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Nees, 1816
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(Haliday, 1835,
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(Ratzeburg, 1852,
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<taxonomicName id="44B2CA7B3CC9A14EC51DD0FB43227F81" genus="Ichneumonoidea" lsidName="Ichneumonoidea similis" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" rank="species" species="similis">similis</taxonomicName>
(
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, 1901,
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) preocc.
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<taxonomicName id="F60E5182297BE9AAB87C0E6337B858FA" genus="Ichneumonoidea" lsidName="Ichneumonoidea pallidipes" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" rank="species" species="pallidipes">pallidipes</taxonomicName>
misspelling
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<paragraph id="A1F43F3D761BBBA9214332CCFF08F0E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D20102784282F6CFAF6C5B1CAF3107E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">England, Ireland, Isle of Man</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="9FB4A8BACF8175568C62914976AF0F7F" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" type="notes">
<paragraph id="2FF1011EFB5506B9688C8D6432F0A4D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph id="40E7544A170D981429AE0DCF9A3686A6" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">
some distribution data from
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<taxonomicName id="9BF4FF5D957680E20A9F061574F26132" ID-CoL="4D2F3" LSID="BFAFC94C-CA05-541C-A4EA-674916D53951" authority="(Audinet-Serville, 1839)" baseAuthorityName="Audinet-Serville" baseAuthorityYear="1839" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Paramantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramantis prasina" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="102637" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prasina">Paramantis prasina (Audinet-Serville, 1839)</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="4A10B7501499B11C07899C5E74669ACE" pageId="0" pageNumber="102637">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2166791D62ACA040FE1E0398DE5C0A95" pageId="0" pageNumber="102637">AG, GH, GN, KN, CAM, BG, TZ, TG</paragraph>
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ID: Lit (
<bibRefCitation id="EEEA15548B00722FEF57DE4A4388B42C" author="Roy, R." journalOrPublisher="Mantidae). Bulletin de l'Institut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire (IFAN), Serie A" pageId="0" pageNumber="102637" pagination="126 - 149" refId="B10869104" refString="Roy, R., 1967. Contribution a la connaissance des genre Mantis Linne et Paramantis, nov. [Mantidae]. Mantidae). Bulletin de l'Institut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire (IFAN), Serie A 29 (1): 126 - 149" title="Contribution a la connaissance des genre Mantis Linne et Paramantis, nov. [Mantidae]" volume="29" year="1967">Roy 1967</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="9700050C96087526ACC1E7BA18356EBC" author="Ehrmann, R." journalOrPublisher="Natur und Tier-Verlag GmbH, Muenster" pageId="0" pageNumber="102637" refId="B8809643" refString="Ehrmann, R., 2002. Mantodea: Gottesanbeterinnen der Welt. Natur und Tier-Verlag GmbH, Muenster" title="Mantodea: Gottesanbeterinnen der Welt" year="2002">Ehrmann 2002</bibRefCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<mods:namePart>Frolov, Pavel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Gándara, Alberto Martinez</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Grigore Artipa National Museum of Natural History, Bucharest, Romania</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Gittenberger, Arjan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Gittenberger Marine Research, Inventory &amp; Strategy, Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Gogaladze, Aleksandre</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Mikhail Karpinsky</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Moscow, Russia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Popa, Luis</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Grigore Antirpa National Museum of Natural History, Bucharest, Romania</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sands, Arthur F</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Vandendorpe, Justine</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wilke, Thomas</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Justus Liebig University Giessen Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>827</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>31</mods:start>
<mods:end>124</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.827.31365</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.827.31365</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-827-31</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">10B663895E424E5287D8F49E2405D651</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">10B663895E424E5287D8F49E2405D651</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="183410496" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BFAFD85F5E444711DB516B18B8FAE5AB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BFAFD85F5E444711DB516B18B8FAE5AB" lastPageNumber="86" pageNumber="86">
<subSubSection type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="86">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Turricaspia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Turricaspia grimmi" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="55" pageNumber="86" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grimmi">
<pageBreakToken pageId="55" pageNumber="86" start="start">Turricaspia</pageBreakToken>
grimmi
</taxonomicName>
(Clessin &amp; Dybowski in Dybowski, 1887)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="86">
*1887
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="55" pageNumber="86" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Micromelania</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName genus="Grimmi" lsidName="Grimmi" pageId="55" pageNumber="86" rank="genus">Grimmi</taxonomicName>
Clessin &amp; Dybowski in Dybowski: 27-29.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="86">
1888 [
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Micromelania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micromelania" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="55" pageNumber="86" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Micromelania</taxonomicName>
]
<taxonomicName genus="Grimmi" lsidName="Grimmi" pageId="55" pageNumber="86" rank="genus">Grimmi</taxonomicName>
n. sp. - Dybowski: 78, pl. 1, fig. 2
<normalizedToken originalValue="a–c">a-c</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="86">
2006
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgula grimmi" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="55" pageNumber="86" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grimmi">Pyrgula grimmi</taxonomicName>
(Clessin &amp; W. Dybowski in W. Dybowski, 1888). - Kantor and Sysoev: 100, pl. 46, fig. L.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="86">
2016
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgula grimmi" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="55" pageNumber="86" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grimmi">Pyrgula grimmi</taxonomicName>
(Clessin &amp; W. Dybowski in W. Dybowski, 1888). - Vinarski and Kantor: 239.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="86">Status. Accepted Pontocaspian species.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="86">Type locality. Caspian Sea (no details).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="86">
Distribution. Southern Caspian Sea Basin (
<bibRefCitation pageId="55" pageNumber="86">Logvinenko and Starobogatov 1969</bibRefCitation>
). This species was mentioned from depths between 200 and 300 m in the South Caspian Basin of Azerbaijan (
<bibRefCitation author="Mirzoev, GS" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Zoological Studies" pageId="79" pageNumber="110" pagination="43 - 48" title="Zoobenthos distribution patterns in the deepwater horizon of Azerbaijan sector of the Caspian Sea." url="http://www.zoologyjournals.com/download/74/1-7-29-696.pdf" volume="2" year="2017">Mirzoev and Alekperov 2017</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="86">
Taxonomic notes. The peculiar morphology with straight-sided, weakly stepped whorls with a thin subsutural band is unique among Caspian
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="55" pageNumber="86" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Pyrgulinae">Pyrgulinae</taxonomicName>
. See above for a comparison with
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. eulimellula" pageId="55" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="eulimellula">T. eulimellula</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection type="conservation">
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="86">
Conservation status. Data Deficient (
<bibRefCitation author="Vinarski, MV" journalOrPublisher="Elm, Baku" pageId="85" pageNumber="116" url="https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-2.RLTS.T189124A8688657.en" year="2011 i">Vinarski 2011i</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

326
data/BF/AF/EB/BFAFEB6DB3FE581DB2EA70BDA14663C9.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,326 @@
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<mods:namePart>Soli, Geir</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="67134" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Materials</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2005-08-27" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectorName="Occurrence, M. Mostovski" country="South Africa" county="Pinned" elevation="0" latitude="-29.3169" location="Pietermaritzburg" longitude="30.2514" municipality="Location" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134" specimenCode="TSZD-JKJ- 107187" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="Holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Type status:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2005-08-27" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectorName="Occurrence, M. Mostovski" country="South Africa" county="Pinned" elevation="0" latitude="-29.3169" location="Pietermaritzburg" longitude="30.2514" municipality="Location" specimenCode="TSZD-JKJ- 107187" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="Holotype">
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">
<collectorName>Occurrence</collectorName>
:
</emphasis>
catalogNumber:
<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">TSZD-JKJ-107187</specimenCode>
; recordedBy:
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">M. Mostovski</collectorName>
; individualCount:
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="67134" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
; sex:
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">male</specimenType>
; lifeStage:
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">adult</specimenType>
; preparations:
<collectingCounty>Pinned</collectingCounty>
, with genitalia in glycerine in separate microvial;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">
<collectingMunicipality>Location</collectingMunicipality>
:
</emphasis>
country:
<collectingCountry name="South Africa" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">South Africa</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince:
<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
; municipality:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BFAFEB6DB3FE581DB2EA70BDA14663C9:CCA5B79B973E02CB672BE16B713E5D0E" country="South Africa" county="Pinned" latitude="-29.3169" longitude="30.2514" municipality="Location" name="Pietermaritzburg" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Pietermaritzburg</location>
; locality:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BFAFEB6DB3FE581DB2EA70BDA14663C9:2D234F43FB1C81CBCD4CE8C826C4D84E" country="South Africa" county="Pinned" latitude="-29.3169" longitude="30.2514" municipality="Location" name="Karkloof Nat. Res." pageId="0" pageNumber="67134" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Karkloof Nat. Res.</location>
; verbatimElevation:
<elevation pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.325" unit="m" value="1325.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.325" unit="m" value="1325.0">1325 m</elevation>
</quantity>
</elevation>
; decimalLatitude:
<geoCoordinate orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134" value="-29.3169">-29.3169</geoCoordinate>
; decimalLongitude:
<geoCoordinate orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134" value="30.2514">30.2514</geoCoordinate>
;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BFAFEB6DB3FE581DB2EA70BDA14663C9:9B5BAB654D4FF0DB46ADE40FC00E6455" country="South Africa" county="Pinned" latitude="-29.3169" longitude="30.2514" municipality="Location" name="Event" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Event</location>
:
</emphasis>
samplingProtocol:
<collectingMethod pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
; eventDate:
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="67134" value="2005-08-27">2005-08-27</collectingDate>
; habitat: mistbelt forest;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Record Level:</emphasis>
institutionCode: TMU
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2005-08-27" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectorName="Occurrence, M. Mostovski" country="South Africa" county="Pinned" elevation="0" latitude="-29.3169" location="Pietermaritzburg" longitude="30.2514" municipality="Location" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134" specimenCode="TSZD-JKJ- 107188" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="Paratype">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Type status:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2005-08-27" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectorName="Occurrence, M. Mostovski" country="South Africa" county="Pinned" elevation="0" latitude="-29.3169" location="Pietermaritzburg" longitude="30.2514" municipality="Location" specimenCode="TSZD-JKJ- 107188" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="Paratype">
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Paratype</typeStatus>
.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">
<collectorName>Occurrence</collectorName>
:
</emphasis>
catalogNumber:
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; recordedBy:
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; individualCount:
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; sex:
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">female</specimenType>
; lifeStage:
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">adult</specimenType>
; preparations:
<collectingCounty>Pinned</collectingCounty>
, with genitalia in glycerine in separate microvial;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">
<collectingMunicipality>Location</collectingMunicipality>
:
</emphasis>
country:
<collectingCountry name="South Africa" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">South Africa</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince:
<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
; municipality:
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; locality:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BFAFEB6DB3FE581DB2EA70BDA14663C9:942F4C692C63FA62735764CABC29F7D6" country="South Africa" county="Pinned" latitude="-29.3169" longitude="30.2514" municipality="Location" name="Karkloof Nat. Res." pageId="0" pageNumber="67134" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Karkloof Nat. Res.</location>
; verbatimElevation:
<elevation pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.325" unit="m" value="1325.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.325" unit="m" value="1325.0">1325 m</elevation>
</quantity>
</elevation>
; decimalLatitude:
<geoCoordinate orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134" value="-29.3169">-29.3169</geoCoordinate>
; decimalLongitude:
<geoCoordinate orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134" value="30.2514">30.2514</geoCoordinate>
;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BFAFEB6DB3FE581DB2EA70BDA14663C9:17AFAB7BAFF54FA3D81327A2D0D0A9A9" country="South Africa" county="Pinned" latitude="-29.3169" longitude="30.2514" municipality="Location" name="Event" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Event</location>
:
</emphasis>
samplingProtocol:
<collectingMethod pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
; eventDate:
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="67134" value="2005-08-27">2005-08-27</collectingDate>
; habitat: mistbelt forest;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Record Level:</emphasis>
institutionCode: TMU
</materialsCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="67134" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Description</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">
Male: Body length 3.5 mm. Wing length 2.7 mm.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Colouration</emphasis>
(Dry specimen). Head and face dark brown; clypeus, labellum and palpus brown. Antenna with scape and pedicel yellow; flagellum brown. Thorax with scutum brown; lateral sclerites pale brown; propleura yellow; halteres whitish-yellow. Legs whitish-yellow. Abdomen dark brown, tergites II-IV with a lateroventral yellow area. Terminalia pale brown.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Head</emphasis>
. Frons and vertex covered with short, brown setae. Clypeus covered with dense thin pale setae. Antennae elongate, 2.3 times as long as length from vertex to ventral margin of clypeus; flagellomeres slightly longer than broad, with sixth flagellomere 1.1 times as long as wide.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Thorax</emphasis>
. Scutum covered with short, brown setae.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Legs</emphasis>
. Fore leg with tibia and first tarsomere equally long. Mid-tibia with 20 anterior, 4 posterodorsal, 7 posterior and 3 posteroventral bristles. Hind tibia with 8 anterodorsal, 6 posterodorsal and 4 posterior bristles.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Wings</emphasis>
. Vein r-m 2.1 times longer than stem of M-fork.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Tergites covered with pale brown setae.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Terminalia</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407496" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">29</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407501" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">a</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407502" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">b</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407503" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">c</figureCitation>
). Each part of divided tergite IX apically with about 3 setae, most apical seta stout. Gonocoxites with setae on apicoventral margin elongate, reaching as far as, or beyond GL apex (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407496" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">29</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407501" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">a</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407502" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">b</figureCitation>
). GL apex with 2 setae (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407496" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">29</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407501" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">a</figureCitation>
). Aedaegal guides round (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407496" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">29</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407501" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">a</figureCitation>
). Hypandrium covered with about 9 setae, with apical pair elongate, reaching beyond GL apex (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407496" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">29</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407501" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">a</figureCitation>
). Hypandrial lobe with each branch wide medially, with narrow rounded apex (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407496" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">29</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407501" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">a</figureCitation>
). Gonostylus (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407496" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">29</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407503" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">c</figureCitation>
) with DB about 2.8 times longer than broad; apico-internal corner forming tapering acute apex extended apico-interiorly; apico-exterior corner right-angled, rounded; apical margin emarginate; dorsal side evenly covered with setae, except on most apical parts; VB oblong, with 2 small setae. IB apically rounded, apical part with 3 setae close to the apex. MB evenly tapered towards acute apex; bare.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">
Female: Body length 3 mm. Wing length 2.5 mm.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Colouration</emphasis>
(Dry specimen). Head with vertex dark brown; face and clypeus brown; labellum and palpus yellow. Antenna with scape and pedicel yellow; flagellum brown, basal part of first segment yellow. Thorax with scutum brown; lateral sclerites brown to pale brown; propleura yellow; halteres whitish-yellow. Legs whitish-yellow. Abdomen dark brown, tergites II-VI with lateral yellow areas. Terminalia brown.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Head</emphasis>
. Frons and vertex and clypeus covered with brown setae. Antenna 1.7 times as long as length from vertex to ventral margin of clypeus; flagellomeres quadrate, with sixth flagellomere as long as broad.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Thorax</emphasis>
. Scutum covered with short dark brown setae.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Legs</emphasis>
. Mid-tibia with 22 anterior, 5 posterodorsal, 5 posterior and 2 posteroventral bristles. Hind tibia with 8 anterodorsal, 5 posterodorsal and 4 posterior bristles.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Wings</emphasis>
. Vein r-m 2.5 times longer than stem of M-fork.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Tergites covered with brown setae.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Terminalia</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407496" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">29</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407504" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">d</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407505" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">e</figureCitation>
). Cerci with apical segment length about 0.5 of basal segment length. Tergite VIII with apicolateral margin slightly angular. Sternite VII with apicoventral margin evenly rounded. Sternite VIII (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407496" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">29</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407504" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">d</figureCitation>
) with hypogynal valves separated by a cleft with depth about one-fifth of Sternite VIII length; apical setae about 0.7 of sternite VIII length. Gonapophysis IX (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407496" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">29</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407505" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">e</figureCitation>
) basolaterally expanding in abrupt almost right angle; spermathecal eminence distinctly trilobed with lateral branches curved distally.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="67134" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Diagnosis</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">
Distinguished from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Araceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. sambai" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sambai">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">E. sambai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Araceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. ashleyi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ashleyi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">E. ashleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having the dorsal gonostylus branch 2.8 times longer than broad, with apico-internal corner acuminate and apico-external corner right-angled (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407496" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">29</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407503" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">c</figureCitation>
); from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Araceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. burundiensis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burundiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">E. burundiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having the dorsal gonostylus branch apically emarginate (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407496" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">29</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407503" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">c</figureCitation>
) and the gonocoxal lobes with apical setae not splaying (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407496" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">29</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407501" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">a</figureCitation>
); from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Araceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. afroparva" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afroparva">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">E. afroparva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having the gonocoxal lobes with parallel ventral margins (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407496" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">29</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407501" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">a</figureCitation>
); from other species in the
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Araceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. parva" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parva">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">E. parva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group in having the internal branch with 3 setae close to the apex (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407496" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">29</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStartId="F6407503" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">c</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="67134" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Etymology</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">
From Latin
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">penicillus</emphasis>
, paint brush, relating to the shape and placement of setae on the internal lobe of the gonostylus, resembling a brush.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="67134" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">
Afrotropical, South Africa (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F6415645" captionText="Figure 4. Distribution map of species in the E. parva group occurring in the Afrotropical Region, based on localities from studied material, type material and DNA barcoded material. Different species are represented by individual colours. Altitudes are indicated in shades from grey (lowland) to white (mountains)." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.9.e67134.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/518386" pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">4</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="67134" type="biology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Biology</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67134">Collected in mist-belt forest (1325 m a.s.l.).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>