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<document id="8A6CF278A1A4593D2658305CEAC15ED9" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.546.6443" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d9113fa2-22fc-469a-a4af-3a2d96270bd6" ID-PMC="PMC4714348" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-546-87" ID-PubMed="26798307" ID-ZooBank="1CEAF6086B6A4DBD929DA5FFA2FB776B" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-546-87" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 546" ModsDocTitle="A review of the cleptoparasitic bee genus Townsendiella (Apidae, Nomadinae, Townsendiellini), with the description of a new species from Pinnacles National Park" checkinTime="1451243618332" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Orr, Michael C. & Griswold, Terry L." docDate="2015" docId="2B139892060C950148607EA35239A3B2" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 546: 87-104" docOrigin="ZooKeys 546" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.546.6443" docTitle="Townsendiella rufiventris Linsley 1942" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="97" masterDocId="FFCDFD36FF960A4659649E34FFCCFF9D" masterDocTitle="A review of the cleptoparasitic bee genus Townsendiella (Apidae, Nomadinae, Townsendiellini), with the description of a new species from Pinnacles National Park" masterLastPageNumber="104" masterPageNumber="87" pageNumber="96" updateTime="1701315940115" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E655146CD970FB4BB8DBBD4FCE3BCBD0">
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<mods:title id="EFAE8E3ADE517E42EFE398BEE2008DFA">A review of the cleptoparasitic bee genus Townsendiella (Apidae, Nomadinae, Townsendiellini), with the description of a new species from Pinnacles National Park</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="818A62F0FE285922D5946CA38F376BF7">Orr, Michael C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9439F191905D6ED5787DB117F3F09398">Griswold, Terry L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D7CFCD3D49A4FD98BF0468F6E3595780">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6E63BE848857221EDD139F169D174DFC">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7C3CE89B7A511D7F090305F31E326DD0">546</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="5B1F8086D4A21D351CCD00701F6115AF">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="163607388C6E4DC490FB76CBCE457690" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.546.6443</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="2B139892060C950148607EA35239A3B2" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127898123" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B139892060C950148607EA35239A3B2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B139892060C950148607EA35239A3B2" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="97" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">
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<subSubSection id="C846CEBC9E98CFB6F15C815CA9EDF26F" pageId="9" pageNumber="96" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="AB87F87F738ADA64A6FB1DE22EFA75FB" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Apidae</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="1984A906184E4E41E612F561208296D0" pageId="9" pageNumber="96" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E386B4641EB2EF0EC130D243501E7063" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="26DB887FE536DD6153A6FB21FF1A4EB3" ID-CoL="57L92" authority="Linsley, 1942" authorityName="Linsley" authorityYear="1942" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Townsendiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Townsendiella rufiventris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufiventris">Townsendiella rufiventris Linsley, 1942</taxonomicName>
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||||
Fig. 3b
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="ED969174640FAE71CBF4DE1A1FF825A6" pageId="9" pageNumber="96" type="holotype">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D59E0F8827DBCCA4EFC7D1B55409737A" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">Holotype.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B1AA087A34187230D7129CCF9193F383" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">female, pinned; Palm Springs, California; Mar 26, 1932; deposited in CAS (Type#14881).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="4DD41A800D2C8FAD308B693DB45206AB" pageId="9" pageNumber="96" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="323A9F3A726D90EB17A6C6BCAE408C4D" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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||||
<paragraph id="DC85734A391F42D20BE02E64F300278A" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">
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The female of this species may immediately be separated from the other
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||||
<taxonomicName id="A43C16E62B902D7199658990D5DECB5D" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Townsendiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Townsendiella" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Townsendiella</taxonomicName>
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||||
by the presence of the lunule on T5 (apicomedial impressed rim with dense, fine punctures). Both females and males also have a strong medial production on the metanotum, which is not seen in other species. The male gonoforceps are quite distinctly flattened and relatively transparent, lacking a distinct gonostylus.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="595C995B8510A6AFE5789ACD9F81A6FB" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="97" pageId="9" pageNumber="96" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="99F350C19EB756B22010675BE1428226" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="62D4088E740133C266974A67252783A6" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="97" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">
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The distribution of
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<taxonomicName id="771EA26D876295E4D2A19D03D703CAF0" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Townsendiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Townsendiella rufiventris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufiventris">Townsendiella rufiventris</taxonomicName>
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is exceptionally broad among the
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<taxonomicName id="F9AF14D71E0161EA864203DE647267E3" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Townsendiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Townsendiella" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Townsendiella</taxonomicName>
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||||
, spanning from Baja California, Mexico, and the eastern Sonoran Desert,
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="8708AEF4011F5C6B0CF5EFF5103C431C" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" start="start">extending</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
northward through the coastal ranges nearly to the San Francisco Bay. As such, this species has both the most southerly and westerly collection events of any
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="79992D5184EB19162E55BE4ADA74FE89" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Townsendiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Townsendiella" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Townsendiella</taxonomicName>
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||||
. It inhabits several ecoregions, given here in order of most to least collection localities: Mojave Desert, Sonoran Desert, California coastal sage and chaparral, California interior chaparral and woodlands, California montane chaparral and woodlands, and Baja California Desert.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9C9E5A807394C53CD9B682D8CF16BF5A" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" type="phenology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6174ED988AC0BA40CB0924DA3F972B38" pageId="10" pageNumber="97">Phenology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3C5BD702D05035DBC9EFBF0CC38A4432" pageId="10" pageNumber="97">This species is known to fly from mid-March through July, although its phenology appears to differ throughout its range. Within the Mojave, it appears to be most active from late March through May. In the South Coast Range, however, it appears to be active in June and July. Further collections from its northern distribution are necessary to test this possibility.</paragraph>
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||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="09DFD8CF3653261693A99F9AA475B2D5" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" type="bee hosts">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C809B8D839477F70C52437A338F77AEC" pageId="10" pageNumber="97">Bee hosts.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DC9F9971579129953A8DB7478030C72D" pageId="10" pageNumber="97">
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Interestingly,
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<taxonomicName id="AD372A14A418CF4FA72A0C2CA6BF4AA6" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Townsendiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Townsendiella rufiventris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufiventris">Townsendiella rufiventris</taxonomicName>
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appears to use the halictid genus
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<taxonomicName id="3D012CC39F865CA7C602073347D4AD41" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Conanthalictus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Conanthalictus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Conanthalictus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Cockerell as hosts, although prior publications have not listed hosts at the species-level (
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<bibRefCitation id="36FE6F4A23FDC69A6CC93DA118EE6BEC" author="Linsley, EG" journalOrPublisher="Hilgardia" pageId="13" pageNumber="100" pagination="543 - 599" title="The ecology of solitary bees." url="10.3733/hilg.v27n19p543" volume="27" year="1958">Linsley 1958</bibRefCitation>
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||||
,
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||||
<bibRefCitation id="F785B2E98F8F26D82F973ACD6F9BF25A" author="Rozen, JG Jr" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="14" pageNumber="101" pagination="1 - 11" title="Biology and larvae of the cleptoparasitic bee Townsendiellapulchra and nesting biology of its host Hesperapislarreae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)." volume="3005" year="1991">Rozen and McGinley 1991</bibRefCitation>
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). A determination label by the late Paul D. Hurd with a date of 1963 from the Essig Museum gives the determination of
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||||
<taxonomicName id="12BBC6BC6F914610F77713A90BB828C2" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Townsendiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Townsendiella rufiventris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufiventris">Townsendiella rufiventris</taxonomicName>
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and states it was "flying about nest site of
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<taxonomicName id="910130E7951A0E26385AE2BE958C768A" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Conanthalictus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Conanthalictus nigricans" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigricans">Conanthalictus nigricans</taxonomicName>
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Timb." The label was placed before a series of
|
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<taxonomicName id="C3D5C9766C488C119BE805FF81385953" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Townsendiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Townsendiella rufiventris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufiventris">Townsendiella rufiventris</taxonomicName>
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||||
from "San Marcos Ranch HQ, Santa Inez Mts," found near Santa Barbara Co., California. More recently,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F8DDEA1FB4067BF7693F0276B5CFE550" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Townsendiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Townsendiella rufiventris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufiventris">Townsendiella rufiventris</taxonomicName>
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||||
has been collected northwest of San Bernardino, California ("N Sierra Ave") invading the nests of
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<taxonomicName id="706B24609CB3323C0243FB03240F5A88" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Conanthalictus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Conanthalictus bakeri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri">Conanthalictus bakeri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Crawford, 1907 (D. Yanega, unpublished observations, 30 April 2015). Circumstantial evidence has also been found in the association of high numbers of
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<taxonomicName id="F9378894AC4A9AD5CF974CE800A5A273" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Townsendiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Townsendiella rufiventris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufiventris">Townsendiella rufiventris</taxonomicName>
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at sites with
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<taxonomicName id="DFD949D8FD760EAEC2CECF9543E3D234" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Conanthalictus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Conanthalictus bakeri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri">Conanthalictus bakeri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
("Jamul CA" and "Spring Valley CA") and
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||||
<taxonomicName id="F0E515C888A2C6210DCDEED4FDEB585C" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Conanthalictus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Conanthalictus wilmattae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wilmattae">Conanthalictus wilmattae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Cockerell, 1936 ("Anza-Borrego, In-Ko-Pah Park" and "Anza-Borrego:
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="EEB1FC0D41F5FB5D2D02650DFC6523EF" originalValue="Peña">Pena</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Spring"), all sites which yielded few to no
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8CCAB70A65F8EF89EE6316494E4EBD47" class="Insecta" family="Melittidae" genus="Hesperapis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hesperapis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hesperapis</taxonomicName>
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, though no positive host associations were possible (J. Hung, unpublished observations, 14 May 2015).
|
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="8A602F3D5A226886C43CE8458C3A72B7" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" type="floral hosts">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0C5FD9B63756B0E0AD15253E0E1D1D0C" pageId="10" pageNumber="97">Floral hosts.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="298DC4465E91A412E9D7706389436822" pageId="10" pageNumber="97">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2416BBBA11BB236456450D57371E7328" family="Asteraceae" lsidName="" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BB6446B96C6BB6E6D26BCA36F63A2073" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Lasthenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lasthenia californica" order="Asterales" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="californica">Lasthenia californica</taxonomicName>
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||||
DC. ex Lindl.;
|
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<taxonomicName id="14683702DD56A70D39D781BA96B4417A" family="Boraginaceae" lsidName="" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" rank="family">Boraginaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="16EE83F1B390971CB003A4321773E745" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cryptantha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cryptantha intermedia" order="Boraginales" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="intermedia">Cryptantha intermedia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(A. Gray) Greene,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1864CDC70F8E7DF9C7B2C723C389E634" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Cryptantha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cryptantha" order="Boraginales" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Cryptantha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. Lehm. ex G. Don,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E5B8DD35B721BC963864AC3394719CBC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Hydrophyllaceae" genus="Phacelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phacelia distans" order="Boraginales" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="distans">Phacelia distans</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Benth.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="37AFCA3950F327BFA0EE1D0E5CCC8940" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Hydrophyllaceae" genus="Phacelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phacelia" order="Boraginales" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Phacelia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. Juss.;
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D993366B0628135EA8590D39AC3D9906" family="Onagraceae" lsidName="" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" rank="family">Onagraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2878C8BAEBCF4A3DF242828D3581A015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Chylismia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chylismia munzii" order="Myrtales" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="munzii">Chylismia munzii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(P.H. Raven) W.L. Wagner & Hoch.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="4B32D19DE8D481EA80B12602C9F7C707" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="98" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="242E5F97F7C6BF919BD158AEE9CE399B" pageId="10" pageNumber="97">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="200534818A4B7ABB4985C5E8790CD50F" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="98" pageId="10" pageNumber="97">
|
||||
The possibility that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6F7AA702539B78852F7A603BE0391B6C" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Townsendiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Townsendiella rufiventris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufiventris">Townsendiella rufiventris</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is two species was explored based on observations by Doug Yanega (pers. comm., 10 December 2013). The primary character investigated was the form of the lunule on the female T5, a finely-pitted, tessellate apicomedial depression filling the otherwise concave rim, the presence of which is a unique character for
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0C4003CD0D3C2C44859D3C27DB049967" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Townsendiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Townsendiella rufiventris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufiventris">Townsendiella rufiventris</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The species may be roughly split into two series, those with a flat apical rim on the lunule (series 1) and those with an apical lunule which projects farthest medially (series 2; allied with type of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="53571F3A1CEBD21B1CF80A012949B853" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Townsendiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Townsendiella rufiventris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufiventris">Townsendiella rufiventris</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). However, the reliability of the lunule as a character is questionable in light of its apparent flexibility, demonstrated by the variability in its angle relative to the rest of T5 across specimens of the same series. The area basal to the lunule is also variable, going from sparsely pitted and shiny in series 1 to densely, craggily pitted and dull in series 2, although numerous exceptions have been discovered. The proportion of black integument basal to the lunule also varies, with more in series 1 and less in series 2, but
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="9072892E4B5A7E4E797DF90DDFAD799B" pageId="11" pageNumber="98" start="start">exceptions</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
to this have also been found. The male genitalia were also examined, using four males collected with females of series 1 and three specimens associated with series 2 females, but no diagnostic characters were detected. No characters from either sex which clearly and consistently delineate the two entities were discovered. A geographic split is also impossible; although series 2 is primarily found in southern California, the range of series 1 appears to completely envelop that of series 2. It must also be noted that females of both series 1 and series 2 were found from the same collection event thrice, casting further doubt on the existence of two species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
99
data/2B/13/C9/2B13C980D95F69ACD862ACAF6E2693C9.xml
Normal file
99
data/2B/13/C9/2B13C980D95F69ACD862ACAF6E2693C9.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
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|||
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|
||||
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|
||||
<mods:title>Catalogue of Texas spiders</mods:title>
|
||||
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|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Dean, David Allen</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">a-dean-ento@tamu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
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|
||||
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||||
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|
||||
<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127856155" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B13C980D95F69ACD862ACAF6E2693C9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B13C980D95F69ACD862ACAF6E2693C9" lastPageNumber="254" pageId="253" pageNumber="254">
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<taxonomicName LSID="2B13C980-D95F-69AC-D862-ACAF6E2693C9" authority="Gertsch & Davis, 1936" authorityName="Gertsch & Davis" authorityYear="1936" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Opopaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opopaea meditata" order="Araneae" pageId="253" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meditata">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="253" pageNumber="254" start="start">Opopaea</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
meditata Gertsch & Davis, 1936
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="253" pageNumber="254" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="253" pageNumber="254">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch & Davis" authorityYear="1936" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Opopaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opopaea meditata" order="Araneae" pageId="253" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meditata">Opopaea meditata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Bonnet, P" pageId="435" pageNumber="436" refId="B62" refString="Bonnet, P, 1958. Bibliographia Araneorum. Toulouse, 2(4): 3027-4230 (N-S)." title="Bibliographia Araneorum. Toulouse, 2 (4): 3027 - 4230 (N-S)." year="1958">Bonnet 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 3197;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Comstock, JH" pageId="441" pageNumber="442" refId="B184" refString="Comstock, JH, 1940. The spider book, revised and edited by W. J. Gertsch. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, reprinted 1975, 729 pp." title="The spider book, revised and edited by W. J. Gertsch. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, reprinted 1975, 729 pp." year="1940">Comstock 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 312, desc.;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Gertsch, WJ" pageId="447" pageNumber="448" refId="B302" refString="Gertsch, WJ, Davis, LI, 1936. New spiders from Texas. American Museum Novitates 881: 1-21." title="New spiders from Texas. American Museum Novitates 881: 1 - 21." year="1936">Gertsch and Davis 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 20, f, desc. (figs 25-26);
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Gertsch, WJ" pageId="447" pageNumber="448" refId="B309" refString="Gertsch, WJ, Mulaik, S, 1940. The spiders of Texas I. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 77: 307-340." title="The spiders of Texas I. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 77: 307 - 340." year="1940">Gertsch and Mulaik 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 325;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Jackman, JA" pageId="451" pageNumber="452" refId="B378" refString="Jackman, JA, 1997. A field guide to spiders and scorpions of Texas. Texas Monthly Field Guide Series, Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, Texas, 201 pp." title="A field guide to spiders and scorpions of Texas. Texas Monthly Field Guide Series, Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, Texas, 201 pp." year="1997">Jackman 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 166;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Platnick, NI" pageId="463" pageNumber="464" publicationUrl="10.1206/679.1" refId="B595" refString="Platnick, NI, Duperre, N, 2009b. The American goblin spiders of the new genus Escaphiella (Araneae, Oonopidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 328: 1-151. doi: 10.1206/679.1" title="The American goblin spiders of the new genus Escaphiella (Araneae, Oonopidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 328: 1 - 151. doi:" url="10.1206/679.1" year="2009 b">
|
||||
Platnick and
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Dupérré">Duperre</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2009b
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 4;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Roewer, CF" pageId="467" pageNumber="468" refId="B679" refString="Roewer, CF, 1942. Katalog der Araneae von 1758 bis 1940. Bremen, Germany, volume 1." title="Katalog der Araneae von 1758 bis 1940. Bremen, Germany, volume 1." year="1942">Roewer 1942</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 288
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="253" pageNumber="254">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Opopaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opopaea mediata" order="Araneae" pageId="253" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediata">Opopaea mediata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Gertsch and Davis, 1936;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Vogel, BR" pageId="471" pageNumber="472" refId="B759" refString="Vogel, BR, 1970b. Bibliography of Texas Spiders. Armadillo Papers 2: 1-36." title="Bibliography of Texas Spiders. Armadillo Papers 2: 1 - 36." year="1970 b">Vogel 1970b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 15
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="253" pageNumber="254" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="253" pageNumber="254">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="253" pageNumber="254">Bexar</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="253" pageNumber="254" type="time of activity">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="253" pageNumber="254">Time of activity.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="253" pageNumber="254">Female (December)</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="253" pageNumber="254" type="type">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="253" pageNumber="254">Type.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="253" pageNumber="254">Texas (female, Bexar Co., San Antonio, December 28, 1935, L. I. Davis, holotype, AMNH)</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="253" pageNumber="254">[male unknown]</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="253" pageNumber="254" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="253" pageNumber="254">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="253" pageNumber="254">Latin, meditate</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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