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<mods:title id="6A044D1FCF3738FC2C0AAA54C6FE42FB">Phylogeographic pattern and taxonomic revision of the Kaloula baleata species complex (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae) with description of two new species from Indochina</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D79C22F034274F36012CEB6ABB7E84C4">Gorin, Vladislav A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F62C5F54DD2F4A1A1B69382F8C93E530">Orlov, Nikolai L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="45FE123D6E2AB9C27A19BD267DEBD1B1">Joint Vietnam - Russia Tropical Science & Technology Research Center, 63 Nguyen Van Huyen Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi 122000, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="7F1B00CF7B15D5937F7FABBA99C42AB1">Division of Fishery, School of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand & Rabbit in the Moon Foundation, Suanphueng, Ratchaburi 70180, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6C57FAD454E266B78FD4256935A47F71">Milto, Konstantin D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7AAD310D03B8CCC9D0B7286E50850A74">Nguyen, Tan Van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FEBD2FD51FE53DD390B8EAE46EC094B4">Institute for Research & Training in Medicine, Biology & Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3BE8EA2B3127BBE512D0019FE8B127A8">Dufresnes, Christophe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BEC7D81595111ACF9E6C139B690FD992">Poyarkov, Nikolay A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C5CD990E2AC68A1FF2A71E9953367EF8">Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory, Moscow 119234, Russia & Joint Vietnam - Russia Tropical Science & Technology Research Center, 63 Nguyen Van Huyen Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi 122000, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="22C36F4A1098DB0ED7EEAF8F742074E6">Herpetozoa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="CEB38CA2BD865E1AEBB8F189BC3CC659">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="369CEF0A6BF939B50C200C2A05D63A1E">2024-12-11</mods:number>
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<treatment id="B0550F463226595F8DC47BEFEC917F34" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14396117" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14396117" ID-arpha="B0550F46-3226-595F-8DC4-7BEFEC917F34" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/BF91FDDB-DE05-4518-96E5-E9151DDDF87F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B0550F463226595F8DC47BEFEC917F34" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BF91FDDB-DE05-4518-96E5-E9151DDDF87F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B0550F463226595F8DC47BEFEC917F34" scope_class="Amphibia" scope_family="Microhylidae" scope_order="Anura">
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<subSubSection id="EBF60C9CCD05BF1B1A927AAFDB1CDEAE" type="nomenclature">
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<taxonomicName id="DB542048BC817FE3766F971C86857134" authority="Poyarkov, Orlov, Gorin & Milto" authorityName="Poyarkov, Orlov, Gorin & Milto" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laosensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="3E478191A541D29CD4E00FE63359845A" italics="true">Kaloula laosensis</emphasis>
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Poyarkov, Orlov, Gorin & Milto
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="031CE8849BFE24CB8B4295B9A7526292" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="B8D2C07AB14B3E392C4B5D0F36B609D5" type="description">
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<figureCitation id="E60A13C3E069EE936FE637D59AAA9DE7" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Genealogical relationships of the genus Kaloula based on the analysis of mtDNA fragments, including 12 S rRNA, tRNAVal, and 16 S rRNA gene sequences. Numbers at tree nodes correspond to PP / UFB support values, respectively. Black circles correspond to well-supported (PP ≥ 0.95 or UFB ≥ 90) nodes. Numbers in bold following sample names correspond to localities in Fig. 1 and Table 1. The information on GenBank Accession Numbers, museum vouchers, and localities of origin for sequences used in this study is summarized in Table 1. The holotypes of Kaloula discordia sp. nov. and Kaloula laosensis sp. nov. are marked with asterisks (* H). Photographs by N. A. Poyarkov and N. L. Orlov." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196534">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="A22F33259863F9053819A8049CB1C7DD" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Morphological details of feet and hands in the three species of the Kaloula baleata species complex of eastern Indochina. A. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov.; B. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of K. indochinensis; C. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula discordia sp. nov. Scale bar equals 5 mm. Drawings by N. A. Poyarkov." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196541">9 A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="830D40A9DC7834A75F3E0ABADD0657BC" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Holotype of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov. (ZISP 15284), adult male. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view; C. Head in a lateral view; D. Plantar view of left foot; E. Volar view of left hand. Photographs by V. A. Gorin." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196542">10</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="EE8E8D45214B2BD1202541A6F74884D5" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Dorsolateral (A) and frontal (B) views of the holotype of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov. in situ (ZISP 15284, male). Photographs by N. L. Orlov." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196543">11</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="ED7BC8E19A2A2EF96DD93C8E3B368BE5" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Dorsal coloration in a single paratype of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov. (ZMMU - A- 8144, female) Scale bar equals 5 cm. Photograph by V. A. Gorin." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196544">12</figureCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation id="2F13D891A790CE73C61CE007D986BA7D" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="T4" captionText="Table 4. Measurements (in mm) of specimens of Kaloula discordia sp. nov., Kaloula laosensis sp. nov., and K. indochinensis. For character abbreviations, see the Materials and methods section. Abbreviations: F – adult female; M – adult male; SF – subadult female; SM – subadult male." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6A19FC49F1B9EC14302CDA6DAA7C5B57" tableUuid="6A19FC49F1B9EC14302CDA6DAA7C5B57">Table 4</tableCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0EC3FM" type="Chresonymy">
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<paragraph id="092044883554DE063D734F4D160F50C9">
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<heading id="B5360DDF95FDB3BB17B58460E2719492" reason="title">Chresonymy.</heading>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="E4D7002428E5F919DA8F3B24DE2F81D6">
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<taxonomicName id="C4B01DF8789287799A91690B3CC3ABD2" ID-CoL="3QZKJ" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baleata">
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<emphasis id="CB553165613D899C2DF54BE132E13D5C" italics="true">Kaloula baleata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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[partim] —
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<treatmentCitation id="3C9EBFC8475010E09CB3081EA57BC0C3" author="Orlov NL & Ananjeva NB" page="148" year="2007">
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<bibRefCitation id="C8FAE17879FE10AA563473D97C282EE3" author="Orlov NL & Ananjeva NB" firstAuthor="Orlov" page="148" refId="B57" refString="Orlov NL, Ananjeva NB (2007) Amphibians of South-East Asia, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg. [in Russian]" year="2007">Orlov and Ananjeva (2007: 148)</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="1FE081BC4FB183DF39FE66AF06187F66" author="Nguyen SV & Ho CT & Nguyen TQ" page="94" year="2009">
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<bibRefCitation id="024B4AF127CA04D6517D19DC3C545E00" author="Nguyen SV & Ho CT & Nguyen TQ" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Nguyen" page="94" refId="B53" refString="Nguyen SV, Ho CT, Nguyen TQ (2009) Herpetofauna of Vietnam, Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt." year="2009">Nguyen et al. (2009: 94)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FEB136FFE291CFF5DA338D6B89D9480F" ID-CoL="3QZKQ" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="indochinensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1069BA176EC1919CB94C7503434B1DDE" italics="true">Kaloula indochinensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
[partim] —
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="F0D39714209114B39C8C59E5648501C4" author="Chan KO & Blackburn DC & Murphy RW & Stuart BL & Emmett DA & Ho CT & Brown RM" page="334" year="2013">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3C182277034AB389386340BA5DA412F2" DOI="10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" author="Chan KO & Blackburn DC & Murphy RW & Stuart BL & Emmett DA & Ho CT & Brown RM" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chan" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Herpetologica" page="334" pagination="329-341" refId="B5" refString="Chan KO, Blackburn DC, Murphy RW, Stuart BL, Emmett DA, Ho CT, Brown RM (2013) A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina. Herpetologica 69 (3): 329–341. https://doi.org/10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" title="A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina." volume="69" year="2013">Chan et al. (2013: 334</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="FDCAF09810D2C62387D60E967A29225E" author="Chan KO & Grismer LL & Brown RM" page="577" year="2014">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="7D4BE4F273699EE1A1607E9B62A0B47E" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3900.4.7" author="Chan KO & Grismer LL & Brown RM" firstAuthor="Chan" issue="4" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" page="577" pagination="569-580" refId="B6" refString="Chan KO, Grismer LL, Brown RM (2014) Reappraisal of the Javanese Bullfrog complex, Kaloula baleata (Müller, 1836) (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae), reveals a new species from Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa 3900 (4): 569–580. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3900.4.7" title="Reappraisal of the Javanese Bullfrog complex, Kaloula baleata (Müller, 1836) (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae), reveals a new species from Peninsular Malaysia." volume="3900" year="2014">2014: 577</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="B21EE968F8D9082C60BDFD272B0023B3" author="Teynié A & Nguyen TQ & Lorvelec O & Piquet A & Lottier A & David P" page="29" year="2014">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2A75E83883E3C826384E2C3ED79BD916" author="Teynié A & Nguyen TQ & Lorvelec O & Piquet A & Lottier A & David P" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Teynie" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Société Herpétologique de France" page="29" pagination="21-52" refId="B78" refString="Teynié A, Nguyen TQ, Lorvelec O, Piquet A, Lottier A, David P (2014) Amphibiens et Reptiles du Laos: nouvelles données nationales et provinciales. Bulletin de la Société Herpétologique de France 151: 21–52. [in French]" title="Amphibiens et Reptiles du Laos: nouvelles données nationales et provinciales." volume="151" year="2014">Teynié et al. (2014: 29)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="A6F4E3521F501FC197FF9A9B63D54E75" author="Chandramouli SR & Prasad KVD" page="52" year="2018">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="188DB9D24D134634C24609FAE531E9D3" author="Chandramouli SR & Prasad KVD" firstAuthor="Chandramouli" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Tropical Natural History" page="52" pagination="40-53" refId="B8" refString="Chandramouli SR, Prasad KVD (2018) Taxonomic status of the endemic Andaman Bullfrog Kaloula baleata ghoshi Cherchi, 1954 (Anura, Microhylidae) with notes on distribution, natural history. Tropical Natural History 18 (1): 40–53." title="Taxonomic status of the endemic Andaman Bullfrog Kaloula baleata ghoshi Cherchi, 1954 (Anura, Microhylidae) with notes on distribution, natural history." volume="18" year="2018">Chandramouli and Prasad (2018: 52)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="8B3207EA6AFB5B367D3DBC44F8CFAB7B" author="Poyarkov NA & Nguyen TV & Popov ES & Geissler P & Pawangkhanant P & Neang T & Suwannapoom C & Orlov NL" page="39" year="">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4EC2FC86479F19A23B29B4D73DFCC812" DOI="10.30906/1026-2296-2021-28-3A-1-110" author="Poyarkov NA & Nguyen TV & Popov ES & Geissler P & Pawangkhanant P & Neang T & Suwannapoom C & Orlov NL" refId="B67" refString="Poyarkov NA, Nguyen TV, Popov ES, Geissler P, Pawangkhanant P, Neang T, Suwannapoom C, Orlov NL (2021 b) Recent progress in taxonomic studies, biogeographic analysis and revised checklist of amphibians in Indochina. Russian Journal of Herpetology 28 (3 A): 1–110. https://doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2021-28-3A-1-110">Poyarkov et al. (2021 b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 39
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="75A384F52B5FDC90BDCCD4230DE2B62E" author="Holden J" page="148" year="2023">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="CDCD29C0F3E4A45BEDD3155FF3DC2118" author="Holden J" firstAuthor="Holden" page="148" refId="B28" refString="Holden J (2023) Amphibians of Cambodia. A Field Guide, Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt." year="2023">Holden (2023: 148)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EA5FM" type="Holotype">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B01CF8B3CB261DFE362F3B8A1AA9EE99">
|
||||
<heading id="EBFD6ED492D49B10E87CA7AB79918D87" reason="title">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="F4ED33C63033CCE625D4D3CF716A3799" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="50499AE4989324024C0E71926D60163B">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="8451A60EC0DCFB332A6CA84B4BAB53F2" collectingDate="2009-06-18" collectionCode="ZISP" collectorName="N. L. Orlov & S. N. Nguyen & K. D. Milto" country="Laos" county="Bouphala District" elevation="174" latitude="17.544527" location="Na Home Village" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="105.695274" municipality="Nakai-Nam Theun National Park" specimenCode="ZISP 15284" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Khammouane Province" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<specimenCode id="D8625C23B03795543CD1F1EAB95D9B6F" collectionCode="ZISP" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" type="">
|
||||
<named-content id="B632047221919917CF6F1636140598F9" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoological-institute-russian-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences">ZISP</named-content>
|
||||
15284
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
(field label
|
||||
<named-content id="55BE3CA24404F5189C78BC029FC5204C" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoological-institute-russian-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences">ZISP</named-content>
|
||||
199),
|
||||
<specimenCount id="4B5FA7C779004987E1842FD681BAEFCE" type="adult">adult male</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="934E22E8E5F4FCF30828C44CBC7C5A60" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B0550F463226595F8DC47BEFEC917F34:934E22E8E5F4FCF30828C44CBC7C5A60" country="Laos" county="Bouphala District" latitude="17.544527" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="105.695274" municipality="Nakai-Nam Theun National Park" name="Na Home Village" stateProvince="Khammouane Province">Na Home Village</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="95D2CDFE5DF7AEE22CEAC24CDA4C376A">Bouphala District</collectingCounty>
|
||||
, near the border of
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="E4A54632734244E148F1DC5EB07BBC26">Nakai-Nam Theun National Park</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="94D3FD35A7209B3113244AFA67BE7EAD" country="Laos" name="Khammouan">Khammouane Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="6833E158E1F55B933A507BA6D5435563" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, collected by
|
||||
<collectorName id="35E12BEFF0E48E739EE386FC438C7B3D">N. L. Orlov</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="06BE6BF62B90B4F08DE1CFB78595F2B3">S. N. Nguyen</collectorName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<collectorName id="B755F0CABD48F3D8ACBA970D4FF62CFF">K. D. Milto</collectorName>
|
||||
on
|
||||
<date id="E033D043D6DED40A123AAB1D911BE9EE" value="2009-06-18">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="F41393C64433ADECF41FE22D5EDC2FFD" value="2009-06-18">June 18, 2009</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ER5FM" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[105.695278,17.544528]}">
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="ED1970FB890698499A9571B4B05A941A" degrees="17.544528" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="17.544527">17.544528 ° N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="311C860EFD0EE9ABA5A66D3F6E20ED26" degrees="105.695278" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="105.695274">105.695278 ° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
</named-content>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<elevation id="F0600A300945CD0EB2E65B6A0EBF2813" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7399999999999998" unit="m" value="174.0">
|
||||
elevation
|
||||
<quantity id="2EA6FDB7AD5E02BE6F8EF154DC430DB2" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7399999999999998" unit="m" value="174.0">174 m</quantity>
|
||||
a. s. l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EW5FM" type="Paratype">
|
||||
<paragraph id="4DB72167BD57627231E26CAE65F020F2">
|
||||
<heading id="1CCC9DF92E40E8BD4D64F2CFBC0BF1B3" reason="title">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="01410B3F09979B97495D933C22928164" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4029B1152FC205BD698B7F4E5C4B70C0">
|
||||
<emphasis id="FB3B76BDE43979F174D149D8E78CA94C" bold="true">(n = 1).</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="F0972E6DDBA367103E27CD3B8866D146" collectingDate="2009-06-18" collectionCode="ZMMU" collectorName="N. L. Orlov & S. N. Nguyen & K. D. Milto" country="Laos" county="Bouphala District" elevation="174" latitude="17.544527" location="Na Home Village" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="105.695274" municipality="Nakai-Nam Theun National Park" specimenCode="A-8144" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Khammouane Province" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<named-content id="E07E31538ABA32B0AA01AF39E944DCB4" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoological-museum-moscow-lomonosov-state-university" xlink_title="Zoological Museum of Lomonosov Moscow State University">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="A8A593B22534C5130311A661251A63EA" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
</named-content>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="3B8C4E0488F26F919A1592E20FC10510">A-8144</specimenCode>
|
||||
(field label
|
||||
<named-content id="54FA0535670D29B44A566E29C6D67D5B" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoological-institute-russian-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences">ZISP</named-content>
|
||||
200),
|
||||
<specimenCount id="6ACA2325D761E04CC1D0A8E4B899E9DD" type="adult">adult female</specimenCount>
|
||||
from the same location and with the same collection data as the holotype
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EG6FM" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2B97CFA0BF86AE1201C9F7911152FF02">
|
||||
<heading id="14E106F28E35435DF64262ECB1B43302" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6306F42BABE8D88716123F19BE21D24D">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="81E09C7F901CFC5A69A430B9EE560158" authorityName="Poyarkov, Orlov, Gorin & Milto" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laosensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4B55B22FB5E59E601D0A0376441051F9" italics="true">Kaloula laosensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ED506A43155277C34941BCB517D7CD4F" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
is distinguished from its congeners by the following combination of morphological attributes: (1) medium size (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EX6FM" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
|
||||
ranging 44.0–
|
||||
<quantity id="39A39F387FE5AB74D7F4C727F0983B49" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4799999999999995" unit="mm" value="54.8">54.8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
); (2) eyes comparatively large (eye length comprising 75 % – 100 % of snout length); (3) dark-brown dorsally, with numerous irregular dark blotches forming pericloacal ring; (4) gray or beige ventrally with dense white mottling on belly and limbs; (5) orange triangular patch on either side of the neck posterior to eyes; (6) bright-orange axillary patch present; (7) orange inguinal patch present; (8) bright-orange butterfly-shaped blotch above cloaca present; (9) gray spot on tibiotarsal articulation present; (10) dark interorbital bar present; (11) enlarged, widened finger disks (7.8 % – 7.9 % of
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E26FM" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
|
||||
), ca. 1.53 times wider than toe disks; (12) finger subarticular tubercle formula: 1: 1: 2: 2; (13) toe subarticular tubercle formula: 1: 1: 2: 2: 2; (14) three metacarpal tubercles, median metacarpal tubercle in contact with inner metacarpal tubercle; (15) two metatarsal tubercles, inner metatarsal tubercle ca. three times larger than outer metatarsal tubercle; (16) three small supernumerary tubercles at the basis of toes I, III, IV.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0E66FM" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="DEE8CF58B4ADC1ADB1334BE3DBABA7D7">
|
||||
<heading id="F46954DC097398EF67B9985D26F326D6" reason="title">
|
||||
Description of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="9A6C59DC70B753508CDEF4BAB67777D7" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="41E6F033075C1FB9E15D7943B33381F3">
|
||||
(Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="0C9D1791F971C84197E61E1F9A8B53CF" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Holotype of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov. (ZISP 15284), adult male. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view; C. Head in a lateral view; D. Plantar view of left foot; E. Volar view of left hand. Photographs by V. A. Gorin." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196542">10</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Adult male in a good state of preservation, habitus robust; head wider than long (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJAGM" xlink_title="head width">HW</abbrev>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENAGM" xlink_title="head length">HL</abbrev>
|
||||
1.19); snout projecting beyond lower jaw, truncated in dorsal and lateral views (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="719BFE0807D68C59D0753D53F34E6B78" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Holotype of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov. (ZISP 15284), adult male. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view; C. Head in a lateral view; D. Plantar view of left foot; E. Volar view of left hand. Photographs by V. A. Gorin." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196542">10 C</figureCitation>
|
||||
); top of head flat; upper eyelid lacking supraciliary tubercles; eye length less than snout length (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVAGM" xlink_title="eye length">EL</abbrev>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZAGM" xlink_title="snout length">SL</abbrev>
|
||||
0.75) and less than interorbital distance (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4AGM" xlink_title="eye length">EL</abbrev>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBBGM" xlink_title="interorbital distance">IOD</abbrev>
|
||||
0.77); pupils round; nostrils rounded, placed more towards the lateral sides of snout, located closer to tip of snout than to eye, relatively close to each other (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFBGM" xlink_title="internarial distance">IND</abbrev>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJBGM" xlink_title="interorbital distance">IOD</abbrev>
|
||||
0.63); supratympanic fold flat, tubercular; tympanum not visible (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="AC4BC496A5BBEBC2DEF67775A468E51C" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Holotype of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov. (ZISP 15284), adult male. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view; C. Head in a lateral view; D. Plantar view of left foot; E. Volar view of left hand. Photographs by V. A. Gorin." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196542">10 C</figureCitation>
|
||||
); dorsal surfaces of body and limbs with sparse tubercules, getting denser backwards; ventral surfaces of body and limbs almost smooth (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B972F6D01BDB71EE93DAD6095DBC7315" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Holotype of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov. (ZISP 15284), adult male. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view; C. Head in a lateral view; D. Plantar view of left foot; E. Volar view of left hand. Photographs by V. A. Gorin." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196542">10 A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Cloacal opening unmodified, directed posteriorly. Forelimbs relatively long, more than a half of hind limb length (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVBGM" xlink_title="forelimb length">FLL</abbrev>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZBGM" xlink_title="hindlimb length">HLL</abbrev>
|
||||
0.63); hand long, comprising more than a half of lower arm length (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4BGM" xlink_title="hand length">HAL</abbrev>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBCGM" xlink_title="lower arm and hand length">LAL</abbrev>
|
||||
0.6) and almost half of forelimb length (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFCGM" xlink_title="hand length">HAL</abbrev>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJCGM" xlink_title="forelimb length">FLL</abbrev>
|
||||
0.47); fingers rather robust, flattened in cross section; relative finger lengths: I <II <IV <III; no webbing between fingers; terminal digits flattened into very wide transversely expanded T-shaped disks (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="CB1AE1B8A8805856D506FB64658A5798" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Holotype of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov. (ZISP 15284), adult male. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view; C. Head in a lateral view; D. Plantar view of left foot; E. Volar view of left hand. Photographs by V. A. Gorin." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196542">10 E</figureCitation>
|
||||
); finger subarticular tubercles distinct, protuberant, large and round, finger subarticular formula: 1: 1: 2: 2; metacarpal tubercles three (Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation id="384134DF73543CDA040E700BF06EE2A7" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Morphological details of feet and hands in the three species of the Kaloula baleata species complex of eastern Indochina. A. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov.; B. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of K. indochinensis; C. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula discordia sp. nov. Scale bar equals 5 mm. Drawings by N. A. Poyarkov." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196541">9 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="AC48034510506AF5F0B60E090C01F846" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Holotype of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov. (ZISP 15284), adult male. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view; C. Head in a lateral view; D. Plantar view of left foot; E. Volar view of left hand. Photographs by V. A. Gorin." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196542">10 E</figureCitation>
|
||||
), inner metacarpal tubercle elongate, flattened; outer metacarpal tubercule oval, dilated, slightly bigger than inner (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZCGM" xlink_title="outer palmar tubercle length">OPTL</abbrev>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4CGM" xlink_title="inner palmar tubercle length">IPTL</abbrev>
|
||||
1.05), median metacarpal tubercle the smallest, oval-shaped, contacting both the inner and outer metacarpal tubercles (Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4EC76BC4B5A11662BF956A8FA907C877" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Morphological details of feet and hands in the three species of the Kaloula baleata species complex of eastern Indochina. A. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov.; B. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of K. indochinensis; C. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula discordia sp. nov. Scale bar equals 5 mm. Drawings by N. A. Poyarkov." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196541">9 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="C586059E6CFA9031D0ADEFDA5037048E" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Holotype of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov. (ZISP 15284), adult male. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view; C. Head in a lateral view; D. Plantar view of left foot; E. Volar view of left hand. Photographs by V. A. Gorin." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196542">10 E</figureCitation>
|
||||
); hindlimbs robust, relatively short, not much longer than body length (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJDGM" xlink_title="hindlimb length">HLL</abbrev>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENDGM" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
|
||||
1.12); relative toe lengths: I <II <V <III <IV; tarsal fold on inner surface of tarsus absent; tips of all toes widened, forming terminal oval-shaped disks (Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation id="8C7224E744FD86E1D6FE7387CBEA627C" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Morphological details of feet and hands in the three species of the Kaloula baleata species complex of eastern Indochina. A. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov.; B. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of K. indochinensis; C. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula discordia sp. nov. Scale bar equals 5 mm. Drawings by N. A. Poyarkov." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196541">9 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="77E7756B07F9531DD126B7CAF60624FF" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Holotype of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov. (ZISP 15284), adult male. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view; C. Head in a lateral view; D. Plantar view of left foot; E. Volar view of left hand. Photographs by V. A. Gorin." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196542">10 D</figureCitation>
|
||||
); all toe disks having dorso-terminal groves; the disk on toe IV the largest; toe webbing well developed between all toes, reaching disks at all toes except toe IV; webbing formula i 1.5-2 ii 1.5 - 2.5 iii 1.5 - 3 iv 3 - 2 v; toe subarticular tubercules distinct, rounded, protruding; toe subarticular formula: 1: 1: 2: 2: 2; two metatarsal tubercles, inner metatarsal tubercle elongated, oval, shovel-shaped; outer metatarsal tubercle smaller, rounded; three small supernumerary tubercles at the basis of toes I, III, IV (Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation id="F8BE65719B0354C4333A269F87320EC2" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Morphological details of feet and hands in the three species of the Kaloula baleata species complex of eastern Indochina. A. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov.; B. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of K. indochinensis; C. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula discordia sp. nov. Scale bar equals 5 mm. Drawings by N. A. Poyarkov." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196541">9 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="293D5760B9E6345971FF7AC5C9E7EFF3" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Holotype of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov. (ZISP 15284), adult male. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view; C. Head in a lateral view; D. Plantar view of left foot; E. Volar view of left hand. Photographs by V. A. Gorin." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196542">10 D</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="E616E11D0DB348DE78F156F668930DF5" ID-DOI="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure10" ID-arpha="A5DEE15D-7793-55C9-BE15-5198CD0E56BB" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196542" startId="F10">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2D3781A3E22AE2394D574EEBD0A71336">
|
||||
<label id="1172020CE88404837B631A116CF72FDE">Figure 10.</label>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="9FC30E1588740FDC3F25219B54C72418">
|
||||
Holotype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5C389CEBDE6EAB2470807DCC5E384A5E" authorityName="Poyarkov, Orlov, Gorin & Milto" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laosensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="67CD9917A4FBDA54288E532C7E05CEF5" italics="true">Kaloula laosensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="414107427DB24CD51968596E7D874817" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<named-content id="9A1AE36862120E55B0975F7ECFA5F671" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoological-institute-russian-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences">ZISP</named-content>
|
||||
15284), adult male.
|
||||
<emphasis id="7466873F9DD006FF3C94B5CEAB7E2B48" bold="true">A.</emphasis>
|
||||
Dorsal view;
|
||||
<emphasis id="1346553236008B8733605A057D06491C" bold="true">B.</emphasis>
|
||||
Ventral view;
|
||||
<emphasis id="3DE3BA22B775359915F91174170A4F7B" bold="true">C.</emphasis>
|
||||
Head in a lateral view;
|
||||
<emphasis id="A9157836344E4766AE4E07E08B7AE699" bold="true">D.</emphasis>
|
||||
Plantar view of left foot;
|
||||
<emphasis id="D9C73525CA0CDFFB836BFF516E75B267" bold="true">E.</emphasis>
|
||||
Volar view of left hand. Photographs by V. A. Gorin.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EHFGM" type="Coloration">
|
||||
<paragraph id="567BF908457B9E8C4F8AEF8FD26D03AE">
|
||||
<heading id="CEC3587AC075687DC55D1C7CC5FF45B9" reason="title">Coloration.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="730E347FBB3F23713AF99903DA72C05D">
|
||||
In life, dorsal surfaces of head and body dark brown with contrasting black spots and blotches; black interorbital bar between the upper eyelids; irregular black blotch on the snout; a series of black blotches forming a L-shaped chevron pattern in the scapular region; elongated black blotches on mid-dorsum, body flanks, and sacral area, forming a black pericloacal ring with irregular borders (Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation id="5C44615A93191B28B57CC6F9BC25F688" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Genealogical relationships of the genus Kaloula based on the analysis of mtDNA fragments, including 12 S rRNA, tRNAVal, and 16 S rRNA gene sequences. Numbers at tree nodes correspond to PP / UFB support values, respectively. Black circles correspond to well-supported (PP ≥ 0.95 or UFB ≥ 90) nodes. Numbers in bold following sample names correspond to localities in Fig. 1 and Table 1. The information on GenBank Accession Numbers, museum vouchers, and localities of origin for sequences used in this study is summarized in Table 1. The holotypes of Kaloula discordia sp. nov. and Kaloula laosensis sp. nov. are marked with asterisks (* H). Photographs by N. A. Poyarkov and N. L. Orlov." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196534">2</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="7C2C5A153D799553F55E2097A3EE1BC6" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Dorsolateral (A) and frontal (B) views of the holotype of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov. in situ (ZISP 15284, male). Photographs by N. L. Orlov." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196543">11</figureCitation>
|
||||
); dorsal surfaces of limbs grayish brown with dark-brown to black blotches; flanks of body and lateral sides of head grayish brown; on lateral sides of belly getting dark-brown with white spots and blotches; pale orange patches on the neck posterior to eyes; bright reddish-orange axillary patch edged with dark brown; bright reddish-orange inguinal patch edged with black; bright reddish-orange patch above cloaca in the center of dark pericloacal ring (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="CC51FB246F9127D07D575309EFF6325F" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Genealogical relationships of the genus Kaloula based on the analysis of mtDNA fragments, including 12 S rRNA, tRNAVal, and 16 S rRNA gene sequences. Numbers at tree nodes correspond to PP / UFB support values, respectively. Black circles correspond to well-supported (PP ≥ 0.95 or UFB ≥ 90) nodes. Numbers in bold following sample names correspond to localities in Fig. 1 and Table 1. The information on GenBank Accession Numbers, museum vouchers, and localities of origin for sequences used in this study is summarized in Table 1. The holotypes of Kaloula discordia sp. nov. and Kaloula laosensis sp. nov. are marked with asterisks (* H). Photographs by N. A. Poyarkov and N. L. Orlov." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196534">2</figureCitation>
|
||||
); small grayish-beige spots near tibiotarsal articulation; ventral surfaces of head and body gray, darker near the jaw; belly and ventral sides of limbs densely mottled with white spots and dots (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="894F1F131EED116BCC33D0E466F86CE6" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Holotype of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov. (ZISP 15284), adult male. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view; C. Head in a lateral view; D. Plantar view of left foot; E. Volar view of left hand. Photographs by V. A. Gorin." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196542">10</figureCitation>
|
||||
); iris chocolate brown with copper sparkles dorsally and ventrally (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4FCC83022E353B75DDA9D7F2A9A4D62D" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Dorsolateral (A) and frontal (B) views of the holotype of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov. in situ (ZISP 15284, male). Photographs by N. L. Orlov." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196543">11</figureCitation>
|
||||
). In preservation after 15 years of storage in ethanol, dorsal coloration faded to dark grayish-brown; dark markings on dorsum are well descernible; light patches became less pronounced and faded to yellowish or beige in color, though the coloration pattern generally remained unchanged (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="11B8881657C6257004183C0D41207177" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Holotype of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov. (ZISP 15284), adult male. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view; C. Head in a lateral view; D. Plantar view of left foot; E. Volar view of left hand. Photographs by V. A. Gorin." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196542">10</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="A59448863BF6CF5E0BF11B372C8D7F2C" ID-DOI="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure11" ID-arpha="38316260-8390-57ED-9647-BEC8B65A9BA0" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196543" startId="F11">
|
||||
<paragraph id="51D8CC88A58B33D64F90C1C12FFD6B13">
|
||||
<label id="12ABC79CF7B85F4D69376ADA734E736D">Figure 11.</label>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="31B94A63F952D1B9FEF351A4BA117BC4">
|
||||
Dorsolateral (
|
||||
<emphasis id="9CCBA8839151363C5629A9CB4AEE8B61" bold="true">A</emphasis>
|
||||
) and frontal (
|
||||
<emphasis id="DFDCFDB41D06E767E8D93C9A1E570C3A" bold="true">B</emphasis>
|
||||
) views of the holotype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="51DF2F6FFA4FC543B1A268DA9259DB73" authorityName="Poyarkov, Orlov, Gorin & Milto" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laosensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="676508F50C12E5E24742FF347B1BE4B5" italics="true">Kaloula laosensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="54ECEA3F4B41F038E45F4621A9165A0E" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
in situ (
|
||||
<named-content id="A7B405D32D222AC44046C3BCF902EC58" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoological-institute-russian-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences">ZISP</named-content>
|
||||
15284, male). Photographs by N. L. Orlov.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFHGM" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D5EF6BB6A24F891F6B1BC38567970CBA">
|
||||
<heading id="BF58DA38DA5A1834934A0582B2CEA8E3" reason="title">
|
||||
Measurements of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="98B939C2B9EF5478F47E36262164AEE4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7AB4C00FA0F81048809FC31B5A4E07EC">
|
||||
<emphasis id="FD3A9A17B34DDB506787AED0A9130EC3" bold="true">(in mm)</emphasis>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENHGM" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
|
||||
44.0;
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERHGM" xlink_title="head length">HL</abbrev>
|
||||
10.6;
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVHGM" xlink_title="head width">HW</abbrev>
|
||||
12.6;
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZHGM" xlink_title="snout length">SL</abbrev>
|
||||
4.6;
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4HGM" xlink_title="eye length">EL</abbrev>
|
||||
3.3;
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBIGM" xlink_title="nostril-eye length">N-EL</abbrev>
|
||||
3.2;
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFIGM" xlink_title="internarial distance">IND</abbrev>
|
||||
2.7;
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJIGM" xlink_title="interorbital distance">IOD</abbrev>
|
||||
4.3;
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENIGM" xlink_title="upper eyelid width">UEW</abbrev>
|
||||
2.4;
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERIGM" xlink_title="forelimb length">FLL</abbrev>
|
||||
27.6;
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVIGM" xlink_title="lower arm and hand length">LAL</abbrev>
|
||||
21.7;
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZIGM" xlink_title="hand length">HAL</abbrev>
|
||||
13.0;
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4IGM" xlink_title="hindlimb length">HLL</abbrev>
|
||||
49.3;
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBJGM" xlink_title="tibia length">TL</abbrev>
|
||||
37.0;
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFJGM" xlink_title="foot length">FL</abbrev>
|
||||
25.4;
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJJGM" xlink_title="inner palmar tubercle length">IPTL</abbrev>
|
||||
2.7;
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENJGM" xlink_title="outer palmar tubercle length">OPTL</abbrev>
|
||||
2.8;
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERJGM" xlink_title="first finger length">1 FL</abbrev>
|
||||
7.5;
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVJGM" xlink_title="first toe length">1 TOEL</abbrev>
|
||||
7.3;
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZJGM" xlink_title="outer metatarsal tubercle length">OMTL</abbrev>
|
||||
2.0;
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4JGM" xlink_title="third finger disk diameter">3 FDD</abbrev>
|
||||
3.4;
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBKGM" xlink_title="fourth toe disk diameter">4 TDD</abbrev>
|
||||
2.2.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFKGM" type="variation">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5567E76963F047503D0B747513C3F3CC">
|
||||
<heading id="A3554ED3722574B0E62F4A72FB310E90" reason="title">Variation.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="9417D3B9A4BEF649DF968A69117D69E1">
|
||||
Morphometric variation of the type series is presented in Table
|
||||
<tableCitation id="D56C01D45655D5D3464CBE3943B3F479" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="T4" captionText="Table 4. Measurements (in mm) of specimens of Kaloula discordia sp. nov., Kaloula laosensis sp. nov., and K. indochinensis. For character abbreviations, see the Materials and methods section. Abbreviations: F – adult female; M – adult male; SF – subadult female; SM – subadult male." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6A19FC49F1B9EC14302CDA6DAA7C5B57" tableUuid="6A19FC49F1B9EC14302CDA6DAA7C5B57">4</tableCitation>
|
||||
. A dorsal view of a female
|
||||
<typeStatus id="B561DC519382E3E44FC46350923B9DB8" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimen is presented in Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B85B2DC2A5450ADBDE49DF7CF884EDAF" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Dorsal coloration in a single paratype of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov. (ZMMU - A- 8144, female) Scale bar equals 5 cm. Photograph by V. A. Gorin." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196544">12</figureCitation>
|
||||
. In general, the female
|
||||
<typeStatus id="C02DBAE6ADB5A86ACB7D687658B277BE" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimen agrees well with the description of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="FA9ACACA150D3A29F0A1CD781D82B0B0" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
, diverging only in body size, which is larger than in the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="903D6E443F196C40A600A52584A15338" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETKGM" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
|
||||
<quantity id="D1DB46A73B1E5F466F97C21AD2373F01" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4799999999999995" unit="mm" value="54.8">54.8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
). Female
|
||||
<typeStatus id="8232D856E4A840CC38CAF73D510F5F5D" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||||
<named-content id="AE613DE1B857A87E0603DAF24CA37724" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoological-museum-moscow-lomonosov-state-university" xlink_title="Zoological Museum of Lomonosov Moscow State University">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="02C914ADD97A095A4A501485BC28AAD7" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
</named-content>
|
||||
- A- 8144 has comparatively fewer dark markings on the dorsum (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FCAB989B9F85C1F39D4786D0635E1221" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Dorsal coloration in a single paratype of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov. (ZMMU - A- 8144, female) Scale bar equals 5 cm. Photograph by V. A. Gorin." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196544">12</figureCitation>
|
||||
), but generally, the coloration pattern is similar to that of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="A79616AF3ACE686FDBF3805F6E070CCE" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4767E21CCD90B88A270480CB184FEA57" author="Holden J" firstAuthor="Holden" page="148" refId="B28" refString="Holden J (2023) Amphibians of Cambodia. A Field Guide, Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt." year="2023">Holden (2023: 148</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, fig. 152) published a photo of the new species from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="CB90D4206B2E1F60F7C9558A0640A058" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||||
as ‘
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="46D72B2C8F468F4F61996E9FCD1DCD08" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="indochinensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DA822518DC19B0A00A942A4E505ABDBE" italics="true">K. indochinensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, ’ which has bright-red axillary, inguinal, and pericloacal patches and lighter grayish-brown dorsal coloration.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="6DD1C8D4DC9E7FFC156CD72381CADA70" ID-DOI="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure12" ID-arpha="349B7F56-EA47-54F7-B6B0-623D2ADF91A5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196544" startId="F12">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2CB69CCF55BF15CFFB88FAE835D86A4">
|
||||
<label id="36AD5ED398B175FB21565505F19FFA23">Figure 12.</label>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B6A2B6CF80C8D1BCB31EC231FBBD0B22">
|
||||
Dorsal coloration in a single paratype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9707CA06ADA0717E6D3501C612348EAA" authorityName="Poyarkov, Orlov, Gorin & Milto" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laosensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="528CBD514AD708ABDAF845C6B37844A0" italics="true">Kaloula laosensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C1CAEFD000432502B3B706A7D6CAEFC4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<named-content id="072BCB273F59C2A3D29523D96148AA2A" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoological-museum-moscow-lomonosov-state-university" xlink_title="Zoological Museum of Lomonosov Moscow State University">ZMMU</named-content>
|
||||
- A- 8144, female) Scale bar equals 5 cm. Photograph by V. A. Gorin.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EKMGM" type="Tadpole morphology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A7B9871E8D3CFD6B3DA802EC8700A893">
|
||||
<heading id="CB505C0BAB7F27C8053347D27DDF8169" reason="title">Tadpole morphology.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C1D3B0E7A69D0B6B055B0D02C25A8F89">
|
||||
Currently, data on the larval morphology of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="28663E5F07378A33C5201D91A4B81C3B" authorityName="Poyarkov, Orlov, Gorin & Milto" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laosensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0BF44808DD19107AE241E5297F3F6F3F" italics="true">Kaloula laosensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="39880E9128AAD37894A24BD82F0843C0" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
are lacking.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2MGM" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="41F617B2C6F1A6FB31A0F7A84CFA55BA">
|
||||
<heading id="30C3A5595B9FAA8F34B1748067186578" reason="title">Distribution and natural history.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2D8E8A87355F8A00BB20D4DAC6BACF67">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A4959D0A13B25530692825AAE91C3A5A" authorityName="Poyarkov, Orlov, Gorin & Milto" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laosensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D1F4995E2D927B42B7F5CEC77702AA5E" italics="true">Kaloula laosensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B65E85647A5460E433E6803748A4CEC6" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
is currently reliably known only from two localities in the
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="DEC733013E52CE12AE9BD06A9E651408" country="Laos" name="Khammouan">Khammouane Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="E5687013062DD645FEF475EEFD4B1F02" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||||
; the distribution of the new species is shown in Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="0EA9CFC4945A90425D782289CC5FEFA5" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of the Kaloula baleata species complex members in Indochina. Dots within symbols denote type localities. Symbol colors correspond to mitochondrial DNA lineages (Figs 1, 2. Note that the tentative assignment of the populations that were not sequenced is based on geographic proximity and / or examination of morphological or photographic data from these populations). Symbol numbers correspond to locality numbers given in Appendix 1." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196537">5</figureCitation>
|
||||
, and the locality information is detailed in Appendix
|
||||
<xref id="17B2A8176D997067FFC900322226F89F" ref-type="app" rid="app1">1</xref>
|
||||
. In Nakai-Nam Theun NP and in Hin Nam No NP,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="E549E0217BBE967E26C08FF468BF2014" country="Laos" name="Khammouan">Khammouane Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="A64D1E7AB6361A600AFFCA76C1BBADB9" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, the new species was recorded from limestone evergreen tropical forests at relatively low elevations of ca.
|
||||
<quantity id="EC3784BFD994D3A240B8011C3D5FF9A6" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="m" value="200.0" valueMax="300.0" valueMin="100.0">100–300 m</quantity>
|
||||
asl. The data on the natural history of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="01C168C5CCE15446D7AAC46E8217A83D" authorityName="Poyarkov, Orlov, Gorin & Milto" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laosensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0B27B48E3894B81B66B4E992DF064F69" italics="true">Kaloula laosensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="062C67E404DBD45660A9D010B4BA7E02" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
is scarce; it inhabits primarily lowland forests and is quite secretive, emerging only after heavy rains from June to September, when depressions in the forest floor are flooded and form temporary pools. The new species is likely associated with limestone karst landscapes of central
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="734FF37F0B3A3FA22E2D995E528F701D" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||||
; the actual distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A53F7ABE06A72F49A7942171A494D871" authorityName="Poyarkov, Orlov, Gorin & Milto" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laosensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4B6A23004A455E10E463E55A26D3895F" italics="true">Kaloula laosensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C2647D5BB9E917135DEAD1610E920E2D" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
is unknown, but we suppose that this species is likely to occur in adjacent provinces of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="6AAFD72DDFA7620913F7F8350DF3BE7D" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="3A8C64E6B26B10A0573386D32D281D62" country="Vietnam" name="Ha Tinh">Ha Tinh</collectingRegion>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="ED8313CA19E79FC79E3EB55583117EC7" country="Vietnam" name="Quang Binh">Quang Binh</collectingRegion>
|
||||
), which harbor limestone forests similar in composition. Details about the new species’ reproductive biology and diet are unknown.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EKOGM" type="comparisons">
|
||||
<paragraph id="554285C9D3363D0210FE8C1493EDE17F">
|
||||
<heading id="0BAEEAAD478558E1C94423053A0D6C2F" reason="title">Comparisons.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E828351C39392BA2FD45045851DFBD9B">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C0CD62E5AAFC937C46B46B83630D67FC" authorityName="Poyarkov, Orlov, Gorin & Milto" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laosensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9FBA639FE816D848841A95DF2501B93A" italics="true">Kaloula laosensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F47464211A0146B58983B24D611702F0" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
most closely resembles other members of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="457B953DD815430C891DC61E46C612AA" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baleata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DD89D2DAEBA72CC28CF6C0D9CFBF3D96" italics="true">K. baleata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species complex in overall morphology, and comparison with these species appears to be the most pertinent. Most specifically, the new species superficially resembles
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E3C8F2A2B762C7E6C7EFCDC1EA94E1E4" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="indochinensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9C7D650FDD7F25310290B55D79DCD1B" italics="true">K. indochinensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, with which it was previously confused. From
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0787BD0BC9600EF812660BE9533567FA" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="indochinensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5EFB77C4EA605672F5B66743BC7C4CDC" italics="true">K. indochinensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="52FD12D83B1D0899C919F489289A0D90" authorityName="Poyarkov, Orlov, Gorin & Milto" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laosensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="025FCD03B9E6AAF1357C511BE05D4CF2" italics="true">Kaloula laosensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A71E0FD739B79C46C93C1EC615334741" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
can be distinguished by having relatively longer head in males (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHQGM" xlink_title="head length">HL</abbrev>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELQGM" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
|
||||
0.24 [n = 1] by our data or mean 0.25 ± 0.1 [n = 4] reported by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F91099D96FBFF311F29E181751309EE6" DOI="10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" author="Chan" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chan" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Herpetologica" pagination="329-341" refId="B5" refString="Chan KO, Blackburn DC, Murphy RW, Stuart BL, Emmett DA, Ho CT, Brown RM (2013) A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina. Herpetologica 69 (3): 329–341. https://doi.org/10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" title="A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina." volume="69" year="2013">Chan et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) vs. mean 0.23 ± 0.1 [n = 18] by our data or [n = 25] reported by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F5FD40E34D6BB7B0A057EE220D4D5162" DOI="10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" author="Chan" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chan" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Herpetologica" pagination="329-341" refId="B5" refString="Chan KO, Blackburn DC, Murphy RW, Stuart BL, Emmett DA, Ho CT, Brown RM (2013) A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina. Herpetologica 69 (3): 329–341. https://doi.org/10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" title="A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina." volume="69" year="2013">Chan et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); relatively wider disk of finger III in males (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXQGM" xlink_title="third finger disk diameter">3 FDD</abbrev>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2QGM" xlink_title="hand length">HAL</abbrev>
|
||||
0.26 ± 0.1 [n = 1] vs. mean 0.23 ± 0.1 [n = 18]); relatively longer first toe in males (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6QGM" xlink_title="first toe length">1 TOEL</abbrev>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDRGM" xlink_title="foot length">FL</abbrev>
|
||||
0.29 ± 0.1 [n = 1] vs. mean 0.26 ± 0.1 [n = 18]); by having three metacarpal tubercles with median metacarpal tubercle touching both the inner and outer metacarpal tubercles, see Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="23B9E7A237407AD034F6105AE0A511B6" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Morphological details of feet and hands in the three species of the Kaloula baleata species complex of eastern Indochina. A. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov.; B. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of K. indochinensis; C. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula discordia sp. nov. Scale bar equals 5 mm. Drawings by N. A. Poyarkov." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196541">9 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
(vs. median metacarpal tubercle small, not touching the inner metacarpal tubercle, see Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="8736AE38E8E112AC2ED68F3C87C0C9E7" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Morphological details of feet and hands in the three species of the Kaloula baleata species complex of eastern Indochina. A. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov.; B. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of K. indochinensis; C. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula discordia sp. nov. Scale bar equals 5 mm. Drawings by N. A. Poyarkov." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196541">9 B</figureCitation>
|
||||
); by having two subarticular tubercles on toe IV, see Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E216B5845F70F2052990ACA7A82F8F4D" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Morphological details of feet and hands in the three species of the Kaloula baleata species complex of eastern Indochina. A. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov.; B. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of K. indochinensis; C. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula discordia sp. nov. Scale bar equals 5 mm. Drawings by N. A. Poyarkov." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196541">9 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
(vs. three well-developed subarticular tubercles, see Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1CA82BA92C428E3DA57B6F9545C9A1BE" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Morphological details of feet and hands in the three species of the Kaloula baleata species complex of eastern Indochina. A. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov.; B. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of K. indochinensis; C. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula discordia sp. nov. Scale bar equals 5 mm. Drawings by N. A. Poyarkov." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196541">9 B</figureCitation>
|
||||
); by having supranumerary tubercles at the basis of toes I, III, and IV, see Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="76D799DF29B811F49599CE08F03755F5" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Morphological details of feet and hands in the three species of the Kaloula baleata species complex of eastern Indochina. A. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov.; B. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of K. indochinensis; C. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula discordia sp. nov. Scale bar equals 5 mm. Drawings by N. A. Poyarkov." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196541">9 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
(vs. supranumerary tubercles absent, see Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="6EEB08A4F3BB3945A5F13DE61A8BB316" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Morphological details of feet and hands in the three species of the Kaloula baleata species complex of eastern Indochina. A. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov.; B. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of K. indochinensis; C. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula discordia sp. nov. Scale bar equals 5 mm. Drawings by N. A. Poyarkov." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196541">9 B</figureCitation>
|
||||
); by the presence of numerous contrasting black markings on dorsum (vs. absent or indistinct); and brownish dorsal coloration (vs. chocolate to dark grayish-brown).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="FEA7E8C18499E3CD859B746E6330FA98">
|
||||
From
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D5C5011FCCFAE184FD905953B8A0950D" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baleata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6081C8E8A31E26452AD96ED26D604F7F" italics="true">K. baleata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="06B8B775A3E0DE7E3833ADCD805730FE" authorityName="Poyarkov, Orlov, Gorin & Milto" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laosensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="30E2912600FF2792E3ADA5304385DB7B" italics="true">Kaloula laosensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2C2828A01F47EE835F0240B7B65A1D5B" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
can be distinguished by having a relatively larger distance between nares in males (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXSGM" xlink_title="internarial distance">IND</abbrev>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2SGM" xlink_title="head width">HW</abbrev>
|
||||
0.21 [n = 1] by our data or [n = 6] reported by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="13BDE5F1240106785477501F0CC5A018" DOI="10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" author="Chan KO & Blackburn DC & Murphy RW & Stuart BL & Emmett DA & Ho CT & Brown RM" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chan" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Herpetologica" pagination="329-341" refId="B5" refString="Chan KO, Blackburn DC, Murphy RW, Stuart BL, Emmett DA, Ho CT, Brown RM (2013) A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina. Herpetologica 69 (3): 329–341. https://doi.org/10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" title="A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina." volume="69" year="2013">Chan et al. (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
vs. 0.18 ± 0.1 [n = 10] reported by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F816351819B6B20597A79DD8DB58595E" DOI="10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" author="Chan KO & Blackburn DC & Murphy RW & Stuart BL & Emmett DA & Ho CT & Brown RM" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chan" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Herpetologica" pagination="329-341" refId="B5" refString="Chan KO, Blackburn DC, Murphy RW, Stuart BL, Emmett DA, Ho CT, Brown RM (2013) A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina. Herpetologica 69 (3): 329–341. https://doi.org/10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" title="A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina." volume="69" year="2013">Chan et al. (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); wider finger III disks in males (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHTGM" xlink_title="third finger disk diameter">3 FDD</abbrev>
|
||||
3.4 ±
|
||||
<quantity id="F21BE5E91D36F6444642FCAD58ABD781" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
[n = 1] by our data) or mean 3.1 ±
|
||||
<quantity id="9D0ABA18A98A25CE47F39B2731931716" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
[n = 6] reported by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="934D1151F86A9C7D95A896FB4B72BF73" DOI="10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" author="Chan KO & Blackburn DC & Murphy RW & Stuart BL & Emmett DA & Ho CT & Brown RM" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chan" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Herpetologica" pagination="329-341" refId="B5" refString="Chan KO, Blackburn DC, Murphy RW, Stuart BL, Emmett DA, Ho CT, Brown RM (2013) A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina. Herpetologica 69 (3): 329–341. https://doi.org/10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" title="A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina." volume="69" year="2013">Chan et al. (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
vs. 1.7 ±
|
||||
<quantity id="EFD21C0B0283621AE4B4A2FC6E85C444" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
[n = 10] reported by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="CE7611F2B02A0CB723AA1444B2CFCE4D" DOI="10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" author="Chan KO & Blackburn DC & Murphy RW & Stuart BL & Emmett DA & Ho CT & Brown RM" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chan" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Herpetologica" pagination="329-341" refId="B5" refString="Chan KO, Blackburn DC, Murphy RW, Stuart BL, Emmett DA, Ho CT, Brown RM (2013) A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina. Herpetologica 69 (3): 329–341. https://doi.org/10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" title="A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina." volume="69" year="2013">Chan et al. (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); by having two subarticular tubercles on toe IV, see Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="594831D4E425F1EA462330C13F6723B8" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Morphological details of feet and hands in the three species of the Kaloula baleata species complex of eastern Indochina. A. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov.; B. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of K. indochinensis; C. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula discordia sp. nov. Scale bar equals 5 mm. Drawings by N. A. Poyarkov." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196541">9 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
(vs. three well-developed tubercles); and by having supranumerary tubercles at the basis of toes I, III, and IV, see Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="250E5BFE90F75E73C089A3942BDDEF23" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Morphological details of feet and hands in the three species of the Kaloula baleata species complex of eastern Indochina. A. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov.; B. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of K. indochinensis; C. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula discordia sp. nov. Scale bar equals 5 mm. Drawings by N. A. Poyarkov." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196541">9 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
(vs. supranumerary tubercles absent).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="9EE860ECA8A514EE18A4C3EFE3EA9EAC">
|
||||
From
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="69970B881E9D5BCC7697337C7447972F" authorityName="Chan, Grismer & Brown" authorityYear="2014" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latidisca">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3D3BCC08A6DFC841008977FE01C008D6" italics="true">K. latidisca</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7F8424D8152F95956100D0A05C03C5AF" authorityName="Poyarkov, Orlov, Gorin & Milto" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laosensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9B6146969EC4C9E98ABEC3A77867EDF7" italics="true">Kaloula laosensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DF9E937A15DA98C7BA4D90DE4353E77" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
can be distinguished by having relatively shorter heads in males (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETUGM" xlink_title="head length">HL</abbrev>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXUGM" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
|
||||
0.24 [n = 1] by our data or mean 0.25 ± 0.1 [n = 4] reported by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="7A069122FFBFBD2BE1BDEBEA9924AEDA" DOI="10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" author="Chan KO & Blackburn DC & Murphy RW & Stuart BL & Emmett DA & Ho CT & Brown RM" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chan" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Herpetologica" pagination="329-341" refId="B5" refString="Chan KO, Blackburn DC, Murphy RW, Stuart BL, Emmett DA, Ho CT, Brown RM (2013) A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina. Herpetologica 69 (3): 329–341. https://doi.org/10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" title="A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina." volume="69" year="2013">Chan et al. (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
vs. mean 0.27 ± 0.1 [n = 4] reported by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D4E9ADE948485026CF76DFB6AF95EF19" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3900.4.7" author="Chan KO & Grismer LL & Brown RM" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chan" issue="4" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="569-580" refId="B6" refString="Chan KO, Grismer LL, Brown RM (2014) Reappraisal of the Javanese Bullfrog complex, Kaloula baleata (Müller, 1836) (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae), reveals a new species from Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa 3900 (4): 569–580. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3900.4.7" title="Reappraisal of the Javanese Bullfrog complex, Kaloula baleata (Müller, 1836) (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae), reveals a new species from Peninsular Malaysia." volume="3900" year="2014">Chan et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); relatively smaller distance between eyes in males (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDVGM" xlink_title="interorbital distance">IOD</abbrev>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHVGM" xlink_title="head width">HW</abbrev>
|
||||
0.34 [n = 1] by our data or mean 0.33 ± 0.1 [n = 6] reported by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="81691B9AEB957BD43913B89446C65625" DOI="10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" author="Chan KO & Blackburn DC & Murphy RW & Stuart BL & Emmett DA & Ho CT & Brown RM" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chan" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Herpetologica" pagination="329-341" refId="B5" refString="Chan KO, Blackburn DC, Murphy RW, Stuart BL, Emmett DA, Ho CT, Brown RM (2013) A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina. Herpetologica 69 (3): 329–341. https://doi.org/10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" title="A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina." volume="69" year="2013">Chan et al. (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
vs. mean 0.30 ± 0.1 [n = 4] reported by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="774C7D46AC404722F5D32AC7C97886C8" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3900.4.7" author="Chan KO & Grismer LL & Brown RM" issue="4" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="569-580" refId="B6" refString="Chan KO, Grismer LL, Brown RM (2014) Reappraisal of the Javanese Bullfrog complex, Kaloula baleata (Müller, 1836) (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae), reveals a new species from Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa 3900 (4): 569–580. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3900.4.7" title="Reappraisal of the Javanese Bullfrog complex, Kaloula baleata (Müller, 1836) (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae), reveals a new species from Peninsular Malaysia." volume="3900" year="2014">Chan et al. (( 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); by the presence of numerous black markings on the dorsum (vs. black markings on dorsum absent or few); and by having two subarticular tubercles on toe IV (vs. three well-developed tubercles).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B908BC65A80644BB1B5699EB2AAE8B37">
|
||||
From
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F6469B9860D312728C575A19ACA51AA3" authorityName="Poyarkov, Gorin, Bragin & Nguyen" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="discordia" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F57D167D11C73006171DBB99DB500B82" italics="true">Kaloula discordia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5960A43D7A8C9E30DAD90C6B65096CA9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
(described above), the new species can be distinguished by having a relatively longer head in males (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAWGM" xlink_title="head length">HL</abbrev>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEWGM" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
|
||||
0.24 [n = 1] by our data or mean 0.25 ± 0.2 [n = 6] reported by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5D7B20FC5D3D740EBA397C5D8AA8ACC1" DOI="10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" author="Chan KO & Blackburn DC & Murphy RW & Stuart BL & Emmett DA & Ho CT & Brown RM" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chan" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Herpetologica" pagination="329-341" refId="B5" refString="Chan KO, Blackburn DC, Murphy RW, Stuart BL, Emmett DA, Ho CT, Brown RM (2013) A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina. Herpetologica 69 (3): 329–341. https://doi.org/10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" title="A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina." volume="69" year="2013">Chan et al. (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
vs. mean 0.22 ± 0.2 [n = 14]); relatively shorter snout in males (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMWGM" xlink_title="snout length">SL</abbrev>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQWGM" xlink_title="head length">HL</abbrev>
|
||||
0.43 [n = 1] by our data or mean 0.40 ± 0.1 [n = 6] reported by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D149C6350E78D430EBA4A8563091AF3F" DOI="10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" author="Chan KO & Blackburn DC & Murphy RW & Stuart BL & Emmett DA & Ho CT & Brown RM" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chan" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Herpetologica" pagination="329-341" refId="B5" refString="Chan KO, Blackburn DC, Murphy RW, Stuart BL, Emmett DA, Ho CT, Brown RM (2013) A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina. Herpetologica 69 (3): 329–341. https://doi.org/10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" title="A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina." volume="69" year="2013">Chan et al. (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
vs. mean 0.47 ± 0.1 [n = 14]); relatively narrower head in males (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYWGM" xlink_title="head width">HW</abbrev>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3WGM" xlink_title="head length">HL</abbrev>
|
||||
1.19 [n = 1] vs. mean 1.31 ± 0.2 [n = 14]); wider finger III disks (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAXGM" xlink_title="third finger disk diameter">3 FDD</abbrev>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEXGM" xlink_title="hand length">HAL</abbrev>
|
||||
0.26 [n = 1] vs. mean 0.23 ± 0.10 [n = 14]); shorter toe I (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIXGM" xlink_title="first toe length">1 TOEL</abbrev>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMXGM" xlink_title="foot length">FL</abbrev>
|
||||
0.29 [n = 1] vs. mean 0.25 ± 0.1 [n = 14]); by having three metacarpal tubercles, see Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="63444BE7436274BF920CC63C2F387B8E" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Morphological details of feet and hands in the three species of the Kaloula baleata species complex of eastern Indochina. A. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov.; B. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of K. indochinensis; C. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula discordia sp. nov. Scale bar equals 5 mm. Drawings by N. A. Poyarkov." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196541">9 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
(vs. two metacarpal tubercles, see Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="42A07AAAFD65EB8FBECB44AB5383A12A" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Morphological details of feet and hands in the three species of the Kaloula baleata species complex of eastern Indochina. A. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov.; B. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of K. indochinensis; C. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula discordia sp. nov. Scale bar equals 5 mm. Drawings by N. A. Poyarkov." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196541">9 C</figureCitation>
|
||||
); by having supranumerary tubercles at the basis of toes I, III, and IV, see Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="9533399EF70158CB968C11C720A4CEC8" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Morphological details of feet and hands in the three species of the Kaloula baleata species complex of eastern Indochina. A. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov.; B. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of K. indochinensis; C. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula discordia sp. nov. Scale bar equals 5 mm. Drawings by N. A. Poyarkov." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196541">9 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
(vs. supranumerary tubercles absent, see Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4314A8E659BAD70B5F8DED713468EE1A" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Morphological details of feet and hands in the three species of the Kaloula baleata species complex of eastern Indochina. A. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula laosensis sp. nov.; B. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of K. indochinensis; C. Volar view of the left hand and plantar view of the right foot of Kaloula discordia sp. nov. Scale bar equals 5 mm. Drawings by N. A. Poyarkov." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196541">9 C</figureCitation>
|
||||
); by the brown coloration of the dorsum (vs. olive); and by the presence of numerous black markings on the dorsum (vs. black markings on dorsum absent or few).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="86FF8AADF9E422F2CFAE7843374E3CE7">
|
||||
Furthermore,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0904A1ED691CAB870C5A7669FBA8394F" authorityName="Poyarkov, Orlov, Gorin & Milto" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laosensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="656374196EB52D053A8C07C230A24B18" italics="true">Kaloula laosensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2D8816E784DD41423C31DCD0BFAD51E" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CF7FE495BBD92EFFDB97317FD953FCA" authorityName="Nutphand" authorityYear="1989" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aureata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="26B5289CBAEE4AF3736E23C92FFDC97E" italics="true">K. aureata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having a brownish dorsum with no reticulations (vs. golden dorsum with dark brown reticulations); from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CA63DB4DC8B630250AD5309BCCE3F8E" baseAuthorityName="Barbour" baseAuthorityYear="1908" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EEFAD033BD2D5F7A07422E086F8FDD25" italics="true">K. borealis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having wide finger disks (vs. finger tips dilated but not forming wide disks); by the absence of yellowish blotches on flanks (vs. present); an by brownish dorsal coloration (vs. gray-brown).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1DAA6757835AB64B5E1D4AC21B55406D" authorityName="Poyarkov, Orlov, Gorin & Milto" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laosensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6C6B1A204688EFDCA92EE6063EBBF6B9" italics="true">Kaloula laosensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="EE0960E50D3EFC4D38DDF61F2A794A49" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
further differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="18374F07AB22D795F5E80A2F5422BE2B" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="conjuncta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C80BA424FE81B9157D8F52C6EBA2E385" italics="true">K. conjuncta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the stratified coloration on flanks absent (vs. present); by having distinct outer metatarsal tubercle (vs. weak or indistinct); from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B71236354EF8C29614CE39FB4EBEE417" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ghoshi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B2ADE5B1526A2C39BFB385498A7382BF" italics="true">K. ghoshi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the presence of axillary and inguinal spots (vs. axillary and inguinal spots absent); by tuberculated dorsum and venter (vs. smooth or with small flat granules dorsally); by brownish dorsal coloration (vs. orange-brown). The new species differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="82D27A0EF266B7A688C0C7F3D9EF6734" authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1922" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kalingensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6B8E29B54B9CFEB2979D8C05102B9526" italics="true">K. kalingensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in that it has tubercles on the dorsum (vs. dorsum smooth), a distinct outer metatarsal tubercle (vs. indistinct), and yellow or orange axillary and inguinal spots (vs. usually absent or small and red if present).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A259D6F8FDF2775AF9A55B017D471798" authorityName="Poyarkov, Orlov, Gorin & Milto" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laosensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="FD7EF807B830DBEC8A4E64608F3D6AE5" italics="true">Kaloula laosensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="91E31513A6C4950870C69AE3D214F625" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
further differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DD28ED3500877F93CC2B742AE3A70B8B" authorityName="Ross & Gonzales" authorityYear="1992" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kokacii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="63420C3C7879258AC384BA155B6D1A7F" italics="true">K. kokacii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the presence of dorsal tubercles, axillary and inguinal spots, and a light pericloacal ring (vs. absent). The new species differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2A4304486E175BEDF5A7205471AE5EA1" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1917" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mediolineata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CBF4BAB1B5F5C1E894228AB0DD13A7D5" italics="true">K. mediolineata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by dorsolateral stripes and sacral stripe absent (vs. present); by having enlarged, wide finger disks (vs. finger tips slightly dilated but not forming wide disks); from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="72A8F22EBCEB865672B4B9249C516A4C" authorityName="Mo, Zhang, Zhou, Chen, Tang, Meng & Chen" authorityYear="2013" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nonggangensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C2EA9A33AB6584E3AB501F0A41F9F185" italics="true">K. nonggangensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by protuberant tubercles on the upper surface of finger tips absent (vs. present); from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F78E5DF9B0562931AB2990FFB09BCE08" baseAuthorityName="Dumeril & Bibron" baseAuthorityYear="1841" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="picta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B88DC18D2356DD35D816BFF04798BB35" italics="true">K. picta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the absence of dorsolateral stripes and stratified coloration on flanks (vs. present); by having enlarged, wide finger disks (vs. finger tips slightly dilated but not forming wide disks). The new species can be readily diagnosed from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E17DC2781816A74D488796C6515F96F8" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1831" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulchra">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C4B4B14DFD1020EC669D00C5AF3E86CA" italics="true">K. pulchra</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the absence of dorsolateral stripes (vs. present) and by having axillary and inguinal spots (vs. absent).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C2CB9723F1795A39B73048507B46C230" authorityName="Poyarkov, Orlov, Gorin & Milto" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laosensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F969E4415CFC6882BBCA762ECCED988A" italics="true">Kaloula laosensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D2EB0A0F5DD7835A3E7932DF3EA1BAA4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
further differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C0A598BEDD93A77616C37C68CA1C33FF" authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1922" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rigida">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6C8D5493BE2737D37C6C06CF0FBF9547" italics="true">K. rigida</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having enlarged, wide finger disks (vs. finger tips slightly dilated but not forming wide disks), by the absence of dorsolateral stripes and stratified coloration on flanks (vs. present), and by having axillary and inguinal light spots (vs. absent). The new species differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="05553FB2DF024CC9721346D90FC3C5B9" authorityName="Stejneger" authorityYear="1924" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rugifera">
|
||||
<emphasis id="14645390A8552F61C0361626B4FC6000" italics="true">K. rugifera</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having enlarged, wide finger disks (vs. slightly dilated small finger disks) and by having axillary and inguinal spots (vs. absent) and is further different from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FCC03962951EF0A5C75BD7A8763A4066" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1904" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verrucosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="417CE5D8C681257920A059E873F0426E" italics="true">K. verrucosa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having very wide finger disks (vs. small finger disks) and by having axillary and inguinal spots (vs. absent). The new species differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="84DE19056DE6EACC6187FBA5584B1E04" authorityName="Diesmos, Brown & Alcala" authorityYear="2002" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="walteri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E6C4328E312D78FA79323DF3D984AB8B" italics="true">K. walteri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having very wide finger disks (vs. slightly dilated small finger disks), by the absence of stratified coloration on flanks (vs. presence), by having axillary and inguinal light spots (vs. absent), and by having a distinct outer metatarsal tubercle (vs. indistinct or absent). Except for
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0191410EC6EE166F7D3904207D4CD229" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1831" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulchra">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75EC7DD80EE9FF34FDED72C39B012CBD" italics="true">K. pulchra</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which can be found in central
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="E434DA9A4904E96E99EC811A2C09516A" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||||
in syntopy with the new species,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BCB671CF460F8D2D83CA1E7CB76903ED" authorityName="Poyarkov, Orlov, Gorin & Milto" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laosensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EB91F8DBC67FB1431119C5C7DBEC4DDE" italics="true">Kaloula laosensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F16907A2D3A0C74DA39287E7A9D101BB" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
is geographically separated from most of its relatives.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0E55GM" type="Acoustic data">
|
||||
<paragraph id="10AEAE98DB63BB263DB50C1807269888">
|
||||
<heading id="DEA8BF4E90C0F9F24C21DA93FB47B206" reason="title">Acoustic data.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="AA3567D06B9FBBBDA7CC25D5EC8C1E51">
|
||||
The male advertisement call of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="155D9808C30F643146FB0E39321117A3" authorityName="Poyarkov, Orlov, Gorin & Milto" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laosensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7393A31387871D235AC9E3BC3370C629" italics="true">Kaloula laosensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9EAEFB834B27FAA4B0F2C72DCC234B20" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
has not been recorded, and the bioacoustic data on this species is absent.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EP6GM" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="4D656DBBA79B58F41FA9A64255BF8F63">
|
||||
<heading id="7A6EFA972F8BC06314466D01CC4A658C" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4112923D6B02C0118A910883D610E472">
|
||||
The specific epithet “
|
||||
<emphasis id="47FD980C0943B4019FE2BAEA157EFE89" italics="true">laosensis</emphasis>
|
||||
” is an adjective in the nominative case, given in reference to the new species’ distribution in central
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="6DB54CBC5187A1C002B5F201D88CB2B9" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. The name also mirrors the specific epithet of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D7C40C017CD0FC9F69FC5B7CB11057F8" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="indochinensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7CF37C6C2934953EC3607F96EF696447" italics="true">K. indochinensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, with which the new species was previously confused. We recommend “
|
||||
<emphasis id="0F895C32CDEA39F9B3F703A7AD0F64F8" italics="true">Laotian Painted Frog</emphasis>
|
||||
” as the common English name, “
|
||||
<emphasis id="FF6E39DAAED87AA583D9D89096748F5A" italics="true">Laosskiy bychiy uzkorot</emphasis>
|
||||
” as the common name in Russian, “
|
||||
<emphasis id="4B371A5A7589685E5DCA1DD3A2E45B6F" italics="true">Ễnh ương Lào</emphasis>
|
||||
” as the common name in Vietnamese, and “ ອ ື ່ ງຢາງລາວ ” (“
|
||||
<emphasis id="C5AE90355EE28F14992FDD958453C35F" italics="true">Ung Yang Lao</emphasis>
|
||||
”) as the common name in Lao languages.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0E6AHM" type="conservation status">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B83CEC594116487190FA04548AE5BED7">
|
||||
<heading id="15E2D033799C7EDA61775C4E39CB7FCB" reason="title">Conservation status.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47078FA06BE9EFEEA0BEF2A5A046EC05">
|
||||
At present, the new species is known only from two localities in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="48F24E8EB9E87FEC4FA45677D1DE539F" country="Laos" name="Khammouan">Khammouane Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="7AF38A7549A50AA050EDC4F8EFF3054D" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="5312C74721E34F70CB8CAFFE565643A4" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of the Kaloula baleata species complex members in Indochina. Dots within symbols denote type localities. Symbol colors correspond to mitochondrial DNA lineages (Figs 1, 2. Note that the tentative assignment of the populations that were not sequenced is based on geographic proximity and / or examination of morphological or photographic data from these populations). Symbol numbers correspond to locality numbers given in Appendix 1." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.37.e137394.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1196537">5</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The main threats to this species in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F1667D5CC8BED8A01A125A923834F879" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||||
are habitat loss and degradation due to intensified logging and deforestation, namely Nakai-Nam Theun NP and Hin Nam No NP. We propose that the IUCN’s Red List categories (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6EC5E25440B003E75096F7BE9677D760" refId="B32" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee (2019) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee." year="2019">IUCN 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) classify
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C884A5BB596A5D2A4A56E920C7FA9722" authorityName="Poyarkov, Orlov, Gorin & Milto" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laosensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D3180D1CC2BA7B8244B2BAC9C8214114" italics="true">Kaloula laosensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DEEC3C9E96E90BE6EEC5CC23E7DBDDA0" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
as Data Deficient (DD) due to the absence of comprehensive studies in the adjacent territories.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EYBHM" type="comments">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2E86A4B2B543F9E5003CDEF8DEB80E47">
|
||||
<heading id="4C88E4AC27C873CA8582328E765456F3" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D0A56DC013F69218AF207EE369C3DE13">
|
||||
We assume, based on the distribution of the new species, that several specimens from the type series of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1E56628D16C89863086EF7418B5865A2" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="indochinensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="AF133F20614FE159280331964F9BD093" italics="true">K. indochinensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the original description by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="62D46D7F30CB03D90FFB4EC3E83F8C29" DOI="10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" author="Chan KO & Blackburn DC & Murphy RW & Stuart BL & Emmett DA & Ho CT & Brown RM" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chan" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Herpetologica" pagination="329-341" refId="B5" refString="Chan KO, Blackburn DC, Murphy RW, Stuart BL, Emmett DA, Ho CT, Brown RM (2013) A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina. Herpetologica 69 (3): 329–341. https://doi.org/10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" title="A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina." volume="69" year="2013">Chan et al. (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, collected in Khammouance Province of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="FBCCE0EBDEEEEC8EED4C009C45AA360B" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and labeled as ‘
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F75265340F340C0D1E099FF8B01015DF" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="indochinensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A1DA77B68E0397C79488583D17CBF189" italics="true">K. indochinensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Laos’ or ‘
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="56BFF838B5BDAFF5CED24D03D628BCD9" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||||
OTU’ throughout the text, actually represent
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="89AE171667608109DEC86F39CDE1B039" authorityName="Poyarkov, Orlov, Gorin & Milto" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laosensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E98D6C7A84E7AC80068A8F38E2941B60" italics="true">Kaloula laosensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4E23A2394D4F31CFDCD552B9F03AE057" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
These specimens include
|
||||
<specimenCount id="23BDB4E9CC0B913E8A46430FB6A5D984" count="6" type="adult">six adult</specimenCount>
|
||||
males stored in the Field Museum of Natural History (
|
||||
<collectionCode id="63FBD55B9C1F64D0E1F5690FF0A62431" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
|
||||
), Chicago,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="2A520FBD9105254F72EE42CAC8C464FD" name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, under voucher numbers
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C7D3A532135059507E7256AA2828C9BF" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
|
||||
270360–65. The lack of genetic information on these specimens in the original description of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="31165AD3EEEAB0206830905DFEC86A0F" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kaloula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="indochinensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7BAEBAE6C004BA963963271BF3A17E6" italics="true">K. indochinensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
prevented
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9846D6658D9C6833EDBEE59624DDBCAC" DOI="10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" author="Chan KO & Blackburn DC & Murphy RW & Stuart BL & Emmett DA & Ho CT & Brown RM" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chan" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Herpetologica" pagination="329-341" refId="B5" refString="Chan KO, Blackburn DC, Murphy RW, Stuart BL, Emmett DA, Ho CT, Brown RM (2013) A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina. Herpetologica 69 (3): 329–341. https://doi.org/10.1655/Herpetologica-D-12-00094" title="A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Kaloula from eastern Indochina." volume="69" year="2013">Chan et al. (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
from recognizing their taxonomic distinctiveness.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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