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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1127.85737" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1127-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="D72971CE12A85992AFFD69F186474E85" ID-ZooBank="4759AFC32EFD47A7853F645FB32829BA" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1127-1" checkinTime="1667414686597" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Ramahandrison, Andriamirado Tahina, Rakouth, Bakolimalala & Manuel, Michael" docDate="2022" docId="2B4F30956035530D882599A222775A7E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1127: 1-60" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1127" docPubDate="2022-11-02" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1127.85737" docTitle="Clypeodytes concivis Guignot 1955" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="D72971CE12A85992AFFD69F186474E85" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="D72971CE12A85992AFFD69F186474E85" masterDocTitle="The aquatic Adephaga of the Makay, central-western Madagascar, with description of two new diving beetle species (Coleoptera, Gyrinidae, Haliplidae, Noteridae, Dytiscidae)" masterLastPageNumber="60" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1667414686597" updateUser="pensoft">
|
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:title>The aquatic Adephaga of the Makay, central-western Madagascar, with description of two new diving beetle species (Coleoptera, Gyrinidae, Haliplidae, Noteridae, Dytiscidae)</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Ramahandrison, Andriamirado Tahina</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0833-8730</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Departement de Biologie et Ecologie Vegetales, Faculte des Sciences, BP 906, Universite d'Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar & Sorbonne Universite, Institut de Systematique, Evolution, Biodiversite (UMR 7205), MNHN SU CNRS EPHE UA, Case 05, 7 quai St Bernard, Paris, France</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Rakouth, Bakolimalala</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5710-2006</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Departement de Biologie et Ecologie Vegetales, Faculte des Sciences, BP 906, Universite d'Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Manuel, Michael</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Sorbonne Universite, Institut de Systematique, Evolution, Biodiversite (UMR 7205), MNHN SU CNRS EPHE UA, Case 05, 7 quai St Bernard, Paris, France</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">manuel1570@yahoo.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number>2022-11-02</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number>1127</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
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<mods:end>60</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1127.85737</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1127-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F30956035530D882599A222775A7E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B4F30956035530D882599A222775A7E" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="2B4F3095-6035-530D-8825-99A222775A7E" authority="Guignot, 1955" authorityName="Guignot" authorityYear="1955" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Clypeodytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Clypeodytes concivis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concivis">Clypeodytes concivis Guignot, 1955</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Madagascar, Iharanandriana mountain.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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||||
<specimenCount type="male">3 ♂♂</specimenCount>
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||||
,
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<specimenCount type="female">3 ♀♀</specimenCount>
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||||
: MAK-2;
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<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
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: MAK-61.
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||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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||||
Madagascar, widespread (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3406/linly.1956.7820" author="Guignot, F" journalOrPublisher="Le Naturaliste Malgache" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="139 - 144" refId="B37" refString="Guignot, F, 1955b. Nouveaux dytiscides de Madagascar. Le Naturaliste Malgache 7 (2): 139 - 144, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3406/linly.1956.7820" title="Nouveaux dytiscides de Madagascar." url="https://doi.org/10.3406/linly.1956.7820" volume="7" year="1955 b">Guignot 1955b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631289X00159" author="Bistroem, O" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="199 - 238" refId="B17" refString="Bistroem, O, 1988a. Revision of the genus Clypeodytes Regimbart in Africa (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae). Entomologica Scandinavica 19 (2): 199 - 238, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/187631289X00159" title="Revision of the genus Clypeodytes Regimbart in Africa (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631289X00159" volume="19" year="1988 a">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Biström">Bistroem</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1988a
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat in study area</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
(Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Representative habitats of aquatic Adephaga in Makay. Sites located in the peripheral area: A large shallow puddle on the sandy bank of the Mangoky River in Beroroa (MAK- 1 C), habitat of Pachynectes costulifer, Yola costipennis B, C shallow, slowly flowing stream in semi-open area, with sandy bottom and high density of green algae (MAK- 2), habitat of Bidessus longistriga, B. perexiguus, Canthydrus concolor, C. flavosignatus, C. guttula, Clypeodytes concivis, C. sp. Ma 3, Cybister cinctus, Hydaticus servillianus, Hydroglyphus geminodes, Hydrovatus acuminatus, H. capnius, H. cruentatus, H. dentatus, H. otiosus, H. parvulus, H. pictulus, H. testudinarius, H. sp. Ma 7, Laccophilus addendus, L. flaveolus, L. pallescens, L. posticus, L. rivulosus, L. seyrigi, Methles sp. Ma 5, Neohydrocoptus seriatus, Pachynectes sp. Ma 1, Philaccolus elongatus, Pseuduvarus sp. Ma 1, Rhantaticus congestus, Uvarus rivulorum. Sites located in inner Makay: D puddle (on the right) on the sandy bank of the Andranomanintsy River (left half of the picture) (MAK- 3), habitat of Copelatus ruficapillus, Hydrovatus acuminatus, Hyphydrus separandus, Laccophilus makay, L. posticus, Madaglymbus fairmairei, Pachynectes sp. Ma 1 E spring on the bank of the Andranomanintsy River (MAK- 4), habitat of Copelatus ruficapillus, Hydroglyphus capitatus, H. geminodes, Hyphydrus separandus, Laccophilus makay, L. posticus, Pachynectes sp. Ma 1 F deep pond above natural dam in the bottom of a canyon (MAK- 5 A), habitat of Africophilus nesiotes, Hyphydrus separandus, L. addendus, Laccophilus insularum, L. makay, Neptosternus oblongus, Pachynectes sp. Ma 1, P. sp. Ma 4 G edge of small shallow stream, in the bottom of a deep strongly embanked canyon, with orange deposit of iron bacteria (MAK- 6), habitat of Copelatus acamas and Laccophilus makay H vertical rock wall with water film and crust of bryophytes and algae, in the bottom of a deep canyon (MAK- 9), habitat of Africophilus bartolozzii I large quiet and shaded pool in forest, along streamlet, with masses of tree roots and bottom of sand, gravel and stones (MAK- 8), habitat of Africophilus bartolozzii, A. nesiotes, Copelatus ruficapillus, Hydaticus sobrinus, Hyphydrus separandus, Laccophilus makay, Pachynectes sp. Ma 1 J (context) K (close-up) Puddle with orange masses of iron bacteria, in stream bed, in the bottom of a deep strongly embanked canyon (MAK- 7), habitat of Copelatus acamas, C. ruficapillus, Laccophilus makay L (context) M (close-up) Small pool with clay-sandy bottom and plant debris, in a small canyon, in gallery forest (MAK- 10), habitat of Copelatus ruficapillus, Hyphydrus separandus, Laccophilus makay, Madaglymbus fairmairei N small shaded pool, with orange masses of iron bacteria, in gallery forest against the wall of a canyon (MAK- 14 A), habitat of Africophilus nesiotes, Copelatus acamas, Hydaticus dorsiger, Hyphydrus separandus, Laccophilus makay, Pachynectes sp. Ma 1, P. sp. Ma 4 O small muddy pond, with sparse vegetation, in open area on the sandy banks of the Menapanda River (MAK- 11 A), habitat of Canthydrus guttula, Copelatus polystrigus, Hydaticus dorsiger, Laccophilus addendus, L. posticus, Neohydrocoptus seriatus P puddle with turbid water and without vegetation, in open area on the sandy banks of the Menapanda River (MAK- 11 - B), habitat of Copelatus polystrigus, C. ruficapillus, Eretes griseus, Hydaticus dorsiger, H. exclamationis, Hyphydrus separandus, Laccophilus addendus, L. posticus, Madaglymbus fairmairei." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.85737.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/764728" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2B, C</figureCitation>
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||||
).
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||||
</emphasis>
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||||
This species was collected at two peripheral sites, a very slowly flowing and shallow stream, and a shallow stagnant pond, both in open environments. The mineral substratum was a mixture of sand and clay in the first case, and of clay and mud in the second case, with moderate amount of plant debris. The water was clear and there was a marginal vegetation of helophytes; at site MAK-2 with abundant filamentous green algae. At both sites, the biotope was trampled and enriched in nutrients by cattle.
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||||
</paragraph>
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||||
</subSubSection>
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||||
</treatment>
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||||
</document>
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||||
221
data/2B/4F/5B/2B4F5BD6B42A0F1AA0D221DA06E9BD23.xml
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<mods:title>Revision of the Ceratocapsine Renodaeus group: Marinonicoris, Pilophoropsis, Renodaeus, and Zanchisme, with descriptions of four new genera (Heteroptera, Miridae, Orthotylinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Henry, Thomas J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:part>
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||||
<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
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<mods:number>490</mods:number>
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|
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<mods:extent unit="page">
|
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">C1CD90CAB36F4197A9C60FAEF09EBD4A</mods:identifier>
|
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152058938" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F5BD6B42A0F1AA0D221DA06E9BD23" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B4F5BD6B42A0F1AA0D221DA06E9BD23" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="multiple">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Taxon classification Animalia Hemiptera Miridae</paragraph>
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||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Knight" genus="Pilophoropsidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pilophoropsidea camela" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" rank="species" species="camela">Pilophoropsidea camela (Knight)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="45" pageNumber="46">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 51-54, 107, 108-115, 116-119, 217-219
|
||||
</paragraph>
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||||
</subSubSection>
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||||
<subSubSection pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Ceratocapsus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ceratocapsus camelus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="camelus">
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||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="46" pageNumber="47" start="start">Ceratocapsus</pageBreakToken>
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||||
camelus
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||||
</taxonomicName>
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||||
Knight, 1930: 187 (orig. descrip.);
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<bibRefCitation author="Knight, HH" journalOrPublisher="Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" pagination="1 - 234" title="The plant bugs, or Miridae, of Illinois." volume="22" year="1941">Knight 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 114 (descrip., key, genitalia);
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Froeschner, RC" journalOrPublisher="American Midland Naturalist" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" pagination="123 - 188" title="Contributions to a synopsis of the Hemiptera of Missouri. Part IV. Hebridae, Mesoveliidae, Cimicidae, Anthocoridae, Cryptostemmatidae, Isometopidae, Miridae." url="10.2307/2421794" volume="42" year="1949">Froeschner 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 172 (note, key);
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Carvalho, JCM" journalOrPublisher="Orthotylinae" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="1 - 161" title="Catalogue of the Miridae of the World. Arquivos Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro. Part III." volume="47" year="1958">Carvalho 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 44 (cat.);
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Akingbohungbe et al. 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 9 (note);
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Henry, TJ" editor="Henry, TJ" journalOrPublisher="Brill EJ, Leiden and New York" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" pagination="251 - 507" title="Family Miridae Hahn, 1833." volumeTitle="Catalog of the Heteroptera, or True Bugs, of Canada and the Continental United States" year="1988">Henry and Wheeler 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 393 (cat.);
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Schuh, RT" journalOrPublisher="New York Entomological Society, New York" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" title="Plant Bugs of the World (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae). Systematic catalog, distributions, host list, and bibliography." year="1995">Schuh 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 91 (cat.);
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Henry, TJ" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the New York Entomological Society" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" pagination="25 - 76" title="An annotated list of the plant bugs, or Miridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), of Kentucky." url="10.1664/0028-7199(2005)113[0024:AALOTP]2.0.CO;2" volume="113" year="2005">Henry et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 52 (list).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="46" pageNumber="47">This species (Figs 51-54) is recognized by the brown to reddishbrown coloration, usually with the anterior half of the hemelytron paler than the posterior half; the smooth, polished pronotum; the uniformly white ostiolar auricle, lacking a red knob; and the male genitalia, particularly the right paramere (Fig. 219) forming a stout C-shaped structure and the phallotheca (Fig. 218) with a long, slender, recurving, apical process.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Male (n = 10; holotype measurements in parentheses): Length 3.60-3.96 mm (3.78 mm), width 1.16-1.18 mm (1.06 mm). Head: Width 0.76-0.78 mm (0.72 mm), interocular width 0.36-0.40 mm (0.37 mm). Labium: Length 1.36-1.42 mm (1.37 mm). Antenna: Segment I, length 0.24-0.26 mm (0.24 mm); II, 0.75-0.78 mm (0.75 mm); III, 0.44-0.48 mm (0.46 mm); IV, 0.44-0.46 mm (0.45 mm). Pronotum: Length 0.78-0.84 mm (0.80 mm), basal width 1.08-1.12 mm (1.10 mm).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="47" pageNumber="48" start="start">Coloration</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
: Head: Brown. Antenna: Segment I, pale brown; segment II, dark brown, paler on basal half; segments III and IV dark brown to fuscous. Pronotum: Shiny dark brown, paler anteriorly; scutellum brown, paler along margins. Hemelytron: Uniformly polished, dark brown, paler brown on clavus and basal l/2 of corium; membrane smoky black beyond apex of cuneus, pale across and between areoles. Ventral surface: Shiny brown, abdomen becoming dark brown or black. Ostiolar evaporative area: Uniformly white. Legs: Coxae pale brown, apex of procoxa sometimes reddish, base of middle coxa sometimes infuscated; femora dark brown, hind femur pale at extreme apices; tibiae brown, becoming paler on apical halves; tarsi and claws pale.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Structure, texture, and vestiture: Head: Shiny, vertex weakly granulate, frons weakly transversely rugose, with numerous long, slender, simple, brown setae. Labium: Extending to bases of hind coxae. Antenna: Segment II slender basally, gradually enlarging to apex; setae short, recumbent. Pronotum: Strongly convex, disc smooth, polished, calli granulate, depressed collar transversely striate, sparsely set with very short, palebrown, recumbent setae; scutellum with a wide band of silvery scale-like setae through middle, intermixed with long, erect, pale brown, simple setae. Hemelytron: A band of silvery scale-like setae across base of clavus (and continuous with band on scutellum) and a wider band through middle of corium and across apical l/3 of clavus, sparsely intermixed with very long, pale brown setae on clavus and inner margin of corium. Ventral surface: Abdomen sparsely set with short, pale brown, simple setae and a few longer erect setae on genital capsule; second visible abdominal segment with dull alutaceous stridulatory patch on middle half.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Male genitalia: Aperture large with a sharp, inwardly directed spine above left paramere. Left paramere (Fig. 217) relatively short and stout, quadrate on apical half, with apex pointed and curved downward; long, erect, basal process stout and bifid apically (apex somewhat variable, with secondary spine sometimes poorly developed). Right paramere (Fig. 219) stout, C-shaped. Phallotheca (Fig. 218) elongate, weakly constricted before widening distally, apex tapered into a long, slender, recurving process.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Female (n=3): Coloration and structure similar to that of male, except as noted below. Length to apex of abdomen 2.96-3.05 mm, length to apex of hemelytron 2.25-2.50 mm, width across apex of hemelytra 1.24-1.28 mm. Head: Width 1.44-1.46 mm, interocular width 0.48-0.50 mm. Labium: Length 1.44-1.46 mm. Antenna: Segment I, length 0.26 mm; II, 0.74-0.78 mm; III, 0.42-0.44 mm; IV 0.44-0.46 mm. Pronotum: Length 0.72 mm, basal width 0.70-0.74 mm.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Coloration: Head, pronotum, and scutellum: Brown. Ventral surface: Brown, abdomen becoming black, with long, slender, erect, pale setae. Ostiolar evaporative area: White. Legs similar to those of male.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="48" pageNumber="49" start="start">Structure</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
, texture, and vestiture: Labium: Extending to hind coxae. Pronotum: Quadrate, shiny brown, strongly convex, sides rounded, disc and calli continuously rounded, disc shiny, not cleft, calli weakly rugose, anterior flattened, collar-like area short, but distinctly transversely striate, downward sloping posterior end of disc rugose, posterior margin flattened, posterior angles flared outward. Scutellum: Depressed through middle, apex with a patch of silvery scale-like setae. Hemelytron: Brachypterous, polished, narrow on basal half, flaring wider apically, strongly depressed across basal third to half, apical half of corium with a shiny, glabrous swelling, claval suture absent, fusing clavus and corium, cuneal fracture absent, apex truncate, apical margin cutting inward forming a shallow V with both hemelytra together; patch of silvery scale-like setae at base of corium and a semicircular band extending from middle of outer corial margin around inside of hump and back across apex to outer margin of cuneal area, claval area and inner corial margin with long, erect, pale brown setae; apical three abdominal segments exposed beyond hemelytra.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||||
Previously known in the United States from Illinois, Kentucky, Missouri, and Wisconsin (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Henry, TJ" editor="Henry, TJ" journalOrPublisher="Brill EJ, Leiden and New York" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" pagination="251 - 507" title="Family Miridae Hahn, 1833." volumeTitle="Catalog of the Heteroptera, or True Bugs, of Canada and the Continental United States" year="1988">Henry and Wheeler 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Henry, TJ" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the New York Entomological Society" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" pagination="25 - 76" title="An annotated list of the plant bugs, or Miridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), of Kentucky." url="10.1664/0028-7199(2005)113[0024:AALOTP]2.0.CO;2" volume="113" year="2005">Henry et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). New state records are Arkansas, Indiana, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Texas.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="hosts">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Hosts.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Henry, TJ" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the New York Entomological Society" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" pagination="25 - 76" title="An annotated list of the plant bugs, or Miridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), of Kentucky." url="10.1664/0028-7199(2005)113[0024:AALOTP]2.0.CO;2" volume="113" year="2005">Henry et al. (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
reported taking
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Campsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Campsis camela" order="Lamiales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="camela">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="49" pageNumber="50" start="start">Campsis</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
camela
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from trumpet creeper,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Campsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Campsis radicans" order="Lamiales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="radicans">Campsis radicans</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(L.) Seem [
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Bignoniaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="family">Bignoniaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
], and poison ivy,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Toxicodendron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Toxicodendron radicans" order="Sapindales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="radicans">Toxicodendron radicans</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(L.) Kuntze [
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Anacardiaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="family">Anacardiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
]. In addition to these hosts, A. G. Wheeler and I have collected
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="Pilophoropsidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pilophoropsidea camela" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species" species="camela">Pilophoropsidea camela</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from a broad range of plants and habitats, including
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" genus="Celtis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Celtis" order="Rosales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Celtis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. (hackberry) [
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Ulmaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="family">Ulmaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
],
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Fraxinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fraxinus" order="Lamiales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Fraxinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. (ash) [
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Oleaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="family">Oleaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
],
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus stellata" order="Fagales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stellata">Quercus stellata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Wangenh. (post oak) [
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Fagaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
],
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Parthenocissus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Parthenocissus quinquefolia" order="Vitales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quinquefolia">Parthenocissus quinquefolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(L.) Planch. (Virginia creeper) [
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Vitaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="family">Vitaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
],
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Ulmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ulmus crassifolia" order="Rosales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crassifolia">Ulmus crassifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Nutt. (winged elm) [
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Ulmaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="family">Ulmaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
], thickets of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Campsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Campsis radicans" order="Lamiales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="radicans">Campsis radicans</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(L.) Seem. ex Bureau [
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Bignoniaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="family">Bignoniaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
], and from a thick hedge-row of vegetation. Specimens usually are beaten from dense vegetation or from larger, often moss- or lichen-covered branches of trees, particularly species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Quercus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, such as post oak. This wide assortment of collection sites and hosts suggests that this mirid is an opportunistic predator, probably seeking injured, dead, or dying soft-bodied arthropods as prey.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||||
We also have observed a general association of this mimetic species with ants. In Arkansas, we found
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="Pilophoropsidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pilophoropsidea camela" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species" species="camela">Pilophoropsidea camela</taxonomicName>
|
||||
more common when
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crematogaster clara" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clara">Crematogaster clara</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Mayr was present. A specimen of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crematogaster lineolata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lineolata">Crematogaster lineolata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Say) in the USNM collection is associated with a male of
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="Pilophoropsidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pilophoropsidea camela" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species" species="camela">Pilophoropsidea camela</taxonomicName>
|
||||
collected by R. C. Froeschner in Missouri (23 July 1942).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="type specimens examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Type specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Holotype: ♂: USA:Illinois:Champaign Co.: "Urbana, Ill., Aug. 21, 1926, Vera Smith" [00162213] (USNM). Paratypes: USA:Illinois:Champaign Co.: Urbana [40.11056EN, 88.20722E W], 21 Aug 1926, Vera Smith, 1♀ (allotype) (00071557) (USNM).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="other specimens examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||||
USA:Arkansas:
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="50" pageNumber="51" start="start">Perry</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
Co.: Rt. 60, near Conway, Toadsuck Park, 35.07198EN, 92.52377EW, 91 m, 12 Jun 1987, T. J. Henry and A. G. Wheeler, Jr, 2♂♂ (00071562, 00071563), 1♀ (00071564)
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Campsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Campsis radicans" order="Lamiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="radicans">Campsis radicans</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Bignoniaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="family">Bignoniaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Parthenocissus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Parthenocissus quinquefolia" order="Vitales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quinquefolia">Parthenocissus quinquefolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Vitaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="family">Vitaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Toxicodendron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Toxicodendron radicans" order="Sapindales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="radicans">Toxicodendron radicans</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Anacardiaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="family">Anacardiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), 1♂ (00071561)
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus deltoides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="deltoides">Populus deltoides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Salicaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="family">Salicaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), 1♂ (00071560) (USNM). Pope Co.: Lake Dardanelle State Park, Rt. 64, 13 Jun 1987, T. J. Henry and A. G Wheeler, Jr.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus stellata" order="Fagales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stellata">Quercus stellata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Fagaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), 1♀ (00285689) (USNM). Russellville, Arkansas Tech University, 35.27842EN, 93.13379EW, 13 Jan 1987, T. J. Henry and A. G. Wheeler, Jr, 1♂ (00071574)
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Ulmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ulmus crassifolia" order="Rosales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crassifolia">Ulmus crassifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Ulmaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="family">Ulmaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), 1♀ (00071575), 3♂♂ (00071576-00071578) (USNM). Illinois:Madison Co.: Glen Carbon, 38.74833EN, 89.98306EW, 04 Sep 1950, J. A. Slater, 1♂ (00138451) (AMNH). Indiana:Cass Co.: Logansport, Dykeman Park, 1 Jul 1984, T. J. Henry, from thick hedgerow of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Campsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Campsis radicans" order="Lamiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="radicans">Campsis radicans</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Bignoniacaeae), 1♀ (USNM). Kentucky:Fulton Co.: CR-430, nr Mississippi River, 2.1 mi. N. of Sassafras Ridge, 36.55555EN, 89.22388EW, 19 Jun 2001, T. J. Henry and A. G Wheeler, Jr.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Toxicodendron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Toxicodendron pubescens" order="Sapindales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pubescens">Toxicodendron pubescens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Anacardiaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="family">Anacardiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), 1♂ (00285685)
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Campsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Campsis radicans" order="Lamiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="radicans">Campsis radicans</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Bignoniaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="family">Bignoniaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), 1♂ (00285686), 1♀ (00285687) (USNM). Missouri:Cole Co.: Jefferson City, 38.5584EN, 92.17203EW, 30 m, 23 Jul 1942, R. C. Froeschner, willow, 1♀ (00071559) (USNM); 11 Jul 1944, W. W. Dowdy, 1♂ (00285691) (USNM). St. Louis Co.: Saint Louis, 38.62722EN, 90.19778EW, 03 Sep 1939, R. C. Froeschner, 1♂ (00071558) (USNM). Nebraska:Nemaha Co.: Peru, Neal Park, 40.46972EN, 95.73277EW, 09 Jul 1986, T. J. Henry and A. G. Wheeler, Jr, beaten from thick hedge of mixed vegetation 1♂ (00285690) (USNM). Oklahoma:Choctaw Co.: Hugo Lake, Wilson Pt., Rt. 147, 34.04EN, 95.37638EW, 95 m, 16 Jun 1999, T. J. Henry and A. G Wheeler, Jr.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus stellata" order="Fagales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stellata">Quercus stellata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Fagaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), 2♀♀ (00071569, 0071570) (USNM). Murray Co.: I77, at I-35 W. of Doughtery, 316 m, 34.39444EN, 97.13861EW, 13 Jun 1999, T. J. Henry and A. G Wheeler, Jr.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Ulmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ulmus crassifolia" order="Rosales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crassifolia">Ulmus crassifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Ulmaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="family">Ulmaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), 1 (?sex) (00071565), 1♂ (00071566), 1♀ (00071567) (USNM). Sequoyah Co.: Applegate Cove, Kerr Lake, 6 mi. S. of Sallisaw, 18 Jun 1999, T. J. Henry and A. G Wheeler, Jr.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus stellata" order="Fagales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stellata">Quercus stellata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Fagaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), 1♂ (00285688) (USNM). Texas:Brazos Co.: College Station, 30.62778EN, 96.33417EW, 15 May 1933, H. G. Johnston, 3♂♂ (00071571-00071573) (USNM). College Station, 30.62778EN, 96.33417EW, 20 May 1929, H. G. Johnston, 1♂ (02467796) (TAMU); 15 May 1933, H. G. Johnston, 1♂ (02467799) (TAMU); 18 May 1933, H. G. Johnston, 1♂ (02467798) (TAMU); 19 May 1933, H. G. Johnston, light trap, 1♂ (02467800) (TAMU); 23 May 1933, H. G. Johnston, 1♂ (02467801) (TAMU); 24 May 1933, H. G. Johnston, 1♂ (02467797) (TAMU). Kerr Co.: Kerrville,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="VI–16–">VI-16-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
64, M. H. Sweet, 1♀ (TAMU). Uvalde Co.: 29.20968EN, 99.78617EW, 26 May 1910, F. C. Pratt, 1♂ (00071568) (USNM). Wisconsin:Jackson Co.: no specific locality, 44.43718EN, 90.91126EW, 259 m, 08 Aug 1970, C. F. Koval, 1♂ (00329553) (CNC).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
317
data/2B/4F/74/2B4F744E214A54DB972F2EB1A559CADB.xml
Normal file
317
data/2B/4F/74/2B4F744E214A54DB972F2EB1A559CADB.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,317 @@
|
|||
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.97117" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-1324-1-69" ID-Pensoft-UUID="CA0CBE818BFA5DFA80DBD42521D5DBE3" ID-ZooBank="99BBA4C8ED2048879952B61CC25309D4" ModsDocID="1860-1324-70-1-69" checkinTime="1679031804748" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tran, Anh Duc, Zettel, Herbert & Sites, Robert W." docDate="2023" docId="2B4F744E214A54DB972F2EB1A559CADB" docLanguage="en" docName="DeutEntomolZeit 70(1): 69-111" docOrigin="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 70 (1)" docPubDate="2023-03-16" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.97117" docTitle="Eotrechus anderseni Tran & Zettel & Sites 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="E3518FB6-D2CD-4E83-A1D1-D2FBD247912A" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="CA0CBE818BFA5DFA80DBD42521D5DBE3" lastPageNumber="69" masterDocId="CA0CBE818BFA5DFA80DBD42521D5DBE3" masterDocTitle="Revision of the genus Eotrechus Kirkaldy (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Gerridae), with descriptions of six new species" masterLastPageNumber="111" masterPageNumber="69" pageNumber="69" updateTime="1679031804748" updateUser="pensoft">
|
||||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>Revision of the genus Eotrechus Kirkaldy (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Gerridae), with descriptions of six new species</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Tran, Anh Duc</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9605-0739</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Faculty of Biology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">tran.anhduc@hus.edu.vn</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Zettel, Herbert</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7760-0472</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Herbert Zettel, 2 nd Zoological Department (Entomology), Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Sites, Robert W.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3895-813X</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Enns Entomology Museum, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number>2023-03-16</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number>70</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="issue">
|
||||
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start>69</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end>111</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.97117</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.97117</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1860-1324-1-69</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">99BBA4C8ED2048879952B61CC25309D4</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">CA0CBE818BFA5DFA80DBD42521D5DBE3</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E3518FB6-D2CD-4E83-A1D1-D2FBD247912A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B4F744E214A54DB972F2EB1A559CADB" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="https://zoobank.org/E3518FB6-D2CD-4E83-A1D1-D2FBD247912A" authority="Tran & Zettel & Sites, 2023" authorityName="Tran & Zettel & Sites" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Gerridae" genus="Eotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eotrechus anderseni" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anderseni" status="sp. nov.">Eotrechus anderseni</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="69">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Habitus of Eotrechus species. A. E. longipes, apterous male from Nepal; B. E. anderseni sp. nov., macropterous female." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.97117.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/826109" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Figs 20B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Eotrechus anderseni sp. nov., holotype. A. Left fore leg; B. Abdomen, ventral view; C. Genital capsule, dorsal view; D. Pygophore, ventral view; E. Paramere (A, B. Same scale; C, D. Same scale)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.97117.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/826111" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">, 22</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Distribution records of species of Eotrechus. Circles represent E. longipes species group; squares represent E. petraeus species group; stars represent E. vietnamensis species group." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.97117.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/826115" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">, 26</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2008-04-21" collectingDateMax="2008-04-24" collectingDateMin="2008-04-21" collectorName="E Khasi Hills, Fikacek, Podskalska, Sipek" country="India" elevation="810" latitude="25.216667" location="Cherapunjee" longLatPrecision="1247" longitude="91.65" municipality="Laitkynsew" specimenCount="♂" stateProvince="Meghalaya State" typeStatus="Holotype">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||||
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingCountry name="India">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
•
|
||||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
||||
(macropterous);
|
||||
<collectingRegion country="India" name="Meghalaya">Meghalaya State</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(10),
|
||||
<collectorName>E Khasi Hills</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<locationDeviation location="Cherrapunjee">
|
||||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="km" value="11.0">11 km</quantity>
|
||||
SW Cherrapunjee
|
||||
</locationDeviation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality>Laitkynsew</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
, seepage, wet rocks with algae/blue algae/moss, exposed, ca.
|
||||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="km" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5-2 km</quantity>
|
||||
via road from "Cherapunjee Holiday Resort" in direction
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F744E214A54DB972F2EB1A559CADB:743089054581641BD18D9C9CEABF6061" country="India" latitude="25.216667" longLatPrecision="1247" longitude="91.65" municipality="Laitkynsew" name="Cherapunjee" stateProvince="Meghalaya State">Cherapunjee</location>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="25.216667">25°13'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="91" direction="east" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="91.65">91°39'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" unit="m" value="810.0">
|
||||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" unit="m" value="810.0">810 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<collectingDate value="2008-04-21" valueMax="2008-04-24" valueMin="2008-04-21">21-24 Apr. 2008</collectingDate>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fikáček">
|
||||
<collectorName>Fikacek</collectorName>
|
||||
</normalizedToken>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Podskalská">
|
||||
<collectorName>Podskalska</collectorName>
|
||||
</normalizedToken>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Šípek">
|
||||
<collectorName>Sipek</collectorName>
|
||||
</normalizedToken>
|
||||
leg.; ZSM.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" country="India" location="India" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="Paratypes">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||||
<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingCountry name="India">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
•
|
||||
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||||
(macropterous); same locality data as
|
||||
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
; ZSM
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
•
|
||||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" country="India" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||||
(macropterous); same locality data as
|
||||
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
; NHMW
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
•
|
||||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" country="India" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||||
(macropterous); same locality data as
|
||||
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
; NMPC
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Size: macropterous male (holotype), length 10.45, width 2.81; macropterous females, length 10.70-11.25, width 3.01-3.15.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||||
Colour (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Habitus of Eotrechus species. A. E. longipes, apterous male from Nepal; B. E. anderseni sp. nov., macropterous female." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.97117.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/826109" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">20B</figureCitation>
|
||||
): Dorsal side of head largely black, ventral side with broad median black stripe. Dorsal side of pronotum only with yellow midline and sides, without yellow sublateral stripes, but with a pair of shiny stripes at this position. Wings mostly black with dark-brown patches, membrane dark-greyish. Venter of thorax and abdomen chiefly black, sterna V-VII medially yellow.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||||
Structural characteristics: Macropterous male (holotype): Head width across eyes 1.76; interocular width 0.76; eye kidney-shaped in dorsal view, length of eye 0.83. Antennae: length 8.94, and shorter than body length, lengths of segments I-IV: 2.65: 2.61: 1.60: 2.08; segment I with one short spine subapically. Pronotum length 3.52, humeral width 2.03; pronotal lobe with median carina in anterior half. Fore wing length 6.36. Lengths of mesosternum and metasternum: 2.65 and 0.95. Lengths of leg segments (femur: tibia: tarsal segment I: tarsal segment II) as follows: fore leg: 3.23: 2.86: 0.36: 0.57; middle leg: 8.50: 7.65: 0.61: 0.78; hind leg: 8.90: 9.29: 0.67: 0.82. Fore leg (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Eotrechus anderseni sp. nov., holotype. A. Left fore leg; B. Abdomen, ventral view; C. Genital capsule, dorsal view; D. Pygophore, ventral view; E. Paramere (A, B. Same scale; C, D. Same scale)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.97117.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/826111" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">22A</figureCitation>
|
||||
): trochanter without long, fine setae; femur moderately incrassate, length ca. 5.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
maximum width at basal part (3.23: 0.59), distal part gradually tapering towards apex, without long, stiff setae along flexor side of femur; tibia almost straight, simple, with short, stout setae on apical third of extensor side; tarsus covered with long, brown setae on ventral surface, and only with short setae on dorsal surface. Middle and hind femora slender and shorter than body length; middle and hind femora, middle and hind tibiae with scattered, short, brown spines in distal parts. Claws moderately stout, lengths of fore, mid- and hind claws: 0.22: 0.30: 0.28. Abdomen short, total length of abdominal sterna II-VII: 3.51, sterna II-V medially not grooved. Sternum VI with narrow median impression. Sternum VII shorter than length of two preceding sterna combined (0.50: 0.82), triangularly depressed, posterior margin broadly and deeply emarginated, and with fringe of setae (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Eotrechus anderseni sp. nov., holotype. A. Left fore leg; B. Abdomen, ventral view; C. Genital capsule, dorsal view; D. Pygophore, ventral view; E. Paramere (A, B. Same scale; C, D. Same scale)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.97117.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/826111" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">22B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Genitalia (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Eotrechus anderseni sp. nov., holotype. A. Left fore leg; B. Abdomen, ventral view; C. Genital capsule, dorsal view; D. Pygophore, ventral view; E. Paramere (A, B. Same scale; C, D. Same scale)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.97117.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/826111" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">22C-E</figureCitation>
|
||||
): abdominal segment VIII large, ventral side distinctly longer than sternum VII (0.73: 0.50), posterolaterally with dense, yellowish, soft setae; pygophore with thick posterolateral projections, apex of projection rounded, and distal part of projection swollen, covered with dense, long, bristle-like setae directed laterad; paramere simple, length about three times as width; proctiger simple, longer than wide, with narrowly rounded apex.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/dez.70.97117.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/826111" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" start="Figure 22" startId="F22">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Figure 22.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tran & Zettel & Sites" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Gerridae" genus="Eotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eotrechus anderseni" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anderseni">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Eotrechus anderseni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov., holotype.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">A.</emphasis>
|
||||
Left fore leg;
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">B.</emphasis>
|
||||
Abdomen, ventral view;
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">C.</emphasis>
|
||||
Genital capsule, dorsal view;
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">D.</emphasis>
|
||||
Pygophore, ventral view;
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E.</emphasis>
|
||||
Paramere (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">A, B.</emphasis>
|
||||
Same scale;
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">C, D.</emphasis>
|
||||
Same scale).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||||
Macropterous female: Head width across eyes 1.97; interocular width 0.81; eye kidney-shaped in dorsal view, length 0.86. Antennae 0.64
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
body length (7.16: 11.25), lengths of segments I-IV: 2.10: 2.08: 1.25: 1.73; segment I with one short, dark, subapical spine. Pronotum length 3.73, humeral width 2.37. Fore wing length 7.30. Lengths of mesosternum and metasternum: 2.75 and 1.02. Lengths of leg segments (femur: tibia: tarsal segment I: tarsal segment II): fore leg: 3.08: 2.61: 0.31: 0.56; middle leg: 8.47: 7.60: 0.58: 0.80; hind leg: 8.85: 9.18: 0.65: 0.81. Fore trochanter without long setae on ventral side. Fore femur simple, moderately incrassate, length ca. 5.9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
maximum width (3.08: 0.52), moderately thickened at basal part and gradually tapering towards apex, flexor side without long, stiff setae. Fore tibia straight, with long, stout setae at apical third of extensor side. Fore tarsus covered with brown setae. Middle and hind femora slender and shorter than body length; middle and hind femora (in distal parts), middle and hind tibiae with scattered, short, brown spines. Claws stout, lengths of fore, mid- and hind claws: 0.18: 0.28: 0.27. Total length of abdominal sterna II-VII ca. 0.36
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
body length (4.08: 11.25). Sternum VII 1.1
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
length of two preceding sterna combined (1.34: 1.22), posteriorly narrowed, posterior margin straight. Connexival apex of sternum VII obtuse. Genitalia: not totally concealed by sternum VII; tergum VIII simple; gonocoxae concealed by sternum VII; proctiger acuminate, protruded, directed caudad.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Apterous morph: Unknown.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||||
In the
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. longipes" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="longipes">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. longipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species group,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. anderseni" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="anderseni">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. anderseni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. longipes" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="longipes">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. longipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. terrestris" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="terrestris">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. terrestris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
based on the unique structure of the pygophore. In
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. longipes" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="longipes">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. longipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. terrestris" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="terrestris">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. terrestris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, posterolateral projections of the pygophore taper towards the pointed or narrow apex. In
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. anderseni" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="anderseni">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. anderseni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov., posterolateral projections are thickened at the distal part and bear dense, long, bristle-like setae. The female of the new species differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. longipes" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="longipes">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. longipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. terrestris" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="terrestris">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. terrestris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the shorter sternum VII (ca. 1.1
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
the length of two preceding sterna combined, whereas sternum VII of the latter two species is ca. 1.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
the length of two preceding sterna combined).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Andersen" authorityYear="1982" class="Insecta" family="Gerridae" genus="Eotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eotrechus longipes" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipes">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Eotrechus longipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be distinguished from
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. terrestris" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="terrestris">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. terrestris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the characteristics of fore trochanter, abdominal venter, and the posterolateral projections of the male pygophore. In
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. longipes" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="longipes">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. longipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the fore trochanter has a small tubercle bearing black, minute setae; the abdominal venter has a median groove from sterna V-VII; and the posterolateral projections of the pygophore are broad at the basal part and taper apically. In
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. terrestris" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="terrestris">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. terrestris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the fore trochanter is without such a tubercle; the median groove is present only on sterna VI and VII; and the posterolateral projections of the pygophore are long and more slender.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||||
This species is dedicated to the late Prof. Nils
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Møller">Moller</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Andersen (University of Copenhagen) for his influential contributions to the systematics and evolution of semi-aquatic bugs, including the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kirkaldy" authorityYear="1902" class="Insecta" family="Gerridae" genus="Eotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eotrechus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Eotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||||
India: Meghalaya (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Distribution records of species of Eotrechus. Circles represent E. longipes species group; squares represent E. petraeus species group; stars represent E. vietnamensis species group." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.97117.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/826115" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">26</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Andersen" authorityYear="1982" class="Insecta" family="Gerridae" genus="Eotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eotrechus brevipes" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipes">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Eotrechus brevipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species group
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||||
Both sexes: fore femur short and stout, strongly incrassate basally, gradually tapering towards apex, and without stiff setae on flexor side; fore tibia distinctly curved. - Male: posterior margin of metasternum simple, without a fringe of short, black setae; abdominal venter without median patch of long, soft setae; posterior margin of sternum VII only slightly emarginated; pygophore with a pair of posterolateral projections. Female: mediotergite VIII flap-like, posterolaterally with grooves; genitalia enclosed by sternum VII and mediotergite VIII.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Species included.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. brevipes" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="brevipes">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. brevipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Andersen, 1982.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
60
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60
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|
||||
<paragraph id="DF6342AB379EF9BAAA1615D65218848F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1557">Minas Gerais</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="050D5630B9BB35EFED00D7ED6A9FE9CA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1557">
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||||
<bibRefCitation id="608C834A085B76567104DF26E31AA091" author="Flint Jr, O. S." journalOrPublisher="Studies on the Fauna of Suriname and other Guyanas" pageId="0" pageNumber="1557" pagination="1 - 151" title="Studies of Neotropical Caddsiflies, XV: The Trichoptera of Surinam" volume="14" year="1974">Flint Jr 1974a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="640AF53E7129D81F54E5FAAB16451EF0" author="Blahnik, R. J." journalOrPublisher="Biota Neotropica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1557" pagination="1 - 6" title="New Distribution and Species Records of Trichoptera from Southern and Southeastern Brazil." volume="4" year="2004">Blahnik et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
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523
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|
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|
||||
<heading id="F81181F12567FF9DFC27F922FAB0F937" allCaps="true" box="[1004,1348,1750,1774]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" reason="2">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2567FF9DFC27F922FAB0F937" ID-CoL="66C" ID-ENA="54907" authority="INDETERMINATE" authorityName="INDETERMINATE" box="[1004,1348,1750,1774]" family="Albulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">ALBULIDAE INDETERMINATE</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162567FF9DFBBAF908FB4BF8CA" box="[1137,1215,1787,1812]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2567FF9DFBBAF908FB4BF8CA" blockId="7.[1003,1349,1686,1812]" box="[1137,1215,1787,1812]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BDD2A182567FF9DFBBAF908FB4BF8CA" box="[1137,1215,1787,1812]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="12.[112,187,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[206,1426,197,1802]" captionTargetId="figure-115@12.[206,1426,197,1802]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 5. Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Length in mm. A. Elops sp., DMNH 2021-09-01, 1.89 mm. B. Albuliformes indeterminate, DMNH 2021-09-02, 1.42 mm. C. Elopothrissus sp. DMNH 2021-09-03, 1.83 mm. D. Genartina sp. DMNH 2021-09-04, 0.85 mm. E. Osmeroides sp. DMNH 2021-09-05, 3.85 mm. F. Anguilla? chickasawae Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020b), DMNH 2021-09-6, 1.90 mm. G. Echiophis aff. E. semisphaeroides Schwarzhans (2003), DMNH 2021-09-07, 3.25 mm. H. Muraenanguilla? sp. DMNH 2021-09-08, 2.18 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913428" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913428/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">FIG. 5B</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162567FF9DFCABF8D9FAFAF8B2" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2567FF9DFCABF8D9FAFAF8B2" blockId="7.[832,1520,1837,1934]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2567FF9DFCABF8D9FC04F89E" bold="true" box="[864,1008,1837,1863]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Material—</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="138E3CC02567FF9DFC3BF8D9FAFEF8B2" collectingDate="2021-02-09" collectionCode="DMNH" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
four small, eroded specimens, specimen figured,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE582567FF9DFC6DF8A5FC0DF8B2" box="[934,1017,1873,1899]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" type="Museum">DMNH</collectionCode>
|
||||
<date id="D758105D2567FF9DFBCBF8A4FB62F8B3" box="[1024,1174,1872,1898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" value="2021-02-09">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="C71CE9B52567FF9DFBCBF8A4FB62F8B3" box="[1024,1174,1872,1898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" value="2021-02-09">2021-09-02</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BDD2A182567FF9DFB6EF8A4FAF4F8B2" box="[1189,1280,1872,1899]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="12.[112,187,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[206,1426,197,1802]" captionTargetId="figure-115@12.[206,1426,197,1802]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 5. Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Length in mm. A. Elops sp., DMNH 2021-09-01, 1.89 mm. B. Albuliformes indeterminate, DMNH 2021-09-02, 1.42 mm. C. Elopothrissus sp. DMNH 2021-09-03, 1.83 mm. D. Genartina sp. DMNH 2021-09-04, 0.85 mm. E. Osmeroides sp. DMNH 2021-09-05, 3.85 mm. F. Anguilla? chickasawae Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020b), DMNH 2021-09-6, 1.90 mm. G. Echiophis aff. E. semisphaeroides Schwarzhans (2003), DMNH 2021-09-07, 3.25 mm. H. Muraenanguilla? sp. DMNH 2021-09-08, 2.18 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913428" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913428/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162567FF93FCABF887FB01F9A5" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="6" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2567FF9DFCABF887FA04F857" blockId="7.[832,1520,1837,1934]" box="[864,1520,1907,1934]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2567FF9DFCABF887FB21F854" bold="true" box="[864,1237,1907,1933]" pageId="7" pageNumber="6">Description and Remarks—</emphasis>
|
||||
These specimens were
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="F79966152568FF92FFB8FF37FAABFF02" box="[115,1375,195,219]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" startId="8.[115,179,195,219]" targetType="table">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2568FF92FFB8FF37FAABFF02" blockId="8.[115,1417,195,326]" box="[115,1375,195,219]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB8FF37FF39FF02" bold="true" box="[115,205,195,219]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Table 1.</emphasis>
|
||||
Taxa from the Arkadelphia Formation (Cabot locality, Arkansas, USA) with number of specimens, percentage
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2568FF92FFB8FF2AFA8CFF2C" blockId="8.[115,1417,195,326]" box="[115,1400,222,246]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">of total, and occurrences in the Cretaceous and Paleocene of North America. Letters in third and fourth columns refer to</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2568FF92FFB8FF0CFA7DFEF2" blockId="8.[115,1417,195,326]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
the following references:
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FE48FF0CFE60FEC9" bold="true" box="[387,404,248,272]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">A</emphasis>
|
||||
=Stringer et al. (2020);
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FD5BFF0CFD54FEC9" bold="true" box="[656,672,248,272]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">B</emphasis>
|
||||
=
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2568FF92FD65FF0CFBD3FEC9" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" box="[686,1063,248,272]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FBF9FF0CFBB5FEC9" bold="true" box="[1074,1089,248,272]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">C</emphasis>
|
||||
=
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2568FF92FB84FF0CFA82FEC9" author="Schwarzhans, W. & R. Huddleston & G. Takeuchi" box="[1103,1398,248,272]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="45 - 72" refId="ref30188" refString="Schwarzhans, W., R. Huddleston, and G. Takeuchi. 2018 b. A Late Santonian fish-fauna from the Eutaw Formation of Alabama reconstructed from otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 124 (1): 45 - 72." type="journal article" year="2018">Schwarzhans et al. (2018b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB8FEE7FF71FEF2" bold="true" box="[115,133,275,299]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">D</emphasis>
|
||||
=
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2568FF92FF59FEE7FE7EFEF2" author="Hoganson, J. & J. Erickson & F. Holland" box="[146,394,275,299]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 94" refId="ref26498" refString="Hoganson, J., J. Erickson, and F. Holland. 2019. Chondrichthyan and osteichthyan paleofaunas from the Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian) Fox Hills Formation of North Dakota, USA: Paleoecology, Paleogeography, and Extinction. Bulletins of American Paleontology 398: 1 - 94." type="journal article" year="2019">Hoganson et al. (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FE5FFEE7FE57FEF2" bold="true" box="[404,419,275,299]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">E</emphasis>
|
||||
=Stringer et al. (2018);
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FD54FEE7FD59FEF2" bold="true" box="[671,685,275,299]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">F</emphasis>
|
||||
=
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2568FF92FD70FEE7FC68FEF2" author="Schwarzhans, W." box="[699,924,275,299]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="787 - 793" refId="ref29555" refString="Schwarzhans, W. 1985. Fish otoliths from the lower Tertiary of Ellesmere Island. Canadian Journal of Earth Science 23: 787 - 793." type="journal article" year="1985">Schwarzhans (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FC6CFEE7FC43FEF2" bold="true" box="[935,951,275,299]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">G</emphasis>
|
||||
=
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2568FF92FC0EFEE7FB87FEF2" author="Frizzell, D." box="[965,1139,275,299]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" pagination="85 - 110" refId="ref25755" refString="Frizzell, D. 1965 a. Otolith-based genera and lineages of fossil bonefishes (Clupeiformes, Albulidae). Senckenbergiana Lethaea 46 (a): 85 - 110." type="journal article" year="1965">Frizzell (1965a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. References are not inclu-
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2568FF92FFB8FEDAFB49FE9C" blockId="8.[115,1417,195,326]" box="[115,1213,301,326]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
sive but provide evidence of the range of the species in North America.
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FCA5FED9FB49FE9C" bold="true" box="[878,1213,301,325]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Order=FORMES, Family=idae</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2568FF92FEFAFE8AFAC9F8A6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<table id="D1E6C43D25680065FFB4FE9AFA8EF858" box="[127,1402,366,1921]" colsContinueIn="9.[164,1440,361,1384]" gridcols="5" gridrows="36" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FE9AFA8EFE7D" box="[127,1402,366,420]" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FE9AFE23FE7D" box="[127,471,366,420]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FEFAFE8AFE9EFE4F" bold="true" box="[305,362,382,406]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Taxa</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FD85FE9AFCE4FE7D" box="[590,784,366,420]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FD85FE89FCE4FE4C" bold="true" box="[590,784,381,405]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">No. of specimens</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FC85FE9AFC4BFE7D" box="[846,959,366,420]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FC85FE89FC4BFE4C" bold="true" box="[846,959,381,405]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">% of total</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FC36FE9AFB6CFE7D" box="[1021,1176,366,420]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FC36FE9AFB7EFE7D" bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Known N. Am Cretaceous</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FB2BFE9AFA8EFE7D" box="[1248,1402,366,420]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FB2BFE9AFA9CFE7D" bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Known N. Am Paleocene</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FE4DFA8EFE2E" box="[127,1402,441,503]" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FE4DFA8EFE2E" box="[127,1402,441,503]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4FE4DFF11FE2E" bold="true" box="[127,294,441,503]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4FE4DFED2FE08" box="[127,294,441,465]" kingdom="Animalia" order="Elopiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">ELOPIFORMES</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4FE2BFF11FE2E" authorityName="VALENCIENNES" authorityYear="1847" box="[127,229,479,503]" family="Elopidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Elopiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Elopidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FDF1FA8EFDC6" box="[127,1402,517,543]" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FDF1FE23FDC6" box="[127,471,517,543]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4FDF3FF28FDC4" box="[127,220,518,543]" family="Elopidae" genus="Elops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Elopiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undefined-1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4FDF3FF4CFDC6" box="[127,184,519,543]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Elops</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FD85FDF1FCE4FDC6" box="[590,784,517,543]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">1</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC85FDF1FC4BFDC6" box="[846,959,517,543]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">0.05</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC36FDF1FB6CFDC6" box="[1021,1176,517,543]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">C</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FB2BFDF1FA8EFDC6" box="[1248,1402,517,543]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">F</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FDDEFA8EFD9B" box="[127,1402,554,578]" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FDDEFA8EFD9B" box="[127,1402,554,578]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4FDDEFEC3FD9B" box="[127,311,554,578]" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4FDDEFEC3FD9B" bold="true" box="[127,311,554,578]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">ALBULIFORMES</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FDA0FA8EFDB5" box="[127,1402,596,620]" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FDA0FA8EFDB5" box="[127,1402,596,620]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4FDA0FF1BFDB5" box="[127,239,596,620]" family="Albulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4FDA0FF1BFDB5" bold="true" box="[127,239,596,620]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Albulidae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FD8BFA8EFD4E" box="[127,1402,639,663]" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FD8BFE23FD4E" box="[127,471,639,663]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4FD8BFEFFFD4E" box="[127,267,639,663]" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Albuliformes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
indeterminate
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FD85FD8BFCE4FD4E" box="[590,784,639,663]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">4</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC85FD8BFC4BFD4E" box="[846,959,639,663]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">0.19</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC36FD8BFB6CFD4E" box="[1021,1176,639,663]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">E</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FB2BFD8BFA8EFD4E" box="[1248,1402,639,663]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">B</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FD51FA8EFD66" box="[127,1402,677,703]" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FD51FE23FD66" box="[127,471,677,703]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4FD53FEC5FD64" box="[127,305,678,703]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Albulidae" genus="Elopothrissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undefined-1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4FD53FEF9FD66" box="[127,269,679,703]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Elopothrissus</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FD85FD51FCE4FD66" box="[590,784,677,703]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">1</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC85FD51FC4BFD66" box="[846,959,677,703]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">0.05</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC36FD51FB6CFD66" box="[1021,1176,677,703]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FB2BFD51FA8EFD66" box="[1248,1402,677,703]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">B</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FD3EFA8EFCDE" box="[127,1402,714,775]" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FD3EFA8EFCDE" box="[127,1402,714,775]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4FD3EFE8EFCDE" bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
ORDER
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FF13FD3EFE6AFD3B" box="[216,414,714,738]" order="Indeterminate" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" rank="order">INDETERMINATE</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Family indeterminate
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FCECFA8EFCE8" box="[127,1402,792,817]" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FCECFE23FCE8" box="[127,471,792,817]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4FCEDFEF9FCE9" box="[127,269,793,817]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Albulidae" genus="Genartina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undefined-1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4FCEDFF1DFCE8" box="[127,233,793,817]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Genartina</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FD85FCECFCE4FCE8" box="[590,784,792,817]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">1</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC85FCECFC4BFCE8" box="[846,959,792,817]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">0.05</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC36FCECFB6CFCE8" box="[1021,1176,792,817]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">B</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FB2BFCECFA8EFCE8" box="[1248,1402,792,817]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">B</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FCB4FA8EFC81" box="[127,1402,832,856]" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FCB4FA8EFC81" box="[127,1402,832,856]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4FCB4FED7FC81" authorityName="FOREY" authorityYear="1973" box="[127,291,832,856]" family="Osmeroididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4FCB4FED7FC81" bold="true" box="[127,291,832,856]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Osmeroididae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FC91FA8EFCA6" box="[127,1402,869,895]" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FC91FE23FCA6" box="[127,471,869,895]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4FC93FEE9FCA4" box="[127,285,870,895]" family="Osmeroididae" genus="Osmeroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undefined-3">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4FC93FF0CFCA6" box="[127,248,871,895]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Osmeroides</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FD85FC91FCE4FCA6" box="[590,784,869,895]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">3</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC85FC91FC4BFCA6" box="[846,959,869,895]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">0.14</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC36FC91FB6CFCA6" box="[1021,1176,869,895]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FB2BFC91FA8EFCA6" box="[1248,1402,869,895]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">G</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FC7EFA8EFC7B" box="[127,1402,906,930]" gridrow="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FC7EFA8EFC7B" box="[127,1402,906,930]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4FC7EFEA5FC7B" authorityName="REGAN" authorityYear="1909" box="[127,337,906,930]" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4FC7EFEA5FC7B" bold="true" box="[127,337,906,930]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">ANGUILLIFORMES</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FC46FA8EFC13" box="[127,1402,946,970]" gridrow="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FC46FA8EFC13" box="[127,1402,946,970]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4FC46FEF1FC13" authorityName="RAFINESQUE" authorityYear="1810" box="[127,261,946,970]" family="Anguillidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4FC46FEF1FC13" bold="true" box="[127,261,946,970]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Anguillidae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FC2FFA8EFC2D" box="[127,1402,987,1012]" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FC2FFE23FC2D" box="[127,471,987,1012]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4FC28FE9AFC2D" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[127,366,987,1012]" family="Anguillidae" genus="Anguilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chickasawae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4FC28FF2CFC2D" box="[127,216,988,1012]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Anguilla</emphasis>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FF23FC28FE9AFC2D" box="[232,366,988,1012]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">chickasawae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FD85FC2FFCE4FC2D" box="[590,784,987,1012]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">6</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC85FC2FFC4BFC2D" box="[846,959,987,1012]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">0.28</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC36FC2FFB6CFC2D" box="[1021,1176,987,1012]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FB2BFC2FFA8EFC2D" box="[1248,1402,987,1012]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">B</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FBF4FA8EFBC1" box="[127,1402,1024,1048]" gridrow="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FBF4FA8EFBC1" box="[127,1402,1024,1048]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4FBF4FEE8FBC1" authorityName="RAFINESQUE" authorityYear="1815" box="[127,284,1024,1048]" family="Ophichthidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4FBF4FEE8FBC1" bold="true" box="[127,284,1024,1048]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Ophichthidae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FBD3FA8EFB98" box="[127,1402,1063,1089]" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FBD3FE23FB98" box="[127,471,1063,1089]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4FBDDFF10FB98" authorityName="KAUP" authorityYear="1856" box="[127,228,1065,1089]" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Echiophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4FBDDFF10FB98" box="[127,228,1065,1089]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Echiophis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
aff.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FEDBFBDDFE23FB98" authorityName="Schwarzhans" authorityYear="2003" box="[272,471,1065,1089]" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Echiophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semisphaeroides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FEDBFBDDFE23FB98" box="[272,471,1065,1089]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">E. semisphaeroides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FD85FBD3FCE4FB98" box="[590,784,1063,1089]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">11</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC85FBD3FC4BFB98" box="[846,959,1063,1089]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">0.52</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC36FBD3FB6CFB98" box="[1021,1176,1063,1089]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">B</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FB2BFBD3FA8EFB98" box="[1248,1402,1063,1089]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">B</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FBBBFA8EFBBE" box="[127,1402,1103,1127]" gridrow="16" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FBBBFA8EFBBE" box="[127,1402,1103,1127]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4FBBBFE8EFBBE" bold="true" box="[127,378,1103,1127]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
Family
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FF19FBBBFE8EFBBE" box="[210,378,1103,1127]" family="Indeterminate" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" rank="family">Indeterminate</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FB8CFA8EFB4B" box="[127,1402,1144,1170]" gridrow="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FB8CFE23FB4B" box="[127,471,1144,1170]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4FB8EFEDDFB4B" authorityName="SCHWARZHANS" authorityYear="2019" box="[127,297,1146,1170]" genus="Muraenanguilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4FB8EFEDDFB4B" box="[127,297,1146,1170]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Muraenanguilla</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
? sp.
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FD85FB8CFCE4FB4B" box="[590,784,1144,1170]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">2</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC85FB8CFC4BFB4B" box="[846,959,1144,1170]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">0.09</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC36FB8CFB6CFB4B" box="[1021,1176,1144,1170]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FB2BFB8CFA8EFB4B" box="[1248,1402,1144,1170]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">B</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FB6BFA8EFB6E" box="[127,1402,1183,1207]" gridrow="18" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FB6BFA8EFB6E" box="[127,1402,1183,1207]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4FB6BFE75FB6E" authorityName="Regan" authorityYear="1909" box="[127,385,1183,1207]" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4FB6BFE75FB6E" bold="true" box="[127,385,1183,1207]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">OSTEOGLOSSIFORMES</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FB3CFA8EFB39" box="[127,1402,1224,1248]" gridrow="19" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FB3CFA8EFB39" box="[127,1402,1224,1248]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4FB3CFE8EFB39" bold="true" box="[127,378,1224,1248]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Family indeterminate</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FB03FA8EFAC9" box="[127,1402,1271,1296]" gridrow="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FB03FE23FAC9" box="[127,471,1271,1296]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4FB0CFEB3FAC9" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[127,327,1272,1296]" genus="Kokenichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="navis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4FB0CFEB3FAC9" box="[127,327,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Kokenichthys navis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FD85FB03FCE4FAC9" box="[590,784,1271,1296]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">2</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC85FB03FC4BFAC9" box="[846,959,1271,1296]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">0.09</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC36FB03FB6CFAC9" box="[1021,1176,1271,1296]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FB2BFB03FA8EFAC9" box="[1248,1402,1271,1296]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">No</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FAD6FA8EFAE3" box="[127,1402,1314,1338]" gridrow="21" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FAD6FA8EFAE3" box="[127,1402,1314,1338]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4FAD6FEC0FAE3" bold="true" box="[127,308,1314,1338]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">CLUPEIFORMES</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FAB9FA8EFABC" box="[127,1402,1357,1381]" gridrow="22" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FAB9FA8EFABC" box="[127,1402,1357,1381]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4FAB9FE8EFABC" bold="true" box="[127,378,1357,1381]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Family indeterminate</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FA8DFA8EFA48" box="[127,1402,1401,1425]" gridrow="23" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FA8DFE23FA48" box="[127,471,1401,1425]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Clupeiform? indeterminate</th>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FD85FA8DFCE4FA48" box="[590,784,1401,1425]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">1</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC85FA8DFC4BFA48" box="[846,959,1401,1425]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">0.05</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC36FA8DFB6CFA48" box="[1021,1176,1401,1425]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">—</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FB2BFA8DFA8EFA48" box="[1248,1402,1401,1425]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">—</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FA56FA8EFA63" box="[127,1402,1442,1466]" gridrow="24" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FA56FA8EFA63" box="[127,1402,1442,1466]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4FA56FEDAFA63" authorityName="CUVIER" authorityYear="1817" box="[127,302,1442,1466]" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4FA56FEDAFA63" bold="true" box="[127,302,1442,1466]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">SILURIFORMES</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FA3CFA8EFA39" box="[127,1402,1480,1504]" gridrow="25" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FA3CFA8EFA39" box="[127,1402,1480,1504]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4FA3CFF21FA39" authorityName="BLEEKER" authorityYear="1862" box="[127,213,1480,1504]" family="Ariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4FA3CFF21FA39" bold="true" box="[127,213,1480,1504]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Ariidae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4FA04FA8EF9D3" box="[127,1402,1520,1546]" gridrow="26" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4FA04FE23F9D3" box="[127,471,1520,1546]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4FA06FEE5F9D3" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Bratishko" authorityYear="2011" box="[127,273,1521,1546]" family="Ariidae" genus="Arius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subtilis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4FA06FF42F9D3" box="[127,182,1522,1546]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Arius</emphasis>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FF0DFA06FEE5F9D3" box="[198,273,1522,1546]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">subtilis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FD85FA04FCE4F9D3" box="[590,784,1520,1546]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">1</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC85FA04FC4BF9D3" box="[846,959,1520,1546]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">0.05</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC36FA04FB6CF9D3" box="[1021,1176,1520,1546]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FB2BFA04FA8EF9D3" box="[1248,1402,1520,1546]" gridcol="4" gridrow="26" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">B</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4F9E8FA8EF9ED" box="[127,1402,1564,1588]" gridrow="27" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4F9E8FA8EF9ED" box="[127,1402,1564,1588]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4F9E8FE8EF9ED" bold="true" box="[127,378,1564,1588]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Family indeterminate</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4F9B3FA8EF9B8" box="[127,1402,1607,1633]" gridrow="28" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4F9B3FE23F9B8" box="[127,471,1607,1633]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4F9BDFEE9F9B8" authorityName="Frizzell" authorityYear="1965" box="[127,285,1609,1633]" family="Vorhisiidae" genus="Vorhisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulpes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4F9BDFEE9F9B8" box="[127,285,1609,1633]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Vorhisia vulpes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FD85F9B3FCE4F9B8" box="[590,784,1607,1633]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">1,537</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC85F9B3FC4BF9B8" box="[846,959,1607,1633]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">72.88</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC36F9B3FB6CF9B8" box="[1021,1176,1607,1633]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FB2BF9B3FA8EF9B8" box="[1248,1402,1607,1633]" gridcol="4" gridrow="28" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">No</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4F99BFA8EF95E" box="[127,1402,1647,1671]" gridrow="29" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4F99BFA8EF95E" box="[127,1402,1647,1671]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4F99BFECCF95E" authorityName="ROSEN" authorityYear="1973" box="[127,312,1647,1671]" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aulopiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4F99BFECCF95E" bold="true" box="[127,312,1647,1671]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">AULOPIFORMES</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4F96CFA8EF969" box="[127,1402,1688,1712]" gridrow="30" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4F96CFA8EF969" box="[127,1402,1688,1712]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4F96CFEB5F969" box="[127,321,1688,1712]" family="Ichthyotringidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aulopiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4F96CFEB5F969" bold="true" box="[127,321,1688,1712]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Ichthyotringidae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4F937FA8EF904" box="[127,1402,1731,1757]" gridrow="31" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4F937FE23F904" box="[127,471,1731,1757]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4F931FE93F904" authorityName="? Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[127,359,1733,1757]" family="Ichthyotringidae" genus="Apateodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aulopiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crenellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4F931FE93F904" box="[127,359,1733,1757]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Apateodus crenellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
?
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FD85F937FCE4F904" box="[590,784,1731,1757]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">3</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC85F937FC4BF904" box="[846,959,1731,1757]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">0.14</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC36F937FB6CF904" box="[1021,1176,1731,1757]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FB2BF937FA8EF904" box="[1248,1402,1731,1757]" gridcol="4" gridrow="31" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">No</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4F91BFA8EF8DE" box="[127,1402,1775,1799]" gridrow="32" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4F91BFA8EF8DE" box="[127,1402,1775,1799]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4F91BFEEFF8DE" box="[127,283,1775,1799]" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4F91BFEEFF8DE" bold="true" box="[127,283,1775,1799]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">GADIFORMES</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4F8E3FA8EF8F6" box="[127,1402,1815,1839]" gridrow="33" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4F8E3FA8EF8F6" box="[127,1402,1815,1839]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4F8E3FEE2F8F6" authorityName="RAFINESQUE" authorityYear="1815" box="[127,278,1815,1839]" family="Merlucciidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4F8E3FEE2F8F6" bold="true" box="[127,278,1815,1839]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Merlucciidae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4F8CAFA8EF88E" box="[127,1402,1854,1879]" gridrow="34" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4F8CAFE23F88E" box="[127,471,1854,1879]" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4F8CBFEB7F88E" authority="Stringer & Sloan, 2023" authorityName="Stringer & Sloan" authorityYear="2023" box="[127,323,1854,1879]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="belli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4F8CBFEF1F88E" box="[127,261,1855,1879]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Palaeogadus</emphasis>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FEDDF8CBFEB7F88E" box="[278,323,1855,1879]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">belli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8AA157F42568FF92FE83F8CBFE6CF88F" box="[328,408,1855,1878]" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FD85F8CAFCE4F88E" box="[590,784,1854,1879]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">148</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC85F8CAFC4BF88E" box="[846,959,1854,1879]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">7.02</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC36F8CAFB6CF88E" box="[1021,1176,1854,1879]" gridcol="3" gridrow="34" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">No</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FB2BF8CAFA8EF88E" box="[1248,1402,1854,1879]" gridcol="4" gridrow="34" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">No</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="1DD634DF25680065FFB4F89CFA8EF858" box="[127,1402,1896,1921]" gridrow="35" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<th id="5E075DA325680065FFB4F89CFE23F858" box="[127,471,1896,1921]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FFB4F89DFEF1F858" authorityName="RATH" authorityYear="1859" box="[127,261,1897,1921]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FFB4F89DFEF1F858" box="[127,261,1897,1921]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">Palaeogadus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
cf.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2568FF92FEE2F89DFE78F858" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[297,396,1897,1921]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="weltoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2568FF92FEE2F89DFE78F858" box="[297,396,1897,1921]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">P. weltoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FD85F89CFCE4F858" box="[590,784,1896,1921]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">1</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC85F89CFC4BF858" box="[846,959,1896,1921]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">0.05</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FC36F89CFB6CF858" box="[1021,1176,1896,1921]" gridcol="3" gridrow="35" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">B</td>
|
||||
<td id="5E075DA325680065FB2BF89CFA8EF858" box="[1248,1402,1896,1921]" gridcol="4" gridrow="35" pageId="8" pageNumber="7">No</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="F79966152569FF93FF53FF36FA53FEF0" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" startId="9.[152,216,194,218]" targetType="table">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2569FF93FF53FF36FA53FEF0" blockId="9.[152,1478,193,325]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2569FF93FF53FF36FE76FF00" bold="true" box="[152,386,193,218]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Table 1 (continued).</emphasis>
|
||||
Taxa from the Arkadelphia Formation (Cabot locality, Arkansas, USA) with number of specimens, percentage of total, and occurrences in the Cretaceous and Paleocene of North America. Letters in third and fourth columns refer to the following references:
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2569FF93FE35FF03FDFBFED6" bold="true" box="[510,527,247,271]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">A</emphasis>
|
||||
=Stringer et al. (2020);
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2569FF93FCC0FF03FCEFFED6" bold="true" box="[779,795,247,271]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">B</emphasis>
|
||||
=
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2569FF93FCE1FF03FB56FED6" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" box="[810,1186,247,271]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2569FF93FB66FF03FB48FED6" bold="true" box="[1197,1212,247,271]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">C</emphasis>
|
||||
=
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2569FF93FB01FF03FF07FEF3" author="Schwarzhans, W. & R. Huddleston & G. Takeuchi" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="45 - 72" refId="ref30188" refString="Schwarzhans, W., R. Huddleston, and G. Takeuchi. 2018 b. A Late Santonian fish-fauna from the Eutaw Formation of Alabama reconstructed from otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 124 (1): 45 - 72." type="journal article" year="2018">Schwarzhans et al. (2018b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2569FF93FF35FEE6FEE4FEF3" bold="true" box="[254,272,274,298]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">D</emphasis>
|
||||
=
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2569FF93FED6FEE6FDE1FEF3" author="Hoganson, J. & J. Erickson & F. Holland" box="[285,533,274,298]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 94" refId="ref26498" refString="Hoganson, J., J. Erickson, and F. Holland. 2019. Chondrichthyan and osteichthyan paleofaunas from the Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian) Fox Hills Formation of North Dakota, USA: Paleoecology, Paleogeography, and Extinction. Bulletins of American Paleontology 398: 1 - 94." type="journal article" year="2019">Hoganson et al. (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2569FF93FDD4FEE6FDDAFEF3" bold="true" box="[543,558,274,298]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">E</emphasis>
|
||||
=Stringer et al. (2018);
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2569FF93FCE1FEE6FCCCFEF3" bold="true" box="[810,824,274,298]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">F</emphasis>
|
||||
=
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2569FF93FC8DFEE6FBD3FEF3" author="Schwarzhans, W." box="[838,1063,273,298]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="787 - 793" refId="ref29555" refString="Schwarzhans, W. 1985. Fish otoliths from the lower Tertiary of Ellesmere Island. Canadian Journal of Earth Science 23: 787 - 793." type="journal article" year="1985">Schwarzhans (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2569FF93FBF9FEE5FBB6FEF0" bold="true" box="[1074,1090,273,297]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">G</emphasis>
|
||||
=
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2569FF93FB9BFEE6FB0AFEF3" author="Frizzell, D." box="[1104,1278,273,298]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="85 - 110" refId="ref25755" refString="Frizzell, D. 1965 a. Otolith-based genera and lineages of fossil bonefishes (Clupeiformes, Albulidae). Senckenbergiana Lethaea 46 (a): 85 - 110." type="journal article" year="1965">Frizzell (1965a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. References are
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2569FF93FF53FED9FB01F9A5" blockId="9.[152,1478,193,325]" lastBlockId="9.[832,1520,1423,1661]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
not inclusive but provide evidence of the range of the species in North America.
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2569FF93FC39FED8FAB5FE9D" bold="true" box="[1010,1345,300,324]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Order=FORMES, Family=idae</emphasis>
|
||||
assigned to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2569FF93FECFFA7BFDCCFA70" authority="indeterminate" authorityName="INDETERMINATE" box="[260,568,1423,1449]" family="Albulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Albulidae indeterminate</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. They are believed to be closely related to the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2569FF93FDDAFA45FD94FA14" box="[529,608,1457,1485]" family="Albulidae" genus="Albula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2569FF93FDDAFA45FD94FA14" box="[529,608,1457,1485]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Albula</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but this determination cannot be made with the existing specimens. The Arkadelphia Formation
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2569FF93FE0CFA0CFD07F9CB" authority="indeterminate" authorityName="INDETERMINATE" box="[455,755,1528,1554]" family="Albulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Albulidae indeterminate</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are very similar to the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2569FF93FEAFF9E8FD62F9EF" authority="indeterminate" authorityName="INDETERMINATE" box="[356,662,1564,1590]" family="Albulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Albulidae indeterminate</taxonomicName>
|
||||
illustrated in Stringer et al. (2020, fig. 4I–J) from the Ripley Forma- tion in northeastern
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2569FF93FEA4F996FE09F9A5" box="[367,509,1634,1660]" country="United States of America" name="Mississippi" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Mississippi</collectingRegion>
|
||||
. The otoliths are oval in shape (
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2569FF93FF00F970FEFAF979" box="[203,270,1668,1696]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">sensu</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2569FF93FEDFF971FE13F979" author="Smale, M. & G. Watson & T. Hecht" box="[276,487,1669,1696]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 253" refId="ref30467" refString="Smale, M., G. Watson, and T. Hecht. 1995. Otolith atlas of southern African marine fishes. Ichthyological Monographs of the J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 1: 1 - 253." type="journal article" year="1995">Smale et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and somewhat elongate (H/L ratios of around 50%). The margins are mainly smooth. The strongly convex inner face has a sulcus that is located primarily supramedially and opens onto the anterodorsal margin. It is difficult to discern the ostium and cauda juncture, but the cauda bends ventrally near its posterior. There is a wide, smooth ventral area with no ventral furrow. The outer face is essentially flat to slightly concave. The Arkadelphia Formation specimens appear to be different from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2569FF93FB4CFA45FB20FA14" box="[1159,1236,1457,1485]" family="Albulidae" genus="Albula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2569FF93FB4CFA45FB20FA14" box="[1159,1236,1457,1485]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Albula</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
cf.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2569FF93FB33FA45FC6DFA29" authority="(Frizzell, 1965 a)" baseAuthorityName="Frizzell" baseAuthorityYear="1965" family="Albulidae" genus="Albula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bashiana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2569FF93FB33FA45FA75FA14" box="[1272,1409,1457,1485]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">A. bashiana</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2569FF93FA5BFA46FC7AFA29" author="Frizzell, D." pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="85 - 110" refId="ref25755" refString="Frizzell, D. 1965 a. Otolith-based genera and lineages of fossil bonefishes (Clupeiformes, Albulidae). Senckenbergiana Lethaea 46 (a): 85 - 110." type="journal article" year="1965">Frizzell, 1965a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
reported from the Kemp Clay of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2569FF93FAD4FA22FA90FA29" box="[1311,1380,1494,1520]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||||
by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2569FF93FA40FA21FB51F9CA" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
in respect to the outline, depth of the cauda, and the down-turned portion of the cauda. The exact taxonomic position and relationship of this albulid is not known presently.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
188
data/2B/4F/87/2B4F878B256AFF90FF5FFBEBFA60FE69.xml
Normal file
188
data/2B/4F/87/2B4F878B256AFF90FF5FFBEBFA60FE69.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
|
|||
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<mods:title id="B61AEF317389656504D04C5B43BA215B">First Cretaceous teleostean otolith assemblage (Arkadelphia Formation, upper Maastrichtian) from Arkansas, USA, early Gadiformes, and the Western Interior Seaway</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B32B805E3AC58E03C1A00180E929D4A9">Sloan, James Carson</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="2B4F878B256AFF90FF5FFBEBFA60FE69" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F878B256AFF90FF5FFBEBFA60FE69" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B4F878B256AFF90FF5FFBEBFA60FE69" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
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<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256AFF90FF5FFBEBFE05FB8F" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A359369D256AFF90FF5FFBEBFD09FBEF" blockId="10.[148,765,958,1148]" box="[148,765,1054,1080]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
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<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256AFF90FF5FFBEBFEA1FBEF" box="[148,341,1054,1080]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Albulidae" genus="Genartina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undefined-1">
|
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FF5FFBEBFEEFFBE1" box="[148,283,1055,1080]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">GENARTINA</emphasis>
|
||||
SP. 1
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FEAEFBEBFE53FBE1" box="[357,423,1055,1080]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
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<collectionCode id="C5F7AE58256AFF90FEAEFBEBFE53FBE1" box="[357,423,1055,1080]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">SENSU</collectionCode>
|
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</emphasis>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE58256AFF90FE67FBEAFDA4FBEF" box="[428,592,1054,1078]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">SCHWARZHANS</collectionCode>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE58256AFF90FD9CFBEAFD71FBEF" box="[599,645,1054,1078]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">AND</collectionCode>
|
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<collectionCode id="C5F7AE58256AFF90FD41FBEAFD0CFBEF" box="[650,760,1054,1078]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">STRINGER</collectionCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256AFF90FE54FBCAFE05FB8F" blockId="10.[148,765,958,1148]" box="[415,497,1086,1110]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">2020a)</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256AFF90FE6BFB90FE04FBA2" box="[416,496,1123,1148]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256AFF90FE6BFB90FE04FBA2" blockId="10.[148,765,958,1148]" box="[416,496,1123,1148]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BDD2A18256AFF90FE6BFB90FE04FBA2" box="[416,496,1123,1148]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="12.[112,187,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[206,1426,197,1802]" captionTargetId="figure-115@12.[206,1426,197,1802]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 5. Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Length in mm. A. Elops sp., DMNH 2021-09-01, 1.89 mm. B. Albuliformes indeterminate, DMNH 2021-09-02, 1.42 mm. C. Elopothrissus sp. DMNH 2021-09-03, 1.83 mm. D. Genartina sp. DMNH 2021-09-04, 0.85 mm. E. Osmeroides sp. DMNH 2021-09-05, 3.85 mm. F. Anguilla? chickasawae Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020b), DMNH 2021-09-6, 1.90 mm. G. Echiophis aff. E. semisphaeroides Schwarzhans (2003), DMNH 2021-09-07, 3.25 mm. H. Muraenanguilla? sp. DMNH 2021-09-08, 2.18 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913428" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913428/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">FIG. 5D</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256AFF90FF5BFB61FD39FB76" box="[144,717,1173,1200]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256AFF90FF5BFB61FD39FB76" blockId="10.[112,801,1173,1939]" box="[144,717,1173,1200]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FF5BFB61FED4FB76" bold="true" box="[144,288,1173,1199]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Material—</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="138E3CC0256AFF90FED4FB62FD3DFB76" box="[287,713,1173,1200]" collectionCode="DMNH" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" specimenCode="DMNH 2021-09, 04" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5E0FD14256AFF90FED4FB62FE39FB76" box="[287,461,1173,1200]" count="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F3409EE6256AFF90FE13FB62FD6AFB76" box="[472,670,1173,1200]" collectionCode="DMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="Museum">
|
||||
DMNH
|
||||
<date id="D758105D256AFF90FDF9FB61FD39FB76" box="[562,717,1173,1199]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="2021-04-09">
|
||||
2021-09-
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F3409EE6256AFF90FD6CFB61FD3DFB76" box="[679,713,1173,1199]" collectionCode="DMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="Museum">04</specimenCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256AFF90FF5BFB4CFA60FE69" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256AFF90FF5BFB4CFA60FE69" blockId="10.[112,801,1173,1939]" lastBlockId="10.[832,1520,195,432]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FF5BFB4CFDFFFB0B" bold="true" box="[144,523,1208,1234]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Description and Remarks—</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5E0FD14256AFF90FD8EFB4DFD01FB0B" box="[581,757,1208,1235]" count="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||||
attributed to the fossil otolith-based
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256AFF90FDDFFB28FD7AFB21" authorityName="FRIZZELL AND DANTE" authorityYear="1965" box="[532,654,1244,1272]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Albulidae" genus="Genartina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FDDFFB28FD7AFB21" box="[532,654,1244,1272]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Genartina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256AFF90FFBBFB0BFED3FAC0" box="[112,295,1279,1307]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Albulidae" genus="Genartina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undefined-1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FFBBFB0BFF1FFAC2" box="[112,235,1279,1307]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Genartina</emphasis>
|
||||
sp. 1
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
reported and illustrated by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FDB0FB0BFE7EFAE5" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. The specimen is high-bodied, somewhat discoid in shape (
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FE29FAB0FDD2FAB9" box="[482,550,1348,1376]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">sensu</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FDE4FAB1FCFAFAB9" author="Smale, M. & G. Watson & T. Hecht" box="[559,782,1349,1376]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 253" refId="ref30467" refString="Smale, M., G. Watson, and T. Hecht. 1995. Otolith atlas of southern African marine fishes. Ichthyological Monographs of the J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 1: 1 - 253." type="journal article" year="1995">Smale et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), thin and flat, a gentle and deeply curved ventral margin, and a short, pointed rostrum (which is often broken). The sulcus is slightly dorsal with a much longer, tapering cauda and a somewhat oval ostium. The Arkadelphia specimen resembles
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256AFF90FEB6FA01FD2DF9C9" authority="(Stinton, 1965)" baseAuthorityName="Stinton" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[381,729,1524,1553]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Albulidae" genus="Genartina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abbatiae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FEB6FA01FDF8F9C9" box="[381,524,1524,1553]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">G. abbatiae</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FDEAFA01FD39F9C9" author="Stinton, F." box="[545,717,1525,1552]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="389 - 425" refId="ref30596" refString="Stinton, F. 1965. Teleost otoliths from the Lower London Tertiaries. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 46 (a): 389 - 425." type="journal article" year="1965">Stinton, 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the European Paleocene and early Eocene (see under “
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FFB7F9CEFEC6F98F" box="[124,306,1594,1622]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Harpadontina</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256AFF90FEF8F9C8FE4FF98F" baseAuthorityName="Stinton" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[307,443,1594,1622]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Albulidae" genus="Genartina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abbatiae">
|
||||
”
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FE82F9CEFE4FF98F" box="[329,443,1594,1622]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">abbatiae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FE27F9CFFD85F98F" author="Nolf, D." box="[492,625,1595,1622]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" refId="ref28362" refString="Nolf, D. 2013. The Diversity of Fish Otoliths, Past and Present. Operational Directorate " Earth and History of Life " of the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium. 581 pp." type="book" year="2013">Nolf 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, pl. 58). The specimen also somewhat resembles
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256AFF90FDE4F9ABFED9F945" authority="Dante and Frizzell (1965)" authorityName="Dante and Frizzell" authorityYear="1965" class="Actinopterygii" family="Albulidae" genus="Genartina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="texana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FDE4F9ABFD6AF9A0" box="[559,670,1629,1659]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">G. texana</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FD69F9ABFED9F945" author="Frizzell, D. & J. Dante" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="687 - 718" refId="ref25827" refString="Frizzell, D., and J. Dante. 1965. Otoliths of some early Cenozoic fishes of the Gulf Coast. Journal of Paleontology 39: 687 - 718." type="journal article" year="1965">Dante and Frizzell (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
described from the Eocene of the
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBF1760D256AFF90FD27F976FCD4F945" box="[748,800,1666,1692]" name="United States of America" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
Gulf Coastal Plain (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FEA3F951FD6AF919" author="Frizzell, D. & J. Dante" box="[360,670,1701,1728]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="687 - 718" refId="ref25827" refString="Frizzell, D., and J. Dante. 1965. Otoliths of some early Cenozoic fishes of the Gulf Coast. Journal of Paleontology 39: 687 - 718." type="journal article" year="1965">Frizzell and Dante 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020) noted that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256AFF90FD92F93DFD20F93C" authorityName="FRIZZELL AND DANTE" authorityYear="1965" box="[601,724,1737,1765]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Albulidae" genus="Genartina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FD92F93DFD20F93C" box="[601,724,1737,1765]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Genartina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has a relatively large stratigraphic range from Late Cretaceous (Santonian) to middle Eocene (Bartonian). Its taxonomic assignment has been greatly debated and included the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256AFF90FFBBF8A1FDEEF8A9" authority="Regan (1909)" authorityName="Regan" authorityYear="1909" box="[112,538,1877,1904]" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">
|
||||
Osteoglossiformes
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FEACF8A2FDEEF8A9" author="Regan, C. T." box="[359,538,1877,1904]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="75 - 86" refId="ref29097" refString="Regan, C. T. 1909. The classification of teleostean fishes. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Ser. 8, 3: 75 - 86." type="journal article" year="1909">Regan (1909)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FDFBF8A1FF44F84A" author="Frizzell, D. & J. Dante" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="687 - 718" refId="ref25827" refString="Frizzell, D., and J. Dante. 1965. Otoliths of some early Cenozoic fishes of the Gulf Coast. Journal of Paleontology 39: 687 - 718." type="journal article" year="1965">Frizzell and Dante 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256AFF90FF0EF88CFE1AF84A" authority="Forey (1973)" authorityName="Forey" authorityYear="1973" box="[197,494,1912,1939]" family="Osmeridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osmeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
|
||||
Osmeridae
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FE84F88DFE1AF84A" author="Forey, P. L." box="[335,494,1912,1939]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" refId="ref25475" refString="Forey, P. L. 1973. Relationships of elopomorphs. Pp. 351 - 368 in P. H. Greenwood, R. S. Miles, and C. Patterson (eds.). Interrelationships of Fishes, Academic Press, London." type="book" year="1973">Forey(1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FE35F88CFD81F84A" author="Nolf, D." box="[510,629,1912,1939]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" refId="ref28212" refString="Nolf, D. 1985. Otolithi Piscium. Pp. 1 - 145 in H. Schultze (ed.). Handbook of Paleoichthyology, 10, Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, Germany and New York, United States." type="book" year="1985">Nolf1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256AFF90FD41F88CFCD4F84B" box="[650,800,1912,1938]" kingdom="Animalia" order="Elopiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Elopiformes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(including
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256AFF90FC0CFF37FB98FF07" box="[967,1132,195,222]" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Albuliformes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FB51FF37FA66FF04" author="Schwarzhans, W." box="[1178,1426,195,221]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 94" refId="ref29703" refString="Schwarzhans, W. 2003. Fish otoliths from the Paleocene of Denmark. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 2: 1 - 94." type="journal article" year="2003">Schwarzhans (2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FA55FF37FA2BFF04" author="Schwarzhans, W." box="[1438,1503,195,221]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 88" refId="ref29761" refString="Schwarzhans, W. 2012. Fish otoliths from the Paleocene of Bavaria (Kressenberg) and Austria (Kroisbach and Oiching-Graben). Palaeo Ichthyologica 12: 1 - 88." type="journal article" year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256AFF90FC8BFF12FB36FED8" authority="Bleeker (1875)" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1875" box="[832,1218,230,257]" family="Harpodontidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aulopiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
|
||||
Harpodontidae
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FBCFFF12FB36FED8" author="Bleeker, P." box="[1028,1218,230,257]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 104" refId="ref23909" refString="Bleeker, P. 1875. Poissons de Madagascar et de l'ile de la Reunion des collections de MM. Pollen et van Dam. p. 1 - 104. In P. Bleeker and F. Pollen (eds.) Recherches sur la faune de Madagascar et de ses dependances, d'apres les decouvertes de FranCois P. L. Pollen et D. C. van Dam. 4 me partie. Poissons et peches. E. J. Brill, Leyde." type="book chapter" year="1875">Bleeker (1875)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FB1FFF12FAA4FED9" author="Nolf, D." box="[1236,1360,230,256]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" refId="ref28362" refString="Nolf, D. 2013. The Diversity of Fish Otoliths, Past and Present. Operational Directorate " Earth and History of Life " of the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium. 581 pp." type="book" year="2013">Nolf 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256AFF90FAACFF12FC0FFEFD" authority="Gill (1861)" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1861" family="Synodontidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aulopiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
|
||||
Synodontidae
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FCB8FEFDFC0FFEFD" author="Gill, T. N." box="[883,1019,265,292]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 63" refId="ref26001" refString="Gill, T. N. 1861. Catalogue of the fishes of the eastern coast of North America, from Greenland to Georgia. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 13: 1 - 63 (Supplement)." type="journal article" year="1861">Gill (1861)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FBC6FEFDFB0FFEFA" author="Stringer, G. & L. Oman & B. Badger" box="[1037,1275,265,292]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="15 - 36" refId="ref31192" refString="Stringer, G., L. Oman, and B. Badger. 2016. Woodbury Formation (Campanian) in New Jersey yields largest known otolith assemblage of teleostean fishes in North America. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 165: 15 - 36." type="journal article" year="2016">Stringer et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), and Stomiiformes Fink and Weitzmann (1982) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FB63FED8FA2BFE9F" author="Schwarzhans, W. & R. Huddleston & G. Takeuchi" box="[1192,1503,300,327]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="45 - 72" refId="ref30188" refString="Schwarzhans, W., R. Huddleston, and G. Takeuchi. 2018 b. A Late Santonian fish-fauna from the Eutaw Formation of Alabama reconstructed from otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 124 (1): 45 - 72." type="journal article" year="2018">Schwarzhans et al. 2018b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FC8BFEA4FB1DFEB3" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" box="[832,1257,336,362]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
proposed that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256AFF90FA55FEA4FC85FE54" authorityName="FRIZZELL AND DANTE" authorityYear="1965" class="Actinopterygii" family="Albulidae" genus="Genartina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FA55FEA4FC85FE54" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Genartina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
probably belongs to an extinct family and order of bony fishes and placed it after the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256AFF90FB20FE62FA64FE69" box="[1259,1424,406,432]" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Albuliformes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
119
data/2B/4F/87/2B4F878B256AFF91FC9CFAE0FD89FED9.xml
Normal file
119
data/2B/4F/87/2B4F878B256AFF91FC9CFAE0FD89FED9.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
|
|||
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<mods:title id="621A66FC5C7A8A848BA5C34FD11DC263">First Cretaceous teleostean otolith assemblage (Arkadelphia Formation, upper Maastrichtian) from Arkansas, USA, early Gadiformes, and the Western Interior Seaway</mods:title>
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|
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<mods:namePart id="99656645BABDD4A35D78FB4B4A41F6D7">Stringer, Gary L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="38B7DDBB2BE8E706A30F9D5C33F9E8C3">Sloan, James Carson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:detail id="342C88BE2C74CD67182642DEDA2AF2E2" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="D75103EB45EF13D4BC1D914B51913E15">1994</mods:number>
|
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<mods:classification id="75F2B9EB4175FEDBC01631AEC8434C14">journal article</mods:classification>
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|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256AFF90FC9CFAE0FA22FAF5" authority="SCHWARZHANS AND STRINGER" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[855,1494,1300,1325]" family="Anguillidae" genus="Anguilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chickasawae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FC9CFAE0FB70FAF4" box="[855,1156,1300,1325]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">ANGUILLA? CHICKASAWAE</emphasis>
|
||||
SCHWARZHANS AND STRINGER
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256AFF90FBBFFAC0FB48FA92" blockId="10.[855,1498,1236,1393]" box="[1140,1212,1332,1356]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">2020a</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256AFF90FBB9FAADFB4BFAA8" box="[1138,1215,1369,1393]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256AFF90FBB9FAADFB4BFAA8" blockId="10.[855,1498,1236,1393]" box="[1138,1215,1369,1393]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BDD2A18256AFF90FBB9FAADFB4BFAA8" box="[1138,1215,1369,1393]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="12.[112,187,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[206,1426,197,1802]" captionTargetId="figure-115@12.[206,1426,197,1802]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 5. Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Length in mm. A. Elops sp., DMNH 2021-09-01, 1.89 mm. B. Albuliformes indeterminate, DMNH 2021-09-02, 1.42 mm. C. Elopothrissus sp. DMNH 2021-09-03, 1.83 mm. D. Genartina sp. DMNH 2021-09-04, 0.85 mm. E. Osmeroides sp. DMNH 2021-09-05, 3.85 mm. F. Anguilla? chickasawae Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020b), DMNH 2021-09-6, 1.90 mm. G. Echiophis aff. E. semisphaeroides Schwarzhans (2003), DMNH 2021-09-07, 3.25 mm. H. Muraenanguilla? sp. DMNH 2021-09-08, 2.18 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913428" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913428/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">FIG. 5F</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256AFF90FCABFA7EFC3FFA1E" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256AFF90FCABFA7EFC3FFA1E" blockId="10.[832,1521,1418,1938]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FCABFA7EFC04FA7D" bold="true" box="[864,1008,1418,1444]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Material—</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="138E3CC0256AFF90FC3BFA7EFC33FA1E" collectionCode="DMNH" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" specimenCode="DMNH 2021-09, 6" specimenCount="6">
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5E0FD14256AFF90FC3BFA7EFB57FA7D" box="[1008,1187,1418,1444]" count="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="generic">six specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
, specimen figured,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F3409EE6256AFF90FA56FA7FFC5BFA1E" collectionCode="DMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="Museum">
|
||||
DMNH
|
||||
<date id="D758105D256AFF90FC8BFA59FC3FFA1E" box="[832,971,1453,1479]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="2021-06-09">
|
||||
2021-09-
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F3409EE6256AFF90FC7CFA59FC33FA1E" box="[951,967,1453,1479]" collectionCode="DMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="Museum">6</specimenCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256AFF91FCABFA24FD89FED9" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256AFF91FCABFA24FD89FED9" blockId="10.[832,1521,1418,1938]" lastBlockId="11.[112,800,195,257]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FCABFA24FB23FA32" bold="true" box="[864,1239,1488,1515]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Description and Remarks—</emphasis>
|
||||
Distinguishing characteristics of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256AFF90FC1BFA00FB13F9D6" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[976,1255,1523,1552]" family="Anguillidae" genus="Anguilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chickasawae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FC1BFA00FBC3F9C9" box="[976,1079,1524,1552]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Anguilla</emphasis>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FB87FA07FB13F9D6" box="[1100,1255,1523,1551]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">chickasawae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
include a somewhat oval to ovate shape in well preserved specimens (
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FA66F9E2FA04F9EB" box="[1453,1520,1558,1586]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">sensu</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FC8BF9CEFBD6F98C" author="Smale, M. & G. Watson & T. Hecht" box="[832,1058,1594,1621]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 253" refId="ref30467" refString="Smale, M., G. Watson, and T. Hecht. 1995. Otolith atlas of southern African marine fishes. Ichthyological Monographs of the J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 1: 1 - 253." type="journal article" year="1995">Smale et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) with a H/L ratio of approximately 66%, a convex inner face, a narrow, almost horizontal sulcus with a poorly-defined ostium and cauda. The posterior margin is commonly almost vertical. Stringer et al. (2020, fig. 5A–E) originally described
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256AFF90FAA7F932FC7AF8DC" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" family="Anguillidae" genus="Anguilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chickasawae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FAA7F932FA77F93B" box="[1388,1411,1734,1762]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">A.</emphasis>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FA53F932FC7AF8DC" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">chickasawae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the Ripley Formation (Maastrichtian) of Mississippi.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256AFF90FC14F8FAFB08F8F1" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[991,1276,1804,1834]" family="Anguillidae" genus="Anguilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chickasawae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FC14F8FAFBBCF8F3" box="[991,1096,1806,1834]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Anguilla</emphasis>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FB95F8F8FB08F8F1" box="[1118,1276,1804,1832]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">chickasawae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs from other Late Cretaceous or Paleogene anguillid otoliths by its much longer ostium.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FB89F8A0FA04F8B7" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" box="[1090,1520,1876,1902]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
postulated that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256AFF90FBCFF882FB3DF84B" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[1028,1225,1910,1938]" family="Anguillidae" genus="Anguilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chickasawae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FBCFF882FBEFF84B" box="[1028,1051,1910,1938]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">A.</emphasis>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FBE5F882FB3DF84B" box="[1070,1225,1910,1938]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">chickasawae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
could represent a fossil genus of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256BFF91FEC0FF37FE6DFF04" authorityName="RAFINESQUE" authorityYear="1810" box="[267,409,195,221]" family="Anguillidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Anguillidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or a closely related fossil family of which otoliths are not known presently.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
106
data/2B/4F/87/2B4F878B256BFF91FC8DFD6FFA3AFA15.xml
Normal file
106
data/2B/4F/87/2B4F878B256BFF91FC8DFD6FFA3AFA15.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
|
|||
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<mods:titleInfo id="89C0D239DECEDAC113D332155F56D144">
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<mods:title id="A6FB8C279366008DA842BD08BF0412E4">First Cretaceous teleostean otolith assemblage (Arkadelphia Formation, upper Maastrichtian) from Arkansas, USA, early Gadiformes, and the Western Interior Seaway</mods:title>
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|
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<mods:namePart id="037AAF202B8C7DFFEFAF4718614A03CA">Stringer, Gary L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="50F38A217D1D107D8DACF5C10F287DFB">Sloan, James Carson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="37B718B9804AFDE8F612FCD6583CBB62">PaleoBios</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="0B1A969E4FFBF93CC717B65187D52FC1">
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<mods:date id="599581CE43B1355F50EE64F672E44F45">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="AA56BF40BFBD408A6FA287D39D6835BB" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="A8E408DA63D016350C61631DACC168D8">2023-12-31</mods:number>
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|
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<mods:detail id="F3D94C99BBE3AA035A8D1418AA7CE2AB" type="issue">
|
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<mods:number id="1F09FF3BB6B79399850CEACE28EE176F">1994</mods:number>
|
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|
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<mods:classification id="4934CD2D3BAED93DD1FD28CE404F3DA1">journal article</mods:classification>
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|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
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<treatment id="2B4F878B256BFF91FC8DFD6FFA3AFA15" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F878B256BFF91FC8DFD6FFA3AFA15" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B4F878B256BFF91FC8DFD6FFA3AFA15" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256BFF91FC8DFD6FFA1FFD6A" box="[838,1515,667,692]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256BFF91FC8DFD6FFA1FFD6A" blockId="11.[838,1515,571,729]" box="[838,1515,667,692]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256BFF91FC8DFD6FFA63FD6A" authority="SCHWARZHANS AND STRINGER" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[838,1431,667,692]" genus="Kokenichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="navis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256BFF91FC8DFD6FFBB1FD6D" box="[838,1093,667,692]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">KOKENICHTHYS NAVIS</emphasis>
|
||||
SCHWARZHANS AND STRINGER
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 2020b
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256BFF91FBBAFD35FB4BFD01" box="[1137,1215,704,729]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256BFF91FBBAFD35FB4BFD01" blockId="11.[838,1515,571,729]" box="[1137,1215,704,729]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BDD2A18256BFF91FBBAFD35FB4BFD01" box="[1137,1215,704,729]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="14.[114,189,1783,1807]" captionTargetBox="[224,1413,195,1759]" captionTargetId="figure-14@14.[224,1413,195,1759]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 6. Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Length in mm. A. Kokenichthys navis Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020b), DMNH 2021-09-9, 4.10 mm. B. Clupeiform? indeterminate DMNH 2021-09-10, 1.42 mm. C. Arius subtilis Schwarzhans and Bratishko (2011), DMNH 2021-09-11, 4.61 mm. D. Vorhisia vulpes Frizzell (1965b), DMNH 2021-09-13, 2.49 mm. E. Vorhisia vulpes Frizzell (1965b), DMNH 2021-09-14, 3.06 mm. F. Vorhisia vulpes Frizzell (1965b), DMNH 2021-09-15, 3.99 mm. G. Vorhisia vulpes Frizzell (1965b), DMNH 2021-09-16, 7.98 mm. H. Vorhisia vulpes Frizzell (1965b), DMNH 2021-09-12, 19.36 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913430" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913430/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">FIG. 6A</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256BFF91FCABFD05FAFDFCF6" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256BFF91FCABFD05FAFDFCF6" blockId="11.[832,1520,753,1484]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256BFF91FCABFD05FC06FCD2" bold="true" box="[864,1010,753,779]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Material—</emphasis>
|
||||
two eroded, but diagnostic, specimens, specimen figured,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE58256BFF91FBEFFCE2FB83FCE9" box="[1060,1143,790,816]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">DMNH</collectionCode>
|
||||
<date id="D758105D256BFF91FBB5FCE1FAFDFCF6" box="[1150,1289,789,815]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" value="2021-09-09">2021-09-9.</date>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256BFF91FCABFCCCFA3AFA15" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256BFF91FCABFCCCFA3AFA15" blockId="11.[832,1520,753,1484]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256BFF91FCABFCCCFB3BFC8B" bold="true" box="[864,1231,824,850]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Description and Remarks—</emphasis>
|
||||
The sagitta of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256BFF91FAB3FCC3FC4FFCAF" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" genus="Kokenichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="navis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256BFF91FAB3FCC3FC4FFCAF" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Kokenichthys navis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has several diagnostic features including its very unusual sulcus, which is located almost entirely dorsally. The shape is mainly oval (
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256BFF91FAC7FC54FAA4FC65" box="[1292,1360,928,956]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">sensu</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256BFF91FA91FC56FC75FC39" author="Smale, M. & G. Watson & T. Hecht" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 253" refId="ref30467" refString="Smale, M., G. Watson, and T. Hecht. 1995. Otolith atlas of southern African marine fishes. Ichthyological Monographs of the J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 1: 1 - 253." type="journal article" year="1995">Smale et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) with smooth margins. The ventral margins are fairly sharp, and there is a rostrum. The convex inner face has a broad sulcus that appears very shallow and easily eroded. Other specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256BFF91FB31FBD9FAAFFB90" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[1274,1371,1069,1097]" genus="Kokenichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="navis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256BFF91FB31FBD9FAAFFB90" box="[1274,1371,1069,1097]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">K. navis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
show similar erosion (see fig. 6 A in Stringer et al. 2020, on the specimens from the Ripley and Owl Creek formations of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F256BFF91FC8BFB6CFC3BFB6A" box="[832,975,1176,1203]" country="United States of America" name="Mississippi" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Mississippi</collectingRegion>
|
||||
). However, the other specimens in Stringer et al. (2020, fig. 6C–F) are much better preserved, and the ostial and caudal regions are clearly visible. In addition to the Arkadelphia Formation in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F256BFF91FB63FAF6FAEFFAC5" box="[1192,1307,1282,1308]" country="United States of America" name="Arkansas" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Arkansas</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256BFF91FAEFFAF4FA89FAC5" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[1316,1405,1280,1308]" genus="Kokenichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="navis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256BFF91FAEFFAF4FA89FAC5" box="[1316,1405,1280,1308]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">K.navis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is known from the Ripley Formation in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F256BFF91FB77FAD1FABCFAE6" box="[1212,1352,1317,1343]" country="United States of America" name="Mississippi" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Mississippi</collectingRegion>
|
||||
and possibly in the Tar Heel Formation in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F256BFF91FB72FABCFA81FABB" box="[1209,1397,1352,1378]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(Stringer et al. 2018). The species is very abundant in the Ripley Formation at the Blue Springs locality in northeastern
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F256BFF91FC8BFA46FC38FA15" box="[832,972,1458,1484]" country="United States of America" name="Mississippi" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Mississippi</collectingRegion>
|
||||
with
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5E0FD14256BFF91FBDAFA46FB48FA15" box="[1041,1212,1458,1484]" count="69" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" type="generic">69 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
(Stringer et al. 2020).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
109
data/2B/4F/87/2B4F878B256BFF91FE89FA4AFC66FDC3.xml
Normal file
109
data/2B/4F/87/2B4F878B256BFF91FE89FA4AFC66FDC3.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
|
|||
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<mods:title id="D3901FB94E161BAFAF914D2E5B73AD71">First Cretaceous teleostean otolith assemblage (Arkadelphia Formation, upper Maastrichtian) from Arkansas, USA, early Gadiformes, and the Western Interior Seaway</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256BFF91FE89FA4AFDEAFA0E" authority="SP." authorityName="SCHWARZHANS" authorityYear="2019" box="[322,542,1470,1495]" genus="Muraenanguilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F256BFF91FE89FA4AFDEAFA0E" box="[322,542,1470,1495]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">MURAENANGUILLA</emphasis>
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SP.
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<figureCitation id="3BDD2A18256BFF91FE6BFA17FE04FA23" box="[416,496,1506,1531]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="12.[112,187,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[206,1426,197,1802]" captionTargetId="figure-115@12.[206,1426,197,1802]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 5. Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Length in mm. A. Elops sp., DMNH 2021-09-01, 1.89 mm. B. Albuliformes indeterminate, DMNH 2021-09-02, 1.42 mm. C. Elopothrissus sp. DMNH 2021-09-03, 1.83 mm. D. Genartina sp. DMNH 2021-09-04, 0.85 mm. E. Osmeroides sp. DMNH 2021-09-05, 3.85 mm. F. Anguilla? chickasawae Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020b), DMNH 2021-09-6, 1.90 mm. G. Echiophis aff. E. semisphaeroides Schwarzhans (2003), DMNH 2021-09-07, 3.25 mm. H. Muraenanguilla? sp. DMNH 2021-09-08, 2.18 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913428" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913428/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">FIG. 5H</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A359369D256BFF91FF5BF9E0FE38F988" blockId="11.[112,801,1556,1936]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F256BFF91FF5BF9E0FED5F9F7" bold="true" box="[144,289,1556,1582]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Material—</emphasis>
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two worn, broken specimens, specimen figured,
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||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE58256BFF91FF1DF9CCFEDDF98B" box="[214,297,1592,1618]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">DMNH</collectionCode>
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<date id="D758105D256BFF91FEFBF9C3FE38F988" box="[304,460,1591,1617]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" value="2021-08-09">2021-09-08.</date>
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F256BFF91FF5BF9AEFDE4F9AD" bold="true" box="[144,528,1626,1652]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Description and Remarks—</emphasis>
|
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The
|
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F256BFF91FD80F9AFFCE7F9AE" box="[587,787,1627,1655]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Muraenanguilla</emphasis>
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? specimens from the Arkadelphia Formation are oval in shape (
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F256BFF91FF06F96BFEE4F962" box="[205,272,1695,1723]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">sensu</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256BFF91FED3F955FE04F965" author="Smale, M. & G. Watson & T. Hecht" box="[280,496,1697,1724]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 253" refId="ref30467" refString="Smale, M., G. Watson, and T. Hecht. 1995. Otolith atlas of southern African marine fishes. Ichthyological Monographs of the J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 1: 1 - 253." type="journal article" year="1995">Smale et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) with a H/L ratio of approximately 66%. The convex inner face has a fairly deep, moderately narrow sulcus. It is difficult to differentiate the ostium and cauda. The dorsal margin tends to be irregularly curved, while the ventral margin appears to be smooth and regularly curved. These specimens resemble
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256BFF91FF27F880FBE2FF04" authority="Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020 b)" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[236,1046,195,1936]" genus="Muraenanguilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unionensis">
|
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F256BFF91FF27F880FDCEF856" box="[236,570,1907,1936]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Muraenanguilla unionensis</emphasis>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256BFF91FD8FF880FBE2FF04" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" box="[580,1046,195,1934]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" pagination="111 - 155" refId="ref30115" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 b. In Stringer, G., W. Schwarzhans, G. Phillips, and R. Lambert. 2020. Highly diversified Late Cretaceous fish assemblage revealed by otoliths (Ripley For- mation and Owl Creek Formation, northeast Mississippi, USA). Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (1): 111 - 155." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020b)</bibRefCitation>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which is known from the Ripley and Owl Creek formations (Maastrichtian) of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F256BFF91FAABFF12FA1BFED9" box="[1376,1519,230,256]" country="United States of America" name="Mississippi" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Mississippi</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(Stringer et al. 2020). Unfortunately, the specimens are not preserved well enough to make any definitive identification. The genus is also known from the Paleogene of Europe (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256BFF91FC62FE87FB64FE54" author="Schwarzhans, W." box="[937,1168,371,397]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" pagination="327 - 354" refId="ref29825" refString="Schwarzhans, W. 2019. A comparative morphological study of Recent otoliths of the Congridae, Muraenesocidae, Nettastomatidae and Colocongridae (Anguilliformes). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo di Storia Naturale di Milano 46: 327 - 354." type="journal article" year="2019">Schwarzhans 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), the Upper Cretaceous Coon Creek
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C5D883F256BFF91FC5BFE63FC33FE68" box="[912,967,407,433]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F256BFF91FB98FE63FB21FE68" box="[1107,1237,407,433]" country="United States of America" name="Tennessee" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256BFF91FB22FE62FA5CFE69" author="Stringer, G." box="[1257,1448,406,432]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" pagination="78 - 95" refId="ref30761" refString="Stringer, G. 2016 b. Late Cretaceous actinopterygians represented by otoliths from the Cook Creek Site in southwest Tennessee. Pp. 78 - 95 In D. Ehret, T. Harrell, and S. Ebersole (eds.). The Paleontology of the Cretaceous Coon Creek Formation (Volume 2). Alabama Museum of Natural History Bulletin 33: 78 - 95." type="journal article" year="2016">Stringer 2016b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), and the upper Maastrichtian Severn Formation in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F256BFF91FAB3FE4DFA04FE0A" box="[1400,1520,441,467]" country="United States of America" name="Maryland" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Maryland</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256BFF91FC80FE28FB52FE2E" author="Huddleston, R. & K. Savoie" box="[843,1190,476,503]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" pagination="658 - 663" refId="ref26551" refString="Huddleston, R., and K. Savoie. 1983. Teleostean otoliths from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian age) Severn Formation of Maryland. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 96: 658 - 663." type="journal article" year="1983">Huddleston and Savoie 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256BFF91FB7AFE28FC75FDC3" author="Stringer, G. & W. Schwarzhans" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" pagination="104867" refId="ref31141" refString="Stringer, G., and W. Schwarzhans. 2021. Upper Cretaceous teleosteans otoliths from the Severn Formation (Maastrichtian) of Maryland, USA, with an unusual occurrence of Silurifomes and Beryciformes and the oldest Atlantic coast Gadiformes. Cretaceous Research 125 (2021) 104867." type="journal article" year="2021">Stringer and Schwarzhans 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
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</paragraph>
|
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121
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AFF.
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<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256BFF91FE86FEAEFDB7FEAD" authorityName="Schwarzhans" authorityYear="2003" box="[333,579,346,372]" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Echiophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semisphaeroides">
|
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F256BFF91FE86FEAEFDB7FEAD" box="[333,579,346,372]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">E. SEMISPHAEROIDES</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256BFF91FD98FEAFFD0AFEAA" author="Schwarzhans, W." box="[595,766,347,371]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 94" refId="ref29703" refString="Schwarzhans, W. 2003. Fish otoliths from the Paleocene of Denmark. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 2: 1 - 94." type="journal article" year="2003">SCHWARZHANS,</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="A359369D256BFF91FE6EFE8FFE1EFE4A" blockId="11.[147,766,283,441]" box="[421,490,379,403]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">2003)</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256BFF91FE6AFE55FE1BFE61" box="[417,495,416,441]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A359369D256BFF91FE6AFE55FE1BFE61" blockId="11.[147,766,283,441]" box="[417,495,416,441]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">
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<figureCitation id="3BDD2A18256BFF91FE6AFE55FE1BFE61" box="[417,495,416,441]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="12.[112,187,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[206,1426,197,1802]" captionTargetId="figure-115@12.[206,1426,197,1802]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 5. Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Length in mm. A. Elops sp., DMNH 2021-09-01, 1.89 mm. B. Albuliformes indeterminate, DMNH 2021-09-02, 1.42 mm. C. Elopothrissus sp. DMNH 2021-09-03, 1.83 mm. D. Genartina sp. DMNH 2021-09-04, 0.85 mm. E. Osmeroides sp. DMNH 2021-09-05, 3.85 mm. F. Anguilla? chickasawae Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020b), DMNH 2021-09-6, 1.90 mm. G. Echiophis aff. E. semisphaeroides Schwarzhans (2003), DMNH 2021-09-07, 3.25 mm. H. Muraenanguilla? sp. DMNH 2021-09-08, 2.18 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913428" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913428/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">FIG. 5G</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F256BFF91FF5BFE25FED4FE32" bold="true" box="[144,288,465,491]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Material—</emphasis>
|
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<materialsCitation id="138E3CC0256BFF91FEEBFE26FEF3FDD6" collectionCode="DMNH" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" specimenCode="DMNH 2021-09, 07" specimenCount="11">
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<specimenCount id="B5E0FD14256BFF91FEEBFE26FE25FE35" box="[288,465,466,492]" count="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" type="generic">11 specimens</specimenCount>
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, specimen figured,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F3409EE6256BFF91FD07FE26FF2AFDD6" collectionCode="DMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">
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DMNH
|
||||
<date id="D758105D256BFF91FFBBFE01FEF8FDD6" box="[112,268,501,527]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" value="2021-07-09">
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2021-09-
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F3409EE6256BFF91FF2DFE01FEF3FDD6" box="[230,263,501,527]" collectionCode="DMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">07</specimenCode>
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.
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F256BFF91FF5BFDECFDFDFDEB" bold="true" box="[144,521,536,562]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Description and Remarks—</emphasis>
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These otoliths tend to be primarily circular in shape (
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F256BFF91FE3AFDCEFDC0FD8F" box="[497,564,570,598]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">sensu</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256BFF91FDF0FDCFFCFBFD8F" author="Smale, M. & G. Watson & T. Hecht" box="[571,783,571,598]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 253" refId="ref30467" refString="Smale, M., G. Watson, and T. Hecht. 1995. Otolith atlas of southern African marine fishes. Ichthyological Monographs of the J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 1: 1 - 253." type="journal article" year="1995">Smale et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The nearly straight to slightly outwardly curved posterodorsal margin produces a discernible angle. The otolith is thick with mainly smooth margins. The inner face is strongly convex and smooth with a deep sulcus. The sulcus has a long, narrow, and deep cauda, while the ostium is much shorter and shallower. The outer face is flat and relatively smooth.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256BFF91FE67FCC6FD53FC95" author="Schwarzhans, W." box="[428,679,818,844]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 94" refId="ref29703" refString="Schwarzhans, W. 2003. Fish otoliths from the Paleocene of Denmark. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 2: 1 - 94." type="journal article" year="2003">Schwarzhans(2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
originally classified
|
||||
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|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256BFF91FF3BFCA0FDCFFCA9" box="[240,571,852,880]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Echiophis semisphaeroides</emphasis>
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||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the family
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256BFF91FD38FCA1FF2AFC4B" authorityName="RAFINESQUE" authorityYear="1810" family="Anguillidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Anguillidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. However,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256BFF91FEAFFC8CFD9CFC4A" author="Schwarzhans, W." box="[356,616,888,915]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" pagination="327 - 354" refId="ref29825" refString="Schwarzhans, W. 2019. A comparative morphological study of Recent otoliths of the Congridae, Muraenesocidae, Nettastomatidae and Colocongridae (Anguilliformes). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo di Storia Naturale di Milano 46: 327 - 354." type="journal article" year="2019">Schwarzhans (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
illustrated the modern
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256BFF91FF10FC6EFCD4FC6C" authority="Castro-Aguirre and Suarez" authorityName="Castro-Aguirre and Suarez" box="[219,800,922,950]" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Echiophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brunneus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256BFF91FF10FC6EFE38FC6F" box="[219,460,922,950]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Echiophis brunneus</emphasis>
|
||||
Castro-Aguirre and Suárez
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
de los Cobos (1983), and examination of the specimen has shown a great similarity in convexity and smoothness of the inner face as well as the shape and depth of the sulcus. There are three extant species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256BFF91FD60FBD3FCD4FB9A" authorityName="KAUP" authorityYear="1856" box="[683,800,1063,1091]" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Echiophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256BFF91FD60FBD3FCD4FB9A" box="[683,800,1063,1091]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Echiophis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
known from tropical and subtropical America. Modern ophichthid otoliths illustrate significant variability and are still not understood well. In fact, it is often difficult to assign fossil otoliths to genera with very much confidence. However,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256BFF91FE97FB2CFCD4FB2A" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" box="[348,800,1240,1267]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
believed that the similarity was significant compared to other known anguilliform otoliths and changed the species to the family
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256BFF91FEBFFAB6FDEBFA85" authorityName="RAFINESQUE" authorityYear="1815" box="[372,543,1346,1372]" family="Ophichthidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Ophichthidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
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84
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? INDETERMINATE
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||||
<figureCitation id="3BDD2A18256BFF91FBBAF9BAFB4BF9BF" box="[1137,1215,1614,1638]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="14.[114,189,1783,1807]" captionTargetBox="[224,1413,195,1759]" captionTargetId="figure-14@14.[224,1413,195,1759]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 6. Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Length in mm. A. Kokenichthys navis Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020b), DMNH 2021-09-9, 4.10 mm. B. Clupeiform? indeterminate DMNH 2021-09-10, 1.42 mm. C. Arius subtilis Schwarzhans and Bratishko (2011), DMNH 2021-09-11, 4.61 mm. D. Vorhisia vulpes Frizzell (1965b), DMNH 2021-09-13, 2.49 mm. E. Vorhisia vulpes Frizzell (1965b), DMNH 2021-09-14, 3.06 mm. F. Vorhisia vulpes Frizzell (1965b), DMNH 2021-09-15, 3.99 mm. G. Vorhisia vulpes Frizzell (1965b), DMNH 2021-09-16, 7.98 mm. H. Vorhisia vulpes Frizzell (1965b), DMNH 2021-09-12, 19.36 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913430" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913430/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">FIG. 6B</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256BFF91FCABF98BFC2FF965" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256BFF91FCABF98BFC2FF965" blockId="11.[832,1520,1663,1932]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256BFF91FCABF98BFC02F940" bold="true" box="[864,1014,1663,1689]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Material—</emphasis>
|
||||
one eroded, broken specimen,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE58256BFF91FA51F974FA1BF943" box="[1434,1519,1664,1690]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">DMNH</collectionCode>
|
||||
<date id="D758105D256BFF91FC8BF956FC2FF965" box="[832,987,1698,1724]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" value="2021-10-09">2021-09-10.</date>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256BFF97FCABF930FD8DFED9" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256BFF97FCABF930FD8DFED9" blockId="11.[832,1520,1663,1932]" lastBlockId="13.[112,800,195,257]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256BFF91FCABF930FB1FF906" bold="true" box="[864,1259,1732,1759]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Description and Remarks—</emphasis>
|
||||
Although small and somewhat eroded, this specimen is tentatively assigned to the Clupeiformes and is included because of the rarity of clupeids in the Cretaceous. The outline of the sagitta, the flat inner face, and the shape of the sulcus indicate a possible clupeid.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256BFF91FBDBF885FAAFF855" author="Schwarzhans, W. & R. Huddleston & G. Takeuchi" box="[1040,1371,1905,1932]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" pagination="45 - 72" refId="ref30188" refString="Schwarzhans, W., R. Huddleston, and G. Takeuchi. 2018 b. A Late Santonian fish-fauna from the Eutaw Formation of Alabama reconstructed from otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 124 (1): 45 - 72." type="journal article" year="2018">Schwarzhans et al. (2018b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
assigned
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5E0FD14256BFF97FA1BF885FF00FF04" count="13" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" type="generic">13 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
to Clupeiform indeterminate from the Eutaw Formation (upper Santonian) of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F256DFF97FDCEFF12FD81FED9" box="[517,629,230,256]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Alabama</collectingRegion>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
190
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Normal file
190
data/2B/4F/87/2B4F878B256DFF95FC85FA31FF39FC8F.xml
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
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<mods:title id="F27F833CF644D7795570DE5F866F593E">First Cretaceous teleostean otolith assemblage (Arkadelphia Formation, upper Maastrichtian) from Arkansas, USA, early Gadiformes, and the Western Interior Seaway</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B4917DDEE40439DB665DECC962D4200C">Stringer, Gary L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D2F457444B8B8F62E7C94005AEA014BE">Sloan, James Carson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="F7A56E7EE2DD0828797C7C96346055BA">2023</mods:date>
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|
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<treatment id="2B4F878B256DFF95FC85FA31FF39FC8F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F878B256DFF95FC85FA31FF39FC8F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B4F878B256DFF95FC85FA31FF39FC8F" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
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||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256DFF97FC85FA31FB49FA24" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256DFF97FC85FA31FA16FA04" blockId="13.[846,1506,1381,1570]" box="[846,1506,1477,1502]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<heading id="F81181F1256DFF97FC85FA31FA16FA04" allCaps="true" box="[846,1506,1477,1502]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" reason="2">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256DFF97FC85FA31FA2AFA04" authority="? SCHWARZHANS AND STRINGER" authorityName="? Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[846,1502,1477,1502]" family="Ichthyotringidae" genus="Apateodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aulopiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crenellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FC85FA31FB75FA07" box="[846,1153,1477,1502]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">APATEODUS CRENELLATUS</emphasis>
|
||||
? SCHWARZHANS AND STRINGER
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256DFF97FBB8FA11FB49FA24" blockId="13.[846,1506,1381,1570]" box="[1139,1213,1509,1533]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">2020b</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256DFF97FBBAF9FEFB4BF9FB" box="[1137,1215,1546,1570]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256DFF97FBBAF9FEFB4BF9FB" blockId="13.[846,1506,1381,1570]" box="[1137,1215,1546,1570]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BDD2A18256DFF97FBBAF9FEFB4BF9FB" box="[1137,1215,1546,1570]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="16.[113,188,1783,1807]" captionTargetBox="[224,1419,194,1766]" captionTargetId="figure-14@16.[224,1419,194,1766]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 7. Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Length in mm. A. Apateodus crenellatus? Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020b), DMNH 2021-09-17, 1.78 mm. B. Palaeogadus? belli sp. nov., DMNH 2021-09-18, 1.25 mm (paratype). C. Palaeogadus? belli sp. nov., DMNH 2021-09-19, 1.78 mm (paratype). D. Palaeogadus? belli sp. nov., 2021-09-20, 2.21 mm (paratype). E. Palaeogadus? belli sp. nov., DMNH 2021-09-21, 2.34 mm (paratype). F. Palaeogadus? belli sp. nov., DMNH 2021-09-22, 3.13 mm (holotype). G. Palaeogadus? belli sp. nov., DMNH 2021-09-22, 3.13 mm (holotype, outer view). H Palaeogadus? belli sp. nov., DMNH 2021-09-22, 3.13 mm (holotype, dorsal view)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913434" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913434/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">FIG. 7A</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256DFF97FCABF9CFFC3FF9A0" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256DFF97FCABF9CFFC3FF9A0" blockId="13.[832,1520,1595,1939]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FCABF9CFFC19F98C" bold="true" box="[864,1005,1595,1621]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Material—</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="138E3CC0256DFF97FC26F9CFFC3CF9A0" collectionCode="DMNH" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" specimenCode="DMNH 2021-09, 9" specimenCount="3">
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5E0FD14256DFF97FC26F9CFFB43F98C" box="[1005,1207,1595,1621]" count="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
, specimen figured,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F3409EE6256DFF97FA56F9C8FC5BF9A0" collectionCode="DMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="Museum">
|
||||
DMNH
|
||||
<date id="D758105D256DFF97FC8BF9ABFC3FF9A0" box="[832,971,1631,1657]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" value="2021-09-09">
|
||||
2021-09-
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F3409EE6256DFF97FC73F9ABFC3CF9A0" box="[952,968,1631,1657]" collectionCode="DMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="Museum">9</specimenCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256DFF95FCABF975FF39FC8F" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256DFF95FCABF975FE5EFE55" blockId="13.[832,1520,1595,1939]" lastBlockId="15.[112,801,194,854]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FCABF975FB22F945" bold="true" box="[864,1238,1665,1692]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Description and Remarks—</emphasis>
|
||||
The three Arkadelphia Formation specimens fit the description of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256DFF97FAA4F950FC33F93A" authorityName="? Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" family="Ichthyotringidae" genus="Apateodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aulopiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crenellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FAA4F950FC33F93A" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Apateodus crenellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
presented in Stringer et al. (2020) from the Ripley Formation in northeastern
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F256DFF97FB27F91FFA8EF8DC" box="[1260,1402,1771,1797]" country="United States of America" name="Mississippi" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Mississippi</collectingRegion>
|
||||
. Unfortunately, none of the thin, fragile specimens have a preserved rostrum like the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C5D883F256DFF97FBA8F8C6FB26F895" box="[1123,1234,1842,1868]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
shown in Stringer et al. (2020, fig. 7 G–I). The outline of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256DFF97FB0DF8A0FA9DF8A9" authorityName="? Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[1222,1385,1876,1904]" family="Ichthyotringidae" genus="Apateodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aulopiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crenellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FB0DF8A0FA9DF8A9" box="[1222,1385,1876,1904]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">A. crenellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
appears to be more oval (
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FC27F883FBDBF84A" box="[1004,1071,1911,1939]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">sensu</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256DFF97FBF8F88CFAF4F84A" author="Smale, M. & G. Watson & T. Hecht" box="[1075,1280,1912,1939]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 253" refId="ref30467" refString="Smale, M., G. Watson, and T. Hecht. 1995. Otolith atlas of southern African marine fishes. Ichthyological Monographs of the J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 1: 1 - 253." type="journal article" year="1995">Smale et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), but if the long and moderately pointed rostrum is present, it is more ovate in outline (
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FF3FFF10FEC2FED9" box="[244,310,228,256]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">sensu</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256FFF95FEF1FF11FDF3FED9" author="Smale, M. & G. Watson & T. Hecht" box="[314,519,229,256]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 253" refId="ref30467" refString="Smale, M., G. Watson, and T. Hecht. 1995. Otolith atlas of southern African marine fishes. Ichthyological Monographs of the J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 1: 1 - 253." type="journal article" year="1995">Smale et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The margins are variable, which may be related to erosion. The heterosulcoid sulcus appears to be more slightly ventral and extends across essentially the entire inner fac. The outer face is typically flat and smooth.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="F7996615256EFF94FFB9F903FD34F84D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913430" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10913430" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913430/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" startId="14.[114,189,1783,1807]" targetBox="[224,1413,195,1759]" targetPageId="14" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256EFF94FFB9F903FD34F84D" blockId="14.[114,1516,1783,1942]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256EFF94FFB9F903FF2CF8D6" bold="true" box="[114,216,1783,1807]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||||
Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Length in mm.
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256EFF94FE85F8E5FEABF8F0" bold="true" box="[334,351,1809,1833]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">A</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256EFF94FEA1F8E7FC44F8F3" authority="Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020 b)" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[362,944,1810,1835]" genus="Kokenichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="navis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256EFF94FEA1F8E7FDC5F8F2" box="[362,561,1811,1835]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Kokenichthys navis</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256EFF94FDFCF8E6FC44F8F3" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" box="[567,944,1810,1834]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" pagination="111 - 155" refId="ref30115" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 b. In Stringer, G., W. Schwarzhans, G. Phillips, and R. Lambert. 2020. Highly diversified Late Cretaceous fish assemblage revealed by otoliths (Ripley For- mation and Owl Creek Formation, northeast Mississippi, USA). Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (1): 111 - 155." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, DMNH 2021-09-9, 4.10 mm.
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256EFF94FB3BF8E6FAF4F8F3" bold="true" box="[1264,1280,1810,1834]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">B</emphasis>
|
||||
. Clupeiform? indeterminate DMNH 2021-09-10, 1.42 mm.
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256EFF94FDCDF8D8FDEFF89D" bold="true" box="[518,539,1836,1860]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">C.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256EFF94FDEBF8D9FBDEF89D" authority="Schwarzhans and Bratishko (2011)" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Bratishko" authorityYear="2011" box="[544,1066,1836,1861]" family="Ariidae" genus="Arius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subtilis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256EFF94FDEBF8D9FD5CF89C" box="[544,680,1837,1861]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Arius subtilis</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256EFF94FD65F8D8FBDEF89D" author="Schwarzhans, W. & A. Bratishko" box="[686,1066,1836,1860]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" pagination="83 - 110" refId="ref29872" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and A. Bratishko. 2011. The otoliths from the middle Paleocene of Luzanivka (Cherkasy district, Ukraine). Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie u. Palaontologie / Abhandlungen 261: 83 - 110." type="journal article" year="2011">Schwarzhans and Bratishko (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, DMNH 2021-09-11, 4.61 mm.
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256EFF94FAB3F8D8FA7EF89D" bold="true" box="[1400,1418,1836,1860]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">D</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256EFF94FA5FF8D9FE9DF886" authority="Frizzell (1965 b)" authorityName="Frizzell" authorityYear="1965" family="Vorhisiidae" genus="Vorhisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulpes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256EFF94FA5FF8D9FF40F8B9" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Vorhisia vulpes</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256EFF94FF71F8B3FE9DF886" author="Frizzell, D." box="[186,361,1863,1887]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" pagination="178 - 181" refId="ref25786" refString="Frizzell, D. 1965 b. Otoliths of new fish (Vorhisia vulpes, N. Gen., N. Sp. Siluroidei?) from Upper Cretaceous of South Dakota. Copeia 1965: 178 - 181." type="journal article" year="1965">Frizzell (1965b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, DMNH 2021-09-13, 2.49 mm.
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256EFF94FD7CF8B3FD3FF886" bold="true" box="[695,715,1863,1887]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">E.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256EFF94FD1AF8BCFBD0F886" authority="Frizzell (1965 b)" authorityName="Frizzell" authorityYear="1965" box="[721,1060,1863,1888]" family="Vorhisiidae" genus="Vorhisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulpes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256EFF94FD1AF8BCFC9BF8B9" box="[721,879,1864,1888]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Vorhisia vulpes</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256EFF94FCBEF8B3FBD0F886" author="Frizzell, D." box="[885,1060,1863,1887]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" pagination="178 - 181" refId="ref25786" refString="Frizzell, D. 1965 b. Otoliths of new fish (Vorhisia vulpes, N. Gen., N. Sp. Siluroidei?) from Upper Cretaceous of South Dakota. Copeia 1965: 178 - 181." type="journal article" year="1965">Frizzell (1965b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, DMNH 2021-09-14, 3.06 mm.
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256EFF94FABAF8B3FA8BF886" bold="true" box="[1393,1407,1863,1887]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">F</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256EFF94FA41F8BCFE9DF8A3" authority="Frizzell (1965 b)" authorityName="Frizzell" authorityYear="1965" family="Vorhisiidae" genus="Vorhisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulpes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256EFF94FA41F8BCFF40F8A2" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Vorhisia vulpes</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256EFF94FF71F896FE9DF8A3" author="Frizzell, D." box="[186,361,1889,1914]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" pagination="178 - 181" refId="ref25786" refString="Frizzell, D. 1965 b. Otoliths of new fish (Vorhisia vulpes, N. Gen., N. Sp. Siluroidei?) from Upper Cretaceous of South Dakota. Copeia 1965: 178 - 181." type="journal article" year="1965">Frizzell (1965b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, DMNH 2021-09-15, 3.99 mm.
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256EFF94FD7CF895FD33F8A0" bold="true" box="[695,711,1889,1913]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256EFF94FD19F897FBD1F8A3" authority="Frizzell (1965 b)" authorityName="Frizzell" authorityYear="1965" box="[722,1061,1889,1915]" family="Vorhisiidae" genus="Vorhisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulpes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256EFF94FD19F897FC84F8A2" box="[722,880,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Vorhisia vulpes</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256EFF94FCBDF896FBD1F8A3" author="Frizzell, D." box="[886,1061,1889,1914]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" pagination="178 - 181" refId="ref25786" refString="Frizzell, D. 1965 b. Otoliths of new fish (Vorhisia vulpes, N. Gen., N. Sp. Siluroidei?) from Upper Cretaceous of South Dakota. Copeia 1965: 178 - 181." type="journal article" year="1965">Frizzell (1965b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, DMNH 2021-09-16, 7.98 mm.
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256EFF94FAB9F896FA7FF8A3" bold="true" box="[1394,1419,1890,1914]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">H.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256EFF94FA5BF897FE9DF84D" authority="Frizzell (1965 b)" authorityName="Frizzell" authorityYear="1965" family="Vorhisiidae" genus="Vorhisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulpes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256EFF94FA5BF897FF40F84F" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Vorhisia vulpes</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256EFF94FF71F888FE9DF84D" author="Frizzell, D." box="[186,361,1916,1940]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" pagination="178 - 181" refId="ref25786" refString="Frizzell, D. 1965 b. Otoliths of new fish (Vorhisia vulpes, N. Gen., N. Sp. Siluroidei?) from Upper Cretaceous of South Dakota. Copeia 1965: 178 - 181." type="journal article" year="1965">Frizzell (1965b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, DMNH 2021-09-12, 19.36 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256FFF95FF5BFE61FF39FC8F" blockId="15.[112,801,194,854]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
The classification of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256FFF95FE5FFE60FDCEFE69" authorityName="? Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[404,570,404,432]" family="Ichthyotringidae" genus="Apateodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aulopiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crenellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FE5FFE60FDCEFE69" box="[404,570,404,432]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">A. crenellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has been debated for several decades since its initial discovery by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256FFF95FD73FE4DFEC5FE2F" author="Nolf, D. & D. Dockery" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref28403" refString="Nolf, D., and D. Dockery. 1990. Fish otoliths from the Coffee Sand (Campanian) of northeastern Mississippi. Mississippi Geology 10: 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="1990">Nolf and Dockery (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
in the Coffee Sand (Campanian) of northeastern
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F256FFF95FF1CFE0BFE91FDC0" box="[215,357,511,537]" country="United States of America" name="Mississippi" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Mississippi</collectingRegion>
|
||||
. Its classification as an aulopiform was first suggested by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256FFF95FE49FDD6FD76FDE4" author="Stringer, G. & L. Oman & B. Badger" box="[386,642,546,573]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" pagination="15 - 36" refId="ref31192" refString="Stringer, G., L. Oman, and B. Badger. 2016. Woodbury Formation (Campanian) in New Jersey yields largest known otolith assemblage of teleostean fishes in North America. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 165: 15 - 36." type="journal article" year="2016">Stringer et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and Stringer et al. (2018). Its classification was confirmed when an otolith was discovered
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FE40FD93FE21FD5A" box="[395,469,615,643]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">in situ</emphasis>
|
||||
by CT micro-scanning in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256FFF95FCC2FD93FE9CFD7F" authority="Forir (1887)" authorityName="Forir" authorityYear="1887" family="Ariidae" genus="Arius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="corneti">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FCC2FD93FF33FD7F" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">A. corneti</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256FFF95FF07FD78FE9CFD7F" author="Forir, H." box="[204,360,652,678]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" pagination="37 - 42" refId="ref25523" refString="Forir, H. 1887. Contributions a l'etude du systeme cretace de la Belgique. I. Sur quelques poissons et crustaces nouveaux ou peu connus. Annales de la Societe Geologique de Belgique 14: 37 - 42." type="journal article" year="1887">Forir (1887)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256FFF95FE5BFD78FD2BFD7F" author="Schwarzhans, W. & H. Beckett & J. Schien & M. Friedman" box="[400,735,652,678]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" refId="ref30234" refString="Schwarzhans, W., H. Beckett, J. Schien, and M. Friedman. 2018 a. Computed tomography scanning as a tool for linking the skeletal and otolith-based fossil records of teleost fishes. Palaeontology. [https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / pala. 12349]." type="book" year="2018">Schwarzhans et al. (2018a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. This discovery and the subsequent revised taxonomy are also congruent with modern molecular-based phylogenetic and dating studies such as
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256FFF95FE76FD02FD6CFCC9" author="Near, T. & R. Eytan & A. Dornburg & K. Kuhn & J. Moor & M. Davis & P. Wainwright & M. Friedman & W. Smith" box="[445,664,757,784]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" pagination="13698 - 13703" refId="ref28019" refString="Near, T., R. Eytan, A. Dornburg, K. Kuhn, J. Moor, M. Davis, P. Wainwright, M. Friedman, and W. Smith. 2012. Resolution of rayfinned fish phylogeny and timing of diversification. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109: 13698 - 13703." type="journal article" year="2012">Near et al. (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, Betancur-
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE58256FFF95FFBBFCEDFF71FCEA" box="[112,133,793,819]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">R</collectionCode>
|
||||
. et al. (2013),
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256FFF95FEF8FCEDFDFBFCEA" author="Near T. & A. Dornburg & R. Eytan & B. Keck & W. Smith & K. Kuhn & J. Moore & S. Price & F. Burbrink & M. Friedman & P. Wainwright" box="[307,527,793,819]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref28082" refString="Near T., A. Dornburg, R. Eytan, B. Keck, W. Smith, K. Kuhn, J. Moore, S. Price, F. Burbrink, M. Friedman, and P. Wainwright. 2013. Phylogeny and tempo of diversification in the superradia- tion of spiny-rayed fishes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Early Edition: 1 - 6. [https: // doi. org / 10.1073 / pnas. 1304661110]." type="book chapter" year="2013">Near et al. (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256FFF95FD9AFCEDFF3CFC8F" author="Betancur-R., R. & E. Wiley & G. Arratia & A. Acero & N. Bailly & M. Miya & G. Lecointre & G. Orti" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" pagination="162" refId="ref23525" refString="Betancur-R., R., E. Wiley, G. Arratia, A. Acero, N. Bailly, M. Miya, G. Lecointre, and G. Orti. 2017. Phylogenetic classification of bony fishes. BMC Evolutionary Biology 17: 162. [https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 12862 - 017 - 0958 - 3]." type="journal article" year="2017">Betancur-R et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
183
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Normal file
183
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Normal file
|
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|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256DFF97FEC9FA13FD7BFA26" authority="FRIZZELL, 1965 b" authorityName="Frizzell" authorityYear="1965" box="[258,655,1511,1536]" family="Vorhisiidae" genus="Vorhisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulpes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FEC9FA13FE3BF9D9" box="[258,463,1511,1536]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">VORHISIA VULPES</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256DFF97FE1EFA13FD7BFA26" author="Frizzell, D." box="[469,655,1511,1535]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="178 - 181" refId="ref25786" refString="Frizzell, D. 1965 b. Otoliths of new fish (Vorhisia vulpes, N. Gen., N. Sp. Siluroidei?) from Upper Cretaceous of South Dakota. Copeia 1965: 178 - 181." type="journal article" year="1965">FRIZZELL, 1965b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256DFF97FE5BF9F8FDF4F9FD" box="[400,512,1548,1572]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256DFF97FE5BF9F8FDF4F9FD" blockId="13.[258,655,1447,1572]" box="[400,512,1548,1572]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BDD2A18256DFF97FE5BF9F8FDF4F9FD" box="[400,512,1548,1572]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="14.[114,189,1783,1807]" captionTargetBox="[224,1413,195,1759]" captionTargetId="figure-14@14.[224,1413,195,1759]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 6. Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Length in mm. A. Kokenichthys navis Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020b), DMNH 2021-09-9, 4.10 mm. B. Clupeiform? indeterminate DMNH 2021-09-10, 1.42 mm. C. Arius subtilis Schwarzhans and Bratishko (2011), DMNH 2021-09-11, 4.61 mm. D. Vorhisia vulpes Frizzell (1965b), DMNH 2021-09-13, 2.49 mm. E. Vorhisia vulpes Frizzell (1965b), DMNH 2021-09-14, 3.06 mm. F. Vorhisia vulpes Frizzell (1965b), DMNH 2021-09-15, 3.99 mm. G. Vorhisia vulpes Frizzell (1965b), DMNH 2021-09-16, 7.98 mm. H. Vorhisia vulpes Frizzell (1965b), DMNH 2021-09-12, 19.36 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913430" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913430/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">FIG. 6D–H</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256DFF97FF5BF9C9FD7AF947" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256DFF97FF5BF9C9FD7AF947" blockId="13.[112,800,1597,1940]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FF5BF9C9FED4F98E" bold="true" box="[144,288,1597,1623]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Material—</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="138E3CC0256DFF97FED4F9C9FD7EF947" collectingDate="2021-09-13" collectingDateMax="2021-12-09" collectingDateMin="2021-09-13" collectionCode="DMNH" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" specimenCode="DMNH 2021-09, 16" specimenCount="5">
|
||||
1,537 specimens.
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5E0FD14256DFF97FE30F9C9FD4DF98E" box="[507,697,1597,1623]" count="5" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="generic">Five specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
figured:
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE58256DFF97FFBBF995FF37F9A2" box="[112,195,1633,1659]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="Museum">DMNH</collectionCode>
|
||||
<date id="D758105D256DFF97FF0CF995FEAEF9A2" box="[199,346,1633,1659]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" value="2021-12-09">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="C71CE9B5256DFF97FF0CF995FEAEF9A2" box="[199,346,1633,1659]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" value="2021-12-09">2021-09-12</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE58256DFF97FEA8F995FE42F9A2" box="[355,438,1633,1659]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="Museum">DMNH</collectionCode>
|
||||
<date id="D758105D256DFF97FE71F995FDB9F9A2" box="[442,589,1633,1659]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" value="2021-09-13">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="C71CE9B5256DFF97FE71F995FDB9F9A2" box="[442,589,1633,1659]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" value="2021-09-13">2021-09-13</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE58256DFF97FD9DF995FD5DF9A2" box="[598,681,1633,1659]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="Museum">DMNH</collectionCode>
|
||||
<date id="D758105D256DFF97FD66F995FF65F947" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" value="2021-09-14">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="C71CE9B5256DFF97FD66F995FF65F947" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" value="2021-09-14">2021-09- 14</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE58256DFF97FF56F970FF04F947" box="[157,240,1668,1694]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="Museum">DMNH</collectionCode>
|
||||
<date id="D758105D256DFF97FF3CF970FE79F946" box="[247,397,1668,1695]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" value="2021-09-15">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="C71CE9B5256DFF97FF3CF970FE79F946" box="[247,397,1668,1695]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" value="2021-09-15">2021-09-15</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F3409EE6256DFF97FE52F970FD96F947" box="[409,610,1668,1694]" collectionCode="DMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="Museum">
|
||||
DMNH
|
||||
<date id="D758105D256DFF97FE38F970FD7AF947" box="[499,654,1668,1694]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" value="2021-09-16">
|
||||
2021-09-
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F3409EE6256DFF97FDA0F970FD7EF947" box="[619,650,1668,1694]" collectionCode="DMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="Museum">16</specimenCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256DFF97FF5BF953FB9EFA9A" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256DFF97FF5BF953FC27FDB9" blockId="13.[112,800,1597,1940]" lastBlockId="13.[832,1523,195,1348]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FF5BF953FDF4F918" bold="true" box="[144,512,1703,1729]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Description and Remarks—</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256DFF97FDCBF952FD42F91B" authorityName="Frizzell" authorityYear="1965" box="[512,694,1702,1730]" family="Vorhisiidae" genus="Vorhisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulpes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FDCBF952FD42F91B" box="[512,694,1702,1730]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Vorhisia vulpes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is one of most ubiquitous Late Cretaceous otoliths known in the
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBF1760D256DFF97FFBBF91AFF50F8D1" box="[112,164,1774,1800]" name="United States of America" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and has been reported in the Fox Hills Formation (
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F256DFF97FFB3F8E5FED7F8F5" box="[120,291,1809,1836]" country="United States of America" name="North Dakota" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">North Dakota</collectingRegion>
|
||||
), the Kemp Clay (
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F256DFF97FE26F8E5FDCCF8F2" box="[493,568,1809,1835]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||||
), the Ripley Formation (
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F256DFF97FF64F8C0FEB4F896" box="[175,320,1844,1871]" country="United States of America" name="Mississippi" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Mississippi</collectingRegion>
|
||||
), and the Severn Formation (
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F256DFF97FD50F8C0FCECF896" box="[667,792,1844,1871]" country="United States of America" name="Maryland" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Maryland</collectingRegion>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256DFF97FFB0F8A3FE7EF8A8" author="Hoganson, J. & J. Erickson & F. Holland" box="[123,394,1879,1905]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 94" refId="ref26498" refString="Hoganson, J., J. Erickson, and F. Holland. 2019. Chondrichthyan and osteichthyan paleofaunas from the Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian) Fox Hills Formation of North Dakota, USA: Paleoecology, Paleogeography, and Extinction. Bulletins of American Paleontology 398: 1 - 94." type="journal article" year="2019">Hoganson et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256DFF97FE52F8A3FD98F8A8" author="Woodward, A. B." box="[409,620,1879,1905]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" refId="ref32037" refString="Woodward, A. B. 2003. Taxonomy, paleoecology, and evolution of the otolith-based fishes of the Upper Cretaceous Kemp Clay, Hunt County, Texas. M. S. thesis. University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana. 89 pp." type="book" year="2003">Woodward 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256DFF97FDB0F8A3FEA9F84D" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer 2020a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, Stringer et al. 2020, and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256DFF97FD44F88DFBECFF04" author="Huddleston, R. & K. Savoie" box="[655,1048,195,1939]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="658 - 663" refId="ref26551" refString="Huddleston, R., and K. Savoie. 1983. Teleostean otoliths from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian age) Severn Formation of Maryland. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 96: 658 - 663." type="journal article" year="1983">Huddleston and Savoie 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It has been classified primarily as an extinct siluriform, or perhaps an ariid, based on the large lapillus and similarities to extant ariid lapilli. One Arkadelphia Formation specimen was extremely large at
|
||||
<quantity id="641E9B78256DFF97FC95FEA4FC2FFEB3" box="[862,987,336,362]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.936" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="19.36">19.36 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in length and
|
||||
<quantity id="641E9B78256DFF97FB43FEA4FAF1FEB3" box="[1160,1285,336,362]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.402" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="14.02">14.02 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in height (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BDD2A18256DFF97FA4DFEA4FA16FEB2" box="[1414,1506,336,363]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="14.[114,189,1783,1807]" captionTargetBox="[224,1413,195,1759]" captionTargetId="figure-14@14.[224,1413,195,1759]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 6. Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Length in mm. A. Kokenichthys navis Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020b), DMNH 2021-09-9, 4.10 mm. B. Clupeiform? indeterminate DMNH 2021-09-10, 1.42 mm. C. Arius subtilis Schwarzhans and Bratishko (2011), DMNH 2021-09-11, 4.61 mm. D. Vorhisia vulpes Frizzell (1965b), DMNH 2021-09-13, 2.49 mm. E. Vorhisia vulpes Frizzell (1965b), DMNH 2021-09-14, 3.06 mm. F. Vorhisia vulpes Frizzell (1965b), DMNH 2021-09-15, 3.99 mm. G. Vorhisia vulpes Frizzell (1965b), DMNH 2021-09-16, 7.98 mm. H. Vorhisia vulpes Frizzell (1965b), DMNH 2021-09-12, 19.36 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913430" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913430/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Fig. 6H</figureCitation>
|
||||
), which is rare, considering that it was recovered from a bore sample. Stringer et al. (2020) stated that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256DFF97FA47FE61FA04FE68" authorityName="FRIZZELL" authorityYear="1965" box="[1420,1520,405,433]" family="Vorhisiidae" genus="Vorhisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FA47FE61FA04FE68" box="[1420,1520,405,433]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Vorhisia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
probably represents an extinct family of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256DFF97FA9DFE4DFA04FE0A" authorityName="CUVIER" authorityYear="1817" box="[1366,1520,441,467]" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Siluriformes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or Ostariophysi, but there is also the possibility that it could relate to an extinct higher taxonomic group or even a non-teleost fish as some extant Holostei have large lapilli.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256DFF97FCABFD9EFB9EFA9A" blockId="13.[832,1523,195,1348]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
To state that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256DFF97FBC6FD9CFB8CFD5D" authorityName="Frizzell" authorityYear="1965" box="[1037,1144,616,644]" family="Vorhisiidae" genus="Vorhisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulpes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FBC6FD9CFB8CFD5D" box="[1037,1144,616,644]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">V. vulpes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is the most common species in the upper Maastrichtian Arkadelphia Formation is an understatement. The total specimens in the Arkadelphia Formation assemblage is 2,109, and 1,537 of those (72.88%) are
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256DFF97FB8AFD01FB58FCC8" authorityName="Frizzell" authorityYear="1965" box="[1089,1196,757,785]" family="Vorhisiidae" genus="Vorhisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulpes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FB8AFD01FB58FCC8" box="[1089,1196,757,785]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">V. vulpes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The species is abundant in the Severn Formation (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256DFF97FBB7FCEDFA2BFCEA" author="Huddleston, R. & K. Savoie" box="[1148,1503,793,819]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="658 - 663" refId="ref26551" refString="Huddleston, R., and K. Savoie. 1983. Teleostean otoliths from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian age) Severn Formation of Maryland. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 96: 658 - 663." type="journal article" year="1983">Huddleston and Savoie 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), but noticeably less at 55%.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256DFF97FB6BFCCFFAAEFC8E" authorityName="Frizzell" authorityYear="1965" box="[1184,1370,827,855]" family="Vorhisiidae" genus="Vorhisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulpes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FB6BFCCFFAAEFC8E" box="[1184,1370,827,855]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Vorhisia vulpes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is the most abundant species in the Kemp Clay, but its percentage is approximately 35% (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256DFF97FB8DFC77FA2BFC44" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" box="[1094,1503,899,925]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer 2020a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The percentage of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256DFF97FBD4FC51FB77FC18" authorityName="Frizzell" authorityYear="1965" box="[1055,1155,933,961]" family="Vorhisiidae" genus="Vorhisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulpes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FBD4FC51FB77FC18" box="[1055,1155,933,961]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">V. vulpes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the Arkadelphia Formation certainly seems to indicate that the paleoenvironmental parameters were decidedly conducive for its growth and proliferation.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256DFF97FBE9FBFAFB2DFBF3" authorityName="Frizzell" authorityYear="1965" box="[1058,1241,1038,1066]" family="Vorhisiidae" genus="Vorhisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulpes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FBE9FBFAFB2DFBF3" box="[1058,1241,1038,1066]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Vorhisia vulpes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has not been found in Europe although Cretaceous otoliths have been investigated in several areas (Nolf 2003,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256DFF97FB30FBA2FA1EFBA9" author="Schwarzhans, W." box="[1275,1514,1110,1136]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 100" refId="ref29730" refString="Schwarzhans, W. 2010. Otolithen aus den Gerhartsceiter Schichten (Oberkreide: Maastricht) des Gerhartsreiter Grabens (Oberbayern). Palaeo Ichthyologica 4: 1 - 100." type="journal article" year="2010">Schwarzhans 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256DFF97FC8BFB8DFB56FB4A" author="Schwarzhans, W. & J. Jagt" box="[832,1186,1145,1172]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" refId="ref29976" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and J. Jagt. 2021. Silicified otoliths from the Maastrichtian type area (Netherlands, Belgium) document early gadiform and perciform fishes during the Late Cre- taceous, prior to the K / Pg boundary extinction event. Cretaceous Research (pre-proof). [https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2021.104921]." type="book" year="2021">Schwarzhans and Jagt 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Current studies indicate that the distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256DFF97FBA3FB6FFAD5FB6E" authorityName="Frizzell" authorityYear="1965" box="[1128,1313,1179,1207]" family="Vorhisiidae" genus="Vorhisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulpes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FBA3FB6FFAD5FB6E" box="[1128,1313,1179,1207]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Vorhisia vulpes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is limited to the
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBF1760D256DFF97FC8BFB34FC82FB03" box="[832,886,1216,1242]" name="United States of America" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. As noted by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256DFF97FBD0FB34FA3BFB03" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" box="[1051,1487,1216,1242]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256DFF97FA17FB4AFC79FB24" authorityName="Frizzell" authorityYear="1965" family="Vorhisiidae" genus="Vorhisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulpes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FA17FB4AFC79FB24" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">V. vulpes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was one of the most prominent and widespread teleostean species to succumb to the K-Pg extinction event in North America.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
126
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126
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<mods:title id="2517DEEAF12FBD9DAB50530570A4E4B5">First Cretaceous teleostean otolith assemblage (Arkadelphia Formation, upper Maastrichtian) from Arkansas, USA, early Gadiformes, and the Western Interior Seaway</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="63CCC27399B17FBDF0B71C16E8E6ED91">Sloan, James Carson</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="2B4F878B256DFF97FF53FE76FF05FA5C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F878B256DFF97FF53FE76FF05FA5C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B4F878B256DFF97FF53FE76FF05FA5C" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
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<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256DFF97FF53FE76FD09FE43" box="[152,765,386,411]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A359369D256DFF97FF53FE76FD09FE43" blockId="13.[152,765,290,447]" box="[152,765,386,411]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256DFF97FF53FE76FEA3FE42" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Bratishko" authorityYear="2011" box="[152,343,386,411]" family="Ariidae" genus="Arius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subtilis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FF53FE76FF2AFE42" box="[152,222,386,411]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">ARIUS</emphasis>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FF24FE76FEA3FE42" box="[239,343,386,411]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">SUBTILIS</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE58256DFF97FE96FE76FDF5FE43" box="[349,513,386,410]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">SCHWARZHANS</collectionCode>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE58256DFF97FDC3FE76FDC2FE43" box="[520,566,386,410]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">AND</collectionCode>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE58256DFF97FDF0FE76FD4DFE43" box="[571,697,386,410]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">BRATISHKO</collectionCode>
|
||||
, 2011
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256DFF97FE6AFE53FE1AFE66" box="[417,494,423,447]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256DFF97FE6AFE53FE1AFE66" blockId="13.[152,765,290,447]" box="[417,494,423,447]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BDD2A18256DFF97FE6AFE53FE1AFE66" box="[417,494,423,447]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="14.[114,189,1783,1807]" captionTargetBox="[224,1413,195,1759]" captionTargetId="figure-14@14.[224,1413,195,1759]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 6. Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Length in mm. A. Kokenichthys navis Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020b), DMNH 2021-09-9, 4.10 mm. B. Clupeiform? indeterminate DMNH 2021-09-10, 1.42 mm. C. Arius subtilis Schwarzhans and Bratishko (2011), DMNH 2021-09-11, 4.61 mm. D. Vorhisia vulpes Frizzell (1965b), DMNH 2021-09-13, 2.49 mm. E. Vorhisia vulpes Frizzell (1965b), DMNH 2021-09-14, 3.06 mm. F. Vorhisia vulpes Frizzell (1965b), DMNH 2021-09-15, 3.99 mm. G. Vorhisia vulpes Frizzell (1965b), DMNH 2021-09-16, 7.98 mm. H. Vorhisia vulpes Frizzell (1965b), DMNH 2021-09-12, 19.36 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913430" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913430/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">FIG. 6C</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256DFF97FF5BFE2CFEFFFDCF" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256DFF97FF5BFE2CFEFFFDCF" blockId="13.[112,801,472,1413]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FF5BFE2CFED3FE2B" bold="true" box="[144,295,472,498]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Material—</emphasis>
|
||||
one well preserved specimen,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE58256DFF97FD02FE2DFCEAFE2A" box="[713,798,473,499]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="Museum">DMNH</collectionCode>
|
||||
<date id="D758105D256DFF97FFBBFE08FEFFFDCF" box="[112,267,508,534]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" value="2021-11-09">2021-09-11.</date>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256DFF97FF5BFDEAFF05FA5C" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256DFF97FF5BFDEAFF05FA5C" blockId="13.[112,801,472,1413]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FF5BFDEAFDF1FDE0" bold="true" box="[144,517,542,569]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Description and Remarks—</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256DFF97FDCEFDE9FD5BFDE0" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Bratishko" authorityYear="2011" box="[517,687,541,569]" family="Ariidae" genus="Arius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subtilis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FDCEFDE9FDB1FDE0" box="[517,581,541,569]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Arius</emphasis>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FD93FDE9FD5BFDE0" box="[600,687,541,569]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">subtilis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is represented by the utricular otolith or lapillus rather than the sagitta. The lapillus is oval in outline (
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FD82FD90FD78FD59" box="[585,652,612,640]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">sensu</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256DFF97FD58FD91FF45FD7A" author="Smale, M. & G. Watson & T. Hecht" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 253" refId="ref30467" refString="Smale, M., G. Watson, and T. Hecht. 1995. Otolith atlas of southern African marine fishes. Ichthyological Monographs of the J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 1: 1 - 253." type="journal article" year="1995">Smale et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and has characteristically smooth margins except for one diagnostic projection. It is typically plano-convex and usually fairly thin. The flat side often has radial growth lines visible, especially in eroded specimens. In some specimens, a very lightly impressed sulcal area may be visible on the convex side.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256DFF97FDC7FCC3FD46FC8A" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Bratishko" authorityYear="2011" box="[524,690,823,851]" family="Ariidae" genus="Arius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subtilis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FDC7FCC3FDBFFC8A" box="[524,587,823,851]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Arius</emphasis>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FD97FCC3FD46FC8A" box="[604,690,823,851]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">subtilis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was first identified in the Paleocene of the
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBF1760D256DFF97FDEEFCAFFD7CFCAC" box="[549,648,859,885]" name="Ukraine" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
|
||||
by Schwar- zhans and Bratishko (2011) and is fairly common in the early Paleocene of Europe (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256DFF97FE76FC56FD53FC65" author="Schwarzhans, W." box="[445,679,930,956]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 88" refId="ref29761" refString="Schwarzhans, W. 2012. Fish otoliths from the Paleocene of Bavaria (Kressenberg) and Austria (Kroisbach and Oiching-Graben). Palaeo Ichthyologica 12: 1 - 88." type="journal article" year="2012">Schwarzhans 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It is also known from the Clayton Formation (early Paleocene) of the
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBF1760D256DFF97FF56FC1CFF24FBDB" box="[157,208,1000,1026]" name="United States of America" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256DFF97FF2BFC1CFD81FBDB" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" box="[224,629,1000,1026]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer 2020a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). However, its range was extended to the Late Cretaceous when it was reported from the Ripley and Owl Creek formations of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F256DFF97FFBBFBA6FF0FFBB5" box="[112,251,1106,1132]" country="United States of America" name="Mississippi" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Mississippi</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(Stringer et al. 2020), where it was abundant (
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5E0FD14256DFF97FFB1FB81FEC1FB56" box="[122,309,1141,1168]" count="125" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="generic">125 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
from the two formations). It also occurs in the Coon Creek Formation in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F256DFF97FDC1FB6DFD78FB6A" box="[522,652,1177,1203]" country="United States of America" name="Tennessee" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256DFF97FD0FFB6CFCD4FB6B" authorityName="BLEEKER" authorityYear="1862" box="[708,800,1176,1202]" family="Ariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Ariidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
indeterminate in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256DFF97FE97FB4FFDD3FB0C" author="Stringer, G." box="[348,551,1211,1237]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="78 - 95" refId="ref30761" refString="Stringer, G. 2016 b. Late Cretaceous actinopterygians represented by otoliths from the Cook Creek Site in southwest Tennessee. Pp. 78 - 95 In D. Ehret, T. Harrell, and S. Ebersole (eds.). The Paleontology of the Cretaceous Coon Creek Formation (Volume 2). Alabama Museum of Natural History Bulletin 33: 78 - 95." type="journal article" year="2016">Stringer 2016b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and in the Kemp Clay (upper Maastrichtian) of northeast
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F256DFF97FDADFB2BFD59FB20" box="[614,685,1247,1273]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, where it was very abundant with
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5E0FD14256DFF97FE60FAF6FD9CFAC5" box="[427,616,1282,1309]" count="195" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="generic">195 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256DFF97FDB0FAF6FE90FAE6" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer 2020a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The rarity of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256DFF97FDEFFAD0FD3BFA99" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Bratishko" authorityYear="2011" box="[548,719,1316,1344]" family="Ariidae" genus="Arius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subtilis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FDEFFAD0FD90FA99" box="[548,612,1316,1344]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Arius</emphasis>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256DFF97FDB3FAD0FD3BFA99" box="[632,719,1316,1344]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">subtilis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the stratigraphically equivalent Arkadelphia Formation is enigmatic.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
421
data/2B/4F/87/2B4F878B256FFF8BFED5FC2CFCD4FA9A.xml
Normal file
421
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Normal file
|
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@ -0,0 +1,421 @@
|
|||
<document id="F741BCB16D82DD181C2CB344D9D4DB38" ID-DOI="10.5070/P940361192." ID-ISSN="0031-0298" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10913416" ID-ZooBank="3B70D32F-9BF0-4595-AF4B-45ADEE03B204" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1712169120709" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Stringer, Gary L. & Sloan, James Carson" docDate="2023" docId="2B4F878B256FFF8BFED5FC2CFCD4FA9A" docLanguage="en" docName="PaleoBios.40.3.1-39.pdf" docOrigin="PaleoBios 40 (1994)" docSource="https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/ec964d66-2af3-3f39-bb44-a5383c95c9f6/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:76F55B8832C4952BA7DD61B33E1F0E81.1:PaleoBios.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="76F55B8832C4952BA7DD61B33E1F0E81" docStyleName="PaleoBios.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Palaeogadus belli Stringer & Sloan 2023, SP. NOV." docType="treatment" docUuid="66183354-733E-4F10-AAB8-9338087C301A" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="16" masterDocId="D776FFF32560FF9AFFCBFFF4FFF4FFD9" masterDocTitle="First Cretaceous teleostean otolith assemblage (Arkadelphia Formation, upper Maastrichtian) from Arkansas, USA, early Gadiformes, and the Western Interior Seaway" masterLastPageNumber="39" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="14" updateTime="1712169469805" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0">
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<mods:title id="C7AFC66A148AE894A123B7A82C2E9949">First Cretaceous teleostean otolith assemblage (Arkadelphia Formation, upper Maastrichtian) from Arkansas, USA, early Gadiformes, and the Western Interior Seaway</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9D54C357B99683844EEB9B18B61B970A">Stringer, Gary L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="43940D9098F5AB511C1C775414E0ED67">Sloan, James Carson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9F112E58B64AD27052AD81BE0E172C49">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="233DADCE76EA5393FAA91207F18CEC7E">
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<mods:title id="94F194253448388375F8CE985E49B1D7">PaleoBios</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="3486D9C5B5AB9ED26F76C51CEFE9EC46">
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<mods:date id="C77EE9DA48E41F47BC9570596356BDC3">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CB9DE9439EE373F9E9260AC0047CC3B8">40</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="FC8F8FE5D9A23354F7136385C8E9367F" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="95220D23BE1660B1BB955C40D4D03B43">1994</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:location id="538A8788DC9E5BB3FD03354A110AEE4C">
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<mods:url id="A30120F10790AEB4131E4B827E345C38">https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/ec964d66-2af3-3f39-bb44-a5383c95c9f6/</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="7587F516DF82DB7C0C496DE2F730AE2A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="6F7EA074C199B86663733A95E34E3A0C" type="DOI">10.5070/P940361192.</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="2B4F878B256FFF8BFED5FC2CFCD4FA9A" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:66183354-733E-4F10-AAB8-9338087C301A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B4F878B256FFF8BFED5FC2CFCD4FA9A" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
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||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256FFF95FED5FC2CFD80FC36" box="[286,628,982,1009]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
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||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256FFF95FED5FC2CFD80FC36" blockId="15.[259,653,887,1045]" box="[286,628,982,1009]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<heading id="F81181F1256FFF95FED5FC2CFD80FC36" allCaps="true" box="[286,628,982,1009]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" reason="2">
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||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256FFF95FED5FC2CFDEEFC36" authority="Stringer & Sloan, 2023" authorityName="Stringer & Sloan" authorityYear="2023" box="[286,538,982,1009]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="belli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FED5FC2CFE32FC28" box="[286,454,984,1009]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">PALAEOGADUS</emphasis>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FE1CFC22FDEEFC36" box="[471,538,982,1007]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">BELLI</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8AA157F4256FFF95FDEBFC23FD80FC36" box="[544,628,983,1007]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" rank="species">SP. NOV.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256FFF95FE5AFC09FE0BFBCD" box="[401,511,1021,1045]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256FFF95FE5AFC09FE0BFBCD" blockId="15.[259,653,887,1045]" box="[401,511,1021,1045]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BDD2A18256FFF95FE5AFC09FE0BFBCD" box="[401,511,1021,1045]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="16.[113,188,1783,1807]" captionTargetBox="[224,1419,194,1766]" captionTargetId="figure-14@16.[224,1419,194,1766]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 7. Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Length in mm. A. Apateodus crenellatus? Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020b), DMNH 2021-09-17, 1.78 mm. B. Palaeogadus? belli sp. nov., DMNH 2021-09-18, 1.25 mm (paratype). C. Palaeogadus? belli sp. nov., DMNH 2021-09-19, 1.78 mm (paratype). D. Palaeogadus? belli sp. nov., 2021-09-20, 2.21 mm (paratype). E. Palaeogadus? belli sp. nov., DMNH 2021-09-21, 2.34 mm (paratype). F. Palaeogadus? belli sp. nov., DMNH 2021-09-22, 3.13 mm (holotype). G. Palaeogadus? belli sp. nov., DMNH 2021-09-22, 3.13 mm (holotype, outer view). H Palaeogadus? belli sp. nov., DMNH 2021-09-22, 3.13 mm (holotype, dorsal view)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913434" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913434/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">FIG. 7B–H</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256FFF95FF5BFBDAFF29FA5C" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256FFF95FF5BFBDAFF29FA5C" blockId="15.[112,800,1070,1943]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FF5BFBDAFEB4FB91" bold="true" box="[144,320,1070,1096]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Diagnosis—</emphasis>
|
||||
Moderately compressed, approximately oblong otoliths (
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FE6EFBA4FE1DFBB5" box="[421,489,1104,1132]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">sensu</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256FFF95FE39FBA5FD25FBB5" author="Smale, M. & G. Watson & T. Hecht" box="[498,721,1105,1132]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 253" refId="ref30467" refString="Smale, M., G. Watson, and T. Hecht. 1995. Otolith atlas of southern African marine fishes. Ichthyological Monographs of the J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 1: 1 - 253." type="journal article" year="1995">Smale et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) with a homosulcoid-type sulcus. The H/L ratio ranges from approximately 47%–62%, which is related to ontogenetic changes. Anterodorsal dome (predorsal expansion) evident on specimens greater than 2.0 mm. Ostium and cauda nearly equal in length. Narrow collum with ostial and caudal colliculi very near. Prominent ventral furrow that curves away from anteroventral and posteroventral margins.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256FFF95FF5BFA7AFB70FEFA" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256FFF95FF5BFA7AFCF3F9CB" blockId="15.[112,800,1070,1943]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="138E3CC0256FFF95FF5BFA7AFCF3F9CB" collectingDate="2021-09-22" collectionCode="DMNH" country="United States of America" county="Lonoke County" latitude="34.94129" location="Arkadelphia Formation" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-92.04415" municipality="Cabot" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arkansas" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FF5BFA7AFEDDFA71" bold="true" box="[144,297,1422,1448]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C5D883F256FFF95FF5BFA7AFEFDFA71" box="[144,265,1422,1448]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
—
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256FFF95FEE3FA7AFDFFFA70" authority="Stringer & Sloan, 2023" authorityName="Stringer & Sloan" authorityYear="2023" box="[296,523,1421,1450]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="belli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FEE3FA7AFDFFFA70" box="[296,523,1421,1450]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Palaeogadus? belli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8AA157F4256FFF95FDD9FA7AFD9BFA71" box="[530,623,1422,1448]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE58256FFF95FDB0FA7AFD3AFA71" box="[635,718,1422,1448]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">DMNH</collectionCode>
|
||||
<date id="D758105D256FFF95FD1EFA7AFF49FA12" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" value="2021-09-22">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="C71CE9B5256FFF95FD1EFA7AFF49FA12" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" value="2021-09-22">2021- 09-22</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<quantity id="641E9B78256FFF95FF07FA45FEB5FA15" box="[204,321,1457,1484]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.13" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="3.13">3.13 mm</quantity>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="A6396046256FFF95FE9BFA45FD8FFA12" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F878B256FFF8BFED5FC2CFCD4FA9A:A6396046256FFF95FE9BFA45FD8FFA12" box="[336,635,1457,1483]" country="United States of America" county="Lonoke County" latitude="34.94129" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-92.04415" municipality="Cabot" name="Arkadelphia Formation" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" stateProvince="Arkansas">Arkadelphia Formation</location>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<location id="A6396046256FFF95FD45FA45FF26FA36" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F878B256FFF8BFED5FC2CFCD4FA9A:A6396046256FFF95FD45FA45FF26FA36" country="United States of America" county="Lonoke County" latitude="34.94129" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-92.04415" municipality="Cabot" name="Upper Cretaceous" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" stateProvince="Arkansas">Upper Cretaceous</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="A6396046256FFF95FF2AFA21FE1EFA36" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F878B256FFF8BFED5FC2CFCD4FA9A:A6396046256FFF95FF2AFA21FE1EFA36" box="[225,490,1492,1519]" country="United States of America" county="Lonoke County" latitude="34.94129" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-92.04415" municipality="Cabot" name="upper Maastrichtian" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" stateProvince="Arkansas">upper Maastrichtian</location>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="433DACE7256FFF95FDCAFA20FDB8FA37" box="[513,588,1492,1518]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Cabot</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="4A384E11256FFF95FD90FA20FCEFFA37" box="[603,795,1492,1518]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Lonoke County</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F256FFF95FFBBFA03FF11F9C8" box="[112,229,1527,1553]" country="United States of America" name="Arkansas" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Arkansas</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBF1760D256FFF95FF3BFA0CFED0F9CB" box="[240,292,1528,1554]" name="United States of America" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
; coordinates:
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C6D2505A256FFF95FE11FA0CFD97F9CB" box="[474,611,1528,1554]" degrees="34.941292" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" precision="1" value="34.94129">34.941292</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C6D2505A256FFF95FDA4FA03FCF7F9CB" box="[623,771,1527,1554]" degrees="92.044155" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" precision="1" value="-92.04415">-92.044155</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256FFF95FF5BF9EFFD3BF918" blockId="15.[112,800,1070,1943]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FF5BF9EFFEC7F9EC" bold="true" box="[144,307,1563,1589]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C5D883F256FFF95FF5BF9EFFEE0F9EC" box="[144,276,1563,1589]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
—
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256FFF95FEFFF9EFFDE0F9EC" authority="Stringer & Sloan, 2023" authorityName="Stringer & Sloan" authorityYear="2023" box="[308,532,1561,1591]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="belli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FEFFF9EFFDE0F9EC" box="[308,532,1561,1591]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Palaeogadus? belli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8AA157F4256FFF95FDD2F9EFFD80F9EC" box="[537,628,1563,1589]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE58256FFF95FDB6F9EFFD24F9EC" box="[637,720,1563,1589]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">DMNH</collectionCode>
|
||||
<date id="D758105D256FFF95FD1EF9EFFF4BF981" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" value="2021-09-18">2021- 09-18</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<quantity id="641E9B78256FFF95FF1BF9CAFEBDF981" box="[208,329,1598,1625]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="1.25">1.25 mm</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256FFF95FE9CF9CAFDBEF980" authority="Stringer & Sloan, 2023" authorityName="Stringer & Sloan" authorityYear="2023" box="[343,586,1597,1626]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="belli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FE9CF9CAFE0EF983" box="[343,506,1598,1626]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Palaeogadus</emphasis>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FDD8F9C9FDBEF980" box="[531,586,1597,1625]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">belli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8AA157F4256FFF95FD9EF9CAFD4EF981" box="[597,698,1598,1624]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE58256FFF95FD01F9CAFCEBF981" box="[714,799,1598,1624]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">DMNH</collectionCode>
|
||||
<date id="D758105D256FFF95FFBBF995FEF2F9A2" box="[112,262,1633,1659]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" value="2021-09-19">2021-09-19</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<quantity id="641E9B78256FFF95FEC4F995FE89F9A5" box="[271,381,1633,1660]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.78" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="1.78">1.78 mm</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256FFF95FE4DF996FD91F9A5" authority="Stringer & Sloan, 2023" authorityName="Stringer & Sloan" authorityYear="2023" box="[390,613,1632,1662]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="belli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FE4DF996FD91F9A5" box="[390,613,1632,1662]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Palaeogadus? belli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8AA157F4256FFF95FDA2F996FD30F9A5" box="[617,708,1634,1660]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE58256FFF95FD06F996FCD4F9A5" box="[717,800,1634,1660]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">DMNH</collectionCode>
|
||||
<date id="D758105D256FFF95FFBBF970FEF1F947" box="[112,261,1668,1694]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" value="2021-09-20">2021-09-20</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<quantity id="641E9B78256FFF95FEC4F970FE89F946" box="[271,381,1668,1695]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.21" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="2.21">2.21 mm</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256FFF95FE4DF971FD91F946" authority="Stringer & Sloan, 2023" authorityName="Stringer & Sloan" authorityYear="2023" box="[390,613,1667,1697]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="belli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FE4DF971FD91F946" box="[390,613,1667,1697]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Palaeogadus? belli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8AA157F4256FFF95FDA2F971FD30F946" box="[617,708,1669,1695]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE58256FFF95FD06F971FCD4F946" box="[717,800,1669,1695]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">DMNH</collectionCode>
|
||||
<date id="D758105D256FFF95FFBBF95CFEF2F91B" box="[112,262,1704,1730]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" value="2021-09-21">2021-09-21</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<quantity id="641E9B78256FFF95FED9F95CFE76F91B" box="[274,386,1704,1730]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.34" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="2.34">2.34 mm</quantity>
|
||||
. Same locality as
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C5D883F256FFF95FD91F953FD3FF918" box="[602,715,1703,1729]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256FFF95FF5BF93EFB70FEFA" blockId="15.[112,800,1070,1943]" lastBlockId="15.[833,1522,194,1940]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FF5BF93EFEBEF93D" bold="true" box="[144,330,1738,1764]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Occurrence—</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="138E3CC0256FFF95FE81F93FFF04F896" country="United States of America" county="Lonoke County" elevation="23" latitude="34.94129" location="Cabot" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-92.04415" municipality="Station" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arkansas" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C5D883F256FFF95FE81F93FFE7DF93C" box="[330,393,1739,1765]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality:
|
||||
<location id="A6396046256FFF95FDCAF93FFDB8F93C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F878B256FFF8BFED5FC2CFCD4FA9A:A6396046256FFF95FDCAF93FFDB8F93C" box="[513,588,1739,1765]" country="United States of America" county="Lonoke County" latitude="34.94129" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-92.04415" municipality="Station" name="Cabot" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" stateProvince="Arkansas">Cabot</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="4A384E11256FFF95FD90F93FFCEFF93C" box="[603,795,1739,1765]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Lonoke County</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F256FFF95FFBBF91AFF1CF8D1" box="[112,232,1774,1800]" country="United States of America" name="Arkansas" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Arkansas</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBF1760D256FFF95FF3CF91AFEDFF8D1" box="[247,299,1774,1800]" name="United States of America" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
; coordinates:
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C6D2505A256FFF95FE3BF91AFD88F8D1" box="[496,636,1774,1800]" degrees="34.941292" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" precision="1" value="34.94129">34.941292</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C6D2505A256FFF95FD47F91AFCD4F8D0" box="[652,800,1774,1801]" degrees="92.044155" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" precision="1" value="-92.04415">-92.044155</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<location id="A6396046256FFF95FFB3F8E5FF24F8F2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F878B256FFF8BFED5FC2CFCD4FA9A:A6396046256FFF95FFB3F8E5FF24F8F2" box="[120,208,1809,1835]" country="United States of America" county="Lonoke County" latitude="34.94129" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-92.04415" municipality="Station" name="Boring" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" stateProvince="Arkansas">Boring</location>
|
||||
5;
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="433DACE7256FFF95FF36F8E5FEA3F8F2" box="[253,343,1809,1835]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Station</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
266;
|
||||
<quantity id="641E9B78256FFF95FE68F8E5FD97F8F5" box="[419,611,1809,1836]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.309" metricValueMax="2.332" metricValueMin="2.286" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="23.09" valueMax="23.32" valueMin="22.86">
|
||||
<elevation id="28CBD1AE256FFF95FE68F8E5FD97F8F5" box="[419,611,1809,1836]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.309" metricValueMax="2.332" metricValueMin="2.286" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="23.09" valueMax="23.32" valueMin="22.86">22.86–23.32 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
below ground elevation)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="138E3CC0256FFF95FECAF8C0FB74FEFA" country="United States of America" county="The" latitude="34.940025" location="Arkadelphia Formation" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-92.04023" municipality="upper Maastrichtian" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arkansas" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<location id="A6396046256FFF95FECAF8C0FDD8F897" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F878B256FFF8BFED5FC2CFCD4FA9A:A6396046256FFF95FECAF8C0FDD8F897" box="[257,556,1844,1870]" country="United States of America" county="The" latitude="34.940025" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-92.04023" municipality="upper Maastrichtian" name="Arkadelphia Formation" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" stateProvince="Arkansas">Arkadelphia Formation</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="A6396046256FFF95FDF0F8C1FCD4F897" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F878B256FFF8BFED5FC2CFCD4FA9A:A6396046256FFF95FDF0F8C1FCD4F897" box="[571,800,1844,1871]" country="United States of America" county="The" latitude="34.940025" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-92.04023" municipality="upper Maastrichtian" name="Upper Cretaceous" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" stateProvince="Arkansas">Upper Cretaceous</location>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="433DACE7256FFF95FFB2F8ACFE8CF8AB" box="[121,376,1879,1906]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">upper Maastrichtian</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="4A384E11256FFF95FE43F8A3FE43F8A8" box="[392,439,1879,1905]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">The</collectingCounty>
|
||||
coordinates for the four other borings that yielded
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256FFF95FEB0F88FFD95F84C" authority="Stringer & Sloan, 2023" authorityName="Stringer & Sloan" authorityYear="2023" box="[379,609,1913,1943]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="belli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FEB0F88FFDE3F84E" box="[379,535,1915,1943]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Palaeogadus</emphasis>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FDE6F88DFD95F84C" box="[557,609,1913,1941]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">belli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8AA157F4256FFF95FDA0F88FFD3EF84C" box="[619,714,1915,1941]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
are as follows: B6 (
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C6D2505A256FFF95FC28FF36FB84FF05" box="[995,1136,194,220]" degrees="34.941187" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" precision="1" value="34.94119">34.941187</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C6D2505A256FFF95FBB5FF36FAE0FF05" box="[1150,1300,194,220]" degrees="92.043788" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" precision="1" value="-92.043785">-92.043788</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), B8 (
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C6D2505A256FFF95FAABFF36FA18FF05" box="[1376,1516,194,220]" degrees="34.940683" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" precision="1" value="34.94068">34.940683</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C6D2505A256FFF95FC8AFF11FC29FED9" box="[833,989,229,256]" degrees="92.042295" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" precision="1" value="-92.0423">-92.042295</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), B9 (
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C6D2505A256FFF95FBE6FF11FB4BFED9" box="[1069,1215,229,256]" degrees="34.940450" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" precision="1" value="34.94045">34.940450</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C6D2505A256FFF95FB05FF11FA9EFED9" box="[1230,1386,229,256]" degrees="92.041533" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" precision="1" value="-92.041534">-92.041533</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), and B10 (
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C6D2505A256FFF95FC81FEFDFC22FEFA" box="[842,982,265,291]" degrees="34.940027" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" precision="1" value="34.940025">34.940027</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C6D2505A256FFF95FC2AFEFDFB8CFEFA" box="[993,1144,265,291]" degrees="92.040231" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" precision="1" value="-92.04023">-92.040231</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256FFF95FCAAFED8FAD0FE0B" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256FFF95FCAAFED8FAD0FE0B" blockId="15.[833,1522,194,1940]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FCAAFED8FBE6FE9F" bold="true" box="[865,1042,300,326]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Etymology—</emphasis>
|
||||
Species named for retired Professor Dennis Bell (Monroe,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F256FFF95FB9FFEBBFB3BFEB0" box="[1108,1231,335,361]" country="United States of America" name="Louisiana" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Louisiana</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBF1760D256FFF95FB17FEBBFAE7FEB0" box="[1244,1299,335,361]" name="United States of America" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
) for his extensive assistance in paleontological vertebrate and invertebrate research, especially in the areas of photography of fossils and preparation of manuscript figures.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256FFF95FCAAFE2FFB9FF985" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256FFF95FCAAFE2FFA06FC3A" blockId="15.[833,1522,194,1940]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FCAAFE2FFBD1FE2C" bold="true" box="[865,1061,475,501]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Description—</emphasis>
|
||||
Sagitta is moderately compressed. Shape is elongated and is best described as oblong (
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FA64FE0AFA05FDC3" box="[1455,1521,510,538]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">sensu</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256FFF95FC8AFDD6FBEBFDE4" author="Smale, M. & G. Watson & T. Hecht" box="[833,1055,546,573]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 253" refId="ref30467" refString="Smale, M., G. Watson, and T. Hecht. 1995. Otolith atlas of southern African marine fishes. Ichthyological Monographs of the J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 1: 1 - 253." type="journal article" year="1995">Smale et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Larger specimens tend to be more elongated and narrower posteriorly. Margins are crenulated, especially on the dorsal and ventral margins (all specimens were less than
|
||||
<quantity id="641E9B78256FFF95FB4FFD78FB16FD7F" box="[1156,1250,652,679]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in length). The dorsal margin tends to have more and deeper crenulations. Anterior margin is somewhat compressed but primarily rounded. Dorsal margin is more broadly rounded on smaller specimens, but a diagnostic anterodorsal (predorsal) dome becomes evident in specimens greater than 2.0 mm. Posterior margin is similar to anterior margin but tends to become more compressed and pointed in the larger specimens. The ventral margin is gently but unevenly curved and can be almost horizontal in the center.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256FFF95FCAAFC18FB9FF985" blockId="15.[833,1522,194,1940]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
The inner face is convex with a long, homosulcoid-type sulcus. The sulcus extends from almost the anterior to very near the posterior to the extent it could be classified as pseudo-ostiocaudal as defined by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256FFF95FACFFBA1FA18FBA9" author="Smale, M. & G. Watson & T. Hecht" box="[1284,1516,1109,1136]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 253" refId="ref30467" refString="Smale, M., G. Watson, and T. Hecht. 1995. Otolith atlas of southern African marine fishes. Ichthyological Monographs of the J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 1: 1 - 253." type="journal article" year="1995">Smale et al. (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. There is a fairly narrow collum between the ostium and the cauda. The ostium and cauda are both elongated, compressed ovals in shape and are similar in length. Colliculi are present in the ostium and cauda and approach very closely to the collum. The dorsal depression is found primarily above the collum. The dorsal depression is small, elongated but somewhat irregular, and best defined on its ventral margin. The ventral furrow is present and is very close to the ventral edge in the center. However, the ventral furrow curves strongly away from the anteroventral and posteroventral margins toward the sulcus. The outer face is irregular with a characteristic hollowing in the central dorsal area, especially in the larger of the specimens.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256FFF8BFCAAF991FCD4FA9A" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D256FFF8BFCAAF991FD4CFDC3" blockId="15.[833,1522,194,1940]" lastBlockId="17.[112,800,195,1347]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FCAAF991FC03F9A6" bold="true" box="[865,1015,1637,1663]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Remarks—</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256FFF95FC3CF991FB28F9A6" authority="Stringer & Sloan, 2023" authorityName="Stringer & Sloan" authorityYear="2023" box="[1015,1244,1635,1665]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="belli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FC3CF991FB28F9A6" box="[1015,1244,1635,1665]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Palaeogadus? belli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8AA157F4256FFF95FB2EF991FAB7F9A6" box="[1253,1347,1637,1663]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
has gadiform features that seem to place it into the family
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256FFF95FA44F973FC64F91D" authorityName="RAFINESQUE" authorityYear="1815" family="Merlucciidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Merlucciidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The species is similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256FFF95FB21F95FFB0DF93E" authority="Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020 a)" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="weltoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FB21F95FFA05F91C" box="[1258,1521,1705,1735]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Palaeogadus weltoni</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256FFF95FC8AF939FB0DF93E" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" box="[833,1273,1741,1767]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
described from the Upper Cretaceous (upper Maastrichtian) Kemp Clay in northeast Texas (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256FFF95FBE3F8E6FA2BF8F5" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" box="[1064,1503,1810,1836]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer 2020a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Morphological features similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256FFF95FB21F8C7FAABF896" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[1258,1375,1843,1871]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="weltoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F256FFF95FB21F8C7FAABF896" box="[1258,1375,1843,1871]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">P. weltoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
include the nearly equal length of the ostium and cauda, no pseudocolliculum in the collum, and the similar shape of the ventral furrow. However, there are some features that readily distinguish it from
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFE74FF11FDCEFED8" box="[447,570,229,257]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2571FF8BFE74FF11FDC2FED8" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[447,566,229,257]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="weltoni">P. weltoni</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
These include the development of a fairly prominent anterodorsal dome by specimens greater than 2.0 mm and a narrow collum with the ostial and caudal colliculi situated very near the collum.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2571FF8BFF1EFE87FE4FFE54" authorityName="Stringer & Sloan" authorityYear="2023" box="[213,443,369,399]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="belli">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFF1EFE87FE4FFE54" box="[213,443,369,399]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Palaeogadus? belli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
also shows similarity to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2571FF8BFCCAFE85FE0CFE68" authority="Schwarzhans (2012)" authorityName="Schwarzhans" authorityYear="2012" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bratishkoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFCCAFE85FCE1FE54" box="[769,789,369,397]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">P.</emphasis>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFFBBFE61FF18FE68" box="[112,236,405,433]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">bratishkoi</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2571FF8BFF3FFE62FE0CFE68" author="Schwarzhans, W." box="[244,504,406,433]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 88" refId="ref29761" refString="Schwarzhans, W. 2012. Fish otoliths from the Paleocene of Bavaria (Kressenberg) and Austria (Kroisbach and Oiching-Graben). Palaeo Ichthyologica 12: 1 - 88." type="journal article" year="2012">Schwarzhans (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
known from Paleocene (Thanetian) of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBF1760D2571FF8BFEFBFE4DFE7FFE0A" box="[304,395,441,467]" name="Austria" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Austria</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and is especially evident in the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C5D883F2571FF8BFFBBFE28FF2BFE2F" box="[112,223,476,502]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(fig. 110a) and two of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C5D883F2571FF8BFDE3FE29FD51FE2E" box="[552,677,477,503]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
(figs. 112 and 113) as illustrated in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2571FF8BFE7BFDF4FD47FDC3" author="Schwarzhans, W." box="[432,691,512,538]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 88" refId="ref29761" refString="Schwarzhans, W. 2012. Fish otoliths from the Paleocene of Bavaria (Kressenberg) and Austria (Kroisbach and Oiching-Graben). Palaeo Ichthyologica 12: 1 - 88." type="journal article" year="2012">Schwarzhans (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="F79966152570FF8AFFBAF903FAB8F84D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913434" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10913434" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913434/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" startId="16.[113,188,1783,1807]" targetBox="[224,1419,194,1766]" targetPageId="16" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2570FF8AFFBAF903FA3FF89D" blockId="16.[113,1509,1783,1942]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2570FF8AFFBAF903FF23F8D6" bold="true" box="[113,215,1783,1807]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||||
Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Length in mm.
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2570FF8AFE86F8E5FEAAF8F0" bold="true" box="[333,350,1809,1833]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">A</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2570FF8AFEA3F8E7FC2FF8F3" authority="? Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020 b)" authorityName="? Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[360,987,1810,1835]" family="Ichthyotringidae" genus="Apateodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aulopiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crenellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2570FF8AFEA3F8E7FDA5F8F2" box="[360,593,1811,1835]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Apateodus crenellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2570FF8AFDAAF8E6FC2FF8F3" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" box="[609,987,1810,1834]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="111 - 155" refId="ref30115" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 b. In Stringer, G., W. Schwarzhans, G. Phillips, and R. Lambert. 2020. Highly diversified Late Cretaceous fish assemblage revealed by otoliths (Ripley For- mation and Owl Creek Formation, northeast Mississippi, USA). Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (1): 111 - 155." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, DMNH 2021-09-17, 1.78 mm.
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2570FF8AFAE3F8E6FACBF8F3" bold="true" box="[1320,1343,1810,1834]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">B.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2570FF8AFA8FF8E7FF6AF89C" authority="Stringer & Sloan, 2023" authorityName="Stringer & Sloan" authorityYear="2023" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="belli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2570FF8AFA8FF8E7FA3EF8F2" box="[1348,1482,1811,1835]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Palaeogadus</emphasis>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2570FF8AFFBAF8D9FF6AF89C" box="[113,158,1837,1861]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">belli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8AA157F42570FF8AFF6FF8D9FF00F89D" box="[164,244,1837,1860]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
, DMNH 2021-09-18, 1.25 mm (paratype).
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2570FF8AFD71F8D8FD3AF89D" bold="true" box="[698,718,1836,1860]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">C.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2570FF8AFD1FF8D9FC6CF89C" authority="Stringer & Sloan, 2023" authorityName="Stringer & Sloan" authorityYear="2023" box="[724,920,1836,1861]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="belli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2570FF8AFD1FF8D9FCAEF89C" box="[724,858,1837,1861]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Palaeogadus</emphasis>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2570FF8AFCA0F8D9FC6CF89C" box="[875,920,1837,1861]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">belli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8AA157F42570FF8AFC56F8D9FC18F89D" box="[925,1004,1837,1860]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
, DMNH 2021-09-19, 1.78 mm (paratype).
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2570FF8AFA7FF8D8FA3FF89D" bold="true" box="[1460,1483,1836,1860]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">D.</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2570FF8AFFBAF8BCFAB8F84D" blockId="16.[113,1509,1783,1942]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2570FF8AFFBAF8BCFEC1F8B9" authority="Stringer & Sloan, 2023" authorityName="Stringer & Sloan" authorityYear="2023" box="[113,309,1863,1888]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="belli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2570FF8AFFBAF8BCFF03F8B9" box="[113,247,1864,1888]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Palaeogadus</emphasis>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2570FF8AFEC3F8BCFEC1F8B9" box="[264,309,1864,1888]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">belli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8AA157F42570FF8AFEF1F8B3FE7FF887" box="[314,395,1863,1886]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
, 2021-09-20, 2.21 mm (paratype).
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2570FF8AFCC8F8B3FCE6F886" bold="true" box="[771,786,1863,1887]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">E</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2570FF8AFCD7F8BCFC14F8B9" authority="Stringer & Sloan, 2023" authorityName="Stringer & Sloan" authorityYear="2023" box="[796,992,1863,1888]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="belli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2570FF8AFCD7F8BCFC56F8B9" box="[796,930,1864,1888]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Palaeogadus</emphasis>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2570FF8AFC78F8BCFC14F8B9" box="[947,992,1864,1888]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">belli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8AA157F42570FF8AFC2DF8B3FBC2F887" box="[998,1078,1863,1886]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
, DMNH 2021-09-21, 2.34 mm (paratype).
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2570FF8AFF7EF896FF37F8A3" bold="true" box="[181,195,1890,1914]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">F</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2570FF8AFF05F897FE66F8A2" authority="Stringer & Sloan, 2023" authorityName="Stringer & Sloan" authorityYear="2023" box="[206,402,1890,1915]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="belli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2570FF8AFF05F897FEA0F8A2" box="[206,340,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Palaeogadus</emphasis>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2570FF8AFEAEF897FE66F8A2" box="[357,402,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">belli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8AA157F42570FF8AFE5CF896FE1CF8A0" box="[407,488,1890,1913]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
, DMNH 2021-09-22, 3.13 mm (holotype).
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2570FF8AFC67F895FC48F8A0" bold="true" box="[940,956,1889,1913]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2570FF8AFC03F897FB7FF8A2" authority="Stringer & Sloan, 2023" authorityName="Stringer & Sloan" authorityYear="2023" box="[968,1163,1890,1915]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="belli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2570FF8AFC03F897FBBAF8A2" box="[968,1102,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Palaeogadus</emphasis>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2570FF8AFB95F897FB7FF8A2" box="[1118,1163,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">belli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8AA157F42570FF8AFB5AF896FB16F8A0" box="[1169,1250,1890,1913]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
, DMNH 2021-09-22, 3.13 mm (holotype, outer view).
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2570FF8AFE19F888FE10F84D" bold="true" box="[466,484,1916,1940]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">H</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2570FF8AFE21F88AFD5AF84F" authority="Stringer & Sloan, 2023" authorityName="Stringer & Sloan" authorityYear="2023" box="[490,686,1916,1942]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="belli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2570FF8AFE21F88AFD84F84F" box="[490,624,1918,1942]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Palaeogadus</emphasis>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2570FF8AFD4AF88AFD5AF84F" box="[641,686,1918,1942]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">belli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8AA157F42570FF8AFD78F889FCF0F84D" box="[691,772,1917,1940]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
, DMNH 2021-09-22, 3.13 mm (holotype, dorsal view).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2571FF8BFF5BFDD7FCD4FA9A" blockId="17.[112,800,195,1347]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2571FF8BFF5BFDD7FE87FDE4" authorityName="Stringer & Sloan" authorityYear="2023" box="[144,371,545,575]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="belli">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFF5BFDD7FE87FDE4" box="[144,371,545,575]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Palaeogadus? belli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is one of the most common specimens in the Arkadelphia Formation comprising 7.02% of the total assemblage. It is only surpassed by the extremely abundant
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2571FF8BFEB0FD7FFDC3FD7E" authorityName="Frizzell" authorityYear="1965" box="[379,567,651,679]" family="Vorhisiidae" genus="Vorhisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulpes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFEB0FD7FFDC3FD7E" box="[379,567,651,679]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Vorhisia vulpes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFDB1FD79FF4CFD13" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2571FF8BFDB1FD79FCD4FD70" box="[634,800,653,681]" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="17" pageNumber="32" rank="genus">Eutawichthys</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2571FF8BFFBBFD5AFF4CFD13" authorityName="Nolf and Stringer" authorityYear="1996" box="[112,184,686,714]" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" rank="species" species="zideki">zideki</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
. Unfortunately, all of the gadiform specimens from the Arkadelphia are small (around
|
||||
<quantity id="641E9B782571FF8BFDE8FD27FD75FD34" box="[547,641,723,749]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="3.1">3.1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in length for the best-preserved specimens), and some are poorly preserved. In spite of the size and preservation, there are features that indicate that the otoliths could belong to the merlucciid genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2571FF8BFE85FC94FE1EFCA5" authorityName="RATH" authorityYear="1859" box="[334,490,864,892]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFE85FC94FE1EFCA5" box="[334,490,864,892]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Palaeogadus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
to which it is tentatively assigned. However, it is important to note that there are many primitive features present in the Late Cretaceous
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2571FF8BFCC9FC51FF57FC3D" authorityName="Stringer & Sloan" authorityYear="2023" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="belli">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFCC9FC51FCE1FC18" box="[770,789,933,961]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">P.</emphasis>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFFBBFC3CFF57FC3D" box="[112,163,968,996]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">belli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and there is the distinct possibility that it represents an unknown fossil genus that may also include
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2571FF8BFD65FC1FFCD4FBDE" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[686,800,1003,1031]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="weltoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFD65FC1FFCD4FBDE" box="[686,800,1003,1031]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">P. weltoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
of
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2571FF8BFF59FBE4FDBAFBF3" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" box="[146,590,1040,1066]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and possibly
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2571FF8BFCCAFBFAFF18FB94" authorityName="Schwarzhans" authorityYear="2012" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bratishkoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFCCAFBFAFCE1FBF3" box="[769,789,1038,1066]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">P.</emphasis>
|
||||
?
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFFBBFBC5FF18FB94" box="[112,236,1073,1101]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">bratishkoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
of
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2571FF8BFEDCFBC7FDE9FB94" author="Schwarzhans, W." box="[279,541,1075,1101]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 88" refId="ref29761" refString="Schwarzhans, W. 2012. Fish otoliths from the Paleocene of Bavaria (Kressenberg) and Austria (Kroisbach and Oiching-Graben). Palaeo Ichthyologica 12: 1 - 88." type="journal article" year="2012">Schwarzhans (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. The relatively large percentage of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2571FF8BFED4FBA2FE83FBA8" authorityName="Stringer & Sloan" authorityYear="2023" box="[287,375,1109,1138]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="belli">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFED4FBA2FE83FBA8" box="[287,375,1109,1138]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">P.? belli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, a putative cool-water form, in the Arkadelphia Formation at the Cabot site in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2571FF8BFD5BFB8DFCF0FB4A" box="[656,772,1145,1171]" country="United States of America" name="Arkansas" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Arkansas</collectingRegion>
|
||||
is certainly important in the determination and evaluation of the paleoenvironment and paleogeography in this portion of the Gulf Coastal Plain during the late Maastrichtian. This importance is addressed further and in greater detail in the “Paleoecology and Paleogeography” section.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
199
data/2B/4F/87/2B4F878B2571FF89FC90FA76FCFCFC8E.xml
Normal file
199
data/2B/4F/87/2B4F878B2571FF89FC90FA76FCFCFC8E.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
|
|||
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<mods:title id="AA43DE7D86472A40B81725BCCD35C65E">First Cretaceous teleostean otolith assemblage (Arkadelphia Formation, upper Maastrichtian) from Arkansas, USA, early Gadiformes, and the Western Interior Seaway</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="12133DF138F753FC7BA443C3917F80D3">Stringer, Gary L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="780A59712B02A31027CE3DD5A1115134">Sloan, James Carson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="DBD20985B478112C8BAC3B70BDE84281">PaleoBios</mods:title>
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<treatment id="2B4F878B2571FF89FC90FA76FCFCFC8E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F878B2571FF89FC90FA76FCFCFC8E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B4F878B2571FF89FC90FA76FCFCFC8E" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
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<subSubSection id="EBFC65162571FF8BFC90FA76FA21FA42" box="[859,1493,1410,1437]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A359369D2571FF8BFC90FA76FA21FA42" blockId="17.[859,1493,1316,1473]" box="[859,1493,1410,1437]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
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<heading id="F81181F12571FF8BFC90FA76FA21FA42" box="[859,1493,1410,1437]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2571FF8BFC90FA76FA21FA42" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[859,1493,1410,1437]" genus="Tippaha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Holocentriformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" rank="species" species="mythica">
|
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFC90FA76FBC5FA44" box="[859,1073,1410,1437]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
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<collectionCode id="C5F7AE582571FF8BFC90FA76FC34FA42" box="[859,960,1410,1435]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">TIPPAHA</collectionCode>
|
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<collectionCode id="C5F7AE582571FF8BFC0DFA70FBC5FA44" box="[966,1073,1412,1437]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">MYTHICA</collectionCode>
|
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</emphasis>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE582571FF8BFBFCFA70FB2FFA45" box="[1079,1243,1412,1436]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">SCHWARZHANS</collectionCode>
|
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<collectionCode id="C5F7AE582571FF8BFB29FA70FAE4FA45" box="[1250,1296,1412,1436]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">AND</collectionCode>
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<collectionCode id="C5F7AE582571FF8BFADEFA70FA77FA45" box="[1301,1411,1412,1436]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">STRINGER</collectionCode>
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, 2020a
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162571FF8BFBBAFA5DFB4AFA18" box="[1137,1214,1449,1473]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="A359369D2571FF8BFBBAFA5DFB4AFA18" blockId="17.[859,1493,1316,1473]" box="[1137,1214,1449,1473]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BDD2A182571FF8BFBBAFA5DFB4AFA18" box="[1137,1214,1449,1473]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[115,190,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox="[243,1396,192,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-15@18.[243,1396,192,1709]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8. Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Lapilli are macular views. Length in mm. A. Palaeogadus cf. P. weltoni Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09- 23, 1.46 mm. B. Gadiformes indeterminate, DMNH 2021-09-24, 1.56 mm. C. Tippaha mythica Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09-25, 3.85 mm. D. Eutawichthys maastrichtiensis Nolf and Stringer (1996), DMNH 2021-09-26, 3.93 mm. E. Eutawichthys zideki Nolf and Stringer (1996), DMNH 2021-09-27, 1.42 mm. F.Eutawichthys cf. E. stringeri Schwarzhans, Huddleston, and Takeuchi (2018b), DMNH 2021-09-28, 1.85 mm. G. Ampheristus cf. A. americanus Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09-29, 1.58 mm. H. Protobythities brzobohatyi Schwarzhans (2010), DMNH 2021-09-30, 1.68 mm. I. Lapillus type 1, DMNH 2021-09-31, 2.98 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913436/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">FIG. 8C</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162571FF8BFCABFA2EFC2FF9E5" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2571FF8BFCABFA2EFC2FF9E5" blockId="17.[832,1520,1498,1944]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFCABFA2EFC04FA2D" bold="true" box="[864,1008,1498,1524]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Material—</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="138E3CC02571FF8BFC24FA2EFC2CF9E5" collectionCode="DMNH" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" specimenCode="DMNH 2021-09, 25" specimenCount="8">
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5E0FD142571FF8BFC24FA2EFB43FA2D" box="[1007,1207,1498,1524]" count="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" type="generic">eight specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
including three complete well-preserved specimens, specimen figured,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F3409EE62571FF8BFA50FA0AFC5AF9E5" collectionCode="DMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" type="Museum">
|
||||
DMNH
|
||||
<date id="D758105D2571FF8BFC8BF9D5FC2FF9E5" box="[832,987,1569,1596]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" value="2021-09-25">
|
||||
2021-09-
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F3409EE62571FF8BFC7CF9D5FC2CF9E5" box="[951,984,1569,1596]" collectionCode="DMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" type="Museum">25</specimenCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162571FF89FCABF9B7FCFCFC8E" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2571FF89FCABF9B7FD1FFE2F" blockId="17.[832,1520,1498,1944]" lastBlockId="19.[112,800,195,855]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFCABF9B7FB1BF987" bold="true" box="[864,1263,1603,1630]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Description and Remarks—</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFB3BF9B6FA3BF9B9" box="[1264,1487,1602,1632]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Tippaha mythica</emphasis>
|
||||
is certainly the most unique and impressive otolith in the Arkadelphia Formation assemblage based on its distinctive morphological characteristics. The basic outline is somewhat oblong to elliptic (
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFB7DF93AFB0DF933" box="[1206,1273,1742,1770]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">sensu</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2571FF8BFAC9F93BFA2BF933" author="Smale, M. & G. Watson & T. Hecht" box="[1282,1503,1743,1770]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 253" refId="ref30467" refString="Smale, M., G. Watson, and T. Hecht. 1995. Otolith atlas of southern African marine fishes. Ichthyological Monographs of the J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 1: 1 - 253." type="journal article" year="1995">Smale et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), but there are numerous features that modify the shape. The convex inner face has a distinct and characteristic pseudobiostial sulcus that is primarily shallow except for a slightly deeper posterior portion of the cauda. An exceptional feature of the anterior portion of the cauda is the fading of its dorsal margin toward the moderately deep, well-marked, oval dorsal depression. There is no ventral furrow, but a long, obvious ventral depression is present under the sulcus. The most prominent feature is a long, fairly narrow predorsal projection that typically leans anteriorly at about 65–
|
||||
<superScript id="54939BD52573FF89FE1DFE87FDF4FE5F" attach="none" box="[470,512,371,398]" fontSize="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">750</superScript>
|
||||
. The length of this conspicuous protuberance is often 25–30% of the length of the otolith. The outer face is usually irregular and nearly flat except for the massive predorsal protuberance.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="F79966152572FF88FFB8F930FE97F84F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913436" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10913436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913436/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" startId="18.[115,190,1732,1756]" targetBox="[243,1396,192,1709]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2572FF88FFB8F930FE97F84F" blockId="18.[115,1520,1732,1943]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2572FF88FFB8F930FF2CF905" bold="true" box="[115,216,1732,1756]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Figure 8.</emphasis>
|
||||
Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Lapilli are macular views. Length in mm.
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2572FF88FD47F92BFD55F92E" bold="true" box="[652,673,1759,1783]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">A.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2572FF88FD63F914FCDAF921" authorityName="RATH" authorityYear="1859" box="[680,814,1760,1784]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2572FF88FD63F914FCDAF921" box="[680,814,1760,1784]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Palaeogadus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
cf.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2572FF88FC9AF914FAC6F92E" authority="Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020 a)" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[849,1330,1759,1784]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="weltoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2572FF88FC9AF914FC41F921" box="[849,949,1760,1784]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">P. weltoni</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2572FF88FC71F92BFAC6F92E" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" box="[954,1330,1759,1783]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, DMNH 2021-09- 23, 1.46 mm.
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2572FF88FEC8F90EFEE7F8CB" bold="true" box="[259,275,1786,1810]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">B</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2572FF88FED4F90EFDC8F8CB" authority="indeterminate" authorityName="INDETERMINATE" box="[287,572,1786,1810]" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Gadiformes indeterminate</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, DMNH 2021-09-24, 1.56 mm.
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2572FF88FC42F90DFC69F8C8" bold="true" box="[905,925,1785,1809]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">C.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2572FF88FC68F90FFBA1F8CA" box="[931,1109,1787,1811]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Tippaha mythica</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2572FF88FB90F90EFA27F8CB" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" box="[1115,1491,1786,1810]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, DMNH 2021-09-25, 3.85 mm.
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2572FF88FE7DF8E0FE39F8F5" bold="true" box="[438,461,1812,1836]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">D.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2572FF88FE18F8E2FD95F8F7" box="[467,609,1814,1838]" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2572FF88FE18F8E2FD95F8F7" box="[467,609,1814,1838]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Eutawichthys</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2572FF88FDADF8E2FBD0F8F5" authority="Nolf and Stringer (1996)" authorityName="Nolf and Stringer" authorityYear="1996" box="[614,1060,1812,1838]" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="maastrichtiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2572FF88FDADF8E2FCE0F8F7" box="[614,788,1814,1838]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">maastrichtiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2572FF88FCD1F8E0FBD0F8F5" author="Nolf, D. & G. Stringer" box="[794,1060,1812,1836]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" refId="ref28556" refString="Nolf, D., and G. Stringer. 1996. Cretaceous fish otoliths: a synthesis of the North American record. Pp. 433 - 459 in G. Arratia and G. Viohl (eds.). Mesozoic Fishes - Systematics and Paleoecology. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, Munich, Germany." type="book" year="1996">Nolf and Stringer (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, DMNH 2021-09-26, 3.93 mm.
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2572FF88FAB9F8E0FA72F8F5" bold="true" box="[1394,1414,1812,1836]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">E.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2572FF88FA47F8E2FF24F891" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2572FF88FA47F8E2FF24F891" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Eutawichthys</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2572FF88FF1EF8C4FDD7F89E" authority="Nolf and Stringer (1996)" authorityName="Nolf and Stringer" authorityYear="1996" box="[213,547,1839,1864]" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="zideki">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2572FF88FF1EF8C4FEE7F891" box="[213,275,1840,1864]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">zideki</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2572FF88FED2F8DBFDD7F89E" author="Nolf, D. & G. Stringer" box="[281,547,1839,1863]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" refId="ref28556" refString="Nolf, D., and G. Stringer. 1996. Cretaceous fish otoliths: a synthesis of the North American record. Pp. 433 - 459 in G. Arratia and G. Viohl (eds.). Mesozoic Fishes - Systematics and Paleoecology. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, Munich, Germany." type="book" year="1996">Nolf and Stringer (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, DMNH 2021-09-27, 1.42 mm.
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2572FF88FCBAF8DBFC71F89E" bold="true" box="[881,901,1839,1863]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">F.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2572FF88FC43F8C4FBE2F891" box="[904,1046,1840,1864]" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="18" pageNumber="32" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2572FF88FC43F8C4FBE2F891" box="[904,1046,1840,1864]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Eutawichthys</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
cf.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2572FF88FBF2F8C4FE95F8BB" authority="Schwarzhans, Huddleston, and Takeuchi (2018 b)" authorityName="Schwarzhans, Huddleston, and Takeuchi" authorityYear="2018" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="stringeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2572FF88FBF2F8C4FB59F891" box="[1081,1197,1840,1864]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">E. stringeri</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2572FF88FB79F8DBFE95F8BB" author="Schwarzhans, W. & R. Huddleston & G. Takeuchi" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" pagination="45 - 72" refId="ref30188" refString="Schwarzhans, W., R. Huddleston, and G. Takeuchi. 2018 b. A Late Santonian fish-fauna from the Eutaw Formation of Alabama reconstructed from otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 124 (1): 45 - 72." type="journal article" year="2018">Schwarzhans, Huddleston, and Takeuchi (2018b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, DMNH 2021-09-28, 1.85 mm.
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2572FF88FD65F8BDFD30F8B8" bold="true" box="[686,708,1865,1889]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">G.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2572FF88FD01F8BFFCBAF8BA" authorityName="KONIG" authorityYear="1825" box="[714,846,1867,1891]" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Ampheristus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2572FF88FD01F8BFFCBAF8BA" box="[714,846,1867,1891]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Ampheristus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
cf.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2572FF88FCB9F8BFFA70F8BB" authority="Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020 a)" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[882,1412,1866,1891]" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Ampheristus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="americanus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2572FF88FCB9F8BFFBF2F8BA" box="[882,1030,1867,1891]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">A. americanus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2572FF88FBC7F8BEFA70F8BB" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" box="[1036,1412,1866,1890]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, DMNH 2021-09-29, 1.58 mm.
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2572FF88FEA3F890FE75F8A5" bold="true" box="[360,385,1892,1916]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">H.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2572FF88FE4DF892FD6DF8A7" box="[390,665,1894,1918]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Protobythities brzobohaty</emphasis>
|
||||
i
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2572FF88FD6DF890FC72F8A5" author="Schwarzhans, W." box="[678,902,1892,1916]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 100" refId="ref29730" refString="Schwarzhans, W. 2010. Otolithen aus den Gerhartsceiter Schichten (Oberkreide: Maastricht) des Gerhartsreiter Grabens (Oberbayern). Palaeo Ichthyologica 4: 1 - 100." type="journal article" year="2010">Schwarzhans (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, DMNH 2021-09-30, 1.68 mm.
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2572FF88FB18F890FB16F8A5" bold="true" box="[1235,1250,1892,1916]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">I.</emphasis>
|
||||
Lapillus type 1, DMNH 2021-09-31, 2.98 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2573FF89FF5BFDF4FCFCFC8E" blockId="19.[112,800,195,855]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
Stringer et al. (2020) noted that
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2573FF89FDD3FE0AFD66FDC5" box="[536,658,510,540]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE582573FF89FDD3FE0AFDDCFDC3" box="[536,552,510,538]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">T</collectionCode>
|
||||
. mythica
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
is probably the most distinct and remarkable otolith morphology presently known from the Cretaceous. In addition to the
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5E0FD142573FF89FF69FD9DFE9BFD5A" box="[162,367,617,643]" count="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="generic">eight specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
from the Arkadelphia Formation,
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2573FF89FFBBFD7FFF19FD70" box="[112,237,651,681]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE582573FF89FFBBFD7FFF74FD7E" box="[112,128,651,679]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">T</collectionCode>
|
||||
. mythica
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
is known from the Ripley Formation and the
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="4A384E112573FF89FFBBFD44FF01FD13" box="[112,245,688,714]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Owl Creek</collectingCounty>
|
||||
Formation, both
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="433DACE72573FF89FE1DFD44FD4EFD13" box="[470,698,688,714]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Upper Cretaceous</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
sites in northeastern
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2573FF89FED7FD27FE5CFD34" box="[284,424,723,749]" country="United States of America" name="Mississippi" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Mississippi</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(Stringer et al. 2020) and the Providence Sand in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2573FF89FEA4FD02FE2AFCC9" box="[367,478,758,784]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Alabama</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, according to
|
||||
<collectorName id="0E13534B2573FF89FD5FFD03FCEFFCC9" box="[660,795,758,785]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">J. Ebersole</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="A63960462573FF89FFBBFCEDFE78FCEA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F878B2571FF89FC90FA76FCFCFC8E:A63960462573FF89FFBBFCEDFE78FCEA" box="[112,396,793,819]" county="Owl Creek" municipality="Upper Cretaceous" name="Director of Collections" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Mississippi">Director of Collections</location>
|
||||
at McWane Science Center,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2573FF89FD3BFCEDFE95FC8F" isEnumeration="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Birmingham, Alabama</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(personal communication, 2020).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
84
data/2B/4F/87/2B4F878B2571FF8BFC29FDAAFA53FADB.xml
Normal file
84
data/2B/4F/87/2B4F878B2571FF8BFC29FDAAFA53FADB.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
|
|||
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<mods:mods id="EDE88AA14E55D9C4C2FBA1F44FE9EDDF" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B889991E8BB35A0E44AA258919A0E286">
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<mods:title id="5B4270254B05FC0DD87515F180ACBC8E">First Cretaceous teleostean otolith assemblage (Arkadelphia Formation, upper Maastrichtian) from Arkansas, USA, early Gadiformes, and the Western Interior Seaway</mods:title>
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|
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<mods:name id="0C00E30303B2A7A39BEAD3E520030463" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="9B953D2AA70D3E92D3BF80BCD962FC7D">Stringer, Gary L.</mods:namePart>
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|
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|
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</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="B59E66C27A7F86427FC84683AE3D6BBF">Sloan, James Carson</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource id="796B51CA7CABA145D1A34E3708FE1D19">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="95D1AA6C11659519536B340BF8F2FE52">PaleoBios</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="625CE7F4D6FF716AC45E870E636775EE">
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<mods:date id="6FC4623BDA193B216B1B930270F439E7">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0DC80CD7B7AFDB4149DDCB512943B573">40</mods:number>
|
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|
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<mods:detail id="A9952F37332F2C62B5DDD45803849BC3" type="issue">
|
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<mods:number id="001351AF549FED9C934B4EC640824E3D">1994</mods:number>
|
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|
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<mods:location id="423B002CEF70A3E5EFD17E72D789368E">
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="F2A8AA7B219C8DBB6B1E9FAEA9BA8FF3">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="E9D7F9656DC61008062B51A3DF18200D" type="ISSN">0031-0298</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
|
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<treatment id="2B4F878B2571FF8BFC29FDAAFA53FADB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F878B2571FF8BFC29FDAAFA53FADB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B4F878B2571FF8BFC29FDAAFA53FADB" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
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<subSubSection id="EBFC65162571FF8BFC29FDAAFABBFDAF" box="[994,1359,606,630]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2571FF8BFC29FDAAFABBFDAF" blockId="17.[994,1359,606,668]" box="[994,1359,606,630]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
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<heading id="F81181F12571FF8BFC29FDAAFABBFDAF" allCaps="true" box="[994,1359,606,630]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" reason="2">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2571FF8BFC29FDAAFABBFDAF" ID-CoL="38T" ID-ENA="8043" authority="INDETERMINATE" authorityName="INDETERMINATE" box="[994,1359,606,630]" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">GADIFORMES INDETERMINATE</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162571FF8BFBBAFD70FB34FD45" box="[1137,1216,644,668]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2571FF8BFBBAFD70FB34FD45" blockId="17.[994,1359,606,668]" box="[1137,1216,644,668]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BDD2A182571FF8BFBBAFD70FB34FD45" box="[1137,1216,644,668]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[115,190,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox="[243,1396,192,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-15@18.[243,1396,192,1709]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8. Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Lapilli are macular views. Length in mm. A. Palaeogadus cf. P. weltoni Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09- 23, 1.46 mm. B. Gadiformes indeterminate, DMNH 2021-09-24, 1.56 mm. C. Tippaha mythica Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09-25, 3.85 mm. D. Eutawichthys maastrichtiensis Nolf and Stringer (1996), DMNH 2021-09-26, 3.93 mm. E. Eutawichthys zideki Nolf and Stringer (1996), DMNH 2021-09-27, 1.42 mm. F.Eutawichthys cf. E. stringeri Schwarzhans, Huddleston, and Takeuchi (2018b), DMNH 2021-09-28, 1.85 mm. G. Ampheristus cf. A. americanus Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09-29, 1.58 mm. H. Protobythities brzobohatyi Schwarzhans (2010), DMNH 2021-09-30, 1.68 mm. I. Lapillus type 1, DMNH 2021-09-31, 2.98 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913436/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">FIG. 8B</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162571FF8BFCABFD41FB2DFD2B" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2571FF8BFCABFD41FB2DFD2B" blockId="17.[832,1521,693,1282]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFCABFD41FC04FD16" bold="true" box="[864,1008,693,719]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Material—</emphasis>
|
||||
11 very small or broken specimens, specimen figured,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE582571FF8BFC2FFD2DFBC3FD2A" box="[996,1079,729,755]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" type="Museum">DMNH</collectionCode>
|
||||
<date id="D758105D2571FF8BFBF5FD2CFB2DFD2B" box="[1086,1241,728,754]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" value="2021-09-24">2021-09-24.</date>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162571FF8BFCABFD0FFA53FADB" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2571FF8BFCABFD0FFA53FADB" blockId="17.[832,1521,693,1282]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFCABFD0FFB01FCCF" bold="true" box="[864,1269,763,790]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Description and Remarks—</emphasis>
|
||||
The
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5E0FD142571FF8BFAFEFD08FA1AFCCC" box="[1333,1518,763,790]" count="11" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" type="generic">11 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
designated as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2571FF8BFC33FCEBFAB3FCE0" authority="indeterminate" authorityName="INDETERMINATE" box="[1016,1351,799,825]" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Gadiformes indeterminate</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are included because of the rarity of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2571FF8BFB4EFCB6FAE0FC85" box="[1157,1300,834,860]" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Gadiformes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the Cretaceous. Their occurrence is certainly worth noting even at this taxonomic level. Some of the specimens represent nondiagnostic juveniles or perhaps even larval, while oth- ers represent badly eroded specimens. The specimens have typical gadiform characteristics such as a long, homosulcoid-type sulcus with a collum, a convex inner face, a flat or slightly concave outer face, the outline, and extensive crenulations. It is likely that the specimens represent gadiforms already known from the Arkadelphia Formation, but this cannot be determined with certainty.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2571FF8BFC8BFB31FBB7FB39" author="Schwarzhans, W." box="[832,1091,1221,1248]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 94" refId="ref29703" refString="Schwarzhans, W. 2003. Fish otoliths from the Paleocene of Denmark. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 2: 1 - 94." type="journal article" year="2003">Schwarzhans (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
used a similar identification of ju- venile gadiforms from the Paleocene of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBF1760D2571FF8BFAE7FB1CFA57FADB" box="[1324,1443,1256,1282]" name="Denmark" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Denmark</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
121
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Normal file
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<mods:title id="126953C83379BA30C1AC5DE35323DB3F">First Cretaceous teleostean otolith assemblage (Arkadelphia Formation, upper Maastrichtian) from Arkansas, USA, early Gadiformes, and the Western Interior Seaway</mods:title>
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<treatment id="2B4F878B2571FF8BFFB9FA71FBE1FDE4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F878B2571FF8BFFB9FA71FBE1FDE4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B4F878B2571FF8BFFB9FA71FBE1FDE4" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2571FF8BFFB9FA71FEEEFA47" authorityName="RATH" authorityYear="1859" box="[114,282,1413,1438]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFFB9FA71FEEEFA47" box="[114,282,1413,1438]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">PALAEOGADUS</emphasis>
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CF.
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<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2571FF8BFE8DFA77FCEEFA44" authority="SCHWARZHANS AND STRINGER" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[326,794,1411,1438]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="weltoni">
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFE8DFA77FE3DFA47" box="[326,457,1411,1438]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">P. WELTONI</emphasis>
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SCHWARZHANS AND STRINGER
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,
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<paragraph id="A359369D2571FF8BFE6FFA51FE18FA65" blockId="17.[114,799,1380,1506]" box="[420,492,1445,1469]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">2020a</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A359369D2571FF8BFE6AFA3EFE1BFA3B" blockId="17.[114,799,1380,1506]" box="[417,495,1482,1506]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
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<figureCitation id="3BDD2A182571FF8BFE6AFA3EFE1BFA3B" box="[417,495,1482,1506]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[115,190,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox="[243,1396,192,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-15@18.[243,1396,192,1709]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8. Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Lapilli are macular views. Length in mm. A. Palaeogadus cf. P. weltoni Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09- 23, 1.46 mm. B. Gadiformes indeterminate, DMNH 2021-09-24, 1.56 mm. C. Tippaha mythica Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09-25, 3.85 mm. D. Eutawichthys maastrichtiensis Nolf and Stringer (1996), DMNH 2021-09-26, 3.93 mm. E. Eutawichthys zideki Nolf and Stringer (1996), DMNH 2021-09-27, 1.42 mm. F.Eutawichthys cf. E. stringeri Schwarzhans, Huddleston, and Takeuchi (2018b), DMNH 2021-09-28, 1.85 mm. G. Ampheristus cf. A. americanus Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09-29, 1.58 mm. H. Protobythities brzobohatyi Schwarzhans (2010), DMNH 2021-09-30, 1.68 mm. I. Lapillus type 1, DMNH 2021-09-31, 2.98 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913436/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">FIG. 8A</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EBFC65162571FF8BFF5BFA0FFEFFF9E0" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="A359369D2571FF8BFF5BFA0FFEFFF9E0" blockId="17.[112,801,1531,1945]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFF5BFA0FFEE8F9CC" bold="true" box="[144,284,1531,1557]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Material—</emphasis>
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one small,slightly eroded specimen,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE582571FF8BFD05FA08FCD5F9CF" box="[718,801,1532,1558]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" type="Museum">DMNH</collectionCode>
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<date id="D758105D2571FF8BFFBBF9EBFEFFF9E0" box="[112,267,1567,1593]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" value="2021-09-23">2021-09-23.</date>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EBFC65162571FF8BFF5BF9B5FBE1FDE4" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A359369D2571FF8BFF5BF9B5FBE1FDE4" blockId="17.[112,801,1531,1945]" lastBlockId="17.[832,1520,195,573]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFF5BF9B5FDE4F985" bold="true" box="[144,528,1601,1628]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Description and Remarks—</emphasis>
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The one Arkadelphia Formation specimen assigned to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2571FF8BFDC2F991FCF2F959" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[521,774,1636,1665]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="weltoni">
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFDC2F991FCF2F959" box="[521,774,1636,1665]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Palaeogadus weltoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is very small and eroded. However, it was felt that it possessed enough gadid features to compare it to
|
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<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2571FF8BFD6EF958FF6EF930" authorityName="RATH" authorityYear="1859" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFD6EF958FF6EF930" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Palaeogadus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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cf.
|
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<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2571FF8BFF0FF939FECCF930" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[196,312,1741,1769]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="weltoni">
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFF0FF939FECCF930" box="[196,312,1741,1769]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">P. weltoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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. Similarities include the overall oblong shape (
|
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFF02F904FEF8F8D5" box="[201,268,1776,1804]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">sensu</emphasis>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2571FF8BFEDAF906FE14F8D4" author="Smale, M. & G. Watson & T. Hecht" box="[273,480,1778,1805]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 253" refId="ref30467" refString="Smale, M., G. Watson, and T. Hecht. 1995. Otolith atlas of southern African marine fishes. Ichthyological Monographs of the J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 1: 1 - 253." type="journal article" year="1995">Smale et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), the slightly convex inner face; the tapered and rounded anterior and posterior margins that are almost alike; the homosulcoid-type sulcus; a broadly, gently arched dorsal margin; a very shallow ventral margin that approaches horizontal; and a prominent ventral furrow extending from under the anterior of the ostium to near the posterior of the cauda; the anterior and posterior ends of the ventral furrow appear to turn upwards. It compares very well to the
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5E0FD142571FF8BFA09FED9FC43FEB3" count="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||||
of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2571FF8BFC29FEBAFBADFEB3" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[994,1113,334,362]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="weltoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFC29FEBAFBADFEB3" box="[994,1113,334,362]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">P. weltoni</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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illustrated by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2571FF8BFAD8FEA4FBE5FE54" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
from the Kemp Clay in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2571FF8BFAE1FE87FA84FE54" box="[1322,1392,371,397]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||||
and to the specimens shown by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2571FF8BFB81FE62FA04FE68" author="Stringer, G. & W. Schwarzhans" box="[1098,1520,406,433]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="104867" refId="ref31141" refString="Stringer, G., and W. Schwarzhans. 2021. Upper Cretaceous teleosteans otoliths from the Severn Formation (Maastrichtian) of Maryland, USA, with an unusual occurrence of Silurifomes and Beryciformes and the oldest Atlantic coast Gadiformes. Cretaceous Research 125 (2021) 104867." type="journal article" year="2021">Stringer and Schwarzhans (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
from the Severn Formation in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2571FF8BFB7EFE4DFADBFE0A" box="[1205,1327,441,467]" country="United States of America" name="Maryland" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Maryland</collectingRegion>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2571FF8BFAF2FE4EFA21FE0F" authorityName="RATH" authorityYear="1859" box="[1337,1493,442,470]" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Palaeogadus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F2571FF8BFAF2FE4EFA21FE0F" box="[1337,1493,442,470]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Palaeogadus</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is an extinct genus that is known from otoliths and skeletons from the early Paleogene of Europe (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2571FF8BFA80FDF4FC75FDE4" author="Schwarzhans, W." pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 94" refId="ref29703" refString="Schwarzhans, W. 2003. Fish otoliths from the Paleocene of Denmark. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 2: 1 - 94." type="journal article" year="2003">Schwarzhans 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, fig. 20A–I).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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|
||||
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|
||||
127
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<mods:namePart id="474543F34B5A961802FEEAC7BFC41F8C">Sloan, James Carson</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="2B4F878B2573FF89FCBAFE07FC27FA91" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F878B2573FF89FCBAFE07FC27FA91" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B4F878B2573FF89FCBAFE07FC27FA91" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2573FF89FCBAFE07FA4BFDD2" baseAuthorityName="Nolf and Stringer" baseAuthorityYear="1996" box="[881,1471,498,524]" genus="Eutawichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beryciformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="32" rank="species" species="zideki">
|
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F2573FF89FCBAFE07FB8AFDD2" box="[881,1150,498,524]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">EUTAWICHTHYS ZIDEKI</emphasis>
|
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(
|
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<collectionCode id="C5F7AE582573FF89FAC9FE07FA84FDD2" box="[1282,1392,499,523]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">STRINGER</collectionCode>
|
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, 1996)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="EBFC65162573FF89FBBAFDEDFB4BFDE8" box="[1137,1215,537,561]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A359369D2573FF89FBBAFDEDFB4BFDE8" blockId="19.[881,1471,498,561]" box="[1137,1215,537,561]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
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<figureCitation id="3BDD2A182573FF89FBBAFDEDFB4BFDE8" box="[1137,1215,537,561]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[115,190,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox="[243,1396,192,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-15@18.[243,1396,192,1709]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8. Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Lapilli are macular views. Length in mm. A. Palaeogadus cf. P. weltoni Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09- 23, 1.46 mm. B. Gadiformes indeterminate, DMNH 2021-09-24, 1.56 mm. C. Tippaha mythica Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09-25, 3.85 mm. D. Eutawichthys maastrichtiensis Nolf and Stringer (1996), DMNH 2021-09-26, 3.93 mm. E. Eutawichthys zideki Nolf and Stringer (1996), DMNH 2021-09-27, 1.42 mm. F.Eutawichthys cf. E. stringeri Schwarzhans, Huddleston, and Takeuchi (2018b), DMNH 2021-09-28, 1.85 mm. G. Ampheristus cf. A. americanus Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09-29, 1.58 mm. H. Protobythities brzobohatyi Schwarzhans (2010), DMNH 2021-09-30, 1.68 mm. I. Lapillus type 1, DMNH 2021-09-31, 2.98 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913436/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">FIG. 8E</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162573FF89FCABFDBDFC28FD5E" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
|
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<paragraph id="A359369D2573FF89FCABFDBDFC28FD5E" blockId="19.[832,1520,585,1352]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F2573FF89FCABFDBDFC04FDBA" bold="true" box="[864,1008,585,611]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Material—</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="138E3CC02573FF89FC24FDBEFC23FD5E" collectionCode="DMNH" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" specimenCode="DMNH 2021-09, 27" specimenCount="287">
|
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<specimenCount id="B5E0FD142573FF89FC24FDBEFB58FDBD" box="[1007,1196,586,612]" count="287" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="generic">287 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
, specimen figured,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F3409EE62573FF89FA56FDBEFC5AFD5E" collectionCode="DMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">
|
||||
DMNH
|
||||
<date id="D758105D2573FF89FC8BFD99FC28FD5E" box="[832,988,621,647]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" value="2021-09-27">
|
||||
2021-09-
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F3409EE62573FF89FC7DFD99FC23FD5E" box="[950,983,621,647]" collectionCode="DMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">27</specimenCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</specimenCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EBFC65162573FF89FCABFD64FC27FA91" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A359369D2573FF89FCABFD64FC27FA91" blockId="19.[832,1520,585,1352]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F2573FF89FCABFD64FB2FFD73" bold="true" box="[864,1243,656,682]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Description and Remarks—</emphasis>
|
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F2573FF89FB10FD65FA25FD72" box="[1243,1489,655,685]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2573FF89FB10FD65FA74FD74" box="[1243,1408,657,685]" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="19" pageNumber="32" rank="genus">Eutawichthys</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2573FF89FA42FD7BFA25FD72" authorityName="Nolf and Stringer" authorityYear="1996" box="[1417,1489,655,683]" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" rank="species" species="zideki">zideki</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
is the most abundant species of this genus in the Arkadelphia Formation. It is characterized by an oval outline (
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2573FF89FC87FD0CFC66FCCD" box="[844,914,760,788]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">sensu</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2573FF89FC57FD0EFB70FCCC" author="Smale, M. & G. Watson & T. Hecht" box="[924,1156,762,789]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 253" refId="ref30467" refString="Smale, M., G. Watson, and T. Hecht. 1995. Otolith atlas of southern African marine fishes. Ichthyological Monographs of the J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 1: 1 - 253." type="journal article" year="1995">Smale et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), but larger specimens can become somewhat angular. Although the sulcus (heterosulcoid
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C5D883F2573FF89FC06FCB5FBF3FC82" box="[973,1031,833,859]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
) is not deeply impressed, it is distinct and extends for approximately 75% of the length of the inner face. The sulcus is almost horizontal, which is a distinguishing feature of the species. The ostium and cauda are approximately the same length, and the ostium is only slightly wider than the cauda.
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2573FF89FACBFC05FA04FBD2" box="[1280,1520,1007,1037]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2573FF89FACBFC05FA50FBD4" box="[1280,1444,1009,1037]" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="19" pageNumber="32" rank="genus">Eutawichthys</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2573FF89FA63FC1BFA04FBD2" authorityName="Nolf and Stringer" authorityYear="1996" box="[1448,1520,1007,1035]" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" rank="species" species="zideki">zideki</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
is geographically widespread in its distribution and has been reported from the Severn Formation of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2573FF89FAB3FBC3FA04FB88" box="[1400,1520,1079,1105]" country="United States of America" name="Maryland" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Maryland</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2573FF89FC80FBAEFB4EFBAD" author="Huddleston, R. & K. Savoie" box="[843,1210,1114,1140]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" pagination="658 - 663" refId="ref26551" refString="Huddleston, R., and K. Savoie. 1983. Teleostean otoliths from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian age) Severn Formation of Maryland. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 96: 658 - 663." type="journal article" year="1983">Huddleston and Savoie 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), the Woodbury Formation of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2573FF89FC56FB8AFBD8FB41" box="[925,1068,1150,1176]" country="United States of America" name="New Jersey" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">New Jersey</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2573FF89FB8AFB89FACCFB4E" author="Stringer, G. & L. Oman & B. Badger" box="[1089,1336,1149,1176]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" pagination="15 - 36" refId="ref31192" refString="Stringer, G., L. Oman, and B. Badger. 2016. Woodbury Formation (Campanian) in New Jersey yields largest known otolith assemblage of teleostean fishes in North America. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 165: 15 - 36." type="journal article" year="2016">Stringer et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), the Tar Heel Formation of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2573FF89FC27FB54FB53FB63" box="[1004,1191,1184,1210]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(Stringer et al. 2018), the Coon Creek Formation of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2573FF89FB43FB30FAFEFB07" box="[1160,1290,1220,1246]" country="United States of America" name="Tennessee" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2573FF89FAD4FB37FA2BFB04" author="Stringer, G." box="[1311,1503,1219,1245]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" pagination="78 - 95" refId="ref30761" refString="Stringer, G. 2016 b. Late Cretaceous actinopterygians represented by otoliths from the Cook Creek Site in southwest Tennessee. Pp. 78 - 95 In D. Ehret, T. Harrell, and S. Ebersole (eds.). The Paleontology of the Cretaceous Coon Creek Formation (Volume 2). Alabama Museum of Natural History Bulletin 33: 78 - 95." type="journal article" year="2016">Stringer 2016b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), the Eutaw Formation of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2573FF89FBB6FB13FB1FFAD8" box="[1149,1259,1255,1281]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Alabama</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2573FF89FACAFB13FC64FAFD" author="Schwarzhans, W. & R. Huddleston & G. Takeuchi" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" pagination="45 - 72" refId="ref30188" refString="Schwarzhans, W., R. Huddleston, and G. Takeuchi. 2018 b. A Late Santonian fish-fauna from the Eutaw Formation of Alabama reconstructed from otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 124 (1): 45 - 72." type="journal article" year="2018">Schwarzhans et al. 2018b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), and the Ripley Formation of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2573FF89FB3EFAFEFA89FAFD" box="[1269,1405,1290,1316]" country="United States of America" name="Mississippi" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Mississippi</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(Stringer et al. 2020).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
146
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146
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="2B4F878B2573FF89FFB7FBEDFBF9FE0D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F878B2573FF89FFB7FBEDFBF9FE0D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B4F878B2573FF89FFB7FBEDFBF9FE0D" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
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<paragraph id="A359369D2573FF89FFB7FBEDFE1EFB88" blockId="19.[124,788,889,1142]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2573FF89FFB7FBEDFE1EFB88" baseAuthorityName="Nolf and Stringer" baseAuthorityYear="1996" genus="Eutawichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beryciformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="32" rank="species" species="maastrichtiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2573FF89FFB7FBEDFDEAFBEB" box="[124,542,1049,1074]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">EUTAWICHTHYS MAASTRICHTIENSIS</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE582573FF89FDE5FBEDFD9CFBE8" box="[558,616,1049,1073]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">NOLF</collectionCode>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE582573FF89FDA5FBEDFD68FBE8" box="[622,668,1049,1073]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">AND</collectionCode>
|
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<collectionCode id="C5F7AE582573FF89FD69FBEDFCE4FBE8" box="[674,784,1049,1073]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">STRINGER</collectionCode>
|
||||
, 1996)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162573FF89FE6BFBAAFE04FBAF" box="[416,496,1118,1142]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2573FF89FE6BFBAAFE04FBAF" blockId="19.[124,788,889,1142]" box="[416,496,1118,1142]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BDD2A182573FF89FE6BFBAAFE04FBAF" box="[416,496,1118,1142]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[115,190,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox="[243,1396,192,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-15@18.[243,1396,192,1709]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8. Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Lapilli are macular views. Length in mm. A. Palaeogadus cf. P. weltoni Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09- 23, 1.46 mm. B. Gadiformes indeterminate, DMNH 2021-09-24, 1.56 mm. C. Tippaha mythica Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09-25, 3.85 mm. D. Eutawichthys maastrichtiensis Nolf and Stringer (1996), DMNH 2021-09-26, 3.93 mm. E. Eutawichthys zideki Nolf and Stringer (1996), DMNH 2021-09-27, 1.42 mm. F.Eutawichthys cf. E. stringeri Schwarzhans, Huddleston, and Takeuchi (2018b), DMNH 2021-09-28, 1.85 mm. G. Ampheristus cf. A. americanus Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09-29, 1.58 mm. H. Protobythities brzobohatyi Schwarzhans (2010), DMNH 2021-09-30, 1.68 mm. I. Lapillus type 1, DMNH 2021-09-31, 2.98 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913436/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">FIG. 8D</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162573FF89FF5BFB7BFEF8FB14" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
|
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<paragraph id="A359369D2573FF89FF5BFB7BFEF8FB14" blockId="19.[112,800,1167,1933]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2573FF89FF5BFB7BFED4FB70" bold="true" box="[144,288,1167,1193]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Material—</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="138E3CC02573FF89FEEBFB64FEFCFB14" collectionCode="DMNH" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" specimenCode="DMNH 2021-09, 26" specimenCount="21">
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5E0FD142573FF89FEEBFB64FE25FB73" box="[288,465,1168,1194]" count="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="generic">21 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
, specimen figured,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F3409EE62573FF89FD07FB64FF29FB14" collectionCode="DMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">
|
||||
DMNH
|
||||
<date id="D758105D2573FF89FFBBFB47FEF8FB14" box="[112,268,1203,1229]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" value="2021-09-26">
|
||||
2021-09-
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F3409EE62573FF89FF2DFB47FEFCFB14" box="[230,264,1203,1229]" collectionCode="DMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">26</specimenCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162573FF89FF5BFB22FE9DF9F4" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2573FF89FF5BFB22FE9DF9F4" blockId="19.[112,800,1167,1933]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2573FF89FF5BFB22FE0DFB29" bold="true" box="[144,505,1238,1264]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Description and Remarks—</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2573FF89FE32FB22FF49FACD" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2573FF89FE32FB22FD6EFB2B" box="[505,666,1238,1266]" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="19" pageNumber="32" rank="genus">Eutawichthys</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2573FF89FD55FB21FF49FACD" authorityName="Nolf and Stringer" authorityYear="1996" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" rank="species" species="maastrichtiensis">maastrichtiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
has a nearly circular to slightly oval outline (
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2573FF89FD16FB0CFCD4FACD" box="[733,800,1272,1300]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">sensu</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2573FF89FFBBFAE8FEB0FAEE" author="Smale, M. & G. Watson & T. Hecht" box="[112,324,1308,1335]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 253" refId="ref30467" refString="Smale, M., G. Watson, and T. Hecht. 1995. Otolith atlas of southern African marine fishes. Ichthyological Monographs of the J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 1: 1 - 253." type="journal article" year="1995">Smale et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The dorsal margin is irregular, while the ventral margin can have crenulations that are often obliterated by erosion. The thin sagitta is only slightly convex with a distinctive, long sulcus (heterosulcoid
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C5D883F2573FF89FFBBFA5EFF5EFA1D" box="[112,170,1450,1476]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
) that is wide and continuously curved. The cauda curves diagnostically dorsally in its posterior section. There is a depressed area that is fairly distinct above the center of the sulcus.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162573FF89FF5BF9C2FBF9FE0D" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2573FF89FF5BF9C2FBF9FE0D" blockId="19.[112,800,1167,1933]" lastBlockId="19.[832,1520,195,468]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2573FF89FF5BF9C2FDF3F988" box="[144,519,1589,1618]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2573FF89FF5BF9C2FEC1F98B" box="[144,309,1590,1618]" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="19" pageNumber="32" rank="genus">Eutawichthys</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2573FF89FEF5F9C1FDF3F988" authorityName="Nolf and Stringer" authorityYear="1996" box="[318,519,1589,1617]" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" rank="species" species="maastrichtiensis">maastrichtiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
was designated as an apogonid for many years, and there are certainly resemblances to the apogonids. Its designation as a berycid is discussed at length in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2573FF89FE48F954FD73F963" author="Stringer, G. & L. Oman & B. Badger" box="[387,647,1696,1722]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" pagination="15 - 36" refId="ref31192" refString="Stringer, G., L. Oman, and B. Badger. 2016. Woodbury Formation (Campanian) in New Jersey yields largest known otolith assemblage of teleostean fishes in North America. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 165: 15 - 36." type="journal article" year="2016">Stringer et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and is more congruent with molecular studies such as Betancur-R. et al. (2013) that indicate a much later divergence for the apogonids (around 45 Ma). The fossil-based genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2573FF89FFBBF8D9FEE6F890" box="[112,274,1837,1865]" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2573FF89FFBBF8D9FEE6F890" box="[112,274,1837,1865]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Eutawichthys</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was erected by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2573FF89FE1BF8D8FCEFF89E" author="Schwarzhans, W. & R. Huddleston & G. Takeuchi" box="[464,795,1836,1863]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" pagination="45 - 72" refId="ref30188" refString="Schwarzhans, W., R. Huddleston, and G. Takeuchi. 2018 b. A Late Santonian fish-fauna from the Eutaw Formation of Alabama reconstructed from otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 124 (1): 45 - 72." type="journal article" year="2018">Schwarzhans et al. (2018b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2573FF89FFBBF8A4FE05F8B3" box="[112,497,1870,1900]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2573FF89FFBBF8A4FEECF8B5" box="[112,280,1872,1900]" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="19" pageNumber="32" rank="genus">Eutawichthys</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2573FF89FEE8F8BAFE05F8B3" authorityName="Nolf and Stringer" authorityYear="1996" box="[291,497,1870,1898]" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" rank="species" species="maastrichtiensis">maastrichtiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
is known from several Cretaceous formations including the Severn Formation of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2573FF89FCABFF37FC2CFF04" box="[864,984,195,221]" country="United States of America" name="Maryland" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Maryland</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2573FF89FC20FF37FAA0FF04" author="Huddleston, R. & K. Savoie" box="[1003,1364,195,221]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" pagination="658 - 663" refId="ref26551" refString="Huddleston, R., and K. Savoie. 1983. Teleostean otoliths from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian age) Severn Formation of Maryland. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 96: 658 - 663." type="journal article" year="1983">Huddleston and Savoie 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), the Woodbury Formation of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2573FF89FBE3FF13FB47FED8" box="[1064,1203,231,257]" country="United States of America" name="New Jersey" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">New Jersey</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2573FF89FB0FFF12FA45FED9" author="Stringer, G. & L. Oman & B. Badger" box="[1220,1457,230,257]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" pagination="15 - 36" refId="ref31192" refString="Stringer, G., L. Oman, and B. Badger. 2016. Woodbury Formation (Campanian) in New Jersey yields largest known otolith assemblage of teleostean fishes in North America. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 165: 15 - 36." type="journal article" year="2016">Stringer et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), the Eutaw Formation of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2573FF89FBFFFEFDFB54FEFA" box="[1076,1184,265,291]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Alabama</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2573FF89FB64FEFDFA2BFEFA" author="Schwarzhans, W. & H. Beckett & J. Schien & M. Friedman" box="[1199,1503,265,292]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" refId="ref30234" refString="Schwarzhans, W., H. Beckett, J. Schien, and M. Friedman. 2018 a. Computed tomography scanning as a tool for linking the skeletal and otolith-based fossil records of teleost fishes. Palaeontology. [https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / pala. 12349]." type="book" year="2018">Schwarzhans et al. 2018a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), the Tar Heel Formation of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2573FF89FB49FED8FACEFE9F" box="[1154,1338,300,326]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(Stringer et al. 2018), the Coon Creek Formation of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2573FF89FB32FEA4FA8FFEB3" box="[1273,1403,336,362]" country="United States of America" name="Tennessee" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2573FF89FA41FEA4FC65FE54" author="Stringer, G." pageId="19" pageNumber="18" pagination="78 - 95" refId="ref30761" refString="Stringer, G. 2016 b. Late Cretaceous actinopterygians represented by otoliths from the Cook Creek Site in southwest Tennessee. Pp. 78 - 95 In D. Ehret, T. Harrell, and S. Ebersole (eds.). The Paleontology of the Cretaceous Coon Creek Formation (Volume 2). Alabama Museum of Natural History Bulletin 33: 78 - 95." type="journal article" year="2016">Stringer 2016b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), the Ripley Formation of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2573FF89FB1BFE87FAA8FE54" box="[1232,1372,371,397]" country="United States of America" name="Mississippi" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Mississippi</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(Stringer et al. 2020), and the Kemp Clay of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2573FF89FB0AFE63FAF3FE68" box="[1217,1287,407,433]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2573FF89FADCFE62FC08FE0A" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer 2020a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
130
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Normal file
130
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<mods:title id="A3A6FB1C9941136586B6E6BDBB4210D2">First Cretaceous teleostean otolith assemblage (Arkadelphia Formation, upper Maastrichtian) from Arkansas, USA, early Gadiformes, and the Western Interior Seaway</mods:title>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="193BAA6269B8F986C8129C414E6B594E">journal article</mods:classification>
|
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<mods:identifier id="A8B7DC74B6099763DE42983265AB35DC" type="DOI">10.5070/P940361192.</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="2B4F878B2573FF8EFC11FA53FE30FDB9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F878B2573FF8EFC11FA53FE30FDB9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B4F878B2573FF8EFC11FA53FE30FDB9" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
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<subSubSection id="EBFC65162573FF89FC11FA53FAA2FA19" box="[986,1366,1445,1472]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2573FF89FC11FA53FAA2FA19" blockId="19.[852,1501,1383,1508]" box="[986,1366,1445,1472]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2573FF89FC11FA53FB66FA19" box="[986,1170,1447,1472]" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="19" pageNumber="32" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2573FF89FC11FA53FB66FA19" box="[986,1170,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">EUTAWICHTHYS</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
CF.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2573FF89FB75FA51FAA2FA19" authority="STRINGERI" authorityName="STRINGERI" authorityYear="2018" box="[1214,1366,1445,1472]" genus="Eutawichthys" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beryciformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="32" rank="species" species="stringeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2573FF89FB75FA51FAA2FA19" box="[1214,1366,1445,1472]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">E. STRINGERI</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162573FF89FBB9FA38FB4AFA3D" box="[1138,1214,1484,1508]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2573FF89FBB9FA38FB4AFA3D" blockId="19.[852,1501,1383,1508]" box="[1138,1214,1484,1508]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BDD2A182573FF89FBB9FA38FB4AFA3D" box="[1138,1214,1484,1508]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[115,190,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox="[243,1396,192,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-15@18.[243,1396,192,1709]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8. Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Lapilli are macular views. Length in mm. A. Palaeogadus cf. P. weltoni Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09- 23, 1.46 mm. B. Gadiformes indeterminate, DMNH 2021-09-24, 1.56 mm. C. Tippaha mythica Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09-25, 3.85 mm. D. Eutawichthys maastrichtiensis Nolf and Stringer (1996), DMNH 2021-09-26, 3.93 mm. E. Eutawichthys zideki Nolf and Stringer (1996), DMNH 2021-09-27, 1.42 mm. F.Eutawichthys cf. E. stringeri Schwarzhans, Huddleston, and Takeuchi (2018b), DMNH 2021-09-28, 1.85 mm. G. Ampheristus cf. A. americanus Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09-29, 1.58 mm. H. Protobythities brzobohatyi Schwarzhans (2010), DMNH 2021-09-30, 1.68 mm. I. Lapillus type 1, DMNH 2021-09-31, 2.98 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913436/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">FIG. 8F</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162573FF89FCABFA0FFC28F9E1" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2573FF89FCABFA0FFC28F9E1" blockId="19.[832,1521,1531,1934]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2573FF89FCABFA0FFC04F9CC" bold="true" box="[864,1008,1531,1557]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Material—</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="138E3CC02573FF89FC3BFA0FFC2CF9E1" collectionCode="DMNH" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" specimenCode="DMNH 2021-09, 28" specimenCount="48">
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5E0FD142573FF89FC3BFA0FFB55F9CC" box="[1008,1185,1531,1557]" count="48" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="generic">48 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
, specimen figured,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F3409EE62573FF89FA57FA0FFC5AF9E1" collectionCode="DMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">
|
||||
DMNH
|
||||
<date id="D758105D2573FF89FC8BF9EAFC28F9E1" box="[832,988,1566,1592]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" value="2021-09-28">
|
||||
2021-09-
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F3409EE62573FF89FC7CF9EAFC2CF9E1" box="[951,984,1566,1592]" collectionCode="DMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">28</specimenCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162573FF8EFCABF9B4FE30FDB9" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2573FF8EFCABF9B4FE25FED9" blockId="19.[832,1521,1531,1934]" lastBlockId="20.[112,801,195,609]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2573FF89FCABF9B4FB3FF983" bold="true" box="[864,1227,1600,1626]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Description and Remarks—</emphasis>
|
||||
The specimens assigned to
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2573FF89FC96F997FB9EF9A6" box="[861,1130,1635,1663]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2573FF89FC96F997FC0BF9A6" box="[861,1023,1635,1663]" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="19" pageNumber="32" rank="genus">Eutawichthys</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2573FF89FBC8F997FB9EF9A6" authorityName="Schwarzhans, Huddleston, and Takeuchi" authorityYear="2018" box="[1027,1130,1635,1663]" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" rank="species" species="stringeri">stringeri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
are characterized by an anterior margin with a broad, dorsally shifted rostrum, a broadly rounded dorsal margin, a broadly rounded posterior margin, and a moderately deep, gently and regularly curved convex ventral margin. The inner face is slightly convex with a shallow, moderately wide sulcus divided into an ostium and cauda. The ostium is curved upwards towards the dorsal margin of the rostrum. The cauda is about the same length as the ostium and is oriented upwards. The cauda has a rounded tip that ends well before the posterior margin.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2574FF8EFF5BFEFDFE30FDB9" blockId="20.[112,801,195,609]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
Excellent figures of the ontogeny of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2574FF8EFDA8FEFCFD1AFEFF" authorityName="Schwarzhans, Huddleston, and Takeuchi" authorityYear="2018" box="[611,750,264,294]" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="stringeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2574FF8EFDA8FEFCFD1AFEFF" box="[611,750,264,294]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">E. stringeri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are found in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2574FF8EFF12FED8FDD5FE9E" author="Schwarzhans, W. & R. Huddleston & G. Takeuchi" box="[217,545,300,327]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" pagination="45 - 72" refId="ref30188" refString="Schwarzhans, W., R. Huddleston, and G. Takeuchi. 2018 b. A Late Santonian fish-fauna from the Eutaw Formation of Alabama reconstructed from otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 124 (1): 45 - 72." type="journal article" year="2018">Schwarzhans et al. (2018b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and readily illustrate the differences between it and other species of
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2574FF8EFD16FEBAFF15FE56" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2574FF8EFD16FEBAFF29FE56" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="20" pageNumber="32" rank="genus">Eutawichthys</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
The distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2574FF8EFE13FE85FDAAFE56" authorityName="Schwarzhans, Huddleston, and Takeuchi" authorityYear="2018" box="[472,606,369,399]" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="stringeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2574FF8EFE13FE85FDAAFE56" box="[472,606,369,399]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">E. stringeri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is not nearly as widespread as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2574FF8EFEE8FE61FDF7FE68" authorityName="Nolf and Stringer" authorityYear="1996" box="[291,515,405,433]" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="maastrichtiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2574FF8EFEE8FE61FDF7FE68" box="[291,515,405,433]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">E. maastrichtiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2574FF8EFDF1FE61FD55FE68" box="[570,673,405,433]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2574FF8EFDF1FE61FD69FE68" authorityName="Nolf and Stringer" authorityYear="1996" box="[570,669,405,433]" genus="Eutawichthys" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="zideki">E. zideki</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
It has only been previously reported from the Woodbury Formation (early–middle Campanian) of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2574FF8EFE2BFE29FD9FFE2E" box="[480,619,477,503]" country="United States of America" name="New Jersey" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">New Jersey</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2574FF8EFDB0FE28FF45FDC3" author="Stringer, G. & L. Oman & B. Badger" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" pagination="15 - 36" refId="ref31192" refString="Stringer, G., L. Oman, and B. Badger. 2016. Woodbury Formation (Campanian) in New Jersey yields largest known otolith assemblage of teleostean fishes in North America. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 165: 15 - 36." type="journal article" year="2016">Stringer et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and the Eutaw Formation (upper Santonian) of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2574FF8EFFBBFDD7FF28FDE4" box="[112,220,547,573]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Alabama</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2574FF8EFF20FDD7FDEBFDE4" author="Schwarzhans, W. & R. Huddleston & G. Takeuchi" box="[235,543,547,573]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" pagination="45 - 72" refId="ref30188" refString="Schwarzhans, W., R. Huddleston, and G. Takeuchi. 2018 b. A Late Santonian fish-fauna from the Eutaw Formation of Alabama reconstructed from otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 124 (1): 45 - 72." type="journal article" year="2018">Schwarzhans et al. 2018b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), where it represents the most abundant species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
104
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Normal file
104
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<treatment id="2B4F878B2574FF8EFC4EFD8FFBA3FA2B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F878B2574FF8EFC4EFD8FFBA3FA2B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B4F878B2574FF8EFC4EFD8FFBA3FA2B" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
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|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C5D883F2574FF8EFC37FD88FBCDFD4A" box="[1020,1081,636,659]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">TYPE</typeStatus>
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1 (
|
||||
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||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE582574FF8EFB95FD8FFB54FD4D" box="[1118,1184,635,660]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">SENSU</collectionCode>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE582574FF8EFB6DFD8FFAE6FD4A" box="[1190,1298,635,659]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">STRINGER</collectionCode>
|
||||
ET AL., 2020)
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162574FF8EFBBEFD55FB4FFD60" box="[1141,1211,673,697]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2574FF8EFBBEFD55FB4FFD60" blockId="20.[901,1451,571,697]" box="[1141,1211,673,697]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BDD2A182574FF8EFBBEFD55FB4FFD60" box="[1141,1211,673,697]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[115,190,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox="[243,1396,192,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-15@18.[243,1396,192,1709]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8. Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Lapilli are macular views. Length in mm. A. Palaeogadus cf. P. weltoni Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09- 23, 1.46 mm. B. Gadiformes indeterminate, DMNH 2021-09-24, 1.56 mm. C. Tippaha mythica Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09-25, 3.85 mm. D. Eutawichthys maastrichtiensis Nolf and Stringer (1996), DMNH 2021-09-26, 3.93 mm. E. Eutawichthys zideki Nolf and Stringer (1996), DMNH 2021-09-27, 1.42 mm. F.Eutawichthys cf. E. stringeri Schwarzhans, Huddleston, and Takeuchi (2018b), DMNH 2021-09-28, 1.85 mm. G. Ampheristus cf. A. americanus Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09-29, 1.58 mm. H. Protobythities brzobohatyi Schwarzhans (2010), DMNH 2021-09-30, 1.68 mm. I. Lapillus type 1, DMNH 2021-09-31, 2.98 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913436/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">FIG. 8I</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162574FF8EFCABFD25FC2FFCD6" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2574FF8EFCABFD25FC2FFCD6" blockId="20.[832,1521,721,1522]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2574FF8EFCABFD25FC18FD32" bold="true" box="[864,1004,721,747]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Material—</emphasis>
|
||||
one small,slightly eroded specimen,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE582574FF8EFA55FD26FA05FD35" box="[1438,1521,722,748]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" type="Museum">DMNH</collectionCode>
|
||||
<date id="D758105D2574FF8EFC8BFD01FC2FFCD6" box="[832,987,757,783]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" value="2021-09-31">2021-09-31.</date>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162574FF8EFCABFCECFBA3FA2B" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2574FF8EFCABFCECFBA3FA2B" blockId="20.[832,1521,721,1522]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2574FF8EFCABFCECFB1DFCEB" bold="true" box="[864,1257,792,818]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Description and Remarks—</emphasis>
|
||||
The single utricular otolith identified as Lapillus
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C5D883F2574FF8EFB7AFCC8FB1CFC8F" box="[1201,1256,828,854]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
1 from the Arkadelphia Formation is small (around
|
||||
<quantity id="641E9B782574FF8EFB1FFCABFAE9FCA0" box="[1236,1309,863,889]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
) and rounded on several sides, which gives it a lobe-like appearance. The Arkadelphia specimen appears to be identical to specimens identified as utricular otoliths (family and genus indeterminate) from the Ripley Formation (Cretaceous, Maastrichtian) in northeast
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2574FF8EFB77FBFBFABBFBF0" box="[1212,1359,1039,1065]" country="United States of America" name="Mississippi" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Mississippi</collectingRegion>
|
||||
by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2574FF8EFA4EFBFBFC6DFB95" author="Stringer, G." pageId="20" pageNumber="19" pagination="9 - 20" refId="ref30621" refString="Stringer, G. 1991. Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) teleostean otoliths from the Ripley Formation, Union County, Mississippi. Mississippi Geology 11: 9 - 20." type="journal article" year="1991">Stringer (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2574FF8EFC61FBC6FB05FB95" author="Nolf, D. & G. Stringer" box="[938,1265,1074,1100]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" refId="ref28556" refString="Nolf, D., and G. Stringer. 1996. Cretaceous fish otoliths: a synthesis of the North American record. Pp. 433 - 459 in G. Arratia and G. Viohl (eds.). Mesozoic Fishes - Systematics and Paleoecology. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, Munich, Germany." type="book" year="1996">Nolf and Stringer (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, and Stringer et al. (2020, as Lapillus
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C5D883F2574FF8EFBE5FBA2FB91FBA9" box="[1070,1125,1110,1136]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
1). It was also noted from the Severn Formation by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2574FF8EFB83FB8CFA1FFB4A" author="Stringer, G. & W. Schwarzhans" box="[1096,1515,1144,1171]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" pagination="104867" refId="ref31141" refString="Stringer, G., and W. Schwarzhans. 2021. Upper Cretaceous teleosteans otoliths from the Severn Formation (Maastrichtian) of Maryland, USA, with an unusual occurrence of Silurifomes and Beryciformes and the oldest Atlantic coast Gadiformes. Cretaceous Research 125 (2021) 104867." type="journal article" year="2021">Stringer and Schwarzhans (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. Typically, Lapillus
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C5D883F2574FF8EFBECFB68FBAAFB6F" box="[1063,1118,1180,1206]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
1 is not numerous, but
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2574FF8EFA41FB6FFC22FB00" author="Stringer, G. & L. Oman & B. Badger" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" pagination="15 - 36" refId="ref31192" refString="Stringer, G., L. Oman, and B. Badger. 2016. Woodbury Formation (Campanian) in New Jersey yields largest known otolith assemblage of teleostean fishes in North America. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 165: 15 - 36." type="journal article" year="2016">Stringer et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
reported 36 of these utricular otoliths from the Woodbury Formation (Cretaceous, early-middle Campanian). Some of the utricular otoliths from
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2574FF8EFA41FAF1FC2AFA9A" author="Stringer, G. & L. Oman & B. Badger" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" pagination="15 - 36" refId="ref31192" refString="Stringer, G., L. Oman, and B. Badger. 2016. Woodbury Formation (Campanian) in New Jersey yields largest known otolith assemblage of teleostean fishes in North America. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 165: 15 - 36." type="journal article" year="2016">Stringer et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
are preserved especially well (their pl. 2, fig. 11) and show many features not discernible in the Arkadelphia Formation specimen. If the specimens represent the same taxon, then the teleost has a fairly long stratigraphic range from the early-middle Campanian to the late Maastrichtian.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
119
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Normal file
119
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<mods:title id="318C53F2B1A27F3BFA0F171D14CE9CF5">First Cretaceous teleostean otolith assemblage (Arkadelphia Formation, upper Maastrichtian) from Arkansas, USA, early Gadiformes, and the Western Interior Seaway</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E2143C6F87FA18678B31D5010019E5DF">Stringer, Gary L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="72BF878A7E45D1315E2F4F37A6CB77AD">Sloan, James Carson</mods:namePart>
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|
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|
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|
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<treatment id="2B4F878B2574FF8EFF50FA1CFC2DFDC3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F878B2574FF8EFF50FA1CFC2DFDC3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B4F878B2574FF8EFF50FA1CFC2DFDC3" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
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<subSubSection id="EBFC65162574FF8EFF50FA1CFD01F9D9" box="[155,757,1512,1537]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="A359369D2574FF8EFF50FA1CFD01F9D9" blockId="20.[155,757,1480,1573]" box="[155,757,1512,1537]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
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||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2574FF8EFF50FA1CFD01F9D9" authority="SCHWARZHANS, 2010" authorityName="SCHWARZHANS" authorityYear="2010" box="[155,757,1512,1537]" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Protobythites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brzobohatyi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2574FF8EFF50FA1CFDF1F9D8" box="[155,517,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">PROTOBYTHITES BRZOBOHATYI</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2574FF8EFDC1FA1CFD01F9D9" author="Schwarzhans, W." box="[522,757,1512,1536]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 100" refId="ref29730" refString="Schwarzhans, W. 2010. Otolithen aus den Gerhartsceiter Schichten (Oberkreide: Maastricht) des Gerhartsreiter Grabens (Oberbayern). Palaeo Ichthyologica 4: 1 - 100." type="journal article" year="2010">SCHWARZHANS, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162574FF8EFE6BF9F9FE04F9FC" box="[416,496,1549,1573]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2574FF8EFE6BF9F9FE04F9FC" blockId="20.[155,757,1480,1573]" box="[416,496,1549,1573]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BDD2A182574FF8EFE6BF9F9FE04F9FC" box="[416,496,1549,1573]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[115,190,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox="[243,1396,192,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-15@18.[243,1396,192,1709]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8. Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Lapilli are macular views. Length in mm. A. Palaeogadus cf. P. weltoni Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09- 23, 1.46 mm. B. Gadiformes indeterminate, DMNH 2021-09-24, 1.56 mm. C. Tippaha mythica Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09-25, 3.85 mm. D. Eutawichthys maastrichtiensis Nolf and Stringer (1996), DMNH 2021-09-26, 3.93 mm. E. Eutawichthys zideki Nolf and Stringer (1996), DMNH 2021-09-27, 1.42 mm. F.Eutawichthys cf. E. stringeri Schwarzhans, Huddleston, and Takeuchi (2018b), DMNH 2021-09-28, 1.85 mm. G. Ampheristus cf. A. americanus Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09-29, 1.58 mm. H. Protobythities brzobohatyi Schwarzhans (2010), DMNH 2021-09-30, 1.68 mm. I. Lapillus type 1, DMNH 2021-09-31, 2.98 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913436/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">FIG. 8H</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162574FF8EFF5BF9CAFEF8F9A5" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2574FF8EFF5BF9CAFEF8F9A5" blockId="20.[112,800,1598,1942]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2574FF8EFF5BF9CAFED4F981" bold="true" box="[144,288,1598,1624]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Material—</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="138E3CC02574FF8EFED4F9CBFEF3F9A5" collectionCode="DMNH" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" specimenCode="DMNH 2021-09, 30" specimenCount="4">
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5E0FD142574FF8EFED4F9CBFE2BF980" box="[287,479,1599,1625]" count="4" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" type="generic">four specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
, specimen figured,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F3409EE62574FF8EFD06F9CBFF2AF9A5" collectionCode="DMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" type="Museum">
|
||||
DMNH
|
||||
<date id="D758105D2574FF8EFFBBF996FEF8F9A5" box="[112,268,1634,1660]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" value="2021-09-30">
|
||||
2021-09-
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F3409EE62574FF8EFF2DF996FEF3F9A5" box="[230,263,1634,1660]" collectionCode="DMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" type="Museum">30</specimenCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162574FF8EFF5BF971FC2DFDC3" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2574FF8EFF5BF971FC2DFDC3" blockId="20.[112,800,1598,1942]" lastBlockId="20.[832,1520,195,538]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2574FF8EFF5BF971FDF9F946" bold="true" box="[144,525,1669,1695]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Description and Remarks—</emphasis>
|
||||
The four Arkadelphia Formation otoliths assigned to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2574FF8EFE2CF95DFCD4F91C" box="[487,800,1705,1733]" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Protobythites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brzobohatyi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2574FF8EFE2CF95DFCD4F91C" box="[487,800,1705,1733]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Protobythites brzobohatyi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2574FF8EFEECF93EFE34F93F" authorityName="KONIG" authorityYear="1825" box="[295,448,1738,1766]" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Ampheristus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2574FF8EFEECF93EFE34F93F" box="[295,448,1738,1766]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Ampheristus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but they are distinguished from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2574FF8EFF7BF919FEB2F8D0" authorityName="KONIG" authorityYear="1825" box="[176,326,1773,1801]" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Ampheristus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2574FF8EFF7BF919FEB2F8D0" box="[176,326,1773,1801]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Ampheristus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the inner face being distinctly convex in both the horizontal and vertical directions.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2574FF8EFD7CF8E6FEB8F888" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Protobythites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brzobohatyi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2574FF8EFD7CF8E6FEB8F888" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Protobythites brzobohatyi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
also has a relatively smooth inner face except for the slightly deepened sulcus (especially the cauda). The sulcus has a wide, long ostium and a short, flexed, narrow cauda. There is a very shallow dorsal depression present and a faint ventral furrow on the inner face. The margins are sharp.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2574FF8EFB64FEFEFA04FEFF" box="[1199,1520,266,294]" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Protobythites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brzobohatyi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2574FF8EFB64FEFEFA04FEFF" box="[1199,1520,266,294]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Protobythites brzobohatyi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has a thin appearance with a nearly flat outer face. The species was based on a single well-preserved otolith from the Maastrichtian of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2574FF8EFB8DFE87FB51FE54" box="[1094,1189,371,397]" country="Germany" name="Bayern" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Bavaria</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2574FF8EFB72FE87FA52FE54" author="Schwarzhans, W." box="[1209,1446,371,397]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 100" refId="ref29730" refString="Schwarzhans, W. 2010. Otolithen aus den Gerhartsceiter Schichten (Oberkreide: Maastricht) des Gerhartsreiter Grabens (Oberbayern). Palaeo Ichthyologica 4: 1 - 100." type="journal article" year="2010">Schwarzhans 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It is also known from the Maastrichtian Kemp Clay of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2574FF8EFA61FE63FA04FE68" box="[1450,1520,407,433]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2574FF8EFC80FE4DFB2EFE0A" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" box="[843,1242,441,467]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer 2020a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Its occurrence is now extended to the Maastrichtian Arkadelphia Formation of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2574FF8EFC94FDF4FC21FDC3" box="[863,981,512,538]" country="United States of America" name="Arkansas" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Arkansas</collectingRegion>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
129
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Normal file
129
data/2B/4F/87/2B4F878B2574FF8EFF5DFD16FE5CFA7F.xml
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
|
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<mods:title id="E8B33FBE0B9043DB5224D1CA79FDB2BF">First Cretaceous teleostean otolith assemblage (Arkadelphia Formation, upper Maastrichtian) from Arkansas, USA, early Gadiformes, and the Western Interior Seaway</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EF2FF84F3DFF608ABCA5647F5CB611BF">Stringer, Gary L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="35EAD0D395BBF87B6F30F51BF6F05642">Sloan, James Carson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="3DE48D2CB57BF05A783FD3524B1EAD40">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:classification id="403A788E0560FAABE47F5FD3A76BE4A7">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="5C01185DA80A3E3D41621EAB05345039" type="DOI">10.5070/P940361192.</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="2B4F878B2574FF8EFF5DFD16FE5CFA7F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F878B2574FF8EFF5DFD16FE5CFA7F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B4F878B2574FF8EFF5DFD16FE5CFA7F" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162574FF8EFF5DFD16FDDCFCC0" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2574FF8EFF5DFD16FDDCFCC0" blockId="20.[150,762,642,831]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<heading id="F81181F12574FF8EFF5DFD16FDDCFCC0" allCaps="true" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" reason="2">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2574FF8EFF5DFD16FEC8FD22" authorityName="KONIG" authorityYear="1825" box="[150,316,738,763]" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Ampheristus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2574FF8EFF5DFD16FEC8FD22" box="[150,316,738,763]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">AMPHERISTUS</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
CF.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2574FF8EFEA3FD14FDDCFCC0" authority="AMERICANUS SCHWARZHANS AND" authorityName="AMERICANUS SCHWARZHANS AND" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Ampheristus" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="americanus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2574FF8EFEA3FD14FDE8FD22" box="[360,540,736,763]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">A. AMERICANUS</emphasis>
|
||||
SCHWARZHANS AND
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5F7AE582574FF8EFEA3FCF6FE22FCC3" box="[360,470,770,794]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">STRINGER</collectionCode>
|
||||
, 2020a
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162574FF8EFE6AFCD3FE1BFCE6" box="[417,495,807,831]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2574FF8EFE6AFCD3FE1BFCE6" blockId="20.[150,762,642,831]" box="[417,495,807,831]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3BDD2A182574FF8EFE6AFCD3FE1BFCE6" box="[417,495,807,831]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[115,190,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox="[243,1396,192,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-15@18.[243,1396,192,1709]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8. Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Lapilli are macular views. Length in mm. A. Palaeogadus cf. P. weltoni Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09- 23, 1.46 mm. B. Gadiformes indeterminate, DMNH 2021-09-24, 1.56 mm. C. Tippaha mythica Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09-25, 3.85 mm. D. Eutawichthys maastrichtiensis Nolf and Stringer (1996), DMNH 2021-09-26, 3.93 mm. E. Eutawichthys zideki Nolf and Stringer (1996), DMNH 2021-09-27, 1.42 mm. F.Eutawichthys cf. E. stringeri Schwarzhans, Huddleston, and Takeuchi (2018b), DMNH 2021-09-28, 1.85 mm. G. Ampheristus cf. A. americanus Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a), DMNH 2021-09-29, 1.58 mm. H. Protobythities brzobohatyi Schwarzhans (2010), DMNH 2021-09-30, 1.68 mm. I. Lapillus type 1, DMNH 2021-09-31, 2.98 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913436/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">FIG. 8G</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162574FF8EFF5BFCACFEF8FC4F" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2574FF8EFF5BFCACFEF8FC4F" blockId="20.[112,801,856,1446]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2574FF8EFF5BFCACFED4FCAB" bold="true" box="[144,288,856,882]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Material—</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="138E3CC02574FF8EFEEBFCACFEF3FC4F" collectionCode="DMNH" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" specimenCode="DMNH 2021-09, 29" specimenCount="6">
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5E0FD142574FF8EFEEBFCACFE27FCAB" box="[288,467,856,882]" count="6" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" type="generic">six specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
, specimen figured,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F3409EE62574FF8EFD06FCADFF2AFC4F" collectionCode="DMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" type="Museum">
|
||||
DMNH
|
||||
<date id="D758105D2574FF8EFFBBFC88FEF8FC4F" box="[112,268,892,918]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" value="2021-09-29">
|
||||
2021-09-
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F3409EE62574FF8EFF2DFC88FEF3FC4F" box="[230,263,892,918]" collectionCode="DMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" type="Museum">29</specimenCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBFC65162574FF8EFF5BFC6AFE5CFA7F" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A359369D2574FF8EFF5BFC6AFE5CFA7F" blockId="20.[112,801,856,1446]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2574FF8EFF5BFC6AFDF1FC60" bold="true" box="[144,517,926,953]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Description and Remarks—</emphasis>
|
||||
The sagitta of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2574FF8EFD7DFC69FF5CFC05" authorityName="KONIG" authorityYear="1825" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Ampheristus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2574FF8EFD7DFC69FF5CFC05" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Ampheristus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
cf.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2574FF8EFF1DFC34FE70FC05" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[214,388,960,988]" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Ampheristus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="americanus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2574FF8EFF1DFC34FE70FC05" box="[214,388,960,988]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">A. americanus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is basically oval (
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2574FF8EFDACFC34FD5EFC05" box="[615,682,960,988]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">sensu</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2574FF8EFD78FC36FF2DFBD9" author="Smale, M. & G. Watson & T. Hecht" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 253" refId="ref30467" refString="Smale, M., G. Watson, and T. Hecht. 1995. Otolith atlas of southern African marine fishes. Ichthyological Monographs of the J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 1: 1 - 253." type="journal article" year="1995">Smale et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) with a long, nearly straight, smooth dorsal margin, while the ventral margin is regularly curved, deepest anterior of its middle, and relatively shallow. The inner face is convex horizontally with a long, slightly s-shaped sulcus that is medially located. The sulcus almost reaches the anterior margin but ends well before the posterior margin.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2574FF8EFE4BFB43FD5AFB0A" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" box="[384,686,1207,1235]" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Ampheristus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="americanus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2574FF8EFE4BFB43FD5AFB0A" box="[384,686,1207,1235]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Ampheristus americanus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was first named by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2574FF8EFF38FB2FFD5CFB2F" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" box="[243,680,1243,1270]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
based on
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5E0FD142574FF8EFFBBFB0BFED9FAC0" box="[112,301,1279,1305]" count="143" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" type="generic">143 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
from the Kemp Clay (Maastrichtian) of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2574FF8EFFBBFAD6FF42FAE5" box="[112,182,1314,1340]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||||
and the Clayton Formation (Danian) of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6122F87F2574FF8EFD6DFAD6FCE8FAE5" box="[678,796,1314,1340]" country="United States of America" name="Arkansas" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Arkansas</collectingRegion>
|
||||
. According to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2574FF8EFEDCFAB1FDEFFAB9" author="Schwarzhans, W." box="[279,539,1349,1376]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" pagination="77 - 91" refId="ref29526" refString="Schwarzhans, W. 1981. Die entwicklung det familie Pterothrissidae (Elopomorpha; Pisces), rekonstruiert nach otolithen. Senckenbergeana lethaea 62: 77 - 91." type="journal article" year="1981">Schwarzhans (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
the fossil genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2574FF8EFD25FAB0FF14FA5A" authorityName="KONIG" authorityYear="1825" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Ampheristus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2574FF8EFD25FAB0FF14FA5A" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Ampheristus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is considered to be closely related to the extant
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2574FF8EFFBBFA7EFE57FA7F" authority="Gill (1863)" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1863" box="[112,419,1418,1446]" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Hoplobrotula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9192EA8F2574FF8EFFBBFA7EFEE0FA7F" box="[112,276,1418,1446]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Hoplobrotula</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2574FF8EFED1FA7FFE57FA7F" author="Gill, T. N." box="[282,419,1419,1446]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" pagination="209 - 211" refId="ref26044" refString="Gill, T. N. 1863. Description of a new generic type of ophidioids. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 15: 209 - 211." type="journal article" year="1863">Gill (1863)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
116
data/2B/4F/9C/2B4F9C6833A3522A9C67205FE53796A5.xml
Normal file
116
data/2B/4F/9C/2B4F9C6833A3522A9C67205FE53796A5.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
|
|||
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<mods:title id="F8DAED2F9EC7A3982190D1CA49975318">Checklist of digeneans (Platyhelminthes, Trematoda, Digenea) of Georgia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="48F5D96B0AD12BDD40AB43FF71D3C156">Arabuli, Lela</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F483D6A925658D590813A9CFB5A36EB5">Institute of Zoology, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="093C8FCE679197DB930EAABC578B6BB5" type="email">lela.arabuli.1@iliauni.edu.ge</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="56670F516F973403C4FF12D610FB239E">Murvanidze, Lali</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="677A36271AD5DE8B95853EC00F35D352">Institute of Zoology, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7476E5535F13131B728F46DFBFE206D1">Faltynkova, Anna</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0478B71A1C49117E84C029EA918094A3" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3013-5881</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
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<mods:affiliation id="1C6A7886D0D626BA30CFD6107A1C1EEE">Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9EEF71EED8A16CE9527D6A012B048E22">Mumladze, Levan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E003BA202CC451E4E6180A946A68DB39" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2172-6973</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="E74A52150EF85BA813902E429C8C3938">Institute of Zoology, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="CEAA0AB02EC12C2A64116BBD87157E37">Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="CBC21CCAA090BC1D6FE367A43B1B782F">
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<mods:date id="F7F4BE01C077F32A3348E04E2092950B">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4614B06BC6356332E2AC373BF670F49C">2024-01-08</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B35EC347865CA90B789064D753E36811">12</mods:number>
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<treatment id="2B4F9C6833A3522A9C67205FE53796A5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F9C6833A3522A9C67205FE53796A5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B4F9C6833A3522A9C67205FE53796A5" lastPageNumber="110201" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">
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<subSubSection id="350DE86B41BB3CB6E694376A1FBD9515" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="53A3A0F56313E022871152E0C6CECF3A" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1DD03D3FB3D029F0F268059E6364D8CB" LSID="2B4F9C68-33A3-522A-9C67-205FE53796A5" authority="(Moedlinger, 1930) Macy, 1935" authorityName="(Mödlinger, 1930) Macy" authorityYear="1935" baseAuthorityName="Moedlinger" baseAuthorityYear="1930" class="Trematoda" family="Lecithodendriidae" genus="Ophiosacculus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophiosacculus mehelyi" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mehelyi">
|
||||
Ophiosacculus mehelyi (
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="EBE7B681736D13764A069F8C1E5156FD" originalValue="Mödlinger">Moedlinger</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 1930) Macy, 1935
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2311A7D9234B811B007825650C43E9A2" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0571F422E3D75AA250EF2F02A10C5FBE" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1EC7A19AF17AAD5FFE8BE3B4C6AD0A5" class="Trematoda" family="Lecithodendriidae" genus="Ophiosacculus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophiosacculus eptesicus" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="eptesicus">Ophiosacculus eptesicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Matsaberidze & Chotenowsky, 1965
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="154901AD9E0E214789F8752794692733" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" type="parasite of">
|
||||
<paragraph id="36F7DC66B70AF0D9E0B9DE4B590AC7BF" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">Parasite of</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E9657D8AA4DBA6CC72ADA9F5075BC8C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">
|
||||
mammals -
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BA74B488B83DDD9B49AB9D05B87A1DC9" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Chiroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Vespertilionidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7E7EC414AF3B951D7B37F995A9D29D1C" baseAuthorityName="Schreber" baseAuthorityYear="1774" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Eptesicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eptesicus serotinus" order="Chiroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="serotinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="12EADB67B7B010ED646E773972A84587" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">Eptesicus serotinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A2255B9654F57565C83CC99F5622423" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">
|
||||
<emphasis id="43BB9871646E433D96D01BFDEB48237B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">Site of infection</emphasis>
|
||||
: small intestine.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C26AED5252BFFB45F338D047B2263315" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C38941C40010089BEDF2671B22123EAD" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">Distribution</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="560201D2FA11B799E2B7C28E0FE84BD3" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">
|
||||
Occurring in Europe;
|
||||
<emphasis id="931B761604E4496F9E3CDAEFDFFA78F1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">in Georgia</emphasis>
|
||||
: EG: Mtskheta, Sagarejo - Gombori, Tbilisi reported by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="72D3D6675E20AC8ACAC571C7F5E317B0" author="Matsaberidze, G." journalOrPublisher="Institute of Zoology of Georgia SSR" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" refId="B9901824" refString="Matsaberidze, G., 1966. Helminths of micromammals of Eastern Georgia. Ph.D. Thesis. Institute of Zoology of Georgia SSR" title="Helminths of micromammals of Eastern Georgia. Ph. D. Thesis." year="1966">Matsaberidze (1966b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6971CD95D8A680AD4B74AE2462DFCC32" author="Matsaberidze, G." journalOrPublisher="Materials of the fauna of Georgia" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" pagination="90 - 92" refId="B9908230" refString="Matsaberidze, G., Khotenovskii, I., 1966. New trematode Ophiosacculus eptesicus n. sp. from bats Eptesicus serotinus of the eastern Georgia. Materials of the fauna of Georgia 1: 90 - 92" title="New trematode Ophiosacculus eptesicus n. sp. from bats Eptesicus serotinus of the eastern Georgia" volume="1" year="1966">Matsaberidze and Khotenovskii (1966a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="39F09BDF97D11EE7AC30CF4A306A81F8" author="Matsaberidze, G." journalOrPublisher="Collection of Parasitology" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" pagination="83 - 94" refId="B9908239" refString="Matsaberidze, G., Khotenovskii, I., 1967. Fauna of trematodes of bats of Georgia. In: Helminth Fauna of Animals and Plants of Georgia.: 83 - 94" title="Fauna of trematodes of bats of Georgia" volumeTitle="Helminth Fauna of Animals and Plants of Georgia." year="1967">Matsaberidze and Khotenovskii (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5F4C5EEFB0DD78C6E656D05FE90E9675" author="Matsabaridze, G." journalOrPublisher="Metsniereba, Tbilisi" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" refId="B9901872" refString="Matsabaridze, G., 1976. Helminths of micromammals of Georgia. Metsniereba, Tbilisi" title="Helminths of micromammals of Georgia." year="1976">Matsabaridze (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="ED04477D418AE580DC82ECBF8D98D09F" author="Tkach, Vasyl" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Parasitology" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" pagination="159 - 167" refId="B9908400" refString="Tkach, Vasyl, Lotz, Jeffrey M., Swiderski, Zdzislaw, Esteban, J. Guillermo, 2002. On the systematic position of Ophiosacculus Macy, 1935 (Digenea: Lecithodendriidae), with the erection of the Ophiosacculinae n. subfam. Systematic Parasitology 53 (3): 159 - 167" title="On the systematic position of Ophiosacculus Macy, 1935 (Digenea: Lecithodendriidae), with the erection of the Ophiosacculinae n. subfam." volume="53" year="2002">Tkach et al. (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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