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<document id="D9B00EE5EDE9360D0E0A0B88FA2B1879" ID-DOI="10.3897/fr.27.e125460" ID-ZooBank="09729723-9CEC-4FBF-B0B1-FB8103534379" ID-publisher-id="125460" URI-arpha="2CB3E290-131D-5E15-A8A9-D678E2CCA8EC" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/09729723-9CEC-4FBF-B0B1-FB8103534379" XM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" XM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" XM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="admin" XM.treatments_approvedBy="admin" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1735585647096" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Werneburg, Ralf & Witzmann, Florian" docDate="2024" docId="158AB086580C5A74B905A1B2341DE949" docLanguage="en" docName="Fossil Record 27(3): 353-380" docOrigin="Fossil Record 27 (3)" docSource="https://fr.pensoft.net/article/125460/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Eryopidae Cope 1882" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="380" masterDocId="2CB3E290131D5E15A8A9D678E2CCA8EC" masterDocTitle="The last eryopids: Clamorosaurus and Syndyodosuchus from the late Kungurian (Cisuralian, Permian) of Russia revisited" masterLastPageNumber="380" masterPageNumber="353" pageNumber="353" updateTime="1735598926515" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:titleInfo id="4C14694B291B4CD2E164C01F2C96246C">
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<mods:title id="E5303BE9B2329D603884266436AD520F">The last eryopids: Clamorosaurus and Syndyodosuchus from the late Kungurian (Cisuralian, Permian) of Russia revisited</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0A5533B380FE92A69DB78FBDA7F20EC3">Werneburg, Ralf</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E98B61D7FC9C73DD651EE46EBBDCFF28">NaturHistorisches Museum Schloss Bertholdsburg Schleusingen, Burgstrasse 6, D- 98553 Schleusingen, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D5A69A5C8BE61FD539D6AFA61669DFCF">Witzmann, Florian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="34DD3507E6EB346E28AA783B6755EB16">Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstraße 43, D- 10115 Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="346AD427CBFA59334758D3747BA9A980">Fossil Record</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="367FD95F69A5EB8E1AD135C097611057">
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<mods:date id="2A1676186C711E8B9130932C32C1910E">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DA2537FEE61A29D479F9B37786C30894">2024-12-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E92836646BCFDB523F4487A4C6A43570">27</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B48E3E4B27705D71FDDB6A9CFCA79A3A">3</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="37F611EC57981C6ABDC7C4839D52DC91">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="3DA6664E4C92DE502F0D016C43A16BFB" type="DOI">10.3897/fr.27.e125460</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="125D5C5DFA84144FD62C227F70A75970" type="ZooBank">09729723-9CEC-4FBF-B0B1-FB8103534379</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="158AB086580C5A74B905A1B2341DE949" ID-arpha="158AB086-580C-5A74-B905-A1B2341DE949" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:158AB086580C5A74B905A1B2341DE949" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/158AB086580C5A74B905A1B2341DE949" scope_class="Amphibia" scope_order="Temnospondyli">
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<subSubSection id="A43088E8EBA46AA602C4912635D4ACCA" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="040F19271743548FE5417767BAE2D06A">
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<taxonomicName id="5EAA4A8BF1C16AA3B6384A96E9C8CC15" authority="Cope, 1882" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1882" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
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Eryopidae
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<bibRefCitation id="7F91657D8145B5DE7E82C79609DD1A92" DOI="10.1086/273100" author="Cope ED" journalOrPublisher="American Nature" pagination="334-335" refId="B4" refString="Cope ED (1882) The rhachitomous Stegocephala. American Nature 16: 334 - 335. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 273100" title="The rhachitomous Stegocephala." volume="16" year="1882">Cope, 1882</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||||
</paragraph>
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||||
</subSubSection>
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||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0ERRAE" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="796D138A6C2009BA400116E83967711D">
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<heading id="3E2A045671AC2E5D924FB4CEB5E2E73C" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="503B7CD657DDF36E90ABCA20D5D485E5">
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Synapomorphies (from
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<bibRefCitation id="743CDA8C04D93E7E80143FEEF42851BF" DOI="10.1017/jpa.2023.58" author="Werneburg" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Werneburg" issue="6" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Paleontology" pagination="1251-1281" refId="B45" refString="Werneburg R, Witzmann F, Rinehart L, Fischer J, Voigt S (2023) A new eryopid temnospondyl from the Carboniferous – Permian boundary of Germany. Journal of Paleontology 97 (6): 1251–1281. https://doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2023.58" title="A new eryopid temnospondyl from the Carboniferous - Permian boundary of Germany." volume="97" year="2023">Werneburg et al. 2023</bibRefCitation>
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, after
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||||
<bibRefCitation id="E1A018E97AC2A8F1DC0188869D1E1763" author="Sawin" firstAuthor="Sawin" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard College" pagination="405-464" refId="B24" refString="Sawin HJ (1941) The cranial anatomy of Eryops megacephalus. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard College 88: 405–464." title="The cranial anatomy of Eryops megacephalus." volume="88" year="1941">Sawin 1941</bibRefCitation>
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||||
;
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<bibRefCitation id="A3D2623914F9027AC73D7536B3E1D6EB" author="Romer" firstAuthor="Romer" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology Harvard" pagination="1-367" refId="B21" refString="Romer AS (1947) Review of the Labyrinthodontia. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology Harvard 99: 1–367." title="Review of the Labyrinthodontia." volume="99" year="1947">Romer 1947</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
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<bibRefCitation id="6EEAE1C679B14078621899678537372F" DOI="10.1007/BF02985720" author="Boy" firstAuthor="Boy" journalOrPublisher="Paläontologische Zeitschrift" pagination="287-312" refId="B1" refString="Boy JA (1990) Über einige Vertreter der Eryopoidea (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) aus dem europäischen Rotliegend (? höchstes Karbon-Perm). 3. Onchiodon. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 64: 287–312. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02985720" title="Über einige Vertreter der Eryopoidea (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) aus dem europäischen Rotliegend (? höchstes Karbon-Perm). 3. Onchiodon." volume="64" year="1990">Boy 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A731312DE0BDB08A8255F415BD40650A" author="Milner" firstAuthor="Milner" journalOrPublisher="Acta Musei Reginaehradecensis" pagination="131-137" refId="B16" refString="Milner AR (1989) The relationships of the eryopoid – grade temnospondyl amphibians from the Permian of Europe. Acta Musei Reginaehradecensis 22: 131–137." title="The relationships of the eryopoid - grade temnospondyl amphibians from the Permian of Europe." volume="22" year="1989">Milner 1989</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="29348E1AF0CF2B3A9B39079C9361EA58" DOI="10.1093/oso/9780198577188.003.0015" author="Milner" editor="Taylor PD & Larwood GP" firstAuthor="Milner" journalOrPublisher="Systematics Association Special Volume" pagination="321-349" refId="B17" refString="Milner AR (1990) Chapter 15. The radiations of temnospondyl amphibians. In: Taylor PD, Larwood GP (Eds) Major Evolutionary Radiations. Systematics Association Special Volume 42: 321–349. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198577188.003.0015" title="Chapter 15. The radiations of temnospondyl amphibians." volume="42" volumeTitle="Major Evolutionary Radiations." year="1990">1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E49DA052B782AB29AF628313F9A7AF86" DOI="10.1016/S0016-6995(99)80009-6" author="Werneburg and Steyer" firstAuthor="Werneburg" issue="4" journalOrPublisher="Geobios" pagination="599-607" refId="B42" refString="Werneburg R, Steyer JS (1999) Redescription of the holotype of Actinodon frossardi (Amphibian, Temnospondyli) from the Lower Rotliegend of the Autun Basin (Lower Permian, France). Geobios 32 (4): 599–607. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-6995 (99) 80009-6" title="Redescription of the holotype of Actinodon frossardi (Amphibian, Temnospondyli) from the Lower Rotliegend of the Autun Basin (Lower Permian, France)." volume="32" year="1999">Werneburg and Steyer 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D737A7747BE55E611200389EFEDF7F40" DOI="10.1127/njgpa/232/2004/315" author="Schoch and Hampe" firstAuthor="Schoch" journalOrPublisher="Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie" pagination="315-323" refId="B26" refString="Schoch RR, Hampe O (2004) An eryopid-like temnospondyl from the Lower Rotliegend Meisenheim Formation of the Saar-Nahe Basin. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie 232: 315–323. https://doi.org/10.1127/njgpa/232/2004/315" title="An eryopid-like temnospondyl from the Lower Rotliegend Meisenheim Formation of the Saar-Nahe Basin." volume="232" year="2004">Schoch and Hampe 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="CC979DA79FE1D8C382DD0D4C6F36520D" author="Werneburg" firstAuthor="Werneburg" journalOrPublisher="Veröffentlichungen Naturhistorisches Museum Schleusingen" pagination="3-40" refId="B40" refString="Werneburg R (2007) Der “ Manebacher Saurier ” – ein neuer großer Eryopide (Onchiodon) aus dem Rotliegend (Unter-Perm) des Thüringer Waldes. Veröffentlichungen Naturhistorisches Museum Schleusingen 22: 3–40." title="Der “ Manebacher Saurier ” - ein neuer großer Eryopide (Onchiodon) aus dem Rotliegend (Unter-Perm) des Thüringer Waldes." volume="22" year="2007">Werneburg 2007</bibRefCitation>
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||||
;
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||||
<bibRefCitation id="2EFC3091F838121CC30E1886DAA8A5A5" DOI="10.2992/007.081.0103" author="Werneburg and Berman" firstAuthor="Werneburg" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Annals of Carnegie Museum" pagination="45-72" refId="B43" refString="Werneburg R, Berman DS (2012) Revision of the aquatic eryopid temnospondyl Glaukerpeton avinoffi Romer, 1952, from the Upper Pennsylvanian of North America. Annals of Carnegie Museum 81 (1): 45–72. https://doi.org/10.2992/007.081.0103" title="Revision of the aquatic eryopid temnospondyl Glaukerpeton avinoffi Romer, 1952, from the Upper Pennsylvanian of North America." volume="81" year="2012">Werneburg and Berman 2012</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="3D7B33A8963782FBB7188968BF8D0E01" author="Schoch and Milner" firstAuthor="Schoch" journalOrPublisher="Friedrich Pfeil, Munich" refId="B31" refString="Schoch RR, Milner AR (2014) Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology, Part 3 A 2, Temnospondyli I. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, Munich, 150 pp." title="Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology, Part 3 A 2, Temnospondyli I. Verlag Dr." year="2014">Schoch and Milner 2014</bibRefCitation>
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): (1) Enlarged choana medially wide; (2) Ectopterygoid, palatine and vomer only with two or three fangs (without subsequent smaller teeth); (3) Lacrimal reaches anteriorly to the naris or septomaxilla; (4) Enlarged posterior width of skull (pS
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<subScript id="538849DEA56C296F649B203FB61F64F0">w</subScript>
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/ S
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<subScript id="B97F6BC8DB9DE2C2782F7A5F0C2DCE88">l</subScript>
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= 0.92–1.10; compare Fig.
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<figureCitation id="7A8985848EDA132F93624B4527C8D48F" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Reconstructed eryopid skull roof with measured distances. Abbreviations: aS w, anterior width of skull at level of maxilla-premaxilla sutures; H l, postorbital midline length of skull from level of posterior margins of orbits; H w, postorbital width of skull between lateral margins of supratemporals; IN w, minimum internarial width; IO w, minimum interorbital width; J w, transverse width of jugal at maximum lateral lacrimal extent of orbit; La l, maximum length of lacrimal; La w, maximum transverse width of lacrimal; mS w, midlength width of skull at midlength level of orbits; O l, maximum length of orbit; p, number of dermal skull pits or valleys per inch 2 (6.452 cm 2) mainly from frontal and jugal at midlength level of orbits; PO l, preorbital midline length of skull from level of anterior margins of orbits; Po l, maximum posterior length of postorbital from posteriormost extent of orbit; Po w, maximum transverse width of postorbital at contribution to orbital margin; pS w, maximum posterior width of skull at level of posterolateral margins of cheeks; S l, midline skull length; Th l, length of tabular horn region between levels of posterior tabular corner and occipital midline margin; W w, maximum transverse width of cheek from lateral margin of supratemporal anterior to otic notch." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208656">2</figureCitation>
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); (5) Posterior part of the cultriform process widened (partly); (6) Interclavicle of adults proportionally small and broadly-ovate in outline; (7) Ilium with vertically directed dorsal process, which is anteroposteriorly widened dorsally.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="814EC0FB2B43774832EF417B3547DD9F">
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All three species to be revised,
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<taxonomicName id="36F906BF75ABC0A1B018892F72DEDCD0" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nocturnus">
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<emphasis id="67EE2AA8187B479D9B90F0207734FDFD" italics="true">Clamorosaurus nocturnus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="DFC5E702BDC4E6AF07FD7B16C455DFC0" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
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<emphasis id="56DB165642A147FBF263807DAFDCFDA2" italics="true">C. borealis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="A5A17FC4A04F98CB2E2CBD5296163CE8" class="Amphibia" family="Intasuchidae" genus="Syndyodosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tetricus">
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<emphasis id="1E1FDB9478D0FBF0853B4405B9074504" italics="true">Syndyodosuchus tetricus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, fulfill the first four criteria of the family diagnosis. The fifth diagnostic feature is not present in all eryopid genera, only in
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<taxonomicName id="C3232362A344500CE8A08F608A251F37" baseAuthorityName="Warren" baseAuthorityYear="2007" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Eryops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B0FB288DF2FA9102A6DAFCD649964ED4" italics="true">Eryops</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="3D4AB5999592877732AF02F98B430A4E" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Onchiodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="E1CD5F8C556803D8F0A96DC2F9E1A443" italics="true">Onchiodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The sixth and seventh diagnostic features concern the interclavicle and ilium, which have not been recorded in all three species. In this respect, all these species can be assigned to the family
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<taxonomicName id="DBAF3C49C8B1FB5A13A8043CB8DF401E" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1882" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Eryopidae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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<mods:namePart id="0CF9D79262F4B0FA9D8AAF57DF9DCF2F">Werneburg, Ralf</mods:namePart>
|
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<mods:affiliation id="E41C3A9E3E3B57F311C36BA9174B6368">NaturHistorisches Museum Schloss Bertholdsburg Schleusingen, Burgstrasse 6, D- 98553 Schleusingen, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
|
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<mods:namePart id="88241A6BECC6C7C3B9A3B79D458150EA">Witzmann, Florian</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="056C5E1B48C0FEEE8182EF9A8937508E">Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstraße 43, D- 10115 Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="B889DB58A3FB2F4F4069CEC4B943CEF1">Fossil Record</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="90E5CEE694EA6C60179EE276CFF851E6">
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<mods:date id="9501FDF877BFFE3190CF199E46E99A0E">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="624050BEDA574B63A17AB53EED34A305">2024-12-30</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="22B5B545F43B8460EA59F1FCC7DF1D73" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="5FD50555C08ED4C4B704C9F1F7CF5DE7">27</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B24955E46FF9814D894DA745D353FC52">3</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="882C37EF22E78728D303849707DDA39C">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="3889A879B5E451CA66CA4E795668C02E" type="DOI">10.3897/fr.27.e125460</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="371D5585DF01E5453A8BA951D67D4EBD" type="ZooBank">09729723-9CEC-4FBF-B0B1-FB8103534379</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="4A7926CDA7EB5F5089735786542DF4B2" ID-arpha="4A7926CD-A7EB-5F50-8973-5786542DF4B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4A7926CDA7EB5F5089735786542DF4B2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4A7926CDA7EB5F5089735786542DF4B2" scope_class="Amphibia" scope_family="Eryopidae" scope_order="Temnospondyli">
|
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<subSubSection id="809F1AC500B47DA92E960BB9B9FFAA7A" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="433DD17F15BFA7D03FE299A40F90D8E6">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8B39EB3134C9F1CD81695E6B6D77B757" authority="Konzhukova, 1956" authorityName="Konzhukova" authorityYear="1956" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Syndyodosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2EDF62FEC17C7FE09BC1E70D7E25A99D" italics="true">Syndyodosuchus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A1D746C641619A31C836FC4942BBD4A3" author="Konzhukova ED" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR" pagination="5-50" refId="B11" refString="Konzhukova ED (1956) The Intan Lower Permian fauna of the northern Ural region. Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR 62: 5 - 50. [in Russian]" title="The Intan Lower Permian fauna of the northern Ural region." volume="62" year="1956">Konzhukova, 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EWGCI" type="type_taxon">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F331F8F4E93311D751E863205E6242C8">
|
||||
<heading id="CC55473B69B6AD38C4A3A4AFF7589277" reason="title">Type species.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="076A1294462EEC1846783FE2992D4439">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EEFF979F438F4CE8BB3CBC3FD79E4263" authority="Konzhukova, 1956" authorityName="Konzhukova" authorityYear="1956" class="Amphibia" family="Intasuchidae" genus="Syndyodosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tetricus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5D9A703A441E023402B8C5FEF45358F7" italics="true">Syndyodosuchus tetricus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="12A032AF6D1FFEFDAECB76165A8F5BC8" author="Konzhukova ED" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR" pagination="5-50" refId="B11" refString="Konzhukova ED (1956) The Intan Lower Permian fauna of the northern Ural region. Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR 62: 5 - 50. [in Russian]" title="The Intan Lower Permian fauna of the northern Ural region." volume="62" year="1956">Konzhukova, 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EHHCI" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="70521F1382C8CDA2FB6DE2F9CB4ED5F0">
|
||||
<heading id="079C28AC6A6A7E1A7C8ECD967D9AA601" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B7321CED46217BA41ECD65C768E7C987">As for species by monotypy.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EMHCI" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="EC36911B6448D09FC5D83AA2B29B69D7">
|
||||
<heading id="606EFDCA8FA53DD7E9BE3C536EAC5F91" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="42651064128867F9B99E694DD33604BD">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FA64312A8E86428A3680886781EAC618" authorityName="Konzhukova" authorityYear="1956" class="Amphibia" family="Intasuchidae" genus="Syndyodosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F100A6574D81AA3846370BC7BD999B63" italics="true">Syndyodosuchus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was interpreted as a basal stereospondylomorph by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D737027F3B8A71FF90CCDE360F03A08A" author="Konzhukova ED" firstAuthor="Konzhukova" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR" pagination="5-50" refId="B11" refString="Konzhukova ED (1956) The Intan Lower Permian fauna of the northern Ural region. Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR 62: 5–50. [in Russian]" title="The Intan Lower Permian fauna of the northern Ural region." volume="62" year="1956">Konzhukova (1956)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5B93297DC42AC45D01D05AA93BBD8968" author="Gubin YM" firstAuthor="Gubin" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Paleontologicheskiy zhurnal" pagination="118-120" refId="B7" refString="Gubin YM (1984) On the systematic position of the intasuchids. Paleontologicheskiy zhurnal 1984 (2): 118–120. [in Russian]" title="On the systematic position of the intasuchids." volume="1984" year="1984">Gubin (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and all later workers (e. g.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A71B611767C2A8BAFBFBBB9AB661A3DA" author="Shishkin" editor="Benton MJ & Shishkin MA & Unwin DM & Kurochkin EN" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Shishkin" journalOrPublisher="Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK" pagination="35-59" refId="B35" refString="Shishkin MA, Novikov IV, Gubin YM (2000) Permian and Triassic temnospondyls from Russia. In: Benton MJ, Shishkin MA, Unwin DM, Kurochkin EN (Eds) The age of dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 35–59." title="Permian and Triassic temnospondyls from Russia." volumeTitle="The age of dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia." year="2000">Shishkin et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9DCC8E2FFD7022AB4AA340A9875D5BC7" author="Schoch and Milner" firstAuthor="Schoch" journalOrPublisher="Friedrich Pfeil, Munich" refId="B30" refString="Schoch RR, Milner AR (2000) Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology, Part 3 B, Stereospondyli. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, Munich, 203 pp." title="Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology, Part 3 B, Stereospondyli. Verlag Dr." year="2000">Schoch and Milner 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) followed this assignment. However,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4E777CAD5A4D515C350FD11D0FD403D5" authorityName="Konzhukova" authorityYear="1956" class="Amphibia" family="Intasuchidae" genus="Syndyodosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="52D7F77E7A984E3F7743177344EC6A99" italics="true">Syndyodosuchus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
bears the first four characters listed in the eryopid diagnosis (see above).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
1036
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1036
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Load diff
865
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Normal file
865
data/83/28/7D/83287D7DBCCF59C0ADAA226C43DE935F.xml
Normal file
|
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@ -0,0 +1,865 @@
|
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<mods:title id="D76849BC1A0C07513079DD670EF5C289">The last eryopids: Clamorosaurus and Syndyodosuchus from the late Kungurian (Cisuralian, Permian) of Russia revisited</mods:title>
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<treatment id="83287D7DBCCF59C0ADAA226C43DE935F" ID-arpha="83287D7D-BCCF-59C0-ADAA-226C43DE935F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:83287D7DBCCF59C0ADAA226C43DE935F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/83287D7DBCCF59C0ADAA226C43DE935F" scope_class="Amphibia" scope_family="Eryopidae" scope_order="Temnospondyli">
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<subSubSection id="1213C717E23850E424292C98C889CA43" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="457F0140175718574AABCB7E782B76A0">
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<taxonomicName id="7B33947356E39E33ACCBE40F60AC93F8" authority="Konzhukova, 1956" authorityName="Konzhukova" authorityYear="1956" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Syndyodosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tetricus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C10280E2312D8FB3348154209D0553A0" italics="true">Syndyodosuchus tetricus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="BB38A860EA96B6B27E2DC37A3D6FE77B" author="Konzhukova ED" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR" pagination="5-50" refId="B11" refString="Konzhukova ED (1956) The Intan Lower Permian fauna of the northern Ural region. Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR 62: 5 - 50. [in Russian]" title="The Intan Lower Permian fauna of the northern Ural region." volume="62" year="1956">Konzhukova, 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="D5FE78E138A30174C6931333E885DF62" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E912C582B08A39F1A8C061C315F03AE1">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="EC0BFEA1392BCD495176A8E389E237ED" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Syndyodosuchus tetricus Konzhukova, 1956, holotype PIN 570 / 40 with skull roof in dorsal view (A, B), from the Ufimian Intinskaya Svita (late Kungurian, Permian) of Inta (coal mine at ‘ Greater Inta River’, Komi Republic, Russia). Abbreviations: f, frontal; j, jugal; l, lacrimal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; ol, occipital lamella; p, parietal; pm, premaxilla; po, postorbital; pp, postparietal; prf, prefrontal; ptf, postfrontal; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; sq, squamosal; st, supratemporal; t, tabular." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208664">Figs 10</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1C2B6358D4CBB85BD23229D047CB0B73" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Syndyodosuchus tetricus Konzhukova, 1956, holotype PIN 570 / 40 with palate in ventral view and premaxilla plus maxilla in lateral view (A, B), from the Ufimian Intinskaya Svita (late Kungurian, Permian) of Inta (coal mine at ‘ Greater Inta River’, Komi Republic, Russia). Abbreviations: aci, foramen for carotid artery; bp, basal plate of parasphenoid; ch, choane; cp, cultriform process; ec, ectopterygoid; ept, epipterygoid; pq, paraquadrate foramen of quadratojugal; j, jugal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; o, orbita; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; pt, pterygoid; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; stp, stapes; v, vomer." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208665">11</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="92AA30B3F5E041C2D7F9A9386394FB8A" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Syndyodosuchus tetricus Konzhukova, 1956, further specimens, a right-anterior part of a skull with choana (PIN 570 / 6) in ventral view (A, B), and dorsolateral view (C), and an anterior dentary with symphyseal tusk in labial view (D) and lingual view (E), from the Ufimian Intinskaya Svita (late Kungurian, Permian) of Inta (coal mine at ‘ Greater Inta River’, Komi Republic, Russia) (PIN 570 / 41). Abbreviations: ch, choana; m, maxilla; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; v, vomer." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208666">12</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="9944EB85063E35574DEADC0D25ACD3BE" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Syndyodosuchus tetricus Konzhukova, 1956, tentative reconstruction of the skull roof in dorsal view (A), and of the palate in ventral view (B). Abbreviations: aci, foramen for carotid artery; bp, basal plate of parasphenoid; ch, choane; cp, cultriform process; ec, ectopterygoid; ept, epipterygoid; f, frontal; j, jugal; l, lacrimal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; p, parietal; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; po, postorbital; pp, postparietal; prf, prefrontal; pt, pterygoid; ptf, postfrontal; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; sm, septomaxilla; sq, squamosal; st, supratemporal; t, tabular; v, vomer." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208667">13</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="CEB315E79FA8819EF496CECC617CD4EF" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Comparison of the revised Russian eryopid skulls in dorsal and palatal view, Clamorosaurus nocturnus (A, B), Clamorosaurus borealis (C, D), Syndyodosuchus tetricus (E, F). Abbreviations: aci, foramen for carotid artery; bp, basal plate of parasphenoid; ch, choane; cp, cultriform process; ec, ectopterygoid; ept, epipterygoid; f, frontal; faci, furrows for carotid artery; j, jugal; l, lacrimal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; p, parietal; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; po, postorbital; pp, postparietal; prf, prefrontal; pt, pterygoid; ptf, postfrontal; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; sm, septomaxilla; sq, squamosal; st, supratemporal; t, tabular; v, vomer." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208668">14 E, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EJKCI" type="Holotype">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D82D1FB23C39C9E4AEF8D945F8D26F49">
|
||||
<heading id="47C9A4F0C5000D51FE1F6AEBCB9D6807" reason="title">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="9AACA7E55C20A5B59C0B67E4F160DF4E" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A36E2D1B5CA5A7B7613E3D87C399DFCA">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="28CFFFFB26F2538CF771B6CACAF433EB" collectionCode="PIN" specimenCode="PIN 570/40" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<specimenCode id="56F547BA2F93EE2DD9187CE1010C2643" collectionCode="PIN" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kjjc-ziy5" name="Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" type="">
|
||||
<named-content id="54F510409879EF8BF469DF66F040A08B" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/paleontological-institute-russian-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Paleontological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Moscow">PIN</named-content>
|
||||
570/40
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
, consisting of the skull in dorsal and palatal view (skull length
|
||||
<quantity id="85C074A2CFDAA78F345A24AE4F28EF35" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6199999999999999" unit="cm" value="16.2">16.2 cm</quantity>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0ETKCI" type="material">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B0B48E2B2C34B7D5B3B9C7A61D0E216B">
|
||||
<heading id="B306A45F7D235E3CAD7F9CF8E796C3AA" reason="title">Other material from different individuals.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4BB597F9347518697D0521A978378FA0">
|
||||
<specimenCode id="C58FBF2A91217C5D0792729D2BDA18CB">
|
||||
<named-content id="35D4DD1F9568B29904CA4BA92C85180C" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/paleontological-institute-russian-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Paleontological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Moscow">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="FADE9A1280DD8BEDD2572A6BF08533C1" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kjjc-ziy5" name="Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" type="">PIN</collectionCode>
|
||||
</named-content>
|
||||
570/6
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
, consisting of a right anterolateral skull edge;
|
||||
<specimenCode id="C6A2839123534FB77068309BCEC6A406">
|
||||
<named-content id="AD881F97B772AD18693AD383C853C31A" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/paleontological-institute-russian-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Paleontological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Moscow">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="0FAC8D1E4577C0E6A9347477CC6B2F87" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kjjc-ziy5" name="Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" type="">PIN</collectionCode>
|
||||
</named-content>
|
||||
570/41
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
, consisting of a right anterior dentary;
|
||||
<specimenCode id="739B3E19BE10007756912D810B9EEF73">
|
||||
<named-content id="E486B36409AC4DFDEC10844D8D1CF63A" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/paleontological-institute-russian-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Paleontological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Moscow">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="7CE45E0FF33DBCA31102D29AA09C3BDC" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kjjc-ziy5" name="Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" type="">PIN</collectionCode>
|
||||
</named-content>
|
||||
570/2
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
, consisting of a poorly preserved skull of about
|
||||
<quantity id="53425E0AD161DBE52AE290CE46958F76" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="cm" value="17.0">17 cm</quantity>
|
||||
length;
|
||||
<specimenCode id="402EA6085F0C9D7461034F2131865EAB">
|
||||
<named-content id="0962F71B6D6B6C191EB254A59C095B8D" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/paleontological-institute-russian-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Paleontological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Moscow">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="BB51A552CD859CEB59A5499EDD548D20" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kjjc-ziy5" name="Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" type="">PIN</collectionCode>
|
||||
</named-content>
|
||||
570/3
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
, consisting of an indeterminable bone.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EJLCI" type="Occurrence">
|
||||
<paragraph id="4AFE1D743710DAD70F25FEDDEE429CC4">
|
||||
<heading id="4250BBC6C6EBEEA48FFB44FA77D53B46" reason="title">Occurrence.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C58DF37A1B0F840859C5D77AF98DEDBB">
|
||||
The material of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5BD362B6C4FC9740FB1570CAD00A0B19" authorityName="Konzhukova" authorityYear="1956" class="Amphibia" family="Intasuchidae" genus="Syndyodosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1B3BDB7A9AC24E65552986FFFD4B4352" italics="true">Syndyodosuchus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was found together with that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="924DF05C3F81CE71C99AED46171E5CA6" authorityName="Konzhukova" authorityYear="1953" class="Amphibia" family="Intasuchidae" genus="Intasuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="28BAAF17C527293748783AE03D519A70" italics="true">Intasuchus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
near the ‘ Greater Inta River’ in about
|
||||
<quantity id="CEA42684A5C48FD1D3004909373A8AE2" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
|
||||
depth in coal beds of a mine from the Ufimian Intinskaya Svita, late Kungurian (Cisuralian, Permian).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0E4LCI" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1C13CC4CB288FC84ECC78372B56FA8D3">
|
||||
<heading id="9811DAAD899F6BE7EC185301E477A27D" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="05AEF81017FBFD91479CFD7045CB5011">
|
||||
Autapomorphies: (1) Tabular tiny in length and width; (2) Internarial width is very large (INw / Sl = 0.32); (3) Postorbital very narrow (Po
|
||||
<subScript id="7C3F4DE40A5C04DD12E9B1ABA041E696">w</subScript>
|
||||
/ Po
|
||||
<subScript id="24FB7A1DE74C37FF3F74B3AE03D1BEC7">l</subScript>
|
||||
= 0.54).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4C53EFF685732ACA051E6F9550CF7C1B">
|
||||
Synapomorphies with some of the eryopids: (1) Density of sculpture pattern quantified as the number of pits per in
|
||||
<superScript id="8BE7CC6B10B36AFAB45FB0E00BC4FEB8">2</superScript>
|
||||
on frontal plus jugal ranges between 4.69 and 5.00, shared with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="025858811EB1EE823DCF9220169CF704" baseAuthorityName="Werneburg and Berman" baseAuthorityYear="2012" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Glaukerpeton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="67DEFF8BB65554204DB82B8DD3E2ED65" italics="true">Glaukerpeton</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E4CBE0D99677B9454205310A28524705" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1CBAC82B46E966E115474E90F039EB15" italics="true">Clamorosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but differs from all other eryopids; (2) Lateral margin of skull roof is slightly concave to straight; (3) Both premaxillae form a relatively straight snout, like in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="06529BC0D329F9A6968059698E0E0447" baseAuthorityName="Sawin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Eryops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megacephalus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7633E39668D62110248F1D9D2984B693" italics="true">E. megacephalus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; (4) Snout margin is laterally constricted slightly below the level of naris; (5) Premaxilla with elongated and relatively wide alary process, shared with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FA7B7F6CFD689C6BA1D44EC9279364B4" baseAuthorityName="Boy" baseAuthorityYear="1990" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Onchiodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="labyrinthicus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="14FE3EBD3BC2CA55DDEA57383A8BE0DD" italics="true">O. labyrinthicus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; (6) Elongated interpremaxillary suture, shared with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4705B1997CEEF8B431B062C516E3A714" baseAuthorityName="Sawin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Eryops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megacephalus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0766829521B62EF82BEA12B4C9CA0481" italics="true">E. megacephalus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; (7) Premaxillary, maxillary and dentary teeth are heterodont with a circular cross-section, in contrast to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7EA1C0BB686EAE3E3D13D05C53177852" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7158645AB18F9D1F5625048F962DC73B" italics="true">C. borealis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AE4D7B09C3B4FEDC56DE57CA643DF298" baseAuthorityName="Boy" baseAuthorityYear="1990" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Onchiodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="labyrinthicus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E1236A2FE155AFE31C47AE0B5D932134" italics="true">O. labyrinthicus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B595753B2AFE762CF268729B8C37A5B6" baseAuthorityName="Warren" baseAuthorityYear="2007" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Eryops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="570454A13CE6428283214DDBD8912351" italics="true">Eryops</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but shared with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="68210042AC33B10AA090146FB87CD7B1" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nocturnus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E1CA5BFE043F5A12AA492CEFF0E31BD5" italics="true">C. nocturnus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and others; (8) In the premaxilla, teeth number nine and ten are the largest teeth, in contrast to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6678318E93F41FF85B4080C76AC88B98" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="11C575179DAA161F0D31ABB6E04DCC94" italics="true">C. borealis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; (9) In the maxilla, teeth number six to ten are the largest teeth, in contrast to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6D960B873B32DAC6FBC7871B627BEFB3" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9B401CD836221A68660B4AF1A7323BA4" italics="true">C. borealis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and other eryopids; (10) Lacrimal is very narrow and long, three times longer than wide, only similar in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1030980B9CFF3F813D173D3FAA54829" authorityName="Gaudry" authorityYear="1867" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Actinodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="53A8CBFC6BBAF1C5545D811274EB5549" italics="true">Actinodon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; (11) Different internarial and interorbital width, in contrast to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="84553129CA92298B69F21DF4E4A48E11" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nocturnus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1D3606DD8D4E08C5A9AB041B142C9537" italics="true">C. nocturnus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; (12) Small orbitae, similar in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="27215DF99A05B2F2511182205168A921" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="672342FD8B4E699204E6CFD173DF7839" italics="true">C. borealis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; (13) Very short contact between jugal and prefrontal, shared with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4DFF3467FC059A031F269D8E4C1D61D6" baseAuthorityName="Boy" baseAuthorityYear="1990" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Onchiodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="labyrinthicus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E70A276B87F5453FF27362C16F997CAE" italics="true">O. labyrinthicus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; (14) No interfrontal, in contrast to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2D6A1C37176E31ED6EC85C1A35D4F50B" baseAuthorityName="Warren" baseAuthorityYear="2007" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Eryops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D7671BDDC3423C4BCAC8890A799BFF29" italics="true">Eryops</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3FC7E09A98DD46192AF0CD653AE1DDE5" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Osteophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="846DA1260E7A5BC577BE8AF6777A2993" italics="true">Osteophorus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; (15) Supratemporal much longer than wide, shared with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0E9DFEDA4360D6A6610463F4E88FD915" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Onchiodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="85D734CBBA8B4CCF00102B80F0DDAFB2" italics="true">Onchiodon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A8C47411C7EA77A175B74983EADDAEF7" baseAuthorityName="Werneburg and Berman" baseAuthorityYear="2012" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Glaukerpeton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2CC84C7B1BDBF12DB9959FFBE34BF5B4" italics="true">Glaukerpeton</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="52F1BE5A230B07684EA9A94BB931483C" authorityName="Gaudry" authorityYear="1867" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Actinodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EF2CC39F226BBC2FDFCEAC342D498B07" italics="true">Actinodon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; (16) No lateral line sulci, in contrast to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0D4504E74AE4DC928E89150C1D50BA8E" baseAuthorityName="Werneburg and Berman" baseAuthorityYear="2012" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Glaukerpeton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5BE1E99F9C948338D6E5FE489A784F74" italics="true">Glaukerpeton</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9E0C12E73C66D27373622040BA2C95EA" authorityName="Gaudry" authorityYear="1867" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Actinodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="87D637C1F0891BEAE3413F52D3757F35" italics="true">Actinodon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; (17) Occipital margin of skull roof is well concave, shared with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="70E8E07EE6758FDB2ED4099430B8E6D8" baseAuthorityName="Werneburg and Berman" baseAuthorityYear="2012" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Glaukerpeton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4C96219D33AE154621C3CBDBB0E4A8B8" italics="true">Glaukerpeton</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="86CA6932DDF6CFE6C17269313932A1B0" baseAuthorityName="Boy" baseAuthorityYear="1990" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Onchiodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="labyrinthicus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75D5575172E3D280A25B58F66E93DFCE" italics="true">O. labyrinthicus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B67E0FEE7618E7477631C7C4B1DB4AA4" baseAuthorityName="Sawin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Eryops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megacephalus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DD041B7850F31B19ED8257AA21AD2BD7" italics="true">E. megacephalus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; (18) Elongated and relatively wide palatine, much longer than wide, shared with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9520FB80DAFC9C857AF1F5B8DF18400C" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="63F6DE38C1FC6D6A548A773061E4186B" italics="true">C. borealis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AC411E103234C2566C2B59AF15D69410" authorityName="Gaudry" authorityYear="1867" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Actinodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2AF33FA5BEFE30E124E7700ADD88CC61" italics="true">Actinodon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but in contrast to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="601CFD7744DF9ECEF056EB6D04C07752" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nocturnus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="27D8D95EF8AEF6D8DDEFA73E95669A5D" italics="true">C. nocturnus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; (19) Ectopterygoid and palatine of about equal length; (20) Palatinal ramus of pterygoid relatively narrow with poorly developed transverse flange, like in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4446E9BE30116BC41ECF12BF6CFD2FB5" baseAuthorityName="Werneburg and Berman" baseAuthorityYear="2012" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Glaukerpeton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7C12B6B553B4EF9E3B5E52E853CC52CC" italics="true">Glaukerpeton</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; (21) Short basipterygoid process of pterygoid; (22) Narrow interpterygoid vacuities, in contrast to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BDBFD0B7E639F24C93B4BAE6CB4A6988" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BC7370A65AFD707A6E02B569943762A7" italics="true">Clamorosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; (23) Orbitae are partly covered by pterygoids in ventral view, in contrast to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5BA2EBAB944A5EDAD0A320BEBBF4235A" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="40FAEE71CD06B08C18397B87CCE779C1" italics="true">Clamorosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; (24) Cultriform process of the parasphenoid is longer than the vomer, in contrast to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F698FE77688EBD13F13C0E8C96F89456" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C9CD8F66D9C89517F255712D41997533" italics="true">C. borealis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; (25) Narrow basal plate of parasphenoid, shared with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1B36D019C270CC70E480E0F49C0584E9" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nocturnus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="64A203D404577CD2CEEBC0F48A48ADFD" italics="true">C. nocturnus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="73F05246F87E14CD8917A34EDC71D910" baseAuthorityName="Sawin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Eryops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megacephalus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2B6581BF201BFE0F79A8B0E6377097F7" italics="true">E. megacephalus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; (26) Basal plate with foramina for carotid artery in ventral view; (27) Vomer with additional fang medial to the choana, shared with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C0CDD719AC138641AE50DC24F83ADCB0" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C2B614C68D4EC0D442FD437ADF6409DF" italics="true">Clamorosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EIWCI" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A5365080F516E10EF385AF1EBDE18C2D">
|
||||
<heading id="5B316368B3691FDF38A49E3B6F6E4DA2" reason="title">Comparative description.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3387E8C179938B5AC70D057BC1B8E8FC">
|
||||
One skull with a median length of
|
||||
<quantity id="33CD6BFC704784B9945A8C165E6F9C6D" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" unit="cm" value="16.0">16 cm</quantity>
|
||||
preserves the skull roof in dorsal and the palate in ventral view (
|
||||
<specimenCode id="B8614C220A2F8E56EB6079B0FE2932F5">
|
||||
<named-content id="7A5BC407E0F0C2BDE57AD8E3C83EDEB9" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/paleontological-institute-russian-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Paleontological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Moscow">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="552AA5F2CCD0759325120A6C221AE616" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kjjc-ziy5" name="Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" type="">PIN</collectionCode>
|
||||
</named-content>
|
||||
570/40
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
). Two right dentaries from additional individuals of the same species with heterodont dentition complete the description (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="36C98EB79B2A590EA76D8575D0A17B5F" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Syndyodosuchus tetricus Konzhukova, 1956, further specimens, a right-anterior part of a skull with choana (PIN 570 / 6) in ventral view (A, B), and dorsolateral view (C), and an anterior dentary with symphyseal tusk in labial view (D) and lingual view (E), from the Ufimian Intinskaya Svita (late Kungurian, Permian) of Inta (coal mine at ‘ Greater Inta River’, Komi Republic, Russia) (PIN 570 / 41). Abbreviations: ch, choana; m, maxilla; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; v, vomer." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208666">12</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<specimenCode id="4B7E5F5CF62B8D4742E62A8B19E4A0C6">
|
||||
<named-content id="30F59C62C0ABD09D1E6278AFF69274D1" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/paleontological-institute-russian-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Paleontological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Moscow">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="73CE94A8DB5480C78505FFB58603E037" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kjjc-ziy5" name="Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" type="">PIN</collectionCode>
|
||||
</named-content>
|
||||
570/6
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCode id="43F2662551B44DF3B6200EC03C32A7F2">
|
||||
<named-content id="8F8864351DD66BD377F064657F0F59DB" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/paleontological-institute-russian-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Paleontological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Moscow">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="56006E7A3E8E1FF756E361E1B49978AA" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kjjc-ziy5" name="Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" type="">PIN</collectionCode>
|
||||
</named-content>
|
||||
570/41
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5739806F55216FFB123AB235642BF587">
|
||||
<emphasis id="458D4F4E38863A055A6932B7B3AAFCBD" bold="true">
|
||||
<emphasis id="92FE687820629FC75F9C0C30E54AC88E" bold="true" italics="true">General skull morphology</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
The dermal sculpture of the skull roof corresponds to the fine sculpture pattern known from certain eryopids such as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F6091E8B66B673C597233C1D5CC7F565" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6C92672ED2800511ED2A58D1FACB19A4" italics="true">Clamorosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E0EE9BA2737D8654181FAAD31485BF73" authorityName="Konzhukova" authorityYear="1956" class="Amphibia" family="Intasuchidae" genus="Syndyodosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6E653F7AC20501A6E97CDC1D3DE1F8DC" italics="true">Syndyodosuchus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2492B2081B5BBEE2A258A9DEE598ECF8" authority="(Werneburg and Berman 2012)" baseAuthorityName="Werneburg and Berman" baseAuthorityYear="2012" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Glaukerpeton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B23C9D824381646DFBF47EAB3D9F0842" italics="true">Glaukerpeton</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="514F127FF5E016D0D8F97D8CC64EF785" DOI="10.2992/007.081.0103" author="Werneburg and Berman" firstAuthor="Werneburg" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Annals of Carnegie Museum" pagination="45-72" refId="B43" refString="Werneburg R, Berman DS (2012) Revision of the aquatic eryopid temnospondyl Glaukerpeton avinoffi Romer, 1952, from the Upper Pennsylvanian of North America. Annals of Carnegie Museum 81 (1): 45–72. https://doi.org/10.2992/007.081.0103" title="Revision of the aquatic eryopid temnospondyl Glaukerpeton avinoffi Romer, 1952, from the Upper Pennsylvanian of North America." volume="81" year="2012">Werneburg and Berman 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Table
|
||||
<tableCitation id="B1F891E74BE5D2728E849AD3F2B3B136" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Ranges of density counts of dermal sculpture pits (p) and valleys per in 2 (6.452 cm 2) of frontal and jugal in relation to the skull length (S l in cm) given separately and combined for eryopids and grouped by genus, species, and maturity (Werneburg and Berman 2012; Werneburg et al. 2023)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/16816ABE791A2A67C12BD40F633C60A1" tableUuid="16816ABE791A2A67C12BD40F633C60A1">1</tableCitation>
|
||||
). It consists of a reticulated pattern of small pits and valleys separated by narrow ridges on nearly all skull roofing bones (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="0A95C15D7E109B66AC31E3F1207E75DC" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Syndyodosuchus tetricus Konzhukova, 1956, holotype PIN 570 / 40 with skull roof in dorsal view (A, B), from the Ufimian Intinskaya Svita (late Kungurian, Permian) of Inta (coal mine at ‘ Greater Inta River’, Komi Republic, Russia). Abbreviations: f, frontal; j, jugal; l, lacrimal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; ol, occipital lamella; p, parietal; pm, premaxilla; po, postorbital; pp, postparietal; prf, prefrontal; ptf, postfrontal; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; sq, squamosal; st, supratemporal; t, tabular." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208664">10 A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The density of the sculpture pattern is quantified as the number of pits per in
|
||||
<superScript id="F2B7C7AC8C7A671C79858FF6A9149A77">2</superScript>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<quantity id="05A0D6BD976120A60373722F9202E8EA" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.452" unit="cm" value="6.452">6.452 cm</quantity>
|
||||
<superScript id="565C47B2DE7BE924331D92AA982F4A35">2</superScript>
|
||||
) on the frontal and jugal, and as a proportion of those counts to skull length. These intraspecific indices range between both elements of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="67ECE8646F109F469953765E7B16113E" authorityName="Konzhukova" authorityYear="1956" class="Amphibia" family="Intasuchidae" genus="Syndyodosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tetricus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A649E596D06C75EC8EBF081335CC2255" italics="true">S. tetricus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
between 4.69 and 5.00. The dermal sculpture of the dorsal surface of the skull roof in other eryopid specimens is of much coarser sculpture pattern with indices from 0.4 up to 1.7, higher indices between 1.2 and 4.3 occur only in the subadult
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C96380B2CA8A06DA6C2EFAC4E909F2F5" baseAuthorityName="Warren" baseAuthorityYear="2007" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Eryops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4B341F047A905F38DF00786FDE5D7B03" italics="true">Eryops</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Table
|
||||
<tableCitation id="D0D8AA7ACFB26E4053AEA41D1E40F3CE" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Ranges of density counts of dermal sculpture pits (p) and valleys per in 2 (6.452 cm 2) of frontal and jugal in relation to the skull length (S l in cm) given separately and combined for eryopids and grouped by genus, species, and maturity (Werneburg and Berman 2012; Werneburg et al. 2023)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/16816ABE791A2A67C12BD40F633C60A1" tableUuid="16816ABE791A2A67C12BD40F633C60A1">1</tableCitation>
|
||||
). A dorsal strutting pattern with large ridges on the skull roof is not developed (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="80EBAA78938EA20652A6905C099E02C7" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Syndyodosuchus tetricus Konzhukova, 1956, holotype PIN 570 / 40 with skull roof in dorsal view (A, B), from the Ufimian Intinskaya Svita (late Kungurian, Permian) of Inta (coal mine at ‘ Greater Inta River’, Komi Republic, Russia). Abbreviations: f, frontal; j, jugal; l, lacrimal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; ol, occipital lamella; p, parietal; pm, premaxilla; po, postorbital; pp, postparietal; prf, prefrontal; ptf, postfrontal; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; sq, squamosal; st, supratemporal; t, tabular." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208664">10</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="F3CF2D39719540F1D2FF6E12A4D1EF6E" ID-DOI="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure10" ID-arpha="891ED662-3DDC-5AAA-8400-093C02C79774" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208664" startId="F10">
|
||||
<paragraph id="ADEAD13AE1DB392A3025146769144204">
|
||||
<label id="3D509AAC77166E2109BE48C917F8DFAD">Figure 10.</label>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4A3DF4FFC4967163717CEB5E62F5812D">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="26514C96CEBBC4C4CD14601FBAC34525" authority="Konzhukova, 1956" authorityName="Konzhukova" authorityYear="1956" class="Amphibia" family="Intasuchidae" genus="Syndyodosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tetricus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B5239CDA6DE3EF50A2F4C1A7E62CCF8E" italics="true">Syndyodosuchus tetricus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6845FBC30580B91D4D45A45239BAC32E" author="Konzhukova ED" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR" pagination="5-50" refId="B11" refString="Konzhukova ED (1956) The Intan Lower Permian fauna of the northern Ural region. Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR 62: 5 - 50. [in Russian]" title="The Intan Lower Permian fauna of the northern Ural region." volume="62" year="1956">Konzhukova, 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, holotype
|
||||
<specimenCode id="CBC55E9F6058AC404012F48AB99D96B4">
|
||||
<named-content id="2AEAC9B3A614CD2929B79D6F783E5559" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/paleontological-institute-russian-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Paleontological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Moscow">PIN</named-content>
|
||||
570/40
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
with skull roof in dorsal view (
|
||||
<emphasis id="D5D8F078900E6C82B8DF5419C15ECD51" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
|
||||
), from the Ufimian Intinskaya Svita (late Kungurian, Permian) of Inta (coal mine at ‘ Greater Inta River’, Komi Republic, Russia). Abbreviations: f, frontal; j, jugal; l, lacrimal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; ol, occipital lamella; p, parietal; pm, premaxilla; po, postorbital; pp, postparietal; prf, prefrontal; ptf, postfrontal; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; sq, squamosal; st, supratemporal; t, tabular.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2AAEE8009C3C17FB1549AFC073FE5866">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="81003903BE4B675684EBD2D28838D47E" authorityName="Konzhukova" authorityYear="1956" class="Amphibia" family="Intasuchidae" genus="Syndyodosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tetricus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1ED78DBE201D15F4841EEFB8476BD25C" italics="true">S. tetricus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="017C2BC3017D86FC901777132116E884" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nocturnus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="59425D29E502C44A72A9764BA5D7FAF5" italics="true">C. nocturnus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have slightly thinner bones than the bones in other eryopids, whereas
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C5EECCCCA04AF77854E5240041334AE" baseAuthorityName="Werneburg and Berman" baseAuthorityYear="2012" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Glaukerpeton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2446EAADEF119F74BC68AF05A0B1CB60" italics="true">Glaukerpeton</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has 30
|
||||
<superScript id="5062CDF7013FECF7464CEBDADBC20EEB">_</superScript>
|
||||
50 % thinner skull roofing bones (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="CE1DDB40AB8F8DE37DC1A66D25A729E9" DOI="10.2992/007.081.0103" author="Werneburg and Berman" firstAuthor="Werneburg" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Annals of Carnegie Museum" pagination="45-72" refId="B43" refString="Werneburg R, Berman DS (2012) Revision of the aquatic eryopid temnospondyl Glaukerpeton avinoffi Romer, 1952, from the Upper Pennsylvanian of North America. Annals of Carnegie Museum 81 (1): 45–72. https://doi.org/10.2992/007.081.0103" title="Revision of the aquatic eryopid temnospondyl Glaukerpeton avinoffi Romer, 1952, from the Upper Pennsylvanian of North America." volume="81" year="2012">Werneburg and Berman 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5DB71324C9A355CE38985FFF15B27FC3">
|
||||
The well-preserved skull of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FAF77ECFBBA658890089D328044EB37B" authorityName="Konzhukova" authorityYear="1956" class="Amphibia" family="Intasuchidae" genus="Syndyodosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tetricus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D67F1C237E1C48E2931999B331D7FC92" italics="true">S. tetricus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
allows a tentative reconstruction of the skull roof in dorsal view and of the palate in ventral view (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="618F2BB063C288793FE6CE41A708A3C3" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Syndyodosuchus tetricus Konzhukova, 1956, tentative reconstruction of the skull roof in dorsal view (A), and of the palate in ventral view (B). Abbreviations: aci, foramen for carotid artery; bp, basal plate of parasphenoid; ch, choane; cp, cultriform process; ec, ectopterygoid; ept, epipterygoid; f, frontal; j, jugal; l, lacrimal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; p, parietal; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; po, postorbital; pp, postparietal; prf, prefrontal; pt, pterygoid; ptf, postfrontal; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; sm, septomaxilla; sq, squamosal; st, supratemporal; t, tabular; v, vomer." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208667">13</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The skull is as wide as long (Table
|
||||
<tableCitation id="62359C6B2AB3C73B36E71C8CD0E73D42" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparative measurements of adult eryopid skulls (largest and smallest values in bold; after Boy 1990; Werneburg 1997, 2007; Werneburg and Berman 2012; Werneburg et al. 2023, and the present study). Institutional abbreviations. — CM, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; CMNH, Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Cleveland, Ohio; FMNH, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois; MCZ, Museum of Comparative Zoology of the Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; MHNA, Museum of Natural History, Autun, France; MMG, Museum für Mineralogie und Geologie, Dresden, Germany; NHMMZ / LS, Natural History Museum Mainz / State Collection of Natural History of Rhineland – Palatinate, Germany; NHMS, Naturhistorisches Museum Schloss Bertholdsburg, Schleusingen, Germany; NMMNH, New Mexico Museum of Natural History, Albuquerque, New Mexico; PIN, Paleontological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; UGKU, Urweltmuseum GEOSKOP / Lichtenberg Castle near Kusel, Germany. For anatomical abbreviations, see Fig. 2." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/4C2805F73BC2AE5930F9CBC7944E27F4" tableUuid="4C2805F73BC2AE5930F9CBC7944E27F4">2</tableCitation>
|
||||
; pS
|
||||
<subScript id="76C5AD29B7BEA3472FED8F3DC9AE4BEB">w</subScript>
|
||||
/ S
|
||||
<subScript id="E5FE5F9F8FB3568AC735F165EA90F66D">l</subScript>
|
||||
= 1.01). The lateral margin of the skull is slightly concave to straight in dorsal view. The snout margin is laterally constricted slightly below the level of naris but not so impressive as in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="060CA2EDF6F38218E52B6BA3ABC47B97" baseAuthorityName="Sawin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Eryops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megacephalus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B239C4A288220BE8F29D407D7E014ADC" italics="true">E. megacephalus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7D5A262708D996F9E4B763DA1D9CAA90" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Osteophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="920A0D9F8CAD3E03799E7D4C89547149" italics="true">Osteophorus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="426BEA8B44AD2D03D51A74A63EACCC99" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="25DD73EB70520F788880113FD8545B36" italics="true">Clamorosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The postorbital region of the skull roof is relatively long (H
|
||||
<subScript id="5630EB39490FA8B6B25E5BB0781444A3">l</subScript>
|
||||
/ S
|
||||
<subScript id="46A007C405F6D3F09E0D2BFC5C171C1A">l</subScript>
|
||||
= 0.24) and wide (H
|
||||
<subScript id="202AA619E7FAA439DC93E5F3A21FCB53">w</subScript>
|
||||
/ S
|
||||
<subScript id="28B14D8CFFAD0B87FB4B904918DDB9C3">l</subScript>
|
||||
= 0.45) (Table
|
||||
<tableCitation id="9DAA3837116BDC7707226C1B95AD72A4" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparative measurements of adult eryopid skulls (largest and smallest values in bold; after Boy 1990; Werneburg 1997, 2007; Werneburg and Berman 2012; Werneburg et al. 2023, and the present study). Institutional abbreviations. — CM, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; CMNH, Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Cleveland, Ohio; FMNH, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois; MCZ, Museum of Comparative Zoology of the Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; MHNA, Museum of Natural History, Autun, France; MMG, Museum für Mineralogie und Geologie, Dresden, Germany; NHMMZ / LS, Natural History Museum Mainz / State Collection of Natural History of Rhineland – Palatinate, Germany; NHMS, Naturhistorisches Museum Schloss Bertholdsburg, Schleusingen, Germany; NMMNH, New Mexico Museum of Natural History, Albuquerque, New Mexico; PIN, Paleontological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; UGKU, Urweltmuseum GEOSKOP / Lichtenberg Castle near Kusel, Germany. For anatomical abbreviations, see Fig. 2." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/4C2805F73BC2AE5930F9CBC7944E27F4" tableUuid="4C2805F73BC2AE5930F9CBC7944E27F4">2</tableCitation>
|
||||
). The preorbital skull is relatively elongate (PO
|
||||
<subScript id="7A4DAEE64C7148FE73BA4F26A0FE051B">l</subScript>
|
||||
/ S
|
||||
<subScript id="30A2D42F7F3FBDBD04E5D42278775BD6">l</subScript>
|
||||
= 0.60). The internarial width is very large (IN
|
||||
<subScript id="A0CDF550287FD24FA327455959267F43">w</subScript>
|
||||
/ S
|
||||
<subScript id="9605A2456CD272148B24184F8822B2F0">l</subScript>
|
||||
= 0.32) and presents the largest ratio in eryopids (Table
|
||||
<tableCitation id="D1BD750753EE5F7C78E5EECDDFFE878F" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparative measurements of adult eryopid skulls (largest and smallest values in bold; after Boy 1990; Werneburg 1997, 2007; Werneburg and Berman 2012; Werneburg et al. 2023, and the present study). Institutional abbreviations. — CM, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; CMNH, Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Cleveland, Ohio; FMNH, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois; MCZ, Museum of Comparative Zoology of the Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; MHNA, Museum of Natural History, Autun, France; MMG, Museum für Mineralogie und Geologie, Dresden, Germany; NHMMZ / LS, Natural History Museum Mainz / State Collection of Natural History of Rhineland – Palatinate, Germany; NHMS, Naturhistorisches Museum Schloss Bertholdsburg, Schleusingen, Germany; NMMNH, New Mexico Museum of Natural History, Albuquerque, New Mexico; PIN, Paleontological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; UGKU, Urweltmuseum GEOSKOP / Lichtenberg Castle near Kusel, Germany. For anatomical abbreviations, see Fig. 2." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/4C2805F73BC2AE5930F9CBC7944E27F4" tableUuid="4C2805F73BC2AE5930F9CBC7944E27F4">2</tableCitation>
|
||||
). The interorbital width (IO
|
||||
<subScript id="C7E27545399CA0EA9B5B2737FA94BC3B">w</subScript>
|
||||
/ S
|
||||
<subScript id="BA2AD9CE0973C1D85AD8704E65BAB1F7">l</subScript>
|
||||
= 0.23) is small like in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DAE069BA8E5B66547ACF5CDEBBC32A41" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B580BDC8C0AB1FB524611FCFDCAC999F" italics="true">Clamorosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E7D7F2194084537758A89C4915ADFEB6" authorityName="Gaudry" authorityYear="1867" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Actinodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8E39BCEF493EA6358D4561B4FBDD7E73" italics="true">Actinodon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B26D3D54EE0197B77B9A7919CE693D7E" baseAuthorityName="Sawin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Eryops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megacephalus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B78D1787C1F3ECDCC1E3F547B923B179" italics="true">E. megacephalus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The occipital margin of the skull roof is well concave. The quadrate condyles lie distinctly posterior to the occipital condyles (Qc
|
||||
<subScript id="7B5512752870958179BE95F7BB28E9B0">l</subScript>
|
||||
/ S
|
||||
<subScript id="F17DF7872523C67A366B418C38DBB9C2">l</subScript>
|
||||
= 0.14; Table
|
||||
<tableCitation id="B755D715FC09E9E83C667C8CB85598F7" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparative measurements of adult eryopid skulls (largest and smallest values in bold; after Boy 1990; Werneburg 1997, 2007; Werneburg and Berman 2012; Werneburg et al. 2023, and the present study). Institutional abbreviations. — CM, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; CMNH, Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Cleveland, Ohio; FMNH, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois; MCZ, Museum of Comparative Zoology of the Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; MHNA, Museum of Natural History, Autun, France; MMG, Museum für Mineralogie und Geologie, Dresden, Germany; NHMMZ / LS, Natural History Museum Mainz / State Collection of Natural History of Rhineland – Palatinate, Germany; NHMS, Naturhistorisches Museum Schloss Bertholdsburg, Schleusingen, Germany; NMMNH, New Mexico Museum of Natural History, Albuquerque, New Mexico; PIN, Paleontological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; UGKU, Urweltmuseum GEOSKOP / Lichtenberg Castle near Kusel, Germany. For anatomical abbreviations, see Fig. 2." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/4C2805F73BC2AE5930F9CBC7944E27F4" tableUuid="4C2805F73BC2AE5930F9CBC7944E27F4">2</tableCitation>
|
||||
) but not so wide posterior than in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3EC2ED1E71ED614AFC26C57EF5E4671D" baseAuthorityName="Sawin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Eryops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megacephalus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D63265E1999F1129940C3E1557A19070" italics="true">E. megacephalus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="990D1963DDF206BFE4AEF5DDA7EA5E8C" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="557C2D0D478EB9E85FEA43FE68506263" italics="true">C. borealis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The long-oval orbits are the proportionally smallest ones compared to other eryopids (O
|
||||
<subScript id="3038F40CACCBD31C66C7C0A4C33517BE">l</subScript>
|
||||
/ S
|
||||
<subScript id="4FB978724F72F8AA2E8F7A35B94CDCF2">l</subScript>
|
||||
= 0.12).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D19E4A92F7DFAACF0874508EE69DFEAC">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0B3954FF8F9886CF19CDDACEE4A52C41" bold="true">
|
||||
<emphasis id="48902648E815864429636B93F38111A1" bold="true" italics="true">Growth stage</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
The holotypic skull of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11E24FA89B2FA35FD63F5AF4FE43AC18" authorityName="Konzhukova" authorityYear="1956" class="Amphibia" family="Intasuchidae" genus="Syndyodosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tetricus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75D9DC26D06F1834A86261B71AC7495F" italics="true">Syndyodosuchus tetricus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was an early adult animal, as indicated by the following features: (a) The dermal sculpture consists of a dense reticulated pattern of small pits and valleys separated by narrow ridges; (b) The quadrate condyles lie far posterior to the occipital condyles; (c) The quadrate is ossified dorsally; (d) The orbits are very small compared to other eryopids; (e) The pterygoid has a transverse process; (f) The epipterygoid is ossified with a large footplate. The skull length of
|
||||
<quantity id="604DDDB9F3DF75033FDE45BD54DB8D77" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" unit="cm" value="16.0">16 cm</quantity>
|
||||
ranges in the middle-sized group of the family
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EE0E2751CCACD25DC268F3D95C86F1C4" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1882" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Eryopidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and corresponds to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="72D914A5CABB365037307365668FD959" authorityName="Gaudry" authorityYear="1867" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Actinodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E19D4B37F2081A5CEF4C5A67C3155630" italics="true">Actinodon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="619331FB40280925C9E30613E2528385" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6153FC36AFA7EA8D779E5A4AA6D08F88" italics="true">C. borealis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9CDA1636E661139449EF99484141AB0E" baseAuthorityName="Boy" baseAuthorityYear="1990" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Onchiodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="labyrinthicus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B323F88A3FD60D783FB13AD40E3243CB" italics="true">O. labyrinthicus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. However, the incomplete ossification of the occiput indicates that it was an early adult and did not reach the late adult stage.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F3A4CD94C3B2E1F710C0A867122A4C2D">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C16AA89903E8EF9F88F713396C216015" bold="true">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0DF1015A4FDD7E6105806321E3FC2A2C" bold="true" italics="true">Skull roof</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
The interpremaxillary suture is elongated and accounts for 13.1 % of the midline length of the skull. The elongated and moderately wide alary process of the premaxilla is clearly detectable. Both premaxillae form a relatively straight snout like in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="486C06874039D8557CD3D990B6B85B0C" baseAuthorityName="Sawin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Eryops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megacephalus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A088104003ADBAB5C22F1D6BE7325391" italics="true">E. megacephalus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but its lateral constriction is formed by the lateral margin of the maxilla posterior to the naris. The premaxilla has 10 or 11 tooth loci in its tooth arcade, like most other eryopids with the exception of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="463285B51A0E6FE6AF7DE41150721C00" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="61360A2B7ED09CADE4F2B3FCEB47BC19" italics="true">Clamorosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
which has less tooth loci (Table
|
||||
<tableCitation id="E7B7032B278596D2E3A85CCEE3062C23" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Tooth places (largest and smallest values in bold), position of largest teeth (numbered from anterior) and general kind of dentition in premaxilla and maxilla of the eryopids (compare Figs 12, 13). Abbreviations. — Le, left lateral side; ri, right lateral side." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/198F31F35CB446DC0A807B3B4167B910" tableUuid="198F31F35CB446DC0A807B3B4167B910">3</tableCitation>
|
||||
). All teeth of premaxilla, maxilla, dentary and palatal elements have a circular cross-section. The ninth and tenth teeth of the premaxilla are the largest ones. Premaxilla and maxilla have a heterodont dentition, with the size differences giving a wave-like profile of the tooth row in lateral view (Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation id="85644EF6025F68A4947E9B390AAAA1BF" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Syndyodosuchus tetricus Konzhukova, 1956, holotype PIN 570 / 40 with palate in ventral view and premaxilla plus maxilla in lateral view (A, B), from the Ufimian Intinskaya Svita (late Kungurian, Permian) of Inta (coal mine at ‘ Greater Inta River’, Komi Republic, Russia). Abbreviations: aci, foramen for carotid artery; bp, basal plate of parasphenoid; ch, choane; cp, cultriform process; ec, ectopterygoid; ept, epipterygoid; pq, paraquadrate foramen of quadratojugal; j, jugal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; o, orbita; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; pt, pterygoid; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; stp, stapes; v, vomer." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208665">11 A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="52209E1C2CF6D569DBABD2C63E2E3A3E" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Syndyodosuchus tetricus Konzhukova, 1956, further specimens, a right-anterior part of a skull with choana (PIN 570 / 6) in ventral view (A, B), and dorsolateral view (C), and an anterior dentary with symphyseal tusk in labial view (D) and lingual view (E), from the Ufimian Intinskaya Svita (late Kungurian, Permian) of Inta (coal mine at ‘ Greater Inta River’, Komi Republic, Russia) (PIN 570 / 41). Abbreviations: ch, choana; m, maxilla; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; v, vomer." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208666">12 A – C</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="D68DDAAEC85A5EC82EFF399874362150" ID-DOI="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure11" ID-arpha="3B6A9845-1B49-5FB9-B056-4F1DBE2C30F0" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208665" startId="F11">
|
||||
<paragraph id="CA39B7214CE0E301FEA9D1DF8D452DC9">
|
||||
<label id="C4AA8D91E0734B7C153849DBCE3231DE">Figure 11.</label>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2E739084F272803CEC28B3826D7430AA">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D3323AD366810E6C490BBA20A0943462" authority="Konzhukova, 1956" authorityName="Konzhukova" authorityYear="1956" class="Amphibia" family="Intasuchidae" genus="Syndyodosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tetricus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1D6FBEB51625F303CCEB064A65218054" italics="true">Syndyodosuchus tetricus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="38DC309FCE808ED1A3248036AB2EEC0F" author="Konzhukova ED" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR" pagination="5-50" refId="B11" refString="Konzhukova ED (1956) The Intan Lower Permian fauna of the northern Ural region. Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR 62: 5 - 50. [in Russian]" title="The Intan Lower Permian fauna of the northern Ural region." volume="62" year="1956">Konzhukova, 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, holotype
|
||||
<specimenCode id="6CA24D13095C6AE26D77BF206989439F">
|
||||
<named-content id="65530042F31201C898B136576F081E69" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/paleontological-institute-russian-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Paleontological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Moscow">PIN</named-content>
|
||||
570/40
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
with palate in ventral view and premaxilla plus maxilla in lateral view (
|
||||
<emphasis id="465E0AE6686FDC6BFB971537273D4114" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
|
||||
), from the Ufimian Intinskaya Svita (late Kungurian, Permian) of Inta (coal mine at ‘ Greater Inta River’, Komi Republic, Russia). Abbreviations: aci, foramen for carotid artery; bp, basal plate of parasphenoid; ch, choane; cp, cultriform process; ec, ectopterygoid; ept, epipterygoid; pq, paraquadrate foramen of quadratojugal; j, jugal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; o, orbita; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; pt, pterygoid; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; stp, stapes; v, vomer.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="D3A8863D267109B91B94393A0F1D6B6C" ID-DOI="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure12" ID-arpha="7850E15B-BF22-5559-9CFD-98D51BC6D430" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208666" startId="F12">
|
||||
<paragraph id="54E7ED930EDF4A457E1BEA83671106B6">
|
||||
<label id="E162F1103192115D5A657887FB57416B">Figure 12.</label>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="9A23813CEF3D059000CE02840EECB70E">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1C8FD57CE4FC0F19A79AA1CC2FEA8DA1" authority="Konzhukova, 1956" authorityName="Konzhukova" authorityYear="1956" class="Amphibia" family="Intasuchidae" genus="Syndyodosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tetricus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B494CC912EBADF96326F5BA5573FA035" italics="true">Syndyodosuchus tetricus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6A13297AABD3A5FC601E29432F65ED3D" author="Konzhukova ED" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR" pagination="5-50" refId="B11" refString="Konzhukova ED (1956) The Intan Lower Permian fauna of the northern Ural region. Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR 62: 5 - 50. [in Russian]" title="The Intan Lower Permian fauna of the northern Ural region." volume="62" year="1956">Konzhukova, 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, further specimens, a right-anterior part of a skull with choana (
|
||||
<specimenCode id="3973BC5EB5A4C5FD6FDD8DCA952B3D42">
|
||||
<named-content id="C55CC45D0688C1D2FEFCE9D140989F2E" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/paleontological-institute-russian-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Paleontological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Moscow">PIN</named-content>
|
||||
570/6
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
) in ventral view (
|
||||
<emphasis id="9E70AEFA74D67979F655F862F24AAA16" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
|
||||
), and dorsolateral view (
|
||||
<emphasis id="CF0B7BFBCEF0753FC9D48C02816BC88F" bold="true">C</emphasis>
|
||||
), and an anterior dentary with symphyseal tusk in labial view (
|
||||
<emphasis id="C17A8F1B205DF819BD309D0FFFF5C785" bold="true">D</emphasis>
|
||||
) and lingual view (
|
||||
<emphasis id="F1DA1CC60B01D17AD775DF63D8A7D00D" bold="true">E</emphasis>
|
||||
), from the Ufimian Intinskaya Svita (late Kungurian, Permian) of Inta (coal mine at ‘ Greater Inta River’, Komi Republic, Russia) (
|
||||
<specimenCode id="2339A0540D568E946ED63D0B52913857">
|
||||
<named-content id="B0E616E73DA87282A0C9B86304806BA6" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/paleontological-institute-russian-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Paleontological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Moscow">PIN</named-content>
|
||||
570/41
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
). Abbreviations: ch, choana; m, maxilla; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; v, vomer.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5367D26F39C189C4092DF1F08730925D">The maxilla has a relatively narrow dorsal shelf and it is in contact ventrally with the quadratojugal. Its tooth arcade has 25 or 26 tooth loci. No maxillary tooth reaches the size of the largest premaxillary teeth, and the maxillary teeth are similar in size to the smallest premaxillary teeth. The sixth to tenth maxillary teeth are the largest ones but cause no lateral expansion of the skull margin.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="576B6FB89563536F8A3FAA3A4B7F26AD">
|
||||
The circular to oval naris is relatively small as in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2DD341A5C0EFD0B428CF73E88BD598B9" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5B4B95D55A43F3952AF3A7130F630678" italics="true">C. borealis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CEAE9E4A01C987FE6BA370D8E517139B" baseAuthorityName="Boy" baseAuthorityYear="1990" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Onchiodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="labyrinthicus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="17EE9B3794760E954300B61CA2546402" italics="true">O. labyrinthicus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, its length comprising 7 % of the midline length of the skull. The septomaxilla is not recorded. The posterior margin of the naris is clearly formed by the nasal, lacrimal and maxilla (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="A3CFAF782F90290759CF8B2E5031B700" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Syndyodosuchus tetricus Konzhukova, 1956, tentative reconstruction of the skull roof in dorsal view (A), and of the palate in ventral view (B). Abbreviations: aci, foramen for carotid artery; bp, basal plate of parasphenoid; ch, choane; cp, cultriform process; ec, ectopterygoid; ept, epipterygoid; f, frontal; j, jugal; l, lacrimal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; p, parietal; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; po, postorbital; pp, postparietal; prf, prefrontal; pt, pterygoid; ptf, postfrontal; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; sm, septomaxilla; sq, squamosal; st, supratemporal; t, tabular; v, vomer." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208667">13 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="6A15F17BF917F9B7A16DD99679EAA533" ID-DOI="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure13" ID-arpha="A541E56B-CE21-5693-966B-17AFF6D7F418" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208667" startId="F13">
|
||||
<paragraph id="37E14FF38E027BF3C3D2EC1BF9668215">
|
||||
<label id="94835757243856C1836F3CF84B44612A">Figure 13.</label>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E89F3901A84E2EA931A11D2899B92710">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C263B62DDBBB0308C8D761CE3B7B3A52" authority="Konzhukova, 1956" authorityName="Konzhukova" authorityYear="1956" class="Amphibia" family="Intasuchidae" genus="Syndyodosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tetricus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EBC8197DA675D9E4650A7B15F882B08C" italics="true">Syndyodosuchus tetricus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="74B921F954FA54909C7709FBB9FA3F9D" author="Konzhukova ED" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR" pagination="5-50" refId="B11" refString="Konzhukova ED (1956) The Intan Lower Permian fauna of the northern Ural region. Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR 62: 5 - 50. [in Russian]" title="The Intan Lower Permian fauna of the northern Ural region." volume="62" year="1956">Konzhukova, 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, tentative reconstruction of the skull roof in dorsal view (
|
||||
<emphasis id="21F0232B8C362CA1565E0EC00B756E7D" bold="true">A</emphasis>
|
||||
), and of the palate in ventral view (
|
||||
<emphasis id="C4947B2399EECBF3C1C3901AD9AA4D14" bold="true">B</emphasis>
|
||||
). Abbreviations: aci, foramen for carotid artery; bp, basal plate of parasphenoid; ch, choane; cp, cultriform process; ec, ectopterygoid; ept, epipterygoid; f, frontal; j, jugal; l, lacrimal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; p, parietal; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; po, postorbital; pp, postparietal; prf, prefrontal; pt, pterygoid; ptf, postfrontal; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; sm, septomaxilla; sq, squamosal; st, supratemporal; t, tabular; v, vomer.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="5938FA39FD718F32A41950547C2166C6" ID-DOI="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure14" ID-arpha="AD2EDAC0-E937-5D7E-85E5-668861D852DE" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208668" startId="F14">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F6D0DA8E3717946779C2AD65C16DCB3C">
|
||||
<label id="229E5D3A224D39FDE4A429FA8E229ACD">Figure 14.</label>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="99BF2CB369F39ACD44235C5FD98490B8">
|
||||
Comparison of the revised Russian eryopid skulls in dorsal and palatal view,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="710363EB86DF35A385E584F306FB6BCD" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nocturnus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C5206DCE87C601400184AEAC95646283" italics="true">Clamorosaurus nocturnus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="26878D86AD9AFCEAA7AD9949BFFDAA2A" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2FAA201DD375B79F4F56A29D3D1506E7" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1B166212F7D8677BAEA9B2B391C0712A" italics="true">Clamorosaurus borealis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="F86C08E8BAF5BD8783BA1BA00D673FE3" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CD6F413093CF492AAA8B654E55F5E1E6" authorityName="Konzhukova" authorityYear="1956" class="Amphibia" family="Intasuchidae" genus="Syndyodosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tetricus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9343AF0352506B6FC05B7008FAF07C0A" italics="true">Syndyodosuchus tetricus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="5C35965A7C98675254C5799042E9EB04" bold="true">E, F</emphasis>
|
||||
). Abbreviations: aci, foramen for carotid artery; bp, basal plate of parasphenoid; ch, choane; cp, cultriform process; ec, ectopterygoid; ept, epipterygoid; f, frontal; faci, furrows for carotid artery; j, jugal; l, lacrimal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; p, parietal; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; po, postorbital; pp, postparietal; prf, prefrontal; pt, pterygoid; ptf, postfrontal; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; sm, septomaxilla; sq, squamosal; st, supratemporal; t, tabular; v, vomer.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="9831D37117FCE9A3E7159BB168B09B12" ID-DOI="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure15" ID-arpha="ABB3B9CA-95F2-5E47-91BE-7E0A26DBB144" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208669" startId="F15">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6F3A8CF193AF19E544A58E45FCDFC1AF">
|
||||
<label id="A657F8A757682FDDFFCF15A05347C285">Figure 15.</label>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B847355FE1F45BE97E349111CA400505">
|
||||
Comparison of related eryopid skulls in dorsal view (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B8E22801D4EBEC62B3A3E9DA93CF0B21" bold="true">A</emphasis>
|
||||
–
|
||||
<emphasis id="0B9816FC182C81DC149EB42CB53C9B01" bold="true">F</emphasis>
|
||||
) and palatal view (
|
||||
<emphasis id="2E6788BF5C82E4C50DCD64D7976278B2" bold="true">G</emphasis>
|
||||
–
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9D6AF06C1C39C1A52FC3DEFD95656E5" bold="true">L</emphasis>
|
||||
); (
|
||||
<emphasis id="05A3789F6B18E19B07A71BA640708BBA" bold="true">A, K</emphasis>
|
||||
) after
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="57689A780E2D1D809829FE835C0F4A4B" DOI="10.1017/jpa.2023.58" author="Werneburg R & Witzmann F & Rinehart L & Fischer J & Voigt S" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Werneburg" issue="6" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Paleontology" pagination="1251-1281" refId="B45" refString="Werneburg R, Witzmann F, Rinehart L, Fischer J, Voigt S (2023) A new eryopid temnospondyl from the Carboniferous – Permian boundary of Germany. Journal of Paleontology 97 (6): 1251–1281. https://doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2023.58" title="A new eryopid temnospondyl from the Carboniferous - Permian boundary of Germany." volume="97" year="2023">Werneburg et al. (2023)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; (
|
||||
<emphasis id="A91A9A680F277FD6A57F0C4EC4A13244" bold="true">B, L</emphasis>
|
||||
) after
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="111826F40476D8735D7773B9D8D51934" DOI="10.2992/007.081.0103" author="Werneburg R & Berman DS" firstAuthor="Werneburg" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Annals of Carnegie Museum" pagination="45-72" refId="B43" refString="Werneburg R, Berman DS (2012) Revision of the aquatic eryopid temnospondyl Glaukerpeton avinoffi Romer, 1952, from the Upper Pennsylvanian of North America. Annals of Carnegie Museum 81 (1): 45–72. https://doi.org/10.2992/007.081.0103" title="Revision of the aquatic eryopid temnospondyl Glaukerpeton avinoffi Romer, 1952, from the Upper Pennsylvanian of North America." volume="81" year="2012">Werneburg and Berman (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; (
|
||||
<emphasis id="36E78A937D6EB1EAE45B9A060D72C539" bold="true">C, G</emphasis>
|
||||
) after
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="41DD0748E05848F7C365AA4780622887" author="Sawin HJ" firstAuthor="Sawin" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard College" pagination="405-464" refId="B24" refString="Sawin HJ (1941) The cranial anatomy of Eryops megacephalus. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard College 88: 405–464." title="The cranial anatomy of Eryops megacephalus." volume="88" year="1941">Sawin (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; (
|
||||
<emphasis id="DB5A757B76C9FC968E392BED141F0E34" bold="true">D</emphasis>
|
||||
) after
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0DE9CCC9EA657E8B0C7564D8E825C945" author="Werneburg R" firstAuthor="Werneburg" journalOrPublisher="Freiberger Forschungshefte C" pagination="167-181" refId="B39" refString="Werneburg R (1997) Der Eryopide Onchiodon (Amphibia) aus dem Rotliegend des Beckens von Autun (Frankreich). Freiberger Forschungshefte C 466: 167–181." title="Der Eryopide Onchiodon (Amphibia) aus dem Rotliegend des Beckens von Autun (Frankreich)." volume="466" year="1997">Werneburg (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; (
|
||||
<emphasis id="0FB2CE030667A7A6F2E7F5FBB215249B" bold="true">E, I</emphasis>
|
||||
) after
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="57C983C40A1DAFB378BB4CD46D56E967" author="Werneburg R" firstAuthor="Werneburg" journalOrPublisher="Veröffentlichungen Naturhistorisches Museum Schleusingen" pagination="3-40" refId="B40" refString="Werneburg R (2007) Der “ Manebacher Saurier ” – ein neuer großer Eryopide (Onchiodon) aus dem Rotliegend (Unter-Perm) des Thüringer Waldes. Veröffentlichungen Naturhistorisches Museum Schleusingen 22: 3–40." title="Der “ Manebacher Saurier ” - ein neuer großer Eryopide (Onchiodon) aus dem Rotliegend (Unter-Perm) des Thüringer Waldes." volume="22" year="2007">Werneburg (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; (
|
||||
<emphasis id="85D7EA2D25B0BA3FE65C291EAFD94BA3" bold="true">F, J</emphasis>
|
||||
) after Boy (1991); (
|
||||
<emphasis id="5AB7BE52016E64CC1BBD9BC84B8C0063" bold="true">H</emphasis>
|
||||
) after
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="44F760B50524D767EC9BCFD6D328DDFD" DOI="10.1016/S0016-6995(99)80009-6" author="Werneburg R & Steyer JS" firstAuthor="Werneburg" issue="4" journalOrPublisher="Geobios" pagination="599-607" refId="B42" refString="Werneburg R, Steyer JS (1999) Redescription of the holotype of Actinodon frossardi (Amphibian, Temnospondyli) from the Lower Rotliegend of the Autun Basin (Lower Permian, France). Geobios 32 (4): 599–607. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-6995 (99) 80009-6" title="Redescription of the holotype of Actinodon frossardi (Amphibian, Temnospondyli) from the Lower Rotliegend of the Autun Basin (Lower Permian, France)." volume="32" year="1999">Werneburg and Steyer (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. Abbreviations: ch, choane; cp, cultriform process; ec, ectopterygoid; eo, exoccipital; f, frontal; j, jugal; l, lacrimal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; p, parietal; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; po, postorbital; pp, postparietal; prf, prefrontal; ps, parasphenoid; pt, pterygoid; ptf, postfrontal; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; se, sphenethmoid; sm, septomaxilla; sq, squamosal; st, supratemporal; t, tabular; v, vomer.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="F1E07EE105D67CC29FB3A05B8F73A030" ID-DOI="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure16" ID-arpha="35CAA7E6-D875-5426-BA3C-35AB7047013D" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208670" startId="F16">
|
||||
<paragraph id="60802D5A3E92669ABF0CD6440F4E90E3">
|
||||
<label id="150182CBC2EA89C22E69B0BAA66FD125">Figure 16.</label>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="27B2E116223C4FA6A0A8BC84A8F708FD">
|
||||
Eryopid temnospondyls of the world in geological time. Abbreviations: Fm, fm., formation; NM, New Mexico (after age-calibrating in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1A33A1E68A7B1A078DA99D85B1331C82" DOI="10.1016/j.palwor.2019.09.001" author="Schneider" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Schneider" journalOrPublisher="Palaeoworld" pagination="186-238" refId="B25" refString="Schneider JW, Lucas SG, Scholze F, Voigt S, Marchetti L, Klein H, Oplustil S, Werneburg R, Golubev VK, Barrick JE, Nemyrovska T, Ronchi A, Day MO, Silantiev VV, Rößler R, Saber H, Linnemann U, Zharinova V, Shen S-Z (2020) Late Paleozoic – early Mesozoic continental biostratigraphy - Links to the Standard Global Chronostratigraphic Scale. Palaeoworld 29: 186–238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palwor.2019.09.001" title="Late Paleozoic - early Mesozoic continental biostratigraphy - Links to the Standard Global Chronostratigraphic Scale." volume="29" year="2020">Schneider et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="97EF50AA025893DB99ABF40007B34890" author="Spindler" editor="Werneburg R & Schneider JW" firstAuthor="Spindler" pagination="171-183" refId="B33" refString="Spindler F (2024) Amnioten. In: Werneburg R, Schneider JW (Eds) Rotliegend-Fauna des Thüringer Waldes: Semana Sonderveröffentlichung cap. 16: 171–183." title="Amnioten." volume="16" volumeTitle="Rotliegend-Fauna des Thüringer Waldes: Semana Sonderveröffentlichung cap." year="2024">Spindler 2024</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="ACE4531330C395E30C9C5C11A2B0A8A2">
|
||||
The lacrimal is narrower (La
|
||||
<subScript id="1114A3376B6FAD2D0F600B9D020F9BF5">w</subScript>
|
||||
/ La
|
||||
<subScript id="8DC1E05B23328F7E884B25DD37C19A09">l</subScript>
|
||||
= 0.30; Table
|
||||
<tableCitation id="9A73FF2BED5A6B5DA5A56055E6FE7BBE" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparative measurements of adult eryopid skulls (largest and smallest values in bold; after Boy 1990; Werneburg 1997, 2007; Werneburg and Berman 2012; Werneburg et al. 2023, and the present study). Institutional abbreviations. — CM, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; CMNH, Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Cleveland, Ohio; FMNH, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois; MCZ, Museum of Comparative Zoology of the Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; MHNA, Museum of Natural History, Autun, France; MMG, Museum für Mineralogie und Geologie, Dresden, Germany; NHMMZ / LS, Natural History Museum Mainz / State Collection of Natural History of Rhineland – Palatinate, Germany; NHMS, Naturhistorisches Museum Schloss Bertholdsburg, Schleusingen, Germany; NMMNH, New Mexico Museum of Natural History, Albuquerque, New Mexico; PIN, Paleontological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; UGKU, Urweltmuseum GEOSKOP / Lichtenberg Castle near Kusel, Germany. For anatomical abbreviations, see Fig. 2." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/4C2805F73BC2AE5930F9CBC7944E27F4" tableUuid="4C2805F73BC2AE5930F9CBC7944E27F4">2</tableCitation>
|
||||
) and longer than the nasal, a pattern that is further present only in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B2410E8FF81014E1698CDB0D58533F79" authorityName="Gaudry" authorityYear="1867" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Actinodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="AB143D6D3DEFE357F2C32A29F6085096" italics="true">Actinodon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
among eryopids. It is separated from the orbit by a short contact between jugal and prefrontal. The frontal is narrow like in most other eryopids and reaches anteriorly to the level of the anterior ends of prefrontal and jugal. The jugal is relatively wide (Ju
|
||||
<subScript id="A1D64DF6AB4F74D407ACF33E0BA81701">w</subScript>
|
||||
/ S
|
||||
<subScript id="CBCA4DB82647F89C3CC7C0D4A16575B7">l</subScript>
|
||||
= 0.14) and of equal width as the orbit at midlength. The left jugal constricts the orbit by a small medial expansion, whereas the orbital rim of the right jugal is not preserved in this part. The width of the skull at midlength is small (mS
|
||||
<subScript id="9CDB839763F57C4A1E83687DF5A5A3AA">w</subScript>
|
||||
/ S
|
||||
<subScript id="F1372765AC7BB26D46B4F6D2F21AAC03">l</subScript>
|
||||
= 0.86; Table
|
||||
<tableCitation id="695DE617D067E0594721C56BE42A559E" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparative measurements of adult eryopid skulls (largest and smallest values in bold; after Boy 1990; Werneburg 1997, 2007; Werneburg and Berman 2012; Werneburg et al. 2023, and the present study). Institutional abbreviations. — CM, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; CMNH, Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Cleveland, Ohio; FMNH, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois; MCZ, Museum of Comparative Zoology of the Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; MHNA, Museum of Natural History, Autun, France; MMG, Museum für Mineralogie und Geologie, Dresden, Germany; NHMMZ / LS, Natural History Museum Mainz / State Collection of Natural History of Rhineland – Palatinate, Germany; NHMS, Naturhistorisches Museum Schloss Bertholdsburg, Schleusingen, Germany; NMMNH, New Mexico Museum of Natural History, Albuquerque, New Mexico; PIN, Paleontological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; UGKU, Urweltmuseum GEOSKOP / Lichtenberg Castle near Kusel, Germany. For anatomical abbreviations, see Fig. 2." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/4C2805F73BC2AE5930F9CBC7944E27F4" tableUuid="4C2805F73BC2AE5930F9CBC7944E27F4">2</tableCitation>
|
||||
). The postorbital is triangular in outline and much narrower than in all other eryopids (Po
|
||||
<subScript id="479D999FCCD6297C759A2490157E17A2">w</subScript>
|
||||
/ Po
|
||||
<subScript id="EF9ACE9189A1DCB9DCAAC90AB4BC2E48">l</subScript>
|
||||
= 0.54, Table
|
||||
<tableCitation id="26C4E6E8F11660986A1818A0C3270D82" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparative measurements of adult eryopid skulls (largest and smallest values in bold; after Boy 1990; Werneburg 1997, 2007; Werneburg and Berman 2012; Werneburg et al. 2023, and the present study). Institutional abbreviations. — CM, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; CMNH, Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Cleveland, Ohio; FMNH, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois; MCZ, Museum of Comparative Zoology of the Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; MHNA, Museum of Natural History, Autun, France; MMG, Museum für Mineralogie und Geologie, Dresden, Germany; NHMMZ / LS, Natural History Museum Mainz / State Collection of Natural History of Rhineland – Palatinate, Germany; NHMS, Naturhistorisches Museum Schloss Bertholdsburg, Schleusingen, Germany; NMMNH, New Mexico Museum of Natural History, Albuquerque, New Mexico; PIN, Paleontological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; UGKU, Urweltmuseum GEOSKOP / Lichtenberg Castle near Kusel, Germany. For anatomical abbreviations, see Fig. 2." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/4C2805F73BC2AE5930F9CBC7944E27F4" tableUuid="4C2805F73BC2AE5930F9CBC7944E27F4">2</tableCitation>
|
||||
). The postfrontal and prefrontal clearly contact each other as in all eryopids. The prefrontal is anteriorly relatively wide and blunt (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="111C453616EA9B67DF79BDB8C990EB3A" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Syndyodosuchus tetricus Konzhukova, 1956, tentative reconstruction of the skull roof in dorsal view (A), and of the palate in ventral view (B). Abbreviations: aci, foramen for carotid artery; bp, basal plate of parasphenoid; ch, choane; cp, cultriform process; ec, ectopterygoid; ept, epipterygoid; f, frontal; j, jugal; l, lacrimal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; p, parietal; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; po, postorbital; pp, postparietal; prf, prefrontal; pt, pterygoid; ptf, postfrontal; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; sm, septomaxilla; sq, squamosal; st, supratemporal; t, tabular; v, vomer." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208667">13 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). It reaches anteriorly only up to the anterior level of the frontals. The posteromedial part of the postfrontal is markedly expanded like in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7E512AF1F9B4C72B446A2BBDF2A3B17F" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BE1BF02AAF3747E9EEAE9A16F28C04DC" italics="true">C. borealis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The supratemporal is 1.2–1.4 times longer than wide. It reaches posteriorly clearly below the level of the occipital condyle. The parietals extend anterior up to the level of the posterior orbital margin. They do not reach as wide posterior as the supratemporals.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CA18407604EFDFC2CE4E066D481869C5" authorityName="Konzhukova" authorityYear="1956" class="Amphibia" family="Intasuchidae" genus="Syndyodosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="459800F1FF2CC88CBBB44132CECBF9CA" italics="true">Syndyodosuchus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
bears a relatively short postparietal. The tabular is tiny – it is the proportionally smallest one in eryopids. A tabular horn is not developed. The cheek is relatively narrow (W
|
||||
<subScript id="5F2A9700C03519E9F3DD13EC60580676">w</subScript>
|
||||
/ S
|
||||
<subScript id="CD9DC1AA8D70A0718A3509628793E6B5">l</subScript>
|
||||
= 0.27; Table
|
||||
<tableCitation id="15F51D57A1C4159B30C176F54F804B11" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparative measurements of adult eryopid skulls (largest and smallest values in bold; after Boy 1990; Werneburg 1997, 2007; Werneburg and Berman 2012; Werneburg et al. 2023, and the present study). Institutional abbreviations. — CM, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; CMNH, Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Cleveland, Ohio; FMNH, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois; MCZ, Museum of Comparative Zoology of the Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; MHNA, Museum of Natural History, Autun, France; MMG, Museum für Mineralogie und Geologie, Dresden, Germany; NHMMZ / LS, Natural History Museum Mainz / State Collection of Natural History of Rhineland – Palatinate, Germany; NHMS, Naturhistorisches Museum Schloss Bertholdsburg, Schleusingen, Germany; NMMNH, New Mexico Museum of Natural History, Albuquerque, New Mexico; PIN, Paleontological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; UGKU, Urweltmuseum GEOSKOP / Lichtenberg Castle near Kusel, Germany. For anatomical abbreviations, see Fig. 2." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/4C2805F73BC2AE5930F9CBC7944E27F4" tableUuid="4C2805F73BC2AE5930F9CBC7944E27F4">2</tableCitation>
|
||||
) and does not reach the relative width of the cheek in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4CF5A571A5E200151B3AFACDEBAE58D2" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nocturnus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A19EEF1EA1BACFBD57F243AE577A4210" italics="true">C. nocturnus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2ADA574BDCD42CD77828E03538CA055C" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Onchiodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6CF779C05FAB16D1221D1209947301B6" italics="true">Onchiodon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Correspondingly, the squamosal and the quadratojugal are relatively narrow.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4166B20EE97E18F0117202D4B8E52D3E">The dorsally exposed part of the quadrate between the squamosal and quadratojugal is very small, but its dorsoventral contact to the quadrate ramus of the pterygoid is extensive. Quadratojugal foramina are not visible. Lateral line sulci are not present.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="FBAF7AA95FC8E4DF6FC032400A9E2391">
|
||||
<emphasis id="ECBA79424FF7841D74B207D7CEF3B195" bold="true">
|
||||
<emphasis id="62D9F525DD3AAEB11E335A483C29F279" bold="true" italics="true">Palate and braincase</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
The palate is well preserved and can be reconstructed (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="96C6A8308A0DF420E5ADE349F4F201AF" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Syndyodosuchus tetricus Konzhukova, 1956, tentative reconstruction of the skull roof in dorsal view (A), and of the palate in ventral view (B). Abbreviations: aci, foramen for carotid artery; bp, basal plate of parasphenoid; ch, choane; cp, cultriform process; ec, ectopterygoid; ept, epipterygoid; f, frontal; j, jugal; l, lacrimal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; p, parietal; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; po, postorbital; pp, postparietal; prf, prefrontal; pt, pterygoid; ptf, postfrontal; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; sm, septomaxilla; sq, squamosal; st, supratemporal; t, tabular; v, vomer." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208667">13 B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Longitudinal ridges on the palatal bones and traces of the anterior palatal fossae on the anterior part of the vomers are not preserved.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8C1545AC6EF725DBCEF9604796DB98E6">
|
||||
The vomers are elongated, posteriorly narrow and anteriorly widened. The smallest width of both vomers (= posterior interchoanal width ICw / S
|
||||
<subScript id="845E9CBE04F5213CE2B733550C1DE905">l</subScript>
|
||||
= 0.30) is smaller than the smallest width between the narial openings (internarial width INw / S
|
||||
<subScript id="71125AD8C9D32E8980337B9E95930B49">l</subScript>
|
||||
= 0.32), but the anterior interchoanal width is equal to the internarial width. The suture between vomer and palatine is relatively short but longer than in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F3EA4D1897772280118B4D45918CAE73" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8B58CABE2F91E5DAE011CF4F998B87E8" italics="true">C. borealis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The palatine is much longer than wide. The ectopterygoid is longer than wide and of almost equal length as the palatine. Its posteriormost part is wider than the neighbouring part of the pterygoid.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="43D7059AE73089A626D0C8B1AFD1D608">
|
||||
The palatal dentition corresponds to that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="29791737FC71507FCA5ADCC925EC9E3D" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B1483B2488F9F734ED67C000341CEA9C" italics="true">C. borealis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The palatine bears two relatively large fangs, one on the anterior and one on the posterior part. The palatine fangs are of similar size as the largest premaxillary teeth. The ectopterygoid bears a fang pair on its posterior part which is only slightly smaller than the fangs of the palatine. The fangs on the vomer are located on two separate tooth places and have the same size as the ectopterygoid fangs. One fang is located anterior to the choana (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FA53F641E4C05C133F7F0F3B432F58E3" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Syndyodosuchus tetricus Konzhukova, 1956, further specimens, a right-anterior part of a skull with choana (PIN 570 / 6) in ventral view (A, B), and dorsolateral view (C), and an anterior dentary with symphyseal tusk in labial view (D) and lingual view (E), from the Ufimian Intinskaya Svita (late Kungurian, Permian) of Inta (coal mine at ‘ Greater Inta River’, Komi Republic, Russia) (PIN 570 / 41). Abbreviations: ch, choana; m, maxilla; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; v, vomer." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208666">12 A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). A further, somewhat larger tooth locus with one fang is positioned medial to the choana in its anterior half. This second tooth locus on the vomer, medial to the choana is otherwise only known from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDA0BC71547199D00318F6C62599B092" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nocturnus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4BB7CC356443E387468ECD2E9D85B7F4" italics="true">C. nocturnus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1141BFC6E326AD1EE0BA9CD081A7A976" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E0DF9E94744B3901F3DDFD9AE647404F" italics="true">C. borealis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D862B9F6D34D1BA2B59A3D1E010A607F">
|
||||
The choana is longer than wide, but posteromedially expanded (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="95901A91BC0954D05884E6C34005DE51" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Syndyodosuchus tetricus Konzhukova, 1956, further specimens, a right-anterior part of a skull with choana (PIN 570 / 6) in ventral view (A, B), and dorsolateral view (C), and an anterior dentary with symphyseal tusk in labial view (D) and lingual view (E), from the Ufimian Intinskaya Svita (late Kungurian, Permian) of Inta (coal mine at ‘ Greater Inta River’, Komi Republic, Russia) (PIN 570 / 41). Abbreviations: ch, choana; m, maxilla; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; v, vomer." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208666">12 A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
) like in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E234C5D1FE38C9A5A4C3211880C9E012" authorityName="Gaudry" authorityYear="1867" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Actinodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="AEAD79584DCD49C8AC0DDFB2612FF8D0" italics="true">Actinodon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDA7B13EF3EC56BAADA46A755DB6CEDE" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nocturnus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A5A3E33A4BF66FD34464CDF6554C8E3A" italics="true">C. nocturnus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3D7BC7187AAACB3E2FA946F43FD4433B" baseAuthorityName="Sawin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Eryops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megacephalus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6EC86AC0FD0D2053CA613FA9982977C4" italics="true">E. megacephalus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="04AED5BB2AB3551BE110846F4F168070">
|
||||
The palatinal ramus of the pterygoid is overall narrow. The transverse flange of the pterygoid is poorly developed like in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="85874C73CF78FA6E44605E25C540B0E2" baseAuthorityName="Werneburg and Berman" baseAuthorityYear="2012" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Glaukerpeton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2E80BDB69E43068FF3BFC84F002CEC80" italics="true">Glaukerpeton</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The palatinal ramus and the short basipterygoid ramus are only slightly curved and therefore, the interpterygoid vacuities are narrower than in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="21D34ECF8FBB8EBFF7635B6B55F49558" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D2FB4BCF7FA76C9B24F1463C2D7947B2" italics="true">Clamorosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and more similar to the vacuities of the other eryopids. The orbits are partially obscured by the pterygoids in ventral view, again in contrast to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6CDFF77BA8AC1DD0C1EE37DEE4582EA8" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="874D36C1117850F4542BD4194EFDFFEE" italics="true">Clamorosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Polygonal bony plates covering the interpterygoid vacuities are not preserved.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="FE2292A04EFAD5930D14EFB028230E36">
|
||||
The large bony plate lying between the basipterygoid ramus of the right pterygoid and the skull roof is interpreted as footplate of the epipterygoid (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="97152594A88268FE21BEA5117DC13DF2" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Syndyodosuchus tetricus Konzhukova, 1956, holotype PIN 570 / 40 with palate in ventral view and premaxilla plus maxilla in lateral view (A, B), from the Ufimian Intinskaya Svita (late Kungurian, Permian) of Inta (coal mine at ‘ Greater Inta River’, Komi Republic, Russia). Abbreviations: aci, foramen for carotid artery; bp, basal plate of parasphenoid; ch, choane; cp, cultriform process; ec, ectopterygoid; ept, epipterygoid; pq, paraquadrate foramen of quadratojugal; j, jugal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; o, orbita; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; pt, pterygoid; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; stp, stapes; v, vomer." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208665">11 A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Remains of the ascending process are not preserved. A similar large footplate is known from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="871CD892609BF84729CDAE9B96CED836" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DA99B77ECEEC0A2B8855D003024A3A5F" italics="true">C. borealis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E24F56AF8D2A00C1DDD0B22EAFD7D146" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Clamorosaurus borealis Gubin, 1983, holotype PIN 3950 / 1 with palate and mandibles in ventral view (A, B), and the quadrate condyle in medial view (C), from the Ufimian Intinskaya Svita (late Kungurian, Permian) of Inta (coal mine 9, Komi Republic, Russia). Abbreviations: bp, basal plate of parasphenoid; ch, choane; cp, cultriform process; d, dentary; ec, ectopterygoid; ept, epipterygoid; fo. pq + fo. pqa, paraquadrate and accessory paraquadrate foramina of quadratojugal; fo. q, foramen in quadrate; m, maxilla; md, mandible; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; pt, pterygoid; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; t, tabular; v, vomer." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208662">8 B</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="16F3EA79081E5C872F2556CBC8A5DB28" baseAuthorityName="Warren" baseAuthorityYear="2007" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Eryops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="47955A10F6F25B9957298FD92A4B3EA7" italics="true">Eryops</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(see above).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="AE18A197F14CAD39344F2891A40C92C9">
|
||||
The short basipterygoid process of the pterygoid overlapped the wide basipterygoid pocket of the parasphenoidal basal plate and might have formed a movable articulation (Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation id="A55389E4AB4CAFAB8B058FEB8CEBF75A" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Syndyodosuchus tetricus Konzhukova, 1956, holotype PIN 570 / 40 with palate in ventral view and premaxilla plus maxilla in lateral view (A, B), from the Ufimian Intinskaya Svita (late Kungurian, Permian) of Inta (coal mine at ‘ Greater Inta River’, Komi Republic, Russia). Abbreviations: aci, foramen for carotid artery; bp, basal plate of parasphenoid; ch, choane; cp, cultriform process; ec, ectopterygoid; ept, epipterygoid; pq, paraquadrate foramen of quadratojugal; j, jugal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; o, orbita; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; pt, pterygoid; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; stp, stapes; v, vomer." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208665">11 A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="830564551F9A68E06BE01E9C07837FCC" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Syndyodosuchus tetricus Konzhukova, 1956, tentative reconstruction of the skull roof in dorsal view (A), and of the palate in ventral view (B). Abbreviations: aci, foramen for carotid artery; bp, basal plate of parasphenoid; ch, choane; cp, cultriform process; ec, ectopterygoid; ept, epipterygoid; f, frontal; j, jugal; l, lacrimal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; p, parietal; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; po, postorbital; pp, postparietal; prf, prefrontal; pt, pterygoid; ptf, postfrontal; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; sm, septomaxilla; sq, squamosal; st, supratemporal; t, tabular; v, vomer." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208667">13 B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The cultriform process of the parasphenoid is narrow and longer than the vomer, like in all other eryopids with the exception of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="55399AC8B15B8C402E5254ABE993227E" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="74FD6A2FE1D9DA97DDA23C897B3ECEE3" italics="true">C. borealis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The basal plate of the parasphenoid has a narrow rectangular shape; its ventral surface has no clear furrows but foramina for the carotid artery between the basipterygoid pockets and the denticle field in ventral view (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="BD8871C697C37DD73687FA2DD146985D" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Syndyodosuchus tetricus Konzhukova, 1956, holotype PIN 570 / 40 with palate in ventral view and premaxilla plus maxilla in lateral view (A, B), from the Ufimian Intinskaya Svita (late Kungurian, Permian) of Inta (coal mine at ‘ Greater Inta River’, Komi Republic, Russia). Abbreviations: aci, foramen for carotid artery; bp, basal plate of parasphenoid; ch, choane; cp, cultriform process; ec, ectopterygoid; ept, epipterygoid; pq, paraquadrate foramen of quadratojugal; j, jugal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; o, orbita; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; pt, pterygoid; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; stp, stapes; v, vomer." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208665">11 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The large denticle field starts widened on the anterior part of the basal plate and extends anteriorly between the carotid foramina up to the base of the cultriform process. This anterior field is not clearly triangular or rounded. Further denticles are only preserved on the palatinal branch of the pterygoid. The articular condyle of the quadrate is well bilobed and transversely expanded. The posteroventral part of the quadratojugal bears a narrow bridge whose posterior boss-like end sutures with the quadrate. This bony bridge is pierced from posterolateral to anteromedial by the paraquadrate foramen (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="A9C9E7C039BD0F93B24E444BA61E5124" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Syndyodosuchus tetricus Konzhukova, 1956, holotype PIN 570 / 40 with palate in ventral view and premaxilla plus maxilla in lateral view (A, B), from the Ufimian Intinskaya Svita (late Kungurian, Permian) of Inta (coal mine at ‘ Greater Inta River’, Komi Republic, Russia). Abbreviations: aci, foramen for carotid artery; bp, basal plate of parasphenoid; ch, choane; cp, cultriform process; ec, ectopterygoid; ept, epipterygoid; pq, paraquadrate foramen of quadratojugal; j, jugal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; o, orbita; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; pt, pterygoid; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; stp, stapes; v, vomer." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208665">11 A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The sphenethmoid, basioccipital and exoccipitals are not recorded. The stapes of the visceral skeleton is only preserved with a small part of the shaft (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="88D4EC1881404E72100B2815AA63667E" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Syndyodosuchus tetricus Konzhukova, 1956, holotype PIN 570 / 40 with palate in ventral view and premaxilla plus maxilla in lateral view (A, B), from the Ufimian Intinskaya Svita (late Kungurian, Permian) of Inta (coal mine at ‘ Greater Inta River’, Komi Republic, Russia). Abbreviations: aci, foramen for carotid artery; bp, basal plate of parasphenoid; ch, choane; cp, cultriform process; ec, ectopterygoid; ept, epipterygoid; pq, paraquadrate foramen of quadratojugal; j, jugal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; o, orbita; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; pt, pterygoid; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; stp, stapes; v, vomer." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208665">11 A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D2A2624CD590F21BC8CEC2C5DC7F979E">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DED1A34677D350B8545FF87F5247FF2C" bold="true">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9B314C5002B034828088FF7FE71B28CB" bold="true" italics="true">Mandible</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
The anterior part of an isolated right dentary has a heterodont dentition with a wave-like profile of the tooth series. One large symphyseal tooth and a possible tooth place are preserved (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E695C3D13FF7A403FC8B3F6672A3B645" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Syndyodosuchus tetricus Konzhukova, 1956, further specimens, a right-anterior part of a skull with choana (PIN 570 / 6) in ventral view (A, B), and dorsolateral view (C), and an anterior dentary with symphyseal tusk in labial view (D) and lingual view (E), from the Ufimian Intinskaya Svita (late Kungurian, Permian) of Inta (coal mine at ‘ Greater Inta River’, Komi Republic, Russia) (PIN 570 / 41). Abbreviations: ch, choana; m, maxilla; pl, palatine; pm, premaxilla; v, vomer." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e125460.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1208666">12 E</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
111
data/C1/1D/A1/C11DA1E378135B3A8948368AF06AD2C6.xml
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111
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<mods:title id="95C6EBDE8DF9FE9750BE88B3D15441C3">The last eryopids: Clamorosaurus and Syndyodosuchus from the late Kungurian (Cisuralian, Permian) of Russia revisited</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="689D833A764E0199A4337D23A6B2B2EC">Witzmann, Florian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="785089D540E27224065FA7F2C1D85D35">Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstraße 43, D- 10115 Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="C11DA1E378135B3A8948368AF06AD2C6" ID-arpha="C11DA1E3-7813-5B3A-8948-368AF06AD2C6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C11DA1E378135B3A8948368AF06AD2C6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C11DA1E378135B3A8948368AF06AD2C6" scope_class="Amphibia" scope_family="Eryopidae" scope_order="Temnospondyli">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="078178E0B2F9DDCE9F6EF63D748B006E" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="BCF406D375D5F81FD59199272318B5A7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A4A3EC2A7D63B5BF5DEC8BE21D5A59DD" authority="Gubin, 1983" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3F5DC09E58B107E49BF1A50476E6E5BC" italics="true">Clamorosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F7A9D6DBA559D99D13B26EF8FC91E39C" author="Gubin YM" journalOrPublisher="Palaeontologiceskij Zhurnal" pagination="110-115" refId="B6" refString="Gubin YM (1983) The first eryopids from the Permian of the East-European Platform. Palaeontologiceskij Zhurnal 1983: 110 - 115. [in Russian]" title="The first eryopids from the Permian of the East-European Platform." volume="1983" year="1983">Gubin, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBWAE" type="type_taxon">
|
||||
<paragraph id="542596661CAE4C853C354C09D2B9EA01">
|
||||
<heading id="590AE23F511FDC5A4AB1B2B8C15740ED" reason="title">Types species.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="58FE862CD9541DD0347D114C8C07A847">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D3C9106DD6AD4CB396D23F9373EB3F52" authority="Gubin, 1983" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nocturnus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="20C989F2F3B95EA980645D6C974B8C96" italics="true">Clamorosaurus nocturnus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="24237EB773AD560603B90A3E88A8AE28" author="Gubin YM" journalOrPublisher="Palaeontologiceskij Zhurnal" pagination="110-115" refId="B6" refString="Gubin YM (1983) The first eryopids from the Permian of the East-European Platform. Palaeontologiceskij Zhurnal 1983: 110 - 115. [in Russian]" title="The first eryopids from the Permian of the East-European Platform." volume="1983" year="1983">Gubin, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0ESWAE" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9BC9F3A94444847078D46D7FB897AAB6">
|
||||
<heading id="579B1A7ED82957464ACE5FA45827936E" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="49AA5B74D7DF4B1D8806EE1231E78DA2">
|
||||
Synapomorphy: (1) Very wide interpterygoid vacuities, with the orbitae not obscured in ventral view, in contrast to all other eryopids and shared with the stereospondylomorph
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="832A80D51710DC1AA9FF139010914A83" authorityName="Konzhukova" authorityYear="1953" class="Amphibia" family="Intasuchidae" genus="Intasuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2E885808EA480F1546D36BA3D31D357D" italics="true">Intasuchus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2234816B98C5590E04232419F135F64E" author="Konzhukova" firstAuthor="Konzhukova" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR" pagination="5-50" refId="B11" refString="Konzhukova ED (1956) The Intan Lower Permian fauna of the northern Ural region. Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR 62: 5–50. [in Russian]" title="The Intan Lower Permian fauna of the northern Ural region." volume="62" year="1956">Konzhukova 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3EBCFE37278140B1E64FBC438A2121A5" DOI="10.37520/fi.2020.019" author="Werneburg" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Werneburg" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Fossil Imprint" pagination="217-242" refId="B44" refString="Werneburg R, Štamberg S, Steyer J-S (2020) A new stereospondylomorph, Korkonterpeton kalnense gen. et sp. nov., from lower Permian of the Czech Krkonoše Piedmont Basin and a redescription of Intasuchus silvicola from the lower Permian of Russia (Temnospondyli, Amphibia). Fossil Imprint 76 (2): 217–242. https://doi.org/10.37520/fi.2020.019" title="A new stereospondylomorph, Korkonterpeton kalnense gen. et sp. nov., from lower Permian of the Czech Krkonoše Piedmont Basin and a redescription of Intasuchus silvicola from the lower Permian of Russia (Temnospondyli, Amphibia)." volume="76" year="2020">Werneburg et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), however, in contrast to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5050F388BD72EA799D0CD898A637F6EE" authorityName="Konzhukova" authorityYear="1953" class="Amphibia" family="Intasuchidae" genus="Intasuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F9C8823C47504D31071FC9789AD87780" italics="true">Intasuchus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the interpterygoid vacuities of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CE012832BC2A0A1EB0CAEE259EF2B121" authorityName="Gubin" authorityYear="1983" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Clamorosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="FC05834BC6D79A8B630996FB6160B87F" italics="true">Clamorosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are unique in being anteriorly widened.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="AD5FBEA82245AE052555C89EE9EC0651">
|
||||
Characters shared with certain eryopids: (2) Premaxillary snout region laterally constricted at the level of the external naris, shared with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="322B751CCB66ED799944D6F32A0AFCCC" baseAuthorityName="Warren" baseAuthorityYear="2007" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Eryops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6BE80EE65469DEA35C4B86BC4EED756D" italics="true">Eryops</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C611D72FE74DD55383D12F1833A79937" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Osteophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E24B32E7258E5D5E5668AE565C630357" italics="true">Osteophorus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; (3) Skull very wide, shared with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EB71A79D5D1779D4D3B275906221FA52" class="Amphibia" family="Eryopidae" genus="Onchiodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Temnospondyli" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CF3A5C40647A7DA1BFE5BF971127EC4C" italics="true">Onchiodon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; (4) Fangs on the vomer located on two separate circular tooth pits, one medial to the anterior edge of the choanae and one medial to the choana at its midlength. Shared with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8A7D9916FC8411DFAFFF581B228CB86F" authorityName="Konzhukova" authorityYear="1956" class="Amphibia" family="Intasuchidae" genus="Syndyodosuchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3E14B7D1528461B87C9FAF1E82050A3E" italics="true">Syndyodosuchus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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Reference in a new issue