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data/2B/6F/28/2B6F286C5A8E41DB84D011A4D72FA9FC.xml
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<document id="29C955035A37EC09F9260EFDF1BEBEAA" ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.
11539" ID-GBIF-Dataset="024d3646-5dee-49d4-9ac8-2c6ea11b5902" ID-HNS-Pub="4012" ModsDocAuthor="Forel,A." ModsDocDate="1907" ModsDocID="8171" ModsDocOrigin="10.5281/zenodo. 11539" ModsDocTitle="Ameisen von Madagaskar, den Comoren und Ostafrika." checkinTime="1243378235540" checkinUser="christiana" docAuthor="Forel, A." docDate="1907" docId="2B6F286C5A8E41DB84D011A4D72FA9FC" docLanguage="de" docName="8171" docOrigin="Ameisen von Madagaskar, den Comoren und Ostafrika (Reise in Ostafrika in den Jahren 1903 - 1905 mitteln der Hermann und Elise geb. Heckmann Wentzel-Stiftung ausgeführt von Professor Dr. Alfred Voeltzkow. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse 2 (2))" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11539" docTitle="Prenolepis humblotii" docType="treatment" docVersion="17" lastPageNumber="88" masterDocId="53F8EC9484B369875E84E41D5C807217" masterDocTitle="Ameisen von Madagaskar, den Comoren und Ostafrika." masterLastPageNumber="92" masterPageNumber="75" pageNumber="88" updateTime="1701312296665" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="D0950432C50EDA44476FFF15760386D7">Reise in Ostafrika in den Jahren 1903 - 1905 mitteln der Hermann und Elise geb. Heckmann Wentzel-Stiftung ausgeführt von Professor Dr. Alfred Voeltzkow. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse</mods:title>
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<treatment id="2B6F286C5A8E41DB84D011A4D72FA9FC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6291345" ID-GBIF-Taxon="125136507" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6291345" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B6F286C5A8E41DB84D011A4D72FA9FC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B6F286C5A8E41DB84D011A4D72FA9FC" lastPageNumber="88" pageNumber="88">
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<taxonomicName id="32C0B38E9D844F48CFCBD5CCE6EAA8DB" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:192704" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Prenolepis humblotii Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humblotii">Prenolepis Humblotii</taxonomicName>
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Forel,
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||||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="415B6774E01777D6D52390C6F08885EC" type="materials_examined">
|
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<paragraph id="9F8E5791B22EAEF475D587191E4B7D6B" pageNumber="88">☿. Fundnotiz: Tamatave (Madagaskar).</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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</treatment>
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</document>
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data/2B/6F/3E/2B6F3E5E38B8F8B5654FE13D2662E3B1.xml
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data/2B/6F/3E/2B6F3E5E38B8F8B5654FE13D2662E3B1.xml
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<mods:namePart>Oezkuetuek, Recep Sulhi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Elverici, Mert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Marusik, Yuri M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Kunt, Kadir Bogac</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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|
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Materials</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2011-04-24" collectingMethod="sifter" collectionCode="AUZM" collectorName="R. S. Oezkuetuek" country="Turkey" location="Tasatan Plateau" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="Holotype">
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Type status:
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R.S.
|
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|
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; sex:
|
||||
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|
||||
; lifeStage:
|
||||
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">adult</specimenType>
|
||||
; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); disposition: in collection; Taxon: scientificName: Harpacteaalanyana; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Dysderidae; genus: Harpactea; specificEpithet: alanyana; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: continent: Asia; country:
|
||||
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
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; countryCode: TR; stateProvince: Mediterranean; county: Antalya; municipality: Alanya; locality:
|
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B6F3E5E38B8F8B5654FE13D2662E3B1:9D4D8D30436D803AEE86D14D31F3E086" country="Turkey" name="Tasatan Plateau" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Taşatan">Tasatan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Plateau
|
||||
</location>
|
||||
; verbatimLatitude: 36°38'37.3500"; verbatimLongitude: 032°04'42.0900"; verbatimCoordinateSystem: degrees minutes seconds; Event: samplingProtocol:
|
||||
<collectingMethod pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">sifter</collectingMethod>
|
||||
; eventDate:
|
||||
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" value="2011-04-24">24 April 2011</collectingDate>
|
||||
; habitat: pine forest; Record Level: institutionCode:
|
||||
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">AUZM</collectionCode>
|
||||
; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2013-01-03" collectingMethod="sifter" collectionCode="NHMG" collectorName="M. Elverici" country="Turkey" location="Asmaca Village" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="Paratype">
|
||||
Type status:
|
||||
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||||
. Occurrence: recordedBy:
|
||||
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">M. Elverici</collectorName>
|
||||
; sex:
|
||||
<specimenCount type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
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|
||||
; lifeStage:
|
||||
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">adult</specimenType>
|
||||
; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); disposition: in collection; Taxon: scientificName: Harpacteaalanyana; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Dysderidae; genus: Harpactea; specificEpithet: alanyana; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: continent: Asia; country:
|
||||
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||||
; countryCode: TR; stateProvince: Mediterranean; county: Antalya; municipality: Alanya; locality:
|
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B6F3E5E38B8F8B5654FE13D2662E3B1:B0B2FA3FEB5CDBF0697E97A78F34FCA8" country="Turkey" name="Asmaca Village" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Asmaca Village</location>
|
||||
; verbatimLatitude: 36°36'32.3000"; verbatimLongitude: 032°03'12.4000"; verbatimCoordinateSystem: degrees minutes seconds; Event: samplingProtocol:
|
||||
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|
||||
; eventDate:
|
||||
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" value="2013-01-03">3 January 2013</collectingDate>
|
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|
||||
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|
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|
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|
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|
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Type status:
|
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|
||||
. Occurrence: recordedBy:
|
||||
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">M. Elverici</collectorName>
|
||||
; sex:
|
||||
<specimenCount type="female">2 female</specimenCount>
|
||||
; lifeStage:
|
||||
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">adult</specimenType>
|
||||
; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); disposition: in collection; Taxon: scientificName: Harpacteaalanyana; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Dysderidae; genus: Harpactea; specificEpithet: alanyana; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: continent: Asia; country:
|
||||
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
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|
||||
; verbatimLatitude: 36°36'32.3000"; verbatimLongitude: 032°03'12.4000"; verbatimCoordinateSystem: degrees minutes seconds; Event: samplingProtocol:
|
||||
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|
||||
; eventDate:
|
||||
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" value="2013-01-03">3 January 2013</collectingDate>
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2013-01-06" collectingMethod="sifter" collectionCode="ZMMU" collectorName="K. B. Kunt" country="Turkey" location="Avsallar Town" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="Paratype">
|
||||
Type status:
|
||||
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
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. Occurrence: recordedBy:
|
||||
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">K.B. Kunt</collectorName>
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||||
; sex:
|
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|
||||
,
|
||||
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|
||||
; lifeStage:
|
||||
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">adult</specimenType>
|
||||
; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); disposition: in collection; Taxon: scientificName: Harpacteaalanyana; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Dysderidae; genus: Harpactea; specificEpithet: alanyana; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: continent: Asia; country:
|
||||
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
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; countryCode: TR; stateProvince: Mediterranean; county: Antalya; municipality: Alanya; locality:
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B6F3E5E38B8F8B5654FE13D2662E3B1:D7B5A52DDFC670A936B8B781AD039912" country="Turkey" name="Avsallar Town" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Avsallar Town</location>
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; verbatimLatitude: 36°38'21.5000"; verbatimLongitude: 031°45'24.9000"; verbatimCoordinateSystem: degrees minutes seconds; Event: samplingProtocol:
|
||||
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||||
; eventDate:
|
||||
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" value="2013-01-06">6 January 2013</collectingDate>
|
||||
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||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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||||
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||||
Type status:
|
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. Occurrence: recordedBy:
|
||||
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,
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||||
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|
||||
; lifeStage:
|
||||
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">adult</specimenType>
|
||||
; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); disposition: in collection; Taxon: scientificName: Harpacteaalanyana; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Dysderidae; genus: Harpactea; specificEpithet: alanyana; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: continent: Asia; country:
|
||||
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||||
; countryCode: TR; stateProvince: Mediterranean; county: Antalya; municipality: Alanya; locality:
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B6F3E5E38B8F8B5654FE13D2662E3B1:33EE9DBD0E765DCD025FACB28DB89978" country="Turkey" name="Avsallar Town" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Avsallar Town</location>
|
||||
; verbatimLatitude: 36°38'21.5000"; verbatimLongitude: 031°45'24.9000"; verbatimCoordinateSystem: degrees minutes seconds; Event: samplingProtocol:
|
||||
<collectingMethod pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">sifter</collectingMethod>
|
||||
; eventDate:
|
||||
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" value="2013-01-06">6 January 2013</collectingDate>
|
||||
; habitat: pine forest; Record Level: institutionCode:
|
||||
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1969-06-04" collectionCode="MCSNV" country="Turkey" location="Borabay Lake" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Other material">
|
||||
Type status:
|
||||
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Other material</typeStatus>
|
||||
. Taxon: scientificName: Harpacteaosellai Brignoli, 1978; namePublishedIn: Brignoli P.M. 1978. Ragni di Turchia V. Specie nuove o interessanti, cavernicole ed epigee, di varie famiglie (Araneae). Revue suisse de Zoologie. Vol.85. P.461-541.; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Dysderidae; genus: Harpactea; specificEpithet: osellai; taxonomicStatus: accepted; Location: country:
|
||||
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||||
; countryCode: TR; stateProvince: Amasya; locality:
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B6F3E5E38B8F8B5654FE13D2662E3B1:BC950F7DB4CC6466C869D8A09CA550E0" country="Turkey" name="Borabay Lake" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Borabay Lake</location>
|
||||
; Event: eventDate:
|
||||
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" value="1969-06-04">4 June 1969</collectingDate>
|
||||
; Record Level: institutionCode:
|
||||
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">MCSNV</collectionCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Description</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Measurements [Holotype ♂ / Paratype ♀]: AL 1.88 / 3.00; CL 1.70 / 2.28; CWmax 1.30 / 1.72; CWmin 0.63 / 0.92; AMEd 0.08 / 0.11; PLEd 0.07 / 0.09; PMEd 0.05 / 0.08; ChF 0.28 / 0.40; ChG 0.25 / 0.27; ChL 0.64 / 0.93. Leg measurements are given in (Table 1).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">No apparent dimorphism between the sexes except in body sizes. Carapace hexagonal, reddish brown, dull and smooth. Carapace covered with very short, tiny and sparsely distributed setae. AME, PLE and PME closely grouped; AME separated (Fig. 1a, b, c, d). Sternum yellowish. Margins of sternum brownish. Labium, gnathocoxae and chelicerae brownish; darker than sternum. Retrolateral edges at the distal part of the gnathocoxae with dense greyish-light brown setae. Distal part of gnathocoxae retrolaterally sclerotized. Anterior surface of chelicera with blackish, dark brown tubercles, with one seta on each.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Cheliceral groove with four teeth; at retromargin, with a small tooth located at the base of the groove, and with a more developed second tooth a little above the second quarter. Both retromarginal teeth conical and tubercular. Promarginal teeth more strongly developed; the one closer to the base of the cheliceral groove larger and almost twice the size of the other (Fig. 1e, f). Abdomen cylindrical, yellowish; covered with tiny brownish hairs dorsally and ventrally (Fig. 1a).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Legs yellowish brown, covered with tiny brownish hairs on all surface. Leg formula IV, I, II, III. Tarsi with three claws. Paired claws toothed. Paired claws of leg I and II with 7 teeth; leg III and IV with 4 teeth. Scopula weak and in ventral position on the first distal half on 3rd and 4th tarsi and on 4th metatarsus; relatively strongly developed on 3rd metatarsus in ventral position at the first distal half. Coxae III with 1 prolateral spine; coxae IV with 1-2 prolateral spines. Patellae III with 1 spine dorsally. Further details on leg spination are given in (Table 2).</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" type="palp">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Palp</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Bulbus almost oval, yellowish brown, with embolus and two apophyses. An apparent membranous part between the bulb and the distal appendages; embolus hook-shaped, black, almost homogenously sclerotized. Bent anteriorly following the same course as apophysisb. Apophysisa L-shaped, apically well sclerotized, short and strong. Apophysisb separated from the membranous part of the bulbus with a wide angle from the base and orientates anteriorly. Apically blunt, conical and in the shape of a triangular apophysis in retrolateral view (Fig. 2).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSection>
|
||||
<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" type="vulva">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Vulva</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Distal expansion of spermatheca tenuously developed between distal crest and rod-shaped part of the anterior spermatheca. Nevertheless, it is more sclerotized at the surface compared to other parts of the anterior spermatheca. Distal crest gradually tapers through the tip. Rod-shaped part of the anterior spermatheca almost one and a half times the length of the distal crest. Basal transverse part of the anterior spermatheca widens through laterals and narrows through the tips, in the shape of open wings. A ring-shaped strongly sclerotized structure is apparent at the juncture of the rod-shaped part of the anterior spermatheca and the basal transverse part of the anterior spermatheca. Transverse bar in the shape of a lip. Posterior diverticulum prominent, and in the form of a broad membranous sac (Fig. 3).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSection>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Diagnosis</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Harpactea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpactea alanyana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alanyana">Harpactea alanyana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. can be easily distinguished from all known species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Harpactea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpactea" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Harpactea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the unique structures of the male and female copulatory organs. The male palp of the new species is similar to that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. osellai" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" rank="species" species="osellai">H. osellai</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. However, the two species can be easily separated by the shape of the bulb; by having a less curled embolus compared to
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. osellai" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" rank="species" species="osellai">H. osellai</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and by the shape of the distal apophysis (Fig. 4a, b). Additionally, the two species also differ in their body sizes and by the morphology of the female vulvae (Fig. 4c).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Etymology</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">The specific name refers to the type locality (Alanya District, Antalya Province, Turkey).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Distribution</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Harpactea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpactea alanyana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alanyana">Harpactea alanyana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. is currently known only from the type locality and its vicinity.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Ecology</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">
|
||||
All specimens were collected from slopes and ridges lying parallel to the coastline, from sea level up to a maximum of around 1200 m on peaks of the Taurides Mountain range, by sifting tree litter of mixed forest with the following species
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus nigra" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nigra">Pinus nigra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus coccifera" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="coccifera">Quercus coccifera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Arbutus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Arbutus andrachne" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="andrachne">Arbutus andrachne</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Ceratonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ceratonia siliqua" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="siliqua">Ceratonia siliqua</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, etc. Adult males are known to be active from late autumn until the middle of spring, while females are only known from the winter.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" type="taxon discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Taxon discussion</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Brignoli, P. M." journalOrPublisher="Revue suisse de Zoologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" pagination="461 - 541" title="Ragni di Turchia V. Specie nuove o interessanti, cavernicole ed epigee, di varie famiglie (Araneae)" volume="85" year="1978">Brignoli (1978a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
placed
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. osellai" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" rank="species" species="osellai">H. osellai</taxonomicName>
|
||||
under hombergi group, babori subgroup. A wide or flat embolus and a conspicuous Apa are characteristics of the babori subgroup.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Deeleman-Reinhold, C. L." journalOrPublisher="Revue Arachnologique" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" pagination="105 - 135" title="The genus Rhode and the harpacteine genera Stalagtia, Folkia, Minotauria, and Kaemis (Araneae, Dysderidae) of Yugoslavia nad Crete, with remark on the genus Harpactea" volume="10" year="1993">Deeleman-Reinhold (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
classified
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Harpactea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpactea" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Harpactea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
under four major groups by considering structure of male and female reproductive organs, spination on legs and partly biogeographic distributions of the species. Among these groups, "D. group rubicunda" is characterized by the structure of vulva with a broad and membranous posterior diverticulum on female, and on male generally by the structure of bulb being globular and embolus and conductor (Apa) being massive. Besides, coxae IV and patellae III can have 1 or more spines.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. alanyana" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" rank="species" species="alanyana">H. alanyana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">1. Based on the oval bulbus, the massive embolus and apophysisa,</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">2. the presence of spines on the patellae and coxae,</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">
|
||||
"
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. alanyana" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" rank="species" species="alanyana">H. alanyana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
" belongs to "D. group rubicunda" by the characters stated above.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" type="notes">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">Notes</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4419">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Brignoli, P. M." journalOrPublisher="Revue suisse de Zoologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" pagination="461 - 541" title="Ragni di Turchia V. Specie nuove o interessanti, cavernicole ed epigee, di varie famiglie (Araneae)" volume="85" year="1978">Brignoli (1978a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
indicated in the label information that the holotype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. osellai" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" rank="species" species="osellai">H. osellai</taxonomicName>
|
||||
had been preserved in "The Natural History Museum of Geneva" and the paratype in the "Civic Museum of Natural History of Verona". We incidentally learned that it was the opposite, which means that the male holotype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. osellai" pageId="0" pageNumber="4419" rank="species" species="osellai">H. osellai</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is currently held in the "Civic Museum of Natural History of Verona" and the female paratype is found in "The Natural History Museum of Geneva".
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
517
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Normal file
517
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<emphasis id="91B20958AA06FFF8FF692BABFDA1C3EB" bold="true" box="[151,525,1498,1524]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
Tribe
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA06FFF8FF1C2BABFEC3C3EB" box="[226,367,1498,1524]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Amycterini">Amycterini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Waterhouse
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A379D54AAA06FFF8FF382B8CFD98C07D" blockId="7.[151,811,1498,1634]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
Amycteridae
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA06FFF8FE9B2B8CFDD3C008" author="Waterhouse" box="[357,639,1533,1559]" pageId="7" pageNumber="31" refString="Waterhouse, G. R. (1854) Notes on the species of Amycterus and allied genera, with descriptions of some new species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, (2) 3 (2), 75 - 80." type="journal article" year="1854">G. R. Waterhouse, 1854</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 75 (footnote). Euomides
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA06FFF8FEBD2853FDA3C023" author="Lacordaire" box="[323,527,1570,1596]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="Lacordaire, M. T. (1863) Histoire naturelle des insectes. Genera des Coleopteres ou expose methodique et critique de tous les genres proposes jusqu'ici dans cet ordre d'insectes, Vol. 6. Roret, Paris, 637 pp." type="book" year="1863">Lacordaire, 1863</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 309, 315. Psaliduridae
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA06FFF8FEA02839FE59C07D" author="Pierce" box="[350,501,1608,1634]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" refString="Pierce, W. D. (1914) New potato weevils from Andean South America. Journal of Agricultural Research, 1 (4), 347 - 352." type="journal article" year="1914">Pierce, 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 350.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBDC86C1AA06FFF6FF6928E3FDF9C54D" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A379D54AAA06FFF8FF6928E3FDDDC193" blockId="7.[151,1437,1682,2007]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
This group of large, ponderous weevils, iconic of the Australian weevil fauna, is not only the largest but also the best-studied tribe of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA06FFF8FE4628C9FDE6C0CD" box="[440,586,1720,1746]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cyclominae">Cyclominae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, having been taxonomically treated first by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA06FFF8FBAD28C9FAA5C0CD" author="Macleay" box="[1107,1289,1720,1746]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="Macleay, W. J. (1865) The genera and species of the Amycteridae. Transactions of the Entomological Society of New South Wales, 1, 199 - 298." type="journal article" year="1865">Macleay (1865</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA06FFF8FAEB28C9FAF8C0CD" author="Macleay" box="[1301,1364,1720,1746]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refString="Macleay, W. J. (1866) New species of Amycteridae. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of New South Wales, 1, 319 - 340." type="journal article" year="1866">1866</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), then by Ferguson in 17 papers between
|
||||
<date id="D778F38AAA06FFF8FDCC28ACFD4EC0E8" box="[562,738,1757,1783]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1909" valueMax="1923">1909 and 1923</date>
|
||||
and lastly by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA06FFF8FC7928ACFBDEC0E8" author="Zimmerman" box="[903,1138,1757,1783]" pageId="7" pageNumber="31" refString="Zimmerman, E. C. (1993) Australian Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Volume III - Nanophyidae, Rhynchophoridae, Erirhinidae, Curculionidae: Amycterinae, Literature consulted. CSIRO, Australia, 854 pp." type="book" year="1993">Zimmerman (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. Zimmerman’s copiously illustrated work modernised Ferguson’s treatment significantly but did not greatly alter the concepts and numbers of the genera and species (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA06FFF8FDBC2959FC6FC15D" author="Richardson" box="[578,963,1832,1858]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" refString="Richardson, B. J. & Oberprieler, R. G. (2007) The diversity of Linnaean communities: a way of detecting invertebrate groups at risk of extinction. Journal of Insect Conservation, 11 (3), 287 - 297." type="journal article" year="2007">Richardson & Oberprieler 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), and he himself recognised it only as a preliminary guide to the group rather than as a complete revision and that his amycterine classification was in need of corroboration by genital studies.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A379D54AAA06FFF7FF3A29E9FBFBC41D" blockId="7.[151,1437,1682,2007]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1438,152,2013]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA06FFF8FF3A29E9FE0AC1AD" author="Schoenherr" box="[196,422,1944,1970]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" refString="Schoenherr, C. J. (1823) Curculionides. Tabula synoptica familiae Curculionidum. Isis von Oken, 1823 (10), columns 1132 - 1146." type="journal article" year="1823">Schoenherr (1823)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
first placed his genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA06FFF8FD4629E9FC9BC1AE" box="[696,823,1944,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Amycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA06FFF8FD4629E9FC9BC1AE" box="[696,823,1944,1969]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Amycterus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in a division Amblyrhinides but later (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA06FFF8FAEF29E9FF78C1C8" author="Schoenherr" pageId="7" pageNumber="31" refString="Schoenherr, C. J. (1826) Curculionidum dispositio methodica cum generum characteribus, descriptionibus atque observationibus variis seu Prodromus ad Synonymiae Insectorum, partem IV. Fleischer, Lipsiae, 338 pp." type="book" year="1826">Schoenherr 1826</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) included it together with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA06FFF8FDEE29CFFD28C1C8" box="[528,644,1982,2007]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cyclomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA06FFF8FDEE29CFFD28C1C8" box="[528,644,1982,2007]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cyclomus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in his division Cyclomides.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA06FFF8FC2529CCFB10C1C8" author="Waterhouse" box="[987,1212,1981,2007]" pageId="7" pageNumber="31" refString="Waterhouse, G. R. (1854) Notes on the species of Amycterus and allied genera, with descriptions of some new species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, (2) 3 (2), 75 - 80." type="journal article" year="1854">Waterhouse (1854)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
proposed a family Amycteridae for
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FEA12EE9FE77C6AE" box="[351,475,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Amycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FEA12EE9FE77C6AE" box="[351,475,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Amycterus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and four other Australian genera (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FC8E2EE9FB0DC6AD" authority="Boisduval" authorityName="Boisduval" box="[880,1185,152,178]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Acantholophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FC8E2EE9FB8CC6AE" box="[880,1056,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Acantholophus</emphasis>
|
||||
Boisduval
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FB522EE9FA38C6AD" authority="Schoenherr" authorityName="Schoenherr" box="[1196,1428,152,178]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Euomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FB522EE9FAA6C6AE" box="[1196,1290,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Euomus</emphasis>
|
||||
Schoenherr
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FF692ECCFE37C6C8" authority="Schoenherr" authorityName="Schoenherr" box="[151,411,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Mythites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FF692ECCFEAFC6C9" box="[151,259,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Mythites</emphasis>
|
||||
Schoenherr
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FE242ECCFCBDC6C8" authority="Waterhouse" authorityName="Waterhouse" box="[474,785,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tetralophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FE242ECCFDC3C6C9" box="[474,623,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Tetralophus</emphasis>
|
||||
Waterhouse
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA09FFF7FCA32ECCFBEEC6C8" author="Lacordaire" box="[861,1090,189,215]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" refString="Lacordaire, M. T. (1863) Histoire naturelle des insectes. Genera des Coleopteres ou expose methodique et critique de tous les genres proposes jusqu'ici dans cet ordre d'insectes, Vol. 6. Roret, Paris, 637 pp." type="book" year="1863">Lacordaire (1863)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
divided the group into two sections, the Amycterides
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FE212E93FDB1C6E4" box="[479,541,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">vrais</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FDCE2E93FBF8C6E4" box="[560,1108,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FDCE2E93FD19C6E4" box="[560,693,226,251]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Amycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amycterus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FD3C2E93FCD2C6E4" box="[706,894,226,251]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Acantholophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Acantholophus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FC752E93FBF8C6E4" authority="Lacordaire" authorityName="Lacordaire" box="[907,1108,226,251]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cubicorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cubicorhynchus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Lacordaire and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FADE2E93FF42C73D" authority="Fischer" authorityName="Fischer" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phalidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FADE2E93FA31C6E4" box="[1312,1437,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Phalidura</emphasis>
|
||||
Fischer
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
von Waldheim) and the Euomides (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FD632F79FC4EC73D" authority="Lacordaire" authorityName="Lacordaire" box="[669,994,264,290]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Amorphorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FD632F79FCFAC73E" box="[669,854,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Amorphorhinus</emphasis>
|
||||
Lacordaire
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FC102F79FBE1C73E" box="[1006,1101,264,289]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Euomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FC102F79FBE1C73E" box="[1006,1101,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Euomus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FBA32F79FB6FC73E" box="[1117,1219,264,289]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Mythites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FBA32F79FB6FC73E" box="[1117,1219,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Mythites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FB002F79FA26C73E" box="[1278,1418,264,289]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tetralophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FB002F79FA26C73E" box="[1278,1418,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Tetralophus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), based on the length of the scapes (passing the posterior margin of the eyes in the former but not in the latter).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA09FFF7FF692F23FED2C773" author="Zimmerman" box="[151,382,338,364]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" refString="Zimmerman, E. C. (1993) Australian Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Volume III - Nanophyidae, Rhynchophoridae, Erirhinidae, Curculionidae: Amycterinae, Literature consulted. CSIRO, Australia, 854 pp." type="book" year="1993">Zimmerman (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
found this difference unworkable but tentatively kept Lacordaire’s groupings as subtribal entities (Amycterina and Euomina) based on the different structures of their oral cavity, although a number of genera have both conditions. A third family-group name, Acantholophini, was proposed by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA09FFF7FB0B2FECFEC6C7C3" author="Schenkling" pageId="8" pageNumber="30" refString="Schenkling, S. & Marshall, G. A. K. (1931 b) Curculionidae: Dinomorphinae, Somatodinae, Amycterinae, Gonipterinae. Pp. 1 - 2, 1 - 39, 1 - 11. In: Schenkling, S. (Ed.), Coleopterorum Catalogus, Pars 116. W. Junk, Berlin." type="journal article" year="1931" yearSuffix="b">
|
||||
Schenkling &
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA09FFF7FF692FB3FEAEC7C3" box="[151,258,450,476]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Marshall</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(1931b)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
but is nomenclaturally unavailable because it is not accompanied by any description, as required for names published after 1930 (see also
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA09FFF7FD1E2F99FBE6C41D" author="Alonso-Zarazaga" box="[736,1098,488,514]" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" refString="Alonso-Zarazaga, M. A. & Lyal, C. H. C. (1999) A World Catalogue of Families and Genera of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) (excepting Scolytidae and Platypodidae). Entomopraxis, S. C. P., Spain, 315 pp." type="book" year="1999">Alonso-Zarazaga & Lyal 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A379D54AAA09FFF7FF3A2C7CFE56C548" blockId="8.[151,1438,152,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
Controversy surrounds the name of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C7D6BE8AA09FFF7FD6C2C7CFD68C438" box="[658,708,525,551]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
genus of the tribe.
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA09FFF7FC5B2C7CFC6AC438" box="[933,966,525,551]" name="American Samoa" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">As</collectingCountry>
|
||||
with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FBF62C7CFADCC438" authority="Schoenherr (1823)" authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1823" box="[1032,1392,525,551]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Somatodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FBF62C7CFB2BC439" box="[1032,1159,525,550]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Somatodes</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA09FFF7FB6B2C7CFADCC438" author="Schoenherr" box="[1173,1392,525,551]" pageId="8" pageNumber="30" refString="Schoenherr, C. J. (1823) Curculionides. Tabula synoptica familiae Curculionidum. Isis von Oken, 1823 (10), columns 1132 - 1146." type="journal article" year="1823">Schoenherr (1823)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
did not furnish a description for either the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FD4C2C43FC83C454" box="[690,815,562,587]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Amycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FD4C2C43FC83C454" box="[690,815,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Amycterus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or for its
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C7D6BE8AA09FFF7FC582C43FC75C453" box="[934,985,562,588]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
and single included species,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FAC82C43FA39C454" box="[1334,1429,562,587]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Amycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="talpa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FAC82C43FA39C454" box="[1334,1429,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. talpa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but since
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FEF92C29FE2FC46E" box="[263,387,600,625]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Amycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FEF92C29FE2FC46E" box="[263,387,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Amycterus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is the only genus included in his Cohors 2 of Subdivisio 1 of the division Amblyrhinides, which is briefly characterised, both
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FD9D2C0CFD44C489" box="[611,744,637,662]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Amycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FD9D2C0CFD44C489" box="[611,744,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Amycterus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FCD92C0CFCC4C489" box="[807,872,637,662]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Amycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="talpa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FCD92C0CFCC4C489" box="[807,872,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">talpa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are in fact validated by this short combined description (as are
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FE722CD3FDB8C4A4" box="[396,532,674,699]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Somatodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FE722CD3FDB8C4A4" box="[396,532,674,699]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Somatodes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FDAD2CD3FD1EC4A4" box="[595,690,674,699]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Curculio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanctus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FDAD2CD3FD1EC4A4" box="[595,690,674,699]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">sanctus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in this paper, see above).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA09FFF7FBFA2CD3FA31C4A3" author="Alonso-Zarazaga" box="[1028,1437,674,700]" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" refString="Alonso-Zarazaga, M. A. & Lyal, C. H. C. (1999) A World Catalogue of Families and Genera of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) (excepting Scolytidae and Platypodidae). Entomopraxis, S. C. P., Spain, 315 pp." type="book" year="1999">Alonso-Zarazaga & Lyal (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
consequently reinstated
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FE402CB9FD92C4FE" box="[446,574,712,737]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Amycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FE402CB9FD92C4FE" box="[446,574,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Amycterus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as the valid name over its synonym
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FC012CB9FB77C4FD" authority="Fischer" authorityName="Fischer" box="[1023,1243,712,738]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phalidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FC012CB9FBD6C4FE" box="[1023,1146,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Phalidura</emphasis>
|
||||
Fischer
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
von Waldheim, which was also published in 1823 but, in the absence of a precise publication date, is deemed to have been issued on the
|
||||
<date id="D778F38AAA09FFF7FEC62D64FD8FC530" box="[312,547,786,815]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1823-12-31">31st December 1823</date>
|
||||
(Art. 21.3 of the ICZN (1999)), whereas Schoenherr’s paper was published on the
|
||||
<date id="D778F38AAA09FFF7FF182D4CFECBC548" box="[230,359,827,855]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">7th October</date>
|
||||
of that year.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A379D54AAA09FFF7FF3A2D12FAE3C307" blockId="8.[151,1438,152,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
Despite his long text on the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FDD82D12FD1AC562" box="[550,694,867,893]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Amycterini">Amycterini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA09FFF7FD3D2D12FC1AC562" author="Zimmerman" box="[707,950,867,893]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" refString="Zimmerman, E. C. (1993) Australian Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Volume III - Nanophyidae, Rhynchophoridae, Erirhinidae, Curculionidae: Amycterinae, Literature consulted. CSIRO, Australia, 854 pp." type="book" year="1993">Zimmerman (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
provided no details of their diagnostic characters other than a few features distinguishing the group from “Somatodini”. In the context of other cyclomine tribes, the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FE6A2DDCFDB5C5D8" box="[404,537,941,967]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Amycterini">Amycterini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
may be diagnosed by the following characters: rostrum shortened; epistome with posterior edge mostly raised, sharply carinate; mandibles generally plurisetose, sometimes densely setose or squamose, blade-like elongated with usually a single subapical cusp; maxillae enlarged, strongly sclerotised, coarsely sculptured, palpi on ental surface; labial palpi small, concealed; scrobes short, deep or posteriorly shallow, mostly running towards lower angle of eyes; funicles 6-segmented; eyes generally flat; prothorax generally with slight ocular lobes; metepisternal sutures completely obliterated; tibiae mucronate, without spurs; tarsi with pulvilli usually absent or sunk into pockets on tarsite lobes; ovipositor (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BFDC9CFAA09FFF7FADF2AFFFA3FC2B7" box="[1313,1427,1166,1192]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 9" captionStartId="5.[151,273,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[265,1293,221,1755]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[233,1308,197,1778]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 9. Ovipositor structure of Cyclomini (1 – 3) and Amycterini (4 – 9), dorsal view. 1 — Epicthonius simus (Wiedemann) (South Africa, Cape Town); 2 — Occylotrachelus aciculaticollis Boheman (South Africa, Port Elizabeth, iv. 1945); 3 — Somatodes misumenus Gyllenhal (South Africa, Grahamstown, xii. 1992); 4 — Amycterus caudatus (Macleay) (Australia, N. S. W., Moree); 5 — Euomus insculptus (Boheman) (Australia, W. A., Eneabba, vi. 1984; 6 — Acherres latus Ferguson (Australia, W. A., Lake Austin); 7 — Chriotyphus acromialis Pascoe (Australia, W. A., Kalbarri, xii. 1971); 8 — Acantholophus alpicola Ferguson (Australia, N. S. W., Mt. Koskiusko summit, xi. 1969); 9 — Cubicorhynchus calcaratus Macleay (Australia, S. A., Blanchetown). Scale bars 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293977/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 4–9</figureCitation>
|
||||
) short, broad, strongly sclerotised, distal gonocoxites large, proximal gonocoxites smaller, laterally shortly extended anteriad, styli subterminal to dorsomedial, large, claw-like, curved outwards to downwards, sometimes bifid, without setae but generally surrounded by a field or ring of strong setae at their bases.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A379D54AAA09FFF7FF3A2B52FB8DC092" blockId="8.[151,1438,152,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
This
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C7D6BE8AA09FFF7FEFE2B52FE9FC322" box="[256,307,1315,1341]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
of ovipositor, featuring strong, claw-like styli without setae, is consistent in all
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FB1A2B52FAC6C322" box="[1252,1386,1315,1341]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Amycterini">Amycterini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and evidently synapomorphic for the genera included in the group. A similar
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C7D6BE8AA09FFF7FC0F2B39FB8FC37D" box="[1009,1059,1352,1378]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
occurs only in the Hipporhinini (below), most probably indicating a close relationship between these two tribes. Essentially the amycterine ovipositor differs from that of the Hipporhinini only in the position of the styli, whose insertion is not terminal in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FF472BC9FEE7C3CD" box="[185,331,1464,1490]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Amycterini">Amycterini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
but more apicomesal to dorsomedial and exceeded laterally by the apex of the distal gonocoxite. In Hipporhinini, by contrast, the styli are placed more properly apical to subapical and their insertion is only slightly and narrowly exceeded mesally by the apex of the gonocoxite (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BFDC9CFAA09FFF7FB432872FAFCC002" box="[1213,1360,1539,1565]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 19" captionStartId="6.[151,273,1778,1802]" captionTargetBox="[286,1299,230,1730]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[256,1331,194,1775]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 19. Ovipositor structure of Hipporhinini, dorsal view. 10 — Solenorhinus proteaphilus Hesse (South Africa, Stellenbosch, viii. 1967); 11 — Stramia costirostris (Boheman) (South Africa, Krugersdorp, ii. 1929); 12 — Bronchus verrucosus (Linnaeus) comb. n. (South Africa, Agulhas, xi. 1982); 13 — Origenes praetor Marshall (South Africa, Viljoenskroon, iv. 1963); 14 — Ithyphallus affaber Boheman (South Africa, Middelburg, iv. 1989); 15 — Plastologus costatus Boheman (South Africa, Dunbrody, xi. [19] 01); 16 — Ophryodotus sp. (South Africa, Prince Albert, xi. 1992); 17 — Hypocolobus saxosus Boheman (South Africa, Graaf Reinet, xi. 1954); 18 — Hyomora adversaria Louw (South Africa, Groblershoop, iv. 1984); 19 — Gronops postdentatus Marshall (South Africa, Middelburg, i. 1989). Scale bars 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293978/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 10–19</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA09FFF7FA9B2872FA2AC002" box="[1381,1414,1539,1565]" name="American Samoa" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">As</collectingCountry>
|
||||
a result, the articulation membrane of the stylus is laterally exposed (“open”) in dorsal view in Hipporhinini but not so in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FEFA283FFE22C077" box="[260,398,1614,1640]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Amycterini">Amycterini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. This distinction appears to pertain to a difference in the plane of movement of the styli, being lateral in Hipporhinini but more to entirely dorsoventral in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FC6D2802FBB1C092" box="[915,1053,1651,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Amycterini">Amycterini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A379D54AAA09FFF6FF3A28E9FDF9C54D" blockId="8.[151,1438,152,2013]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,152,1186]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA09FFF7FF3A28E9FF4AC0AD" box="[196,230,1688,1714]" name="American Samoa" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">As</collectingCountry>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA09FFF7FF1028E9FE73C0AD" author="Zimmerman" box="[238,479,1688,1714]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" refString="Zimmerman, E. C. (1993) Australian Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Volume III - Nanophyidae, Rhynchophoridae, Erirhinidae, Curculionidae: Amycterinae, Literature consulted. CSIRO, Australia, 854 pp." type="book" year="1993">Zimmerman (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
portended, the structure of the ovipositor carries taxonomic significance also within
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FF1228CFFED5C0C7" box="[236,377,1726,1752]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Amycterini">Amycterini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In its simplest (presumably plesiomorphic)
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C7D6BE8AA09FFF7FC6F28CFFC64C0C7" box="[913,968,1726,1752]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
, the styli are subterminally positioned, gently curved outwards and more or less simply cylindrical to slightly compressed to become subspatulate with a sharp dorsal carina, and the proximal gonocoxites are often also laterally shortly extended anteriad as in Hipporhinini (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BFDC9CFAA09FFF7FEB7295FFE68C157" box="[329,452,1838,1864]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 9" captionStartId="5.[151,273,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[265,1293,221,1755]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[233,1308,197,1778]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 9. Ovipositor structure of Cyclomini (1 – 3) and Amycterini (4 – 9), dorsal view. 1 — Epicthonius simus (Wiedemann) (South Africa, Cape Town); 2 — Occylotrachelus aciculaticollis Boheman (South Africa, Port Elizabeth, iv. 1945); 3 — Somatodes misumenus Gyllenhal (South Africa, Grahamstown, xii. 1992); 4 — Amycterus caudatus (Macleay) (Australia, N. S. W., Moree); 5 — Euomus insculptus (Boheman) (Australia, W. A., Eneabba, vi. 1984; 6 — Acherres latus Ferguson (Australia, W. A., Lake Austin); 7 — Chriotyphus acromialis Pascoe (Australia, W. A., Kalbarri, xii. 1971); 8 — Acantholophus alpicola Ferguson (Australia, N. S. W., Mt. Koskiusko summit, xi. 1969); 9 — Cubicorhynchus calcaratus Macleay (Australia, S. A., Blanchetown). Scale bars 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293977/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 6–7</figureCitation>
|
||||
). This
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C7D6BE8AA09FFF7FDE4295FFDE3C157" box="[538,591,1838,1864]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
occurs mostly in the smaller forms, in the genera
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FB39295FFA34C157" authority="Pascoe" authorityName="Pascoe" box="[1223,1432,1838,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Acherres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FB39295FFA9AC158" box="[1223,1334,1838,1863]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Acherres</emphasis>
|
||||
Pascoe
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FF692922FED6C172" authority="Pascoe" authorityName="Pascoe" box="[151,378,1875,1901]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Alexirhea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FF692922FEB8C173" box="[151,276,1875,1900]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Alexirhea</emphasis>
|
||||
Pascoe
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FE762922FDFDC173" box="[392,593,1875,1900]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Amorphorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FE762922FDFDC173" box="[392,593,1875,1900]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Amorphorhinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FD9D2922FCE5C172" authority="Pascoe" authorityName="Pascoe" box="[611,841,1875,1901]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Atychoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FD9D2922FD4EC173" box="[611,738,1875,1900]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Atychoria</emphasis>
|
||||
Pascoe
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FCA92922FB28C172" authority="Marshall" authorityName="Marshall" box="[855,1156,1875,1901]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Brachyrothus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FCA92922FBA9C173" box="[855,1029,1875,1900]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Brachyrothus</emphasis>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA09FFF7FBF02922FB28C172" box="[1038,1156,1875,1901]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Marshall</collectingCountry>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FB6D2922FA34C172" authority="Pascoe" authorityName="Pascoe" box="[1171,1432,1875,1901]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Chriotyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FB6D2922FA9EC173" box="[1171,1330,1875,1900]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Chriotyphus</emphasis>
|
||||
Pascoe
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FF692909FE0FC18D" authority="Pascoe" authorityName="Pascoe" box="[151,419,1912,1938]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Dialeptopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FF692909FE95C18E" box="[151,313,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Dialeptopus</emphasis>
|
||||
Pascoe
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FE4F2909FD3DC18D" authority="Pascoe" authorityName="Pascoe" box="[433,657,1912,1938]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Ennothus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FE4F2909FD81C18E" box="[433,557,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ennothus</emphasis>
|
||||
Pascoe
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FD5B2909FC06C18D" authority="Ferguson" authorityName="Ferguson" box="[677,938,1912,1938]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Euomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FD5B2909FC8FC18E" box="[677,803,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Euomella</emphasis>
|
||||
Ferguson
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FC442909FB01C18D" authority="Pascoe" authorityName="Pascoe" box="[954,1197,1912,1938]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Melanegis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FC442909FBE8C18E" box="[954,1092,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Melanegis</emphasis>
|
||||
Pascoe
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FB452909FA35C18D" authority="Pascoe" authorityName="Pascoe" box="[1211,1433,1912,1938]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Oditesus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FB452909FA83C18E" box="[1211,1327,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Oditesus</emphasis>
|
||||
Pascoe
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FF6929EFFE56C1A7" authority="Ferguson" authorityName="Ferguson" box="[151,506,1950,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pseudonotonophes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FF6929EFFE2CC1A8" box="[151,384,1950,1975]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pseudonotonophes</emphasis>
|
||||
Ferguson
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FDC729EFFD60C1A8" box="[569,716,1950,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tetralophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FDC729EFFD60C1A8" box="[569,716,1950,1975]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Tetralophus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In the bulk of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FC4129EFFBE3C1A7" box="[959,1103,1950,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Amycterini">Amycterini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, represented by the genera
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FF6929B2FD0FC1C2" authority="Uther Baker & Thompson" authorityName="Uther Baker & Thompson" box="[151,675,1987,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Achorostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FF6929B2FEEEC1C3" box="[151,322,1987,2012]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Achorostoma</emphasis>
|
||||
Uther
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA09FFF7FE6029B2FE47C1C2" box="[414,491,1987,2013]" name="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Baker</collectingCountry>
|
||||
& Thompson
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FD4F29B2FC37C1C2" authority="Pascoe" authorityName="Pascoe" box="[689,923,1987,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aedriodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FD4F29B2FC99C1C3" box="[689,821,1987,2012]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Aedriodes</emphasis>
|
||||
Pascoe
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FC5729B2FB9DC1C3" box="[937,1073,1987,2012]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Amycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FC5729B2FB9DC1C3" box="[937,1073,1987,2012]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Amycterus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA09FFF7FBBA29B2FA35C1C2" authority="Zimmerman" authorityName="Zimmerman" box="[1092,1433,1987,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Antalaurinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA09FFF7FBBA29B2FB42C1C3" box="[1092,1262,1987,2012]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Antalaurinus</emphasis>
|
||||
Zimmerman
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FF692EE9FE14C6AD" authority="Ferguson" authorityName="Ferguson" box="[151,440,152,178]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cucullothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FF692EE9FEECC6AE" box="[151,320,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cucullothorax</emphasis>
|
||||
Ferguson
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FE3D2EE9FD71C6AD" authority="Ferguson" authorityName="Ferguson" box="[451,733,152,178]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Dicherotropis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FE3D2EE9FDC9C6AE" box="[451,613,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Dicherotropis</emphasis>
|
||||
Ferguson
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FD162EE9FCEAC6AE" box="[744,838,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Euomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FD162EE9FCEAC6AE" box="[744,838,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Euomus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FCAB2EE9FBE9C6AD" authority="Jekel" authorityName="Jekel" box="[853,1093,152,178]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Gagatophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FCAB2EE9FC53C6AE" box="[853,1023,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Gagatophorus</emphasis>
|
||||
Jekel
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FBAC2EE9FEB3C6C8" authority="Uther Baker & Thompson" authorityName="Uther Baker & Thompson" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hypotomops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FBAC2EE9FB4AC6AE" box="[1106,1254,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Hypotomops</emphasis>
|
||||
Uther
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA08FFF6FAC62EE9FAD2C6AD" box="[1336,1406,152,178]" name="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Baker</collectingCountry>
|
||||
& Thompson
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FED22ECCFD9AC6C8" authority="Ferguson" authorityName="Ferguson" box="[300,566,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Lataurinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FED22ECCFE1AC6C9" box="[300,438,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Lataurinus</emphasis>
|
||||
Ferguson
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FDBA2ECCFC8AC6C8" authority="Pascoe" authorityName="Pascoe" box="[580,806,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Myotrotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FDBA2ECCFD68C6C9" box="[580,708,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Myotrotus</emphasis>
|
||||
Pascoe
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FCCA2ECCFC0CC6C9" box="[820,928,189,214]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Mythites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FCCA2ECCFC0CC6C9" box="[820,928,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Mythites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FC4C2ECCFB04C6C8" authority="Sloane" authorityName="Sloane" box="[946,1192,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Notonophes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FC4C2ECCFBEBC6C9" box="[946,1095,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Notonophes</emphasis>
|
||||
Sloane
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FB482ECCFEBCC6E3" authority="Ferguson" authorityName="Ferguson" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Ophthalamycterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FB482ECCFA31C6C9" box="[1206,1437,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Ophthalamycterus</emphasis>
|
||||
Ferguson
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FEE32E93FD84C6E3" authority="Macleay" authorityName="Macleay" box="[285,552,226,252]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sclerorinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FEE32E93FE03C6E4" box="[285,431,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Sclerorinus</emphasis>
|
||||
Macleay
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FDCB2E93FCD5C6E3" authority="Ferguson" authorityName="Ferguson" box="[565,889,226,252]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sclerorrhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FDCB2E93FD5BC6E4" box="[565,759,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Sclerorrhinella</emphasis>
|
||||
Ferguson
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FC792E93FBF3C6E3" authority="Pascoe" authorityName="Pascoe" box="[903,1119,226,252]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sosytelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FC792E93FC52C6E4" box="[903,1022,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Sosytelus</emphasis>
|
||||
Pascoe
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FB602E93FA30C6E3" authority="Macleay" authorityName="Macleay" box="[1182,1436,226,252]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Talaurinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FB602E93FA88C6E4" box="[1182,1316,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Talaurinus</emphasis>
|
||||
Macleay
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(probably also
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FEB22F79FD27C73D" authority="Zimmerman" authorityName="Zimmerman" box="[332,651,264,290]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Talaurinellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FEB22F79FE47C73E" box="[332,491,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Talaurinellus</emphasis>
|
||||
Zimmerman
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, of which seemingly only males are known), the styli are longer, stronger and more acute, more strongly curved outwards or downwards and inserted more dorsomedially on the gonocoxites in a large membranous field ringed by stout setae (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BFDC9CFAA08FFF6FC592F23FBB4C773" box="[935,1048,338,364]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 9" captionStartId="5.[151,273,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[265,1293,221,1755]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[233,1308,197,1778]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 9. Ovipositor structure of Cyclomini (1 – 3) and Amycterini (4 – 9), dorsal view. 1 — Epicthonius simus (Wiedemann) (South Africa, Cape Town); 2 — Occylotrachelus aciculaticollis Boheman (South Africa, Port Elizabeth, iv. 1945); 3 — Somatodes misumenus Gyllenhal (South Africa, Grahamstown, xii. 1992); 4 — Amycterus caudatus (Macleay) (Australia, N. S. W., Moree); 5 — Euomus insculptus (Boheman) (Australia, W. A., Eneabba, vi. 1984; 6 — Acherres latus Ferguson (Australia, W. A., Lake Austin); 7 — Chriotyphus acromialis Pascoe (Australia, W. A., Kalbarri, xii. 1971); 8 — Acantholophus alpicola Ferguson (Australia, N. S. W., Mt. Koskiusko summit, xi. 1969); 9 — Cubicorhynchus calcaratus Macleay (Australia, S. A., Blanchetown). Scale bars 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293977/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 4–5</figureCitation>
|
||||
; see also
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA08FFF6FB792F23FAF0C773" author="Zimmerman" box="[1159,1372,338,364]" pageId="9" pageNumber="31" refString="Zimmerman, E. C. (1993) Australian Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Volume III - Nanophyidae, Rhynchophoridae, Erirhinidae, Curculionidae: Amycterinae, Literature consulted. CSIRO, Australia, 854 pp." type="book" year="1993">Zimmerman 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, figs. 160, 176, 215, 227, 242). This
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C7D6BE8AA08FFF6FDFF2F09FD98C78D" box="[513,564,376,402]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
is indicated to be a modification of the first, as the conditions in
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FAD22F09FDF1C7A9" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FAD22F09FA34C78E" box="[1324,1432,376,401]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Acherres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Acherres</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FF692FECFEFAC7A9" box="[151,342,413,438]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Amorphorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amorphorhinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FE9D2FECFE71C7A9" box="[355,477,413,438]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Atychoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Atychoria</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FE142FECFDF1C7A9" box="[490,605,413,438]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Euomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Euomella</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FD672FECFCD0C7A9" box="[665,892,413,438]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pseudonotonophes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FD672FECFCD0C7A9" box="[665,892,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pseudonotonophes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are slightly transitional in that their styli are positioned more dorsally and the membranous area is anterodorsally demarcated by some larger but irregular setae. A third
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C7D6BE8AA08FFF6FEBE2F99FEDFC41D" box="[320,371,488,514]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
of amycterine ovipositor occurs in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FCE12F99FC7DC41E" box="[799,977,488,513]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Acantholophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FCE12F99FC7DC41E" box="[799,977,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Acantholophus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FC1F2F99FB69C41D" authority="Pascoe" authorityName="Pascoe" box="[993,1221,488,514]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Anascoptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FC1F2F99FBC4C41E" box="[993,1128,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Anascoptes</emphasis>
|
||||
Pascoe
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FB2D2F99FA39C41E" box="[1235,1429,488,513]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cubicorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FB2D2F99FA39C41E" box="[1235,1429,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cubicorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FF692C7CFD3AC438" authority="Marshall, Molochthus Pascoe" authorityName="Marshall, Molochthus Pascoe" box="[151,662,525,551]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hyborrhinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FF692C7CFE81C439" box="[151,301,525,550]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Hyborrhinus</emphasis>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA08FFF6FECB2C7CFE0DC438" box="[309,417,525,551]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Marshall</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FE502C7CFD96C439" box="[430,570,525,550]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Molochthus</emphasis>
|
||||
Pascoe
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FD5D2C7CFC54C438" authority="Ferguson" authorityName="Ferguson" box="[675,1016,525,551]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Neohyborrhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FD5D2C7CFC2FC439" box="[675,899,525,550]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Neohyborrhynchus</emphasis>
|
||||
Ferguson
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FBCA2C7CFA3BC438" authority="Ferguson" authorityName="Ferguson" box="[1076,1431,525,551]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Parahyborrhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FBCA2C7CFAB3C439" box="[1076,1311,525,550]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Parahyborrhynchus</emphasis>
|
||||
Ferguson
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, in which the styli are generally straight, blunt and carry an inner basal tooth or large prong and are more or less drawn into the mesal side of the distal gonocoxites (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BFDC9CFAA08FFF6FCCF2C29FC0FC46D" box="[817,931,600,626]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 9" captionStartId="5.[151,273,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[265,1293,221,1755]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[233,1308,197,1778]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 9. Ovipositor structure of Cyclomini (1 – 3) and Amycterini (4 – 9), dorsal view. 1 — Epicthonius simus (Wiedemann) (South Africa, Cape Town); 2 — Occylotrachelus aciculaticollis Boheman (South Africa, Port Elizabeth, iv. 1945); 3 — Somatodes misumenus Gyllenhal (South Africa, Grahamstown, xii. 1992); 4 — Amycterus caudatus (Macleay) (Australia, N. S. W., Moree); 5 — Euomus insculptus (Boheman) (Australia, W. A., Eneabba, vi. 1984; 6 — Acherres latus Ferguson (Australia, W. A., Lake Austin); 7 — Chriotyphus acromialis Pascoe (Australia, W. A., Kalbarri, xii. 1971); 8 — Acantholophus alpicola Ferguson (Australia, N. S. W., Mt. Koskiusko summit, xi. 1969); 9 — Cubicorhynchus calcaratus Macleay (Australia, S. A., Blanchetown). Scale bars 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293977/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 8–9</figureCitation>
|
||||
; see also
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA08FFF6FBEA2C29FB46C46D" author="Zimmerman" box="[1044,1258,600,626]" pageId="9" pageNumber="31" refString="Zimmerman, E. C. (1993) Australian Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Volume III - Nanophyidae, Rhynchophoridae, Erirhinidae, Curculionidae: Amycterinae, Literature consulted. CSIRO, Australia, 854 pp." type="book" year="1993">Zimmerman 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, figs. 89, 182). The basal tooth is smallest in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FE082C0CFD27C489" box="[502,651,637,662]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hyborrhinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FE082C0CFD27C489" box="[502,651,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Hyborrhinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and strongest in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FCA82C0CFBB9C489" box="[854,1045,637,662]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cubicorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FCA82C0CFBB9C489" box="[854,1045,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cubicorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, in which the styli are antler-like to strongly double-pronged (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BFDC9CFAA08FFF6FE102CD3FD94C4A3" box="[494,568,674,700]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 9" captionStartId="5.[151,273,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[265,1293,221,1755]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[233,1308,197,1778]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 9. Ovipositor structure of Cyclomini (1 – 3) and Amycterini (4 – 9), dorsal view. 1 — Epicthonius simus (Wiedemann) (South Africa, Cape Town); 2 — Occylotrachelus aciculaticollis Boheman (South Africa, Port Elizabeth, iv. 1945); 3 — Somatodes misumenus Gyllenhal (South Africa, Grahamstown, xii. 1992); 4 — Amycterus caudatus (Macleay) (Australia, N. S. W., Moree); 5 — Euomus insculptus (Boheman) (Australia, W. A., Eneabba, vi. 1984; 6 — Acherres latus Ferguson (Australia, W. A., Lake Austin); 7 — Chriotyphus acromialis Pascoe (Australia, W. A., Kalbarri, xii. 1971); 8 — Acantholophus alpicola Ferguson (Australia, N. S. W., Mt. Koskiusko summit, xi. 1969); 9 — Cubicorhynchus calcaratus Macleay (Australia, S. A., Blanchetown). Scale bars 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293977/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||||
). These three
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C7D6BE8AA08FFF6FD1D2CD3FC8EC4A3" box="[739,802,674,700]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">types</typeStatus>
|
||||
of amycterine ovipositor indicate that the traditional subdivision of the group, into subtribes Amycterina and Euomina, cannot be upheld and that rather
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FF692C9CFEEBC519" box="[151,327,749,774]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Acantholophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FF692C9CFEEBC519" box="[151,327,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Acantholophus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and allied genera may form a subgroup distinct from the others. Some external features, such as the conspicuous spine above the eye for which
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FD1E2D63FC3CC534" box="[736,912,786,811]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Acantholophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FD1E2D63FC3CC534" box="[736,912,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Acantholophus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was named, support such a grouping but are in need of more comprehensive study.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBDC86C1AA08FFF6FF3A2D2CFBEFC2BD" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A379D54AAA08FFF6FF3A2D2CFBEFC2BD" blockId="9.[151,1437,152,1186]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
The
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FF072D2CFED2C568" box="[249,382,861,887]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Amycterini">Amycterini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
currently number 39 genera and 408 species, but at least one new genus and a number of undescribed species are identified in Australian collections. Their biology is generally poorly known, but
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA08FFF6FF692DD9FEF5C5DD" author="Howden" box="[151,345,936,962]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" refString="Howden, A. T. (1986) Notes on the biology of adult and immature Amycterinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae). Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 109 (2), 91 - 105." type="journal article" year="1986">Howden (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
provided a most useful summarising account of adult and larval hostplants, oviposition behaviour and pupation sites for a range of species and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA08FFF6FCB42DBCFC70C5F8" author="May" box="[842,988,973,999]" pageId="9" pageNumber="29" refString="May, B. M. (1994) An introduction to the immature stages of Australian Curculionoidea. Pp. 365 - 728. In: Zimmerman, E. C., Australian Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Volume II - Brentidae, Eurhynchidae, Apionidae and a chapter on Immature Stages by Brenda May. CSIRO, Australia, 755 pp." type="book chapter" year="1994">May (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
described preimaginal stages for 16 species.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA08FFF6FF042D83FE3FC213" author="Porch" box="[250,403,1010,1036]" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" refString="Porch, N. (2009) The first record of an amycterine weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Amycterinae) feeding on Orchidaceae. Australian Entomologist, 36 (1), 29 - 32." type="journal article" year="2009">Porch (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
added a note on the host and feeding behaviour of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FC192D83FBDEC214" ID-CoL="8HRYR" box="[999,1138,1010,1035]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tetralophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FC192D83FBDEC214" box="[999,1138,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tetralophus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Circumstantial evidence indicates that eggs are laid by means of the specialised ovipositor into the soil, where the larvae feed ectophytically on underground stems, bulbs, tubers, rhizomes and perhaps roots of their hostplants. Only monocotyledons are reported as larval hosts, spanning both tough grasses and succulent lilies and also grasstrees (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA08FFF6FEE52AF9FE13C2BE" box="[283,447,1160,1185]" class="Liliopsida" family="Xanthorrhoeaceae" genus="Xanthorrhoea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA08FFF6FEE52AF9FE13C2BE" box="[283,447,1160,1185]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Xanthorrhoea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). Pupation occurs in the soil near the larval hostplants.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
459
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Normal file
459
data/2B/6F/64/2B6F645CAA0EFFEFFF692C0CFB36C1AB.xml
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,459 @@
|
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<mods:title id="3CFA5D5D5C8BF513C423D7D9F33FAEC2">A reclassification of the weevil subfamily Cyclominae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)</mods:title>
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|
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<treatment id="2B6F645CAA0EFFEFFF692C0CFB36C1AB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6206706" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119389334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6206706" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B6F645CAA0EFFEFFF692C0CFB36C1AB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B6F645CAA0EFFEFFF692C0CFB36C1AB" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<subSubSection id="EBDC86C1AA0EFFF0FF692C0CFDB0C4C0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="A379D54AAA0EFFF0FF692C0CFE40C488" blockId="15.[151,585,637,735]" box="[151,492,637,663]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<emphasis id="91B20958AA0EFFF0FF692C0CFE40C488" bold="true" box="[151,492,637,663]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
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Tribe
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA0EFFF0FF1C2C0CFED5C488" box="[226,377,637,663]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Listroderini">Listroderini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
LeConte
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A379D54AAA0EFFF0FF382CD1FDB0C4C0" blockId="15.[151,585,637,735]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA0EFFF0FF382CD1FDE9C4A5" authority="LeConte, 1876: 124" authorityName="LeConte" authorityPageNumber="124" authorityYear="1876" box="[198,581,672,698]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Listroderini">Listroderini LeConte, 1876: 124</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Palaechtini Brinck, 1948: 43.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBDC86C1AA0EFFF0FF692D61FDD4C280" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A379D54AAA0EFFF0FF692D61FDD4C280" blockId="15.[151,1437,784,2004]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
This predominantly South American tribe is reasonably well studied, having been subjected to modern revisions (e.g., Morrone 1992, 1994a, 1994b, 1994c, 1994d) as well as phylogenetic (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA0EFFF0FB7A2D44FAECC550" author="Morrone" box="[1156,1344,821,847]" pageId="15" pageNumber="29" refString="Morrone, J. J. (1993 b) Cladistic and biogeographic analyses of the weevil genus Listroderes Schoenherr (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Cladistics, 9 (4), 397 - 411." type="journal article" year="1993" yearSuffix="b">Morrone 1993b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA0EFFF0FAB32D44FA3BC550" author="Morrone" box="[1357,1431,821,847]" pageId="15" pageNumber="29" refString="Morrone, J. J. (1994 a) Systematics, cladistics, and biogeography of the Andean weevil genera Macrostyphlus, Adioristidius, Puranius, and Amathynetoides, new genus (Coleoptera: Curculoinidae). American Museum Novitates, 3104, 1 - 63." type="journal article" year="1994" yearSuffix="a">1994a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA0EFFF0FF692D2BFF4EC56B" author="Morrone" box="[151,226,858,884]" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" refString="Morrone, J. J. (1997 b) Cladistics of the New World genera of Listroderina (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Rhytirrhinini). Cladistics, 13, 247 - 266." type="journal article" year="1997" yearSuffix="b">1997b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA0EFFF0FF102D2BFD82C56B" author="Morrone" box="[238,558,858,884]" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" refString="Morrone, J. J. & Anderson, R. S. (1995) The Falklandius generic group: cladistic analysis with description of new taxa (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Rhytirrhinini). American Museum Novitates, 3121, 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="1995">Morrone & Anderson 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and biogeographical analyses (Morrone 1994e,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA0EFFF0FB962D2BFA3BC56B" author="Morrone" box="[1128,1431,858,884]" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" refString="Morrone, J. J. & Urtubey, E. (1997) Historical biogeography of the northern Andes: a cladistic analysis based on five genera of Rhytirrhinini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Barnadesia (Asteraceae). Biogeographica, 73, 115 - 121." type="journal article" year="1997">Morrone & Urtubey 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA0EFFF0FF692DF1FED6C585" author="Donato" box="[151,378,896,922]" pageId="15" pageNumber="27" refString="Donato, M., Posadas, P., Miranda-Esquivel, D. R., Jaureguizar, E. O. & Cladera, G. (2003) Historical biogeography of the Andean region: evidence from Listroderina (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Rhytirrhinini) in the context of the South American geobiotic scenario. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 80, 339 - 352." type="journal article" year="2003">
|
||||
Donato
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA0EFFF0FF0B2DF1FE86C586" box="[245,298,896,921]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2003
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA0EFFF0FE702DF1FCA7C585" author="Alonso-Zarazaga" box="[398,779,896,922]" pageId="15" pageNumber="27" refString="Alonso-Zarazaga, M. A. & Lyal, C. H. C. (1999) A World Catalogue of Families and Genera of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) (excepting Scolytidae and Platypodidae). Entomopraxis, S. C. P., Spain, 315 pp." type="book" year="1999">Alonso-Zarazaga & Lyal (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
enumerated 30 genera in it, although
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA0EFFF0FB312DF1FA37C585" author="Morrone" box="[1231,1435,896,922]" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" refString="Morrone, J. J. (1997 b) Cladistics of the New World genera of Listroderina (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Rhytirrhinini). Cladistics, 13, 247 - 266." type="journal article" year="1997" yearSuffix="b">Morrone (1997b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
considered the tribe to also contain genera in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA0EFFF0FD572DD4FCEAC5A0" box="[681,838,933,959]" name="New Zealand" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA0EFFF0FC812DD4FC47C5A0" box="[895,1003,933,959]" name="Australia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(after
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA0EFFF0FBC62DD4FB70C5A0" author="Kuschel" box="[1080,1244,933,959]" pageId="15" pageNumber="28" refString="Kuschel, G. (1964) Insects of Campbell Island. Coleoptera: Curculionidae of the subantarctic islands of New Zealand. Pacific Insects Monograph, 7, 416 - 493." type="journal article" year="1964">Kuschel 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA0EFFF0FB162DD4FAC8C5A0" author="May" box="[1256,1380,933,959]" pageId="15" pageNumber="29" refString="May, B. M. (1994) An introduction to the immature stages of Australian Curculionoidea. Pp. 365 - 728. In: Zimmerman, E. C., Australian Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Volume II - Brentidae, Eurhynchidae, Apionidae and a chapter on Immature Stages by Brenda May. CSIRO, Australia, 755 pp." type="book chapter" year="1994">
|
||||
<date id="D778F38AAA0EFFF0FB162DD4FAC8C5A0" box="[1256,1380,933,959]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1994-05">May 1994</date>
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), yet without clarifying the limits of the group.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA0EFFF0FD732DBBFCD2C5FB" box="[653,894,970,996]" pageId="15" pageNumber="27" refString="Donato, M., Posadas, P., Miranda-Esquivel, D. R., Jaureguizar, E. O. & Cladera, G. (2003) Historical biogeography of the Andean region: evidence from Listroderina (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Rhytirrhinini) in the context of the South American geobiotic scenario. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 80, 339 - 352." type="journal article">
|
||||
Donato
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA0EFFF0FD122DBBFC8CC5FC" box="[748,800,970,995]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. (2003)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
considered
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA0EFFF0FBF02DBBFB35C5FB" box="[1038,1177,970,996]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Listroderini">Listroderini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
to be a monophyletic group but were similarly vague about its limits or definition, and their dispersal-vicariance analysis of the 25 American genera also assumed these to constitute a monophyletic grouping despite Morrone’s (1997b) assessment that this was likely to be a paraphyletic assemblage without the five genera from the
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA0EFFF0FADA2A4BFF45C265" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Tristan da Cunha</collectingCountry>
|
||||
islands and also the
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA0EFFF0FE062A11FD0EC265" box="[504,674,1120,1146]" name="New Zealand" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and Australian genera. Even within
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA0EFFF0FB842A11FB47C265" box="[1146,1259,1120,1146]" name="United States of America" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">America</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, however, the composition of the tribe remains unclear.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBDC86C1AA0EFFEFFF3A2ADAFEFBC46D" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A379D54AAA0EFFF0FF3A2ADAFE5CC105" blockId="15.[151,1437,784,2004]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA0EFFF0FF3A2ADAFE6EC2DB" ID-CoL="8HQJN" authority="Heller" authorityName="Heller" box="[196,450,1194,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhigopsidius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA0EFFF0FF3A2ADAFEC5C2DB" box="[196,361,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Rhigopsidius</emphasis>
|
||||
Heller
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, originally classified in Rhythirrininae (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA0EFFF0FC3C2ADBFBF3C2DB" author="Heller" box="[962,1119,1194,1220]" pageId="15" pageNumber="27" refString="Heller, K. M. (1906) Neue Russelkafer aus Central- und Sudamerika. Stettiner entomologische Zeitung, 67 (1), 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="1906">Heller 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), was later transferred to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA0EFFF0FF692AA1FEBCC2F5" ID-CoL="8JRPN" box="[151,272,1232,1258]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Entiminae">Entiminae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA0EFFF0FEE02AA1FDD1C2F5" author="Kuschel" box="[286,637,1232,1258]" pageId="15" pageNumber="28" refString="Kuschel, G. (1955) Nuevas sinonimias y anotaciones sobre Curculionoidea (Coleoptera). Investigaciones zoologicas chilenas, 4, 231 - 252." type="journal article" year="1955">
|
||||
Kuschel 1955, as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA0EFFF0FE112AA1FDD1C2F5" box="[495,637,1232,1258]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Leptopiinae">Leptopiinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) but reinstated in Rhythirrinini by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA0EFFF0FBEC2AA1FAE2C2F5" box="[1042,1358,1232,1258]" pageId="15" pageNumber="31" refString="Wibmer, G. J. & O'Brien, C. W. (1986) Annotated checklist of the weevils (Curculionidae sensu lato) of South America (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 39, 1 - 563." type="journal article">Wibmer & O’Brien (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, as the only New-World genus of this tribe and without explanation. This placement was accepted by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA0EFFF0FAEA2A84FECDC32B" author="Morrone" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" refString="Morrone, J. J. & Loiacono, M. S. (1992) Revision of the genus Rhigopsidius HELLER (Insecta, Coleoptera, Curculionidae: Rhytirrhininae). Entomologische Abhandlungen, Staatliches Museum fur Tierkunde Dresden, 54 (7), 129 - 139." type="journal article" year="1992">Morrone & Loiácono (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA0EFFF0FE602B6BFDDDC32B" author="Morrone" box="[414,625,1306,1332]" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" refString="Morrone, J. J. (1997 b) Cladistics of the New World genera of Listroderina (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Rhytirrhinini). Cladistics, 13, 247 - 266." type="journal article" year="1997" yearSuffix="b">Morrone (1997b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, the latter consequently using
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA0EFFF0FC1A2B6AFB2DC32B" ID-CoL="8HQJN" box="[996,1153,1307,1332]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhigopsidius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA0EFFF0FC1A2B6AFB2DC32B" box="[996,1153,1307,1332]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Rhigopsidius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as outgroup to root his phylogeny of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA0EFFF0FEC22B31FE67C345" box="[316,459,1344,1370]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Listroderini">Listroderini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA0EFFF0FE282B31FDDEC345" author="Louw" box="[470,626,1344,1370]" pageId="15" pageNumber="28" refString="Louw, S. (1998) Solving the riddle: combining life-history analysis and morphological comparison in weevil systematics. Pp. 19 - 26. In: Colonnelli, E., Louw, S., & Osella, G. (Eds.), Taxonomy, Ecology and Distribution of Curculionoidea (Coleoptera: Polyphaga). Proceedings of a Symposium (28 August 1996, Florenze, Italy), XX. International Congress of Entomology. ATTI, Museo Regionale de Scienze Naturali, Torino, 294 pp." type="book" year="1998">Louw (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
instead included the genus in his subtribe Gronopina, again without explanation but evidently based on the structure of its ovipositor as described and illustrated by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA0EFFF0FAEB2B14FEC1C3BB" author="Morrone" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" refString="Morrone, J. J. & Loiacono, M. S. (1992) Revision of the genus Rhigopsidius HELLER (Insecta, Coleoptera, Curculionidae: Rhytirrhininae). Entomologische Abhandlungen, Staatliches Museum fur Tierkunde Dresden, 54 (7), 129 - 139." type="journal article" year="1992">Morrone & Loiácono (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. However, this ovipositor does not conform to the “clawed
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C7D6BE8AA0EFFF0FB9F2BFBFB36C3BB" box="[1121,1178,1418,1444]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
” as characteristic of Hipporhinini (see above), in that the sharp, outwardly pointed apices of the gonocoxites are not formed by the styli but by the gonocoxites themselves, the styli instead being reduced to a few setae mesally at the base of the bent gonocoxite apices (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BFDC9CFAA0EFFF0FE012B8BFDCCC00B" box="[511,608,1530,1556]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 31" captionStartId="18.[151,269,1722,1746]" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 31. Ovipositor structure of Listroderini, dorsal view. 30 — Rhigopsidius piercei Heller (Bolivia); 31 — Listroderes bimaculatus Boheman (Chile, Farellones, ix. 1991). Scale bars 0.5 mm." pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Furthermore, the ovipositor is not as short and broad as it is in Hipporhinini, and the proximal gonocoxites are not laterally extended anteriad. In fact, the ovipositor of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA0EFFF0FF692834FE9FC041" ID-CoL="8HQJN" box="[151,307,1605,1630]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhigopsidius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA0EFFF0FF692834FE9FC041" box="[151,307,1605,1630]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Rhigopsidius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is rather similar to that of typical
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA0EFFF0FD2C2834FCFBC041" ID-CoL="8HHP5" box="[722,855,1605,1630]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Listroderes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA0EFFF0FD2C2834FCFBC041" box="[722,855,1605,1630]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Listroderes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA0EFFF0FC692834FB91C041" ID-CoL="52V8G" box="[919,1085,1605,1630]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Stramia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costirostris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA0EFFF0FC692834FB91C041" box="[919,1085,1605,1630]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">L. costirostris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
group, after
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA0EFFF0FB252834FA34C040" author="Morrone" box="[1243,1432,1605,1631]" pageId="15" pageNumber="29" refString="Morrone, J. J. (1993 a) Systematic revision of the costirostris species group of the weevil genus Listroderes Schoenherr (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 119 (4), 271 - 301." type="journal article" year="1993" yearSuffix="a">Morrone 1993a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA0EFFF0FF69281BFF4EC09B" author="Morrone" box="[151,226,1642,1668]" pageId="15" pageNumber="29" refString="Morrone, J. J. (1993 b) Cladistic and biogeographic analyses of the weevil genus Listroderes Schoenherr (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Cladistics, 9 (4), 397 - 411." type="journal article" year="1993" yearSuffix="b">1993b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BFDC9CFAA0EFFF0FF02281BFEF8C09B" box="[252,340,1642,1668]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 31" captionStartId="18.[151,269,1722,1746]" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 31. Ovipositor structure of Listroderini, dorsal view. 30 — Rhigopsidius piercei Heller (Bolivia); 31 — Listroderes bimaculatus Boheman (Chile, Farellones, ix. 1991). Scale bars 0.5 mm." pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
|
||||
), and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA0EFFF0FE60281AFD95C09B" ID-CoL="8HQJN" box="[414,569,1643,1668]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhigopsidius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA0EFFF0FE60281AFD95C09B" box="[414,569,1643,1668]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Rhigopsidius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
evidently belongs near this genus in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA0EFFF0FC09281BFB2AC09B" box="[1015,1158,1642,1668]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Listroderini">Listroderini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, where it appears more strongly adapted and specialised to a terricolous life and oviposition in soil near potatoes, its larval host.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA0EFFF0FF6928C4FE4AC0D0" author="Loiacono" box="[151,486,1717,1743]" pageId="15" pageNumber="28" refString="Loiacono, M. S. & Morrone, J. J. (1991) Immature stages of Rhigopsidius piercei Heller (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Elytron, 5, 23 - 29." type="journal article" year="1991">Loiácono & Morrone (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
regarded its larva to be similar to those of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA0EFFF0FC2828C4FB31C0D0" ID-CoL="8HHP6" authority="Jekel" authorityName="Jekel" box="[982,1181,1717,1743]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Listronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA0EFFF0FC2828C4FBF7C0D1" box="[982,1115,1717,1742]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Listronotus</emphasis>
|
||||
Jekel
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and the
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA0EFFF0FB0128C4FA37C0D0" box="[1279,1435,1717,1743]" name="New Zealand" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA0EFFF0FF6928AAFF55C0EB" ID-CoL="8HN3B" box="[151,249,1755,1780]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Nestrius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA0EFFF0FF6928AAFF55C0EB" box="[151,249,1755,1780]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Nestrius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA0EFFF0FEC428ABFE50C0EB" author="Marvaldi" box="[314,508,1754,1780]" pageId="15" pageNumber="29" refString="Marvaldi, A. E. (1998) Larvae of South American Rhytirrhininae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). The Coleopterists Bulletin, 52 (1), 71 - 89." type="journal article" year="1998">Marvaldi (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
also did not note any larval characters noticeably different from those of other South American
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA0EFFF0FEA32971FE47C105" box="[349,491,1792,1818]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Listroderini">Listroderini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A379D54AAA0EFFEFFF3A2954FEFBC46D" blockId="15.[151,1437,784,2004]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1438,152,1972]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
On the other hand,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA0EFFF0FE542954FDC1C120" ID-CoL="8HRW7" authority="Kuschel" authorityName="Kuschel" box="[426,621,1829,1855]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Telurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA0EFFF0FE542954FDAEC121" box="[426,514,1829,1854]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Telurus</emphasis>
|
||||
Kuschel
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, nested within the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA0EFFF0FCB32954FC76C121" ID-CoL="8HJRY" box="[845,986,1829,1854]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Falklandius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA0EFFF0FCB32954FC76C121" box="[845,986,1829,1854]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Falklandius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
group of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA0EFFF0FBB12954FB76C120" box="[1103,1242,1829,1855]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Listroderini">Listroderini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in Morrone’s & Anderson’s (1995) cladogram, bears small but clear scars of deciduous cusps on its mandibles (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BFDC9CFAA0EFFF0FB01293BFA23C17B" box="[1279,1423,1866,1892]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 33" captionStartId="18.[151,273,1786,1810]" captionTargetBox="[333,1234,218,1635]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[296,1296,194,1664]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 33. Scars of deciduous mandibular cusps of Telurus caudiculatus Morrone & Anderson (Argentina, Ushuaia, Ghiacciaio S. Martial, 22 - 1 - 1988). 32 — front of rostrum in anterior view with mandibles showing ventral scars (arrowed); 33 — mandibular scars enlarged (arrowed)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/293980/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs. 32–33</figureCitation>
|
||||
), in the same low position where they occur in the entimine tribe
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA0EFFF0FC4F2901FBC7C195" ID-CoL="8K44Z" box="[945,1131,1904,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cylydrorhinini">Cylydrorhinini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which is also diverse in temperate South
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA0EFFF0FE9729E4FE7EC1B0" box="[361,466,1941,1967]" name="United States of America" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">America</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and with which the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA0EFFF0FD2F29E4FCCFC1B0" box="[721,867,1941,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Listroderini">Listroderini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have been affiliated and confused in the past. Atypically of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA0EFFF0FEBA29CBFE69C1CB" ID-CoL="8JRPN" box="[324,453,1978,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Entiminae">Entiminae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA0EFFF0FE2C29CBFD25C1CB" ID-CoL="8K44Z" box="[466,649,1978,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cylydrorhinini">Cylydrorhinini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have phanerognathous mouthparts but may, in addition to their mandibular cusps, be distinguished from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFD7F2EE9FCA0C6AD" box="[641,780,152,178]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Listroderini">Listroderini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by their dorsally and posteriorly open scrobes.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFABA2EE9FA35C6AE" ID-CoL="8HRW7" box="[1348,1433,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Telurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFABA2EE9FA35C6AE" box="[1348,1433,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Telurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
agrees with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFECD2ECCFE5CC6C8" ID-CoL="8K44Z" box="[307,496,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cylydrorhinini">Cylydrorhinini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
also in its mouthparts and scrobes, and its ovipositor is similar to that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFF692E93FD8CC6E3" ID-CoL="8HH69" authority="Guerin-Meneville" authorityName="Guerin-Meneville" box="[151,544,226,252]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cylydrorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFF692E93FEEEC6E4" box="[151,322,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Cylydrorhinus</emphasis>
|
||||
Guérin-Méneville
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in having sharply pointed distal gonocoxites, with the stylus reduced to a subterminal tuft of setae. It therefore belongs in this entimine tribe rather than in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFBBB2F79FB63C73D" box="[1093,1231,264,290]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Listroderini">Listroderini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFAF92F79FA35C73D" box="[1287,1433,264,290]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cyclominae">Cyclominae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA11FFEFFF692F5CFEFEC758" author="Kuschel" box="[151,338,301,327]" pageId="16" pageNumber="28" refString="Kuschel, G. (1955) Nuevas sinonimias y anotaciones sobre Curculionoidea (Coleoptera). Investigaciones zoologicas chilenas, 4, 231 - 252." type="journal article" year="1955">Kuschel (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
had in fact originally described
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFD222F5CFC9EC759" ID-CoL="8HRW7" box="[732,818,301,326]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Telurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFD222F5CFC9EC759" box="[732,818,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Telurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFCA32F5CFBBCC758" ID-CoL="8K44Z" box="[861,1040,301,327]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cylydrorhinini">Cylydrorhinini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and he only later transferred the genus to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFEFB2F23FDF6C773" authority="(Kuschel 1958)" baseAuthorityName="Kuschel" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[261,602,338,364]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Listroderini">
|
||||
Listroderini (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA11FFEFFE5A2F23FDFDC773" author="Kuschel" box="[420,593,338,364]" pageId="16" pageNumber="28" refString="Kuschel, G. (1958) Nuevos Cylydrorhininae de la Patagonia (Col. Curculionoidea, Aporte 18) .. Revista Chilena de Entomologia, 4, 261 - 312." type="journal article" year="1958">Kuschel 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Whether other genera of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFC3D2F23FBFFC774" ID-CoL="8HJRY" box="[963,1107,338,363]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Falklandius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFC3D2F23FBFFC774" box="[963,1107,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Falklandius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
group or of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFB132F23FAD7C773" box="[1261,1403,338,364]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Listroderini">Listroderini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as currently constituted may be similarly misplaced in this tribe remains to be investigated; species examined of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFF692FECFE06C7A8" ID-CoL="8HJRY" authority="Enderlein" authorityName="Enderlein" box="[151,426,413,439]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Falklandius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFF692FECFE86C7A9" box="[151,298,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Falklandius</emphasis>
|
||||
Enderlein
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFDF42FECFC8DC7A8" ID-CoL="8HC7Q" authority="Morrone" authorityName="Morrone" box="[522,801,413,439]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Adioristidius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFDF42FECFD06C7A9" box="[522,682,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Adioristidius</emphasis>
|
||||
Morrone
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFCD02FECFBC6C7A8" ID-CoL="8HCKT" authority="Morrone" authorityName="Morrone" box="[814,1130,413,439]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Amathynetoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFCD02FECFC5EC7A9" box="[814,1010,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Amathynetoides</emphasis>
|
||||
Morrone
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFB882FECFA34C7A8" ID-CoL="8HCXJ" authority="Fairmaire" authorityName="Fairmaire" box="[1142,1432,413,439]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Antarctobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFB882FECFAB8C7A9" box="[1142,1300,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Antarctobius</emphasis>
|
||||
Fairmaire
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFF692FB3FE14C7C3" ID-CoL="8HJYM" authority="Morrone" authorityName="Morrone" box="[151,440,450,476]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Germainiellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFF692FB3FEE8C7C4" box="[151,324,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Germainiellus</emphasis>
|
||||
Morrone
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFE3B2FB3FD69C7C3" ID-CoL="8HKRC" authority="Marshall" authorityName="Marshall" box="[453,709,450,476]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hyperoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFE3B2FB3FDE3C7C4" box="[453,591,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Hyperoides</emphasis>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA11FFEFFDA92FB3FD69C7C3" box="[599,709,450,476]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Marshall</collectingCountry>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFD2D2FB3FC42C7C3" ID-CoL="8HHP5" authority="Schoenherr" authorityName="Schoenherr" box="[723,1006,450,476]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Listroderes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFD2D2FB3FCF6C7C4" box="[723,858,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Listroderes</emphasis>
|
||||
Schoenherr
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFC052FB3FB66C7C3" ID-CoL="8HHP6" authority="Jekel" authorityName="Jekel" box="[1019,1226,450,476]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Listronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFC052FB3FB28C7C4" box="[1019,1156,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Listronotus</emphasis>
|
||||
Jekel
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFAF82FB3FEB8C41D" ID-CoL="8HS99" authority="Blanchard" authorityName="Blanchard" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Trachodema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFAF82FB3FA30C7C4" box="[1286,1436,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Trachodema</emphasis>
|
||||
Blanchard
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
do not have mandibular scars but, as shown by the subantarctic entimine tribe
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFB1E2F99FA30C41D" ID-CoL="8KDS4" box="[1248,1436,488,514]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ectemnorhinini">Ectemnorhinini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA11FFEFFF612C7CFE66C438" author="Kuschel" box="[159,458,525,551]" pageId="16" pageNumber="28" refString="Kuschel, G. & Chown, S. L. (1995) Phylogeny and systematics of the Ectemnorhinus - group of genera (Insecta: Coleoptera). Invertebrate Taxonomy, 9, 841 - 863." type="journal article" year="1995">Kuschel & Chown 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), the absence (loss) of mandibular cusps is not necessarily evidence that a genus does not belong to the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFE5B2C43FD8EC453" ID-CoL="8JRPN" box="[421,546,562,588]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Entiminae">Entiminae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The current composition and definition of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFBDB2C43FB03C453" box="[1061,1199,562,588]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Listroderini">Listroderini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is therefore in need of reassessment.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBDC86C1AA11FFEFFF3A2C0CFB36C1AB" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A379D54AAA11FFEFFF3A2C0CFE85C5DD" blockId="16.[151,1438,152,1972]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||||
This state of affairs also extends to
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA11FFEFFD892C0CFD4AC488" box="[631,742,637,663]" name="Australia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA11FFEFFCDC2C0CFC6BC488" box="[802,967,637,663]" name="New Zealand" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, where certain genera have sometimes been included in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFE9E2CD3FE46C4A3" box="[352,490,674,700]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Listroderini">Listroderini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
but never on the basis of any proper and comprehensive concept of the tribe. Of the Australian “rhythirrinine” fauna (as in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA11FFEFFD4B2CB9FC36C4FD" author="Zimmerman" box="[693,922,712,738]" pageId="16" pageNumber="31" refString="Zimmerman, E. C. (1992) Australian Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Volume VI - Colour Plates 304 - 632. CSIRO, Australia, 707 pp." type="book chapter" year="1992">Zimmerman 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), the genera referable to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFB262CB9FAC1C4FD" box="[1240,1389,712,738]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Listroderini">Listroderini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFF692C9CFEEEC519" box="[151,322,749,774]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Anorthorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFF692C9CFEEEC519" box="[151,322,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Anorthorhinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFEAE2C9CFE12C519" box="[336,446,749,774]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Steriphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFEAE2C9CFE12C519" box="[336,446,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Steriphus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and also
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFDD12C9CFD1CC519" box="[559,688,749,774]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Methypora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFDD12C9CFD1CC519" box="[559,688,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Methypora</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(listed in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFCD62C9CFC37C518" box="[808,923,749,775]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aterpinae">Aterpinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA11FFEFFC3C2C9CFB0DC518" author="Zimmerman" box="[962,1185,749,775]" pageId="16" pageNumber="31" refString="Zimmerman, E. C. (1992) Australian Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Volume VI - Colour Plates 304 - 632. CSIRO, Australia, 707 pp." type="book chapter" year="1992">Zimmerman (1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA11FFEFFB502C9CFB47C518" author="Zimmerman" box="[1198,1259,749,775]" pageId="16" pageNumber="31" refString="Zimmerman, E. C. (1994) Australian Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Volume I - Orthoceri, Anthribidae to Attelabidae. The Primitive Weevils. CSIRO, Australia, 741 pp." type="book" year="1994">1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)), which differ from the other five genera (here provisionally kept in Rhythirrinini, as above) in possessing tibial spurs (respectively 1-1-1, 1-1-1 or 0-0-0, 0-1-2), a plesiomorphic ovipositor (with small, blunt subapical styli) and also a vestiture similar to that of the South American
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFCFA2D2CFC3FC568" box="[772,915,861,887]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Listroderini">Listroderini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Also the
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA11FFEFFBFB2D2CFB0DC568" box="[1029,1185,861,887]" name="New Zealand" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
genera
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFB032D2CFAC7C569" box="[1277,1387,861,886]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Gromilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFB032D2CFAC7C569" box="[1277,1387,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Gromilus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFF692DF3FF56C584" box="[151,250,898,923]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Nestrius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFF692DF3FF56C584" box="[151,250,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Nestrius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(again with spur formula 1-1-1) and seemingly
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFCC92DF3FC69C584" box="[823,965,898,923]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Liparogetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFCC92DF3FC69C584" box="[823,965,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Liparogetus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(not examined) have to be classified in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFF692DD9FE89C5DD" box="[151,293,936,962]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Listroderini">Listroderini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A379D54AAA11FFEFFF3A2DBCFBCFC343" blockId="16.[151,1438,152,1972]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||||
No native listroderines are hitherto recorded from Africa, but there are two species of an evidently undescribed genus in the Cape Province of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA11FFEFFD5F2D83FC96C213" box="[673,826,1010,1036]" name="South Africa" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||||
that must be referred to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFB9A2D83FB5CC213" box="[1124,1264,1010,1036]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Listroderini">Listroderini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
on account of their
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFF2B2A69FEEFC22E" box="[213,323,1048,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Steriphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFF2B2A69FEEFC22E" box="[213,323,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Steriphus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-like habitus and vestiture, tibial spur formula (1-1-2) and unmodified ovipositor. They do not appear to be adventive in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA11FFEFFE332A4CFDCAC248" box="[461,614,1085,1111]" name="South Africa" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||||
from either South
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA11FFEFFCB42A4CFC1CC248" box="[842,944,1085,1111]" name="United States of America" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">America</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(as is
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFC012A4CFAD8C248" authority="Marshall" authorityName="Marshall" box="[1023,1396,1085,1111]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hyperoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fragariae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFC012A4CFB53C249" box="[1023,1279,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Hyperoides fragariae</emphasis>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA11FFEFFAF62A4CFAD8C248" box="[1288,1396,1085,1111]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Marshall</collectingCountry>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) or from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA11FFEFFF272A13FEEAC263" box="[217,326,1122,1148]" name="Australia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(no such species described there as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFD042A12FCC5C263" box="[762,873,1123,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Steriphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFD042A12FCC5C263" box="[762,873,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Steriphus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFC6C2A12FBA0C263" box="[914,1036,1123,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Desiantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFC6C2A12FBA0C263" box="[914,1036,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Desiantha</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and thus seemingly are the only autochthonous listroderine element in Africa. One of the species has been reared from stems of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFADD2AF9FEE9C2D8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Geraniaceae" genus="Geranium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Geraniales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFADD2AF9FA30C2BE" box="[1315,1436,1160,1185]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Geranium</emphasis>
|
||||
(Geraniaceae)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and the other collected on leaves of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFCE92ADCFB6FC2D8" box="[791,1219,1197,1223]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mactridae" genus="Crassula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Veneroida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="coccinea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFCE92ADCFC52C2D9" box="[791,1022,1197,1222]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Crassula coccinea</emphasis>
|
||||
(Crassulaceae)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The Gondwanan distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFEB82AA3FE7CC2F3" box="[326,464,1234,1260]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Listroderini">Listroderini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is further manifested by the discovery of Pliocene fossils in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA11FFEFFB632AA3FABBC2F3" box="[1181,1303,1234,1260]" name="Antarctica" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA11FFEFFAD82AA3FEB0C30D" author="Ashworth" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" refString="Ashworth, A. C., Harwood, D. M., Webb, P. N. & Mabin, M. C. G. (1997) A weevil from the heart of Antarctica. Quaternary Proceedings, 5, 15 - 22." type="journal article" year="1997">
|
||||
Ashworth
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFF692A89FF60C30E" box="[151,204,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 1997
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA11FFEFFED42A89FDDAC30D" author="Ashworth" box="[298,630,1272,1298]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" refString="Ashworth, A. C. & Kuschel, G. (2003) Fossil weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from latitude 85 ºS Antarctica. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 191, 191 - 202." type="journal article" year="2003">Ashworth & Kuschel 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), which were assigned to the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFC1E2A89FBC4C30E" box="[992,1128,1272,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Listroderes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFC1E2A89FBC4C30E" box="[992,1128,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Listroderes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
complex (rather than the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFF692B6CFE98C329" box="[151,308,1309,1334]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Falklandius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFF692B6CFE98C329" box="[151,308,1309,1334]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Falklandius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
group), although the head as illustrated in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA11FFEFFC8B2B6CFB40C328" author="Ashworth" box="[885,1260,1309,1335]" pageId="16" pageNumber="27" refString="Ashworth, A. C. & Kuschel, G. (2003) Fossil weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from latitude 85 ºS Antarctica. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 191, 191 - 202." type="journal article" year="2003">Ashworth & Kuschel (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
shows weak, dorsolaterally open scrobes more similar to the condition in the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFC7A2B32FBBCC343" box="[900,1040,1347,1372]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Falklandius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFC7A2B32FBBCC343" box="[900,1040,1347,1372]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Falklandius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
group.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A379D54AAA11FFEFFF3A2B19FC83C100" blockId="16.[151,1438,152,1972]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||||
Given the uncertain composition of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFD992B19FD58C39D" box="[615,756,1384,1410]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Listroderini">Listroderini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, no clear definition and diagnosis of the tribe can as yet be provided. Based on the Australian,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA11FFEFFD9F2BFCFCA7C3B8" box="[609,779,1421,1447]" name="New Zealand" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and African genera here assigned to it and a small representation of American genera as examined, the following features characterise the group: dorsum mostly densely setose or squamose, setae on rostrum and pronotum often directed anteriad or mesad, on elytra posteriad; scrobes lateral but posteriorly sometimes curving onto rostral venter, posteriorly mostly open but occasionally angled down (e.g.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFDBE2852FD78C023" box="[576,724,1571,1596]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Listronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFDBE2852FD78C023" box="[576,724,1571,1596]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Listronotus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
); epistome generally poorly demarcated, rarely raised (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFF5F2839FE9EC07E" box="[161,306,1608,1633]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Acrostomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFF5F2839FE9EC07E" box="[161,306,1608,1633]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Acrostomus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFEBD2839FE49C07E" box="[323,485,1608,1633]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhigopsidius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFEBD2839FE49C07E" box="[323,485,1608,1633]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhigopsidius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
); eyes large, flat, usually oval (subcircular in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFBD22839FB6CC07E" box="[1068,1216,1608,1633]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Falklandius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFBD22839FB6CC07E" box="[1068,1216,1608,1633]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Falklandius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFB002839FA25C07E" box="[1278,1417,1608,1633]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Lanteriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFB002839FA25C07E" box="[1278,1417,1608,1633]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Lanteriella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
); mandibles paucisetose (3 or fewer setae); funicles with 1st and often 2nd segment elongated; prothorax with or without ocular lobes; prosternum long, sometimes slightly depressed, rarely excavate (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFB5A28E7FA93C0B0" box="[1188,1343,1686,1711]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhigopsidius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA11FFEFFB5A28E7FA93C0B0" box="[1188,1343,1686,1711]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhigopsidius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
); tibiae mucronate, generally with 1 or 2 spurs; claws divaricate, simple or with slight basal swelling; gonocoxites generally simple, with large, apical or subapical stylus carrying a tuft of setae, but occasionally without stylus and apex of gonocoxite flattened and bent (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BFDC9CFAA11FFEFFD6C2974FC8EC100" box="[658,802,1797,1823]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 31" captionStartId="18.[151,269,1722,1746]" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 31. Ovipositor structure of Listroderini, dorsal view. 30 — Rhigopsidius piercei Heller (Bolivia); 31 — Listroderes bimaculatus Boheman (Chile, Farellones, ix. 1991). Scale bars 0.5 mm." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs. 30–31</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A379D54AAA11FFEFFF3A295BFB36C1AB" blockId="16.[151,1438,152,1972]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||||
Information on the biology and hosts of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFD56295BFC98C15B" box="[680,820,1834,1860]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Listroderini">Listroderini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is also scarce but more comprehensive than for the other tribes of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA11FFEFFEAE2921FE45C175" box="[336,489,1872,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cyclominae">Cyclominae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, largely due to the fact that many listroderine larvae are considered pests in countries where they have been introduced. Suitable summaries with references are given by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA11FFEFFB252904FA30C190" author="Marvaldi" box="[1243,1436,1909,1935]" pageId="16" pageNumber="29" refString="Marvaldi, A. E. (1998) Larvae of South American Rhytirrhininae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). The Coleopterists Bulletin, 52 (1), 71 - 89." type="journal article" year="1998">Marvaldi (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
for the American and by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA11FFEFFE4229EBFDECC1AB" author="May" box="[444,576,1946,1972]" pageId="16" pageNumber="29" refString="May, B. M. (1993) Larvae of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera): a systematic overview. Fauna of New Zealand, 28, 1 - 226." type="journal article" year="1993">May (1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA11FFEFFDB229EBFD24C1AB" author="May" box="[588,648,1946,1972]" pageId="16" pageNumber="29" refString="May, B. M. (1994) An introduction to the immature stages of Australian Curculionoidea. Pp. 365 - 728. In: Zimmerman, E. C., Australian Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Volume II - Brentidae, Eurhynchidae, Apionidae and a chapter on Immature Stages by Brenda May. CSIRO, Australia, 755 pp." type="book chapter" year="1994">1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) for the
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA11FFEFFD1329EBFC25C1AB" box="[749,905,1946,1972]" name="New Zealand" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and Australian genera.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
317
data/2B/6F/64/2B6F645CAA15FFEAFF6928C3FB2DC39D.xml
Normal file
317
data/2B/6F/64/2B6F645CAA15FFEAFF6928C3FB2DC39D.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,317 @@
|
|||
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|
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<mods:title id="EE54BD08017510DA61526C5F3FB53A5D">A reclassification of the weevil subfamily Cyclominae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)</mods:title>
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|
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|
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<mods:title id="07657501DE7948F9DFF0976CF885BBB6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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|
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|
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|
||||
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|
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|
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<mods:classification id="877A8282775899834BBDC6F94C81A2D4">journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment id="2B6F645CAA15FFEAFF6928C3FB2DC39D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6206708" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119389333" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6206708" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B6F645CAA15FFEAFF6928C3FB2DC39D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B6F645CAA15FFEAFF6928C3FB2DC39D" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<subSubSection id="EBDC86C1AA15FFEBFF6928C3FDE7C10B" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A379D54AAA15FFEBFF6928C3FE72C0D3" blockId="20.[151,1178,1714,1887]" box="[151,478,1714,1740]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<heading id="F8316226AA15FFEBFF6928C3FE72C0D3" bold="true" box="[151,478,1714,1740]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" reason="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA15FFEBFF6928C3FE72C0D3" bold="true" box="[151,478,1714,1740]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
Tribe
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA15FFEBFF1C28C3FEE0C0D3" box="[226,332,1714,1740]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Aterpini">Aterpini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Lacordaire
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A379D54AAA15FFEBFF3828A4FDE7C10B" blockId="20.[151,1178,1714,1887]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
Heliomeneidae Gistel, 1848: [2] (a
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA15FFEBFD9B28A7FCB9C0F0" box="[613,789,1750,1775]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">nomen oblitum</emphasis>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA15FFEBFCDA28A4FB22C0F0" author="Alonso-Zarazaga" box="[804,1166,1749,1775]" pageId="20" pageNumber="27" refString="Alonso-Zarazaga, M. A. & Lyal, C. H. C. (2002) Addenda and corrigenda to ' A World Catalogue of Families and Genera of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) '. Zootaxa, 63, 1 - 37." type="journal article" year="2002">Alonso-Zarazaga & Lyal 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Aterpides
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA15FFEBFEC1288BFDA0C10B" author="Lacordaire" box="[319,524,1786,1812]" pageId="20" pageNumber="28" refString="Lacordaire, M. T. (1863) Histoire naturelle des insectes. Genera des Coleopteres ou expose methodique et critique de tous les genres proposes jusqu'ici dans cet ordre d'insectes, Vol. 6. Roret, Paris, 637 pp." type="book" year="1863">Lacordaire, 1863</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 410.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBDC86C1AA15FFEAFF382951FB2DC39D" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A379D54AAA15FFEBFF382951FD28C125" blockId="20.[151,1178,1714,1887]" box="[198,644,1824,1850]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
Pélororhinides
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA15FFEBFE862951FDE9C125" author="Lacordaire" box="[376,581,1824,1850]" pageId="20" pageNumber="28" refString="Lacordaire, M. T. (1863) Histoire naturelle des insectes. Genera des Coleopteres ou expose methodique et critique de tous les genres proposes jusqu'ici dans cet ordre d'insectes, Vol. 6. Roret, Paris, 637 pp." type="book" year="1863">Lacordaire, 1863</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 415.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A379D54AAA15FFEBFF382934FDB9C140" blockId="20.[151,1178,1714,1887]" box="[198,533,1861,1887]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Rhinarides Jekel, 1865: 546.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A379D54AAA15FFEAFF6929E1FB2DC39D" blockId="20.[151,1436,1936,2036]" lastBlockId="21.[151,1437,152,1410]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA15FFEBFF6929E1FF14C1B5" box="[151,184,1936,1962]" name="American Samoa" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">As</collectingCountry>
|
||||
indicated by Oberprieler
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA15FFEBFE1D29E1FDBAC1B6" box="[483,534,1936,1961]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. (2007), this tribe is a compound group including, in its current composition, several discordant elements. The uncinate tibiae and wood-boring larvae of most of the genera indicate a molytine affinity, and indeed several were originally classified in “Hylobiinae” and there are a number of undescribed Australian genera (one illustrated by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA14FFEAFD0E2EE9FC67C6AD" author="Zimmerman" box="[752,971,152,178]" pageId="21" pageNumber="31" refString="Zimmerman, E. C. (1992) Australian Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Volume VI - Colour Plates 304 - 632. CSIRO, Australia, 707 pp." type="book chapter" year="1992">Zimmerman 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, plate 595, figs. 1–2) that may equally well be classified as aterpines than as molytines. Also the so-called Diabathrariini of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA14FFEAFB852ECCFB4AC6C8" box="[1147,1254,189,215]" name="Australia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(see below), in particular
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFEF12E93FE77C6E3" authority="Pascoe" authorityName="Pascoe" box="[271,475,226,252]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aromagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFEF12E93FE2CC6E4" box="[271,384,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Aromagis</emphasis>
|
||||
Pascoe
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, readily fit into
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFD692E93FD55C6E3" box="[663,761,226,252]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Aterpini">Aterpini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the current concept of this group, both on morphology and larval biology. On the other hand, the rare
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFD212F79FBAAC73D" authority="Blackburn" authorityName="Blackburn" box="[735,1030,264,290]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Catocalephe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFD212F79FCD6C73E" box="[735,890,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Catocalephe</emphasis>
|
||||
Blackburn
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, again transferred to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFAF02F79FAD9C73D" box="[1294,1397,264,290]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Aterpini">Aterpini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA14FFEAFF692F5CFDBBC758" author="Alonso-Zarazaga" box="[151,535,301,327]" pageId="21" pageNumber="27" refString="Alonso-Zarazaga, M. A. & Lyal, C. H. C. (1999) A World Catalogue of Families and Genera of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) (excepting Scolytidae and Platypodidae). Entomopraxis, S. C. P., Spain, 315 pp." type="book" year="1999">Alonso-Zarazaga & Lyal (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, where
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA14FFEAFD8A2F5CFCEAC758" author="Blackburn" box="[628,838,301,327]" pageId="21" pageNumber="27" refString="Blackburn, T. (1895) Further notes on Australian Coleoptera, with descriptions of new genera and species. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 19, 201 - 258." type="journal article" year="1895">Blackburn (1895)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
had placed it originally, does not show an affinity with any of the other genera included in this tribe. Instead it agrees rather well with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFB712F23FAF4C773" authority="Pascoe" authorityName="Pascoe" box="[1167,1368,338,364]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Therebus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFB712F23FB51C774" box="[1167,1277,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Therebus</emphasis>
|
||||
Pascoe
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in its vestiture, rostrum with flat, porrect mandibles, small ocular lobes and the hind tibiae having a false corbel, and it evidently likewise belongs in the tribe
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFD2A2FECFCD4C7A8" box="[724,888,413,439]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Psepholacini">Psepholacini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, classified in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFBD82FECFAABC7A8" box="[1062,1287,413,439]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cryptorhynchinae">Cryptorhynchinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by Alonso-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA14FFEAFF692FB3FE1AC7C3" author="Zarazaga" box="[151,438,450,476]" pageId="21" pageNumber="27" refString="Alonso-Zarazaga, M. A. & Lyal, C. H. C. (1999) A World Catalogue of Families and Genera of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) (excepting Scolytidae and Platypodidae). Entomopraxis, S. C. P., Spain, 315 pp." type="book" year="1999">Zarazaga & Lyal (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
but in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFDF52FB3FD28C7C3" box="[523,644,450,476]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Molytinae">Molytinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by Oberprieler
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFCBC2FB3FCDAC7C4" box="[834,886,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. (2007). In fact,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA14FFEAFBBE2FB3FB68C7C3" author="Lea" box="[1088,1220,450,476]" pageId="21" pageNumber="28" refString="Lea, A. M. (1913) Notes on Cryptorhynchides (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) in the South Australian Museum, with descriptions of new species. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 37, 182 - 300." type="journal article" year="1913">Lea (1913)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
had concluded its placement in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFECA2F99FE66C41D" box="[308,458,488,514]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Psepholacini">Psepholacini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
near
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFDF52F99FDDBC41E" box="[523,631,488,513]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Therebus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFDF52F99FDDBC41E" box="[523,631,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Therebus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
almost a century ago. The Rhadinosomini, classified as a subtribe of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFF692C7CFEACC438" box="[151,256,525,551]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Aterpini">Aterpini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA14FFEAFED42C7CFD6DC438" author="Alonso-Zarazaga" box="[298,705,525,551]" pageId="21" pageNumber="27" refString="Alonso-Zarazaga, M. A. & Lyal, C. H. C. (1999) A World Catalogue of Families and Genera of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) (excepting Scolytidae and Platypodidae). Entomopraxis, S. C. P., Spain, 315 pp." type="book" year="1999">Alonso-Zarazaga & Lyal (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, are a similarly mixed group and mostly appear to belong somewhere in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFEBE2C43FE4AC453" box="[320,486,562,588]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Curculioninae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
rather than in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFD702C43FCB0C453" box="[654,796,562,588]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cyclominae">Cyclominae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFCBC2C43FC13C453" box="[834,959,562,588]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Molytinae">Molytinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Thus, pending a more thorough study of the aterpines, it seems that many of the genera may eventually have to be excluded from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFB612C29FA9DC46D" box="[1183,1329,600,626]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cyclominae">Cyclominae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Arguing for their inclusion in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFE6E2C0CFDB2C488" box="[400,542,637,663]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cyclominae">Cyclominae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is apparently only the position of setae
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFC0A2C0CFB86C489" box="[1012,1066,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
des
|
||||
<quantity id="643E78AFAA14FFEAFBE22C0CFB86C489" box="[1052,1066,637,662]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="in" value="3.0">3</quantity>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
in the larva, which are situated in the frontal sutures or on the frons in the aterpine genera studied by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA14FFEAFC2B2CD3FBF5C4A3" author="May" box="[981,1113,674,700]" pageId="21" pageNumber="29" refString="May, B. M. (1993) Larvae of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera): a systematic overview. Fauna of New Zealand, 28, 1 - 226." type="journal article" year="1993">May (1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA14FFEAFB992CD3FB0FC4A3" author="May" box="[1127,1187,674,700]" pageId="21" pageNumber="29" refString="May, B. M. (1994) An introduction to the immature stages of Australian Curculionoidea. Pp. 365 - 728. In: Zimmerman, E. C., Australian Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Volume II - Brentidae, Eurhynchidae, Apionidae and a chapter on Immature Stages by Brenda May. CSIRO, Australia, 755 pp." type="book chapter" year="1994">1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) —
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFB272CD3FA34C4A3" authority="Pascoe" authorityName="Pascoe" box="[1241,1432,674,700]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aesiotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFB272CD3FA97C4A4" box="[1241,1339,674,699]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Aesiotes</emphasis>
|
||||
Pascoe
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFF692CB9FEF3C4FD" authority="Sharp" authorityName="Sharp" box="[151,351,712,738]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Anagotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFF692CB9FEA0C4FE" box="[151,268,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Anagotus</emphasis>
|
||||
Sharp
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFE932CB9FDDEC4FD" authority="Germar" authorityName="Germar" box="[365,626,712,738]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Chrysolopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFE932CB9FDA5C4FE" box="[365,521,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Chrysolopus</emphasis>
|
||||
Germar
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFD7E2CB9FC14C4FD" authority="Schoenherr" authorityName="Schoenherr" box="[640,952,712,738]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pelororhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFD7E2CB9FC8EC4FE" box="[640,802,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Pelororhinus</emphasis>
|
||||
Schoenherr
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFC0B2CB9FAEDC4FD" authority="Schoenherr" authorityName="Schoenherr" box="[1013,1345,712,738]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhadinosomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFC0B2CB9FB06C4FE" box="[1013,1194,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Rhadinosomus</emphasis>
|
||||
Schoenherr
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
— and seemingly also in the Chilean
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFE022C9CFD5FC518" authority="Erichson" authorityName="Erichson" box="[508,755,749,775]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Aegorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFE022C9CFD2FC519" box="[508,643,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Aegorhinus</emphasis>
|
||||
Erichson
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(van
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA14FFEAFCC92C9CFC63C518" author="Emden" box="[823,975,749,775]" pageId="21" pageNumber="31" refString="van Emden, F. (1951) Description of the larvae of Aegorrhinus phaleratus Er. (Coleoptera Curculioniade). Revista chilena de Entomologia, 1, 245 - 248." type="journal article" year="1951">Emden 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA14FFEAFC222C9CFB22C518" author="Marvaldi" box="[988,1166,749,775]" pageId="21" pageNumber="29" refString="Marvaldi, A. E. (1997) Higher level phylogeny of Curculionidae (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) based mainly on larval characters, with special reference to broad-nosed weevils. Cladistics, 13, 285 - 312." type="journal article" year="1997">Marvaldi 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). This position of
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFA982C9CFA37C519" box="[1382,1435,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">des3</emphasis>
|
||||
typically occurs in the curculionid subfamilies
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFD0A2D63FC03C533" box="[756,943,786,812]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Brachycerinae">Brachycerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFC432D63FB93C533" box="[957,1087,786,812]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Entiminae">Entiminae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFB812D63FABBC533" box="[1151,1303,786,812]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cyclominae">Cyclominae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
but not in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFF692D49FEBBC54D" box="[151,279,824,850]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Molytinae">Molytinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as currently understood, although the
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA14FFEAFD002D49FC09C54D" box="[766,933,824,850]" name="New Zealand" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
fern weevil genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFB692D49FA34C54D" authority="Broun" authorityName="Broun" box="[1175,1432,824,850]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Megacolabus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFB692D49FA92C54E" box="[1175,1342,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Megacolabus</emphasis>
|
||||
Broun
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, generally classified in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFE612D2CFDB4C568" box="[415,536,861,887]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Molytinae">Molytinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA14FFEAFDD92D2CFD61C568" author="Kuschel" box="[551,717,861,887]" pageId="21" pageNumber="28" refString="Kuschel, G. (1964) Insects of Campbell Island. Coleoptera: Curculionidae of the subantarctic islands of New Zealand. Pacific Insects Monograph, 7, 416 - 493." type="journal article" year="1964">Kuschel 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA14FFEAFD272D2CFCBAC568" author="Kuschel" box="[729,790,861,887]" pageId="21" pageNumber="28" refString="Kuschel, G. (1987) The subfamily Molytinae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): general notes and descriptions of new taxa from New Zealand and Chile. New Zealand Entomologist, 9, 11 - 29." type="journal article" year="1987">1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA14FFEAFCDD2D2CFC31C568" author="May" box="[803,925,861,887]" pageId="21" pageNumber="29" refString="May, B. M. (1993) Larvae of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera): a systematic overview. Fauna of New Zealand, 28, 1 - 226." type="journal article" year="1993">
|
||||
<date id="D778F38AAA14FFEAFCDD2D2CFC31C568" box="[803,925,861,887]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1993-05">May 1993</date>
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA14FFEAFC572D2CFABDC568" author="Alonso-Zarazaga" box="[937,1297,861,887]" pageId="21" pageNumber="27" refString="Alonso-Zarazaga, M. A. & Lyal, C. H. C. (1999) A World Catalogue of Families and Genera of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) (excepting Scolytidae and Platypodidae). Entomopraxis, S. C. P., Spain, 315 pp." type="book" year="1999">Alonso-Zarazaga & Lyal 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA14FFEAFAE32D2CFF57C583" author="Leschen" pageId="21" pageNumber="28" refString="Leschen, R. A. B., Lawrence, J. F., Kuschel, G., Thorpe, S. & Wang, Q. (2003) Coleoptera genera of New Zealand. New Zealand Entomologist, 26, 15 - 28." type="journal article" year="2003">
|
||||
Leschen
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFA792D2CFF02C584" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2003
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), also has
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFE8B2DF3FE07C584" box="[373,427,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">des3</emphasis>
|
||||
situated in the frontal sutures (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA14FFEAFCE92DF3FC3EC583" author="May" box="[791,914,898,924]" pageId="21" pageNumber="29" refString="May, B. M. (1973) A new species of Megacolabus and descriptions of the immature stages of M. decipiens (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 3 (2), 255 - 262." type="journal article" year="1973">
|
||||
<date id="D778F38AAA14FFEAFCE92DF3FC3EC583" box="[791,914,898,924]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1973-05">May 1973</date>
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and would therefore equally readily fit into
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFF692DD9FE3DC5DD" authority="(May 1993)" baseAuthorityName="May" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[151,401,936,962]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Aterpini">
|
||||
Aterpini (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA14FFEAFEF72DD9FE24C5DD" author="May" box="[265,392,936,962]" pageId="21" pageNumber="29" refString="May, B. M. (1993) Larvae of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera): a systematic overview. Fauna of New Zealand, 28, 1 - 226." type="journal article" year="1993">May 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Also the Australian fern weevil
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFCE72DD9FC71C5DD" authority="Pascoe" authorityName="Pascoe" box="[793,989,936,962]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Syagrius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFCE72DD9FC2CC5DE" box="[793,896,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Syagrius</emphasis>
|
||||
Pascoe
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, similarly placed in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFB302DD9FAEBC5DD" box="[1230,1351,936,962]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Molytinae">Molytinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(in the tribe
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFF2A2DBCFEF9C5F8" box="[212,341,973,999]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Phrynixini">Phrynixini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), has
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFE672DBCFE62C5F9" box="[409,462,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">des3</emphasis>
|
||||
positioned on the frons (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA14FFEAFD082DBCFB83C5F8" author="Anderson" box="[758,1071,973,999]" pageId="21" pageNumber="27" refString="Anderson, W. H. (1952) Larvae of some genera of Cossoninae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 45 (2), 281 - 309." type="journal article" year="1952">Anderson 1952; pers. obs.</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and could thus be included in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFF692D83FF53C213" box="[151,255,1010,1036]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Aterpini">Aterpini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, although the other
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBD195DAAA14FFEAFE0F2D83FD3FC213" box="[497,659,1010,1036]" name="New Zealand" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
fern weevil,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFCCB2D83FC5AC213" authority="Broun" authorityName="Broun" box="[821,1014,1010,1036]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rystheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFCCB2D83FC0CC214" box="[821,928,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Rystheus</emphasis>
|
||||
Broun
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and also
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFB8F2D83FAEBC213" authority="Pascoe" authorityName="Pascoe" box="[1137,1351,1010,1036]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phrynixus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFB8F2D83FB47C214" box="[1137,1259,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Phrynixus</emphasis>
|
||||
Pascoe
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
do not (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA14FFEAFF612A69FEB0C22D" author="May" box="[159,284,1048,1074]" pageId="21" pageNumber="29" refString="May, B. M. (1993) Larvae of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera): a systematic overview. Fauna of New Zealand, 28, 1 - 226." type="journal article" year="1993">
|
||||
<date id="D778F38AAA14FFEAFF612A69FEB0C22D" box="[159,284,1048,1074]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1993-05">May 1993</date>
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Further, the molytine tribe Anchonini (at least
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFCB12A69FBFDC22D" authority="Schoenherr" authorityName="Schoenherr" box="[847,1105,1048,1074]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Anchonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFCB12A69FC6EC22E" box="[847,962,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Anchonus</emphasis>
|
||||
Schoenherr
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) also has
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFB3A2A69FB55C22E" box="[1220,1273,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">des3</emphasis>
|
||||
placed on the frons (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA14FFEAFF1D2A4CFE32C248" author="Anderson" box="[227,414,1085,1111]" pageId="21" pageNumber="27" refString="Anderson, W. H. (1952) Larvae of some genera of Cossoninae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 45 (2), 281 - 309." type="journal article" year="1952">Anderson 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), while in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFDE52A4CFC92C248" authority="Schoenherr" authorityName="Schoenherr" box="[539,830,1085,1111]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Paramecops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFDE52A4CFD02C249" box="[539,686,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Paramecops</emphasis>
|
||||
Schoenherr
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, classified in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFC212A4CFBE3C248" box="[991,1103,1085,1111]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hylobiini">Hylobiini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA14FFEAFB892A4CFF47C263" author="Alonso-Zarazaga" pageId="21" pageNumber="27" refString="Alonso-Zarazaga, M. A. & Lyal, C. H. C. (1999) A World Catalogue of Families and Genera of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) (excepting Scolytidae and Platypodidae). Entomopraxis, S. C. P., Spain, 315 pp." type="book" year="1999">Alonso-Zarazaga & Lyal (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, they are located on the epicranium right next to the frontal sutures (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA14FFEAFBC22A13FA89C263" author="Oberprieler" box="[1084,1317,1122,1148]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" refString="Oberprieler, R. G. (1988 b) The life history of Paramecops stapeliae (Marshall), with a review of the genus Paramecops (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Molytinae). Journal of Natural History, 22, 1451 - 1464." type="journal article" year="1988" yearSuffix="b">Oberprieler 1988b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). In other characters the known aterpine larvae readily agree with those of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFC782AF9FC52C2BD" box="[902,1022,1160,1186]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Molytinae">Molytinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(van
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA14FFEAFBBE2AF9FB7BC2BD" author="Emden" box="[1088,1239,1160,1186]" pageId="21" pageNumber="31" refString="van Emden, F. (1951) Description of the larvae of Aegorrhinus phaleratus Er. (Coleoptera Curculioniade). Revista chilena de Entomologia, 1, 245 - 248." type="journal article" year="1951">Emden 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C757A8BBAA14FFEAFB1D2AF9FAF2C2BD" author="May" box="[1251,1374,1160,1186]" pageId="21" pageNumber="29" refString="May, B. M. (1994) An introduction to the immature stages of Australian Curculionoidea. Pp. 365 - 728. In: Zimmerman, E. C., Australian Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Volume II - Brentidae, Eurhynchidae, Apionidae and a chapter on Immature Stages by Brenda May. CSIRO, Australia, 755 pp." type="book chapter" year="1994">
|
||||
<date id="D778F38AAA14FFEAFB1D2AF9FAF2C2BD" box="[1251,1374,1160,1186]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1994-05">May 1994</date>
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), and it therefore appears that the aterpines conflict with the current limits between
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFBB52ADCFB70C2D8" box="[1099,1244,1197,1223]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cyclominae">Cyclominae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFAE72ADCFA35C2D8" box="[1305,1433,1197,1223]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Molytinae">Molytinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Detailed studies are needed to resolve this problem, including also similarly controversial African genera (e.g.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFF222A89FD8CC30D" authority="Aurivillius" authorityName="Aurivillius" box="[220,544,1272,1298]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Brachyceropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFF222A89FE38C30E" box="[220,404,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Brachyceropsis</emphasis>
|
||||
Aurivillius
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFDD32A89FD7EC30D" authority="Klug" authorityName="Klug" box="[557,722,1272,1298]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Lithinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFDD32A89FD23C30E" box="[557,655,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Lithinus</emphasis>
|
||||
Klug
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFCF32A89FBF0C30D" authority="Schoenherr" authorityName="Schoenherr" box="[781,1116,1272,1298]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhytidophloeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFCF32A89FC6AC30E" box="[781,966,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Rhytidophloeus</emphasis>
|
||||
Schoenherr
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). Like the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFB252A89FAC7C30D" box="[1243,1387,1272,1298]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Listroderini">Listroderini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFF692B6CFF56C328" box="[151,250,1309,1335]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Aterpini">Aterpini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
generally have a simple ovipositor, with well developed, setose styli, and the gonocoxites are only slightly modified for piercing or pushing in a few genera (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFCBF2B32FBA0C343" authority="Pascoe" authorityName="Pascoe" box="[833,1036,1346,1372]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Nemestra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFCBF2B32FC1DC343" box="[833,945,1347,1372]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Nemestra</emphasis>
|
||||
Pascoe
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, some
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFBA32B32FB58C343" box="[1117,1268,1347,1372]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pelolorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFBA32B32FB58C343" box="[1117,1268,1347,1372]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Pelolorhinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFAFD2B32FF46C39D" authority="Pascoe" authorityName="Pascoe" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhinoplethes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91B20958AA14FFEAFAFD2B32FA30C343" box="[1283,1436,1347,1372]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Rhinoplethes</emphasis>
|
||||
Pascoe
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) but never to an extent as is common in the terricolous groups of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64C6AEC9AA14FFEAFC152B19FBD1C39D" box="[1003,1149,1384,1410]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cyclominae">Cyclominae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
271
data/2B/6F/C2/2B6FC240BD0F06AAA46A6A57B4CFC850.xml
Normal file
271
data/2B/6F/C2/2B6FC240BD0F06AAA46A6A57B4CFC850.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,271 @@
|
|||
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||||
<treatment id="2B6FC240BD0F06AAA46A6A57B4CFC850" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152054447" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B6FC240BD0F06AAA46A6A57B4CFC850" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B6FC240BD0F06AAA46A6A57B4CFC850" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
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<paragraph id="DB3AFE1EC4D746E65D3BB52F0B36563B" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Carabidae</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="368A388564D961E9434F76D823387836" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
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|
||||
<taxonomicName id="71D58F0A5CB47F8F570085E8023C1163" ID-CoL="74X2C" authority="Chaudoir, 1873" authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus longior" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longior">Orthomus longior Chaudoir, 1873</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figs 2, 5, 9, 13, 17
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="D2A4B21F4F8074A81F3F4735E355090D" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2A63C5452CB9B9F2F4A037F0622CFF2C" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DE4AB769ED852B787F8146216037192A" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Othomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Othomus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Othomus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
[sic!] longior Chaudoir, 1873: 105 (type locality:
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0468854B20DA71E88BA250D5F008F2CE" originalValue="“Sidon”">"Sidon"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), (as locality of LT), part
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="9218A222486B924B5E1C30EF5A5BEEAC" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A9176E14A4A7779F5F446DAEF1709E5B" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Feronia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Feronia (Argutor) longula" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longula" subGenus="Argutor">Feronia (Argutor) longula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Reiche & Saulcy, 1855: 616, part
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="0D4B15900988F734C84CA8D949FB3935" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="51462317DFBF36CA1819A9550857E172" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus sidonicus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sidonicus">Orthomus sidonicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Chaudoir, 1873: 110 (type locality: "Sidon (Syrie)" [
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2792F89208CCF4E7D1391ECE260513E1" originalValue="Saïda">Saida</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Lebanon], syn. n.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="41BE08A6E9A7EFB8FC6FD30EEE57A9F6" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3BD12CE0177AB7846E6DC5E65F578365" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus longulus subsp. sidonicus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="longulus" subSpecies="sidonicus">Orthomus longulus sidonicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: Mateu, 1955: 56, 63
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="DCF9CB001C85F49F2B42D5F64FC6C3BD" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E1BE02AFEA43AC2EFE115A23651E158A" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4811B499767595E4900D0E104B55DBB1" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0A6608EF712C22F9B3C5045584C156CA" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus longior" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longior">Orthomus longior</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Chaudoir, 1873 (specimens belonging to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0876BCA4CFC4652D60ABE617396F190F" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus longior" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longior">Orthomus longior</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). Consists of 4 ♀♀ preserved in MNHP, investigation revealed non-conspecificity. Three specimens are identical with the lectotype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F2C1929151D902E2D3C47CEBCAEC95E2" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus berytensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="berytensis">Orthomus berytensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(for these specimens see under
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4DBC85656527A54B8A97C4143189D9E3" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus berytensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="berytensis">Orthomus berytensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). The fourth female possesses labels:
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0761F4AF9FEDA46D551C99679C09CADB" originalValue="“Sidon”">"Sidon"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
[handwritten on white label by Chaudoir],
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A61AAA68505E69CD274DCA20413C659C" originalValue="“longior”">"longior"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
[handwritten in red with ball-pen on white label by Mateu]. This specimen is conspecific with the holotype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1B297660D698DAB0D49FE116809B89B" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus sidonicus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sidonicus">Orthomus sidonicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. As only that bears a locality label we choose this one as lectotype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2C625D0FB5223EAFBCF18B7E6ACBFCBF" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus longior" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longior">Orthomus longior</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. This action led to the synonymy of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A9499F790C6266D51B1D804C8F686801" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus longior" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longior">Orthomus longior</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="05A1B39C5A7778E83F8E344E39BB8F79" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus sidonicus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sidonicus">Orthomus sidonicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The two names are published on the same date in the same work (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="95186366E7999F9871224C13336DE1A1" author="Chaudoir, M de" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou" pageId="28" pageNumber="49" pagination="85 - 116" title="Materiaux pour servir a l'etude des feroniens." volume="46" year="1873">Chaudoir 1873</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). As "first reviewing authors", we give precedence of the former following the Article 24.2.2 of the Code (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C3485A36389F91916FCF71E2AE562E4" author="Heyden, L von" journalOrPublisher="International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London" pageId="28" pageNumber="49" title="International Code on Zoological Nomenclature, fourth edition, adopted by the International Union of Biological Sciences" url="http://www.iczn.org/iczn" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Hence, the specimen in question is supplied with additional label: "Lectotype
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4573A1B96E1D47E076D860681EB8EDC1" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus longior" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longior">Orthomus longior</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Chaudoir, 1873 B.
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F0645703C94D49010AFA7DA743604624" originalValue="Guéorguiev">Gueorguiev</normalizedToken>
|
||||
& D.W.Wrase des. 2012" [black print on red label].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="561D3C39A6CC8574F5928E40BA860387" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="F7C3A944E8210448CEEA2E74EA4E7A9A" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
material.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2B7981C6942C0DB779740BDA2937975A" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Feronia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Feronia longula" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longula">Feronia longula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Reiche & Saulcy, 1855 (specimens belonging to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BBC6187D16E3290D2BBC2A2150C75C92" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus longior" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longior">Orthomus longior</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). The following three male and one female specimen belong to the type series of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C2418BE1037878A337A2C4FFED962081" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Feronia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Feronia longula" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longula">Feronia longula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(MHNG, see below). The study of the genitalia of all males, as well as the external characters of both sexes proved that all specimens belong to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="15E451D4719EDA1130EBAFB05E72B378" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus longior" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longior">Orthomus longior</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: 1 ♂,
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F7805AACEFEADCF14D7DCE793B8810B1" originalValue="“Beyrouth”">"Beyrouth"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
[Reiche's handwriting on yellow label], "Coll. Reiche" [black print on white label], "
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="37185A2B7FCBB6761400D1C842F1A504" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus longulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longulus">Orthomus longulus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Reiche Label MHNG 2010" [black print on white label by G. Cuccodoro]; 1 ♂,
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E85CDE3B21A30D234D2CD47A0A7EEB47" originalValue="“longulus”">"longulus"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
[Reiche's handwriting on white label], "Coll. Reiche" [black print on white label], "
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8E6F250D1F69AFD0E1E3BE59FE8474B9" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus longulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longulus">Orthomus longulus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Reiche 'Egypte, Syrie.' Label MHNG 2010" [black print on white label by G. Cuccodoro]; 1 ♂, "Coll. Reiche" [black print on white label], "
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="13156A248FF89868665DA27154EEBB87" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus longulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longulus">Orthomus longulus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Reiche 'Egypte, Syrie.' Label MHNG 2010" [black print on white label by G. Cuccodoro]; 1 ♀,
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3780E092AFC60D79E9609FF477ABF73A" originalValue="“Nazareth”">"Nazareth"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
[Reiche's handwriting on yellow label], "Coll. Reiche" [black print on white label], "
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ADF42D9E2E2A61591D5D07E2653F9AA2" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus longulus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longulus">Orthomus longulus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Reiche Label MHNG 2010" [black print on white label by Cuccodoro]. All specimens with labels, subsequently added: "Paralectotype
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EE8C600C7BF1ED206C85296E8836FD08" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Feronia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Feronia longula" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longula">Feronia longula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Reiche & Saulcy, 1855 B.
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E7580DACEBB464F80694A69B91EAE05F" originalValue="Guéorguiev">Gueorguiev</normalizedToken>
|
||||
& D.W.Wrase des. 2012" [black print on red label], "
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E6826607867DF34BA5F4D537D71F7891" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus longior" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longior">Orthomus longior</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Chaudoir, 1873 det. B.
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="BA4594356E316A9D9A3BB1E1AE15DCF1" originalValue="Guéorguiev”">Gueorguiev"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
[black print on white label].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="40DA24B80F34623389411A8C6021DB98" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
Type material.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E9F470281C9CEBCE37A740084D02B437" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus sidonicus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sidonicus">Orthomus sidonicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Chaudoir, 1873. Holotype ♂ in MNHP, with extracted genitalia. The median lobe and parameres are well preserved and glued on a separate card pinned beneath the specimen. The specimen bears the following labels:
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="EA38A64E15DC6082E8D8D3CD5213728D" originalValue="“Sidon.”">"Sidon."</normalizedToken>
|
||||
[handwritten on white label by Chaudoir], "sidonicus Chaud." [handwritten in red with ball-pen on white label by Mateu], and, subsequently added: "Holotype
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DD2BF86DD834AA9AD069BF05815D5E14" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus sidonicus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sidonicus">Orthomus sidonicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Chaudoir, 1873" [black print on red label by
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C369207E5FDE9AD778B024D1E0A0A823" originalValue="Guéorguiev">Gueorguiev</normalizedToken>
|
||||
], "
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ED3B12A3DE4B0B8E2A674161754F63CA" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus longior" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longior">Orthomus longior</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Chaudoir, 1873 det. B.
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="05C38471799EE1A0CD13CC9C6CE11330" originalValue="Guéorguiev”">Gueorguiev"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
[black print on white label].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9C48FABD64C16A305FEADE9B519840DD" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" type="other material studied">
|
||||
<paragraph id="58AA6B2EDDC30BB121A015419228D148" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">Other material studied.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B35FA75DFB75662805D13DB4B42DFB98" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
ISRAEL: Northern District: 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, Upper Galilee, Nahal Kziv, 30.i.1999 / 6.iii.1999, M. Finkel (TAU); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Upper Galilee, Meron Mts., Meron Field School,
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="653D55F33999E0D648C3733CB48B62A8" pageId="12" pageNumber="33" start="start">ca</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
1000 m (open woodland), 8.-20.III.2008, D.W.Wrase leg. (DWBG); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Upper Galilee, Meron Mts., Har Meron, 850 m (cedar/pine forest, pitfall trap), 6.V.1996, P. Schnitter & K. Staven leg. (DWBG); 1 ♂, Upper Galilee, Meron Mts., Nakhar (Wadi) Moran, 1 km W Meron field school, ca 900 m (N. slope, slope spring, under stones), 11.III.2008, D.W.Wrase leg. (DWBG); 1 ♀, Upper Galilee, Meron Mts., Har Meron, Kamin Rom, 1100 m,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="85903CFBB1E3A6112168BB2230EB99A8" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="32.990784">32°59.447'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="A47C2E2A97D0507E7A257CBEA94AB61E" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="35.41115">035°24.669'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
(open stony grazing land, limestone), 1.IV.2008 D.W.Wrase leg. (DWBG); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Upper Galilee,
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="FAA4D644E2435A5648E7C10773BE9BEA" originalValue="Ya’ar">Ya'ar</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2EA01A28AE6AF303BE4516D2F5CF626B" originalValue="Bar’am">Bar'am</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, ca 1.5 km W Jish (Gush Khalav), ca. 700 m (edge of oak forest), 9.III.2008, D.W.Wrase leg. (DWBG); 1 ♂, N. Golan Heights, Qalat Nimrod, 300-600 m 7.IV.1985, W. Heinz leg. (DWBG); 1 ♂, Golan Heights 19.iv.1994, M. Warburg leg. (TAU); 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, Golan Heights,
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="433078EEA4C5A93DD223A5095A1A9B59" originalValue="Mas’ada">Mas'ada</normalizedToken>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F20BA6F6F79A3B6A8451AADC56916AB5" originalValue="Ya’ar">Ya'ar</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Odem Reserve, 934 m,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="1735703EC0C0B7BBA2C1B51586F4DA9D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="33.22415">33°13.449'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="2472F84509EC4446F2AA6E8A0D16AC5A" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="35.753067">035°45.184'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
(grazing woodland, oaks, litter sifted), 21.IV.2006, D.W.Wrase leg. (DWBG); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Golan Heights,
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="721D45D6B1289460D46994CE70882CD0" originalValue="Ya’ar">Ya'ar</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Odem S
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="50704BED2A075B1A6CBA1CE84A57FE7C" originalValue="Mas’ada">Mas'ada</normalizedToken>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="5A0282B259B8F57E5EF8C1FEF330D7A1" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="33.22415">33°13.449'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="09C15EAA559A1B75E39EC9F250D2640D" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="35.753067">035°45.184'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 934 m (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="83D3EA2259073ACDC2DC3C33464E8946" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus boissieri" order="Fagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="boissieri">Quercus boissieri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
/calliprinos forest, under stones), 10.III.2008, D.W.Wrase leg. (DWBG). - Haifa District: 1 ♀, Haifa ["Syrien Haifa Reitter"] (NMW); Carmel Ridge: 1 ♀, Nahal Oren, Mt. Carmel, 15.11.1995, Pavlicek & Chikatunov leg. (TAU); 3 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀, 'En
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E05FEAAF6FE7236FCCFFF45400F15C24" originalValue="Ya’aqov">Ya'aqov</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 23.iii.2006 / 8.ii.2007 / 19.iii.2007, I.
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0865EEDEE8025DD8ED659A3CC49C1DAB" originalValue="Schtirberg’">Schtirberg'</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(TAU).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="90D1F03073F2F2A7E71DF5C62E8C64D8" pageId="12" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
LEBANON:
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="25AA3CEF43496D014BED7BA8E319A8BE" originalValue="Muhāfazat">Muhafazat</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9A5E9C12F2BC8BFF16EDC2BA49AA99CF" originalValue="Bayrūt">Bayrūt</normalizedToken>
|
||||
: 2 ♀♀, Beirut ["Beyruth, Syr. coll. Plason" / "sidonicus Chd. det. Ing.
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="77D3988BE30B4FD460E89504B054100F" originalValue="Jedlička”">Jedlicka"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
] (MIZ). 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀, E
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A195A71884F835C0FD8A7D08285D7260" originalValue="Bayrūt">Bayrūt</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Faytroun, 34°.00'N,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="2C3AF833A4F768D3D4C9DAFC40D8CF5E" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="35.733334">35°44'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, ca. 1100 m, 30.X.2012, Chr. Reuter leg. (CRHG, DWBG). 14 ♂♂, 7 ♀♀, S
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="942850842E173F99B6922CE75EEEEACD" originalValue="Bayrūt">Bayrūt</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Dammour env., ca. 200 m, pitfall trap, II 2013, Chr. Reuter leg. (CRHG, DWBG, JSAG, NMNHS). - Chouf District: 1 ♀, Barouk, Mount Lebanon, El Mir massif, 1700-1950 m, 20.V.2006, T.
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2EA8F053BF04E27DB643610C5B229AA1" originalValue="Tichý">Tichy</normalizedToken>
|
||||
leg. (DWBG.). - Keserwan District: 4 ♀♀, Balloun at Jitra, S
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3D31C1AC9A41421423C548138BB9D09D" originalValue="Jounié">Jounie</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 600 m, 9./14.IV.1997, W. Heinz leg. (DWBG). 10 ♀♀, Rayfoun, ca.
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="7E0C7E2FE5F889D48D76FE890112BBDB" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="33.966667">33°58'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="ECF6412AB949AD523041ECFA93663F47" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="35.7">35°42'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, mixed decidous forest, 800-900 m, 18.XI.2012, Chr. Reuter leg. (CRHG, DWBG, JSAG, NMNHS). 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀, same data but: mixed oak forest, ca. 990 m, 15.III.2013 (CRHG, DWBG). 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same data but: 30.III.-15.IV.2013 (CRHG, DWBG).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="0A2DF3B418540FCA4418D1EE8757CAD4" pageId="12" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
SYRIA:
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="10411F309E6A03917EC5822AC1EBB5E4" originalValue="Al-Lādhiqīyah">Al-Ladhiqīyah</normalizedToken>
|
||||
: 2 ♀♀, Lattaki-Slenfe, 27.4.1990, Reuter leg. (NMW); 1 ♂,
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8E8B1102A656C872472F8D6FB49ABC3A" originalValue="Şlinfah">Slinfah</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Abal an Nusayriah Mt., 1200 m, 24.-26.V.1995, P.
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4212DBB70C2CCEECC0CBD3821B37A05B" originalValue="Kabátek">Kabatek</normalizedToken>
|
||||
leg. (DWBG); 2 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀,
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="85DC6E9C229AD3926D03A2EE11CC4414" originalValue="Jabāl">Jabal</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Ansarya, At
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="BD4B016178CC0D3E7BD17FD31569F6AC" originalValue="Tammāzah">Tammazah</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 790 m, 34.15.404N, 030.10.136E, 20.XII.2006, R. Sehnal leg. (DWBG); 1 ♀, Slenfeh, 18.4.2010, Vl.
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F2C9E66BAD750B834D03C2C390DACAB1" originalValue="Skoupý">Skoupy</normalizedToken>
|
||||
leg. (VSKC).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="78EF8A2C7F55666ECABD0B4A4C3A82D5" pageId="12" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
TURKEY: Antalya Province: 1 ♀, Alanya-Yayla, 1000 m, 13.5.1987, Steiner leg. (NMW); 1 ♀, Manavgat, Kiselot, 3.1.91, 10 m HN, Wunderle leg. (NMW); 1 ♂, Antalya env., 8.II.1999, J.
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="257EF466D1C1634A91D1FF911C21DD8F" originalValue="Blümel">Bluemel</normalizedToken>
|
||||
leg. (DWBG); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Avsallar near Incekum beach, 22 km W Alanya, 9.-23.V.1995, A.
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7D7454481974E6492339A11978702F7D" originalValue="Pütz">Puetz</normalizedToken>
|
||||
leg. (DWBG); 2 ♀♀, Incekum, env. Avsallar, under stone, II 1999, Schlarbaum leg. (TFPG); 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀, Gedevit-Yayla near Alanya, ca 1100 m, 10.IV.1992, W. Heinz leg (DWBG, JSAG); 1 ♂, Karaburu near Alanya, middle V 1997, M. Sieber leg. (DWBG); 1 ♂, Manavgat env., 3.I.1991, V. Assing leg. (DWBG); 1 ♀, E. Taurus Mts.,
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="11701A2A03F4FEA46C955667AF8F8DFE" originalValue="Çaltepe">Caltepe</normalizedToken>
|
||||
env. (Manavgat District), 1600 m,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="A999A80289D9ACEA6F5F041525611F70" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="37.18">37.18N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="72F7D760F582C12E90D1F6C4C33F894E" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="31.12">31.12E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
(subalpine), 10.-14.VI.2004, P. Croy leg. (DWBG). - Hatay Province: 1 ♀, W
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="792D08E5E61D5C0F25297D955CD35246" originalValue="Yayladaği">Yayladagi</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 475 m,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F0976903FBAEEEF323CC332F1B680FB4" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="35.908558">35°54'30.8"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="306DCFE156E99AAC1C523C24575CFE9D" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="36.019806">36°01'11.3"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 05.-10.05.2006, Schnitter leg. (PSHG).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9EA61CC71B961412A2AB119A94E730D5" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" type="wrong locality">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3F3DCB3ABF087D7FAACFD80F3F097317" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="837806B7B917F7A79A59A9D1FA14595F" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" start="start">Wrong</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
locality.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F89149F2ED4BAF2CCD98C39C008D603C" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">1 ♀, Amasya: Amasya ["Amasia coll. Kraatz"] (DWBG).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="65FCF051BC81891760D90321A2035265" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" type="male genitalia">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1986B248D0B6127AA24C20B29643403F" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Male genitalia</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="BC2D3B90C8D9D31FEF0AE93FBAF6A8F9" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">(15 specimens examined).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="44A5F832A981F052305D35ABC0BB623D" pageId="13" pageNumber="34" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="DC97756237A34CB86E349C738CB40B72" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="CD8DF32EA237923B2BCC1AA453801992" pageId="13" pageNumber="34">Turkey (only Antalya and Hatay Province), Syria (only Latakia Governorate), Lebanon (several coastal districts), North Israel (Northern District; Haifa District). First species records to Turkey and Syria.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
357
data/2B/6F/D3/2B6FD3D5229159F0A2452FD410E545D2.xml
Normal file
357
data/2B/6F/D3/2B6FD3D5229159F0A2452FD410E545D2.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
|
|||
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1108.85423" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1108-161" ID-Pensoft-UUID="F9938E78B8D257DFA2C2CD25900E2CDD" ID-ZooBank="A944AC5C952B4A05BFD81BFEC91330B2" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1108-161" checkinTime="1656145956099" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kuroda, Mai, Eguchi, Katsuyuki, Oguri, Emiko & Nguyen, Anh D." docDate="2022" docId="2B6FD3D5229159F0A2452FD410E545D2" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1108: 161-174" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1108" docPubDate="2022-06-24" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1108.85423" docTitle="Hyleoglomeris halang Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="91A73C3E-10AC-4273-9757-1996DCFBC138" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="F9938E78B8D257DFA2C2CD25900E2CDD" lastPageNumber="161" masterDocId="F9938E78B8D257DFA2C2CD25900E2CDD" masterDocTitle="Two new cave Hyleoglomeris species (Glomerida, Glomeridae) from northern Vietnam" masterLastPageNumber="174" masterPageNumber="161" pageNumber="161" updateTime="1656145956099" updateUser="pensoft">
|
||||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>Two new cave Hyleoglomeris species (Glomerida, Glomeridae) from northern Vietnam</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Kuroda, Mai</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Faculty of Education, Tokyo Gakugei University, 4 - chome- 1 - 1 Nukuikitamachi, Koganei Tokyo, 184 - 8501, Japan</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Eguchi, Katsuyuki</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1054-1295</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-osawa 1 - 1, Hachioji, Tokyo 192 - 0397, Japan & Department of International Health and Medical Anthropology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 1 - 12 - 4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852 - 8523, Japan</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Oguri, Emiko</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Faculty of Education, Tokyo Gakugei University, 4 - chome- 1 - 1 Nukuikitamachi, Koganei Tokyo, 184 - 8501, Japan</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Nguyen, Anh D.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9273-0040</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Soil Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18, Hoangquocviet Rd., Caugiay District, Hanoi, Vietnam & Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18, Hoangquocviet Rd., Caugiay District, Hanoi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">ducanh410@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number>2022-06-24</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number>1108</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start>161</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end>174</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1108.85423</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1108.85423</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1108-161</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">A944AC5C952B4A05BFD81BFEC91330B2</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">F9938E78B8D257DFA2C2CD25900E2CDD</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:91A73C3E-10AC-4273-9757-1996DCFBC138" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B6FD3D5229159F0A2452FD410E545D2" lastPageNumber="161" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="https://zoobank.org/91A73C3E-10AC-4273-9757-1996DCFBC138" authority="Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi" authorityName="Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi" authorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Glomeridae" genus="Hyleoglomeris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyleoglomeris halang" order="Glomerida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halang" status="sp. nov.">Hyleoglomeris halang Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="161">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A Hyleoglomeris halang Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi, sp. nov. B Nguom Hang cave, entrance zone. Images not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1108.85423.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/705323" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Figs 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Hyleoglomeris halang Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi, sp. nov., holotype A whole body, lateral view, B dorsal view C collum, anterior view D ocelli, sub-anterior view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1108.85423.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/705324" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">, 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Hyleoglomeris halang Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi, sp. nov., holotype A right antenna B hyposchism C pygidium, posterior view D leg-pair 17." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1108.85423.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/705325" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">, 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Hyleoglomeris halang Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi, sp. nov., holotype A telopods, anterior view B telopods, posterior view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1108.85423.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/705326" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">, 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Hyleoglomeris halang Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi, sp. nov., holotype A leg-pair 17 B syncoxital lobe and syncoxital horns, posterior view C left telopod, posterior view D left telopod, anterior view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: syl = syncoxital lobe, syh = syncoxital horn, pref = prefemur, fe = femur, pret = prefemoral trichostele, fet = femoral trichostele, dpf = distomesal process of femur, ti = tibia, dpt = distolateral process of tibia, ta = tarsus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1108.85423.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/705327" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">, 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-10-10" collectorName="AD Nguyen, Nguyen, VD, VT Mai" country="Vietnam" county="Ha Lang District" latitude="22.7208" location="Quang Hoai village" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="106.6692" municipality="Duc Quang" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cao Bang Province" typeStatus="Holotype">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||||
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<collectingCountry name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||||
: male,
|
||||
<collectingRegion country="Vietnam" name="Cao Bang">Cao Bang Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty>Ha Lang District</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality>Duc Quang</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
commune,
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B6FD3D5229159F0A2452FD410E545D2:AFAABA1DB4B7FB734C32CC018E8508AB" country="Vietnam" county="Ha Lang District" latitude="22.7208" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="106.6692" municipality="Duc Quang" name="Quang Hoai village" stateProvince="Cao Bang Province">Quang Hoai village</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B6FD3D5229159F0A2452FD410E545D2:D08FFCDA90EF8AD08B44E92C23BB2775" country="Vietnam" county="Ha Lang District" latitude="22.7208" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="106.6692" municipality="Duc Quang" name="Nguom Hang cave" stateProvince="Cao Bang Province">Nguom Hang cave</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.7208" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="22.7208">22.7208N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="106.6692" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="106.6692">106.6692E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingDate value="2020-10-10">10 Oct 2020</collectingDate>
|
||||
, coll.
|
||||
<collectorName>
|
||||
AD
|
||||
<collectorName>Nguyen, VD</collectorName>
|
||||
</collectorName>
|
||||
Dang &
|
||||
<collectorName>VT Mai</collectorName>
|
||||
(IEBR-Myr 898H)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-10-10" collectorName="AD Nguyen, Nguyen, VD, VT Mai" country="Vietnam" county="Ha Lang District" latitude="22.7208" location="Quang Hoai village" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="106.6692" municipality="Duc Quang" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Cao Bang Province" typeStatus="Paratypes">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||||
<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<collectingCountry name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<specimenCount type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCount type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<collectingRegion country="Vietnam" name="Cao Bang">Cao Bang Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty>Ha Lang District</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality>Duc Quang</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
commune,
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B6FD3D5229159F0A2452FD410E545D2:BB8ACA920289F24FA222A871528BF7B6" country="Vietnam" county="Ha Lang District" latitude="22.7208" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="106.6692" municipality="Duc Quang" name="Quang Hoai village" stateProvince="Cao Bang Province">Quang Hoai village</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B6FD3D5229159F0A2452FD410E545D2:C214E4B2F4EE9A4F3C4829AFC84DBE91" country="Vietnam" county="Ha Lang District" latitude="22.7208" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="106.6692" municipality="Duc Quang" name="Nguom Hang cave" stateProvince="Cao Bang Province">Nguom Hang cave</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.7208" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="22.7208">22.7208N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="106.6692" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="106.6692">106.6692E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingDate value="2020-10-10">10 Oct 2020</collectingDate>
|
||||
, coll.
|
||||
<collectorName>
|
||||
AD
|
||||
<collectorName>Nguyen, VD</collectorName>
|
||||
</collectorName>
|
||||
Dang &
|
||||
<collectorName>VT Mai</collectorName>
|
||||
(IEBR-Myr 898P)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-03-15" collectorName="AD Nguyen, DD Nguyen" country="Vietnam" county="Ha Lang District" latitude="22.7208" location="Quang Hoai village" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="106.6692" municipality="Duc Quang" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Cao Bang Province" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<specimenCount type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCount type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<collectingRegion country="Vietnam" name="Cao Bang">Cao Bang Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty>Ha Lang District</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality>Duc Quang</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
commune,
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B6FD3D5229159F0A2452FD410E545D2:71C4D656A81ED29ED5B35DF56E6CB6F2" country="Vietnam" county="Ha Lang District" latitude="22.7208" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="106.6692" municipality="Duc Quang" name="Quang Hoai village" stateProvince="Cao Bang Province">Quang Hoai village</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B6FD3D5229159F0A2452FD410E545D2:519402EEAF50248CDF01EE37DD283371" country="Vietnam" county="Ha Lang District" latitude="22.7208" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="106.6692" municipality="Duc Quang" name="Nguom Hang cave" stateProvince="Cao Bang Province">Nguom Hang cave</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.7208" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="22.7208">22.7208N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="106.6692" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="106.6692">106.6692E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingDate value="2022-03-15">15 March 2022</collectingDate>
|
||||
, coll.
|
||||
<collectorName>AD Nguyen</collectorName>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<collectorName>DD Nguyen</collectorName>
|
||||
(IEBR-Myr 926)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||||
The species differs from its congeners in having a distinct body color pattern of white with oval-black spots on terga 4 and 5 and tadpole-shaped black bands on the thoracic shield and terga 6-9; telopods with a large, square/rectangular, slightly concave medially, sparsely setose, central syncoxital lobe; and syncoxital horns ~ 1.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
as long as the lobe.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||||
The new species can be keyed out at the 26th node in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Golovatch, SI" journalOrPublisher="Zoosystema" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="887 - 915" refId="B5" refString="Golovatch, SI, Geoffroy, JJ, Mauries, JP, 2006. Review of the millipede genus Hyleoglomeris Verhoeff, 1910 (Diplopoda, Glomerida, Glomeridae), with descriptions of new species from caves in Southeast Asia. Zoosystema 28 (4): 887 - 915" title="Review of the millipede genus Hyleoglomeris Verhoeff, 1910 (Diplopoda, Glomerida, Glomeridae), with descriptions of new species from caves in Southeast Asia." volume="28" year="2006">Golovatch et al. (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, characterized by a thoracic shield and pygidium that are entirely or mainly light and whitish to brown, as well as spots or markings, when present, that is darker than the background. Thus, this species can be grouped with
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1938" class="Diplopoda" family="Glomeridae" genus="Hyleoglomeris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyleoglomeris triangulifera" order="Glomerida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangulifera">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Hyleoglomeris triangulifera</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Attems, 1938 and
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Silvestri" baseAuthorityYear="1917" class="Diplopoda" family="Glomeridae" genus="Hyleoglomeris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyleoglomeris siamensis" order="Glomerida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siamensis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Hyleoglomeris siamensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Silvestri, 1917). However, its smaller size distinguishes it from both species (3.5 mm wide vs. 6.5 mm and 5.0 mm wide).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1108.85423.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/705323" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Figure 1.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi" authorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Glomeridae" genus="Hyleoglomeris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyleoglomeris halang" order="Glomerida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halang">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Hyleoglomeris halang</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi, sp. nov.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">B</emphasis>
|
||||
Nguom Hang cave, entrance zone. Images not to scale.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">The new species is named after the Ha Lang District where the types were found. Noun in apposition.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||||
Body length 6 mm, width of the second segment ca. 3.5 mm. Coloration shown as in Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Hyleoglomeris halang Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi, sp. nov., holotype A whole body, lateral view, B dorsal view C collum, anterior view D ocelli, sub-anterior view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1108.85423.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/705324" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">2</figureCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Hyleoglomeris halang Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi, sp. nov., holotype A right antenna B hyposchism C pygidium, posterior view D leg-pair 17." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1108.85423.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/705325" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">3</figureCitation>
|
||||
. Generally white with a line of symmetrical, marbled, black, oval spots at terga 4 and 5, tadpole-shaped black bands on thoracic shield and terga 6-9. Anal shield white, with two laterally symmetrical triangular black spots.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1108.85423.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/705324" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi" authorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Glomeridae" genus="Hyleoglomeris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyleoglomeris halang" order="Glomerida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halang">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Hyleoglomeris halang</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi, sp. nov., holotype
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A</emphasis>
|
||||
whole body, lateral view,
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">B</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal view
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">C</emphasis>
|
||||
collum, anterior view
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">D</emphasis>
|
||||
ocelli, sub-anterior view.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1108.85423.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/705325" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi" authorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Glomeridae" genus="Hyleoglomeris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyleoglomeris halang" order="Glomerida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halang">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Hyleoglomeris halang</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi, sp. nov., holotype
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A</emphasis>
|
||||
right antenna
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">B</emphasis>
|
||||
hyposchism
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">C</emphasis>
|
||||
pygidium, posterior view
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">D</emphasis>
|
||||
leg-pair 17.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Head</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Ocelli 6+1; lenses convex, black contrasting against to a pale blackish background of the head.
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tömösváry’s">Toemoesvary's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
organs transverse and strongly horseshoe-shaped, ~ 2
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
as wide and long. Antennae clavate apically; antennomere 6 large, ~ 2.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
longer than wide; antennal tip with four large, apical sensory cones.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Collum semi-circular, with a very large marbled white spot in the center and two transverse striae; the other parts of the collum pale black. The thoracic shield has a narrow hyposchism, not reaching the caudal margin, with 12 superficial transverse striae, eight of which cross the dorsum.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||||
Leg-pair 17 strongly reduced, 4-segmented with a high, regularly rounded, outer coxal lobe (Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Hyleoglomeris halang Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi, sp. nov., holotype A right antenna B hyposchism C pygidium, posterior view D leg-pair 17." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1108.85423.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/705325" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">3D</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Hyleoglomeris halang Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi, sp. nov., holotype A leg-pair 17 B syncoxital lobe and syncoxital horns, posterior view C left telopod, posterior view D left telopod, anterior view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: syl = syncoxital lobe, syh = syncoxital horn, pref = prefemur, fe = femur, pret = prefemoral trichostele, fet = femoral trichostele, dpf = distomesal process of femur, ti = tibia, dpt = distolateral process of tibia, ta = tarsus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1108.85423.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/705327" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">5A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Leg-pair 18 also reduced, but more developed in comparison with leg-pair 17, 4-segmented with a simple V-shaped syncoxital notch.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||||
Telopods (Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Hyleoglomeris halang Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi, sp. nov., holotype A telopods, anterior view B telopods, posterior view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1108.85423.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/705326" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Hyleoglomeris halang Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi, sp. nov., holotype A leg-pair 17 B syncoxital lobe and syncoxital horns, posterior view C left telopod, posterior view D left telopod, anterior view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: syl = syncoxital lobe, syh = syncoxital horn, pref = prefemur, fe = femur, pret = prefemoral trichostele, fet = femoral trichostele, dpf = distomesal process of femur, ti = tibia, dpt = distolateral process of tibia, ta = tarsus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1108.85423.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/705327" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">5B-D</figureCitation>
|
||||
) with a large, quadrate, slightly concave medially, sparsely setose, central syncoxital lobe (syl) accompanying two setiferous horns (syh), each directed subventrad, 1.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
longer than the syncoxital lobe, tip crowned with an apical setoid. Prefemur (pre) and femur (fe) with long trichosteles (pret and fet), prefemoral one (pret) longer than femoral one (fet). Prefemur without additional processes. Distomesal process of femur (dpf) large, long, straight, lamelliform; distal part tuberculiform and strongly curved down, directed laterodorsad. Tibia (ti) with a shorter triangular distolateral process (dpt). Tarsus (ta) slightly sigmoid anteriomesad, subacuminate apically with a seta distoventrally.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1108.85423.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/705326" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi" authorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Glomeridae" genus="Hyleoglomeris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyleoglomeris halang" order="Glomerida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halang">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Hyleoglomeris halang</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi, sp. nov., holotype
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A</emphasis>
|
||||
telopods, anterior view
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">B</emphasis>
|
||||
telopods, posterior view.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1108.85423.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/705327" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi" authorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Glomeridae" genus="Hyleoglomeris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyleoglomeris halang" order="Glomerida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halang">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Hyleoglomeris halang</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi, sp. nov., holotype
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A</emphasis>
|
||||
leg-pair 17
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">B</emphasis>
|
||||
syncoxital lobe and syncoxital horns, posterior view
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">C</emphasis>
|
||||
left telopod, posterior view
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">D</emphasis>
|
||||
left telopod, anterior view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: syl = syncoxital lobe, syh = syncoxital horn, pref = prefemur, fe = femur, pret = prefemoral trichostele, fet = femoral trichostele, dpf = distomesal process of femur, ti = tibia, dpt = distolateral process of tibia, ta = tarsus.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="variability">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Variability.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||||
Syncoxital horns can be 2.0
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
longer than the syncoxital lobe, each horn directed ventromesad. Two trichosteles are almost of the same in length.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="dna barcode">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">DNA barcode.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||||
The COI barcode data (679 bp fragment of the COI) for the paratype was uploaded to GenBank under the accession numbers ON704753 and ON704754. The new species shares 86.98% and 85.89% of its identity with
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Nguyen, Sierwald & Marek" authorityYear="2019" class="Diplopoda" family="Glomeridae" genus="Hyleoglomeris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyleoglomeris lobus" order="Glomerida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Hyleoglomeris lobus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Nguyen, Sierwald & Marek, 2019 (MT749402) and
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Nguyen, Eguchi & Hwang" authorityYear="2019" class="Diplopoda" family="Glomeridae" genus="Hyleoglomeris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyleoglomeris hoanglien" order="Glomerida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoanglien">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Hyleoglomeris hoanglien</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Nguyen, Eguchi & Hwang, 2019 (MH248038), respectively.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||||
This species is not a true cave inhabitant. However, it was discovered in the cave entrance (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A Hyleoglomeris halang Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi, sp. nov. B Nguom Hang cave, entrance zone. Images not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1108.85423.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/705323" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">1</figureCitation>
|
||||
), and its body is less pigmented with large white areas, suggesting that this species is adapting to a cave-dwelling life.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
96
data/2B/6F/DE/2B6FDE46513FE8C733CB70FAF4D1E435.xml
Normal file
96
data/2B/6F/DE/2B6FDE46513FE8C733CB70FAF4D1E435.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
|
|||
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||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
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|
||||
<mods:namePart>Oliva, Adriana</mods:namePart>
|
||||
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|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
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|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
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|
||||
<mods:namePart>Short, Andrew E. Z.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
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||||
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||||
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|
||||
<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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||||
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||||
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|
||||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.206.2587</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-206-1</mods:identifier>
|
||||
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||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152036293" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B6FDE46513FE8C733CB70FAF4D1E435" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B6FDE46513FE8C733CB70FAF4D1E435" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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||||
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|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Berosus_pallipes" authority="Brulle, 1841" authorityName="Brulle" authorityYear="1841" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Berosus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Berosus pallipes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallipes">
|
||||
Berosus pallipes
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 1841
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Berosus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Berosus pallipes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallipes">Berosus pallipes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 1841: 59.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Berosus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Berosus pallipes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallipes">Berosus pallipes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Oliva, A" journalOrPublisher="Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales, Entomologia" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="57 - 236" title="El genero Berosus (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) en America del Sur." volume="6" year="1989">Oliva (1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 143).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Berosus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Berosus engelharti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="engelharti">Berosus engelharti</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Jensen-Haarup, 1906: 50. Synonymized by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Knisch (1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 272).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Berosus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Berosus licayensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="licayensis">Berosus licayensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Moroni, 1970: 3. Synonymized by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Moroni, J" journalOrPublisher="Revista chilena de Entomologia" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="169 - 175" title="Addenda y corrigenda al elenco sistematico, sinonimico, y distribucion de coleopteros acuaticos chilenos." volume="12" year="1985">Moroni (1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 169).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">None.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Uruguay, Venezuela (Barinas).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
Originally described from
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Argentinidae" genus="Argentina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Argentina" order="Osmeriformes" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Argentina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, it was recorded from Venezuela (Barinas: Santa Barbara) by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Oliva, A" journalOrPublisher="Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales, Entomologia" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="57 - 236" title="El genero Berosus (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) en America del Sur." volume="6" year="1989">Oliva (1989)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
216
data/2B/6F/F1/2B6FF1722623844E1C974A0EE22DA2E6.xml
Normal file
216
data/2B/6F/F1/2B6FF1722623844E1C974A0EE22DA2E6.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
|
|||
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|
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<mods:namePart>Rodriguez, Josephine J.</mods:namePart>
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|
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|
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|
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<mods:namePart>Smith, M. Alex</mods:namePart>
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<mods:namePart>Hajibabaei, Mehrdad</mods:namePart>
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|
||||
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|
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<mods:name type="personal">
|
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<mods:role>
|
||||
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|
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|
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<mods:namePart>Solis, M. Alma</mods:namePart>
|
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|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
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<mods:role>
|
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
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|
||||
<mods:namePart>Brown, John</mods:namePart>
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|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
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<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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|
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<mods:namePart>Cardinal, Sophie</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
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</mods:role>
|
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<mods:namePart>Goulet, Henri</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Hebert, Paul D. N.</mods:namePart>
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
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|
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|
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|
||||
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|
||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152051351" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4F7FC2BF-5838-4FA0-85F0-D8F2A5AD7075" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B6FF1722623844E1C974A0EE22DA2E6" lastPageId="141" lastPageNumber="142" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="140" pageNumber="141" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/4F7FC2BF-5838-4FA0-85F0-D8F2A5AD7075" authority="Fernandez-Triana" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Apanteles freddyquesadai" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freddyquesadai">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="140" pageNumber="141" start="start">Apanteles</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
freddyquesadai
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández-Triana">Fernandez-Triana</normalizedToken>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="140" pageNumber="141">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
Figs 56, 249
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="140" pageNumber="141" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Apanteles" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Apanteles</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Rodriguez46 (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Smith, MA" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences" pageId="305" pageNumber="306" pagination="3657 - 3662" title="DNA barcodes reveal cryptic host-specificity within the presumed polyphagous members of a genus of parasitoid flies (Diptera: Tachinidae)." url="10.1073/pnas.0511318103" volume="103" year="2006">Smith et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Interim name provided by the authors.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="140" pageNumber="141" type="type locality">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="140" pageNumber="141">COSTA RICA, Guanacaste, ACG, Sector El Hacha, Sendero Potrero, 290m, 11.02842, -85.52779.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="140" pageNumber="141" type="holotype">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Holotype.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
|
||||
♀ in CNC. Specimen labels: 1. COSTA RICA, Guanacaste, ACG, El Hacha,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Estación">Estacion</normalizedToken>
|
||||
los Almendros, 07/02/2000, Lucia Rios. 2. 00-SRNP-3040, Atarnes sallei on Annona reticulata. 3. DHJPAR0012472.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="140" pageNumber="141" type="paratypes">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Paratypes.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="140" pageNumber="141">7 ♀, 5 ♂ (BMNH, CNC, INBIO, NMNH). COSTA RICA, ACG database codes: DHJPAR0002316, DHJPAR0002328, DHJPAR0002337, DHJPAR0002910, DHJPAR0002913, DHJPAR0002916, DHJPAR0002921, DHJPAR0004059, DHJPAR0004086, DHJPAR0005276, DHJPAR0011975, DHJPAR0034223.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="141" lastPageNumber="142" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="141" lastPageNumber="142" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
|
||||
Female. Body color: body mostly dark except for some sternites which may be pale. Antenna color: scape, pedicel, and flagellum dark. Coxae color (pro-, meso-, metacoxa): pale, pale, dark. Femora color (pro-, meso-, metafemur): pale, pale, pale. Tibiae color (pro-, meso-, metatibia): pale, pale, pale. Tegula and humeral complex color: both pale. Pterostigma color: mostly pale and/or transparent, with thin dark borders. Fore wing veins color: partially pigmented (a few veins may be dark but most are pale). Antenna length/body length: antenna about as long as body (head to apex of metasoma); if slightly shorter, at least extending beyond anterior 0.7 metasoma length. Body in lateral view: not distinctly flattened
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="dorso–ventrally">dorso-ventrally</normalizedToken>
|
||||
. Body length (head to apex of metasoma): 2.9-3.0 mm or 3.1-3.2 mm. Fore wing length: 3.1-3.2 mm, 3.3-3.4 mm, rarely 3.5-3.6 mm.
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ocular–ocellar">Ocular-ocellar</normalizedToken>
|
||||
line/posterior ocellus diameter: 2.0-2.2. Interocellar distance/posterior ocellus diameter: 1.7-1.9. Antennal flagellomerus 2 length/width: 2.9-3.1. Antennal flagellomerus 14 length/width: 1.4-1.6. Length of flagellomerus 2/length of flagellomerus 14: 2.0-2.2. Tarsal claws: with single basal
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="spine–like">spine-like</normalizedToken>
|
||||
seta. Metafemur length/width: 3.0-3.1. Metatibia inner spur length/metabasitarsus length: 0.6-0.7. Anteromesoscutum: mostly with deep, dense punctures (separated by less than 2.0
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
its maximum diameter). Mesoscutellar disc: with punctures near margins, central part mostly smooth. Number of pits in scutoscutellar sulcus: 7 or 8. Maximum height of mesoscutellum lunules/maximum height of lateral face of mesoscutellum: 0.6-0.7. Propodeum areola: completely defined by carinae, including transverse carina extending to spiracle. Propodeum background sculpture: mostly sculptured. Mediotergite 1 length/width at posterior margin: 3.5-3.7, 3.8-4.0, rarely 4.1 or more. Mediotergite 1 shape: mostly
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="parallel–sided">parallel-sided</normalizedToken>
|
||||
for 0.5-0.7 of its length, then narrowing posteriorly so mediotergite anterior width>1.1
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
posterior width. Mediotergite 1 sculpture: with some sculpture near lateral margins
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="141" pageNumber="142" start="start">and</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
/or posterior 0.2-0.4 of mediotergite. Mediotergite 2 width at posterior margin/length: 4.4-4.7. Mediotergite 2 sculpture: mostly smooth. Outer margin of hypopygium: inflexible (without a folded, transparent,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="semi–desclerotized">semi-desclerotized</normalizedToken>
|
||||
area); with no pleats visible. Ovipositor thickness: anterior width 3.0-5.0
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
posterior width (beyond ovipositor constriction). Ovipositor sheaths length/metatibial length: 0.4-0.5. Length of fore wing veins r/2RS: 2.3 or more. Length of fore wing veins 2RS/2M: 1.1-1.3. Length of fore wing veins 2M/(RS+M)b: 0.5-0.6. Pterostigma length/width: 3.1-3.5. Point of insertion of vein r in pterostigma: clearly beyond half way point length of pterostigma. Angle of vein r with fore wing anterior margin: clearly outwards, inclined towards fore wing apex. Shape of junction of veins r and 2RS in fore wing: distinctly but not strongly angled.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Male. Similar to female.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="141" pageNumber="142" type="molecular data">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Molecular data.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Sequences in BOLD: 14, barcode compliant sequences: 9.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="141" pageNumber="142" type="biology/ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Biology/ecology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
|
||||
Solitary (Fig. 249). Host:
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Hesperiidae" lsidName="" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" rank="family">Hesperiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Sostrata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sostrata bifasciata subsp. nordica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="bifasciata" subSpecies="nordica">Sostrata bifasciata nordica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Gorgythion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gorgythion begga subsp. pyralina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="begga" subSpecies="pyralina">Gorgythion begga pyralina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="141" pageNumber="142" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Costa Rica, ACG.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="141" pageNumber="142" type="comments">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Comments.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
|
||||
The barcode sequences of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Apanteles freddyquesadai" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freddyquesadai">Apanteles freddyquesadai</taxonomicName>
|
||||
only differ from those of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Apanteles luciariosae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luciariosae">Apanteles luciariosae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by 1.3% (~ 8bp), but there are clear diagnostic characters for each species in the barcoding region. In addition to molecular and slight morphological differences,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Apanteles freddyquesadai" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freddyquesadai">Apanteles freddyquesadai</taxonomicName>
|
||||
seems to be an ecologist generalist, having been found in dry forest, mix of dry and rainforests and deep rainforests, while
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Apanteles luciariosae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luciariosae">Apanteles luciariosae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is an ecological specialist, only found on a small piece of deep rainforest (i.e., many kilometres into the rain forest, far from the dry forest and dry-rain forest interface).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="141" pageNumber="142" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
|
||||
We dedicate this species to Freddy Quesada in recognition of his diligent efforts for the ACG Programa de
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Parataxónomos">Parataxonomos</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Estación">Estacion</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Biológica">Biologica</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Pitilla of ACG.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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