A, Andjelkovic, M, Dzukic, GD, 2019. An unknown collection of lizards from Afghanistan. ZooKeys 843: 129 - 147" title="An unknown collection of lizards from Afghanistan." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.843.29420" volume="843" year="2019">Jablonski et al. 2019</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="534265CA2A31792003AAB70410CCE90B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.843.29420" author="Jablonski, D" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="129 - 147" refId="B8" refString="Jablonski, D, Urosevic, A, Andjelkovic, M, Dzukic, GD, 2019. An unknown collection of lizards from Afghanistan. ZooKeys 843: 129 - 147" title="An unknown collection of lizards from Afghanistan." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.843.29420" volume="843" year="2019">Jablonski et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
and see therein for additional information). and see therein for additional information).
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="0A592406390CC75B08654144F8D60C08" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
did not assign (due to missing museum material) the record presented by did not assign (due to missing museum material) the record presented by
<bibRefCitation author="Buchroithner, MF" journalOrPublisher="Verhandlungen der Geologischen Bundesanstalt" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="19 - 29" refId="B2" refString="Buchroithner, MF, 1981. Geological setting and chemical geothermometry of some hot springs in the Wakhan (NE Afghanistan). Verhandlungen der Geologischen Bundesanstalt 2: 19 - 29" title="Geological setting and chemical geothermometry of some hot springs in the Wakhan (NE Afghanistan)." volume="2" year="1981">Buchroithner (1981)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="7B4EA8F6DF0D4D296D41BFF5FC2AC16A" author="Buchroithner, MF" journalOrPublisher="Verhandlungen der Geologischen Bundesanstalt" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="19 - 29" refId="B2" refString="Buchroithner, MF, 1981. Geological setting and chemical geothermometry of some hot springs in the Wakhan (NE Afghanistan). Verhandlungen der Geologischen Bundesanstalt 2: 19 - 29" title="Geological setting and chemical geothermometry of some hot springs in the Wakhan (NE Afghanistan)." volume="2" year="1981">Buchroithner (1981)</bibRefCitation>
that reported these toads from Tila Bay Valley (~37.28N, 73.33E, 4160 m a.s.l.), Wakhan, Badakhshan. This author mentioned an occurrence of that reported these toads from Tila Bay Valley (~37.28N, 73.33E, 4160 m a.s.l.), Wakhan, Badakhshan. This author mentioned an occurrence of
<taxonomicName genus="B." lsidName="B. latastii" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="latastii"> <taxonomicName id="AF6A465C9B7B39BA285DD6D3C5ECC7A5" lsidName="B. latastii" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="latastii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. latastii</emphasis> <emphasis id="3AE70CBF6306CDD321D63C9664397D8E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. latastii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
in Badakhshan, but this species is endemic to western Himalaya and is not known from the Hindu Kush range ( in Badakhshan, but this species is endemic to western Himalaya and is not known from the Hindu Kush range (
<bibRefCitation author="Litvinchuk, SN" journalOrPublisher="Alytes" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="314 - 327" refId="B12" refString="Litvinchuk, SN, Skorinov, SV, Mazepa, GO, Borkin, LJ, 2018b. Distribution of Bufoteslatastii (Boulenger, 1882), endemic to the Western Himalaya. Alytes 36: 314 - 327" title="Distribution of Bufoteslatastii (Boulenger, 1882), endemic to the Western Himalaya." volume="36" year="2018 b">Litvinchuk et al. 2018b</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="241732CFE590387B1A68259D9007AAC3" author="Litvinchuk, SN" journalOrPublisher="Alytes" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="314 - 327" refId="B12" refString="Litvinchuk, SN, Skorinov, SV, Mazepa, GO, Borkin, LJ, 2018b. Distribution of Bufoteslatastii (Boulenger, 1882), endemic to the Western Himalaya. Alytes 36: 314 - 327" title="Distribution of Bufoteslatastii (Boulenger, 1882), endemic to the Western Himalaya." volume="36" year="2018 b">Litvinchuk et al. 2018b</bibRefCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339109" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" start="Figure 2" startId="F2"> <caption id="51ABE9EA3E10AB2C64C98494E2629820" doi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339109" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="D516CD75257D0831366E2D62AEFFDBA3" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Figure 2.</emphasis> <emphasis id="F73310AEB936A349CA6DE3422C3C4DE6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Figure 2.</emphasis>
Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: data of Buchroithner, 1981; Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: data of Buchroithner, 1981;
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="C6AEE5C0DCA5B0958F98ACF5AE0BD1F5" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
; ;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.843.29420" author="Jablonski, D" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="129 - 147" refId="B8" refString="Jablonski, D, Urosevic, A, Andjelkovic, M, Dzukic, GD, 2019. An unknown collection of lizards from Afghanistan. ZooKeys 843: 129 - 147" title="An unknown collection of lizards from Afghanistan." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.843.29420" volume="843" year="2019">Jablonski et al. 2019</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="CF281D9659050C70D6BA7C17E00AB53C" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.843.29420" author="Jablonski, D" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="129 - 147" refId="B8" refString="Jablonski, D, Urosevic, A, Andjelkovic, M, Dzukic, GD, 2019. An unknown collection of lizards from Afghanistan. ZooKeys 843: 129 - 147" title="An unknown collection of lizards from Afghanistan." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.843.29420" volume="843" year="2019">Jablonski et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
; red dots: data of this study). ; red dots: data of this study).
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Bufotes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bufotes viridis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridis"> <taxonomicName id="0533C8BBAE6C90E84414FE3B160E191A" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Bufotes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bufotes viridis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Bufotes viridis</emphasis> <emphasis id="FA532871080A425EF891BE4179AFB314" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Bufotes viridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
complex (including species complex (including species
<taxonomicName genus="B." lsidName="B. oblongus" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="oblongus"> <taxonomicName id="9A5153CD164B8927B39EF31CECB76E56" lsidName="B. oblongus" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="oblongus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. oblongus</emphasis> <emphasis id="3824286207F29327EC9E279BC5B48E85" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. oblongus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
, ,
<taxonomicName genus="B." lsidName="B. baturae" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="baturae"> <taxonomicName id="12B273421CC44F428734233B5CC584C9" lsidName="B. baturae" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="baturae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. baturae</emphasis> <emphasis id="AD901B635C37C72442CAAF7217E1D954" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. baturae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
/ /
<taxonomicName lsidName="pseudoraddei" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="pseudoraddei"> <taxonomicName id="E78AC717FB74A2B80E5F97CABD7788F0" lsidName="pseudoraddei" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="pseudoraddei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">pseudoraddei</emphasis> <emphasis id="8195E3258A7045F85026355B73E6299F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">pseudoraddei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
, ,
<taxonomicName genus="B." lsidName="B. turanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="turanensis"> <taxonomicName id="5CACFD0A5F55AEB35E804D71354DDB5A" lsidName="B. turanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="turanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. turanensis</emphasis> <emphasis id="E4B9D16CEF97FBD96A541AC10E9E957F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. turanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
and and
<taxonomicName genus="B." lsidName="B. zugmayeri" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="zugmayeri"> <taxonomicName id="22ABE6C553B8724FDAF10D168A149FDD" lsidName="B. zugmayeri" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="zugmayeri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. zugmayeri</emphasis> <emphasis id="D0E770966824C4C35F941CA0D5106660" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. zugmayeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
presented by presented by
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="002B402D5BA2B04C332C836376E1AF79" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
): 1 - Dehdadi, Balkh; 2 - Nahr Shahi, Balkh; 3 - Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 4 - Arga Queshlaq, Badakhshan; 5 - Broghil Pass, Badakhshan; 6 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 7 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. ): 1 - Dehdadi, Balkh; 2 - Nahr Shahi, Balkh; 3 - Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 4 - Arga Queshlaq, Badakhshan; 5 - Broghil Pass, Badakhshan; 6 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 7 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar.
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cyanophlyctis"> <taxonomicName id="BF5DCA8546E01EE41CE0A31F86EE4245" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cyanophlyctis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis</emphasis> <emphasis id="E9B87BFCF6818F16916460B742473E74" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
: Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. : Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar.
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Testudo horsfieldii" order="Testudines" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="horsfieldii"> <taxonomicName id="FE2C56F9780CC4800DCAEDE1590D7FDD" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Testudo horsfieldii" order="Cryptodira" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="horsfieldii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Testudo horsfieldii</emphasis> <emphasis id="AE2DCCEDDBA5ED2075206A8C749B05F6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Testudo horsfieldii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
: 1 - Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; 2 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 3 - Waza Kwah, Paktika. : 1 - Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; 2 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 3 - Waza Kwah, Paktika.
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Phrynocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phrynocephalus mystaceus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mystaceus"> <taxonomicName id="B82D63E81499F757CF2C0A3B270EF2D5" class="Squamata" family="Agamidae" genus="Phrynocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phrynocephalus mystaceus" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mystaceus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Phrynocephalus mystaceus</emphasis> <emphasis id="4383EE0A9023DBBC76546A5A78056F53" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Phrynocephalus mystaceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
: Shor Tepah, Balkh. : Shor Tepah, Balkh.
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Trapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trapelus agilis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agilis"> <taxonomicName id="FF6A078A44F66B20D85D4DB7AF2A61B1" class="Squamata" family="Agamidae" genus="Trapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trapelus agilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Trapelus agilis</emphasis> <emphasis id="023D40A312FD2FE5E4A1AE39B258712A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Trapelus agilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
: 1- Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 2 - : 1- Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 2 -
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lashkargāh">Lashkargah</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="6479955E9C7D2F0E135EF27D51D23D36" originalValue="Lashkargāh">Lashkargah</normalizedToken>
, Helmand; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 5 - Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan. , Helmand; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 5 - Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan.
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Trapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trapelus megalonyx" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megalonyx"> <taxonomicName id="B52134E9CCD5DCB37099A8C36B3BC503" class="Squamata" family="Agamidae" genus="Trapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trapelus megalonyx" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megalonyx">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Trapelus megalonyx</emphasis> <emphasis id="B2D4B480533283B6DEA10C50BBDD0456" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Trapelus megalonyx</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
: 1 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 2 - Gardez, Gardez Base, Paktia. : 1 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 2 - Gardez, Gardez Base, Paktia.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records"> <subSubSection id="359B828832B716D94E73659B57EB5983" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph> <paragraph id="84F168BAB368CEC0F2CFFFBD429DDD37" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="1BB704ECDC0F8B3275E025BE5943F47F" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
( (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: data of Buchroithner, 1981; Wagner et al. 2016; Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Bufotes viridis complex (including species B. oblongus, B. baturae / pseudoraddei, B. turanensis and B. zugmayeri presented by Wagner et al. 2016): 1 - Dehdadi, Balkh; 2 - Nahr Shahi, Balkh; 3 - Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 4 - Arga Queshlaq, Badakhshan; 5 - Broghil Pass, Badakhshan; 6 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 7 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis: Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Testudo horsfieldii: 1 - Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; 2 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 3 - Waza Kwah, Paktika. Phrynocephalus mystaceus: Shor Tepah, Balkh. Trapelus agilis: 1 - Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 2 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 5 - Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan. Trapelus megalonyx: 1 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 2 - Gardez, Gardez Base, Paktia." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339109" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="3327672504296B35F63F51994DC45E68" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: data of Buchroithner, 1981; Wagner et al. 2016; Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Bufotes viridis complex (including species B. oblongus, B. baturae / pseudoraddei, B. turanensis and B. zugmayeri presented by Wagner et al. 2016): 1 - Dehdadi, Balkh; 2 - Nahr Shahi, Balkh; 3 - Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 4 - Arga Queshlaq, Badakhshan; 5 - Broghil Pass, Badakhshan; 6 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 7 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis: Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Testudo horsfieldii: 1 - Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; 2 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 3 - Waza Kwah, Paktika. Phrynocephalus mystaceus: Shor Tepah, Balkh. Trapelus agilis: 1 - Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 2 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 5 - Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan. Trapelus megalonyx: 1 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 2 - Gardez, Gardez Base, Paktia." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339109" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). 1 - Dehdadi, Balkh (25 September 2011), one adult individual in semi-desert area; 2 - Nahr Shahi, Balkh (25 September 2011), one adult individual in village area; 3 - Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh (11 September 2015), one adult female in house garden area ( ). 1 - Dehdadi, Balkh (25 September 2011), one adult individual in semi-desert area; 2 - Nahr Shahi, Balkh (25 September 2011), one adult individual in village area; 3 - Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh (11 September 2015), one adult female in house garden area (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Observed individuals of Bufotes viridis complex (Bufonidae) from Afghanistan: A, B, C - Different post-metamorphic stages of the species complex from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; D - adult individual from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - adult female from Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh (photo by Nasser Halaweh); F - adult female from Arga Queshlaq (photo by Glyn Morris)." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339110" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure3">Fig. 3E</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="F6FA7F4E5EBB9AD6C0A4080EEBE3EC7D" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Observed individuals of Bufotes viridis complex (Bufonidae) from Afghanistan: A, B, C - Different post-metamorphic stages of the species complex from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; D - adult individual from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - adult female from Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh (photo by Nasser Halaweh); F - adult female from Arga Queshlaq (photo by Glyn Morris)." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339110" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure3">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
); 4 - Arga Queshlaq, Badakhshan (22 July 2012), one adult female under the rock near an artificial canal ( ); 4 - Arga Queshlaq, Badakhshan (22 July 2012), one adult female under the rock near an artificial canal (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Observed individuals of Bufotes viridis complex (Bufonidae) from Afghanistan: A, B, C - Different post-metamorphic stages of the species complex from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; D - adult individual from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - adult female from Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh (photo by Nasser Halaweh); F - adult female from Arga Queshlaq (photo by Glyn Morris)." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339110" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure3">Fig. 3F</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="BA11505F4D5926807D309AB647F7FA1D" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Observed individuals of Bufotes viridis complex (Bufonidae) from Afghanistan: A, B, C - Different post-metamorphic stages of the species complex from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; D - adult individual from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - adult female from Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh (photo by Nasser Halaweh); F - adult female from Arga Queshlaq (photo by Glyn Morris)." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339110" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure3">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
); 5 - Broghil Pass, Wakhan, Badakhshan (4 September 2007); six adults in a hot water spring in rocky area; 6 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul (15 July 2011), several hundreds of tadpoles and juveniles in artificial ponds, dozens of adults in its vicinity ( ); 5 - Broghil Pass, Wakhan, Badakhshan (4 September 2007); six adults in a hot water spring in rocky area; 6 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul (15 July 2011), several hundreds of tadpoles and juveniles in artificial ponds, dozens of adults in its vicinity (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Observed individuals of Bufotes viridis complex (Bufonidae) from Afghanistan: A, B, C - Different post-metamorphic stages of the species complex from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; D - adult individual from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - adult female from Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh (photo by Nasser Halaweh); F - adult female from Arga Queshlaq (photo by Glyn Morris)." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339110" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure3">Fig. 3D</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="D4DF7F75D8AE9E2086BB009A12E5DD46" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Observed individuals of Bufotes viridis complex (Bufonidae) from Afghanistan: A, B, C - Different post-metamorphic stages of the species complex from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; D - adult individual from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - adult female from Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh (photo by Nasser Halaweh); F - adult female from Arga Queshlaq (photo by Glyn Morris)." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339110" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure3">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
); 7 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar (17 May 2009), several dozens of juveniles, subadult and adult individuals ( ); 7 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar (17 May 2009), several dozens of juveniles, subadult and adult individuals (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Observed individuals of Bufotes viridis complex (Bufonidae) from Afghanistan: A, B, C - Different post-metamorphic stages of the species complex from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; D - adult individual from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - adult female from Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh (photo by Nasser Halaweh); F - adult female from Arga Queshlaq (photo by Glyn Morris)." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339110" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure3"> <figureCitation id="8AFAD3851767BB51DE0EBBF33FFD24C9" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Observed individuals of Bufotes viridis complex (Bufonidae) from Afghanistan: A, B, C - Different post-metamorphic stages of the species complex from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; D - adult individual from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - adult female from Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh (photo by Nasser Halaweh); F - adult female from Arga Queshlaq (photo by Glyn Morris)." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339110" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure3">
Fig. 3 Fig. 3
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="7DAFFBCC569A4A88463DB138EA15F034" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
</figureCitation> </figureCitation>
) in the vicinity of an artificial pond near the runway in semi-desert area ( ) in the vicinity of an artificial pond near the runway in semi-desert area (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. View on selected localities from Afghanistan that were visited: A - habitat of Bufotes viridis complex and Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - stony, semi-desert habitat of Eremias aff. nigrocellata from Kaldar, Balkh; C - semi-desert habitat of Trapelus agilis from Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan; D - vicinity of small village Waza Kwah, Paktika as habitat of Testudo horsfieldii; E - desert habitat of Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; F - burrows in semi-desert habitat that were used by Eremias persica as a shelter, Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339117" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10">Fig. 10A</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="144B6062CBB5391014B9566DA12B4DA3" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. View on selected localities from Afghanistan that were visited: A - habitat of Bufotes viridis complex and Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - stony, semi-desert habitat of Eremias aff. nigrocellata from Kaldar, Balkh; C - semi-desert habitat of Trapelus agilis from Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan; D - vicinity of small village Waza Kwah, Paktika as habitat of Testudo horsfieldii; E - desert habitat of Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; F - burrows in semi-desert habitat that were used by Eremias persica as a shelter, Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339117" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339110" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" start="Figure 3" startId="F3"> <caption id="3341B79C7C2435A84A1395E32EB75C5C" doi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339110" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="8333C33CFF35CF5354FE2B9A62524F38" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Figure 3.</emphasis> <emphasis id="73C8EBFCD587B8EE3FDDA164C3C70C74" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Observed individuals of Observed individuals of
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Bufotes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bufotes viridis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridis"> <taxonomicName id="E73E05B1B44CF09F2558EBE7437EC392" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Bufotes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bufotes viridis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Bufotes viridis</emphasis> <emphasis id="469416B067B181A9963576DE735BD1FD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Bufotes viridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
complex ( complex (
<taxonomicName family="Bufonidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="family">Bufonidae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="FFBE38E11381659B47D037E2ED577D2A" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Bufonidae</taxonomicName>
) from Afghanistan: A, B, C - Different post-metamorphic stages of the species complex from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; D - adult individual from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - adult female from Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh (photo by Nasser Halaweh); F - adult female from Arga Queshlaq (photo by Glyn Morris). ) from Afghanistan: A, B, C - Different post-metamorphic stages of the species complex from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; D - adult individual from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - adult female from Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh (photo by Nasser Halaweh); F - adult female from Arga Queshlaq (photo by Glyn Morris).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks"> <subSubSection id="09D5403B779C687C5514022952BF051A" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph> <paragraph id="93320DEDFB6007E368717516866E6D40" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="F5BCB4A4CB10303D038651F68B96DBE3" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
According to the map of According to the map of
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="D124182F572537BC4B24D1EE268C1438" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
, toads from Balkh Province should belong to , toads from Balkh Province should belong to
<taxonomicName genus="B." lsidName="B. turanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="turanensis"> <taxonomicName id="DB2C5F99A7CC39489ACB011BD82B8BC6" lsidName="B. turanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="turanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. turanensis</emphasis> <emphasis id="94B7C1672AF8290228EBB49B83F2E75E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. turanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
(or (or
<taxonomicName genus="B." lsidName="B. pewzowi" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="pewzowi"> <taxonomicName id="0D61491719360E81DA2FC49D9D12E2FE" lsidName="B. pewzowi" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="pewzowi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. pewzowi</emphasis> <emphasis id="042CF078CCD09852A4F588BF36A1CBD7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. pewzowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
, ,
<taxonomicName genus="B." lsidName="B. shaartusiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="shaartusiensis"> <taxonomicName id="9B4FF4CA58E350926B2713F7D76540C3" lsidName="B. shaartusiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="shaartusiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. shaartusiensis</emphasis> <emphasis id="2FF9E8106BE30FF34A95D01E1FF8CE4B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. shaartusiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
, see , see
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Ficetola and Ficetola and
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2016 2016
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; ;
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B11">Litvinchuk et al. 2018a</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="8A94FDA627620A9D26FC0B5FBA8692A7" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B11">Litvinchuk et al. 2018a</bibRefCitation>
), from Badakhshan and Kabul Provinces to ), from Badakhshan and Kabul Provinces to
<taxonomicName genus="B." lsidName="B. baturae" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="baturae"> <taxonomicName id="76205D20D7F1C52F7D96198B8D565B53" lsidName="B. baturae" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="baturae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. baturae</emphasis> <emphasis id="35E8CF091BA5078C783213B1A80CD985" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. baturae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
/ /
<taxonomicName lsidName="pseudoraddei" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="pseudoraddei"> <taxonomicName id="5D00CB4CB089A96F5647B19078FB014C" lsidName="pseudoraddei" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="pseudoraddei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">pseudoraddei</emphasis> <emphasis id="27E33650765B79E934C1F70C87737FB9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">pseudoraddei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
and from Kandahar to and from Kandahar to
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. zugmayeri</emphasis> <emphasis id="DD5E5CB7BAE463E695018A974B582495" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B. zugmayeri</emphasis>
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. Although all our records represent new localities, they fall within regions or areas where these toads were previously known. Locality 5 represents an interesting record near Broghil Pass at an elevation of about ~3800 m. . Although all our records represent new localities, they fall within regions or areas where these toads were previously known. Locality 5 represents an interesting record near Broghil Pass at an elevation of about ~3800 m.
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="D5D7F611040270BF9C3901B9E27DB534" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017)</bibRefCitation>
identified these toads incorrectly as &quot; identified these toads incorrectly as &quot;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Pseudepidalea viridis</emphasis> <emphasis id="9C1D6BB07FD58969EE2DE6F1A8E226E4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Pseudepidalea viridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
&quot; and &quot; &quot; and &quot;
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Bufo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bufo surdus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="surdus"> <taxonomicName id="33B798B315F11FAE13519E85DFA481D4" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Bufo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bufo surdus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="surdus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Bufo surdus</emphasis> <emphasis id="34259F6DA2A98F39ED616136B2D61CF1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Bufo surdus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
&quot; (pp. 51-55). The genus &quot; (pp. 51-55). The genus
<taxonomicName genus="Pseudepidalea" lsidName="Pseudepidalea" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="genus"> <taxonomicName id="29EF774E126932280DE7B269ED347308" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Pseudepidalea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudepidalea" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Pseudepidalea</emphasis> <emphasis id="18D1757F6655FD3AF38B49BEB4A41E53" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Pseudepidalea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
is a less used generic name for these toads, while is a less used generic name for these toads, while
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Bufotes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bufotes surdus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="surdus"> <taxonomicName id="4E22537A9674A3FBC04756DD47C5E55C" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Bufotes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bufotes surdus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="surdus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Bufotes surdus</emphasis> <emphasis id="41235D15C09BE3910A4896033D623F05" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Bufotes surdus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
(Boulenger, 1891) has never been recorded in Afghanistan. (Boulenger, 1891) has never been recorded in Afghanistan.
</paragraph> </paragraph>

140
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@ -1,111 +1,111 @@
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph> <paragraph id="5CDD9D23E698DEC24A0D1F83148DB2EC" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph>
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The distribution pattern of this species is divided into two main parts with desert or semi-desert habitats: the northern (provinces Herat, Faryab) and south-eastern (Kabul, Kandahar, Nangarhar). For details and other general locality data, see The distribution pattern of this species is divided into two main parts with desert or semi-desert habitats: the northern (provinces Herat, Faryab) and south-eastern (Kabul, Kandahar, Nangarhar). For details and other general locality data, see
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="4F21C85093F93F00973C897159C0E771" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016</bibRefCitation>
; p. 512). ; p. 512).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph> <paragraph id="2FFE7F040A4DF1218071D90C89688F17" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="78A8B56F86797360940487BB32E4AE11" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
( (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016; red dots: data of this study). Hemorrhois ravergieri: 1 - Jurm, Badakhshan; 2 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Spalerosophis diadema: 1 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Spin Boldak, Kandahar. Psammophis schokari: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339115" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure8">Fig. 8</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="4DA22EF4FF77F73F3FE9F29F65E085A7" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016; red dots: data of this study). Hemorrhois ravergieri: 1 - Jurm, Badakhshan; 2 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Spalerosophis diadema: 1 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Spin Boldak, Kandahar. Psammophis schokari: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339115" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure8">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). 1 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul (25 June 2011), one adult individual ( ). 1 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul (25 June 2011), one adult individual (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Observed species of Colubridae and Viperidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of Hemorrhois ravergieri from Jurm, Badakhshan (photo by Glyn Morris); B - subadult individual of Platyceps rhodorachis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C - subadult individual of P. rhodorachis (striped phenotype) from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; D - adult individual of Ptyas mucosa from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - subadult individual of Spalerosophis diadema from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - subadult individual of S. diadema from Spin Boldak, Kandahar (photo by Ron Savage); G, H - subadult and adult individual of Echis carinatus from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339116" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9">Fig. 9E</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="B01ADF4E23710F15BF452AFFE046BA4D" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Observed species of Colubridae and Viperidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of Hemorrhois ravergieri from Jurm, Badakhshan (photo by Glyn Morris); B - subadult individual of Platyceps rhodorachis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C - subadult individual of P. rhodorachis (striped phenotype) from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; D - adult individual of Ptyas mucosa from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - subadult individual of Spalerosophis diadema from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - subadult individual of S. diadema from Spin Boldak, Kandahar (photo by Ron Savage); G, H - subadult and adult individual of Echis carinatus from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339116" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9">Fig. 9E</figureCitation>
) found a 20-minute walk from the camp in rocky habitat; 2 - Spin Boldak, Kandahar (20 November 2010), one subadult individual ( ) found a 20-minute walk from the camp in rocky habitat; 2 - Spin Boldak, Kandahar (20 November 2010), one subadult individual (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Observed species of Colubridae and Viperidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of Hemorrhois ravergieri from Jurm, Badakhshan (photo by Glyn Morris); B - subadult individual of Platyceps rhodorachis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C - subadult individual of P. rhodorachis (striped phenotype) from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; D - adult individual of Ptyas mucosa from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - subadult individual of Spalerosophis diadema from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - subadult individual of S. diadema from Spin Boldak, Kandahar (photo by Ron Savage); G, H - subadult and adult individual of Echis carinatus from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339116" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9">Fig. 9F</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="6094D12E9F7287EF19696593648C3D33" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Observed species of Colubridae and Viperidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of Hemorrhois ravergieri from Jurm, Badakhshan (photo by Glyn Morris); B - subadult individual of Platyceps rhodorachis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C - subadult individual of P. rhodorachis (striped phenotype) from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; D - adult individual of Ptyas mucosa from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - subadult individual of Spalerosophis diadema from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - subadult individual of S. diadema from Spin Boldak, Kandahar (photo by Ron Savage); G, H - subadult and adult individual of Echis carinatus from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339116" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9">Fig. 9F</figureCitation>
) found in the desert area of the camp. ) found in the desert area of the camp.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks"> <subSubSection id="5B791B2B88C01EA17A995FD25A93A1C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph> <paragraph id="0843A2FAD78495578A0465D4213D177D" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="9D35156340581DDB41E064AFC560A876" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
Our records correspond with the known or possible range of the species. Record 2 from Kandahar Province is the first exact record of the species from the southern part of the country and this province. The record from &quot; Our records correspond with the known or possible range of the species. Record 2 from Kandahar Province is the first exact record of the species from the southern part of the country and this province. The record from &quot;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Nushki to Helmand</emphasis> <emphasis id="CE2F80A78E568227ECF3CCFF724C0159" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Nushki to Helmand</emphasis>
&quot; has imprecise locality data ( &quot; has imprecise locality data (
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="5089CCA9E1CC8C40DC3468DF7D083589" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
) and is most likely located in the southern part of Kandahar province. The record from Camp Dubs - Kabul was erroneously assigned to ) and is most likely located in the southern part of Kandahar province. The record from Camp Dubs - Kabul was erroneously assigned to
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lytorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lytorhynchus ridgewayi" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridgewayi"> <taxonomicName id="1F7DC4A9BC1B9C3B41DAEF315629ADC6" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Lytorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lytorhynchus ridgewayi" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridgewayi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Lytorhynchus ridgewayi</emphasis> <emphasis id="9C006145F53DAE3F15B71C7097061F36" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Lytorhynchus ridgewayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
Boulenger, 1887 by Boulenger, 1887 by
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="30DB7EE198959ADB4B2017D9B0567BAC" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017</bibRefCitation>
; see p. 47). This species of ; see p. 47). This species of
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lytorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lytorhynchus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus"> <taxonomicName id="D7FCE2BA9105940E2D54E914CE9AA2D2" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Lytorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lytorhynchus" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Lytorhynchus</emphasis> <emphasis id="3AB1E8EC20F307E72CD54BBB2C36C22D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Lytorhynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
is known in Afghanistan from only two localities of the western and south-western part of the country (provinces Herat, Kandahar). is known in Afghanistan from only two localities of the western and south-western part of the country (provinces Herat, Kandahar).
</paragraph> </paragraph>

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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412916" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C7FB8B8608E9519CB2A6DCFCDB3075EF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C7FB8B8608E9519CB2A6DCFCDB3075EF" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <treatment id="C7FB8B8608E9519CB2A6DCFCDB3075EF" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412916" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C7FB8B8608E9519CB2A6DCFCDB3075EF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C7FB8B8608E9519CB2A6DCFCDB3075EF" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" scope_class="Reptilia" scope_family="Colubridae" scope_order="Squamata">
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Hemorrhois ravergieri ( Hemorrhois ravergieri (
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, 1832) , 1832)
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph> <paragraph id="207F8A6CFC8CB1A25E42E3653D8E9034" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="0ABF768DF17B3E1A9B888474A9E3A047" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
This species has a scattered distribution with most of the records from the north-eastern part of the country. It is currently known from the provinces Badakhshan, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Kunduz, Nuristan, Paktia ( This species has a scattered distribution with most of the records from the north-eastern part of the country. It is currently known from the provinces Badakhshan, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Kunduz, Nuristan, Paktia (
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="60A4AE32E3283B5BFE675CCEDBA8E74A" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records"> <subSubSection id="8564E551A4739D14B001F391B7DAE499" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph> <paragraph id="BB9C718A094271F8FC719EAA5F168975" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="EB281454A813AB6BAFB1290C42B1BF2D" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
( (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016; red dots: data of this study). Hemorrhois ravergieri: 1 - Jurm, Badakhshan; 2 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Spalerosophis diadema: 1 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Spin Boldak, Kandahar. Psammophis schokari: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339115" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure8">Fig. 8</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="D751F032D8D08BD15EA3AEB0DD8B701F" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016; red dots: data of this study). Hemorrhois ravergieri: 1 - Jurm, Badakhshan; 2 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Spalerosophis diadema: 1 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Spin Boldak, Kandahar. Psammophis schokari: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339115" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure8">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). 1 - Jurm, Badakhshan (5 October 2011), one adult individual ( ). 1 - Jurm, Badakhshan (5 October 2011), one adult individual (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Observed species of Colubridae and Viperidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of Hemorrhois ravergieri from Jurm, Badakhshan (photo by Glyn Morris); B - subadult individual of Platyceps rhodorachis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C - subadult individual of P. rhodorachis (striped phenotype) from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; D - adult individual of Ptyas mucosa from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - subadult individual of Spalerosophis diadema from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - subadult individual of S. diadema from Spin Boldak, Kandahar (photo by Ron Savage); G, H - subadult and adult individual of Echis carinatus from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339116" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9">Fig. 9A</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="C080868CAD0B4704EF8B107F9ABEE3F8" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Observed species of Colubridae and Viperidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of Hemorrhois ravergieri from Jurm, Badakhshan (photo by Glyn Morris); B - subadult individual of Platyceps rhodorachis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C - subadult individual of P. rhodorachis (striped phenotype) from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; D - adult individual of Ptyas mucosa from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - subadult individual of Spalerosophis diadema from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - subadult individual of S. diadema from Spin Boldak, Kandahar (photo by Ron Savage); G, H - subadult and adult individual of Echis carinatus from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339116" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
) observed in the early afternoon, sunning itself on the wall of a mini-hydro power intake canal near the town. It appeared to be approx. 1.2 metres long; 2 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul (17 July 2011), one adult individual observed in rocky habitat in the vicinity of the camp. ) observed in the early afternoon, sunning itself on the wall of a mini-hydro power intake canal near the town. It appeared to be approx. 1.2 metres long; 2 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul (17 July 2011), one adult individual observed in rocky habitat in the vicinity of the camp.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks"> <subSubSection id="D5BCD6B11C39918C5AD76A7579EF56E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph> <paragraph id="FCA3EE0D1BF37DCE5F7EEE5F6E2FF289" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="8830F57938A73F1CE9F55FADBE61EA5E" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
Both our records represent new locality data although this species is known to occur in these provinces. The record from Camp Dubs - Kabul is erroneously assigned to Both our records represent new locality data although this species is known to occur in these provinces. The record from Camp Dubs - Kabul is erroneously assigned to
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Daboia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Daboia russelli" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="russelli"> <taxonomicName id="2A54159870EEED30BC8B52BCB746C782" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Daboia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Daboia russelli" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="russelli">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Daboia russelli</emphasis> <emphasis id="BA3F92CDF9D75842E64D9CA03BF14E1E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Daboia russelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
(Shaw &amp; Nodder, 1797) by (Shaw &amp; Nodder, 1797) by
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="8847005D83F3667D8B1345B6ED1BFB3B" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017</bibRefCitation>
; see p. 38), but that species of viper has never been recorded or mentioned in available literature as a member of fauna in Afghanistan. ; see p. 38), but that species of viper has never been recorded or mentioned in available literature as a member of fauna in Afghanistan.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339115" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" start="Figure 8" startId="F8"> <caption id="C8719BBF9F73D9D862088DA40D8062B8" doi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339115" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="7AA7A8AE37B2C6A96C29E0B611C112BA" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Figure 8.</emphasis> <emphasis id="9D7B5DBD461E7A16DED026D1B7FAF8F9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Figure 8.</emphasis>
Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots:
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="E3882CEC4FF6ABA8EDEBED13B7639C99" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
; red dots: data of this study). ; red dots: data of this study).
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hemorrhois" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemorrhois ravergieri" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravergieri"> <taxonomicName id="9FDAB21B516CFBD6C71C4EC024E0EC66" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Hemorrhois" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemorrhois ravergieri" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravergieri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Hemorrhois ravergieri</emphasis> <emphasis id="3F31EF427E1B5CA4D9DFE11B0B9ABDA0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Hemorrhois ravergieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
: 1 - Jurm, Badakhshan; 2 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. : 1 - Jurm, Badakhshan; 2 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul.
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Spalerosophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spalerosophis diadema" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diadema"> <taxonomicName id="E8D3B2F2E5CE7CFC841380EC09C29FE1" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Spalerosophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spalerosophis diadema" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diadema">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Spalerosophis diadema</emphasis> <emphasis id="5610AC9FDC8763A58674736979B670EE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Spalerosophis diadema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
: 1 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Spin Boldak, Kandahar. : 1 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Spin Boldak, Kandahar.
<taxonomicName class="Tubothalamea" family="Ammodiscidae" genus="Psammophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Chromista" lsidName="Psammophis schokari" order="Spirillinida" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="schokari"> <taxonomicName id="652B385C87EF04A8603B41F70A6D7E56" class="Squamata" family="Psammophiidae" genus="Psammophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psammophis schokari" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schokari">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Psammophis schokari</emphasis> <emphasis id="2E6FC0316890DFFE3B51E225E3C3401A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Psammophis schokari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. : Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339116" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" start="Figure 9" startId="F9"> <caption id="7CC629E5FF7DFDDD74D6BEB2489C3E6D" doi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339116" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="F0EF96A96C88E0BE0F91C41CF94FE165" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Figure 9.</emphasis> <emphasis id="D13AA7759BCA69BCE676D482C5C7DCCA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Figure 9.</emphasis>
Observed species of Observed species of
<taxonomicName family="Colubridae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="family">Colubridae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="9A0906A79211EB28C23A8A65DC1B581A" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Colubridae</taxonomicName>
and and
<taxonomicName family="Viperidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="family">Viperidae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="664EC8ED02437F6FF66A63702CCF4598" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Viperidae</taxonomicName>
families from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of families from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hemorrhois" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemorrhois ravergieri" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravergieri"> <taxonomicName id="53A9B71DBD006A08B03A80EDFE2088D7" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Hemorrhois" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemorrhois ravergieri" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravergieri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Hemorrhois ravergieri</emphasis> <emphasis id="3346C82F031A91488F403C18EA96D735" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Hemorrhois ravergieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
from Jurm, Badakhshan (photo by Glyn Morris); B - subadult individual of from Jurm, Badakhshan (photo by Glyn Morris); B - subadult individual of
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Platyceps" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceps rhodorachis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhodorachis"> <taxonomicName id="2631B4F7DF0626E39295302157D05029" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Platyceps" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceps rhodorachis" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhodorachis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Platyceps rhodorachis</emphasis> <emphasis id="4EED1C52614B6A159535FB64DFD70209" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Platyceps rhodorachis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C - subadult individual of from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C - subadult individual of
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. rhodorachis" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="rhodorachis"> <taxonomicName id="834CCEB5F5F86DAA65483CC8AF0B7314" lsidName="P. rhodorachis" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="rhodorachis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">P. rhodorachis</emphasis> <emphasis id="97C8164301098B61DFB963AE20D1F85D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">P. rhodorachis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
(striped phenotype) from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; D - adult individual of (striped phenotype) from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; D - adult individual of
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Ptyas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptyas mucosa" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mucosa"> <taxonomicName id="28251F5202E83A4C1669A8FA364C11EE" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Ptyas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptyas mucosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mucosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Ptyas mucosa</emphasis> <emphasis id="7215E33F663AB36098937C85665D5F45" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Ptyas mucosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - subadult individual of from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - subadult individual of
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Spalerosophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spalerosophis diadema" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diadema"> <taxonomicName id="3ED522D7B1766A21D0F487A5BF890544" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Spalerosophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spalerosophis diadema" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diadema">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Spalerosophis diadema</emphasis> <emphasis id="16B417730C83A55C6B76B2A68F1196EF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Spalerosophis diadema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - subadult individual of from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - subadult individual of
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. diadema" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="diadema"> <taxonomicName id="71D7367D72569DDC9CDE1CCCC44FACF0" lsidName="S. diadema" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="diadema">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">S. diadema</emphasis> <emphasis id="8B4F13DAD481C76396D379F9661F417A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">S. diadema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
from Spin Boldak, Kandahar (photo by Ron Savage); G, H - subadult and adult individual of from Spin Boldak, Kandahar (photo by Ron Savage); G, H - subadult and adult individual of
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Echis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echis carinatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carinatus"> <taxonomicName id="FC6AD1D15ABEFC7DCC1646CD82DEB028" class="Squamata" family="Viperidae" genus="Echis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echis carinatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carinatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Echis carinatus</emphasis> <emphasis id="F782052495FF80FE2999189ADF279AC7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Echis carinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar.
</paragraph> </paragraph>

172
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<mods:namePart>Jablonski, Daniel</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="FCFD63AC64D33395C9495943DD908790">Jablonski, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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</mods:role> </mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Regan, John M.</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="16443F8D9B620A051DBD9FB6229F7134">Regan, John M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:role> </mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Holzheuser, Chace</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="30C468E8FD8AB3E9F5736E966B4FDBB2">Holzheuser, Chace</mods:namePart>
</mods:name> </mods:name>
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</mods:role> </mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Farooqi, Javeed</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="603227CA6CC9660E301B71AD82F5D507">Farooqi, Javeed</mods:namePart>
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</mods:role> </mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Basit, Abdul</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="31F7E3031C6A0994D0D226E4602F7481">Basit, Abdul</mods:namePart>
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</mods:role> </mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Masroor, Rafaqat</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="9A26A298881330B480B9D5DBBA1019A0">Masroor, Rafaqat</mods:namePart>
</mods:name> </mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource> <mods:typeOfResource id="62FEBC830FC6A315A3FD0620EC9A957E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host"> <mods:relatedItem id="A21F731716A2D45F35DE1231BB954FB0" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo> <mods:titleInfo id="0ED0A99C804A1AB38675DAAC99737E93">
<mods:title>Herpetozoa</mods:title> <mods:title id="E575B335774D9481668DB8757A49C3F6">Herpetozoa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo> </mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part> <mods:part id="772E5A87D3437BB66232840C32575200">
<mods:date>2019</mods:date> <mods:date id="1A3D3D1B42B70009B8B03A116368208E">2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume"> <mods:detail id="48B7936243D057A1FD0AB2FE6AB9546E" type="volume">
<mods:number>32</mods:number> <mods:number id="303BEA9B8E0B9BAAD345D4728C53040E">32</mods:number>
</mods:detail> </mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page"> <mods:extent id="D2A20A08CE9C7482B02F5A9A8BF99795" unit="page">
<mods:start>177</mods:start> <mods:start id="1CE3391E802F8F93DA65D887FF1F1C6D">177</mods:start>
<mods:end>193</mods:end> <mods:end id="06AD60A9361557152CC8D68FE68D06B9">193</mods:end>
</mods:extent> </mods:extent>
</mods:part> </mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem> </mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location> <mods:location id="E2670D19EA3A6A3D43A905FA8999054A">
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171</mods:url> <mods:url id="82952C5DBC4FE291CF5759A12023BEFE">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171</mods:url>
</mods:location> </mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification> <mods:classification id="BEDD7E0B18138972BFD8733893BE8A9D">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171</mods:identifier> <mods:identifier id="302410C367A5BF13DEF53D7083AD74AD" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2682-955X-32-177</mods:identifier> <mods:identifier id="B07AD3F84E47FA6536EEBB32C2A330C5" type="Pensoft-Pub">2682-955X-32-177</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412897" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D133ECC2C4AB5EA6AA392AAF05BC67DD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D133ECC2C4AB5EA6AA392AAF05BC67DD" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <treatment id="D133ECC2C4AB5EA6AA392AAF05BC67DD" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412897" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D133ECC2C4AB5EA6AA392AAF05BC67DD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D133ECC2C4AB5EA6AA392AAF05BC67DD" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" scope_class="Amphibia" scope_family="Dicroglossidae" scope_order="Anura">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="nomenclature"> <subSubSection id="681B294FB769F6D9F21C4EC374F320F9" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="3FE209A38F7531D6A7627DFBF44C7DD8" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<taxonomicName LSID="D133ECC2C4AB5EA6AA392AAF05BC67DD" authority="Schneider, 1799" authorityName="Schneider" authorityYear="1799" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cyanophlyctis">Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis (Schneider, 1799)</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="9E58E1E5A0D407EF7111725CAEE47FF1" ID-CoL="3CMH4" LSID="D133ECC2C4AB5EA6AA392AAF05BC67DD" authority="Schneider, 1799" authorityName="Schneider" authorityYear="1799" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cyanophlyctis">Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis (Schneider, 1799)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="DED77994D652FF88DEFE55F7A8F65380" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph> <paragraph id="E34A178DE2B71DB8406AEEF8E58E1E1A" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="E76B7EBF88C14B12D947994DABC34278" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
According to According to
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="394526942AD110E3E0A47A5FD48C2C9E" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
, this species is known from three isolated regions: first follows the valleys of Kabul and Kaitu Rivers in the east, second from Helmand River in the south and third from the area between the Khash and Farah Rud rivers in the south-west (provinces Farah, Helmand, Khost, Laghman, Nangarhar; , this species is known from three isolated regions: first follows the valleys of Kabul and Kaitu Rivers in the east, second from Helmand River in the south and third from the area between the Khash and Farah Rud rivers in the south-west (provinces Farah, Helmand, Khost, Laghman, Nangarhar;
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: data of Buchroithner, 1981; Wagner et al. 2016; Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Bufotes viridis complex (including species B. oblongus, B. baturae / pseudoraddei, B. turanensis and B. zugmayeri presented by Wagner et al. 2016): 1 - Dehdadi, Balkh; 2 - Nahr Shahi, Balkh; 3 - Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 4 - Arga Queshlaq, Badakhshan; 5 - Broghil Pass, Badakhshan; 6 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 7 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis: Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Testudo horsfieldii: 1 - Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; 2 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 3 - Waza Kwah, Paktika. Phrynocephalus mystaceus: Shor Tepah, Balkh. Trapelus agilis: 1 - Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 2 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 5 - Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan. Trapelus megalonyx: 1 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 2 - Gardez, Gardez Base, Paktia." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339109" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="90B1BD22B26A3F77D59DBB123A02C8A3" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: data of Buchroithner, 1981; Wagner et al. 2016; Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Bufotes viridis complex (including species B. oblongus, B. baturae / pseudoraddei, B. turanensis and B. zugmayeri presented by Wagner et al. 2016): 1 - Dehdadi, Balkh; 2 - Nahr Shahi, Balkh; 3 - Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 4 - Arga Queshlaq, Badakhshan; 5 - Broghil Pass, Badakhshan; 6 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 7 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis: Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Testudo horsfieldii: 1 - Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; 2 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 3 - Waza Kwah, Paktika. Phrynocephalus mystaceus: Shor Tepah, Balkh. Trapelus agilis: 1 - Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 2 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 5 - Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan. Trapelus megalonyx: 1 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 2 - Gardez, Gardez Base, Paktia." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339109" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records"> <subSubSection id="26F3AECD7E7B96EC4F1ECAE3E00F6C26" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph> <paragraph id="74483D81E80F919A88CA7051C4C8F48B" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="E7C8293B70FA4C60E3E73A8EC7965887" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
( (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: data of Buchroithner, 1981; Wagner et al. 2016; Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Bufotes viridis complex (including species B. oblongus, B. baturae / pseudoraddei, B. turanensis and B. zugmayeri presented by Wagner et al. 2016): 1 - Dehdadi, Balkh; 2 - Nahr Shahi, Balkh; 3 - Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 4 - Arga Queshlaq, Badakhshan; 5 - Broghil Pass, Badakhshan; 6 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 7 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis: Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Testudo horsfieldii: 1 - Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; 2 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 3 - Waza Kwah, Paktika. Phrynocephalus mystaceus: Shor Tepah, Balkh. Trapelus agilis: 1 - Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 2 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 5 - Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan. Trapelus megalonyx: 1 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 2 - Gardez, Gardez Base, Paktia." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339109" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="6B19E6F310AD6C73E0241ED9A697E94A" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: data of Buchroithner, 1981; Wagner et al. 2016; Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Bufotes viridis complex (including species B. oblongus, B. baturae / pseudoraddei, B. turanensis and B. zugmayeri presented by Wagner et al. 2016): 1 - Dehdadi, Balkh; 2 - Nahr Shahi, Balkh; 3 - Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 4 - Arga Queshlaq, Badakhshan; 5 - Broghil Pass, Badakhshan; 6 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 7 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis: Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Testudo horsfieldii: 1 - Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; 2 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 3 - Waza Kwah, Paktika. Phrynocephalus mystaceus: Shor Tepah, Balkh. Trapelus agilis: 1 - Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 2 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 5 - Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan. Trapelus megalonyx: 1 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 2 - Gardez, Gardez Base, Paktia." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339109" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar (17 May 2009), several dozen juveniles, subadult and adult individuals ( ). Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar (17 May 2009), several dozen juveniles, subadult and adult individuals (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Observed species of Dicroglossidae, Testudinidae and Agamidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individuals of Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - adult individual of Testudo horsfieldii from Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; C - adult individual of Phrynocephalus mystaceus from Shor Tepah, Balkh; D - juvenile individual of Trapelus agilis from Lashkargah, Helmand; E - adult male of T. agilis from Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; F, G - adult and subadult males of T. agilis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; H - adult male of T. aff. megalonyx from Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; I - adult individual of T. aff. megalonyx from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339111" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4">Fig. 4A</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="F109B1434D39C28A8B3668D7333396F5" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Observed species of Dicroglossidae, Testudinidae and Agamidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individuals of Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - adult individual of Testudo horsfieldii from Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; C - adult individual of Phrynocephalus mystaceus from Shor Tepah, Balkh; D - juvenile individual of Trapelus agilis from Lashkargah, Helmand; E - adult male of T. agilis from Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; F, G - adult and subadult males of T. agilis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; H - adult male of T. aff. megalonyx from Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; I - adult individual of T. aff. megalonyx from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339111" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
), grouped in large numbers in the artificial pond near the runway in semi-desert area ( ), grouped in large numbers in the artificial pond near the runway in semi-desert area (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. View on selected localities from Afghanistan that were visited: A - habitat of Bufotes viridis complex and Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - stony, semi-desert habitat of Eremias aff. nigrocellata from Kaldar, Balkh; C - semi-desert habitat of Trapelus agilis from Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan; D - vicinity of small village Waza Kwah, Paktika as habitat of Testudo horsfieldii; E - desert habitat of Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; F - burrows in semi-desert habitat that were used by Eremias persica as a shelter, Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339117" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10">Fig. 10A</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="239FE45CA236069924DA4B1481DAD94B" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. View on selected localities from Afghanistan that were visited: A - habitat of Bufotes viridis complex and Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - stony, semi-desert habitat of Eremias aff. nigrocellata from Kaldar, Balkh; C - semi-desert habitat of Trapelus agilis from Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan; D - vicinity of small village Waza Kwah, Paktika as habitat of Testudo horsfieldii; E - desert habitat of Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; F - burrows in semi-desert habitat that were used by Eremias persica as a shelter, Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339117" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks"> <subSubSection id="26C85AD5261DA907DA495F7366B6F07D" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph> <paragraph id="A6E8D573CD7A4D6CA74BC1CE986386FA" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="B0F4BDD27767CFE3908F2F3737E6FE5C" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
Distribution of this species in Afghanistan is restricted to the aforementioned river valleys or oasis and the surrounding vicinity and represents the Distribution of this species in Afghanistan is restricted to the aforementioned river valleys or oasis and the surrounding vicinity and represents the
<normalizedToken originalValue="species’">species'</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="AB24BBD61008D6A655D749E94A01F0D2" originalValue="species’">species'</normalizedToken>
northern distribution. Our record is the first for Kandahar Province and represents a new locality of the species. northern distribution. Our record is the first for Kandahar Province and represents a new locality of the species.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339111" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" start="Figure 4" startId="F4"> <caption id="86AA9068E7820DB9966DE2B6CE975A76" doi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339111" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="C9A8054A76DF4DCE93F860B574C47785" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Figure 4.</emphasis> <emphasis id="B18BFFE31F118EA84451D14DF3944C84" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Observed species of Observed species of
<taxonomicName family="Dicroglossidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="family">Dicroglossidae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="63A0789D73ECD056D2450AF021CD73A6" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Dicroglossidae</taxonomicName>
, ,
<taxonomicName family="Testudinidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="family">Testudinidae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="36F9A4F797242F2B99CBE518A7FD8E21" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Cryptodira" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Testudinidae</taxonomicName>
and and
<taxonomicName family="Agamidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="family">Agamidae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="4D096831348E2E7E2EEE9B0BCF2223C8" class="Squamata" family="Agamidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Agamidae</taxonomicName>
families from Afghanistan: A - adult individuals of families from Afghanistan: A - adult individuals of
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cyanophlyctis"> <taxonomicName id="A04E9DC7CF700254512690E6F66FE4B6" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cyanophlyctis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis</emphasis> <emphasis id="B9917E637BE96495907ADF79D19842BE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - adult individual of from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - adult individual of
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Testudo horsfieldii" order="Testudines" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="horsfieldii"> <taxonomicName id="850453505E59E25727346420F3987809" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Testudo horsfieldii" order="Cryptodira" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="horsfieldii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Testudo horsfieldii</emphasis> <emphasis id="72C92B4E06E2BD6779FB7CD4FEE06DE8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Testudo horsfieldii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
from Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; C - adult individual of from Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; C - adult individual of
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Phrynocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phrynocephalus mystaceus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mystaceus"> <taxonomicName id="B4D5BCF969B605CAAC47E304704ED63F" class="Squamata" family="Agamidae" genus="Phrynocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phrynocephalus mystaceus" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mystaceus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Phrynocephalus mystaceus</emphasis> <emphasis id="969999FABD7FD7F9FF029D49CBF2936E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Phrynocephalus mystaceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
from Shor Tepah, Balkh; D - juvenile individual of from Shor Tepah, Balkh; D - juvenile individual of
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Trapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trapelus agilis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agilis"> <taxonomicName id="AC6A040475A20E49F8B7C4F98A118D39" class="Squamata" family="Agamidae" genus="Trapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trapelus agilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Trapelus agilis</emphasis> <emphasis id="F2CB6831C8CCF93E74420215C666661F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Trapelus agilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
from from
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lashkargāh">Lashkargah</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="944396B485958BBBB7123D031A2599FD" originalValue="Lashkargāh">Lashkargah</normalizedToken>
, Helmand; E - adult male of , Helmand; E - adult male of
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. agilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="agilis"> <taxonomicName id="74B51B39FBE108101E9C4A32E274C7C8" lsidName="T. agilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="agilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">T. agilis</emphasis> <emphasis id="161E4C1EA9ABE5750A33229DEB2939A2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">T. agilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
from Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; F, G - adult and subadult males of from Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; F, G - adult and subadult males of
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. agilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="agilis"> <taxonomicName id="425EDB09F26047EE15DCB7F2D33DD8C2" lsidName="T. agilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="agilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">T. agilis</emphasis> <emphasis id="54769638920BF9DFA9E1AA6C195DC542" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">T. agilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; H - adult male of from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; H - adult male of
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. megalonyx" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="megalonyx">T. aff. megalonyx</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="28014C1FE3280769FEB02034FA2BB7C7" lsidName="T. megalonyx" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="megalonyx">T. aff. megalonyx</taxonomicName>
from Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; I - adult individual of from Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; I - adult individual of
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. megalonyx" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="megalonyx">T. aff. megalonyx</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="6F655C7F50BF6E662D2D35D3DDA19C40" lsidName="T. megalonyx" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="megalonyx">T. aff. megalonyx</taxonomicName>
from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>

150
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@ -1,123 +1,123 @@
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412925" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DF5A7B68549956ACBD421A0452BDA6D9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DF5A7B68549956ACBD421A0452BDA6D9" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <treatment id="DF5A7B68549956ACBD421A0452BDA6D9" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412925" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DF5A7B68549956ACBD421A0452BDA6D9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DF5A7B68549956ACBD421A0452BDA6D9" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" scope_class="Reptilia" scope_family="Agamidae" scope_order="Squamata">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="34EEF664F3D75D234E10D4A7005BB3A5" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<taxonomicName LSID="DF5A7B68549956ACBD421A0452BDA6D9" authority="Guenther, 1864" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1864" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Trapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trapelus megalonyx" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megalonyx"> <taxonomicName id="85F4A981B8607E9F5DBCC8FC1492EF29" ID-CoL="57XYP" LSID="DF5A7B68549956ACBD421A0452BDA6D9" authority="Guenther, 1864" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1864" family="Agamidae" genus="Trapelus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trapelus megalonyx" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="megalonyx">
Trapelus megalonyx Trapelus megalonyx
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, 1864 , 1864
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph> <paragraph id="32D7541DED6E85CA46BBD76B844B6C2A" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="945A62B2574F92DA7D3D6C5FD737D665" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
This species is known mainly from south-eastern parts of the country (provinces Baghlan, Ghazni, Kabul, Kandahar, Kapisa, Logar, Nangarhar, Uruzgan and Wardak; This species is known mainly from south-eastern parts of the country (provinces Baghlan, Ghazni, Kabul, Kandahar, Kapisa, Logar, Nangarhar, Uruzgan and Wardak;
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="C15216B190944179C86C3ED653B89E76" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
; ;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.843.29420" author="Jablonski, D" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="129 - 147" refId="B8" refString="Jablonski, D, Urosevic, A, Andjelkovic, M, Dzukic, GD, 2019. An unknown collection of lizards from Afghanistan. ZooKeys 843: 129 - 147" title="An unknown collection of lizards from Afghanistan." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.843.29420" volume="843" year="2019">Jablonski et al. 2019</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="AA78E7474A5CE27CF1528D68E1EE34F3" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.843.29420" author="Jablonski, D" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="129 - 147" refId="B8" refString="Jablonski, D, Urosevic, A, Andjelkovic, M, Dzukic, GD, 2019. An unknown collection of lizards from Afghanistan. ZooKeys 843: 129 - 147" title="An unknown collection of lizards from Afghanistan." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.843.29420" volume="843" year="2019">Jablonski et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
). One record is presented from Fayzabad (Badakhshan) that is not marked in the ). One record is presented from Fayzabad (Badakhshan) that is not marked in the
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="8E37FB694AAFDCF0FB7A248A739D519E" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
map (Plate 5, p. 541). map (Plate 5, p. 541).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records"> <subSubSection id="04727610B6CD579D28E287DEC28A4BA5" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph> <paragraph id="319927B3EEA30EDEF0E8A777EBF2139A" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="A64613E93B98A57658065C02D4F516D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
( (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: data of Buchroithner, 1981; Wagner et al. 2016; Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Bufotes viridis complex (including species B. oblongus, B. baturae / pseudoraddei, B. turanensis and B. zugmayeri presented by Wagner et al. 2016): 1 - Dehdadi, Balkh; 2 - Nahr Shahi, Balkh; 3 - Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 4 - Arga Queshlaq, Badakhshan; 5 - Broghil Pass, Badakhshan; 6 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 7 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis: Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Testudo horsfieldii: 1 - Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; 2 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 3 - Waza Kwah, Paktika. Phrynocephalus mystaceus: Shor Tepah, Balkh. Trapelus agilis: 1 - Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 2 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 5 - Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan. Trapelus megalonyx: 1 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 2 - Gardez, Gardez Base, Paktia." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339109" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="E250DB174E8FFBCE3B5AA29AF7A2B171" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: data of Buchroithner, 1981; Wagner et al. 2016; Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Bufotes viridis complex (including species B. oblongus, B. baturae / pseudoraddei, B. turanensis and B. zugmayeri presented by Wagner et al. 2016): 1 - Dehdadi, Balkh; 2 - Nahr Shahi, Balkh; 3 - Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 4 - Arga Queshlaq, Badakhshan; 5 - Broghil Pass, Badakhshan; 6 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 7 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis: Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Testudo horsfieldii: 1 - Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; 2 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 3 - Waza Kwah, Paktika. Phrynocephalus mystaceus: Shor Tepah, Balkh. Trapelus agilis: 1 - Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 2 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 5 - Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan. Trapelus megalonyx: 1 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 2 - Gardez, Gardez Base, Paktia." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339109" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). 1 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar (17 May 2009), one adult individual ( ). 1 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar (17 May 2009), one adult individual (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Observed species of Dicroglossidae, Testudinidae and Agamidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individuals of Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - adult individual of Testudo horsfieldii from Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; C - adult individual of Phrynocephalus mystaceus from Shor Tepah, Balkh; D - juvenile individual of Trapelus agilis from Lashkargah, Helmand; E - adult male of T. agilis from Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; F, G - adult and subadult males of T. agilis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; H - adult male of T. aff. megalonyx from Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; I - adult individual of T. aff. megalonyx from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339111" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4">Fig. 4I</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="9D8089887D236FD48041D3400337E15D" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Observed species of Dicroglossidae, Testudinidae and Agamidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individuals of Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - adult individual of Testudo horsfieldii from Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; C - adult individual of Phrynocephalus mystaceus from Shor Tepah, Balkh; D - juvenile individual of Trapelus agilis from Lashkargah, Helmand; E - adult male of T. agilis from Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; F, G - adult and subadult males of T. agilis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; H - adult male of T. aff. megalonyx from Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; I - adult individual of T. aff. megalonyx from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339111" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4">Fig. 4I</figureCitation>
) in the desert habitat with bushes near the runway; 2 - Gardez, Gardez Base, Paktia (2 May 2008), one adult individual ( ) in the desert habitat with bushes near the runway; 2 - Gardez, Gardez Base, Paktia (2 May 2008), one adult individual (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Observed species of Dicroglossidae, Testudinidae and Agamidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individuals of Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - adult individual of Testudo horsfieldii from Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; C - adult individual of Phrynocephalus mystaceus from Shor Tepah, Balkh; D - juvenile individual of Trapelus agilis from Lashkargah, Helmand; E - adult male of T. agilis from Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; F, G - adult and subadult males of T. agilis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; H - adult male of T. aff. megalonyx from Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; I - adult individual of T. aff. megalonyx from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339111" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4">Fig. 4H</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="6755A9A74A54B9843D3017BE0F20B08E" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Observed species of Dicroglossidae, Testudinidae and Agamidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individuals of Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - adult individual of Testudo horsfieldii from Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; C - adult individual of Phrynocephalus mystaceus from Shor Tepah, Balkh; D - juvenile individual of Trapelus agilis from Lashkargah, Helmand; E - adult male of T. agilis from Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; F, G - adult and subadult males of T. agilis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; H - adult male of T. aff. megalonyx from Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; I - adult individual of T. aff. megalonyx from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339111" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4">Fig. 4H</figureCitation>
) observed in the semi-desert, rocky habitat. ) observed in the semi-desert, rocky habitat.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks"> <subSubSection id="921D688FB16FF926C9280AB4AB7C3C83" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph> <paragraph id="2012D578674DD1B9BEA3133FCDED2C1A" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="9D07FFF50306B22EC1A9EA4E0FA871D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
Both our records are new locality data. The record from Kandahar is currently the most western point of the species in the country and the record from Paktia is the first for the province. Although our records clearly correspond with the distribution range of the species in the country and individuals are very similar to Both our records are new locality data. The record from Kandahar is currently the most western point of the species in the country and the record from Paktia is the first for the province. Although our records clearly correspond with the distribution range of the species in the country and individuals are very similar to
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. megalonyx" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="megalonyx"> <taxonomicName id="C801E513A062935F70F1DC2181F5A823" lsidName="T. megalonyx" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="megalonyx">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">T. megalonyx</emphasis> <emphasis id="F825106717702A9394890F2B62E35D4E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">T. megalonyx</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
, photos do not allow better examination for clear species determination. , photos do not allow better examination for clear species determination.
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="8B61AEE8EBBB22CD0992593DE21B595D" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017)</bibRefCitation>
presents both records as presents both records as
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. agilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="agilis"> <taxonomicName id="AB738762C79BB7FD2240CB813D7453E0" lsidName="T. agilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="agilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">T. agilis</emphasis> <emphasis id="372D8DA3A9C280A224C3BB01FA8F9D51" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">T. agilis</emphasis>
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(pp. 15, 18). However, the individual from Gardez showed unusual colour patterns with an atypical violet dot on the lateral part of the body ( (pp. 15, 18). However, the individual from Gardez showed unusual colour patterns with an atypical violet dot on the lateral part of the body (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Observed species of Dicroglossidae, Testudinidae and Agamidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individuals of Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - adult individual of Testudo horsfieldii from Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; C - adult individual of Phrynocephalus mystaceus from Shor Tepah, Balkh; D - juvenile individual of Trapelus agilis from Lashkargah, Helmand; E - adult male of T. agilis from Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; F, G - adult and subadult males of T. agilis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; H - adult male of T. aff. megalonyx from Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; I - adult individual of T. aff. megalonyx from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339111" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4">Fig. 4H</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="1EA45FF75E006B4252369261B88F1E70" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Observed species of Dicroglossidae, Testudinidae and Agamidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individuals of Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - adult individual of Testudo horsfieldii from Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; C - adult individual of Phrynocephalus mystaceus from Shor Tepah, Balkh; D - juvenile individual of Trapelus agilis from Lashkargah, Helmand; E - adult male of T. agilis from Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; F, G - adult and subadult males of T. agilis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; H - adult male of T. aff. megalonyx from Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; I - adult individual of T. aff. megalonyx from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339111" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4">Fig. 4H</figureCitation>
). Therefore, we present our records as ). Therefore, we present our records as
<normalizedToken originalValue="“affiliated”">&quot;affiliated&quot;</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="C44DE93D479FCC616FC0CF621EE3F020" originalValue="“affiliated”">&quot;affiliated&quot;</normalizedToken>
to to
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">T. megalonyx</emphasis> <emphasis id="E1BAF6FDEF6179EEC82538B25B47A21C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">T. megalonyx</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
. .
</paragraph> </paragraph>

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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412932" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E24FBF6D7C605DCF905F56E453DC40CC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E24FBF6D7C605DCF905F56E453DC40CC" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <treatment id="E24FBF6D7C605DCF905F56E453DC40CC" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412932" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E24FBF6D7C605DCF905F56E453DC40CC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E24FBF6D7C605DCF905F56E453DC40CC" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" scope_class="Reptilia" scope_family="Lacertidae" scope_order="Squamata">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="893494F72792E6B0930F0BA5BDA457E4" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<taxonomicName LSID="E24FBF6D7C605DCF905F56E453DC40CC" authority="Blanford, 1875" authorityName="Blanford" authorityYear="1875" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Eremias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremias persica" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="persica">Eremias persica Blanford, 1875</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="100770F37D0B7FCC82F372332BD46FB0" ID-CoL="6GDZD" LSID="E24FBF6D7C605DCF905F56E453DC40CC" authority="Blanford, 1875" authorityName="Blanford" authorityYear="1875" family="Lacertidae" genus="Eremias" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremias persica" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="persica">Eremias persica Blanford, 1875</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph> <paragraph id="05501AEF6B678A3232343E72D7221F78" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="809E25B7AB209D3609BFA02179755A2A" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
This species is known from north-eastern, southern and western Afghanistan (provinces Badakhshan, Badghis, Farah, Ghazni, Helmand, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Khost, Nangarhar, Parwan, Wardak, Zabul; This species is known from north-eastern, southern and western Afghanistan (provinces Badakhshan, Badghis, Farah, Ghazni, Helmand, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Khost, Nangarhar, Parwan, Wardak, Zabul;
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="B1D377DA6798A05200496916AABBA73E" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records"> <subSubSection id="4FCEE634A1F8EAF80872B39A6048D7F9" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph> <paragraph id="E572C3BB4E1F35799E2A4715C2AAE2D7" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="A203177F9BF1071F60FA6010151962CF" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
( (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016 and Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex: Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (first country record; cf. Smid et al. 2014). Cyrtopodion scabrum: 1 - Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; 3 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 4 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Cyrtopodion watsoni: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Eremias nigrocellata: Kaldar, Balkh. Eremias persica: 1 - Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; 2 - Waza Kwah, Paktika; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lashkargah, Helmand. Mesalina watsonana: 1 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 2 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339112" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5">Fig. 5</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="78718CAAE2DA6E214F77FCDDBBFC375A" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016 and Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex: Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (first country record; cf. Smid et al. 2014). Cyrtopodion scabrum: 1 - Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; 3 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 4 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Cyrtopodion watsoni: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Eremias nigrocellata: Kaldar, Balkh. Eremias persica: 1 - Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; 2 - Waza Kwah, Paktika; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lashkargah, Helmand. Mesalina watsonana: 1 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 2 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339112" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). 1 - Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia (2 May 2008), several adult individuals observed in semi-desert habitat; 2 - Waza Kwah, Paktika (6 December 2008), one adult individual in the arid habitat; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar (24 July 2009), adult, subadult and juvenile individuals ( ). 1 - Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia (2 May 2008), several adult individuals observed in semi-desert habitat; 2 - Waza Kwah, Paktika (6 December 2008), one adult individual in the arid habitat; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar (24 July 2009), adult, subadult and juvenile individuals (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Observed species of the Lacertidae family from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of Eremias aff. nigrocellata from Kaldar, Balkh; B - adult male and female of E. persica displaying mating behaviour and juveniles (C, D) from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; E, F - adult male and female of Mesalina watsonana from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339114" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure7"> <figureCitation id="9A6F24C343592F7332F6B49AD58CADB7" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Observed species of the Lacertidae family from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of Eremias aff. nigrocellata from Kaldar, Balkh; B - adult male and female of E. persica displaying mating behaviour and juveniles (C, D) from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; E, F - adult male and female of Mesalina watsonana from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339114" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure7">
Fig. 7 Fig. 7
<normalizedToken originalValue="B–D">B-D</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="6C886A5F2319074ACC2F68637469B436" originalValue="B–D">B-D</normalizedToken>
</figureCitation> </figureCitation>
) in the semi-desert habitat with bushes and burrows ( ) in the semi-desert habitat with bushes and burrows (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. View on selected localities from Afghanistan that were visited: A - habitat of Bufotes viridis complex and Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - stony, semi-desert habitat of Eremias aff. nigrocellata from Kaldar, Balkh; C - semi-desert habitat of Trapelus agilis from Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan; D - vicinity of small village Waza Kwah, Paktika as habitat of Testudo horsfieldii; E - desert habitat of Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; F - burrows in semi-desert habitat that were used by Eremias persica as a shelter, Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339117" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10">Fig. 10F</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="E990E8AAAFFB9C9E2F0DB73A315D4BCA" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. View on selected localities from Afghanistan that were visited: A - habitat of Bufotes viridis complex and Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - stony, semi-desert habitat of Eremias aff. nigrocellata from Kaldar, Balkh; C - semi-desert habitat of Trapelus agilis from Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan; D - vicinity of small village Waza Kwah, Paktika as habitat of Testudo horsfieldii; E - desert habitat of Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; F - burrows in semi-desert habitat that were used by Eremias persica as a shelter, Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339117" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10">Fig. 10F</figureCitation>
) near the runway; 4 - ) near the runway; 4 -
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lashkargāh">Lashkargah</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="679373E391F4454A3C7C1CFB7A58342A" originalValue="Lashkargāh">Lashkargah</normalizedToken>
, Helmand (3 September 2009), common species represented by adult and juvenile individuals in the semi-desert habitat. , Helmand (3 September 2009), common species represented by adult and juvenile individuals in the semi-desert habitat.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks"> <subSubSection id="363A33ABEAB96385A31BCBD9ABABAEAD" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph> <paragraph id="FDA0A659F5765CB27F06D07F66709F9C" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="362E4A5A0BCF04F8D27F9F708A9319D9" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
All our records represent new distribution data for the species in Afghanistan. Localities 1 and 2 are new provincial records. Observations from Kandahar are incorrectly described in All our records represent new distribution data for the species in Afghanistan. Localities 1 and 2 are new provincial records. Observations from Kandahar are incorrectly described in
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="5F175F20E98911A2C5117C00C3822D8E" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017</bibRefCitation>
; see pp. 32, 33) as ; see pp. 32, 33) as
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. fasciata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="fasciata"> <taxonomicName id="50AED182DDEE03B234D008A91181B5B0" lsidName="E. fasciata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="fasciata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">E. fasciata</emphasis> <emphasis id="A0E701498F811B4CB2347FA557CFA47D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">E. fasciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
(juvenile presented here in (juvenile presented here in
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Observed species of the Lacertidae family from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of Eremias aff. nigrocellata from Kaldar, Balkh; B - adult male and female of E. persica displaying mating behaviour and juveniles (C, D) from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; E, F - adult male and female of Mesalina watsonana from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339114" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure7">Fig. 7C</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="C72BD95422DEA73AB17D4C954A134C69" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Observed species of the Lacertidae family from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of Eremias aff. nigrocellata from Kaldar, Balkh; B - adult male and female of E. persica displaying mating behaviour and juveniles (C, D) from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; E, F - adult male and female of Mesalina watsonana from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339114" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure7">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
) and ) and
<taxonomicName genus="Acathodactylus" lsidName="Acathodactylus micropholis" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="micropholis"> <taxonomicName id="76A99444AFFA4B9A0A878B19D0E088D8" genus="Acathodactylus" lsidName="Acathodactylus micropholis" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="micropholis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Acathodactylus micropholis</emphasis> <emphasis id="29A8143E3899145FFF31A7808E50C3E2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Acathodactylus micropholis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
(adults and juvenile in (adults and juvenile in
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Observed species of the Lacertidae family from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of Eremias aff. nigrocellata from Kaldar, Balkh; B - adult male and female of E. persica displaying mating behaviour and juveniles (C, D) from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; E, F - adult male and female of Mesalina watsonana from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339114" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure7">Fig. 7B, D</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="12D856232BFA1CD21E8D19EEC064E6A4" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Observed species of the Lacertidae family from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of Eremias aff. nigrocellata from Kaldar, Balkh; B - adult male and female of E. persica displaying mating behaviour and juveniles (C, D) from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; E, F - adult male and female of Mesalina watsonana from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339114" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure7">Fig. 7B, D</figureCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412912" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EAA73B5C11EE5B01B62BA28F6CBA07BB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EAA73B5C11EE5B01B62BA28F6CBA07BB" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <treatment id="EAA73B5C11EE5B01B62BA28F6CBA07BB" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412912" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EAA73B5C11EE5B01B62BA28F6CBA07BB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EAA73B5C11EE5B01B62BA28F6CBA07BB" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" scope_class="Reptilia" scope_family="Colubridae" scope_order="Squamata">
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<taxonomicName LSID="EAA73B5C11EE5B01B62BA28F6CBA07BB" authority="Forskal, 1775" authorityName="Forskal" authorityYear="1775" class="Tubothalamea" family="Colubridae" genus="Psammophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psammophis schokari" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="schokari"> <taxonomicName id="ECA0E2079117DDF703FC83058273E42E" LSID="EAA73B5C11EE5B01B62BA28F6CBA07BB" authority="Forskal, 1775" authorityName="Forskal" authorityYear="1775" family="Colubridae" genus="Psammophis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psammophis schokari" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="schokari">
Psammophis schokari ( Psammophis schokari (
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, 1775) , 1775)
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph> <paragraph id="70446FA39C7DB65D12CEDB83AE099BF3" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph>
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This snake has a scattered distribution in Afghanistan and situated mainly in the southern and south-eastern regions (Farah, Helmand, Kandahar, Laghman, Nimroz, Wardak; This snake has a scattered distribution in Afghanistan and situated mainly in the southern and south-eastern regions (Farah, Helmand, Kandahar, Laghman, Nimroz, Wardak;
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="A3A2AE1437A7E285E90EBFD07A3D95B3" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
). ).
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph> <paragraph id="E978D35514CB31C82E8F04C138671A87" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph>
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( (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016; red dots: data of this study). Hemorrhois ravergieri: 1 - Jurm, Badakhshan; 2 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Spalerosophis diadema: 1 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Spin Boldak, Kandahar. Psammophis schokari: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339115" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure8">Fig. 8</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="EA8D398504707F66A80EC10845C94037" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016; red dots: data of this study). Hemorrhois ravergieri: 1 - Jurm, Badakhshan; 2 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Spalerosophis diadema: 1 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Spin Boldak, Kandahar. Psammophis schokari: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339115" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure8">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul (3 May 2011), one adult individual observed in the bushy semi-desert habitat of the camp. ). Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul (3 May 2011), one adult individual observed in the bushy semi-desert habitat of the camp.
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph> <paragraph id="7D8D759EE213AEDFB856DEA2799A4B7D" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="15EB597A439ABC6F8613F032CF5078BB" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
Our record is the first for Kabul province. The observation is correctly mentioned in Our record is the first for Kabul province. The observation is correctly mentioned in
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="078DE9D437FD8D3CA1AA1A6390487481" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017</bibRefCitation>
; pp. 44-45, photos of the specimen are from Saudi Arabia but low quality photos are available also from Kabul, see Suppl. material 1). ; pp. 44-45, photos of the specimen are from Saudi Arabia but low quality photos are available also from Kabul, see Suppl. material 1).
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="79D3197F393DD1EDCF8F84372F7A7F27" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<taxonomicName LSID="EBCD6C1720765C0196C222B7B2FA135D" authority="(Nikolsky, 1900) complex" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtopodion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtopodion agamuroides" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agamuroides">Cyrtopodion agamuroides (Nikolsky, 1900) complex</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="C53DE238AD63A09726BC0AB9F6925FBE" ID-CoL="33NB6" LSID="EBCD6C1720765C0196C222B7B2FA135D" authority="(Nikolsky, 1900) complex" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtopodion" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtopodion agamuroides" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="agamuroides">Cyrtopodion agamuroides (Nikolsky, 1900) complex</taxonomicName>
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="0816A39241C6F4FB276D528F5FD85D02" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph> <paragraph id="06E4B9D957DD1A485AF3A70FFB8E1844" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="1C54294E81A74E75BFF2CA6F5143049E" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
This species has never been recorded in the country ( This species has never been recorded in the country (
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="8759931917698505D457BF2901ACA3C5" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
). Although ). Although
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1" author="Smid, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="1 - 97" refId="B16" refString="Smid, J, Moravec, J, Kodym, P, Kratochvil, L, Hosseinian-Yousefkhani, SS, Rastegar-Pouyani, E, Frynta, D, 2014. Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855: 1 - 97" title="Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1" volume="3855" year="2014"> <bibRefCitation id="5BF5FAA3DB1FAA8FF123341590FB4EB5" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1" author="Smid, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="1 - 97" refId="B16" refString="Smid, J, Moravec, J, Kodym, P, Kratochvil, L, Hosseinian-Yousefkhani, SS, Rastegar-Pouyani, E, Frynta, D, 2014. Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855: 1 - 97" title="Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1" volume="3855" year="2014">
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et al. (2014) et al. (2014)
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mentioned its presence, they do not provide any reference or voucher specimen. On the other hand, this species is known from border areas of Iran and Pakistan ( mentioned its presence, they do not provide any reference or voucher specimen. On the other hand, this species is known from border areas of Iran and Pakistan (
<bibRefCitation author="Khan, MS" journalOrPublisher="Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida, USA" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B9" refString="Khan, MS, 2006. The amphibians and reptiles of Pakistan. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida, USA" title="The amphibians and reptiles of Pakistan." year="2006">Khan 2006</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="A22B421B20124104BBCBE4D97C548B47" author="Khan, MS" journalOrPublisher="Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida, USA" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B9" refString="Khan, MS, 2006. The amphibians and reptiles of Pakistan. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida, USA" title="The amphibians and reptiles of Pakistan." year="2006">Khan 2006</bibRefCitation>
; ;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1" author="Smid, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="1 - 97" refId="B16" refString="Smid, J, Moravec, J, Kodym, P, Kratochvil, L, Hosseinian-Yousefkhani, SS, Rastegar-Pouyani, E, Frynta, D, 2014. Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855: 1 - 97" title="Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1" volume="3855" year="2014"> <bibRefCitation id="55BBD41DDDA67B0BACE7358A4A64FC97" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1" author="Smid, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="1 - 97" refId="B16" refString="Smid, J, Moravec, J, Kodym, P, Kratochvil, L, Hosseinian-Yousefkhani, SS, Rastegar-Pouyani, E, Frynta, D, 2014. Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855: 1 - 97" title="Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1" volume="3855" year="2014">
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et al. 2014 et al. 2014
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; ;
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016 and Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex: Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (first country record; cf. Smid et al. 2014). Cyrtopodion scabrum: 1 - Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; 3 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 4 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Cyrtopodion watsoni: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Eremias nigrocellata: Kaldar, Balkh. Eremias persica: 1 - Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; 2 - Waza Kwah, Paktika; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lashkargah, Helmand. Mesalina watsonana: 1 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 2 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339112" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5">Fig. 5</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="CDA14DEA7E9999FABE74ED5F0FAB80E8" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016 and Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex: Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (first country record; cf. Smid et al. 2014). Cyrtopodion scabrum: 1 - Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; 3 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 4 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Cyrtopodion watsoni: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Eremias nigrocellata: Kaldar, Balkh. Eremias persica: 1 - Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; 2 - Waza Kwah, Paktika; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lashkargah, Helmand. Mesalina watsonana: 1 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 2 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339112" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
) and its occurrence in Afghanistan was highly expected ( ) and its occurrence in Afghanistan was highly expected (
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="F4EA111739D53DC3F58728DCE00B2EE8" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records"> <subSubSection id="1414B9E2EF4D53D97E2F40D91DBD8046" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph> <paragraph id="B8ABA17298BF6B68605A1C395441601E" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="4603B3CB1B2C593654B451CC64AAFD9E" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
( (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016 and Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex: Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (first country record; cf. Smid et al. 2014). Cyrtopodion scabrum: 1 - Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; 3 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 4 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Cyrtopodion watsoni: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Eremias nigrocellata: Kaldar, Balkh. Eremias persica: 1 - Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; 2 - Waza Kwah, Paktika; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lashkargah, Helmand. Mesalina watsonana: 1 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 2 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339112" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5">Fig. 5</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="6F20C0522E39F05963F9452EB7346556" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Wagner et al. 2016 and Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex: Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (first country record; cf. Smid et al. 2014). Cyrtopodion scabrum: 1 - Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; 3 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 4 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Cyrtopodion watsoni: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. Eremias nigrocellata: Kaldar, Balkh. Eremias persica: 1 - Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; 2 - Waza Kwah, Paktika; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lashkargah, Helmand. Mesalina watsonana: 1 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 2 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339112" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (16 June 2009), one subadult individual ( ). Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (16 June 2009), one subadult individual (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Observed species of the Gekkonidae family from Afghanistan: A - subadult individual of Altiphylax levitoni from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; B - juvenile individual of Cyrtopodion scabrum from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C, D - subadult individual of C. agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; E - adult individual of C. watsoni from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - adult individual of C. scabrum from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; G - adult individual of C. scabrum from Lashkargah, Helmand; H - adult individual of C. scabrum from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; I - adult individual of Tenuidactylus caspius from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339113" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6">Figs 6C and D</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="CE7BB9132FC9D9AB007C146DDFAA52D5" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Observed species of the Gekkonidae family from Afghanistan: A - subadult individual of Altiphylax levitoni from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; B - juvenile individual of Cyrtopodion scabrum from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C, D - subadult individual of C. agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; E - adult individual of C. watsoni from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - adult individual of C. scabrum from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; G - adult individual of C. scabrum from Lashkargah, Helmand; H - adult individual of C. scabrum from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; I - adult individual of Tenuidactylus caspius from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339113" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6">Figs 6C and D</figureCitation>
) found in desert habitat under waste ( ) found in desert habitat under waste (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. View on selected localities from Afghanistan that were visited: A - habitat of Bufotes viridis complex and Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - stony, semi-desert habitat of Eremias aff. nigrocellata from Kaldar, Balkh; C - semi-desert habitat of Trapelus agilis from Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan; D - vicinity of small village Waza Kwah, Paktika as habitat of Testudo horsfieldii; E - desert habitat of Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; F - burrows in semi-desert habitat that were used by Eremias persica as a shelter, Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339117" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10">Fig. 10E</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="F6F6C047AA5BD7417321C9652EBECBD9" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. View on selected localities from Afghanistan that were visited: A - habitat of Bufotes viridis complex and Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - stony, semi-desert habitat of Eremias aff. nigrocellata from Kaldar, Balkh; C - semi-desert habitat of Trapelus agilis from Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan; D - vicinity of small village Waza Kwah, Paktika as habitat of Testudo horsfieldii; E - desert habitat of Cyrtopodion agamuroides complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; F - burrows in semi-desert habitat that were used by Eremias persica as a shelter, Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339117" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure10">Fig. 10E</figureCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks"> <subSubSection id="C828D007D1F7DCA6B5AD74A78E657077" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph> <paragraph id="5FFDD655639DAA646756C7D92E3AB2F9" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="7AE1B66E5EF5CBE712F146EA8C836016" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
This is the first record of the species in Afghanistan, located approximately 250 airline km from the nearest locality in Iran (cf. This is the first record of the species in Afghanistan, located approximately 250 airline km from the nearest locality in Iran (cf.
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et al. 2014 et al. 2014
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). Given morphological variability and ecological similarity with other members of ). Given morphological variability and ecological similarity with other members of
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtopodion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtopodion" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus"> <taxonomicName id="C2734740FD913AACBD123ADC99FDEEA6" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtopodion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtopodion" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Cyrtopodion</emphasis> <emphasis id="67B929E4C8A30EC3D42C80AF762BDB23" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Cyrtopodion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
(see (see
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), this species probably forms a species complex that needs further examination. ), this species probably forms a species complex that needs further examination.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339112" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" start="Figure 5" startId="F5"> <caption id="9A873117C095972FD7301844AE297394" doi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339112" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="09F6C0D5EB9B618856828570D9F38CEF" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Figure 5.</emphasis> <emphasis id="82BF773CFDEDE4C0E8A1E44768402FB7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Figure 5.</emphasis>
Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots:
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="C6865A05EDCC320C6499720BD39B910A" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
and and
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.843.29420" author="Jablonski, D" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="129 - 147" refId="B8" refString="Jablonski, D, Urosevic, A, Andjelkovic, M, Dzukic, GD, 2019. An unknown collection of lizards from Afghanistan. ZooKeys 843: 129 - 147" title="An unknown collection of lizards from Afghanistan." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.843.29420" volume="843" year="2019">Jablonski et al. 2019</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="CBC722792220FA19AE9A1105782FCD79" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.843.29420" author="Jablonski, D" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="129 - 147" refId="B8" refString="Jablonski, D, Urosevic, A, Andjelkovic, M, Dzukic, GD, 2019. An unknown collection of lizards from Afghanistan. ZooKeys 843: 129 - 147" title="An unknown collection of lizards from Afghanistan." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.843.29420" volume="843" year="2019">Jablonski et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
; red dots: data of this study). ; red dots: data of this study).
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtopodion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtopodion agamuroides" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agamuroides"> <taxonomicName id="6AD61FC8B7CDD33D341CBA01A0F1D1E0" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtopodion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtopodion agamuroides" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agamuroides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Cyrtopodion agamuroides</emphasis> <emphasis id="EA28C58FAAF6674CFCD60B9CD6067032" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Cyrtopodion agamuroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
complex: Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (first country record; cf. complex: Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand (first country record; cf.
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et al. 2014 et al. 2014
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). ).
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtopodion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtopodion scabrum" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scabrum"> <taxonomicName id="83111EAD247781246E1FFB0C0E6CD5BB" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtopodion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtopodion scabrum" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scabrum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Cyrtopodion scabrum</emphasis> <emphasis id="5A780DF944EECB8C0FEF12CD600E9B89" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Cyrtopodion scabrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
: 1 - Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; 3 - : 1 - Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; 2 - Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; 3 -
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lashkargāh">Lashkargah</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="5578FE2D92E442A726E2D75AB3B7869E" originalValue="Lashkargāh">Lashkargah</normalizedToken>
, Helmand; 4 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. , Helmand; 4 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar.
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtopodion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtopodion watsoni" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="watsoni"> <taxonomicName id="B60B51A266A4AA5FA43AB4F926CBBA3B" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtopodion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtopodion watsoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="watsoni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Cyrtopodion watsoni</emphasis> <emphasis id="4AC0A9B48959EC2D2CC8180283FE9F7C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Cyrtopodion watsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
: Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul. : Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul.
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Eremias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremias nigrocellata" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigrocellata"> <taxonomicName id="42C20C9C5762382A13D8914A95452744" class="Squamata" family="Lacertidae" genus="Eremias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremias nigrocellata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigrocellata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Eremias nigrocellata</emphasis> <emphasis id="BD65B287159A4E919411FB6D2CFE7E91" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Eremias nigrocellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
: Kaldar, Balkh. : Kaldar, Balkh.
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Eremias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremias persica" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="persica"> <taxonomicName id="DC87D1CF3EE49291FA62C9243F0B0C1A" class="Squamata" family="Lacertidae" genus="Eremias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremias persica" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="persica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Eremias persica</emphasis> <emphasis id="776876085A7A2956233BF1D232793AFE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Eremias persica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
: 1 - Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; 2 - Waza Kwah, Paktika; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - : 1 - Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; 2 - Waza Kwah, Paktika; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 -
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, Helmand. , Helmand.
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Mesalina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mesalina watsonana" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="watsonana"> <taxonomicName id="830F2D9E1F4A81ED97B1A46DB4B4786D" class="Squamata" family="Lacertidae" genus="Mesalina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mesalina watsonana" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="watsonana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Mesalina watsonana</emphasis> <emphasis id="D8B7DF3941B8F371740796704D5E1CAF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Mesalina watsonana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
: 1 - : 1 -
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, Helmand; 2 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. , Helmand; 2 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339113" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" start="Figure 6" startId="F6"> <caption id="225D09386F986758A28F148F62D7A9EF" doi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339113" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="50DEDEE8ABC20862B1D0377F77822691" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Figure 6.</emphasis> <emphasis id="5AB4CFDA3414C094B5B40E875A17A986" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Figure 6.</emphasis>
Observed species of the Observed species of the
<taxonomicName family="Gekkonidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="family">Gekkonidae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="D2FA1A62D6F5EDF69DC8C02B928109D2" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Gekkonidae</taxonomicName>
family from Afghanistan: A - subadult individual of family from Afghanistan: A - subadult individual of
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Altiphylax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Altiphylax levitoni" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="levitoni"> <taxonomicName id="3FE3A5AAC5F3F9F36D1BADD6797219E5" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Altiphylax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Altiphylax levitoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="levitoni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Altiphylax levitoni</emphasis> <emphasis id="6FACF63DDBB8961ECA48D83B17A74AE4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Altiphylax levitoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; B - juvenile individual of from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; B - juvenile individual of
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtopodion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtopodion scabrum" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scabrum"> <taxonomicName id="87D8B0F9C5EB87DE4AACB43B2FF2B7C9" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtopodion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtopodion scabrum" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scabrum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Cyrtopodion scabrum</emphasis> <emphasis id="8357F35C89694E30C52EA8285D8961B5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Cyrtopodion scabrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C, D - subadult individual of from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C, D - subadult individual of
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. agamuroides" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="agamuroides"> <taxonomicName id="C9273CD6BB1C9C370BB47BCF15946104" lsidName="C. agamuroides" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="agamuroides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">C. agamuroides</emphasis> <emphasis id="AFC629FB6244D7946C29ECD92AAF7182" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">C. agamuroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; E - adult individual of complex from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; E - adult individual of
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. watsoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="watsoni"> <taxonomicName id="C5DD053832FC34B0DBCA7551482C28BD" lsidName="C. watsoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="watsoni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">C. watsoni</emphasis> <emphasis id="155824D3E2AE3ED9633B7D5B65B74BB1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">C. watsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - adult individual of from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - adult individual of
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. scabrum" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="scabrum"> <taxonomicName id="AFACF8DE5A9274797195E6221E3F5A41" lsidName="C. scabrum" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="scabrum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">C. scabrum</emphasis> <emphasis id="7348FF95EDD53289CF0FE709BF3E1285" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">C. scabrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; G - adult individual of from Darul Aman - Kabul, Kabul; G - adult individual of
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. scabrum" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="scabrum"> <taxonomicName id="C90D9432BCACBEF2589ACF4F4EDC4CD7" lsidName="C. scabrum" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="scabrum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">C. scabrum</emphasis> <emphasis id="B59E0F8E26AA81989781BE50607EECAE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">C. scabrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
from from
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, Helmand; H - adult individual of , Helmand; H - adult individual of
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. scabrum" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="scabrum"> <taxonomicName id="E3755527A51C135EE8007D8E0E758891" lsidName="C. scabrum" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="scabrum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">C. scabrum</emphasis> <emphasis id="C01485434DDBBADCB726786CEEE6E9D8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">C. scabrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; I - adult individual of from Camp Leatherneck, Washir, Helmand; I - adult individual of
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Tenuidactylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tenuidactylus caspius" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caspius"> <taxonomicName id="3A74C822A8F3299566604241A0BEBC1E" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Tenuidactylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tenuidactylus caspius" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caspius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Tenuidactylus caspius</emphasis> <emphasis id="F604871924CD6D7717DA4E3064B79840" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Tenuidactylus caspius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName> </taxonomicName>
from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh. from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh.
</paragraph> </paragraph>

164
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.148.1826</mods:url> <mods:url id="30AA8FB6CE02525ACABD6DDA80E44CEE">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.148.1826</mods:url>
</mods:location> </mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification> <mods:classification id="6E2033A98E8CF7D056AD584915856E53">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.148.1826</mods:identifier> <mods:identifier id="2134984AFAC0E545ED40D64A8197A54D" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.148.1826</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-148-55</mods:identifier> <mods:identifier id="1F281C5B6D81FA77CB8595E3E37F830D" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-148-55</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods> </mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032241" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ECF0F4D48C7B8BBFE4E7C31AAD2C15ED" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/ECF0F4D48C7B8BBFE4E7C31AAD2C15ED" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="3" pageNumber="58"> <treatment id="ECF0F4D48C7B8BBFE4E7C31AAD2C15ED" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032241" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ECF0F4D48C7B8BBFE4E7C31AAD2C15ED" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/ECF0F4D48C7B8BBFE4E7C31AAD2C15ED" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" scope_family="Rhinotermitidae" scope_infraOrder="Isoptera">
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature"> <subSubSection id="4BC5B18F64C6C3BA2DF594714E9751E9" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="58"> <paragraph id="D621FDEBE310E90C059B46D6CFEDE6E4" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Coptotermes_elisae" authority="Desneux, 1905" authorityName="Desneux" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes elisae" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elisae">Coptotermes elisae (Desneux, 1905)</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="73EFF5B1788D1D0FAD367A16FB4EA533" ID-CoL="Y8HW" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Coptotermes_elisae" authority="Desneux, 1905" authorityName="Desneux" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes elisae" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elisae">Coptotermes elisae (Desneux, 1905)</taxonomicName>
Figs 5-930 Figs 5-930
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="reference_group"> <subSubSection id="67BFD3209EB9B2A87BB5281EB95A9B51" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="58"> <paragraph id="07F36A5B49EE49EFA8D937C5076C7455" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="8184B4AB6354682990C7E50A7C07835C" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termes</taxonomicName>
( (
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coptotermes</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="F9E6E5BAE3AAC29222899E0289B0CBA6" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coptotermes</taxonomicName>
) Elisae ) Elisae
<bibRefCitation author="Desneux, J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="367 - 377" title="Isoptera of New Guinea collected by L. Biro." volume="3" year="1905">Desneux 1905</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="8A8C57430C4DC39F6D9AE5B1565D10A5" author="Desneux, J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="367 - 377" title="Isoptera of New Guinea collected by L. Biro." volume="3" year="1905">Desneux 1905</bibRefCitation>
: 368. : 368.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="58"> <paragraph id="91B2B26AB58CE1E42111044383C3F868" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes (Elisae)" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Elisae">Coptotermes Elisae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="111D5A26162CB54C633E86E2E353E2E2" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes (Elisae)" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Elisae">Coptotermes Elisae</taxonomicName>
Desneux. Desneux.
<bibRefCitation author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="452 - 465" title="Neu-Guinea-Termiten." volume="5" year="1911 a">Holmgren 1911a</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="7FD683BAB92707A006B69C1E6AF452F8" author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="452 - 465" title="Neu-Guinea-Termiten." volume="5" year="1911 a">Holmgren 1911a</bibRefCitation>
: 456. : 456.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="58"> <paragraph id="B3CCAA4E96935D6961D899E8FF64066E" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes hyaloapex" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hyaloapex">Coptotermes hyaloapex</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="C8774A8D84CCB4204DC53A24E95A19A2" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes hyaloapex" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hyaloapex">Coptotermes hyaloapex</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="452 - 465" title="Neu-Guinea-Termiten." volume="5" year="1911 a">Holmgren 1911a</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="2766136776C372B711C85AC90A53D41C" author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="452 - 465" title="Neu-Guinea-Termiten." volume="5" year="1911 a">Holmgren 1911a</bibRefCitation>
: 457 (synonymized by : 457 (synonymized by
<bibRefCitation author="Gay, FJ" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Insects" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="421 - 423" title="The synonymy, distribution, and biology of Coptotermes elisae (Desneux)." volume="5" year="1963">Gay 1963</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="17C8F8D73C8FC975403A4E9D261BFAF7" author="Gay, FJ" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Insects" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="421 - 423" title="The synonymy, distribution, and biology of Coptotermes elisae (Desneux)." volume="5" year="1963">Gay 1963</bibRefCitation>
: 421-423). : 421-423).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="material examined"> <subSubSection id="79E0D5CABB28FE20C9D20B7FD5FDC615" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Material examined.</paragraph> <paragraph id="93768A14D0576186CC6FC344FAB7D52E" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="3" pageNumber="58"> <paragraph id="1238C17757E2EB4DE24EB42FC219C1B0" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
Syntypes:PAPUA NEW GUINEA:Morobe: Simbang, 12.ix.1898 (L. Syntypes:PAPUA NEW GUINEA:Morobe: Simbang, 12.ix.1898 (L.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Biró">Biro</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="1EBA758F3EE9EB75AD25BC992AA4267E" originalValue="Biró">Biro</normalizedToken>
), alates only (IRSNB). Other material.PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Madang: Laing Island, 28.xi.1978 (JMP), with queen and alate (#PNGT22); Laing Island, 11.vi.1987 (YR), with alates (#PNGT1101); Laing Island, 24.viii.1988 (YR), nest within fallen ), alates only (IRSNB). Other material.PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Madang: Laing Island, 28.xi.1978 (JMP), with queen and alate (#PNGT22); Laing Island, 11.vi.1987 (YR), with alates (#PNGT1101); Laing Island, 24.viii.1988 (YR), nest within fallen
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Fringillidae" genus="Erythrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Erythrina" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Erythrina</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="A90FD0C506E2B925F6C13DF995562A75" class="Aves" family="Fringillidae" genus="Erythrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Erythrina" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Erythrina</taxonomicName>
tree (#PNGT1260); Manam Island, 23.vi.1981 (JMP), feeding on live tree (#PNGT101); tree (#PNGT1260); Manam Island, 23.vi.1981 (JMP), feeding on live tree (#PNGT101);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bogia–Josephstaal">Bogia-Josephstaal</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="87000239178685D058017A2F734DFD1F" originalValue="Bogia–Josephstaal">Bogia-Josephstaal</normalizedToken>
road, 10 km S Guam bridge, 26.vi.1984 (YR) (#PNGT711); Hansa Point, 22.viii.1984 (YR) (#PNGT785): Awar, 16.ix.1984 (YR) (#PNGT831); Tabele (Manam Island), 19.ix.1984 (YR), in decaying palm (#PNGT839); Sepen No.1, 01.iii.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1164); Baitabag, v.1999 and 17.x.1999 (L. road, 10 km S Guam bridge, 26.vi.1984 (YR) (#PNGT711); Hansa Point, 22.viii.1984 (YR) (#PNGT785): Awar, 16.ix.1984 (YR) (#PNGT831); Tabele (Manam Island), 19.ix.1984 (YR), in decaying palm (#PNGT839); Sepen No.1, 01.iii.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1164); Baitabag, v.1999 and 17.x.1999 (L.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Čižek">Cizek</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="9013A391D3355F92109F7BBA8C106CAC" originalValue="Čižek">Cizek</normalizedToken>
) (#7, #15, J. ) (#7, #15, J.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Šobotník’s">Sobotnik's</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="18D61E2970D6C4FF0BDC7F49D74B1A41" originalValue="Šobotník’s">Sobotnik's</normalizedToken>
collection). Morobe: Sirasira, 14.v.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1213); Bulolo, 22.v.1987 (YR), in dead hoop pine ( collection). Morobe: Sirasira, 14.v.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1213); Bulolo, 22.v.1987 (YR), in dead hoop pine (
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Araucaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Araucaria cunninghammi" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cunninghammi">Araucaria cunninghammi</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="ED68560E1252EE40E54C8869850D564C" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Araucaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Araucaria cunninghammi" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cunninghammi">Araucaria cunninghammi</taxonomicName>
) trunk on the ground (#PNGT1080); Central: Brown River forest, 15.xi.1962 (AE), from dead branch on forest floor (AMNH); Brown River, 21.xi.1962 (AE), from standing dead stump in forest (AMNH); 24 km NE Port Moresby, 23.xi.1962 (AE), covered galleries over large surface of live tree, with hole to heart wood (AMNH); Subitana plantation, 24.xi.1962 (AE), from standing dead rubber tree in mature grove (AMNH); Sogeri, 15.vii.1984 (YR), in dead liana along tree trunk in small patch of forest (#PNGT740); Sogeri, 23.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT1005); Oro: Kokoda, 13.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT952); Kokoda, 17.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT981); Koiasi, 14.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT959); New Ireland: Konos, 29.v.1984 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT624); Sandaun: Yapsiei, 10.iii.1994 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1733 &amp; 1734); Fly: Morehead, 25.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1447); Wipim, 01.iv.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1509); Tabubil, 20.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1541); Lake Murray, 24.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1582); Lake Murray, ) trunk on the ground (#PNGT1080); Central: Brown River forest, 15.xi.1962 (AE), from dead branch on forest floor (AMNH); Brown River, 21.xi.1962 (AE), from standing dead stump in forest (AMNH); 24 km NE Port Moresby, 23.xi.1962 (AE), covered galleries over large surface of live tree, with hole to heart wood (AMNH); Subitana plantation, 24.xi.1962 (AE), from standing dead rubber tree in mature grove (AMNH); Sogeri, 15.vii.1984 (YR), in dead liana along tree trunk in small patch of forest (#PNGT740); Sogeri, 23.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT1005); Oro: Kokoda, 13.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT952); Kokoda, 17.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT981); Koiasi, 14.iii.1985 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT959); New Ireland: Konos, 29.v.1984 (JMP &amp; YR) (#PNGT624); Sandaun: Yapsiei, 10.iii.1994 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1733 &amp; 1734); Fly: Morehead, 25.iii.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1447); Wipim, 01.iv.1989 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1509); Tabubil, 20.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1541); Lake Murray, 24.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1582); Lake Murray,
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="59" start="start">25</pageBreakToken> <pageBreakToken id="596F88E9D5D4B02C683F48850809CA53" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" start="start">25</pageBreakToken>
.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML), with queen (#PNGT1589); Nomad, 29.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1609); Nomad, 31.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1624); Nomad, 01.vi.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1637); Southern Highlands: Pimaga, alt. 950m, 18.x.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1316); INDONESIA:Papua: Road Nabire-Mapia km 43, 26.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT171); Road Nabire-Mapia km 62, 18.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT72, 73); Coa, 22.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT123); Kaimana, 23.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT140). .v.1990 (YR &amp; ML), with queen (#PNGT1589); Nomad, 29.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1609); Nomad, 31.v.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1624); Nomad, 01.vi.1990 (YR &amp; ML) (#PNGT1637); Southern Highlands: Pimaga, alt. 950m, 18.x.1988 (YR) (#PNGT1316); INDONESIA:Papua: Road Nabire-Mapia km 43, 26.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT171); Road Nabire-Mapia km 62, 18.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT72, 73); Coa, 22.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT123); Kaimana, 23.xi.1995 (YR) (#IRJT140).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="59"> <caption id="984767CBEFA13DF11BC1715A21AE712C" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="59"> <paragraph id="81292F7786BD5E969A4EDD4D451E2FFD" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">
Figures 5-9. Figures 5-9.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes elisae" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elisae">Coptotermes elisae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="667DC97EB04CA3E5F7AE3D0D8A11064D" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes elisae" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elisae">Coptotermes elisae</taxonomicName>
. Imago: 5 head and pronotum. Soldier: 6 left mandible; 7 right mandible; 8 pronotum; 9 head. Scale bars: 5, 9: 0.5mm; 6, 7, 8: 0.2mm. . Imago: 5 head and pronotum. Soldier: 6 left mandible; 7 right mandible; 8 pronotum; 9 head. Scale bars: 5, 9: 0.5mm; 6, 7, 8: 0.2mm.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="59" type="imago"> <subSubSection id="9DEE1ED729283E981F58D90F086315B1" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" type="imago">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Imago.</paragraph> <paragraph id="66637B86D8AA60C9DB50F2A36F522E46" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Imago.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="59">(Fig. 5).Head rounded and densely hairy. Large eyes. Pronotum wide and elongated, covered by numerous setae of medium and large size. Antennae with 20 to 22 articles. Measurements (mm) of 8 imagoes from the type colony and 4 imagoes from one other colony (between parentheses): TBL: 8.27-8.99 (7.81-8.12); HLC: 1.53-1.87 (1.48-1.62); HWE: 1.84-1.96 (1.79-1.81); PL: 1.04-1.12 (1.02-1.07); PW: 1.63-1.70 (1.59-1.61); FWL: n.a. (13-13.2); ED: 0.45-0.50 (0.45-0.5).</paragraph> <paragraph id="90FC705DD19F6BBE8875D19B2D73BD11" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">(Fig. 5).Head rounded and densely hairy. Large eyes. Pronotum wide and elongated, covered by numerous setae of medium and large size. Antennae with 20 to 22 articles. Measurements (mm) of 8 imagoes from the type colony and 4 imagoes from one other colony (between parentheses): TBL: 8.27-8.99 (7.81-8.12); HLC: 1.53-1.87 (1.48-1.62); HWE: 1.84-1.96 (1.79-1.81); PL: 1.04-1.12 (1.02-1.07); PW: 1.63-1.70 (1.59-1.61); FWL: n.a. (13-13.2); ED: 0.45-0.50 (0.45-0.5).</paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" type="soldier"> <subSubSection id="91F5DFCAC67B660CBD43CB8ABE5D391D" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" type="soldier">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Soldier.</paragraph> <paragraph id="DE8722C325B977026811D18EF3016C7E" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Soldier.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="4" pageNumber="59"> <paragraph id="BCB772B65371647929B251BB49BC3621" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">
(Figs 6-9).Soldiers of large size. Head rounded, covered by about 40 setae. Fontanelle large, with opening well visible from above. Antennae generally with (Figs 6-9).Soldiers of large size. Head rounded, covered by about 40 setae. Fontanelle large, with opening well visible from above. Antennae generally with
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="60" start="start">16</pageBreakToken> <pageBreakToken id="EA1E05A3B5244FE7F19C790BAB1EA170" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" start="start">16</pageBreakToken>
articles. Pronotum elongated, covered by about 70 setae mainly located on the edges. Mesonotum, metanotum and abdomen bearing plenty of setae. Mandibles with tips extremely curved. Measurements (mm) of 99 soldiers from 33 colonies: HLF: 1.11-1.47; HLL: 1.70-2.20; HW: 1.21-1.54; PL: 0.38-0.64; PW: 0.77-1.03; RML: 0.97-1.20; MPW: 0.30-0.49; T3L: 1.05-1.34. articles. Pronotum elongated, covered by about 70 setae mainly located on the edges. Mesonotum, metanotum and abdomen bearing plenty of setae. Mandibles with tips extremely curved. Measurements (mm) of 99 soldiers from 33 colonies: HLF: 1.11-1.47; HLL: 1.70-2.20; HW: 1.21-1.54; PL: 0.38-0.64; PW: 0.77-1.03; RML: 0.97-1.20; MPW: 0.30-0.49; T3L: 1.05-1.34.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="60" type="comparisons"> <subSubSection id="BEA1893184B82FD3207A22F1205D70C8" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" type="comparisons">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Comparisons.</paragraph> <paragraph id="B01CE9F09FACC294B6310375588677CE" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Comparisons.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="60"> <paragraph id="5C09939AC780F76A505DD8E6115C6286" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes elisae" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elisae">Coptotermes elisae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="7C0D977308490AEAFE3FB228B8EBC64E" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes elisae" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elisae">Coptotermes elisae</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from other New Guinean species by its large rounded head with fontanelle opening well visible from above, its strongly curved mandibles and elongated pronotum in the soldier caste. can be distinguished from other New Guinean species by its large rounded head with fontanelle opening well visible from above, its strongly curved mandibles and elongated pronotum in the soldier caste.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="60" type="distribution"> <subSubSection id="6A8C65BF3A88D3BB2F24968ADCD299A6" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Distribution.</paragraph> <paragraph id="1C1B0741D525FCA640361C383C3D6FCB" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="60"> <paragraph id="B2F903DA84AA29046ECDBA4091981528" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
(Fig. 30).This species is widespread in New Guinean forests. It also occurs in New Ireland. It has also been reported from the following localities, but the relevant material was not examined: Bukaua (as (Fig. 30).This species is widespread in New Guinean forests. It also occurs in New Ireland. It has also been reported from the following localities, but the relevant material was not examined: Bukaua (as
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes hyaloapex" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hyaloapex">Coptotermes hyaloapex</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="117463363CA94072342DE32568F2699D" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptotermes hyaloapex" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hyaloapex">Coptotermes hyaloapex</taxonomicName>
: :
<bibRefCitation author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="452 - 465" title="Neu-Guinea-Termiten." volume="5" year="1911 a">Holmgren 1911a</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="103C748BB8605EE44FB6351398169596" author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="452 - 465" title="Neu-Guinea-Termiten." volume="5" year="1911 a">Holmgren 1911a</bibRefCitation>
), Popondetta ( ), Popondetta (
<bibRefCitation author="Gay, FJ" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Insects" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="421 - 423" title="The synonymy, distribution, and biology of Coptotermes elisae (Desneux)." volume="5" year="1963">Gay 1963</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="3DB94A729F862606048F4C962D56F6F9" author="Gay, FJ" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Insects" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="421 - 423" title="The synonymy, distribution, and biology of Coptotermes elisae (Desneux)." volume="5" year="1963">Gay 1963</bibRefCitation>
). According to ). According to
<bibRefCitation author="Gathorne-Hardy, FJ" journalOrPublisher="The Sarawak Museum Journal" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="89 - 133" title="The termites of Sundaland: a taxonomic review." volume="60" year="2004">Gathorne-Hardy (2004)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="4B4617CFC4556CF14FC106F6EA0C62E3" author="Gathorne-Hardy, FJ" journalOrPublisher="The Sarawak Museum Journal" pageId="29" pageNumber="84" pagination="89 - 133" title="The termites of Sundaland: a taxonomic review." volume="60" year="2004">Gathorne-Hardy (2004)</bibRefCitation>
, it is present from Peninsular Malaysia throughout Sundaland. , it is present from Peninsular Malaysia throughout Sundaland.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="60" type="termitophiles"> <subSubSection id="8D67DAD02FBF8B3B1BC541189DD09944" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" type="termitophiles">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Termitophiles.</paragraph> <paragraph id="33F502FCF0E6BC52B6885FFCF75B0742" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Termitophiles.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="60"> <paragraph id="1F3CFF5FE4B3582E0EDF2FD0A02C3575" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Coptophysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptophysa obesa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obesa">Coptophysa obesa</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="7706E1BDEAB4DE5C7E7BE68FB7CF7EFE" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Coptophysa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptophysa obesa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obesa">Coptophysa obesa</taxonomicName>
( (
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Coleoptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coleoptera" order="Malvales" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Coleoptera</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="68A783E23C251053253E573C03E8EE67" genus="Coleoptera" lsidName="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" rank="genus">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
: :
<taxonomicName family="Staphylinidae" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" rank="family">Staphylinidae</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="B0F4DC06DA2C98281B15A2AE69E95D5B" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Staphylinidae</taxonomicName>
) was found in colony #PNGT740 of this species in Sogeri ( ) was found in colony #PNGT740 of this species in Sogeri (
<bibRefCitation author="Roisin, Y" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique (Entomologie)" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="179 - 184" title="Coptophysa and Coptophysella, two new genera of physogastric termitophilous staphylinids associated with Coptotermes in Papua New Guinea (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)." volume="60" year="1990">Roisin and Pasteels 1990</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="D7306D41484CF88FFD3DF2EB877D3437" author="Roisin, Y" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique (Entomologie)" pageId="30" pageNumber="85" pagination="179 - 184" title="Coptophysa and Coptophysella, two new genera of physogastric termitophilous staphylinids associated with Coptotermes in Papua New Guinea (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)." volume="60" year="1990">Roisin and Pasteels 1990</bibRefCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>

154
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<taxonomicName LSID="FC43A51FB5455A05B750E3E3821BBE7E" authority="Olivier, 1804" authorityName="Olivier" authorityYear="1804" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Trapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trapelus agilis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agilis">Trapelus agilis (Olivier, 1804)</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="FCD7934C80AF300A9F147F3134C1B0EB" ID-CoL="7CMP9" LSID="FC43A51FB5455A05B750E3E3821BBE7E" authority="Olivier, 1804" authorityName="Olivier" authorityYear="1804" family="Agamidae" genus="Trapelus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trapelus agilis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="agilis">Trapelus agilis (Olivier, 1804)</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph> <paragraph id="F748EE40FE22B09D9ED4DB0ABC1D779A" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph>
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Distribution of this species in the country is well known compared to other herpetofauna. It is known from provinces Badakhshan, Badgis, Farah, Faryab, Ghazni, Helmand, Herat, Jowzjan, Kabul, Kandahar, Takhar and Zabul ( Distribution of this species in the country is well known compared to other herpetofauna. It is known from provinces Badakhshan, Badgis, Farah, Faryab, Ghazni, Helmand, Herat, Jowzjan, Kabul, Kandahar, Takhar and Zabul (
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). The following localities, presented by ). The following localities, presented by
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; p. 479-480), are not georeferenced in their study and are missing in the presented map: &quot; ; p. 479-480), are not georeferenced in their study and are missing in the presented map: &quot;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Dahlah (MZLU L958/3239)</emphasis> <emphasis id="75D0310C4A0879DF747535D706E894F8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Dahlah (MZLU L958/3239)</emphasis>
&quot;, &quot; &quot;, &quot;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Faisabad, Kobt af indjodle (ZMUC R-36149)</emphasis> <emphasis id="388BB4BD2459E8201EFF4BB2B299CF48" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Faisabad, Kobt af indjodle (ZMUC R-36149)</emphasis>
&quot;, &quot; &quot;, &quot;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">nr Tarnak River, 75 km NE of Kandahar (CAS 90777)</emphasis> <emphasis id="BC1ADD97AE7C437DBC5CE6A6BE05F99E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">nr Tarnak River, 75 km NE of Kandahar (CAS 90777)</emphasis>
&quot;, &quot; &quot;, &quot;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">nr Tarnak River, 90 km NE of Kandahar (CAS 90765-66)</emphasis> <emphasis id="81F76B2B2E1BCDC08D8192880B70E99A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">nr Tarnak River, 90 km NE of Kandahar (CAS 90765-66)</emphasis>
&quot;, &quot; &quot;, &quot;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Uden Merke (ZMUC R-36156)</emphasis> <emphasis id="CA94305A0D05E1D692A599EF616BB0E5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Uden Merke (ZMUC R-36156)</emphasis>
&quot;. The geographically different but unclear localities &quot; &quot;. The geographically different but unclear localities &quot;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Seistan [Faizabad Prov.</emphasis> <emphasis id="A4C311371E9149A867318E12FFAF49B3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Seistan [Faizabad Prov.</emphasis>
]&quot; and &quot; ]&quot; and &quot;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Seistan [Baqrabad Prov.</emphasis> <emphasis id="B333ADF982E6AE15CB7B5E5529C6EEB1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Seistan [Baqrabad Prov.</emphasis>
]&quot;, for which ]&quot;, for which
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="452E61C2426967A6E207F287EB6BDE2A" author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
used the same coordinates located in western Afghanistan, are omitted here. used the same coordinates located in western Afghanistan, are omitted here.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records"> <subSubSection id="1B0C767C08B55B065565D90B3BBDB079" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph> <paragraph id="11EDB1171BF4386572F3C0776D909A15" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="FDC1A3D9CA7B6934C60C22688C84E9D2" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
( (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: data of Buchroithner, 1981; Wagner et al. 2016; Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Bufotes viridis complex (including species B. oblongus, B. baturae / pseudoraddei, B. turanensis and B. zugmayeri presented by Wagner et al. 2016): 1 - Dehdadi, Balkh; 2 - Nahr Shahi, Balkh; 3 - Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 4 - Arga Queshlaq, Badakhshan; 5 - Broghil Pass, Badakhshan; 6 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 7 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis: Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Testudo horsfieldii: 1 - Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; 2 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 3 - Waza Kwah, Paktika. Phrynocephalus mystaceus: Shor Tepah, Balkh. Trapelus agilis: 1 - Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 2 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 5 - Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan. Trapelus megalonyx: 1 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 2 - Gardez, Gardez Base, Paktia." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339109" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="E7F2E832B460ED5F7B509F1C1E6413EE" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: data of Buchroithner, 1981; Wagner et al. 2016; Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Bufotes viridis complex (including species B. oblongus, B. baturae / pseudoraddei, B. turanensis and B. zugmayeri presented by Wagner et al. 2016): 1 - Dehdadi, Balkh; 2 - Nahr Shahi, Balkh; 3 - Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 4 - Arga Queshlaq, Badakhshan; 5 - Broghil Pass, Badakhshan; 6 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 7 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis: Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Testudo horsfieldii: 1 - Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; 2 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 3 - Waza Kwah, Paktika. Phrynocephalus mystaceus: Shor Tepah, Balkh. Trapelus agilis: 1 - Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 2 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 5 - Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan. Trapelus megalonyx: 1 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 2 - Gardez, Gardez Base, Paktia." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339109" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). 1 - Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh (1 October 2010), one adult individual observed in the bushy habitat in the camp; 2 - ). 1 - Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh (1 October 2010), one adult individual observed in the bushy habitat in the camp; 2 -
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lashkargāh">Lashkargah</normalizedToken> <normalizedToken id="EEC572E0C86B6B47E476E200DE3F9603" originalValue="Lashkargāh">Lashkargah</normalizedToken>
, Helmand (3 September 2009), several adult and juvenile individuals ( , Helmand (3 September 2009), several adult and juvenile individuals (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Observed species of Dicroglossidae, Testudinidae and Agamidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individuals of Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - adult individual of Testudo horsfieldii from Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; C - adult individual of Phrynocephalus mystaceus from Shor Tepah, Balkh; D - juvenile individual of Trapelus agilis from Lashkargah, Helmand; E - adult male of T. agilis from Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; F, G - adult and subadult males of T. agilis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; H - adult male of T. aff. megalonyx from Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; I - adult individual of T. aff. megalonyx from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339111" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4">Fig. 4D</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="833F773C840810A1344D6258FD392369" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Observed species of Dicroglossidae, Testudinidae and Agamidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individuals of Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - adult individual of Testudo horsfieldii from Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; C - adult individual of Phrynocephalus mystaceus from Shor Tepah, Balkh; D - juvenile individual of Trapelus agilis from Lashkargah, Helmand; E - adult male of T. agilis from Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; F, G - adult and subadult males of T. agilis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; H - adult male of T. aff. megalonyx from Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; I - adult individual of T. aff. megalonyx from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339111" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
) observed in the semi-arid habitat; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar (6 March 2009), several adult and subadult individuals ( ) observed in the semi-arid habitat; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar (6 March 2009), several adult and subadult individuals (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Observed species of Dicroglossidae, Testudinidae and Agamidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individuals of Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - adult individual of Testudo horsfieldii from Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; C - adult individual of Phrynocephalus mystaceus from Shor Tepah, Balkh; D - juvenile individual of Trapelus agilis from Lashkargah, Helmand; E - adult male of T. agilis from Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; F, G - adult and subadult males of T. agilis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; H - adult male of T. aff. megalonyx from Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; I - adult individual of T. aff. megalonyx from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339111" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4">Fig. 4F, G</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="15D91443E314CE1C82B953241823A2A5" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Observed species of Dicroglossidae, Testudinidae and Agamidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individuals of Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - adult individual of Testudo horsfieldii from Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; C - adult individual of Phrynocephalus mystaceus from Shor Tepah, Balkh; D - juvenile individual of Trapelus agilis from Lashkargah, Helmand; E - adult male of T. agilis from Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; F, G - adult and subadult males of T. agilis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; H - adult male of T. aff. megalonyx from Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; I - adult individual of T. aff. megalonyx from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339111" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4">Fig. 4F, G</figureCitation>
) observed in the desert habitat with bushes near runway; 4 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul (18 May 2009); ten individuals ( ) observed in the desert habitat with bushes near runway; 4 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul (18 May 2009); ten individuals (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Observed species of Dicroglossidae, Testudinidae and Agamidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individuals of Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - adult individual of Testudo horsfieldii from Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; C - adult individual of Phrynocephalus mystaceus from Shor Tepah, Balkh; D - juvenile individual of Trapelus agilis from Lashkargah, Helmand; E - adult male of T. agilis from Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; F, G - adult and subadult males of T. agilis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; H - adult male of T. aff. megalonyx from Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; I - adult individual of T. aff. megalonyx from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339111" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4">Fig. 4E</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="625D33037183319E79DA8F009B12C8E5" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Observed species of Dicroglossidae, Testudinidae and Agamidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individuals of Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; B - adult individual of Testudo horsfieldii from Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; C - adult individual of Phrynocephalus mystaceus from Shor Tepah, Balkh; D - juvenile individual of Trapelus agilis from Lashkargah, Helmand; E - adult male of T. agilis from Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; F, G - adult and subadult males of T. agilis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; H - adult male of T. aff. megalonyx from Gardez Base, Gardez, Paktia; I - adult individual of T. aff. megalonyx from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339111" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure4">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
) observed in the semi-desert habitat; 5 - Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan (16 October 2008), several adult, subadult and juvenile individuals observed in the rocky habitat. ) observed in the semi-desert habitat; 5 - Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan (16 October 2008), several adult, subadult and juvenile individuals observed in the rocky habitat.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks"> <subSubSection id="88DA83CFFFB6014066F8C0D3A2926844" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph> <paragraph id="4619EEBFE6F3C1D0DD3C5ACD4EEC9D7D" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177"> <paragraph id="F09E76C9C97B65C0A23C94BA1D441B83" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
All records presented here represent new locality data for the species in Afghanistan. Localities 1 and 5 represent new provincial records ( All records presented here represent new locality data for the species in Afghanistan. Localities 1 and 5 represent new provincial records (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: data of Buchroithner, 1981; Wagner et al. 2016; Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Bufotes viridis complex (including species B. oblongus, B. baturae / pseudoraddei, B. turanensis and B. zugmayeri presented by Wagner et al. 2016): 1 - Dehdadi, Balkh; 2 - Nahr Shahi, Balkh; 3 - Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 4 - Arga Queshlaq, Badakhshan; 5 - Broghil Pass, Badakhshan; 6 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 7 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis: Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Testudo horsfieldii: 1 - Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; 2 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 3 - Waza Kwah, Paktika. Phrynocephalus mystaceus: Shor Tepah, Balkh. Trapelus agilis: 1 - Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 2 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 5 - Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan. Trapelus megalonyx: 1 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 2 - Gardez, Gardez Base, Paktia." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339109" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="7FDBA044632DFDBE5C8C97DBDB0DABE2" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Updated herpetofaunistic records from Afghanistan (white dots: data of Buchroithner, 1981; Wagner et al. 2016; Jablonski et al. 2019; red dots: data of this study). Bufotes viridis complex (including species B. oblongus, B. baturae / pseudoraddei, B. turanensis and B. zugmayeri presented by Wagner et al. 2016): 1 - Dehdadi, Balkh; 2 - Nahr Shahi, Balkh; 3 - Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 4 - Arga Queshlaq, Badakhshan; 5 - Broghil Pass, Badakhshan; 6 - Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; 7 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis: Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar. Testudo horsfieldii: 1 - Pol-e-Khomri, Baghlan; 2 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 3 - Waza Kwah, Paktika. Phrynocephalus mystaceus: Shor Tepah, Balkh. Trapelus agilis: 1 - Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; 2 - Lashkargah, Helmand; 3 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 4 - Lagman Base, Qalat, Zabul; 5 - Tarin Kowt, Uruzgan. Trapelus megalonyx: 1 - Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; 2 - Gardez, Gardez Base, Paktia." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339109" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). ).
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017)</bibRefCitation> <bibRefCitation id="3DE10AE313CA8935ACE0BFAB270EE476" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017)</bibRefCitation>
presents this species on pp. 16-20. The individual from page 18 is presented here as presents this species on pp. 16-20. The individual from page 18 is presented here as
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Trapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trapelus megalonyx" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megalonyx">Trapelus aff. megalonyx</taxonomicName> <taxonomicName id="87BDD5E4813498B90BD15B0A79C6149E" class="Squamata" family="Agamidae" genus="Trapelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trapelus megalonyx" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megalonyx">Trapelus aff. megalonyx</taxonomicName>
(see below). (see below).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>