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Kovac, Kameneva &amp; V. Korneyev
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<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E2AFFBEFF215192FD94FF3A" blockId="74.[151,967,151,286]" box="[151,590,223,250]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">GenBank accession number PQ331195</paragraph>
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<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2AFFBEFF21504EFF22FEDE" box="[151,248,259,286]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1727,1751]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1697]" captionTargetId="figure-20@5.[151,1436,181,1703]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Habitat, adults and larvae of bamboo-inhabiting Ulidiidae in Bolivia (Aspistomella sp., Ulivellia sp.). A, a stand of Guadua angustifolia subsp. chacoensis along a stream in the Buena Vista region; B, Aspistomella duo sp. nov. on a bamboo culm; C, Aspistomella tres sp. nov. on a bamboo culm; D, ulidiid larvae inhabit young bamboo culms that still have basal culm sheaths (arrow); E, entry hole made by a Crambidae (Lepidoptera) caterpillar; F, interior view of the bamboo internode wall showing a Crambidae caterpillar, the area eaten up by the caterpillar (a), the crambid entry hole (b) and the protective web made by the caterpillar (c); G, opened internode cavity of a freshly felled bamboo culm showing ulidiid larvae floating on the water surface or crawling in the terrestrial part of the internode; H, ulidiid larvae gathering at the bottom of a drying up internode; I, two ulidiid larvae and a syrphid larva floating on the water surface (the arrow points to the siphon of the syrphid larva). (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023151" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023151/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Figs 1 C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2AFFBEFEB2504EFEEAFEDE" box="[260,304,259,286]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[175,1418,206,1566]" captionTargetId="figure-30@12.[151,1436,181,1593]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Aspistomella, wing. A, A. pachitea sp. nov.; B, A. heteroptera Hendel; C, A. duo sp. nov.; D, A. tres sp. nov.; E, A. lobioptera Hendel; F, A. steyskali sp. nov.; G, A. lunata (Hendel); H, A. enderleini sp. nov. Abbreviations: C—costal vein; c—costal cell; dm—discal medial cell; h—humeral crossvein; M1—first branch of media; M4—fourth branch of media; m1— first medial cell; m4—fourth medial cell; ptstg—pterostigma; R1—anterior branch of radius; r1—first radial cell; R2+3—second branch of radius; R 4+5 —third branch of radius; r 4+5 —fourth + fifth radial cell. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023161/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">5 D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2AFFBEFE8D5049FEBFFEDE" box="[315,357,260,286]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1272,1296]" captionTargetBox="[168,1420,215,1223]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[151,1436,181,1249]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Cephalopharyngeal skeletons of Aspistomella (A–B) and Ulivellia (C–D) and scheme for measuring the mouthhook and posterior spiracles (E–F). A, Aspistomella duo sp. nov.; B, A. tres sp. nov.; C, Ulivellia arcuata sp. nov.; D, U. tenoris sp. nov.; E, mouthhook measurements; F, posterior spiracles measurements.The scale of A–D is the same.Abbreviations:at—apical tooth, cr—cibarial ridge, da—dorsal apodeme, db—dorsal bridge, dc—dorsal cornu, ds—dental sclerite, hs—hypopharyngeal sclerite, mh—mouth hook, n—neck, pb—parastomal bars, ps—pharyngeal sclerite, pt—preapical tooth, tp—tentorial phragma, va—ventral apodeme, vb—ventral bridge, vc—ventral cornu, w—light window. Measurements: sd—shortest distance, sw— spiracular width,—a–e, see Material and Methods. (All figures by Alexander Schneider.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023165/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">7 B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2AFFBEFEC75049FE41FEDE" box="[369,411,260,286]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-20@17.[151,1436,181,1610]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 9. Larvae and puparia of Aspistomella (A–B, F–G, I) and Ulivellia (C–E, H). A, A. duo larva, posterior spiracles; B, A. tres larva, same; C, U. tenoris larva, right posterior spiracle; D, U. arcuata larva, right posterior spiracle; E, U. arcuata puparium, right posterior spiracle; F, Aspistomella sp. larva, right posterior spiracle; G, A. duo, empty puparial exuvium; H, U. tenoris empty puparial exuvium; I, A. duo larva, creeping welt on fifth abdominal segment. Arrow indicates an incomplete second row of large spinules. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023171/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">9 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2AFFBEFE115049FE36FEDE" box="[423,492,260,286]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 44" captionStart-1="FIGURE 45" captionStart-2="FIGURE 46" captionStart-3="FIGURE 47" captionStartId-0="75.[151,250,1437,1461]" captionStartId-1="76.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-2="78.[151,250,1626,1650]" captionStartId-3="79.[151,250,1717,1741]" captionTargetBox-0="[155,1419,194,1414]" captionTargetBox-1="[225,1362,181,1916]" captionTargetBox-2="[157,1430,495,1597]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1436,273,1691]" captionTargetId-0="figure-20@75.[155,1431,181,1414]" captionTargetId-1="figure-30@76.[225,1362,181,1919]" captionTargetId-2="figure-194@78.[151,1436,489,1602]" captionTargetId-3="figure-72@79.[151,1436,273,1694]" captionTargetPageId-0="75" captionTargetPageId-1="76" captionTargetPageId-2="78" captionTargetPageId-3="79" captionText-0="FIGURE 44. Aspistomella tres sp. nov. holotype ♀. A, habitus, left; B, same, dorsal; C, mesonotum, dorsal; D, head, dorsal; E, same, anterior; F, wing, anterobasal part. Abbreviations: c—costal cell; C—costal vein; ptstg—pterostigma; R1—anterior branch of radius. Scale bar: 1 mm (same for A and B)." captionText-1="FIGURE 45. Aspistomella tres sp. nov. SEM views ♂. A, head, left; B, face and gena, anterolateral; C, gena: microtrichia; D, postgena: microtrichia; E, lobe of costal cell and pterostigma; F, microtrichia and spinulose setulae on costal vein; G, mesonotum, setulae and microtrichia; H, same, enlarged. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" captionText-2="FIGURE 46. Aspistomella tres sp. nov. ♂ genitalia. A, postabdomen, posterior; B, same, lateral; C, hypandrium, anterior; D, surstylus, anteroventral; E, same, lateral. Abbreviations: cerc—cerci; ph—phallus; phapod—phallapodeme; pi p—pimple-like process; s—seta; sur—surstylus." captionText-3="FIGURE 47. A. tres sp. nov., SEM views of ventral abdominal creeping welts (CW) and anterior spiracles. (A-E) and Aspistomella sp., anterior spiracles (F). A, CW1 on abdominal segment I; B, CW2 on abdominal segment II; C, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, magnified area shows a double row of large spinules; D, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII; E, right posterior spiracle of A. tres sp. nov.; F, left anterior spiracle of Aspistomella sp. Abbreviations: a-e—creeping welt rows a–e. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023286" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023288" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023290" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023292" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14023286/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14023288/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/14023290/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/14023292/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">44–47</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C343CBB51E2AFFBEFF215006FDDEFC66" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E2AFFBEFF215006FB4AFD32" blockId="74.[151,1437,331,1834]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFF215006FE1DFEA6" bold="true" box="[151,455,331,358]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Material examined. Type.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B3192631E2AFFBEFE785001FB68FE4A" collectedFrom="on felled bamboo culm (Guadua chacoensis, last year)" collectingDate="2011-01-12" collectionCode="SMF" collectorName="D. Kovac" country="Bolivia" latitude="-17.4734" location="[El Cairo] near Santa Cruz" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-63.6922" municipality="Buena Vista" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Santa Cruz" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFE785001FDE1FEA6" bold="true" box="[462,571,332,358]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<typeStatus id="54E2269C1E2AFFBEFE785001FDE1FEA6" box="[462,571,332,358]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D5F53B71E2AFFBEFDF75001FD8CFEA6" box="[577,598,332,358]" count="1" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
: “
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFDC65006FD1EFEA5" bold="true" box="[624,708,331,357]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<collectingCountry id="F34ED8AE1E2AFFBEFDC65006FD1EFEA5" box="[624,708,331,357]" name="Bolivia" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8202441E2AFFBEFD655001FC83FEA5" box="[723,857,331,358]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Buena Vista</collectingMunicipality>
<location id="8E86CEE51E2AFFBEFCD65006FB50FEA6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F029281E2AFFA4FF2151DAFA51FE49:8E86CEE51E2AFFBEFCD65006FB50FEA6" box="[864,1162,331,358]" country="Bolivia" latitude="-17.4734" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-63.6922" municipality="Buena Vista" name="[El Cairo] near Santa Cruz" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" stateProvince="Santa Cruz">[El Cairo] near Santa Cruz</location>
, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE6DFEF91E2AFFBEFB2A5001FAD6FEA6" box="[1180,1292,332,358]" degrees="17.4734" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="5" value="-17.4734">17.4734S</geoCoordinate>
,
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],
<collectedFrom id="3845DBC31E2AFFBEFF21503DFD2CFE4A" box="[151,758,367,394]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
on felled bamboo culm (
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2AFFBEFE135022FD5AFE49" box="[421,640,367,393]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Guadua" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chacoensis">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFE135022FD5AFE49" box="[421,640,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Guadua chacoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, last year)
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="FFE7BEFE1E2AFFBEFCB65022FCB1FE49" box="[768,875,367,393]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-01-12">
<collectingDate id="EFA347161E2AFFBEFCB65022FCB1FE49" box="[768,875,367,393]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-01-12">12.i.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
, Bol 13/11
<collectorName id="26ACFDE81E2AFFBEFC5E503DFB8EFE4A" box="[1000,1108,368,394]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D. Kovac</collectorName>
” (
<collectionCode id="ED4800FB1E2AFFBEFBDA503DFB70FE4A" box="[1132,1194,368,394]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">SMF</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B3192631E2AFFBEFB0D503DFD57FE11" collectedFrom="on freshly felled bamboo culm (expint, Guadua chacoensis)" collectingDate="2011-01-10" collectorName="El Cairo &amp; Bol" country="Bolivia" latitude="-17.5009" location="near Buena Vista (El Cairo)" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-63.705" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Santa Cruz" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFB0D503DFAE9FE4A" bold="true" box="[1211,1331,368,394]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<typeStatus id="54E2269C1E2AFFBEFB0D503DFAE9FE4A" box="[1211,1331,368,394]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFAF65022FA4EFE49" bold="true" box="[1344,1428,367,393]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<collectingCountry id="F34ED8AE1E2AFFBEFAF65022FA4EFE49" box="[1344,1428,367,393]" name="Bolivia" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount id="9D5F53B71E2AFFBEFF2150D9FF1FFE6E" box="[151,197,404,430]" count="2" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion id="499D56DC1E2AFFBEFF6150D9FE80FE6E" box="[215,346,404,430]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8E86CEE51E2AFFBEFEDF50D9FD6BFE6D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F029281E2AFFA4FF2151DAFA51FE49:8E86CEE51E2AFFBEFEDF50D9FD6BFE6D" box="[361,689,403,430]" country="Bolivia" latitude="-17.5009" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-63.705" name="near Buena Vista (El Cairo)" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" stateProvince="Santa Cruz">near Buena Vista (El Cairo)</location>
[
<geoCoordinate id="EE6DFEF91E2AFFBEFD7450DEFCE8FE6E" box="[706,818,403,430]" degrees="17.5009" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="5" value="-17.5009">17.5009S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6DFEF91E2AFFBEFCF450DEFC67FE6E" box="[834,957,403,430]" degrees="63.7050" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="5" value="-63.705">63.7050W</geoCoordinate>
],
<collectedFrom id="3845DBC31E2AFFBEFC6450D9FE5AFE12" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
on freshly felled bamboo culm (expint,
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2AFFBEFF2150FAFEAFFE11" box="[151,373,439,465]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Guadua" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chacoensis">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFF2150FAFEAFFE11" box="[151,373,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Guadua chacoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="FFE7BEFE1E2AFFBEFE3850FAFE20FE11" box="[398,506,439,465]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-01-10">
<collectingDate id="EFA347161E2AFFBEFE3850FAFE20FE11" box="[398,506,439,465]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-01-10">10.i.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
, Bol B4b/11
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B3192631E2AFFBEFD2C50F5FD4EFE36" collectedFrom="on felled bamboo culm (Guadua chacoensis, last year)" collectingDate="2011-01-15" collectorName="Bol" country="Bolivia" latitude="-17.4734" location="Buena Vista" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-63.6922" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Santa Cruz" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D5F53B71E2AFFBEFD2C50F5FD1FFE12" box="[666,709,440,466]" count="1" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
, idem [
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,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6DFEF91E2AFFBEFC2F50FAFBCFFE11" box="[921,1045,439,465]" degrees="63.6922" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="5" value="-63.6922">63.6922W</geoCoordinate>
],
<collectedFrom id="3845DBC31E2AFFBEFB9E50F5FE56FE36" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
on felled bamboo culm (
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2AFFBEFAF450FAFEC8FE35" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Guadua" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chacoensis">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFAF450FAFEC8FE35" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Guadua chacoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, last year)
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="FFE7BEFE1E2AFFBEFE2E5096FDD9FE36" box="[408,515,475,502]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-01-15">
<collectingDate id="EFA347161E2AFFBEFE2E5096FDD9FE36" box="[408,515,475,502]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-01-15">15.i.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
, Bol B20/11
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B3192631E2AFFBEFD175091FD75FDDA" collectedFrom="on felled bamboo culm (Guadua chacoensis, last year)" collectingDate="2011-01-17" collectorName="Bol" country="Bolivia" latitude="-17.4734" location="Buena Vista" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-63.6922" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Santa Cruz" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D5F53B71E2AFFBEFD175091FD16FE36" box="[673,716,476,502]" count="1" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
, idem [
<geoCoordinate id="EE6DFEF91E2AFFBEFC975091FC4BFE36" box="[801,913,476,502]" degrees="17.4734" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="5" value="-17.4734">17.4734S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6DFEF91E2AFFBEFC285096FBC3FE35" box="[926,1049,475,501]" degrees="63.6922" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="5" value="-63.6922">63.6922W</geoCoordinate>
],
<collectedFrom id="3845DBC31E2AFFBEFB9D5091FE4CFDDA" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
on felled bamboo culm (
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2AFFBEFAF45096FEC8FDD9" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Guadua" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chacoensis">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFAF45096FEC8FDD9" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Guadua chacoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, last year)
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="FFE7BEFE1E2AFFBEFE1150B2FDC8FDD9" box="[423,530,511,537]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-01-17">
<collectingDate id="EFA347161E2AFFBEFE1150B2FDC8FDD9" box="[423,530,511,537]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-01-17">17.i.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
, Bol B34/11
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B3192631E2AFFBEFD76534DFCBAFDFE" collectedFrom="on bamboo culm (Guadua chacoensis, last year)" collectingDate="2011-01-18" collectorName="Bol" country="Bolivia" latitude="-17.4734" location="Buena Vista" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-63.6922" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Santa Cruz" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D5F53B71E2AFFBEFD76534DFD2AFDDA" box="[704,752,512,538]" count="1" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
, idem [
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,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6DFEF91E2AFFBEFC6750B2FB96FDD9" box="[977,1100,511,537]" degrees="63.6922" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="5" value="-63.6922">63.6922W</geoCoordinate>
],
<collectedFrom id="3845DBC31E2AFFBEFBD5534DFE56FDFE" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
on bamboo culm (
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2AFFBEFAF450B2FEC8FDFD" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Guadua" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chacoensis">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFAF450B2FEC8FDFD" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Guadua chacoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, last year)
</collectedFrom>
, sheaths removed,
<date id="FFE7BEFE1E2AFFBEFDD5536EFD14FDFD" box="[611,718,547,573]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-01-18">
<collectingDate id="EFA347161E2AFFBEFDD5536EFD14FDFD" box="[611,718,547,573]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-01-18">18.i.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
, Bol B80/11
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B3192631E2AFFBEFCDA5369FC46FDA2" collectedFrom="on upright bamboo culm (Guadua chacoensis, last year)" collectingDate="2011-01-29" collectingDateMax="2011-02-08" collectingDateMin="2011-01-29" collectorName="Bol" country="Bolivia" latitude="-17.5009" location="Buena Vista" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-63.6743" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Santa Cruz" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D5F53B71E2AFFBEFCDA5369FC4AFDFE" box="[876,912,548,574]" count="1" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5F53B71E2AFFBEFC285369FC13FDFE" box="[926,969,548,574]" count="2" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
, idem [
<geoCoordinate id="EE6DFEF91E2AFFBEFBA8536EFB54FDFE" box="[1054,1166,547,574]" degrees="17.5009" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="5" value="-17.5009">17.5009S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6DFEF91E2AFFBEFB2C536EFACFFDFD" box="[1178,1301,547,573]" degrees="63.6743" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="5" value="-63.6743">63.6743W</geoCoordinate>
],
<collectedFrom id="3845DBC31E2AFFBEFA9E5369FD48FDA2" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
on upright bamboo culm (
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2AFFBEFEF6530AFDC1FDA1" box="[320,539,583,609]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Guadua" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chacoensis">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFEF6530AFDC1FDA1" box="[320,539,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Guadua chacoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, last year)
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="FFE7BEFE1E2AFFBEFD2B530AFCD2FDA1" box="[669,776,583,609]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-01-29">
<collectingDate id="EFA347161E2AFFBEFD2B530AFCD2FDA1" box="[669,776,583,609]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-01-29">29.i.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
, Bol B91/11;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B3192631E2AFFBEFC14530AFC29FD46" collectedFrom="larva in bamboo internode (Guadua chacoensis, last year)" collectingDate="2011-02-08" collectingDateMax="2011-02-08" collectingDateMin="2011-01-29" collectorName="Bol" country="Bolivia" latitude="-17.5009" location="Buena Vista" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-63.6743" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Santa Cruz" typeStatus="paratype">
idem[
<geoCoordinate id="EE6DFEF91E2AFFBEFC52530AFB8BFDA2" box="[996,1105,583,610]" degrees="17.5009" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="5" value="-17.5009">17.5009S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6DFEF91E2AFFBEFBED530AFB0CFDA1" box="[1115,1238,583,609]" degrees="63.6743" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="5" value="-63.6743">63.6743W</geoCoordinate>
],
<collectedFrom id="3845DBC31E2AFFBEFB51530AFDBBFD46" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
larva in bamboo internode (
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2AFFBEFEA65326FE31FD45" box="[272,491,619,645]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Guadua" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chacoensis">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFEA65326FE31FD45" box="[272,491,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Guadua chacoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, last year)
</collectedFrom>
, emerged on
<date id="FFE7BEFE1E2AFFBEFD455326FC82FD45" box="[755,856,619,645]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-02-08">
<collectingDate id="EFA347161E2AFFBEFD455326FC82FD45" box="[755,856,619,645]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-02-08">8.ii.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
, Bol B157/11
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B3192631E2AFFBEFC4B5321FEE8FD0E" collectedFrom="larva in internode of felled bamboo (Guadua chacoensis, last year)" collectingDate="2011-02-18" collectingDateMax="2011-02-08" collectingDateMin="2011-01-29" collectorName="D. Kovac" country="Bolivia" latitude="-17.4734" location="Buena Vista" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-63.6922" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Santa Cruz" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D5F53B71E2AFFBEFC4B5321FBFCFD46" box="[1021,1062,620,646]" count="1" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(leg.
<collectorName id="26ACFDE81E2AFFBEFBD35321FB0BFD46" box="[1125,1233,620,646]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D. Kovac</collectorName>
) (dissected), idem [
<geoCoordinate id="EE6DFEF91E2AFFBEFF2853DDFED4FD6A" box="[158,270,656,682]" degrees="17.4734" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="5" value="-17.4734">17.4734S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6DFEF91E2AFFBEFEAF53C2FE4EFD69" box="[281,404,655,681]" degrees="63.6922" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="5" value="-63.6922">63.6922W</geoCoordinate>
],
<collectedFrom id="3845DBC31E2AFFBEFE1353C2FB4BFD6A" box="[421,1169,655,682]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
larva in internode of felled bamboo (
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2AFFBEFC8853C2FBC0FD69" box="[830,1050,655,681]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Guadua" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chacoensis">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFC8853C2FBC0FD69" box="[830,1050,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Guadua chacoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, last year)
</collectedFrom>
, emerged on
<date id="FFE7BEFE1E2AFFBEFA9353C2FA4DFD69" box="[1317,1431,655,681]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-02-18">
<collectingDate id="EFA347161E2AFFBEFA9353C2FA4DFD69" box="[1317,1431,655,681]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-02-18">18.ii.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
, Bol Z32/3/11
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B3192631E2AFFBEFEF753F9FDA4FD32" collectedFrom="larva in internode of felled bamboo (Guadua chacoensis, last year)" collectingDate="2011-02-25" collectingDateMax="2011-02-08" collectingDateMin="2011-01-29" collectorName="Bol" country="Bolivia" latitude="-17.4734" location="Buena Vista" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-63.6922" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Santa Cruz" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D5F53B71E2AFFBEFEF753F9FEAAFD0E" box="[321,368,692,718]" count="1" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, idem [
<geoCoordinate id="EE6DFEF91E2AFFBEFE7E53F9FDEDFD0E" box="[456,567,692,718]" degrees="17.4734" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="5" value="-17.4734">17.4734S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6DFEF91E2AFFBEFDF053FEFD18FD0D" box="[582,706,691,717]" degrees="63.6922" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="5" value="-63.6922">63.6922W</geoCoordinate>
],
<collectedFrom id="3845DBC31E2AFFBEFD6053FEFF09FD32" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
larva in internode of felled bamboo (
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2AFFBEFB3353FEFABEFD0D" box="[1157,1380,691,717]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Guadua" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chacoensis">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFB3353FEFABEFD0D" box="[1157,1380,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Guadua chacoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, last year)
</collectedFrom>
, emerged on
<date id="FFE7BEFE1E2AFFBEFEDF539AFE01FD32" box="[361,475,727,754]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-02-25">
<collectingDate id="EFA347161E2AFFBEFEDF539AFE01FD32" box="[361,475,727,754]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-02-25">25.ii.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
, Bol Z32/4/11
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B3192631E2AFFBEFD3C5395FB56FD32" box="[650,1164,727,754]" collectionCode="SMF, SIZK" collectorName="D. Kovac" country="Bolivia" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D5F53B71E2AFFBEFD3C5395FD6EFD32" box="[650,692,728,754]" count="1" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(leg.
<collectorName id="26ACFDE81E2AFFBEFD435395FCB8FD32" box="[757,866,728,754]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D. Kovac</collectorName>
) (dissected) (
<collectionCode id="ED4800FB1E2AFFBEFC4F5395FBECFD32" box="[1017,1078,728,754]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">SMF</collectionCode>
;
<collectionCode id="ED4800FB1E2AFFBEFBF75395FB5EFD32" box="[1089,1156,728,754]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">SIZK</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E2AFFBEFF7153B1FDDEFC66" blockId="74.[151,1437,331,1834]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFF7153B1FEEFFCD6" bold="true" box="[199,309,764,790]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Non-type</emphasis>
:
<materialsCitation id="3B3192631E2AFFBEFEF353B6FA42FCFA" collectedFrom="on freshly felled bamboo culm (Guadua chacoensis)" collectingDate="2011-01-09" collectorName="D. Kovac" country="Bolivia" latitude="-17.4734" location="(El Cairo) near Santa Cruz" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-63.6922" municipality="Buena Vista" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Santa Cruz">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFEF353B6FE43FCD5" bold="true" box="[325,409,763,789]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<collectingCountry id="F34ED8AE1E2AFFBEFEF353B6FE43FCD5" box="[325,409,763,789]" name="Bolivia" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8202441E2AFFBEFE1E53B1FDEAFCD5" box="[424,560,763,790]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Buena Vista</collectingMunicipality>
<location id="8E86CEE51E2AFFBEFD8E53B6FCBDFCD6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F029281E2AFFA4FF2151DAFA51FE49:8E86CEE51E2AFFBEFD8E53B6FCBDFCD6" box="[568,871,763,790]" country="Bolivia" latitude="-17.4734" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-63.6922" municipality="Buena Vista" name="(El Cairo) near Santa Cruz" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" stateProvince="Santa Cruz">(El Cairo) near Santa Cruz</location>
, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE6DFEF91E2AFFBEFCCF53B1FC33FCD6" box="[889,1001,764,790]" degrees="17.4734" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="5" value="-17.4734">17.4734S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6DFEF91E2AFFBEFC4353B6FBAAFCD5" box="[1013,1136,763,789]" degrees="63.6922" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="5" value="-63.6922">63.6922W</geoCoordinate>
],
<collectedFrom id="3845DBC31E2AFFBEFB3453B1FE1DFCFA" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
on freshly felled bamboo culm (
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2AFFBEFF695252FE66FCF9" box="[223,444,799,825]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Guadua" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chacoensis">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFF695252FE66FCF9" box="[223,444,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Guadua chacoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="FFE7BEFE1E2AFFBEFE655252FDEAFCF9" box="[467,560,799,825]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-01-09">
<collectingDate id="EFA347161E2AFFBEFE655252FDEAFCF9" box="[467,560,799,825]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-01-09">9.i.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
, Bol B2b/11,
<specimenCount id="9D5F53B71E2AFFBEFD7D526DFC8FFCF9" box="[715,853,799,826]" count="2" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
(sex unknown, abdomens missing) (leg.
<collectorName id="26ACFDE81E2AFFBEFA97526DFA4AFCFA" box="[1313,1424,800,826]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D. Kovac</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B3192631E2AFFBEFF21520EFC4DFC9D" box="[151,919,835,862]" collectedFrom="on freshly felled bamboo culm (Guadua chacoensis)" collectingDate="2011-01-28" collectorName="Bol" country="Bolivia" latitude="-17.4734" location="El Cairo" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-63.6922" municipality="Buena Vista" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Santa Cruz">
idem [
<geoCoordinate id="EE6DFEF91E2AFFBEFF695209FE95FC9E" box="[223,335,836,862]" degrees="17.4734" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="5" value="-17.4734">17.4734S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6DFEF91E2AFFBEFEEB520EFE03FC9D" box="[349,473,835,861]" degrees="63.6922" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="5" value="-63.6922">63.6922W</geoCoordinate>
],
<date id="FFE7BEFE1E2AFFBEFE5A520EFD82FC9D" box="[492,600,835,861]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-01-28">
<collectingDate id="EFA347161E2AFFBEFE5A520EFD82FC9D" box="[492,600,835,861]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-01-28">28.i.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
, Bol B80/11,
<specimenCount id="9D5F53B71E2AFFBEFD4F5209FCFCFC9E" box="[761,806,836,862]" count="1" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(alcohol)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B3192631E2AFFBEFC13520EFA42FC9D" box="[933,1432,835,862]" collectedFrom="on freshly felled bamboo culm (Guadua chacoensis)" collectingDate="2011-01-28" collectorName="Bol" country="Bolivia" latitude="-17.4734" location="El Cairo" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-63.6922" municipality="Buena Vista" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Santa Cruz">
idem,
<date id="FFE7BEFE1E2AFFBEFC5B520EFB83FC9D" box="[1005,1113,835,861]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-01-28">
<collectingDate id="EFA347161E2AFFBEFC5B520EFB83FC9D" box="[1005,1113,835,861]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-01-28">28.i.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
, Bol B80/11,
<specimenCount id="9D5F53B71E2AFFBEFB4C5209FAFDFC9E" box="[1274,1319,836,862]" count="1" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(alcohol)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B3192631E2AFFBEFF21522AFCE6FC41" box="[151,828,871,898]" collectedFrom="on freshly felled bamboo culm (Guadua chacoensis)" collectingDate="2011-01-29" collectorName="D. Kovac" country="Bolivia" latitude="-17.4734" location="El Cairo" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-63.6922" municipality="Buena Vista" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Santa Cruz">
idem,
<date id="FFE7BEFE1E2AFFBEFF68522AFE93FC41" box="[222,329,871,897]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-01-29">
<collectingDate id="EFA347161E2AFFBEFF68522AFE93FC41" box="[222,329,871,897]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-01-29">29.i.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
, Bol B91/11,
<specimenCount id="9D5F53B71E2AFFBEFE5E5225FDC9FC42" box="[488,531,872,898]" count="1" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(leg.
<collectorName id="26ACFDE81E2AFFBEFDE05225FD1EFC42" box="[598,708,872,898]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D. Kovac</collectorName>
) (alcohol)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B3192631E2AFFBEFCFF522AFAC4FC42" box="[841,1310,871,898]" collectingDate="2007-11-30" collectingDateMax="2007-11-30" collectingDateMin="2007-01-12" collectionCode="SMF, SIZK" country="Bolivia" location="Bol." municipality="Bol." pageId="74" pageNumber="75" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="5" specimenCount-male="1">
Bol.70.07,
<date id="FFE7BEFE1E2AFFBEFC715225FB9CFC42" box="[967,1094,872,898]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2007-11-30">
<collectingDate id="EFA347161E2AFFBEFC715225FB9CFC42" box="[967,1094,872,898]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2007-11-30">30.11.2007</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5F53B71E2AFFBEFBE5522AFBACFC42" box="[1107,1142,871,898]" count="5" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="female">5♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4800FB1E2AFFBEFB305225FB19FC42" box="[1158,1219,872,898]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">SMF</collectionCode>
;
<collectionCode id="ED4800FB1E2AFFBEFB795225FAC8FC42" box="[1231,1298,872,898]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">SIZK</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B3192631E2AFFBEFA91522AFE25FC66" collectingDate="2007-01-12" collectingDateMax="2007-11-30" collectingDateMin="2007-01-12" collectionCode="SIZK" country="Bolivia" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="5" specimenCount-male="1">
Bol.77.07,
<date id="FFE7BEFE1E2AFFBEFF2152C1FED3FC66" box="[151,265,908,934]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2007-01-12">
<collectingDate id="EFA347161E2AFFBEFF2152C1FED3FC66" box="[151,265,908,934]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2007-01-12">1.12.2007</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5F53B71E2AFFBEFEA352C1FEE2FC66" box="[277,312,908,934]" count="1" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(alcohol) (
<collectionCode id="ED4800FB1E2AFFBEFE0552C1FE2DFC66" box="[435,503,908,934]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">SIZK</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C343CBB51E2AFFBEFF7152FDFB5BFC0A" box="[199,1153,943,970]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E2AFFBEFF7152FDFB5BFC0A" blockId="74.[151,1437,331,1834]" box="[199,1153,943,970]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFF7152FDFEFEFC0A" bold="true" box="[199,292,944,970]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Larvae.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B3192631E2AFFBEFE9D52E2FBA7FC0A" box="[299,1149,943,970]" collectingDate="2011-02-06" collectionCode="SMF" collectorName="D. Kovac" country="Bolivia" location="Buena Vista" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-larva="5">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFE9D52E2FEA5FC09" bold="true" box="[299,383,943,969]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<collectingCountry id="F34ED8AE1E2AFFBEFE9D52E2FEA5FC09" box="[299,383,943,969]" name="Bolivia" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<location id="8E86CEE51E2AFFBEFE3852FDFDC2FC09" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F029281E2AFFA4FF2151DAFA51FE49:8E86CEE51E2AFFBEFE3852FDFDC2FC09" box="[398,536,943,970]" country="Bolivia" name="Buena Vista" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Buena Vista</location>
,
<date id="FFE7BEFE1E2AFFBEFD9552E2FD52FC09" box="[547,648,943,969]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-02-06">
<collectingDate id="EFA347161E2AFFBEFD9552E2FD52FC09" box="[547,648,943,969]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-02-06">6.ii.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
, BolZ32/11,
<specimenCount id="9D5F53B71E2AFFBEFCAC52E2FCA9FC09" box="[794,883,943,970]" count="5" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="larva">5 larvae</specimenCount>
(
<collectorName id="26ACFDE81E2AFFBEFC3552FDFC35FC0A" box="[899,1007,944,970]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D. Kovac</collectorName>
leg.) (
<collectionCode id="ED4800FB1E2AFFBEFB8152FDFBAFFC0A" box="[1079,1141,944,970]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">SMF</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C343CBB51E2AFFBEFF71529EFE7CFB06" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E2AFFBEFF71529EFE7CFB06" blockId="74.[151,1437,331,1834]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFF71529EFEE0FC2D" bold="true" box="[199,314,979,1005]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Diagnosis</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2AFFBEFEFA529EFDCAFC2D" authorityName="Kovac, Kameneva &amp; V. Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[332,528,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tres">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFEFA529EFDCAFC2D" box="[332,528,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Aspistomella tres</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2AFFBEFD075299FD24FC2D" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[689,766,979,1006]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duo">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFD075299FD24FC2D" box="[689,766,979,1006]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">A. duo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2AFFBEFCA65299FC6EFC2D" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1909" box="[784,948,979,1006]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heteroptera">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFCA65299FC6EFC2D" box="[784,948,979,1006]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">A. heteroptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2AFFBEFC705299FB87FC2D" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1909" box="[966,1117,979,1006]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobioptera">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFC705299FB87FC2D" box="[966,1117,979,1006]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">A. lobioptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2AFFBEFB145299FAFFFC2D" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[1186,1317,979,1006]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="steyskali">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFB145299FAFFFC2D" box="[1186,1317,979,1006]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">A. steyskali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having the costal vein bent anteriorly before the apex of vein Sc, the costal cell lobate, and the pterostigma very short, shorter than width of costal cell (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2AFFBEFDBA5556FDACFBF6" box="[524,630,1051,1078]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="75.[151,250,1437,1461]" captionTargetBox="[155,1419,194,1414]" captionTargetId="figure-20@75.[155,1431,181,1414]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURE 44. Aspistomella tres sp. nov. holotype ♀. A, habitus, left; B, same, dorsal; C, mesonotum, dorsal; D, head, dorsal; E, same, anterior; F, wing, anterobasal part. Abbreviations: c—costal cell; C—costal vein; ptstg—pterostigma; R1—anterior branch of radius. Scale bar: 1 mm (same for A and B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023286" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023286/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Fig. 44 F</figureCitation>
), and differs from them by details of the wing pattern: apical quarter of cell r
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E2AFFBEFF67551FFF31FBA0" attach="left" box="[209,235,1106,1120]" fontSize="6" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">4+5</subScript>
entirely dark (in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2AFFBEFE07550DFD89FB99" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1909" box="[433,595,1087,1114]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heteroptera">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFE07550DFD89FB99" box="[433,595,1087,1114]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">A. heteroptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2AFFBEFDD4550DFD2DFB99" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1909" box="[610,759,1087,1114]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobioptera">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFDD4550DFD2DFB99" box="[610,759,1087,1114]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">A. lobioptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2AFFBEFCB0550DFC5CFB99" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[774,902,1087,1114]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="steyskali">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFCB0550DFC5CFB99" box="[774,902,1087,1114]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">A. steyskali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
crossed by hyaline incision);
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2AFFBEFB6D5572FA46FB99" authorityName="Kovac, Kameneva &amp; V. Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[1243,1436,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tres">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFB6D5572FA46FB99" box="[1243,1436,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Aspistomella tres</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2AFFBEFED45529FE77FBBD" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[354,429,1123,1150]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duo">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFED45529FE77FBBD" box="[354,429,1123,1150]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">A. duo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having wing apex without hyaline incisions crossing cell r
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E2AFFBEFBDB553BFB5DFB44" attach="left" box="[1133,1159,1142,1156]" fontSize="6" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">4+5</subScript>
, but differs from it by a conspicuously narrower wing and cell dm between crossveins r-m and dm-m with hyaline mark entering cell r
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E2AFFBEFA3555D7FA47FB68" attach="right" box="[1411,1437,1178,1192]" fontSize="6" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">4+5</subScript>
anteriorly (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2AFFBEFEA555E6FE43FB06" box="[275,409,1195,1222]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[175,1418,206,1566]" captionTargetId="figure-30@12.[151,1436,181,1593]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Aspistomella, wing. A, A. pachitea sp. nov.; B, A. heteroptera Hendel; C, A. duo sp. nov.; D, A. tres sp. nov.; E, A. lobioptera Hendel; F, A. steyskali sp. nov.; G, A. lunata (Hendel); H, A. enderleini sp. nov. Abbreviations: C—costal vein; c—costal cell; dm—discal medial cell; h—humeral crossvein; M1—first branch of media; M4—fourth branch of media; m1— first medial cell; m4—fourth medial cell; ptstg—pterostigma; R1—anterior branch of radius; r1—first radial cell; R2+3—second branch of radius; R 4+5 —third branch of radius; r 4+5 —fourth + fifth radial cell. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023161/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Figs 5 C, D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C343CBB51E2AFFA4FF715582FB44FF71" lastPageId="80" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E2AFFBEFF715582FC7FF8EA" blockId="74.[151,1437,331,1834]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFF715582FE8BFB29" bold="true" box="[199,337,1231,1257]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Description</emphasis>
. Male.
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2AFFBEFE10559DFE3CFB2A" bold="true" box="[422,486,1232,1258]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2AFFBEFE455582FD5BFB2A" box="[499,641,1231,1258]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="75.[151,250,1437,1461]" captionTargetBox="[155,1419,194,1414]" captionTargetId="figure-20@75.[155,1431,181,1414]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURE 44. Aspistomella tres sp. nov. holotype ♀. A, habitus, left; B, same, dorsal; C, mesonotum, dorsal; D, head, dorsal; E, same, anterior; F, wing, anterobasal part. Abbreviations: c—costal cell; C—costal vein; ptstg—pterostigma; R1—anterior branch of radius. Scale bar: 1 mm (same for A and B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023286" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023286/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Figs 44 D, E</figureCitation>
) ratio (length: height: width) = 1: 1.4: 1.6, frons, parafacial, and gena yellowish brown, except anterior part of frons yellow; lunule and face between antennae yellow, and occiput mostly black, at least in dorso-lateral part. Frons (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2AFFBEFDCB545AFD37FAF2" box="[637,749,1303,1330]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="75.[151,250,1437,1461]" captionTargetBox="[155,1419,194,1414]" captionTargetId="figure-20@75.[155,1431,181,1414]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURE 44. Aspistomella tres sp. nov. holotype ♀. A, habitus, left; B, same, dorsal; C, mesonotum, dorsal; D, head, dorsal; E, same, anterior; F, wing, anterobasal part. Abbreviations: c—costal cell; C—costal vein; ptstg—pterostigma; R1—anterior branch of radius. Scale bar: 1 mm (same for A and B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023286" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023286/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Fig. 44 D</figureCitation>
) 1.2× longer than wide, with shining, partly brown or black ocellar triangle and brown vertical plates; orbits silver-white microtrichose; parafacial narrow, 0.3–0.4× broader than postpedicel, white microtrichose. Frons with 4–5 parafrontal setulae and 2–4 frontal setae at each side, frontal vitta with 1–3 interfrontal setae at each side; anteriormost setae longer than other and half as long as outer vertical seta; 1 very long orbital seta, as long as ocellar seta, 0.6–0.75× longer than inner vertical seta and 1.7× longer than outer vertical seta; postocellar seta long, 0.5× longer than inner vertical seta; outer vertical seta short, 0.4× longer than inner vertical seta and 4–5× longer than postocular setae forming one row, allied by 4–5 dorsal and 10–16 ventral occipital setae. Lunule very narrow, indistinguishable, orange. Eye 1.4–1.5× higher than long. Face above suture 0.6–0.7× higher than wide at transverse fold, yellow, densely white microtrichose; epistome (below suture) reddish brown to black, sparsely white microtrichose, with metallic greenish or golden sheen, strongly produced anteriorly and separated from upper part of face by deep suture. Clypeus brown or yellow, densely white microtrichose, matt, 0.4–0.5× higher than epistome. Gena brownish yellow, with long genal seta and 4–6 additional, much shorter, setae anterior of it, 0.3–0.4× longer than genal seta. Occiput black, except postgena brownish-yellow, with yellowish to cyan metallic sheen, moderate densely covered with greyish microtrichia partly hiding underlying cuticle; ventral part of occiput (postgena) with 3–4 setae almost as long as genal seta.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF26C8B61E2BFFBFFF2154D0FD61FA3E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023286" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14023286" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023286/files/figure.png" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" startId="75.[151,250,1437,1461]" targetBox="[155,1419,194,1414]" targetPageId="75" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E2BFFBFFF2154D0FD61FA3E" blockId="75.[151,1437,1437,1534]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2BFFBFFF2154D0FEFBFA75" bold="true" box="[151,289,1437,1461]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">FIGURE 44.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2BFFBFFE9E54D3FE0DFA75" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[296,471,1438,1462]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tres" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2BFFBFFE9E54D3FE0DFA75" box="[296,471,1438,1462]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Aspistomella tres</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2BFFBFFE6954D3FDEAFA76" bold="true" box="[479,560,1438,1462]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21EF9571E2BFFBFFE6954D3FDEAFA76" box="[479,560,1438,1462]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
holotype ♀. A, habitus, left; B, same, dorsal; C, mesonotum, dorsal; D, head, dorsal; E, same, anterior; F, wing, anterobasal part. Abbreviations: c—costal cell; C—costal vein; ptstg—pterostigma; R
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E2BFFBFFA9B549CFAEEFA1F" attach="left" box="[1325,1332,1489,1503]" fontSize="6" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">1</subScript>
—anterior branch of radius. Scale bar: 1 mm (same for A and B).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E2BFFBFFF71571DFEBEF916" blockId="75.[151,1437,1616,1750]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Antenna yellow; postpedicel whitish microtrichose, 2–2.1× longer than wide, apically rounded; arista black except yellow at basal 0.2, almost bare. Mouthparts brown, prementum brown or black, subshining. Palp yellow, moderately wide, apically rounded, with 10–12 strong black setulae, of them 5–6 subapical setulae 1.5–2× longer than other setulae.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF26C8B61E2CFFB8FF2156DAFB93F838" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023288" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14023288" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023288/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" startId="76.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[225,1362,181,1916]" targetPageId="76" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E2CFFB8FF2156DAFB93F838" blockId="76.[151,1437,1943,2040]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2CFFB8FF2156DAFEF8F86F" bold="true" box="[151,290,1943,1967]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">FIGURE 45.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2CFFB8FE9C56D5FE00F86F" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[298,474,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tres" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2CFFB8FE9C56D5FE00F86F" box="[298,474,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Aspistomella tres</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2CFFB8FE5456D5FDEFF870" bold="true" box="[482,565,1944,1968]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21EF9571E2CFFB8FE5456D5FDEFF870" box="[482,565,1944,1968]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
SEM views ♂.
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2CFFB8FD6856DAFD2AF86F" bold="true" box="[734,752,1943,1967]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">A</emphasis>
, head, left;
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2CFFB8FCD956D5FC5AF870" bold="true" box="[879,896,1944,1968]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">B</emphasis>
, face and gena, anterolateral;
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2CFFB8FB0F56DAFB11F86F" bold="true" box="[1209,1227,1943,1967]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">C</emphasis>
, gena: microtrichia;
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2CFFB8FF2156F1FF73F814" bold="true" box="[151,169,1980,2004]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">D</emphasis>
, postgena: microtrichia;
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2CFFB8FE0756F1FE18F814" bold="true" box="[433,450,1980,2004]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">E</emphasis>
, lobe of costal cell and pterostigma;
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2CFFB8FCE756F1FCBAF814" bold="true" box="[849,864,1980,2004]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">F</emphasis>
, microtrichia and spinulose setulae on costal vein;
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2CFFB8FA3456F6FA4CF813" bold="true" box="[1410,1430,1979,2003]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">G</emphasis>
, mesonotum, setulae and microtrichia;
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2CFFB8FDAD56ADFDF5F838" bold="true" box="[539,559,2016,2040]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">H</emphasis>
, same, enlarged. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E2DFFB9FF7151DAFB8AFE11" blockId="77.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
Thorax (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2DFFB9FE9E51DAFE60FF71" box="[296,442,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="75.[151,250,1437,1461]" captionTargetBox="[155,1419,194,1414]" captionTargetId="figure-20@75.[155,1431,181,1414]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURE 44. Aspistomella tres sp. nov. holotype ♀. A, habitus, left; B, same, dorsal; C, mesonotum, dorsal; D, head, dorsal; E, same, anterior; F, wing, anterobasal part. Abbreviations: c—costal cell; C—costal vein; ptstg—pterostigma; R1—anterior branch of radius. Scale bar: 1 mm (same for A and B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023286" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023286/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Figs 44 A–C</figureCitation>
) brown to black, with bluish sheen and sparse white microtrichia not hiding underlying cuticle. Mesonotal scutum 1.3× longer than wide; prescutellar area either entirely black, including postpronotal lobes and notopleuron, or widely yellowish brown with brown margins or medially black with yellowish postpronotal lobe and notopleural triangle; black setulose, with 18–20 rows of setulae between rows of dorsocentral setulae; acrostichal prescutellar setae absent in all specimens examined, at most one pair of setulae 1.5× longer than surrounding setulae present; prescutellar area medially setulose and without setulae around dorsocentral setae. Scutellum dorsally very slightly convex, orange to dark brown, sparsely microtrichose, devoid of setulae, often with conspicuous bluish or greenish sheen. Subscutellum subshining, brown to black. Mediotergite subshining black, conspicuously microtrichose. Other setae as described for the genus. All the setae and setulae black.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E2DFFB9FF715097FEC0FC2D" blockId="77.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2DFFB9FF715097FED2FE34" bold="true" box="[199,264,474,500]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Wing</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2DFFB9FEA25096FEAEFE35" box="[276,372,474,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[175,1418,206,1566]" captionTargetId="figure-30@12.[151,1436,181,1593]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Aspistomella, wing. A, A. pachitea sp. nov.; B, A. heteroptera Hendel; C, A. duo sp. nov.; D, A. tres sp. nov.; E, A. lobioptera Hendel; F, A. steyskali sp. nov.; G, A. lunata (Hendel); H, A. enderleini sp. nov. Abbreviations: C—costal vein; c—costal cell; dm—discal medial cell; h—humeral crossvein; M1—first branch of media; M4—fourth branch of media; m1— first medial cell; m4—fourth medial cell; ptstg—pterostigma; R1—anterior branch of radius; r1—first radial cell; R2+3—second branch of radius; R 4+5 —third branch of radius; r 4+5 —fourth + fifth radial cell. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023161/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Figs 5 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2DFFB9FECB5096FE74FE35" box="[381,430,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="75.[151,250,1437,1461]" captionTargetBox="[155,1419,194,1414]" captionTargetId="figure-20@75.[155,1431,181,1414]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURE 44. Aspistomella tres sp. nov. holotype ♀. A, habitus, left; B, same, dorsal; C, mesonotum, dorsal; D, head, dorsal; E, same, anterior; F, wing, anterobasal part. Abbreviations: c—costal cell; C—costal vein; ptstg—pterostigma; R1—anterior branch of radius. Scale bar: 1 mm (same for A and B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023286" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023286/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">44 F</figureCitation>
)
<quantity id="4CA135DB1E2DFFB9FE0D5097FDE5FE35" box="[443,575,474,501]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.5" valueMin="5.5">5.5–7.5 mm</quantity>
(
<specimenCount id="9D5F53B71E2DFFB9FDFB5096FDBEFE35" box="[589,612,475,501]" count="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
),
<quantity id="4CA135DB1E2DFFB9FDC05097FD21FE35" box="[630,763,474,501]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" metricValueMax="7.9" metricValueMin="5.9" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="6.9" valueMax="7.9" valueMin="5.9">5.9–7.9 mm</quantity>
(
<specimenCount id="9D5F53B71E2DFFB9FCBC5096FCC6FE35" box="[778,796,475,501]" count="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
) long, 3.5–3.75× longer than wide; basicostal cell hyaline; costal cell lobate, 4–4.5× longer than wide, brown in basal and apical quarters of length, with costa conspicuously curved posteriorly and covered with slightly longer setulae before apex of vein Sc (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2DFFB9FB8A536EFB7DFDFD" box="[1084,1191,546,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="76.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[225,1362,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-30@76.[225,1362,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="FIGURE 45. Aspistomella tres sp. nov. SEM views ♂. A, head, left; B, face and gena, anterolateral; C, gena: microtrichia; D, postgena: microtrichia; E, lobe of costal cell and pterostigma; F, microtrichia and spinulose setulae on costal vein; G, mesonotum, setulae and microtrichia; H, same, enlarged. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023288" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023288/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 45 F</figureCitation>
); pterostigma entirely brown, narrow triangular, 0.3–0.4× longer than wide, vein R
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E2DFFB9FC8D5314FC99FDA7" attach="left" box="[827,835,601,615]" fontSize="6" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">1</subScript>
with 4–6 setulae dorsally (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2DFFB9FBC7530AFB06FDA1" box="[1137,1244,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="75.[151,250,1437,1461]" captionTargetBox="[155,1419,194,1414]" captionTargetId="figure-20@75.[155,1431,181,1414]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURE 44. Aspistomella tres sp. nov. holotype ♀. A, habitus, left; B, same, dorsal; C, mesonotum, dorsal; D, head, dorsal; E, same, anterior; F, wing, anterobasal part. Abbreviations: c—costal cell; C—costal vein; ptstg—pterostigma; R1—anterior branch of radius. Scale bar: 1 mm (same for A and B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023286" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023286/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Figs 44 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2DFFB9FB51530BFAE1FDA1" box="[1255,1339,582,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="76.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[225,1362,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-30@76.[225,1362,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="FIGURE 45. Aspistomella tres sp. nov. SEM views ♂. A, head, left; B, face and gena, anterolateral; C, gena: microtrichia; D, postgena: microtrichia; E, lobe of costal cell and pterostigma; F, microtrichia and spinulose setulae on costal vein; G, mesonotum, setulae and microtrichia; H, same, enlarged. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023288" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023288/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">45 E, F</figureCitation>
), ending slightly distal to middle of R
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E2DFFB9FE535330FE24FD4B" attach="left" box="[485,510,637,651]" fontSize="6" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">2+3</subScript>
first section (between fork and crossvein dm-m) in both sexes; vein R
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E2DFFB9FA865330FA93FD4B" attach="left" box="[1328,1353,637,651]" fontSize="6" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">2+3</subScript>
faintly arcuate or almost straight, subparallel to costa to very apex. Crossvein r-m conspicuously distal to middle of cell dm in both sexes. Cell r
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E2DFFB9FECC5388FE4EFD13" attach="left" box="[378,404,709,723]" fontSize="6" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">4+5</subScript>
5.5–7× longer than wide, apically narrowed. Cell m
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E2DFFB9FC505388FC34FD13" attach="left" box="[998,1006,709,723]" fontSize="6" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">1</subScript>
narrow triangular; ultimate section of M
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E2DFFB9FF0653A4FF62FD37" attach="left" box="[176,184,745,759]" fontSize="6" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">1</subScript>
4–5× longer than crossvein dm-m and 2–2.3× longer than penultimate section. Vein CuA sinuate, cell cua with very short posteroapical lobe along vein CuP. Wing pattern with short subbasal crossband from humeral vein to base of cell cua and large dark brown mark widely from apical lobe of costal cell almost to base of cell dm 3 whitish hyaline incisions (one wide triangular at anterior margin extending from cell r
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E2DFFB9FBBE5218FBCAFCA3" attach="left" box="[1032,1040,853,867]" fontSize="6" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">1</subScript>
into r
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E2DFFB9FBE35218FBB4FCA3" attach="left" box="[1109,1134,853,867]" fontSize="6" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">2+3</subScript>
next to crossvein r-m, and two oblique cuneiform at posterior margin, extending from cells m
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E2DFFB9FC3C5234FC48FC47" attach="left" box="[906,914,889,903]" fontSize="6" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">1</subScript>
and m
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E2DFFB9FC565234FC32FC47" attach="left" box="[992,1000,889,903]" fontSize="6" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">4</subScript>
into cell r
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E2DFFB9FBEB5234FBADFC47" attach="left" box="[1117,1143,889,903]" fontSize="6" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">4+5</subScript>
at both sides of crossvein dm-m; cell m
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E2DFFB9FE9852D0FEECFC6B" attach="left" box="[302,310,925,939]" fontSize="6" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">4</subScript>
, cup (anal cell sensu
<bibRefCitation id="EFC8E5CF1E2DFFB9FD9352C6FCAAFC65" author="Kameneva, E. &amp; Korneyev, V." box="[549,880,907,933]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" refId="ref75381" refString="Kameneva, E. &amp; Korneyev, V. (2010) 66. Ulidiidae (picture-winged flies). In: Brown, B. V., Borkent, A., Wood, D. M. &amp; Zumbado, M. (Eds.), Manual of Central American Diptera. Vol. 2. NRC, Ottawa, pp. 883 - 904." type="book" year="2010">Kameneva &amp; Korneyev 2010</bibRefCitation>
) and anal lobe grey; anal lobe as wide as cell cua. Alula 3× longer than wide, darkened in apical half. Calypters white, with white ciliae. Halter yellow with brown or black knob.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E2DFFB9FF7152BAFD03FB05" blockId="77.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
Legs (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2DFFB9FEBB52BAFEA0FBD1" box="[269,378,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="75.[151,250,1437,1461]" captionTargetBox="[155,1419,194,1414]" captionTargetId="figure-20@75.[155,1431,181,1414]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURE 44. Aspistomella tres sp. nov. holotype ♀. A, habitus, left; B, same, dorsal; C, mesonotum, dorsal; D, head, dorsal; E, same, anterior; F, wing, anterobasal part. Abbreviations: c—costal cell; C—costal vein; ptstg—pterostigma; R1—anterior branch of radius. Scale bar: 1 mm (same for A and B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023286" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023286/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 44 A</figureCitation>
) with yellow fore coxae and all trochanters, and brown to yellow mid and hind coxae; femora yellow, in apicodorsal half mostly brown; tibiae and tarsi brown, in teneral sapecimens pale brownish yellow, black setose and setulose, without conspicuous microtrichia or metallic sheen in examined specimens. Fore femur with 2 rows of posterodorsal and posterior setae, and 1–2 preapical posteroventral setae, all slightly shorter than femur width. Mid femur anteriorly and posteriorly with short setulae, but without long erect setae; mid tibia ventrally with single spur-like seta 1.7–2× longer than tibia width.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E2DFFB9FF715583FB2FFAF1" blockId="77.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2DFFB9FF715583FEE6FB28" bold="true" box="[199,316,1230,1256]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Abdomen</emphasis>
moderately elongate brown to entirely black, syntergite 1+2 often brownish yellow; tergites finely sparsely microtrichose, with faint cyan metallic sheen, except tergite 5 of
<specimenCount id="9D5F53B71E2DFFB9FC5055BEFC21FACD" box="[998,1019,1267,1293]" count="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
and tergite 6 of
<specimenCount id="9D5F53B71E2DFFB9FB0B55BEFB08FACD" box="[1213,1234,1267,1293]" count="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(the latter almost entirely hidden inderneath tergite 5) brown or black without metallic sheen; setulae and setae black.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E2DFFB9FF715476FC37FAB9" blockId="77.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2DFFB9FF715476FE71FA95" bold="true" box="[199,427,1339,1365]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Male postabdomen</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2DFFB9FE0D5476FD91FA95" box="[443,587,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1626,1650]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,495,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-194@78.[151,1436,489,1602]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 46. Aspistomella tres sp. nov. ♂ genitalia. A, postabdomen, posterior; B, same, lateral; C, hypandrium, anterior; D, surstylus, anteroventral; E, same, lateral. Abbreviations: cerc—cerci; ph—phallus; phapod—phallapodeme; pi p—pimple-like process; s—seta; sur—surstylus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023290" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023290/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Figs 46 A–E</figureCitation>
) as described for
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2DFFB9FCA35476FC84FA95" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[789,862,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duo">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2DFFB9FCA35476FC84FA95" box="[789,862,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">A. duo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but phallus somewhat shorter, only 2.5–3× longer than epandrium height (in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2DFFB9FE765412FDD3FAB9" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[448,521,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duo">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2DFFB9FE765412FDD3FAB9" box="[448,521,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">A. duo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, at least 4× longer than epandrium height).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E2DFFB9FF7154CEFB2EFA5D" blockId="77.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,1268,1410,1437]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2DFFB9FF7154CEFE7BFA5C" bold="true" box="[199,417,1410,1437]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Female terminalia</emphasis>
not dissected, aculeus not flattened, with cercal unit oval and long setulose.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E2DFFB9FF7154EBFD7BFA25" blockId="77.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2DFFB9FF7154EBFD51FA01" bold="true" box="[199,651,1446,1473]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Third instar larva. General structure</emphasis>
: As in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2DFFB9FD5754EAFCF6FA01" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[737,812,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duo">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2DFFB9FD5754EAFCF6FA01" box="[737,812,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">A. duo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, body length
<quantity id="4CA135DB1E2DFFB9FC7A54EAFBB8FA01" box="[972,1122,1447,1473]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0100000000000002" metricValueMax="1.1800000000000002" metricValueMin="0.8400000000000001" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="10.1" valueMax="11.8" valueMin="8.4">8.4–11.8 mm</quantity>
(median:
<quantity id="4CA135DB1E2DFFB9FB6E54EAFAE9FA01" box="[1240,1331,1447,1473]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="9.9">9.9 mm</quantity>
; n = 10), width
<quantity id="4CA135DB1E2DFFB9FF685486FEBFFA25" box="[222,357,1483,1509]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="2.55" valueMax="2.9" valueMin="2.2">2.2–2.9 mm</quantity>
(median:
<quantity id="4CA135DB1E2DFFB9FE605487FDE7FA25" box="[470,573,1482,1509]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="2.75">2.75 mm</quantity>
; n = 10).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E2DFFB9FF7154A2FF3AF991" blockId="77.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2DFFB9FF7154A2FE52F9C9" bold="true" box="[199,392,1519,1545]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Pseudocephalon</emphasis>
: As in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2DFFB9FE6954A2FDF8F9C9" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[479,546,1519,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duo">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2DFFB9FE6954A2FDF8F9C9" box="[479,546,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">A.duo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Second antennal segment retracted, not visible. Structure and pattern of oral ridges as in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2DFFB9FE91575EFEA9F9ED" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[295,371,1555,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duo">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2DFFB9FE91575EFEA9F9ED" box="[295,371,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">A. duo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, thirty central oral ridges adjacent to oral cavity, identical on both sides of the body (n =
<specimenCount id="9D5F53B71E2DFFB9FA38575EFF0EF991" count="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="larva">1 larva</specimenCount>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E2DFFB9FF715717FBAEF97D" blockId="77.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2DFFB9FF715717FDC0F9B5" bold="true" box="[199,538,1626,1653]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Cephalopharyngeal skeleton</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2DFFB9FD9F5716FD5EF9B5" box="[553,644,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1272,1296]" captionTargetBox="[168,1420,215,1223]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[151,1436,181,1249]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Cephalopharyngeal skeletons of Aspistomella (A–B) and Ulivellia (C–D) and scheme for measuring the mouthhook and posterior spiracles (E–F). A, Aspistomella duo sp. nov.; B, A. tres sp. nov.; C, Ulivellia arcuata sp. nov.; D, U. tenoris sp. nov.; E, mouthhook measurements; F, posterior spiracles measurements.The scale of A–D is the same.Abbreviations:at—apical tooth, cr—cibarial ridge, da—dorsal apodeme, db—dorsal bridge, dc—dorsal cornu, ds—dental sclerite, hs—hypopharyngeal sclerite, mh—mouth hook, n—neck, pb—parastomal bars, ps—pharyngeal sclerite, pt—preapical tooth, tp—tentorial phragma, va—ventral apodeme, vb—ventral bridge, vc—ventral cornu, w—light window. Measurements: sd—shortest distance, sw— spiracular width,—a–e, see Material and Methods. (All figures by Alexander Schneider.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023165/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 7 B</figureCitation>
) as in
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2DFFB9FD7A5716FC4FF9B5" box="[716,917,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2DFFB9FD7A5716FC4AF9B5" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[716,912,1627,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duo">Aspistomella duo</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Total length about
<quantity id="4CA135DB1E2DFFB9FBDC5716FB65F9B5" box="[1130,1215,1627,1653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
(n = 2). Indentation between tips of apical tooth and ventral apodeme 0.81–0.83× as deep as wide. Hypopharyngeal sclerite 4.5–4.9× longer than high. Parastomal bars curved, 1.1–1.2× longer than hypopharyngeal sclerite.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E2DFFB9FF71578BFF3DF88D" blockId="77.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2DFFB9FF71578BFE37F921" bold="true" box="[199,493,1734,1761]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Thoracic segments I–III</emphasis>
: As in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2DFFB9FDF0578AFD52F921" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[582,648,1735,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duo">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2DFFB9FDF0578AFD52F921" box="[582,648,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">A.duo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Anterior spiracles on thoracic segment I contain 19–25 tubules per row (median = 22, n = 20 rows of tubules from
<specimenCount id="9D5F53B71E2DFFB9FD0857A6FCF1F8C5" box="[702,811,1771,1797]" count="10" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="larva">10 larvae</specimenCount>
). The number of tubules on the left or right side of the same larva differs by one to four tubules. Spatial pattern of cuticular sensilla and paired spiracular openings as in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2DFFB9FF21567EFF3AF88D" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,224,1843,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duo">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2DFFB9FF21567EFF3AF88D" box="[151,224,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">A. duo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E2DFFBAFF71561BFCA1FE11" blockId="77.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="78.[151,1437,151,465]" lastPageId="78" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2DFFB9FF71561BFDCCF8B1" bold="true" box="[199,534,1878,1905]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Abdominal segments I–VII.</emphasis>
Abdominal segments I-VII bear 13 cuticular sensilla on each side of the body and a pair of rudimentary lateral spiracles (see
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2DFFB9FD295636FD26F855" box="[671,764,1915,1941]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1080,1104]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,184,1050]" captionTargetId="figure-30@16.[152,1436,181,1056]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Schematic representation of the types of cuticular sensilla and their distribution on thoracic and abdominal segments (A) and caudal segment (B, C) of Ulivellia tenoris sp. nov. (identical to other Ulivellia and Aspistomella species). Abbreviations: T1–T3 = thoracic segments 1–3, A1–A7 = abdominal segments 1–7. Legend of sensilla types in the figure. (All figures by Alexander Schneider.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023169/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 8 A</figureCitation>
). Ventrally, the creeping welts on abdominal segments I–VII are arranged as follows: CW1 (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2DFFB9FE4856D2FDB5F879" box="[510,623,1951,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1717,1741]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,273,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-72@79.[151,1436,273,1694]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 47. A. tres sp. nov., SEM views of ventral abdominal creeping welts (CW) and anterior spiracles. (A-E) and Aspistomella sp., anterior spiracles (F). A, CW1 on abdominal segment I; B, CW2 on abdominal segment II; C, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, magnified area shows a double row of large spinules; D, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII; E, right posterior spiracle of A. tres sp. nov.; F, left anterior spiracle of Aspistomella sp. Abbreviations: a-e—creeping welt rows a–e. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023292/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 47 A</figureCitation>
): three rows of long and acute spinules, first and third row continuous, middle row with about ten slightly curved short rows vertically shifted relative to each other. All bristles directed posteriorly. CW2 (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2EFFBAFEDE51DAFE0DFF71" box="[360,471,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1717,1741]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,273,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-72@79.[151,1436,273,1694]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 47. A. tres sp. nov., SEM views of ventral abdominal creeping welts (CW) and anterior spiracles. (A-E) and Aspistomella sp., anterior spiracles (F). A, CW1 on abdominal segment I; B, CW2 on abdominal segment II; C, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, magnified area shows a double row of large spinules; D, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII; E, right posterior spiracle of A. tres sp. nov.; F, left anterior spiracle of Aspistomella sp. Abbreviations: a-e—creeping welt rows a–e. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023292/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 47 B</figureCitation>
): two discontinuous or incomplete rows (b) followed by a continuous central row (c), followed by a row of large spines (row d) arranged as follows: two short horizontal central rows, each consisting of two groups of large spinules each, four to six spinules in each group, three large spinules between them, central rows laterally flanked by five inclined curved rows angled to body midline, each inclined row with anterior large spinules interconnected with a posterior group of smaller spinules; last row e with more or less continuous small spinules. All spinules directed posteriorly. CW3
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2EFFBAFD065006FD64FEA5" bold="true" box="[688,702,331,357]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">–</emphasis>
CW7 (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2EFFBAFCBF5006FCADFEA5" box="[777,887,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1717,1741]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,273,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-72@79.[151,1436,273,1694]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 47. A. tres sp. nov., SEM views of ventral abdominal creeping welts (CW) and anterior spiracles. (A-E) and Aspistomella sp., anterior spiracles (F). A, CW1 on abdominal segment I; B, CW2 on abdominal segment II; C, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, magnified area shows a double row of large spinules; D, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII; E, right posterior spiracle of A. tres sp. nov.; F, left anterior spiracle of Aspistomella sp. Abbreviations: a-e—creeping welt rows a–e. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023292/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 47 C</figureCitation>
): similar to CW2, but with an additional anterior row of anteriorly oriented spinules (row a). In addition, the two central horizontal rows in row d and one adjacent inclined row on each side have a double row of large spinules (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2EFFBAFCED50DEFC12FE6D" box="[859,968,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1717,1741]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,273,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-72@79.[151,1436,273,1694]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 47. A. tres sp. nov., SEM views of ventral abdominal creeping welts (CW) and anterior spiracles. (A-E) and Aspistomella sp., anterior spiracles (F). A, CW1 on abdominal segment I; B, CW2 on abdominal segment II; C, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, magnified area shows a double row of large spinules; D, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII; E, right posterior spiracle of A. tres sp. nov.; F, left anterior spiracle of Aspistomella sp. Abbreviations: a-e—creeping welt rows a–e. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023292/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 47 C</figureCitation>
, inset). The anterior row of large spinules is anteriorly oriented and the posterior row is posteriorly oriented.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF26C8B61E2EFFBAFF215717FE38F97A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023290" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14023290" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023290/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" startId="78.[151,250,1626,1650]" targetBox="[157,1430,495,1597]" targetPageId="78" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E2EFFBAFF215717FE38F97A" blockId="78.[151,1436,1626,1722]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2EFFBAFF215717FEFBF9B2" bold="true" box="[151,289,1626,1650]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">FIGURE 46.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2EFFBAFE9E5717FE0DF9B2" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[296,471,1626,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tres" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2EFFBAFE9E5717FE0DF9B2" box="[296,471,1626,1650]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Aspistomella tres</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2EFFBAFE685717FDF5F9B2" bold="true" box="[478,559,1626,1650]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21EF9571E2EFFBAFE685717FDF5F9B2" box="[478,559,1626,1650]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
♂ genitalia.
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2EFFBAFD035717FD1DF9B2" bold="true" box="[693,711,1626,1650]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">A</emphasis>
, postabdomen, posterior;
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2EFFBAFC645717FC39F9B2" bold="true" box="[978,995,1626,1650]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">B</emphasis>
, same, lateral;
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2EFFBAFBC95717FB4BF9B2" bold="true" box="[1151,1169,1626,1650]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">C</emphasis>
, hypandrium, anterior;
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2EFFBAFA325717FA4CF9B2" bold="true" box="[1412,1430,1626,1650]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">D</emphasis>
, surstylus, anteroventral;
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2EFFBAFE245733FE79F956" bold="true" box="[402,419,1662,1686]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">E</emphasis>
, same, lateral. Abbreviations: cerc—cerci; ph—phallus; phapod—phallapodeme; pi p—pimple-like process; s—seta; sur—surstylus.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E2EFFBAFF715641FA4FF8AE" blockId="78.[151,1437,1804,2011]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2EFFBAFF715641FE5CF8E6" bold="true" box="[199,390,1804,1830]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Caudal segment</emphasis>
. The caudal segment bears 13 cuticular sensilla on each side of the body (see
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2EFFBAFB425641FAEDF8E6" box="[1268,1335,1804,1830]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1080,1104]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,184,1050]" captionTargetId="figure-30@16.[152,1436,181,1056]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Schematic representation of the types of cuticular sensilla and their distribution on thoracic and abdominal segments (A) and caudal segment (B, C) of Ulivellia tenoris sp. nov. (identical to other Ulivellia and Aspistomella species). Abbreviations: T1–T3 = thoracic segments 1–3, A1–A7 = abdominal segments 1–7. Legend of sensilla types in the figure. (All figures by Alexander Schneider.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023169/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Caudal creeping welt CW8 structured similarly to CW3
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2EFFBAFD05567DFD1BF88A" bold="true" box="[691,705,1840,1866]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">–</emphasis>
CW7, but last row arranged along the anterior margin of perianal pad with anteriorly directed bristles; large spinules less inclined, not connected to smaller spinule rows (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2EFFBAFAAC5619FA5DF8AE" box="[1306,1415,1876,1902]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1717,1741]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,273,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-72@79.[151,1436,273,1694]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 47. A. tres sp. nov., SEM views of ventral abdominal creeping welts (CW) and anterior spiracles. (A-E) and Aspistomella sp., anterior spiracles (F). A, CW1 on abdominal segment I; B, CW2 on abdominal segment II; C, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, magnified area shows a double row of large spinules; D, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII; E, right posterior spiracle of A. tres sp. nov.; F, left anterior spiracle of Aspistomella sp. Abbreviations: a-e—creeping welt rows a–e. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023292/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 47 D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E2EFFBBFF715635FE50FF39" blockId="78.[151,1437,1804,2011]" lastBlockId="79.[151,1436,151,249]" lastPageId="79" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
Posterior spiracles (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2EFFBAFE125635FDC9F853" box="[420,531,1912,1939]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1717,1741]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,273,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-72@79.[151,1436,273,1694]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 47. A. tres sp. nov., SEM views of ventral abdominal creeping welts (CW) and anterior spiracles. (A-E) and Aspistomella sp., anterior spiracles (F). A, CW1 on abdominal segment I; B, CW2 on abdominal segment II; C, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, magnified area shows a double row of large spinules; D, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII; E, right posterior spiracle of A. tres sp. nov.; F, left anterior spiracle of Aspistomella sp. Abbreviations: a-e—creeping welt rows a–e. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023292/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Figs 47 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E2EFFBAFDA95635FD92F852" box="[543,584,1912,1938]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-20@17.[151,1436,181,1610]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 9. Larvae and puparia of Aspistomella (A–B, F–G, I) and Ulivellia (C–E, H). A, A. duo larva, posterior spiracles; B, A. tres larva, same; C, U. tenoris larva, right posterior spiracle; D, U. arcuata larva, right posterior spiracle; E, U. arcuata puparium, right posterior spiracle; F, Aspistomella sp. larva, right posterior spiracle; G, A. duo, empty puparial exuvium; H, U. tenoris empty puparial exuvium; I, A. duo larva, creeping welt on fifth abdominal segment. Arrow indicates an incomplete second row of large spinules. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023171/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">9 B</figureCitation>
) oval-angular, length
<quantity id="4CA135DB1E2EFFBAFC895635FC0EF853" box="[831,980,1912,1939]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" metricValueMax="7.199999999999999" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="0.61" valueMax="0.72" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.72 mm</quantity>
(median = 0.6, n = 15), width
<quantity id="4CA135DB1E2EFFBAFA9A5635FF19F877" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" metricValueMax="5.8999999999999995" metricValueMin="4.3" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="0.51" valueMax="0.59" valueMin="0.43">0.43–0.59 mm</quantity>
(median = 0.48, n = 15), shortest distance between spiracles
<quantity id="4CA135DB1E2EFFBAFCDF56D1FBD1F877" box="[873,1035,1948,1975]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.135" metricValueMax="1.34" metricValueMin="0.93" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="1.135" valueMax="1.34" valueMin="0.93">0.93–1.34 mm</quantity>
(n =19). Spiracular slits with 12–15 turns, shape similar as in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2EFFBAFE09568DFDD1F81A" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[447,523,1984,2010]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duo">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2EFFBAFE09568DFDD1F81A" box="[447,523,1984,2010]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">A. duo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but terminal turn long, rather narrow and spiracular slits 1 and 2 symmetrical. Apical part of yellow area not club-shaped and with sharp margins. Spiracular Hair group 1: 7–11 hair trunks, Hair group 2: 1 hair trunk, Hair group 3: 5–8 hair trunks and Hair group 4: 11–14 hair trunks (n = 4 spiracles). Anal complex as in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2FFFBBFE8C5192FE59FF39" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[314,387,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duo">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2FFFBBFE8C5192FE59FF39" box="[314,387,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">A. duo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF26C8B61E2FFFBBFF2157F8FDEBF89D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023292" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14023292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023292/files/figure.png" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" startId="79.[151,250,1717,1741]" targetBox="[151,1436,273,1691]" targetPageId="79" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E2FFFBBFF2157F8FDEBF89D" blockId="79.[151,1437,1717,1885]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2FFFBBFF2157F8FEFEF90D" bold="true" box="[151,292,1717,1741]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">FIGURE 47.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2FFFBBFE9857F8FEA9F90D" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[302,371,1717,1741]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tres" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2FFFBBFE9857F8FEA9F90D" box="[302,371,1717,1741]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">A. tres</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2FFFBBFEC857F8FE08F90D" bold="true" box="[382,466,1717,1741]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21EF9571E2FFFBBFEC857F8FE08F90D" box="[382,466,1717,1741]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, SEM views of ventral abdominal creeping welts (
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2FFFBBFC4157F8FBF9F90D" bold="true" box="[1015,1059,1717,1741]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">CW</emphasis>
) and anterior spiracles. (
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2FFFBBFA8F57F8FABFF90D" bold="true" box="[1337,1381,1717,1741]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">A -E</emphasis>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2FFFBBFF215794FE99F931" box="[151,323,1753,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2FFFBBFF215794FEC0F931" box="[151,282,1753,1777]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Aspistomella</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
, anterior spiracles (
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2FFFBBFDA55794FDF8F931" bold="true" box="[531,546,1753,1777]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">F</emphasis>
).
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2FFFBBFD8D5794FD97F931" bold="true" box="[571,589,1753,1777]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">A</emphasis>
, CW1 on abdominal segment I;
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2FFFBBFC1D5794FC66F931" bold="true" box="[939,956,1753,1777]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">B</emphasis>
, CW2 on abdominal segment II;
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2FFFBBFA945794FAEEF931" bold="true" box="[1314,1332,1753,1777]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">C</emphasis>
, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, magnified area shows a double row of large spinules;
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2FFFBBFC1A57B0FC64F8D5" bold="true" box="[940,958,1789,1813]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">D</emphasis>
, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII;
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2FFFBBFA3357B0FA4CF8D5" bold="true" box="[1413,1430,1789,1813]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">E</emphasis>
, right posterior spiracle of
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2FFFBBFE17566CFE39F8F9" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[417,483,1825,1849]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tres" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2FFFBBFE17566CFE39F8F9" box="[417,483,1825,1849]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">A. tres</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2FFFBBFE5C566CFDE1F8F9" bold="true" box="[490,571,1825,1849]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21EF9571E2FFFBBFE5C566CFDE1F8F9" box="[490,571,1825,1849]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2FFFBBFDFC566CFD83F8F9" bold="true" box="[586,601,1825,1849]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">F</emphasis>
, left anterior spiracle of
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E2FFFBBFCEE566CFC25F8F9" box="[856,1023,1825,1849]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E2FFFBBFCEE566CFC01F8F9" box="[856,987,1825,1849]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Aspistomella</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
Abbreviations: a-e—creeping welt rows a–e. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E30FFA4FF7151DBFB44FF71" blockId="80.[151,1437,150,393]" box="[199,1182,150,177]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E30FFA4FF7151DBFE92FF70" bold="true" box="[199,328,150,176]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Puparium.</emphasis>
Length
<quantity id="4CA135DB1E30FFA4FE1351DAFE24FF71" box="[421,510,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="8.4">8.4 mm</quantity>
; maximum width at 4
<superScript id="7C2C35761E30FFA4FD4451DBFD25FF64" attach="left" box="[754,767,150,164]" fontSize="6" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">th</superScript>
abdominal segment,
<quantity id="4CA135DB1E30FFA4FC5851DAFB9EFF71" box="[1006,1092,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
(n = 1).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C343CBB51E30FFA4FF7151F6FC94FF39" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E30FFA4FF7151F6FC94FF39" blockId="80.[151,1437,150,393]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E30FFA4FF7151F6FEEEFF15" bold="true" box="[199,308,187,213]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Remarks</emphasis>
. The three reared males are teneral and apparently faded colour in alcohol; body brown, wings almost entirely hyaline with faint traces of dark pattern as in females.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C343CBB51E30FFA4FF71504EFD87FE81" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E30FFA4FF71504EFD87FE81" blockId="80.[151,1437,150,393]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E30FFA4FF71504EFE92FEDD" bold="true" box="[199,328,259,285]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Etymology</emphasis>
. The species name means “three” in Latin, reflecting the wing pattern, which is similar to the number “3”, and is a noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C343CBB51E30FFA4FF715006FAD6FEA5" box="[199,1292,331,357]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E30FFA4FF715006FAD6FEA5" blockId="80.[151,1437,150,393]" box="[199,1292,331,357]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E30FFA4FF715006FEEEFEA5" bold="true" box="[199,308,331,357]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E30FFA4FEF45006FDD8FEA5" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[322,514,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tres">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E30FFA4FEF45006FE09FEA5" box="[322,467,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Aspistomella</emphasis>
tres
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
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<emphasis id="B92D442C1E30FFA4FC845006FCA1FEA5" box="[818,891,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">A. duo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as described under
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E30FFA4FBEC5006FB79FEA5" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[1114,1187,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duo">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E30FFA4FBEC5006FB79FEA5" box="[1114,1187,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">A. duo</emphasis>
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remarks.
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<emphasis id="B92D442C1E30FFA4FF715023FEFBFE48" bold="true" box="[199,289,366,392]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Biology</emphasis>
. Larvae inhabit water-filled bamboo internode cavities of
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E30FFA4FC195022FB4CFE49" box="[943,1174,367,393]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Guadua" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustifolia">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E30FFA4FC195022FB4CFE49" box="[943,1174,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Guadua angustifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, biology as in
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<emphasis id="B92D442C1E30FFA4FA8D5022FA5EFE49" box="[1339,1412,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">A. duo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

768
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<typeStatus id="54E2269C1E34FFA0FF2152DFFF13FC6A" box="[151,201,914,938]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Type</typeStatus>
species:
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(by original designation).
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:
<bibRefCitation id="EFC8E5CF1E34FFA0FF4B52FDFE55FC08" author="Steyskal, G. C." box="[253,399,944,968]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" refId="ref76283" refString="Steyskal, G. C. (1968) 54. Family Otitidae (Ortalidae; including Pterocallidae, Ulidiidae). In: Vanzolini, P. E. &amp; Papavero, N. (Eds.), A catalogue of the Diptera of Americas south of the United States. Departamento de Zoologia, Secretaria da Agricultura, Sao Paulo, pp. 54.1 - 54.31." type="book" year="1968">Steyskal 1968</bibRefCitation>
: 54.22.
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<subSubSection id="C343CBB51E34FFA0FF2152BDFBA6F952" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E34FFA0FF2152BDFBCEFB5B" blockId="84.[151,1437,1008,2043]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E34FFA0FF2152BDFED0FBCA" bold="true" box="[151,266,1008,1034]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. The genus possesses all the diagnostic characters of the tribe
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E34FFA0FC7F52BDFBE9FBCA" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1935" box="[969,1075,1008,1034]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Lipsanini">Lipsanini</taxonomicName>
and the
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E34FFA0FB2552BDFADAFBCA" authorityName="Macquart" authorityYear="1835" box="[1171,1280,1008,1034]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Amethysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E34FFA0FB2552BDFADAFBCA" box="[1171,1280,1008,1034]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Amethysa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lineage: head and body with greenish or bluish metallic sheen, sparsely whitish microtrichose, ocellar setae strong; phallus bare or covered with fine microtrichia, shortened or sometimes bar-like, apically without glans; female abdominal tergites 4–6 without anteromedial apodemes, only two spermathecae present. Frons with short parafrontal setulae near orbits, and clearly differentiated from them strong frontal and interfrontal setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E34FFA0FF7155E9FA80FA8E" blockId="84.[151,1437,1008,2043]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
Species of
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E34FFA0FE8B55E9FE44FB7E" authorityName="Speiser" authorityYear="1929" box="[317,414,1188,1214]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E34FFA0FE8B55E9FE44FB7E" box="[317,414,1188,1214]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Ulivellia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are easily distinguished from most genera of the
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E34FFA0FC0455E9FBC1FB7E" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1935" box="[946,1051,1188,1214]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Lipsanini">Lipsanini</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E34FFA0FB9B55E9FB43FB7E" authorityName="Macquart" authorityYear="1835" box="[1069,1177,1188,1214]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Amethysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E34FFA0FB9B55E9FB43FB7E" box="[1069,1177,1188,1214]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Amethysa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lineage by the presence of crossveins r-m and dm-m, which are strongly displaced basally, so that r-m is at the level of the Sc apex and dmm is slightly distal to R
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E34FFA0FE2955B3FE7DFACC" attach="left" box="[415,423,1278,1292]" fontSize="6" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">1</subScript>
apex level. All known species have an elongate and narrow pterostigma and setulose vein R
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E34FFA0FF1C546FFF68FAF0" attach="right" box="[170,178,1314,1328]" fontSize="6" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">1</subScript>
. The other lipsaniine species with the crossvein r-m at the level of the Sc apex assigned to the genera
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E34FFA0FA95545DFEF6FA8E" authority="Hendel, 1909" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1909" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Axiologina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E34FFA0FA95545DFA47FAEA" box="[1315,1437,1296,1322]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Axiologina</emphasis>
Hendel, 1909
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E34FFA0FED45478FD99FA8E" authority="Loew, 1868" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1868" box="[354,579,1332,1359]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Euxesta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E34FFA0FED45478FE60FA8E" box="[354,442,1333,1358]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Euxesta</emphasis>
Loew, 1868
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E34FFA0FDE45479FD16FA8E" box="[594,716,1332,1358]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1686,1710]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,187,1657]" captionTargetId="figure-20@11.[241,1346,181,1662]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ulivellia, Polyteloptera and similar genera, wing. A, U. amnoni sp. nov.; B, U. inversa Speiser; C, U. laetitiae sp. nov.; D–E, U. arcuata sp. nov. (D—male, E—female); F, U. tenoris sp. nov.; G, U. pseudinsolita sp. nov.; H, P. apotropa Hendel; I, “Euxesta” insolita Hendel; J, Gen. sp. near insolita; K, Axiologina ferrumequinum Hendel. Abbreviations. Veins and cells: bm—basal medial cell; br—basal radial cell; c—costal cell; C—costal vein; cua—anterior cubital cell; CuA+CuP— anterior branch of cubital vein + posterior branch of cubital vein; dm—discal medial cell; dm-m—discal medial crossvein; h—humeral crossvein; M1—first branch of media; m1—first medial cell; M4—fourth branch of media; m4—fourth medial cell; ptstg—pterostigma; R1—anterior branch of radius; r1—first radial cell; r2+3—second + third radial cell; R2+3—second branch of radius; R 4+5 —third branch of radius; r 4+5 —fourth + fifth radial cell; r-m—radial-medial crossvein; Sc—subcostal vein. Wing pattern: DB = discal band; HB = humeral band; AAB = anterior apical band; SAB = subapical band; SCB = subcostal band. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023159/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Figs 4 I–K</figureCitation>
) have subequal, low epistome and high clypeus (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E34FFA0FB5B5479FA96FA8E" box="[1261,1356,1332,1358]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1454,1478]" captionTargetBox="[165,1431,193,1414]" captionTargetId="figure-30@10.[151,1435,181,1430]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Lipsanini, head (A–B—dorsal, C–D—left lateral view). A, Ulivellia amnoni sp. nov.; B, Euxesta quaternaria Loew; C, Aspistomella garleppi sp. nov.; D, “Euxesta” insolita Hendel. Abbreviations: a orb s—anterior orbital seta; ar— arista; clyp—clypeus; epst—epistome; fr s—frontal seta; fr stl—frontal setulae; fr vit—frontal vitta; frorb plt—fronto-orbital plate; gn s—genal seta; i vt s—inner vertical seta; ifr s—interfrontal seta; o vt s—outer vertical seta; oc s—ocellar seta; p orb s—posterior orbital seta; pafc—parafacial; ped—pedicel; pfr stl—parafrontal setula; pgn s—postgenal seta; poc s—postocellar seta; pocl s—postocular setae; pped—postpedicel; pst s—perisomal setae; vt plt—vertical plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023157" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023157/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Fig. 3 D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E34FFA0FF715415FBFEFAB2" blockId="84.[151,1437,1008,2043]" box="[199,1060,1368,1395]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Halter either entirely black, or with a black knob, sometimes entirely yellow.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E34FFA0FF715431FBA6F952" blockId="84.[151,1437,1008,2043]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
The species of
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E34FFA0FEC05431FE02FA56" authorityName="Speiser" authorityYear="1929" box="[374,472,1404,1430]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E34FFA0FEC05431FE02FA56" box="[374,472,1404,1430]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Ulivellia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from the closely related and superficially similar, elongate and moderately large metallic greenish flies of the
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E34FFA0FD1254EDFCEFFA7A" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1909" box="[676,821,1440,1466]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E34FFA0FD1254EDFCEFFA7A" box="[676,821,1440,1466]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Aspistomella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group of genera, which also often have black halteres, by the combination of the wing discal crossband uniformly narrow or not reaching posterior half of the wing (in other genera, strongly widened posteriorly) and crossvein r-m at the level of vein Sc or basal of it (in other genera, distal to the apex of the vein R
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E34FFA0FE5C5753FE28F9EC" attach="left" box="[490,498,1566,1580]" fontSize="6" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">1</subScript>
, except in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E34FFA0FDDD5741FCBBF9E6" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[619,865,1548,1574]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="garleppi">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E34FFA0FDDD5741FCBBF9E6" box="[619,865,1548,1574]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Aspistomella garleppi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, where the crossvein r-m is proximal to the apex of the vein R
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E34FFA0FEBC570FFEC8F990" attach="left" box="[266,274,1602,1616]" fontSize="6" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">1</subScript>
, but still distal to the apex of vein Sc, as in
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E34FFA0FD4D577DFC81F98B" box="[763,859,1584,1611]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1521,1545]" captionTargetBox="[177,1387,245,1460]" captionTargetId="figure-30@14.[151,1436,211,1497]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. Aspistomella, wing. A, A. sachavaca sp. nov.; B, A. schnusei sp. nov.; C, A. angustifrons (Hendel); D, A. garleppi sp. nov.; E, A. crucifera (Hendel); F, A. quinquincisa sp. nov.; G, A. teresensis sp. nov.; H, A. obliqua sp. nov. Abbreviations: C—costal vein; c—costal cell; M1—first branch of media; m1—first medial cell; ptstg—pterostigma; r1—first radial cell; rm—radial-medial crossvein. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023163" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023163/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Fig. 6 D</figureCitation>
, as well as surstyli bearing numerous prensisetae in the species examined (in other genera, only non-thickened or 2–3 moderately thickened setulae are present on the inner surstylus as in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E34FFA0FECB5735FDAFF952" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[381,629,1656,1682]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="steyskali">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E34FFA0FECB5735FDAFF952" box="[381,629,1656,1682]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Aspistomella steyskali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which are believed to appear independently).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C343CBB51E34FFA2FF7157D1FB4EFAB9" lastPageId="86" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E34FFA0FF7157D1FB82F91B" blockId="84.[151,1437,1008,2043]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E34FFA0FF7157D1FE8BF976" bold="true" box="[199,337,1692,1718]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Description</emphasis>
. Body mostly dark brown or black, usually with metallic sheen, often faint bluish or greenish, partly hidden by sparse whitish or silvery white microtrichia (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E34FFA0FCFD578DFC7BF91B" box="[843,929,1728,1755]" captionStart="FIGURE 50" captionStartId="88.[151,250,1354,1378]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,493,1331]" captionTargetId="figure-173@88.[151,1436,489,1331]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 50. Ulivellia amnoni sp. nov. holotype ♀. A, habitus, left; B, head, anterior; C, head and mesonotum, lateral; D, fore leg; E, mesonotum, dorsal; F, abdomen, dorsal; G, label. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023300" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023300/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Figs 50</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E34FFA0FC1B578DFC11F91B" box="[941,971,1728,1755]" captionStart="FIGURE 51" captionStartId="90.[151,250,1500,1524]" captionTargetBox="[166,1430,321,1470]" captionTargetId="figure-91@90.[151,1436,309,1477]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURE 51. Ulivellia arcuata sp. nov. holotype ♂ (A–B, D–H) and paratype ♀ (C). A, habitus, dorsal; B, same, left; C, same, anterolateral; D, head left; E, same, dorsal; F, mesonotum, dorsal; G, abdomen; H, label. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023302/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">51</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E34FFA0FC61578DFC2FF91B" box="[983,1013,1728,1755]" captionStart="FIGURE 53" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1514,1538]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1490]" captionTargetId="figure-20@95.[151,1436,181,1490]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 53. Ulivellia laetitiae sp. nov. holotype ♀ (A, C–E) and paratype ♂ (B, F, G). A, habitus, left; B, same, dorsal; C, head, mesonotum and fore leg, lateral; D, head, anterior; E, mesonotum, dorsal; F, wing, anterobasal part; G, labels. (A— photograph by John T. Smit)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023306" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023306/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">53</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E34FFA0FBB7578DFBC5F91B" box="[1025,1055,1728,1755]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="99.[151,250,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,181,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-20@99.[151,1435,181,1351]" captionTargetPageId="99" captionText="FIGURE 55. Ulivellia pseudinsolita sp. nov. holotype ♂. A, habitus, left and dorsal; B, same, dorsal; C, head, anterior; D, same, left; E, mesonotum, dorsal; F, wing, anterobasal part; G, labels. Scale bar 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023310" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023310/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">55</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E34FFA0FB9D578DFB91F91B" box="[1067,1099,1728,1755]" captionStart="FIGURE 57" captionStartId="102.[151,250,1056,1080]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,182,1026]" captionTargetId="figure-30@102.[151,1436,181,1033]" captionTargetPageId="102" captionText="FIGURE 57. Ulivellia tenoris sp. nov. holotype ♀. A, habitus, left; B, same, dorsal; C, head, anterior; D, same, left; E, mesonotum, dorsal; F, abdomen, dorsal; G, labels. Scale bar 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023316" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023316/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">57</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E34FFA1FF7157A9FE22FE11" blockId="84.[151,1437,1008,2043]" lastBlockId="85.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="85" lastPageNumber="86" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E34FFA0FF7157A9FEDDF93E" bold="true" box="[199,263,1764,1790]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Head</emphasis>
generally as described for
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E34FFA0FD8957A9FD0AF93E" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1909" box="[575,720,1764,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E34FFA0FD8957A9FD0AF93E" box="[575,720,1764,1790]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Aspistomella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Frons smooth (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E34FFA0FC3A57A9FBDBF93F" box="[908,1025,1764,1791]" captionStart="FIGURE 50" captionStartId="88.[151,250,1354,1378]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,493,1331]" captionTargetId="figure-173@88.[151,1436,489,1331]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 50. Ulivellia amnoni sp. nov. holotype ♀. A, habitus, left; B, head, anterior; C, head and mesonotum, lateral; D, fore leg; E, mesonotum, dorsal; F, abdomen, dorsal; G, label. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023300" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023300/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Figs 50 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E34FFA0FBB857A9FB9CF93F" box="[1038,1094,1764,1791]" captionStart="FIGURE 51" captionStartId="90.[151,250,1500,1524]" captionTargetBox="[166,1430,321,1470]" captionTargetId="figure-91@90.[151,1436,309,1477]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURE 51. Ulivellia arcuata sp. nov. holotype ♂ (A–B, D–H) and paratype ♀ (C). A, habitus, dorsal; B, same, left; C, same, anterolateral; D, head left; E, same, dorsal; F, mesonotum, dorsal; G, abdomen; H, label. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023302/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">51 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E34FFA0FBE257A9FB4AF93F" box="[1108,1168,1764,1791]" captionStart="FIGURE 53" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1514,1538]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1490]" captionTargetId="figure-20@95.[151,1436,181,1490]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 53. Ulivellia laetitiae sp. nov. holotype ♀ (A, C–E) and paratype ♂ (B, F, G). A, habitus, left; B, same, dorsal; C, head, mesonotum and fore leg, lateral; D, head, anterior; E, mesonotum, dorsal; F, wing, anterobasal part; G, labels. (A— photograph by John T. Smit)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023306" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023306/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">53 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E34FFA0FB2B57A9FB0DF93E" box="[1181,1239,1764,1791]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="99.[151,250,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,181,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-20@99.[151,1435,181,1351]" captionTargetPageId="99" captionText="FIGURE 55. Ulivellia pseudinsolita sp. nov. holotype ♂. A, habitus, left and dorsal; B, same, dorsal; C, head, anterior; D, same, left; E, mesonotum, dorsal; F, wing, anterobasal part; G, labels. Scale bar 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023310" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023310/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">55 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E34FFA0FB5357A9FAC5F93E" box="[1253,1311,1764,1791]" captionStart="FIGURE 57" captionStartId="102.[151,250,1056,1080]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,182,1026]" captionTargetId="figure-30@102.[151,1436,181,1033]" captionTargetPageId="102" captionText="FIGURE 57. Ulivellia tenoris sp. nov. holotype ♀. A, habitus, left; B, same, dorsal; C, head, anterior; D, same, left; E, mesonotum, dorsal; F, abdomen, dorsal; G, labels. Scale bar 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023316" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023316/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">57 C</figureCitation>
), with fine wrinkles, reddish or brownish yellow with black, often greenish shining vertical plates and ocellar triangle to entirely black towards vertex; frontal plates with 4–9 short parafrontal setulae and 4–10 frontal setae; frontal vitta finely and sparsely microtrichose, usually with 3–10 interfrontal setae on each side; vertex and orbits with dense, thickened, short white microtrichia. Vertical plates with 1 long and 1 vestigial reclinate orbital setae anterior of it; ocellar triangle with ocelli forming elongate acute triangle and a pair of very long ocellar setae. Face in dorsal portion flat, covered with white microtrichia (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E34FFA0FDB856F1FD5AF817" box="[526,640,1980,2007]" captionStart="FIGURE 50" captionStartId="88.[151,250,1354,1378]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,493,1331]" captionTargetId="figure-173@88.[151,1436,489,1331]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 50. Ulivellia amnoni sp. nov. holotype ♀. A, habitus, left; B, head, anterior; C, head and mesonotum, lateral; D, fore leg; E, mesonotum, dorsal; F, abdomen, dorsal; G, label. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023300" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023300/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Figs 50 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E34FFA0FD3A56F1FD1CF817" box="[652,710,1980,2007]" captionStart="FIGURE 53" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1514,1538]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1490]" captionTargetId="figure-20@95.[151,1436,181,1490]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 53. Ulivellia laetitiae sp. nov. holotype ♀ (A, C–E) and paratype ♂ (B, F, G). A, habitus, left; B, same, dorsal; C, head, mesonotum and fore leg, lateral; D, head, anterior; E, mesonotum, dorsal; F, wing, anterobasal part; G, labels. (A— photograph by John T. Smit)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023306" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023306/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">53 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E34FFA0FD6456F1FCD0F816" box="[722,778,1980,2007]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="99.[151,250,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,181,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-20@99.[151,1435,181,1351]" captionTargetPageId="99" captionText="FIGURE 55. Ulivellia pseudinsolita sp. nov. holotype ♂. A, habitus, left and dorsal; B, same, dorsal; C, head, anterior; D, same, left; E, mesonotum, dorsal; F, wing, anterobasal part; G, labels. Scale bar 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023310" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023310/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">55 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E34FFA0FCA056F1FC94F816" box="[790,846,1980,2007]" captionStart="FIGURE 57" captionStartId="102.[151,250,1056,1080]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,182,1026]" captionTargetId="figure-30@102.[151,1436,181,1033]" captionTargetPageId="102" captionText="FIGURE 57. Ulivellia tenoris sp. nov. holotype ♀. A, habitus, left; B, same, dorsal; C, head, anterior; D, same, left; E, mesonotum, dorsal; F, abdomen, dorsal; G, labels. Scale bar 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023316" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023316/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">57 C</figureCitation>
), and with ventral portion strongly produced anteroventrally, forming large epistome 2–3× higher than clypeus, often metallic shining, covered with sparse, thin whitish microtrichia. Parafacial usually brownish yellow, densely white microtrichose. Gena widened posteriorly, brownish, sparsely white microtrichose, bearing 1–2 strong genal setae and 4–6 moderately long, proclinate peristomal setulae. Occiput densely white microtrichose. Scape short, dorsally with 6–8 black marginal setulae. Pedicel with rectangular incision; one long pedicellar seta and 20–25 setulae, of them ventral longest. Postpedicel oval, 1.8–2× longer than wide, rounded at apex, densely microtrichose; arista 2-segmented (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E35FFA1FCCF506AFC3DFE81" box="[889,999,294,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 50" captionStartId="88.[151,250,1354,1378]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,493,1331]" captionTargetId="figure-173@88.[151,1436,489,1331]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 50. Ulivellia amnoni sp. nov. holotype ♀. A, habitus, left; B, head, anterior; C, head and mesonotum, lateral; D, fore leg; E, mesonotum, dorsal; F, abdomen, dorsal; G, label. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023300" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023300/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Figs 50 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E35FFA1FC44506BFB91FE81" box="[1010,1099,294,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 53" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1514,1538]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1490]" captionTargetId="figure-20@95.[151,1436,181,1490]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 53. Ulivellia laetitiae sp. nov. holotype ♀ (A, C–E) and paratype ♂ (B, F, G). A, habitus, left; B, same, dorsal; C, head, mesonotum and fore leg, lateral; D, head, anterior; E, mesonotum, dorsal; F, wing, anterobasal part; G, labels. (A— photograph by John T. Smit)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023306" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023306/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">53 C, D</figureCitation>
). Palp elongate, 4–4.5× longer than wide and almost twice as long as postpedicel, white microtrichose, with numerous ventral and ventromedial setae almost as long as palp width and 2–3 apical setae 1.5–2× longer than the rest. Clypeus at least half lower than epistome, convex, microtrichose, almost hidden in oral cavity. Proboscis with prementum and labellum moderately large, bearing long thin setulae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E35FFA1FF715096FDCDFC09" blockId="85.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FF715096FEFAFE35" bold="true" box="[199,288,475,501]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Thorax</emphasis>
mostly shining black or brown, with faint bluish, greenish or golden sheen and moderately dense, thin, semierect white microtrichia not hiding entirely shining cuticle. Postpronotal lobe with 1 seta and 5–15 setulae; proepisternum with 1 short proepiesternal seta (sometimes absent or indistinct) and 5–20 fine subequal setulae on proepiesternal ridge. Prosternum higher than wide, with distinct longitudinal suture and shallow ventral incision, sparsely microtrichose, without conspicuous setae. Mesonotum steel shining, with slight green or bluish sheen of cuticle not entirely hidden by sparse or moderately thick white microtrichia (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E35FFA1FBB153C2FBA3FD69" box="[1031,1145,654,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 50" captionStartId="88.[151,250,1354,1378]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,493,1331]" captionTargetId="figure-173@88.[151,1436,489,1331]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 50. Ulivellia amnoni sp. nov. holotype ♀. A, habitus, left; B, head, anterior; C, head and mesonotum, lateral; D, fore leg; E, mesonotum, dorsal; F, abdomen, dorsal; G, label. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023300" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023300/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Figs 50 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E35FFA1FB3153C3FB66FD69" box="[1159,1212,654,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 51" captionStartId="90.[151,250,1500,1524]" captionTargetBox="[166,1430,321,1470]" captionTargetId="figure-91@90.[151,1436,309,1477]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURE 51. Ulivellia arcuata sp. nov. holotype ♂ (A–B, D–H) and paratype ♀ (C). A, habitus, dorsal; B, same, left; C, same, anterolateral; D, head left; E, same, dorsal; F, mesonotum, dorsal; G, abdomen; H, label. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023302/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">51 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E35FFA1FB7F53C3FADBFD69" box="[1225,1281,654,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 53" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1514,1538]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1490]" captionTargetId="figure-20@95.[151,1436,181,1490]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 53. Ulivellia laetitiae sp. nov. holotype ♀ (A, C–E) and paratype ♂ (B, F, G). A, habitus, left; B, same, dorsal; C, head, mesonotum and fore leg, lateral; D, head, anterior; E, mesonotum, dorsal; F, wing, anterobasal part; G, labels. (A— photograph by John T. Smit)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023306" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023306/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">53 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E35FFA1FAB953C3FA9DFD69" box="[1295,1351,654,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="99.[151,250,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,181,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-20@99.[151,1435,181,1351]" captionTargetPageId="99" captionText="FIGURE 55. Ulivellia pseudinsolita sp. nov. holotype ♂. A, habitus, left and dorsal; B, same, dorsal; C, head, anterior; D, same, left; E, mesonotum, dorsal; F, wing, anterobasal part; G, labels. Scale bar 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023310" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023310/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">55 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E35FFA1FAE353C3FA54FD69" box="[1365,1422,654,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 57" captionStartId="102.[151,250,1056,1080]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,182,1026]" captionTargetId="figure-30@102.[151,1436,181,1033]" captionTargetPageId="102" captionText="FIGURE 57. Ulivellia tenoris sp. nov. holotype ♀. A, habitus, left; B, same, dorsal; C, head, anterior; D, same, left; E, mesonotum, dorsal; F, abdomen, dorsal; G, labels. Scale bar 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023316" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023316/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">57 E</figureCitation>
); scutum setulose, except prescutellar area posterior of dorsocentral setae; dorsocentral setulae forming clear row, with 8–18 12 poorly ordered rows of setulae between them; 1 postpronotal, 2 notopleural, 1 postsutural supra-alar, 1 intra-alar and 1 postalar, 2 dorsocentral and setae present; acrostichal seta present in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FB2653B6FAD3FCD4" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[1168,1289,763,788]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amnoni">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FB2653B6FAD3FCD4" box="[1168,1289,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. amnoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FAAD53B6FA46FCD5" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[1307,1436,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laetitiae">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FAAD53B6FA46FCD5" box="[1307,1436,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. laetitiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FF7F5252FE59FCF9" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[201,387,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudinsolita">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FF7F5252FE59FCF9" box="[201,387,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. pseudinsolita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FD865252FD71FCF8" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[560,683,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuata">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FD865252FD71FCF8" box="[560,683,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. arcuata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FD505252FC83FCF8" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[742,857,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenoris">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FD505252FC83FCF8" box="[742,857,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. tenoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Anepisternum setulose almost entirely anterior to vertical squama, with strong seta and 5–12 shorter setae at posterior margin. Katepisternum with one, occasionally two strong posterodorsal seta. Scutellum subtriangular, slightly convex, smooth, with 2 pairs of scutellar setae, no setulae on disc and margins, sparsely microtrichose. Subscutellum matt, microtrichose. Mediotergite smooth, sparsely or densely microtrichose.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E35FFA1FF71529FFE85FAF1" blockId="85.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FF71529FFED2FC2C" bold="true" box="[199,264,978,1004]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Wing</emphasis>
from moderately elongate, 2.0–2.8× longer than wide to strongly elongate, 3.5× longer than wide (in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FF2152BAFED3FBD0" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,265,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenoris">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FF2152BAFED3FBD0" box="[151,265,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. tenoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), with dark banded wing pattern (or extensive dark pattern in males of
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FB8352BAFB74FBD0" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[1077,1198,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuata">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FB8352BAFB74FBD0" box="[1077,1198,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. arcuata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); venation modified, with the crossvein r-m displaced basally to the level of Sc apex and dm-m closer to the level of R
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E35FFA1FB645560FB00FBFB" attach="left" box="[1234,1242,1069,1083]" fontSize="6" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">1</subScript>
apex than to R
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E35FFA1FA355560FA46FBFB" attach="left" box="[1411,1436,1069,1083]" fontSize="6" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">2+3</subScript>
apex (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E35FFA1FF6B5572FEB8FB99" box="[221,354,1087,1113]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1686,1710]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,187,1657]" captionTargetId="figure-20@11.[241,1346,181,1662]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ulivellia, Polyteloptera and similar genera, wing. A, U. amnoni sp. nov.; B, U. inversa Speiser; C, U. laetitiae sp. nov.; D–E, U. arcuata sp. nov. (D—male, E—female); F, U. tenoris sp. nov.; G, U. pseudinsolita sp. nov.; H, P. apotropa Hendel; I, “Euxesta” insolita Hendel; J, Gen. sp. near insolita; K, Axiologina ferrumequinum Hendel. Abbreviations. Veins and cells: bm—basal medial cell; br—basal radial cell; c—costal cell; C—costal vein; cua—anterior cubital cell; CuA+CuP— anterior branch of cubital vein + posterior branch of cubital vein; dm—discal medial cell; dm-m—discal medial crossvein; h—humeral crossvein; M1—first branch of media; m1—first medial cell; M4—fourth branch of media; m4—fourth medial cell; ptstg—pterostigma; R1—anterior branch of radius; r1—first radial cell; r2+3—second + third radial cell; R2+3—second branch of radius; R 4+5 —third branch of radius; r 4+5 —fourth + fifth radial cell; r-m—radial-medial crossvein; Sc—subcostal vein. Wing pattern: DB = discal band; HB = humeral band; AAB = anterior apical band; SAB = subapical band; SCB = subcostal band. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023159/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Figs 4 A–G</figureCitation>
). Vein R
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E35FFA1FE7C551CFE08FB9F" attach="left" box="[458,466,1105,1119]" fontSize="6" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">1</subScript>
dorsally with 7–15 setulae (not known in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FC0E5572FBF4FB98" authorityName="Speiser" authorityYear="1929" box="[952,1070,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inversa">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FC0E5572FBF4FB98" box="[952,1070,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. inversa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Pterostigma longer than wide, costal vein straight before apex of subcostal vein or very slightly bent in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FC08552EFBAFFBBD" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[958,1141,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudinsolita">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FC08552EFBAFFBBD" box="[958,1141,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. pseudinsolita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FB29552EFACDFBBC" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[1183,1303,1123,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuata">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FB29552EFACDFBBC" box="[1183,1303,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. arcuata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, costal vein conspicuously curved distally of apex of subcostal vein. Cell r
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E35FFA1FCE455D4FCB6FB67" attach="left" box="[850,876,1177,1191]" fontSize="6" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">4+5</subScript>
slightly or conspicuously narrowed apically. Vein CuA Z-shaped, cell cua with moderately short posteroapical lobe along vein CuP (in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FBF355E6FB60FB04" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[1093,1210,1195,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amnoni">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FBF355E6FB60FB04" box="[1093,1210,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. amnoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FB7E55E6FA9FFB05" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[1224,1349,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laetitiae">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FB7E55E6FA9FFB05" box="[1224,1349,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. laetitiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FA3755E6FF37FB28" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuata">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FA3755E6FF37FB28" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. arcuata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or moderately long (in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FDB25582FD66FB29" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[516,700,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudinsolita">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FDB25582FD66FB29" box="[516,700,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. pseudinsolita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FD425582FCBFFB28" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[756,869,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenoris">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FD425582FCBFFB28" box="[756,869,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. tenoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Calypters white, with white cilia. Halter creamy white (in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FEB755BEFEACFACC" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[257,374,1267,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amnoni">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FEB755BEFEACFACC" box="[257,374,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. amnoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FE3555BEFDDBFACD" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[387,513,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laetitiae">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FE3555BEFDDBFACD" box="[387,513,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. laetitiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FD8A55BEFD76FACC" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[572,684,1267,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenoris">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FD8A55BEFD76FACC" box="[572,684,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. tenoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) to brown with black or brown knob (in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FBD855BEFB3CFACC" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[1134,1254,1267,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuata">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FBD855BEFB3CFACC" box="[1134,1254,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. arcuata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FB4555BEFAB7FACC" box="[1267,1389,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FB4555BEFAB3FACC" authorityName="Speiser" authorityYear="1929" box="[1267,1385,1267,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inversa">U. inversa</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FF21545AFE94FAF1" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,334,1303,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudinsolita">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FF21545AFE94FAF1" box="[151,334,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. pseudinsolita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E35FFA1FF715476FF2DFA25" blockId="85.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FF715476FF25FA95" bold="true" box="[199,255,1339,1365]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Legs</emphasis>
variable in coloration; coxae yellow to brown, femora usually entirely brown or black, tibiae and tarsi yellow to brown. Fore femur with 2 posterodorsal rows of setae, posteroventrally with row of 2–10 setae. Mid femur on anterior and posterior surface with row of moderately long, antero- and postero-ventrally directed setulae. Mid tibia apicoventrally with strong spur-like seta 1.5× longer than tibia width. Hind femur with 2–3 subapical setae dorsally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E35FFA1FF7154A3FCE2F9B5" blockId="85.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FF7154A3FEE6F9C8" bold="true" box="[199,316,1518,1544]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Abdomen</emphasis>
subshining brown to black, tergites and sternites with metallic green or yellow sheen, sparsely white microtrichose (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E35FFA1FEF4575EFE6BF9ED" box="[322,433,1554,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 50" captionStartId="88.[151,250,1354,1378]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,493,1331]" captionTargetId="figure-173@88.[151,1436,489,1331]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 50. Ulivellia amnoni sp. nov. holotype ♀. A, habitus, left; B, head, anterior; C, head and mesonotum, lateral; D, fore leg; E, mesonotum, dorsal; F, abdomen, dorsal; G, label. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023300" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023300/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Figs 50 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E35FFA1FE09575FFE22F9ED" box="[447,504,1554,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 51" captionStartId="90.[151,250,1500,1524]" captionTargetBox="[166,1430,321,1470]" captionTargetId="figure-91@90.[151,1436,309,1477]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURE 51. Ulivellia arcuata sp. nov. holotype ♂ (A–B, D–H) and paratype ♀ (C). A, habitus, dorsal; B, same, left; C, same, anterolateral; D, head left; E, same, dorsal; F, mesonotum, dorsal; G, abdomen; H, label. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023302/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">51 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E35FFA1FDB0575FFD9AF9ED" box="[518,576,1554,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 53" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1514,1538]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1490]" captionTargetId="figure-20@95.[151,1436,181,1490]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 53. Ulivellia laetitiae sp. nov. holotype ♀ (A, C–E) and paratype ♂ (B, F, G). A, habitus, left; B, same, dorsal; C, head, mesonotum and fore leg, lateral; D, head, anterior; E, mesonotum, dorsal; F, wing, anterobasal part; G, labels. (A— photograph by John T. Smit)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023306" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023306/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">53 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E35FFA1FDFB575FFD70F9ED" box="[589,682,1554,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="99.[151,250,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,181,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-20@99.[151,1435,181,1351]" captionTargetPageId="99" captionText="FIGURE 55. Ulivellia pseudinsolita sp. nov. holotype ♂. A, habitus, left and dorsal; B, same, dorsal; C, head, anterior; D, same, left; E, mesonotum, dorsal; F, wing, anterobasal part; G, labels. Scale bar 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023310" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023310/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">55 A, B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E35FFA1FD01575FFD35F9ED" box="[695,751,1554,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 57" captionStartId="102.[151,250,1056,1080]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,182,1026]" captionTargetId="figure-30@102.[151,1436,181,1033]" captionTargetPageId="102" captionText="FIGURE 57. Ulivellia tenoris sp. nov. holotype ♀. A, habitus, left; B, same, dorsal; C, head, anterior; D, same, left; E, mesonotum, dorsal; F, abdomen, dorsal; G, labels. Scale bar 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023316" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023316/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">57 F</figureCitation>
). Male and female abdomen with 5 visible tergites, of them tergites 3–5 subequal in length; female tergite 6 hidden underneath posterior margin of tergite 5. Sternites 3–5 unmodified, subrectangular, sternite 5 trapezoid (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E35FFA1FD085716FCF6F9B5" box="[702,812,1626,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="91.[151,250,1586,1610]" captionTargetBox="[154,1434,394,1550]" captionTargetId="figure-138@91.[153,1434,381,1562]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURE 52. Ulivellia arcuata sp. nov. paratype ♂ (SIZK) A, preabdomen; B, postabdomen, ventral; C, same, posterior; D, same, lateral E, same, dorsal F, hypandrium, ventral; G, surstyli, posterior; H, phallus. Abbreviations: cerc—cerci; epand— epandrium; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; hypd—hypandrium; ph g—phallic guide; ph—phallus; phapd—phallapodeme; pstg—postgonite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023304" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023304/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Fig. 52 A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E35FFA2FF715732FD73FEA5" blockId="85.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="86.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastPageId="86" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FF715732FE77F959" bold="true" box="[199,429,1663,1689]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Male postabdomen</emphasis>
. Sternite 8 setulose, with 2 longer setae. Cerci wide oval, moderately developed, partly fused at bases; in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FEEE57EEFE15F97C" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[344,463,1699,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuata">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FEEE57EEFE15F97C" box="[344,463,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. arcuata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, flat and joined by subtriangular proctiger; in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FC7E57EEFB9FF97D" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[968,1093,1699,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laetitiae">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FC7E57EEFB9FF97D" box="[968,1093,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. laetitiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, short oval, in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FB5057EEFA46F97D" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[1254,1436,1699,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudinsolita">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FB5057EEFA46F97D" box="[1254,1436,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. pseudinsolita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
longer, sack-like; setulose (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E35FFA1FE7C578AFD84F921" box="[458,606,1734,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="91.[151,250,1586,1610]" captionTargetBox="[154,1434,394,1550]" captionTargetId="figure-138@91.[153,1434,381,1562]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURE 52. Ulivellia arcuata sp. nov. paratype ♂ (SIZK) A, preabdomen; B, postabdomen, ventral; C, same, posterior; D, same, lateral E, same, dorsal F, hypandrium, ventral; G, surstyli, posterior; H, phallus. Abbreviations: cerc—cerci; epand— epandrium; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; hypd—hypandrium; ph g—phallic guide; ph—phallus; phapd—phallapodeme; pstg—postgonite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023304" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023304/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Figs 52 D, E</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E35FFA1FDDC578BFD1EF921" box="[618,708,1734,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="97.[151,250,1457,1481]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,182,1433]" captionTargetId="figure-20@97.[151,1435,181,1433]" captionTargetPageId="97" captionText="FIGURE 54. Ulivellia laetitiae sp. nov. paratype ♂ (SIZK) A, postabdomen, lateral; B, same, anteroventral; C, same, ventral; D, epandrium, with cerci and surstyli, posterolateral; E, surstyli and hypandrium, ventral. Abbreviations: cerc—cerci; epand— epandrium; ph g—phallic guide; ph—phallus; phapd—phallapodeme; pi p—pimple-like process; pregt—pregonite; sur— surstylus; v l sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023308" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023308/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">54 A, B</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E35FFA1FD67578BFCF4F921" box="[721,814,1734,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="100.[151,250,1759,1783]" captionTargetBox="[158,1425,188,1728]" captionTargetId="figure-30@100.[151,1436,181,1735]" captionTargetPageId="100" captionText="FIGURE 56. Ulivellia pseudinsolita sp. nov. holotype ♂. A, postabdomen, posterior; B C, same, ventral; D, same, ventrolateral; E, surstyli and hypandrium, ventral; F, preabdomen, ventral. Abbreviations: cerc—cerci; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; ph g—phallic guide; ph—phallus; pregt—pregonite; p l sur—posterior lobe of surstylus; v l sur—ventral lobe of surstylus; st 2— second sternite; st 3—third sternite; st 4—fourth sternite; st 5—fifth sternite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023312" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023312/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">56 A–D</figureCitation>
). Epandrium ovoid, dorsally short, moderately setulose (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E35FFA1FF2957A6FED7F8C5" box="[159,269,1770,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="91.[151,250,1586,1610]" captionTargetBox="[154,1434,394,1550]" captionTargetId="figure-138@91.[153,1434,381,1562]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURE 52. Ulivellia arcuata sp. nov. paratype ♂ (SIZK) A, preabdomen; B, postabdomen, ventral; C, same, posterior; D, same, lateral E, same, dorsal F, hypandrium, ventral; G, surstyli, posterior; H, phallus. Abbreviations: cerc—cerci; epand— epandrium; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; hypd—hypandrium; ph g—phallic guide; ph—phallus; phapd—phallapodeme; pstg—postgonite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023304" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023304/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Figs 52 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E35FFA1FEA157A7FE55F8C5" box="[279,399,1770,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="97.[151,250,1457,1481]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,182,1433]" captionTargetId="figure-20@97.[151,1435,181,1433]" captionTargetPageId="97" captionText="FIGURE 54. Ulivellia laetitiae sp. nov. paratype ♂ (SIZK) A, postabdomen, lateral; B, same, anteroventral; C, same, ventral; D, epandrium, with cerci and surstyli, posterolateral; E, surstyli and hypandrium, ventral. Abbreviations: cerc—cerci; epand— epandrium; ph g—phallic guide; ph—phallus; phapd—phallapodeme; pi p—pimple-like process; pregt—pregonite; sur— surstylus; v l sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023308" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023308/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">54 A, B, D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E35FFA1FE2E57A7FE29F8C5" box="[408,499,1770,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="100.[151,250,1759,1783]" captionTargetBox="[158,1425,188,1728]" captionTargetId="figure-30@100.[151,1436,181,1735]" captionTargetPageId="100" captionText="FIGURE 56. Ulivellia pseudinsolita sp. nov. holotype ♂. A, postabdomen, posterior; B C, same, ventral; D, same, ventrolateral; E, surstyli and hypandrium, ventral; F, preabdomen, ventral. Abbreviations: cerc—cerci; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; ph g—phallic guide; ph—phallus; pregt—pregonite; p l sur—posterior lobe of surstylus; v l sur—ventral lobe of surstylus; st 2— second sternite; st 3—third sternite; st 4—fourth sternite; st 5—fifth sternite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023312" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023312/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">56 A–D</figureCitation>
). Surstyli basally wide, in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FCA357A6FC48F8C5" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[789,914,1771,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laetitiae">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FCA357A6FC48F8C5" box="[789,914,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. laetitiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, outer surstylus simple with narrow, elongated, mesally directed ventral lobe apically bearing dorsally directed pimple-like process, but without distinct antero-ventral and postero-ventral lobes; inner surstylus with 12–15 thickened prensisetae (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E35FFA1FB88567EFB37F88D" box="[1086,1261,1842,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="97.[151,250,1457,1481]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,182,1433]" captionTargetId="figure-20@97.[151,1435,181,1433]" captionTargetPageId="97" captionText="FIGURE 54. Ulivellia laetitiae sp. nov. paratype ♂ (SIZK) A, postabdomen, lateral; B, same, anteroventral; C, same, ventral; D, epandrium, with cerci and surstyli, posterolateral; E, surstyli and hypandrium, ventral. Abbreviations: cerc—cerci; epand— epandrium; ph g—phallic guide; ph—phallus; phapd—phallapodeme; pi p—pimple-like process; pregt—pregonite; sur— surstylus; v l sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023308" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023308/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Figs 54 B, D, E</figureCitation>
); in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FAA8567EFA4FF88C" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[1310,1429,1843,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuata">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FAA8567EFA4FF88C" box="[1310,1429,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. arcuata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, mesally directed ventral lobe short and without pimple-like process, but with single sclerotised prensiseta at base (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E35FFA1FF295636FEEBF855" box="[159,305,1914,1941]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="91.[151,250,1586,1610]" captionTargetBox="[154,1434,394,1550]" captionTargetId="figure-138@91.[153,1434,381,1562]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURE 52. Ulivellia arcuata sp. nov. paratype ♂ (SIZK) A, preabdomen; B, postabdomen, ventral; C, same, posterior; D, same, lateral E, same, dorsal F, hypandrium, ventral; G, surstyli, posterior; H, phallus. Abbreviations: cerc—cerci; epand— epandrium; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; hypd—hypandrium; ph g—phallic guide; ph—phallus; phapd—phallapodeme; pstg—postgonite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023304" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023304/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Figs 52 B, C</figureCitation>
); inner surstylus with row of 6–8 gradually enlarging prensisetae; in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E35FFA1FB855636FB30F855" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[1075,1258,1915,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudinsolita">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E35FFA1FB855636FB30F855" box="[1075,1258,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">U. pseudinsolita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, outer surstylus flattened, posteroventrally directed, apically oval with single trichoid sensillum; inner surstylus with 4 very strong claw-like mesally directed prensisetae (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E35FFA1FDEA568EFD2CF81D" box="[604,758,1986,2013]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="100.[151,250,1759,1783]" captionTargetBox="[158,1425,188,1728]" captionTargetId="figure-30@100.[151,1436,181,1735]" captionTargetPageId="100" captionText="FIGURE 56. Ulivellia pseudinsolita sp. nov. holotype ♂. A, postabdomen, posterior; B C, same, ventral; D, same, ventrolateral; E, surstyli and hypandrium, ventral; F, preabdomen, ventral. Abbreviations: cerc—cerci; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; ph g—phallic guide; ph—phallus; pregt—pregonite; p l sur—posterior lobe of surstylus; v l sur—ventral lobe of surstylus; st 2— second sternite; st 3—third sternite; st 4—fourth sternite; st 5—fifth sternite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023312" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023312/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Figs 56 A, C</figureCitation>
). Pregonites symmetrical, with 3–5 setulae ventro-mesally, conspicuously anterior of postgonites. Postgonites on laterobasal part of the phallic guide lobes, with 5–6 small trichoid sensilla (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FEEC51F6FE1DFF15" box="[346,455,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="91.[151,250,1586,1610]" captionTargetBox="[154,1434,394,1550]" captionTargetId="figure-138@91.[153,1434,381,1562]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURE 52. Ulivellia arcuata sp. nov. paratype ♂ (SIZK) A, preabdomen; B, postabdomen, ventral; C, same, posterior; D, same, lateral E, same, dorsal F, hypandrium, ventral; G, surstyli, posterior; H, phallus. Abbreviations: cerc—cerci; epand— epandrium; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; hypd—hypandrium; ph g—phallic guide; ph—phallus; phapd—phallapodeme; pstg—postgonite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023304" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023304/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Figs 52 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FE6551F7FDD0FF15" box="[467,522,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="97.[151,250,1457,1481]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,182,1433]" captionTargetId="figure-20@97.[151,1435,181,1433]" captionTargetPageId="97" captionText="FIGURE 54. Ulivellia laetitiae sp. nov. paratype ♂ (SIZK) A, postabdomen, lateral; B, same, anteroventral; C, same, ventral; D, epandrium, with cerci and surstyli, posterolateral; E, surstyli and hypandrium, ventral. Abbreviations: cerc—cerci; epand— epandrium; ph g—phallic guide; ph—phallus; phapd—phallapodeme; pi p—pimple-like process; pregt—pregonite; sur— surstylus; v l sur—ventral lobe of surstylus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023308" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023308/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">54 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FDA151F7FD95FF15" box="[535,591,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="100.[151,250,1759,1783]" captionTargetBox="[158,1425,188,1728]" captionTargetId="figure-30@100.[151,1436,181,1735]" captionTargetPageId="100" captionText="FIGURE 56. Ulivellia pseudinsolita sp. nov. holotype ♂. A, postabdomen, posterior; B C, same, ventral; D, same, ventrolateral; E, surstyli and hypandrium, ventral; F, preabdomen, ventral. Abbreviations: cerc—cerci; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; ph g—phallic guide; ph—phallus; pregt—pregonite; p l sur—posterior lobe of surstylus; v l sur—ventral lobe of surstylus; st 2— second sternite; st 3—third sternite; st 4—fourth sternite; st 5—fifth sternite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023312" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023312/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">56 E</figureCitation>
). Phallus in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FD6D51F6FC80FF15" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[731,858,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laetitiae">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FD6D51F6FC80FF15" box="[731,858,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">U. laetitiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FC2451F6FB90FF15" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[914,1098,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudinsolita">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FC2451F6FB90FF15" box="[914,1098,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">U. pseudinsolita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
moderately short and narrow, about 3–4 times as long as epandrium high, almost bare, in rest coiled at right side of abdomen (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FB6D5192FAA8FF39" box="[1243,1394,222,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="100.[151,250,1759,1783]" captionTargetBox="[158,1425,188,1728]" captionTargetId="figure-30@100.[151,1436,181,1735]" captionTargetPageId="100" captionText="FIGURE 56. Ulivellia pseudinsolita sp. nov. holotype ♂. A, postabdomen, posterior; B C, same, ventral; D, same, ventrolateral; E, surstyli and hypandrium, ventral; F, preabdomen, ventral. Abbreviations: cerc—cerci; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; ph g—phallic guide; ph—phallus; pregt—pregonite; p l sur—posterior lobe of surstylus; v l sur—ventral lobe of surstylus; st 2— second sternite; st 3—third sternite; st 4—fourth sternite; st 5—fifth sternite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023312" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023312/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Figs 56 A–D</figureCitation>
); in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FF21504EFECAFEDC" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,272,259,284]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuata">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FF21504EFECAFEDC" box="[151,272,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">U. arcuata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, phallus short and wide, bowed to the right side of abdomen, but neither coiled, nor hidden in the rest, apically with pair of denticles at both sides of gonopore (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FC96506AFC69FE81" box="[800,947,294,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="91.[151,250,1586,1610]" captionTargetBox="[154,1434,394,1550]" captionTargetId="figure-138@91.[153,1434,381,1562]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURE 52. Ulivellia arcuata sp. nov. paratype ♂ (SIZK) A, preabdomen; B, postabdomen, ventral; C, same, posterior; D, same, lateral E, same, dorsal F, hypandrium, ventral; G, surstyli, posterior; H, phallus. Abbreviations: cerc—cerci; epand— epandrium; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; hypd—hypandrium; ph g—phallic guide; ph—phallus; phapd—phallapodeme; pstg—postgonite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023304" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023304/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Figs 52 B–E</figureCitation>
). Ejaculatory apodeme short, bar-like, with relatively small sperm pump (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FE505006FD82FEA5" box="[486,600,330,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="91.[151,250,1586,1610]" captionTargetBox="[154,1434,394,1550]" captionTargetId="figure-138@91.[153,1434,381,1562]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURE 52. Ulivellia arcuata sp. nov. paratype ♂ (SIZK) A, preabdomen; B, postabdomen, ventral; C, same, posterior; D, same, lateral E, same, dorsal F, hypandrium, ventral; G, surstyli, posterior; H, phallus. Abbreviations: cerc—cerci; epand— epandrium; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; hypd—hypandrium; ph g—phallic guide; ph—phallus; phapd—phallapodeme; pstg—postgonite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023304" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023304/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Figs 52 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FDD25007FD46FEA5" box="[612,668,330,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="100.[151,250,1759,1783]" captionTargetBox="[158,1425,188,1728]" captionTargetId="figure-30@100.[151,1436,181,1735]" captionTargetPageId="100" captionText="FIGURE 56. Ulivellia pseudinsolita sp. nov. holotype ♂. A, postabdomen, posterior; B C, same, ventral; D, same, ventrolateral; E, surstyli and hypandrium, ventral; F, preabdomen, ventral. Abbreviations: cerc—cerci; ej apod—ejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; ph g—phallic guide; ph—phallus; pregt—pregonite; p l sur—posterior lobe of surstylus; v l sur—ventral lobe of surstylus; st 2— second sternite; st 3—third sternite; st 4—fourth sternite; st 5—fifth sternite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023312" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023312/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">56 B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E36FFA2FF715022FDE0FE49" blockId="86.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[199,570,367,393]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Female terminalia: not dissected.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E36FFA2FF7150DFFD81FE6D" blockId="86.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[199,603,402,429]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FF7150DFFE72FE6D" bold="true" box="[199,424,402,429]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Preimaginal stages</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FE0350DEFE3EFE6D" bold="true" box="[437,484,403,429]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Egg</emphasis>
unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E36FFA2FF7150FBFCBCFCD5" blockId="86.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FF7150FBFE69FE11" bold="true" box="[199,435,438,465]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Third instar larvae.</emphasis>
The third instar larvae of
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FD6F50FAFCE1FE11" authorityName="Speiser" authorityYear="1929" box="[729,827,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FD6F50FAFCE1FE11" box="[729,827,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Ulivellia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are known from
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FC4B50FAFB66FE10" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[1021,1212,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuata">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FC4B50FAFB66FE10" box="[1021,1212,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Ulivellia arcuata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FB4550FAFABCFE10" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[1267,1382,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenoris">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FB4550FAFADDFE10" box="[1267,1287,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">U</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FAA350FAFABCFE10" box="[1301,1382,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">tenoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FAD050FAFAB0FE10" box="[1382,1386,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">.</emphasis>
The morphology and the cephalopharyngeal skeleton of
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FD465096FC88FE35" authorityName="Speiser" authorityYear="1929" box="[752,850,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FD465096FC88FE35" box="[752,850,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Ulivellia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
larvae were basically the same as in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FABA5096FA47FE35" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1909" box="[1292,1437,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FABA5096FA47FE35" box="[1292,1437,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Aspistomella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<tableCitation id="C6DBAD851E36FFA2FF2950B2FF2DFDD9" box="[159,247,511,537]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="109.[152,244,614,638]" captionTargetBox="[163,1422,689,1946]" captionText="TABLE 2. Comparison of measurements of third instar larvae of five species of Aspistomella and Ulivellia (number of specimens examined in brackets)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF26C8B61E0DFF99FF2E532BFDDAFD62" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" tableUuid="DF26C8B61E0DFF99FF2E532BFDDAFD62">Table 2</tableCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FEBB50B2FE44FDD9" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1909" box="[269,414,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FEBB50B2FE44FDD9" box="[269,414,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Aspistomella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FE6050B2FDE2FDD9" authorityName="Speiser" authorityYear="1929" box="[470,568,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FE6050B2FDE2FDD9" box="[470,568,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Ulivellia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could be distinguished mainly by the structure of the posterior spiracles and the locomotory creeping welts.
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FDB6536EFD4BFDFD" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1909" box="[512,657,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FDB6536EFD4BFDFD" box="[512,657,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Aspistomella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
larvae had three rows of posteriorly oriented spinules on abdominal segment I (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FEA6530AFEA4FDA1" box="[272,382,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1625,1649]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-30@36.[151,1436,181,1602]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 21. Aspistomella duo sp. nov., SEM views of abdominal creeping welts (CW) and caudal segment. A, creeping welt CW1 on abdominal segment I, ventral view; B, CW2 on abdominal segment II, ventral view; C, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, magnified area shows a single row of large spinules; D, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII; E, caudal segment showing the spatial pattern of cuticular sensilla on the left side; F, anal slit; G, right posterior spiracle. Abbreviations: a–e—creeping welt rows a–e; an—anus; per pad—perianal pad; s1–s10—cuticular sensilla 1–10; sp hr 1–4—spiracular hair groups 1–4; sp sl 1–3—spiracular slits 1–3. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023212/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Figs 21 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FE31530AFE64FDA1" box="[391,446,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1717,1741]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,273,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-72@79.[151,1436,273,1694]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 47. A. tres sp. nov., SEM views of ventral abdominal creeping welts (CW) and anterior spiracles. (A-E) and Aspistomella sp., anterior spiracles (F). A, CW1 on abdominal segment I; B, CW2 on abdominal segment II; C, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, magnified area shows a double row of large spinules; D, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII; E, right posterior spiracle of A. tres sp. nov.; F, left anterior spiracle of Aspistomella sp. Abbreviations: a-e—creeping welt rows a–e. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023292/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">47 A</figureCitation>
), three rows of posteriorly oriented spinules in the anterior portion of abdominal segments II-VIII (rows b and c,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FE2D5326FDD4FD45" box="[411,526,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1625,1649]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-30@36.[151,1436,181,1602]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 21. Aspistomella duo sp. nov., SEM views of abdominal creeping welts (CW) and caudal segment. A, creeping welt CW1 on abdominal segment I, ventral view; B, CW2 on abdominal segment II, ventral view; C, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, magnified area shows a single row of large spinules; D, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII; E, caudal segment showing the spatial pattern of cuticular sensilla on the left side; F, anal slit; G, right posterior spiracle. Abbreviations: a–e—creeping welt rows a–e; an—anus; per pad—perianal pad; s1–s10—cuticular sensilla 1–10; sp hr 1–4—spiracular hair groups 1–4; sp sl 1–3—spiracular slits 1–3. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023212/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Figs 21 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FDAA5326FD8EFD45" box="[540,596,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1717,1741]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,273,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-72@79.[151,1436,273,1694]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 47. A. tres sp. nov., SEM views of ventral abdominal creeping welts (CW) and anterior spiracles. (A-E) and Aspistomella sp., anterior spiracles (F). A, CW1 on abdominal segment I; B, CW2 on abdominal segment II; C, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, magnified area shows a double row of large spinules; D, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII; E, right posterior spiracle of A. tres sp. nov.; F, left anterior spiracle of Aspistomella sp. Abbreviations: a-e—creeping welt rows a–e. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023292/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">47 B</figureCitation>
) and an anterior row of anteriorly oriented spinules on segments III-VIII (row a,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FF5853C2FE84FD69" box="[238,350,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1625,1649]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-30@36.[151,1436,181,1602]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 21. Aspistomella duo sp. nov., SEM views of abdominal creeping welts (CW) and caudal segment. A, creeping welt CW1 on abdominal segment I, ventral view; B, CW2 on abdominal segment II, ventral view; C, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, magnified area shows a single row of large spinules; D, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII; E, caudal segment showing the spatial pattern of cuticular sensilla on the left side; F, anal slit; G, right posterior spiracle. Abbreviations: a–e—creeping welt rows a–e; an—anus; per pad—perianal pad; s1–s10—cuticular sensilla 1–10; sp hr 1–4—spiracular hair groups 1–4; sp sl 1–3—spiracular slits 1–3. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023212/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Figs 21 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FEDC53C2FE79FD69" box="[362,419,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1717,1741]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,273,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-72@79.[151,1436,273,1694]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 47. A. tres sp. nov., SEM views of ventral abdominal creeping welts (CW) and anterior spiracles. (A-E) and Aspistomella sp., anterior spiracles (F). A, CW1 on abdominal segment I; B, CW2 on abdominal segment II; C, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, magnified area shows a double row of large spinules; D, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII; E, right posterior spiracle of A. tres sp. nov.; F, left anterior spiracle of Aspistomella sp. Abbreviations: a-e—creeping welt rows a–e. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023292/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">47 C</figureCitation>
). In contrast,
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FD8A53C2FD44FD69" authorityName="Speiser" authorityYear="1929" box="[572,670,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FD8A53C2FD44FD69" box="[572,670,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Ulivellia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
larvae have five rows of posteriorly oriented spinules on abdominal segment I (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FEA353FEFE5DFD0D" box="[277,391,690,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="103.[151,250,1625,1649]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-20@103.[151,1436,181,1602]" captionTargetPageId="103" captionText="FIGURE 58. Ulivellia arcuata sp. nov., SEM views of mouthooks and abdominal creeping welts (CW), posterior spiracle and puparium A, mouthhooks; B, CW1 on abdominal segment I, ventral view; C, CW2 on abdominal segment II, ventral view; D, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, ventral view; E, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII, ventral view; F, left posterior spiracle; G, dorsal view of anterior portion of empty puparial integument. Abbreviations: a–e—creeping welt rows a-e. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023318" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023318/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Figs 58 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FE2553FEFE16FD0D" box="[403,460,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 60" captionStartId="105.[151,250,1625,1649]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-20@105.[151,1436,181,1602]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURE 60. Ulivellia tenoris sp. nov., SEM views of ventral abdominal creeping welts (CW) and caudal segment A, CW1 on abdominal segment I, ventral view; B, CW2 on abdominal segment II, ventral view; C, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, ventral view; D, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII, ventral view; E, anal slit; F, posterior spiracles on caudal segment, dorsal view; G, left posterior spiracle. Abbreviations: a–e—creeping welt rows a–e. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023322" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023322/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">60 A</figureCitation>
), five or more rows of posteriorly oriented spinules in the anterior part of the creeping welts of abdominal segments III-VIII (rows b and c,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FD58539AFC85FD31" box="[750,863,726,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="103.[151,250,1625,1649]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-20@103.[151,1436,181,1602]" captionTargetPageId="103" captionText="FIGURE 58. Ulivellia arcuata sp. nov., SEM views of mouthooks and abdominal creeping welts (CW), posterior spiracle and puparium A, mouthhooks; B, CW1 on abdominal segment I, ventral view; C, CW2 on abdominal segment II, ventral view; D, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, ventral view; E, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII, ventral view; F, left posterior spiracle; G, dorsal view of anterior portion of empty puparial integument. Abbreviations: a–e—creeping welt rows a-e. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023318" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023318/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Figs 58 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FCDD539AFC78FD31" box="[875,930,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 60" captionStartId="105.[151,250,1625,1649]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-20@105.[151,1436,181,1602]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURE 60. Ulivellia tenoris sp. nov., SEM views of ventral abdominal creeping welts (CW) and caudal segment A, CW1 on abdominal segment I, ventral view; B, CW2 on abdominal segment II, ventral view; C, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, ventral view; D, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII, ventral view; E, anal slit; F, posterior spiracles on caudal segment, dorsal view; G, left posterior spiracle. Abbreviations: a–e—creeping welt rows a–e. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023322" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023322/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">60 B</figureCitation>
) and two to three anterior rows of anteriorly oriented spinules on segments II-VIII (rows a,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FD1553B6FCCFFCD5" box="[675,789,762,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="103.[151,250,1625,1649]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-20@103.[151,1436,181,1602]" captionTargetPageId="103" captionText="FIGURE 58. Ulivellia arcuata sp. nov., SEM views of mouthooks and abdominal creeping welts (CW), posterior spiracle and puparium A, mouthhooks; B, CW1 on abdominal segment I, ventral view; C, CW2 on abdominal segment II, ventral view; D, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, ventral view; E, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII, ventral view; F, left posterior spiracle; G, dorsal view of anterior portion of empty puparial integument. Abbreviations: a–e—creeping welt rows a-e. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023318" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023318/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Figs 58 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FC9653B6FC83FCD5" box="[800,857,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 60" captionStartId="105.[151,250,1625,1649]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-20@105.[151,1436,181,1602]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURE 60. Ulivellia tenoris sp. nov., SEM views of ventral abdominal creeping welts (CW) and caudal segment A, CW1 on abdominal segment I, ventral view; B, CW2 on abdominal segment II, ventral view; C, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, ventral view; D, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII, ventral view; E, anal slit; F, posterior spiracles on caudal segment, dorsal view; G, left posterior spiracle. Abbreviations: a–e—creeping welt rows a–e. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023322" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023322/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">60 C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E36FFA2FF715252FA4AFC2D" blockId="86.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
The posterior spiracular slits of
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FDFE5252FD1CFCF8" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[584,710,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuata">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FDFE5252FD1CFCF8" box="[584,710,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">U. arcuata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembled silhouettes of kneeling and bowing humans, their spiracular slits 1 and 2 were symmetrical, and the yellow area above the spiracular slits widened towards the edge of the spiracle (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FEFF522AFE6BFC41" box="[329,433,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-20@17.[151,1436,181,1610]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 9. Larvae and puparia of Aspistomella (A–B, F–G, I) and Ulivellia (C–E, H). A, A. duo larva, posterior spiracles; B, A. tres larva, same; C, U. tenoris larva, right posterior spiracle; D, U. arcuata larva, right posterior spiracle; E, U. arcuata puparium, right posterior spiracle; F, Aspistomella sp. larva, right posterior spiracle; G, A. duo, empty puparial exuvium; H, U. tenoris empty puparial exuvium; I, A. duo larva, creeping welt on fifth abdominal segment. Arrow indicates an incomplete second row of large spinules. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023171/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Figs 9 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FE08522BFE2CFC41" box="[446,502,870,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="103.[151,250,1625,1649]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-20@103.[151,1436,181,1602]" captionTargetPageId="103" captionText="FIGURE 58. Ulivellia arcuata sp. nov., SEM views of mouthooks and abdominal creeping welts (CW), posterior spiracle and puparium A, mouthhooks; B, CW1 on abdominal segment I, ventral view; C, CW2 on abdominal segment II, ventral view; D, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, ventral view; E, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII, ventral view; F, left posterior spiracle; G, dorsal view of anterior portion of empty puparial integument. Abbreviations: a–e—creeping welt rows a-e. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023318" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023318/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">58 F</figureCitation>
). In contrast, the spiracular slits of
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FC3D522AFC26FC40" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[907,1020,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenoris">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FC3D522AFC26FC40" box="[907,1020,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">U. tenoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
had an additional turn in the central part, spiracular slits 1 and 2 were asymmetrical and the width of the yellow line above the spiracular slit was almost constant (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FEB552E2FEBDFC09" box="[259,359,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-20@17.[151,1436,181,1610]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 9. Larvae and puparia of Aspistomella (A–B, F–G, I) and Ulivellia (C–E, H). A, A. duo larva, posterior spiracles; B, A. tres larva, same; C, U. tenoris larva, right posterior spiracle; D, U. arcuata larva, right posterior spiracle; E, U. arcuata puparium, right posterior spiracle; F, Aspistomella sp. larva, right posterior spiracle; G, A. duo, empty puparial exuvium; H, U. tenoris empty puparial exuvium; I, A. duo larva, creeping welt on fifth abdominal segment. Arrow indicates an incomplete second row of large spinules. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023171/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Figs 9 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FEC452E2FE70FC09" box="[370,426,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURE 60" captionStartId="105.[151,250,1625,1649]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-20@105.[151,1436,181,1602]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURE 60. Ulivellia tenoris sp. nov., SEM views of ventral abdominal creeping welts (CW) and caudal segment A, CW1 on abdominal segment I, ventral view; B, CW2 on abdominal segment II, ventral view; C, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, ventral view; D, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII, ventral view; E, anal slit; F, posterior spiracles on caudal segment, dorsal view; G, left posterior spiracle. Abbreviations: a–e—creeping welt rows a–e. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023322" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023322/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">60 G</figureCitation>
); furthermore, the shape of the spiracle was more rectangular than the more oval shape of the other four species and the distance between the spiracles was comparatively large (high sd/sw index,
<tableCitation id="C6DBAD851E36FFA2FA9B529EFA59FC2D" box="[1325,1411,979,1005]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="109.[152,244,614,638]" captionTargetBox="[163,1422,689,1946]" captionText="TABLE 2. Comparison of measurements of third instar larvae of five species of Aspistomella and Ulivellia (number of specimens examined in brackets)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF26C8B61E0DFF99FF2E532BFDDAFD62" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" tableUuid="DF26C8B61E0DFF99FF2E532BFDDAFD62">Table 2</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E36FFA2FF7152BAFAD1FB61" blockId="86.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FF7152BAFEA4FBD0" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[199,382,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenoris">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FF7152BAFEA4FBD0" box="[199,382,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Ulivellia tenoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FD7552BAFCE1FBD0" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[707,827,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuata">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FD7552BAFCE1FBD0" box="[707,827,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">U. arcuata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a double row of large spinules (rows d,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FAC652BAFF0AFBF5" captionStart="FIGURE 60" captionStartId="105.[151,250,1625,1649]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-20@105.[151,1436,181,1602]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURE 60. Ulivellia tenoris sp. nov., SEM views of ventral abdominal creeping welts (CW) and caudal segment A, CW1 on abdominal segment I, ventral view; B, CW2 on abdominal segment II, ventral view; C, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, ventral view; D, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII, ventral view; E, anal slit; F, posterior spiracles on caudal segment, dorsal view; G, left posterior spiracle. Abbreviations: a–e—creeping welt rows a–e. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023322" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023322/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Fig. 60 C</figureCitation>
), while
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FE9D5556FE79FBF4" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[299,419,1051,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuata">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FE9D5556FE79FBF4" box="[299,419,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">U. arcuata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
had only one (rows d,
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FD115556FCCCFBF5" box="[679,790,1050,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="103.[151,250,1625,1649]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-20@103.[151,1436,181,1602]" captionTargetPageId="103" captionText="FIGURE 58. Ulivellia arcuata sp. nov., SEM views of mouthooks and abdominal creeping welts (CW), posterior spiracle and puparium A, mouthhooks; B, CW1 on abdominal segment I, ventral view; C, CW2 on abdominal segment II, ventral view; D, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, ventral view; E, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII, ventral view; F, left posterior spiracle; G, dorsal view of anterior portion of empty puparial integument. Abbreviations: a–e—creeping welt rows a-e. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023318" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023318/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Fig. 58 D</figureCitation>
). Furthermore, in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FC545556FB88FBF4" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[994,1106,1051,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenoris">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FC545556FB88FBF4" box="[994,1106,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">U. tenoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
rows b in the anterior half of the creeping welts of abdominal segments II-VIII were discontinuous, slightly curved and mesh-like (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FAA95572FA54FB99" box="[1311,1422,1087,1113]" captionStart="FIGURE 60" captionStartId="105.[151,250,1625,1649]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-20@105.[151,1436,181,1602]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURE 60. Ulivellia tenoris sp. nov., SEM views of ventral abdominal creeping welts (CW) and caudal segment A, CW1 on abdominal segment I, ventral view; B, CW2 on abdominal segment II, ventral view; C, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, ventral view; D, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII, ventral view; E, anal slit; F, posterior spiracles on caudal segment, dorsal view; G, left posterior spiracle. Abbreviations: a–e—creeping welt rows a–e. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023322" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023322/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Fig. 60 C</figureCitation>
), while in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FF4D552EFEAEFBBC" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[251,372,1123,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuata">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FF4D552EFEAEFBBC" box="[251,372,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">U. arcuata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
they were relatively parallel to each other and continuous (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FBA5552EFB5EFBBD" box="[1043,1156,1122,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="103.[151,250,1625,1649]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-20@103.[151,1436,181,1602]" captionTargetPageId="103" captionText="FIGURE 58. Ulivellia arcuata sp. nov., SEM views of mouthooks and abdominal creeping welts (CW), posterior spiracle and puparium A, mouthhooks; B, CW1 on abdominal segment I, ventral view; C, CW2 on abdominal segment II, ventral view; D, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, ventral view; E, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII, ventral view; F, left posterior spiracle; G, dorsal view of anterior portion of empty puparial integument. Abbreviations: a–e—creeping welt rows a-e. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023318" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023318/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Fig. 58 D</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FB2E552EFA82FBBC" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[1176,1368,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuata">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FB2E552EFA82FBBC" box="[1176,1368,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Ulivellia arcuata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
had a continuous central row c (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FE0D55CAFDF3FB61" box="[443,553,1158,1185]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="103.[151,250,1625,1649]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-20@103.[151,1436,181,1602]" captionTargetPageId="103" captionText="FIGURE 58. Ulivellia arcuata sp. nov., SEM views of mouthooks and abdominal creeping welts (CW), posterior spiracle and puparium A, mouthhooks; B, CW1 on abdominal segment I, ventral view; C, CW2 on abdominal segment II, ventral view; D, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, ventral view; E, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII, ventral view; F, left posterior spiracle; G, dorsal view of anterior portion of empty puparial integument. Abbreviations: a–e—creeping welt rows a-e. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023318" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023318/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Fig. 58 D</figureCitation>
), whereas
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FD1655CAFCCAFB60" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[672,784,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenoris">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FD1655CAFCCAFB60" box="[672,784,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">U. tenoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
row c had a discontinuous row c (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FB2755CAFB24FB61" box="[1169,1278,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURE 60" captionStartId="105.[151,250,1625,1649]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-20@105.[151,1436,181,1602]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURE 60. Ulivellia tenoris sp. nov., SEM views of ventral abdominal creeping welts (CW) and caudal segment A, CW1 on abdominal segment I, ventral view; B, CW2 on abdominal segment II, ventral view; C, CW4 on abdominal segment IV, ventral view; D, CW8 on abdominal (caudal) segment VIII, ventral view; E, anal slit; F, posterior spiracles on caudal segment, dorsal view; G, left posterior spiracle. Abbreviations: a–e—creeping welt rows a–e. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023322" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023322/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Fig. 60 C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E36FFA2FF7155E7FB04FAF1" blockId="86.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FF7155E7FE9AFB04" bold="true" box="[199,320,1194,1220]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Puparium</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FEF955E6FE15FB05" box="[335,463,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-20@17.[151,1436,181,1610]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 9. Larvae and puparia of Aspistomella (A–B, F–G, I) and Ulivellia (C–E, H). A, A. duo larva, posterior spiracles; B, A. tres larva, same; C, U. tenoris larva, right posterior spiracle; D, U. arcuata larva, right posterior spiracle; E, U. arcuata puparium, right posterior spiracle; F, Aspistomella sp. larva, right posterior spiracle; G, A. duo, empty puparial exuvium; H, U. tenoris empty puparial exuvium; I, A. duo larva, creeping welt on fifth abdominal segment. Arrow indicates an incomplete second row of large spinules. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023171/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Figs 9 E, H</figureCitation>
). Puparia of
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FDD755E6FD19FB05" authorityName="Speiser" authorityYear="1929" box="[609,707,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FDD755E6FD19FB05" box="[609,707,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Ulivellia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FC6E55E6FBB3FB05" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1909" box="[984,1129,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FC6E55E6FBB3FB05" box="[984,1129,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Aspistomella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but could be distinguished by their posterior spiracles and creeping welts, just as in larvae (
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FCE85582FC65FB28" box="[862,959,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">compare</emphasis>
spiracular slits in
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FB3F5582FAD3FB29" box="[1161,1289,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-20@17.[151,1436,181,1610]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 9. Larvae and puparia of Aspistomella (A–B, F–G, I) and Ulivellia (C–E, H). A, A. duo larva, posterior spiracles; B, A. tres larva, same; C, U. tenoris larva, right posterior spiracle; D, U. arcuata larva, right posterior spiracle; E, U. arcuata puparium, right posterior spiracle; F, Aspistomella sp. larva, right posterior spiracle; G, A. duo, empty puparial exuvium; H, U. tenoris empty puparial exuvium; I, A. duo larva, creeping welt on fifth abdominal segment. Arrow indicates an incomplete second row of large spinules. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023171/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Figs 9 D, E</figureCitation>
). In addition,
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FF2155BEFEF2FACD" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,296,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Aspistomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FF2155BEFEF2FACD" box="[151,296,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Aspistomella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
puparia were widest at abdominal segments 3–4, whereas
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FC0F55BEFBC1FACD" authorityName="Speiser" authorityYear="1929" box="[953,1051,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FC0F55BEFBC1FACD" box="[953,1051,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Ulivellia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
puparia were widest at abdominal segment 7 (
<figureCitation id="136284BB1E36FFA2FEAE545AFE46FAF1" box="[280,412,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-20@17.[151,1436,181,1610]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 9. Larvae and puparia of Aspistomella (A–B, F–G, I) and Ulivellia (C–E, H). A, A. duo larva, posterior spiracles; B, A. tres larva, same; C, U. tenoris larva, right posterior spiracle; D, U. arcuata larva, right posterior spiracle; E, U. arcuata puparium, right posterior spiracle; F, Aspistomella sp. larva, right posterior spiracle; G, A. duo, empty puparial exuvium; H, U. tenoris empty puparial exuvium; I, A. duo larva, creeping welt on fifth abdominal segment. Arrow indicates an incomplete second row of large spinules. (All photographs by Damir Kovac.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14023171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14023171/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Figs 9 G, H</figureCitation>
). Puparia of
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FD99545AFD7DFAF0" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[559,679,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuata">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FD99545AFD7DFAF0" box="[559,679,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">U. arcuata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were smaller than those of the other three species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E36FFA2FF715477FB4EFAB9" blockId="86.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FF715477FEF0FA94" bold="true" box="[199,298,1338,1364]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Habitat.</emphasis>
The larvae of
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FE635476FD4CFA94" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[469,662,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuata">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FE635476FD4CFA94" box="[469,662,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Ulivellia arcuata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FD675476FC99FA94" authorityName="Kovac &amp; Kameneva &amp; Korneyev &amp; Araújo &amp; Savaris &amp; Smit &amp; Schneider &amp; Schreiber &amp; Korneyev" authorityYear="2024" box="[721,835,1339,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenoris">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FD675476FC99FA94" box="[721,835,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">U. tenoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
live in the water-filled internodes of young bamboo culms of
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FF495412FE3DFAB9" box="[255,487,1375,1401]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Guadua" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustifolia">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FF495412FE3DFAB9" box="[255,487,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Guadua angustifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The biology of
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FD175412FCD9FAB9" authorityName="Speiser" authorityYear="1929" box="[673,771,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FD175412FCD9FAB9" box="[673,771,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Ulivellia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is described in the Biology section.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C343CBB51E36FFA3FF7154CEFE6CFEDD" lastPageId="87" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E36FFA2FF7154CEFD7DF9C9" blockId="86.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FF7154CEFEE1FA5D" bold="true" box="[199,315,1411,1437]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Remarks.</emphasis>
In the original description,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC8E5CF1E36FFA2FDCB54CEFCFEFA5D" author="Speiser, P." box="[637,804,1411,1437]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" pagination="27 - 31" refId="ref76051" refString="Speiser, P. (1929) Drei Ortaliden aus Sudbrasilien (Dipt.). Wiener Entomologische Zeitung, 46, 27 - 31." type="journal article" year="1929">Speiser (1929)</bibRefCitation>
characterised
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FC7C54CEFBF6FA5D" authorityName="Speiser" authorityYear="1929" box="[970,1068,1411,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Ulivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FC7C54CEFBF6FA5D" box="[970,1068,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Ulivellia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as “…somewhat reminiscent of
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FF2154EAFF34FA01" authorityName="Robineau-Desvoidy" authorityYear="1830" box="[151,238,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Rivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FF2154EAFF34FA01" box="[151,238,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Rivellia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[a genus of the
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FE1254EAFD8CFA01" box="[420,598,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Platystomatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Platystomatidae</taxonomicName>
—VK] in the general appearance; however, this form belongs to the group around
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FF5A5486FE41FA25" authority="H. Lw." authorityName="H. Lw." box="[236,411,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Euxesta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FF5A5486FE9FFA24" box="[236,325,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Euxesta</emphasis>
H. Lw.
</taxonomicName>
, including
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FDA15486FD2DFA25" authority="Coquill." authorityName="Coquill." box="[535,759,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Pareuxesta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FDA15486FD4EFA24" box="[535,660,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Pareuxesta</emphasis>
Coquill.
</taxonomicName>
because the end of R
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E36FFA2FC505490FC34FA2B" attach="left" box="[998,1006,1501,1515]" fontSize="6" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">1</subScript>
is setulose and the analis [vein CuA + CuP] disappears just behind the anal cell [cua].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E36FFA3FF71575EFE6CFEDD" blockId="86.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastBlockId="87.[151,1437,151,1185]" lastPageId="87" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
[…]Due to the peculiar position of the small transverse veins, the use of Hendel's key […] of the “Genera Insectorum”, one is easily misled into interpreting the form as
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FCD3577AFBE6F991" authority="Hendel" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1909" box="[869,1084,1591,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Axiologina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FCD3577AFC3AF991" box="[869,992,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Axiologina</emphasis>
Hendel
</taxonomicName>
; leaving this aside, one arrives quite easily at
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FE815716FDC9F9B5" authority="Coquill." authorityName="Coquill." box="[311,531,1627,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Pareuxesta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FE815716FE6EF9B4" box="[311,436,1627,1652]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Pareuxesta</emphasis>
Coquill.
</taxonomicName>
—however, apart from the setae on the frontal vitta, which are much more similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FEA25732FEB7F958" box="[276,365,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Euxesta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FEA25732FEB7F958" box="[276,365,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Euxesta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the vertical plates of the frons are only short, so that they hardly reach further forward than the ocellar triangle, and thus barely reach a third of the length of the frons. On the other hand, the ocelli are not arranged in an equilateral triangle, as in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FE59578AFDB6F920" box="[495,620,1735,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Pareuxesta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FE59578AFDB6F920" box="[495,620,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Pareuxesta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but in an acute-angled isosceles triangle. The clypeus [face—VK] is not only shallowly concave, but rather deeply depressed transversely above the centre; its upper, slightly transversely curved part has a fine median longitudinal keel, as in some
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FC835642FC33F8E9" box="[821,1001,1807,1833]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FC835642FC54F8E8" box="[821,910,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Euxesta</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
; the lower part is well curved. The 3rd antennal joint [postpedicel] has a shallowly concave upper edge, otherwise the morphology of the head and its appendages, as well as that of the thorax and its bristles, does not differ from that of compared genera. The wing vein, however, has some peculiarities: The first posterior marginal cell [= cell r
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E36FFA2FBB656C0FBC0F85B" attach="left" box="[1024,1050,1933,1947]" fontSize="6" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">4+5</subScript>
—VK] is very clearly narrowed by the convergence of the longitudinal veins. The small transverse vein [= r-m—VK] is displaced proximally (further than in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FF5D568EFE63F81D" authority="Hendel" authorityName="Hendel" box="[235,441,1987,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Euxesta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insolita">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FF5D568EFE84F81D" box="[235,350,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">E. insolita</emphasis>
Hendel
</taxonomicName>
, but not as far as in
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E36FFA2FD2E568EFCC9F81D" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1909" box="[664,787,1987,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Axiologina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E36FFA2FD2E568EFCC9F81D" box="[664,787,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Axiologina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); it is slightly further than at the end of the first quarter of the disal cell length. Due to a peculiar divergence of the cubitus [= vein M
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E37FFA3FC7B51E4FC0FFF77" attach="left" box="[973,981,169,183]" fontSize="6" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">4</subScript>
] towards the posterior margin, the discal cell is already widened from the first quarter of its length, so that at the the posterior transverse vein it is at least three times as wide as its base; its postero-distal corner is acute-angled. The character of the anal cell and vein has already been mentioned.”
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C343CBB51E37FFA3FF71506BFAE7FB61" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E37FFA3FF71506BFD13FE11" blockId="87.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="B92D442C1E37FFA3FF71506BFE13FE80" bold="true" box="[199,457,294,320]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">[Original description</emphasis>
: “Im Gesamtbilde etwas an
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E37FFA3FC93506AFCA4FE81" authorityName="Robineau-Desvoidy" authorityYear="1830" box="[805,894,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Rivellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rivellia</taxonomicName>
erinnernd, gehört diese Form gewissermassen vermittelnd in die Gruppe um
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E37FFA3FE455006FD7BFEA5" authority="H. Lw." authorityName="H. Lw." box="[499,673,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Euxesta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Euxesta H. Lw.</taxonomicName>
—Man könnte sie fast ebenso gut als etwas weitergehend seitwärts entwickelte
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E37FFA3FE925022FEA7FE49" box="[292,381,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Euxesta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Euxesta</taxonomicName>
neben
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E37FFA3FE615022FD70FE49" authority="Hendel" authorityName="Hendel" box="[471,682,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Euxesta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insolita">E. insolita Hendel</taxonomicName>
stellen, wie man mit grösserem formalen Recht sie zur Gattung
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E37FFA3FF2150DEFEA9FE6D" authority="Coquill." authorityName="Coquill." box="[151,371,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Pareuxesta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pareuxesta Coquill.</taxonomicName>
rechnen könnte, weil das Ende von R
<subScript id="17DD9A7B1E37FFA3FCAA50E8FCFEFE73" attach="left" box="[796,804,421,435]" fontSize="6" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">1</subScript>
(Subcosta bei Hendel) dicht beborstet ist und die Analis ein Stückchen hinter der Analzelle restlos aufhört.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6983E1E37FFA3FF715096FAE7FB61" blockId="87.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
Hendel will ja auch schon diese Inselgattung
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E37FFA3FD635096FC94FE35" box="[725,846,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Pareuxesta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pareuxesta</taxonomicName>
für „etwas problematisch“ halten. Immerhin ist sie deutlich genug gekennzeichnet, und anderseits die jetzt neu vorliegende Form doch im Geäder einigermassen abweichend, um nicht ohne Zwang weiterer Tatsachen alles zu vereinigen und damit tiergeographische Hinweise unnötig zu verwischen. Durch die eigenartige Stellung der kleinen Querader wird man bei Benutzung von Hendel's Tabelle in fase. 106 der „Genera Insectorum&quot; leicht verleitet, die Form als
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E37FFA3FC795326FB7EFD45" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1909" box="[975,1188,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Axiologina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hendel">Axiologina Hendel</taxonomicName>
aufzufassen, lässt man diese Klippe beiseite, gelangt man ziemlich zwanglos auf
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E37FFA3FCA353C2FC36FD69" authority="Coquill." authorityName="Coquill." box="[789,1004,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Pareuxesta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pareuxesta Coquill.</taxonomicName>
—Abgesehen aber von der Beborstung der Stirnstrieme, die erheblich mehr derjenigen bei
<taxonomicName id="4C59E3BD1E37FFA3FD5753FEFCE0FD0D" box="[737,826,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Ulidiidae" genus="Euxesta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Euxesta</taxonomicName>
entspricht, sind auch die Scheitelplatten der Stirn nur kurz entwickelt, sodass sie kaum weiter nach vorn reichen, als das Ocellendreieck, und also kaum ein Drittel der Stirnlänge erreichen. Die Ocellen anderseits stehen nicht, wie bei
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, in einem gleichseitigen, sondern in einem spitzwinklig gleichschenkligen Dreieck. Der Clypeus ist nicht nur seicht konkav, sondern oberhalb der Mitte ziemlich tief quer eingedrückt, sein oberer, wenig in der Quere gewölbter Teil weist, wie bei einigen Euxesta-Arten auch, einen feinen Mittellängskiel auf; der untere Teil ist gut gewölbt. Das 3. Fühlerglied weist eine seicht konkav ausgebuchtete Oberkante auf, sonst bietet die Morphologie des Kopfes und seiner Anhänge, ebenso diejenige des Thorax und seine Beborstung keine Abweichungen gegenüber den verglichenen Gattungen. Das Flügelgeäder indessen hat einige eigentümliche Züge: Die erste Hinterrandzelle ist durch Convergenz der Längsadern sehr deutlich verengt. Die kleine Querader ist (weiter als bei
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, aber nicht so weit, wie bei
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) wurzelwärts zurückverlagert; sie steht ein wenig weiter als am Ende des ersten Viertels der Discoidalzellenlänge. Die Discoidalzelle ist durch eine eigentümliche Schwingung des Cubitus gegen den Hinterrand zu schon von dem ersten Viertel ihrer Länge ab buchtig erweitert, sodass die hintere Querader gut dreimal so lang ist wie ihre Basis; ihr unteres äusseres Ende ist spitzwinklig. Die Beschaffenheit der Analzelle und -ader wurde bereits erwähnt.”
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

161
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@ -1,104 +1,106 @@
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