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<mods:title id="09362794EAF3D0EDD82635F880FE5111">Diversity of late Maastrichtian Tyrannosauridae (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from western North America</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2BA8DF962E5466A3D73AEB01DF4DADFA">Thomas D. Carr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B1936D1A53E38009148CB6ADE1013B93">Thomas E. Williamson</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03858796EA19FF998DEAFE40FBBBF8E6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3482998" ID-GBIF-Taxon="145939707" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3482998" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03858796EA19FF998DEAFE40FBBBF8E6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03858796EA19FF998DEAFE40FBBBF8E6" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="519" pageId="2" pageNumber="481" scope_family="Tyrannosauridae">
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<subSubSection id="C336650BEA19FFB38DEAFE40FAE6FE2E" box="[899,1331,416,440]" pageId="2" pageNumber="481" type="nomenclature">
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|
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@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ REX
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<paragraph id="8B933680EA19FFB38D4EFDEFFB6CFDD4" blockId="2.[807,1423,465,885]" pageId="2" pageNumber="481">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3C11AEEA19FFB38D4EFDEFFB6CFDD4" pageId="2" pageNumber="481">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8D1091EA19FFB38D4EFDEFFB60FDD4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4561766" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4561766" authorityName="Molnar & Carpenter" authorityYear="1989" baseAuthorityName="Leidy" baseAuthorityYear="1868" genus="Aublysodon" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6D5B047F-4035-4646-2FE8-FA8CFA0712EB " page="447" pageId="2" pageNumber="481" rank="species" species="cf. A. mirandus" treatmentCitationLabel="synonym">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA19FFB38D4EFDEFFAD5FDB2" authority="(Leidy, 1868)" baseAuthorityName="Leidy" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[807,1280,526,548]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="481" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirandus">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA19FFB38D4EFDEFFAD5FDB2" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[807,1280,526,548]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="481" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirandus">
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<emphasis id="B958EA92EA19FFB38D4EFDEFFC7EFDB5" box="[807,939,526,547]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="481">Aublysodon</emphasis>
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cf.
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<emphasis id="B958EA92EA19FFB38DBCFDEFFBB7FDB5" box="[981,1122,526,547]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="481">A. mirandus</emphasis>
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@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ cf.
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<paragraph id="8B933680EA19FFB38D4EFD68FC59FD2B" blockId="2.[807,1423,465,885]" pageId="2" pageNumber="481">
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||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3C11AEEA19FFB38D4EFD68FC59FD2B" pageId="2" pageNumber="481">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8D1091EA19FFB38D4EFD68FC5DFD2B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3483079" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3483079" authorityName="Molnar" authorityYear="1980" baseAuthorityName="Gilmore" baseAuthorityYear="1946" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039987C0-8F72-FFAA-060F-F5A0FA3FFAB1" kingdom="Animalia" page="102" pageId="2" pageNumber="481" rank="species" species="cf. A. lancensis" treatmentCitationLabel="synonym">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA19FFB38D4EFD68FACAFD08" authorityName="Molnar" authorityYear="1980" baseAuthorityName="Gilmore" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[807,1311,649,671]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="481" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cf. a. lancensis">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA19FFB38D4EFD68FACAFD08" baseAuthorityName="Gilmore" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[807,1311,649,671]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="481" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cf. a. lancensis">
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<emphasis id="B958EA92EA19FFB38D4EFD68FC13FD08" box="[807,966,649,670]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="481">Albertosaurus</emphasis>
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cf.
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<emphasis id="B958EA92EA19FFB38D9AFD68FBAFFD08" box="[1011,1146,649,670]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="481">A. lancensis</emphasis>
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@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ was an isolated frontal (
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<emphasis id="B958EA92EA19FFB38B62FBDAFA5AFBC6" box="[1291,1423,1083,1104]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="481">Aublysodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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because, in contrast to
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA19FFB38A25FBBBFA81FBF9" box="[1100,1364,1114,1135]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="481" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA19FFB38A25FBBBFA81FBF9" baseAuthorityName="Lambe" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[1100,1364,1114,1135]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="481" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
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<emphasis id="B958EA92EA19FFB38A25FBBBFA81FBF9" box="[1100,1364,1114,1135]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="481">Albertosaurus libratus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the frontal is relatively thin and narrow for a given length. The presence of
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@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ described aspects of the specimen,
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<emphasis id="B958EA92EA19FFB38B53F9E6FC8BF9AD" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="481">Aublysodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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cf.
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA19FFB38DEFF9C7FBC6F9AD" box="[902,1043,1574,1595]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="481" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirandus">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA19FFB38DEFF9C7FBC6F9AD" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[902,1043,1574,1595]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="481" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirandus">
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<emphasis id="B958EA92EA19FFB38DEFF9C7FBC6F9AD" box="[902,1043,1574,1595]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="481">A. mirandus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was based on the presence of an associated nondenticulate premaxillary tooth. The specimen provided the opportunity to ascribe skeletal characters to the taxon. In their abstract,
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@ -237,13 +237,13 @@ listed one skeletal and one dental character to characterize
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: a ‘peculiar first dentary tooth’ and a V-shaped frontoparietal suture (
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<figureCitation id="13172A05EA19FFB38DE2F91CFBFBF884" box="[907,1070,1789,1811]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[156,234,1787,1806]" captionTargetBox="[206,1383,199,1751]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[654,1232,933,1087]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Dorsal skull roof of LACM 28471. Left frontal (A) and right frontal (B) in dorsal view; joint surface of the parietal in caudal view (C); joint surface of the postorbital in lateral view (D) and cross section of this contact (E); left frontal in ventral (F) and lateral (G) views and cross section through the orbit (H); parietals in left lateral (I), rostral (J), right lateral (K), dorsal (L), and ventral (M) views; nuchal crest fragment in rostral (N), dorsal (O), and caudal (P) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4707774" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4707774/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="481">Fig. 2A, B, L</figureCitation>
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). Their revised diagnosis of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA19FFB38D4EF8FDFC61F8A6" box="[807,948,1819,1841]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="481" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirandus">
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||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA19FFB38D4EF8FDFC61F8A6" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[807,948,1819,1841]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="481" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirandus">
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<emphasis id="B958EA92EA19FFB38D4EF8FDFC61F8A6" box="[807,948,1819,1841]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="481">A. mirandus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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included the following additional characters: slender dentaries, an emargination in the dentary caudal to the third alveolus, and an acute angle between the dorsal and rostroventral margins of the dentary (
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<figureCitation id="13172A05EA11FFBB8E9FFF00FEBCFF61" box="[246,361,225,247]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[156,234,1857,1876]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,203,1822]" captionTargetId="graphics@7.[188,1423,932,1802]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. Mandibular bones of LACM 28471. Right surangular in lateral (A), dorsal (B), and ventral (C) views; left (D) and right (E) dentaries in lateral view with diagrammatic cross sections of teeth. Cross sections are not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3960921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3960921/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="489">Fig. 3D, E</figureCitation>
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). They also listed additional dental characters for
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA11FFBB8F55FEE1FE1CFE83" box="[316,457,256,277]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="10" pageNumber="489" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirandus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA11FFBB8F55FEE1FE1CFE83" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[316,457,256,277]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="10" pageNumber="489" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirandus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA11FFBB8F55FEE1FE1CFE83" box="[316,457,256,277]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="489">A. mirandus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: the mesial carina of the first dentary tooth is displaced lingually (
|
||||
|
|
@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ Comparison of the Jordan theropod (
|
|||
28471
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
) with tyrannosaurid material weakens the validity of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA11FFBB8EE6FDF5FEC9FDBF" box="[143,284,532,553]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="10" pageNumber="489" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirandus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA11FFBB8EE6FDF5FEC9FDBF" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[143,284,532,553]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="10" pageNumber="489" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirandus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA11FFBB8EE6FDF5FEC9FDBF" box="[143,284,532,553]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="489">A. mirandus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. All tyrannosaurids, except adult
|
||||
|
|
@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ cite the ‘rostroventral border of dentaries with an acute angle relative to al
|
|||
<paragraph id="8B933680EA11FFBB8EC1FC01FD6CFAF0" blockId="10.[143,759,195,1903]" pageId="10" pageNumber="489">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD4B71EA11FFBB8EC1FC01FE3BFC60" author="Molnar RE & Carpenter K." box="[168,494,992,1014]" journalOrPublisher="Geobios" pageId="10" pageNumber="489" pagination="445 - 454" part="22" refId="ref16718" refString="Molnar RE, Carpenter K. 1989. The Jordan theropod (Maastrichtian, Montana, U. S. A.) referred to the genus Aublysodon. Geobios 22: 445 - 454." title="The Jordan theropod (Maastrichtian, Montana, U. S. A.) referred to the genus Aublysodon" type="journal article" year="1989">Molnar & Carpenter (1989)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
considered the extent and coarseness of denticles to be diagnostic for
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA11FFBB8EE6FBFFFEC9FBA4" box="[143,284,1053,1075]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="10" pageNumber="489" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirandus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA11FFBB8EE6FBFFFEC9FBA4" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[143,284,1053,1075]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="10" pageNumber="489" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirandus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA11FFBB8EE6FBFFFEC9FBA4" box="[143,284,1053,1075]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="489">A. mirandus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. They stated that in the dentary and maxillary teeth of
|
||||
|
|
@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ considered the extent and coarseness of denticles to be diagnostic for
|
|||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA11FFBB8E8FFB56FE21FB5A" box="[230,500,1207,1228]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="489">Daspletosaurus torosus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in which the mesial carina reaches the crown base, and is therefore not diagnostic of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA11FFBB8F57FB15FE1EFA9F" box="[318,459,1268,1289]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="10" pageNumber="489" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirandus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA11FFBB8F57FB15FE1EFA9F" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[318,459,1268,1289]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="10" pageNumber="489" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirandus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA11FFBB8F57FB15FE1EFA9F" box="[318,459,1268,1289]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="489">A. mirandus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Also, the condition of mesial denticles being finer than the distal denticles is typical of tyrannosaurids (
|
||||
|
|
@ -552,7 +552,7 @@ shares many features that typify juvenile tyrannosaurids (
|
|||
represents a tyrannosaurid growth stage that precedes that of ‘small Stage 1’ described by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD4B71EA15FFBF8F93FEE1FD54FE80" author="Carr TD." box="[506,641,256,278]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology" pageId="14" pageNumber="493" pagination="497 - 520" part="19" refId="ref15858" refString="Carr TD. 1999. Craniofacial ontogeny in Tyrannosauridae (Dinosauria, Theropoda). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 19: 497 - 520." title="Craniofacial ontogeny in Tyrannosauridae (Dinosauria, Theropoda)" type="journal article" year="1999">Carr (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
for
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA15FFBF8CDAFEE1FE86FEA2" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="14" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA15FFBF8CDAFEE1FE86FEA2" baseAuthorityName="Lambe" baseAuthorityYear="1914" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="14" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA15FFBF8CDAFEE1FE86FEA2" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="493">Albertosaurus libratus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
|
|
@ -671,7 +671,7 @@ As in juvenile
|
|||
are not rugose, their condition in large adult specimens (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13172A05EA15FFBF8F0BFC01FE02FC60" box="[354,471,992,1014]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[156,234,1737,1756]" captionTargetBox="[186,1404,197,1701]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[186,821,479,1020]" captionText="Figure 1. Facial bones of LACM 28471. Snout in dorsal view (A); frontal process of nasals in dorsal (B) and ventral (C) views; snout in left lateral (D) and right lateral (E) views, and the nasal process of the right maxilla in lateral (F) and medial (G) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4707770" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4707770/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="493">Fig. 1A–E</figureCitation>
|
||||
). This smooth condition differs from a small juvenile
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA15FFBF8F94FC1EFDA0FB82" box="[509,629,1023,1044]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="14" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA15FFBF8F94FC1EFDA0FB82" baseAuthorityName="Lambe" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[509,629,1023,1044]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="14" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA15FFBF8F94FC1EFDA0FB82" box="[509,629,1023,1044]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="493">A. libratus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(e.g. TMP 86.144.1), in which the nasals are rugose. As in juvenile and adult tyrannosaurids, the internasal suture is open along the rostral and caudal extremities of the bone, but the remainder is closed in external view (
|
||||
|
|
@ -699,7 +699,7 @@ typifies the proportions of this bone in juveniles and all small theropods and i
|
|||
). This is also indicated by the low angle of the margins of the maxilla, which
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD4B71EA15FFBF8FE0F940FD80F92E" author="Molnar RE." box="[393,597,1697,1720]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Paleontology" pageId="14" pageNumber="493" pagination="73 - 82" part="52" refId="ref16668" refString="Molnar RE. 1978. A new theropod dinosaur from the upper Cretaceous of central Montana. Journal of Paleontology 52: 73 - 82." title="A new theropod dinosaur from the upper Cretaceous of central Montana" type="journal article" year="1978">Molnar (1978: 73)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
also observed in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA15FFBF8EC6F921FEF2F943" box="[175,295,1728,1749]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="14" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA15FFBF8EC6F921FEF2F943" baseAuthorityName="Lambe" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[175,295,1728,1749]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="14" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA15FFBF8EC6F921FEF2F943" box="[175,295,1728,1749]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="493">A. libratus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The low angle in
|
||||
|
|
@ -708,7 +708,7 @@ also observed in
|
|||
28471
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
, in contrast to the higher angle in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA15FFBF8C65F93EFD51F962" box="[524,644,1759,1780]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="14" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA15FFBF8C65F93EFD51F962" baseAuthorityName="Lambe" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[524,644,1759,1780]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="14" pageNumber="493" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA15FFBF8C65F93EFD51F962" box="[524,644,1759,1780]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="493">A. libratus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(70°), is undoubtedly related to the fact that
|
||||
|
|
@ -917,7 +917,7 @@ is unique with regard to the shallow angle of the symphysis and the slope of the
|
|||
), as noted by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD4B71EA14FFBE8C51FCC9FD09FCA8" author="Molnar RE." box="[568,732,808,830]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Paleontology" pageId="15" pageNumber="494" pagination="73 - 82" part="52" refId="ref16668" refString="Molnar RE. 1978. A new theropod dinosaur from the upper Cretaceous of central Montana. Journal of Paleontology 52: 73 - 82." title="A new theropod dinosaur from the upper Cretaceous of central Montana" type="journal article" year="1978">Molnar (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
for
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA14FFBE8EF5FCA6FEC1FCCA" box="[156,276,839,860]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="15" pageNumber="494" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA14FFBE8EF5FCA6FEC1FCCA" baseAuthorityName="Lambe" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[156,276,839,860]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="15" pageNumber="494" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA14FFBE8EF5FCA6FEC1FCCA" box="[156,276,839,860]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="494">A. libratus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
|
|
@ -1001,7 +1001,7 @@ The transverse curvature of the nasals indicates that they were deep and vaulted
|
|||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA14FFBE8A61FEE0FB90FE80" box="[1032,1093,257,278]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="494">T. rex</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. A raised internasal suture is present in other tyrannosaurids (e.g.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA14FFBE8B75FEFEFA40FEA2" box="[1308,1429,287,308]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="15" pageNumber="494" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA14FFBE8B75FEFEFA40FEA2" baseAuthorityName="Lambe" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[1308,1429,287,308]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="15" pageNumber="494" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA14FFBE8B75FEFEFA40FEA2" box="[1308,1429,287,308]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="494">A. libratus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
|
|
@ -1459,7 +1459,7 @@ created a new species for the specimen based on its larger size, larger teeth, a
|
|||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA09FFA38EE6FE9AFEC6FE06" box="[143,275,379,400]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="497">Aublysodon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA09FFA38F0CFE9AFE27FE06" box="[357,498,379,400]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="18" pageNumber="497" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirandus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA09FFA38F0CFE9AFE27FE06" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[357,498,379,400]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="18" pageNumber="497" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirandus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA09FFA38F0CFE9AFE27FE06" box="[357,498,379,400]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="497">A. mirandus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. However, these features are vague and hence are not diagnostic. Based on the diagnostic characters given above, we consider
|
||||
|
|
@ -1487,13 +1487,13 @@ to a new genus,
|
|||
They considered the specimen unique on the basis of its long maxillary teeth and mesiodistally narrow and smaller ‘premaxillary’ tooth, in contrast to the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54978822EA09FFA38C21FD90FDACFD10" box="[584,633,625,646]" pageId="18" pageNumber="497">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
tooth of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA09FFA38EE6FD6EFEC9FD32" box="[143,284,655,676]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="18" pageNumber="497" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirandus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA09FFA38EE6FD6EFEC9FD32" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[143,284,655,676]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="18" pageNumber="497" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirandus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA09FFA38EE6FD6EFEC9FD32" box="[143,284,655,676]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="497">A. mirandus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The authors considered the convex rostral end of the alveolar margin of the dentary to be unique; as shown above, this typifies juvenile and small tyrannosaurids (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13172A05EA09FFA38FF6FD0AFE35FC97" box="[415,480,747,769]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="9.[156,234,1794,1813]" captionTargetBox="[181,1407,196,1759]" captionTargetId="graphics@9.[220,1397,196,1733]" captionText="Figure 5. Comparison of the right dentary (reversed) of LACM 28471 with those of other tyrannosaurid juveniles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3960925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3960925/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="497">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Also, they considered the procumbent nature of the rostral three dentary teeth to be diagnostic. However, this can be observed in juvenile and subadult specimens of other tyrannosaurids such as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA09FFA38F0BFC84FDB9FCEC" box="[354,620,869,890]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="18" pageNumber="497" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA09FFA38F0BFC84FDB9FCEC" baseAuthorityName="Lambe" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[354,620,869,890]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="18" pageNumber="497" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA09FFA38F0BFC84FDB9FCEC" box="[354,620,869,890]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="497">Albertosaurus libratus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(e.g. ROM 1247). In our opinion,
|
||||
|
|
@ -1551,7 +1551,7 @@ cf.
|
|||
. This specimen was later made the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54978822EA09FFA38CFCFB15FD23FA9C" box="[661,758,1268,1290]" pageId="18" pageNumber="497" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
of a new species,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA09FFA38F32FAF2FD41FABE" box="[347,660,1299,1320]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="18" pageNumber="497" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megagracilis">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA09FFA38F32FAF2FD41FABE" authorityName="Paul" authorityYear="1988" box="[347,660,1299,1320]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="18" pageNumber="497" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megagracilis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA09FFA38F32FAF2FD41FABE" box="[347,660,1299,1320]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="497">Albertosaurus megagracilis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by
|
||||
|
|
@ -1813,7 +1813,7 @@ In dorsal view, the joint surfaces of the nasal processes of the premaxillae are
|
|||
), the caudal surangular foramen is smaller than it is in other tyrannosaurids (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13172A05EA09FFA38D46F8DAFCABF8C7" box="[815,894,1851,1873]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="26.[143,221,1797,1816]" captionTargetBox="[165,1399,199,1762]" captionTargetId="graphics@26.[212,1389,199,1736]" captionText="Figure 13. Comparison of the surangular of LACM 23845 with other tyrannosaurids in left lateral view. AMNH 5027 modified after Osborn (1912) and CMN 8506 after Russell (1970)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3960945" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3960945/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="497">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||||
). This is also present in some
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA09FFA38A86F8DAFC54F8F8" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="18" pageNumber="497" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA09FFA38A86F8DAFC54F8F8" baseAuthorityName="Lambe" baseAuthorityYear="1914" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="18" pageNumber="497" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA09FFA38A86F8DAFC54F8F8" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="497">Albertosaurus libratus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(e.g. ROM 1247;
|
||||
|
|
@ -1905,7 +1905,7 @@ is not an immature
|
|||
, each of which is contestable: presence of a tall nuchal crest, smooth prefrontofrontal and quadratojugoquadrate sutures, and the form of the proximal fibula. The height of the nuchal crest is thought to be ontogenetically variable in tyrannosaurids (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD4B71EA0DFFA78F19FD0AFDDBFC97" author="Russell DA." box="[368,526,747,769]" journalOrPublisher="National Museum of Natural Science Publications in Palaeontology" pageId="22" pageNumber="501" pagination="1 - 34" part="1" refId="ref17193" refString="Russell DA. 1970. Tyrannosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of western Canada. National Museum of Natural Science Publications in Palaeontology 1: 1 - 34." title="Tyrannosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of western Canada" type="journal article" year="1970">Russell, 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). This idea is based on the subadult
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA0DFFA78F39FCEBFE1DFC88" box="[336,456,777,799]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="22" pageNumber="501" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA0DFFA78F39FCEBFE1DFC88" baseAuthorityName="Lambe" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[336,456,777,799]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="22" pageNumber="501" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA0DFFA78F39FCEBFE1DFC88" box="[336,456,777,799]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="501">A. libratus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
specimen AMNH
|
||||
|
|
@ -2308,7 +2308,7 @@ resemble that of
|
|||
). We regard the asymmetry in thickness between each ala of the nuchal crest as individual variation, in contrast to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD4B71EA3BFF918C7AFDD2FD6EFDDF" author="Molnar RE." box="[531,699,563,585]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Paleontology" pageId="32" pageNumber="511" pagination="102 - 108" part="54" refId="ref16694" refString="Molnar RE. 1980. An albertosaur from the Hell Creek Formation of Montana. Journal of Paleontology 54: 102 - 108." title="An albertosaur from the Hell Creek Formation of Montana" type="journal article" year="1980">Molnar (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
who regarded this as a shared similarity with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA3BFF918C1DFDB0FECEFD13" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="511" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA3BFF918C1DFDB0FECEFD13" baseAuthorityName="Lambe" baseAuthorityYear="1914" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="511" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA3BFF918C1DFDB0FECEFD13" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="511">Albertosaurus libratus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Likewise, we regard the absence of a medial shelf along the ventral margin of the surangular process of the dentary as individual variation.
|
||||
|
|
@ -2344,11 +2344,11 @@ and
|
|||
23845
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
, ‘
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA3BFF918E8CFC42FEB9FC2E" authority="(Gilmore, 1946)" box="[229,364,931,952]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="511" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lancensis">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA3BFF918E8CFC42FEB9FC2E" baseAuthorityName="Gilmore" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[229,364,931,952]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="511" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lancensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA3BFF918E8CFC42FEB9FC2E" box="[229,364,931,952]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="511">A. lancensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
’, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA3BFF918FD9FC42FDFDFC2E" box="[432,552,931,952]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="511" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA3BFF918FD9FC42FDFDFC2E" baseAuthorityName="Lambe" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[432,552,931,952]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="511" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA3BFF918FD9FC42FDFDFC2E" box="[432,552,931,952]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="511">A. libratus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the sagittal crest reaches the dorsal margin of the nuchal crest, but in
|
||||
|
|
@ -2365,7 +2365,7 @@ the crest does not reach the dorsal margin of the nuchal crest. However, among m
|
|||
the sagittal crest actually stops short of the dorsal margin of the crest (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13172A05EA3BFF918F6DFB98FEB9FB19" box="[260,364,1145,1167]" captionStart="Figure" captionStartId="29.[156,234,1816,1835]" captionTargetBox="[192,1396,199,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[663,921,508,1076]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figure 15. Dorsal skull roof of LACM 23845. Left frontal in lateral (A), medial (B), dorsal (C), and ventral (E) views; right frontal in dorsal (D) view; parietals in rostral (F), left lateral (G), dorsal (H), and ventral (I) views; nuchal crest in right lateral (J), left lateral (K), caudal (L), and rostrodorsal (M) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4707789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4707789/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="511">Fig. 15M</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Therefore, this character is individually variable and does not have diagnostic value except for
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA3BFF918F62FB56FE56FB5A" box="[267,387,1207,1228]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="511" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA3BFF918F62FB56FE56FB5A" baseAuthorityName="Lambe" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[267,387,1207,1228]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="511" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA3BFF918F62FB56FE56FB5A" box="[267,387,1207,1228]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="511">A. libratus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, in which the crest reaches the dorsal margin of the nuchal crest (
|
||||
|
|
@ -2409,7 +2409,7 @@ PREVIOUS TAXONOMIC WORK ON
|
|||
23845
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
to the new species
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA3BFF918E81F940FDF4F920" box="[232,545,1697,1718]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="511" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megagracilis">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA3BFF918E81F940FDF4F920" authorityName="Paul" authorityYear="1988" box="[232,545,1697,1718]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="511" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megagracilis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA3BFF918E81F940FDF4F920" box="[232,545,1697,1718]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="511">Albertosaurus megagracilis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
on the basis of its ‘extremely atrophied forelimbs, down-bent nasals, very long snout... long hind limbs’ and its ‘overall large size and gracile build’. With regard to the long snout, this is based on Molnar’s inference of a longer snout than in
|
||||
|
|
@ -2646,7 +2646,7 @@ Variation of the position and width of the end of the sagittal crest on the nuch
|
|||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="351C34C2EA3F004E8EE6FCCAFA5BFCA8" box="[143,1422,811,830]" gridrow="1" pageId="36" pageNumber="515" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
|
||||
<th id="76CD5DBEEA3F004E8EE6FCCAFEAEFCA8" box="[143,379,811,830]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="36" pageNumber="515">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA3FFF958EE6FCCAFEAEFCA8" box="[143,379,811,830]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="36" pageNumber="515" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA3FFF958EE6FCCAFEAEFCA8" baseAuthorityName="Lambe" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[143,379,811,830]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="36" pageNumber="515" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA3FFF958EE6FCCAFEAEFCA8" box="[143,379,811,830]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="515">Albertosaurus libratus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
|
|
@ -3083,7 +3083,7 @@ In the first stage (small juvenile, e.g.
|
|||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13172A05EA3DFF978E97FC23FECEFC4E" box="[254,283,962,984]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="39.[156,234,1828,1847]" captionTargetBox="[179,1412,206,1793]" captionTargetId="graphics@39.[300,1410,198,1788]" captionText="Figure 19. Diagram of the results of a quantitative reconstruction of a growth series of five Tyrannosaurus rex specimens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3960963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3960963/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="517">19</figureCitation>
|
||||
). In small juvenile specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA3DFF978CF5FC20FEE8FC63" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="38" pageNumber="517" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D03EA3DFF978CF5FC20FEE8FC63" baseAuthorityName="Lambe" baseAuthorityYear="1914" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="38" pageNumber="517" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B958EA92EA3DFF978CF5FC20FEE8FC63" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="517">Albertosaurus libratus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, this margin is distinct and is presumably the juvenile condition. Also, in small juveniles of
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
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Reference in a new issue