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<document id="F8766945B8E25958E2F89B81D19E9EF1" ID-ISSN="1732-2421" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="karina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="karina" checkinTime="1723061107117" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Machalski, Marcin, Jagt, John W. M., Dortangs, Rudi W., Mulder, Eric W. A. & Radwański, Andrzej" docDate="2003" docId="7D2E87A4D139FF9DFC9EFABDFEDC41B7" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaPalaeontolPol.48.3.397-408.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 48 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:93F5927C23D90727DE855278A6F17B37.1:ActaPalaeontolPol.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="93F5927C23D90727DE855278A6F17B37" docStyleName="ActaPalaeontolPol.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Mosasaurus hoffmanni Mantell 1829" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="403" masterDocId="8117FFDCD138FF9BFFB2FFF9FFBC4049" masterDocTitle="Campanian and Maastrichtian mosasaurid reptiles from central Poland" masterLastPageNumber="408" masterPageNumber="397" pageNumber="398" updateTime="1723730344794" updateUser="karina" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="835CB0DD672923E60FCEF934E975D178">
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<mods:title id="007E21DB184749F46226E97B15FED866">Campanian and Maastrichtian mosasaurid reptiles from central Poland</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="06749CBBDE692F282B877974F601109E">Machalski, Marcin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3A5F155265F082C8D73CA7402A6B38B6">Jagt, John W. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5FA211456867747DEC3BFA53C2B4F233">Dortangs, Rudi W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EDBEC9CA273FFA2A5159082A7EA89C4C">Mulder, Eric W. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="72ABE7F846C1418D3B4D63C42DEFFDAA">Radwański, Andrzej</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="2A33D21A65F19AE29FA02E0C9C93F72A">Acta Palaeontologica Polonica</mods:title>
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<treatment id="7D2E87A4D139FF9DFC9EFABDFEDC41B7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7D2E87A4D139FF9DFC9EFABDFEDC41B7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D2E87A4D139FF9DFC9EFABDFEDC41B7" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="403" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">
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<subSubSection id="BD9D6539D139FF9AFC9EFABDFA8A4529" box="[812,1334,1347,1376]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="F53836B2D139FF9AFC9EFABDFA8A4529" blockId="1.[812,1334,1347,1409]" box="[812,1334,1347,1376]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">
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<heading id="AE7081DED139FF9AFC9EFABDFA8A4529" box="[812,1334,1347,1376]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" reason="9">
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<taxonomicName id="32874D31D139FF9AFC9EFABDFA8A4529" authority="Mantell, 1829" authorityName="Mantell" authorityYear="1829" box="[812,1334,1347,1376]" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D139FF9AFC9EFABDFC744529" box="[812,968,1348,1376]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Mosasaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
cf.
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D139FF9AFC4BFABAFBC74529" box="[1017,1147,1347,1376]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">hoffmanni</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="91164B43D139FF9AFB31FABAFA8A4529" author="Mantell, G. A." box="[1155,1334,1347,1376]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" pagination="201 - 216" refId="ref7241" refString="Mantell, G. A. 1829. A tabular arrangement of the organic remains of the countyofSussex. Transactions of the Geological Society of London (2) 3: 201 - 216." type="journal article" year="1829">Mantell, 1829</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="BD9D6539D139FF9DFC9EFA92FEDC41B7" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="403" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="F53836B2D139FF9AFC9EFA92FC3045C8" blockId="1.[812,1334,1347,1409]" box="[812,908,1387,1409]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="6DBC2A37D139FF9AFC9EFA92FC3445C8" box="[812,904,1387,1409]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStartId-0="2.[102,140,1722,1741]" captionStartId-1="3.[102,141,1591,1610]" captionStartId-2="4.[102,139,1355,1374]" captionStartId-3="5.[966,1004,970,989]" captionTargetBox-0="[105,1481,225,1704]" captionTargetBox-1="[104,1482,225,1564]" captionTargetBox-2="[103,1484,225,1327]" captionTargetBox-3="[104,932,799,1839]" captionTargetId-0="figure-88@2.[105,1482,225,1704]" captionTargetId-1="figure-138@3.[104,1483,225,1564]" captionTargetId-2="figure-298@4.[103,1486,225,1327]" captionTargetId-3="figure-221@5.[104,932,799,1839]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionText-0="Fig.2. Mosasaurus cf. hoffmanni Mantell,1829,fromtheDaniangreensandatNasiłów(redepositedlateLateMaastrichtianmaterial). A.IGPUWAR−1in buccal(A1),lingual(A2),andanterior(A3)views. B.IGPUWAR−2inposterior(B 1)andlingual(B2)views. C.IGPUWAR−3inposterior(C 1),buccal(C2), and anterior (C3) views." captionText-1="Fig.3. Mosasaurus cf. hoffmanni Mantell,1829,fromtheupperUpperMaastrichtianopokaatNasiłów. A.IGPUWAR−4inposterior(A 1),buccal(A2),anterior (A3), and lingual (A4) views. B. OGP 1254 in lingual (B1), posterior (B2), buccal (B3), and anterior (B4) views." captionText-2="Fig.4. Mosasaurus cf. hoffmanni Mantell,1829,fromtheUpperCampanianopokaatMaruszów,ZPALR.I/1,partialupperjawinbuccal(A),occlusal(B), and lingual (C) views." captionText-3="Fig.6. Mosasaurus cf. hoffmanni Mantell,1829,fromthe Upper Campanian opoka at Maruszów. A. ZPAL R.I/1, left−handsidetoothinBin anterior(A1),buccal(A2),and posterior (A3) views. B. ZPAL R.I/1, three tooth crowns preserved in original jaw position (although jaw bone is not preserved)." pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Figs. 2–6</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||||
<paragraph id="F53836B2D139FF9AFC9EFA6AFA99476C" blockId="1.[812,1486,1427,2026]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">
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||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D139FF9AFC9EFA6AFC3045E2" box="[812,908,1427,1451]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Material</emphasis>
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.—Twoteeth(IGPUWAR−1,IGPUWAR−2),found togetherandpossiblybelongingtoasingleindividual,andone tooth crown (IGPUWAR−3), from the Danian greensand at Nasiłów (redeposited late Late Maastrichtian material). Two toothcrowns(IGPUWAR−4,OGP1254)fromtheupperUp − per Maastrichtian opoka at Nasiłów. A fragmentary jaw and isolated tooth crowns (ZPAL R. I/1–5), representing a single individual, from the Upper Campanian of Maruszów, previously recorded as
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<taxonomicName id="32874D31D139FF9AFC46F969FB1D46EE" box="[1012,1185,1680,1703]" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D139FF9AFC46F969FBC746EE" box="[1012,1147,1680,1703]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Mosasaurus</emphasis>
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sp.
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</taxonomicName>
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(sp. A) by
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<bibRefCitation id="91164B43D139FF9AFAAFF976FCE7468F" author="Sulimski, A." pageId="1" pageNumber="398" pagination="243 - 250" refId="ref7863" refString="Sulimski, A. 1968. Remains of Upper Cretaceous Mosasauridae (Reptilia) of central Poland. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 13: 243 - 250." type="journal article" year="1968">Sulimski (1968: 245</bibRefCitation>
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,pl.1;pl.2:1–4,refiguredhereinasFigs.4–6).Comparative material from the
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<typeStatus id="2A3C8810D139FF9AFB9EF937FBE746AF" box="[1068,1115,1742,1766]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">type</typeStatus>
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Maastrichtian area (
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<typeStatus id="2A3C8810D139FF9AFAF6F937FAC946AF" box="[1348,1397,1742,1766]" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">type</typeStatus>
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area of
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<taxonomicName id="32874D31D139FF9AFC9EF917FB95474C" authorityName="Mantell" authorityYear="1829" box="[812,1065,1773,1797]" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="398" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">
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<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D139FF9AFC9EF917FB95474C" box="[812,1065,1773,1797]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Mosasaurus hoffmanni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) includes NHMM 004984−2, 007129, 006684−3b, 1997262, 1997266, and 1997267.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F53836B2D139FF99FC9EF8CCFDF647A3" blockId="1.[812,1486,1427,2026]" lastBlockId="2.[102,774,1843,2026]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="399" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">
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||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D139FF9AFC9EF8CCFC0C4705" box="[812,944,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Description</emphasis>
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.—The best−preserved specimen is an anterior (?premaxillary)tooth,IGPUWAR−2(
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<figureCitation id="6DBC2A37D139FF9AFB56F8ADFA8C4725" box="[1252,1328,1876,1900]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[102,140,1722,1741]" captionTargetBox="[105,1481,225,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-88@2.[105,1482,225,1704]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig.2. Mosasaurus cf. hoffmanni Mantell,1829,fromtheDaniangreensandatNasiłów(redepositedlateLateMaastrichtianmaterial). A.IGPUWAR−1in buccal(A1),lingual(A2),andanterior(A3)views. B.IGPUWAR−2inposterior(B 1)andlingual(B2)views. C.IGPUWAR−3inposterior(C 1),buccal(C2), and anterior (C3) views." pageId="1" pageNumber="398">Fig.2B</figureCitation>
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),100.3mmin height (including root, with small resorption pit). It is asymmetrically bicarinate, with a deeply U−shaped cross section, and with markedly unequal lingual and buccal surfaces. The buccal surface ismore orlessflat,with2–3 facets (bestvisibleproximally);onthelingualsurfacethefacetsarelesswell developed,andtheirnumbercannotbedeterminedprecisely. Both the anterior and posterior carinae are well developed, with minute serrations over their entire length. The crown has a marked posterior and lingual recurvature. The enamel shows beading, best developed proximally.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="A1F8663AD13AFF99FFD4F943FEFC474C" pageId="2" pageNumber="399" startId="2.[102,140,1722,1741]" targetBox="[105,1481,225,1704]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
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||||
<paragraph id="F53836B2D13AFF99FFD4F943FEFC474C" blockId="2.[102,1485,1722,1801]" pageId="2" pageNumber="399">
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Fig.2.
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<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13AFF99FF16F942FDAC4684" authority="Mantell, 1829" authorityName="Mantell" authorityYear="1829" box="[164,528,1722,1741]" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="399" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">
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||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13AFF99FF16F942FEAF4684" box="[164,275,1723,1741]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="399">Mosasaurus</emphasis>
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cf.
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<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13AFF99FE81F943FE334684" box="[307,399,1722,1741]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="399">hoffmanni</emphasis>
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||||
<bibRefCitation id="91164B43D13AFF99FE21F943FDAC4684" author="Mantell, G. A." box="[403,528,1722,1741]" pageId="2" pageNumber="399" pagination="201 - 216" refId="ref7241" refString="Mantell, G. A. 1829. A tabular arrangement of the organic remains of the countyofSussex. Transactions of the Geological Society of London (2) 3: 201 - 216." type="journal article" year="1829">Mantell,1829</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,fromtheDaniangreensandatNasiłów(redepositedlateLateMaastrichtianmaterial).
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<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13AFF99FAA9F943FA974684" bold="true" box="[1307,1323,1722,1741]" pageId="2" pageNumber="399">A</emphasis>
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.IGPUWAR−1in buccal(A
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<subScript id="690334F7D13AFF99FF0FF926FF7946A4" attach="left" box="[189,197,1759,1773]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="399">1</subScript>
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),lingual(A
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<subScript id="690334F7D13AFF99FE83F926FE8546A4" attach="left" box="[305,313,1759,1773]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="399">2</subScript>
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),andanterior(A
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<subScript id="690334F7D13AFF99FE60F926FE6646A4" attach="left" box="[466,474,1759,1773]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="399">3</subScript>
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)views.
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<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13AFF99FD96F92EFD8F46A3" bold="true" box="[548,563,1751,1770]" pageId="2" pageNumber="399">B</emphasis>
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.IGPUWAR−2inposterior(B
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<subScript id="690334F7D13AFF99FCF1F926FCF746A4" attach="right" box="[835,843,1759,1773]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="399">1</subScript>
|
||||
)andlingual(B
|
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<subScript id="690334F7D13AFF99FC67F926FC6146A4" attach="left" box="[981,989,1759,1773]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="399">2</subScript>
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)views.
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<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13AFF99FB9AF92FFB8446A0" bold="true" box="[1064,1080,1750,1769]" pageId="2" pageNumber="399">C</emphasis>
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.IGPUWAR−3inposterior(C
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<subScript id="690334F7D13AFF99FAFAF926FAEC46A4" attach="right" box="[1352,1360,1759,1773]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="399">1</subScript>
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),buccal(C
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<subScript id="690334F7D13AFF99FA0AF926FA7C46A4" attach="right" box="[1464,1472,1759,1773]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="399">2</subScript>
|
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), and anterior (C
|
||||
<subScript id="690334F7D13AFF99FF5DF902FF4B4740" attach="left" box="[239,247,1787,1801]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="399">3</subScript>
|
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) views.
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</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
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<paragraph id="F53836B2D13AFF99FCE0F8CDFA7C47A3" blockId="2.[812,1485,1843,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="399">
|
||||
IGPUWAR−1 (
|
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<figureCitation id="6DBC2A37D13AFF99FC4FF8CAFBEB4705" box="[1021,1111,1843,1868]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[102,140,1722,1741]" captionTargetBox="[105,1481,225,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-88@2.[105,1482,225,1704]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig.2. Mosasaurus cf. hoffmanni Mantell,1829,fromtheDaniangreensandatNasiłów(redepositedlateLateMaastrichtianmaterial). A.IGPUWAR−1in buccal(A1),lingual(A2),andanterior(A3)views. B.IGPUWAR−2inposterior(B 1)andlingual(B2)views. C.IGPUWAR−3inposterior(C 1),buccal(C2), and anterior (C3) views." pageId="2" pageNumber="399">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
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) is a massive lateral tooth,
|
||||
<quantity id="327F9B57D13AFF99FA21F8CAFCE44722" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.959999999999999" pageId="2" pageNumber="399" unit="mm" value="89.6">89.6 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in total height (as preserved), including the incomplete root. It has an elliptical cross section, with both buccal and lingual surfaces showing barely visible facets and beading. Both posterior and anterior carinae show minute serrations. Thecrownismoderatelyposteriorlyandlinguallyrecurved.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="A1F8663AD13BFF98FFD4F9CEFB36462F" pageId="3" pageNumber="400" startId="3.[102,141,1591,1610]" targetBox="[104,1482,225,1564]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F53836B2D13BFF98FFD4F9CEFB36462F" blockId="3.[102,1485,1591,1642]" pageId="3" pageNumber="400">
|
||||
Fig.3.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13BFF98FF11F9C1FDB24603" authority="Mantell, 1829" authorityName="Mantell" authorityYear="1829" box="[163,526,1591,1610]" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="400" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13BFF98FF11F9C1FEAE4603" box="[163,274,1592,1610]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="400">Mosasaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
cf.
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13BFF98FE83F9CEFE314603" box="[305,397,1591,1610]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="400">hoffmanni</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="91164B43D13BFF98FE20F9CEFDB24603" author="Mantell, G. A." box="[402,526,1591,1610]" pageId="3" pageNumber="400" pagination="201 - 216" refId="ref7241" refString="Mantell, G. A. 1829. A tabular arrangement of the organic remains of the countyofSussex. Transactions of the Geological Society of London (2) 3: 201 - 216." type="journal article" year="1829">Mantell,1829</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,fromtheupperUpperMaastrichtianopokaatNasiłów.
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13BFF98FBB6F9CEFBA84603" bold="true" box="[1028,1044,1591,1610]" pageId="3" pageNumber="400">A</emphasis>
|
||||
.IGPUWAR−4inposterior(A
|
||||
<subScript id="690334F7D13BFF98FA94F9B9FA924607" attach="right" box="[1318,1326,1600,1614]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="400">1</subScript>
|
||||
),buccal(A
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13BFF98FA25F9B9FA234607" bold="true" box="[1431,1439,1600,1614]" pageId="3" pageNumber="400">
|
||||
<subScript id="690334F7D13BFF98FA25F9B9FA234607" attach="left" box="[1431,1439,1600,1614]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="400">2</subScript>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
),anterior (A
|
||||
<subScript id="690334F7D13BFF98FF06F9A5FF004623" attach="left" box="[180,188,1628,1642]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="400">3</subScript>
|
||||
), and lingual (A
|
||||
<subScript id="690334F7D13BFF98FEE0F9A5FEE64623" attach="right" box="[338,346,1628,1642]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="400">4</subScript>
|
||||
) views.
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13BFF98FE1AF9ADFE0B462E" bold="true" box="[424,439,1620,1639]" pageId="3" pageNumber="400">B</emphasis>
|
||||
. OGP 1254 in lingual (B
|
||||
<subScript id="690334F7D13BFF98FD29F9A5FD1F4623" attach="left" box="[667,675,1628,1642]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="400">1</subScript>
|
||||
), posterior (B
|
||||
<subScript id="690334F7D13BFF98FC91F9A5FC974623" attach="left" box="[803,811,1628,1642]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="400">2</subScript>
|
||||
), buccal (B
|
||||
<subScript id="690334F7D13BFF98FC27F9A5FC214623" attach="left" box="[917,925,1628,1642]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="400">3</subScript>
|
||||
), and anterior (B
|
||||
<subScript id="690334F7D13BFF98FB8BF9A5FBFD4623" attach="left" box="[1081,1089,1628,1642]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="400">4</subScript>
|
||||
) views.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F53836B2D13BFF98FF39F96EFED94722" blockId="3.[102,775,1686,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="400">
|
||||
IGPUWAR−3 (as preserved 57.0 mm in height; see
|
||||
<figureCitation id="6DBC2A37D13BFF98FD61F96EFF3B4687" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[102,140,1722,1741]" captionTargetBox="[105,1481,225,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-88@2.[105,1482,225,1704]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig.2. Mosasaurus cf. hoffmanni Mantell,1829,fromtheDaniangreensandatNasiłów(redepositedlateLateMaastrichtianmaterial). A.IGPUWAR−1in buccal(A1),lingual(A2),andanterior(A3)views. B.IGPUWAR−2inposterior(B 1)andlingual(B2)views. C.IGPUWAR−3inposterior(C 1),buccal(C2), and anterior (C3) views." pageId="3" pageNumber="400">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and IGPUWAR−4 (as preserved 51.6 mminheight; see
|
||||
<figureCitation id="6DBC2A37D13BFF98FFD4F92CFF0346A7" box="[102,191,1749,1774]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[102,141,1591,1610]" captionTargetBox="[104,1482,225,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-138@3.[104,1483,225,1564]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig.3. Mosasaurus cf. hoffmanni Mantell,1829,fromtheupperUpperMaastrichtianopokaatNasiłów. A.IGPUWAR−4inposterior(A 1),buccal(A2),anterior (A3), and lingual (A4) views. B. OGP 1254 in lingual (B1), posterior (B2), buccal (B3), and anterior (B4) views." pageId="3" pageNumber="400">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||||
) show elliptical cross sections, and appear to have occupied a comparable position in the dental or maxillary ramus.Thesespecimenshavemoreclearlydevelopedfacets, on both the buccal and lingual surfaces, and show distinct beading of the enamel.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F53836B2D13BFF98FF39F88AFC5B47C2" blockId="3.[102,775,1686,2026]" lastBlockId="3.[812,1486,1687,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="400">
|
||||
OGP 1254 (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="6DBC2A37D13BFF98FEA8F88AFEC847C2" box="[282,372,1907,1931]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[102,141,1591,1610]" captionTargetBox="[104,1482,225,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-138@3.[104,1483,225,1564]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig.3. Mosasaurus cf. hoffmanni Mantell,1829,fromtheupperUpperMaastrichtianopokaatNasiłów. A.IGPUWAR−4inposterior(A 1),buccal(A2),anterior (A3), and lingual (A4) views. B. OGP 1254 in lingual (B1), posterior (B2), buccal (B3), and anterior (B4) views." pageId="3" pageNumber="400">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||||
) is a comparatively small (from a subadult individual?), bicarinate tooth crown (
|
||||
<quantity id="327F9B57D13BFF98FDCFF86AFD5B47E3" box="[637,743,1939,1963]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" pageId="3" pageNumber="400" unit="mm" value="31.5">31.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in height,aspreserved),14.2mminwidth(atthebase).Incross sectionitismoreorlesselliptical,withthelingualandbuccal surfacesmarkedlyunequal.Thebuccalsurfaceisfaintlyconvex,with3unequalfacets;onthelingualsurfacethereareup to9suchfacets,narrowerandespeciallymarkedproximally, reaching to just above mid−height; beading is well visible. Bothcarinaearewelldeveloped,theanterioronebeingmore pronounced, withminuteserrationsovertheirentirelengths. The crown is moderately lingually, but more clearly posteriorly recurved.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F53836B2D13BFF9FFCE0F86AFDD1462A" blockId="3.[812,1486,1687,2026]" lastBlockId="4.[102,775,1454,1635]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="401" pageId="3" pageNumber="400">
|
||||
Teeth and tooth crowns in the Upper Campanian specimen ZPAL R. I/1–5 (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="6DBC2A37D13BFF98FBAEF84BFB3B4783" box="[1052,1159,1970,1994]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="4.[102,139,1355,1374]" captionStartId-1="5.[966,1004,970,989]" captionTargetBox-0="[103,1484,225,1327]" captionTargetBox-1="[104,932,799,1839]" captionTargetId-0="figure-298@4.[103,1486,225,1327]" captionTargetId-1="figure-221@5.[104,932,799,1839]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="Fig.4. Mosasaurus cf. hoffmanni Mantell,1829,fromtheUpperCampanianopokaatMaruszów,ZPALR.I/1,partialupperjawinbuccal(A),occlusal(B), and lingual (C) views." captionText-1="Fig.6. Mosasaurus cf. hoffmanni Mantell,1829,fromthe Upper Campanian opoka at Maruszów. A. ZPAL R.I/1, left−handsidetoothinBin anterior(A1),buccal(A2),and posterior (A3) views. B. ZPAL R.I/1, three tooth crowns preserved in original jaw position (although jaw bone is not preserved)." pageId="3" pageNumber="400">Figs. 4–6</figureCitation>
|
||||
) show a U−shaped cross section, withboth the buccal and lingual surfaces facetted, with buccal facets wider and more distinct than those on the lingualside.Theyalsoshowwell−developedanteriorandposterior carinae, a slight posterior recurvature and a more pronounced lingual recurvature. Enamel beading is less pronounced than in the Late Maastrichtian specimens, but does occur in patches, both proximally and distally.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="A1F8663AD13CFF9FFFD4FAB2FE8D4533" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" startId="4.[102,139,1355,1374]" targetBox="[103,1484,225,1327]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F53836B2D13CFF9FFFD4FAB2FE8D4533" blockId="4.[102,1485,1354,1402]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
|
||||
Fig.4.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13CFF9FFF11FAB2FDAD4517" authority="Mantell, 1829" authorityName="Mantell" authorityYear="1829" box="[163,529,1355,1374]" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13CFF9FFF11FAB2FEAE4514" box="[163,274,1355,1373]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Mosasaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
cf.
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13CFF9FFE80FAB2FE324517" box="[306,398,1355,1374]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">hoffmanni</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="91164B43D13CFF9FFE20FAB2FDAD4517" author="Mantell, G. A." box="[402,529,1355,1374]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" pagination="201 - 216" refId="ref7241" refString="Mantell, G. A. 1829. A tabular arrangement of the organic remains of the countyofSussex. Transactions of the Geological Society of London (2) 3: 201 - 216." type="journal article" year="1829">Mantell,1829</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,fromtheUpperCampanianopokaatMaruszów,ZPALR.I/1,partialupperjawinbuccal(
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13CFF9FFA8BFAB3FAF54514" bold="true" box="[1337,1353,1354,1373]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">A</emphasis>
|
||||
),occlusal(
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13CFF9FFA03FAB2FA7C4517" bold="true" box="[1457,1472,1355,1374]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">B</emphasis>
|
||||
), and lingual (
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13CFF9FFF6AFA9FFF544530" bold="true" box="[216,232,1382,1401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">C</emphasis>
|
||||
) views.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F53836B2D13CFF9FFFD4F981FB1345AC" blockId="4.[102,775,1656,2026]" lastBlockId="4.[812,1486,1454,1952]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13CFF9FFFD4F981FF5D46C6" box="[102,225,1656,1679]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Discussion</emphasis>
|
||||
.—Typical anteriorand median−posterior teethof adultspecimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13CFF9FFE8FF961FE6F46E6" authorityName="Mantell" authorityYear="1829" box="[317,467,1687,1711]" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13CFF9FFE8FF961FE6F46E6" box="[317,467,1687,1711]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">M. hoffmanni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
arerobust,bicarinate,have asymmetrical crowns (lingualsidemore inflated)withafew wide “prismatic” facets on the buccal side of the crown, and more numerous facets on the lingual side; they also reveal beading of the enamel (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="91164B43D13CFF9FFE31F8ECFDC34764" author="Lingham-Soliar, T." box="[387,639,1813,1837]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" pagination="155 - 180" refId="ref6951" refString="Lingham-Soliar, T. 1995. Anatomy and functional morphology of the largest marine reptile known, Mosasaurus hoffmanni (Mosasauridae, Reptilia) from the Upper Cretaceous, Upper Maastrichtian of The Netherlands. PhilosophicalTransactions ofthe RoyalSociety ofLondon B 347: 155 - 180." type="journal article" year="1995">Lingham−Soliar 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="91164B43D13CFF9FFD22F8ECFF1D4705" author="Jagt, J. W. M. & Kuypers, M. M. M. & andPeeters, H. H. G." pageId="4" pageNumber="401" pagination="47 - 59" refId="ref6521" refString="Jagt, J. W. M., Kuypers, M. M. M., andPeeters, H. H. G. 1995. Mosasauriersin het Natuurhistorisch Museum Maastricht opnieuw onder de loep genomen. Natuurhistorisch Maandblad 84: 47 - 59." type="journal article" year="1995">Jagt et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="91164B43D13CFF9FFF03F8CCFE224705" author="Kuypers, M. M. M. & Jagt, J. W. M. & Peeters, H. H. G. & De Graaf, D. Th. & Dortangs, R. W. & Deckers, M. J. M. & Eysermans, D. & Janssen, M. J. & Arpot, L." box="[177,414,1844,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" pagination="4 - 47" refId="ref6661" refString="Kuypers, M. M. M., Jagt, J. W. M., Peeters, H. H. G., De Graaf, D. Th., Dortangs, R. W., Deckers, M. J. M., Eysermans, D., Janssen, M. J., and Arpot, L. 1998. Laat-kretaceische mosasauriers uit Luik-Limburg. Nieuwe vondsten leiden tot nieuwe inzichten. Publicaties van het Natuurhistorisch Genootschap in Limburg 41: 4 - 47." type="journal article" year="1998">Kuypers et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The posterior teeth are more symmetrical, but are still characterised by beaded enamel and distinct facets (op. cit.). The beading of the enamel was held tobe diagnostic of teeth of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13CFF9FFE7EF86DFDDF47E2" authorityName="Mantell" authorityYear="1829" box="[460,611,1939,1963]" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13CFF9FFE7EF86DFDDF47E2" box="[460,611,1939,1963]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">M. hoffmanni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="91164B43D13CFF9FFD3EF86AFF644783" author="Kuypers, M. M. M. & Jagt, J. W. M. & Peeters, H. H. G. & De Graaf, D. Th. & Dortangs, R. W. & Deckers, M. J. M. & Eysermans, D. & Janssen, M. J. & Arpot, L." pageId="4" pageNumber="401" pagination="4 - 47" refId="ref6661" refString="Kuypers, M. M. M., Jagt, J. W. M., Peeters, H. H. G., De Graaf, D. Th., Dortangs, R. W., Deckers, M. J. M., Eysermans, D., Janssen, M. J., and Arpot, L. 1998. Laat-kretaceische mosasauriers uit Luik-Limburg. Nieuwe vondsten leiden tot nieuwe inzichten. Publicaties van het Natuurhistorisch Genootschap in Limburg 41: 4 - 47." type="journal article" year="1998">Kuypers et al. (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. However, it occurs in African and Polish specimens herein referred to as “
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13CFF9FFE7BF82BFD6C47A3" box="[457,720,2002,2026]" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Leiodon">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13CFF9FFE7BF82BFDEE47A0" box="[457,594,2002,2025]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Mosasaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13CFF9FFDD9F82BFD7B47A3" box="[619,711,2002,2026]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Leiodon</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
cfr.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13CFF9FFC9EFA57FCC6458C" authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1845" box="[812,890,1454,1477]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Tetraodontidae" genus="Leiodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anceps">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13CFF9FFC9EFA57FCC6458C" box="[812,890,1454,1477]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">anceps</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
”and inone ofthePolishspecimens referred toas
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13CFF9FFA1DFA57FC7545AC" authorityName="Dollo" authorityYear="1889" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lemonnieri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13CFF9FFA1DFA57FA71458C" box="[1455,1485,1454,1477]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">M.</emphasis>
|
||||
cf.
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13CFF9FFCE2FA34FC7545AC" box="[848,969,1485,1509]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">lemonnieri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as well (see below).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F53836B2D13CFF9FFCE0FA17FC55468B" blockId="4.[812,1486,1454,1952]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
|
||||
TheLateMaastrichtianspecimensIGPUWAR−1–4from Nasiłów fall within the range of dental variation of adult specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13CFF9FFC74F9D4FBE1460C" authorityName="Mantell" authorityYear="1829" box="[966,1117,1581,1605]" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13CFF9FFC74F9D4FBE1460C" box="[966,1117,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">M. hoffmanni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the environs of Maastricht. The single tooth from the upper Upper Maastrichtian opoka of Nasiłów (MZ VIII/Vr−66), referred toby
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="91164B43D13CFF9FFAAAF995FA7146CD" author="Sulimski, A." box="[1304,1485,1644,1668]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" pagination="243 - 250" refId="ref7863" refString="Sulimski, A. 1968. Remains of Upper Cretaceous Mosasauridae (Reptilia) of central Poland. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 13: 243 - 250." type="journal article" year="1968">Sulimski(1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13CFF9FFCFBF975FC4A46EA" box="[841,1014,1675,1699]" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13CFF9FFCFBF975FC6E46EA" box="[841,978,1676,1699]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Mosasaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(sp.B),alsofallswithintheadultcategory of
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13CFF9FFCF9F952FC55468B" box="[843,1001,1706,1730]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13CFF9FFCF9F952FC59468B" authorityName="Mantell" authorityYear="1829" box="[843,997,1706,1730]" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">M. hoffmanni</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F53836B2D13CFF9FFCE0F932FAD247E9" blockId="4.[812,1486,1454,1952]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
|
||||
Teeth of subadult
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13CFF9FFBACF935FB0946AA" authorityName="Mantell" authorityYear="1829" box="[1054,1205,1739,1763]" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13CFF9FFBACF935FB0946AA" box="[1054,1205,1739,1763]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">M. hoffmanni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are more slender. Specimen OGP 1254 from Nasiłów may belong here. The size of the tooth crowns of the Upper Campanian specimen ZPAL R. I/1–5 from Maruszów suggests that these remains originatefromasubadultindividualaswell.Itiswellmatchedby smaller sized material of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13CFF9FFBF9F890FB5F47C9" authorityName="Mantell" authorityYear="1829" box="[1099,1251,1896,1920]" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13CFF9FFBF9F890FB5F47C9" box="[1099,1251,1896,1920]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">M. hoffmanni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the Maastrichtian
|
||||
<typeStatus id="2A3C8810D13CFF9FFCEFF871FC3147E9" box="[861,909,1928,1952]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
area (e.g.,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="91164B43D13CFF9FFBBBF871FB5547E9" author="Kuypers, M. M. M. & Jagt, J. W. M. & Peeters, H. H. G. & De Graaf, D. Th. & Dortangs, R. W. & Deckers, M. J. M. & Eysermans, D. & Janssen, M. J. & Arpot, L." box="[1033,1257,1928,1952]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" pagination="4 - 47" refId="ref6661" refString="Kuypers, M. M. M., Jagt, J. W. M., Peeters, H. H. G., De Graaf, D. Th., Dortangs, R. W., Deckers, M. J. M., Eysermans, D., Janssen, M. J., and Arpot, L. 1998. Laat-kretaceische mosasauriers uit Luik-Limburg. Nieuwe vondsten leiden tot nieuwe inzichten. Publicaties van het Natuurhistorisch Genootschap in Limburg 41: 4 - 47." type="journal article" year="1998">Kuypers et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: pl. 1: 5, 6).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F53836B2D13CFF9EFC9EF84BFCBB47A3" blockId="4.[812,1486,1970,2026]" lastBlockId="5.[102,775,1872,2026]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="402" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13CFF9FFC9EF84BFB7A4783" box="[812,1222,1970,1994]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
|
||||
.—In the Maastrichtian
|
||||
<typeStatus id="2A3C8810D13CFF9FFC9EF82BFCE747A3" box="[812,859,2002,2026]" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
area, the lowermost well−documented occurrence of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13CFF9EFA1DF82BFF694721" authorityName="Mantell" authorityYear="1829" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="402" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="401" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13CFF9EFA1DF82BFF694721" italics="true" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="402" pageId="4" pageNumber="401">M. hoffmanni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,basedonthediagnosticskeletalmaterial,iswithin the upper half of the Lanaye Member (Gulpen Formation, lower Upper Maastrichtian
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13DFF9EFE2BF868FD0F47E0" authority="Zone" authorityName="Zone" box="[409,691,1937,1961]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Dimitobelidae" genus="Belemnitella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Belemnitida" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="junior">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13DFF9EFE2BF868FDD247E1" box="[409,622,1937,1961]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">Belemnitella junior</emphasis>
|
||||
Zone
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). However, finds of isolated teeth and tooth crowns from the Vijlen Member (Gulpen Formation, Lower Maastrichtian) in the
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F53836B2D13DFF9EFC62FD0FFC62435B" blockId="5.[932,1485,758,950]" box="[976,990,758,786]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13DFF9EFC62FD0FFC62435B" box="[976,990,758,786]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">Ą</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F53836B2D13DFF9EFC74FCE7FBBE43E8" blockId="5.[932,1485,758,950]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">
|
||||
Fig.5.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13DFF9EFBB7FCE6FAC44378" authority="Mantell, 1829" authorityName="Mantell" authorityYear="1829" box="[1029,1400,798,817]" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13DFF9EFBB7FCE6FBC84378" box="[1029,1140,799,817]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">Mosasaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
cf.
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13DFF9EFB24FCE7FB4E4378" box="[1174,1266,798,817]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">hoffmanni</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="91164B43D13DFF9EFB45FCE7FAC44378" author="Mantell, G. A." box="[1271,1400,798,817]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" pagination="201 - 216" refId="ref7241" refString="Mantell, G. A. 1829. A tabular arrangement of the organic remains of the countyofSussex. Transactions of the Geological Society of London (2) 3: 201 - 216." type="journal article" year="1829">Mantell,1829</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,fromthe Upper Campanian opoka at Maruszów.
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13DFF9EFA9CFCC3FA824304" bold="true" box="[1326,1342,826,845]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">A</emphasis>
|
||||
. ZPAL R.I/
|
||||
<quantity id="327F9B57D13DFF9EFA18FCC3FA714304" box="[1450,1485,826,845]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
|
||||
lingual(A
|
||||
<subScript id="690334F7D13DFF9EFB93FCA6FB954324" attach="right" box="[1057,1065,863,877]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">1</subScript>
|
||||
)andanterior(A
|
||||
<subScript id="690334F7D13DFF9EFB0EFCA6FB784324" attach="left" box="[1212,1220,863,877]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">2</subScript>
|
||||
)views.
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13DFF9EFABDFCAFFAA24320" bold="true" box="[1295,1310,854,873]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">B</emphasis>
|
||||
.ZPALR.I/2inlingual (B
|
||||
<subScript id="690334F7D13DFF9EFBBEFC82FBA843C0" attach="left" box="[1036,1044,891,905]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">1</subScript>
|
||||
), anterior
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13DFF9EFBCAFC8BFB3C43CC" bold="true" box="[1144,1152,882,901]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">(</emphasis>
|
||||
B
|
||||
<subScript id="690334F7D13DFF9EFB3DFC82FB2B43C0" attach="left" box="[1167,1175,891,905]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">2</subScript>
|
||||
), posterior (B
|
||||
<subScript id="690334F7D13DFF9EFAAEFC82FA9843C0" attach="left" box="[1308,1316,891,905]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">3</subScript>
|
||||
), and buccal (B
|
||||
<subScript id="690334F7D13DFF9EFA0FFC82FA7943C0" attach="left" box="[1469,1477,891,905]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">4</subScript>
|
||||
) views.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F53836B2D13DFF9EFC16FC64FC7C43FF" blockId="5.[932,1485,758,950]" box="[932,960,925,950]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13DFF9EFC16FC64FC7C43FF" box="[932,960,925,950]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">Ą</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="A1F8663AD13DFF9EFC74FC33FBF34420" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" startId="5.[966,1004,970,989]" targetBox="[104,932,799,1839]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F53836B2D13DFF9EFC74FC33FBF34420" blockId="5.[966,1485,970,1130]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">
|
||||
Fig.6.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13DFF9EFBB7FC32FAC44394" authority="Mantell, 1829" authorityName="Mantell" authorityYear="1829" box="[1029,1400,970,989]" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13DFF9EFBB7FC32FBC84394" box="[1029,1140,971,989]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">Mosasaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
cf.
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13DFF9EFB24FC33FB4E4394" box="[1174,1266,970,989]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">hoffmanni</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="91164B43D13DFF9EFB45FC33FAC44394" author="Mantell, G. A." box="[1271,1400,970,989]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" pagination="201 - 216" refId="ref7241" refString="Mantell, G. A. 1829. A tabular arrangement of the organic remains of the countyofSussex. Transactions of the Geological Society of London (2) 3: 201 - 216." type="journal article" year="1829">Mantell,1829</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,fromthe Upper Campanian opoka at Maruszów.
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13DFF9EFA88FC1FFAF643B0" bold="true" box="[1338,1354,998,1017]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">A</emphasis>
|
||||
. ZPAL R.I/1, left−handsidetoothinBin anterior(A
|
||||
<subScript id="690334F7D13DFF9EFA93FBF2FA954450" attach="left" box="[1313,1321,1035,1049]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">1</subScript>
|
||||
),buccal(A
|
||||
<subScript id="690334F7D13DFF9EFA20FBF2FA264450" attach="left" box="[1426,1434,1035,1049]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">2</subScript>
|
||||
),and posterior (A
|
||||
<subScript id="690334F7D13DFF9EFB87FBDEFB81447C" attach="right" box="[1077,1085,1063,1077]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">3</subScript>
|
||||
) views.
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13DFF9EFB3FFBE6FB20447B" bold="true" box="[1165,1180,1055,1074]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">B</emphasis>
|
||||
. ZPAL R.I/1, three tooth crowns preserved in original jaw position (although jaw bone is not preserved).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F53836B2D13DFF9EFC77FB5FFB09461E" blockId="5.[846,1486,1190,1623]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">
|
||||
Haccourt−Lixhearea(Liège,NEBelgium),suggest that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13DFF9EFB9BFB3FFB024494" authorityName="Mantell" authorityYear="1829" box="[1065,1214,1221,1245]" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13DFF9EFB9BFB3FFB024494" box="[1065,1214,1221,1245]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">M. hoffmanni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or a closely related speciesmadeitsfirstappearanceintheareaearlier. The species is fairly common in the Emael and Nekummembers(MaastrichtFormation,Upper Maastrichtian), in particular in the Eben Emael (Bassenge) area (Liège). The
|
||||
<typeStatus id="2A3C8810D13DFF9EFAA5FA9AFAFA4532" box="[1303,1350,1379,1403]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13DFF9EFAC3FA9AFBB645D3" authorityName="Mantell" authorityYear="1829" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13DFF9EFAC3FA9AFBB645D3" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">M. hoffmanni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(MNHN AC 9648) is from the upper third of the Nekum Member (Bardet and Jagt 1996). The species ranges up to the K/Pg boundary. Reworked tooth crowns have been recorded from the basal Geulhem Member (Houthem Formation) of Early Paleocene age (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="91164B43D13DFF9EFC7EF9C6FB15461E" author="Kuypers, M. M. M. & Jagt, J. W. M. & Peeters, H. H. G. & De Graaf, D. Th. & Dortangs, R. W. & Deckers, M. J. M. & Eysermans, D. & Janssen, M. J. & Arpot, L." box="[972,1193,1599,1623]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" pagination="4 - 47" refId="ref6661" refString="Kuypers, M. M. M., Jagt, J. W. M., Peeters, H. H. G., De Graaf, D. Th., Dortangs, R. W., Deckers, M. J. M., Eysermans, D., Janssen, M. J., and Arpot, L. 1998. Laat-kretaceische mosasauriers uit Luik-Limburg. Nieuwe vondsten leiden tot nieuwe inzichten. Publicaties van het Natuurhistorisch Genootschap in Limburg 41: 4 - 47." type="journal article" year="1998">Kuypers et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F53836B2D13DFF9EFC58F98DFA714701" blockId="5.[812,1486,1652,2026]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">
|
||||
Other records of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13DFF9EFB1DF98DFAFB46C5" authorityName="Mantell" authorityYear="1829" box="[1199,1351,1652,1676]" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13DFF9EFB1DF98DFAFB46C5" box="[1199,1351,1652,1676]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">M. hoffmanni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
include the Upper Campanian to Upper Maastrichtian of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="3743F850D13DFF9EFC77F94AFBF94682" box="[965,1093,1715,1739]" country="United States of America" name="New Jersey" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">New Jersey</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8D907622D13DFF9EFBE6F94AFB324682" box="[1108,1166,1715,1739]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="91164B43D13DFF9EFB16F94BFA894682" author="Mulder, E. W. A." box="[1188,1333,1714,1739]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" pagination="281 - 300" refId="ref7308" refString="Mulder, E. W. A. 1999. TransatlanticlatestCretaceousmosasaurs (Reptilia, Lacertilia) fromtheMaastrichtiantypeareaandNew Jersey. Geologie en Mijnbouw 78: 281 - 300." type="journal article" year="1999">Mulder 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
synonymised
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13DFF9EFC77F92AFA8A46A3" authority="Cope, 1869" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1869" box="[965,1334,1746,1770]" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maximus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13DFF9EFC77F92AFB0E46A3" box="[965,1202,1747,1770]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">Mosasaurus maximus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="91164B43D13DFF9EFB05F92BFA8A46A3" author="Cope, E. D." box="[1207,1334,1746,1770]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" pagination="250 - 266" refId="ref6092" refString="Cope, E. D. 1869. OnthereptilianordersPythonomorphaandStreptosauria. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History 12: 250 - 266." type="journal article" year="1869">Cope,1869</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13DFF9EFAC4F92AFBB64740" authorityName="Mantell" authorityYear="1829" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13DFF9EFAC4F92AFBB64740" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">M. hoffmanni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), the uppermost Maastrichtian of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="3743F850D13DFF9EFA2BF908FC404760" country="United States of America" name="Missouri" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">Missouri</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="91164B43D13DFF9EFBA1F8E8FA874760" author="Campbell, C. & Lee, T." box="[1043,1339,1809,1833]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" refId="ref6006" refString="Campbell, C. and Lee, T. 2001. " Tails of hoffmanni ": mosasaur fossils in tsunamidepositatK / TboundaryofsoutheastMissouri. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 21 (Supplement to 3): 37 A." type="journal volume" year="2001">Campbell and Lee 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), the Maastrichtian of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="3743F850D13DFF9EFBFAF8C9FB104701" box="[1096,1196,1840,1864]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">Alabama</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="91164B43D13DFF9EFB0EF8C9FAE64700" author="Kiernan, C. R." box="[1212,1370,1840,1865]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" pagination="91 - 103" refId="ref6620" refString="Kiernan, C. R. 2002. Stratigraphic distribution and habitat segregation of mosasaurs in the Upper Cretaceous of western and central Alabama, withan [sic] historicalreviewofAlabamamosasaurdiscoveries. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22: 91 - 103." type="journal article" year="2002">Kiernan 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8D907622D13DFF9EFADDF8C9FA714701" box="[1391,1485,1840,1864]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F53836B2D13DFF9EFC9EF8A9FA714721" blockId="5.[812,1486,1652,2026]" box="[812,1485,1872,1896]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="91164B43D13DFF9EFC86F8A9FC6B4721" author="Tzankov, V." box="[820,983,1872,1896]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" pagination="13 - 20" refId="ref7926" refString="Tzankov, V. 1939. Note sur la presence des reptiles fossiles du Cretace superieur de la Bulgarie du Nord. Geologica Balcanica 3: 13 - 20." type="book chapter" year="1939">Tzankov1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;seealsoNikolovandWestphal1976),north−
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F53836B2D13DFF9EFC9EF889FA7047C1" blockId="5.[812,1486,1652,2026]" box="[812,1484,1904,1928]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">
|
||||
ernDenmark(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="91164B43D13DFF9EFC79F889FBEC47C1" author="Bonde, N." box="[971,1104,1904,1928]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" pagination="26 - 30" refId="ref5961" refString="Bonde, N. 1997. En kaempemaessig mosasaur fra Israel. Varv 1: 26 - 30." type="journal article" year="1997">Bonde1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;Jagtpersonalobservation),
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8D907622D13DFF9EFACDF889FA7047C1" box="[1407,1484,1904,1928]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F53836B2D13DFF9EFC9EF868FA7247E0" blockId="5.[812,1486,1652,2026]" box="[812,1486,1937,1961]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8D907622D13DFF9EFC86F868FCCD47E0" box="[820,881,1937,1961]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">Zaire</collectingCountry>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="91164B43D13DFF9EFC26F868FB1E47E0" author="Lingham-Soliar, T." box="[916,1186,1937,1961]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" pagination="259 - 265" refId="ref6930" refString="Lingham-Soliar, T. 1994 b. FirstrecordofmosasaursfromtheMaastrichtian (UpperCretaceous) ofZaire. Palaontologische Zeitschrift 68: 259 - 265." type="journal article" year="1994">Lingham−Soliar 1994b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8D907622D13DFF9EFB71F868FABE47E0" box="[1219,1282,1937,1961]" name="Niger" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">Niger</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="91164B43D13DFF9EFAACF868FA7247E0" author="Lingham-Soliar, T." box="[1310,1486,1937,1961]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" pagination="653 - 670" refId="ref6851" refString="Lingham-Soliar, T. 1991. Mosasaurs from the Upper Cretaceous of Niger. Palaeontology 34: 653 - 670." type="journal article" year="1991">Lingham−Soliar</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F53836B2D13DFF9EFC9EF848FA724780" blockId="5.[812,1486,1652,2026]" box="[812,1486,1969,1993]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">
|
||||
1991),andTurkey(BardetandTunoǧlu2002).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="91164B43D13DFF9EFA94F848FA724780" author="Persson, P. O." box="[1318,1486,1969,1993]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" pagination="431 - 478" refId="ref7537" refString="Persson, P. O. 1959. ReptilesfromtheSenonian (U. Cret.) ofScania (S. Sweden). Arkiv for Mineralogi och Geologi 2: 431 - 478." type="journal article" year="1959">Persson(1959:</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F53836B2D13DFF9EFC9EF82BFA7247A3" blockId="5.[812,1486,1652,2026]" box="[812,1486,2002,2026]" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">
|
||||
462, fig. 10; pl. 15: 1, 2) recorded
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13DFF9EFB1CF82BFADB47A3" authorityName="Mantell" authorityYear="1829" box="[1198,1383,2002,2026]" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="402" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13DFF9EFB1CF82BFB7947A0" box="[1198,1221,2002,2025]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">M</emphasis>
|
||||
. cf.
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13DFF9EFB45F82BFADB47A3" box="[1271,1383,2002,2026]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="402">hoffmanni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F53836B2D13EFF9DFFD4FF10FEC74109" blockId="6.[102,775,232,510]" pageId="6" pageNumber="403">
|
||||
Lower Campanian of southern
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8D907622D13EFF9DFE76FF11FDA34149" box="[452,543,232,256]" name="Sweden" pageId="6" pageNumber="403">Sweden</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. This material, however, refers to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13EFF9DFEB6FEF1FD2C4169" authority="(Persson, 1963)" baseAuthorityName="Persson" baseAuthorityYear="1963" box="[260,656,264,288]" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Tylosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="403" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ivoensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13EFF9DFEB6FEF1FE604169" box="[260,476,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="403">Tylosaurus ivoensis</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="91164B43D13EFF9DFE59FEF1FD3B4169" author="Persson, P. O." box="[491,647,264,288]" pageId="6" pageNumber="403" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref7570" refString="Persson, P. O. 1963. StudiesonMesozoicmarinereptilefaunaswithparticular regardtothePlesiosauria. Publications from the Institutes of Mineralogy, Paleontology and Quaternary Geology, University of Lund 118: 1 - 15." type="journal article" year="1963">Persson, 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="91164B43D13EFF9DFD7BFEF1FED34109" author="Lindgren, J. & Siverson, M." pageId="6" pageNumber="403" pagination="73 - 93" refId="ref6816" refString="Lindgren, J. and Siverson, M. 2002. Tylosaurus ivoensis: a giant mosasaur fromtheearlyCampanianofSweden. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Earth Sciences 93: 73 - 93." type="journal article" year="2002">Lindgren and Siverson 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F53836B2D13EFF9DFF39FEB1FEDC41B7" blockId="6.[102,775,232,510]" pageId="6" pageNumber="403">
|
||||
InEurope,well−documentedremainsof
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13EFF9DFDFAFEB0FD624129" authorityName="Mantell" authorityYear="1829" box="[584,734,328,352]" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="403" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13EFF9DFDFAFEB0FD624129" box="[584,734,328,352]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="403">M. hoffmanni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
appear to be confined to Upper Maastrichtian strata. However, the specimen from Maruszów suggests that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32874D31D13EFF9DFDE3FE71FD5441D6" authorityName="Mantell" authorityYear="1829" box="[593,744,391,415]" class="Reptilia" family="Mosasauridae" genus="Mosasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="403" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoffmanni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F3EAA0D13EFF9DFDE3FE71FD5441D6" box="[593,744,391,415]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="403">M. hoffmanni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or a closely related (ancestral?) species appeared in Europe as earlyastheLateCampanian.Thismaybeconfirmedonlyby more diagnostic finds.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
198
data/AC/06/B1/AC06B12FFFFE872BFFCA79F7FD69A7F8.xml
Normal file
198
data/AC/06/B1/AC06B12FFFFE872BFFCA79F7FD69A7F8.xml
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
|
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<mods:title id="7E1F128DCFDC1B75990B6E2C635D6C40">New artiodactyl ruminant mammal from the late Oligocene of Pakistan</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C83EF12CA2B4D001918AF8FA17F83C27">Antoine, Pierre-Olivier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="26170A19B8B9BE5251E292ABF9354209">Welcomme, Jean-Loup</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DC1E9822A04D1C38EB566AF71A239A2D">Ducrocq, Stéphane</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="E3AF7BBAFFFE872DFFCA79F7FE62A6D7" authorityName="Métais & Antoine & Marivaux & Welcomme & Ducrocq" authorityYear="2003" box="[102,461,1704,1733]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptomerycidae" genus="Palaeohypsodontus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zinensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="16DBDC2BFFFE872DFFCA79F7FE62A6D7" box="[102,461,1704,1733]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Palaeohypsodontus zinensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0DE86150FFFE872DFE7979F6FD95A6D7" box="[469,570,1705,1733]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
Métais
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
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<paragraph id="24100039FFFE872DFFCA798FFE93A6F4" blockId="2.[102,665,1704,1766]" box="[102,316,1744,1766]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">
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<figureCitation id="BC941CBCFFFE872DFFCA798FFF06A6F4" box="[102,169,1744,1766]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[812,844,1949,1968]" captionTargetBox="[812,1484,1184,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 4. Palaeohypsodontus zinensis sp. nov., late Oligocene (Chattian), Lundo J2, Bugti Hills, Balochistan, Pakistan. Holotype (ISEM DBJ2−A1). A. S tereophoto of occlusal view. B. Stereophoto of labial view. Scale bars 1 cm." pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="BC941CBCFFFE872DFF1F798FFF6EA6F4" box="[179,193,1744,1766]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[1072,1105,788,807]" captionTargetBox="[107,1025,229,996]" captionTargetId="figure-601@3.[102,1025,225,1001]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 5. Palaeohypsodontus zinensis sp. nov., late Oligocene (Chattian), Lundo J2, Bugti Hills, Balochistan, Pakistan. A. Left astragalus (ISEM DBJ2−A2) in anterior (A1) and posterior (A2) views. B. Shaft of right metatarsal (ISEM DBJ2−A3) in anterior (B1) and distal (B2) views. All stero−photographs. Scale bars 1 cm." pageId="2" pageNumber="377">5</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<tableCitation id="692D3582FFFE872DFF60798FFEB1A6F4" box="[204,286,1744,1766]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="4.[102,156,236,258]" captionText="Table 1. Measurements of the holotype and referred dentaries of Palaeohypsodontus asiaticus from Tatal Gol (Mongolia), P. cf asiaticus from Ulan Tatal (China), P. zinensis sp. nov. from the Bugti Hills (Pakistan), and the holotype of Hanhaicerus qii from Ulan Tatal (China). Abbreviations: L, length; W(tr), width of trigonid; W(ta), width of talonid; H, height. All measurements are in mm. Asterisks indicate estimates from the figures of the type specimens." pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Tables 1</tableCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<tableCitation id="692D3582FFFE872DFE86798FFE97A6F4" box="[298,312,1744,1766]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="4.[102,157,1340,1362]" captionText="Table 2. Dimensions of the postcranial elements referred to Palaeohypsodontus zinensis sp. nov. L, length; TD, transverse width; APD, dorso−plantar height. All measurements are in mm." pageId="2" pageNumber="377">2</tableCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="24100039FFFE872DFFCA79A9FD8DA73A" blockId="2.[102,775,1782,1922]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="94C70A64FFFE872DFFCA79A9FD8DA73A" collectionCode="ISEM" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" specimenCode="DBJ2, A1" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="16DBDC2BFFFE872DFFCA79A9FF11A71E" box="[102,190,1782,1804]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="FB14BE9BFFFE872DFFCA79A9FF11A71E" box="[102,190,1782,1804]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectionCode id="42BE98FCFFFE872DFF6279A9FEA8A71E" box="[206,263,1782,1804]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">ISEM</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="7409A842FFFE872DFEBC79A9FEE6A71E" box="[272,329,1782,1804]" collectionCode="DBJ" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">DBJ2</specimenCode>
|
||||
−
|
||||
<specimenCode id="7409A842FFFE872DFEF979A9FEC1A71E" box="[341,366,1782,1804]" collectionCode="ISEM" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">A1</specimenCode>
|
||||
, fragmentary right mandible with d4−m1 (only the third lobe of d4 is preserved,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="BC941CBCFFFE872DFE77784DFDBAA73A" box="[475,533,1810,1832]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[812,844,1949,1968]" captionTargetBox="[812,1484,1184,1920]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 4. Palaeohypsodontus zinensis sp. nov., late Oligocene (Chattian), Lundo J2, Bugti Hills, Balochistan, Pakistan. Holotype (ISEM DBJ2−A1). A. S tereophoto of occlusal view. B. Stereophoto of labial view. Scale bars 1 cm." pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="24100039FFFE872DFFCA786BFE37A790" blockId="2.[102,775,1782,1922]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">
|
||||
<emphasis id="16DBDC2BFFFE872DFFCA786BFF62A758" box="[102,205,1844,1866]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||||
: Named in reference of the Zin range which forms a prominent dome in the Bugti Hills’ landscape, especially from the locus where the specimens have been found.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="24100039FFFE872DFFCA78CDFDC8A7F8" blockId="2.[102,774,1938,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">
|
||||
<emphasis id="16DBDC2BFFFE872DFFCA78CDFE9EA7B8" box="[102,305,1938,1962]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Referred material</emphasis>
|
||||
.—Left astragalus (ISEM DBJ2−A2) and right fragmentary metatarsal bone (ISEM DBJ2−A3) cautiously referred to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E3AF7BBAFFFE872DFE99788DFE02A7FB" authorityName="Métais & Antoine & Marivaux & Welcomme & Ducrocq" authorityYear="2003" box="[309,429,2002,2025]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptomerycidae" genus="Palaeohypsodontus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zinensis" status="sp. nov">
|
||||
<emphasis id="16DBDC2BFFFE872DFE99788DFE02A7FB" box="[309,429,2002,2025]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">P. zinensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0DE86150FFFE872DFE18788DFDAAA7FB" box="[436,517,2002,2025]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="BC941CBCFFFE872DFDB8788DFDF6A7F8" box="[532,601,2002,2026]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[1072,1105,788,807]" captionTargetBox="[107,1025,229,996]" captionTargetId="figure-601@3.[102,1025,225,1001]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 5. Palaeohypsodontus zinensis sp. nov., late Oligocene (Chattian), Lundo J2, Bugti Hills, Balochistan, Pakistan. A. Left astragalus (ISEM DBJ2−A2) in anterior (A1) and posterior (A2) views. B. Shaft of right metatarsal (ISEM DBJ2−A3) in anterior (B1) and distal (B2) views. All stero−photographs. Scale bars 1 cm." pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="70D050B1FFFE872DFC8078C2FA32A7FA" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" startId="2.[812,844,1949,1968]" targetBox="[812,1484,1184,1920]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="24100039FFFE872DFC8078C2FA32A7FA" blockId="2.[812,1485,1949,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">
|
||||
Fig. 4.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E3AF7BBAFFFE872DFCC478C2FBF2A7A2" authorityName="Métais & Antoine & Marivaux & Welcomme & Ducrocq" authorityYear="2003" box="[872,1117,1949,1968]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptomerycidae" genus="Palaeohypsodontus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zinensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="16DBDC2BFFFE872DFCC478C2FBF2A7A2" box="[872,1117,1949,1968]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Palaeohypsodontus zinensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0DE86150FFFE872DFBCD78C2FB07A7A2" box="[1121,1192,1949,1968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
, late Oligocene (Chattian), Lundo J2, Bugti Hills, Balochistan, Pakistan. Holotype (ISEM DBJ2−A1).
|
||||
<emphasis id="16DBDC2BFFFE872DFAD878E6FA2BA7DE" bold="true" box="[1396,1412,1977,1996]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">A</emphasis>
|
||||
. S tereophoto of occlusal view.
|
||||
<emphasis id="16DBDC2BFFFE872DFC53788AFBA1A7FA" bold="true" box="[1023,1038,2005,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">B</emphasis>
|
||||
. Stereophoto of labial view. Scale bars 1 cm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="70D050B1FFFF872CFB9C7C4BFB20A3F9" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" startId="3.[1072,1105,788,807]" targetBox="[107,1025,229,996]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="24100039FFFF872CFB9C7C4BFB20A3F9" blockId="3.[1072,1485,788,1003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">
|
||||
Fig. 5.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E3AF7BBAFFFF872CFBD97C4BFAD9A334" authorityName="Métais & Antoine & Marivaux & Welcomme & Ducrocq" authorityYear="2003" box="[1141,1398,788,807]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptomerycidae" genus="Palaeohypsodontus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zinensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="16DBDC2BFFFF872CFBD97C4BFAD9A334" box="[1141,1398,788,807]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">Palaeohypsodontus zinensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0DE86150FFFF872CFAD27C4BFA65A335" box="[1406,1482,788,807]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
, late Oligocene (Chattian), Lundo J2, Bugti Hills, Balochistan, Pakistan.
|
||||
<emphasis id="16DBDC2BFFFF872CFAEB7C14FAF8A34C" bold="true" box="[1351,1367,843,862]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">A</emphasis>
|
||||
. Left astragalus (ISEM DBJ2−A2) in anterior (A
|
||||
<subScript id="B82B027CFFFF872CFA387C2EFA33A36D" attach="left" box="[1428,1436,881,895]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">1</subScript>
|
||||
) and posterior (A
|
||||
<subScript id="B82B027CFFFF872CFB307CD2FB0BA389" attach="left" box="[1180,1188,909,923]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">2</subScript>
|
||||
) views.
|
||||
<emphasis id="16DBDC2BFFFF872CFB437CDBFB51A385" bold="true" box="[1263,1278,900,919]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">B</emphasis>
|
||||
. Shaft of right metatarsal (ISEM DBJ2−A3) in anterior (B
|
||||
<subScript id="B82B027CFFFF872CFADC7CF6FAD7A3A5" attach="left" box="[1392,1400,937,951]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">1</subScript>
|
||||
) and distal (B
|
||||
<subScript id="B82B027CFFFF872CFBCA7C9AFBC1A3C1" attach="left" box="[1126,1134,965,979]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">2</subScript>
|
||||
) views. All stero−photographs. Scale bars 1 cm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="24100039FFFF872CFFCA7B6DFD04A578" blockId="3.[102,775,1074,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">tooth, and despite its advanced wear, it seems to be more brachydont than the first molar. The enamel is thin and the posthypocristid is transversally oriented. The distal extremity of the posthypocristid consists of a bulky structure which forms a distinct pillar in the postero−lingual corner of the tooth. Although the second lobe is broken, a weak ectostylid seems to occur between the latter and the third lobe. As in Miocene pecoran ruminants, the cusps join up in early wear stages, isolating a central cavity between both distal cusps. No cingulum can be distinguished on the rear of d4.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="24100039FFFF872CFF277A2DFF6EA798" blockId="3.[102,775,1074,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">
|
||||
The molar (m1) is rectangular in occlusal outline and twice as long as it is wide. Lingual cusps are strongly compressed transversely and clearly higher than the labial ones, which are much more worn. The lingual wall of the tooth is rather flat. Only a narrow vertical groove occurs between the two lobes. The trigonid and talonid are equal in length but the trigonid is slightly narrower. No ectostylid occurs between the labial and strongly crescent cusps (protoconid and hypoconid). The stylids are not very bulbous, except for the relatively prominent entostylid which forms a postero−lingual pillar on the tooth. There is no trace of a
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E3AF7BBAFFFF872CFDB279EDFD1DA6D8" authorityName="von Meyer" authorityYear="1834" box="[542,690,1714,1738]" class="Mammalia" family="Palaeomerycidae" genus="Palaeomeryx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="16DBDC2BFFFF872CFDB279EDFD1DA6D8" box="[542,690,1714,1738]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">Palaeomeryx</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
fold on the protoconid or
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E3AF7BBAFFFF872CFE96798DFE76A6F8" box="[314,473,1746,1770]" class="Mammalia" family="Tragulidae" genus="Dorcatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="16DBDC2BFFFF872CFE96798DFE76A6F8" box="[314,473,1746,1770]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">Dorcatherium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
fold, but a distinct metastylid occurs on the postmetacristid. This minute cusp extends on the lingual side of the teeth until the base forming a weak pillar. A strong mesial cingulum occurs in front of the tooth. The enamel is smooth. Measurements are provided in
|
||||
<tableCitation id="692D3582FFFF872CFFCA782DFF14A798" box="[102,187,1906,1930]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="4.[102,156,236,258]" captionText="Table 1. Measurements of the holotype and referred dentaries of Palaeohypsodontus asiaticus from Tatal Gol (Mongolia), P. cf asiaticus from Ulan Tatal (China), P. zinensis sp. nov. from the Bugti Hills (Pakistan), and the holotype of Hanhaicerus qii from Ulan Tatal (China). Abbreviations: L, length; W(tr), width of trigonid; W(ta), width of talonid; H, height. All measurements are in mm. Asterisks indicate estimates from the figures of the type specimens." pageId="3" pageNumber="378">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="24100039FFFF872CFF2778CDFBA2A778" blockId="3.[102,775,1074,2026]" lastBlockId="3.[812,1486,1074,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">
|
||||
Postcranial material: two fragmentary postcranial remains (an eroded astragalus ISEM DBJ2−A2, and a fragmentary right metatarsal ISEM DBJ2−A3) were found in the same spot than the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="FB14BE9BFFFF872CFC2B7B6DFC19A458" box="[903,950,1074,1098]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimen and they are thus tentatively referred to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E3AF7BBAFFFF872CFC807B0DFBCAA47B" authorityName="Métais & Antoine & Marivaux & Welcomme & Ducrocq" authorityYear="2003" box="[812,1125,1106,1130]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptomerycidae" genus="Palaeohypsodontus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zinensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="16DBDC2BFFFF872CFC807B0DFBCAA47B" box="[812,1125,1106,1130]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">Palaeohypsodontus zinensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The particular morphology of the astragalus is a key−apomorphy of the order
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E3AF7BBAFFFF872CFA8E7B2DFA00A498" authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1848" box="[1314,1455,1138,1162]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Artiodactyla</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: in addition to the proximal trochlea, which articulates with the tibia, the astragalus also develops a distal trochlea articulating with tarsal bones. ISEM DBJ2−A2 seems to correspond to the size estimate range of the animal predicted from the dental remains (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="692D3582FFFF872CFCD27A4DFC78A538" box="[894,983,1298,1322]" captionStart="Table3" captionStartId="4.[102,157,1590,1612]" captionText="Table3.Comparison of weight estimations of P.zinensissp.nov. and P. asiaticus using the astragalus size (Wastragalus) from the method developed in Martinez and Sudre (1995), and those obtained using the m1 area (Wm1) from Legendre (1989)." pageId="3" pageNumber="378">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||||
). The body mass of both species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E3AF7BBAFFFF872CFADA7A4DFC19A558" authorityName="Trofimov" authorityYear="1958" class="Mammalia" family="Leptomerycidae" genus="Palaeohypsodontus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="16DBDC2BFFFF872CFADA7A4DFC19A558" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">Palaeohypsodontus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has been estimated from the area of the m1 (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="403E7DC8FFFF872CFC9F7A0DFC70A578" author="Legendre, S." box="[819,991,1362,1386]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" pagination="1 - 100" refId="ref6697" refString="Legendre, S. 1989. Les communautes de mammiferes du Paleogene (Eocene superieur et Oligocene) d'Europe Occidentale: structures, milieux et evolution. Munchner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen (A) 16: 1 - 100." type="journal article" year="1989">Legendre 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), and compared with estimates of body mass provided from the size of the astragalus (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="403E7DC8FFFF872CFB5D7A2DFCC9A5B8" author="Martinez, J. - N. & Sudre, J." pageId="3" pageNumber="378" pagination="197 - 209" refId="ref6917" refString="Martinez, J. - N. and Sudre, J. 1995. The astragalus of Paleogene artiodactyls: comparative morphology, variability and prediction of body mass. Lethaia 28: 197 - 209." type="journal article" year="1995">Martinez and Sudre 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<tableCitation id="692D3582FFFF872CFCDF7ACDFC66A5B8" box="[883,969,1426,1450]" captionStart="Table3" captionStartId="4.[102,157,1590,1612]" captionText="Table3.Comparison of weight estimations of P.zinensissp.nov. and P. asiaticus using the astragalus size (Wastragalus) from the method developed in Martinez and Sudre (1995), and those obtained using the m1 area (Wm1) from Legendre (1989)." pageId="3" pageNumber="378">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||||
). We obtained body mass values significantly close enough (about 17.5 kg by using both methods) for considering dental remains and astragalus as belonging to the same species. The trochleas of the astragalus are not aligned, the distal one is shallower and slightly rotated medially with respect to the proximal one. Unfortunately, it is not possible to see if there was a ridge separating the articular surfaces of the cuboid and navicular, because the distal trochlea is badly broken. The sustentacular facet is mediolaterally convex and it occurs on the whole width of the plantar face. A weak ridge medially borders the sustentacular facet as in the astragali of Pecora (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="403E7DC8FFFF872CFC2979ADFB0FA718" author="Martinez, J. - N. & Sudre, J." box="[901,1184,1778,1802]" pageId="3" pageNumber="378" pagination="197 - 209" refId="ref6917" refString="Martinez, J. - N. and Sudre, J. 1995. The astragalus of Paleogene artiodactyls: comparative morphology, variability and prediction of body mass. Lethaia 28: 197 - 209." type="journal article" year="1995">Martinez and Sudre 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). In lateral view, the fibular facet extends along the anterior part of proximal trochlea, but it is limited by an attenuated and longitudinal ridge near the apex of the trochlea.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="24100039FFFF872BFCFE782DFD69A7F8" blockId="3.[812,1486,1074,2026]" lastBlockId="4.[102,775,1874,2026]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="379" pageId="3" pageNumber="378">
|
||||
The shaft of a right metatarsal is broken proximally and the section led to the conclusion that it probably belonged to a juvenile individual, because it lacks the distal epiphysis. The digit III and IV are not completely fused in sectional * indicate estimated values. view. Unfortunately, the state of preservation of the metatarsal gully does not allow us to see if it was open along its entire length, as living in bovids and giraffids, or closed at its distal end by a thin bridge, as in living cervids and moschids (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="403E7DC8FFF8872BFFC1788DFF53A7F8" author="Heintz, E." box="[109,252,2002,2026]" pageId="4" pageNumber="379" pagination="200 - 209" refId="ref6289" refString="Heintz, E. 1963. Les caracteres distinctifs entre metatarses de Cervidae et Bovidae actuels et fossiles. Mammalia 27: 200 - 209." type="journal article" year="1963">Heintz 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Measurements are provided in
|
||||
<tableCitation id="692D3582FFF8872BFDC6788DFD6DA7F8" box="[618,706,2002,2026]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="4.[102,157,1340,1362]" captionText="Table 2. Dimensions of the postcranial elements referred to Palaeohypsodontus zinensis sp. nov. L, length; TD, transverse width; APD, dorso−plantar height. All measurements are in mm." pageId="4" pageNumber="379">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
84
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<mods:title id="073A4402FBCC16AD579CA7A40D578C61">New artiodactyl ruminant mammal from the late Oligocene of Pakistan</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="7E24A44D5ABBFCD19EFB054EB1FB8272">2003-09-30</mods:number>
|
||||
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<mods:number id="2294F1175CE749A4D81F310ABFE61B17">48</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
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|
||||
<mods:number id="130D7F04890B5380516F8F06832DF6B7">3</mods:number>
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||||
</mods:detail>
|
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||||
<mods:start id="43056AF1A9B5AFC32AE37232FD2B5EA5">375</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="D5D8DF88671C9E0926F4B1833A56A671">382</mods:end>
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<treatment id="AC06B12FFFFE872DFFCA7904FD05A68A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13327222" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13327222" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC06B12FFFFE872DFFCA7904FD05A68A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AC06B12FFFFE872DFFCA7904FD05A68A" lastPageNumber="377" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">
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<subSubSection id="6CB553B2FFFE872DFFCA7904FD9CA66A" box="[102,563,1627,1656]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" type="nomenclature">
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<heading id="7F58B755FFFE872DFFCA7904FD9CA66A" box="[102,563,1627,1656]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" reason="9">
|
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<taxonomicName id="E3AF7BBAFFFE872DFFCA7904FD9CA66A" authority="Trofimov, 1958" authorityName="Trofimov" authorityYear="1958" box="[102,563,1627,1656]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptomerycidae" genus="Palaeohypsodontus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="16DBDC2BFFFE872DFFCA7904FECEA66A" box="[102,353,1627,1656]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Palaeohypsodontus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="403E7DC8FFFE872DFEC47904FD9CA66A" author="Trofimov, B. A." box="[360,563,1627,1656]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" pagination="243 - 247" refId="ref7552" refString="Trofimov, B. A. 1958. New Bovidae from the Oligocene of Central Asia. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 2: 243 - 247." type="journal article" year="1958">Trofimov, 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6CB553B2FFFE872DFFCA79DDFD05A68A" box="[102,682,1666,1688]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="24100039FFFE872DFFCA79DDFD05A68A" blockId="2.[102,682,1519,1688]" box="[102,682,1666,1688]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="FB14BE9BFFFE872DFFCA79DDFF38A68A" box="[102,151,1666,1688]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
species:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E3AF7BBAFFFE872DFF4279DDFD09A68A" authority="Trofimov, 1958" authorityName="Trofimov" authorityYear="1958" box="[238,678,1666,1688]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptomerycidae" genus="Palaeohypsodontus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asiaticus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="16DBDC2BFFFE872DFF4279DDFDAAA68A" box="[238,517,1666,1688]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="377">Palaeohypsodontus asiaticus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="403E7DC8FFFE872DFDA779DDFD09A68A" author="Trofimov, B. A." box="[523,678,1666,1688]" pageId="2" pageNumber="377" pagination="243 - 247" refId="ref7552" refString="Trofimov, B. A. 1958. New Bovidae from the Oligocene of Central Asia. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 2: 243 - 247." type="journal article" year="1958">Trofimov, 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
89
data/BD/5C/09/BD5C0945FFD5FFC7FFD8F95CACDE4B81.xml
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89
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<mods:title id="D13E81020F71FE618C372EC581536CD6">Docodonts from the British Mesozoic</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5C6268B128BDF2EDE1025CAC58200032">Sigogneau-Russell, Denise</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="758DC499658134FD3FF0267BA92CEE42">Acta Palaeontologica Polonica</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="1EC12402A4D73053A26B621758104CD7">
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<mods:date id="2147F46F017CFC6CAB065006862AE16A">2003</mods:date>
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<mods:classification id="4F2645B9923CEFEC75301B0F4CA8A8E6">journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment id="BD5C0945FFD5FFC7FFD8F95CACDE4B81" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13327207" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13327207" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BD5C0945FFD5FFC7FFD8F95CACDE4B81" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD5C0945FFD5FFC7FFD8F95CACDE4B81" lastPageNumber="358" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
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<subSubSection id="7DEFEBD8FFD5FFC7FFD8F95CA9AF48D8" box="[102,472,1718,1747]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="354AB853FFD5FFC7FFD8F95CA9AF48D8" blockId="1.[102,472,1718,1781]" box="[102,472,1718,1747]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
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<heading id="6E020F3FFFD5FFC7FFD8F95CA9AF48D8" box="[102,472,1718,1747]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" reason="9">
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<taxonomicName id="F2F5C3D0FFD5FFC7FFD8F95CA91B48D8" authorityName="Sigogneau-Russell" authorityYear="2003" box="[102,364,1718,1747]" class="Mammalia" family="Docodontidae" genus="Borealestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Docodonta" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mussetti" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="07816441FFD5FFC7FFD8F95CA91B48D8" box="[102,364,1718,1747]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Borealestes mussetti</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1CB2D93AFFD5FFC7FECAF95CA9AF48D8" box="[372,472,1718,1746]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="7DEFEBD8FFD5FFC7FFD8F935ACDE4B81" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="354AB853FFD5FFC7FFD8F935A8A548FF" blockId="1.[102,472,1718,1781]" box="[102,210,1759,1781]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="ADCEA4D6FFD5FFC7FFD8F935A8B948FF" box="[102,206,1759,1781]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[102,135,1362,1381]" captionTargetBox="[104,1482,233,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-322@3.[105,1483,225,1329]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. A. Borealestes serendipitus, left M3 of the holotype left lower jaw UBGM 20570, in lingual (A1), labial (A2), and occlusal (A3) views. B. Borealestes serendipitus, left lower molar BMNH J.791 in lingual (B1), labial (B2), anterior (B3), posterior (B4), and occlusal (B5) views. C. Borealestes mussetti sp. nov. holotype right lower molar BMNH J. 495 in lingual (C1), labial (C2), anterior (C3), posterior (C4), and occlusal (C5) views. D. Borealestes mussetti sp. nov. right lower molar BMNH J. 836 in lingual (D1), labial (D2), anterior (D3), posterior (D4), and occlusal (D5) views. Scale bar 1 mm." pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Fig. 2C, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="354AB853FFD5FFC7FFD8F8E2AA7F4914" blockId="1.[102,775,1800,1886]" box="[102,520,1800,1822]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="859DB20EFFD5FFC7FFD8F8E2AA7F4914" box="[102,520,1800,1822]" collectionCode="MNHN" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="07816441FFD5FFC7FFD8F8E2A8C94914" box="[102,190,1800,1822]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="EA4E06F1FFD5FFC7FFD8F8E2A8C94914" box="[102,190,1800,1822]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectionCode id="53E42096FFD5FFC7FF74F8E2A9644914" box="[202,275,1800,1822]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||||
J.495, right lower molar.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="354AB853FFD5FFC7FFD8F8C6AB724954" blockId="1.[102,775,1800,1886]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
|
||||
<emphasis id="07816441FFD5FFC7FFD8F8C6A933494B" box="[102,324,1836,1858]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Derivation of the name</emphasis>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F2F5C3D0FFD5FFC7FEEFF8C6A9D7494B" authorityName="Sigogneau-Russell" authorityYear="2003" box="[337,416,1836,1857]" class="Mammalia" family="Docodontidae" genus="Borealestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Docodonta" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mussetti">
|
||||
<emphasis id="07816441FFD5FFC7FEEFF8C6A9D7494B" box="[337,416,1836,1857]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">mussetti</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, to acknowledge the major participation of Dr. Frances Mussett in the accumulation of the Kirtlington fauna.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="354AB853FFD5FFC7FFD8F898AC774A53" blockId="1.[102,775,1906,2026]" lastBlockId="1.[812,1485,1057,1113]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
|
||||
<emphasis id="07816441FFD5FFC7FFD8F898A8844980" box="[102,243,1906,1930]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Molariforms</emphasis>
|
||||
.—BMNH J.1 (right posterior fragment), J.239 (right), J.319 (right), J.389 (right posterior fragment), J.401 (right posterior fragment), J.835 (right posterior fragment), J.836 (right),?J.66 (left posterior fragment),?J.224, (left anterior fragment),?J.394 (left posterior fragment),?J.809 (left anterior fragment).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="354AB853FFD5FFC7FC92FB80AC3A4AA8" blockId="1.[812,1485,1130,1186]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
|
||||
<emphasis id="07816441FFD5FFC7FC92FB80ABC24A88" box="[812,949,1130,1154]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||||
.—Clay band, Kirtlington mammal bed in Forest Marble; upper Bathonian.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="354AB853FFD5FFC7FC92FB5EACDE4B81" blockId="1.[812,1485,1203,1420]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
|
||||
<emphasis id="07816441FFD5FFC7FC92FB5EABE94AC1" box="[812,926,1204,1227]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||||
.—Lower molars differ from those of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F2F5C3D0FFD5FFC7FAEEFB59AB154AE1" authorityName="Waldman and Savage" authorityYear="1972" class="Mammalia" family="Docodontidae" genus="Borealestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Docodonta" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="serendipitus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="07816441FFD5FFC7FAEEFB59AB154AE1" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">B.serendipitus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by being slightly larger; antero−basal crest very weak and horizontally oriented, or even absent. Mesio−lingual cusp slightly more developed. Presence of antero−main crest; hence lingual face of main cusp with two parts, one being parallel to long axis of the tooth. Presence of anterior lingual cingulid. Posterior groove deeper.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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Reference in a new issue