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<document id="C28715F4C74C10E25018977C8AB07041" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.522.3.10" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5560355" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1633932917611" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dubuisson, Jean-Yves &amp; Hennequin, Sabine" docDate="2021" docId="03FEE04CFF8EFFA24A992FB1FD3DFF0D" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.522.3.10.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 522 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.522.3.10" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Hymenophyllum mildbraedii Alston 1944" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="263" masterDocId="FFC79834FF8EFFA34A112A62FF88FFD6" masterDocTitle="Correction for the taxonomy of the African fern Hymenophyllum senterreanum as synonym of the newly validated Hymenophyllum mildbraedii (Hymenophyllaceae, Polypodiidae)" masterLastPageNumber="264" masterPageNumber="263" pageNumber="263" updateTime="1731934877411" updateUser="guilherme" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="78E44E5A8F89FE9C0EDB96978442E068" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="8FE338B98A433D05089CC670C25231CF">
<mods:title id="3F0EF6CF64AE0CC07538772E806005DC">Correction for the taxonomy of the African fern Hymenophyllum senterreanum as synonym of the newly validated Hymenophyllum mildbraedii (Hymenophyllaceae, Polypodiidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="23A9CA7375FB05851D1B5EB6F2797ED6" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="442F8FB3C761C22E1F6149081BC3E748">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="7C4E321AB931C4985549F582506CD61F">Dubuisson, Jean-Yves</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1A94115E5342427EA3AA1BBC57B0AEA4" type="ORCID">0000-0002-3050-1901</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="D3F1972ADF2E12087A6DBBF54A4D1D57">Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, MNHN, CNRS, EPHE, Université des Antilles, CP 48, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France &amp; dubuisson @ mnhn. fr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3050 - 1901</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="704E548B5F342D3745D311ED063AA731" type="email">dubuisson@mnhn.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name id="EB3C71CB908D4CD6ABEB39FAEAA35878" type="personal">
<mods:role id="AF3295CFC410ABFDA44A5844CA369583">
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<mods:namePart id="28E5A8EBE7016BEB25A46064B199B53D">Hennequin, Sabine</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="35C9F3C3832AB20EA1445150BBE4287D" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9604-0116</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6ACDDDD9562C3C379DEE2BFE26843818">Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, MNHN, CNRS, EPHE, Université des Antilles, CP 48, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France &amp; sabine. hennequin @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9604 - 0116</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="28178C6C66C9D5269168252C3A56E004" type="email">sabine.hennequin@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="A36A8C4715E2D3D128B5C0888629D832">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="02F37CF0CA65EAFFEE9F20BACA7EBF1B">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="7CB48969E0BA109518AF5BEDCF03AE84">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B0EBED1B4762483BB5AC025DB96A1406">522</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="92280F260DB72DA0007EC44AE36A4DCC">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="93B6364B172E4F9F12663BE75203EF0A" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FEE04CFF8EFFA24A992FB1FD3DFF0D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FEE04CFF8EFFA24A992FB1FD3DFF0D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FEE04CFF8EFFA24A992FB1FD3DFF0D" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="263" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">
<subSubSection id="C34D02D1FF8EFFA34A992FB1FCF1FA3C" box="[136,889,1491,1514]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE8515AFF8EFFA34A992FB1FCF1FA3C" blockId="0.[136,1452,1452,1802]" box="[136,889,1491,1514]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">
<taxonomicName id="4C572AD9FF8EFFA34A992FB1FCF1FA3C" ID-CoL="3NKJ8" authority="(Brause ex Brause &amp; Hieron.) Alston (1944: 60)" authorityName="Alston" authorityPageNumber="60" authorityYear="1944" baseAuthorityName="Brause ex Brause &amp; Hieron." box="[136,889,1491,1514]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Hymenophyllaceae" genus="Hymenophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Hymenophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mildbraedii">
<emphasis id="B9238D48FF8EFFA34A992FB1FE2CFA3F" bold="true" box="[136,420,1491,1513]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">Hymenophyllum mildbraedii</emphasis>
(Brause ex Brause &amp; Hieron.)
<bibRefCitation id="EFC62CABFF8EFFA348DE2FB6FCF1FA3C" author="Alston, A. H. G." box="[719,889,1492,1514]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" pagination="57 - 99" refId="ref1004" refString="Alston, A. H. G. (1944) Pteridophyta. In: Exell, A. W. (Ed.) Catalogue of the vascular plants of Sao Tome (with Principe and Annobon). British Museum, London, pp. 57 - 99." type="book chapter" year="1944">Alston (1944: 60)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C34D02D1FF8EFFA34A992F9AFE5BF9E4" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BE8515AFF8EFFA34A992F9AFE5BF9E4" blockId="0.[136,1452,1452,1802]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">
<taxonomicName id="4C572AD9FF8EFFA34A992F9AFD1BF9D8" authority="Brause ex Brause &amp; Hieron." authorityName="Brause &amp; Hieron." box="[136,659,1528,1550]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Hymenophyllaceae" genus="Trichomanes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Hymenophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mildbraedii">
<emphasis id="B9238D48FF8EFFA34A992F9AFEF3F9DB" box="[136,379,1528,1549]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">Trichomanes mildbraedii</emphasis>
Brause ex Brause &amp; Hieron.
</taxonomicName>
(1915: 376, 377). ≡
<taxonomicName id="4C572AD9FF8EFFA3494A2F9AFE47F9E4" authority="(Brause ex Brause &amp; Hieron.) Schelpe (1976: 54)" authorityName="Schelpe" authorityPageNumber="54" authorityYear="1976" baseAuthorityName="Brause &amp; Hieron." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Hymenophyllaceae" genus="Hymenophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Hymenophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="kuhnii" variety="mildbraedii">
<emphasis id="B9238D48FF8EFFA3494A2F9AFBB3F9DB" box="[859,1083,1528,1549]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">Hymenophyllum kuhnii</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B9238D48FF8EFFA34E7A2F9AFB53F9DB" box="[1131,1243,1528,1549]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">mildbraedii</emphasis>
(Brause ex Brause &amp; Hieron.)
<bibRefCitation id="EFC62CABFF8EFFA34B042C7EFE47F9E4" author="Schelpe, E. A. C. L. E." box="[277,463,1564,1586]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" pagination="53 - 54" refId="ref1198" refString="Schelpe, E. A. C. L. E. (1976) New Angolan fern taxa. Garcia de Orta, Serie de Botanica 3: 53 - 54." type="journal article" year="1976">Schelpe (1976: 54)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D02D1FF8EFFA34BC82C7EFD99F9AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE8515AFF8EFFA34BC82C7EFD99F9AC" blockId="0.[136,1452,1452,1802]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8CCB20FF8EFFA34BC82C7EFD81F9E7" box="[473,521,1564,1585]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">Type</collectingMunicipality>
:—
<materialsCitation id="3B3F5B07FF8EFFA348322C7EFAD8F980" collectingDate="1911-10" collectionCode="B" collectorName="J. Mildbraed" country="Equatorial Guinea" location="Gipfel der Santa Mina" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" specimenCode="B 20 0105317" specimenCount="650" specimenCount-male="650" stateProvince="Annobon Island" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="F34011CAFF8EFFA348322C7EFCABF9E7" box="[547,803,1564,1585]" name="Equatorial Guinea" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">EQUATORIAL GUINEA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49939FB8FF8EFFA3493A2C7EFC40F9E4" box="[811,968,1564,1586]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">Annobon Island</collectingRegion>
, «
<location id="8E880781FF8EFFA349CF2C7EFB31F9E4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FEE04CFF8EFFA24A992FB1FD3DFF0D:8E880781FF8EFFA349CF2C7EFB31F9E4" box="[990,1209,1564,1586]" country="Equatorial Guinea" name="Gipfel der Santa Mina" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" stateProvince="Annobon Island">
Gipfel der Santa
<taxonomicName id="4C572AD9FF8EFFA34E952C7EFAA5F9E4" authority=", Nebelwald" authorityName="Nebelwald" box="[1156,1325,1564,1586]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Mina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
Mina,
<location id="8E880781FF8EFFA34ED22C7EFAA5F9E4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FEE04CFF8EFFA24A992FB1FD3DFF0D:8E880781FF8EFFA34ED22C7EFAA5F9E4" box="[1219,1325,1564,1586]" country="Equatorial Guinea" name="Nebelwald" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" stateProvince="Annobon Island">Nebelwald</location>
</taxonomicName>
</location>
, die grössere Art unförmliche Polster an Zweigen bildend,
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.
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ü. M.»,
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<collectingDate id="EFAD8E72FF8EFFA349102C22FC0DF983" box="[769,901,1600,1622]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" value="1911-10">October 1911</collectingDate>
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,
<emphasis id="B9238D48FF8EFFA3499F2C22FBB7F983" box="[910,1087,1600,1621]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">
<collectorName id="26A2348CFF8EFFA3499F2C22FB81F983" box="[910,1033,1600,1621]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">J. Mildbraed</collectorName>
6701
</emphasis>
(
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,
<specimenCode id="DBF1F921FF8EFFA34ED32C22FAD8F980" box="[1218,1360,1600,1622]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">B 20 0105317</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
!;
<materialsCitation id="3B3F5B07FF8EFFA34F4C2C22FEE1F9AC" collectingDate="1911-10" collectionCode="B" collectorName="J. Mildbraed" country="Equatorial Guinea" location="Gipfel der Santa Mina" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" specimenCode="B 20 0105318" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="650" stateProvince="Annobon Island" typeStatus="isotypes">
<typeStatus id="54ECEFF8FF8EFFA34F4C2C22FA24F980" box="[1373,1452,1600,1622]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">isotypes</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="ED46C99FFF8EFFA34AAC2C06FF47F9AF" box="[189,207,1636,1657]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">B</collectionCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DBF1F921FF8EFFA34AC82C06FEE1F9AC" box="[217,361,1636,1658]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">B 20 0105318</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
!;
<materialsCitation id="3B3F5B07FF8EFFA34B672C06FD8FF9AC" box="[374,519,1636,1658]" collectingDate="1911-10" collectionCode="P" collectorName="J. Mildbraed" country="Equatorial Guinea" location="Gipfel der Santa Mina" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" specimenCode="P00482605" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="650" stateProvince="Annobon Island" typeStatus="isotypes">
<collectionCode id="ED46C99FFF8EFFA34B672C06FE0BF9AF" box="[374,387,1636,1657]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">P</collectionCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DBF1F921FF8EFFA34B9C2C06FD8CF9AC" box="[397,516,1636,1658]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">P00482605</specimenCode>
!
</materialsCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D02D1FF8EFFA34A992CEAFF7BF8DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BE8515AFF8EFFA34A992CEAFF7BF8DC" blockId="0.[136,1452,1452,1802]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">
<emphasis id="B9238D48FF8EFFA34A992CEAFF10F94B" box="[136,152,1672,1693]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">=</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C572AD9FF8EFFA34AB32CEAFD4BF948" authority="Dubuisson &amp; Deblauwe" authorityName="Dubuisson &amp; Deblauwe" box="[162,707,1672,1694]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Hymenophyllaceae" genus="Hymenophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Hymenophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="senterreanum">
<emphasis id="B9238D48FF8EFFA34AB32CEAFE44F94B" box="[162,460,1672,1693]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">Hymenophyllum senterreanum</emphasis>
Dubuisson &amp; Deblauwe
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="EFC62CABFF8EFFA348F82CEAFB8DF94B" author="Dubuisson, J. - Y. &amp; Hennequin, S. &amp; Droissart, V &amp; Deblauwe, V." box="[745,1029,1672,1694]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" pagination="287 - 294" refId="ref1105" refString="Dubuisson, J. - Y., Hennequin, S., Droissart, V &amp; Deblauwe, V. (2016) Hymenophyllum senterreanum Dubuisson &amp; Deblauwe, sp. nov. (Hymenophyllaceae) and its relatives in western Central Africa. Phytotaxa 257: 287 - 294. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 257.3.7" type="journal article" year="2016">
Dubuisson
<emphasis id="B9238D48FF8EFFA349482CEAFC06F94B" box="[857,910,1672,1693]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">et al.</emphasis>
(2016: 288
</bibRefCitation>
, 289). Type:—
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.
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<location id="8E880781FF8EFFA34F252CEAFF6EF914" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FEE04CFF8EFFA24A992FB1FD3DFF0D:8E880781FF8EFFA34F252CEAFF6EF914" country="Cameroon" county="Nyabissan" latitude="2.4931667" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="10.347333" municipality="d'Ebianemeyong" name="Province du Sud" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">Province du Sud</location>
</collectorName>
:
<location id="8E880781FF8EFFA34AE12CCEFEFDF914" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FEE04CFF8EFFA24A992FB1FD3DFF0D:8E880781FF8EFFA34AE12CCEFEFDF914" box="[240,373,1708,1730]" country="Cameroon" county="Nyabissan" latitude="2.4931667" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="10.347333" municipality="d'Ebianemeyong" name="Parc National" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">Parc National</location>
de Campo-Ma’an, aux environs des villages
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8CCB20FF8EFFA3493F2CCEFC5AF914" box="[814,978,1708,1730]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">d’Ebianemeyong</collectingMunicipality>
et
<collectingCounty id="628929D6FF8EFFA349E02CCEFBDFF914" box="[1009,1111,1708,1730]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">Nyabissan</collectingCounty>
,
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,
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,
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,
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<collectingDate id="EFAD8E72FF8EFFA34AAC2CB2FEE4F930" box="[189,364,1744,1766]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" value="2015-02-12">12 February 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9238D48FF8EFFA34B662CB2FCBDF933" box="[375,821,1744,1765]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">
<collectorName id="26A2348CFF8EFFA34B662CB2FE66F933" box="[375,494,1744,1765]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">Droissart V.</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26A2348CFF8EFFA34BE62CB2FDE4F933" box="[503,620,1744,1765]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">Couvreur T.</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26A2348CFF8EFFA3489D2CB2FD77F933" box="[652,767,1744,1765]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">Kamdem N.</collectorName>
1836
</emphasis>
(
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BRLU, BRLU0000909!; isotypes YA; P, P02434677!; MO).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D02D1FF8EFFA24A992D58FD3DFF0D" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="264" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BE8515AFF8EFFA24A992D58FD3DFF0D" blockId="0.[136,1452,1850,2090]" lastBlockId="1.[136,1452,159,219]" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="264" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">
<emphasis id="B9238D48FF8EFFA34A992D58FE9BF884" bold="true" box="[136,275,1850,1874]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">Distribution</emphasis>
:—
<taxonomicName id="4C572AD9FF8EFFA34B242D58FDF5F884" box="[309,637,1850,1874]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Hymenophyllaceae" genus="Hymenophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Hymenophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="senterreanum">
<emphasis id="B9238D48FF8EFFA34B242D58FDF5F884" box="[309,637,1850,1874]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">Hymenophyllum senterreanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was considered endemic to the coastal part of the Lower
<collectingCountry id="F34011CAFF8EFFA34EF52D58FAB9F884" box="[1252,1329,1850,1874]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">Guinea</collectingCountry>
Domain of the Guineo-Congolian Region
<emphasis id="B9238D48FF8EFFA34BC42D3DFD98F8A0" box="[469,528,1887,1910]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC62CABFF8EFFA348092D3CFD22F8A0" author="White, F." box="[536,682,1886,1910]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" pagination="11 - 55" refId="ref1346" refString="White, F. (1979) The Guineo-Congolian region and its relationships to other phytochoria. Bulletin du Jardin botanique national de Belgique 49: 11 - 55. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3667815" type="journal article" year="1979">White (1979)</bibRefCitation>
, and at least restricted to
<collectingCountry id="F34011CAFF8EFFA349D32D3CFBB9F8A0" box="[962,1073,1886,1910]" name="Cameroon" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
and continental
<collectingCountry id="F34011CAFF8EFFA34EF62D3CFA23F8A0" box="[1255,1451,1886,1910]" name="Equatorial Guinea" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">Equatorial Guinea</collectingCountry>
according to
<bibRefCitation id="EFC62CABFF8EFFA34B072DE0FD91F84C" author="Dubuisson, J. - Y. &amp; Hennequin, S. &amp; Droissart, V &amp; Deblauwe, V." box="[278,537,1922,1946]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" pagination="287 - 294" refId="ref1105" refString="Dubuisson, J. - Y., Hennequin, S., Droissart, V &amp; Deblauwe, V. (2016) Hymenophyllum senterreanum Dubuisson &amp; Deblauwe, sp. nov. (Hymenophyllaceae) and its relatives in western Central Africa. Phytotaxa 257: 287 - 294. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 257.3.7" type="journal article" year="2016">
Dubuisson
<emphasis id="B9238D48FF8EFFA34B812DE1FE4FF84C" box="[400,455,1922,1946]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">et al.</emphasis>
(2016)
</bibRefCitation>
. Its presence in neighboring countries including islands of the
<collectingCountry id="F34011CAFF8EFFA34ED02DE0FA86F84C" box="[1217,1294,1922,1946]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">Guinea</collectingCountry>
Gulf was also suspected and suggested in the latter paper.
<taxonomicName id="4C572AD9FF8EFFA348442DC4FC0DF868" authorityName="Alston" authorityYear="1944" baseAuthorityName="Brause ex Brause &amp; Hieron." box="[597,901,1958,1982]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Hymenophyllaceae" genus="Hymenophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Hymenophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mildbraedii">
<emphasis id="B9238D48FF8EFFA348442DC4FC0DF868" box="[597,901,1958,1982]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">Hymenophyllum mildbraedii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was collected on
<collectingCountry id="F34011CAFF8EFFA34E512DC4FB2BF868" box="[1088,1187,1958,1982]" name="Equatorial Guinea" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">Annobon</collectingCountry>
island. Its occurrence on other islands of the
<collectingCountry id="F34011CAFF8EFFA34B442DA8FE2AF834" box="[341,418,1994,2018]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">Guinea</collectingCountry>
Gulf (e.g. Bioko,
<collectingCountry id="F34011CAFF8EFFA348712DA8FCDDF834" box="[608,853,1994,2018]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">Princípe and São Tomé</collectingCountry>
) is thus strongly expected, as well as its presence in local collections either as unidentified specimens or under the names
<taxonomicName id="4C572AD9FF8EFFA3492D2D8DFC29F7D0" authorityName="C. Chr. (Christensen" authorityYear="1905" box="[828,929,2030,2054]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Hymenophyllaceae" genus="Hymenophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Hymenophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kuhnii">
<emphasis id="B9238D48FF8EFFA3492D2D8DFC29F7D0" box="[828,929,2030,2054]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">H. kuhnii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="4C572AD9FF8EFFA349D62D8DFA20F7D0" authority="(Sw.) Sw. (Swartz 1800: 102)" authorityName="Sw. (Swartz" authorityYear="1800" box="[967,1448,2030,2054]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Hymenophyllaceae" genus="Hymenophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Hymenophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polyanthos">
<emphasis id="B9238D48FF8EFFA349D62D8DFBD5F7D0" box="[967,1117,2030,2054]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">H. polyanthos</emphasis>
(Sw.) Sw. (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC62CABFF8EFFA34ECD2D8CFA28F7D0" author="Swartz, O. P." box="[1244,1440,2030,2054]" pageId="0" pageNumber="263" pagination="1 - 136" refId="ref1262" refString="Swartz, O. P. (1800) Genera et species filicum ordine systematico redactarum. Journal fur die Botanik 1800 (2): 1 - 136, t. 1, 2." type="journal article" year="1800">Swartz 1800: 102</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Investigations of the Paris collection allowed us to identify at least 13 additional specimens including two from
<collectingCountry id="F34011CAFF8EFFA34F592270FA23F7FC" box="[1352,1451,2066,2090]" name="Equatorial Guinea" pageId="0" pageNumber="263">Annobon</collectingCountry>
(P01320810, P01320811) and three from
<collectingCountry id="F34011CAFF8FFFA248572AFDFD05FF61" box="[582,653,159,183]" name="Gabon" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">Gabon</collectingCountry>
(P01330128, P01330129, P01330130), a new locality, confirming a wider distribution as suggested in
<bibRefCitation id="EFC62CABFF8FFFA24BA32AA1FD39FF0D" author="Dubuisson, J. - Y. &amp; Hennequin, S. &amp; Droissart, V &amp; Deblauwe, V." box="[434,689,195,219]" pageId="1" pageNumber="264" pagination="287 - 294" refId="ref1105" refString="Dubuisson, J. - Y., Hennequin, S., Droissart, V &amp; Deblauwe, V. (2016) Hymenophyllum senterreanum Dubuisson &amp; Deblauwe, sp. nov. (Hymenophyllaceae) and its relatives in western Central Africa. Phytotaxa 257: 287 - 294. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 257.3.7" type="journal article" year="2016">
Dubuisson
<emphasis id="B9238D48FF8FFFA2483A2AA6FDE8FF0D" box="[555,608,195,219]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="264">et al.</emphasis>
(2016)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF82FF85FCA6F928B59BF94B" blockId="96.[136,1452,1670,2020]" box="[136,456,1670,1696]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
23.
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF82FF85FC9CF928B59BF94B" ID-CoL="8WLDS" ID-ENA="1068976" authority="Raf., Fl. Tellur." authorityName="Raf., Fl. Tellur." box="[178,456,1670,1696]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF82FF85FC9CF928B54BF94B" bold="true" box="[178,280,1670,1696]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Tenicroa</emphasis>
Raf., Fl. Tellur.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FC87BFE6FF82FF85FDE0F928B023F80F" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF82FF85FDE0F928B7AAF92F" blockId="96.[136,1452,1670,2020]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
3: 52 (1837) (
<figureCitation id="2CA6F0E8FF82FF85FE48F928B6BAF94A" box="[614,745,1670,1697]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 56" captionStart-1="FIGURE 57" captionStart-2="FIGURE 58" captionStart-3="FIGURE 59" captionStartId-0="97.[136,229,1903,1925]" captionStartId-1="98.[136,229,1955,1977]" captionStartId-2="99.[136,229,1506,1528]" captionStartId-3="100.[136,229,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox-0="[136,1376,191,1892]" captionTargetBox-1="[298,1274,199,1919]" captionTargetBox-2="[155,1430,199,1475]" captionTargetBox-3="[156,1433,325,1922]" captionTargetId-0="figure-19@97.[295,1292,191,1877]" captionTargetId-1="figure-21@98.[292,1293,193,1931]" captionTargetId-2="figure-19@99.[150,1435,193,1482]" captionTargetId-3="figure-87@100.[150,1435,320,1923]" captionTargetPageId-0="97" captionTargetPageId-1="98" captionTargetPageId-2="99" captionTargetPageId-3="100" captionText-0="FIGURE 56. Species of Tenicroa Raf. 1. Tenicroa fragrans (Jacq.) Raf. from Jacquin (1797: t. 86, as Anthericum fragrans Jacq.); 2. Tenicroa exuviata (Jacq.) Speta from Jacquin (1794: t. 415, as Anthericum exuviatum Jacq.); 3. Tenicroa filifolia (Jacq.) Oberm. from Jacquin (1794: t. 414, as Anthericum filifolium Jacq.); 4. Tenicroa filifolia (Jacq.) Oberm. from Ker Gawler (1821: t. 557, as Albuca filifolia (Jacq.) Ker Gawl.)." captionText-1="FIGURE 57. Species of Tenicroa Raf. 1. Tenicroa exuviata (Jacq.) Speta from Ker Gawler (1805: t. 871, as Albuca exuviata (Jacq.) Ker Gawl.); 2. Tenicroa fragrans (Jacq.) Raf. from Ker Gawler (1818: t. 311, as Albuca fugax Ker Gawl.); 3. Tenicroa multifolia (G.J.Lewis) Oberm. from Lewis (1952: 10, as Urginea multifolia G.J.Lewis)." captionText-2="FIGURE 58. Species of Tenicroa Raf. displayed in horizontal rows of images. 1. Tenicroa applanata M.Pinter et al.; 2. Tenicroa exuviata (Jacq.) Speta; 3. Tenicroa fibrosa M.Pinter et al.; 4. Tenicroa filifolia (Jacq.) Oberm." captionText-3="FIGURE 59. Species of Tenicroa Raf. displayed in horizontal rows of images. 1. Tenicroa fragrans (Jacq.) Raf.; 2. Tenicroa multifolia (G.J.Lewis) Oberm.; 3. Tenicroa namibensis M.Pinter et al. (Photographs of bulb with leaf by H. Kolberg and in flower by A. Burke); 4. Tenicroa polyantha M.Pinter et al.; 5. Tenicroa unifolia (A.V.Duthie) M.Pinter et al." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8326521" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8308675" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8308677" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8308679" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8326521/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8308675/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/8308677/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/8308679/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Figs 56–59</figureCitation>
). Typus generis:—
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF82FF85FF95F929B15FF94B" ID-CoL="7C2GP" authority="(Jacq.) Raf." authorityName="Raf." baseAuthorityName="Jacq." box="[955,1292,1670,1696]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fragrans">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF82FF85FF95F929B0D0F94B" box="[955,1155,1670,1696]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Tenicroa fragrans</emphasis>
(Jacq.) Raf.
</taxonomicName>
≡
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF82FF85F907F928B57AF92E" ID-CoL="67B84" authority="Jacq." authorityName="Jacq." class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Anthericum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fragrans">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF82FF85F907F928B4BBF92F" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Anthericum fragrans</emphasis>
Jacq.
</taxonomicName>
≡
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF82FF85FD68F905B725F92F" ID-CoL="6DL9Q" authority="(Jacq.) J. C. Manning &amp; Goldblatt" authorityName="J. C. Manning &amp; Goldblatt" baseAuthorityName="Jacq." box="[326,886,1706,1732]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Drimia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fragrans">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF82FF85FD68F905B5ADF92F" box="[326,510,1706,1732]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Drimia fragrans</emphasis>
(Jacq.) J.C.Manning &amp; Goldblatt
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="6B2652CFFF82FF85FFABF904B7BDF92F" box="[901,1006,1706,1732]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF82FF85FCA6F97CB736F8E7" blockId="96.[136,1452,1670,2020]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
=
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF82FF85FCB2F97CB52FF903" ID-CoL="8WJTJ" authority="Raf., Fl. Tellur." authorityName="Raf., Fl. Tellur." box="[156,380,1746,1768]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Pilasia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF82FF85FCB2F97CB4B3F90C" box="[156,224,1746,1767]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Pilasia</emphasis>
Raf., Fl. Tellur.
</taxonomicName>
3: 53 (1837). Typus generis:—
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF82FF85FE85F97CB7D2F903" ID-CoL="7DSG6" authority="(Jacq.) Raf." authorityName="Raf." baseAuthorityName="Jacq." box="[683,897,1746,1768]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Urginea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filifolia">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF82FF85FE85F97CB759F90C" box="[683,778,1746,1767]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">P. filifolia</emphasis>
(Jacq.) Raf.
</taxonomicName>
≡
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF82FF85FFB5F97CB0F1F90C" ID-CoL="67B7N" authority="Jacq." authorityName="Jacq." box="[923,1186,1746,1767]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Anthericum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filifolium">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF82FF85FFB5F97CB039F90C" box="[923,1130,1746,1767]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Anthericum filifolium</emphasis>
Jacq.
</taxonomicName>
≡
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF82FF85F8EDF97CB554F8E7" ID-CoL="7BQGP" authority="(Jacq.) Oberm." authorityName="Obermeyer" authorityYear="1981" baseAuthorityName="Jacquin" baseAuthorityYear="1794" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filifolia">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF82FF85F8EDF97CB137F90C" box="[1219,1380,1746,1767]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Tenicroa filifolia</emphasis>
(Jacq.) Oberm.
</taxonomicName>
≡
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF82FF85FD0EF958B6A7F8E7" ID-CoL="7DSG6" authority="(Jacq.) J. C. Manning &amp; Goldblatt" authorityName="J. C. Manning &amp; Goldblatt" baseAuthorityName="Jacq." box="[288,756,1782,1804]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Drimia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filifolia">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF82FF85FD0EF958B5E1F8E0" box="[288,434,1782,1803]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Drimia filifolia</emphasis>
(Jacq.) J.C.Manning &amp; Goldblatt
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="6B2652CFFF82FF85FF2EF958B709F8E7" box="[768,858,1782,1804]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF82FF85FCA6F8B4B61CF870" blockId="96.[136,1452,1670,2020]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="948DCB43FF82FF85FCA6F8B4B61CF870" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
=
<treatmentCitation id="353CCA7CFF82FF85FCB3F8B4B6DBF8DB" author="Sypharissa Salisb." box="[157,648,1818,1840]" page="37" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" score="0.1275636869814907" volumeTitle="Gen. Pl. [Salisbury]" year="1866">
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF82FF85FCB3F8B4B5F8F8DB" ID-CoL="8WLB4" authority="Salisb., Gen. Pl." authorityName="Salisb., Gen. Pl." box="[157,427,1818,1840]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Sypharissa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF82FF85FCB3F8B4B555F8C4" box="[157,262,1818,1839]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Sypharissa</emphasis>
Salisb., Gen. Pl.
</taxonomicName>
[Salisbury]: 37 (1866)
</treatmentCitation>
≡
<treatmentCitation id="353CCA7CFF82FF85FE8AF8B4B1C4F8C4" author="Baker" box="[676,1431,1818,1840]" journal="J. Linn. Soc., Bot." page="216" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" score="21.385408720746693" volume="13" year="1873">
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF82FF85FE8AF8B4B07EF8DB" authority="(Salisb.) Baker" authorityName="Baker" baseAuthorityName="Salisb." box="[676,1069,1818,1840]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Urginea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Sypharissa">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF82FF85FE8AF8B4B6A0F8C4" box="[676,755,1818,1839]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Urginea</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF82FF85FF02F8B4B7C6F8C4" box="[812,917,1818,1839]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Sypharissa</emphasis>
(Salisb.) Baker
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibCitation id="61B7E401FF82FF85F860F8B4B1C4F8C4" box="[1102,1431,1818,1840]" journal="J. Linn. Soc., Bot." page="216" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" score="21.385408720746693" volume="13" year="1873">J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 13: 216 (1873)</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
≡
<treatmentCitation id="353CCA7CFF82FF85FC93F890B056F8B8" author="J. C. Manning &amp; Goldblatt" box="[189,1029,1854,1876]" journal="Strelitzia" page="111" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" score="9.729594737742866" volume="40" year="2018">
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF82FF85FC93F890B6ABF8BF" authority="(Salisb.) J. C. Manning &amp; Goldblatt" authorityName="J. C. Manning &amp; Goldblatt" baseAuthorityName="Salisb." box="[189,760,1854,1876]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Drimia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Sypharissa">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF82FF85FC93F890B551F8B8" box="[189,258,1854,1875]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Drimia</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF82FF85FD15F890B5F7F8B8" box="[315,420,1854,1875]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Sypharissa</emphasis>
(Salisb.) J.C.Manning &amp; Goldblatt
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibCitation id="61B7E401FF82FF85FF36F890B056F8B8" box="[792,1029,1854,1876]" journal="Strelitzia" page="111" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" score="9.729594737742866" volume="40" year="2018">Strelitzia 40: 111 (2018)</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. Typus generis:—
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF82FF85F89DF890B577F893" ID-CoL="7C2GB" authority="(Jacq.) Salisb. ex Oberm." authorityName="Oberm." baseAuthorityName="Jacq." class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="exuviata">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF82FF85F89DF890B14EF8B8" box="[1203,1309,1854,1875]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">S. exuviata</emphasis>
(Jacq.) Salisb. ex Oberm.
</taxonomicName>
≡
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF82FF85FD13F8CCB61DF89C" ID-CoL="67B7P" authority="Jacq." authorityName="Jacq." box="[317,590,1890,1911]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Anthericum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="exuviatum">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF82FF85FD13F8CCB645F89C" box="[317,534,1890,1911]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Anthericum exuviatum</emphasis>
Jacq.
</taxonomicName>
≡
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF82FF85FE49F8CCB7C6F89C" ID-CoL="7C2GB" authority="(Jacq.) Speta" authorityName="Speta" authorityYear="1980" baseAuthorityName="Jacquin" baseAuthorityYear="1794" box="[615,917,1890,1911]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="exuviata">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF82FF85FE49F8CCB741F89C" box="[615,786,1890,1911]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Tenicroa exuviata</emphasis>
(Jacq.) Speta
</taxonomicName>
≡
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF82FF85FF81F8CCB08BF89C" ID-CoL="37P47" authority="(Jacq.) Jessop" authorityName="Jessop" baseAuthorityName="Jacq." box="[943,1240,1890,1911]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Drimia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="exuviata">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF82FF85FF81F8CCB01FF89C" box="[943,1100,1890,1911]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Drimia exuviata</emphasis>
(Jacq.) Jessop
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="6B2652CFFF82FF85F8CBF8CCB16CF893" box="[1253,1343,1890,1912]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
designated by
<treatmentCitation id="353CCA7CFF82FF85FCF5F828B617F870" author="Obermeyer" box="[219,580,1926,1948]" journal="Bothalia" page="111" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" score="9.729594737742866" volume="13" year="1980">
Obermeyer in
<bibCitation id="61B7E401FF82FF85FD48F828B617F870" box="[358,580,1926,1948]" journal="Bothalia" page="111" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" score="9.729594737742866" volume="13" year="1980">Bothalia 13: 111. 1980</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF82FF85FCA6F804B023F80F" blockId="96.[136,1452,1670,2020]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
=
<treatmentCitation id="353CCA7CFF82FF85FC8FF804B790F854" author="J. C. Manning &amp; Goldblatt" box="[161,963,1962,1984]" journal="Strelitzia" page="107" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" score="9.729594737742866" volume="40" year="2018">
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF82FF85FC8FF804B6CEF82B" authority="J. C. Manning &amp; Goldblatt" authorityName="J. C. Manning &amp; Goldblatt" box="[161,669,1962,1984]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Drimia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Juncifoliae">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF82FF85FC8FF804B4B5F854" box="[161,230,1962,1983]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Drimia</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF82FF85FD09F804B5C1F854" box="[295,402,1962,1983]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Juncifoliae</emphasis>
J.C.Manning &amp; Goldblatt
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibCitation id="61B7E401FF82FF85FEEBF804B790F854" box="[709,963,1962,1984]" journal="Strelitzia" page="107" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" score="9.729594737742866" volume="40" year="2018">Strelitzia 40: 107 (2018)</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. Typus sectionis:—
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF82FF85F8A6F804B513F808" ID-CoL="8XZTQ" authority="J. C. Manning &amp; J. M. J. Deacon" authorityName="J. C. Manning &amp; J. M. J. Deacon" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Drimia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="juncifolia">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF82FF85F8A6F804B154F854" box="[1160,1287,1962,1983]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">D. juncifolia</emphasis>
J.C.Manning &amp; J.M.J.Deacon
</taxonomicName>
≡
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF82FF85FD74F860B72CF808" ID-CoL="8YBM8" authority="(J. C. Manning &amp; J. M. J. Deacon) Mart." authorityName="Mart." baseAuthorityName="J. C. Manning &amp; J. M. J. Deacon" box="[346,895,1998,2020]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="juncifolia">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF82FF85FD74F860B643F808" box="[346,528,1998,2019]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Tenicroa juncifolia</emphasis>
(J.C.Manning &amp; J.M.J.Deacon) Mart.
</taxonomicName>
-Azorín
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF82FF85FFE1F860B053F808" box="[975,1024,1998,2019]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">et al.</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="6B2652CFFF82FF85F822F860B035F80F" box="[1036,1126,1998,2020]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="E0E2BCE5FF83FF84FCA6F8C1B512F819" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8326521" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8326521" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8326521/files/figure.png" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" startId="97.[136,229,1903,1925]" targetBox="[136,1376,191,1892]" targetPageId="97">
<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF83FF84FCA6F8C1B512F819" blockId="97.[136,1452,1903,2034]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF83FF84FCA6F8C1B55FF86F" bold="true" box="[136,268,1903,1925]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">FIGURE 56.</emphasis>
Species of
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF83FF84FDAFF8DEB654F86D" authority="Raf." authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1837" box="[385,519,1904,1926]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF83FF84FDAFF8DEB586F86E" box="[385,469,1904,1925]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Tenicroa</emphasis>
Raf.
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF83FF84FE20F8C1B673F86E" bold="true" box="[526,544,1903,1925]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF83FF84FE06F8DEB702F86D" authority="(Jacq.) Raf." authorityName="Raf." baseAuthorityName="Jacq." box="[552,849,1904,1926]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fragrans">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF83FF84FE06F8DEB684F86E" box="[552,727,1904,1925]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Tenicroa fragrans</emphasis>
(Jacq.) Raf.
</taxonomicName>
from
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF83FF84FFA1F8DEB04FF86E" author="Jacquin, N. J." box="[911,1052,1904,1926]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" refId="ref102893" refString="Jacquin, N. J. (1797) Observationes botanicae DXIX - DCLXXI. Collectaneorum Supplementum 5. Officina Wappleriana, Vindobonae [Wien], 220 pp." type="book" year="1797">Jacquin (1797</bibRefCitation>
: t. 86, as
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF83FF84F851F8DEB1D4F86E" authority="Jacq." authorityName="Jacq." box="[1151,1415,1904,1925]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Anthericum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fragrans">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF83FF84F851F8DEB119F86E" box="[1151,1354,1904,1925]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Anthericum fragrans</emphasis>
Jacq.
</taxonomicName>
);
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF83FF84F9B7F8C1B1F8F86E" bold="true" box="[1433,1451,1903,1925]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF83FF84FCA6F83AB5E8F842" authority="(Jacq.) Speta" authorityName="Speta" authorityYear="1980" baseAuthorityName="Jacquin" baseAuthorityYear="1794" box="[136,443,1940,1961]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="exuviata">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF83FF84FCA6F83AB566F842" box="[136,309,1940,1961]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Tenicroa exuviata</emphasis>
(Jacq.) Speta
</taxonomicName>
from Jacquin (1794: t. 415, as
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF83FF84FEDBF83AB05EF842" authority="Jacq." authorityName="Jacq." box="[757,1037,1940,1961]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Anthericum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="exuviatum">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF83FF84FEDBF83AB783F842" box="[757,976,1940,1961]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Anthericum exuviatum</emphasis>
Jacq.
</taxonomicName>
);
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF83FF84F831F83DB062F842" bold="true" box="[1055,1073,1939,1961]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF83FF84F817F83AB125F841" authority="(Jacq.) Oberm." authorityName="Obermeyer" authorityYear="1981" baseAuthorityName="Jacquin" baseAuthorityYear="1794" box="[1081,1398,1940,1962]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filifolia">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF83FF84F817F83AB08FF842" box="[1081,1244,1940,1961]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Tenicroa filifolia</emphasis>
(Jacq.) Oberm.
</taxonomicName>
from Jacquin (1794: t. 414, as
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF83FF84FD5DF816B629F826" authority="Jacq." authorityName="Jacq." box="[371,634,1976,1997]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Anthericum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filifolium">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF83FF84FD5DF816B613F826" box="[371,576,1976,1997]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Anthericum filifolium</emphasis>
Jacq.
</taxonomicName>
);
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF83FF84FEA7F819B6C8F826" bold="true" box="[649,667,1975,1997]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF83FF84FE8EF816B780F825" authority="(Jacq.) Oberm." authorityName="Obermeyer" authorityYear="1981" baseAuthorityName="Jacquin" baseAuthorityYear="1794" box="[672,979,1976,1998]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filifolia">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF83FF84FE8EF816B76CF826" box="[672,831,1976,1997]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Tenicroa filifolia</emphasis>
(Jacq.) Oberm.
</taxonomicName>
from
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF83FF84F825F816B0E9F826" author="Ker Gawler, J. B." box="[1035,1210,1976,1998]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="557" refId="ref103451" refString="Ker Gawler, J. B. (1821) Albuca filifolia. Fine-leaved Albuca. The Botanical Register 7: t. 557." type="journal article" year="1821">Ker Gawler (1821</bibRefCitation>
: t. 557, as
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF83FF84F932F816B564F819" authority="(Jacq.) Ker Gawl." authorityName="Ker Gawl." baseAuthorityName="Jacq." class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Albuca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filifolia">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF83FF84F932F816B1FFF826" box="[1308,1452,1976,1997]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Albuca filifolia</emphasis>
(Jacq.) Ker Gawl.
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E0E2BCE5FF80FF87FCA6F80DB6A4F7EA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8308675" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8308675" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8308675/files/figure.png" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" startId="98.[136,229,1955,1977]" targetBox="[298,1274,199,1919]" targetPageId="98" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF80FF87FCA6F80DB6A4F7EA" blockId="98.[136,1451,1955,2049]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF80FF87FCA6F80DB559F853" bold="true" box="[136,266,1955,1977]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">FIGURE 57.</emphasis>
Species of
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF80FF87FD54F80AB5ADF852" authority="Raf." authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1837" box="[378,510,1955,1977]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF80FF87FD54F80AB59DF852" box="[378,462,1956,1977]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Tenicroa</emphasis>
Raf.
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF80FF87FE2DF80DB646F853" bold="true" box="[515,533,1955,1976]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF80FF87FE35F80AB71AF853" authority="(Jacq.) Speta" authorityName="Speta" authorityYear="1980" baseAuthorityName="Jacquin" baseAuthorityYear="1794" box="[539,841,1955,1977]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="exuviata">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF80FF87FE35F80AB695F852" box="[539,710,1956,1977]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Tenicroa exuviata</emphasis>
(Jacq.) Speta
</taxonomicName>
from
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF80FF87FFAAF80AB064F852" author="Ker Gawler, J. B." box="[900,1079,1955,1977]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" pagination="871" refId="ref103317" refString="Ker Gawler, J. B. (1805). Albuca exuviata. Pale-flowered Albuca. Curtis's Botanical Magazine 22: t. 871." type="journal article" year="1805">Ker Gawler (1805</bibRefCitation>
: t. 871, as
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF80FF87F8B0F80DB495F836" authority="(Jacq.) Ker Gawl." authorityName="Ker Gawl." baseAuthorityName="Jacq." class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Albuca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="exuviata">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF80FF87F8B0F80DB169F852" box="[1182,1338,1955,1977]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Albuca exuviata</emphasis>
(Jacq.) Ker Gawl.
</taxonomicName>
);
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF80FF87FCF9F869B4BAF837" bold="true" box="[215,233,1991,2012]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF80FF87FCC1F866B640F836" authority="(Jacq.) Raf." authorityName="Raf." baseAuthorityName="Jacq." box="[239,531,1991,2013]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fragrans">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF80FF87FCC1F866B5CFF837" box="[239,412,1991,2013]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Tenicroa fragrans</emphasis>
(Jacq.) Raf.
</taxonomicName>
from
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF80FF87FE63F866B6ACF837" author="Ker Gawler, J. B." box="[589,767,1991,2013]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" pagination="311" refId="ref103426" refString="Ker Gawler, J. B. (1818) Albuca fugax. Fugacious-flowered Albuca. The Botanical Register 4: t. 311." type="journal article" year="1818">Ker Gawler (1818</bibRefCitation>
: t. 311, as
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF80FF87FF4BF869B007F836" authority="Ker Gawl." authorityName="Ker Gawl." box="[869,1108,1991,2013]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Albuca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fugax">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF80FF87FF4BF869B7B6F837" box="[869,997,1991,2012]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Albuca fugax</emphasis>
Ker Gawl.
</taxonomicName>
);
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF80FF87F84AF869B025F837" bold="true" box="[1124,1142,1991,2012]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF80FF87F853F866B481F7EA" authority="(G. J. Lewis) Oberm." authorityName="Oberm." baseAuthorityName="G. J. Lewis" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multifolia">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF80FF87F853F866B160F837" box="[1149,1331,1991,2013]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Tenicroa multifolia</emphasis>
(G.J.Lewis) Oberm.
</taxonomicName>
from
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF80FF87FD25F845B5F8F7EB" author="Lewis, G. J." box="[267,427,2027,2049]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" pagination="6 - 14" refId="ref103987" refString="Lewis, G. J. (1952) 2. Plantae novae Africanae. Annals of the South African Museum 40: 6 - 14." type="journal article" year="1952">Lewis (1952: 10</bibRefCitation>
, as
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF80FF87FDE1F842B6BEF7EA" authority="G. J. Lewis" authorityName="G. J. Lewis" box="[463,749,2027,2049]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Urginea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multifolia">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF80FF87FDE1F842B6D2F7EB" box="[463,641,2027,2049]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Urginea multifolia</emphasis>
G.J.Lewis
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E0E2BCE5FF81FF86FCA6FA4CB7E2F9F7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8308677" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8308677" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8308677/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" startId="99.[136,229,1506,1528]" targetBox="[155,1430,199,1475]" targetPageId="99" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF81FF86FCA6FA4CB7E2F9F7" blockId="99.[136,1451,1506,1564]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF81FF86FCA6FA4CB55AFA1C" bold="true" box="[136,265,1506,1528]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">FIGURE 58.</emphasis>
Species of
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF81FF86FD59FA4DB5A9FA13" authority="Raf." authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1837" box="[375,506,1506,1528]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF81FF86FD59FA4DB598FA13" box="[375,459,1507,1528]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Tenicroa</emphasis>
Raf.
</taxonomicName>
displayed in horizontal rows of images.
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF81FF86FF52FA4CB7DDFA1C" bold="true" box="[892,910,1506,1527]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF81FF86FFBAFA4DB08DFA1C" authority="M. Pinter et al." authorityName="M. Pinter" box="[916,1246,1506,1528]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="applanata">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF81FF86FFBAFA4DB01DFA1C" box="[916,1102,1506,1528]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Tenicroa applanata</emphasis>
M.Pinter
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF81FF86F880FA4DB08DFA1C" box="[1198,1246,1506,1528]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">et al.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF81FF86F8C7FA4CB0A8FA1C" bold="true" box="[1257,1275,1506,1527]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF81FF86F92FFA4DB554F9F0" authority="(Jacq.) Speta" authorityName="Speta" authorityYear="1980" baseAuthorityName="Jacquin" baseAuthorityYear="1794" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="exuviata">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF81FF86F92FFA4DB1F8FA13" box="[1281,1451,1507,1528]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Tenicroa exuviata</emphasis>
(Jacq.) Speta
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF81FF86FD3FF9A8B570F9F0" bold="true" box="[273,291,1542,1563]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF81FF86FD07F9A9B604F9F0" authority="M. Pinter et al." authorityName="M. Pinter" box="[297,599,1542,1564]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fibrosa">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF81FF86FD07F9A9B596F9F0" box="[297,453,1542,1564]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Tenicroa fibrosa</emphasis>
M.Pinter
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF81FF86FE08F9A9B604F9F0" box="[550,599,1542,1564]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">et al.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF81FF86FE4DF9A8B626F9F0" bold="true" box="[611,629,1542,1563]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF81FF86FE55F9A9B7E2F9F7" authority="(Jacq.) Oberm." authorityName="Obermeyer" authorityYear="1981" baseAuthorityName="Jacquin" baseAuthorityYear="1794" box="[635,945,1542,1564]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filifolia">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF81FF86FE55F9A9B748F9F0" box="[635,795,1542,1564]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Tenicroa filifolia</emphasis>
(Jacq.) Oberm.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="FC87BFE6FF81FF80FCA6F9E4B5F0FAD3" lastPageId="101" lastPageNumber="102" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" type="description">
<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF81FF81FCA6F9E4B7F6FECF" blockId="99.[136,1452,1610,2069]" lastBlockId="100.[136,1452,158,293]" lastPageId="100" lastPageNumber="101" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF81FF86FCA6F9E4B541F98F" bold="true" box="[136,274,1610,1636]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Description</emphasis>
:—Medium-sized bulbous geophyte.
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF81FF86FE98F9E4B6B8F98F" box="[694,747,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Bulb</emphasis>
hypogeal, ovoid to subglobose, up to
<quantity id="73654188FF81FF86F8B5F9E5B080F98E" box="[1179,1235,1611,1637]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="cm" value="7.0">7 cm</quantity>
in diam., extended into neck surrounded by cataphylls with raised, transverse purple to brown ribs, inner scales white to pinkish, fleshy, compact or rarely loose, spirally arranged, rarely distichous, sometimes fibrose.Roots distinctly thickened and branched.
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF81FF86FCA6F919B485F93B" box="[136,214,1719,1744]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Leaves</emphasis>
1‒50 per bulb,
<quantity id="73654188FF81FF86FDA4F919B5BFF93A" box="[394,492,1719,1745]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.15" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="0.3" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="cm" value="41.5" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="3.0">3‒80 cm</quantity>
long, narrowly linear, from terete to channelled, synanthous or rarely hysteranthous, entire or rarely scabrid on margins, green or somewhat glaucous, usually leathery, sometimes twisted, smooth, glabrous.
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF81FF86FCD8F950B5DFF8F3" box="[246,396,1790,1816]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Inflorescence</emphasis>
a long, erect, multiflowered raceme,
<quantity id="73654188FF81FF86FF03F950B7DDF8F2" box="[813,910,1790,1817]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.2" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="cm" value="13.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="2.0">2‒25 cm</quantity>
long, with up to 60 flowers; peduncle
<quantity id="73654188FF81FF86F912F951B1F8F8F2" box="[1340,1451,1791,1817]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="cm" value="25.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="10.0">10‒40 cm</quantity>
long, green, grey or purple, terete, erect, smooth and glabrous; pedicels
<quantity id="73654188FF81FF86FF84F88CB046F8D6" box="[938,1045,1826,1853]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="9.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="3.0">3‒15 mm</quantity>
long, shorter than tepals at anthesis, spreading in flower and erect in fruit. Bracts narrowly lanceolate, long acuminate, lowermost auriculate with long spur, sometimes bifid or branched and sinuous; bracteoles absent.
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF81FF86FF5BF8C4B782F86F" box="[885,977,1898,1924]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Flowers</emphasis>
stellate with patent tepals, diurnal. Tepals 6, biseriate,
<quantity id="73654188FF81FF86FD3BF820B5D2F842" box="[277,385,1934,1961]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="11.5" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="6.0">6‒17 mm</quantity>
long, free, ovate-lanceolate to elliptic, white with well defined, narrow, purplish longitudinal band.
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF81FF86FCE0F81DB578F826" box="[206,299,1971,1997]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Stamens</emphasis>
6, suberect and slightly spreading; filaments filiform,
<quantity id="73654188FF81FF86FFB8F81DB7A6F826" box="[918,1013,1971,1997]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="4.0">4‒8 mm</quantity>
long, tapering, smooth, white, slightly sigmoid and curving distally; anthers yellow, erect, basifixed, deshicing longitudinally along their whole length, with yellow pollen. Ovary ovate-oblong, green to yellow. Style
<quantity id="73654188FF81FF86FF20F855B739F7FE" box="[782,874,2043,2069]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="4.0">4‒8 mm</quantity>
long, declinate, sigmoid, white or rarely tinged with purple, with capitate, papillose stigma.
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF86FF81FE6BFF30B6F2FF53" box="[581,673,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Capsule</emphasis>
ovate to ellipsoid,
<quantity id="73654188FF86FF81FF54FF30B7B5FF52" box="[890,998,158,185]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" unit="mm" value="15.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="6.0">6‒25 mm</quantity>
long, valves completely dehiscing from base, tepals cohering and inrolled above ovary after anthesis, circumcissile from base and persisting as a cap at the top of the developing capsules.
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF86FF81FDEAFF48B657FEEB" box="[452,516,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Seeds</emphasis>
subellipsoid to compressed, (4–)
<quantity id="73654188FF86FF81FF52FF48B7B4FEEA" box="[892,999,230,257]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="5.0">5‒11 mm</quantity>
long, flattened, embryo prominent with wide or short wings, testa black, dull or glossy, with sinuous cell walls.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E0E2BCE5FF86FF81FCA6F832B7E3F812" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8308679" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8308679" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8308679/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" startId="100.[136,229,1948,1970]" targetBox="[156,1433,325,1922]" targetPageId="100" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF86FF81FCA6F832B7E3F812" blockId="100.[136,1451,1948,2042]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF86FF81FCA6F832B558F85A" bold="true" box="[136,267,1948,1970]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">FIGURE 59.</emphasis>
Species of
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF86FF81FD53F833B651F859" authority="Raf." authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1837" box="[381,514,1948,1970]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF86FF81FD53F833B582F859" box="[381,465,1949,1970]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Tenicroa</emphasis>
Raf.
</taxonomicName>
displayed in horizontal rows of images.
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF86FF81FFA1F832B7F2F85A" bold="true" box="[911,929,1948,1969]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF86FF81FF86F833B083F859" authority="(Jacq.) Raf." authorityName="Raf." baseAuthorityName="Jacq." box="[936,1232,1948,1970]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fragrans">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF86FF81FF86F833B006F85A" box="[936,1109,1948,1970]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Tenicroa fragrans</emphasis>
(Jacq.) Raf.
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF86FF81F8F4F832B0BFF85A" bold="true" box="[1242,1260,1948,1969]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF86FF81F8DDF833B51FF83D" authority="(G. J. Lewis) Oberm." authorityName="Oberm." baseAuthorityName="G. J. Lewis" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multifolia">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF86FF81F8DDF833B1F8F85A" box="[1267,1451,1948,1970]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Tenicroa multifolia</emphasis>
(G.J.Lewis) Oberm.
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF86FF81FD7BF86EB534F83E" bold="true" box="[341,359,1984,2005]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF86FF81FD40F86FB695F83E" authority="M. Pinter et al." authorityName="M. Pinter" box="[366,710,1984,2006]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="namibensis">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF86FF81FD40F86FB660F83E" box="[366,563,1984,2006]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Tenicroa namibensis</emphasis>
M.Pinter
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF86FF81FEBBF86FB695F83E" box="[661,710,1984,2006]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">et al.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Photographs of bulb with leaf by H. Kolberg and in flower by A. Burke);
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF86FF81F9B7F86EB1F8F83E" bold="true" box="[1433,1451,1984,2005]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF86FF81FCA6F84BB580F812" authority="M. Pinter et al." authorityName="M. Pinter" box="[136,467,2020,2042]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polyantha">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF86FF81FCA6F84BB511F812" box="[136,322,2020,2042]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Tenicroa polyantha</emphasis>
M.Pinter
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF86FF81FD8CF84BB580F812" box="[418,467,2020,2042]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">et al.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF86FF81FDF1F84AB5A2F812" bold="true" box="[479,497,2020,2041]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF86FF81FDD9F84BB7E3F812" authority="(A. V. Duthie) M. Pinter et al." box="[503,944,2020,2042]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="unifolia">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF86FF81FDD9F84BB6CFF812" box="[503,668,2020,2042]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Tenicroa unifolia</emphasis>
(A.V.Duthie) M.Pinter et al.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF87FF80FC93FF30B7B2FEEB" blockId="101.[136,1452,157,1336]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FC93FF30B60FFF5C" bold="true" box="[189,604,157,184]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Number of species and distribution</emphasis>
:—
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80FE51FF31B6B3FF53" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1837" box="[639,736,159,184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FE51FF31B6B3FF53" box="[639,736,159,184]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Tenicroa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
includes twelve species restricted to southern and western
<collectingCountry id="CC8AACFDFF87FF80F944FF30B483FF37" name="South Africa" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">South Africa</collectingCountry>
and southern
<collectingCountry id="CC8AACFDFF87FF80FD59FF6CB589FF37" box="[375,474,194,220]" name="Namibia" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Namibia</collectingCountry>
, it being therefore restricted to the Cape and Karoo-Namib Regions (sensu Taktajan 1986) (
<figureCitation id="2CA6F0E8FF87FF80FCF7FF48B57EFEEB" box="[217,301,230,256]" captionStart="FIGURE 49" captionStartId="85.[136,229,1841,1863]" captionTargetBox="[155,1429,199,1812]" captionTargetId="figure-19@85.[150,1435,193,1817]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURE 49. Approximate distribution ranges of accepted genera in Urgineoideae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8308656" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8308656/files/figure.png" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
). For complete species characteristics see
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FF28FF48B78EFEEB" author="Pinter, M. &amp; Martinez-Azorin, M. &amp; Crespo, M. B. &amp; Alonso-Vargas, M. A. &amp; Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W." box="[774,989,230,256]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="61 - 92" refId="ref108647" refString="Pinter, M., Martinez-Azorin, M., Crespo, M. B., Alonso-Vargas, M. A., Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W. (2020) A taxonomic revision of Tenicroa Raf. (Hyacinthaceae, Urgineoideae) - including four new species and new combinations. Phyton (Horn, Austria) 60: 61 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.12905 / 0380. phyton 60 - 2020 - 0061" type="journal article" year="2020">
Pinter
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FF7EFF49B7DBFEEB" box="[848,904,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">et al.</emphasis>
(2020)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF87FF80FC93FEA4B601FECF" blockId="101.[136,1452,157,1336]" box="[189,594,266,292]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FC93FEA4B568FECF" bold="true" box="[189,315,266,292]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Karyology</emphasis>
:—2n=20 (
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FD98FEA4B616FECF" author="Speta, F." box="[438,581,266,292]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="261 - 285" refId="ref109653" refString="Speta, F. (1998 a) Hyacinthaceae. In: Kubitzki, K. (Ed.) The families and genera of vascular plants, vol. 3. Springer, Berlin, pp. 261 - 285." type="book chapter" year="1998">Speta 1998a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF87FF80FC93FE83B14AFC1F" blockId="101.[136,1452,157,1336]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FC93FE83B726FEAC" bold="true" box="[189,885,301,328]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">History, diagnostic characters, and taxonomic relationships</emphasis>
:—
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FFBBFE80B036FEA3" author="Rafinesque, C. S." box="[917,1125,302,328]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" refId="ref108837" refString="Rafinesque, C. S. (1837) Flora Telluriana, vol. 3. H. Probasco, Philadelphia, PA, 100 pp." type="book" year="1837">Rafinesque (1837)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80F8F7FE81B169FEA3" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1837" box="[1241,1338,303,328]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80F8F7FE81B169FEA3" box="[1241,1338,303,328]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Tenicroa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to include
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80FCA6FEFDB557FE87" box="[136,260,338,364]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fragrans">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FCA6FEFDB557FE87" box="[136,260,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">T. fragrans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FD3DFEFCB5FDFE87" author="Jacquin, N. J." box="[275,430,338,364]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" refId="ref102893" refString="Jacquin, N. J. (1797) Observationes botanicae DXIX - DCLXXI. Collectaneorum Supplementum 5. Officina Wappleriana, Vindobonae [Wien], 220 pp." type="book" year="1797">Jacquin 1797</bibRefCitation>
: t. 86)
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FDD2FEFCB6A9FE86" author="Rafinesque, C. S." box="[508,762,338,365]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" refId="ref108837" refString="Rafinesque, C. S. (1837) Flora Telluriana, vol. 3. H. Probasco, Philadelphia, PA, 100 pp." type="book" year="1837">Rafinesque (1837: 53)</bibRefCitation>
, a species with rotate flowers, suberect stamens and deflexed style, among other characters. The revision by
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FE8AFED8B72DFE7B" author="Obermeyer, A. A." box="[676,894,374,400]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="111 - 114" refId="ref107789" refString="Obermeyer, A. A. (1980 b) The genus Sypharissa (Liliaceae). Bothalia 13: 111 - 114." type="journal article" year="1980">Obermeyer (1980b</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FFA5FED8B782FE7B" author="Obermeyer, A. A." box="[907,977,374,400]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="577" refId="ref107834" refString="Obermeyer, A. A. (1981 a) Some name changes in the Urgineae complex. Journal of South African Botany 47: 577." type="journal article" year="1981">1981a</bibRefCitation>
) accepted four species in the genus from southern and western
<collectingCountry id="CC8AACFDFF87FF80FD59FE34B657FE5F" box="[375,516,410,436]" name="South Africa" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">South Africa</collectingCountry>
and southern
<collectingCountry id="CC8AACFDFF87FF80FEB2FE34B752FE5F" box="[668,769,410,436]" name="Namibia" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Namibia</collectingCountry>
:
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80FF27FE35B7D1FE5F" box="[777,898,410,436]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fragrans">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FF27FE35B7D1FE5F" box="[777,898,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">T. fragrans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80FFA1FE35B1F4FE5E" authority="(Jacquin 1794: 18) Speta (1980: 195)" authorityName="Speta" authorityPageNumber="195" authorityYear="1980" baseAuthorityName="Jacquin" baseAuthorityPageNumber="18" baseAuthorityYear="1794" box="[911,1447,410,437]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="exuviata">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FFA1FE35B05BFE5F" box="[911,1032,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">T. exuviata</emphasis>
(Jacquin 1794: 18)
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80F8CEFE34B1F4FE5E" author="Speta, F." box="[1248,1447,410,437]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="193 - 238" refId="ref109618" refString="Speta, F. (1980) Karyosystematik, Kultur und Verwendung der Meerzwiebel (Urginea Steinh., Liliaceae s. l.). Linzer Biologische Beitrage 12: 193 - 238." type="journal article" year="1980">Speta (1980: 195)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80FCA6FE11B6B6FE32" authority="(Jacquin 1794: 18) Obermeyer (1981 a: 577)" authorityName="Obermeyer" authorityPageNumber="577" authorityYear="1981" baseAuthorityName="Jacquin" baseAuthorityPageNumber="18" baseAuthorityYear="1794" box="[136,741,446,473]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filifolia">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FCA6FE11B4A7FE33" box="[136,244,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">T. filifolia</emphasis>
(Jacquin 1794: 18)
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FDFEFE10B6B6FE32" author="Obermeyer, A. A." box="[464,741,446,473]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="577" refId="ref107834" refString="Obermeyer, A. A. (1981 a) Some name changes in the Urgineae complex. Journal of South African Botany 47: 577." type="journal article" year="1981">Obermeyer (1981a: 577)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80FF30FE11B7F5FE33" box="[798,934,446,472]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multifolia">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FF30FE11B7F5FE33" box="[798,934,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">T. multifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Lewis: 1952: 9)
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80F844FE10B12CFE32" author="Obermeyer, A. A." box="[1130,1407,446,473]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="577" refId="ref107834" refString="Obermeyer, A. A. (1981 a) Some name changes in the Urgineae complex. Journal of South African Botany 47: 577." type="journal article" year="1981">Obermeyer (1981a: 577)</bibRefCitation>
. All of them shared distinct characters such as the synanthous leaves surrounded by sheathing cataphylls that are markedly striate with raised, dark, transversal ridges; the stellate flowers with almost free tepals with a narrow, longitudinal dark band on the abaxial side; the suberect to slightly spreading stamens with basifixed anthers and the elongate, deflexed and curved style; and papillate stigma. Despite the distinct morphology of taxa in this genus, they have historically been placed in 8 different genera:
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80FE34FDDCB7F2FD67" authority="Linnaeus (1753: 310)" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityPageNumber="310" authorityYear="1753" box="[538,929,626,653]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Anthericum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FE34FDDCB6CEFD67" box="[538,669,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Anthericum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FE89FDDCB7F2FD67" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[679,929,626,653]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" refId="ref104103" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species plantarum. Salvius, Stockholm, 1200 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 37656" type="book" year="1753">Linnaeus (1753: 310)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80FF9EFDDCB7ACFD67" box="[944,1023,626,652]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Albuca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FF9EFDDCB7ACFD67" box="[944,1023,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Albuca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80F83EFDDDB032FD67" authorityName="Jacq. ex Willdenow" authorityYear="1799" box="[1040,1121,627,652]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Drimia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80F83EFDDDB032FD67" box="[1040,1121,627,652]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Drimia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80F85CFDDCB142FD67" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[1138,1297,626,652]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Ornithogalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80F85CFDDCB142FD67" box="[1138,1297,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Ornithogalum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80F90CFDDCB549FD5A" authority="Miller (1754" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1754" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Phalangium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80F90CFDDCB1F8FD67" box="[1314,1451,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Phalangium</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FCA6FD38B549FD5A" author="Miller, P." box="[136,282,662,689]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" refId="ref106993" refString="Miller, P. (1754) The Gardeners Dictionary. Abridged, 4 th ed. J. &amp; J. Rivington, London, 1582 pp." type="book" year="1754">Miller (1754</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: s.n.),
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80FD4DFD38B6E6FD5A" authority="Rafinesque (1837: 53)" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityPageNumber="53" authorityYear="1837" box="[355,693,662,689]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Pilasia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FD4DFD38B5E1FD5B" box="[355,434,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Pilasia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FD97FD38B6E6FD5A" author="Rafinesque, C. S." box="[441,693,662,689]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" refId="ref108837" refString="Rafinesque, C. S. (1837) Flora Telluriana, vol. 3. H. Probasco, Philadelphia, PA, 100 pp." type="book" year="1837">Rafinesque (1837: 53)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80FEEFFD38B078FD5B" authority="Salisbury (1866: 37)" authorityName="Salisbury" authorityPageNumber="37" authorityYear="1866" box="[705,1067,662,688]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Sypharissa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FEEFFD38B76FFD5B" box="[705,828,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Sypharissa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FF6CFD38B078FD5B" author="Salisbury, R. A." box="[834,1067,662,688]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" refId="ref109271" refString="Salisbury, R. A. (1866) The genera of plants: A fragment containing part of Liriogamae. John van Voorst, London, 143 pp." type="book" year="1866">Salisbury (1866: 37)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80F84BFD39B092FD5B" authorityName="Steinheil" authorityYear="1834" box="[1125,1217,663,688]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Urginea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80F84BFD39B092FD5B" box="[1125,1217,663,688]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Urginea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, representing a good example of the uncertainty in taxonomy and systematics of urgineoid taxa (
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FFFCFD14B0C9FD3F" author="Pinter, M. &amp; Martinez-Azorin, M. &amp; Crespo, M. B. &amp; Alonso-Vargas, M. A. &amp; Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W." box="[978,1178,698,724]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="61 - 92" refId="ref108647" refString="Pinter, M., Martinez-Azorin, M., Crespo, M. B., Alonso-Vargas, M. A., Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W. (2020) A taxonomic revision of Tenicroa Raf. (Hyacinthaceae, Urgineoideae) - including four new species and new combinations. Phyton (Horn, Austria) 60: 61 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.12905 / 0380. phyton 60 - 2020 - 0061" type="journal article" year="2020">
Pinter
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80F830FD15B005FD3F" box="[1054,1110,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
). However, based on the clear synapomorphies of
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80FD8CFD71B650FD13" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1837" box="[418,515,735,760]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FD8CFD71B650FD13" box="[418,515,735,760]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Tenicroa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, researchers in
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80FE9DFD70B71AFD13" box="[691,841,734,760]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Urgineoideae">Urgineoideae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FF76FD70B7B6FD13" author="Jessop, J. P." box="[856,997,734,760]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="265 - 319" refId="ref102982" refString="Jessop, J. P. (1977) Studies in the bulbous Liliaceae in South Africa 7. The taxonomy of Drimia and certain allied genera. Journal of South African Botany 43 (4): 265 - 319." type="journal article" year="1977">Jessop 1977</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FFDEFD70B0EEFD13" author="Obermeyer, A. A." box="[1008,1213,734,760]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="111 - 114" refId="ref107789" refString="Obermeyer, A. A. (1980 b) The genus Sypharissa (Liliaceae). Bothalia 13: 111 - 114." type="journal article" year="1980">Obermeyer 1980b</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80F8E6FD70B15CFD13" author="Obermeyer, A. A." box="[1224,1295,734,760]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="577" refId="ref107834" refString="Obermeyer, A. A. (1981 a) Some name changes in the Urgineae complex. Journal of South African Botany 47: 577." type="journal article" year="1981">1981a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80F935FD70B1F4FD13" author="Speta, F." box="[1307,1447,734,760]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="261 - 285" refId="ref109653" refString="Speta, F. (1998 a) Hyacinthaceae. In: Kubitzki, K. (Ed.) The families and genera of vascular plants, vol. 3. Springer, Berlin, pp. 261 - 285." type="book chapter" year="1998">Speta 1998a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FCA6FCACB49CFCF7" author="Speta, F." box="[136,207,770,796]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="1 - 141" refId="ref109695" refString="Speta, F. (1998 b) Systematische Analyse der Gattung Scilla L. s. l. (Hyacinthaceae). Phyton (Horn, Austria) 38 (1): 1 - 141." type="journal article" year="1998">1998b</bibRefCitation>
) usually recognised it as a distinct genus. Conversely,
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FF17FCACB062FCF7" author="Manning, J. C. &amp; Goldblatt, P. &amp; Fay, M. F." box="[825,1073,770,796]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="533 - 568" refId="ref104695" refString="Manning, J. C., Goldblatt, P. &amp; Fay, M. F. (2004) A revised generic synopsis of Hyacinthaceae in Sub-Saharan Africa, based on molecular evidence, including new combinations and the new tribe Pseudoprospereae. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 60: 533 - 568. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0960428603000404" type="journal article" year="2004">
Manning
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FF88FCADB78CFCF7" box="[934,991,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">et al.</emphasis>
(2004)
</bibRefCitation>
synonymised
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80F8FAFCADB166FCF7" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1837" box="[1236,1333,771,796]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80F8FAFCADB166FCF7" box="[1236,1333,771,796]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Tenicroa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80F974FCADB1F8FCF7" authorityName="Jacq. ex Willdenow" authorityYear="1799" box="[1370,1451,771,796]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Drimia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" sensu="lato">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80F974FCADB1F8FCF7" box="[1370,1451,771,796]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Drimia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DDA8D04FF87FF80FCA6FC88B4AFFCAB" box="[136,252,806,832]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" sensu="lato">sensu lato</taxonomicNameLabel>
, and later
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FD5AFC88B6EDFCAB" author="Manning, J. C. &amp; Goldblatt, P." box="[372,702,806,832]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" refId="ref104579" refString="Manning, J. C. &amp; Goldblatt, P. (2018) Systematics of Drimia Jacq. (Hyacinthaceae: Urgineoideae) in southern Africa. Strelitzia 40. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 173 pp." type="book" year="2018">Manning &amp; Goldblatt (2018)</bibRefCitation>
placed the
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80FF6DFC89B7ADFCAB" box="[835,1022,806,832]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FF6DFC89B7F7FCAB" box="[835,932,807,832]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Tenicroa</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
recognised by
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80F880FC88B1DEFCAB" author="Obermeyer, A. A." box="[1198,1421,806,832]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="111 - 114" refId="ref107789" refString="Obermeyer, A. A. (1980 b) The genus Sypharissa (Liliaceae). Bothalia 13: 111 - 114." type="journal article" year="1980">Obermeyer (1980b)</bibRefCitation>
in
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FCA6FCE5B4F7FC8F" box="[136,164,843,868]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">D.</emphasis>
sect.
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80FCC7FCE4B537FC8F" authorityName="Salisbury" authorityYear="1866" box="[233,356,842,868]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Sypharissa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FCC7FCE4B537FC8F" box="[233,356,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Sypharissa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, whilst including
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80FE19FCE5B6F4FC8F" authorityName="Obermeyer" authorityYear="1981" baseAuthorityName="Jacquin" baseAuthorityYear="1794" box="[567,679,842,868]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filifolia">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FE19FCE5B6F4FC8F" box="[567,679,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">T. filifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as synonym of
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80FF4AFCE5B7B2FC8F" authorityName="Speta" authorityYear="1980" baseAuthorityName="Jacquin" baseAuthorityYear="1794" box="[868,993,843,868]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="exuviata">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FF4AFCE5B7B2FC8F" box="[868,993,843,868]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">T. exuviata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. They also separated their new
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80F97AFCE5B13CFC8F" box="[1364,1391,843,868]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">D.</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FCA6FCC0B557FC63" box="[136,260,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Juncifoliae</emphasis>
to associate two newly described species [
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80FED4FCC1B100FC63" authority="Manning &amp; Goldblatt (2018: 109)" authorityName="J. C. Manning &amp; Goldblatt" authorityPageNumber="109" authorityYear="2018" box="[762,1363,878,904]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Drimia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decipiens">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FED4FCC1B793FC63" box="[762,960,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Drimia decipiens</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FFE4FCC0B100FC63" author="Manning, J. C. &amp; Goldblatt, P." box="[970,1363,878,904]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" refId="ref104579" refString="Manning, J. C. &amp; Goldblatt, P. (2018) Systematics of Drimia Jacq. (Hyacinthaceae: Urgineoideae) in southern Africa. Strelitzia 40. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 173 pp." type="book" year="2018">Manning &amp; Goldblatt (2018: 109)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80F9BEFCC1B61CFC47" authority="J. C. Manning &amp; J. M. J. Deacon" authorityName="J. C. Manning &amp; J. M. J. Deacon" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="juncifolia">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80F9BEFCC1B4A0FC47" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">D. juncifolia</emphasis>
J.C.Manning &amp; J.M.J.Deacon
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FE59FC3CB7ACFC47" author="Manning, J. C. &amp; Goldblatt, P." box="[631,1023,914,940]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" refId="ref104579" refString="Manning, J. C. &amp; Goldblatt, P. (2018) Systematics of Drimia Jacq. (Hyacinthaceae: Urgineoideae) in southern Africa. Strelitzia 40. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 173 pp." type="book" year="2018">Manning &amp; Goldblatt (2018: 107)</bibRefCitation>
] based on their hysteranthous leaves, weakly barred cataphylls, and medifixed anthers that are not deflexed.
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FF88FC18B152FC3B" author="Martinez-Azorin, M. &amp; Crespo, M. B. &amp; Alonso-Vargas, M. A. &amp; Dold, A. P. &amp; Crouch, N. R. &amp; Pfosser, M. &amp; Mucina, L. &amp; Pinter, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W." box="[934,1281,950,976]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="291 - 299" refId="ref106135" refString="Martinez-Azorin, M., Crespo, M. B., Alonso-Vargas, M. A., Dold, A. P., Crouch, N. R., Pfosser, M., Mucina, L., Pinter, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W. (2019 a) New combinations in the tribe Urgineeae (Asparagaceae subfam. Scilloideae) with comments on contrasting taxonomic treatments. Phytotaxa 397 (4): 291 - 299. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 397.4.3" type="journal article" year="2019">
Martínez-Azorín
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80F844FC19B0F0FC3B" box="[1130,1187,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">et al.</emphasis>
(2019a)
</bibRefCitation>
considered the latter distinction insufficient to recognise both sections, and transferred the two new species to
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80F89EFC75B142FC1F" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1837" box="[1200,1297,987,1012]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80F89EFC75B142FC1F" box="[1200,1297,987,1012]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Tenicroa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF87FF80FC93FC50B4A3FAFF" blockId="101.[136,1452,157,1336]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
The phylogenetic analyses of
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FE3EFC50B759FBF3" author="Manning, J. C. &amp; Goldblatt, P. &amp; Fay, M. F." box="[528,778,1022,1048]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="533 - 568" refId="ref104695" refString="Manning, J. C., Goldblatt, P. &amp; Fay, M. F. (2004) A revised generic synopsis of Hyacinthaceae in Sub-Saharan Africa, based on molecular evidence, including new combinations and the new tribe Pseudoprospereae. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 60: 533 - 568. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0960428603000404" type="journal article" year="2004">
Manning
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FE50FC51B6E4FBF3" box="[638,695,1022,1048]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">et al.</emphasis>
(2004)
</bibRefCitation>
recovered two samples of
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80F812FC51B0CEFBF3" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1837" box="[1084,1181,1023,1048]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80F812FC51B0CEFBF3" box="[1084,1181,1023,1048]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Tenicroa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as monophyletic, when excluding
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80FCD3FB8DB51CFBD7" box="[253,335,1059,1084]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Drimia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nana">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FCD3FB8DB51CFBD7" box="[253,335,1059,1084]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">T. nana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the monotypic
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80FE37FB8DB730FBD7" authority="(Pinter et al. 2013)" baseAuthorityName="Pinter" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[537,867,1058,1084]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Mucinaea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FE37FB8DB6DAFBD7" box="[537,649,1059,1084]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Mucinaea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FEB8FB8CB708FBD7" author="Pinter, M. &amp; Crespo, M. B. &amp; Ilg, I. &amp; Luidold, A. K. &amp; Martinez-Azorin, M. &amp; Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W." box="[662,859,1058,1084]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="289 - 304" refId="ref108475" refString="Pinter, M., Crespo, M. B., Ilg, I., Luidold, A. K., Martinez-Azorin, M., M ¸ ller-Doblies, U., M ¸ ller-Doblies, D., Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W. (2013) Mucinaea (Hyacinthaceae-Urgineoideae), a remarkable new genus from Namaqualand (Northern Cape Province, South Africa). Phyton (Horn, Austria) 53 (2): 289 - 304." type="journal article" year="2013">
Pinter
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FECFFB8DB74BFBD7" box="[737,792,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FF42FB8CB01EFBD7" author="Pfosser, M. &amp; Knirsch, W. &amp; Pinter, M. &amp; Ali, S. &amp; Dutta, S. &amp; Wetschnig, W." box="[876,1101,1058,1084]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="65 - 72" refId="ref108358" refString="Pfosser, M., Knirsch, W., Pinter, M., Ali, S., Dutta, S. &amp; Wetschnig, W. (2012) Phylogenetic relationships of Malagasy Hyacinthaceae. Plant Ecology and Evolution 145: 65 - 72. https: // doi. org / 10.5091 / plecevo. 2012.590" type="journal article" year="2012">
Pfosser
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FFEBFB8DB7AFFBD7" box="[965,1020,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">et al.</emphasis>
(2012)
</bibRefCitation>
phylogenetically analysed nine samples of
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80FD2CFBE9B530FB8B" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1837" box="[258,355,1095,1120]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FD2CFBE9B530FB8B" box="[258,355,1095,1120]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Tenicroa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that formed a perfectly supported clade being sister to a clade comprising
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80F8AFFBE8B0B8FB8B" authorityName="Harvey" authorityYear="1844" box="[1153,1259,1094,1120]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Litanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80F8AFFBE8B0B8FB8B" box="[1153,1259,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Litanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
plus
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80F90CFBE8B1F6FB8B" box="[1314,1445,1094,1120]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Schizobasis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80F90CFBE8B1F6FB8B" box="[1314,1445,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Schizobasis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Furthermore, the phylogenetic analyses of
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FE5BFBC4B785FB6F" author="Martinez-Azorin, M. &amp; Crespo, M. B. &amp; Alonso, M. A. &amp; Pinter, M. &amp; Crouch, N. R. &amp; Dold, A. P. &amp; Mucina, L. &amp; Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W." box="[629,982,1130,1156]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="42 - 63" refId="ref106677" refString="Martinez-Azorin, M., Crespo, M. B., Alonso, M. A., Pinter, M., Crouch, N. R., Dold, A. P., Mucina, L., Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W. (2023 a) Molecular phylogenetics of subfamily Urgineoideae (Hyacinthaceae): Towards a coherent generic circumscription informed by molecular, morphological and distributional data. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 63 (1): 42 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jse. 12905" type="journal article" year="2023">
Martínez-Azorín
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FF15FBC5B725FB6F" box="[827,886,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">et al.</emphasis>
(2023a)
</bibRefCitation>
included 21 samples of
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80F8DBFBC5B105FB6F" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1837" box="[1269,1366,1131,1156]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80F8DBFBC5B105FB6F" box="[1269,1366,1131,1156]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Tenicroa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which formed a strongly supported and isolated clade within a large polytomy. Therefore, we here accept
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80F8CBFB21B115FB43" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1837" box="[1253,1350,1167,1192]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80F8CBFB21B115FB43" box="[1253,1350,1167,1192]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Tenicroa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at genus rank based on the unique syndrome of morphological characters and its isolated phylogenetic position, following the latest revision of
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF87FF80FD67FB79B5F9FB1B" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1837" box="[329,426,1239,1264]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tenicroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FD67FB79B5F9FB1B" box="[329,426,1239,1264]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Tenicroa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF87FF80FDFDFB78B6FAFB1B" author="Pinter, M. &amp; Martinez-Azorin, M. &amp; Crespo, M. B. &amp; Alonso-Vargas, M. A. &amp; Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W." box="[467,681,1238,1264]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="61 - 92" refId="ref108647" refString="Pinter, M., Martinez-Azorin, M., Crespo, M. B., Alonso-Vargas, M. A., Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W. (2020) A taxonomic revision of Tenicroa Raf. (Hyacinthaceae, Urgineoideae) - including four new species and new combinations. Phyton (Horn, Austria) 60: 61 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.12905 / 0380. phyton 60 - 2020 - 0061" type="journal article" year="2020">
Pinter
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF87FF80FE33FB79B606FB1B" box="[541,597,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">et al.</emphasis>
(2020)
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, who accepted twelve species restricted to
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and southern
<collectingCountry id="CC8AACFDFF87FF80FCA6FB54B4BFFAFF" box="[136,236,1274,1300]" name="Namibia" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Namibia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF87FF80FC93FAB0B5F0FAD3" blockId="101.[136,1452,157,1336]" box="[189,419,1310,1336]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Accepted species:—</paragraph>
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24.
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<emphasis id="86E9307FFF85FF82FC99FF30B513FF52" bold="true" box="[183,320,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Thuranthos</emphasis>
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in
<bibCitation id="61B7E401FF85FF82FDD3FF30B049FF53" box="[509,1050,158,185]" issue="9" journal="Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew" page="233" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" score="3.024853961039458" volume="1916" year="1916">Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1916(9): 233 (1916)</bibCitation>
(
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,
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Typus generis:—
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<emphasis id="86E9307FFF85FF82F9B9FF31B545FF37" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">T. macranthum</emphasis>
(Baker) C.H.Wright
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≡
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<emphasis id="86E9307FFF85FF82FCB2FF44B4B2FF14" box="[156,225,234,255]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Drimia</emphasis>
sect.
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(C.H.Wright) J.C.Manning &amp; Goldblatt
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in
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pro parte.
<typeStatus id="6B2652CFFF85FF82F85CFF44B0FFFF14" box="[1138,1196,234,255]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Typus</typeStatus>
sectionis:—
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF85FF82F908FF44B1F8FF14" ID-CoL="37P59" authority="(Baker)" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1892" baseAuthorityName="Baker" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[1318,1451,234,255]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Drimia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrantha">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF85FF82F908FF44B1F8FF14" box="[1318,1451,234,255]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">D. macrantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
(Baker) Baker (
<typeStatus id="6B2652CFFF85FF82FD7DFEA0B5FEFECF" box="[339,429,270,292]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FC87BFE6FF85FF8CFCA6FEFCB7FBF848" lastPageId="105" lastPageNumber="106" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="description">
<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF85FF82FCA6FEFCB595FC1F" blockId="103.[136,1458,338,1012]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF85FF82FCA6FEFCB541FE87" bold="true" box="[136,274,338,364]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Description</emphasis>
:—Medium to tall bulbous geophyte.
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF85FF82FE97FEFCB6BDFE87" box="[697,750,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Bulb</emphasis>
hypogeal, ovoid to subglobose,
<quantity id="73654188FF85FF82F874FEFCB0EFFE86" box="[1114,1212,338,365]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" unit="cm" value="9.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="3.0">3‒15 cm</quantity>
in diam., with white, fleshy, spathulate and commonly pediculate, loose scales. Roots thickened and branched.
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF85FF82F8ACFED9B083FE7B" box="[1154,1232,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Leaves</emphasis>
2‒7(‒14) per bulb, hysteranthous,
<quantity id="73654188FF85FF82FD1AFE34B5F6FE5E" box="[308,421,410,437]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" unit="cm" value="40.0" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="10.0">10‒70 cm</quantity>
long, narrowly linear, channelled and usually keeled, green, sometimes basally maculate, somewhat glaucous, smooth, glabrous.
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF85FF82FE11FE10B686FE33" box="[575,725,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Inflorescence</emphasis>
a lax, erect raceme,
<quantity id="73654188FF85FF82FF97FE10B074FE32" box="[953,1063,446,473]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" unit="cm" value="32.5" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="15.0">15‒50 cm</quantity>
long, with 3–40 flowers; peduncle
<quantity id="73654188FF85FF82FCA6FE4CB55AFE16" box="[136,265,482,509]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" unit="cm" value="90.0" valueMax="150.0" valueMin="30.0">30‒150 cm</quantity>
long, erect, terete, smooth; pedicels (10–)
<quantity id="73654188FF85FF82FED8FE4CB725FE16" box="[758,886,482,509]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="50.0" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="30.0">30‒70 mm</quantity>
long, subpatent and arching downwards distally at anthesis, erect in fruit. Bracts ovate-lanceolate,
<quantity id="73654188FF85FF82FEE0FDA8B76FFDCA" box="[718,828,518,545]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="3.0">3‒10 mm</quantity>
long, lowermost with distinct spur, early caducous at flowering and leaving a distinct scar; bracteoles present and evident, also early caducous.
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF85FF82F84CFD84B0EDFDAF" box="[1122,1214,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Flowers</emphasis>
stellate with strongly reflexed tepals at full anthesis, nodding, nocturnal, opening in late evening and closing before sunrise, fragrant during night. Tepals 6, biseriate, (10‒)
<quantity id="73654188FF85FF82FDC0FDDCB639FD66" box="[494,618,626,653]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="26.0" valueMax="37.0" valueMin="15.0">15‒37 mm</quantity>
long, narrowly oblong, obtuse, yellow, brown, carneous or whitish with darker brownish-greenish longitudinal band more evident on abaxial side, almost free to very shortly connate for
<quantity id="73654188FF85FF82F9AFFD38B4E4FD3E" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1‒2 mm</quantity>
.
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF85FF82FCEAFD15B572FD3E" box="[196,289,699,725]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Stamens</emphasis>
6, erect, sigmoid, yellow, brown to white or cream colour; filaments
<quantity id="73654188FF85FF82F86DFD14B0E3FD3E" box="[1091,1200,698,725]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="13.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="7.0">7‒20 mm</quantity>
long, linear, flattened and expanded below and incurved, leaving opening among them to show ovary, connivent to style at upper half/third, and slightly spreading distally and commonly pale in colour, adnate to tepals at base; anthers oblong,
<quantity id="73654188FF85FF82F923FCACB138FCF6" box="[1293,1387,770,797]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="2.0">2‒7 mm</quantity>
long, basifixed, yellow, orange or green, with yellow or white pollen.
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF85FF82FF4DFC89B7FAFCAA" box="[867,937,807,833]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Ovary</emphasis>
ovate to conical, 4.0‒
<quantity id="73654188FF85FF82F889FC88B0AEFCAA" box="[1191,1277,806,833]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="6.5">6.5 mm</quantity>
long, greenish. Style
<quantity id="73654188FF85FF82FCE6FCE4B560FC8E" box="[200,307,842,869]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="14.5" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="7.0">7‒22 mm</quantity>
long, erect, white, columnar, ending in small or distinctly capitate, thickened stigma.
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF85FF82F8DEFCE4B11FFC8F" box="[1264,1356,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Capsule</emphasis>
ovate to oblong or ellipsoid, trigonous, deeply 3-lobed,
<quantity id="73654188FF85FF82FEB3FCC0B744FC62" box="[669,791,878,905]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="30.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="10.0">10‒50 mm</quantity>
long, pale brown, valves completely dehiscing from base, tepals cohering and inrolled above ovary after anthesis, circumcissile from base and persisting as a cap at the top of the developing capsules.
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF85FF82FD57FC18B5EAFC3B" box="[377,441,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Seeds</emphasis>
ellipsoidal to broadly ellipsoid, flattened,
<quantity id="73654188FF85FF82FFBAFC18B7ACFC3A" box="[916,1023,950,977]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="6.0">6‒16 mm</quantity>
long, testa black, glossy, with slightly sinuous anticlinal cell walls.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E0E2BCE5FF85FF82FCA6F875B053F7FF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8308681" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8308681" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8308681/files/figure.png" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" startId="103.[136,229,2011,2033]" targetBox="[154,1433,1044,1984]" targetPageId="103" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF85FF82FCA6F875B053F7FF" blockId="103.[136,1451,2011,2069]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF85FF82FCA6F875B559F81B" bold="true" box="[136,266,2011,2033]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">FIGURE 60.</emphasis>
Species of
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF85FF82FD56F875B60FF81A" authority="C. H. Wright" authorityName="C. H. Wright" authorityYear="1916" box="[376,604,2011,2033]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Thuranthos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF85FF82FD56F875B5B4F81B" box="[376,487,2011,2032]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Thuranthos</emphasis>
C.H.Wright
</taxonomicName>
displayed in horizontal rows of images.
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF85FF82FFCFF875B7A0F81B" bold="true" box="[993,1011,2011,2032]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF85FF82FFD7F875B1F8F81A" authority="(Baker) C. H. Wright" authorityName="C. H. Wright" baseAuthorityName="Baker" box="[1017,1451,2011,2033]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Thuranthos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macranthum">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF85FF82FFD7F875B0B5F81B" box="[1017,1254,2011,2032]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Thuranthos macranthum</emphasis>
(Baker) C.H.Wright
</taxonomicName>
from
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF85FF82FC92F851B512F7FE" author="Wright, C. H." box="[188,321,2047,2069]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" pagination="229 - 235" refId="ref111438" refString="Wright, C. H. (1916) Diagnoses africanae: LXIX. Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information, Royal Gardens, Kew 1916: 229 - 235." type="journal article" year="1916">Wright (1916</bibRefCitation>
: t. 8680);
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF85FF82FD8FF851B5E0F7FF" bold="true" box="[417,435,2047,2068]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF85FF82FD97F851B6AAF7FF" authority="R. A. Dyer" authorityName="R. A. Dyer" authorityYear="1964" box="[441,761,2047,2068]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Thuranthos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nocturnale">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF85FF82FD97F851B6C5F7FF" box="[441,662,2047,2068]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Thuranthos nocturnale</emphasis>
R.A.Dyer
</taxonomicName>
from
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF85FF82FF1AF7AEB7F6F7FE" author="Dyer, R. A." box="[820,933,2047,2069]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" pagination="1439" refId="ref101854" refString="Dyer, R. A. (1964) Thuranthos nocturnale. Flowering Plants of Africa 36: t. 1439." type="journal article" year="1964">Dyer (1964</bibRefCitation>
: t. 1439).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E0E2BCE5FF8AFF8DFCA6F8B4B7B1F89C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8308683" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8308683" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8308683/files/figure.png" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" startId="104.[136,229,1818,1840]" targetBox="[157,1429,198,1789]" targetPageId="104" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF8AFF8DFCA6F8B4B7B1F89C" blockId="104.[136,1451,1818,1912]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8AFF8DFCA6F8B4B558F8C4" bold="true" box="[136,267,1818,1840]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">FIGURE 61.</emphasis>
Species of
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8AFF8DFDAEF8B4B634F8DB" authority="C. H. Wright" authorityName="C. H. Wright" authorityYear="1916" box="[384,615,1818,1840]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Thuranthos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8AFF8DFDAEF8B4B5BCF8C4" box="[384,495,1818,1839]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Thuranthos</emphasis>
C.H.Wright
</taxonomicName>
displayed in horizontal rows of images.
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8AFF8DFFD2F8B4B05DF8C4" bold="true" box="[1020,1038,1818,1839]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8AFF8DF838F8B4B154F8C4" authority="Mart." authorityName="Mart." box="[1046,1287,1818,1839]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Thuranthos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bakeri">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8AFF8DF838F8B4B09AF8C4" box="[1046,1225,1818,1839]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Thuranthos bakeri</emphasis>
Mart.
</taxonomicName>
-Azorín
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8AFF8DF977F8B5B1DFF8C4" box="[1369,1420,1818,1840]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">et al.</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8AFF8DF9B7F8B4B1F8F8C4" bold="true" box="[1433,1451,1818,1839]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8AFF8DFCA6F890B61AF8BF" authority="(Baker) C. H. Wright" authorityName="C. H. Wright" baseAuthorityName="Baker" box="[136,585,1854,1876]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Thuranthos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macranthum">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8AFF8DFCA6F890B52AF8B8" box="[136,377,1854,1875]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Thuranthos macranthum</emphasis>
(Baker) C.H.Wright
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8AFF8DFE78F890B63BF8B8" bold="true" box="[598,616,1854,1875]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8AFF8DFE5FF890B050F8B8" authority="(Stedje) Speta" authorityName="Speta" baseAuthorityName="Stedje" box="[625,1027,1854,1876]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Thuranthos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpum">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8AFF8DFE5FF890B73CF8BF" box="[625,879,1854,1876]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Thuranthos macrocarpum</emphasis>
(Stedje) Speta
</taxonomicName>
(Photographs of flowers by B. Stedje);
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8AFF8DF9B7F890B1F8F8B8" bold="true" box="[1433,1451,1854,1875]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8AFF8DFCA6F8CCB598F89C" authority="R. A. Dyer" authorityName="R. A. Dyer" authorityYear="1964" box="[136,459,1890,1911]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Thuranthos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nocturnale">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8AFF8DFCA6F8CCB536F89C" box="[136,357,1890,1911]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Thuranthos nocturnale</emphasis>
R.A.Dyer
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8AFF8DFDFBF8CCB5B4F89C" bold="true" box="[469,487,1890,1911]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8AFF8DFDC3F8CCB732F89C" authority="(Baker) Mart." authorityName="Mart." baseAuthorityName="Baker" box="[493,865,1890,1912]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Thuranthos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pauciflorum">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8AFF8DFDC3F8CCB685F89C" box="[493,726,1890,1911]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Thuranthos pauciflorum</emphasis>
(Baker) Mart.
</taxonomicName>
-Azorín et al.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF8BFF8CFC93FF30B7EDFEA3" blockId="105.[136,1452,157,1955]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFC93FF30B63AFF5C" bold="true" box="[189,617,157,184]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Number of species and distribution</emphasis>
:—
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFEA3FF30B75DFF53" authorityName="C. H. Wright" authorityYear="1916" box="[653,782,158,184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Thuranthos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFEA3FF30B75DFF53" box="[653,782,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Thuranthos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
includes eight species mostly confined to Southern Africa and East Africa, being in the Uzambara-Zululand Region and the Southern and Eastern Sections of the Zambezian Subregion, with a species occurring in the Karoo‐Namib Region (sensu
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFFECFF48B021FEEB" author="Takhtajan, A." box="[962,1138,230,256]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" refId="ref110444" refString="Takhtajan, A. (1986) Florisitic regions of the World. University of California Press, Berkeley, 522 pp." type="book" year="1986">Takhtajan 1986</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CF882FF48B482FECF" author="Martinez-Azorin, M. &amp; Crespo, M. B. &amp; Alonso, M. A. &amp; Pinter, M. &amp; Crouch, N. R. &amp; Dold, A. P. &amp; Mucina, L. &amp; Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W." pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="42 - 63" refId="ref106677" refString="Martinez-Azorin, M., Crespo, M. B., Alonso, M. A., Pinter, M., Crouch, N. R., Dold, A. P., Mucina, L., Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W. (2023 a) Molecular phylogenetics of subfamily Urgineoideae (Hyacinthaceae): Towards a coherent generic circumscription informed by molecular, morphological and distributional data. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 63 (1): 42 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jse. 12905" type="journal article" year="2023">
Martínez-Azorín
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CF95FFF49B1FFFEEB" box="[1393,1452,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
2023a
</bibRefCitation>
), (
<figureCitation id="2CA6F0E8FF8BFF8CFCC1FEA4B515FECF" box="[239,326,266,292]" captionStart="FIGURE 49" captionStartId="85.[136,229,1841,1863]" captionTargetBox="[155,1429,199,1812]" captionTargetId="figure-19@85.[150,1435,193,1817]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURE 49. Approximate distribution ranges of accepted genera in Urgineoideae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8308656" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8308656/files/figure.png" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
). For further species characterisation see
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFF09FEA4B7E6FECF" author="Dyer, R. A." box="[807,949,266,292]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="1439" refId="ref101854" refString="Dyer, R. A. (1964) Thuranthos nocturnale. Flowering Plants of Africa 36: t. 1439." type="journal article" year="1964">Dyer (1964)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFFEAFEA4B034FECF" author="Stirton, C. H." box="[964,1127,266,292]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="161 - 165" refId="ref110396" refString="Stirton, C. H. (1976) Thuranthos, notes on generic status, morphology, phenology and pollination biology. Bothalia 12: 161 - 165." type="journal article" year="1976">Stirton (1976)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CF858FEA4B104FECF" author="Obermeyer, A. A." box="[1142,1367,266,292]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="139" refId="ref107813" refString="Obermeyer, A. A. (1980 c) A new combination in Thuranthos. Bothalia 13: 139." type="journal article" year="1980">Obermeyer (1980c)</bibRefCitation>
, Stedje (1987),
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFCCFFE80B52CFEA3" author="Speta, F." box="[225,383,302,328]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="261 - 285" refId="ref109653" refString="Speta, F. (1998 a) Hyacinthaceae. In: Kubitzki, K. (Ed.) The families and genera of vascular plants, vol. 3. Springer, Berlin, pp. 261 - 285." type="book chapter" year="1998">Speta (1998a)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFDA5FE80B66BFEA3" author="Newton, L. E." box="[395,568,302,328]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="18 - 20" refId="ref107671" refString="Newton, L. E. (2003) A new Ornithogalum from Kenya. The Plantsman 2: 18 - 20." type="journal article" year="2003">Newton (2003)</bibRefCitation>
, and
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFE5DFE80B7E9FEA3" author="Manning, J. C. &amp; Goldblatt, P." box="[627,954,302,328]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" refId="ref104579" refString="Manning, J. C. &amp; Goldblatt, P. (2018) Systematics of Drimia Jacq. (Hyacinthaceae: Urgineoideae) in southern Africa. Strelitzia 40. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 173 pp." type="book" year="2018">Manning &amp; Goldblatt (2018)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF8BFF8CFC93FEFCB595FE7B" blockId="105.[136,1452,157,1955]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFC93FEFCB568FE87" bold="true" box="[189,315,338,364]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Karyology</emphasis>
:—2n=20 (
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFD9BFEFCB619FE86" author="De Wet, J. M. J." box="[437,586,338,365]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="145 - 159" refId="ref101378" refString="De Wet, J. M. J. (1957) Chromosome numbers in Scilleae. Cytologia 22: 145 - 159." type="journal article" year="1957">De Wet 1957</bibRefCitation>
, as
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFE5CFEFCB03CFE87" authority="(Baker) C. H. Wright" authorityName="C. H. Wright" baseAuthorityName="Baker" box="[626,1135,338,364]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Thuranthos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macranthum">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFE5CFEFCB7D4FE87" box="[626,903,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Thuranthos macranthum</emphasis>
(Baker) C.H.Wright
</taxonomicName>
); 2n=20+4B (
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CF926FEFCB1DDFE87" author="Stedje, B." box="[1288,1422,338,364]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref109956" refString="Stedje, B. (1996) Hyacinthaceae. In: Polhill, R. M. (Ed.) Flora of Tropical East Africa. A. A. Bakelma, Rotterdam, pp. 1 - 32." type="book chapter" year="1996">Stedje 1996</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFCA6FED9B5E9FE7B" authority="Stedje" authorityName="Stedje" authorityYear="1987" box="[136,442,374,400]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Drimia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFCA6FED9B53BFE7B" box="[136,360,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Drimia macrocarpa</emphasis>
Stedje
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF8BFF8CFC93FE37B6D7FD5B" blockId="105.[136,1452,157,1955]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFC93FE37B7D0FE58" bold="true" box="[189,899,409,436]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">History, diagnostic characters, and taxonomic relationships</emphasis>
:—
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFF8DFE34B015FE5F" author="Wright, C. H." box="[931,1094,410,436]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="229 - 235" refId="ref111438" refString="Wright, C. H. (1916) Diagnoses africanae: LXIX. Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information, Royal Gardens, Kew 1916: 229 - 235." type="journal article" year="1916">Wright (1916)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CF8EEFE34B112FE5F" authorityName="C. H. Wright" authorityYear="1916" box="[1216,1345,410,436]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Thuranthos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CF8EEFE34B112FE5F" box="[1216,1345,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Thuranthos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on a distinct species with a remarkable, unique flower morphology within
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFF84FE10B013FE33" box="[938,1088,446,472]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Urgineoideae">Urgineoideae</taxonomicName>
at that time, showing nocturnal, large, nodding flowers with filaments that
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFEA5FE4CB77CFE17" author="Stirton, C. H." box="[651,815,482,508]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="161 - 165" refId="ref110396" refString="Stirton, C. H. (1976) Thuranthos, notes on generic status, morphology, phenology and pollination biology. Bothalia 12: 161 - 165." type="journal article" year="1976">Stirton (1976)</bibRefCitation>
considered an outstanding feature showing flattened, convex basal regions that are connivent to the style at the middle and spread above, resembling a paper lantern with longitudinal slits (
<figureCitation id="2CA6F0E8FF8BFF8CFD7BFD84B5FFFDAF" box="[341,428,554,580]" captionStart="FIGURE 60" captionStartId="103.[136,229,2011,2033]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,1044,1984]" captionTargetId="figure-375@103.[150,1435,1040,1987]" captionTargetPageId="103" captionText="FIGURE 60. Species of Thuranthos C.H.Wright displayed in horizontal rows of images. 1. Thuranthos macranthum (Baker) C.H.Wright from Wright (1916: t. 8680); 2. Thuranthos nocturnale R.A.Dyer from Dyer (1964: t. 1439)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8308681" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8308681/files/figure.png" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Figs 60</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2CA6F0E8FF8BFF8CFD97FD84B58BFDAF" box="[441,472,554,580]" captionStart="FIGURE 61" captionStartId="104.[136,229,1818,1840]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,198,1789]" captionTargetId="figure-23@104.[150,1435,193,1794]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="FIGURE 61. Species of Thuranthos C.H.Wright displayed in horizontal rows of images. 1. Thuranthos bakeri Mart.-Azorín et al.; 2. Thuranthos macranthum (Baker) C.H.Wright; 3. Thuranthos macrocarpum (Stedje) Speta (Photographs of flowers by B. Stedje); 4. Thuranthos nocturnale R.A.Dyer; 5. Thuranthos pauciflorum (Baker) Mart.-Azorín et al." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8308683" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8308683/files/figure.png" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">61</figureCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFDC0FD84B6D8FDAF" author="Speta, F." box="[494,651,554,580]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="261 - 285" refId="ref109653" refString="Speta, F. (1998 a) Hyacinthaceae. In: Kubitzki, K. (Ed.) The families and genera of vascular plants, vol. 3. Springer, Berlin, pp. 261 - 285." type="book chapter" year="1998">Speta (1998a)</bibRefCitation>
accepted this genus based on its evident morphological differentiation from other urgineoids. This genus was characterised by the imbricate, loose bulb scales; keeled, proteranthous leaves; the presence of bracteoles; the nodding, nocturnal flowers with the peculiar morphology of filaments described above, the erect style and the large, flat, ovate seeds.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF8BFF8CFC93FD17B073FAC2" blockId="105.[136,1452,157,1955]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
The phylogenetic study of
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFDD4FD17B733FD38" author="Martinez-Azorin, M. &amp; Crespo, M. B. &amp; Alonso, M. A. &amp; Pinter, M. &amp; Crouch, N. R. &amp; Dold, A. P. &amp; Mucina, L. &amp; Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W." box="[506,864,697,723]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="42 - 63" refId="ref106677" refString="Martinez-Azorin, M., Crespo, M. B., Alonso, M. A., Pinter, M., Crouch, N. R., Dold, A. P., Mucina, L., Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W. (2023 a) Molecular phylogenetics of subfamily Urgineoideae (Hyacinthaceae): Towards a coherent generic circumscription informed by molecular, morphological and distributional data. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 63 (1): 42 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jse. 12905" type="journal article" year="2023">
Martínez-Azorín
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFEECFD14B6ADFD38" box="[706,766,697,723]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
(2023a)
</bibRefCitation>
included six samples of
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CF8A4FD17B1F6FD38" box="[1162,1445,697,723]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Thuranthos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macranthum">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CF8A4FD17B1F6FD38" box="[1162,1445,697,723]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Thuranthos macranthum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFCA6FD73B5E0FD1D" authority="Dyer (1964" authorityName="R. A. Dyer" authorityYear="1964" box="[136,435,732,759]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Thuranthos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nocturnale">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFCA6FD73B573FD1D" box="[136,288,732,758]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">T. nocturnale</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFD05FD73B5E0FD1D" author="Dyer, R. A." box="[299,435,732,759]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="1439" refId="ref101854" refString="Dyer, R. A. (1964) Thuranthos nocturnale. Flowering Plants of Africa 36: t. 1439." type="journal article" year="1964">Dyer (1964</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: t. 1439), and
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFE4FFD73B129FD1C" authority="(Baker 1892: 6) Martinez-Azorin et al. (2019 a: 295)" authorityName="Martinez-Azorin" authorityPageNumber="295" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Baker" baseAuthorityPageNumber="6" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[609,1402,732,759]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Thuranthos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pauciflorum">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFE4FFD73B75AFD1D" box="[609,777,732,758]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">T. pauciflorum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFF35FD72B797FD1D" author="Baker, J. G." box="[795,964,732,758]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="5 - 8" refId="ref99250" refString="Baker, J. G. (1892) Liliaceae novae Africae australis herbarii regii Berolinensis. Botanische Jahrb ¸ cher f ¸ r Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 15 (3, Beil. 35): 5 - 8." type="journal article" year="1892">Baker 1892: 6</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFFF9FD72B129FD1C" author="Martinez-Azorin, M. &amp; Crespo, M. B. &amp; Alonso-Vargas, M. A. &amp; Dold, A. P. &amp; Crouch, N. R. &amp; Pfosser, M. &amp; Mucina, L. &amp; Pinter, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W." box="[983,1402,732,759]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="291 - 299" refId="ref106135" refString="Martinez-Azorin, M., Crespo, M. B., Alonso-Vargas, M. A., Dold, A. P., Crouch, N. R., Pfosser, M., Mucina, L., Pinter, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W. (2019 a) New combinations in the tribe Urgineeae (Asparagaceae subfam. Scilloideae) with comments on contrasting taxonomic treatments. Phytotaxa 397 (4): 291 - 299. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 397.4.3" type="journal article" year="2019">
Martínez-Azorín
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CF8B0FD73B089FD1D" box="[1182,1242,732,758]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
(2019a: 295)
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, the latter including
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFD12FCAEB786FCF2" authority="(Phillips 1917: 306) Obermeyer (1980 c: 139)" authorityName="Obermeyer" authorityPageNumber="139" authorityYear="1980" baseAuthorityName="E. Phillips" baseAuthorityPageNumber="306" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[316,981,767,793]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Thuranthos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="basuticum">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFD12FCAEB598FCF2" box="[316,459,767,793]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">T. basuticum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFDF5FD51B6FCFCF2" author="Phillips, E. P." box="[475,687,767,793]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="1 - 379" refId="ref108418" refString="Phillips, E. P. (1917) A contribution to the flora of the Leribe Plateau and environs. Annals of the South African Museum 16: 1 - 379." type="journal article" year="1917">Phillips 1917: 306</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFE90FD51B786FCF2" author="Obermeyer, A. A." box="[702,981,767,793]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="139" refId="ref107813" refString="Obermeyer, A. A. (1980 c) A new combination in Thuranthos. Bothalia 13: 139." type="journal article" year="1980">Obermeyer (1980c: 139)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in synonymy (see
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CF880FD51B481FCD6" author="Martinez-Azorin, M. &amp; Crespo, M. B. &amp; Alonso-Vargas, M. A. &amp; Dold, A. P. &amp; Crouch, N. R. &amp; Pfosser, M. &amp; Mucina, L. &amp; Pinter, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W." pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="291 - 299" refId="ref106135" refString="Martinez-Azorin, M., Crespo, M. B., Alonso-Vargas, M. A., Dold, A. P., Crouch, N. R., Pfosser, M., Mucina, L., Pinter, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W. (2019 a) New combinations in the tribe Urgineeae (Asparagaceae subfam. Scilloideae) with comments on contrasting taxonomic treatments. Phytotaxa 397 (4): 291 - 299. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 397.4.3" type="journal article" year="2019">
Martínez-Azorín
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CF95CFCAEB1FFFCF2" box="[1394,1452,767,793]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
2019a
</bibRefCitation>
). This is a genus restricted to Southern Africa and East Africa, and one which formed a strongly supported clade included in a polytomy with the monophyletic and well supported
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFF70FCE8B797FC8B" box="[862,964,838,864]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Ledurgia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFF70FCE8B797FC8B" box="[862,964,838,864]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Ledurgia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFFD8FCE8B01FFC8B" box="[1014,1100,838,864]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Zingela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFFD8FCE8B01FFC8B" box="[1014,1100,838,864]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Zingela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CF876FCE8B1F8FC8B" author="Martinez-Azorin, M. &amp; Crespo, M. B. &amp; Alonso, M. A. &amp; Pinter, M. &amp; Crouch, N. R. &amp; Dold, A. P. &amp; Mucina, L. &amp; Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W." box="[1112,1451,838,864]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="42 - 63" refId="ref106677" refString="Martinez-Azorin, M., Crespo, M. B., Alonso, M. A., Pinter, M., Crouch, N. R., Dold, A. P., Mucina, L., Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W. (2023 a) Molecular phylogenetics of subfamily Urgineoideae (Hyacinthaceae): Towards a coherent generic circumscription informed by molecular, morphological and distributional data. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 63 (1): 42 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jse. 12905" type="journal article" year="2023">
Martínez-Azorín
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CF937FCE9B11CFC8B" box="[1305,1359,838,864]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
(2023a)
</bibRefCitation>
considered
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFD27FCC7B5D9FC68" authorityName="C. H. Wright" authorityYear="1916" box="[265,394,873,899]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Thuranthos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFD27FCC7B5D9FC68" box="[265,394,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Thuranthos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to resemble
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFE34FCC7B6F8FC68" box="[538,683,873,899]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Vera-Duthiea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFE34FCC7B6F8FC68" box="[538,683,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Vera-duthiea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on account of the nodding, nocturnal flowers with filaments usually approaching the style at the middle, but differing in the style, which is distinctly deflexed, the spotted, not keeled leaves, the lack of bracteoles [except in
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFE7CFC1EB0FFFC21" authority="(Stedje 1987: 664) Speta (2016: 155)" authorityName="Speta" authorityPageNumber="155" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Stedje" baseAuthorityPageNumber="664" baseAuthorityYear="1987" box="[594,1196,943,970]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Drimia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFE7CFC1EB6ABFC22" box="[594,760,944,969]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">V. macrocarpa</emphasis>
(Stedje 1987: 664)
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFFF2FC01B0FFFC21" author="Speta, F. &amp; Gutermann, W. &amp; Speta, E." box="[988,1196,943,970]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="153 - 159" refId="ref109770" refString="Speta, F. (†) [Edited by Gutermann, W. &amp; Speta, E.] (2016) Substitution of an illegitimate generic name in Hyacinthaceae, and validation of names of already described species in Ornithogalum (Hyacinthaceae) and Pinguicula (Lentibulariaceae). Phyton (Horn, Austria) 56 (2): 153 - 159. https: // doi. org / 10.12905 / 0380. phyton 56 (2) 2016 - 0153" type="journal article" year="2016">Speta (2016: 155)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
], and in their different phylogenetic relationships, as it is sister to
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFE72FC7CB058FC06" authority="(Martinez-Azorin et al. 2023 a)" baseAuthorityName="Martinez-Azorin" baseAuthorityYear="2023" box="[604,1035,978,1005]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Ebertia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFE72FC7CB6E3FC07" box="[604,688,978,1004]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Ebertia</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFE92FC7DB050FC06" author="Martinez-Azorin, M. &amp; Crespo, M. B. &amp; Alonso, M. A. &amp; Pinter, M. &amp; Crouch, N. R. &amp; Dold, A. P. &amp; Mucina, L. &amp; Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W." box="[700,1027,978,1005]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="42 - 63" refId="ref106677" refString="Martinez-Azorin, M., Crespo, M. B., Alonso, M. A., Pinter, M., Crouch, N. R., Dold, A. P., Mucina, L., Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W. (2023 a) Molecular phylogenetics of subfamily Urgineoideae (Hyacinthaceae): Towards a coherent generic circumscription informed by molecular, morphological and distributional data. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 63 (1): 42 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jse. 12905" type="journal article" year="2023">
Martínez-Azorín
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFF51FC7DB7E6FC07" box="[895,949,978,1004]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
2023a
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Our recent unpublished phylogenetic analyses of samples of
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFDBFFC59B71EFBFB" authority="Stedje (1987: 664)" authorityName="Stedje" authorityPageNumber="664" authorityYear="1987" box="[401,845,1014,1040]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Drimia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFDBFFC59B621FBFB" box="[401,626,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Drimia macrocarpa</emphasis>
Stedje (1987: 664)
</taxonomicName>
from Mapanza Mission in
<collectingCountry id="CC8AACFDFF8BFF8CF8ADFC58B08AFBFB" box="[1155,1241,1014,1040]" name="Zambia" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Zambia</collectingCountry>
(
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CF8C4FC58B1D5FBFB" box="[1258,1414,1014,1040]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Robinson 316</emphasis>
K! number H.212/95 90; seeds kindly provided by Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew), show its close relation to
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CF904FBB7B1F8FBD8" authorityName="C. H. Wright" authorityYear="1916" box="[1322,1451,1049,1075]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Thuranthos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CF904FBB7B1F8FBD8" box="[1322,1451,1049,1075]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Thuranthos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
instead of
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFCD1FB92B5C3FBBD" box="[255,400,1084,1110]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Vera-Duthiea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFCD1FB92B5C3FBBD" box="[255,400,1084,1110]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Vera-duthiea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This recent finding facilitates the refinement of the circumscription of the latter two genera and therefore,
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFD02FBF1B5FEFB92" authorityName="C. H. Wright" authorityYear="1916" box="[300,429,1119,1145]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Thuranthos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFD02FBF1B5FEFB92" box="[300,429,1119,1145]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Thuranthos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is expanded to include the species with loose bulb scales, nodding, nocturnal flowers with basally expanded filaments that are sigmoid and connivent to the style along the middle portion and spreading above and presence of bracteoles and
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFDC0FB08B6D5FB2B" box="[494,646,1190,1216]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFDC0FB08B6D1FB2B" box="[494,642,1190,1216]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Vera-Duthiea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Vera-duthiea</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
including species with compact bulb scales, absence of bracteoles and filaments narrow and contracted at the joint to tepals, among other characters. This new circumscription of the two genera eliminates the exception of the presence of bracteoles and loose bulb scales in
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CF87AFB43B0ACFAED" authorityName="Stedje" authorityYear="1987" box="[1108,1279,1261,1286]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Drimia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CF87AFB43B0ACFAED" box="[1108,1279,1261,1286]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">D. macrocarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
when included in
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFC8BFAA1B565FAC2" box="[165,310,1295,1321]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Vera-Duthiea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFC8BFAA1B565FAC2" box="[165,310,1295,1321]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Vera-duthiea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFD71FAA1B5BAFAC2" author="Speta, F." box="[351,489,1295,1321]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="139 - 176" refId="ref109733" refString="Speta, F. (2001) Die Echte und die Falsche Meerzwiebel: Charybdis Speta und Stellarioides Medicus (Hyacinthaceae), mit Neubeschreibungen und Neukombinationen im Anhang. Stapfia 75: 139 - 176." type="journal article" year="2001">Speta (2001</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFDDAFAA1B67DFAC2" author="Speta, F. &amp; Gutermann, W. &amp; Speta, E." box="[500,558,1295,1321]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="153 - 159" refId="ref109770" refString="Speta, F. (†) [Edited by Gutermann, W. &amp; Speta, E.] (2016) Substitution of an illegitimate generic name in Hyacinthaceae, and validation of names of already described species in Ornithogalum (Hyacinthaceae) and Pinguicula (Lentibulariaceae). Phyton (Horn, Austria) 56 (2): 153 - 159. https: // doi. org / 10.12905 / 0380. phyton 56 (2) 2016 - 0153" type="journal article" year="2016">2016</bibRefCitation>
) and
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFE42FAA1B7ECFAC2" author="Martinez-Azorin, M. &amp; Crouch, N. R. &amp; Crespo, M. B." box="[620,959,1295,1321]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="283 - 289" refId="ref106066" refString="Martinez-Azorin, M., Crouch, N. R. &amp; Crespo, M. B. (2018 b) Vera-duthiea zebrina (Asparagaceae, Scilloideae), a new species from eastern South Africa, and a first genus record for southern Africa. Phytotaxa 375 (4): 283 - 289. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 375.4.4" type="journal article" year="2018">
Martínez-Azorín
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFF01FABEB734FAC2" box="[815,871,1295,1321]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
(2018b
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFFE5FAA1B046FAC2" author="Martinez-Azorin, M. &amp; Crespo, M. B. &amp; Alonso, M. A. &amp; Pinter, M. &amp; Crouch, N. R. &amp; Dold, A. P. &amp; Mucina, L. &amp; Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W." box="[971,1045,1295,1321]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="42 - 63" refId="ref106677" refString="Martinez-Azorin, M., Crespo, M. B., Alonso, M. A., Pinter, M., Crouch, N. R., Dold, A. P., Mucina, L., Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W. (2023 a) Molecular phylogenetics of subfamily Urgineoideae (Hyacinthaceae): Towards a coherent generic circumscription informed by molecular, morphological and distributional data. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 63 (1): 42 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jse. 12905" type="journal article" year="2023">2023a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF8BFF8CFC93FA9CB7A3FA32" blockId="105.[136,1452,157,1955]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
Samples of
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFD67FA9CB5CCFAA7" box="[329,415,1330,1356]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Zingela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFD67FA9CB5CCFAA7" box="[329,415,1330,1356]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Zingela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
consistently form a well‐supported clade sharing with
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CF80BFA9CB0F5FAA7" authorityName="C. H. Wright" authorityYear="1916" box="[1061,1190,1330,1356]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Thuranthos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CF80BFA9CB0F5FAA7" box="[1061,1190,1330,1356]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Thuranthos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the loose bulb scales; hysteranthous leaves and presence of bracteoles; however,
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFF66FAF8B7CDFA9B" box="[840,926,1366,1392]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Zingela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFF66FAF8B7CDFA9B" box="[840,926,1366,1392]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Zingela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs by the diurnal flowers and filiform, spreading stamens with circinnate dehisced anthers (
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFEE5FAD7B7CDFA78" author="Crouch, N. R. &amp; Martinez-Azorin, M. &amp; Crespo, M. B. &amp; Pinter, M. &amp; Alonso-Vargas, M. A." box="[715,926,1401,1427]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="33 - 41" refId="ref100923" refString="Crouch, N. R., Martinez-Azorin, M., Crespo, M. B., Pinter, M. &amp; Alonso-Vargas, M. A. (2018) Zingela (Asparagaceae, Scilloideae), a distinct new urgineoid genus from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Phytotaxa 371 (1): 33 - 41. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 371.1.4" type="journal article" year="2018">
Crouch
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFF0BFAD4B70FFA78" box="[805,860,1401,1427]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
), and are placed in a polytomy with
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CF904FAD7B1F8FA78" authorityName="C. H. Wright" authorityYear="1916" box="[1322,1451,1401,1427]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Thuranthos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CF904FAD7B1F8FA78" box="[1322,1451,1401,1427]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Thuranthos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFC97FA32B54CFA5D" box="[185,287,1436,1462]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Ledurgia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFC97FA32B54CFA5D" box="[185,287,1436,1462]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Ledurgia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="2CA6F0E8FF8BFF8CFD1EFA32B527FA5D" box="[304,372,1436,1462]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="13.[136,229,1803,1825]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,193,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[158,1430,191,1777]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 2. Seed morphology in Urgineoideae. 1. Drimia neriniformis Baker; 2. Drimia robusta Baker; 3. Fusifilum capitatum (Hook.) Speta; 4. Fusifilum montanum (A.P.Dold &amp; E.Brink) A.P.Dold et al.; 5. Fusifilum physodes (Jacq.) Speta; 6. Geschollia anomala (Baker) Speta; 7. Geschollia brachyandra Mart.-Azorín et al.; 8. Geschollia calcarata (Baker) Mart.-Azorín et al.; 9. Geschollia globuligera Mart.- Azorín et al.; 10. Geschollia occultans (G.Will.) Mart.-Azorín et al.; 11. Geschollia prolifera Mart.-Azorín et al.; 12. Indurgia congesta (Wight) Speta; 13. Indurgia indica (Roxb.) Speta; 14. Iosanthus amboensis (Baker) Mart.-Azorín et al.; 15. Iosanthus macrostigma Mart.-Azorín et al.; 16. Iosanthus toxicarius (C.Archer &amp; R.H.Archer) Mart.-Azorín et al.; 17. Litanthus pusillus Harv.; 18. Litanthus stenocarpus (J.C.Manning &amp; J.M.J.Deacon) Mart.-Azorín et al.; 19. Mucinaea nana (Snijman) M.Pinter et al.; 20. Rhadamanthopsis haworthioides (Baker) Mart.-Azorín et al. All to the same scale in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8308560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8308560/files/figure.png" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
Fig.
<quantity id="73654188FF8BFF8CFD48FA32B527FA5D" box="[358,372,1436,1462]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" unit="in" value="2.0">2</quantity>
</figureCitation>
in
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFDB5FA32B6B8FA5D" author="Martinez-Azorin, M. &amp; Crespo, M. B. &amp; Alonso, M. A. &amp; Pinter, M. &amp; Crouch, N. R. &amp; Dold, A. P. &amp; Mucina, L. &amp; Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W." box="[411,747,1436,1462]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="42 - 63" refId="ref106677" refString="Martinez-Azorin, M., Crespo, M. B., Alonso, M. A., Pinter, M., Crouch, N. R., Dold, A. P., Mucina, L., Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W. (2023 a) Molecular phylogenetics of subfamily Urgineoideae (Hyacinthaceae): Towards a coherent generic circumscription informed by molecular, morphological and distributional data. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 63 (1): 42 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jse. 12905" type="journal article" year="2023">
Martínez-Azorín
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFE4EFA33B6C9FA5D" box="[608,666,1436,1462]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
2023a
</bibRefCitation>
), which is resolved in the parsimony analyses (
<figureCitation id="2CA6F0E8FF8BFF8CF926FA32B131FA5C" box="[1288,1378,1436,1463]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="16.[136,229,1804,1826]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,193,1777]" captionTargetId="figure-21@16.[158,1430,191,1779]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 5. Seed morphology in Urgineoideae. 1. Tenicroa multifolia (G.J.Lewis) Oberm.; 2. Tenicroa polyantha M.Pinter et al.; 3. Tenicroa unifolia (A.V.Duthie) M.Pinter et al.; 4. Thuranthos bakeri Mart.-Azorín et al.; 5. Thuranthos macrocarpum (Stedje) Speta; 6. Thuranthos nocturnale R.A.Dyer; 7. Thuranthos pauciflorum (Baker) Mart.-Azorín et al.; 8. Triandra pellabergensis Mart.-Azorín et al.; 9. Urginavia altissima (L.f.) Speta; 10. Urginavia capensis (Burm.f.) Mart.-Azorín et al.; 11. Urginavia echinostachya (Baker) Mart.-Azorín et al.; 12. Urginavia kniphofioides (Baker) Mart.-Azorín et al.; 13. Urginavia micrantha (A.Rich.) Speta; 14. Urginavia multisetosa (Baker) Mart.-Azorín et al.; 15. Urginavia simensis (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Mart.-Azorín et al.; 16. Urginea fugax (Moris) Steinh.; 17. Urgineopsis arenosa (Adamson) Mart.-Azorín et al.; 18. Urgineopsis dregei (Baker) Mart.-Azorín et al.; 19. Urgineopsis exilis (Adamson) Mart.-Azorín et al.; 20. Urgineopsis gracilis (A.V.Duthie) Mart.-Azorín et al. All to the same scale in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8308566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8308566/files/figure.png" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Figs S5</figureCitation>
, S
<quantity id="73654188FF8BFF8CF950FA32B1FFFA5D" box="[1406,1452,1436,1462]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" unit="in" value="7.0">
<figureCitation id="2CA6F0E8FF8BFF8CF950FA32B1DFFA5D" box="[1406,1420,1436,1462]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="20.[136,229,1190,1212]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,198,1161]" captionTargetId="figure-21@20.[150,1435,193,1166]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 7. Aulostemon mzimvubuensis (van Jaarsv.) Mart.-Azorín et al." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8308570" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8308570/files/figure.png" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">7</figureCitation>
in
</quantity>
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFCA6FA11B583FA32" author="Martinez-Azorin, M. &amp; Crespo, M. B. &amp; Alonso, M. A. &amp; Pinter, M. &amp; Crouch, N. R. &amp; Dold, A. P. &amp; Mucina, L. &amp; Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W." box="[136,464,1471,1497]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="42 - 63" refId="ref106677" refString="Martinez-Azorin, M., Crespo, M. B., Alonso, M. A., Pinter, M., Crouch, N. R., Dold, A. P., Mucina, L., Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W. (2023 a) Molecular phylogenetics of subfamily Urgineoideae (Hyacinthaceae): Towards a coherent generic circumscription informed by molecular, morphological and distributional data. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 63 (1): 42 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jse. 12905" type="journal article" year="2023">
Martínez-Azorín
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFD65FA6EB5D7FA32" box="[331,388,1471,1497]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
2023a
</bibRefCitation>
) where
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFE04FA11B6C3FA32" box="[554,656,1471,1497]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Ledurgia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFE04FA11B6C3FA32" box="[554,656,1471,1497]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Ledurgia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFEE8FA11B74FFA32" box="[710,796,1471,1497]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Zingela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFEE8FA11B74FFA32" box="[710,796,1471,1497]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Zingela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFF0DFA11B7C8FA32" box="[803,923,1471,1497]" form="sister" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" rank="form">form sister</taxonomicName>
clades.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF8BFF8CFC93FA4CB6B6F9CB" blockId="105.[136,1452,157,1955]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
Therefore, we accept
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFD94FA4CB668FA17" authorityName="C. H. Wright" authorityYear="1916" box="[442,571,1506,1532]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Thuranthos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFD94FA4CB668FA17" box="[442,571,1506,1532]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Thuranthos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a distinct genus following
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFFB0FA4CB012FA17" author="Stirton, C. H." box="[926,1089,1506,1532]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="161 - 165" refId="ref110396" refString="Stirton, C. H. (1976) Thuranthos, notes on generic status, morphology, phenology and pollination biology. Bothalia 12: 161 - 165." type="journal article" year="1976">Stirton (1976)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CF87FFA4CB163FA16" author="Obermeyer, A. A." box="[1105,1328,1506,1533]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="139" refId="ref107813" refString="Obermeyer, A. A. (1980 c) A new combination in Thuranthos. Bothalia 13: 139." type="journal article" year="1980">Obermeyer (1980c)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CF943FA4DB4B2F9CB" author="Speta, F." pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="261 - 285" refId="ref109653" refString="Speta, F. (1998 a) Hyacinthaceae. In: Kubitzki, K. (Ed.) The families and genera of vascular plants, vol. 3. Springer, Berlin, pp. 261 - 285." type="book chapter" year="1998">Speta (1998a)</bibRefCitation>
, though with the necessary recircumscription.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF8BFF8CFC93F987B683F86B" blockId="105.[136,1452,157,1955]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
Manning &amp; Goldblat (2018) accept
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFE6CF984B60DF9A8" box="[578,606,1578,1603]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">D.</emphasis>
sect.
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFEB7F987B749F9A8" authorityName="C. H. Wright" authorityYear="1916" box="[665,794,1577,1603]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Thuranthos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFEB7F987B749F9A8" box="[665,794,1577,1603]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Thuranthos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to include five species from Southern Africa:
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CF925F984B1F7F9A8" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1892" baseAuthorityName="Baker" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[1291,1444,1577,1603]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Drimia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrantha">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CF925F984B1F7F9A8" box="[1291,1444,1577,1603]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">D. macrantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFCA6F9E3B55BF98D" authorityName="J. C. Manning &amp; Goldblatt" authorityYear="2018" baseAuthorityName="E. P. Phillips" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[136,264,1612,1638]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Drimia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="basutica">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFCA6F9E3B55BF98D" box="[136,264,1612,1638]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">D. basutica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFD3BF9E3B5F8F98D" authorityName="J. C. Manning &amp; Goldblatt" authorityYear="2018" box="[277,427,1613,1638]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Drimia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vespertina">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFD3BF9E3B5F8F98D" box="[277,427,1613,1638]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">D. vespertina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(a newly described species from northern
<collectingCountry id="CC8AACFDFF8BFF8CFF51F9E2B78CF98D" box="[895,991,1612,1638]" name="Namibia" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Namibia</collectingCountry>
and southern
<collectingCountry id="CC8AACFDFF8BFF8CF856F9E2B09CF98D" box="[1144,1231,1612,1638]" name="Angola" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Angola</collectingCountry>
),
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CF8CFF9E3B1DFF98D" authorityName="Manning &amp; Goldblatt" authorityYear="2003" box="[1249,1420,1612,1638]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Drimia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hesperantha">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CF8CFF9E3B1DFF98D" box="[1249,1420,1612,1638]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">D. hesperantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFCA6F9DEB51BF962" authorityName="A. V. Duthie. All" authorityYear="1928" box="[136,328,1647,1673]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Urginea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="revoluta">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFCA6F9DEB51BF962" box="[136,328,1647,1673]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Urginea revoluta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFDBEF9DEB5AAF962" baseAuthorityName="Manning &amp; Glodblatt" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[400,505,1647,1673]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Drimia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFDBEF9DEB5AAF962" box="[400,505,1647,1673]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">D. indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. As reported by
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFE98F9C1B046F962" author="Martinez-Azorin, M. &amp; Crouch, N. R. &amp; Crespo, M. B." box="[694,1045,1647,1673]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="283 - 289" refId="ref106066" refString="Martinez-Azorin, M., Crouch, N. R. &amp; Crespo, M. B. (2018 b) Vera-duthiea zebrina (Asparagaceae, Scilloideae), a new species from eastern South Africa, and a first genus record for southern Africa. Phytotaxa 375 (4): 283 - 289. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 375.4.4" type="journal article" year="2018">
Martínez-Azorín
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFF57F9DEB7E1F962" box="[889,946,1647,1673]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
(2018b)
</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CF80FF9DEB093F962" baseAuthorityName="Manning &amp; Glodblatt" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[1057,1216,1647,1673]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Drimia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CF80FF9DEB093F962" box="[1057,1216,1647,1673]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Drimia indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CF96DF9C1B1F7F962" authorityName="J. C. Manning &amp; Lekhak" baseAuthorityName="Speta" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[1347,1444,1647,1673]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Indurgia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CF96DF9C1B1F7F962" box="[1347,1444,1647,1673]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Indurgia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a genus restricted to
<collectingCountry id="CC8AACFDFF8BFF8CFD5FF93CB5F8F947" box="[369,427,1682,1708]" name="India" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">India</collectingCountry>
and neigbouring countries, and plants identified as
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFFDFF93DB00AF947" baseAuthorityName="Manning &amp; Glodblatt" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[1009,1113,1682,1708]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Drimia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFFDFF93DB00AF947" box="[1009,1113,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">D. indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="CC8AACFDFF8BFF8CF853F93CB15EF947" box="[1149,1293,1682,1708]" name="South Africa" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">South Africa</collectingCountry>
were recently described as
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFD34F918B7F6F93A" authority="Martinez-Azorin et al. (2018 b: 285)" authorityName="Martinez-Azorin" authorityPageNumber="285" authorityYear="2018" box="[282,933,1718,1745]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Vera-Duthiea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zebrina">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFD34F918B654F93B" box="[282,519,1718,1744]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Vera-duthiea zebrina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFE20F918B7F6F93A" author="Martinez-Azorin, M. &amp; Crouch, N. R. &amp; Crespo, M. B." box="[526,933,1718,1745]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="283 - 289" refId="ref106066" refString="Martinez-Azorin, M., Crouch, N. R. &amp; Crespo, M. B. (2018 b) Vera-duthiea zebrina (Asparagaceae, Scilloideae), a new species from eastern South Africa, and a first genus record for southern Africa. Phytotaxa 375 (4): 283 - 289. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 375.4.4" type="journal article" year="2018">
Martínez-Azorín
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFEFCF919B758F93B" box="[722,779,1718,1744]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
(2018b: 285)
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFFF3F918B4E2F918" authority="Crouch et al. (2018: 36)" authorityName="Crouch" authorityPageNumber="36" authorityYear="2018" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Zingela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pooleyorum">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFFF3F918B093F93B" box="[989,1216,1718,1744]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Zingela pooleyorum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CF8E6F918B4E2F918" author="Crouch, N. R. &amp; Martinez-Azorin, M. &amp; Crespo, M. B. &amp; Pinter, M. &amp; Alonso-Vargas, M. A." pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="33 - 41" refId="ref100923" refString="Crouch, N. R., Martinez-Azorin, M., Crespo, M. B., Pinter, M. &amp; Alonso-Vargas, M. A. (2018) Zingela (Asparagaceae, Scilloideae), a distinct new urgineoid genus from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Phytotaxa 371 (1): 33 - 41. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 371.1.4" type="journal article" year="2018">
Crouch
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CF90CF919B108F93B" box="[1314,1371,1718,1744]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
(2018: 36)
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Similarly,
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFD1CF974B599F918" authorityName="J. C. Manning &amp; Goldblatt" authorityYear="2018" box="[306,458,1754,1779]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Drimia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vespertina">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFD1CF974B599F918" box="[306,458,1754,1779]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">D. vespertina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems to better fit the concept of
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFF62F977B79EF918" authorityName="C. H. Wright" authorityYear="1916" box="[844,973,1753,1779]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Thuranthos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFF62F977B79EF918" box="[844,973,1753,1779]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Thuranthos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of this work based on flower morphology and the expanded filaments, though the compact bulb scales, the absence of bracteoles, the general small plant size and its distribution makes its inclusion in the genus deviant. Further studies are needed to ascertain its phylogenetic relationships. Finally,
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFDADF8EDB617F8B7" authorityName="A. V. Duthie. All" authorityYear="1928" box="[387,580,1858,1884]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Urginea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="revoluta">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFDADF8EDB617F8B7" box="[387,580,1858,1884]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Urginea revoluta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is excluded from
<taxonomicName id="739D97EEFF8BFF8CFF3DF8ECB7C7F8B7" authorityName="C. H. Wright" authorityYear="1916" box="[787,916,1858,1884]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Thuranthos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFF3DF8ECB7C7F8B7" box="[787,916,1858,1884]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Thuranthos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on flower and seed morphology and our phylogenetic results (
<bibRefCitation id="D00C919CFF8BFF8CFD59F8C8B696F86B" author="Martinez-Azorin, M. &amp; Crespo, M. B. &amp; Alonso, M. A. &amp; Pinter, M. &amp; Crouch, N. R. &amp; Dold, A. P. &amp; Mucina, L. &amp; Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W." box="[375,709,1894,1920]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" pagination="42 - 63" refId="ref106677" refString="Martinez-Azorin, M., Crespo, M. B., Alonso, M. A., Pinter, M., Crouch, N. R., Dold, A. P., Mucina, L., Pfosser, M. &amp; Wetschnig, W. (2023 a) Molecular phylogenetics of subfamily Urgineoideae (Hyacinthaceae): Towards a coherent generic circumscription informed by molecular, morphological and distributional data. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 63 (1): 42 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jse. 12905" type="journal article" year="2023">
Martínez-Azorín
<emphasis id="86E9307FFF8BFF8CFE12F8C9B626F86B" box="[572,629,1894,1920]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
2023a
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B422EC6DFF8BFF8CFC93F827B7FBF848" blockId="105.[136,1452,157,1955]" box="[189,936,1929,1955]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Accepted species and required new combination and new name:—</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>