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<mods:title id="7CE2CB4D7523DF772C569E6F9254015D">Sporolithon mesophoticum sp. nov. (Sporolithales, Rhodophyta) from Plantagenet Bank off Bermuda at a depth of 178 m</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="42C45D1F623E04984B56D86A2D785978">Sporolithon mesophoticum sp. nov. (Sporolithales, Rhodophyta) from Plantagenet Bank off Bermuda at a depth of 178 m</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0D8640AA3100112931E8AB82A88597CC">Richards, Joseph L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6BC66905F1C12947C748C38FDDA0DB26">University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Biology Department, Lafayette, LA 70504 - 3602, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="16C7C8197343DF1BAA37B5916EF0AAE4">Richards, Joseph L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C7C0C82AC375F049593F0BCFEC304F87">University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Biology Department, Lafayette, LA 70504 - 3602, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FBF02F450CC2870C08FE73A8D64F4616">Gabrielson, Paul W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="803C09F1140849404C478EF836EFB656">Biology Department and Herbarium, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Coker Hall CB 3280, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 - 3280, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1C86C8DF0CDC94853F5B9A6B29110F09">Gabrielson, Paul W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3F43500D21925A342166EF94FD75F01F">Biology Department and Herbarium, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Coker Hall CB 3280, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 - 3280, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9B29652F56F90351F43B1CF506FC6F56">Schneider, Craig W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="63A2202EC2C270E76BA6FD68B434E90E">Department of Biology, Trinity College, Hartford, Connecticut, 06106, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3F2B2DD012343A29C78AE71C16EE69B8">Schneider, Craig W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DB14A8831423F6DEB9E9240BFA8280A3">Department of Biology, Trinity College, Hartford, Connecticut, 06106, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="5A42ED271CE940837A853B1510B8B914">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ J.Richards, P.W.Gabrielson & C.W.Schneider
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="03F8A4471147FFB622ACFADBFBA0D97D" box="[977,1062,1284,1309]" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(
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<figureCitation id="B284D9AB1147FFB62549FADBFB4FD97D" box="[1076,1225,1284,1309]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 2–8" captionStart-1="FIGURES 9–12" captionStartId-0="5.[136,243,1841,1862]" captionStartId-1="6.[136,243,1109,1130]" captionTargetBox-0="[215,1372,198,1816]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,186,1086]" captionTargetId-0="figure-14@5.[215,1372,190,1816]" captionTargetId-1="figure-15@6.[151,1436,175,1086]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURES 2–8. Sporolithon mesophoticum Holotype, NCU 658543. 2. Habit of holotype. Scale bar = 3 cm. 3. Fracture of rhodolith showing sedimentary composition of nodule below S. mesophoticum crust. Scale bar = 0.8 mm. 4. Partial surface and section view of thallus (brackets) over substratum consisting of sedimentary material including remains of invertebrate organisms (arrows). Scale bar = 138 μm. 5. Vertical fracture of thallus showing monomerous construction. Scale bar = 60 μm. 6. Cell fusion (arrow). Scale bar = 13.8 μm. 7. Section and partial surface view showing epithallial cell (arrow), meristematic cell (*), and layers of short, flattened perithallial cells (P). Scale bar = 9.2 μm. 8. Surface and section view of epithallial cell (bracket, arrow), and section views of putative meristematic cell (*) and perithallial cell (P). Scale bar = 6.3 μm." captionText-1="FIGURES 9–12. Sporolithon mesophoticum Holotype, NCU 658543. 9. Surface view of tetrasporangial sori (arrows). Scale bar = 0.1 cm. 10. Surface view of tetrasprangial sorus with pores (arrows). Scale bar = 258 μm. 11. Surface view of tetrasprangial sorus with pores (arrows) including portion where upper cell layers were removed (bracket) showing top-down view of tetrasporangial compartments (stars). Scale bar = 164 μm. 12. Surface view of a tetrasporangial pore (*) with rosette cells (circle pointers). Scale bar = 27 μm." pageId="6" pageNumber="73">Figures 2–12</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="B284D9AB1147FFB62549FADBFB4FD97D" box="[1076,1225,1284,1309]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 2–8" captionStart-1="FIGURES 9–12" captionStartId-0="5.[136,243,1841,1862]" captionStartId-1="6.[136,243,1109,1130]" captionTargetBox-0="[215,1372,198,1816]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,186,1086]" captionTargetId-0="figure-14@5.[215,1372,190,1816]" captionTargetId-1="figure-15@6.[151,1436,175,1086]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURES 2–8. Sporolithon mesophoticum Holotype, NCU 658543. 2. Habit of holotype. Scale bar = 3 cm. 3. Fracture of rhodolith showing sedimentary composition of nodule below S. mesophoticum crust. Scale bar = 0.8 mm. 4. Partial surface and section view of thallus (brackets) over substratum consisting of sedimentary material including remains of invertebrate organisms (arrows). Scale bar = 138 μm. 5. Vertical fracture of thallus showing monomerous construction. Scale bar = 60 μm. 6. Cell fusion (arrow). Scale bar = 13.8 μm. 7. Section and partial surface view showing epithallial cell (arrow), meristematic cell (*), and layers of short, flattened perithallial cells (P). Scale bar = 9.2 μm. 8. Surface and section view of epithallial cell (bracket, arrow), and section views of putative meristematic cell (*) and perithallial cell (P). Scale bar = 6.3 μm." captionText-1="FIGURES 9–12. Sporolithon mesophoticum Holotype, NCU 658543. 9. Surface view of tetrasporangial sori (arrows). Scale bar = 0.1 cm. 10. Surface view of tetrasprangial sorus with pores (arrows). Scale bar = 258 μm. 11. Surface view of tetrasprangial sorus with pores (arrows) including portion where upper cell layers were removed (bracket) showing top-down view of tetrasporangial compartments (stars). Scale bar = 164 μm. 12. Surface view of a tetrasporangial pore (*) with rosette cells (circle pointers). Scale bar = 27 μm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13725905" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13725907" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13725905/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13725907/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="73">Figures 2–12</figureCitation>
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)
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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@ -131,23 +132,23 @@ specimen was collected.
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<paragraph id="2A00C52E1147FFB621C0FA24FA9ADBBE" blockId="6.[136,1452,1355,2084]" pageId="6" pageNumber="73">
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<emphasis id="18CB193C1147FFB621C0FA24FEC7DA74" box="[189,321,1531,1556]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="73">Description</emphasis>
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: Thallus non-geniculate, forming a nucleated rhodolith with a thin crust (120–150 μm) growing over a core of consolidated sedimentary material and fragments of invertebrate organisms, putatively identified as bryozoans (
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<figureCitation id="B284D9AB1147FFB62073F99DFEFFDA3B" box="[270,377,1602,1627]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–8" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1841,1862]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,198,1816]" captionTargetId="figure-14@5.[215,1372,190,1816]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 2–8. Sporolithon mesophoticum Holotype, NCU 658543. 2. Habit of holotype. Scale bar = 3 cm. 3. Fracture of rhodolith showing sedimentary composition of nodule below S. mesophoticum crust. Scale bar = 0.8 mm. 4. Partial surface and section view of thallus (brackets) over substratum consisting of sedimentary material including remains of invertebrate organisms (arrows). Scale bar = 138 μm. 5. Vertical fracture of thallus showing monomerous construction. Scale bar = 60 μm. 6. Cell fusion (arrow). Scale bar = 13.8 μm. 7. Section and partial surface view showing epithallial cell (arrow), meristematic cell (*), and layers of short, flattened perithallial cells (P). Scale bar = 9.2 μm. 8. Surface and section view of epithallial cell (bracket, arrow), and section views of putative meristematic cell (*) and perithallial cell (P). Scale bar = 6.3 μm." pageId="6" pageNumber="73">Figs 2–4</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="B284D9AB1147FFB62073F99DFEFFDA3B" box="[270,377,1602,1627]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–8" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1841,1862]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,198,1816]" captionTargetId="figure-14@5.[215,1372,190,1816]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 2–8. Sporolithon mesophoticum Holotype, NCU 658543. 2. Habit of holotype. Scale bar = 3 cm. 3. Fracture of rhodolith showing sedimentary composition of nodule below S. mesophoticum crust. Scale bar = 0.8 mm. 4. Partial surface and section view of thallus (brackets) over substratum consisting of sedimentary material including remains of invertebrate organisms (arrows). Scale bar = 138 μm. 5. Vertical fracture of thallus showing monomerous construction. Scale bar = 60 μm. 6. Cell fusion (arrow). Scale bar = 13.8 μm. 7. Section and partial surface view showing epithallial cell (arrow), meristematic cell (*), and layers of short, flattened perithallial cells (P). Scale bar = 9.2 μm. 8. Surface and section view of epithallial cell (bracket, arrow), and section views of putative meristematic cell (*) and perithallial cell (P). Scale bar = 6.3 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13725905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13725905/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="73">Figs 2–4</figureCitation>
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), found growing in a mesophotic benthic habitat. Thallus construction monomerous, with a weakly developed hypothallium (
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<figureCitation id="B284D9AB1147FFB6237EF9BAFDEADA1E" box="[515,620,1637,1662]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–8" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1841,1862]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,198,1816]" captionTargetId="figure-14@5.[215,1372,190,1816]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 2–8. Sporolithon mesophoticum Holotype, NCU 658543. 2. Habit of holotype. Scale bar = 3 cm. 3. Fracture of rhodolith showing sedimentary composition of nodule below S. mesophoticum crust. Scale bar = 0.8 mm. 4. Partial surface and section view of thallus (brackets) over substratum consisting of sedimentary material including remains of invertebrate organisms (arrows). Scale bar = 138 μm. 5. Vertical fracture of thallus showing monomerous construction. Scale bar = 60 μm. 6. Cell fusion (arrow). Scale bar = 13.8 μm. 7. Section and partial surface view showing epithallial cell (arrow), meristematic cell (*), and layers of short, flattened perithallial cells (P). Scale bar = 9.2 μm. 8. Surface and section view of epithallial cell (bracket, arrow), and section views of putative meristematic cell (*) and perithallial cell (P). Scale bar = 6.3 μm." pageId="6" pageNumber="73">Figs 4–5</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B284D9AB1147FFB6237EF9BAFDEADA1E" box="[515,620,1637,1662]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–8" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1841,1862]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,198,1816]" captionTargetId="figure-14@5.[215,1372,190,1816]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 2–8. Sporolithon mesophoticum Holotype, NCU 658543. 2. Habit of holotype. Scale bar = 3 cm. 3. Fracture of rhodolith showing sedimentary composition of nodule below S. mesophoticum crust. Scale bar = 0.8 mm. 4. Partial surface and section view of thallus (brackets) over substratum consisting of sedimentary material including remains of invertebrate organisms (arrows). Scale bar = 138 μm. 5. Vertical fracture of thallus showing monomerous construction. Scale bar = 60 μm. 6. Cell fusion (arrow). Scale bar = 13.8 μm. 7. Section and partial surface view showing epithallial cell (arrow), meristematic cell (*), and layers of short, flattened perithallial cells (P). Scale bar = 9.2 μm. 8. Surface and section view of epithallial cell (bracket, arrow), and section views of putative meristematic cell (*) and perithallial cell (P). Scale bar = 6.3 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13725905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13725905/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="73">Figs 4–5</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Hypothallial cells rectangular in shape, 14–19 μm long x 5–8 μm wide (n=4). In some locations two superimposed layers of thalli were observed, though extensive layering was not observed. Adjacent hypothallial and perithallial cells linked by cell fusions (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B284D9AB1147FFB62219F974FC21DAA4" box="[868,935,1707,1732]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–8" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1841,1862]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,198,1816]" captionTargetId="figure-14@5.[215,1372,190,1816]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 2–8. Sporolithon mesophoticum Holotype, NCU 658543. 2. Habit of holotype. Scale bar = 3 cm. 3. Fracture of rhodolith showing sedimentary composition of nodule below S. mesophoticum crust. Scale bar = 0.8 mm. 4. Partial surface and section view of thallus (brackets) over substratum consisting of sedimentary material including remains of invertebrate organisms (arrows). Scale bar = 138 μm. 5. Vertical fracture of thallus showing monomerous construction. Scale bar = 60 μm. 6. Cell fusion (arrow). Scale bar = 13.8 μm. 7. Section and partial surface view showing epithallial cell (arrow), meristematic cell (*), and layers of short, flattened perithallial cells (P). Scale bar = 9.2 μm. 8. Surface and section view of epithallial cell (bracket, arrow), and section views of putative meristematic cell (*) and perithallial cell (P). Scale bar = 6.3 μm." pageId="6" pageNumber="73">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B284D9AB1147FFB62219F974FC21DAA4" box="[868,935,1707,1732]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–8" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1841,1862]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,198,1816]" captionTargetId="figure-14@5.[215,1372,190,1816]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 2–8. Sporolithon mesophoticum Holotype, NCU 658543. 2. Habit of holotype. Scale bar = 3 cm. 3. Fracture of rhodolith showing sedimentary composition of nodule below S. mesophoticum crust. Scale bar = 0.8 mm. 4. Partial surface and section view of thallus (brackets) over substratum consisting of sedimentary material including remains of invertebrate organisms (arrows). Scale bar = 138 μm. 5. Vertical fracture of thallus showing monomerous construction. Scale bar = 60 μm. 6. Cell fusion (arrow). Scale bar = 13.8 μm. 7. Section and partial surface view showing epithallial cell (arrow), meristematic cell (*), and layers of short, flattened perithallial cells (P). Scale bar = 9.2 μm. 8. Surface and section view of epithallial cell (bracket, arrow), and section views of putative meristematic cell (*) and perithallial cell (P). Scale bar = 6.3 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13725905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13725905/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="73">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
); secondary pit connections not observed. The upper perithallium was comprised of layers of wide, flattened cells, 3.1–5.1 μm long x 10.6–16.4 μm wide (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B284D9AB1147FFB62444F911FA18DA87" box="[1337,1438,1742,1767]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–8" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1841,1862]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,198,1816]" captionTargetId="figure-14@5.[215,1372,190,1816]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 2–8. Sporolithon mesophoticum Holotype, NCU 658543. 2. Habit of holotype. Scale bar = 3 cm. 3. Fracture of rhodolith showing sedimentary composition of nodule below S. mesophoticum crust. Scale bar = 0.8 mm. 4. Partial surface and section view of thallus (brackets) over substratum consisting of sedimentary material including remains of invertebrate organisms (arrows). Scale bar = 138 μm. 5. Vertical fracture of thallus showing monomerous construction. Scale bar = 60 μm. 6. Cell fusion (arrow). Scale bar = 13.8 μm. 7. Section and partial surface view showing epithallial cell (arrow), meristematic cell (*), and layers of short, flattened perithallial cells (P). Scale bar = 9.2 μm. 8. Surface and section view of epithallial cell (bracket, arrow), and section views of putative meristematic cell (*) and perithallial cell (P). Scale bar = 6.3 μm." pageId="6" pageNumber="73">Figs 7–8</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B284D9AB1147FFB62444F911FA18DA87" box="[1337,1438,1742,1767]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–8" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1841,1862]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,198,1816]" captionTargetId="figure-14@5.[215,1372,190,1816]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 2–8. Sporolithon mesophoticum Holotype, NCU 658543. 2. Habit of holotype. Scale bar = 3 cm. 3. Fracture of rhodolith showing sedimentary composition of nodule below S. mesophoticum crust. Scale bar = 0.8 mm. 4. Partial surface and section view of thallus (brackets) over substratum consisting of sedimentary material including remains of invertebrate organisms (arrows). Scale bar = 138 μm. 5. Vertical fracture of thallus showing monomerous construction. Scale bar = 60 μm. 6. Cell fusion (arrow). Scale bar = 13.8 μm. 7. Section and partial surface view showing epithallial cell (arrow), meristematic cell (*), and layers of short, flattened perithallial cells (P). Scale bar = 9.2 μm. 8. Surface and section view of epithallial cell (bracket, arrow), and section views of putative meristematic cell (*) and perithallial cell (P). Scale bar = 6.3 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13725905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13725905/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="73">Figs 7–8</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Meristematic cells also appeared wide and flattened, 2.5–6.1 μm long x 10.5–17.8 μm wide (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B284D9AB1147FFB625D6F92DFA94DB6B" box="[1195,1298,1778,1803]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–8" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1841,1862]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,198,1816]" captionTargetId="figure-14@5.[215,1372,190,1816]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 2–8. Sporolithon mesophoticum Holotype, NCU 658543. 2. Habit of holotype. Scale bar = 3 cm. 3. Fracture of rhodolith showing sedimentary composition of nodule below S. mesophoticum crust. Scale bar = 0.8 mm. 4. Partial surface and section view of thallus (brackets) over substratum consisting of sedimentary material including remains of invertebrate organisms (arrows). Scale bar = 138 μm. 5. Vertical fracture of thallus showing monomerous construction. Scale bar = 60 μm. 6. Cell fusion (arrow). Scale bar = 13.8 μm. 7. Section and partial surface view showing epithallial cell (arrow), meristematic cell (*), and layers of short, flattened perithallial cells (P). Scale bar = 9.2 μm. 8. Surface and section view of epithallial cell (bracket, arrow), and section views of putative meristematic cell (*) and perithallial cell (P). Scale bar = 6.3 μm." pageId="6" pageNumber="73">Figs 7–8</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B284D9AB1147FFB625D6F92DFA94DB6B" box="[1195,1298,1778,1803]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–8" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1841,1862]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,198,1816]" captionTargetId="figure-14@5.[215,1372,190,1816]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 2–8. Sporolithon mesophoticum Holotype, NCU 658543. 2. Habit of holotype. Scale bar = 3 cm. 3. Fracture of rhodolith showing sedimentary composition of nodule below S. mesophoticum crust. Scale bar = 0.8 mm. 4. Partial surface and section view of thallus (brackets) over substratum consisting of sedimentary material including remains of invertebrate organisms (arrows). Scale bar = 138 μm. 5. Vertical fracture of thallus showing monomerous construction. Scale bar = 60 μm. 6. Cell fusion (arrow). Scale bar = 13.8 μm. 7. Section and partial surface view showing epithallial cell (arrow), meristematic cell (*), and layers of short, flattened perithallial cells (P). Scale bar = 9.2 μm. 8. Surface and section view of epithallial cell (bracket, arrow), and section views of putative meristematic cell (*) and perithallial cell (P). Scale bar = 6.3 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13725905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13725905/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="73">Figs 7–8</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Epithallium (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B284D9AB1147FFB621EDF8CAFF71DB4E" box="[144,247,1813,1838]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–8" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1841,1862]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,198,1816]" captionTargetId="figure-14@5.[215,1372,190,1816]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 2–8. Sporolithon mesophoticum Holotype, NCU 658543. 2. Habit of holotype. Scale bar = 3 cm. 3. Fracture of rhodolith showing sedimentary composition of nodule below S. mesophoticum crust. Scale bar = 0.8 mm. 4. Partial surface and section view of thallus (brackets) over substratum consisting of sedimentary material including remains of invertebrate organisms (arrows). Scale bar = 138 μm. 5. Vertical fracture of thallus showing monomerous construction. Scale bar = 60 μm. 6. Cell fusion (arrow). Scale bar = 13.8 μm. 7. Section and partial surface view showing epithallial cell (arrow), meristematic cell (*), and layers of short, flattened perithallial cells (P). Scale bar = 9.2 μm. 8. Surface and section view of epithallial cell (bracket, arrow), and section views of putative meristematic cell (*) and perithallial cell (P). Scale bar = 6.3 μm." pageId="6" pageNumber="73">Figs 7–8</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B284D9AB1147FFB621EDF8CAFF71DB4E" box="[144,247,1813,1838]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–8" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1841,1862]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,198,1816]" captionTargetId="figure-14@5.[215,1372,190,1816]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 2–8. Sporolithon mesophoticum Holotype, NCU 658543. 2. Habit of holotype. Scale bar = 3 cm. 3. Fracture of rhodolith showing sedimentary composition of nodule below S. mesophoticum crust. Scale bar = 0.8 mm. 4. Partial surface and section view of thallus (brackets) over substratum consisting of sedimentary material including remains of invertebrate organisms (arrows). Scale bar = 138 μm. 5. Vertical fracture of thallus showing monomerous construction. Scale bar = 60 μm. 6. Cell fusion (arrow). Scale bar = 13.8 μm. 7. Section and partial surface view showing epithallial cell (arrow), meristematic cell (*), and layers of short, flattened perithallial cells (P). Scale bar = 9.2 μm. 8. Surface and section view of epithallial cell (bracket, arrow), and section views of putative meristematic cell (*) and perithallial cell (P). Scale bar = 6.3 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13725905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13725905/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="73">Figs 7–8</figureCitation>
|
||||
) a single layer of armored epithallial cells that are and very flattened, with thick, heavily calcified cell walls and a small round or slightly trapezoidal shaped lumen, 1.2–2.0 μm long x 4.8–7.0 μm wide (n=7) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B284D9AB1147FFB6241DF8E7FA19DB31" box="[1376,1439,1848,1873]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–8" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1841,1862]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,198,1816]" captionTargetId="figure-14@5.[215,1372,190,1816]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 2–8. Sporolithon mesophoticum Holotype, NCU 658543. 2. Habit of holotype. Scale bar = 3 cm. 3. Fracture of rhodolith showing sedimentary composition of nodule below S. mesophoticum crust. Scale bar = 0.8 mm. 4. Partial surface and section view of thallus (brackets) over substratum consisting of sedimentary material including remains of invertebrate organisms (arrows). Scale bar = 138 μm. 5. Vertical fracture of thallus showing monomerous construction. Scale bar = 60 μm. 6. Cell fusion (arrow). Scale bar = 13.8 μm. 7. Section and partial surface view showing epithallial cell (arrow), meristematic cell (*), and layers of short, flattened perithallial cells (P). Scale bar = 9.2 μm. 8. Surface and section view of epithallial cell (bracket, arrow), and section views of putative meristematic cell (*) and perithallial cell (P). Scale bar = 6.3 μm." pageId="6" pageNumber="73">Fig.8</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B284D9AB1147FFB6241DF8E7FA19DB31" box="[1376,1439,1848,1873]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–8" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1841,1862]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,198,1816]" captionTargetId="figure-14@5.[215,1372,190,1816]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 2–8. Sporolithon mesophoticum Holotype, NCU 658543. 2. Habit of holotype. Scale bar = 3 cm. 3. Fracture of rhodolith showing sedimentary composition of nodule below S. mesophoticum crust. Scale bar = 0.8 mm. 4. Partial surface and section view of thallus (brackets) over substratum consisting of sedimentary material including remains of invertebrate organisms (arrows). Scale bar = 138 μm. 5. Vertical fracture of thallus showing monomerous construction. Scale bar = 60 μm. 6. Cell fusion (arrow). Scale bar = 13.8 μm. 7. Section and partial surface view showing epithallial cell (arrow), meristematic cell (*), and layers of short, flattened perithallial cells (P). Scale bar = 9.2 μm. 8. Surface and section view of epithallial cell (bracket, arrow), and section views of putative meristematic cell (*) and perithallial cell (P). Scale bar = 6.3 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13725905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13725905/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="73">Fig.8</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Tetrasporangial sori observed from surface view were flush to slightly raised above the thallus surface and showed tetrasporangial pores surrounded by 10–14 rosette cells (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B284D9AB1147FFB62279F8A1FCFFDBF7" box="[772,889,1918,1943]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–12" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1109,1130]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,186,1086]" captionTargetId="figure-15@6.[151,1436,175,1086]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 9–12. Sporolithon mesophoticum Holotype, NCU 658543. 9. Surface view of tetrasporangial sori (arrows). Scale bar = 0.1 cm. 10. Surface view of tetrasprangial sorus with pores (arrows). Scale bar = 258 μm. 11. Surface view of tetrasprangial sorus with pores (arrows) including portion where upper cell layers were removed (bracket) showing top-down view of tetrasporangial compartments (stars). Scale bar = 164 μm. 12. Surface view of a tetrasporangial pore (*) with rosette cells (circle pointers). Scale bar = 27 μm." pageId="6" pageNumber="73">Figs 9–12</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B284D9AB1147FFB62279F8A1FCFFDBF7" box="[772,889,1918,1943]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–12" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1109,1130]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,186,1086]" captionTargetId="figure-15@6.[151,1436,175,1086]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 9–12. Sporolithon mesophoticum Holotype, NCU 658543. 9. Surface view of tetrasporangial sori (arrows). Scale bar = 0.1 cm. 10. Surface view of tetrasprangial sorus with pores (arrows). Scale bar = 258 μm. 11. Surface view of tetrasprangial sorus with pores (arrows) including portion where upper cell layers were removed (bracket) showing top-down view of tetrasporangial compartments (stars). Scale bar = 164 μm. 12. Surface view of a tetrasporangial pore (*) with rosette cells (circle pointers). Scale bar = 27 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13725907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13725907/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="73">Figs 9–12</figureCitation>
|
||||
). No evidence of sloughing of tetrasporangial sori was shown, though no buried tetrasporangial compartments were observed in section views. Surface views of a sorus where upper cell layers were removed show compactly arranged tetrasporangial compartments (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B284D9AB1147FFB625C1F81AFA88DBBE" box="[1212,1294,1989,2014]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–12" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1109,1130]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,186,1086]" captionTargetId="figure-15@6.[151,1436,175,1086]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 9–12. Sporolithon mesophoticum Holotype, NCU 658543. 9. Surface view of tetrasporangial sori (arrows). Scale bar = 0.1 cm. 10. Surface view of tetrasprangial sorus with pores (arrows). Scale bar = 258 μm. 11. Surface view of tetrasprangial sorus with pores (arrows) including portion where upper cell layers were removed (bracket) showing top-down view of tetrasporangial compartments (stars). Scale bar = 164 μm. 12. Surface view of a tetrasporangial pore (*) with rosette cells (circle pointers). Scale bar = 27 μm." pageId="6" pageNumber="73">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B284D9AB1147FFB625C1F81AFA88DBBE" box="[1212,1294,1989,2014]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–12" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1109,1130]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,186,1086]" captionTargetId="figure-15@6.[151,1436,175,1086]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 9–12. Sporolithon mesophoticum Holotype, NCU 658543. 9. Surface view of tetrasporangial sori (arrows). Scale bar = 0.1 cm. 10. Surface view of tetrasprangial sorus with pores (arrows). Scale bar = 258 μm. 11. Surface view of tetrasprangial sorus with pores (arrows) including portion where upper cell layers were removed (bracket) showing top-down view of tetrasporangial compartments (stars). Scale bar = 164 μm. 12. Surface view of a tetrasporangial pore (*) with rosette cells (circle pointers). Scale bar = 27 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13725907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13725907/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="73">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2A00C52E1147FFB621C0F837FA9DD461" blockId="6.[136,1452,1355,2084]" box="[189,1307,2024,2049]" pageId="6" pageNumber="73">
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