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<document id="594959DA04DD8C4017D85705AB32F414" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.345.2.6" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725594504677" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Joshi, Santosh, Upreti, Dalip K., Bawingan, Paulina A. &amp; Hur, Jae-Seoun" docDate="2018" docId="232B321F6A08FF84FF717FB6A288E1E5" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.345.2.6.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 345 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.345.2.6" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Thelotrema megasporum S. Joshi, Upreti &amp; Hur 2018, spec. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="157" masterDocId="DF124A676A0CFF81FFF97C0EA659E354" masterDocTitle="New species in the family Graphidaceae (Ascomycota: Ostropales) from the Philippines" masterLastPageNumber="158" masterPageNumber="152" pageNumber="156" updateTime="1725603160568" updateUser="GgImagineBatch" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="CCDE54D6DEEF6EE5B3B7EFD6AD785AC3" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="32C8014F92E411CC5EC3F4B4E7C64781">
<mods:title id="FED850A0D4239D678215F572DDC41484">New species in the family Graphidaceae (Ascomycota: Ostropales) from the Philippines</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="B6ABB01403BD186364C8A9BA4FF5AAFA" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="382F639C7F3AEF900FD71ADE428CEE4E">Joshi, Santosh</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="0A6C7E37E0A123BD30048CBE0AF78EAA">Lichenology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow (UP) - 226001</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="4AF06D9B4B4ECF12B21EA975B023A548">Upreti, Dalip K.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6B15EA906AB782DC852D5BF3FD712443">Lichenology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow (UP) - 226001</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="3D74858282A31F410F7A70DB28ACF8FB">Bawingan, Paulina A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="199A8EBF1D55F422E79553B340623222">Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, 2600 Baguio City, Philippines</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="DF891CD08FD66A8082C8D2AA32C7A2A9">
<mods:roleTerm id="3E7F0AF3F08C3803B60F7555C8E4F452">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="535C459DDEE91AF93D63C68952CBEE5F">Hur, Jae-Seoun</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="36BFD7CF92FED4EE0737C30340FBEAAD">Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University, Suncheon- 540 - 950, South Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="78A2A7A3C6F3A89FEEF4C2FC92970D19">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="EC6E57E8993ABB3D7C3618013649DC2A">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="408ADB71E7FD4D9C017B8D9C792035E6">
<mods:date id="E657DB20B8FE19EDA3441FD1EB6A8A48">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0F54BEC1C3899EEDEB6AE41F2C74A96F">2018-03-23</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="ADEDAF01855E0734BC30F7D75C7B26D3" type="volume">
<mods:number id="A78621414F7F9A7553001C29ACD781F7">345</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E36603F7E9C893B1936FDEDC633C62B0">2</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="E05510D219862D686F3FC3A970FB3144" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.345.2.6</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="160108BE324D9AE9A5DE798F902E322D" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="232B321F6A08FF84FF717FB6A288E1E5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:232B321F6A08FF84FF717FB6A288E1E5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/232B321F6A08FF84FF717FB6A288E1E5" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="157" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">
<subSubSection id="E398D0826A08FF85FF717FB6A73BE0A7" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A08FF85FF717FB6A5F5E085" blockId="4.[136,940,952,977]" box="[136,940,952,977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">
<heading id="F07534656A08FF85FF717FB6A5F5E085" box="[136,940,952,977]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FF717FB6A4F7E085" ID-CoL="B38CC" authority="S. Joshi, Upreti &amp; Hur" authorityName="S. Joshi, Upreti &amp; Hur" authorityYear="2018" box="[136,686,952,977]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thelotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="megasporum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FF717FB6A7F3E085" bold="true" box="[136,426,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Thelotrema megasporum</emphasis>
S. Joshi, Upreti &amp; Hur
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FD4D7FB6A57BE085" box="[692,802,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="82C5E2606A08FF85FD4D7FB6A57BE085" box="[692,802,952,977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="33B99F8C6A08FF85FCC97FB6A5FDE085" box="[816,932,952,977]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[136,245,1984,2009]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,746,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-256@5.[151,1436,746,1959]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Thelotrema megasporum (holotype). A. Habit. B. Apothecia. C. Section through apothecia showing free and hyaline to reddish brown excipulum. D. Ascospores. Scales: A–B = 1 mm, C = 500 μm, D = 100 μm." pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Fig 3A–D</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A08FF85FF717FD0A73BE0A7" blockId="4.[136,1452,990,1155]" box="[136,354,990,1011]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Mycobank MB824346</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E398D0826A08FF85FF71780CA432E76F" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" type="description">
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A08FF85FF71780CA432E76F" blockId="4.[136,1452,990,1155]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">
Resembles
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FF0F780CA797E743" box="[246,462,1026,1047]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thelotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="thesaurum">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FF0F780CA797E743" box="[246,462,1026,1047]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Thelotrema thesaurum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but differs in having 1-spored asci and much larger ascospores (145.8–330 × 35–44.5 μm vs 60–120(– 130) × 20–30 μm in
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FE7D7828A404E76F" box="[388,605,1062,1083]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thelotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="thesaurum">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FE7D7828A404E76F" box="[388,605,1062,1083]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Thelotrema thesaurum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E398D0826A08FF85FF717844A712E591" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A08FF85FF717844A4AEE7D7" blockId="4.[136,1452,990,1155]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FF717844A683E70B" bold="true" box="[136,218,1098,1119]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Type:—</emphasis>
The
<collectingCountry id="D395C3996A08FF85FEFF7844A72CE70B" box="[262,373,1098,1119]" name="Philippines" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Philippines</collectingCountry>
. IIocos Norte: Luzón Island, Adams, Mt. Mabolo,
<geoCoordinate id="CEB6E5CE6A08FF85FCA47844A5B7E70B" box="[861,1006,1098,1119]" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" precision="1" seconds="13.4" value="18.453724">18°27’13.4’’ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="CEB6E5CE6A08FF85FC007844A2CDE70B" box="[1017,1172,1098,1119]" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" precision="1" seconds="45.9" value="120.91275">120°54’45.9’’ E</geoCoordinate>
, alt.
<quantity id="6C7A2EEC6A08FF85FB3B7844A35BE70B" box="[1218,1282,1098,1119]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.61" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" unit="m" value="361.0">361 m</quantity>
, on bark,
<date id="DF3CA5C96A08FF85FA987844A6B6E7D7" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" value="2015-01">January 2015</date>
,
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FF007860A46CE7D7" box="[249,565,1134,1155]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FF007860A7B7E7D7" authority="A. Bawingan PH" authorityName="A. Bawingan PH" box="[249,494,1134,1155]" class="Globothalamea" family="Ceratobuliminidae" genus="Paulina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Robertinida" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">Paulina A. Bawingan PH</taxonomicName>
150051
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="74393DAB6A08FF85FDBB7860A4C2E7D7" box="[578,667,1134,1155]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
: KoLRI).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A08FF85FF7178BAA4F4E66D" blockId="4.[136,1452,1204,2093]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Thallus corticolous, crustose, brownish to yellowish-brown, waxy, glossy, continuous, verruculose, undulate (due to bark texture), hard, 300–400 μm thick; cortex distinct 50–60 μm thick; photobiont trentepohlioid, algal layer embedded with large crystals at the base, 50–90 μm thick; medulla white, mostly embedded with large crystals and periderm cells, up to 250 μm thick; prothallus dark brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A08FF85FF44794AA404E529" blockId="4.[136,1452,1204,2093]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">
Apothecia porinoid, sessile, barrel-shaped, numerous, dispersed,
<quantity id="6C7A2EEC6A08FF85FC51794AA244E609" box="[936,1053,1348,1373]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1 mm</quantity>
diam. and
<quantity id="6C7A2EEC6A08FF85FB5A794AA374E609" box="[1187,1325,1348,1373]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" unit="mm" value="0.7" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.6">0.6–0.8 mm</quantity>
high; pore widely open,
<quantity id="6C7A2EEC6A08FF85FEE67966A7FCE6D5" box="[287,421,1384,1409]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" unit="mm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.3 mm</quantity>
diam.; disc flesh colored, mostly covered by proper exciple, white pruinose; thalline exciple distinct, entire, eroded, whitish apically, embedded with periderm cells, 140–170 μm thick; proper exciple hyaline, free, separated from the thalline exciple by a narrow split (double margin), 30–70 μm thick, internally lined by 50–70 μm long distinct periphysoids; epihymenium granular, crystalline, ± greyish, indistinct to 15–20 μm high; hymenium hyaline, clear (lacking oil-droplets), 300–500 μm high; paraphyses unbranched, parallel, 1–2 μm thick; subhymenium indistinct; asci clavate, 1-spored, (290.2–)295.5−321.7−347.9(–350) × (40−)40.7−42.7–44.7(–45) μm (
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FADD7A12A36BE561" box="[1316,1330,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">n</emphasis>
=32), non-amyloid; ascospores hyaline, fusiform, muticelled, muriform, (145.8–)221.1−273.4−325.7(–330) × (35−)36.6−39.5– 42.4(–44.5) μm (
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FEB17A6AA70FE529" box="[328,342,1636,1661]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">n</emphasis>
=32) μm, non-amyloid.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A08FF85FF447A86A712E591" blockId="4.[136,1452,1204,2093]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FF447A86A738E5F5" bold="true" box="[189,353,1672,1697]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Chemistry:—</emphasis>
K+ yellow,
<collectionCode id="CD931BCC6A08FF85FE1D7A86A450E5F5" box="[484,521,1672,1697]" country="Netherlands" name="Dutch Plant Protection Service, Culture Collection of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">PD</collectionCode>
+ yellow, C–; stictic acid associated with traces of cryptostictic and constictic acids detected by TLC.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E398D0826A08FF85FF447ADEA263E5BD" box="[189,1082,1744,1769]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A08FF85FF447ADEA263E5BD" blockId="4.[136,1452,1204,2093]" box="[189,1082,1744,1769]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FF447ADEA73DE5BD" bold="true" box="[189,356,1744,1769]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Etymology:—</emphasis>
The epithet is named after the large ascospores of the new taxon.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E398D0826A08FF85FF447AFAA569E42D" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A08FF85FF447AFAA569E42D" blockId="4.[136,1452,1204,2093]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FF447AFAA454E459" bold="true" box="[189,525,1780,1805]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Distribution and Ecology:—</emphasis>
The new species was found only at the
<typeStatus id="74393DAB6A08FF85FC467AFAA5B6E459" box="[959,1007,1780,1805]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">type</typeStatus>
locality in the
<collectingCountry id="D395C3996A08FF85FB6D7AFAA34CE459" box="[1172,1301,1780,1805]" name="Philippines" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Philippines</collectingCountry>
, where it was growing luxuriantly with
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FE5C7B16A5C1E465" authority="(Ach.) A. Massal." authorityName="A. Massal." baseAuthorityName="Ach." box="[421,920,1816,1841]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Leucodecton" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="compunctum">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FE5C7B16A493E465" box="[421,714,1816,1841]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Leucodecton compunctum</emphasis>
(Ach.) A. Massal.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FC5B7B16A357E465" authority="Mull. Arg." authorityName="Mull. Arg." box="[930,1294,1816,1841]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Ramalinaceae" genus="Phyllopsora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="albicans">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FC5B7B16A2C8E465" box="[930,1169,1816,1841]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Phyllopsora albicans</emphasis>
Müll. Arg.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FAE07B16A49CE401" authority="(Kremp.) Rivas Plata &amp; Lumbsch" authorityName="Rivas Plata &amp; Lumbsch" baseAuthorityName="Kremp." class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Glaucotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="glaucophaenum">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FAE07B16A762E401" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Glaucotrema glaucophaenum</emphasis>
(Kremp.) Rivas Plata &amp; Lumbsch
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FD2B7B32A2D1E401" authority="(Mont.) Hale" authorityName="Hale" baseAuthorityName="Mont." box="[722,1160,1852,1877]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Myriotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="microporum">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FD2B7B32A5B1E401" box="[722,1000,1852,1877]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Myriotrema microporum</emphasis>
(Mont.) Hale
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FB6D7B32A744E42D" authority="(Mont.) Hale" authorityName="Hale" baseAuthorityName="Mont." class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Ocellularia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="massalongoi">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FB6D7B32A3F5E401" box="[1172,1452,1852,1877]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Ocellularia massalongoi</emphasis>
(Mont.) Hale
</taxonomicName>
, and a number of unidentified
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FD8D7B6EA569E42D" box="[628,816,1888,1913]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Graphis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FD8D7B6EA489E42D" box="[628,720,1888,1913]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Graphis</emphasis>
species.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E398D0826A08FF84FF447B8AA288E1E5" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="157" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A08FF84FF447B8AA69AE389" blockId="4.[136,1452,1204,2093]" lastBlockId="5.[136,1452,160,689]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="157" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FF447B8AA716E4C9" bold="true" box="[189,335,1924,1949]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Remarks:—</emphasis>
The new species is characterized by a thick, brownish colored thallus containing stictic acid, sessile, barrel-shaped apothecia with double margins, hyaline proper exciple internally lined by periphysoids, 1-spored asci and hyaline, muriform, large, non-amyloid ascospores.
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FD3C7BC2A587E4B1" authorityName="S. Joshi, Upreti &amp; Hur" authorityYear="2018" box="[709,990,1996,2021]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thelotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="megasporum">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FD3C7BC2A587E4B1" box="[709,990,1996,2021]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Thelotrema megasporum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FB577BC2A6B4EB5D" authority="Mangold" authorityName="Mangold" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thelotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="thesaurum">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FB577BC2A3F2E4B1" box="[1198,1451,1996,2021]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Thelotrema thesaurum</emphasis>
Mangold
</taxonomicName>
in having a verrucose, thick, waxy thallus that is pale olivaceous to yellowish-brown, containing the stictic acid chemosyndrome, sessile apothecia and muriform, hyaline, non-amyloid ascospores. However, the latter species produces (4–)6–8-spored asci with smaller ascospores measuring 60–120(–130) × 20–30 μm (
<bibRefCitation id="CF13FEF86A09FF84FB407CAEA6EEE389" author="Mangold, A. &amp; Elix, J. A. &amp; Lumbsch, H. T." pageId="5" pageNumber="157" pagination="653 - 659" refId="ref3952" refString="Mangold, A., Elix, J. A. &amp; Lumbsch, H. T. (2009) Thelotremataceae. In: McCarthy, P. M. Flora of Australia Volume 57. Lichens 5. ABRS and CSIRO Publishing, Canberra and Melbourne, pp. 195 - 420, 653 - 659." type="book chapter" year="2009">
Mangold
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A09FF84FAD07CAEA33AE3ED" box="[1321,1379,160,185]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">et al.</emphasis>
2009: 404
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A09FF84FF447CE6A481E2C5" blockId="5.[136,1452,160,689]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A09FF84FF447CE6A441E255" authority="Hale" authorityName="Hale" box="[189,536,232,257]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thelotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="conferendum">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A09FF84FF447CE6A780E255" box="[189,473,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">Thelotrema conferendum</emphasis>
Hale
</taxonomicName>
is close to the new taxon in having hyaline and muriform ascospores, and the presence of stictic acid in the thallus, but differs in containing distinctly amyloid ascospores, which are smaller (100– 150 μm long) (
<bibRefCitation id="CF13FEF86A09FF84FECA7D3EA42AE21D" author="Rivas Plata, E. &amp; Lucking, R. &amp; Sipman, H. J. M. &amp; Mangold, A. &amp; Kalb, K. &amp; Lumbsch, H. T." box="[307,627,304,329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" pagination="139 - 185" refId="ref4298" refString="Rivas Plata, E., Lucking, R., Sipman, H. J. M., Mangold, A., Kalb, K. &amp; Lumbsch, H. T. (2010) A worldwide key to the thelotremoid Graphidaceae, excluding the Ocellularia-Myriotrema-Stegobolous clade. Lichenologist 42: 139 - 185. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0024282909990491" type="journal article" year="2010">
Rivas Plata
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A09FF84FE457D3EA7ACE21D" box="[444,501,304,329]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">et al.</emphasis>
2010: 175
</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A09FF84FD7E7D3EA5E4E21D" authority="Nyl." authorityName="Nyl." box="[647,957,304,329]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thelotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="rugulatum">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A09FF84FD7E7D3EA5DDE21D" box="[647,900,304,329]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">Thelotrema rugulatum</emphasis>
Nyl.
</taxonomicName>
is similar in having a verrucose thallus and muriform, hyaline, non-amyloid ascospores (220 × 45 μm), but clearly separated from the new species in lacking secondary compounds (
<bibRefCitation id="CF13FEF86A09FF84FE697D76A495E2C5" author="Rivas Plata, E. &amp; Lucking, R. &amp; Sipman, H. J. M. &amp; Mangold, A. &amp; Kalb, K. &amp; Lumbsch, H. T." box="[400,716,376,401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" pagination="139 - 185" refId="ref4298" refString="Rivas Plata, E., Lucking, R., Sipman, H. J. M., Mangold, A., Kalb, K. &amp; Lumbsch, H. T. (2010) A worldwide key to the thelotremoid Graphidaceae, excluding the Ocellularia-Myriotrema-Stegobolous clade. Lichenologist 42: 139 - 185. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0024282909990491" type="journal article" year="2010">
Rivas Plata
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A09FF84FDE17D76A409E2C5" box="[536,592,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">et al.</emphasis>
2010: 176
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A09FF84FF447D92A379E13D" blockId="5.[136,1452,160,689]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">
The presence of a dense cortex and stictic acid in the new taxon resembles species accommodated in the recently revived genus
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A09FF84FED07DCEA4C1E28D" authority="Leighton (1870: 163)" authorityName="Leighton" authorityPageNumber="163" authorityYear="1870" box="[297,664,448,473]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Asteristion" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A09FF84FED07DCEA7FBE28D" box="[297,418,448,473]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">Asteristion</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CF13FEF86A09FF84FE517DCEA4C1E28D" author="Leighton, W. A." box="[424,664,448,473]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" pagination="161 - 185" refId="ref3700" refString="Leighton, W. A. (1870) The Lichens of Ceylon, collected by G. H. K. Thwaites. Transactions of the Linnean Society, London 27: 161 - 185. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1870. tb 00210. x" type="journal article" year="1870">Leighton (1870: 163)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, which however, differs in having small ascospores (up to 60 μm long) (
<bibRefCitation id="CF13FEF86A09FF84FF697DEAA7C7E2A9" author="Medeiros, I. D. &amp; Kraichak, E. &amp; Lucking, R. &amp; Mangold, A. &amp; Lumbsch, H. T." box="[144,414,484,509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref4076" refString="Medeiros, I. D., Kraichak, E., Lucking, R., Mangold, A. &amp; Lumbsch, H. T. (2017) Assembling a taxonomic monograph of tribe Wirthiotremateae (lichenized Ascomycota: Ostropales: Graphidaceae). Fieldiana, Life and Earth Sciences 9: 1 - 31. https: // doi. org / 10.3158 / 2158 - 5520 - 16.9.1" type="journal article" year="2017">
Medeiros
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A09FF84FEFD7DEAA764E2A9" box="[260,317,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">et al.</emphasis>
2017: 5
</bibRefCitation>
). The new species is comparable to
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A09FF84FCC47DEAA749E175" authority="(Mull. Arg.) I. Medeiros, Lucking &amp; Lumbsch" authorityName="I. Medeiros, Lucking &amp; Lumbsch" baseAuthorityName="Mull. Arg." class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Asteristion" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cupulare">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A09FF84FCC47DEAA27BE2A9" box="[829,1058,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">Asteristion cupulare</emphasis>
(Müll. Arg.) I. Medeiros, Lücking &amp; Lumbsch
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A09FF84FEB77E06A447E175" box="[334,542,520,545]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">A. leucopthalmum</emphasis>
(Müll. Arg.) I. Medeiros, Lücking &amp; Lumbsch in producing apothecia with a double margin, as well as hyaline muriform, non-amyloid ascospores, but the latter two species differ in having small ascospores measuring 15–30 × 5–10 μm and 30–60 × 10–15 μm, respectively (
<bibRefCitation id="CF13FEF86A09FF84FC027E5EA34AE13D" author="Medeiros, I. D. &amp; Kraichak, E. &amp; Lucking, R. &amp; Mangold, A. &amp; Lumbsch, H. T." box="[1019,1299,592,617]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref4076" refString="Medeiros, I. D., Kraichak, E., Lucking, R., Mangold, A. &amp; Lumbsch, H. T. (2017) Assembling a taxonomic monograph of tribe Wirthiotremateae (lichenized Ascomycota: Ostropales: Graphidaceae). Fieldiana, Life and Earth Sciences 9: 1 - 31. https: // doi. org / 10.3158 / 2158 - 5520 - 16.9.1" type="journal article" year="2017">
Medeiros
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A09FF84FB977E5EA2FFE13D" box="[1134,1190,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">et al.</emphasis>
2017: 10
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A09FF84FF447E7AA288E1E5" blockId="5.[136,1452,160,689]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A09FF84FF447E7AA414E1D9" bold="true" box="[189,589,628,653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">Additional specimen examined:—</emphasis>
The
<collectingCountry id="D395C3996A09FF84FD857E7AA4A7E1D9" box="[636,766,628,653]" name="Philippines" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">Philippines</collectingCountry>
. IIocos Norte: Luzón Island,Adams, Mt. Mabolo,
<geoCoordinate id="CEB6E5CE6A09FF84FAE67E7AA6C6E1E5" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" precision="1" seconds="13.6" value="18.45378">18°27’13.6’’ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="CEB6E5CE6A09FF84FF537E96A707E1E5" box="[170,350,664,689]" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" precision="1" seconds="45.1" value="120.91253">120°54’45.1’’ E</geoCoordinate>
, alt.
<quantity id="6C7A2EEC6A09FF84FE6D7E96A784E1E5" box="[404,477,664,689]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.53" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" unit="m" value="353.0">353 m</quantity>
, on bark,
<date id="DF3CA5C96A09FF84FDB57E96A4BCE1E5" box="[588,741,664,689]" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" value="2015-01">January 2015</date>
,
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A09FF84FD097E96A238E1E5" box="[752,1121,664,689]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="157">
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A09FF84FD097E96A254E1E5" authority="A. Bawingan PH" authorityName="A. Bawingan PH" box="[752,1037,664,689]" class="Globothalamea" family="Ceratobuliminidae" genus="Paulina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Robertinida" pageId="5" pageNumber="157" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">Paulina A. Bawingan PH</taxonomicName>
150056
</emphasis>
(KoLRI).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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238
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<mods:title id="2779A1606CE11A868DBC6816F68357F4">New species in the family Graphidaceae (Ascomycota: Ostropales) from the Philippines</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FF717CF8A736E25B" bold="true" box="[136,367,246,271]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Thalloloma nitidum</emphasis>
S. Joshi, Upreti &amp; Hur
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<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FD807CF8A4BEE25B" box="[633,743,246,271]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">
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(
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)
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A0DFF80FF717D12A73BE265" blockId="1.[136,1452,284,413]" box="[136,354,284,305]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Mycobank MB824344</paragraph>
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Differs from
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<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FEFF7D4EA47CE201" box="[262,549,320,341]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Thalloloma rubromarginatum</emphasis>
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in lacking isohypocrelline along lirellae.
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E398D0826A0DFF80FF717D6AA477E027" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A0DFF80FF717D6AA289E2C9" blockId="1.[136,1452,284,413]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FF717D6AA683E22D" bold="true" box="[136,218,356,377]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Type:—</emphasis>
THE
<collectingCountry id="D395C3996A0DFF80FEF77D6AA7C6E22D" box="[270,415,356,377]" name="Philippines" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">PHILIPPINES</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="69464DEB6A0DFF80FE5E7D6AA41AE22D" box="[423,579,356,377]" country="Philippines" name="Ifugao" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Ifugao province</collectingRegion>
: Luzón Island, Banaue, Aparngao, Banaue ethnic village and pine forest resort, alt.
<quantity id="6C7A2EEC6A0DFF80FAA47D6AA3F1E22D" box="[1373,1448,356,377]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.453" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" unit="m" value="1453.0">1453 m</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="CEB6E5CE6A0DFF80FF447D86A717E2C9" box="[189,334,392,413]" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="56" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" precision="1" seconds="52.6" value="16.947943">16°56’52.6’’ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="CEB6E5CE6A0DFF80FEA07D86A7B1E2C9" box="[345,488,392,413]" degrees="121" direction="east" minutes="3" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" precision="1" seconds="18.9" value="121.05525">121°3’18.9’’ E</geoCoordinate>
, on bark,
<date id="DF3CA5C96A0DFF80FDBF7D86A490E2C9" box="[582,713,392,413]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" value="2015-01">January 2015</date>
,
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FD2A7D86A257E2C9" box="[723,1038,392,413]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A0DFF80FD2A7D86A59EE2C9" authority="A. Bawingan PH" authorityName="A. Bawingan PH" box="[723,967,392,413]" class="Globothalamea" family="Ceratobuliminidae" genus="Paulina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Robertinida" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">Paulina A. Bawingan PH</taxonomicName>
150184
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="74393DAB6A0DFF80FBE27D86A22DE2C9" box="[1051,1140,392,413]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
: KoLRI).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A0DFF80FF717DC0A28FE15F" blockId="1.[136,1452,462,1603]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Thallus corticolous, crustose, ecorticate, glossy, tightly adpressed to the substratum, off-white to creamish-white, 100–120 μm thick; photobiont trentepohlioid; medulla white crystalline, partially endoperidermal.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A0DFF80FF447E18A732E07F" blockId="1.[136,1452,462,1603]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">
Apothecia lirellate, short to long, stellately or irregularly branched, 1–1.2 ×
<quantity id="6C7A2EEC6A0DFF80FBF07E18A2F9E17B" box="[1033,1184,534,559]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" unit="mm" value="0.09" valueMax="0.1" valueMin="0.08">0.08–0.1 mm</quantity>
; disc exposed, brown to dark brown, sometimes thinly white pruinose; thalline margin, thin, persistent at the base in mature apothecia, up to 100 μm thick; proper exciple indistinct to absent; epihymenium brown, granular, 10–15 μm high; hymenium hyaline, clear (lacking oil-droplets), 100–160 μm high, with thick walled and gelatinous, 4–6 μm thick paraphyses, usually amyloid below epihymenium; subhymenium hyaline, 30–60 μm high; asci clavate, 8-spored, (100–)101−120.4−139.8(–150) × (25−)24.8−27.9–31(–32) μm (
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FE247EC4A7B2E1B7" box="[477,491,714,739]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">n</emphasis>
=10), non-amyloid; ascospores ellipsoidal, hyaline, muriform (10–15 transverse septa and 1–2 vertical septa), (30–)37−37.3−37.8(–42) × (10−)10.8−12.6–14.4(–15) μm (
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FBAA7EE0A238E053" box="[1107,1121,750,775]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">n</emphasis>
=66), with gelatinous sheath (halonate), amyloid.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A0DFF80FF447F38A477E027" blockId="1.[136,1452,462,1603]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FF447F38A738E01B" bold="true" box="[189,353,822,847]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Chemistry:—</emphasis>
K+ yellow turning red,
<collectionCode id="CD931BCC6A0DFF80FD987F38A4DFE01B" box="[609,646,822,847]" country="Netherlands" name="Dutch Plant Protection Service, Culture Collection of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">PD</collectionCode>
+ yellow, C–; norstictic acid associated with traces of stictic, cryptostictic and constictic acids detected by TLC.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E398D0826A0DFF80FF447F70A2FEE0C3" box="[189,1191,894,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A0DFF80FF447F70A2FEE0C3" blockId="1.[136,1452,462,1603]" box="[189,1191,894,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FF447F70A73DE0C3" bold="true" box="[189,356,894,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Etymology:—</emphasis>
The specific epithet reflects the bright and glossy thallus of the new taxon.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E398D0826A0DFF80FF447FACA2D7E757" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A0DFF80FF447FACA2D7E757" blockId="1.[136,1452,462,1603]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FF447FACA452E0EF" bold="true" box="[189,523,930,955]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Distribution and Ecology:—</emphasis>
The new taxon is known only from the
<typeStatus id="74393DAB6A0DFF80FC4C7FACA5BCE0EF" box="[949,997,930,955]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">type</typeStatus>
locality at higher elevation in association with
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A0DFF80FF3A7FC8A4A2E08B" authority="(Pers.) Staiger &amp; Kalb" authorityName="Staiger &amp; Kalb" baseAuthorityName="Pers." box="[195,763,966,991]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Diorygma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="hieroglyphicum">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FF3A7FC8A7B4E08B" box="[195,493,966,991]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Diorygma hieroglyphicum</emphasis>
(Pers.) Staiger &amp; Kalb
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A0DFF80FCF07FC8A272E08B" authority="Vain." authorityName="Vain." box="[777,1067,966,991]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Graphis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="dracaenae">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FCF07FC8A5BDE08B" box="[777,996,966,991]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Graphis dracaenae</emphasis>
Vain.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A0DFF80FBC17FC8A69BE757" authority="C. Knight &amp; Mitt." authorityName="C. Knight &amp; Mitt." class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Fissurina" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="insidiosa">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FBC17FC8A34BE08B" box="[1080,1298,966,991]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Fissurina insidiosa</emphasis>
C. Knight &amp; Mitt.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A0DFF80FF347FE4A425E757" authority="(Mont.) Hale" authorityName="Hale" baseAuthorityName="Mont." box="[205,636,1002,1027]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Myriotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="microporum">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FF347FE4A7BBE757" box="[205,482,1002,1027]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Myriotrema microporum</emphasis>
(Mont.) Hale
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A0DFF80FD4B7FE4A5C3E757" box="[690,922,1002,1027]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Pliariona" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="montagnei">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FD4B7FE4A5C3E757" box="[690,922,1002,1027]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Pliariona montagnei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(v. d. Bosch) Massal.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E398D0826A0DFF80FF447800A430E517" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A0DFF80FF447800A2BFE683" blockId="1.[136,1452,462,1603]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FF447800A716E773" bold="true" box="[189,335,1038,1063]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Remarks:—</emphasis>
The new species is characterized by an ecorticate, shiny, thin, off-white to creamish-white thallus, stellately branched lirellae with wide exposed brown disc, mostly covered by a very thin layer of white pruina, 8-spored asci, distinctly halonate, 30–42 × 10–15 μm, muriform ascospores and the presence of norstictic acid with traces of stictic acid and relatives. Norstictic acid is rare in the genus and hitherto found in two species:
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A0DFF80FBA47874A47CE7E3" authority="Mercado-Diaz, Lucking &amp; Parnmen" authorityName="Mercado-Diaz, Lucking &amp; Parnmen" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thalloloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="rubromarginatum">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FBA47874A3F5E7C7" box="[1117,1452,1146,1171]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Thalloloma rubromarginatum</emphasis>
Mercado-Díaz, Lücking &amp; Parnmen
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A0DFF80FD997890A556E7E3" box="[608,783,1182,1207]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thalloloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ochroleucum">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FD997890A556E7E3" box="[608,783,1182,1207]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">T. ochroleucum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Z-F. Jia &amp; Kalb.
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A0DFF80FC197890A36BE7E3" box="[992,1330,1182,1207]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thalloloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="rubromarginatum">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FC197890A36BE7E3" box="[992,1330,1182,1207]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Thalloloma rubromarginatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles new taxon in producing a smooth, shiny off-white thallus, stellately branched lirellae, 8-spored asci producing (sub-)muriform ascospores, but differs in having the dark red pigment isohypocrelline along the lirellae, epruinose disc, and the absence of stictic acid. Further, the ascospores of the former species are comparatively smaller (15–20 × 6–8 μm vs. 30–42 × 10–15 μm in
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A0DFF80FE207920A4EEE613" authorityName="S. Joshi, Upreti &amp; Hur" authorityYear="2018" box="[473,695,1326,1351]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thalloloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="nitidum">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FE207920A4EEE613" box="[473,695,1326,1351]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Thalloloma nitidum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) in size (
<bibRefCitation id="CF13FEF86A0DFF80FCE67920A226E613" author="Mercado-Diaz, J. A. &amp; Lucking, R. &amp; Parnmen, S." box="[799,1151,1326,1351]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" pagination="186 - 203" refId="ref4011" refString="Mercado-Diaz, J. A., Lucking, R. &amp; Parnmen, S. (2014) Two new genera and twelve new species of Graphidaceae from Puerto Rico: a case for higher endemism of lichenized fungi in islands of the Caribbean. Phytotaxa 189: 186 - 203. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 189.1.14" type="journal article" year="2014">
Mercado-Díaz
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FC307920A25BE613" box="[969,1026,1326,1351]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">et al.</emphasis>
2014: 200
</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A0DFF80FB6B7920A3F2E613" box="[1170,1451,1326,1351]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thalloloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ochroleucum">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FB6B7920A3F2E613" box="[1170,1451,1326,1351]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Thalloloma ochroleucum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also has a white tinged adpressed thallus resembling the new species, but differs in containing transversely septate ascospores (
<bibRefCitation id="CF13FEF86A0DFF80FEF67978A45BE6DB" author="Jia, F-Z. &amp; Kalb, K." box="[271,514,1398,1423]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" pagination="113 - 115" refId="ref3657" refString="Jia, F-Z. &amp; Kalb, K. (2014) Thalloloma ochroleucum (Graphidaceae), a new species from Guizhou, China. Mycotaxon 128: 113 - 115. https: // doi. org / 10.5248 / 128.113" type="journal article" year="2014">Jia &amp; Kalb 2014: 114</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A0DFF80FDED7978A257E6DB" authority="Dal-Forno &amp; Eliasaro" authorityName="Dal-Forno &amp; Eliasaro" box="[532,1038,1398,1423]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thalloloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="pontalense">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FDED7978A54CE6DB" box="[532,789,1398,1423]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Thalloloma pontalense</emphasis>
Dal-Forno &amp; Eliasaro
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A0DFF80FBBB7978A373E6DB" authority="Staiger" authorityName="Staiger" box="[1090,1322,1398,1423]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thalloloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="halonatum">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FBBB7978A28CE6DB" box="[1090,1237,1398,1423]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">T. halonatum</emphasis>
Staiger
</taxonomicName>
are the two other species which are close to the new species in thallus color and ascospores size, but differ chemically in producing stictic acid and protocetraric acid, respectively (
<bibRefCitation id="CF13FEF86A0DFF80FD5979B0A535E683" author="Staiger, B." box="[672,876,1470,1495]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" pagination="1 - 526" refId="ref4421" refString="Staiger, B. (2002) Die Flechtenfamilie Graphidaceae. Studien in Richtung einer naturlicheren Gliederung. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 85: 1 - 526." type="journal article" year="2002">Staiger 2002: 435</bibRefCitation>
; Dal-Forno &amp; Eliasaro 2010: 18).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A0DFF80FF4479ECA430E517" blockId="1.[136,1452,462,1603]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FF4479ECA404E6AF" bold="true" box="[189,605,1506,1531]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Additional specimen examined:—</emphasis>
THE
<collectingCountry id="D395C3996A0DFF80FD5979ECA510E6AF" box="[672,841,1506,1531]" name="Philippines" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">PHILIPPINES</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="69464DEB6A0DFF80FCA179ECA24DE6AF" box="[856,1044,1506,1531]" country="Philippines" name="Ifugao" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Ifugao province</collectingRegion>
: Luzón Island, Banaue, Aparngao, Banaue Ethnic village and pine forest resort, alt.
<quantity id="6C7A2EEC6A0DFF80FD3C7A08A546E54B" box="[709,799,1542,1567]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.507" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" unit="m" value="1507.0">1507 m</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="CEB6E5CE6A0DFF80FCD77A08A582E54B" box="[814,987,1542,1567]" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="56" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" precision="1" seconds="52.4" value="16.947887">16°56’52.4’’ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="CEB6E5CE6A0DFF80FC137A08A2CAE54B" box="[1002,1171,1542,1567]" degrees="121" direction="east" minutes="3" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" precision="1" seconds="19.1" value="121.055305">121°3’19.1’’ E</geoCoordinate>
, on bark,
<date id="DF3CA5C96A0DFF80FAF27A08A3F1E54B" box="[1291,1448,1542,1567]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" value="2015-01">January 2015</date>
,
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FF717A24A7A1E517" box="[136,504,1578,1603]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A0DFF80FF717A24A7FCE517" authority="A. Bawingan PH" authorityName="A. Bawingan PH" box="[136,421,1578,1603]" class="Globothalamea" family="Ceratobuliminidae" genus="Paulina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Robertinida" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">Paulina A. Bawingan PH</taxonomicName>
150178
</emphasis>
(KoLRI).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

304
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@ -0,0 +1,304 @@
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<mods:mods id="5782C4D7A33D3C07D55D40393D9340D8" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="217F2A1EB9A46BE565676EF323961CA4">New species in the family Graphidaceae (Ascomycota: Ostropales) from the Philippines</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="FECAB2E8CC29748E4DFEAC71A41DCC5A" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="835B19A5D589E2F4237EE5662F7170AD">Joshi, Santosh</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DA5FF6D77EC5D717612434C08BE0AB33">Lichenology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow (UP) - 226001</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8E622AC36D3DBAC18EBFDE484741D24A">Upreti, Dalip K.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A22C1878F13865C1CAE8E08619680567">Lichenology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow (UP) - 226001</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1215049FF5D5307796448DF7C83AB63D">Bawingan, Paulina A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2C50E0F5E163AED6F740A4A180E55414">Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, 2600 Baguio City, Philippines</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="DEA7F066EA69F8DC82BBD37EF5DFCA7E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8CE9BE19050A43143D898EC610C05313">
<mods:roleTerm id="4550D3DAB7E357E5B29CA1385495AA56">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1F17900901904D501AEB4D055658630A">Hur, Jae-Seoun</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B675CBE8254217A8CC506945262AA3A9">Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University, Suncheon- 540 - 950, South Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="79BA27D1ACF6995DDD48D10F0F1386C6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="71982C467018EB4D05AB26D65734E658" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="ACC9AFD9B5ADDC43E6D103A036999144">
<mods:title id="7DB01B58994D118E0FAE272A0F28C9AC">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="469836D5B28FC5DC43E023280C5071CB">
<mods:date id="A7A8235D9E9EDEB8C6B8491DB5787C6F">2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="7FCA06807429F469ADB85785AA590D4A" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="57FCB5FB59E4F30B8815804DB4B234C0">2018-03-23</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="7EE1632A70412F12FB28E7CF971159DD" type="volume">
<mods:number id="507EDF14FF2222A24DF3A8D0849F3495">345</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="E476912360A48C634011BF39FA19B18D" type="issue">
<mods:number id="A33EA3FA724F53C2F2BEF881C47337F5">2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="11103CEB6E3669B91CD32E095DDA9145" unit="page">
<mods:start id="7397CBF1EDEBD8A13CDA9ADF6DF121E2">152</mods:start>
<mods:end id="D5A5A348814558A0FE9A13A3269938F4">158</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="525F0F02B35609A693C444846A9DFCFB">
<mods:url id="7FBB16209024672D5193DEA12805E1EA">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.345.2.6</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="4639E829BDE925127F99CB2813F3A4D1">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="722DBB3205056844E602100E024D8065" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.345.2.6</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D10E87D5B1D5B92653FF0F406798ACEC" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="232B321F6A0DFF85FF717A7CA329E031" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:232B321F6A0DFF85FF717A7CA329E031" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/232B321F6A0DFF85FF717A7CA329E031" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="156" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">
<subSubSection id="E398D0826A0DFF80FF717A7CA73BE5F9" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A0DFF80FF717A7CA5DAE5DF" blockId="1.[136,899,1650,1675]" box="[136,899,1650,1675]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">
<heading id="F07534656A0DFF80FF717A7CA5DAE5DF" box="[136,899,1650,1675]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A0DFF80FF717A7CA4DEE5DF" ID-CoL="B2ZX9" authority="S. Joshi, Upreti &amp; Hur" authorityName="S. Joshi, Upreti &amp; Hur" authorityYear="2018" box="[136,647,1650,1675]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thelotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="isidiosum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FF717A7CA7DAE5DF" bold="true" box="[136,387,1650,1675]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Thelotrema isidiosum</emphasis>
S. Joshi, Upreti &amp; Hur
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FD747A7CA4A2E5DF" box="[653,763,1650,1675]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="82C5E2606A0DFF80FD747A7CA4A2E5DF" box="[653,763,1650,1675]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="33B99F8C6A0DFF80FCF07A7CA522E5DF" box="[777,891,1650,1675]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,245,1599,1624]" captionTargetBox="[191,1396,187,1573]" captionTargetId="figure-18@3.[191,1396,187,1573]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Thelotrema isidiosum (holotype). A. Habit. B. Section through apothecia showing free and hyaline excipulum. C. Ascospores. Scales: A = 2 mm, B = 1 mm, C = 100 μm." pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Fig 2A–C</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A0DFF80FF717A96A73BE5F9" blockId="1.[136,1452,1688,1853]" box="[136,354,1688,1709]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Mycobank MB824345</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E398D0826A0DFF80FF717AB2A773E5A1" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" type="description">
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A0DFF80FF717AB2A773E5A1" blockId="1.[136,1452,1688,1853]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">
Differing from
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A0DFF80FEE67AB2A44CE585" box="[287,533,1724,1745]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thelotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="isidiophorum">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FEE67AB2A44CE585" box="[287,533,1724,1745]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Thelotrema isidiophorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in that the thallus produces transversely septate ascospores and salazinic acid as a secondary compound.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E398D0826A0DFF82FF717B0AA260E4EB" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="155" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A0DFF80FF717B0AA51EE469" blockId="1.[136,1452,1688,1853]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FF717B0AA683E44D" bold="true" box="[136,218,1796,1817]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">Type:—</emphasis>
THE
<collectingCountry id="D395C3996A0DFF80FEE87B0AA7FBE44D" box="[273,418,1796,1817]" name="Philippines" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">PHILIPPINES</collectingCountry>
. IIocos Norte: Luzón Island, Adams, Mt. Mabolo,
<geoCoordinate id="CEB6E5CE6A0DFF80FC657B0AA276E44D" box="[924,1071,1796,1817]" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" precision="1" seconds="26.3" value="18.440638">18°26’26.3’’ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="CEB6E5CE6A0DFF80FBC57B0AA283E44D" box="[1084,1242,1796,1817]" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" precision="1" seconds="27.1" value="120.89086">120°53’27.1’’ E</geoCoordinate>
, alt.
<quantity id="6C7A2EEC6A0DFF80FAF57B0AA317E44D" box="[1292,1358,1796,1817]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7299999999999995" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" unit="m" value="473.0">473 m</quantity>
, on bark,
<date id="DF3CA5C96A0DFF80FF447B26A719E469" box="[189,320,1832,1853]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" value="2015-01">January 2015</date>
,
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0DFF80FEB37B26A4DCE469" box="[330,645,1832,1853]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A0DFF80FEB37B26A466E469" authority="A. Bawingan PH" authorityName="A. Bawingan PH" box="[330,575,1832,1853]" class="Globothalamea" family="Ceratobuliminidae" genus="Paulina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Robertinida" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">Paulina A. Bawingan PH</taxonomicName>
150039
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="74393DAB6A0DFF80FD6B7B26A4B2E469" box="[658,747,1832,1853]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
: KoLRI).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A0DFF80FF717B60A5DBE49B" blockId="1.[136,1452,1902,2071]" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">
Thallus corticolous, crustose, green to greenish-grey, continuous, glossy, isidiate, 50–90(–100) μm thick; cortex loose, 10–15 μm thick; algal layer trentipohlioid, 10–25 μm thick; medulla white crystalline, 30–50 μm; isidia cylindrical, branched, coralloid, 0.4–0.6 ×
<quantity id="6C7A2EEC6A0DFF80FE197BB8A421E49B" box="[480,632,1974,1999]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="9.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" unit="mm" value="0.095" valueMax="0.1" valueMin="0.09">0.09–0.1 mm</quantity>
; prothallus dark brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A0DFF82FF447BD4A22DE4CF" blockId="1.[136,1452,1902,2071]" lastBlockId="3.[136,1452,1707,2091]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="155" pageId="1" pageNumber="153">
Apothecia porinoid, sessile, barrel-shaped, dispersed,
<quantity id="6C7A2EEC6A0DFF80FCEA7BD4A537E4A7" box="[787,878,2010,2035]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
diam.; pore widely open,
<quantity id="6C7A2EEC6A0DFF80FB757BD4A34BE4A7" box="[1164,1298,2010,2035]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="153" unit="mm" value="0.3" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.4 mm</quantity>
in diam.; disc flesh colored, epruinose, partly covered by proper exciple, deeply immersed; thalline margin distinct, entire, embedded with crystals, 120–220 μm thick; proper exciple pale brown, reddish-brown to brown, free, denticulate apically; 120–160 μm thick, embedded with crystals, separated from the thalline margin by a narrow split (double margin); epihymenium greyish, crystalline, 15–25 μm high; hymenium hyaline, clear (lacking oil-droplets), conglutinate, resting deep inside proper exciple, 160–260 μm high; paraphyses unbranched, parallel, 1–2 μm thick; subhymenium hyaline, indistinct; asci clavate, 8-spored, (210–)213.9−224−234(–236) × (26.5−)27.3−30–33.3(–34) μm (
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0FFF82FAD17B34A36FE407" box="[1320,1334,1850,1875]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">n</emphasis>
=10), non-amyloid; ascospores hyaline, fusiform, transversely septate, 15–22-locular with ± wavy spore wall, endospore 5–6 μm thick, (95–)98.2−101.4−104.6(–105.8) × (15−)15.6−16.7–17.8(–18) μm (
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0FFF82FC397B8CA597E4CF" box="[960,974,1922,1947]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">n</emphasis>
=40), amyloid.
</paragraph>
<caption id="FFFDD3816A0EFF83FF717B91A46BE488" pageId="2" pageNumber="154" startId="2.[136,245,1951,1976]" targetBox="[189,1398,187,1926]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A0EFF83FF717B91A46BE488" blockId="2.[136,1452,1951,2012]" pageId="2" pageNumber="154">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0EFF83FF717B91A748E4EC" bold="true" box="[136,273,1951,1976]" pageId="2" pageNumber="154">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A0EFF83FEEE7B91A7ACE4EC" authorityName="S. Joshi, Upreti &amp; Hur" authorityYear="2018" box="[279,501,1951,1976]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thalloloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="2" pageNumber="154" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="nitidum">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0EFF83FEEE7B91A7ACE4EC" box="[279,501,1951,1976]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="154">Thalloloma nitidum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(holotype). A. Habit. B. Section through apothecia. C. Ascus and ascospores. Scales: A = 0.5 mm, B = 100 μm, C = 50 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="FFFDD3816A0FFF82FF717A31A5C5E528" pageId="3" pageNumber="155" startId="3.[136,245,1599,1624]" targetBox="[191,1396,187,1573]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A0FFF82FF717A31A5C5E528" blockId="3.[136,1451,1599,1660]" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0FFF82FF717A31A74FE50C" bold="true" box="[136,278,1599,1624]" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A0FFF82FEDB7A31A440E50C" authorityName="S. Joshi, Upreti &amp; Hur" authorityYear="2018" box="[290,537,1599,1624]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thelotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="3" pageNumber="155" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="isidiosum">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0FFF82FEDB7A31A440E50C" box="[290,537,1599,1624]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">Thelotrema isidiosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(holotype). A. Habit. B. Section through apothecia showing free and hyaline excipulum. C. Ascospores. Scales: A = 2 mm, B = 1 mm, C = 100 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A0FFF82FF447BA9A260E4EB" blockId="3.[136,1452,1707,2091]" box="[189,1081,1958,1984]" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0FFF82FF447BA9A738E494" bold="true" box="[189,353,1959,1984]" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">Chemistry:—</emphasis>
K+ red,
<collectionCode id="CD931BCC6A0FFF82FE447BA8A7BBE4EB" box="[445,482,1958,1983]" country="Netherlands" name="Dutch Plant Protection Service, Culture Collection of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">PD</collectionCode>
+ yellow-orange, C–; salazinic acid detected by TLC.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E398D0826A0FFF82FF447BC5A59FE4B7" box="[189,966,1994,2020]" pageId="3" pageNumber="155" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A0FFF82FF447BC5A59FE4B7" blockId="3.[136,1452,1707,2091]" box="[189,966,1994,2020]" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0FFF82FF447BC5A73DE4B0" bold="true" box="[189,356,1995,2020]" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">Etymology:—</emphasis>
The epithet refers the isidiate thallus of the new taxon.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E398D0826A0FFF85FF447BE1A2B1E389" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="156" pageId="3" pageNumber="155" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A0FFF85FF447BE1A2B1E389" blockId="3.[136,1452,1707,2091]" lastBlockId="4.[136,1452,160,869]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="156" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0FFF82FF447BE1A44BEB5C" bold="true" box="[189,530,2031,2056]" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">Distribution and Ecology:—</emphasis>
The new taxon is described only from the
<typeStatus id="74393DAB6A0FFF82FC037BE0A273EB53" box="[1018,1066,2030,2055]" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">type</typeStatus>
locality in the
<collectingCountry id="D395C3996A0FFF82FB207BE0A303EB53" box="[1241,1370,2030,2055]" name="Philippines" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">Philippines</collectingCountry>
, where it was growing in association with
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A0FFF82FDDF741CA20BEB7F" authority="(Mont. &amp; Bosch) Staiger" authorityName="Staiger" baseAuthorityName="Mont. &amp; Bosch" box="[550,1106,2066,2091]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Leiorreuma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="3" pageNumber="155" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="exaltatum">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0FFF82FDDF741CA57BEB7F" box="[550,802,2066,2091]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">Leiorreuma exaltatum</emphasis>
(Mont. &amp; Bosch) Staiger
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A0FFF85FB98741CA45CE3ED" authority="(Mont.) Staiger, Kalb &amp; Lucking" authorityName="Staiger, Kalb &amp; Lucking" baseAuthorityName="Mont." class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Pallidogramme" kingdom="Fungi" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="156" order="Ostropales" pageId="3" pageNumber="155" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="chrysenteron">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A0FFF82FB98741CA3F2EB7F" box="[1121,1451,2066,2091]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="155">Pallidogramme chrysenteron</emphasis>
(Mont.) Staiger, Kalb &amp; Lücking
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FDEB7CAEA354E3ED" authority="(Mont. &amp; Bosch) Z. F. Jia &amp; Lucking" authorityName="Z. F. Jia &amp; Lucking" baseAuthorityName="Mont. &amp; Bosch" box="[530,1293,160,185]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Platythecium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="pyrrhochroum">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FDEB7CAEA516E3ED" box="[530,847,160,185]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Platythecium pyrrhochroum</emphasis>
(Mont. &amp; Bosch) Z. F. Jia &amp; Lücking
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FAE37CAEA786E389" authority="(Ach.) Mull. Arg." authorityName="Mull. Arg." baseAuthorityName="Ach." class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Sarcographa" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="labyrinthica">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FAE37CAEA748E389" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Sarcographa labyrinthica</emphasis>
(Ach.) Müll. Arg.
</taxonomicName>
, and species of
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FD697CCAA564E389" authority="DC." authorityName="DC." box="[656,829,196,221]" class="Arthoniomycetes" family="Roccellaceae" genus="Pertusaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Arthoniales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FD697CCAA551E389" box="[656,776,196,221]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Pertusaria</emphasis>
DC.
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FC8A7CCAA5A5E389" authority="Ach." authorityName="Ach." box="[883,1020,196,221]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Porinaceae" genus="Porina" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FC8A7CCAA598E389" box="[883,961,196,221]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Porina</emphasis>
Ach.
</taxonomicName>
on thin barked trees.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E398D0826A08FF85FF447CE6A329E031" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A08FF85FF447CE6A4FCE049" blockId="4.[136,1452,160,869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FF447CE6A716E255" bold="true" box="[189,335,232,257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Remarks:—</emphasis>
The new taxon is distinguished in having coralloid isidiate, loosely corticate thallus producing salazinic acid, sessile, barrel-shaped apothecia with wide pores and double margin, hyaline to pale brown proper exciple internally lined by peripysoids, 8-spored asci and transversely septate ascospores with thick endospore. The new species differs from and does not seem close to any of the species in
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FC557D5AA378E239" authority="Acharius (1803: 130)" authorityName="Acharius" authorityPageNumber="130" authorityYear="1803" box="[940,1313,340,365]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thelotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FC557D5AA275E239" box="[940,1068,340,365]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Thelotrema</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CF13FEF86A08FF85FBC97D5AA378E239" author="Acharius, E." box="[1072,1313,340,365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" refId="ref3540" refString="Acharius, E. (1803) Methodus qua Omnes Detectos Lichenes Secundum Organa Carpomorpha ad Genera, Species et Varietates Redigere atque Observationibus Illustrare Tentavit Erik Acharius. 394 pp." type="book" year="1803">Acharius (1803: 130)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. The isidiate thallus in the genus is rare, and found only in
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FD7B7D76A5ABE2C5" authority="(Kremp.) Zahlbr" authorityName="Zahlbr" baseAuthorityName="Kremp." box="[642,1010,376,401]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thelotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="isidiophorum">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FD7B7D76A56BE2C5" box="[642,818,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">T. isidiophorum</emphasis>
(Kremp.) Zahlbr
</taxonomicName>
, which also has sessile apothecia, but is clearly distinguished in having a verrucose thallus containing stictic acid and large, muriform ascospores, 180–300 × 15–25 μm (
<bibRefCitation id="CF13FEF86A08FF85FEFE7DCEA465E28D" author="Rivas Plata, E. &amp; Lucking, R. &amp; Sipman, H. J. M. &amp; Mangold, A. &amp; Kalb, K. &amp; Lumbsch, H. T." box="[263,572,448,473]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" pagination="139 - 185" refId="ref4298" refString="Rivas Plata, E., Lucking, R., Sipman, H. J. M., Mangold, A., Kalb, K. &amp; Lumbsch, H. T. (2010) A worldwide key to the thelotremoid Graphidaceae, excluding the Ocellularia-Myriotrema-Stegobolous clade. Lichenologist 42: 139 - 185. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0024282909990491" type="journal article" year="2010">
Rivas Plata
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FE757DCEA79AE28D" box="[396,451,448,473]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
2010: 175
</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FDB77DCEA566E28D" authorityName="S. Joshi, Upreti &amp; Hur" authorityYear="2018" box="[590,831,448,473]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thelotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="isidiosum">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FDB77DCEA566E28D" box="[590,831,448,473]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Thelotrema isidiosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shares some taxonomic characteristics with
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FAD27DCEA799E2A9" authority="Mont. &amp; Bosch." authorityName="Mont. &amp; Bosch." class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thelotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="porinoides">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FAD27DCEA759E2A9" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Thelotrema porinoides</emphasis>
Mont. &amp; Bosch.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FE327DEAA588E2A9" authority="Weerakoon, Jayalal &amp; Lucking" authorityName="Weerakoon, Jayalal &amp; Lucking" box="[459,977,484,509]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thelotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="heladivense">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FE327DEAA432E2A9" box="[459,619,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">T. heladivense</emphasis>
Weerakoon, Jayalal &amp; Lücking
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FC247DEAA2D8E2A9" authority="Hale" authorityName="Hale" box="[989,1153,484,509]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thelotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="weberi">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FC247DEAA21CE2A9" box="[989,1093,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">T. weberi</emphasis>
Hale
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FB417DEAA3F5E2A9" authority="Sipman." authorityName="Sipman." box="[1208,1452,484,509]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thelotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="subweberi">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FB417DEAA31EE2A9" box="[1208,1351,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">T. subweberi</emphasis>
Sipman.
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FF717E06A7D3E175" box="[136,394,520,545]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thelotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="porinoides">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FF717E06A7D3E175" box="[136,394,520,545]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Thelotrema porinoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with transversely 13–25(–27)-septate, amyloid ascospores of 40–150(–170) × 15–22 μm is close, but differs from the new taxon in having a non-isidiate thallus containing the stictic acid chemosyndrome (
<bibRefCitation id="CF13FEF86A08FF85FF697E5EA7F7E13D" author="Mangold, A. &amp; Elix, J. A. &amp; Lumbsch, H. T." box="[144,430,592,617]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" pagination="653 - 659" refId="ref3952" refString="Mangold, A., Elix, J. A. &amp; Lumbsch, H. T. (2009) Thelotremataceae. In: McCarthy, P. M. Flora of Australia Volume 57. Lichens 5. ABRS and CSIRO Publishing, Canberra and Melbourne, pp. 195 - 420, 653 - 659." type="book chapter" year="2009">
Mangold
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FF047E5EA76CE13D" box="[253,309,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
2009: 393
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="CF13FEF86A08FF85FE437E5EA4A8E13D" author="Rivas Plata, E. &amp; Lucking, R. &amp; Sipman, H. J. M. &amp; Mangold, A. &amp; Kalb, K. &amp; Lumbsch, H. T." box="[442,753,592,617]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" pagination="139 - 185" refId="ref4298" refString="Rivas Plata, E., Lucking, R., Sipman, H. J. M., Mangold, A., Kalb, K. &amp; Lumbsch, H. T. (2010) A worldwide key to the thelotremoid Graphidaceae, excluding the Ocellularia-Myriotrema-Stegobolous clade. Lichenologist 42: 139 - 185. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0024282909990491" type="journal article" year="2010">
Rivas Plata
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FDC77E5EA42FE13D" box="[574,630,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
2010: 173
</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FCFD7E5EA257E13D" box="[772,1038,592,617]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thelotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="heladivense">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FCFD7E5EA257E13D" box="[772,1038,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Thelotrema heladivense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also produces transversely, up to 15- septate ascospores measuring 80–100 × 12–15 μm, but is clearly separated in that the thallus lacks isidia and contains norstictic acid with unknown compounds, as well as in having weakly amyloid ascospores (
<bibRefCitation id="CF13FEF86A08FF85FB597E96A6F1E181" author="Weerakoon, G. &amp; Jayalal, U. &amp; Wijesundara, S. &amp; Karunaratne, V. &amp; Lucking, R." pageId="4" pageNumber="156" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref4447" refString="Weerakoon, G., Jayalal, U., Wijesundara, S., Karunaratne, V. &amp; Lucking, R. (2015) Six new Graphidaceae (lichenized Ascomycota: Ostropales) from Horton Plains National Park, Sri Lanka. Nova Hedwigia 101: 1 - 12. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / nova _ hedwigia / 2015 / 0241" type="journal article" year="2015">
Weerakoon
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FAD07E96A33AE1E5" box="[1321,1379,664,689]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
2015: 84
</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FF477EB2A7CDE181" box="[190,404,700,725]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thelotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="weberi">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FF477EB2A7CDE181" box="[190,404,700,725]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Thelotrema weberi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FE367EB2A438E181" box="[463,609,700,725]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Thelotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="subweberi">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FE367EB2A438E181" box="[463,609,700,725]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">T. subweberi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with barrel-shaped apothecia are comparable to the new taxon in having strongly amyloid ascospores, but both the former species are distinct in producing muriform ascospores and norstictic acid in the thallus (
<bibRefCitation id="CF13FEF86A08FF85FEA47F0AA4C1E049" author="Rivas Plata, E. &amp; Lucking, R. &amp; Sipman, H. J. M. &amp; Mangold, A. &amp; Kalb, K. &amp; Lumbsch, H. T." box="[349,664,772,797]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" pagination="139 - 185" refId="ref4298" refString="Rivas Plata, E., Lucking, R., Sipman, H. J. M., Mangold, A., Kalb, K. &amp; Lumbsch, H. T. (2010) A worldwide key to the thelotremoid Graphidaceae, excluding the Ocellularia-Myriotrema-Stegobolous clade. Lichenologist 42: 139 - 185. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0024282909990491" type="journal article" year="2010">
Rivas Plata
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FE1D7F0AA444E049" box="[484,541,772,797]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
2010: 175
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB3D83096A08FF85FF447F26A329E031" blockId="4.[136,1452,160,869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FF447F26A406E015" bold="true" box="[189,607,808,833]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">Additional specimen examined:—</emphasis>
THE
<collectingCountry id="D395C3996A08FF85FD5D7F26A514E015" box="[676,845,808,833]" name="Philippines" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">PHILIPPINES</collectingCountry>
. IIocos Norte: Luzón Island, Adams, Mt. Mabolo,
<geoCoordinate id="CEB6E5CE6A08FF85FF717F42A76BE031" box="[136,306,844,869]" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" precision="1" seconds="49.5" value="18.447083">18°26’49.5’’ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="CEB6E5CE6A08FF85FEC47F42A7A4E031" box="[317,509,844,869]" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" precision="1" seconds="58.6" value="120.91628">120° 54’ 58.6’’ E</geoCoordinate>
, alt.
<quantity id="6C7A2EEC6A08FF85FDCA7F42A425E031" box="[563,636,844,869]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9299999999999997" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" unit="m" value="393.0">393 m</quantity>
, on bark,
<date id="DF3CA5C96A08FF85FD127F42A5DDE031" box="[747,900,844,869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" value="2015-01">January 2015</date>
,
<emphasis id="99F65F1B6A08FF85FC767F42A2A6E031" box="[911,1279,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="156">
<taxonomicName id="6C82F88A6A08FF85FC767F42A2F5E031" authority="A. Bawingan PH" authorityName="A. Bawingan PH" box="[911,1196,844,869]" class="Globothalamea" family="Ceratobuliminidae" genus="Paulina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Robertinida" pageId="4" pageNumber="156" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">Paulina A. Bawingan PH</taxonomicName>
150064
</emphasis>
(KoLRI).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>