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<mods:namePart>Berg, Alexander</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Soon, Villu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Odegaard, Frode</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Rosa, Paolo</mods:namePart>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127853017" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:30DEBCAAEB35467A77416E618F697780" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/30DEBCAAEB35467A77416E618F697780" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
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<subSubSection pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Chrysididae</paragraph>
|
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<treatment id="30DEBCAAEB35467A77416E618F697780" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127853017" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:30DEBCAAEB35467A77416E618F697780" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/30DEBCAAEB35467A77416E618F697780" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" scope_family="Chrysididae" scope_order="Hymenoptera" scope_subFamily="Chrysidinae" scope_tribe="Chrysidini">
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<subSubSection id="EE8966D811674D032BED8C3B7D5F0B74" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="69C5FBD203DB5BB8B618BF7E211E34D1" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Chrysididae</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Trichrysis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichrysis cyanea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanea">Trichrysis cyanea (Linnaeus, 1758)</taxonomicName>
|
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<subSubSection id="EE33BFF48BFBFAF095ED9B5FFB61FD46" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="047C8566B12C8D2EF41B3ACC4008E285" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
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||||
<taxonomicName id="BCE19E90E791B7D39A47C174F1A05003" ID-CoL="84MNB" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" genus="Trichrysis" lsidName="Trichrysis cyanea" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="cyanea">Trichrysis cyanea (Linnaeus, 1758)</taxonomicName>
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||||
Figs 197, 198-199
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||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Sphex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphex cyanea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanea">Sphex cyanea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0FA857248BD977159335C5DF59D9327B" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0C644DEB649ADE096B9815D0CE31E686" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8AAE05E3D93F34AB85715C5DF573AAB6" class="Insecta" family="Sphecidae" genus="Sphex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphex cyanea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanea">Sphex cyanea</taxonomicName>
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Linnaeus, 1758: 572.
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||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
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||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Trichrysis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichrysis cyanea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanea">Trichrysis cyanea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="9479776D367982D83103BE0DA606F051" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8FE93431DEF8DA960DAF2AFACAFC29C3" genus="Trichrysis" lsidName="Trichrysis cyanea" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="cyanea">Trichrysis cyanea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
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||||
<bibRefCitation author="Trautmann, G" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift fuer Wissenschaftliche Insektenbiologie" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" pagination="30 - 36" title="Die Goldwespenfauna Frankens." volume="15" year="1919">Trautmann and Trautmann 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C8A3F6012DD89F248AAFC314B9FC13D1" author="Trautmann, G" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift fuer Wissenschaftliche Insektenbiologie" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" pagination="30 - 36" title="Die Goldwespenfauna Frankens." volume="15" year="1919">Trautmann and Trautmann 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 34.
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||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
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||||
<subSubSection pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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||||
<paragraph pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Length 4-8 mm. The species is characterised by its completely green, blue or violet body (Fig. 197) and the tridentate posterior margin of T3 (Fig. 198). The male in particular is often dorsally or rarely almost completely black. The lateral teeth of T3 are often more like angles, and sometimes all teeth can be small or rounded and inconspicuous. The black spots of S2 are small and located close together (Fig. 199).</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0ECBC46C2B7A7E646CDA43791E92BB38" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6C525C806662CFF4CAB575A8DD4CDFFA" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="EE7364612AA43A5499DE75DD62060794" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Length 4-8 mm. The species is characterised by its completely green, blue or violet body (Fig. 197) and the tridentate posterior margin of T3 (Fig. 198). The male in particular is often dorsally or rarely almost completely black. The lateral teeth of T3 are often more like angles, and sometimes all teeth can be small or rounded and inconspicuous. The black spots of S2 are small and located close together (Fig. 199).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="3D27AC95DFDDCF2DB97F0A12EDDEA52E" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C2C9A97A897D52719091C4991DB93291" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A247A5320B5D457ED0152D64CF2A261" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||||
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Sweden. Very common. - Trans-Palearctic: from Europe and northern Africa to central Asia, Siberia, Korea, China and Japan (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Linsenmaier, W" journalOrPublisher="Entomofauna, Supplement" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="1 - 281" title="Die Goldwespen Nordafrikas (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae)." volume="10" year="1999">Linsenmaier 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="27FC0AE59D2FFB2748D4250A494228BC" author="Linsenmaier, W" journalOrPublisher="Entomofauna, Supplement" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="1 - 281" title="Die Goldwespen Nordafrikas (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae)." volume="10" year="1999">Linsenmaier 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Kurzenko and Lelej 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="050B1CACC16699DADA40DC2D0CD79720" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Kurzenko and Lelej 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Rosa, P" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" pagination="1 - 128" title="An annotated checklist of the chrysidid wasps (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) from China." url="10.3897/zookeys.455.6557" volume="455" year="2014">Rosa et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1D6C44A5FFBB708F13AE2AE173A6C8AC" author="Rosa, P" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" pagination="1 - 128" title="An annotated checklist of the chrysidid wasps (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) from China." url="10.3897/zookeys.455.6557" volume="455" year="2014">Rosa et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="biology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6A862AA70D4233D678BF167A20ECDBB2" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="biology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="EC5A9755F73C37C8ED37C51709E3359D" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47561D9FD0445BFDE2E845CC5AB08E2E" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||||
Habitat: forest margins, clearings and gardens with sun-exposed dead wood (e.g. dead tree trunks, log and branch piles, walls of wooden buildings or poles). Adults occasionally visit flowers of
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Apiaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" rank="family">Apiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AB906CDC4A39154E0B85FFE9AA7C7F09" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Heteroptera" order="Apiales" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Apiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E00BE22B00EA38582A924BD705FD1D40" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Heteroptera" order="Rosales" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Kusdas, K" journalOrPublisher="Naturkundliches Jahrbuch der Stadt Linz" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="307 - 326" title="Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Goldwespenfauna (Chrysididae und Cleptidae) Oberoesterreichs, unter besonderer Beruecksichtigung des Grossraumes von Linz. 2. Nachtrag." volume="1956" year="1956">Kusdas 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="BAA4B5F493831B321528C995CC8DC308" author="Kusdas, K" journalOrPublisher="Naturkundliches Jahrbuch der Stadt Linz" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="307 - 326" title="Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Goldwespenfauna (Chrysididae und Cleptidae) Oberoesterreichs, unter besonderer Beruecksichtigung des Grossraumes von Linz. 2. Nachtrag." volume="1956" year="1956">Kusdas 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Rosa, P" journalOrPublisher="Giornale Italiano di Entomologia" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="79 - 90" title="Alcune osservazioni sulle relazioni tra Vegetazione e Crisidi (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) in Italia." volume="11" year="2004">Rosa 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="32E7AF72330022E7CFB6D22F4A9DFC6B" author="Rosa, P" journalOrPublisher="Giornale Italiano di Entomologia" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="79 - 90" title="Alcune osservazioni sulle relazioni tra Vegetazione e Crisidi (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) in Italia." volume="11" year="2004">Rosa 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, our own obs.). Flight period: late May to early September. Host: primarily species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Trypoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trypoxylon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trypoxylon</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="72BE1C67057F9894EACA1B0E2871042E" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Trypoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trypoxylon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trypoxylon</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Latreille (
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Crabronidae" lsidName="" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" rank="family">Crabronidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3DEBF7E76DE9B5FEA2A03956459B512A" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Crabronidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), but also
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Auplopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Auplopus carbonarius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carbonarius">Auplopus carbonarius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6498F6CC6CA9A3114B60CFAB6631C7B1" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Auplopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Auplopus carbonarius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carbonarius">Auplopus carbonarius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Scopoli) and species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Dipogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dipogon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dipogon</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3BB296B66F71F20607D08B849460CB40" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Dipogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dipogon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dipogon</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fox (
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Pompilidae" lsidName="" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" rank="family">Pompilidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="87C66F086584045B62EB56B4F65AFDD8" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pompilidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and possibly other cavity-nesting crabronid wasps (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Dufour, L" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="5 - 53" title="Memoire sur les Insectes Hymenopteres qui nichent dans l'interieur des tiges seches de la Ronce." volume="9" year="1840">Dufour and Perris 1840</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E88DD329C164E568B145747EE12C9FAD" author="Dufour, L" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="5 - 53" title="Memoire sur les Insectes Hymenopteres qui nichent dans l'interieur des tiges seches de la Ronce." volume="9" year="1840">Dufour and Perris 1840</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Morgan, D" journalOrPublisher="Royal Entomological Society of London, London" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" title="Cuckoo-wasps, Hymenoptera, Chrysididae. Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, Vol. 6, Part 5." year="1984">Morgan 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D8147983E6FB2EDAB534203C0128C8E4" author="Morgan, D" journalOrPublisher="Royal Entomological Society of London, London" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" title="Cuckoo-wasps, Hymenoptera, Chrysididae. Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, Vol. 6, Part 5." year="1984">Morgan 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Brechtel, F" journalOrPublisher="Pollichia-Buch" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="1 - 284" title="Die Stechimmenfauna des Bienwaldes und seiner Randbereiche (Suedpfalz) unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Oekologie kunstnestbewohnender Arten." volume="9" year="1986">Brechtel 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="83993A17B7D11E70CD11ACB4DCA8C599" author="Brechtel, F" journalOrPublisher="Pollichia-Buch" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="1 - 284" title="Die Stechimmenfauna des Bienwaldes und seiner Randbereiche (Suedpfalz) unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Oekologie kunstnestbewohnender Arten." volume="9" year="1986">Brechtel 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Asis, JD" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" pagination="199 - 207" title="Biological observations on Trypoxylonattenuatum and description of its mature larva and its natural enemy Trichrysiscyanea (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae, Chrysididae)." volume="67" year="1994">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Asís">Asis</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="87291918A1F49FE3A77CC90A200E5CAA" author="Asis, JD" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" pagination="199 - 207" title="Biological observations on Trypoxylonattenuatum and description of its mature larva and its natural enemy Trichrysiscyanea (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae, Chrysididae)." volume="67" year="1994">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DE340E896FB1B0158111759AEBA04717" originalValue="Asís">Asis</normalizedToken>
|
||||
et al. 1994
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Gathmann, A" journalOrPublisher="Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege Baden-Wuerttemberg" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="277 - 305" title="Landschafts-Bewertung mit Bienen und Wespen in Nisthilfen: Artenspectrum, Interactionen und Bestimmungschluessel." volume="73" year="1999">Gathmann and Tscharntke 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="615A7F9D6FDC4AA4D1F7AF0D0828A461" author="Gathmann, A" journalOrPublisher="Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege Baden-Wuerttemberg" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="277 - 305" title="Landschafts-Bewertung mit Bienen und Wespen in Nisthilfen: Artenspectrum, Interactionen und Bestimmungschluessel." volume="73" year="1999">Gathmann and Tscharntke 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Tormos, J" journalOrPublisher="Florida Entomologist" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" pagination="56 - 63" title="Description of the mature larvae of Chrysisgracillima and Omalusbiaccinctus and new data on the biology of Trichrysiscyanea (HymenopteraChrysididae)." url="10.2307/3495754" volume="79" year="1996">Tormos et al. 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9B7EE3783AC264CFD2BCE73185CD7A30" author="Tormos, J" journalOrPublisher="Florida Entomologist" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" pagination="56 - 63" title="Description of the mature larvae of Chrysisgracillima and Omalusbiaccinctus and new data on the biology of Trichrysiscyanea (HymenopteraChrysididae)." url="10.2307/3495754" volume="79" year="1996">Tormos et al. 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Paern, M" journalOrPublisher="European Journal of Entomology" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="91 - 99" title="Host specificity of the tribe Chrysidini (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) in Estonia ascertained with trap-nesting." url="10.14411/eje.2015.012" volume="112" year="2014">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pärn">Paern</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="AE504292ECB5DF03997D3E9FB3A0B9D6" author="Paern, M" journalOrPublisher="European Journal of Entomology" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="91 - 99" title="Host specificity of the tribe Chrysidini (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) in Estonia ascertained with trap-nesting." url="10.14411/eje.2015.012" volume="112" year="2014">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="1EF7D7929BF936BD491287A80B7FB87F" originalValue="Pärn">Paern</normalizedToken>
|
||||
et al. 2014
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, our own obs.). Also many cavity-nesting solitary bee species have been reported as hosts, but these records are rather unreliable due to the very different biology of bees compared to crabronid and pompilid hosts.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
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