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<figureCitation id="131DB0D2E665FFE1FEBBFE985DF0FEF5" box="[335,402,348,370]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="1.[131,184,1562,1577]" captionStartId-1="2.[131,184,1586,1601]" captionStartId-2="3.[130,183,1586,1601]" captionTargetBox-0="[113,1171,148,1544]" captionTargetBox-1="[113,1171,525,1571]" captionTargetBox-2="[123,1168,751,1574]" captionTargetId-0="figure-70@1.[129,1155,164,1547]" captionTargetId-1="figure-189@2.[129,1156,545,1570]" captionTargetId-2="figure-307@3.[129,1156,763,1571]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionTargetPageId-2="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. SEM pictures of VilertiO gOleOtO gen. nov. sp. nov. A: Different views of the shell; B: Protoconch; C-D: Microsculpture of the protoconch; E: Operculum. Fotografies SEM de VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:diferents vistes de la closca;B:protoconquilla;C-D:microescultura de la protoconquilla;E:opercle." captionText-1="FIGURE2. A:Holotype of VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.B-D:Paratypes photographed under ethanol.Scale:1 mm. A:holotip de VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.B-D:paratips fotografiats sota etanol. Escala:1 mm." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:shell (paratype);B: male copulatory organ;C:intestinal loop;D-E:operculum (inner side).Scale:1 mm VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:conquilla (paratip);B: òrgancopulador del mascle;C:gir intestinal;D-E:opercle (costatintern).Escala:1mm" figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12170408" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12170410" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12170412" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/12170408/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/12170410/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/12170412/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">Fig. 1-3</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="131DB0D2E665FFE1FEBBFE985DF0FEF5" box="[335,402,348,370]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="1.[131,184,1562,1577]" captionStartId-1="2.[131,184,1586,1601]" captionStartId-2="3.[130,183,1586,1601]" captionTargetBox-0="[113,1171,148,1544]" captionTargetBox-1="[113,1171,525,1571]" captionTargetBox-2="[123,1168,751,1574]" captionTargetId-0="figure-70@1.[129,1155,164,1547]" captionTargetId-1="figure-189@2.[129,1156,545,1570]" captionTargetId-2="figure-307@3.[129,1156,763,1571]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionTargetPageId-2="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. SEM pictures of VilertiO gOleOtO gen. nov. sp. nov. A: Different views of the shell; B: Protoconch; C-D: Microsculpture of the protoconch; E: Operculum. Fotografies SEM de VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:diferents vistes de la closca;B:protoconquilla;C-D:microescultura de la protoconquilla;E:opercle." captionText-1="FIGURE2. A:Holotype of VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.B-D:Paratypes photographed under ethanol.Scale:1 mm. A:holotip de VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.B-D:paratips fotografiats sota etanol. Escala:1 mm." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:shell (paratype);B: male copulatory organ;C:intestinal loop;D-E:operculum (inner side).Scale:1 mm VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:conquilla (paratip);B: òrgancopulador del mascle;C:gir intestinal;D-E:opercle (costatintern).Escala:1mm" figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12745849" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12745851" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12745855" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/12745849/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/12745851/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/12745855/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">Fig. 1-3</figureCitation>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
@ -124,9 +126,9 @@ d’en
|
|||
) located in the
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFD362DE665FFE1FF4EFD9A5D4DFDF0" box="[186,303,606,628]" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">Fluvià River</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
basin (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="131DB0D2E665FFE1FE8AFD9A5DD5FDF7" box="[382,439,606,628]" captionStart="FIGURE4" captionStartId="4.[131,184,1586,1601]" captionTargetBox="[121,1163,1083,1575]" captionTargetId="figure-524@4.[129,1156,1090,1570]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE4. Map of Spain showing the localities where VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.were found.A:Deu d’en Roure;B: Fontde Beu i Tapa. Mapa d’Espanya mostrant les localitats on es va trobar VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:deu d’en Roure;B:font de Beu i Tapa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12170414" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12170414/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="131DB0D2E665FFE1FE8AFD9A5DD5FDF7" box="[382,439,606,628]" captionStart="FIGURE4" captionStartId="4.[131,184,1586,1601]" captionTargetBox="[121,1163,1083,1575]" captionTargetId="figure-524@4.[129,1156,1090,1570]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE4. Map of Spain showing the localities where VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.were found.A:Deu d’en Roure;B: Fontde Beu i Tapa. Mapa d’Espanya mostrant les localitats on es va trobar VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:deu d’en Roure;B:font de Beu i Tapa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12745858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12745858/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<figureCitation id="131DB0D2E665FFE1FE29FDA45D8AFDF2" box="[477,488,608,630]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[132,185,1585,1600]" captionTargetBox="[122,1165,404,1575]" captionTargetId="figure-171@5.[129,1155,414,1569]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5.VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.habitat.A-B:Deu d’en Roure;C:Font de Beu i Tapa.D-E:live specimens. Hàbitatde VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A-B:deud’en Roure;C:font de Beu i Tapa.D-E:exemplars vius." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12170416" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12170416/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">5</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="131DB0D2E665FFE1FE29FDA45D8AFDF2" box="[477,488,608,630]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[132,185,1585,1600]" captionTargetBox="[122,1165,404,1575]" captionTargetId="figure-171@5.[129,1155,414,1569]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5.VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.habitat.A-B:Deu d’en Roure;C:Font de Beu i Tapa.D-E:live specimens. Hàbitatde VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A-B:deud’en Roure;C:font de Beu i Tapa.D-E:exemplars vius." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12745862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12745862/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">5</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="62F8D4DBE665FFE1FE0FFD9A5E0FFDF0" box="[507,621,606,628]" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">Coordinates</collectingCounty>
|
||||
: 31TDG
|
||||
|
|
@ -153,33 +155,33 @@ Small shell, with valvatiform shape,
|
|||
in height and
|
||||
<quantity id="4CDE01B2E665FFE1FC5BFF3F584FFE95" box="[943,1069,251,273]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.045" metricValueMax="1.13" metricValueMin="0.96" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" unit="mm" value="1.045" valueMax="1.13" valueMin="0.96">0.96 -1.13 mm</quantity>
|
||||
diameter, with 3 whorls, deep sutures, and translucid coloration in freshly-collected specimens (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="131DB0D2E665FFE1FC4DFEF85F8EFED5" box="[953,1004,316,338]" captionStart="FIGURE2" captionStartId="2.[131,184,1586,1601]" captionTargetBox="[113,1171,525,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-189@2.[129,1156,545,1570]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE2. A:Holotype of VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.B-D:Paratypes photographed under ethanol.Scale:1 mm. A:holotip de VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.B-D:paratips fotografiats sota etanol. Escala:1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12170410" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12170410/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="131DB0D2E665FFE1FC4DFEF85F8EFED5" box="[953,1004,316,338]" captionStart="FIGURE2" captionStartId="2.[131,184,1586,1601]" captionTargetBox="[113,1171,525,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-189@2.[129,1156,545,1570]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE2. A:Holotype of VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.B-D:Paratypes photographed under ethanol.Scale:1 mm. A:holotip de VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.B-D:paratips fotografiats sota etanol. Escala:1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12745851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12745851/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="131DB0D2E665FFE1FC01FEF85863FED5" box="[1013,1025,316,337]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[130,183,1586,1601]" captionTargetBox="[123,1168,751,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-307@3.[129,1156,763,1571]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:shell (paratype);B: male copulatory organ;C:intestinal loop;D-E:operculum (inner side).Scale:1 mm VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:conquilla (paratip);B: òrgancopulador del mascle;C:gir intestinal;D-E:opercle (costatintern).Escala:1mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12170412" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12170412/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">3</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="131DB0D2E665FFE1FC01FEF85863FED5" box="[1013,1025,316,337]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[130,183,1586,1601]" captionTargetBox="[123,1168,751,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-307@3.[129,1156,763,1571]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:shell (paratype);B: male copulatory organ;C:intestinal loop;D-E:operculum (inner side).Scale:1 mm VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:conquilla (paratip);B: òrgancopulador del mascle;C:gir intestinal;D-E:opercle (costatintern).Escala:1mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12745855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12745855/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">3</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="131DB0D2E665FFE1FBFEFEF85874FED6" box="[1034,1046,316,338]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[131,184,691,706]" captionTargetBox="[120,1162,164,680]" captionTargetId="figure-281@6.[130,1156,169,675]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6.VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.shell profile (lef) and measurements from the different specimens studied (right). Aspecte de la conquilla de VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.(esquerra) i mesures dels exemplars estudiats (dreta)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12170418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12170418/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="131DB0D2E665FFE1FBFEFEF85874FED6" box="[1034,1046,316,338]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[131,184,691,706]" captionTargetBox="[120,1162,164,680]" captionTargetId="figure-281@6.[130,1156,169,675]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6.VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.shell profile (lef) and measurements from the different specimens studied (right). Aspecte de la conquilla de VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.(esquerra) i mesures dels exemplars estudiats (dreta)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12745864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12745864/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Protoconch microsculpture is formed by irregularly arranged microdepressions (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="131DB0D2E665FFE1FCBAFEB85FE5FE16" box="[846,903,380,402]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[131,184,1562,1577]" captionTargetBox="[113,1171,148,1544]" captionTargetId="figure-70@1.[129,1155,164,1547]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. SEM pictures of VilertiO gOleOtO gen. nov. sp. nov. A: Different views of the shell; B: Protoconch; C-D: Microsculpture of the protoconch; E: Operculum. Fotografies SEM de VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:diferents vistes de la closca;B:protoconquilla;C-D:microescultura de la protoconquilla;E:opercle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12170408" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12170408/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="131DB0D2E665FFE1FCBAFEB85FE5FE16" box="[846,903,380,402]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[131,184,1562,1577]" captionTargetBox="[113,1171,148,1544]" captionTargetId="figure-70@1.[129,1155,164,1547]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. SEM pictures of VilertiO gOleOtO gen. nov. sp. nov. A: Different views of the shell; B: Protoconch; C-D: Microsculpture of the protoconch; E: Operculum. Fotografies SEM de VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:diferents vistes de la closca;B:protoconquilla;C-D:microescultura de la protoconquilla;E:opercle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12745849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12745849/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
C-D). Teleoconch showing growing lines. Deep and wide umbilicus, ovoid aperture, about
|
||||
<quantity id="4CDE01B2E665FFE1FCF4FE795F1CFE56" box="[768,894,445,467]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" unit="mm" value="0.7" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.6">0.60 -0.80 mm</quantity>
|
||||
high and
|
||||
<quantity id="4CDE01B2E665FFE1FC28FE785838FE56" box="[988,1114,444,467]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.85" metricValueMax="6.6" metricValueMin="5.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" unit="mm" value="0.585" valueMax="0.66" valueMin="0.51">0.51 -0.66 mm</quantity>
|
||||
wide, slightly oblique, and having a sharp peristome, slightly reflected towards the columella, and strongly towards the outer lip. Last whorl represents 90 % of total height. Corneum operculum, with orange to yellow coloration, convex in the inner side (see
|
||||
<figureCitation id="131DB0D2E665FFE1FC56FD9A5F82FDF7" box="[930,992,606,628]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[131,184,1562,1577]" captionTargetBox="[113,1171,148,1544]" captionTargetId="figure-70@1.[129,1155,164,1547]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. SEM pictures of VilertiO gOleOtO gen. nov. sp. nov. A: Different views of the shell; B: Protoconch; C-D: Microsculpture of the protoconch; E: Operculum. Fotografies SEM de VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:diferents vistes de la closca;B:protoconquilla;C-D:microescultura de la protoconquilla;E:opercle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12170408" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12170408/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">Fig. 1E</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="131DB0D2E665FFE1FC56FD9A5F82FDF7" box="[930,992,606,628]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[131,184,1562,1577]" captionTargetBox="[113,1171,148,1544]" captionTargetId="figure-70@1.[129,1155,164,1547]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. SEM pictures of VilertiO gOleOtO gen. nov. sp. nov. A: Different views of the shell; B: Protoconch; C-D: Microsculpture of the protoconch; E: Operculum. Fotografies SEM de VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:diferents vistes de la closca;B:protoconquilla;C-D:microescultura de la protoconquilla;E:opercle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12745849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12745849/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">Fig. 1E</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="131DB0D2E665FFE1FC1DFD9A5866FDF0" box="[1001,1028,606,628]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[130,183,1586,1601]" captionTargetBox="[123,1168,751,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-307@3.[129,1156,763,1571]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:shell (paratype);B: male copulatory organ;C:intestinal loop;D-E:operculum (inner side).Scale:1 mm VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:conquilla (paratip);B: òrgancopulador del mascle;C:gir intestinal;D-E:opercle (costatintern).Escala:1mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12170412" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12170412/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">3D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="131DB0D2E665FFE1FC1DFD9A5866FDF0" box="[1001,1028,606,628]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[130,183,1586,1601]" captionTargetBox="[123,1168,751,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-307@3.[129,1156,763,1571]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:shell (paratype);B: male copulatory organ;C:intestinal loop;D-E:operculum (inner side).Scale:1 mm VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:conquilla (paratip);B: òrgancopulador del mascle;C:gir intestinal;D-E:opercle (costatintern).Escala:1mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12745855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12745855/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">3D</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B99AC57E665FFE6FD5EFDBA5D88FF75" blockId="3.[659,1171,155,692]" lastBlockId="4.[113,624,155,499]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9527045E665FFE1FD5EFDBA5E9AFD10" bold="true" box="[682,760,638,660]" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">Animal:</emphasis>
|
||||
The animal is colorless, and the eyes are missing. The penis is broad and rounded at the tip with a penial lobe of the same length (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="131DB0D2E662FFE6FE30FF5F5E6BFF35" box="[452,521,155,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[130,183,1586,1601]" captionTargetBox="[123,1168,751,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-307@3.[129,1156,763,1571]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:shell (paratype);B: male copulatory organ;C:intestinal loop;D-E:operculum (inner side).Scale:1 mm VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:conquilla (paratip);B: òrgancopulador del mascle;C:gir intestinal;D-E:opercle (costatintern).Escala:1mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12170412" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12170412/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="164">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="131DB0D2E662FFE6FE30FF5F5E6BFF35" box="[452,521,155,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[130,183,1586,1601]" captionTargetBox="[123,1168,751,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-307@3.[129,1156,763,1571]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:shell (paratype);B: male copulatory organ;C:intestinal loop;D-E:operculum (inner side).Scale:1 mm VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:conquilla (paratip);B: òrgancopulador del mascle;C:gir intestinal;D-E:opercle (costatintern).Escala:1mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12745855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12745855/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="164">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Intestine with one loop (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="131DB0D2E662FFE6FF09FF7F5D5DFF55" box="[253,319,187,209]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[130,183,1586,1601]" captionTargetBox="[123,1168,751,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-307@3.[129,1156,763,1571]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:shell (paratype);B: male copulatory organ;C:intestinal loop;D-E:operculum (inner side).Scale:1 mm VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:conquilla (paratip);B: òrgancopulador del mascle;C:gir intestinal;D-E:opercle (costatintern).Escala:1mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12170412" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12170412/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="164">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="131DB0D2E662FFE6FF09FF7F5D5DFF55" box="[253,319,187,209]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[130,183,1586,1601]" captionTargetBox="[123,1168,751,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-307@3.[129,1156,763,1571]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:shell (paratype);B: male copulatory organ;C:intestinal loop;D-E:operculum (inner side).Scale:1 mm VilertiO gOleOtO gen.nov.sp.nov.A:conquilla (paratip);B: òrgancopulador del mascle;C:gir intestinal;D-E:opercle (costatintern).Escala:1mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12745855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12745855/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="164">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Female sex tract with spherical bursa, receptaculum could not be found.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="DF59FCDFE665FFE1FF76F9F6585DF9EC" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" startId="3.[130,183,1586,1601]" targetBox="[123,1168,751,1574]" targetPageId="3">
|
||||
<caption id="DF59FCDFE665FFE1FF76F9F6585DF9EC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12745855" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12745855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12745855/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" startId="3.[130,183,1586,1601]" targetBox="[123,1168,751,1574]" targetPageId="3">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B99AC57E665FFE1FF76F9F65802F9C5" blockId="3.[130,1120,1586,1602]" box="[130,1120,1586,1602]" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9527045E665FFE1FF76F9F65CAAF9C5" bold="true" box="[130,200,1586,1601]" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9527045E665FFE1FF3FF9F75D4DF9C6" box="[203,303,1587,1602]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">Vilertia galeata</emphasis>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
1199
data/27/5E/F7/275EF791528056AFA421167B3ABB7801.xml
Normal file
1199
data/27/5E/F7/275EF791528056AFA421167B3ABB7801.xml
Normal file
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<treatment id="E02F6429700E5C22AE5652DA28BDA656" ID-arpha="E02F6429-700E-5C22-AE56-52DA28BDA656" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E02F6429700E5C22AE5652DA28BDA656" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E02F6429700E5C22AE5652DA28BDA656">
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<taxonomicName id="D3FA5F2DD184272A86662E8EF7E150A3" ID-CoL="3F9Z4" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mangostana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="24BC54DA44C0DBFCF485E13493AC56A2" italics="true">Garcinia mangostana</emphasis>
|
||||
L.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Sp.
|
||||
<bibCitation id="BDEB22563CCF6B048D0EC068FB5F1B53" journal="Pl." page="443" score="0.2594558430405583" volume="1" year="1753">Pl. 1: 443. 1753</bibCitation>
|
||||
; Roxb. in Carey, Fl.
|
||||
<bibCitation id="E3A22023FB247F66DF75EE0ABD082141" journal="Ind." page="619" score="0.03378121803055019" volume="2" year="1832">Ind. 2: 619. 1832</bibCitation>
|
||||
; Miq. Fl. Ned.
|
||||
<bibCitation id="6C27B91C629B8EA5908FC2663CC97A23" issue="2" journal="Ind." page="506" score="0.03378121803055019" volume="1" year="1859">Ind. 1 (2): 506. 1859</bibCitation>
|
||||
; Planch. & Triana,
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="03D95582385D65E4B8BB464C60A73302" author="Planch. & Triana" journal="Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot." page="325" score="32.7652104432798" volume="14" year="1860">Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 4, 14: 325. 1860</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
;
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<bibCitation id="991219D8F4F2EDB1E2C8B192ABF2F34B" author="Laness." page="15" score="0.027392477028128318" volumeTitle="Mem. Gen. Garc." year="1872">
|
||||
Laness.,
|
||||
<bibCitation id="1D3E8167CDADFE99BA8BCDBF33670909" page="15" score="0.027392477028128318" volumeTitle="Mem. Gen. Garc." year="1872">Mém. Gen. Garc.: 15. 1872</bibCitation>
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||||
</bibCitation>
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; T. Anderson in Hook. f., Fl.
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<bibCitation id="C28985CB55C9F4AFC0060928A64321F5" issue="2" journal="Brit. India" page="260" score="13.226302584163616" volume="1" year="1874">
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||||
Brit.
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||||
<collectingCountry id="B2449CACDCB9043E1F01863D3A65A4BB" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
1 (2): 260. 1874
|
||||
</bibCitation>
|
||||
; Kurz, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2,
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||||
<treatmentCitation id="DC449E2D8EE94FE03C8C7E9DF3D8B33C" author="Slipinski" issue="2" journal="Nat. Hist." page="86" score="4.075586588997398" volume="43" year="1874">Nat. Hist. 43 (2): 86. 1874</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
et Forest Fl.
|
||||
<bibCitation id="CA6FD3A33AE7692381188AA42242B599" journal="Burma" page="87" score="0.046875" volume="1" year="1877">
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||||
<collectingCountry id="A062EDD24E2C9D2D7F772DD0EFC0F0A8" name="Myanmar">Burma</collectingCountry>
|
||||
1: 87. 1877
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||||
</bibCitation>
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||||
; Pierre, Fl. Forest. Cochinch. 1 (4): t. 54. 1882; Vesque, Epharmosis 2: 17. t. 160, 161. 1889; King, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2,
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<treatmentCitation id="8AC1C5F0FA439E3A8A9C01450FF4CD9A" author="Slipinski" issue="2" journal="Nat. Hist." page="156" score="4.075586588997398" volume="59" year="1890">Nat. Hist. 59 (2): 156. 1890</treatmentCitation>
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; Vesque in A. DC. & C. DC., Monogr. Phan. 8: 386. 1893; Engl. in Engl. & Prantl, Die Naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien 3 (6): 235. fig. 114 A, B. 1893;
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<bibCitation id="DA74003C7EA521E4D876624295D6921D" author="Brandis" page="49" score="1.4646185008155144" volumeTitle="Indian Trees" year="1906">
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Brandis,
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<bibCitation id="06DCE8AA359BA8BE58CE05FD1C209907" page="49" score="2.4323986844357166" volumeTitle="Indian Trees" year="1906">Indian Trees: 49. 1906</bibCitation>
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</bibCitation>
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;
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Merr.,
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<bibCitation id="6372B35D422E06D0C3EF8E5D48F5EC4B" journal="Philipp. J. Sci." page="364" score="26.107526310246357" volume="3" year="1908">Philipp. J. Sci. 3: 364. 1908</bibCitation>
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; Gamble, Fl.
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; Pit. in Lecomte et al., Fl. Indo-Chine 1 (4): 307. 1910; Ridl., Fl.
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<bibCitation id="DC1ED336CE04F275DD61865325FAB5E7" journal="Malay Penins." page="172" score="0.004206541313292987" volume="1" year="1922">Malay Penins. 1: 172. 1922</bibCitation>
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; Merr., Enum. Philipp. Fl.
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; C. E. Parkinson, Forest Fl.
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; Corner, Wayside Trees Mal. 1: 318. ed. 2. 1952; Pételot, Arch. Rech.
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Agron.
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1: 62. 1952
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; Backer & Bakh. f., Fl. Java (Spermatoph.) 1: 387. 1963; Maheshw., Bull. Bot. Surv.
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<collectingCountry id="CE85E6E3C0EF4C408BBE250E6B2E820F" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
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6: 120. t. 2. fig. 14. 1964; Corner & Watan., Ill. Guide Trop. Pl.: t. 191. fig. 8. 1969; Whitmore in Whitmore, Tree Fl.
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; D’Arcy, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 67: 998. fig. 4 B. 1980; S. W. Jones, Morphology and Major Taxonomy of Garcinia (Guttiferae), Ph. D. Thesis (unpublished): 288. 1980; Kosterm. in Dassan. & F. R. Forsberg, Revis. Handb. Fl.
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<bibCitation id="3B3055726B59557AFBA4965F5B3059FD" journal="Ceylon" page="88" score="0.48597343577494057" volume="1" year="1980">
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1: 88. 1980
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</bibCitation>
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; H. Keng, Concise Fl.
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: 49. 1990
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</bibCitation>
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; P. H. Hô, Câyco
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<collectingCountry id="07ECE983CEE26AA2BDC8705CBF3AFB60" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
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||||
1: 559. fig. 1544. 1991; E. W. M. Verheij & R. E. Coronel (eds), PROSEA 2: 177, t. 178. 1992; N. P. Singh in B. D. Sharma & Sanjappa, Fl.
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; X. W. Li, J. Li, N. Robson & P. F. Stevens in C. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven & D. Y. Hong, Fl.
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<bibCitation id="9D460E1E02BEFA3763007C9BA4053F4B" journal="China" page="43" score="0.7029547456196417" volume="13" year="2007">
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<collectingCountry id="89989F167045466FF00D88EB71CDDCF9" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
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13: 43. 2007
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</bibCitation>
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;
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<bibCitation id="3455C30FC5F9740E8E576685804BCF73" author="W. E. Cooper" issue="1" journal="Austrobaileya" page="17" score="9.729594737742866" volume="9" year="2013">
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||||
W. E. Cooper,
|
||||
<bibCitation id="025CA3C265E1FDBA91464F87FA0109A3" issue="1" journal="Austrobaileya" page="17" score="9.729594737742866" volume="9" year="2013">Austrobaileya 9 (1): 17. 2013</bibCitation>
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</bibCitation>
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||||
; S. Gardner, P. Sidisunthorn & Chayam., Forest Trees S.
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="B1EFE08EDC549A2633712F52C9601301" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
1: 355. fig. 546. 2015. var. amangostana, Nazre et al., Phytotaxa 373 (1): 31. fig. 12. 2018.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C8E990CF1D345D96FFBD1C831528FB16" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="87B4F600E8874B5466B468C4968CF2F5">
|
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<figureCitation id="547822B21FD6A8E3182B56711C94E210" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Garcinia mangostana A habit and habitat B stem, bark, and slashed bark with yellow latex C branchlets, young and mature leaves D branchlet and female flower E branchlet and female inflorescence with female flowers F ripe fruits G ripe fruits and seeds with a white fleshy pulp H seeds with a white fleshy pulp. Photos: Chatchai Ngernsaengsaruay." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.244.126207.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1092624">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="5471E8C8F18ABA5D812348A36691C1F6" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="5ED8B53BFE14F1678C61917EEA1AAFD7">
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<treatmentCitation id="BCDFDE58BBB7F74528FD126ED778D6E5">
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≡
|
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<taxonomicName id="60418885C5CF3AE8276EC693E78418A2" ID-CoL="3F9Z4" authority="Gaertn." authorityName="Gaertn." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Mangostana" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="garcinia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="15B11165A60BF5CC38B4999313328A95" italics="true">Mangostana garcinia</emphasis>
|
||||
Gaertn.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 105. t. 105 a – g. 1790.
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0E1OBI" type="material">
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<paragraph id="19E14B9EE4AC2F676FA57D7501FFD726">
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<heading id="402491DE812DF4180DFA210EA19F38B6" reason="title">
|
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<typeStatus id="6DF05670D656ABCD159D36DDF1ABD4C4">Type</typeStatus>
|
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.
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="CD6C2CE10C45B0466D32B8D728FA2F7A">
|
||||
illustration, “ Mangoustan ”,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="BEA60DBD08EFD533F987083B11A1317A" DOI="10.1098/rstl.1733.0038" author="Garcin" firstAuthor="Garcin" issue="431" journalOrPublisher="Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London" pagination="232-242" refId="B11" refString="Garcin L (1733) The settling of a new genus of plants, called after the Malayans, Mangostans; by Laurentius Garcin MD & FRS. Translated from the French by Mr Zollman FRS. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 38 (431): 232–242. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstl.1733.0038" title="The settling of a new genus of plants, called after the Malayans, Mangostans; by Laurentius Garcin MD & FRS. Translated from the French by Mr Zollman FRS." volume="38" year="1733">Garcin (1733</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: Philosop. Transact. 431. figs 1–9.) (
|
||||
<typeStatus id="3D6D32B3F5D0B1AACC88D7D00CCBCF4E" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
, designated by Hammel in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="FD260405C63746846147B32ED1573E7E" author="Jarvis CE & Barrie FR & Allan DM & Reveal JL" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Jarvis" journalOrPublisher="Koeltz Scientific Books for International Association for Plant Taxonomy, Koenigstein" page="28" refId="B19" refString="Jarvis CE, Barrie FR, Allan DM, Reveal JL (1993) A List of Linnaean Generic Names and Their Types. Regnum Vegetabile Vol 127. Koeltz Scientific Books for International Association for Plant Taxonomy, Koenigstein, 100 pp." title="A List of Linnaean Generic Names and Their Types. Regnum Vegetabile Vol 127." year="1993">Jarvis et al. 1993: 28</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EIPBI" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9DAE8C4CA39161EBB5681C22DAA9E1A4">
|
||||
<heading id="04072C98499E47BD0E7D6BCE6F561C81" reason="title">Description.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2C92D2B1D3DEDEE3E1A11E4D85DABE3E">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B47BBB6908339A0E805F25D90FFF1F87" bold="true" italics="true">Habit</emphasis>
|
||||
trees, 7–20 (– 25) m tall,
|
||||
<quantity id="16D5D538E2B67AE247CC93F807739041" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="4.0" unit="cm" value="95.0" valueMax="150.0" valueMin="40.0">40–150 cm</quantity>
|
||||
GBH; latex yellow, sticky; branchlets green, 4 - ridged, glabrous.
|
||||
<emphasis id="64831F22B1FA77DEAB25A2CBFD176CE0" bold="true" italics="true">Bark</emphasis>
|
||||
dark brown, scaly; inner bark brownish orange.
|
||||
<emphasis id="3C55331B6A89C4441BF753A160567957" bold="true" italics="true">Leaves</emphasis>
|
||||
: lamina elliptic, oblong-elliptic, oblong or ovate, 15.5–36 ×
|
||||
<quantity id="917D3D0AEB382B1A3F775B1B53E44A64" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.75" metricValueMax="13.0" metricValueMin="6.5" unit="cm" value="9.75" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="6.5">6.5–13 cm</quantity>
|
||||
, apex acute or acuminate, base obtuse or oblique, sometimes cuneate, margin entire or repand, thickly coriaceous, smooth or slightly bullate, shiny dark green above, paler below, glabrous on both surfaces, midrib slightly raised above, raised as a prominent ridge below, secondary veins 10–18 each side, curving towards the margin and connected in distinct loops and united into 2 intramarginal veins, flattened above, raised and conspicuous below, intramarginal veins shallowly grooved above, with intersecondary veins, veinlets reticulate, visible below, interrupted long wavy lines of differing lengths, running across the secondary veins to the apex or the margin, conspicuous below; petiole green, stout,
|
||||
<quantity id="E611690782883AAE1008C06170CF480A" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="cm" value="2.1" valueMax="2.7" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.7 cm</quantity>
|
||||
long,
|
||||
<quantity id="9345DED614FCE035C58943E228AE5136" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.0" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="4.0">4–7 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in diam., not grooved, distinctly transversely rugose, glabrous, with a basal appendage clasping the branchlets; young leaves brownish red or reddish brown, turning pale green, glossy; fresh leaves tough when crushed; mature leaves turning greenish yellow to pale yellow before falling off; dry leaves pale brown or reddish brown.
|
||||
<emphasis id="8C0E4830DCF07DE3D625170E00FAFDD3" bold="true" italics="true">Inflorescences</emphasis>
|
||||
terminal.
|
||||
<emphasis id="1652FF5C9870B3741DE42DBED9D31D74" bold="true" italics="true">Flowers</emphasis>
|
||||
: sepals and petals glabrous.
|
||||
<emphasis id="6A87E80FADA7720A603677D23C2D1D0C" bold="true" italics="true">Male flowers</emphasis>
|
||||
not seen.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B20B08F5E9BA776746DA64232B9DE6D4" bold="true" italics="true">Female flower buds</emphasis>
|
||||
subglobose to globose,
|
||||
<quantity id="C456B474E7FA45EC94A804C570ACDB54" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="cm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 cm</quantity>
|
||||
in diam.
|
||||
<emphasis id="F88DDE5A5C2CBEFC29ABA079F2E477FE" bold="true" italics="true">Female flowers</emphasis>
|
||||
solitary or in a cluster of 2–5 (– 7) flowers,
|
||||
<quantity id="25960DDB015AE72A645DD96F7E01A555" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.2" unit="cm" value="4.1" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.2">3.2–5 cm</quantity>
|
||||
in diam.; bracteoles caducous; pedicel (of a flower in an inflorescence) or peduncle (of a solitary flower) green, stout, terete or slightly 4 - angled,
|
||||
<quantity id="408A972DC43C888508200246390C4417" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="cm" value="1.7" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="1.0">1–2.4 cm</quantity>
|
||||
long,
|
||||
<quantity id="5370B248EB7F4B8845C6C6AFAAD25EC4" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.5" unit="mm" value="6.75" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.5">5.5–8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in diam., glabrous; sepals 4, pale green outside, bright red or yellowish red inside, concave, thickly coriaceous, suborbicular, orbicular or broadly elliptic, 1–2 ×
|
||||
<quantity id="EFD548520AAED571370CD4394DE79214" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="cm" value="1.6" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="1.0">1–2.2 cm</quantity>
|
||||
, the outer pair slightly smaller than the inner pair, apex rounded; petals 4, yellowish red or yellowish pink, somewhat thick and fleshy, suborbicular, broadly elliptic, broadly obovate or broadly ovate, 1.1–2.1 ×
|
||||
<quantity id="53930EA0F1598E8E83EFA228B28C117A" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="1.4" unit="cm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="1.4">1.4–2.6 cm</quantity>
|
||||
, unequal, apex rounded, margin entire or irregularly lobed and undulated; staminodes 10–18, free, surrounding the ovary; filaments filiform, 2–5 ×
|
||||
<quantity id="CD98949D16D659095DFBCA289D413680" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="mm" value="0.85" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, unequal; anthers pale yellow or brownish yellow, 1.2–1.7 ×
|
||||
<quantity id="731E7120DBC8DA6FF4F9386D64CBD37E" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.2" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="1.0">1–1.4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
; pistil fungiform,
|
||||
<quantity id="293BADE2946CDD460BE37200694A2A68" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="6.0" unit="cm" value="0.8999999999999999" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="0.6">0.6–1.2 cm</quantity>
|
||||
long; ovary pale green, depressed globose or subglobose, 0.4–0.7 ×
|
||||
<quantity id="F5A3BEF7264AEA23CDE1A7FB5A8C49CC" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="13.0" metricValueMin="6.0" unit="cm" value="0.95" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="0.6">0.6–1.3 cm</quantity>
|
||||
, glabrous, 4–8 - locular; stigma pale yellow, convex, radiate, deeply 4–8 - lobed,
|
||||
<quantity id="01DA45987736BFA0DBD53954B10A2992" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long,
|
||||
<quantity id="485E3E10DFDFD5A00BBD9EB644CC81A8" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="7.0" unit="cm" value="0.95" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="0.7">0.7–1.2 cm</quantity>
|
||||
in diam., smooth.
|
||||
<emphasis id="6E829CA7B72DB77162AE9D29B069CAA4" bold="true" italics="true">Fruits</emphasis>
|
||||
pale green or greenish pale yellow, turning pinkish pale yellow, pink, reddish purple to blackish purple when ripe, smooth, glabrous, with a sticky yellow latex, subglobose or globose, 3.4–6.2 ×
|
||||
<quantity id="A639C0AD166D1351A5390B01A1E12E39" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="3.8" unit="cm" value="5.4" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="3.8">3.8–7 cm</quantity>
|
||||
, pericarp
|
||||
<quantity id="43AF4FC4F66EAE2AA589415BD56DBE5E" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="4.0" unit="cm" value="0.8" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="0.4">0.4–1.2 cm</quantity>
|
||||
thick, reddish purple, fleshy, becoming woody when dry; persistent stigma dark brown or blackish brown, flattened, radiate, deeply 4–8 - lobed,
|
||||
<quantity id="281B9CC081ACBEE4B3F75EC0A468DD89" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.4" unit="cm" value="1.95" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.4">1.4–2.5 cm</quantity>
|
||||
in diam., lobes wedge-shaped; persistent sepals green or green tinged with reddish purple, thickly coriaceous, 1.2–2.5 ×
|
||||
<quantity id="D366FA9A9A433EA496781119E55BE608" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="1.2" unit="cm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="1.2">1.2–2.8 cm</quantity>
|
||||
, usually larger than in flowering materials; fruiting stalk green, strong and thick,
|
||||
<quantity id="2504F80FCDAF83D65CA14598578E28C9" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="1.2" unit="cm" value="1.9" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="1.2">1.2–2.6 cm</quantity>
|
||||
long,
|
||||
<quantity id="D87CDF6859958B8FE164A509956844D6" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="6.0" unit="cm" value="0.8999999999999999" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="0.6">0.6–1.2 cm</quantity>
|
||||
in diam., glabrous.
|
||||
<emphasis id="FC8C1FCA5A8072DCB6EE14192C1A6324" bold="true" italics="true">Seeds</emphasis>
|
||||
4–8, sometimes aborted, brown mottled with irregular lines, broadly ellipsoid, ellipsoid or semi-ellipsoid, 1.5–2.5 ×
|
||||
<quantity id="2805817C859D8EFEF657CC65A3FD3541" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.8" unit="cm" value="1.4" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.8">0.8–2 cm</quantity>
|
||||
, compressed, rounded at both ends, with a white fleshy pulp.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="AE925E39157A56FE92F232F3B7D0DC6A" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.244.126207.figure5" ID-arpha="651BCB69-31FC-51B4-AB88-6DF92441A782" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1092624" startId="F5">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C7B36782185E81E796181F3C85419D27">
|
||||
<label id="6A235FA24A7E1E4E2BE5B5549D5E5E25">Figure 5.</label>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="98C2F5BF2A9C2B73320F2D83B9320EA9">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1476F305D0444AE726BBE71C34D2ACA0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mangostana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4950617F7A44B724B69A63CB9BFD2C2B" italics="true">Garcinia mangostana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="5E6B7E6FBFA75FD78DB0CBD0D11F6148" bold="true">A</emphasis>
|
||||
habit and habitat
|
||||
<emphasis id="6CD0C305690D60BB57FB17A714D7F87A" bold="true">B</emphasis>
|
||||
stem, bark, and slashed bark with yellow latex
|
||||
<emphasis id="BF1ECE5675AD3CB8324E06BCD365A15E" bold="true">C</emphasis>
|
||||
branchlets, young and mature leaves
|
||||
<emphasis id="811347716995D484ED5DA100F726307D" bold="true">D</emphasis>
|
||||
branchlet and female flower
|
||||
<emphasis id="5BA6491AB7117A5344CBBD4F1A2DF841" bold="true">E</emphasis>
|
||||
branchlet and female inflorescence with female flowers
|
||||
<emphasis id="AB4903B25ADC3A0AB19ED532126DD274" bold="true">F</emphasis>
|
||||
ripe fruits
|
||||
<emphasis id="02DC8559084D850D9E333A942D90009B" bold="true">G</emphasis>
|
||||
ripe fruits and seeds with a white fleshy pulp
|
||||
<emphasis id="E19AD95882AFFA7F0E886994F95DEB9B" bold="true">H</emphasis>
|
||||
seeds with a white fleshy pulp. Photos: Chatchai Ngernsaengsaruay.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EWRBI" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="28263D64A2EF34CF5687DC433E80D1C5">
|
||||
<heading id="99332C2F8E68F0792AA85874D1415F11" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="52AB592358F511BEC3F5BBE31D959006">
|
||||
The native range of this variety is Peninsular
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="7323A6BEC29F94BD282D3CDA49E682EF" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. Cultivated throughout the tropics, mainly in Southeast Asia.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2RBI" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9BB5A4AD9A7FA7616CC4E6769B5BA7E2">
|
||||
<heading id="F0B7978AC2DE08C113424E587EBADDCC" reason="title">
|
||||
Distribution in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="C244374705D5A7F01896170AE7960B13" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="37F29BE57C4A0664DD0E611A5E98FB53">It is cultivated throughout the country, especially in the peninsular and the south-eastern regions.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EASBI" type="habitat">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9408860B4A0BCFA1DF6474427D910F6F">
|
||||
<heading id="6370760B77E8D7C721FEDD7987EBDCE2" reason="title">Habitat and ecology.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="96D79BB856DC29B95E5B4052AFF0E792">It is known only in cultivation. This species prefers humid climate.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFSBI" type="phenology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6D468A50C9BB6E1376DB8F336636B280">
|
||||
<heading id="FB35C7929529C424B9D873728F48F88B" reason="title">Phenology.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="77AA0763B74E3CA821986F9EED431A0C">In the south-eastern region: flowering December to February (March); fruiting February to June; harvesting April to May (June). In the peninsular region: flowering February to April; fruiting April to August; harvesting July to August [out-of-season: flowering August to October; fruiting October to February; harvesting December to February].</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EKSBI" type="conservation status">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B6CD781E0B744B33AF22AE74A81F5467">
|
||||
<heading id="8C53B0EF94B43C4DE8BA1C7A4AD73C32" reason="title">Conservation status.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A687225CB46897C5040805379F428C8C">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9235FD0305289DB0BA3EDFA3925FC565" authority="var. mangostana" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="mangostana" variety="mangostana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7ED8465586A888D86446820697386D36" italics="true">Garcinia mangostana var. mangostana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is widely cultivated throughout the tropics, especially in Southeast Asia. Because of its wide distribution, the number of localities, and because it is not facing any threat of extinction, we consider the conservation assessment as
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBTBI" xlink_title="Least Concern">LC</abbrev>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFTBI" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="90F301ED5000B015519DC25856E8C26F">
|
||||
<heading id="BFAD7C0F8F7443F04774E794BFC39D9B" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3F39F9599AA24080333DB0E22A91FBA0">
|
||||
The specific epithet of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8398DA9AD02214EFFFEA06526824AF01" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mangostana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="371EFC739ACF111E359C036417842E6C" italics="true">Garcinia mangostana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a Latin word, and is derived from the French “ Mangoustan ”, which translated to the English “ Mangostan ”, refers to mangosteen.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EWTBI" type="Vernacular names">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9BE2413CB50E59FA68351D704AF143D2">
|
||||
<heading id="DB071D1F0D6048CF27F9B5103704C572" reason="title">Vernacular names.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="CE3397248831F9030200F2E3032564DB">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F598C52A4F4378699F4E5B2AB6D322B4" bold="true">Mangkhut</emphasis>
|
||||
(ม ั งค ุ ด) (General); Măng c ụt (
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="58D42EAA93B94C50532B5951FB61C45E" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||||
); Manggis (
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="D207B88E4A71C290AE70C8CC5BC7A7D3" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="7802452CAEA51618D3E116DECF38B92C" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="004D9D7A59A4EEE18EDBC2B5A9C2FE09" name="Philippines">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||||
); Manggustan (
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="08838F931902CF05D1CCCAA09F241D68" name="Philippines">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||||
); Mangoustan, Mangoustanier (
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="4D50375D67A73125828F55BA79201E22" name="France">France</collectingCountry>
|
||||
); Mingut (
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="0BCE679EF265E5B1A8AAC9BADDCFFAC2" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
|
||||
); Mongkhut (
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="178720EDDC8F9A8B924406252FADA068" name="Cambodia">Cambodia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
); Mangosteen, Purple mangosteen (English).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0E5TBI" type="Uses">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A2EB29EB7FAD197F6239CEEBDA03659F">
|
||||
<heading id="DE6A18DC4FB1504A8BA3364C63EE0CF6" reason="title">Uses.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F0133A9162659379CFD2C4C2366532B4">
|
||||
Mangosteen is widely cultivated as a fruit tree, especially in Southeast Asia. The juicy fleshy pulp surrounding the seeds is edible and has a sweet and sour taste. It is commonly known as the “ queen of tropical fruits ”. The juicy fleshy seed pulp can be used for making jams, beverages, ice creams, preserves (“ Mang khut kuan ” in Thai), and used fresh in syrup. In
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="68E30E4B7B06172041C6A5E144162688" country="Thailand" name="Nakhon Si Thammarat">Nakhon Si Thammarat Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, the seeds with white fleshy pulp can be eaten raw (“ Mang khut khat ”) (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="6A2E4E19FE2CC8BA224FA97F73FFDCD6" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Garcinia mangostana A habit and habitat B stem, bark, and slashed bark with yellow latex C branchlets, young and mature leaves D branchlet and female flower E branchlet and female inflorescence with female flowers F ripe fruits G ripe fruits and seeds with a white fleshy pulp H seeds with a white fleshy pulp. Photos: Chatchai Ngernsaengsaruay." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.244.126207.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1092624">5 H</figureCitation>
|
||||
) or cooked, e. g., used for consumption in the southern Thai spicy sour yellow curries with fish or shrimp: “ Kaeng Som ” (sour curry) or “ Kaeng Lueang ” (yellow sour curry).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="59C00712DBD08A685C5B8A0FAAF0D281">
|
||||
The fruit rind (pericarp) is used to tan leather and to produce black dye (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="CCE101B20BBA667C483114C821C7AB90" DOI="10.20324/nelumbo/v6/1964/76375" author="Maheshwari" firstAuthor="Maheshwari" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India" pagination="107-135" refId="B27" refString="Maheshwari JK (1964) Taxonomic studies on Indian Guttiferae III. the genus Garcinia L. s. l. Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India 6: 107–135. https://doi.org/10.20324/nelumbo/v6/1964/76375" title="Taxonomic studies on Indian Guttiferae III. the genus Garcinia L. s. l." volume="6" year="1964">Maheshwari 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B4C889D2AD891A79F30DF29F6B648881" author="Verheij and Coronel" firstAuthor="Verheij" refId="B58" refString="Verheij EWM, Coronel RE [Eds] (1992) Plant Resources of South-East Asia [PROSEA] Vol 2 Edible Fruits and Nuts. 2 nd edn. Prosea Foundation, Bogor, 175–181." year="1992">Verheij and Coronel 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The wood is used for cabinetry, building purposes, rice pounders, and spear handles (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3C8C6BE64F6CF56E63BDD5C63C0557E8" DOI="10.20324/nelumbo/v6/1964/76375" author="Maheshwari" firstAuthor="Maheshwari" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India" pagination="107-135" refId="B27" refString="Maheshwari JK (1964) Taxonomic studies on Indian Guttiferae III. the genus Garcinia L. s. l. Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India 6: 107–135. https://doi.org/10.20324/nelumbo/v6/1964/76375" title="Taxonomic studies on Indian Guttiferae III. the genus Garcinia L. s. l." volume="6" year="1964">Maheshwari 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It has been used in Thai traditional medicine for treatment of diarrhea and skin infections (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3D99F663E96043543D8A1F25AA8992A5" author="Gritsanapan" firstAuthor="Gritsanapan" refId="B15" refString="Gritsanapan W (1994) Samoonprai Naroo. Chulalongkorn University Press, Bangkok, 173–175." year="1994">Gritsanapan 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It contains tannins and xanthones, i. e., alpha-, beta- and gamma-mangostins (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="86B4CF3336396EEA8313169B0F107648" DOI="10.1016/S0040-4020(01)98253-5" author="Govindachari" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Govindachari" issue="16" journalOrPublisher="Tetrahedron" pagination="3919-3926" refId="B14" refString="Govindachari TR, Kalyanaraman PS, Muthukumaraswamy N, Pai BR (1971) Xanthones of Garcinia mangostana L. Tetrahedron 27 (16): 3919–3926. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020 (01) 98253-5" title="Xanthones of Garcinia mangostana L." volume="27" year="1971">Govindachari et al. 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="37E668618E4420B9668416605228DD34" DOI="10.1016/S0031-9422(00)97514-9" author="Jinsart" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Jinsart" issue="11" journalOrPublisher="Phytochemistry" pagination="3711-3713" refId="B20" refString="Jinsart W, Ternai B, Buddhasukh D, Polya GM (1992) Inhibition of wheat embryo calcium- dependent protein kinase and other kinases by mangostin and α-mangostin. Phytochemistry 31 (11): 3711–3713. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422 (00) 97514-9" title="Inhibition of wheat embryo calcium- dependent protein kinase and other kinases by mangostin and α-mangostin." volume="31" year="1992">Jinsart et al. 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8BAF92185169503207CBF089070AD792" DOI="10.1016/S0006-2952(01)00810-3" author="Nakatani" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Nakatani" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Biochemical Pharmacology" pagination="73-79" refId="B29" refString="Nakatani K, Nakahata N, Arakawa T, Yasuda H, Ohizumi Y (2002) Inhibition of cyclooxygenase and prostaglandin E 2 synthesis by γ-mangostin, a xanthone derivative in mangosteen, in C 6 rat glioma cells. Biochemical Pharmacology 63 (1): 73–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-2952 (01) 00810-3" title="Inhibition of cyclooxygenase and prostaglandin E 2 synthesis by γ-mangostin, a xanthone derivative in mangosteen, in C 6 rat glioma cells." volume="63" year="2002">Nakatani et al. 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Alpha-mangostin is a major component which possesses anti-inflammatory (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="74B34BC052C78E4EC1213346C9E4E2B6" DOI="10.1016/j.fct.2007.09.096" author="Chen" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chen" refId="B5" refString="Chen LG, Yang LL, Wang CC (2008) Antiinflammatory activity of mangostins from Garcinia mangostana. Food and Chemical Toxicology 46 (2): 688–693. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2007.09.096" year="2008">Chen et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and antibacterial activities against methicillin-resistant
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="16A4B7B91A04FE77ACE6F4DFB94D94A8" authorityName="Rosenbach" authorityYear="1884" class="Bacilli" family="Staphylococcaceae" genus="Staphylococcus" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Bacillales" phylum="Firmicutes" rank="species" species="aureus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="07984177E4F2C46EA51788FF3C1ED2C2" italics="true">Staphylococcus aureus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="13BBCC8BF9108AFA737B7D3972D6C40D" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1916" baseAuthorityName="Winslow & Winslow" baseAuthorityYear="1908" class="Bacilli" family="Staphylococcaceae" genus="Staphylococcus" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Bacillales" phylum="Firmicutes" rank="species" species="epidermidis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8062CFB2A20805ADA4ADC28906A60510" italics="true">S. epidermidis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="24F8D8971C2A4063703BE73C6388FAEE" authorityName="Douglas & Gunter" authorityYear="1946" baseAuthorityName="Gilchrist" baseAuthorityYear="1900" class="Actinobacteridae" family="Propionibacteriaceae" genus="Propionibacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Actinomycetales" phylum="Actinobacteria" rank="species" species="acnes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B60CF331F38D10762CC7A2F95F0F5302" italics="true">Propionibacterium acnes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F6F20B82E33259302983D73E6F53A1FB" DOI="10.1111/j.2042-7158.1996.tb03988.x" author="Iinuma" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Iinuma" issue="8" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology" pagination="861-865" refId="B16" refString="Iinuma M, Tosa H, Tanaka T, Asai F, Kobayashi Y, Shimano R, Miyauchi KI (1996) Antibacterial activity of xanthones from guttiferaeous plants against methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus. The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 48 (8): 861–865. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1996.tb03988.x" title="Antibacterial activity of xanthones from guttiferaeous plants against methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus." volume="48" year="1996">Iinuma et al. 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="FCBD6D78E87B596610B8FC387F417719" DOI="10.1016/j.jep.2005.04.038" author="Chomnawang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chomnawang" issue="1-3" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Ethnopharmacology" pagination="330-333" refId="B6" refString="Chomnawang MT, Surassmo S, Nukoolkarn VS, Gritsanapan W (2005) Antimicrobial effects of Thai medicinal plants against acne-inducing bacteria. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 101 (1–3): 330–333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2005.04.038" title="Antimicrobial effects of Thai medicinal plants against acne-inducing bacteria." volume="101" year="2005">Chomnawang et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The fruit rind extract and mangostin have been known to possess antibacterial activity against bacteria causing acne. In
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="7523725AAB4467ED7D002E2D41777AA3" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, mangosteen fruit extract is popularly used as a food supplement while the fruit rind extract has been used in herbal cosmetics and pharmaceutical products. (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="BDF8885EB651D329F581978B18A52D8E" author="Pothitirat and Gritsanapan" firstAuthor="Pothitirat" issue="4" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Health Research" pagination="161-166" refId="B44" refString="Pothitirat W, Gritsanapan W (2008) Quantitative analysis of total mangostins in Garcinia mangostana fruit rind. Journal of Health Research 22 (4): 161–166." title="Quantitative analysis of total mangostins in Garcinia mangostana fruit rind." volume="22" year="2008">Pothitirat and Gritsanapan 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The bark, young leaves, and fruit rind are used as a gargle for a sore mouth (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4C7AC35CFE1017EC15257FC7D5609759" DOI="10.20324/nelumbo/v6/1964/76375" author="Maheshwari" firstAuthor="Maheshwari" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India" pagination="107-135" refId="B27" refString="Maheshwari JK (1964) Taxonomic studies on Indian Guttiferae III. the genus Garcinia L. s. l. Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India 6: 107–135. https://doi.org/10.20324/nelumbo/v6/1964/76375" title="Taxonomic studies on Indian Guttiferae III. the genus Garcinia L. s. l." volume="6" year="1964">Maheshwari 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). In
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="7831C04834ED8F8C1D841A5444E72B42" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, the extract is popularly used in herbal cosmetics for anti-acne effect (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="41CF93EA939BFFFC84EF514E8A3A447B" author="Pothitirat and Gritsanapan" firstAuthor="Pothitirat" issue="4" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Health Research" pagination="161-166" refId="B44" refString="Pothitirat W, Gritsanapan W (2008) Quantitative analysis of total mangostins in Garcinia mangostana fruit rind. Journal of Health Research 22 (4): 161–166." title="Quantitative analysis of total mangostins in Garcinia mangostana fruit rind." volume="22" year="2008">Pothitirat and Gritsanapan 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0E6WBI" type="notes">
|
||||
<paragraph id="99E050215F1D9306C00EB9AF4DDA7599">
|
||||
<heading id="33121089910B475EFDF31C35038BAD20" reason="title">Notes.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7FA863597D1454FC5170ED518C5783B9">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0B8829ACD9337301FE14A6661D35B4D9" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mangostana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A56EFDA0325141B2BC5EF253CD8CC47D" italics="true">Garcinia mangostana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was named by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="641185DA03112FA2FE259B9F620EBC16" author="Linnaeus C" firstAuthor="Linnaeus" journalOrPublisher="Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae" page="443" refId="B26" refString="Linnaeus C (1753) Species Plantarum Vol 1. Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 560 pp." title="Species Plantarum Vol 1." year="1753">Linnaeus 1753: 443</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. It is the most important cultivated species in the genus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="349865574CF2DED2E009A4EFA33DD440" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="69B66837D7A4D6AA951FC6774057FAE7" italics="true">Garcinia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. However, the latest taxonomic revision by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1701D5DFDCDA0CDE153DDB327BD132EF" DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.373.1.1" author="Nazre M & Newman MF & Pennington RT & Middleton DJ" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Nazre" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pagination="1-52" refId="B31" refString="Nazre M, Newman MF, Pennington RT, Middleton DJ (2018) Taxonomic revision of Garcinia section Garcinia (Clusiaceae). Phytotaxa 373 (1): 1–52. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.1.1" title="Taxonomic revision of Garcinia section Garcinia (Clusiaceae)." volume="373" year="2018">Nazre et al. (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
revealed that the species can be classified into three varieties: the cultivated variety
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="81665508E404E1AFDA11DC00B4AA9BC2" authority="var. mangostana" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="mangostana" variety="mangostana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="976092E20372F1BA7A2837CA92D25E89" italics="true">G. mangostana var. mangostana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and two wild varieties
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="54E2C4BDB414496469D3E704006EEA3F" authority="(Hook. f.) Nazre" authorityName="Nazre" baseAuthorityName="Hook. f." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="mangostana" variety="malaccensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CE82374506036031406D60CDD46295A4" italics="true">G. mangostana var. malaccensis</emphasis>
|
||||
(Hook. f.) Nazre
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="553875CE719A8B8755527ED6A06F5D20" authority="Nazre." authorityName="Nazre." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="mangostana" variety="borneensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EBEE54BBA80031167864E1AC8E0DC5D4" italics="true">G. mangostana var. borneensis</emphasis>
|
||||
Nazre.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
The varieties can only be distinguished with fertile and mature materials although male trees are rarely found.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="AA05B03616CEACA035CDF4C757874385">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A312F108740B86C6640DAAF2D4744B" authority="var. mangostana" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="mangostana" variety="mangostana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="941269453BD55E6A074A6377D3925EB1" italics="true">Garcinia mangostana var. mangostana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is very similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="435931B16F5D5F1F023EF04BB5F13753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="mangostana" variety="malaccensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D250F889116756927D5D214C8036D77D" italics="true">G. mangostana var. malaccensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4B685A51AB3FC8D6561F675E8EC00A8F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="mangostana" variety="borneensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E3C71823671D48A730129FF3D3745337" italics="true">G. mangostana var. borneensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and is distinguished by its male flowers with dwarf-fungiform (broadly fungiform) pistillodes, c.
|
||||
<quantity id="F57A4DD8FC296CA881F47EB6AD7662D3" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long; fruits ovoid or globose; smooth stigma surface; and it is found only in cultivation. In contrast, the other two varieties have male flowers with small pistillodes c.
|
||||
<quantity id="E4FA6184465A1EE8E94136534888F6F9" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long or without pistillodes; globose, ellipsoid or ovoid fruits; rugose stigma surfaces; and they are found in the wild or in cultivation.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4BF435F1959E86B76B829E1EB28E1F2C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="mangostana" variety="malaccensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CD99EA3625143309C89821CD1203F83A" italics="true">G. mangostana var. malaccensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8EE8AA4CE24371301736039541D0F3E0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="mangostana" variety="borneensis">
|
||||
G.
|
||||
<emphasis id="40CD0D7A8581FE88D77F6F2A84154DB1" italics="true">mangostana var. borneensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in its stamens in a conical mass or slightly 4 - angled, up to
|
||||
<quantity id="0FCDD9BC82060784E486F549857E1952" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
|
||||
long (vs in 4 - angled, square-shaped, up to
|
||||
<quantity id="C66DE0C6C00C8565AA250021BEBE8ACB" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long); fruits globose, ellipsoid or ovoid (vs globose); and stigma weakly to strongly raised (vs sessile).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E2A9DCAB2FD585AFD5C5EEC92F4A5B0A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="mangostana" variety="malaccensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E902DD68217CCADEE50D69C87753FCFE" italics="true">G. mangostana var. malaccensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is found in lowland forests in Peninsular
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="D290DEC9E8B1088B26BF07993DB7E9AD" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="9F279DB166E7FE7A94A95DCCA49C21EC" name="Singapore">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, Sumatra, and Borneo (
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="5181C1A7420218E28401B6071FA7D9A9" name="Brunei">Brunei</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="D56D6A2642006CADC0821FD959415449" name="Malaysia">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
|
||||
), while
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="280F5EDA3CCFEE73C029797B9FC7926F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="mangostana" variety="borneensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C0D43A082B856DA122B2DFBCE584539C" italics="true">G. mangostana var. borneensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is found only in lowland forest of Borneo (East Coast of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="DFC6B2057A7CE8B85AD1EF9D7BE4DB53" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah">Sabah</collectingRegion>
|
||||
and Kalimantan) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="DA4530F6D81AF0F87AEBD513DD77E7BF" DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.373.1.1" author="Nazre" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Nazre" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pagination="1-52" refId="B31" refString="Nazre M, Newman MF, Pennington RT, Middleton DJ (2018) Taxonomic revision of Garcinia section Garcinia (Clusiaceae). Phytotaxa 373 (1): 1–52. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.1.1" title="Taxonomic revision of Garcinia section Garcinia (Clusiaceae)." volume="373" year="2018">Nazre et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="17AA51C3C138747356210D35460D5B80">
|
||||
As mentioned by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="772E036E4E69B8E35C9D456AC5D0B3AC" DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.373.1.1" author="Nazre M & Newman MF & Pennington RT & Middleton DJ" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Nazre" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pagination="1-52" refId="B31" refString="Nazre M, Newman MF, Pennington RT, Middleton DJ (2018) Taxonomic revision of Garcinia section Garcinia (Clusiaceae). Phytotaxa 373 (1): 1–52. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.1.1" title="Taxonomic revision of Garcinia section Garcinia (Clusiaceae)." volume="373" year="2018">Nazre et al. (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, the shape and size of leaves of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6D6EF350EB72D1EE490B30ABB71ECACB" authority="var. mangostana" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="mangostana" variety="mangostana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="841B603850DFC839F9B80885720C1B7A" italics="true">Garcinia mangostana var. mangostana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are elliptic to broadly elliptic, ovate or oblanceolate and 9.2–25.5 ×
|
||||
<quantity id="BD802C47A534733209A8A2C23DD6D0A4" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" unit="cm" value="8.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="7.0">7–9 cm</quantity>
|
||||
; base of petiole without ligule-like appendage; however, from our observations, we found the leaves can be elliptic, oblong-elliptic, oblong or ovate, and sometimes larger, 15.5–36 ×
|
||||
<quantity id="E1E61FCFC84447B5653710B2BA151B39" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.75" metricValueMax="13.0" metricValueMin="6.5" unit="cm" value="9.75" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="6.5">6.5–13 cm</quantity>
|
||||
; petiole with a basal appendage clasping the branchlets.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="07A0633A3C6F7367F09EF69FD714F07C">
|
||||
According to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="88AC8A272FA4C8A2B0BAAAF4F0B3A08A" DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.373.1.1" author="Nazre M & Newman MF & Pennington RT & Middleton DJ" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Nazre" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pagination="1-52" refId="B31" refString="Nazre M, Newman MF, Pennington RT, Middleton DJ (2018) Taxonomic revision of Garcinia section Garcinia (Clusiaceae). Phytotaxa 373 (1): 1–52. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.1.1" title="Taxonomic revision of Garcinia section Garcinia (Clusiaceae)." volume="373" year="2018">Nazre et al. (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, the male flowers of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="035CB53FA32531CCABA13320EF570B2C" authority="var. mangostana" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="mangostana" variety="mangostana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0C2D45C2DE2124C6A833E01C5A36D32A" italics="true">Garcinia mangostana var. mangostana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have a single square (4 - angled) mass of stamens surrounding the base of the pistillode and up to
|
||||
<quantity id="7D497BEAA7A0B29FCC6D7030368DFE84" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long. Based on our observations, the male plants have never been found in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="3CBC7B16829ADD38C6557AA46519AC53" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. Therefore, in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="65C3CD928319B569DD70EB34EBFFC4DA" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
mangosteen appear to be an obligately agamospermous species (apomictic species) with the production of seeds without fertilization.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="DBDA7C676EFB15421178A6C5399FFA5D">
|
||||
As stated in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="367BFC4744BC8B3DFACBF71D6ECB3B98" DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.373.1.1" author="Nazre M & Newman MF & Pennington RT & Middleton DJ" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Nazre" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pagination="1-52" refId="B31" refString="Nazre M, Newman MF, Pennington RT, Middleton DJ (2018) Taxonomic revision of Garcinia section Garcinia (Clusiaceae). Phytotaxa 373 (1): 1–52. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.1.1" title="Taxonomic revision of Garcinia section Garcinia (Clusiaceae)." volume="373" year="2018">Nazre et al. (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, the shape and size of fruits of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="684868835B924B436A8696A5417D9857" authority="var. mangostana" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="mangostana" variety="mangostana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3E6CCF873156824A189D67AFE0D8C411" italics="true">Garcinia mangostana var. mangostana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are ovoid or globose and up to
|
||||
<quantity id="568152201B92CF3D5FA783F70358E2B7" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="cm" value="6.0">6 cm</quantity>
|
||||
across; however, from our examination of specimens, we found the fruits can be subglobose or globose, and sometimes larger, 3.4–6.2 ×
|
||||
<quantity id="841FE4A54463C69130A68F6B4AE5AE67" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="3.8" unit="cm" value="5.4" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="3.8">3.8–7 cm</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0ET6BI" type="material">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A406055FDDEF1069AE3BC3648BF283E6">
|
||||
<heading id="69049FAA998BE5304B143C9E2AC76D40" reason="title">Additional specimens examined.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="62610E227F91EF4C40B6A24784785CD1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80E25A151399FDED956C7D6DB8D51C71" bold="true">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="35F008A6502A04E414265E6722371B5E" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="1A035C8C6F3CBC6139FA5BEEAEEE6E46">Northern</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="20A4AD93BCCF267AFE5C4A9F5D970502" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai">Chiang Mai</collectingRegion>
|
||||
[Doi Chiang Dao, fl.,
|
||||
<date id="435A054F21FB9E67EA18F94EA2526B2A" value="1979-10-28">28 Oct 1979</date>
|
||||
[as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32FC1C411322C08E550EFD269D40D026" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6BA6F188D00D2691CB2DB0A4E0359F68" italics="true">Garcinia</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
], cultivated,
|
||||
<emphasis id="84C00872DE3FDC4C2ED33BA6DC3F36EA" italics="true">T. Shimizu</emphasis>
|
||||
et al.
|
||||
<emphasis id="52754FE69BCE0633F428EA6C77186C6F" italics="true">T- 20980</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="5F3C183AE4EEB530E3DB57A6060ECA5B" country="Ethiopia" name="Addis Ababa University, Department of Biology">AAU</collectionCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="6A48BD542F4404B61DCC69E0C9458D1C" country="Thailand" name="National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department" type="Herbarium">BKF</collectionCode>
|
||||
)];
|
||||
<emphasis id="C714170C261D185DED2590EA0CF522B7" bold="true">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="E417F5F34DCED70CD6F174EE1EB51F26">Central</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="81EBD64D442125670E302EC9FED97BEC" country="Thailand" name="Suphan Buri">Suphan Buri</collectingRegion>
|
||||
[Si Samran Subdistrict, Song Phi Nong District, sterile,
|
||||
<date id="39E1FC4C894FDA2CAF975812E343EBB1" value="2016-03-09">9 Mar 2016</date>
|
||||
, cultivated,
|
||||
<emphasis id="EB29E35F2E3EDEB79EC1E0B9A5C8ABB8" italics="true">W. Sueksakit M 10-1</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="00814B10937435B2731D9E7EB7699150" country="Thailand" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12928" name="Department of Agriculture" type="Herbarium">BK</collectionCode>
|
||||
)];
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="5472AB6FE240DB36C8E6F6E898947CA3" country="Thailand" name="Nakhon Pathom">Nakhon Pathom</collectingRegion>
|
||||
[Silpakorn University, sterile,
|
||||
<date id="2BC4D8C60A292CB99A5472245E2F1541" value="2017-04-20">20 Apr 2017</date>
|
||||
, cultivated,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B315C3615F5E3E7E15503076D08B2AE1" italics="true">W. Sueksakit M 10-3</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="392C6345F857B14B2C93000E8A8BE4BA" country="Thailand" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12928" name="Department of Agriculture" type="Herbarium">BK</collectionCode>
|
||||
)];
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="E865DF51B2E16701F03BE7FF90A44629" country="Thailand" name="Krung Thep Mahanakhon">Bangkok</collectingRegion>
|
||||
[locality no specified, fl.,
|
||||
<date id="2A9A5D1AB52A67CA3A89D128601643C6" value="1869-02">Feb 1869</date>
|
||||
, [as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A547A99B92E39FD4992E2D346FA09D89" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6E23E8123C0BE3EA9B8F7646BB15A7D7" italics="true">Garcinia</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
], cultivated,
|
||||
<emphasis id="16E6834BD08121BA51316DA0A7CAAFEA" italics="true">C. A. Feilberg s. n.</emphasis>
|
||||
(C); locality no specified, fl.,
|
||||
<date id="B9E1CDA50C4300CDC844E92CC5B856E4" value="1920-03-14">14 Mar 1920</date>
|
||||
, cultivated,
|
||||
<emphasis id="608C19E761E50B89CAADC55BDEBB3E2A" italics="true">A. F. G. Kerr s. n.</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="2709C5C0D3302D8C53DC5947224F04E4" country="United Kingdom" name="Bristol Museum">BM</collectionCode>
|
||||
); locality no specified, fl.,
|
||||
<date id="0A406F0E5EA812B9DD6115826552CA37" value="1920-03-14">14 Mar 1920</date>
|
||||
, cultivated,
|
||||
<emphasis id="F2BD179794DF1BDAA9985545708EBD10" italics="true">A. Marcan 102 A</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="11684A708527F23F20108CF7018CF3CF" country="United Kingdom" name="Bristol Museum">BM</collectionCode>
|
||||
); Khong San District, young fr.,
|
||||
<date id="5C4732A39C297591982C9C30AF5BE1AD" value="1970-02-20">20 Feb 1970</date>
|
||||
, cultivated,
|
||||
<emphasis id="FF8D9CC7A4BE7C2BBD900F8453D81796" italics="true">J. F. Maxwell 70-23</emphasis>
|
||||
(BK, L [L 2416561])];
|
||||
<emphasis id="B7A61200664F49E167739353569A6C10" bold="true">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="264C1D23BC5CD6547BC4873AE85A5E33">South-Eastern</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="A520DCBA99CA8C43D741B0B95D187404" country="Thailand" name="Rayong">Rayong</collectingRegion>
|
||||
[locality not specified, fr.,
|
||||
<date id="9C7E4CF4DC076898B4024271162E26B7" value="2013-07-16">16 Jul 2013</date>
|
||||
, cultivated,
|
||||
<emphasis id="3544692212D311A37AF8EDFE0D868B05" italics="true">Naiyana 01</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="D2E5887A07B9D99D9DBE3F36C1E8B269" country="Thailand" name="National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department" type="Herbarium">BKF</collectionCode>
|
||||
)];
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="A5D798F0D8306A8282808DA27A43E948" country="Thailand" name="Chanthaburi">Chanthaburi</collectingRegion>
|
||||
[Khitchakut District, fr.,
|
||||
<date id="FA13C3EC5C204130C5DE7B1679C30C0C" value="2003-07-12">12 Jul 2003</date>
|
||||
, cultivated,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B116F32DB6A2FFEFEE5ACDC0F2E907D0" italics="true">P. Palee s. n.</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="1B82BE7CF1813715DE8DE390EA73C768">CMUB</collectionCode>
|
||||
)];
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="EAC71D5A5D038D64F374612DE920E8D8" country="Thailand" name="Trat">Trat</collectingRegion>
|
||||
[Salak Phet Waterfall, Mu Ko Chang National Park, young fr.,
|
||||
<date id="2863773E5FB5C69448E2B10CC6841A90" value="2000-03-29">29 Mar 2000</date>
|
||||
, cultivated,
|
||||
<emphasis id="5ACC4EC99B762F3AAED2D8F8A74E1A8D" italics="true">T. Wongprasert s. n.</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="B3FD088C12188C81B27F8BBC676AA658" country="Thailand" name="National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department" type="Herbarium">BKF</collectionCode>
|
||||
128511); Wang Saem Subdistrict, Makham District, female fl.,
|
||||
<date id="AC4C8D0AE5202AF665F7CCFB0B345320" value="2024-01-20">20 Jan 2024</date>
|
||||
, cultivated,
|
||||
<emphasis id="CC19F388BD1ADEA85A5FD3B3753B826C" italics="true">C. Ngernsaengsaruay</emphasis>
|
||||
et al.
|
||||
<emphasis id="E03BF6F5000AFDD0FB085803D71E3A61" italics="true">G 55-20012024</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="A710545368AB029BC83A52EBA46E13CD" country="Thailand" name="National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department" type="Herbarium">BKF</collectionCode>
|
||||
)];
|
||||
<emphasis id="BD89928992521821ED41F790D8E9FFB0" bold="true">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="A8F92B82902FE88CA247013070F1B0A6">Peninsular</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="831FA3B446DFF291175EB549047ED574" country="Thailand" name="Surat Thani">Surat Thani</collectingRegion>
|
||||
[Ko Samui, fr.,
|
||||
<date id="2DC26B8C93F361700B266A2740DEDB29" value="1960-05-31">31 May 1960</date>
|
||||
, cultivated,
|
||||
<emphasis id="FFFCB667A76D3B272D8AFF754308C603" italics="true">Chirayupin 111</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="BA71DE89B5B2F5CD8DC40D9342471C76" country="Thailand" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12928" name="Department of Agriculture" type="Herbarium">BK</collectionCode>
|
||||
); Ban Song Subdistrict, fr.,
|
||||
<date id="EEE227E2D1474C513F4428E8E960CF7C" value="1979-08-12">12 Aug 1979</date>
|
||||
, cultivated,
|
||||
<emphasis id="647BF7D1CC240DC6397703EF6EF6ECDB" italics="true">Supatra 27</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="40150273645324D1B8C9A52313E53E93" country="USA" name="Portland State University, Vertebrate Biology Museum" type="Museum">PSU</collectionCode>
|
||||
)];
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="530AF0DAB20A113DA78E2FD962A08164" country="Thailand" name="Phangnga">Phangnga</collectingRegion>
|
||||
[Si
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6F900F5AAA3AFFFC2A3E54A42711E61D" country="Thailand" name="Phangnga">Phang Nga</collectingRegion>
|
||||
National Park, sterile,
|
||||
<date id="D4F82CAECB5F7A601FCED1D034CE0A0F" value="2003-12-17">17 Dec 2003</date>
|
||||
, cultivated,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B4C01ABEACC4EAB0516FA0C7E6BED3D0" italics="true">A. Sloth 561</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="E29FC99DCBF384981208018EDC119EA7" country="Ethiopia" name="Addis Ababa University, Department of Biology">AAU</collectionCode>
|
||||
); Ko Phra Thong, fl.,
|
||||
<date id="76ACFC3AD94330CFF249B3BE29A339FD" value="2005-02-08">8 Feb 2005</date>
|
||||
, cultivated,
|
||||
<emphasis id="41EBD28FD2B4DF0C81930F703F32A3BC" italics="true">C. Phengklai</emphasis>
|
||||
et al.
|
||||
<emphasis id="450DB953C4A87BB02C9362AB1EC4A742" italics="true">13945</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="AEDF06043C9B9867BDEDE4925CE9C99C" country="Thailand" name="National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department" type="Herbarium">BKF</collectionCode>
|
||||
); Bang Nai Si Subdistrict, Takua Pa District, sterile,
|
||||
<date id="F6B7F25EF626F0BDC1BF5491B1C86439" value="2016-09-01">1 Sep 2016</date>
|
||||
, cultivated,
|
||||
<emphasis id="3E950E73E5A82F93CFFEEF396DECC41F" italics="true">W. Sueksakit M 10-1</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="18D937DD28E3187798260C5E2D35340F" country="Thailand" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12928" name="Department of Agriculture" type="Herbarium">BK</collectionCode>
|
||||
)];
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="88EF02C03C00913FF5CBA7F05DD4B581" country="Thailand" name="Nakhon Si Thammarat">Nakhon Si Thammarat</collectingRegion>
|
||||
[locality no specified, sterile,
|
||||
<date id="A8DEC70D8D6F90E1FF782F22621B289B" value="1980-08-24">24 Aug 1980</date>
|
||||
, cultivated,
|
||||
<emphasis id="C6AEC19700DA1EB679154FC210260AD7" italics="true">Students s. n.</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="840601C72360B9E1C3543343B92FE09C" country="USA" name="Portland State University, Vertebrate Biology Museum" type="Museum">PSU</collectionCode>
|
||||
); locality no specified, fr.,
|
||||
<date id="AB0B15FC179DF46935ECC1AC2B9267D0" value="1981-08-20">20 Aug 1981</date>
|
||||
, cultivated,
|
||||
<emphasis id="0C0549F50B523608209633D4315A67D4" italics="true">Mai 4</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="7819A93B3C3263B67DCACC5075E1D15B" country="USA" name="Portland State University, Vertebrate Biology Museum" type="Museum">PSU</collectionCode>
|
||||
); Khao Luang, fl.,
|
||||
<date id="28DE0BA92C460BE74097763E035ED73F" value="1990-04-25">25 Apr 1990</date>
|
||||
, cultivated,
|
||||
<emphasis id="A5ED7F419BA3E5E327FCA5EB05E4B09C" italics="true">R. Pooma P 37</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="7B1483E9406FBD1D97981CB98A91C6DE" country="Thailand" name="National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department" type="Herbarium">BKF</collectionCode>
|
||||
)];
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="5D84C4DF3E39428DF92DCC47B062B164" country="Thailand" name="Phatthalung">Phatthalung</collectingRegion>
|
||||
[Khao Pu-Khao Ya National Park, Si Banphot District, fr.,
|
||||
<date id="9713D7DB4F8158FCB0793F599D77F7BA" value="1986-07-26">26 Jul 1986</date>
|
||||
, cultivated,
|
||||
<emphasis id="0D33F3D04295040859636109BB62E701" italics="true">J. F. Maxwell 86-499</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="0826D603277BE17D699BA7885298992A" country="Ethiopia" name="Addis Ababa University, Department of Biology">AAU</collectionCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C4D1566B0DB4B9875D5516FD6E3E6D88" country="Thailand" name="National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department" type="Herbarium">BKF</collectionCode>
|
||||
, L [L 2416615], P [P 05061446],
|
||||
<collectionCode id="B4904F0B42A97060E9DC3576F3EEE2C0" country="USA" name="Portland State University, Vertebrate Biology Museum" type="Museum">PSU</collectionCode>
|
||||
)];
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="7EE7C69F14552E72F19832374937A915" country="Thailand" name="Narathiwat">Narathiwat</collectingRegion>
|
||||
[Chat Warin Waterfall, fr.,
|
||||
<date id="12B2353F88C0A94812229451D767D433" value="1995-08-15">15 Aug 1995</date>
|
||||
, cultivated,
|
||||
<emphasis id="5F64534F9184AEBC143605D14695E8CF" italics="true">K. Larsen</emphasis>
|
||||
et al.
|
||||
<emphasis id="869A02A26367E3F658F179B8F3F8A60A" italics="true">45615</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="5820B355C6C331A734EB90CAAC05BC23" country="Ethiopia" name="Addis Ababa University, Department of Biology">AAU</collectionCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="9BC724B8C54D83D7B51C6BF1B8CE590C" country="Thailand" name="National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department" type="Herbarium">BKF</collectionCode>
|
||||
)].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in a new issue