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<mods:title>Paramo Calamagrostis s. l. (Poaceae): An updated list and key to the species known or likely to occur in paramos of NW South America and southern Central America including two new species, one new variety and five new records for Colombia</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="E266C33944F39415E5B0A9B5C3D5E18A">Paramo Calamagrostis s. l. (Poaceae): An updated list and key to the species known or likely to occur in paramos of NW South America and southern Central America including two new species, one new variety and five new records for Colombia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Sylvester, Steven P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Soreng, Robert J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Bravo-Pedraza, William J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Cuta-Alarcon, Lia E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Giraldo-Canas, Diego</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Aguilar-Cano, Jose</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Peterson, Paul M.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="157294010" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:033F3FC84AD448467C4BF9717E5A8F51" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/033F3FC84AD448467C4BF9717E5A8F51" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<taxonomicName LSID="033F3FC8-4AD4-4846-7C4B-F9717E5A8F51" authority="Sylvester &amp; Soreng" authorityName="Sylvester &amp; Soreng" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia santamartensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="santamartensis" status="sp. nov.">Deschampsia santamartensis Sylvester &amp; Soreng</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="29">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Deschampsia santamartensis. A Habit B Ligule C Panicle branch D Spikelet E spikelet, with lower glume pulled away to reveal the stipitate floret (extension of the lowermost rachilla internode) F floret G floret, with palea and lemma slightly separated to reveal the ovary in a late stage of development and surrounded by long filamentous trichomes H floret, with palea and lemma slightly separated to reveal the stamens and ovary at an earlier stage of development and surrounded by long filamentous trichomes; drawn by Marcela Morales from the holotype, J. Cuatrecasas &amp; R. Romero Castaneda 24607 (COL)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.122.33032.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305283" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
<treatment id="033F3FC84AD448467C4BF9717E5A8F51" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157294010" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:033F3FC84AD448467C4BF9717E5A8F51" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/033F3FC84AD448467C4BF9717E5A8F51" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" scope_family="Poaceae">
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<paragraph id="1E87C4BA7690B1BC9752623F9CCAB5BA" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="74BC50DB0A90609DAFD0E96810F58249" ID-CoL="8XZK2" LSID="033F3FC8-4AD4-4846-7C4B-F9717E5A8F51" authority="Sylvester &amp; Soreng" authorityName="Sylvester &amp; Soreng" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia santamartensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="santamartensis" status="sp. nov.">Deschampsia santamartensis Sylvester &amp; Soreng</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="850FC649B25376AC16F8C5D701D41CCD" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation id="9235CADB24A12AA0AB8DE3C3451244EC" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Deschampsia santamartensis. A Habit B Ligule C Panicle branch D Spikelet E spikelet, with lower glume pulled away to reveal the stipitate floret (extension of the lowermost rachilla internode) F floret G floret, with palea and lemma slightly separated to reveal the ovary in a late stage of development and surrounded by long filamentous trichomes H floret, with palea and lemma slightly separated to reveal the stamens and ovary at an earlier stage of development and surrounded by long filamentous trichomes; drawn by Marcela Morales from the holotype, J. Cuatrecasas &amp; R. Romero Castaneda 24607 (COL)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.122.33032.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305283" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<paragraph id="6B6F2153E17F303A002A444BD370AE27" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AD7FEE2D766D59BC19BEC2F54DEA94BF" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
COLOMBIA. Magdalena: Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, valley descending south-western from Picos Reina and Ojeda, rocky and sandy
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
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above Laguna Naboba and Laguna Reina,
<normalizedToken originalValue="superpáramo">superparamo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="C2AD56941029DA3C0435FCF35E57B03E" originalValue="superpáramo">superparamo</normalizedToken>
, 4300-4500 m alt., 5 Oct. 1959, J. Cuatrecasas &amp; R. Romero
<normalizedToken originalValue="Castañeda">Castaneda</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="1F9EA734E6A2B51DE19E8A408D6449F2" originalValue="Castañeda">Castaneda</normalizedToken>
24607 (holotype: COL (COL000184738!); isotype: US (US01240776!)).
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="3238763" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.122.33032.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305283" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sylvester &amp; Soreng" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia santamartensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="santamartensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia santamartensis</emphasis>
<caption id="52A9BD4D6DFEEE40B67B7E40C0C6DB6C" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3238763" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.122.33032.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305283" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="C7E37BCBF0A08035FA0C720C7BF83C1A" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="53399011605ABC4BFB8A482ECE2E6145" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4B0F85EB949D2EA23460BB73F1E70E46" authorityName="Sylvester &amp; Soreng" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia santamartensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="santamartensis">
<emphasis id="B78C484C7860A81FB21D92DA97DB1C5A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia santamartensis</emphasis>
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.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
<emphasis id="41FF96D621AC408B8152B4913B8A819F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
Habit
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">B</emphasis>
<emphasis id="5B8BD2E220547DD68C6100BC5717C67B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">B</emphasis>
Ligule
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="F3CEF5BB1199C382F21EB140655833F8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C</emphasis>
Panicle branch
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A65E72C18DE85050E3597A69923BB12C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D</emphasis>
Spikelet
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">E</emphasis>
<emphasis id="7121A040DF2A674EA0F6EC1A7733AB03" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">E</emphasis>
spikelet, with lower glume pulled away to reveal the stipitate floret (extension of the lowermost rachilla internode)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">F</emphasis>
<emphasis id="95C4F38C41EF35BDCE51B1B21998AEB3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">F</emphasis>
floret
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">G</emphasis>
<emphasis id="3E16B84D427ABF0F80A93FD5931801EC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">G</emphasis>
floret, with palea and lemma slightly separated to reveal the ovary in a late stage of development and surrounded by long filamentous trichomes
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">H</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C0198DB4552B6C28B2710A59AAEF3EA4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">H</emphasis>
floret, with palea and lemma slightly separated to reveal the stamens and ovary at an earlier stage of development and surrounded by long filamentous trichomes; drawn by Marcela Morales from the holotype, J. Cuatrecasas &amp; R. Romero
<normalizedToken originalValue="Castañeda">Castaneda</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="BC0D38E08F71C0C53B3E328B38BF3003" originalValue="Castañeda">Castaneda</normalizedToken>
24607 (COL).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sylvester &amp; Soreng" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia santamartensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="santamartensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia santamartensis</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="69920ADF9EB01EA4463D159F1E435F48" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="9888FE2B76FDDC571FCC5564D47B7B8A" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="21F21EF9BEF6C7C225072667D1987505" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="B4F285F09D92EC19BBDE98B1D0373F90" authorityName="Sylvester &amp; Soreng" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia santamartensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="santamartensis">
<emphasis id="5DA1289C0C05723ED8CF6202449F5DBF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia santamartensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia hackelii" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hackelii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia hackelii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D8D851A3CDFE26541216AD8EABC53442" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia hackelii" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hackelii">
<emphasis id="49EE8F9486AF2D5447EBFA173A6760B7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia hackelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Lillo) Saarela, but differs in having broad, rigid and erect, strongly conduplicate blades, 1.5-2.5 mm when folded (vs. filiform and curved leaf blades 0.5-1 mm wide when folded), ligules short and often truncate or obtuse with ligules of innovations 0.5-1 mm long and ligules of upper flowering culms 3-4 mm long (vs. ligules long and acuminate 3.5-7 mm long), ellipsoid spike-like panicles 3-5.5 long
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="D672E064CFD929BD0CB90221223BBD5C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.5-2.5 cm wide (vs. capituliform spherical panicles 1-3 cm long
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="948E160CD5C3746C2A29E87CB6BDC3A1" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1-2 cm wide), lemma surfaces moderately to lightly scabrous between the veins (vs. smooth), lemma apices acute to muticous and entire (vs. truncate and irregularly dentate), rachilla extension often absent (vs. always present, 0.5-1 mm long) and inside of the floret often with hyaline shiny sinuous trichomes to 1 mm long emerging from the base of the ovary (vs. lacking trichomes).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Tufted perennial</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="7F8734743BA2231D2AE0AA528EBADF6F" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph id="91B13E00A6E4791E158594A2A024983C" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0574CC0080409FDB3FF7790CB785E95C" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="F4275070925E6D90BF1550E2F498DF65" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Tufted perennial</emphasis>
forming short dense tufts with vertical rhizomes and papyraceous, fibrous basal sheaths, leaves form a basal mat to 12 cm tall and much shorter than the exerted culms.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Tillers</emphasis>
<emphasis id="72807AE99C2C2251969865D62C19876E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Tillers</emphasis>
intravaginal.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Culms</emphasis>
<emphasis id="87769404520F1A1CBCC25DE27752A32A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Culms</emphasis>
9-20 cm tall, 1-1.5 mm wide, erect, exerted from the basal foliage, not obviously striate, densely papilliate; nodes and internodes terete, densely papilliate, not lustrous, nodes hidden in the sheaths with no nodes exposed at flowering; uppermost internodes 10-18 cm long, longer than the sheaths.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Sheaths</emphasis>
<emphasis id="2C7E8B5DC5CB0D5B5F4AF27A85ED36F1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Sheaths</emphasis>
weakly striate, slightly keeled;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">flag leaf sheaths</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B4E7A996D10FA07CA947B00E1283B42F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">flag leaf sheaths</emphasis>
7-10 cm long;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">upper culm sheaths</emphasis>
<emphasis id="938851D110BA05CFEAD9BEDCB27F5109" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">upper culm sheaths</emphasis>
lax, glabrous, smooth, densely papilliate;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">basal leaf sheaths</emphasis>
<emphasis id="0FC030686C37BDCF84F7AF74F91F1FDF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">basal leaf sheaths</emphasis>
2-3 cm long, longer than the internodes, glabrous, smooth or slightly scabrous, densely papilliate, older basal sheaths papyraceous and fibrous with the fibres becoming slightly curly as the sheaths decay and leave just the fibres.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Ligules</emphasis>
<emphasis id="6812E4FB8610428B79D7E084C9CB93F6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Ligules</emphasis>
not stipulate;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">upper culm ligules</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A6D91F274303961E6C8051074A31BFDE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">upper culm ligules</emphasis>
3-4 mm long, regularly decurrent with the sheaths, broadly shouldered with an attenuate central point, hyaline, without notable lateral keels, apices entire or irregularly dentate, abaxial surface smooth and sparsely papilliate;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">ligules of innovations</emphasis>
<emphasis id="BBDFF6902D33FF4BCC7E56FDC0D9E14E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">ligules of innovations</emphasis>
0.5-1 mm long, strongly decurrent with the sheaths, broadly shouldered and sometimes with a lateral extension or lobe that extends ca. 1 mm long, the centre of the ligule truncate to obtuse and irregularly dentate, hyaline, without notable lateral keels, abaxial surface scabrous with distinct, mostly retrorse, spinules, with spinules tending to run down the throat and occur on the collar margin.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Leaf blades</emphasis>
<emphasis id="43C90008D93DBAC3E4C3C025D127BD91" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Leaf blades</emphasis>
2.5-8 cm long, 1.5-2.5 mm wide when folded, gradually reduced up the culm, strongly conduplicate with margins frequently inrolled, weakly keeled, erect to slightly divergent, glabrous, abaxial blade surface smooth, strongly papilliate, adaxial blade surface scabrous mainly in the centre in lines along the veins, veins pronounced, margins moderately scaberulous, apex naviculate with a slightly pungent mucronate point;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">flag leaf blade</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C4AA42F29B4D0AA987255784F1EEE8C2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">flag leaf blade</emphasis>
1.7-3 cm long, slightly narrower than lower culm blades.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Panicles</emphasis>
<emphasis id="0D36BB44CA79D9451819A7A2B0205162" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Panicles</emphasis>
3-5.5 cm long, 1.5-2.5 cm wide, dense, ellipsoid, golden-purple, densely spiculate, sometimes interrupted towards the base, spikelets present from near the base;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">main panicle axis</emphasis>
<emphasis id="D25E85B089051716D08C16C04B35511B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">main panicle axis</emphasis>
terete, glabrous, smooth, lower internode ca. 1 cm long;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">panicle branches</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9D492CE2884D17A525F627797D4312B0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">panicle branches</emphasis>
short, ascending;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">primary panicle branches</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9A02CFDA877A73C26B19BD97CCFF5467" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">primary panicle branches</emphasis>
1-2 cm long, bearing 15-50 spikelets per branch, verticillate in clusters of 1-3, terete, glabrous, almost smooth to lightly scabrous, papilliate;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">pedicels</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DD4502D25C4C6323E5F4C4029C116D7C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">pedicels</emphasis>
0.5-1.5 mm long, much shorter than the spikelets, glabrous, lightly scabrous, papilliate.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Spikelets</emphasis>
<emphasis id="46425D2C2D861278C9F076134073045C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Spikelets</emphasis>
1-flowered, strongly laterally compressed, disarticulating above the glumes (not seen); glumes, lemma and palea slightly asymmetrical.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Glumes</emphasis>
<emphasis id="3746A06426D23675BF3DDBC2DBC512C1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Glumes</emphasis>
4.6-5.5 mm long, subequal or rarely unequal, lower glumes 0.5-1.5 mm shorter than the upper glumes, membranous, purplish grading to a scarious golden-bronze margin, sub-lustrous, papilliate, very sparsely scabrous on the keels, edges smooth, apices acute to acuminate, entire to infrequently irregularly denticulate;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">lower glume</emphasis>
<emphasis id="FE9D4507563EFF6FE2F2BD5C4FD3ABEC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">lower glume</emphasis>
1-veined;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">upper glume</emphasis>
<emphasis id="EF1E040E93829C74755F70D2A3B27889" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">upper glume</emphasis>
3 or sometimes faintly 5-veined, lateral veins reaching half the length of the glume.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Florets</emphasis>
<emphasis id="D634A44649C3B013BEA267C469380312" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Florets</emphasis>
stipitate, single, included in the glumes, subequalling the apex of the lower glume.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Lowermost rachilla internode</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B359EC86BC9274380B7E52D536A8BEAC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Lowermost rachilla internode</emphasis>
(0.25
<normalizedToken originalValue=")0.4">-)0.4-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="EC4D47DF67C635FB383CE79FB77C5050" originalValue=")0.4">-)0.4-</normalizedToken>
0.5 mm long, prolonged between the glumes and the floret, terete, slightly dilated at its apex, glabrous, smooth.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Lemmas</emphasis>
<emphasis id="53471CE3E943CDBC06EA03EE14DD29CF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Lemmas</emphasis>
4-4.5 mm long, of the same consistency as the glumes, golden-purple with a broad scarious margin and apex, glabrous, long scabrous to pectinate scabrous along the keel for most its length, lemma surface moderately to sparsely scabrous between the veins distally for up to
<normalizedToken originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="79C201A1183331ADC428A866596C55DC" originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
the length of the lemma, apex slightly falcate, acute to muticous, entire, apex margins broadly scarious and somewhat incurved, 5-veined, veins generally not evident, sometimes apparent towards the base; awn absent.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Paleas</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B769BA3075DF3BAC1EF1F683D6578D4B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Paleas</emphasis>
slightly shorter than the lemma, of the same consistency, golden, scarious, keels closely spaced with the keel flanges twice as broad as the gap between the keels, one keel more pronounced than the other, regularly scabrous and notable in the upper 2/3 of the length, scabrous between the keels, apex sometimes inconspicuously bidentate.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Callus</emphasis>
<emphasis id="0046C86A3755615815C889FCA7E29F5E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Callus</emphasis>
base rounded and slightly dorsally compressed above, glabrous.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Rachilla</emphasis>
<emphasis id="E7ECC9E2B8B7E59B5A3C87CACFC2C1FF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Rachilla</emphasis>
absent or to 0.6(-1) mm long, glabrescent with a few short hairs at the apex.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Lodicules</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B798FA4CD586851244DA83DF7CA1AA96" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Lodicules</emphasis>
2, ca. 0.4 mm long, as broad as long, membranous, flabellate, with an acute lobe.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Stamens</emphasis>
<emphasis id="0A2345FCE9788020E1710381B9A700B4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Stamens</emphasis>
3, anthers 2-2.2 mm long.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Ovary</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9AF56EFD503400E57ED51BB41978E88A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Ovary</emphasis>
ca. 0.6 mm long, small, styles 2, stigmas plumose with secondary branching, short, often with scarce hyaline, shiny and sinuous trichomes to 1 mm long emerging from the base of the ovary.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Caryopsis</emphasis>
<emphasis id="D77FAACFEFE5B0A2D8F965B26DF97D40" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Caryopsis</emphasis>
ca. 2 mm long, ca. 0.6 mm wide, obovate, laterally compressed in cross section, hilum 0.2 mm long, circular to obovate, ventral groove shallow and narrow and not conspicuous, pale honey brown, embryo ca. 0.4 mm long, apex with remains of style bases &lt;0.1 mm long, with remains of short plumose stigmas attached;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">endosperm</emphasis>
<emphasis id="E774C4EA51AB772453D9BD33EF24F654" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">endosperm</emphasis>
liquid.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="4EECC69089B124CFB2E8FFB60BA5FAB3" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="DC32DD4C7FEA8AAF00FA1FF6613B89F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="99B35CAE578C936FCD9D6449A951B2EE" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
Known only from the type specimen that was collected from a southwest facing valley descending from Picos Reina and Ojeda in the centre of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. The specimen was collected from high elevation rocky and sandy
<normalizedToken originalValue="superpáramo">superparamo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="84FF5664F30754CA0A6E47CEBC42D1D9" originalValue="superpáramo">superparamo</normalizedToken>
vegetation above 4300 m.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="preliminary conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Data Deficient (DD). Currently known only from a single specimen. Further expeditions are needed to the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta to document its distribution.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="82E059DF77F453F716D05F443BBA83EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="preliminary conservation status">
<paragraph id="FC32BA028098E6949EA67672DA9BD36A" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F37ED9ED65FDD11311AE682DEC070BEA" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Data Deficient (DD). Currently known only from a single specimen. Further expeditions are needed to the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta to document its distribution.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">The species epithet refers to the type locality of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="03A3DB5BF3407398C722316396B4E303" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="1885DC89FD2F152837F33856AEC130A1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="50659F56D3F862E389A4E14D9F8C5B7F" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">The species epithet refers to the type locality of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sylvester &amp; Soreng" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia santamartensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="santamartensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia santamartensis</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="178364C7C07276F4C9FEF239BFA20FCE" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="notes">
<paragraph id="BB1A020B99EFBC35B8906A4DBBC33516" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F0B273EBC1AC438D3B0DB29005F55847" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="0EBE75B310CD5FF2D9744C5775ACFEFE" authorityName="Sylvester &amp; Soreng" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia santamartensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="santamartensis">
<emphasis id="E40AC5A3D4D924A28A070360672FB062" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia santamartensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clearly belongs to
<taxonomicName authority="subsect. Stylagrostis" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="subsect." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" subsection="Stylagrostis">Calamagrostis subsect. Stylagrostis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="88940ACF8ED90D1A8D94084917CDDD23" authority="subsect. Stylagrostis" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="subsect." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" subsection="Stylagrostis">Calamagrostis subsect. Stylagrostis</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="937E0C271D1B36DF7E081D251B20CC3C" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="952CD9726F0DF4B74EA62483131BA1D7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sensu
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" author="Saarela, JM" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 139" refId="B35" refString="Saarela, JM, Bull, RD, Paradis, M, Ebata, SN, Peterson, PM, Soreng, RJ, Paszko, B, 2017. Molecular phylogenetics of cool-season grasses in the subtribes Agrostidinae, Anthoxanthinae, Aveninae, Brizinae, Calothecinae, Koeleriinae and Phalaridinae (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae, Poeae chloroplast group 1). PhytoKeys 87: 1 - 139, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" title="Molecular phylogenetics of cool-season grasses in the subtribes Agrostidinae, Anthoxanthinae, Aveninae, Brizinae, Calothecinae, Koeleriinae and Phalaridinae (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae, Poeae chloroplast group 1)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" volume="87" year="2017">Saarela et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="1308BE7E6CC355F1207FC4908E55ACB1" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" author="Saarela, JM" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 139" refId="B35" refString="Saarela, JM, Bull, RD, Paradis, M, Ebata, SN, Peterson, PM, Soreng, RJ, Paszko, B, 2017. Molecular phylogenetics of cool-season grasses in the subtribes Agrostidinae, Anthoxanthinae, Aveninae, Brizinae, Calothecinae, Koeleriinae and Phalaridinae (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae, Poeae chloroplast group 1). PhytoKeys 87: 1 - 139, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" title="Molecular phylogenetics of cool-season grasses in the subtribes Agrostidinae, Anthoxanthinae, Aveninae, Brizinae, Calothecinae, Koeleriinae and Phalaridinae (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae, Poeae chloroplast group 1)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" volume="87" year="2017">Saarela et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
) due to the presence of an extended rachilla internode between the glumes and the floret.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sylvester &amp; Soreng" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia santamartensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="santamartensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia santamartensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2F190F6C651AF53FCB4CFFFAD897A08F" authorityName="Sylvester &amp; Soreng" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia santamartensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="santamartensis">
<emphasis id="2942FA1B7FD2F2F893EEB545D53B5F7E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia santamartensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be easily distinguished from all other members of
<taxonomicName authority="subsect. Stylagrostis" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="subsect." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" subsection="Stylagrostis">Calamagrostis subsect. Stylagrostis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="089CAE9F611103862538B182BCE4D588" authority="subsect. Stylagrostis" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="subsect." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" subsection="Stylagrostis">Calamagrostis subsect. Stylagrostis</taxonomicName>
with dense, spike-like panicles by its florets lacking awns, a glabrous callus and the absence of a rachilla extension (or rarely with a diminutive glabrescent rachilla extension). The only other member of
<taxonomicName authority="subsect. Stylagrostis" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="subsect." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" subsection="Stylagrostis">Calamagrostis subsect. Stylagrostis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="E126161B14F3FF2C4DF8B6CCB63022E6" authority="subsect. Stylagrostis" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="subsect." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" subsection="Stylagrostis">Calamagrostis subsect. Stylagrostis</taxonomicName>
with dense spike-like panicles, glabrescent callus, glabrescent short rachilla extensions and which occasionally lack awns is
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia hackelii" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hackelii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia hackelii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F7035FB57041FB9B0177DAF1B86C5746" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia hackelii" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hackelii">
<emphasis id="75FEAC04C9724A04AFAFCE125F1EC55B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia hackelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Lillo) Saarela (=
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lillo ex Stuck" authorityYear="1911" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis hackelii" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hackelii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis hackelii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="64F52C3DAFDED6D0B6259EC489128B37" authorityName="Lillo ex Stuck" authorityYear="1911" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis hackelii" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hackelii">
<emphasis id="FDF8B92F68FA2C52DDE6A65990A2610D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis hackelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Lillo), a species known from high-Andean regions of northwest Argentina and Chile (
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de Agrasar 2012
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: 201).
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia hackelii" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hackelii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia hackelii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9C29F024235769780756E47BC893AD29" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia hackelii" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hackelii">
<emphasis id="6A908B6CAD0945CF2F952A7F76E6B508" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia hackelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs by its capituliform panicles, 1-3 cm long
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="05A0FD1768E2FAB13A156FA21DD09CDA" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1-2 cm wide (vs. ellipsoid spike-like panicles 3-5.5 long
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="57949EC3E261AD4F5AF3D773CFCDBA06" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.5-2.5 cm wide), filiform and curved leaf blades 0.5-1 mm wide when folded (vs. broad, rigid and erect, strongly conduplicate blades 1.5-2.5 mm when folded), long acuminate ligules 3.5-7 mm long (vs. ligules short and often truncate or obtuse with ligules of innovations 0.5-1 mm long and ligules of upper flowering culms 3-4 mm long), lemma surfaces smooth (vs. moderately to lightly scabrous between the veins), lemma apex truncate and irregularly dentate (vs. acute to muticous and entire), rachilla extension always present 0.5-1 mm long (vs. often absent) and inside of the floret lacking trichomes (vs. often with hyaline shiny sinuous trichomes to 1 mm long emerging from the base of the ovary).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia aurea" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aurea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia aurea</emphasis>
<paragraph id="559030A49F0A2947968BB1E52DC0FC6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="9533466CF7CA851A186D24C35D438CF9" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia aurea" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aurea">
<emphasis id="A3539D5DB47FF4D8AE2C78E22E515042" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia aurea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a species originally described from Ecuadorian
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="2983CC36603C0A8DEFDD7ADCEA2CA27D" originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
but which also occurs in Peruvian Jalca vegetation, is another member of
<taxonomicName authority="subsect. Stylagrostis" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="subsect." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" subsection="Stylagrostis">Calamagrostis subsect. Stylagrostis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="CFE707811AD2AC1CFFEDF1C14BE22D2E" authority="subsect. Stylagrostis" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="subsect." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" subsection="Stylagrostis">Calamagrostis subsect. Stylagrostis</taxonomicName>
that has dense, spike-like panicles and spikelet lemmas that occasionally lose the thin weak dorsally-inserted awn (Zulma
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="DC34B8D223A4E960FEB8D605D5834E05" originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
de Agrasar, pers. comm.).
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia aurea</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FA781B4B1B50CCD6E682126EC548C945" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia aurea" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aurea">
<emphasis id="A7348DC2DE6440EC0DAB3BB992F1AA38" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia aurea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has well-developed callus and rachilla hairs, with callus hairs surpassing more than half the length of the lemma and rachilla hairs reaching or surpassing the lemma apex, as well as other characters to help differentiate it from
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. santamartensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="santamartensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D. santamartensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6796150FC2711E470EB7834F06C979FE" lsidName="D. santamartensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="santamartensis">
<emphasis id="D060767E894BF9A6F6C5303EA1380E9F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D. santamartensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
such as the floret being noticeably shorter (2.9-3 mm long) than the large glumes (5.5-7.5 mm long), amongst other characters.
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis chrysostachya" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysostachya">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis chrysostachya</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="67018842A3DA06389719F99F530DBC3E" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis chrysostachya" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysostachya">
<emphasis id="3551BB0282E62BA98BF8D1874E4314FD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis chrysostachya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(E. Desv.) Kuntze, a species known from high-Andean regions of northwest Argentina and Chile, also shares these attributes and has also been included as a member of
<taxonomicName authority="subsect. Stylagrostis" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="subsect." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" subsection="Stylagrostis">Calamagrostis subsect. Stylagrostis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="1864B38CCB9569C5F42A85B648EFBEBD" authority="subsect. Stylagrostis" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="subsect." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" subsection="Stylagrostis">Calamagrostis subsect. Stylagrostis</taxonomicName>
(
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<normalizedToken id="3012666102EF7E2796409077F2FB10FD" originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
de Agrasar 2012
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, pers. comm.). Both these species, however, have a pilose callus and rachilla, with
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. chrysostachya" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="chrysostachya">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. chrysostachya</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2FE01FCA0E650E765C1400DBA865BD0B" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. chrysostachya" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="chrysostachya">
<emphasis id="9A795166564A60DEEC98BC87E3A19CD2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. chrysostachya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
having poorly developed callus and rachilla hairs to 1 mm long, but thin conduplicate or convolute leaf blades 0.8-1.2 mm wide when unfolded and a ligular stipule 0.5-1.5 mm long. The short, strongly conduplicate leaf blades with navicular apices are also reminiscent of
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa trachyphylla" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trachyphylla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Poa trachyphylla</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2747E69D0FCE38C5B5D6B4590F351554" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa trachyphylla" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trachyphylla">
<emphasis id="4867DA484B3E0A8E25891F5D73B6085F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Poa trachyphylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hack. which also inhabits high-elevation
<normalizedToken originalValue="superpáramo">superparamo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="71FB40D7E141AF961B2CCCBC7F197838" originalValue="superpáramo">superparamo</normalizedToken>
of Colombia (
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<bibRefCitation id="9CA8279889E583FE28094ED2887139B7" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-019-9814-5" author="Sylvester, SP" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the United States National Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B42" refString="Sylvester, SP, Soreng, RJ, Giraldo-Canas, D, in press. Podagrostiscolombiana sp. nov. (Poaceae): A new genus record and species for Colombia. Kew Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-019-9814-5" title="Podagrostiscolombiana sp. nov. (Poaceae): A new genus record and species for Colombia. Kew Bulletin." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-019-9814-5" year="in press">Sylvester et al. in press</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

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<taxonomicName authority="Logunov &amp; Azarkina, 2008" authorityName="Logunov &amp; Azarkina" authorityYear="2008" box="[348,900,205,232]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raharizonina">
<emphasis box="[348,585,205,232]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Meleon raharizonina</emphasis>
<treatment id="03923757F160FFF32F71FF01FC24D414" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201379" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114923610" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6201379" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F160FFF32F71FF01FC24D414" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03923757F160FFF32F71FF01FC24D414" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" scope_family="Salticidae" scope_order="Araneae">
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<heading id="D0CC312DF160FFF32F71FF01FC19D1AF" box="[348,900,205,232]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F160FFF32F71FF01FC19D1AF" ID-CoL="3ZDQY" authority="Logunov &amp; Azarkina, 2008" authorityName="Logunov &amp; Azarkina" authorityYear="2008" box="[348,900,205,232]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raharizonina">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F160FFF32F71FF01FDD4D1AF" box="[348,585,205,232]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Meleon raharizonina</emphasis>
Logunov &amp; Azarkina,
<number box="[844,900,206,232]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="2008.0">2008</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32D61FF02FC19D1AF" box="[844,900,206,232]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="2008.0">2008</number>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[539,708,245,272]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" type="description">
<paragraph box="[539,708,245,272]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<figureCitation box="[539,625,245,272]" captionStart="Figs 37 41" captionStartId="11.[181,221,896,918]" captionTargetBox="[189,1133,206,882]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[189,1133,206,883]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs 37 41. Meleon raharizonina Logunov &amp; Azarkina, 2008 (37) from Madagascar (Tamatave), M. guineensis (Berland &amp; Millot, 1941) (38, 39) from Congo (Mayombe, Luki Forest Reserve), and M. madagascarensis (Wanless, 1978) (40 ♂ holotype of Portia madagascarensis; 41 ♀ holotype of Portia oreophila) from Madagascar, general appearance: (37, 39, 41) female, dorsal views; (38) ditto, front view; (40) male, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Figs 37</figureCitation>
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF160FFF32C36FF39FD59D057" box="[539,708,245,272]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B848641F160FFF32C36FF39FD59D057" box="[539,708,245,272]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<figureCitation id="13009AC4F160FFF32C36FF39FDECD057" box="[539,625,245,272]" captionStart="Figs 37 41" captionStartId="11.[181,221,896,918]" captionTargetBox="[189,1133,206,882]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[189,1133,206,883]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs 37 41. Meleon raharizonina Logunov &amp; Azarkina, 2008 (37) from Madagascar (Tamatave), M. guineensis (Berland &amp; Millot, 1941) (38, 39) from Congo (Mayombe, Luki Forest Reserve), and M. madagascarensis (Wanless, 1978) (40 ♂ holotype of Portia madagascarensis; 41 ♀ holotype of Portia oreophila) from Madagascar, general appearance: (37, 39, 41) female, dorsal views; (38) ditto, front view; (40) male, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Figs 37</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[636,708,246,272]" captionStart="Figs 48 56" captionStartId="13.[181,221,1560,1581]" captionTargetBox="[189,1137,663,1521]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[181,1141,661,1533]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figs 48 56. Meleon raharizonina Logunov &amp; Azarkina, 2008 (48 51) from Madagascar (Tamatave), and Meleon madagascarensis (Wanless, 1978) (52 56) from Madagascar (♀ holotype of Portia oreophila): (48, 55) epigyne, ventral view; (49, 56) spermathecae, dorsal view; (50, 54) diagrammatic course of the insemination ducts; (51) female, dorsal view; (52) chelicera, ventral view; (53) leg I, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm in Figs 48, 49, 53 56; 1 mm in Fig. 51." pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<figureCitation id="13009AC4F160FFF32C51FF3AFD59D057" box="[636,708,246,272]" captionStart="Figs 48 56" captionStartId="13.[181,221,1560,1581]" captionTargetBox="[189,1137,663,1521]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[181,1141,661,1533]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figs 48 56. Meleon raharizonina Logunov &amp; Azarkina, 2008 (48 51) from Madagascar (Tamatave), and Meleon madagascarensis (Wanless, 1978) (52 56) from Madagascar (♀ holotype of Portia oreophila): (48, 55) epigyne, ventral view; (49, 56) spermathecae, dorsal view; (50, 54) diagrammatic course of the insemination ducts; (51) female, dorsal view; (52) chelicera, ventral view; (53) leg I, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm in Figs 48, 49, 53 56; 1 mm in Fig. 51." pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
48
<number box="[682,708,246,272]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="51.0">51</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32C87FF3AFD59D057" box="[682,708,246,272]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="51.0">51</number>
</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[144,797,281,303]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" type="reference_group">
<paragraph box="[144,797,281,303]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<taxonomicName authority="Logunov &amp; Azarkina 2008: 102" authorityName="Logunov &amp; Azarkina" authorityPageNumber="102" authorityYear="2008" box="[144,638,281,303]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raharizonina">
<emphasis box="[144,336,281,303]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Meleon raharizonina</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF160FFF32EBDFED5FC80D068" box="[144,797,281,303]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B848641F160FFF32EBDFED5FC80D068" box="[144,797,281,303]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F160FFF32EBDFED5FDE3D068" authority="Logunov &amp; Azarkina 2008: 102" authorityName="Logunov &amp; Azarkina" authorityPageNumber="102" authorityYear="2008" box="[144,638,281,303]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raharizonina">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F160FFF32EBDFED5FECDD068" box="[144,336,281,303]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Meleon raharizonina</emphasis>
: Logunov &amp; Azarkina
<number box="[546,595,281,303]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="2008.0">2008</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32C0FFED5FDCED068" box="[546,595,281,303]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="2008.0">2008</number>
:
<number box="[603,684,281,303]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="102.5" valueMax="103.0" valueMin="102.0">102103</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32C76FED5FD31D068" box="[603,684,281,303]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="102.5" valueMax="103.0" valueMin="102.0">102103</number>
</taxonomicName>
, figs
<number box="[732,793,281,303]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="32.0" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="29.0">2935</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32CF1FED5FC84D068" box="[732,793,281,303]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="32.0" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="29.0">2935</number>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="177" type="description">
<paragraph box="[144,283,314,342]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Description:</paragraph>
<paragraph box="[144,590,352,379]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis box="[144,201,352,379]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Male</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF160FFF32EBDFEF6FCEDD28F" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B848641F160FFF32EBDFEF6FE86D011" box="[144,283,314,342]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Description:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B848641F160FFF32EBDFEACFDD3D03C" box="[144,590,352,379]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F160FFF32EBDFEACFF54D03C" box="[144,201,352,379]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Male</emphasis>
. See Logunov &amp; Azarkina (
<number box="[516,577,352,379]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="2008.0">2008</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32C29FEACFDDCD03C" box="[516,577,352,379]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="2008.0">2008</number>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph box="[144,235,389,416]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis box="[144,228,389,416]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Female</emphasis>
<paragraph id="8B848641F160FFF32EBDFE49FF76D0E7" box="[144,235,389,416]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F160FFF32EBDFE49FF79D0E7" box="[144,228,389,416]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Female</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis box="[144,306,425,451]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Measurements</emphasis>
<paragraph id="8B848641F160FFF32EBDFE65FCAFD304" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F160FFF32EBDFE65FEAFD084" box="[144,306,425,451]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Measurements</emphasis>
: Carapace: length
<number box="[524,576,425,451]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="2.2">2.20</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32C21FE65FDDDD084" box="[524,576,425,451]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="2.2">2.20</number>
, width
<number box="[663,715,425,451]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.85">1.85</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32CBAFE65FD56D084" box="[663,715,425,451]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.85">1.85</number>
, height at PLE
<number box="[898,950,425,451]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.5">1.50</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32DAFFE65FC2BD084" box="[898,950,425,451]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.5">1.50</number>
. Ocular area: length
<number box="[220,271,457,483]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.2">1.20</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32EF1FE05FE92D0A4" box="[220,271,457,483]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.2">1.20</number>
, width anteriorly 1.00, width posteriorly
<number box="[729,781,457,483]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.85">0.85</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32CF4FE05FC90D0A4" box="[729,781,457,483]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.85">0.85</number>
. Diameter of
<collectionCode box="[930,993,457,483]" collectionName="USA, Florida, Gainesville, University of Florida, Florida Museum of Natural History, Allyn Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">AME</collectionCode>
<number box="[999,1052,457,483]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.5">0.50</number>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F160FFF32D8FFE05FC7CD0A4" box="[930,993,457,483]" collectionName="USA, Florida, Gainesville, University of Florida, Florida Museum of Natural History, Allyn Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">AME</collectionCode>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32DCAFE05FB81D0A4" box="[999,1052,457,483]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.5">0.50</number>
. Abdomen: length
<number box="[312,364,489,515]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="2.55">2.55</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32F15FE25FEF1D344" box="[312,364,489,515]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="2.55">2.55</number>
, width
<number box="[447,499,489,515]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.6">1.60</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32F92FE25FE6ED344" box="[447,499,489,515]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.6">1.60</number>
. Clypeal height:
<number box="[690,743,489,515]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.2">0.20</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32C9FFE25FD7AD344" box="[690,743,489,515]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.2">0.20</number>
. Cheliceral length:
<number box="[961,1013,489,515]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.55">0.55</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32DECFE25FC68D344" box="[961,1013,489,515]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.55">0.55</number>
. Length of leg segments: I
<number box="[372,425,521,547]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="2.1">2.10</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32F59FDC5FE34D364" box="[372,425,521,547]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="2.1">2.10</number>
+
<number box="[441,493,521,547]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.85">0.85</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32F94FDC5FE70D364" box="[441,493,521,547]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.85">0.85</number>
+
<number box="[509,558,521,547]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.75">1.75</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32FD0FDC5FDB3D364" box="[509,558,521,547]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.75">1.75</number>
+
<number box="[574,624,521,547]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.8">1.80</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32C13FDC5FDEDD364" box="[574,624,521,547]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.8">1.80</number>
+
<number box="[641,693,521,547]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.8">0.80</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32CACFDC5FD28D364" box="[641,693,521,547]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.8">0.80</number>
; II
<number box="[739,789,521,547]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.8">1.80</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32CCEFDC5FC88D364" box="[739,789,521,547]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.8">1.80</number>
+
<number box="[806,858,521,547]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.85">0.85</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32D0BFDC5FCC7D364" box="[806,858,521,547]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.85">0.85</number>
+
<number box="[874,925,521,547]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.9">1.90</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32D47FDC5FC00D364" box="[874,925,521,547]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.9">1.90</number>
+
<number box="[941,991,521,547]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.5">1.50</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32D80FDC5FC42D364" box="[941,991,521,547]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.5">1.50</number>
+
<number box="[1008,1060,521,547]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.65">0.65</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32DDDFDC5FBB9D364" box="[1008,1060,521,547]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.65">0.65</number>
; III
<number box="[144,192,553,579]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.55">1.55</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32EBDFDE5FF5DD304" box="[144,192,553,579]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.55">1.55</number>
+
<number box="[208,259,553,579]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.7">0.70</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32EFDFDE5FE9ED304" box="[208,259,553,579]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.7">0.70</number>
+
<number box="[275,323,553,579]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.55">1.55</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32F3EFDE5FEDED304" box="[275,323,553,579]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.55">1.55</number>
+
<number box="[339,388,553,579]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.55">1.55</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32F7EFDE5FE19D304" box="[339,388,553,579]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.55">1.55</number>
+
<number box="[404,455,553,579]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.6">0.60</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32FB9FDE5FE5AD304" box="[404,455,553,579]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.6">0.60</number>
; IV
<number box="[503,550,553,579]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.95">1.95</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32FDAFDE5FDBBD304" box="[503,550,553,579]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.95">1.95</number>
+
<number box="[566,617,553,579]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.7">0.70</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32C1BFDE5FDF4D304" box="[566,617,553,579]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.7">0.70</number>
+
<number box="[633,680,553,579]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.65">1.65</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32C54FDE5FD35D304" box="[633,680,553,579]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.65">1.65</number>
+
<number box="[696,748,553,579]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="2.6">2.60</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32C95FDE5FD71D304" box="[696,748,553,579]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="2.6">2.60</number>
+
<number box="[764,814,553,579]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.7">0.70</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32CD1FDE5FCB3D304" box="[764,814,553,579]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.7">0.70</number>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis box="[144,298,588,614]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Leg spination</emphasis>
<paragraph id="8B848641F160FFF32EBDFD80FCF9D242" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F160FFF32EBDFD80FEB7D321" box="[144,298,588,614]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Leg spination</emphasis>
: I Fm d
<number box="[397,438,587,613]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.5" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.0">0-1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32FA0FD87FE2BD322" box="[397,438,587,613]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.5" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.0">0-1</number>
-
<number box="[448,459,587,613]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32FEDFD87FE56D322" box="[448,459,587,613]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0">1</number>
-
<number box="[470,481,587,613]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32FFBFD87FE7CD322" box="[470,481,587,613]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0">1</number>
pr and rt 0-
<number box="[621,660,587,613]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.5" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.0">0-1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32C40FD87FD09D322" box="[621,660,587,613]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="0.5" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.0">0-1</number>
-
<number box="[670,681,587,613]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32CB3FD87FD34D322" box="[670,681,587,613]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0">1</number>
-
<number box="[691,702,587,613]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32C9EFD87FD23D322" box="[691,702,587,613]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0">1</number>
, Pt pr and rt
<number box="[851,865,587,613]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32D7EFD87FCFCD322" box="[851,865,587,613]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0">1</number>
, Tb d pr and rt
<number box="[1044,1057,587,613]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32A39FD87FBBCD322" box="[1044,1057,587,613]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0">1</number>
-
<number box="[1069,1082,587,613]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0">1</number>
<date pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32A00FD87FBA7D322" box="[1069,1082,587,613]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0">1</number>
<date id="FF85A081F160FFF32A6CFD80FF2AD3C2" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
v
<number box="[144,159,619,645]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="2.0">2</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32EBDFDA7FF02D3C2" box="[144,159,619,645]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="2.0">2</number>
-
<number box="[167,183,619,645]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="2.0">2</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32E8AFDA7FF2AD3C2" box="[167,183,619,645]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="2.0">2</number>
</date>
-0, Mt d
<number box="[279,316,619,645]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.0">0-2</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32F3AFDA7FEA1D3C2" box="[279,316,619,645]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.0">0-2</number>
-0 pr and rt
<number box="[448,459,619,645]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32FEDFDA7FE56D3C2" box="[448,459,619,645]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0">1</number>
-
<number box="[470,481,619,645]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32FFBFDA7FE7CD3C2" box="[470,481,619,645]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0">1</number>
-0,
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ap; II Fm d
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pr and rt 0-
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, Pt pr and rt
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ap; IV Fm d
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ap
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ap.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis box="[144,279,781,808]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Colouration</emphasis>
<paragraph id="8B848641F160FFF32EBDFCC1FCEDD28F" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F160FFF32EBDFCC1FE8AD26F" box="[144,279,781,808]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Colouration</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[292,376,781,808]" captionStart="Figs 37 41" captionStartId="11.[181,221,896,918]" captionTargetBox="[189,1133,206,882]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[189,1133,206,883]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs 37 41. Meleon raharizonina Logunov &amp; Azarkina, 2008 (37) from Madagascar (Tamatave), M. guineensis (Berland &amp; Millot, 1941) (38, 39) from Congo (Mayombe, Luki Forest Reserve), and M. madagascarensis (Wanless, 1978) (40 ♂ holotype of Portia madagascarensis; 41 ♀ holotype of Portia oreophila) from Madagascar, general appearance: (37, 39, 41) female, dorsal views; (38) ditto, front view; (40) male, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Figs 37</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13009AC4F160FFF32F09FCC1FEE5D26F" box="[292,376,781,808]" captionStart="Figs 37 41" captionStartId="11.[181,221,896,918]" captionTargetBox="[189,1133,206,882]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[189,1133,206,883]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs 37 41. Meleon raharizonina Logunov &amp; Azarkina, 2008 (37) from Madagascar (Tamatave), M. guineensis (Berland &amp; Millot, 1941) (38, 39) from Congo (Mayombe, Luki Forest Reserve), and M. madagascarensis (Wanless, 1978) (40 ♂ holotype of Portia madagascarensis; 41 ♀ holotype of Portia oreophila) from Madagascar, general appearance: (37, 39, 41) female, dorsal views; (38) ditto, front view; (40) male, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Figs 37</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[386,417,781,808]" captionStart="Figs 48 56" captionStartId="13.[181,221,1560,1581]" captionTargetBox="[189,1137,663,1521]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[181,1141,661,1533]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figs 48 56. Meleon raharizonina Logunov &amp; Azarkina, 2008 (48 51) from Madagascar (Tamatave), and Meleon madagascarensis (Wanless, 1978) (52 56) from Madagascar (♀ holotype of Portia oreophila): (48, 55) epigyne, ventral view; (49, 56) spermathecae, dorsal view; (50, 54) diagrammatic course of the insemination ducts; (51) female, dorsal view; (52) chelicera, ventral view; (53) leg I, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm in Figs 48, 49, 53 56; 1 mm in Fig. 51." pageId="14" pageNumber="177">51</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13009AC4F160FFF32FAFFCC1FE3CD26F" box="[386,417,781,808]" captionStart="Figs 48 56" captionStartId="13.[181,221,1560,1581]" captionTargetBox="[189,1137,663,1521]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[181,1141,661,1533]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figs 48 56. Meleon raharizonina Logunov &amp; Azarkina, 2008 (48 51) from Madagascar (Tamatave), and Meleon madagascarensis (Wanless, 1978) (52 56) from Madagascar (♀ holotype of Portia oreophila): (48, 55) epigyne, ventral view; (49, 56) spermathecae, dorsal view; (50, 54) diagrammatic course of the insemination ducts; (51) female, dorsal view; (52) chelicera, ventral view; (53) leg I, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm in Figs 48, 49, 53 56; 1 mm in Fig. 51." pageId="14" pageNumber="177">51</figureCitation>
): Carapace light yellow, with pale yellow ocular area and black around eyes. Sternum yellow. Clypeus light brown. Cheeks yellow, covered with white hairs. Abdomen: dorsum pale yellow, with a grey longitudinal stripe; sides and venter grey-yellow. Spinnerets brownish; book-lungs pale yellow. All legs brownish yellow, but femora IIII brown, femur IV with
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brown apical spots. Palps pale yellow, but palpal tarsi brownish. Epigyne and spermthecae as in
<figureCitation box="[746,876,941,968]" captionStart="Figs 48 56" captionStartId="13.[181,221,1560,1581]" captionTargetBox="[189,1137,663,1521]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[181,1141,661,1533]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figs 48 56. Meleon raharizonina Logunov &amp; Azarkina, 2008 (48 51) from Madagascar (Tamatave), and Meleon madagascarensis (Wanless, 1978) (52 56) from Madagascar (♀ holotype of Portia oreophila): (48, 55) epigyne, ventral view; (49, 56) spermathecae, dorsal view; (50, 54) diagrammatic course of the insemination ducts; (51) female, dorsal view; (52) chelicera, ventral view; (53) leg I, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm in Figs 48, 49, 53 56; 1 mm in Fig. 51." pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<figureCitation id="13009AC4F160FFF32CC7FC61FCF1D28F" box="[746,876,941,968]" captionStart="Figs 48 56" captionStartId="13.[181,221,1560,1581]" captionTargetBox="[189,1137,663,1521]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[181,1141,661,1533]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figs 48 56. Meleon raharizonina Logunov &amp; Azarkina, 2008 (48 51) from Madagascar (Tamatave), and Meleon madagascarensis (Wanless, 1978) (52 56) from Madagascar (♀ holotype of Portia oreophila): (48, 55) epigyne, ventral view; (49, 56) spermathecae, dorsal view; (50, 54) diagrammatic course of the insemination ducts; (51) female, dorsal view; (52) chelicera, ventral view; (53) leg I, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm in Figs 48, 49, 53 56; 1 mm in Fig. 51." pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
Figs
<number box="[802,876,942,968]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="49.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="48.0">4850</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32D0FFC62FCF1D28F" box="[802,876,942,968]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="49.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="48.0">4850</number>
</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="177" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF160FFF32EBDFC02FE7DD56B" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B848641F160FFF32EBDFC02FE7DD56B" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
Material examined:
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744417" collectingDate="1993-12" collectingMethod="sieved litter" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-19.6" location="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" longLatPrecision="1271" longitude="48.216667" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" specimenCode="200.208" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<collectingCountry box="[333,494,974,996]" name="Madagascar" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="Madagascar">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF160FFF32F60FC02FC1ED2BB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744417" collectingDate="1993-12" collectingMethod="sieved litter" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-19.6" location="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" longLatPrecision="1271" longitude="48.216667" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" specimenCode="200.208" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<collectingCountry id="F32CC6D1F160FFF32F60FC02FE73D2A3" box="[333,494,974,996]" name="Madagascar" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="Madagascar">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount box="[509,538,974,996]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" type="female">
<number box="[509,519,974,996]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0">1</number>
<specimenCount id="9D3D4DC8F160FFF32FD0FC02FD87D2A3" box="[509,538,974,996]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" type="female">
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32FD0FC02FD9AD2A3" box="[509,519,974,996]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0">1</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[553,623,974,996]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">MRAC</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F160FFF32C04FC02FDF2D2A3" box="[553,623,974,996]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">MRAC</collectionCode>
,
<specimenCode box="[635,712,974,996]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<number box="[635,712,974,996]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="200.208">200.208</number>
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF160FFF32C56FC02FD55D2A3" box="[635,712,974,996]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32C56FC02FD55D2A3" box="[635,712,974,996]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="200.208">200.208</number>
</specimenCode>
),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F160FFF32F71FF01FC24D414:8EE4D09AF160FFF32CF7FC03FE94D2BB" country="Madagascar" latitude="-19.6" longLatPrecision="1271" longitude="48.216667" name="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]</location>
<location id="8EE4D09AF160FFF32CF7FC03FE94D2BB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F160FFF32F71FF01FC24D414:8EE4D09AF160FFF32CF7FC03FE94D2BB" country="Madagascar" latitude="-19.6" longLatPrecision="1271" longitude="48.216667" name="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]</location>
,
<emphasis box="[272,294,999,1020]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">ca</emphasis>
<geoCoordinate box="[298,370,998,1020]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" precision="925" value="-19.6">
<number box="[298,321,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="19.0">19</number>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F160FFF32F3DFC2BFEBBD2BB" box="[272,294,999,1020]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">ca</emphasis>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FE086F160FFF32F07FC2AFEEFD2BB" box="[298,370,998,1020]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" precision="925" value="-19.6">
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32F07FC2AFEDCD2BB" box="[298,321,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="19.0">19</number>
°
<number box="[330,355,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="36.0">36</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32F67FC2AFEFED2BB" box="[330,355,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="36.0">36</number>
'S
</geoCoordinate>
:
<geoCoordinate box="[373,448,998,1020]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" precision="925" value="48.216667">
<number box="[373,399,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="48.0">48</number>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FE086F160FFF32F58FC2AFE5DD2BB" box="[373,448,998,1020]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" precision="925" value="48.216667">
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32F58FC2AFE12D2BB" box="[373,399,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="48.0">48</number>
°
<number box="[407,430,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="13.0">13</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32FBAFC2AFE33D2BB" box="[407,430,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="13.0">13</number>
'E
</geoCoordinate>
, forest on clay soil,
<collectingMethod box="[622,728,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">sieved litter</collectingMethod>
<collectingMethod id="527AFE56F160FFF32C43FC2AFD45D2BB" box="[622,728,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">sieved litter</collectingMethod>
,
<date box="[735,812,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1993-12">
<collectingDate box="[735,812,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1993-12">
<date id="FF85A081F160FFF32CF2FC2AFCB1D2BB" box="[735,812,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1993-12">
<collectingDate id="EFC15969F160FFF32CF2FC2AFCB1D2BB" box="[735,812,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1993-12">
xii.
<number box="[765,812,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1993.0">1993</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32CD0FC2AFCB1D2BB" box="[765,812,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1993.0">1993</number>
</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[818,899,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">A. Pauly</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F160FFF32D1FFC2AFC1ED2BB" box="[818,899,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">A. Pauly</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744432" collectingDate="1993-11-11" collectingMethod="sieved litter" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-19.6" location="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" longLatPrecision="1271" longitude="48.216667" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" specimenCode="177817" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount box="[906,934,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" type="male">
<number box="[906,914,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0">1</number>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF160FFF32DA7FC2AFD65D553" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744432" collectingDate="1993-11-11" collectingMethod="sieved litter" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-19.6" location="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" longLatPrecision="1271" longitude="48.216667" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" specimenCode="177817" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="9D3D4DC8F160FFF32DA7FC2AFC3BD2BB" box="[906,934,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" type="male">
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32DA7FC2AFC0FD2BB" box="[906,914,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0">1</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[945,1015,998,1020]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">MRAC</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F160FFF32D9CFC2AFC6AD2BB" box="[945,1015,998,1020]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">MRAC</collectionCode>
,
<specimenCode box="[1022,1093,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<number box="[1022,1093,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="177817.0">177817</number>
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF160FFF32DD3FC2AFBD8D2BB" box="[1022,1093,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32DD3FC2AFBD8D2BB" box="[1022,1093,998,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="177817.0">177817</number>
</specimenCode>
), same locality, forest on clay soil,
<collectingMethod box="[451,560,1022,1044]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">sieved litter</collectingMethod>
<collectingMethod id="527AFE56F160FFF32FEEFC32FDADD553" box="[451,560,1022,1044]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">sieved litter</collectingMethod>
,
<date box="[570,668,1022,1044]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1993-11-11">
<collectingDate box="[570,668,1022,1044]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1993-11-11">
<number box="[570,591,1022,1044]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="11.0">11</number>
<date id="FF85A081F160FFF32C17FC32FD01D553" box="[570,668,1022,1044]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1993-11-11">
<collectingDate id="EFC15969F160FFF32C17FC32FD01D553" box="[570,668,1022,1044]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1993-11-11">
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32C17FC32FDD2D553" box="[570,591,1022,1044]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="11.0">11</number>
.xi.
<number box="[617,668,1022,1044]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1993.0">1993</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32C44FC32FD01D553" box="[617,668,1022,1044]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1993.0">1993</number>
</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[677,760,1022,1044]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">A. Pauly</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F160FFF32C88FC32FD65D553" box="[677,760,1022,1044]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">A. Pauly</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744426" collectingDate="1993-12" collectingMethod="sieved litter" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-19.6" location="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" longLatPrecision="1271" longitude="48.216667" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" specimenCode="177901" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount box="[770,798,1022,1044]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" type="female">
<number box="[770,779,1022,1044]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0">1</number>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF160FFF32D2FFC32FE41D56B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744426" collectingDate="1993-12" collectingMethod="sieved litter" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-19.6" location="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" longLatPrecision="1271" longitude="48.216667" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" specimenCode="177901" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount id="9D3D4DC8F160FFF32D2FFC32FC83D553" box="[770,798,1022,1044]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" type="female">
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32D2FFC32FC96D553" box="[770,779,1022,1044]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1.0">1</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[811,881,1022,1044]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">MRAC</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F160FFF32D06FC32FCECD553" box="[811,881,1022,1044]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">MRAC</collectionCode>
,
<specimenCode box="[891,961,1022,1044]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<number box="[891,961,1022,1044]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="177901.0">177901</number>
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF160FFF32D56FC32FC5CD553" box="[891,961,1022,1044]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32D56FC32FC5CD553" box="[891,961,1022,1044]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="177901.0">177901</number>
</specimenCode>
), same locality,
<taxonomicName box="[144,239,1046,1068]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Aspleniaceae" genus="Asplenium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[144,239,1046,1068]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Asplenium</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F160FFF32EBDFBDAFF72D56B" box="[144,239,1046,1068]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Aspleniaceae" genus="Asplenium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F160FFF32EBDFBDAFF72D56B" box="[144,239,1046,1068]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Asplenium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-forest,
<date box="[310,387,1046,1068]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1993-12">
<collectingDate box="[310,387,1046,1068]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1993-12">
<date id="FF85A081F160FFF32F1BFBDAFE1ED56B" box="[310,387,1046,1068]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1993-12">
<collectingDate id="EFC15969F160FFF32F1BFBDAFE1ED56B" box="[310,387,1046,1068]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1993-12">
xii.
<number box="[339,387,1046,1068]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1993.0">1993</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32F7EFBDAFE1ED56B" box="[339,387,1046,1068]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="1993.0">1993</number>
</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[395,476,1046,1068]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">A. Pauly</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F160FFF32FA6FBDAFE41D56B" box="[395,476,1046,1068]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">A. Pauly</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="177" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF160FFF32EBDFBF5FC24D414" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B848641F160FFF32EBDFBF5FED1D5F4" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
Comments: This species was recently described after a single male from Madagascar by Logunov and Azarkina (
<number box="[415,476,1112,1139]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="2008.0">2008</number>
<number id="3DF39466F160FFF32FB2FB94FE41D534" box="[415,476,1112,1139]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="2008.0">2008</number>
). In new samples taken from the NE part of Madagascar we have found both sexes together. The female of
<taxonomicName box="[720,904,1144,1171]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raharizonina">
<emphasis box="[720,904,1144,1171]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">M. raharizonina</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F160FFF32CFDFBB5FC15D5D4" box="[720,904,1144,1171]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raharizonina">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F160FFF32CFDFBB5FC15D5D4" box="[720,904,1144,1171]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">M. raharizonina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is described here for the first time.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<paragraph id="8B848641F160FFF32E87FB74FC24D414" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
Both the male and female of
<taxonomicName box="[494,677,1208,1235]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raharizonina">
<emphasis box="[494,677,1208,1235]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">M. raharizonina</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F160FFF32FC3FB75FD38D594" box="[494,677,1208,1235]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raharizonina">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F160FFF32FC3FB75FD38D594" box="[494,677,1208,1235]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">M. raharizonina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are most similar to those of
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascarensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">M. madagascarensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F160FFF32DCEFB75FE8ED5B4" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascarensis">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F160FFF32DCEFB75FE8ED5B4" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">M. madagascarensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation box="[290,419,1240,1267]" captionStart="Figs 37 41" captionStartId="11.[181,221,896,918]" captionTargetBox="[189,1133,206,882]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[189,1133,206,883]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs 37 41. Meleon raharizonina Logunov &amp; Azarkina, 2008 (37) from Madagascar (Tamatave), M. guineensis (Berland &amp; Millot, 1941) (38, 39) from Congo (Mayombe, Luki Forest Reserve), and M. madagascarensis (Wanless, 1978) (40 ♂ holotype of Portia madagascarensis; 41 ♀ holotype of Portia oreophila) from Madagascar, general appearance: (37, 39, 41) female, dorsal views; (38) ditto, front view; (40) male, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Figs 40, 41</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13009AC4F160FFF32F0FFB14FE3ED5B4" box="[290,419,1240,1267]" captionStart="Figs 37 41" captionStartId="11.[181,221,896,918]" captionTargetBox="[189,1133,206,882]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[189,1133,206,883]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs 37 41. Meleon raharizonina Logunov &amp; Azarkina, 2008 (37) from Madagascar (Tamatave), M. guineensis (Berland &amp; Millot, 1941) (38, 39) from Congo (Mayombe, Luki Forest Reserve), and M. madagascarensis (Wanless, 1978) (40 ♂ holotype of Portia madagascarensis; 41 ♀ holotype of Portia oreophila) from Madagascar, general appearance: (37, 39, 41) female, dorsal views; (38) ditto, front view; (40) male, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="14" pageNumber="177">Figs 40, 41</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[432,506,1241,1267]" captionStart="Figs 42 47" captionStartId="12.[144,182,1270,1292]" captionTargetBox="[153,1082,205,1243]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[153,1094,196,1248]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figs 42 47. Meleon madagascarensis (Wanless, 1978) from Madagascar (♂ holotype of P. madagascarensis): (42) male palp, ventral view; (43) ditto, retrolateral view; (44) ditto, dorsal view; (45) ditto, median view; (46) chelicera, ventral view; (47) leg I, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<number box="[432,461,1241,1267]" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" value="42.0">42</number>
<figureCitation id="13009AC4F160FFF32F9DFB15FE67D5B4" box="[432,506,1241,1267]" captionStart="Figs 42 47" captionStartId="12.[144,182,1270,1292]" captionTargetBox="[153,1082,205,1243]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[153,1094,196,1248]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figs 42 47. Meleon madagascarensis (Wanless, 1978) from Madagascar (♂ holotype of P. madagascarensis): (42) male palp, ventral view; (43) ditto, retrolateral view; (44) ditto, dorsal view; (45) ditto, median view; (46) chelicera, ventral view; (47) leg I, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
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47
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,
<figureCitation box="[518,593,1240,1267]" captionStart="Figs 48 56" captionStartId="13.[181,221,1560,1581]" captionTargetBox="[189,1137,663,1521]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[181,1141,661,1533]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figs 48 56. Meleon raharizonina Logunov &amp; Azarkina, 2008 (48 51) from Madagascar (Tamatave), and Meleon madagascarensis (Wanless, 1978) (52 56) from Madagascar (♀ holotype of Portia oreophila): (48, 55) epigyne, ventral view; (49, 56) spermathecae, dorsal view; (50, 54) diagrammatic course of the insemination ducts; (51) female, dorsal view; (52) chelicera, ventral view; (53) leg I, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm in Figs 48, 49, 53 56; 1 mm in Fig. 51." pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<figureCitation id="13009AC4F160FFF32C2BFB14FDCCD5B4" box="[518,593,1240,1267]" captionStart="Figs 48 56" captionStartId="13.[181,221,1560,1581]" captionTargetBox="[189,1137,663,1521]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[181,1141,661,1533]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figs 48 56. Meleon raharizonina Logunov &amp; Azarkina, 2008 (48 51) from Madagascar (Tamatave), and Meleon madagascarensis (Wanless, 1978) (52 56) from Madagascar (♀ holotype of Portia oreophila): (48, 55) epigyne, ventral view; (49, 56) spermathecae, dorsal view; (50, 54) diagrammatic course of the insemination ducts; (51) female, dorsal view; (52) chelicera, ventral view; (53) leg I, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm in Figs 48, 49, 53 56; 1 mm in Fig. 51." pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
53
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). The male can easily be distinguished by the shape of massive tibial apophysis (Logunov &amp; Azarkina
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, figs
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). The female differs in having shorter inseminations ducts and transverse, slit-shaped copulation openings (
<emphasis box="[261,284,1337,1363]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">vs</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F160FFF32F28FAF5FE81D414" box="[261,284,1337,1363]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">vs</emphasis>
V-shaped ones in
<taxonomicName box="[490,720,1336,1363]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascarensis">
<emphasis box="[490,720,1336,1363]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">M. madagascarensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F160FFF32FC7FAF5FD4DD414" box="[490,720,1336,1363]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascarensis">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F160FFF32FC7FAF5FD4DD414" box="[490,720,1336,1363]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="177">M. madagascarensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; cf.
<figureCitation box="[771,940,1336,1363]" captionStart="Figs 48 56" captionStartId="13.[181,221,1560,1581]" captionTargetBox="[189,1137,663,1521]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[181,1141,661,1533]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figs 48 56. Meleon raharizonina Logunov &amp; Azarkina, 2008 (48 51) from Madagascar (Tamatave), and Meleon madagascarensis (Wanless, 1978) (52 56) from Madagascar (♀ holotype of Portia oreophila): (48, 55) epigyne, ventral view; (49, 56) spermathecae, dorsal view; (50, 54) diagrammatic course of the insemination ducts; (51) female, dorsal view; (52) chelicera, ventral view; (53) leg I, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm in Figs 48, 49, 53 56; 1 mm in Fig. 51." pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
<figureCitation id="13009AC4F160FFF32D2EFAF4FC31D414" box="[771,940,1336,1363]" captionStart="Figs 48 56" captionStartId="13.[181,221,1560,1581]" captionTargetBox="[189,1137,663,1521]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[181,1141,661,1533]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figs 48 56. Meleon raharizonina Logunov &amp; Azarkina, 2008 (48 51) from Madagascar (Tamatave), and Meleon madagascarensis (Wanless, 1978) (52 56) from Madagascar (♀ holotype of Portia oreophila): (48, 55) epigyne, ventral view; (49, 56) spermathecae, dorsal view; (50, 54) diagrammatic course of the insemination ducts; (51) female, dorsal view; (52) chelicera, ventral view; (53) leg I, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm in Figs 48, 49, 53 56; 1 mm in Fig. 51." pageId="14" pageNumber="177">
Figs
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and
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).
</paragraph>

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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201369" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114923603" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6201369" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F169FFFA2FCEFDC5FE64D249" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03923757F169FFFA2FCEFDC5FE64D249" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<subSubSection box="[483,840,520,547]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="nomenclature">
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<heading box="[483,840,520,547]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" reason="1">
<treatment id="03923757F169FFFA2FCEFDC5FE64D249" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201369" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114923603" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6201369" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F169FFFA2FCEFDC5FE64D249" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03923757F169FFFA2FCEFDC5FE64D249" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" scope_family="Salticidae" scope_order="Araneae">
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<paragraph id="8B848641F169FFFA2FCEFDC5FCD5D364" box="[483,840,520,547]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<heading id="D0CC312DF169FFFA2FCEFDC5FCD5D364" box="[483,840,520,547]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" reason="1">
Genus
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<emphasis box="[561,690,520,547]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Holcolaetis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2C1CFDC4FCD5D364" ID-CoL="63785" authority="Simon, 1886" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1886" box="[561,840,520,547]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Holcolaetis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2C1CFDC4FD2FD364" box="[561,690,520,547]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Holcolaetis</emphasis>
Simon,
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<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2D3DFDC5FCD5D364" box="[784,840,521,547]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1886.0">1886</number>
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</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
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<paragraph id="8B848641F169FFFA2EFDFDFEFE64D249" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
This is a small Afrotropical genus of eight described species (Platnick
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<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2DE4FDFEFB9ED309" box="[969,1027,562,590]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2009.0">2009</number>
), confined to the Afrotropical region except for the single species
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<emphasis box="[798,888,594,622]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">H. dyali</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2D33FD98FB80D32A" authority="Roewer, 1951" authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1951" box="[798,1053,594,622]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Holcolaetis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dyali">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2D33FD98FCE5D329" box="[798,888,594,622]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">H. dyali</emphasis>
Roewer,
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<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2DCEFD9FFB80D32A" box="[995,1053,595,621]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1951.0">1951</number>
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, known from Pakistan (Lahor: Gol Bagh; see Dyal
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<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2CABFDBEFD5CD3C9" box="[646,705,626,654]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1935.0">1935</number>
).According to Wanless (
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<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2DFDFDBEFB91D3C9" box="[976,1036,626,654]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1985.0">1985</number>
:
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<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2A39FDBEFBDCD3C9" box="[1044,1089,626,654]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="255.0">255</number>
), the record by Dyal (
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<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2F44FD5EFE38D3E9" box="[361,421,658,686]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1935.0">1935</number>
:
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<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2F82FD5FFE46D3EA" box="[431,475,659,685]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="222.0">222</number>
, sub
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<emphasis box="[530,625,658,686]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">H. vidua</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2C3FFD58FC91D3E9" authority="Lessert, 1927" authorityName="Lessert" authorityYear="1927" box="[530,780,658,686]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Holcolaetis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vidua">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2C3FFD58FDECD3E9" box="[530,625,658,686]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">H. vidua</emphasis>
Lessert,
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<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2CFEFD5EFC91D3E9" box="[723,780,658,686]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1927.0">1927</number>
</taxonomicName>
) was based on misidentification. Yet the taxonomic status and validity of the species name
<taxonomicName box="[827,916,690,718]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Holcolaetis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dyali">
<emphasis box="[827,916,690,718]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">H. dyali</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2D16FD78FC09D389" box="[827,916,690,718]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Holcolaetis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dyali">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2D16FD78FC09D389" box="[827,916,690,718]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">H. dyali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
remain obscure and require further attention. The genus
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<emphasis box="[599,728,722,750]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Holcolaetis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2C7AFD1EFD45D3A9" box="[599,728,722,750]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Holcolaetis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2C7AFD1EFD45D3A9" box="[599,728,722,750]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Holcolaetis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was included in the
<taxonomicName box="[973,1104,722,750]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Spartaeinae">Spartaeinae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2DE0FD1EFBCDD3A9" box="[973,1104,722,750]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Spartaeinae">Spartaeinae</taxonomicName>
by Rodrigo and Jackson (
<number box="[432,493,754,782]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1992.0">1992</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2F9DFD3EFE70D249" box="[432,493,754,782]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1992.0">1992</number>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

View file

@ -1,165 +1,165 @@
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201367" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114923602" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6201367" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F169FFFA2FCEFF01FF63D0A4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03923757F169FFFA2FCEFF01FF63D0A4" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
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<taxonomicName authority="Wijesinghe, 1993" authorityName="Wijesinghe" authorityYear="1993" box="[483,840,205,232]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
<emphasis box="[483,635,205,232]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Cyrba simoni</emphasis>
<treatment id="03923757F169FFFA2FCEFF01FF63D0A4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201367" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114923602" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6201367" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F169FFFA2FCEFF01FF63D0A4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03923757F169FFFA2FCEFF01FF63D0A4" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" scope_family="Salticidae" scope_order="Araneae">
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF169FFFA2FCEFF01FCD5D1AF" box="[483,840,205,232]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B848641F169FFFA2FCEFF01FCD5D1AF" box="[483,840,205,232]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<heading id="D0CC312DF169FFFA2FCEFF01FCD5D1AF" box="[483,840,205,232]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2FCEFF01FCD5D1AF" ID-CoL="33JGM" authority="Wijesinghe, 1993" authorityName="Wijesinghe" authorityYear="1993" box="[483,840,205,232]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2FCEFF01FDE6D1AF" box="[483,635,205,232]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Cyrba simoni</emphasis>
Wijesinghe,
<number box="[784,840,206,232]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1993.0">1993</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2D3DFF02FCD5D1AF" box="[784,840,206,232]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1993.0">1993</number>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<taxonomicName authority="Wijesinghe 1993:136" authorityName="Wijesinghe" authorityPageNumber="136" authorityYear="1993" box="[181,505,251,273]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
<emphasis box="[181,300,251,273]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Cyrba simoni</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF169FFFA2E98FF37FD05D06E" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B848641F169FFFA2E98FF37FD05D06E" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2E98FF37FE64D056" authority="Wijesinghe 1993:136" authorityName="Wijesinghe" authorityPageNumber="136" authorityYear="1993" box="[181,505,251,273]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2E98FF37FEB1D056" box="[181,300,251,273]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Cyrba simoni</emphasis>
: Wijesinghe
<number box="[415,463,251,273]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1993.0">1993</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2FB2FF37FE52D056" box="[415,463,251,273]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1993.0">1993</number>
:
<number box="[469,505,251,273]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="136.0">136</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2FF8FF37FE64D056" box="[469,505,251,273]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="136.0">136</number>
</taxonomicName>
; Wanless
<number box="[590,634,251,273]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1984.0">1984</number>
<emphasis box="[634,645,251,273]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">b</emphasis>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2C63FF37FDE7D056" box="[590,634,251,273]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1984.0">1984</number>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2C57FF37FD18D056" box="[634,645,251,273]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">b</emphasis>
:
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<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2CA2FF37FD7DD056" box="[655,736,251,273]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="462.0" valueMax="463.0" valueMin="461.0">461463</number>
, figs
<number box="[780,800,251,273]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="10.0">10</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2D21FF37FCBDD056" box="[780,800,251,273]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="10.0">10</number>
AL (sub
<taxonomicName box="[888,1013,251,273]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bimaculata">
<emphasis box="[888,1013,251,273]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">C. bimaculata</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2D55FF37FC68D056" box="[888,1013,251,273]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bimaculata">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2D55FF37FC68D056" box="[888,1013,251,273]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">C. bimaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); Wesołowska &amp; Russell-Smith
<number box="[435,484,275,297]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2000.0">2000</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2F9EFEDFFE79D06E" box="[435,484,275,297]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2000.0">2000</number>
:
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<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2FC1FEDFFDB5D06E" box="[492,552,275,297]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="20.5" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="20.0">2021</number>
, figs
<number box="[600,660,275,297]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="22.0" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="20.0">2024</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2C75FEDFFD09D06E" box="[600,660,275,297]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="22.0" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="20.0">2024</number>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF169FFFA2E98FEFFFD2DD03E" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B848641F169FFFA2E98FEFFFD2DD03E" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
Material examined:
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<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF169FFFA2F5EFEF8FDDED026" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744429" collectingDate="2002-04-23" collectingMethod="by hand" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="N. Benoit" country="Burundi" location="BURUNDI" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" specimenCode="213879" specimenCount="851" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="850">
<collectingCountry id="F32CC6D1F169FFFA2F5EFEF8FE47D00E" box="[371,474,308,329]" name="Burundi" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="Burundi">BURUNDI</collectingCountry>
:
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<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2FC4FEFFFE6ED00E" box="[489,499,307,329]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
</specimenCount>
(
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<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F169FFFA2C38FEFFFDC6D00E" box="[533,603,307,329]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">MRAC</collectionCode>
,
<number box="[615,686,307,329]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="213879.0">
<specimenCode box="[615,686,307,329]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">213879</specimenCode>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2C4AFEFFFD33D00E" box="[615,686,307,329]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="213879.0">
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF169FFFA2C4AFEFFFD33D00E" box="[615,686,307,329]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">213879</specimenCode>
</number>
), Cabara, miombo woodland with
<taxonomicName box="[1016,1136,307,329]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Brachystegia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1016,1136,307,329]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Brachystegia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2DD5FEFFFBEDD00E" box="[1016,1136,307,329]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Brachystegia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2DD5FEFFFBEDD00E" box="[1016,1136,307,329]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Brachystegia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<collectingMethod box="[181,259,331,353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">by hand</collectingMethod>
<collectingMethod id="527AFE56F169FFFA2E98FE87FE9ED026" box="[181,259,331,353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">by hand</collectingMethod>
,
<emphasis box="[271,292,332,353]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">ca</emphasis>
<quantity box="[301,363,331,353]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" unit="m" value="850.0">
<specimenCount box="[301,363,331,353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="male">850 m</specimenCount>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2F22FE80FEB9D026" box="[271,292,332,353]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">ca</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CC32BA4F169FFFA2F00FE87FEF6D026" box="[301,363,331,353]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" unit="m" value="850.0">
<specimenCount id="9D3D4DC8F169FFFA2F00FE87FEF6D026" box="[301,363,331,353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="male">850 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate box="[375,473,331,353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2002-04-23">
<date box="[375,473,331,353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2002-04-23">
<number box="[375,398,331,353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="23.0">23</number>
<collectingDate id="EFC15969F169FFFA2F5AFE87FE44D026" box="[375,473,331,353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2002-04-23">
<date id="FF85A081F169FFFA2F5AFE87FE44D026" box="[375,473,331,353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2002-04-23">
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2F5AFE87FE13D026" box="[375,398,331,353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="23.0">23</number>
.iv.
<number box="[423,473,331,353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2002.0">2002</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2F8AFE87FE44D026" box="[423,473,331,353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2002.0">2002</number>
</date>
</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName box="[485,579,331,353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">N. Benoit</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F169FFFA2FC8FE80FDDED026" box="[485,579,331,353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">N. Benoit</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744434" collectingDate="2002-05-23" collectingMethod="by hand" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="N. Benoit" country="Burundi" elevation="850" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" specimenCode="213828" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount box="[591,620,331,353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="male">
<number box="[591,599,331,353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF169FFFA2C62FE87FD31D03E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744434" collectingDate="2002-05-23" collectingMethod="by hand" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="N. Benoit" country="Burundi" elevation="850" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" specimenCode="213828" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="9D3D4DC8F169FFFA2C62FE87FDF1D026" box="[591,620,331,353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="male">
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2C62FE87FDCAD026" box="[591,599,331,353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[635,705,331,353]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">MRAC</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F169FFFA2C56FE87FD5CD026" box="[635,705,331,353]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">MRAC</collectionCode>
,
<specimenCode box="[717,788,331,353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<number box="[717,788,331,353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="213828.0">213828</number>
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF169FFFA2CE0FE87FC89D026" box="[717,788,331,353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2CE0FE87FC89D026" box="[717,788,331,353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="213828.0">213828</number>
</specimenCode>
), Nkayamba, miombo woodland with
<taxonomicName box="[181,301,355,377]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Brachystegia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[181,301,355,377]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Brachystegia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2E98FEAFFEB0D03E" box="[181,301,355,377]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Brachystegia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2E98FEAFFEB0D03E" box="[181,301,355,377]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Brachystegia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<collectingMethod box="[312,387,355,377]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">by hand</collectingMethod>
<collectingMethod id="527AFE56F169FFFA2F15FEAFFE1ED03E" box="[312,387,355,377]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">by hand</collectingMethod>
,
<emphasis box="[396,418,356,377]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">ca</emphasis>
<quantity box="[423,482,355,377]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" unit="m" value="850.0">
<elevation box="[423,482,355,377]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" unit="m" value="850.0">850 m</elevation>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2FA1FEA8FE3FD03E" box="[396,418,356,377]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">ca</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CC32BA4F169FFFA2F8AFEAFFE7FD03E" box="[423,482,355,377]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" unit="m" value="850.0">
<elevation id="00166172F169FFFA2F8AFEAFFE7FD03E" box="[423,482,355,377]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" unit="m" value="850.0">850 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate box="[492,583,355,377]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2002-05-23">
<date box="[492,583,355,377]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2002-05-23">
<number box="[492,515,355,377]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="23.0">23</number>
<collectingDate id="EFC15969F169FFFA2FC1FEAFFDDAD03E" box="[492,583,355,377]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2002-05-23">
<date id="FF85A081F169FFFA2FC1FEAFFDDAD03E" box="[492,583,355,377]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2002-05-23">
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2FC1FEAFFD9ED03E" box="[492,515,355,377]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="23.0">23</number>
.v.
<number box="[533,583,355,377]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2002.0">2002</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2C38FEAFFDDAD03E" box="[533,583,355,377]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2002.0">2002</number>
</date>
</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName box="[592,684,355,377]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">N. Benoit</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F169FFFA2C7DFEA8FD31D03E" box="[592,684,355,377]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">N. Benoit</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF169FFFA2E98FE44FF63D0A4" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B848641F169FFFA2E98FE44FF63D0A4" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
Distribution: This is a widespread Afrotropical species, known from Nigeria and Cameroon to Tanzania and Angola in the south (Wanless
<number box="[733,788,425,451]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1984.0">1984</number>
<emphasis box="[788,802,424,451]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">b</emphasis>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2CF0FE65FC89D084" box="[733,788,425,451]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1984.0">1984</number>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2D39FE64FCBFD084" box="[788,802,424,451]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">b</emphasis>
; Wesołowska &amp; Russell-Smith
<number box="[181,242,456,483]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2000.0">2000</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2E98FE04FF6FD0A4" box="[181,242,456,483]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2000.0">2000</number>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

View file

@ -1,131 +1,131 @@
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201373" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114923606" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6201373" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F169FFFA2FDDFB29FEFAD7CD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03923757F169FFFA2FDDFB29FEFAD7CD" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<subSubSection box="[496,827,1252,1279]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph box="[496,827,1252,1279]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<heading box="[496,827,1252,1279]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" reason="1">
<treatment id="03923757F169FFFA2FDDFB29FEFAD7CD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201373" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114923606" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6201373" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F169FFFA2FDDFB29FEFAD7CD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03923757F169FFFA2FDDFB29FEFAD7CD" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" scope_family="Salticidae" scope_order="Araneae">
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF169FFFA2FDDFB29FCA6D5B8" box="[496,827,1252,1279]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B848641F169FFFA2FDDFB29FCA6D5B8" box="[496,827,1252,1279]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<heading id="D0CC312DF169FFFA2FDDFB29FCA6D5B8" box="[496,827,1252,1279]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" reason="1">
Genus
<taxonomicName authority="Wanless, 1984" authorityName="Wanless" authorityYear="1984" box="[574,827,1252,1279]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[574,658,1252,1279]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Meleon</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2C13FB28FCA6D5B8" ID-CoL="5NNL" authority="Wanless, 1984" authorityName="Wanless" authorityYear="1984" box="[574,827,1252,1279]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2C13FB28FD0FD5B8" box="[574,658,1252,1279]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Meleon</emphasis>
Wanless,
<number box="[771,827,1253,1279]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1984.0">1984</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2D2EFB29FCA6D5B8" box="[771,827,1253,1279]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1984.0">1984</number>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF169FFFA2EFDFAC2FCFFD40E" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B848641F169FFFA2EFDFAC2FCFFD40E" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
This Afrotropical genus currently consists of eight described species (Platnick
<number box="[1069,1128,1294,1322]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2009.0">2009</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2A00FAC2FBF5D46D" box="[1069,1128,1294,1322]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2009.0">2009</number>
), occurring from Guinea in the west to Madagascar in the east.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF169FFFA2EFDFA82FEFAD7CD" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B848641F169FFFA2EFDFA82FEFAD7CD" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
The composition of
<taxonomicName box="[451,537,1358,1386]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[451,537,1358,1386]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Meleon</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2FEEFA82FD84D42D" box="[451,537,1358,1386]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2FEEFA82FD84D42D" box="[451,537,1358,1386]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Meleon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
requires further study, as the genus seems to be a paraphyletic taxon. According to Wijesinghe (
<number box="[713,774,1390,1418]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1994.0">1994</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2CE4FAA2FC9BD4CD" box="[713,774,1390,1418]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1994.0">1994</number>
),
<taxonomicName box="[795,880,1390,1418]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[795,880,1390,1418]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Meleon</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2D36FAA2FCEDD4CD" box="[795,880,1390,1418]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2D36FAA2FCEDD4CD" box="[795,880,1390,1418]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Meleon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should consist of only three species:
<taxonomicName authority="Berland &amp; Millot, 1941" authorityName="Berland &amp; Millot" authorityYear="1941" box="[346,809,1422,1450]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guineensis">
<emphasis box="[346,506,1424,1450]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">M. guineensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2F77FA5CFCB4D4ED" authority="Berland &amp; Millot, 1941" authorityName="Berland &amp; Millot" authorityYear="1941" box="[346,809,1422,1450]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guineensis">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2F77FA5CFE67D4ED" box="[346,506,1424,1450]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">M. guineensis</emphasis>
(Berland &amp; Millot,
<number box="[740,800,1422,1450]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1941.0">1941</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2CC9FA42FCBDD4ED" box="[740,800,1422,1450]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1941.0">1941</number>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authority="Lessert, 1927" authorityName="Lessert" authorityYear="1927" box="[822,1141,1422,1450]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis box="[822,959,1422,1450]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">M. solitaria</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2D1BFA5CFBE8D4ED" authority="Lessert, 1927" authorityName="Lessert" authorityYear="1927" box="[822,1141,1422,1450]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2D1BFA5CFC22D4ED" box="[822,959,1422,1450]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">M. solitaria</emphasis>
(Lessert,
<number box="[1075,1133,1422,1450]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1927.0">1927</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2A1EFA42FBF0D4ED" box="[1075,1133,1422,1450]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1927.0">1927</number>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authority="Lessert, 1925" authorityName="Lessert" authorityYear="1925" box="[232,516,1454,1482]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kenti">
<emphasis box="[232,327,1454,1482]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">M. kenti</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2EC5FA7CFD99D48D" authority="Lessert, 1925" authorityName="Lessert" authorityYear="1925" box="[232,516,1454,1482]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kenti">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2EC5FA7CFEDAD48D" box="[232,327,1454,1482]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">M. kenti</emphasis>
(Lessert,
<number box="[446,507,1454,1482]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1925.0">1925</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2F93FA62FE66D48D" box="[446,507,1454,1482]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1925.0">1925</number>
)
</taxonomicName>
; the last is the
<typeStatus box="[695,745,1456,1481]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">type</typeStatus>
<typeStatus id="548038E3F169FFFA2C9AFA7CFD74D48E" box="[695,745,1456,1481]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">type</typeStatus>
species.
<taxonomicName box="[853,1091,1454,1482]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascarensis">
<emphasis box="[853,1091,1454,1482]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">M. madagascarensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2D78FA7CFBDED48D" box="[853,1091,1454,1482]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascarensis">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2D78FA7CFBDED48D" box="[853,1091,1454,1482]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">M. madagascarensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName box="[181,306,1488,1514]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="russata">
<emphasis box="[181,306,1488,1514]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">M. russata</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2E98FA1CFEAFD4AD" box="[181,306,1488,1514]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="russata">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2E98FA1CFEAFD4AD" box="[181,306,1488,1514]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">M. russata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as stated by Wijesinghe (
<number box="[617,678,1486,1514]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1994.0">1994</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2C44FA02FD3BD4AD" box="[617,678,1486,1514]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1994.0">1994</number>
), belong elsewhere. The same seems to hold true for two new
<taxonomicName box="[439,525,1518,1546]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[439,525,1518,1546]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Meleon</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2F9AFA22FD90D74D" box="[439,525,1518,1546]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2F9AFA22FD90D74D" box="[439,525,1518,1546]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Meleon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species recently described by Logunov and Azarkina (
<number box="[190,252,1550,1578]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2008.0">2008</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2E93F9C2FF61D76D" box="[190,252,1550,1578]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2008.0">2008</number>
), viz.
<taxonomicName box="[323,462,1550,1578]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis box="[323,462,1550,1578]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">M. insularis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2F6EF9DCFE53D76D" box="[323,462,1550,1578]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2F6EF9DCFE53D76D" box="[323,462,1550,1578]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">M. insularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName box="[518,707,1550,1578]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raharisonina">
<emphasis box="[518,707,1550,1578]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">M. raharisonina</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2C2BF9DCFD5ED76D" box="[518,707,1550,1578]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raharisonina">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2C2BF9DCFD5ED76D" box="[518,707,1550,1578]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">M. raharisonina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as both are closely related to
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascarensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">M. madagascarensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2A0EF9DCFEC4D70D" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascarensis">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2A0EF9DCFEC4D70D" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">M. madagascarensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The problem of the taxonomic status and composition of
<taxonomicName box="[1028,1114,1582,1610]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1028,1114,1582,1610]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Meleon</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2A29F9E2FBC7D70D" box="[1028,1114,1582,1610]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2A29F9E2FBC7D70D" box="[1028,1114,1582,1610]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Meleon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is outside the scope of the present work and will be considered properly elsewhere by one of us (
<collectionCode box="[303,346,1646,1674]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">DL</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F169FFFA2F02F9A2FEC7D7CD" box="[303,346,1646,1674]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">DL</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

View file

@ -1,349 +1,349 @@
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201371" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114923604" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6201371" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F169FFFA2FEDFCF6FD74D5F3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03923757F169FFFA2FEDFCF6FD74D5F3" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<subSubSection box="[448,875,826,854]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph box="[448,875,826,854]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<heading box="[448,875,826,854]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" reason="1">
<taxonomicName authority="Lawrence, 1937" authorityName="Lawrence" authorityYear="1937" box="[448,875,826,854]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Holcolaetis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zuluensis">
<emphasis box="[448,687,826,854]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Holcolaetis zuluensis</emphasis>
<treatment id="03923757F169FFFA2FEDFCF6FD74D5F3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201371" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114923604" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6201371" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F169FFFA2FEDFCF6FD74D5F3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03923757F169FFFA2FEDFCF6FD74D5F3" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" scope_family="Salticidae" scope_order="Araneae">
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF169FFFA2FEDFCF6FCF6D212" box="[448,875,826,854]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B848641F169FFFA2FEDFCF6FCF6D212" box="[448,875,826,854]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<heading id="D0CC312DF169FFFA2FEDFCF6FCF6D212" box="[448,875,826,854]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2FEDFCF6FCF6D212" ID-CoL="3M7RD" authority="Lawrence, 1937" authorityName="Lawrence" authorityYear="1937" box="[448,875,826,854]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Holcolaetis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zuluensis">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2FEDFCF6FD32D211" box="[448,687,826,854]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Holcolaetis zuluensis</emphasis>
Lawrence,
<number box="[819,875,827,853]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1937.0">1937</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2D1EFCF7FCF6D212" box="[819,875,827,853]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1937.0">1937</number>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[599,724,868,895]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="description">
<paragraph box="[599,724,868,895]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<figureCitation box="[599,724,868,895]" captionStart="Figs 24 27" captionStartId="8.[144,183,1182,1204]" captionTargetBox="[179,1071,205,1158]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[170,1077,201,1162]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs 24 27. Holcolaetis zuluensis Lawrence, 1937 (24, 25) from South Africa (Limpopo, Little Leigh) and Meleon russata (Simon, 1900) (26, 27) from Madagascar (Tamatave), general appearance: (24, 27) male, dorsal views; (25, 26) female, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF169FFFA2C7AFCA8FD49D238" box="[599,724,868,895]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B848641F169FFFA2C7AFCA8FD49D238" box="[599,724,868,895]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<figureCitation id="13009AC4F169FFFA2C7AFCA8FD49D238" box="[599,724,868,895]" captionStart="Figs 24 27" captionStartId="8.[144,183,1182,1204]" captionTargetBox="[179,1071,205,1158]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[170,1077,201,1162]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs 24 27. Holcolaetis zuluensis Lawrence, 1937 (24, 25) from South Africa (Limpopo, Little Leigh) and Meleon russata (Simon, 1900) (26, 27) from Madagascar (Tamatave), general appearance: (24, 27) male, dorsal views; (25, 26) female, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
Figs
<number box="[654,724,869,895]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="24.25">24, 25</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2CA3FCA9FD49D238" box="[654,724,869,895]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="24.25">24, 25</number>
</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<taxonomicName authority="Lawrence 1937: 255" authorityName="Lawrence" authorityPageNumber="255" authorityYear="1937" box="[181,572,906,928]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Holcolaetis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zuluensis">
<emphasis box="[181,374,906,928]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Holcolaetis zuluensis</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF169FFFA2E98FC46FD25D2FF" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B848641F169FFFA2E98FC46FD25D2FF" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2E98FC46FDA1D2E7" authority="Lawrence 1937: 255" authorityName="Lawrence" authorityPageNumber="255" authorityYear="1937" box="[181,572,906,928]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Holcolaetis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zuluensis">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2E98FC46FEEBD2E7" box="[181,374,906,928]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Holcolaetis zuluensis</emphasis>
: Lawrence
<number box="[479,528,906,928]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1937.0">1937</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2FF2FC46FD8DD2E7" box="[479,528,906,928]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1937.0">1937</number>
:
<number box="[536,572,906,928]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="255.0">255</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2C35FC46FDA1D2E7" box="[536,572,906,928]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="255.0">255</number>
</taxonomicName>
, fig.
<number box="[615,640,906,928]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="23.0">23</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2C4AFC46FD1DD2E7" box="[615,640,906,928]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="23.0">23</number>
; Wanless
<number box="[728,776,906,928]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1985.0">1985</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2CF5FC46FC95D2E7" box="[728,776,906,928]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1985.0">1985</number>
:
<number box="[784,866,906,928]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="259.5" valueMax="260.0" valueMin="259.0">259260</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2D3DFC46FCFFD2E7" box="[784,866,906,928]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="259.5" valueMax="260.0" valueMin="259.0">259260</number>
, figs
<number box="[912,923,906,928]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="6.0">6</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2DBDFC46FC06D2E7" box="[912,923,906,928]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="6.0">6</number>
AG,
<number box="[979,1002,906,928]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="16.0">16</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2DFEFC46FC77D2E7" box="[979,1002,906,928]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="16.0">16</number>
C; Wesołowska &amp; Haddad
<number box="[377,426,930,952]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2009.0">2009</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2F54FC6EFE37D2FF" box="[377,426,930,952]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2009.0">2009</number>
:
<number box="[434,494,930,952]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="48.0" valueMax="49.0" valueMin="47.0">4749</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2F9FFC6EFE73D2FF" box="[434,494,930,952]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="48.0" valueMax="49.0" valueMin="47.0">4749</number>
, figs
<number box="[542,564,930,952]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="83.0">83</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2C33FC6EFDA9D2FF" box="[542,564,930,952]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="83.0">83</number>
86, 240, 241.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF169FFFA2E98FC0FFCABD52E" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B848641F169FFFA2E98FC0FFCABD52E" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
Material examined:
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744428" collectingDate="2006-03-21" collectionCode="NCA" collectorName="I. Sinthumule" country="Southafrica" latitude="-23.566668" location="Little Leigh" longLatPrecision="1255" longitude="30.45" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" specimenCode="2009 / 2185" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="SOUTHAFRICA">
<collectingRegion box="[356,515,963,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">SOUTHAFRICA</collectingRegion>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF169FFFA2F49FC0FFDE6D2B6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744428" collectingDate="2006-03-21" collectionCode="NCA" collectorName="I. Sinthumule" country="Southafrica" latitude="-23.566668" location="Little Leigh" longLatPrecision="1255" longitude="30.45" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" specimenCode="2009 / 2185" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="SOUTHAFRICA">
<collectingRegion id="49FF48A3F169FFFA2F49FC0FFD9ED29E" box="[356,515,963,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">SOUTHAFRICA</collectingRegion>
:
<emphasis box="[525,604,964,985]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<collectingRegion box="[525,604,964,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Limpopo</collectingRegion>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2C20FC08FDC1D29E" box="[525,604,964,985]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<collectingRegion id="49FF48A3F169FFFA2C20FC08FDC1D29E" box="[525,604,964,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Limpopo</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount box="[614,642,963,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="male">
<number box="[614,622,963,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
<specimenCount id="9D3D4DC8F169FFFA2C4BFC0FFD1FD29E" box="[614,642,963,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="male">
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2C4BFC0FFDF3D29E" box="[614,622,963,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[652,702,963,985]" collectionName="NCA" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">NCA</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F169FFFA2CA1FC0FFD23D29E" box="[652,702,963,985]" collectionName="NCA" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">NCA</collectionCode>
,
<specimenCode box="[709,807,963,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<number box="[709,755,963,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2009.0">2009</number>
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF169FFFA2CE8FC0FFCBAD29E" box="[709,807,963,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2CE8FC0FFD6ED29E" box="[709,755,963,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2009.0">2009</number>
/
<number box="[762,807,963,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2185.0">2185</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2CD7FC0FFCBAD29E" box="[762,807,963,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2185.0">2185</number>
</specimenCode>
),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F169FFFA2FEDFCF6FD74D5F3:8EE4D09AF169FFFA2D18FC0FFC03D29E" box="[821,926,963,985]" country="Southafrica" latitude="-23.566668" longLatPrecision="1255" longitude="30.45" name="Little Leigh" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" stateProvince="SOUTHAFRICA">Little Leigh</location>
<location id="8EE4D09AF169FFFA2D18FC0FFC03D29E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F169FFFA2FEDFCF6FD74D5F3:8EE4D09AF169FFFA2D18FC0FFC03D29E" box="[821,926,963,985]" country="Southafrica" latitude="-23.566668" longLatPrecision="1255" longitude="30.45" name="Little Leigh" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" stateProvince="SOUTHAFRICA">Little Leigh</location>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[933,1004,963,985]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" precision="925" value="-23.566668">
<number box="[933,958,963,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="22.0">22</number>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FE086F169FFFA2D88FC0FFC71D29E" box="[933,1004,963,985]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" precision="925" value="-23.566668">
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2D88FC0FFC23D29E" box="[933,958,963,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="22.0">22</number>
°
<number box="[966,990,963,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="94.0">94</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2DEBFC0FFC43D29E" box="[966,990,963,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="94.0">94</number>
'S
</geoCoordinate>
:
<geoCoordinate box="[1007,1081,963,985]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" precision="925" value="30.45">
<number box="[1007,1032,963,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="29.0">29</number>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FE086F169FFFA2DC2FC0FFBA4D29E" box="[1007,1081,963,985]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" precision="925" value="30.45">
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2DC2FC0FFB95D29E" box="[1007,1032,963,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="29.0">29</number>
°
<number box="[1040,1063,963,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="87.0">87</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2A3DFC0FFBBAD29E" box="[1040,1063,963,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="87.0">87</number>
'E
</geoCoordinate>
, above the knee,
<taxonomicName box="[268,390,987,1009]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Kirkiaceae" genus="Kirkia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="wilmsi">
<emphasis box="[268,390,987,1009]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Kirkia wilmsi</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2F21FC17FE1BD2B6" box="[268,390,987,1009]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Kirkiaceae" genus="Kirkia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="wilmsi">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2F21FC17FE1BD2B6" box="[268,390,987,1009]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Kirkia wilmsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date box="[400,500,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2006-03-21">
<collectingDate box="[400,500,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2006-03-21">
<number box="[400,423,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="21.0">21</number>
<date id="FF85A081F169FFFA2FBDFC17FE69D2B6" box="[400,500,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2006-03-21">
<collectingDate id="EFC15969F169FFFA2FBDFC17FE69D2B6" box="[400,500,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2006-03-21">
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2FBDFC17FE3AD2B6" box="[400,423,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="21.0">21</number>
.iii.
<number box="[449,500,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2006.0">2006</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2FECFC17FE69D2B6" box="[449,500,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2006.0">2006</number>
</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[509,635,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">I. Sinthumule</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F169FFFA2FD0FC10FDE6D2B6" box="[509,635,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">I. Sinthumule</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744438" collectingDate="2005-11-23" collectionCode="NCA" collectorName="B. van der Waal" country="Southafrica" latitude="-23.55" location="Little Leigh" longLatPrecision="1255" longitude="30.483334" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" specimenCode="2009 / 2187" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Limpopo">
<specimenCount box="[643,671,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="female">
<number box="[643,653,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF169FFFA2CAEFC17FC9BD54E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744438" collectingDate="2005-11-23" collectionCode="NCA" collectorName="B. van der Waal" country="Southafrica" latitude="-23.55" location="Little Leigh" longLatPrecision="1255" longitude="30.483334" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" specimenCode="2009 / 2187" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Limpopo">
<specimenCount id="9D3D4DC8F169FFFA2CAEFC17FD02D2B6" box="[643,671,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="female">
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2CAEFC17FD10D2B6" box="[643,653,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[683,734,987,1009]" collectionName="NCA" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">NCA</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F169FFFA2C86FC17FD43D2B6" box="[683,734,987,1009]" collectionName="NCA" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">NCA</collectionCode>
,
<specimenCode box="[742,842,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<number box="[742,789,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2009.0">2009</number>
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF169FFFA2CCBFC17FCD7D2B6" box="[742,842,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2CCBFC17FC88D2B6" box="[742,789,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2009.0">2009</number>
/
<number box="[796,842,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2187.0">2187</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2D31FC17FCD7D2B6" box="[796,842,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2187.0">2187</number>
</specimenCode>
), same locality,
<geoCoordinate box="[986,1058,987,1009]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" precision="925" value="-23.55">
<number box="[986,1012,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="22.0">22</number>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FE086F169FFFA2DF7FC17FBBFD2B6" box="[986,1058,987,1009]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" precision="925" value="-23.55">
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2DF7FC17FC69D2B6" box="[986,1012,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="22.0">22</number>
°
<number box="[1020,1044,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="93.0">93</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2DD1FC17FB89D2B6" box="[1020,1044,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="93.0">93</number>
'S
</geoCoordinate>
:
<geoCoordinate box="[1061,1137,987,1009]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" precision="925" value="30.483334">
<number box="[1061,1087,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="29.0">29</number>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FE086F169FFFA2A08FC17FBECD2B6" box="[1061,1137,987,1009]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" precision="925" value="30.483334">
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2A08FC17FBA2D2B6" box="[1061,1087,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="29.0">29</number>
°
<number box="[1095,1119,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="89.0">89</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2A6AFC17FBC2D2B6" box="[1095,1119,987,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="89.0">89</number>
'E
</geoCoordinate>
, above the knee,
<taxonomicName box="[338,490,1011,1033]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Burkea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="africana">
<emphasis box="[338,490,1011,1033]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Burkea africana</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F169FFFA2F7FFC3FFE77D54E" box="[338,490,1011,1033]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Burkea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="africana">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F169FFFA2F7FFC3FFE77D54E" box="[338,490,1011,1033]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">Burkea africana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date box="[505,604,1011,1033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2005-11-23">
<collectingDate box="[505,604,1011,1033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2005-11-23">
<number box="[505,528,1011,1033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="23.0">23</number>
<date id="FF85A081F169FFFA2FD4FC3FFDC1D54E" box="[505,604,1011,1033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2005-11-23">
<collectingDate id="EFC15969F169FFFA2FD4FC3FFDC1D54E" box="[505,604,1011,1033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2005-11-23">
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2FD4FC3FFD8DD54E" box="[505,528,1011,1033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="23.0">23</number>
.xi.
<number box="[554,604,1011,1033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2005.0">2005</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2C07FC3FFDC1D54E" box="[554,604,1011,1033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2005.0">2005</number>
</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[617,774,1011,1033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">B. van der Waal</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F169FFFA2C44FC38FC9BD54E" box="[617,774,1011,1033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">B. van der Waal</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744423" collectingDate="2006-03-19" collectionCode="NCA" collectorName="S. Foord" country="Southafrica" latitude="-23.566668" location="Little Leigh" longLatPrecision="1255" longitude="30.433332" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" specimenCode="2009 / 2186" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Limpopo">
<specimenCount box="[786,815,1011,1033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="male">
<number box="[786,794,1011,1033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF169FFFA2D3FFC3FFCA1D566" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744423" collectingDate="2006-03-19" collectionCode="NCA" collectorName="S. Foord" country="Southafrica" latitude="-23.566668" location="Little Leigh" longLatPrecision="1255" longitude="30.433332" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" specimenCode="2009 / 2186" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Limpopo">
<specimenCount id="9D3D4DC8F169FFFA2D3FFC3FFCB2D54E" box="[786,815,1011,1033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="male">
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2D3FFC3FFC87D54E" box="[786,794,1011,1033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[830,881,1011,1033]" collectionName="NCA" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">NCA</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F169FFFA2D13FC3FFCECD54E" box="[830,881,1011,1033]" collectionName="NCA" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">NCA</collectionCode>
,
<specimenCode box="[893,994,1011,1033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<number box="[893,940,1011,1033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2009.0">2009</number>
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF169FFFA2D50FC3FFC7FD54E" box="[893,994,1011,1033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2D50FC3FFC31D54E" box="[893,940,1011,1033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2009.0">2009</number>
/
<number box="[947,994,1011,1033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2186.0">2186</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2D9EFC3FFC7FD54E" box="[947,994,1011,1033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2186.0">2186</number>
</specimenCode>
), same locality,
<geoCoordinate box="[181,254,1035,1057]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" precision="925" value="-23.566668">
<number box="[181,207,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="22.0">22</number>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FE086F169FFFA2E98FBC7FF63D566" box="[181,254,1035,1057]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" precision="925" value="-23.566668">
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2E98FBC7FF52D566" box="[181,207,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="22.0">22</number>
°
<number box="[215,240,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="94.0">94</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2EFAFBC7FF6DD566" box="[215,240,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="94.0">94</number>
'S
</geoCoordinate>
:
<geoCoordinate box="[257,333,1035,1057]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" precision="925" value="30.433332">
<number box="[257,283,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="29.0">29</number>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FE086F169FFFA2F2CFBC7FED0D566" box="[257,333,1035,1057]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" precision="925" value="30.433332">
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2F2CFBC7FE86D566" box="[257,283,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="29.0">29</number>
°
<number box="[291,315,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="86.0">86</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2F0EFBC7FEA6D566" box="[291,315,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="86.0">86</number>
'E
</geoCoordinate>
, above the knee, gallery forest,
<date box="[634,734,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2006-03-19">
<collectingDate box="[634,734,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2006-03-19">
<number box="[634,656,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="19.0">19</number>
<date id="FF85A081F169FFFA2C57FBC7FD43D566" box="[634,734,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2006-03-19">
<collectingDate id="EFC15969F169FFFA2C57FBC7FD43D566" box="[634,734,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2006-03-19">
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2C57FBC7FD0DD566" box="[634,656,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="19.0">19</number>
.iii.
<number box="[682,734,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2006.0">2006</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2C87FBC7FD43D566" box="[682,734,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2006.0">2006</number>
</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[745,828,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">S. Foord</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F169FFFA2CC4FBC7FCA1D566" box="[745,828,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">S. Foord</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744424" collectingDate="2005-11-22" collectionCode="NCA" collectorName="I. Sinthumule" country="Southafrica" latitude="-23.566668" location="Little Leigh" longLatPrecision="1255" longitude="30.433332" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" specimenCode="2009 / 2184" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Limpopo">
<specimenCount box="[839,868,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="male">
<number box="[839,848,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF169FFFA2D6AFBC7FDC9D57E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744424" collectingDate="2005-11-22" collectionCode="NCA" collectorName="I. Sinthumule" country="Southafrica" latitude="-23.566668" location="Little Leigh" longLatPrecision="1255" longitude="30.433332" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" specimenCode="2009 / 2184" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Limpopo">
<specimenCount id="9D3D4DC8F169FFFA2D6AFBC7FCF9D566" box="[839,868,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="male">
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2D6AFBC7FCCDD566" box="[839,848,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[882,933,1035,1057]" collectionName="NCA" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">NCA</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F169FFFA2D5FFBC7FC38D566" box="[882,933,1035,1057]" collectionName="NCA" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">NCA</collectionCode>
,
<specimenCode box="[944,1044,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<number box="[944,991,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2009.0">2009</number>
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF169FFFA2D9DFBC7FB89D566" box="[944,1044,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2D9DFBC7FC42D566" box="[944,991,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2009.0">2009</number>
/
<number box="[997,1044,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2184.0">2184</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2DC8FBC7FB89D566" box="[997,1044,1035,1057]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2184.0">2184</number>
</specimenCode>
), same locality and habitat,
<date box="[356,455,1059,1081]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2005-11-22">
<collectingDate box="[356,455,1059,1081]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2005-11-22">
<number box="[356,381,1059,1081]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="22.0">22</number>
<date id="FF85A081F169FFFA2F49FBEFFE5AD57E" box="[356,455,1059,1081]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2005-11-22">
<collectingDate id="EFC15969F169FFFA2F49FBEFFE5AD57E" box="[356,455,1059,1081]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2005-11-22">
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2F49FBEFFEE0D57E" box="[356,381,1059,1081]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="22.0">22</number>
.xi.
<number box="[406,455,1059,1081]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2005.0">2005</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2FBBFBEFFE5AD57E" box="[406,455,1059,1081]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2005.0">2005</number>
</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[467,596,1059,1081]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">I. Sinthumule</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F169FFFA2FFEFBE8FDC9D57E" box="[467,596,1059,1081]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">I. Sinthumule</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
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<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF169FFFA2C0BFBF7FCAFD52E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744441" collectingDate="1990-07-22" collectingMethod="by hand" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="M. Alderweireldt &amp; R. Jocque" country="Southafrica" latitude="-28.533333" location="St Lucia, Fanies Island" longLatPrecision="1232" longitude="32.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" specimenCode="171714" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">
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°
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'S
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°
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'E
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<collectingMethod id="527AFE56F169FFFA2F7AFB9FFE3CD52E" box="[343,417,1107,1129]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">by hand</collectingMethod>
,
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<date id="FF85A081F169FFFA2F87FB9FFD8ED52E" box="[426,531,1107,1129]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1990-07-22">
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<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2F87FB9FFE5ED52E" box="[426,451,1107,1129]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="22.0">22</number>
.vii.
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<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2FCEFB9FFD8ED52E" box="[483,531,1107,1129]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1990.0">1990</number>
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,
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<collectorName id="26CEE397F169FFFA2C30FB98FD24D52E" box="[541,697,1107,1129]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">M. Alderweireldt</collectorName>
&amp;
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<collectorName id="26CEE397F169FFFA2CFBFB98FCAFD52E" box="[726,818,1107,1129]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">R. Jocqué</collectorName>
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF169FFFA2E98FBB5FD74D5F3" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B848641F169FFFA2E98FBB5FD74D5F3" pageId="7" pageNumber="170">
Distribution: The species is known from South Africa northwards to Tanzania (Wanless
<number box="[181,241,1178,1204]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1985.0">1985</number>
<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2E98FB56FF6CD5F3" box="[181,241,1178,1204]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="1985.0">1985</number>
; Wesołowska &amp; Haddad
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<number id="3DF39466F169FFFA2C27FB56FDDBD5F3" box="[522,582,1178,1204]" pageId="7" pageNumber="170" value="2009.0">2009</number>
; present data).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

View file

@ -1,614 +1,614 @@
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<taxonomicName authority="Simon, 1900" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1900" box="[452,796,992,1019]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrimana">
<emphasis box="[452,645,992,1019]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">Cyrba nigrimana</emphasis>
<treatment id="03923757F16AFFFB2FE9FC2CFDC3D3CF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201365" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114923601" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6201365" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F16AFFFB2FE9FC2CFDC3D3CF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03923757F16AFFFB2FE9FC2CFDC3D3CF" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="169" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" scope_family="Salticidae" scope_order="Araneae">
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF16AFFF92FE9FC2CFC81D2BC" box="[452,796,992,1019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B848641F16AFFF92FE9FC2CFC81D2BC" box="[452,796,992,1019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<heading id="D0CC312DF16AFFF92FE9FC2CFC81D2BC" box="[452,796,992,1019]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F16AFFF92FE9FC2CFC81D2BC" ID-CoL="33JGK" authority="Simon, 1900" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1900" box="[452,796,992,1019]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrimana">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16AFFF92FE9FC2CFD18D2BC" box="[452,645,992,1019]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">Cyrba nigrimana</emphasis>
Simon,
<number box="[740,796,993,1019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1900.0">1900</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92CC9FC2DFC81D2BC" box="[740,796,993,1019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1900.0">1900</number>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[561,686,1032,1059]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" type="description">
<paragraph box="[561,686,1032,1059]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<figureCitation box="[561,686,1032,1059]" captionStart-0="Figs 14 16" captionStart-1="Figs 17 23" captionStartId-0="5.[181,221,1608,1629]" captionStartId-1="6.[142,181,1578,1600]" captionTargetBox-0="[195,1124,678,1584]" captionTargetBox-1="[160,1086,684,1552]" captionTargetId-0="figure@5.[191,1136,676,1590]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[151,1092,673,1560]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="Figs 14 16. Cyrba nigrimana Simon, 1900 from South Africa (♂ Port Elisabeth; ♀ Limpopo, Little Leigh), general appearance: (14, 15) male, ventral and dorsal views; (16) female, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." captionText-1="Figs 17 23. Cyrba nigrimana Simon, 1900 from South Africa (♂ Port Elisabeth; ♀ Ecca pass Nature Reserve): (17) male palp, ventral view; (18) ditto, dorsal view; (19) ditto, median view; (20) tibial apophyses, retrolateral view; (21) epigyne, ventral view; (22) spermathecae, dorsal view; (23) diagrammatic course of the insemination ducts. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF16AFFF92C1CFBC4FD33D564" box="[561,686,1032,1059]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B848641F16AFFF92C1CFBC4FD33D564" box="[561,686,1032,1059]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<figureCitation id="13009AC4F16AFFF92C1CFBC4FD33D564" box="[561,686,1032,1059]" captionStart-0="Figs 14 16" captionStart-1="Figs 17 23" captionStartId-0="5.[181,221,1608,1629]" captionStartId-1="6.[142,181,1578,1600]" captionTargetBox-0="[195,1124,678,1584]" captionTargetBox-1="[160,1086,684,1552]" captionTargetId-0="figure@5.[191,1136,676,1590]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[151,1092,673,1560]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="Figs 14 16. Cyrba nigrimana Simon, 1900 from South Africa (♂ Port Elisabeth; ♀ Limpopo, Little Leigh), general appearance: (14, 15) male, ventral and dorsal views; (16) female, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." captionText-1="Figs 17 23. Cyrba nigrimana Simon, 1900 from South Africa (♂ Port Elisabeth; ♀ Ecca pass Nature Reserve): (17) male palp, ventral view; (18) ditto, dorsal view; (19) ditto, median view; (20) tibial apophyses, retrolateral view; (21) epigyne, ventral view; (22) spermathecae, dorsal view; (23) diagrammatic course of the insemination ducts. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
Figs
<number box="[616,686,1033,1059]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="18.5" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="14.0">1423</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92C45FBC5FD33D564" box="[616,686,1033,1059]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="18.5" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="14.0">1423</number>
</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="167" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<taxonomicName authority="Simon 1900: 389" authorityName="Simon" authorityPageNumber="389" authorityYear="1900" box="[144,484,1070,1092]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrimana">
<emphasis box="[144,304,1070,1092]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">Cyrba nigrimana</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF16AFFF92EBDFBE2FE06D51B" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B848641F16AFFF92EBDFBE2FE06D51B" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F16AFFF92EBDFBE2FE79D503" authority="Simon 1900: 389" authorityName="Simon" authorityPageNumber="389" authorityYear="1900" box="[144,484,1070,1092]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrimana">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16AFFF92EBDFBE2FEADD503" box="[144,304,1070,1092]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">Cyrba nigrimana</emphasis>
: Simon
<number box="[387,436,1070,1092]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1900.0">1900</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92FAEFBE2FE29D503" box="[387,436,1070,1092]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1900.0">1900</number>
:
<number box="[447,484,1070,1092]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="389.0">389</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92F92FBE2FE79D503" box="[447,484,1070,1092]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="389.0">389</number>
</taxonomicName>
; Wanless
<number box="[579,625,1070,1092]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1984.0">1984</number>
<emphasis box="[625,636,1070,1092]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">b</emphasis>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92C6EFBE2FDECD503" box="[579,625,1070,1092]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1984.0">1984</number>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16AFFF92C5CFBE2FDE1D503" box="[625,636,1070,1092]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">b</emphasis>
:
<number box="[651,687,1070,1092]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="465.0">465</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92CA6FBE2FD32D503" box="[651,687,1070,1092]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="465.0">465</number>
, figs
<number box="[741,763,1070,1092]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="12.0">12</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92CC8FBE2FD66D503" box="[741,763,1070,1092]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="12.0">12</number>
AG; Wesołowska &amp; Haddad
<number box="[1052,1101,1070,1092]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2009.0">2009</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92A31FBE2FBD0D503" box="[1052,1101,1070,1092]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2009.0">2009</number>
:
<number box="[240,298,1094,1116]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="27.5" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="27.0">2728</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92EDDFB8AFEB7D51B" box="[240,298,1094,1116]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="27.5" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="27.0">2728</number>
, figs
<number box="[346,407,1094,1116]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="27.0" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="26.0">2628</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92F77FB8AFE0AD51B" box="[346,407,1094,1116]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="27.0" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="26.0">2628</number>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="168" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" type="description">
<paragraph box="[144,283,1133,1160]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">Description:</paragraph>
<paragraph box="[144,415,1176,1203]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<emphasis box="[144,201,1176,1203]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">Male</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF16AFFF82EBDFBA1FCF0D068" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="168" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B848641F16AFFF92EBDFBA1FE86D5CF" box="[144,283,1133,1160]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">Description:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B848641F16AFFF92EBDFB54FE02D5F4" box="[144,415,1176,1203]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16AFFF92EBDFB54FF54D5F4" box="[144,201,1176,1203]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">Male</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode box="[216,300,1176,1203]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">MRAC</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F16AFFF92EF5FB54FEB1D5F4" box="[216,300,1176,1203]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">MRAC</collectionCode>
,
<number box="[314,402,1176,1203]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="169807.0">169807</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92F17FB54FE0FD5F4" box="[314,402,1176,1203]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="169807.0">169807</number>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<emphasis box="[144,306,1217,1243]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">Measurements</emphasis>
<paragraph id="8B848641F16AFFF92EBDFB0DFCC0D41C" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16AFFF92EBDFB0DFEAFD59C" box="[144,306,1217,1243]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">Measurements</emphasis>
: Carapace: length
<number box="[524,576,1217,1243]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.05">2.05</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92C21FB0DFDDDD59C" box="[524,576,1217,1243]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.05">2.05</number>
, width
<number box="[663,715,1217,1243]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.45">1.45</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92CBAFB0DFD56D59C" box="[663,715,1217,1243]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.45">1.45</number>
, height at PLE
<number box="[898,950,1217,1243]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.1">1.10</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92DAFFB0DFC2BD59C" box="[898,950,1217,1243]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.1">1.10</number>
. Ocular area: length
<number box="[224,276,1249,1275]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.9">0.90</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92ECDFB2DFE89D5BC" box="[224,276,1249,1275]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.9">0.90</number>
, width anteriorly
<number box="[486,537,1249,1275]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.35">1.35</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92FCBFB2DFD84D5BC" box="[486,537,1249,1275]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.35">1.35</number>
, width posteriorly
<number box="[760,813,1249,1275]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.25">1.25</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92CD5FB2DFCB0D5BC" box="[760,813,1249,1275]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.25">1.25</number>
. Diameter of
<collectionCode box="[974,1037,1249,1275]" collectionName="USA, Florida, Gainesville, University of Florida, Florida Museum of Natural History, Allyn Museum" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">AME</collectionCode>
<number box="[1047,1100,1249,1275]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.42">0.42</number>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F16AFFF92DE3FB2DFB90D5BC" box="[974,1037,1249,1275]" collectionName="USA, Florida, Gainesville, University of Florida, Florida Museum of Natural History, Allyn Museum" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">AME</collectionCode>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92A3AFB2DFBD1D5BC" box="[1047,1100,1249,1275]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.42">0.42</number>
. Abdomen: length
<number box="[357,410,1281,1307]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.45">2.45</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92F48FACDFE07D45C" box="[357,410,1281,1307]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.45">2.45</number>
, width
<number box="[501,555,1281,1307]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.25">1.25</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92FD8FACDFDB6D45C" box="[501,555,1281,1307]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.25">1.25</number>
. Clypeal height:
<number box="[759,813,1281,1307]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.15">0.15</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92CDAFACDFCB0D45C" box="[759,813,1281,1307]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.15">0.15</number>
. Cheliceral length:
<number box="[1046,1100,1281,1307]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.65">0.65</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92A3BFACDFBD1D45C" box="[1046,1100,1281,1307]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.65">0.65</number>
. Length of leg segments: I
<number box="[438,486,1313,1339]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.3">1.30</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92F9BFAEDFE7BD47C" box="[438,486,1313,1339]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.3">1.30</number>
+
<number box="[502,552,1313,1339]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.75">0.75</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92FDBFAEDFDB5D47C" box="[502,552,1313,1339]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.75">0.75</number>
+
<number box="[567,618,1313,1339]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.9">0.90</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92C1AFAEDFDF7D47C" box="[567,618,1313,1339]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.9">0.90</number>
+
<number box="[633,684,1313,1339]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.9">0.90</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92C54FAEDFD31D47C" box="[633,684,1313,1339]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.9">0.90</number>
+
<number box="[700,750,1313,1339]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.5">0.50</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92C91FAEDFD73D47C" box="[700,750,1313,1339]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.5">0.50</number>
; II
<number box="[788,835,1313,1339]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.3">1.30</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92D39FAEDFCDED47C" box="[788,835,1313,1339]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.3">1.30</number>
+
<number box="[851,901,1313,1339]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.7">0.70</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92D7EFAEDFC18D47C" box="[851,901,1313,1339]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.7">0.70</number>
+
<number box="[917,967,1313,1339]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.9">0.90</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92DB8FAEDFC5AD47C" box="[917,967,1313,1339]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.9">0.90</number>
+
<number box="[983,1033,1313,1339]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.8">0.80</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92DFAFAEDFB94D47C" box="[983,1033,1313,1339]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.8">0.80</number>
+
<number box="[1049,1099,1313,1339]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.5">0.50</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92A34FAEDFBD6D47C" box="[1049,1099,1313,1339]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.5">0.50</number>
; III; 1.00+
<number box="[250,301,1345,1371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.5">0.50</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92ED7FA8DFEB0D41C" box="[250,301,1345,1371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.5">0.50</number>
+
<number box="[317,366,1345,1371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.85">0.85</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92F10FA8DFEF3D41C" box="[317,366,1345,1371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.85">0.85</number>
+
<number box="[382,433,1345,1371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.9">0.90</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92F53FA8DFE2CD41C" box="[382,433,1345,1371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.9">0.90</number>
+
<number box="[448,498,1345,1371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.45">0.45</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92FEDFA8DFE6FD41C" box="[448,498,1345,1371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.45">0.45</number>
; IV
<number box="[545,594,1345,1371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.5">1.50</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92C0CFA8DFDCFD41C" box="[545,594,1345,1371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.5">1.50</number>
+
<number box="[610,661,1345,1371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.65">0.65</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92C4FFA8DFD08D41C" box="[610,661,1345,1371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.65">0.65</number>
+
<number box="[677,725,1345,1371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.15">1.15</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92C88FA8DFD48D41C" box="[677,725,1345,1371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.15">1.15</number>
+
<number box="[741,790,1345,1371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.4">1.40</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92CC8FA8DFC8BD41C" box="[741,790,1345,1371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.4">1.40</number>
+
<number box="[806,857,1345,1371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.6">0.60</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92D0BFA8DFCC4D41C" box="[806,857,1345,1371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="0.6">0.60</number>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<emphasis box="[144,297,1385,1411]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">Leg spination</emphasis>
<paragraph id="8B848641F16AFFF92EBDFAA5FCBED744" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16AFFF92EBDFAA5FEB4D4C4" box="[144,297,1385,1411]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">Leg spination</emphasis>
: I Fm d
<number box="[395,406,1385,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92FA6FAA5FE0BD4C4" box="[395,406,1385,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
-
<number box="[417,458,1385,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">1-4</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92F8CFAA5FE57D4C4" box="[417,458,1385,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">1-4</number>
; Pt pr and rt
<number box="[605,619,1385,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92C70FAA5FDF6D4C4" box="[605,619,1385,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
, Tb pr and rt
<number box="[775,787,1385,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92D2AFAA5FC8ED4C4" box="[775,787,1385,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
-
<date box="[799,833,1385,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<number box="[799,812,1385,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<date id="FF85A081F16AFFF92D32FAA5FCDCD4C4" box="[799,833,1385,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92D32FAA5FCB1D4C4" box="[799,812,1385,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
v
</date>
<number box="[841,855,1385,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92D64FAA5FCCAD4C4" box="[841,855,1385,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
-
<number box="[863,878,1385,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92D72FAA5FCF3D4C4" box="[863,878,1385,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
-
<number box="[886,901,1385,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92D5BFAA5FC18D4C4" box="[886,901,1385,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
ap, Mt pr &amp; rt
<number box="[1066,1079,1385,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92A07FAA5FBAAD4C4" box="[1066,1079,1385,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
-
<date pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<number box="[1091,1104,1385,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<date id="FF85A081F16AFFF92A6EFAA5FF03D4E4" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92A6EFAA5FBCDD4C4" box="[1091,1104,1385,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
v
</date>
<number box="[166,180,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92E8BFA45FF29D4E4" box="[166,180,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
-
<number box="[189,203,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92E90FA45FF56D4E4" box="[189,203,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
ap; II Fm d
<number box="[340,351,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92F79FA45FEC2D4E4" box="[340,351,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
-
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<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92F47FA45FE0ED4E4" box="[362,403,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">1-4</number>
, Pt pr and rt
<number box="[554,568,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92C07FA45FDA5D4E4" box="[554,568,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
, Tb pr and rt
<number box="[728,740,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92CF5FA45FD79D4E4" box="[728,740,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
-
<date box="[752,787,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<number box="[752,765,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<date id="FF85A081F16AFFF92CDDFA45FC8ED4E4" box="[752,787,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92CDDFA45FD60D4E4" box="[752,765,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
v
</date>
<number box="[795,810,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92D36FA45FCB7D4E4" box="[795,810,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
-
<number box="[818,833,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92D1FFA45FCDCD4E4" box="[818,833,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
-
<number box="[841,856,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92D64FA45FCC5D4E4" box="[841,856,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
ap, Mt pr and rt
<number box="[1044,1057,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92A39FA45FBBCD4E4" box="[1044,1057,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
-
<date box="[1069,1104,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<number box="[1069,1081,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<date id="FF85A081F16AFFF92A00FA45FBCDD4E4" box="[1069,1104,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92A00FA45FBA4D4E4" box="[1069,1081,1417,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
v
</date>
<number box="[144,158,1449,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92EBDFA65FF03D484" box="[144,158,1449,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
-
<number box="[167,181,1449,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92E8AFA65FF28D484" box="[167,181,1449,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
ap; III Fm d
<number box="[322,334,1449,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92F6FFA65FED3D484" box="[322,334,1449,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
-
<number box="[345,384,1449,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1-5</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92F74FA65FE1DD484" box="[345,384,1449,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1-5</number>
, Pt pr and rt
<number box="[529,543,1449,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92C3CFA65FD82D484" box="[529,543,1449,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
, Tb d
<number box="[616,626,1449,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92C45FA65FDEFD484" box="[616,626,1449,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
-0-0 pr and rt
<number box="[785,798,1449,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92D3CFA65FC83D484" box="[785,798,1449,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
-
<date box="[810,844,1449,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<number box="[810,823,1449,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<date id="FF85A081F16AFFF92D07FA65FCD1D484" box="[810,844,1449,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92D07FA65FCAAD484" box="[810,823,1449,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
v
</date>
<number box="[851,884,1449,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92D7EFA65FCE9D484" box="[851,884,1449,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2</number>
-
<number box="[893,909,1449,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92D50FA65FC10D484" box="[893,909,1449,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
ap, Mt d
<number box="[1013,1022,1449,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92DD8FA65FC63D484" box="[1013,1022,1449,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
-0-0 pr and rt
<number box="[214,224,1481,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92EFBFA05FF7DD4A4" box="[214,224,1481,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
-
<number box="[234,269,1481,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92EC7FA05FE90D4A4" box="[234,269,1481,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2</number>
ap
<date box="[308,344,1481,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<date id="FF85A081F16AFFF92F19FA05FEC5D4A4" box="[308,344,1481,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
v
<number box="[329,344,1481,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92F64FA05FEC5D4A4" box="[329,344,1481,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
</date>
-
<number box="[352,390,1481,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.0">0-2</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92F4DFA05FE1BD4A4" box="[352,390,1481,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.0">0-2</number>
ap; IV Fm d
<number box="[531,542,1481,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92C3EFA05FD83D4A4" box="[531,542,1481,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
-
<number box="[553,591,1481,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1-5</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92C04FA05FDD2D4A4" box="[553,591,1481,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1-5</number>
or
<number box="[628,640,1481,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92C59FA05FD1DD4A4" box="[628,640,1481,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
-
<number box="[651,662,1481,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92CA6FA05FD0BD4A4" box="[651,662,1481,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
-
<number box="[673,713,1481,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1-5</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92C8CFA05FD54D4A4" box="[673,713,1481,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1-5</number>
, Pt pr and rt
<number box="[857,870,1481,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92D74FA05FCFBD4A4" box="[857,870,1481,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
, Tb d
<number box="[942,952,1481,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92D83FA05FC25D4A4" box="[942,952,1481,1507]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
-0-0 pr and rt
<number box="[144,156,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92EBDFA25FF01D744" box="[144,156,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
-
<date box="[168,202,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<number box="[168,181,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<date id="FF85A081F16AFFF92E85FA25FF57D744" box="[168,202,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92E85FA25FF28D744" box="[168,181,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
v
</date>
<number box="[209,243,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92EFCFA25FF6ED744" box="[209,243,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2</number>
-
<number box="[251,267,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92ED6FA25FE96D744" box="[251,267,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
ap, Mt d
<number box="[371,380,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92F5EFA25FEE1D744" box="[371,380,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
-0-0 pr
<number box="[469,502,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92FF8FA25FE6BD744" box="[469,502,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2</number>
-
<number box="[510,525,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92FD3FA25FD90D744" box="[510,525,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="2.0">2</number>
ap rt
<number box="[587,597,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92C66FA25FDC8D744" box="[587,597,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
-
<number box="[606,642,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92C73FA25FD1FD744" box="[606,642,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2</number>
ap,
<date box="[688,718,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<date id="FF85A081F16AFFF92C9DFA25FD53D744" box="[688,718,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
v
<number box="[709,718,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92CE8FA25FD53D744" box="[709,718,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0">1</number>
</date>
-
<number box="[727,768,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.0">0-2</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16AFFF92CFAFA25FC9DD744" box="[727,768,1513,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="167" value="1.0" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.0">0-2</number>
ap.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="168" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<emphasis box="[144,281,1552,1579]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">Colouration</emphasis>
<paragraph id="8B848641F16AFFF82EBDF9DCFC48D04F" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="168" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16AFFF92EBDF9DCFE84D76C" box="[144,281,1552,1579]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="167">Colouration</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[298,433,1552,1579]" captionStart="Figs 14 16" captionStartId="5.[181,221,1608,1629]" captionTargetBox="[195,1124,678,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[191,1136,676,1590]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 14 16. Cyrba nigrimana Simon, 1900 from South Africa (♂ Port Elisabeth; ♀ Limpopo, Little Leigh), general appearance: (14, 15) male, ventral and dorsal views; (16) female, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="4" pageNumber="167">Figs 14, 15</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13009AC4F16AFFF92F07F9DCFE2CD76C" box="[298,433,1552,1579]" captionStart="Figs 14 16" captionStartId="5.[181,221,1608,1629]" captionTargetBox="[195,1124,678,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[191,1136,676,1590]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 14 16. Cyrba nigrimana Simon, 1900 from South Africa (♂ Port Elisabeth; ♀ Limpopo, Little Leigh), general appearance: (14, 15) male, ventral and dorsal views; (16) female, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="4" pageNumber="167">Figs 14, 15</figureCitation>
): Carapace yellow-brown, with brown eye field and black around eyes, covered with white scales and brown hairs. Sternum yellow-brown. Clypeus and cheeks yellow, densely covered with white hairs. Chelicerae brown-yellow. Abdomen: dorsum brown, but medially yellow; sides and venter grey-brown. Booklungs yellow. Spinnerets brown. All legs yellow, but tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi brown. Palpus yellow, with brown cymbium. Palpal structure as in
<figureCitation box="[848,977,237,264]" captionStart="Figs 17 23" captionStartId="6.[142,181,1578,1600]" captionTargetBox="[160,1086,684,1552]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1092,673,1560]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 17 23. Cyrba nigrimana Simon, 1900 from South Africa (♂ Port Elisabeth; ♀ Ecca pass Nature Reserve): (17) male palp, ventral view; (18) ditto, dorsal view; (19) ditto, median view; (20) tibial apophyses, retrolateral view; (21) epigyne, ventral view; (22) spermathecae, dorsal view; (23) diagrammatic course of the insemination ducts. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." pageId="5" pageNumber="168">
<figureCitation id="13009AC4F16BFFF82D7DFF21FC4CD04F" box="[848,977,237,264]" captionStart="Figs 17 23" captionStartId="6.[142,181,1578,1600]" captionTargetBox="[160,1086,684,1552]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1092,673,1560]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 17 23. Cyrba nigrimana Simon, 1900 from South Africa (♂ Port Elisabeth; ♀ Ecca pass Nature Reserve): (17) male palp, ventral view; (18) ditto, dorsal view; (19) ditto, median view; (20) tibial apophyses, retrolateral view; (21) epigyne, ventral view; (22) spermathecae, dorsal view; (23) diagrammatic course of the insemination ducts. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." pageId="5" pageNumber="168">
Figs
<number box="[903,977,238,264]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="18.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="17.0">1720</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16BFFF82DAAFF22FC4CD04F" box="[903,977,238,264]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="18.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="17.0">1720</number>
</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph box="[181,877,276,303]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis box="[181,265,276,303]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">Female</emphasis>
<paragraph id="8B848641F16BFFF82E98FED8FCF0D068" box="[181,877,276,303]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16BFFF82E98FED8FE94D068" box="[181,265,276,303]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">Female</emphasis>
. For description see Wanless (
<number box="[607,664,276,303]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="1984.0">1984</number>
<emphasis box="[664,678,276,303]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">b</emphasis>
<number id="3DF39466F16BFFF82C72FED8FD05D068" box="[607,664,276,303]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="1984.0">1984</number>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16BFFF82CB5FED8FD3BD068" box="[664,678,276,303]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">b</emphasis>
;
<figureCitation box="[693,778,276,303]" captionStart="Figs 14 16" captionStartId="5.[181,221,1608,1629]" captionTargetBox="[195,1124,678,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[191,1136,676,1590]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 14 16. Cyrba nigrimana Simon, 1900 from South Africa (♂ Port Elisabeth; ♀ Limpopo, Little Leigh), general appearance: (14, 15) male, ventral and dorsal views; (16) female, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="5" pageNumber="168">Figs 16</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13009AC4F16BFFF82C98FED8FC97D068" box="[693,778,276,303]" captionStart="Figs 14 16" captionStartId="5.[181,221,1608,1629]" captionTargetBox="[195,1124,678,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[191,1136,676,1590]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 14 16. Cyrba nigrimana Simon, 1900 from South Africa (♂ Port Elisabeth; ♀ Limpopo, Little Leigh), general appearance: (14, 15) male, ventral and dorsal views; (16) female, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="5" pageNumber="168">Figs 16</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[790,864,276,303]" captionStart="Figs 17 23" captionStartId="6.[142,181,1578,1600]" captionTargetBox="[160,1086,684,1552]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1092,673,1560]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 17 23. Cyrba nigrimana Simon, 1900 from South Africa (♂ Port Elisabeth; ♀ Ecca pass Nature Reserve): (17) male palp, ventral view; (18) ditto, dorsal view; (19) ditto, median view; (20) tibial apophyses, retrolateral view; (21) epigyne, ventral view; (22) spermathecae, dorsal view; (23) diagrammatic course of the insemination ducts. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." pageId="5" pageNumber="168">
<figureCitation id="13009AC4F16BFFF82D3BFED8FCFDD068" box="[790,864,276,303]" captionStart="Figs 17 23" captionStartId="6.[142,181,1578,1600]" captionTargetBox="[160,1086,684,1552]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1092,673,1560]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 17 23. Cyrba nigrimana Simon, 1900 from South Africa (♂ Port Elisabeth; ♀ Ecca pass Nature Reserve): (17) male palp, ventral view; (18) ditto, dorsal view; (19) ditto, median view; (20) tibial apophyses, retrolateral view; (21) epigyne, ventral view; (22) spermathecae, dorsal view; (23) diagrammatic course of the insemination ducts. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." pageId="5" pageNumber="168">
21
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).
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="168" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="168">
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<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF16BFFF82E98FEFAFC51D083" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B848641F16BFFF82E98FEFAFC51D083" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">
<collectingRegion id="49FF48A3F16BFFF82E98FEFAFEC3D00B" box="[181,350,310,332]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">Material examined</collectingRegion>
:
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744421" collectingMethod="pitfall (10 days)" collectionCode="NCA" country="South Africa" latitude="-23.55" location="Little Leigh" longLatPrecision="1255" longitude="30.416666" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" specimenCode="2009 / 2172" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="SOUTHAFRICA">
<collectingRegion box="[356,515,310,332]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">SOUTHAFRICA</collectingRegion>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF16BFFF82F49FEFAFC8DD023" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744421" collectingMethod="pitfall (10 days)" collectionCode="NCA" country="South Africa" latitude="-23.55" location="Little Leigh" longLatPrecision="1255" longitude="30.416666" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" specimenCode="2009 / 2172" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="SOUTHAFRICA">
<collectingRegion id="49FF48A3F16BFFF82F49FEFAFD9ED00B" box="[356,515,310,332]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">SOUTHAFRICA</collectingRegion>
:
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<collectingRegion box="[525,604,311,332]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">Limpopo</collectingRegion>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16BFFF82C20FEFBFDC1D00B" box="[525,604,311,332]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">
<collectingRegion id="49FF48A3F16BFFF82C20FEFBFDC1D00B" box="[525,604,311,332]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">Limpopo</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
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(
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,
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<number id="3DF39466F16BFFF82CE8FEFAFD6ED00B" box="[709,755,310,332]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="2009.0">2009</number>
/
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<number id="3DF39466F16BFFF82CD7FEFAFCBAD00B" box="[762,807,310,332]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="2172.0">2172</number>
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),
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<location id="8EE4D09AF16BFFF82D18FEFAFC03D00B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F16AFFFB2FE9FC2CFDC3D3CF:8EE4D09AF16BFFF82D18FEFAFC03D00B" box="[821,926,310,332]" country="South Africa" latitude="-23.55" longLatPrecision="1255" longitude="30.416666" name="Little Leigh" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" stateProvince="SOUTHAFRICA">Little Leigh</location>
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°
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,
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pitfall (
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<number id="3DF39466F16BFFF82E90FE82FF4ED023" box="[189,211,334,356]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="10.0">10</number>
days)
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,
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<emphasis box="[281,513,334,356]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">Pterocarpus rotundifolius</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16BFFF82F34FE83FD9CD023" box="[281,513,334,356]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">Pterocarpus rotundifolius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, collector and date unknown
</materialsCitation>
;
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<number id="3DF39466F16BFFF82D31FE82FCB8D023" box="[796,805,334,356]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="1.0">1</number>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F16BFFF82D6BFE82FCE5D023" box="[838,888,334,356]" collectionName="NCA" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">NCA</collectionCode>
,
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<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF16BFFF82DA9FE82FC7AD023" box="[900,999,334,356]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">
<number id="3DF39466F16BFFF82DA9FE82FC2ED023" box="[900,947,334,356]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="2009.0">2009</number>
/
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<number id="3DF39466F16BFFF82D94FE82FC7AD023" box="[953,999,334,356]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="2171.0">2171</number>
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), same locality,
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°
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'S
</geoCoordinate>
:
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°
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'E
</geoCoordinate>
, bk,
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<emphasis box="[378,610,358,380]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">Pterocarpus rotundifolius</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F16BFFF82F57FEABFDFFD03B" box="[378,610,358,380]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Pterocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="species" species="rotundifolius">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16BFFF82F57FEABFDFFD03B" box="[378,610,358,380]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">Pterocarpus rotundifolius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
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<number id="3DF39466F16BFFF82C42FEAAFD34D03B" box="[623,681,358,380]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="38798.0">38798</number>
, [no date],
<collectorName box="[786,879,358,380]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">V. Gelebe</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F16BFFF82D3FFEABFCF2D03B" box="[786,879,358,380]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">V. Gelebe</collectorName>
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.
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744435" collectingDate="1989-01-16" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="R. Jocque" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.3" location="Ecca Pass Nature Reserve, ca 13 km N of Grahamstown, direction Fort Beaufort" longLatPrecision="1205" longitude="26.533333" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" specimenCode="169636" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
<collectingRegion box="[889,1013,358,380]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis box="[889,1013,358,380]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">Eastern Cape</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF16BFFF82D54FEABFEEDD0EB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744435" collectingDate="1989-01-16" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="R. Jocque" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.3" location="Ecca Pass Nature Reserve, ca 13 km N of Grahamstown, direction Fort Beaufort" longLatPrecision="1205" longitude="26.533333" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" specimenCode="169636" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
<collectingRegion id="49FF48A3F16BFFF82D54FEABFC68D03B" box="[889,1013,358,380]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16BFFF82D54FEABFC68D03B" box="[889,1013,358,380]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">Eastern Cape</emphasis>
</collectingRegion>
:
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<number id="3DF39466F16BFFF82A2EFEAAFB91D03B" box="[1027,1036,358,380]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="1.0">1</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[1068,1138,358,380]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">MRAC</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F16BFFF82A01FEAAFBEFD03B" box="[1068,1138,358,380]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">MRAC</collectionCode>
,
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<specimenCode box="[181,252,382,404]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">169636</specimenCode>
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),
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<location id="8EE4D09AF16BFFF82F27FEB3FC49D0D3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F16AFFFB2FE9FC2CFDC3D3CF:8EE4D09AF16BFFF82F27FEB3FC49D0D3" box="[266,980,382,404]" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.3" longLatPrecision="1205" longitude="26.533333" name="Ecca Pass Nature Reserve, ca 13 km N of Grahamstown, direction Fort Beaufort" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
Ecca Pass Nature Reserve,
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<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16BFFF82FD6FEB3FD8DD0D3" box="[507,528,383,404]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">ca</emphasis>
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N of Grahamstown, direction Fort Beaufort
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,
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°
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'S
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:
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°
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'E
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,
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.i.
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<number id="3DF39466F16BFFF82EF4FE5AFE91D0EB" box="[217,268,406,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="1989.0">1989</number>
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,
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;
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<number box="[377,387,406,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="1.0">1</number>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF16BFFF82F54FE5AFC66D0EB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744433" box="[377,1019,406,428]" collectingDate="1989-01-16" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="R. Jocque" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.3" location="Ecca Pass Nature Reserve, ca 13 km N of Grahamstown, direction Fort Beaufort" longLatPrecision="1205" longitude="26.533333" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" specimenCode="169721" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
<specimenCount id="9D3D4DC8F16BFFF82F54FE5AFE08D0EB" box="[377,405,406,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" type="female">
<number id="3DF39466F16BFFF82F54FE5AFE1ED0EB" box="[377,387,406,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="1.0">1</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[417,486,406,428]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">MRAC</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F16BFFF82F8CFE5AFE7BD0EB" box="[417,486,406,428]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">MRAC</collectionCode>
,
<number box="[495,565,406,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="169721.0">
<specimenCode box="[495,565,406,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">169721</specimenCode>
<number id="3DF39466F16BFFF82FC2FE5AFDA8D0EB" box="[495,565,406,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="169721.0">
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF16BFFF82FC2FE5AFDA8D0EB" box="[495,565,406,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">169721</specimenCode>
</number>
), same locality, under stones,
<date box="[833,919,406,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="1989-01-16">
<collectingDate box="[833,919,406,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="1989-01-16">
<number box="[833,856,406,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="16.0">16</number>
<date id="FF85A081F16BFFF82D6CFE5AFC0AD0EB" box="[833,919,406,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="1989-01-16">
<collectingDate id="EFC15969F16BFFF82D6CFE5AFC0AD0EB" box="[833,919,406,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="1989-01-16">
<number id="3DF39466F16BFFF82D6CFE5AFCC5D0EB" box="[833,856,406,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="16.0">16</number>
.i.
<number box="[868,919,406,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="1989.0">1989</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16BFFF82D49FE5AFC0AD0EB" box="[868,919,406,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="1989.0">1989</number>
</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[928,1019,406,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">R. Jocqué</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F16BFFF82D8DFE5BFC66D0EB" box="[928,1019,406,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">R. Jocqué</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744437" collectingDate="1989-01-17" collectingMethod="sieved litter of dune scrub" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="R. Jocque" country="South Africa" location="ca 30 km E of Port Elisabeth" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" specimenCode="169807" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
<specimenCount box="[1028,1057,406,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" type="male">
<number box="[1028,1040,406,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="2.0">2</number>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF16BFFF82A29FE5AFC55D083" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744437" collectingDate="1989-01-17" collectingMethod="sieved litter of dune scrub" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="R. Jocque" country="South Africa" location="ca 30 km E of Port Elisabeth" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" specimenCode="169807" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
<specimenCount id="9D3D4DC8F16BFFF82A29FE5AFBBCD0EB" box="[1028,1057,406,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" type="male">
<number id="3DF39466F16BFFF82A29FE5AFB8DD0EB" box="[1028,1040,406,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="2.0">2</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[1068,1138,406,428]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">MRAC</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F16BFFF82A01FE5AFBEFD0EB" box="[1068,1138,406,428]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">MRAC</collectionCode>
,
<number box="[181,252,430,452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="169807.0">
<specimenCode box="[181,252,430,452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">169807</specimenCode>
<number id="3DF39466F16BFFF82E98FE62FF61D083" box="[181,252,430,452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="169807.0">
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF16BFFF82E98FE62FF61D083" box="[181,252,430,452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">169807</specimenCode>
</number>
),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F16AFFFB2FE9FC2CFDC3D3CF:8EE4D09AF16BFFF82F26FE63FD8DD083" box="[267,528,430,452]" country="South Africa" name="ca 30 km E of Port Elisabeth" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
<emphasis box="[267,288,431,452]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">ca</emphasis>
<quantity box="[294,351,430,452]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
<location id="8EE4D09AF16BFFF82F26FE63FD8DD083" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F16AFFFB2FE9FC2CFDC3D3CF:8EE4D09AF16BFFF82F26FE63FD8DD083" box="[267,528,430,452]" country="South Africa" name="ca 30 km E of Port Elisabeth" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16BFFF82F26FE63FEBDD083" box="[267,288,431,452]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">ca</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CC32BA4F16BFFF82F0BFE62FEC2D083" box="[294,351,430,452]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
E of Port Elisabeth
</location>
,
<collectingMethod box="[537,772,430,452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">sieved litter of dune scrub</collectingMethod>
<collectingMethod id="527AFE56F16BFFF82C34FE62FC99D083" box="[537,772,430,452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">sieved litter of dune scrub</collectingMethod>
,
<date box="[781,867,430,452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="1989-01-17">
<collectingDate box="[781,867,430,452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="1989-01-17">
<number box="[781,804,430,452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="17.0">17</number>
<date id="FF85A081F16BFFF82D20FE62FCFED083" box="[781,867,430,452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="1989-01-17">
<collectingDate id="EFC15969F16BFFF82D20FE62FCFED083" box="[781,867,430,452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="1989-01-17">
<number id="3DF39466F16BFFF82D20FE62FCB9D083" box="[781,804,430,452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="17.0">17</number>
.i.
<number box="[816,867,430,452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="1989.0">1989</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16BFFF82D1DFE62FCFED083" box="[816,867,430,452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="1989.0">1989</number>
</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[876,968,430,452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">R. Jocqué</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F16BFFF82D41FE63FC55D083" box="[876,968,430,452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">R. Jocqué</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="169" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" type="discussion">
<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="169" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF16BFFFB2E98FE1EFDC3D3CF" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="169" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B848641F16BFFFB2E98FE1EFF60D04F" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="169" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">
Comments: Until now, this species has been reported as being known from the female only and from a few localities in South Africa (Wanless
<number box="[872,930,498,524]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="1984.0">1984</number>
<emphasis box="[930,944,497,524]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">b</emphasis>
<number id="3DF39466F16BFFF82D45FE3EFC3FD34B" box="[872,930,498,524]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="1984.0">1984</number>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16BFFF82D8FFE3DFC2DD34B" box="[930,944,497,524]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">b</emphasis>
; Wesołowska &amp; Haddad
<number box="[278,340,529,556]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="2009.0">2009</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16BFFF82F3BFDDDFEC9D36B" box="[278,340,529,556]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="2009.0">2009</number>
). Caporiacco (
<number box="[507,566,529,556]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="1947.0">1947</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16BFFF82FD6FDDDFDABD36B" box="[507,566,529,556]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="1947.0">1947</number>
) reported a single male of
<taxonomicName box="[877,1030,530,556]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrimana">
<emphasis box="[877,1030,530,556]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">C. nigrimana</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F16BFFF82D40FDDEFB9BD36B" box="[877,1030,530,556]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrimana">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16BFFF82D40FDDEFB9BD36B" box="[877,1030,530,556]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">C. nigrimana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
collected from East Africa (Pangani), but provided no illustration or description of this male. It remains unclear how the latter author could match the single male he studied with
<taxonomicName box="[181,334,626,652]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrimana">
<emphasis box="[181,334,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">C. nigrimana</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F16BFFF82E98FDBEFED3D3CB" box="[181,334,626,652]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrimana">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16BFFF82E98FDBEFED3D3CB" box="[181,334,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">C. nigrimana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described from a single female by Simon (
<number box="[822,885,625,652]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="1900.0">1900</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16BFFF82D1BFDBDFCE8D3CB" box="[822,885,625,652]" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" value="1900.0">1900</number>
). The problem of what species was reported by Caporiacco under the name
<taxonomicName box="[760,914,206,232]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrimana">
<emphasis box="[760,914,206,232]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">C. nigrimana</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F168FFFB2CD5FF02FC0FD1AF" box="[760,914,206,232]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrimana">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F168FFFB2CD5FF02FC0FD1AF" box="[760,914,206,232]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">C. nigrimana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
requires further attention.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="168" targetBox="[195,1124,678,1584]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="168">
<caption id="DF44D6C9F16BFFF82E98F984FE24D7CA" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" targetBox="[195,1124,678,1584]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8B848641F16BFFF82E98F984FE24D7CA" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">
Figs 1416.
<taxonomicName authority="Simon, 1900" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1900" box="[298,580,1608,1630]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrimana">
<emphasis box="[298,456,1608,1630]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">Cyrba nigrimana</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F16BFFF82F07F984FDD9D71A" authority="Simon, 1900" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1900" box="[298,580,1608,1630]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrimana">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16BFFF82F07F984FE55D719" box="[298,456,1608,1630]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="168">Cyrba nigrimana</emphasis>
Simon, 1900
</taxonomicName>
from South Africa (♂ Port Elisabeth; ♀ Limpopo, Little Leigh), general appearance: (14, 15) male, ventral and dorsal views; (16) female, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="169">
<paragraph id="8B848641F168FFFB2E87FEC1FDC3D3CF" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">
The male of
<taxonomicName box="[314,464,270,296]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrimana">
<emphasis box="[314,464,270,296]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">C. nigrimana</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F168FFFB2F17FEC2FE4DD06F" box="[314,464,270,296]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrimana">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F168FFFB2F17FEC2FE4DD06F" box="[314,464,270,296]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">C. nigrimana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation box="[479,607,269,296]" captionStart="Figs 17 23" captionStartId="6.[142,181,1578,1600]" captionTargetBox="[160,1086,684,1552]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1092,673,1560]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 17 23. Cyrba nigrimana Simon, 1900 from South Africa (♂ Port Elisabeth; ♀ Ecca pass Nature Reserve): (17) male palp, ventral view; (18) ditto, dorsal view; (19) ditto, median view; (20) tibial apophyses, retrolateral view; (21) epigyne, ventral view; (22) spermathecae, dorsal view; (23) diagrammatic course of the insemination ducts. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." pageId="6" pageNumber="169">
<figureCitation id="13009AC4F168FFFB2FF2FEC1FDC2D06F" box="[479,607,269,296]" captionStart="Figs 17 23" captionStartId="6.[142,181,1578,1600]" captionTargetBox="[160,1086,684,1552]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1092,673,1560]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 17 23. Cyrba nigrimana Simon, 1900 from South Africa (♂ Port Elisabeth; ♀ Ecca pass Nature Reserve): (17) male palp, ventral view; (18) ditto, dorsal view; (19) ditto, median view; (20) tibial apophyses, retrolateral view; (21) epigyne, ventral view; (22) spermathecae, dorsal view; (23) diagrammatic course of the insemination ducts. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." pageId="6" pageNumber="169">
Figs
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<number id="3DF39466F168FFFB2C35FEC1FDC2D06F" box="[536,607,269,296]" pageId="6" pageNumber="169" value="18.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="17.0">1720</number>
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) is most similar (almost identical) to that of
<taxonomicName box="[144,294,301,328]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boveyi">
<emphasis box="[144,294,301,328]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">Cyrba boveyi</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F168FFFB2EBDFEE1FEBBD00F" box="[144,294,301,328]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boveyi">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F168FFFB2EBDFEE1FEBBD00F" box="[144,294,301,328]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">Cyrba boveyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, described by Lessert (
<number box="[557,614,301,328]" pageId="6" pageNumber="169" value="1933.0">1933</number>
<number id="3DF39466F168FFFB2C00FEE1FDFBD00F" box="[557,614,301,328]" pageId="6" pageNumber="169" value="1933.0">1933</number>
) from a single male and redescribed on the basis of both sexes by Wanless (
<number box="[490,546,333,360]" pageId="6" pageNumber="169" value="1984.0">1984</number>
<emphasis box="[546,560,333,360]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">b</emphasis>
<number id="3DF39466F168FFFB2FC7FE81FDBFD02F" box="[490,546,333,360]" pageId="6" pageNumber="169" value="1984.0">1984</number>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F168FFFB2C0FFE81FDADD02F" box="[546,560,333,360]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">b</emphasis>
, figs
<number box="[617,644,333,360]" pageId="6" pageNumber="169" value="10.0">10</number>
<collectionCode box="[644,666,333,360]" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">A</collectionCode>
<number id="3DF39466F168FFFB2C44FE81FD19D02F" box="[617,644,333,360]" pageId="6" pageNumber="169" value="10.0">10</number>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F168FFFB2CA9FE81FD07D02F" box="[644,666,333,360]" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">A</collectionCode>
<collectionCode box="[682,700,333,360]" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">L</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F168FFFB2C87FE81FD21D02F" box="[682,700,333,360]" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">L</collectionCode>
). The latter author only provisionally matched the male of
<taxonomicName box="[370,474,365,392]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boveyi">
<emphasis box="[370,474,365,392]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">C. boveyi</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F168FFFB2F5FFEA2FE47D0CF" box="[370,474,365,392]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boveyi">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F168FFFB2F5FFEA2FE47D0CF" box="[370,474,365,392]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">C. boveyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with the female from Kenya, which was selected because of its most unusual epigyne (Wanless
<number box="[591,647,398,424]" pageId="6" pageNumber="169" value="1984.0">1984</number>
<emphasis box="[647,661,397,424]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">b</emphasis>
<number id="3DF39466F168FFFB2C62FE42FD1AD0EF" box="[591,647,398,424]" pageId="6" pageNumber="169" value="1984.0">1984</number>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F168FFFB2CAAFE41FD08D0EF" box="[647,661,397,424]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">b</emphasis>
:
<number box="[677,723,397,424]" pageId="6" pageNumber="169" value="465.0">465</number>
<number id="3DF39466F168FFFB2C88FE41FD4ED0EF" box="[677,723,397,424]" pageId="6" pageNumber="169" value="465.0">465</number>
). The males of both species seem to differ in the slightly different shape of the tibial apophysis and of the sclerotied lobe M
<number box="[168,177,479,494]" pageId="6" pageNumber="169" value="2.0">2</number>
<number id="3DF39466F168FFFB2E85FE13FF2CD0A9" box="[168,177,479,494]" pageId="6" pageNumber="169" value="2.0">2</number>
(
<emphasis box="[195,257,462,488]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">sensu</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F168FFFB2EEEFE02FE9CD0AF" box="[195,257,462,488]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">sensu</emphasis>
Wanless
<number box="[366,422,462,488]" pageId="6" pageNumber="169" value="1984.0">1984</number>
<emphasis box="[422,436,462,488]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">a</emphasis>
<number id="3DF39466F168FFFB2F43FE02FE3BD0AF" box="[366,422,462,488]" pageId="6" pageNumber="169" value="1984.0">1984</number>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F168FFFB2F8BFE02FE29D0AF" box="[422,436,462,488]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">a</emphasis>
). Furthermore, the male of
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<emphasis box="[754,861,461,488]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">C. boveyi</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B94F5A53F168FFFB2CDFFE02FCC0D0AF" box="[754,861,461,488]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">C. boveyi</emphasis>
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has its body covered with bright orange hairs (see Wesołowska &amp; Haddad
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, fig.
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), as in
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<emphasis box="[989,1097,494,520]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">C. simoni</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B94F5A53F168FFFB2DF0FE22FBD4D34F" box="[989,1097,494,520]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">C. simoni</emphasis>
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, whereas the male of
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<emphasis box="[368,515,526,552]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">C. nigrimana</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F168FFFB2F5DFDC2FD9ED36F" box="[368,515,526,552]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrimana">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F168FFFB2F5DFDC2FD9ED36F" box="[368,515,526,552]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">C. nigrimana</emphasis>
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is otherwise (
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<figureCitation id="13009AC4F168FFFB2CB7FDC1FC8AD36F" box="[666,791,525,552]" captionStart="Figs 14 16" captionStartId="5.[181,221,1608,1629]" captionTargetBox="[195,1124,678,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[191,1136,676,1590]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 14 16. Cyrba nigrimana Simon, 1900 from South Africa (♂ Port Elisabeth; ♀ Limpopo, Little Leigh), general appearance: (14, 15) male, ventral and dorsal views; (16) female, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="6" pageNumber="169">Figs 14, 15</figureCitation>
). We have matched the male and females of
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<emphasis box="[317,467,558,584]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">C. nigrimana</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B94F5A53F168FFFB2F10FDE2FE4ED30F" box="[317,467,558,584]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="169">C. nigrimana</emphasis>
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on the basis of their virtually identical body colouration (
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<figureCitation id="13009AC4F168FFFB2EB5FD81FE80D32F" box="[152,285,589,616]" captionStart="Figs 14 16" captionStartId="5.[181,221,1608,1629]" captionTargetBox="[195,1124,678,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[191,1136,676,1590]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 14 16. Cyrba nigrimana Simon, 1900 from South Africa (♂ Port Elisabeth; ♀ Limpopo, Little Leigh), general appearance: (14, 15) male, ventral and dorsal views; (16) female, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="6" pageNumber="169">
Figs
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). However, this matching must be considered provisional until a sample containing both sexes has been collected.
</paragraph>

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Genus
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<emphasis box="[591,661,546,574]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">Cyrba</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16FFFFC2C62FDEEFD08D379" box="[591,661,546,574]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">Cyrba</emphasis>
Simon,
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<emphasis box="[208,278,586,614]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">Cyrba</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16FFFFC2EFDFD86FE8BD321" box="[208,278,586,614]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">Cyrba</emphasis>
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is a small genus consisting of
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valid species (Platnick
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), of which the majority (nine species) are known from the Afrotropical region (Wanless
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; Platnick
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<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2E98FD46FF6FD3E1" box="[181,242,650,678]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="2009.0">2009</number>
). Here we provide additional faunistic records for four species, redescribe
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">C. lineata</emphasis>
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and describe the unknown male for
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<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16FFFFC2C5CFD67FC9AD381" box="[625,775,683,710]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">C. nigrimana</emphasis>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Logunov, Dmitri V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:namePart id="4E385486E310F4629059318F2E7B3D42">Logunov, Dmitri V.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>African Invertebrates</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="61637998FD08EE4FCC56F3363B4AB448">African Invertebrates</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>51</mods:number>
<mods:part id="3730EF6AC1640D1B467E32CEFC17AD60">
<mods:date id="B630636CD7053B4D664214BF00C79E27">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4E81F7094D9F72926107EDAFFD8CBF72">51</mods:number>
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>163</mods:start>
<mods:end>182</mods:end>
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<mods:start id="B6304665EE2E73062F33903AE8B6D529">163</mods:start>
<mods:end id="389DDE9345E6A580B390DDE340AA7F15">182</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:identifier id="BD5EC18096BAF6BEDB12128FD5BE57D7" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.5733/afin.051.0103</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3512276" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114923598" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3512276" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F16FFFFC2FCBFD3EFBC4D51F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03923757F16FFFFC2FCBFD3EFBC4D51F" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">
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<taxonomicName authority="Wanless, 1984" authorityName="Wanless" authorityYear="1984" box="[486,837,754,782]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="legendrei">
<emphasis box="[486,668,754,782]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">Cyrba legendrei</emphasis>
<treatment id="03923757F16FFFFC2FCBFD3EFBC4D51F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3512276" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114923598" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3512276" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F16FFFFC2FCBFD3EFBC4D51F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03923757F16FFFFC2FCBFD3EFBC4D51F" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" scope_family="Salticidae" scope_order="Araneae">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F16FFFFC2FCBFD3EFCD8D24A" ID-CoL="33JGF" authority="Wanless, 1984" authorityName="Wanless" authorityYear="1984" box="[486,837,754,782]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="legendrei">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16FFFFC2FCBFD3EFD01D249" box="[486,668,754,782]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">Cyrba legendrei</emphasis>
Wanless,
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<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2D20FD3FFCD8D24A" box="[781,837,755,781]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1984.0">1984</number>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph box="[181,675,790,812]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">
<treatmentCitation box="[181,671,790,812]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E187B1-3211-FFBB-FE06-FF159CECFE15" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">
<taxonomicName authority="Wanless 1984" authorityName="Wanless" authorityYear="1984" box="[181,466,790,812]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="legendrei">
<emphasis box="[181,329,790,812]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">Cyrba legendrei</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8B848641F16FFFFC2E98FCDAFD3ED26B" box="[181,675,790,812]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F16FFFFC2E98FCDAFE4FD26B" ID-CoL="33JGF" authority="Wanless 1984" authorityName="Wanless" authorityYear="1984" box="[181,466,790,812]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cyrba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="legendrei">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16FFFFC2E98FCDAFED4D26B" box="[181,329,790,812]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">Cyrba legendrei</emphasis>
: Wanless
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<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2F88FCDAFE4FD26B" box="[421,466,790,812]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1984.0">1984</number>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis box="[466,477,790,812]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">b</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16FFFFC2FFFFCDAFE40D26B" box="[466,477,790,812]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">b</emphasis>
:
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<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2FC4FCDAFDA1D26B" box="[489,572,790,812]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="459.5" valueMax="461.0" valueMin="458.0">458461</number>
, figs
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<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2C41FCDAFDEAD26B" box="[620,631,790,812]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="9.0">9</number>
AJ
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.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="164" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="164">
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF16FFFFC2E98FCF5FC00D548" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B848641F16FFFFC2E98FCF5FC00D548" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">
Material examined:
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744464" collectingDate="1994-09" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-17.666666" location="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" longLatPrecision="1277" longitude="49.516666" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="201543" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1">
<collectingCountry box="[365,526,825,847]" name="Madagascar" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="Madagascar">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF16FFFFC2F40FCF5FCBCD220" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744464" collectingDate="1994-09" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-17.666666" location="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" longLatPrecision="1277" longitude="49.516666" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="201543" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1">
<collectingCountry id="F32CC6D1F16FFFFC2F40FCF5FD93D208" box="[365,526,825,847]" name="Madagascar" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="Madagascar">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
:
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</specimenCount>
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<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2C10FCF5FDD7D208" box="[573,586,825,847]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="2.0">2</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[614,684,825,847]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">MRAC</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F16FFFFC2C4BFCF5FD31D208" box="[614,684,825,847]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">MRAC</collectionCode>
,
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<specimenCode box="[693,764,825,847]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">201543</specimenCode>
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2C98FCF5FD61D208" box="[693,764,825,847]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="201543.0">
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF16FFFFC2C98FCF5FD61D208" box="[693,764,825,847]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">201543</specimenCode>
</number>
),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F16FFFFC2FCBFD3EFBC4D51F:8EE4D09AF16FFFFC2D21FCF6FEB2D220" country="Madagascar" latitude="-17.666666" longLatPrecision="1277" longitude="49.516666" name="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]</location>
<location id="8EE4D09AF16FFFFC2D21FCF6FEB2D220" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F16FFFFC2FCBFD3EFBC4D51F:8EE4D09AF16FFFFC2D21FCF6FEB2D220" country="Madagascar" latitude="-17.666666" longLatPrecision="1277" longitude="49.516666" name="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]</location>
,
<emphasis box="[312,334,850,871]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">ca</emphasis>
<geoCoordinate box="[340,411,849,871]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" precision="925" value="-17.666666">
<number box="[340,362,849,871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="17.0">17</number>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16FFFFC2F15FC9EFED3D220" box="[312,334,850,871]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">ca</emphasis>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FE086F16FFFFC2F79FC9DFE06D220" box="[340,411,849,871]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" precision="925" value="-17.666666">
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2F79FC9DFEF7D220" box="[340,362,849,871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="17.0">17</number>
°
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<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2F5EFC9DFE10D220" box="[371,397,849,871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="40.0">40</number>
'S
</geoCoordinate>
:
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<number box="[414,440,849,871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="49.0">49</number>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FE086F16FFFFC2FB3FC9DFE74D220" box="[414,489,849,871]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" precision="925" value="49.516666">
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2FB3FC9DFE25D220" box="[414,440,849,871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="49.0">49</number>
°
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<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2FEDFC9DFE4AD220" box="[448,471,849,871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="31.0">31</number>
'E
</geoCoordinate>
, forest on clay,
<date box="[640,710,849,871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1994-09">
<collectingDate box="[640,710,849,871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1994-09">
<date id="FF85A081F16FFFFC2CADFC9DFD5BD220" box="[640,710,849,871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1994-09">
<collectingDate id="EFC15969F16FFFFC2CADFC9DFD5BD220" box="[640,710,849,871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1994-09">
ix.
<number box="[662,710,849,871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1994.0">1994</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2CBBFC9DFD5BD220" box="[662,710,849,871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1994.0">1994</number>
</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[719,801,849,871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">A. Pauly</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F16FFFFC2CE2FC9DFCBCD220" box="[719,801,849,871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">A. Pauly</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744462" collectingDate="1993-11-25" collectingMethod="sieved moss'" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-17.666666" location="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" longLatPrecision="1277" longitude="49.516666" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="200308" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
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<number box="[810,820,849,871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1.0">1</number>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF16FFFFC2D07FC9DFD13D238" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744462" collectingDate="1993-11-25" collectingMethod="sieved moss'" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-17.666666" location="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" longLatPrecision="1277" longitude="49.516666" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="200308" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount id="9D3D4DC8F16FFFFC2D07FC9DFCDAD220" box="[810,839,849,871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" type="female">
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2D07FC9DFCA9D220" box="[810,820,849,871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1.0">1</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[851,921,849,871]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">MRAC</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F16FFFFC2D7EFC9DFC04D220" box="[851,921,849,871]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">MRAC</collectionCode>
,
<specimenCode box="[930,1001,849,871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">
<number box="[930,1001,849,871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="200308.0">200308</number>
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF16FFFFC2D8FFC9DFC74D220" box="[930,1001,849,871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2D8FFC9DFC74D220" box="[930,1001,849,871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="200308.0">200308</number>
</specimenCode>
), same locality, forest on sand,
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<collectingMethod id="527AFE56F16FFFFC2F66FCA5FE59D238" box="[331,452,873,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">sieved moss</collectingMethod>
,
<date box="[462,561,873,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1993-11-25">
<collectingDate box="[462,561,873,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1993-11-25">
<number box="[462,487,873,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="25.0">25</number>
<date id="FF85A081F16FFFFC2FE3FCA5FDACD238" box="[462,561,873,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1993-11-25">
<collectingDate id="EFC15969F16FFFFC2FE3FCA5FDACD238" box="[462,561,873,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1993-11-25">
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2FE3FCA5FE7AD238" box="[462,487,873,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="25.0">25</number>
.xi.
<number box="[513,561,873,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1993.0">1993</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2C2CFCA5FDACD238" box="[513,561,873,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1993.0">1993</number>
</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[570,654,873,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">A. Pauly</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F16FFFFC2C17FCA5FD13D238" box="[570,654,873,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">A. Pauly</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744456" collectingDate="2004-10" collectingMethod="sieved moss'" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-17.666666" location="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" longLatPrecision="1277" longitude="49.516666" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="207108" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount box="[664,692,873,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" type="female">
<number box="[664,674,873,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1.0">1</number>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF16FFFFC2CB5FCA5FECCD2D0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744456" collectingDate="2004-10" collectingMethod="sieved moss'" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-17.666666" location="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" longLatPrecision="1277" longitude="49.516666" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="207108" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount id="9D3D4DC8F16FFFFC2CB5FCA5FD29D238" box="[664,692,873,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" type="female">
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2CB5FCA5FD3FD238" box="[664,674,873,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1.0">1</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[706,776,873,895]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">MRAC</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F16FFFFC2CEFFCA5FC95D238" box="[706,776,873,895]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">MRAC</collectionCode>
,
<number box="[786,857,873,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="207108.0">
<specimenCode box="[786,857,873,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">207108</specimenCode>
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2D3FFCA5FCC4D238" box="[786,857,873,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="207108.0">
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF16FFFFC2D3FFCA5FCC4D238" box="[786,857,873,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">207108</specimenCode>
</number>
), same locality, forest on sand,
<date box="[181,246,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="2004-10">
<collectingDate box="[181,246,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="2004-10">
<date id="FF85A081F16FFFFC2E98FC4DFF6BD2D0" box="[181,246,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="2004-10">
<collectingDate id="EFC15969F16FFFFC2E98FC4DFF6BD2D0" box="[181,246,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="2004-10">
x.
<number box="[196,246,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="2004.0">2004</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2EE9FC4DFF6BD2D0" box="[196,246,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="2004.0">2004</number>
</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[254,337,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">A. Pauly</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F16FFFFC2ED3FC4DFECCD2D0" box="[254,337,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">A. Pauly</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744444" box="[347,1017,897,919]" collectingDate="1993-11-17" collectingMethod="sieved moss'" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-17.666666" location="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" longLatPrecision="1277" longitude="49.516666" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="177786" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount box="[347,375,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" type="male">
<number box="[347,355,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1.0">1</number>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF16FFFFC2F76FC4DFC64D2D0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744444" box="[347,1017,897,919]" collectingDate="1993-11-17" collectingMethod="sieved moss'" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-17.666666" location="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" longLatPrecision="1277" longitude="49.516666" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="177786" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="9D3D4DC8F16FFFFC2F76FC4DFEEAD2D0" box="[347,375,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" type="male">
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2F76FC4DFEFED2D0" box="[347,355,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1.0">1</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[388,458,897,919]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">MRAC</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F16FFFFC2FA9FC4DFE57D2D0" box="[388,458,897,919]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">MRAC</collectionCode>
,
<number box="[468,539,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="177786.0">
<specimenCode box="[468,539,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">177786</specimenCode>
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2FF9FC4DFD86D2D0" box="[468,539,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="177786.0">
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF16FFFFC2FF9FC4DFD86D2D0" box="[468,539,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">177786</specimenCode>
</number>
), same locality, forest on sand,
<date box="[827,925,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1993-11-17">
<collectingDate box="[827,925,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1993-11-17">
<number box="[827,850,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="17.0">17</number>
<date id="FF85A081F16FFFFC2D16FC4DFC00D2D0" box="[827,925,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1993-11-17">
<collectingDate id="EFC15969F16FFFFC2D16FC4DFC00D2D0" box="[827,925,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1993-11-17">
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2D16FC4DFCCFD2D0" box="[827,850,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="17.0">17</number>
.xi.
<number box="[876,925,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1993.0">1993</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2D41FC4DFC00D2D0" box="[876,925,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1993.0">1993</number>
</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[934,1017,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">A. Pauly</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F16FFFFC2D8BFC4DFC64D2D0" box="[934,1017,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">A. Pauly</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744459" collectingDate="1994-07" collectingMethod="sieved moss'" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-17.666666" location="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" longLatPrecision="1277" longitude="49.516666" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="201678" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount box="[1027,1055,896,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" type="male">
<number box="[1027,1038,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1.0">1</number>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF16FFFFC2A2EFC4DFD5BD2E8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744459" collectingDate="1994-07" collectingMethod="sieved moss'" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-17.666666" location="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" longLatPrecision="1277" longitude="49.516666" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="201678" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="9D3D4DC8F16FFFFC2A2EFC4DFB82D2D1" box="[1027,1055,896,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" type="male">
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2A2EFC4DFB93D2D0" box="[1027,1038,897,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1.0">1</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[1068,1136,897,919]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">MRAC</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F16FFFFC2A01FC4DFBEDD2D0" box="[1068,1136,897,919]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">MRAC</collectionCode>
,
<number box="[181,253,921,943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="201678.0">
<specimenCode box="[181,253,921,943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">201678</specimenCode>
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2E98FC55FF60D2E8" box="[181,253,921,943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="201678.0">
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF16FFFFC2E98FC55FF60D2E8" box="[181,253,921,943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">201678</specimenCode>
</number>
), same locality, forest on sand,
<date box="[542,618,921,943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1994-07">
<collectingDate box="[542,618,921,943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1994-07">
<date id="FF85A081F16FFFFC2C33FC55FDF7D2E8" box="[542,618,921,943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1994-07">
<collectingDate id="EFC15969F16FFFFC2C33FC55FDF7D2E8" box="[542,618,921,943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1994-07">
vii.
<number box="[571,618,921,943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1994.0">1994</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2C16FC55FDF7D2E8" box="[571,618,921,943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1994.0">1994</number>
</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[627,710,921,943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">A. Pauly</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F16FFFFC2C5EFC55FD5BD2E8" box="[627,710,921,943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">A. Pauly</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744466" collectingDate="1994-11" collectingMethod="sieved moss'" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-17.666666" location="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" longLatPrecision="1277" longitude="49.516666" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="207058" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3">
<specimenCount box="[720,749,921,943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" type="female">
<number box="[720,732,921,943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="3.0">3</number>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF16FFFFC2CFDFC55FE5ED280" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744466" collectingDate="1994-11" collectingMethod="sieved moss'" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-17.666666" location="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" longLatPrecision="1277" longitude="49.516666" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="207058" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3">
<specimenCount id="9D3D4DC8F16FFFFC2CFDFC55FD70D2E8" box="[720,749,921,943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" type="female">
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2CFDFC55FD41D2E8" box="[720,732,921,943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="3.0">3</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[761,831,921,943]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">MRAC</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F16FFFFC2CD4FC55FCA2D2E8" box="[761,831,921,943]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">MRAC</collectionCode>
,
<number box="[841,913,921,943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="207058.0">
<specimenCode box="[841,913,921,943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">207058</specimenCode>
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2D64FC55FC0CD2E8" box="[841,913,921,943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="207058.0">
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF16FFFFC2D64FC55FC0CD2E8" box="[841,913,921,943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">207058</specimenCode>
</number>
), same locality, forest on sand, litter,
<date box="[289,359,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1994-11">
<collectingDate box="[289,359,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1994-11">
<date id="FF85A081F16FFFFC2F0CFC7DFEFAD280" box="[289,359,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1994-11">
<collectingDate id="EFC15969F16FFFFC2F0CFC7DFEFAD280" box="[289,359,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1994-11">
xi.
<number box="[311,359,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1994.0">1994</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2F1AFC7DFEFAD280" box="[311,359,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1994.0">1994</number>
</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[368,451,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">A. Pauly</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F16FFFFC2F5DFC7DFE5ED280" box="[368,451,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">A. Pauly</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744450" box="[461,1103,945,967]" collectingDate="1994-07" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="201773" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2">
<specimenCount box="[461,489,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" type="male">
<number box="[461,472,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="2.0">2</number>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF16FFFFC2FE0FC7DFBD2D280" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744450" box="[461,1103,945,967]" collectingDate="1994-07" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="201773" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2">
<specimenCount id="9D3D4DC8F16FFFFC2FE0FC7DFE74D280" box="[461,489,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" type="male">
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2FE0FC7DFE45D280" box="[461,472,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="2.0">2</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[502,572,945,967]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">MRAC</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F16FFFFC2FDBFC7DFDA1D280" box="[502,572,945,967]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">MRAC</collectionCode>
,
<number box="[581,652,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="201773.0">
<specimenCode box="[581,652,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">201773</specimenCode>
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2C68FC7DFD11D280" box="[581,652,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="201773.0">
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF16FFFFC2C68FC7DFD11D280" box="[581,652,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">201773</specimenCode>
</number>
), same locality, forest on clay,
<collectingDate box="[935,1012,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1994-07">
<date box="[935,1012,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1994-07">
<collectingDate id="EFC15969F16FFFFC2D8AFC7DFC69D280" box="[935,1012,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1994-07">
<date id="FF85A081F16FFFFC2D8AFC7DFC69D280" box="[935,1012,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1994-07">
vii.
<number box="[964,1012,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1994.0">1994</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2DE9FC7DFC69D280" box="[964,1012,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1994.0">1994</number>
</date>
</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName box="[1021,1103,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">A. Pauly</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F16FFFFC2DD0FC7DFBD2D280" box="[1021,1103,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">A. Pauly</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744460" collectingDate="1993-12" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="177897" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2">
<specimenCount box="[1113,1141,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" type="female">
<number box="[1113,1126,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="2.0">2</number>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF16FFFFC2A74FC7DFCB3D298" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744460" collectingDate="1993-12" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="177897" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2">
<specimenCount id="9D3D4DC8F16FFFFC2A74FC7DFBE8D280" box="[1113,1141,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" type="female">
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2A74FC7DFBFBD280" box="[1113,1126,945,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="2.0">2</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[188,256,969,991]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">MRAC</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F16FFFFC2E91FC05FE9DD298" box="[188,256,969,991]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">MRAC</collectionCode>
,
<number box="[267,338,969,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="177897.0">
<specimenCode box="[267,338,969,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">177897</specimenCode>
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2F26FC05FECFD298" box="[267,338,969,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="177897.0">
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF16FFFFC2F26FC05FECFD298" box="[267,338,969,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">177897</specimenCode>
</number>
), same locality,
<taxonomicName box="[483,579,969,991]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Aspleniaceae" genus="Asplenium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[483,579,969,991]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">Asplenium</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F16FFFFC2FCEFC05FDDED298" box="[483,579,969,991]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Aspleniaceae" genus="Asplenium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16FFFFC2FCEFC05FDDED298" box="[483,579,969,991]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">Asplenium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forest,
<date box="[647,724,969,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1993-12">
<collectingDate box="[647,724,969,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1993-12">
<date id="FF85A081F16FFFFC2CAAFC05FD49D298" box="[647,724,969,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1993-12">
<collectingDate id="EFC15969F16FFFFC2CAAFC05FD49D298" box="[647,724,969,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1993-12">
xii.
<number box="[676,724,969,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1993.0">1993</number>
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2C89FC05FD49D298" box="[676,724,969,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1993.0">1993</number>
</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[732,814,969,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">A. Pauly</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F16FFFFC2CF1FC05FCB3D298" box="[732,814,969,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">A. Pauly</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744453" collectingDate="1995-02" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-17.45" location="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Manakambahiny nr Vavatene [= Vavatenina]" longLatPrecision="1278" longitude="49.35" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="206482" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount box="[823,851,969,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" type="female">
<number box="[823,832,969,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1.0">1</number>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF16FFFFC2D1AFC05FBEFD2B0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744453" collectingDate="1995-02" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-17.45" location="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Manakambahiny nr Vavatene [= Vavatenina]" longLatPrecision="1278" longitude="49.35" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="206482" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount id="9D3D4DC8F16FFFFC2D1AFC05FCCED298" box="[823,851,969,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" type="female">
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2D1AFC05FCDDD298" box="[823,832,969,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1.0">1</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[863,933,969,991]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">MRAC</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F16FFFFC2D72FC05FC38D298" box="[863,933,969,991]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">MRAC</collectionCode>
,
<number box="[942,1013,969,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="206482.0">
<specimenCode box="[942,1013,969,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">206482</specimenCode>
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2D83FC05FC68D298" box="[942,1013,969,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="206482.0">
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF16FFFFC2D83FC05FC68D298" box="[942,1013,969,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">206482</specimenCode>
</number>
),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F16FFFFC2FCBFD3EFBC4D51F:8EE4D09AF16FFFFC2A29FC06FD54D2B0" country="Madagascar" latitude="-17.45" longLatPrecision="1278" longitude="49.35" name="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Manakambahiny nr Vavatene [= Vavatenina]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">Tamatave [= Toamasina], Manakambahiny nr Vavaténe [= Vavatenina]</location>
<location id="8EE4D09AF16FFFFC2A29FC06FD54D2B0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F16FFFFC2FCBFD3EFBC4D51F:8EE4D09AF16FFFFC2A29FC06FD54D2B0" country="Madagascar" latitude="-17.45" longLatPrecision="1278" longitude="49.35" name="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Manakambahiny nr Vavatene [= Vavatenina]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">Tamatave [= Toamasina], Manakambahiny nr Vavaténe [= Vavatenina]</location>
,
<emphasis box="[723,745,994,1015]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">ca</emphasis>
<geoCoordinate box="[752,824,993,1015]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" precision="925" value="-17.45">
<number box="[752,775,993,1015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="17.0">17</number>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16FFFFC2CFEFC2EFD74D2B0" box="[723,745,994,1015]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">ca</emphasis>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FE086F16FFFFC2CDDFC2DFCA5D2B0" box="[752,824,993,1015]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" precision="925" value="-17.45">
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2CDDFC2DFC9AD2B0" box="[752,775,993,1015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="17.0">17</number>
°
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ii.
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°
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'S
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<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2C5EFC35FD10D548" box="[627,653,1017,1039]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="47.0">47</number>
°
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'E
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,
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<date id="FF85A081F16FFFFC2CE7FC35FC92D548" box="[714,783,1017,1039]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1999-04">
<collectingDate id="EFC15969F16FFFFC2CE7FC35FC92D548" box="[714,783,1017,1039]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1999-04">
iv.
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<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2CCDFC35FC92D548" box="[736,783,1017,1039]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1999.0">1999</number>
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<collectorName id="26CEE397F16FFFFC2D35FC36FC04D548" box="[792,921,1017,1039]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">Van Esbroeck</collectorName>
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.
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="164">
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Distribution: To date, the species has been known from Madagascar and the Comoros only (Wanless
<number box="[347,403,1086,1112]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1984.0">1984</number>
<emphasis box="[403,417,1085,1112]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">b</emphasis>
<number id="3DF39466F16FFFFC2F76FBF2FE0ED51F" box="[347,403,1086,1112]" pageId="1" pageNumber="164" value="1984.0">1984</number>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F16FFFFC2FBEFBF1FE3CD51F" box="[403,417,1085,1112]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="164">b</emphasis>
). New records clarify the species distribution in Madagascar.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

View file

@ -1,198 +1,198 @@
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<emphasis box="[463,628,1080,1107]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Portia schultzi</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F17CFFEF2FE2FBF5FC8DD514" ID-CoL="4M23M" authority="Karsch, 1878" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1878" box="[463,784,1080,1107]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schultzi">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F17CFFEF2FE2FBF5FDE9D514" box="[463,628,1080,1107]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Portia schultzi</emphasis>
Karsch,
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<emphasis box="[144,276,1123,1145]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Portia schultzi</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F17CFFEF2EBDFBA8FE5FD53E" authority="Karsch 1878: 774" authorityName="Karsch" authorityPageNumber="774" authorityYear="1878" box="[144,450,1123,1145]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schultzi">
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: Karsch
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:
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; Wanless
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:
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, figs
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<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2C93FBAFFD58D53E" box="[702,709,1123,1145]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1.0">1</number>
AG; Wesołowska &amp; Cumming
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<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2DC2FBAFFBBDD53E" box="[1007,1056,1123,1145]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="2008.0">2008</number>
:
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<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2A05FBAFFBD1D53E" box="[1064,1100,1123,1145]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="207.0">207</number>
, figs
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.
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
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<paragraph id="8B848641F17CFFEF2EBDFB57FDDCD5BE" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
Material examined:
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744449" collectingDate="1993-11-10" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-19.6" location="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" longLatPrecision="1271" longitude="48.216667" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" specimenCode="200468" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<collectingCountry box="[334,496,1179,1201]" name="Madagascar" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="Madagascar">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF17CFFEF2F63FB57FC4ED58E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744449" collectingDate="1993-11-10" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-19.6" location="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" longLatPrecision="1271" longitude="48.216667" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" specimenCode="200468" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<collectingCountry id="F32CC6D1F17CFFEF2F63FB57FE6DD5F6" box="[334,496,1179,1201]" name="Madagascar" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="Madagascar">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
:
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<number box="[511,521,1179,1201]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1.0">1</number>
<specimenCount id="9D3D4DC8F17CFFEF2FD2FB57FD81D5F6" box="[511,540,1179,1201]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" type="female">
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2FD2FB57FD94D5F6" box="[511,521,1179,1201]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1.0">1</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[555,626,1179,1201]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">MRAC</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F17CFFEF2C06FB57FDEFD5F6" box="[555,626,1179,1201]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">MRAC</collectionCode>
,
<number box="[638,710,1179,1201]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="200468.0">
<specimenCode box="[638,710,1179,1201]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">200468</specimenCode>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2C53FB57FD5BD5F6" box="[638,710,1179,1201]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="200468.0">
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF17CFFEF2C53FB57FD5BD5F6" box="[638,710,1179,1201]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">200468</specimenCode>
</number>
),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F17CFFEF2FE2FBF5FC77D424:8EE4D09AF17CFFEF2CF5FB50FE94D58E" country="Madagascar" latitude="-19.6" longLatPrecision="1271" longitude="48.216667" name="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]</location>
<location id="8EE4D09AF17CFFEF2CF5FB50FE94D58E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F17CFFEF2FE2FBF5FC77D424:8EE4D09AF17CFFEF2CF5FB50FE94D58E" country="Madagascar" latitude="-19.6" longLatPrecision="1271" longitude="48.216667" name="Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Tamatave [= Toamasina], Foulpointe [= Mahavelona]</location>
,
<emphasis box="[275,297,1204,1225]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">ca</emphasis>
<geoCoordinate box="[303,376,1203,1225]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" precision="925" value="-19.6">
<number box="[303,326,1203,1225]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="19.0">19</number>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F17CFFEF2F3EFB78FEB4D58E" box="[275,297,1204,1225]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">ca</emphasis>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FE086F17CFFEF2F02FB7FFEE5D58E" box="[303,376,1203,1225]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" precision="925" value="-19.6">
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2F02FB7FFEDBD58E" box="[303,326,1203,1225]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="19.0">19</number>
°
<number box="[335,361,1203,1225]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="36.0">36</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2F62FB7FFEF4D58E" box="[335,361,1203,1225]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="36.0">36</number>
'S
</geoCoordinate>
:
<geoCoordinate box="[379,454,1203,1225]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" precision="925" value="48.216667">
<number box="[379,405,1203,1225]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="48.0">48</number>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FE086F17CFFEF2F56FB7FFE5BD58E" box="[379,454,1203,1225]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" precision="925" value="48.216667">
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2F56FB7FFE08D58E" box="[379,405,1203,1225]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="48.0">48</number>
°
<number box="[413,436,1203,1225]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="13.0">13</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2FB0FB7FFE29D58E" box="[413,436,1203,1225]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="13.0">13</number>
'E
</geoCoordinate>
, forest on sand soil,
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<emphasis box="[644,735,1203,1225]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Pandanus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F17CFFEF2CA9FB7FFD42D58E" box="[644,735,1203,1225]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F17CFFEF2CA9FB7FFD42D58E" box="[644,735,1203,1225]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Pandanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-bog,
<collectingDate box="[789,887,1203,1225]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1993-11-10">
<date box="[789,887,1203,1225]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1993-11-10">
<number box="[789,812,1203,1225]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="10.0">10</number>
<collectingDate id="EFC15969F17CFFEF2D38FB7FFCEAD58E" box="[789,887,1203,1225]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1993-11-10">
<date id="FF85A081F17CFFEF2D38FB7FFCEAD58E" box="[789,887,1203,1225]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1993-11-10">
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2D38FB7FFCB1D58E" box="[789,812,1203,1225]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="10.0">10</number>
.xi.
<number box="[838,887,1203,1225]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1993.0">1993</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2D6BFB7FFCEAD58E" box="[838,887,1203,1225]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1993.0">1993</number>
</date>
</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName box="[896,979,1203,1225]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">A. Pauly</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F17CFFEF2DADFB7FFC4ED58E" box="[896,979,1203,1225]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">A. Pauly</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744443" collectingDate="1995-04" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-19.766666" location="Analalava" longLatPrecision="1270" longitude="46.133335" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" specimenCode="206578" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount box="[989,1017,1203,1225]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" type="female">
<number box="[989,999,1203,1225]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1.0">1</number>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF17CFFEF2DF0FB7FFCA2D5A6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744443" collectingDate="1995-04" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-19.766666" location="Analalava" longLatPrecision="1270" longitude="46.133335" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" specimenCode="206578" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount id="9D3D4DC8F17CFFEF2DF0FB7FFC64D58E" box="[989,1017,1203,1225]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" type="female">
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2DF0FB7FFC7AD58E" box="[989,999,1203,1225]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1.0">1</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[1030,1100,1203,1225]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">MRAC</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F17CFFEF2A2BFB7FFBD1D58E" box="[1030,1100,1203,1225]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">MRAC</collectionCode>
,
<number box="[144,215,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="206578.0">
<specimenCode box="[144,215,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">206578</specimenCode>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2EBDFB07FF4AD5A6" box="[144,215,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="206578.0">
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF17CFFEF2EBDFB07FF4AD5A6" box="[144,215,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">206578</specimenCode>
</number>
), same locality,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F17CFFEF2FE2FBF5FC77D424:8EE4D09AF17CFFEF2F42FB07FE50D5A6" box="[367,461,1227,1249]" country="Madagascar" latitude="-19.766666" longLatPrecision="1270" longitude="46.133335" name="Analalava" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Analalava</location>
<location id="8EE4D09AF17CFFEF2F42FB07FE50D5A6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F17CFFEF2FE2FBF5FC77D424:8EE4D09AF17CFFEF2F42FB07FE50D5A6" box="[367,461,1227,1249]" country="Madagascar" latitude="-19.766666" longLatPrecision="1270" longitude="46.133335" name="Analalava" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Analalava</location>
,
<emphasis box="[473,494,1228,1249]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">ca</emphasis>
<geoCoordinate box="[503,574,1227,1249]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" precision="925" value="-19.766666">
<number box="[503,526,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="19.0">19</number>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F17CFFEF2FF4FB00FE73D5A6" box="[473,494,1228,1249]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">ca</emphasis>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FE086F17CFFEF2FDAFB07FDA3D5A6" box="[503,574,1227,1249]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" precision="925" value="-19.766666">
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2FDAFB07FD93D5A6" box="[503,526,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="19.0">19</number>
°
<number box="[534,560,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="46.0">46</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2C3BFB07FDADD5A6" box="[534,560,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="46.0">46</number>
'S
</geoCoordinate>
:
<geoCoordinate box="[577,654,1227,1249]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" precision="925" value="46.133335">
<number box="[577,603,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="46.0">46</number>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FE086F17CFFEF2C6CFB07FD13D5A6" box="[577,654,1227,1249]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" precision="925" value="46.133335">
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2C6CFB07FDC6D5A6" box="[577,603,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="46.0">46</number>
°08'E
</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectingDate box="[666,735,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1995-04">
<date box="[666,735,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1995-04">
<collectingDate id="EFC15969F17CFFEF2CB7FB07FD42D5A6" box="[666,735,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1995-04">
<date id="FF85A081F17CFFEF2CB7FB07FD42D5A6" box="[666,735,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1995-04">
iv.
<number box="[688,735,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1995.0">1995</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2C9DFB07FD42D5A6" box="[688,735,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1995.0">1995</number>
</date>
</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName box="[746,831,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">A. Pauly</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F17CFFEF2CC7FB07FCA2D5A6" box="[746,831,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">A. Pauly</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744457" collectingDate="1994-11" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-19.766666" location="Analalava" longLatPrecision="1270" longitude="46.133335" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" specimenCode="207056" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount box="[843,871,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" type="male">
<number box="[843,851,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1.0">1</number>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF17CFFEF2D66FB07FDA0D5BE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744457" collectingDate="1994-11" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="A. Pauly" country="Madagascar" latitude="-19.766666" location="Analalava" longLatPrecision="1270" longitude="46.133335" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" specimenCode="207056" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="9D3D4DC8F17CFFEF2D66FB07FCFAD5A6" box="[843,871,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" type="male">
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2D66FB07FCCED5A6" box="[843,851,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1.0">1</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[886,956,1227,1249]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">MRAC</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F17CFFEF2D5BFB07FC21D5A6" box="[886,956,1227,1249]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">MRAC</collectionCode>
,
<number box="[968,1039,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="207056.0">
<specimenCode box="[968,1039,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">207056</specimenCode>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2DE5FB07FB92D5A6" box="[968,1039,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="207056.0">
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF17CFFEF2DE5FB07FB92D5A6" box="[968,1039,1227,1249]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">207056</specimenCode>
</number>
), same locality, forest on sand, litter,
<collectingDate box="[413,484,1251,1273]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1994-11">
<date box="[413,484,1251,1273]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1994-11">
<collectingDate id="EFC15969F17CFFEF2FB0FB2FFE79D5BE" box="[413,484,1251,1273]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1994-11">
<date id="FF85A081F17CFFEF2FB0FB2FFE79D5BE" box="[413,484,1251,1273]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1994-11">
xi.
<number box="[435,484,1251,1273]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1994.0">1994</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2F9EFB2FFE79D5BE" box="[435,484,1251,1273]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1994.0">1994</number>
</date>
</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName box="[492,573,1251,1273]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">A. Pauly</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F17CFFEF2FC1FB2FFDA0D5BE" box="[492,573,1251,1273]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">A. Pauly</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="181" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF17CFFEF2EBDFAC4FC77D424" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B848641F17CFFEF2EBDFAC4FC77D424" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
Distribution: The species is known from tropical Africa, from Guinea in the west to Madagascar in the east (Murphy &amp; Murphy
<number box="[704,764,1321,1347]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1983.0">1983</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2CEDFAE5FD61D404" box="[704,764,1321,1347]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1983.0">1983</number>
; Logunov &amp; Azarkina
<number box="[1039,1099,1321,1347]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="2007.0">2007</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2A22FAE5FBD6D404" box="[1039,1099,1321,1347]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="2007.0">2007</number>
; Wesołowska &amp; Cumming
<number box="[439,499,1353,1379]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="2008.0">2008</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2F9AFA85FE6ED424" box="[439,499,1353,1379]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="2008.0">2008</number>
; Wesołowska &amp; Haddad
<number box="[780,840,1353,1379]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="2009.0">2009</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2D21FA85FCD5D424" box="[780,840,1353,1379]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="2009.0">2009</number>
; present data).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

View file

@ -1,222 +1,222 @@
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<mods:title>New data on the jumping spiders of the subfamily Spartaeinae (Araneae: Salticidae) from Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Logunov, Dmitri V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>African Invertebrates</mods:title>
<mods:typeOfResource id="64A781B20BFC2E7EFDE24F40182124DA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="7B519AD62D2183C9D7441BA68A75A793" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="9EDC501DC88B3489EE72C393A8152B0E">
<mods:title id="A6B03B7BE109F0D7BCAA8D347625F3C6">African Invertebrates</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>51</mods:number>
<mods:part id="36577619B23B7A1F488A0E68C09F5556">
<mods:date id="514CEE5A7D44DE1BC8A44EBB1DDF6593">2010</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="D597C6BAB5B6CCF2C84E8F4CBC796A57" type="volume">
<mods:number id="838567CE6301BC2570762B55350A113A">51</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
<mods:detail id="CC98C9EBD299AD530E8E2A0F799FFD95" type="issue">
<mods:number id="352E60C066D46EFAA1C9F7EEDDED2E25">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>163</mods:start>
<mods:end>182</mods:end>
<mods:extent id="CDFED93A7E291EF5167841F57918FAF4" unit="page">
<mods:start id="22C0F5A0A6BCF82F416FE3482AB7612A">163</mods:start>
<mods:end id="A764A2E26A8BF5EB89DC2A15D1923941">182</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.5733/afin.051.0103</mods:identifier>
<mods:classification id="C1A7D5A16851F723601624C83E3DB310">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="7EC6982CBB88985337EA30E6149427D3" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.5733/afin.051.0103</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201387" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114923614" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6201387" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F17CFFEF2FE9FD28FCDDD549" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03923757F17CFFEF2FE9FD28FCDDD549" lastPageNumber="181" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
<subSubSection box="[452,795,738,766]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph box="[452,795,738,766]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
<heading box="[452,795,738,766]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" reason="1">
<taxonomicName authority="Simon, 1886" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1886" box="[452,795,738,766]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africana">
<emphasis box="[452,626,738,766]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Portia africana</emphasis>
<treatment id="03923757F17CFFEF2FE9FD28FCDDD549" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201387" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114923614" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6201387" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F17CFFEF2FE9FD28FCDDD549" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03923757F17CFFEF2FE9FD28FCDDD549" lastPageNumber="181" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" scope_family="Salticidae" scope_order="Araneae">
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF17CFFEF2FE9FD28FC86D3B9" box="[452,795,738,766]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B848641F17CFFEF2FE9FD28FC86D3B9" box="[452,795,738,766]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
<heading id="D0CC312DF17CFFEF2FE9FD28FC86D3B9" box="[452,795,738,766]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F17CFFEF2FE9FD28FC86D3B9" ID-CoL="4M235" authority="Simon, 1886" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1886" box="[452,795,738,766]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africana">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F17CFFEF2FE9FD28FDEFD3B9" box="[452,626,738,766]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Portia africana</emphasis>
(Simon,
<number box="[729,786,738,766]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1886.0">1886</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2CF4FD2EFC8FD3B9" box="[729,786,738,766]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1886.0">1886</number>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="181" type="reference_group">
<paragraph box="[144,460,782,804]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
<taxonomicName authority="Simon, 1886: 393" authorityName="Simon" authorityPageNumber="393" authorityYear="1886" box="[144,456,782,804]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Linus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanus">
<emphasis box="[144,285,782,804]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Linus africanus</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF17CFFEF2EBDFCC3FC8ED27B" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B848641F17CFFEF2EBDFCC3FE51D263" box="[144,460,782,804]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F17CFFEF2EBDFCC3FE55D263" authority="Simon, 1886: 393" authorityName="Simon" authorityPageNumber="393" authorityYear="1886" box="[144,456,782,804]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Linus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanus">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F17CFFEF2EBDFCC3FE80D263" box="[144,285,782,804]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Linus africanus</emphasis>
Simon,
<number box="[361,410,782,804]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1886.0">1886</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2F44FCC2FE07D263" box="[361,410,782,804]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1886.0">1886</number>
:
<number box="[419,456,782,804]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="393.0">393</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2F8EFCC2FE55D263" box="[419,456,782,804]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="393.0">393</number>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph box="[144,787,806,828]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
<taxonomicName authority="Simon" authorityName="Simon" box="[144,368,806,828]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africana">
<emphasis box="[144,284,806,828]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Portia africana</emphasis>
<paragraph id="8B848641F17CFFEF2EBDFCEBFC8ED27B" box="[144,787,806,828]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F17CFFEF2EBDFCEBFEEDD27B" authority="Simon" authorityName="Simon" box="[144,368,806,828]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africana">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F17CFFEF2EBDFCEBFE81D27B" box="[144,284,806,828]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Portia africana</emphasis>
(Simon)
</taxonomicName>
: Wanless
<number box="[456,505,806,828]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1978.0">1978</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2FE5FCEAFE64D27B" box="[456,505,806,828]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1978.0">1978</number>
:
<number box="[513,572,806,828]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="94.5" valueMax="96.0" valueMin="93.0">9396</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2C2CFCEAFDA1D27B" box="[513,572,806,828]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="94.5" valueMax="96.0" valueMin="93.0">9396</number>
, figs
<number box="[620,631,806,828]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="4.0">4</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2C41FCEAFDEAD27B" box="[620,631,806,828]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="4.0">4</number>
AE,
<number box="[684,695,806,828]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="5.0">5</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2C81FCEAFD2AD27B" box="[684,695,806,828]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="5.0">5</number>
A, B, F, J.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="181" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF17CFFEF2EBDFC8AFBA2D2E3" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B848641F17CFFEF2EBDFC8AFBA2D2E3" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
Material examined:
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<collectingCountry box="[325,473,838,860]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="Ivory Coast">IVORY COAST</collectingCountry>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF17CFFEF2F68FC8AFCA2D233" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744451" collectingDate="1993-11-14" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="R. Jocque" country="Ivory Coast" elevation="160" latitude="6.5833335" location="Appouesso" longLatPrecision="1304" longitude="-3.4666667" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" specimenCode="177618" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<collectingCountry id="F32CC6D1F17CFFEF2F68FC8AFE44D21B" box="[325,473,838,860]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="Ivory Coast">IVORY COAST</collectingCountry>
:
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<number box="[485,493,838,860]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1.0">1</number>
<specimenCount id="9D3D4DC8F17CFFEF2FC8FC8AFD9CD21B" box="[485,513,838,860]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" type="male">
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2FC8FC8AFE70D21B" box="[485,493,838,860]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1.0">1</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[525,595,838,860]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">MRAC</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F17CFFEF2C20FC8AFDCED21B" box="[525,595,838,860]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">MRAC</collectionCode>
,
<specimenCode box="[604,675,838,860]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
<number box="[604,675,838,860]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="177618.0">177618</number>
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF17CFFEF2C71FC8AFD3ED21B" box="[604,675,838,860]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2C71FC8AFD3ED21B" box="[604,675,838,860]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="177618.0">177618</number>
</specimenCode>
),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F17CFFEF2FE9FD28FCDDD549:8EE4D09AF17CFFEF2C9CFC8AFC85D21B" box="[689,792,838,860]" country="Ivory Coast" latitude="6.5833335" longLatPrecision="1304" longitude="-3.4666667" name="Appouesso" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Appouesso</location>
<location id="8EE4D09AF17CFFEF2C9CFC8AFC85D21B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F17CFFEF2FE9FD28FCDDD549:8EE4D09AF17CFFEF2C9CFC8AFC85D21B" box="[689,792,838,860]" country="Ivory Coast" latitude="6.5833335" longLatPrecision="1304" longitude="-3.4666667" name="Appouesso" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Appouesso</location>
, forêt classée de la Bossematié,
<emphasis box="[1082,1104,839,860]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">ca</emphasis>
<geoCoordinate box="[144,208,862,884]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" precision="925" value="6.5833335">
<number box="[144,155,862,884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="6.0">6</number>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F17CFFEF2A17FC8BFBCDD21B" box="[1082,1104,839,860]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">ca</emphasis>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FE086F17CFFEF2EBDFC92FF4DD233" box="[144,208,862,884]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" precision="925" value="6.5833335">
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2EBDFC92FF06D233" box="[144,155,862,884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="6.0">6</number>
°
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<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2E8EFC92FF27D233" box="[163,186,862,884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="35.0">35</number>
'N
</geoCoordinate>
:
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<number box="[211,221,862,884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="3.0">3</number>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FE086F17CFFEF2EFEFC92FE85D233" box="[211,280,862,884]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" precision="925" value="-3.4666667">
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2EFEFC92FF40D233" box="[211,221,862,884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="3.0">3</number>
°
<number box="[229,253,862,884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="28.0">28</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2EC8FC92FF60D233" box="[229,253,862,884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="28.0">28</number>
'W
</geoCoordinate>
, forest edge, between buttresses,
<elevation box="[571,628,862,884]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" unit="m" value="160.0">
<quantity box="[571,628,862,884]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" unit="m" value="160.0">160 m</quantity>
<elevation id="00166172F17CFFEF2C16FC92FDE9D233" box="[571,628,862,884]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" unit="m" value="160.0">
<quantity id="4CC32BA4F17CFFEF2C16FC92FDE9D233" box="[571,628,862,884]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" unit="m" value="160.0">160 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate box="[636,733,862,884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1993-11-14">
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<collectingDate id="EFC15969F17CFFEF2C51FC92FD40D233" box="[636,733,862,884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1993-11-14">
<date id="FF85A081F17CFFEF2C51FC92FD40D233" box="[636,733,862,884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1993-11-14">
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2C51FC92FD0ED233" box="[636,659,862,884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="14.0">14</number>
.xi.
<number box="[684,733,862,884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1993.0">1993</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2C81FC92FD40D233" box="[684,733,862,884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1993.0">1993</number>
</date>
</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName box="[741,831,862,884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">R. Jocqué</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F17CFFEF2CC8FC93FCA2D233" box="[741,831,862,884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">R. Jocqué</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744454" collectingDate="1994-11-12" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="R. Jocque" country="Ivory Coast" latitude="5.3333335" location="Adiopo Doume, Orstom" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-4.3333335" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" specimenCode="201103" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3">
<specimenCount box="[838,866,862,884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" type="female">
<number box="[838,850,862,884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="3.0">3</number>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF17CFFEF2D6BFC92FCB1D2CB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744454" collectingDate="1994-11-12" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="R. Jocque" country="Ivory Coast" latitude="5.3333335" location="Adiopo Doume, Orstom" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-4.3333335" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" specimenCode="201103" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3">
<specimenCount id="9D3D4DC8F17CFFEF2D6BFC92FCFFD233" box="[838,866,862,884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" type="female">
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2D6BFC92FCCFD233" box="[838,850,862,884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="3.0">3</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[877,946,862,884]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">MRAC</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F17CFFEF2D40FC92FC2FD233" box="[877,946,862,884]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">MRAC</collectionCode>
,
<specimenCode box="[954,1023,862,884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
<number box="[954,1023,862,884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="201103.0">201103</number>
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF17CFFEF2D97FC92FC62D233" box="[954,1023,862,884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2D97FC92FC62D233" box="[954,1023,862,884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="201103.0">201103</number>
</specimenCode>
),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F17CFFEF2FE9FD28FCDDD549:8EE4D09AF17CFFEF2A21FC92FE82D2CB" country="Ivory Coast" latitude="5.3333335" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-4.3333335" name="Adiopo Doume, Orstom" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Adiopo Doumé, Orstom</location>
<location id="8EE4D09AF17CFFEF2A21FC92FE82D2CB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F17CFFEF2FE9FD28FCDDD549:8EE4D09AF17CFFEF2A21FC92FE82D2CB" country="Ivory Coast" latitude="5.3333335" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-4.3333335" name="Adiopo Doume, Orstom" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Adiopo Doumé, Orstom</location>
,
<emphasis box="[295,316,887,908]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">ca</emphasis>
<geoCoordinate box="[320,382,886,908]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" precision="925" value="5.3333335">
<number box="[320,329,886,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="5.0">5</number>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F17CFFEF2F0AFCBBFEA1D2CB" box="[295,316,887,908]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">ca</emphasis>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FE086F17CFFEF2F6DFCBAFEE3D2CB" box="[320,382,886,908]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" precision="925" value="5.3333335">
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2F6DFCBAFED4D2CB" box="[320,329,886,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="5.0">5</number>
°
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<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2F7CFCBAFEF4D2CB" box="[337,361,886,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="20.0">20</number>
'N
</geoCoordinate>
:
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0FE086F17CFFEF2FACFCBAFE5AD2CB" box="[385,455,886,908]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" precision="925" value="-4.3333335">
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2FACFCBAFE10D2CB" box="[385,397,886,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="4.0">4</number>
°
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<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2FB9FCBAFE31D2CB" box="[404,428,886,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="20.0">20</number>
'W
</geoCoordinate>
, around buildings,
<collectingDate box="[620,716,886,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1994-11-12">
<date box="[620,716,886,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1994-11-12">
<number box="[620,642,886,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="12.0">12</number>
<collectingDate id="EFC15969F17CFFEF2C41FCBAFD51D2CB" box="[620,716,886,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1994-11-12">
<date id="FF85A081F17CFFEF2C41FCBAFD51D2CB" box="[620,716,886,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1994-11-12">
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2C41FCBAFD1FD2CB" box="[620,642,886,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="12.0">12</number>
.xi.
<number box="[667,716,886,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1994.0">1994</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2CB6FCBAFD51D2CB" box="[667,716,886,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1994.0">1994</number>
</date>
</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName box="[724,812,886,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">R. Jocqué</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F17CFFEF2CF9FCBBFCB1D2CB" box="[724,812,886,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">R. Jocqué</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744467" collectingDate="2005-11-25" collectingMethod="fogging" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="Jocque R., De Bakker D. &amp; Baert L" country="Ghana" latitude="5.3333335" location="Kakum forest" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-1.3833333" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" specimenCode="217937" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<collectingCountry box="[819,900,886,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">GHANA</collectingCountry>
<materialsCitation id="3B538C1CF17CFFEF2D1EFCBAFBA6D2E3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224744467" collectingDate="2005-11-25" collectingMethod="fogging" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="Jocque R., De Bakker D. &amp; Baert L" country="Ghana" latitude="5.3333335" location="Kakum forest" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-1.3833333" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" specimenCode="217937" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<collectingCountry id="F32CC6D1F17CFFEF2D1EFCBAFC19D2CB" box="[819,900,886,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">GHANA</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount box="[910,937,886,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" type="female">
<number box="[910,919,886,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1.0">1</number>
<specimenCount id="9D3D4DC8F17CFFEF2DA3FCBAFC34D2CB" box="[910,937,886,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" type="female">
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2DA3FCBAFC0AD2CB" box="[910,919,886,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1.0">1</number>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[948,1017,886,908]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">MRAC</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED2A1E84F17CFFEF2D99FCBAFC64D2CB" box="[948,1017,886,908]" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">MRAC</collectionCode>
,
<specimenCode box="[1024,1094,886,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
<number box="[1024,1094,886,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="217937.0">217937</number>
<specimenCode id="DB9D2E3AF17CFFEF2A2DFCBAFBDBD2CB" box="[1024,1094,886,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2A2DFCBAFBDBD2CB" box="[1024,1094,886,908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="217937.0">217937</number>
</specimenCode>
),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F17CFFEF2FE9FD28FCDDD549:8EE4D09AF17CFFEF2EBDFC42FE93D2E3" box="[144,270,910,932]" country="Ghana" latitude="5.3333335" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-1.3833333" name="Kakum forest" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Kakum forest</location>
<location id="8EE4D09AF17CFFEF2EBDFC42FE93D2E3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F17CFFEF2FE9FD28FCDDD549:8EE4D09AF17CFFEF2EBDFC42FE93D2E3" box="[144,270,910,932]" country="Ghana" latitude="5.3333335" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-1.3833333" name="Kakum forest" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Kakum forest</location>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[279,346,910,932]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" precision="925" value="5.3333335">
<number box="[279,289,910,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="5.0">5</number>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FE086F17CFFEF2F3AFC42FEC7D2E3" box="[279,346,910,932]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" precision="925" value="5.3333335">
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2F3AFC42FEBCD2E3" box="[279,289,910,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="5.0">5</number>
°
<number box="[298,324,910,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="20.0">20</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2F07FC42FED9D2E3" box="[298,324,910,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="20.0">20</number>
'N
</geoCoordinate>
:
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<number box="[349,356,910,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1.0">1</number>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FE086F17CFFEF2F70FC42FE3CD2E3" box="[349,417,910,932]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" precision="925" value="-1.3833333">
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2F70FC42FEF9D2E3" box="[349,356,910,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1.0">1</number>
°
<number box="[364,389,910,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="23.0">23</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2F41FC42FE18D2E3" box="[364,389,910,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="23.0">23</number>
'W
</geoCoordinate>
, primary forest,
<collectingMethod box="[567,640,910,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">fogging</collectingMethod>
<collectingMethod id="527AFE56F17CFFEF2C1AFC42FD1DD2E3" box="[567,640,910,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">fogging</collectingMethod>
,
<collectingDate box="[649,748,910,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="2005-11-25">
<date box="[649,748,910,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="2005-11-25">
<number box="[649,673,910,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="25.0">25</number>
<collectingDate id="EFC15969F17CFFEF2CA4FC42FD71D2E3" box="[649,748,910,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="2005-11-25">
<date id="FF85A081F17CFFEF2CA4FC42FD71D2E3" box="[649,748,910,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="2005-11-25">
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2CA4FC42FD3CD2E3" box="[649,673,910,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="25.0">25</number>
.xi.
<number box="[698,748,910,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="2005.0">2005</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2C97FC42FD71D2E3" box="[698,748,910,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="2005.0">2005</number>
</date>
</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName box="[757,1083,910,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Jocqué R., De Bakker D. &amp; Baert L</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26CEE397F17CFFEF2CD8FC42FBA6D2E3" box="[757,1083,910,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Jocqué R., De Bakker D. &amp; Baert L</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="181" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF17CFFEF2EBDFC7EFCDDD549" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B848641F17CFFEF2EBDFC7EFCDDD549" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
Distribution: This is a widespread central African species, known from Ivory Coast and Ghana (present data) in the west to Ethiopia in the east (Wesołowska &amp; Tomasiewicz
<number box="[144,203,1010,1038]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="2008.0">2008</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2EBDFC3EFF56D549" box="[144,203,1010,1038]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="2008.0">2008</number>
), and southward to Angola and Zambia (Wanless
<number box="[760,819,1010,1038]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1978.0">1978</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2CD5FC3EFCAED549" box="[760,819,1010,1038]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1978.0">1978</number>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

View file

@ -1,78 +1,78 @@
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201385" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114923612" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6201385" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F17CFFEF2FFBFDDAFBD9D3FF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03923757F17CFFEF2FFBFDDAFBD9D3FF" lastPageNumber="181" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
<subSubSection box="[470,777,533,560]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph box="[470,777,533,560]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
<heading box="[470,777,533,560]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" reason="1">
<treatment id="03923757F17CFFEF2FFBFDDAFBD9D3FF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201385" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114923612" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6201385" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923757F17CFFEF2FFBFDDAFBD9D3FF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03923757F17CFFEF2FFBFDDAFBD9D3FF" lastPageNumber="181" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" scope_family="Salticidae" scope_order="Araneae">
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF17CFFEF2FFBFDDAFC94D377" box="[470,777,533,560]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B848641F17CFFEF2FFBFDDAFC94D377" box="[470,777,533,560]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
<heading id="D0CC312DF17CFFEF2FFBFDDAFC94D377" box="[470,777,533,560]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" reason="1">
Genus
<taxonomicName authority="Karsch, 1878" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1878" box="[549,777,533,560]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[549,621,534,560]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Portia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F17CFFEF2C08FDDAFC94D377" ID-CoL="6V2D" authority="Karsch, 1878" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1878" box="[549,777,533,560]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F17CFFEF2C08FDDAFDF0D377" box="[549,621,534,560]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Portia</emphasis>
Karsch,
<number box="[721,777,534,560]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1878.0">1878</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2CFCFDDAFC94D377" box="[721,777,534,560]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1878.0">1878</number>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="181" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF17CFFEF2E87FDF1FBD9D3FF" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B848641F17CFFEF2E87FDF1FBD9D3FF" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">
The genus
<taxonomicName box="[289,361,574,600]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[289,361,574,600]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Portia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F17CFFEF2F0CFDF2FEF4D31F" box="[289,361,574,600]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F17CFFEF2F0CFDF2FEF4D31F" box="[289,361,574,600]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Portia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
consists of
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<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2FC5FDF2FD99D31F" box="[488,516,574,600]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="17.0">17</number>
described species (Platnick
<number box="[825,885,573,600]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="2009.0">2009</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2D14FDF1FCE8D31F" box="[825,885,573,600]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="2009.0">2009</number>
), distributed mostly in the Afrotropical and Oriental regions (Wanless 1978, 1984
<emphasis box="[794,808,606,632]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">a</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F17CFFEF2D37FD92FCB5D33F" box="[794,808,606,632]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">a</emphasis>
; Murphy &amp; Murphy
<number box="[1033,1090,605,632]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1983.0">1983</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2A24FD91FBDFD33F" box="[1033,1090,605,632]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1983.0">1983</number>
), but also in the southern regions of the Palaearctic region (Jastrzębski
<number box="[914,973,638,664]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1997.0">1997</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2DBFFDB2FC50D3DF" box="[914,973,638,664]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1997.0">1997</number>
; Song
<emphasis box="[1048,1097,637,664]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">et al</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F17CFFEF2A35FDB2FBD4D3DF" box="[1048,1097,637,664]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">et al</emphasis>
.
<number box="[144,204,669,696]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1999.0">1999</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2EBDFD51FF51D3FF" box="[144,204,669,696]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1999.0">1999</number>
). Here we provide new faunistic records for two Afrotropical species of
<taxonomicName box="[1014,1085,670,696]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1014,1085,670,696]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Portia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F17CFFEF2DDBFD52FBA0D3FF" box="[1014,1085,670,696]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F17CFFEF2DDBFD52FBA0D3FF" box="[1014,1085,670,696]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Portia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>

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@ -1,175 +1,175 @@
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<mods:title>New data on the jumping spiders of the subfamily Spartaeinae (Araneae: Salticidae) from Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="B473DBA59F6856C0DE38488FC3194AAA">New data on the jumping spiders of the subfamily Spartaeinae (Araneae: Salticidae) from Africa</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName box="[600,684,921,948]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[600,684,921,948]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="180">Meleon</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B94F5A53F17FFFEC2C75FC55FD31D2F3" box="[600,684,921,948]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="180">Meleon</emphasis>
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sp.
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Figs
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Material examined:
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:
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(
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,
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Ar
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),
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,
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°
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'N
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:
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°
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'E
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, swamp forest,
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<emphasis box="[181,307,1021,1043]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="180">Teclea nobilis</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B94F5A53F17FFFEC2E98FC31FEAED554" box="[181,307,1021,1043]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="180">Teclea nobilis</emphasis>
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, wet season,
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.vii.
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,
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.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="181" pageId="17" pageNumber="180">
<subSubSection id="C321D5CAF17FFFEF2E98FBEEFD39D0AF" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="181" pageId="17" pageNumber="180" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B848641F17FFFEF2E98FBEEFD39D0AF" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="181" pageId="17" pageNumber="180">
Comments: This ♀ cannot be reliably identified or described as a new species. On the basis of its copulatory organs (
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<figureCitation id="13009AC4F17FFFEC2C24FB8DFDC6D51B" box="[521,603,1089,1116]" captionStart="Figs 70 72" captionStartId="17.[181,221,1628,1650]" captionTargetBox="[196,1133,1193,1603]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[187,1147,1186,1607]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figs 70 72. Meleon sp. from Uganda, female: (70) epigyne, ventral view; (71) spermathecae, dorsal view; (72) ditto, dorsolateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." pageId="17" pageNumber="180">
Fig.
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), it is most close to, but clearly distinct from,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="180">M. solitaria</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F17FFFEC2A7AFB8FFDABD53B" authority="Wijesinghe 1994" authorityName="Wijesinghe" authorityYear="1994" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Meleon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F17FFFEC2A7AFB8FFE89D53B" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="180">M. solitaria</emphasis>
(
<emphasis box="[293,355,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="180">sensu</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F17FFFEC2F08FBAFFEFED53B" box="[293,355,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="180">sensu</emphasis>
Wijesinghe
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<number id="3DF39466F17FFFEC2FDCFBADFDB0D53B" box="[497,557,1121,1148]" pageId="17" pageNumber="180" value="1994.0">1994</number>
)
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. It can be easily distinguished from the ♀
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<typeStatus id="548038E3F17FFFEC2A3EFBADFBE8D53B" box="[1043,1141,1121,1148]" pageId="17" pageNumber="180">holotype</typeStatus>
of
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<emphasis box="[174,297,205,232]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">P. solitaria</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B94F5A53F17CFFEF2E83FF02FEB4D1AF" box="[174,297,205,232]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">P. solitaria</emphasis>
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by the ovoid shape of the spermathecae (cf.
<figureCitation box="[801,927,205,232]" captionStart="Figs 70 72" captionStartId="17.[181,221,1628,1650]" captionTargetBox="[196,1133,1193,1603]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[187,1147,1186,1607]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figs 70 72. Meleon sp. from Uganda, female: (70) epigyne, ventral view; (71) spermathecae, dorsal view; (72) ditto, dorsolateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Figs 71, 72</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13009AC4F17CFFEF2D0CFF01FC02D1AF" box="[801,927,205,232]" captionStart="Figs 70 72" captionStartId="17.[181,221,1628,1650]" captionTargetBox="[196,1133,1193,1603]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[187,1147,1186,1607]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figs 70 72. Meleon sp. from Uganda, female: (70) epigyne, ventral view; (71) spermathecae, dorsal view; (72) ditto, dorsolateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Figs 71, 72</figureCitation>
and figs
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Wijesinghe
<number box="[277,337,237,264]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1994.0">1994</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2F38FF21FECCD04F" box="[277,337,237,264]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1994.0">1994</number>
). However, the current conception of the latter species is based on the assumption that the ♀
<typeStatus box="[402,500,269,296]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">holotype</typeStatus>
<typeStatus id="548038E3F17CFFEF2FBFFEC1FE69D06F" box="[402,500,269,296]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">holotype</typeStatus>
of
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<emphasis box="[540,715,269,296]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Portia solitaria</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F17CFFEF2C31FEC2FD56D06F" box="[540,715,269,296]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F17CFFEF2C31FEC2FD56D06F" box="[540,715,269,296]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Portia solitaria</emphasis>
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from Zaire and the ♂
<typeStatus box="[974,1072,269,296]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">holotype</typeStatus>
<typeStatus id="548038E3F17CFFEF2DE3FEC1FBADD06F" box="[974,1072,269,296]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName authority="Wanless, 1978" authorityName="Wanless" authorityYear="1978" box="[144,477,301,328]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falsifera">
<emphasis box="[144,312,301,328]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Portia falsifera</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F17CFFEF2EBDFEE2FE40D00F" authority="Wanless, 1978" authorityName="Wanless" authorityYear="1978" box="[144,477,301,328]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falsifera">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F17CFFEF2EBDFEE2FEA5D00F" box="[144,312,301,328]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">Portia falsifera</emphasis>
Wanless,
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<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2F88FEE2FE40D00F" box="[421,477,302,328]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1978.0">1978</number>
</taxonomicName>
from Uganda belong to the same species (see Wijesinghe
<number box="[144,204,334,360]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1994.0">1994</number>
<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2EBDFE82FF51D02F" box="[144,204,334,360]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="1994.0">1994</number>
:
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<number id="3DF39466F17CFFEF2EF8FE81FF68D02F" box="[213,245,333,360]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" value="60.0">60</number>
). On the contrary, it is very likely that our ♀ from Uganda and the ♂
<typeStatus box="[1006,1104,333,360]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">holotype</typeStatus>
<typeStatus id="548038E3F17CFFEF2DC3FE81FBCDD02F" box="[1006,1104,333,360]" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName box="[173,293,365,392]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falsifera">
<emphasis box="[173,293,365,392]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">P. falsifera</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F17CFFEF2E80FEA2FEB8D0CF" box="[173,293,365,392]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falsifera">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F17CFFEF2E80FEA2FEB8D0CF" box="[173,293,365,392]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">P. falsifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belong to the same taxon. If so, the latter name should be revalidated and removed from the synonymy with
<taxonomicName box="[536,670,397,424]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis box="[536,670,397,424]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">M. solitaria</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F17CFFEF2C35FE42FD03D0EF" box="[536,670,397,424]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solitaria">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F17CFFEF2C35FE42FD03D0EF" box="[536,670,397,424]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">M. solitaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Thus, the studied ♀ belongs either to
<taxonomicName box="[144,275,429,456]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falsifera">
<emphasis box="[144,275,429,456]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">M. falsifera</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F17CFFEF2EBDFE62FE8ED08F" box="[144,275,429,456]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falsifera">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F17CFFEF2EBDFE62FE8ED08F" box="[144,275,429,456]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">M. falsifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or to a new species. The matter can be finally decided when a sample of
<taxonomicName box="[144,274,461,488]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falsifera">
<emphasis box="[144,274,461,488]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">M. falsifera</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3BFDC2F17CFFEF2EBDFE02FE8FD0AF" box="[144,274,461,488]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falsifera">
<emphasis id="B94F5A53F17CFFEF2EBDFE02FE8FD0AF" box="[144,274,461,488]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="181">M. falsifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with both sexes has been collected.
</paragraph>

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@ -1,49 +1,50 @@
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<emphasis id="B908D57B5A64FFEABBEEFB83CC0BFB81" box="[151,373,1026,1049]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Prostemma luteiceps</emphasis>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="157294006" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E5F140C488BC1F779F990B08B33C56E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E5F140C488BC1F779F990B08B33C56E" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName LSID="9604CAD0-1055-5518-A429-E70A2F6B78EF" authority="(Kunth) Trin. ex Steud., Nomencl. Bot. (ed. 2) 1: 251. 1840. Deyeuxia rigida Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.) 1: 144. 1815 [1816]. Arundo rigida (Kunth) Poir., Encycl. 4: 705. 1816." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis rigida" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rigida">Calamagrostis rigida (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud., Nomencl. Bot. (ed. 2) 1: 251. 1840. Deyeuxia rigida Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.) 1: 144. 1815[1816]. Arundo rigida (Kunth) Poir., Encycl. 4: 705. 1816.</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A general habit and a spikelet of Calamagrostis guamanensis Escalona, J. R. I. Wood 4064 (FMB), Calamagrostis heterophylla (Wedd.) Pilg., S. P. Sylvester 3158 (US), Calamagrostis pisinna Swallen, S. P. Sylvester 3107 (US), and Calamagrostis rigida (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud., S. P. Sylvester 3125 (US). Habit scale bar 5 cm; spikelet scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.122.33032.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305286" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Fig. 5 G, H</figureCitation>
<treatment id="0E5F140C488BC1F779F990B08B33C56E" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157294006" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E5F140C488BC1F779F990B08B33C56E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E5F140C488BC1F779F990B08B33C56E" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" scope_family="Poaceae">
<subSubSection id="9A0DBEBB030580CCFB845F797996A949" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B51D340B1692E672DEF8A6337FA2A8C" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="E27118EC6BB65E10C99E4E490DC39B00" ID-CoL="68V3G" LSID="9604CAD0-1055-5518-A429-E70A2F6B78EF" authority="(Kunth) Trin. ex Steud., Nomencl. Bot. (ed. 2) 1: 251. 1840. Deyeuxia rigida Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.) 1: 144. 1815 [1816]. Arundo rigida (Kunth) Poir., Encycl. 4: 705. 1816." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis rigida" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rigida">Calamagrostis rigida (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud., Nomencl. Bot. (ed. 2) 1: 251. 1840. Deyeuxia rigida Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.) 1: 144. 1815[1816]. Arundo rigida (Kunth) Poir., Encycl. 4: 705. 1816.</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="1A047A238967A021430E2591A48CF02C" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A general habit and a spikelet of Calamagrostis guamanensis Escalona, J. R. I. Wood 4064 (FMB), Calamagrostis heterophylla (Wedd.) Pilg., S. P. Sylvester 3158 (US), Calamagrostis pisinna Swallen, S. P. Sylvester 3107 (US), and Calamagrostis rigida (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud., S. P. Sylvester 3125 (US). Habit scale bar 5 cm; spikelet scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.122.33032.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305286" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Fig. 5 G, H</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Type.</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="A1C58A7F160886786836806FB95DC260" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="F35255F4483F42F3DD2E8EFE9313E389" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="AB1B5991BEA30E2F885C2D1A01C4D524" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Type.</emphasis>
ECUADOR. In planitie frigida Antisanae [inter speluncam, Machay de Antisana], et Chussulongo, 2200 hexap. (4023 m alt.)], Regni Quitensi [Pichincha], 1833, A.J.A. Bonpland 2271 [s.n.] (holotype: P (P00729827 [image!]); isotypes: BM (BM000938560 [image!]), GH (GH00023418 [image!]) fragm., LE (LE-TRIN-1804.01!) fragm. ex Herb. Humb., P (P00129585 [image!], P00740362 [image!], P026296 [image!]), US (US00406356!) fragm., W???).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<paragraph id="CD5E107EB6F603586FB4502722EE1A2F" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
=
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deyeuxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deyeuxia gracilis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilis">Deyeuxia gracilis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="C3A34044DAA9DD40D762D160E1747E36" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deyeuxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deyeuxia gracilis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilis">Deyeuxia gracilis</taxonomicName>
Wedd., Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 22: 179. 1875.
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis gracilis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilis">Calamagrostis gracilis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="50B51D2871F10CC420A70002006B3D80" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis gracilis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilis">Calamagrostis gracilis</taxonomicName>
(Wedd.) Pilg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42: 71. 1908.
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis gracilis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilis">Calamagrostis gracilis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="39E41D7A381B31A9BCCE1BDE3E8A45C1" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis gracilis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilis">Calamagrostis gracilis</taxonomicName>
(Wedd.) Henrard, Mede. Rijks-Herb. 40: 61. 1921, nom. illeg. hom. Type: BOLIVIA. Province de Larecaja, Cordillera de Sorata, 1851 [1857], Weddell s.n. (holotype: P (P00729786 [image!]); isotypes: P (P030111 [image!]), S (S-R-1458 [image!]), US (US00479086!, US00479087!)).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<paragraph id="680A59695F9E49A9868C9A89CFA77BF5" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
=
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deyeuxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deyeuxia sulcata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sulcata">Deyeuxia sulcata</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="016BD432F2FCEB5BD0FD957FEABE1EA9" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deyeuxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deyeuxia sulcata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sulcata">Deyeuxia sulcata</taxonomicName>
Wedd., Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 22: 178-180. 1875. Type: BOLIVIA. Prov. Larecaja, viciniis Sorata [Andes de Sorata], Puerta del Inca, prope trincheras Chiliata, in Scopulosos, Reg. Alp., 3800 m alt., Mar. [Apr.] 1858 [1868], G. Mandon 1308 bis. (holotype P; isotypes: GH (GH00023431 [image!]), JE (JE00014185 [image!]) fragm., L (L0044085 [image!], L0044083 [image!]), NY (NY380547 [image!]), P (P030105 [image!]), S (S-R-1469 [image!]), US (US00149252!) fragm.).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<paragraph id="EED6B0FA57E432E965ADDDA7C9F8B987" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
=
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis antoniana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antoniana">Calamagrostis antoniana</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="C70DC4184A5C5160C3152EB38C31FC78" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis antoniana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antoniana">Calamagrostis antoniana</taxonomicName>
Steud. ex Lechler, Berberid. Amer. Austr. 56. 1857, nom. nud.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<paragraph id="19AAD675A1AF1FA582D02670AEF51EA8" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
=
<taxonomicName authorityName="Griseb" authorityYear="1879" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Agrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Agrostis antoniana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antoniana">Agrostis antoniana</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="60C42DFA647157A2C5FD83E927277EE1" authorityName="Griseb" authorityYear="1879" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Agrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Agrostis antoniana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antoniana">Agrostis antoniana</taxonomicName>
Griseb., Abh.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Königl">Koenigl</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="AEF61B5DF0CBE4543EBD20B4DCB4C399" originalValue="Königl">Koenigl</normalizedToken>
. Ges. Wiss.
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<normalizedToken id="F4E773DBEE575F5C3E2296CDF5203EF7" originalValue="Göttingen">Goettingen</normalizedToken>
24: 293. 1879.
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis antoniana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antoniana">Calamagrostis antoniana</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="C16E940980202CC088B8DC55B5A17181" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis antoniana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antoniana">Calamagrostis antoniana</taxonomicName>
(Griseb.) Hack. ex
<normalizedToken originalValue="Dusén">Dusen</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="9B2914D6A8E8E3A440DDC25E9E2A50AF" originalValue="Dusén">Dusen</normalizedToken>
, Rep. Princeton Univ. Exp. Patagonia, Botany, Suppl. 8: 42. 1915.
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis antoniana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antoniana">Calamagrostis antoniana</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="7C941FBD70A3CFB66A50098CEF01AF9C" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis antoniana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antoniana">Calamagrostis antoniana</taxonomicName>
(Griseb.) Steud. ex Hitchc., Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 24(8): 378. 1927.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Parodi" authorityYear="1953" baseAuthorityName="Griseb." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deyeuxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deyeuxia antoniana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antoniana">Deyeuxia antoniana</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="AB3C26ECA84AB0BD8F6194A66BE62616" authorityName="Parodi" authorityYear="1953" baseAuthorityName="Griseb." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deyeuxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deyeuxia antoniana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antoniana">Deyeuxia antoniana</taxonomicName>
(Griseb.) Parodi, Revista Argent. Agron. 20: 14. 1953.
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis antoniana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antoniana">Calamagrostis antoniana</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="426B46854AAAFF362E74B23C048B7BB6" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis antoniana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antoniana">Calamagrostis antoniana</taxonomicName>
(Griseb.) D.M. Moore, Fl. Tierra del Fuego 310. 1983, comb. illeg. hom. Type: ARGENTINA: Salta: Umgebung des Nevado del Castillo [Alrededores del Nevado del Castillo], 10-13000 ft [3048-3962 m alt.], 19-23 Mar. 1873, P.G. Lorentz &amp; G.H.E.W. Hieronymus 67 + 72 (lectotype, designated here: GOET (GOET006107 [image!]); isolectotypes: GOET (GOET006106 [image!], GOET006108 [image!]); P.G. Lorentz &amp; G.H.E.W. Hieronymus 67 isolectotypes: BAA (BAA00001327 [image!]) fragm., CORD (CORD00004685 [image!], CORD00004686 [image!]); P.G. Lorentz &amp; G.H.E.W. Hieronymus 72 isolectotypes: BAA (BAA00001326 [image!]) fragm., CORD (CORD00004687 [image!], CORD00004688 [image!], CORD00004689 [image!]), K [cited by
<bibRefCitation author="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE" editor="Zuloaga, FO" journalOrPublisher="Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="180 - 218" refId="B33" refString="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, 2012. Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv. In: Zuloaga, FO, Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, Anton, AM, Eds., Flora Argentina. Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina: 180 - 218" title="Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv." volumeTitle="Flora Argentina." year="2012">
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<bibRefCitation id="66468B2B1FFA5564811E243F84081AFB" author="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE" editor="Zuloaga, FO" journalOrPublisher="Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="180 - 218" refId="B33" refString="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, 2012. Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv. In: Zuloaga, FO, Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, Anton, AM, Eds., Flora Argentina. Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina: 180 - 218" title="Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv." volumeTitle="Flora Argentina." year="2012">
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de Agrasar 2012
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: 208, but not seen], US (US00406312!, US00406404!)). Other original material: BOLIVIA [PERU]. Viciniis Sorata, prope Milipaya, in scopulosis, reg. alpina, 3700 m alt., Mar.-May 1861, G. Mandon 1308 (GOET (GOET006230 [image!])). PERU. In graminosis pr. San Antonio rara, Jun. [1854], [W. Lechler s.n.], W. Lechler Pl. Peruv. 1800 (BAA (BAA00001648 [image!]) fragm., BR (BR0000006865757 [image!]), G (G00099542 [image!], G00099543 [image!]), GOET (GOET006109 [image!]), K (K000308438 [image!]), LE (LE00009360 [image!], LE00009361 [image!]), M?, P (P00729795 [image!], P00729844 [image!], P00740472 [image!]), S (S-R-7637 [image!]), TUB (TUB009259 [image!]), US (US00131135!), W (W1889-0241764 [image!])).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<paragraph id="CF5243B4ED4A83EE22D9FE439BFE5CF1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
=
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pilg" authorityYear="1908" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis sandiensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sandiensis">Calamagrostis sandiensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="A4B70984704322CA574266D21CB58A68" authorityName="Pilg" authorityYear="1908" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis sandiensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sandiensis">Calamagrostis sandiensis</taxonomicName>
Pilg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42: 68. 1908. Type: PERU. Prope Cuyocuyo, provincia Sandia, 3700-3800 m alt., 3 May 1902, Weberbauer 906 (lectotype, designated by
<bibRefCitation author="Vega, AS" journalOrPublisher="Botanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="31 - 35" refId="B44" refString="Vega, AS, Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, 2013. Lectotypifications in taxa of the genera Calamagrostis, Deyeuxia, and Digitaria (Poaceae). Gayana. Botanica 70 (1): 31 - 35" title="Lectotypifications in taxa of the genera Calamagrostis, Deyeuxia, and Digitaria (Poaceae). Gayana." volume="70" year="2013">
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Vega and
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de Agrasar (2013
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: 28): MOL; isolectotypes: BAA (BAA00000768 [image!] fragm. ex B, S (S-R-834 [image!]), US (US00149279!) fragm.).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<paragraph id="25346EC70CFBCDFAA130AE88EC797255" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
=
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pilg" authorityYear="1925" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis gusindei" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gusindei">Calamagrostis gusindei</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="1E8FDAB3574FF165B6A6792CA574143C" authorityName="Pilg" authorityYear="1925" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis gusindei" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gusindei">Calamagrostis gusindei</taxonomicName>
Pilg. ex Skottsberg, Acta Horti Gothob. 2: 29. 1926.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Parodi" authorityYear="1953" baseAuthorityName="Pilg." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deyeuxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deyeuxia gusindei" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gusindei">Deyeuxia gusindei</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="84C50AB0D98A4A38692DF46AA37CBD01" authorityName="Parodi" authorityYear="1953" baseAuthorityName="Pilg." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deyeuxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deyeuxia gusindei" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gusindei">Deyeuxia gusindei</taxonomicName>
(Pilg ex Skottsb.) Parodi, Revista Argent. Agron. 20: 14. 1953. Type: CHILE. Feuerland, Beagle [Beagle Kanal, zwischen (between) Steinen am Ufer; Tierra del Fuego, Remolino, Canal de Beagle], Mar. 1923, P. Gusinde 40 (holotype: BG; isotypes: BAA (BAA00000761 [image!]) fragm., W (W1941-0001573 [image!])).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<paragraph id="22BAA11939A5CFC628C6BEB191665F6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
=
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hack ex Sodiro" authorityYear="1930" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deyeuxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deyeuxia crassifolia" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crassifolia">Deyeuxia crassifolia</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="A35387BB1BF4B864F4E210B9E9C6C955" authorityName="Hack ex Sodiro" authorityYear="1930" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deyeuxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deyeuxia crassifolia" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crassifolia">Deyeuxia crassifolia</taxonomicName>
Hack. ex Sodiro, Revista Col. Nac. Vicente Rocafuerte 12: 64, 73. 1930. Type: ECUADOR. Crece en los pajonales del Monte Pichincha, Sep. [Jun.] 1887 [1886], Sodiro 25/9 [s.n.] (holotype: Q; isotypes: QPSL, S (S-R-1457 [image!]), US (US00406342!), W (W1916-0038065 [image!], W1916-0038066 [image!])).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="24D8418D2CC1C0ECC7F8A8103EBB6E68" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="comments">
<paragraph id="46A9A64AF4F3023752BD12BF6B78CABD" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB8A6A770B829E51627206C546659C49" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
Previously considered to have its northernmost distribution in Ecuador (
<bibRefCitation author="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE" editor="Zuloaga, FO" journalOrPublisher="Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="180 - 218" refId="B33" refString="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, 2012. Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv. In: Zuloaga, FO, Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, Anton, AM, Eds., Flora Argentina. Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina: 180 - 218" title="Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv." volumeTitle="Flora Argentina." year="2012">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="05263DC7175B72ECCD19F7DE9B45ED13" author="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE" editor="Zuloaga, FO" journalOrPublisher="Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="180 - 218" refId="B33" refString="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, 2012. Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv. In: Zuloaga, FO, Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, Anton, AM, Eds., Flora Argentina. Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina: 180 - 218" title="Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv." volumeTitle="Flora Argentina." year="2012">
<normalizedToken id="015A43FEE633516BA37AC85557EE994E" originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
de Agrasar 2012
</bibRefCitation>
), although
<bibRefCitation author="Luteyn, JL" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B20" refString="Luteyn, JL, 1999. Paramos, a checklist of plant diversity, geographical distribution, and botanical literature. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 84: viii-xv, 1-278." title="Paramos, a checklist of plant diversity, geographical distribution, and botanical literature. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 84: viii-xv, 1 - 278." year="1999">Luteyn (1999)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="AD1D9F69FAFA599A1727D38F39CBD5D1" author="Luteyn, JL" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B20" refString="Luteyn, JL, 1999. Paramos, a checklist of plant diversity, geographical distribution, and botanical literature. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 84: viii-xv, 1-278." title="Paramos, a checklist of plant diversity, geographical distribution, and botanical literature. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 84: viii-xv, 1 - 278." year="1999">Luteyn (1999)</bibRefCitation>
mentions its presence in Costa Rica, this is the first record of
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. rigida" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="rigida">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. rigida</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FDB2F1DF3736A383653C5E1258147A61" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. rigida" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="rigida">
<emphasis id="4ABB57A410F2927E9672485CF2864A69" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. rigida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for Colombia. It has been erroneously determined as
<taxonomicName authorityName="Trin ex Steud" authorityYear="1840" baseAuthorityName="Kunth" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis recta" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="recta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis recta</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="66F1C1FE3A386BC3AFB7C3AD889E9BF4" authorityName="Trin ex Steud" authorityYear="1840" baseAuthorityName="Kunth" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis recta" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="recta">
<emphasis id="0894D7913F1416CDAE2E65AD6D3415FE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis recta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Kunth) Trin. ex Steud. The latter differs from
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. rigida" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="rigida">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. rigida</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4968D158DEEDA38C6AC798E9568DD17C" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. rigida" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="rigida">
<emphasis id="54057762CD9638E2EBA702429A220534" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. rigida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the rachilla hairs reaching up to
<normalizedToken originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="A3841BEDFB2D3C0BFAE2CCEB42DA0EA5" originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
the length of the lemma (as opposed to usually reaching to slightly surpassing the lemma apex in
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. rigida" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="rigida">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. rigida</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BCCAF0DA71C5249D42E0D62986263AF3" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. rigida" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="rigida">
<emphasis id="B5BC76335FCCD07D1EFC37FE0938DE69" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. rigida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the awns being generally longer (6.2-7.5 mm as opposed to 4-6 mm in
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. rigida" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="rigida">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. rigida</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9B6A1B36C6147BF30A1532669D1E3AD2" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. rigida" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="rigida">
<emphasis id="8D90693B0688953F7CC054FD91CF8661" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. rigida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and only slightly surpassing the glumes, the lemma apex being slightly bidentate (as opposed to bifid in
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. rigida" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="rigida">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. rigida</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B788198F825F465724E5768AA04AFE2D" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. rigida" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="rigida">
<emphasis id="15C6EAE92A31F456535E224D8BE9468B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. rigida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and the ligule being generally truncate and shorter, 1
<normalizedToken originalValue="5(">-5(-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="C4EC47819A8A791ACEECFE01ED93B0EC" originalValue="5(">-5(-</normalizedToken>
6.6) mm long (as opposed to long acuminate, (3
<normalizedToken originalValue=")8">-)8-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="850867219D177598F5E832FDEAC903E5" originalValue=")8">-)8-</normalizedToken>
12 mm long in
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. rigida" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="rigida">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. rigida</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A7C8347CC3228A7AC0AE93A0023CA0E5" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. rigida" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="rigida">
<emphasis id="2F51DEF6E5CF032819790FA98A5C004B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. rigida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), amongst other things.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<paragraph id="89E4E85A630277A912DD52D5F1DC34E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
There has been discrepancy regarding the typification of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Griseb" authorityYear="1879" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Agrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Agrostis antoniana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antoniana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Agrostis antoniana</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5DFF7F236D74C995C8E022FBC456ED87" authorityName="Griseb" authorityYear="1879" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Agrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Agrostis antoniana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antoniana">
<emphasis id="93CAC07E2C6850173C9AF87F319727A9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Agrostis antoniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with previous research (e.g.
<bibRefCitation author="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE" editor="Zuloaga, FO" journalOrPublisher="Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="180 - 218" refId="B33" refString="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, 2012. Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv. In: Zuloaga, FO, Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, Anton, AM, Eds., Flora Argentina. Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina: 180 - 218" title="Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv." volumeTitle="Flora Argentina." year="2012">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="8F9DC2F0ABDD7E76E4C8C935D177B910" author="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE" editor="Zuloaga, FO" journalOrPublisher="Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="180 - 218" refId="B33" refString="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, 2012. Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv. In: Zuloaga, FO, Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, Anton, AM, Eds., Flora Argentina. Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina: 180 - 218" title="Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv." volumeTitle="Flora Argentina." year="2012">
<normalizedToken id="A2B7AD2F0D9C4EB2886C091F397564DA" originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
de Agrasar 2012
</bibRefCitation>
) citing the specimen P.G. Lorentz and G.H.E.W. Hieronymus 72 housed at CORD herbarium from Argentina as holotype, while the protologue mentions this (although not explicitly giving collector and number) as well as three other collections: Spruce pl. ecuad. 5927 presumably from Ecuador, G. Mandon 1308 from Bolivia [Peru] and W. Lechler 1800 from Peru. A further specimen, P.G. Lorentz and G.H.E.W. Hieronymus 67, makes a total of at least five syntypes for this name, although the three GOET Lorentz and Hieronymus syntypes were annotated by Grisebach with &quot;67 + 72&quot;.
<bibRefCitation author="Hitchcock, AS" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the United States National Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="291 - 556" refId="B12" refString="Hitchcock, AS, 1927. The grasses of Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 24 (8): 291 - 556" title="The grasses of Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia." volume="24" year="1927">Hitchcock (1927)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="FD63FA35656D4C3B6EA41933B3D14CDE" author="Hitchcock, AS" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the United States National Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="291 - 556" refId="B12" refString="Hitchcock, AS, 1927. The grasses of Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 24 (8): 291 - 556" title="The grasses of Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia." volume="24" year="1927">Hitchcock (1927)</bibRefCitation>
gave a partial lectotypification by dictating the type as Lechler 1800, but did not indicate the herbarium. The Lechler 1800 specimen was distributed with the following label annotated by Hohenacker: &quot;W. Lechler Pl. Peruvian. Ed. R. F. Hohenacker 1800
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Calamagrostis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="C189588DD0FF85C0C86661DC12801FB8" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Calamagrostis</taxonomicName>
Antoniana Steud. Ipse [&quot;he himself said it&quot;]. In graminosis pr. San Antonio rara Jun. m.&quot;. As no annotations by Grisebach were found on any of the Lechler 1800, Mandon 1308 or Lorentz and Hieronymus 67 and 72 CORD specimens (Spruce pl. ecuad. 5927 specimens not found), with only Lechler 1800 specimens at P being verified by Steudel, we lectotypify to the best of the three GOET Lorentz and Hieronymus 67 + 72 syntypes annotated by Grisebach and consider syntypes Lorentz and Hieronymus 67 and Lorentz and Hieronymus 72 to be isolectotypes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Specimens Examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="69A7738F2BE21D933D580132B5CBB9E2" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="70F3A2168D83D0C41D54A26ABD826105" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Specimens Examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3A5A1BAC4A2F5D383BEDA616A749D29" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
COLOMBIA.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
<emphasis id="423AC11D4CC9606FAADE3E5642FA0601" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<normalizedToken id="0E49B8A2B13E4830C22095FB335DE884" originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Mun. Chiscas,
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="00166EB80612E6B212176AE1D1E5F36F" originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
de Chacaritas, asociado a rocas de 4 m de altura,
<geoCoordinate degrees="6" direction="north" minutes="37.3362" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="6.62227">6°37.3362'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="F664C44A86F40A495B3D4011CF8C990F" degrees="6" direction="north" minutes="37.3362" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="6.62227">6°37.3362'N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="23.424" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-72.3904">72°23.424'W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="A373C095E3892FC99EE08C8E43431395" degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="23.424" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-72.3904">72°23.424'W</geoCoordinate>
, 4192 m alt., 4 Mar. 2018, S.P. Sylvester, R.J. Soreng, W. Bravo &amp; L.E. Cuta 3119 (COL, FMB, US, UPTC); Mun. Chiscas,
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="11DFA44A4951EF11D10B36DAD9704948" originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
de Chacaritas, arribando a la morrena,
<geoCoordinate degrees="6" direction="north" minutes="37.0674" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="6.61779">6°37.0674'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="DAFE8F42811290FD0641DE2D97E88CAB" degrees="6" direction="north" minutes="37.0674" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="6.61779">6°37.0674'N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="23.3394" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-72.38899">72°23.3394'W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="FA209F579E7201A830EA2BFE9394198A" degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="23.3394" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-72.38899">72°23.3394'W</geoCoordinate>
, 4354 m alt., 4 Mar. 2018, S.P. Sylvester, R.J. Soreng, W. Bravo &amp; L.E. Cuta 3125 (COL, FMB, K, SI, UPTC, US); Mun. Chiscas,
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="0894204EA3F9E928ECDDE304574EE1D6" originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
de Chacaritas, arribando a la morrena,
<geoCoordinate degrees="6" direction="north" minutes="37.0674" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="6.61779">6°37.0674'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="35C3567E1E340A074E65EDA59F810AC3" degrees="6" direction="north" minutes="37.0674" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="6.61779">6°37.0674'N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="23.3394" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-72.38899">72°23.3394'W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="3777F2DDE446855A4DA07BCF16EE18FB" degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="23.3394" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-72.38899">72°23.3394'W</geoCoordinate>
, 4354 m alt., 4 Mar. 2018, S.P. Sylvester, R.J. Soreng, W. Bravo &amp; L.E. Cuta 3126 (US). Dep. Santander:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="0CA5EAC99699B767127DE5D829331EB1" originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
de la Angostura, Vereda El Mortino, Ubicada en borde de quebrada,
<geoCoordinate degrees="6" direction="north" minutes="57.5" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="6.9583335">6°57.5'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="E6A3E36F51412A15EF27C1A052137DDF" degrees="6" direction="north" minutes="57.5" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="6.9583335">6°57.5'N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="43.5" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-72.725">72°43.5'W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="1B051BCA684DD0D2172E641A9A2D6E4B" degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="43.5" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-72.725">72°43.5'W</geoCoordinate>
, 3605 m alt., 17 Nov. 2007, M.C. Gomez 1 (US).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

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<taxonomicName LSID="269D1B15-8CFC-50A2-8D0C-FB1191DA414E" authority="Swallen, Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 29 (6): 257 - 258. 1948 [1949]." authorityName="Swallen, Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 29 (6): 257 - 258. 1948" authorityYear="1949" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis pisinna" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pisinna">Calamagrostis pisinna Swallen, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29(6): 257-258. 1948[1949].</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A general habit and a spikelet of Calamagrostis guamanensis Escalona, J. R. I. Wood 4064 (FMB), Calamagrostis heterophylla (Wedd.) Pilg., S. P. Sylvester 3158 (US), Calamagrostis pisinna Swallen, S. P. Sylvester 3107 (US), and Calamagrostis rigida (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud., S. P. Sylvester 3125 (US). Habit scale bar 5 cm; spikelet scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.122.33032.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305286" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Fig. 5E, F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="6C015C87FAFA1462254395D4B21A49B6" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A general habit and a spikelet of Calamagrostis guamanensis Escalona, J. R. I. Wood 4064 (FMB), Calamagrostis heterophylla (Wedd.) Pilg., S. P. Sylvester 3158 (US), Calamagrostis pisinna Swallen, S. P. Sylvester 3107 (US), and Calamagrostis rigida (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud., S. P. Sylvester 3125 (US). Habit scale bar 5 cm; spikelet scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.122.33032.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305286" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Fig. 5E, F</figureCitation>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EE4A5CA9CBCDD818CD7D4DCD7BA301A4" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Type.</paragraph>
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Venezuela.
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: rocky ridges, higher paramos, near El Gavilon, 4200 m alt., 25 Jan. 1929, H. Pittier 13277-1/2 (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">lectotype, designated here</emphasis>
<emphasis id="ED45E883E0D30B2C3BFAC70E92BDA0B8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">lectotype, designated here</emphasis>
: US (US00149283! [A-two flowering culms are the type, B-on left side of sheet is unknown])).
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<paragraph id="099AFFE14F6E7ABDD08BE841D3E9FEF9" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Comments.</paragraph>
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Previously considered endemic to Venezuela (
<bibRefCitation author="Escalona, FD" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the United States National Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B6" refString="Escalona, FD, 1988a. Systematics of CalamagrostissectionDeyeuxia, subsection Stylagrostis, (Poaceae: Pooideae). PhD. Thesis, Iowa State University, U.S.A." title="Systematics of CalamagrostissectionDeyeuxia, subsection Stylagrostis, (Poaceae: Pooideae). PhD. Thesis, Iowa State University, U. S. A." year="1988 a">Escalona 1988a</bibRefCitation>
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) but specimens have been found in the Sierra Nevada del Cocuy of the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia. Specimen
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differed slightly from the species described from Venezuela in that the leaf blades were densely pilose and often found to be conduplicate (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A general habit and a spikelet of Calamagrostis guamanensis Escalona, J. R. I. Wood 4064 (FMB), Calamagrostis heterophylla (Wedd.) Pilg., S. P. Sylvester 3158 (US), Calamagrostis pisinna Swallen, S. P. Sylvester 3107 (US), and Calamagrostis rigida (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud., S. P. Sylvester 3125 (US). Habit scale bar 5 cm; spikelet scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.122.33032.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305286" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">5E, F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="B239C64F99486209045694C1B4C2CE8C" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A general habit and a spikelet of Calamagrostis guamanensis Escalona, J. R. I. Wood 4064 (FMB), Calamagrostis heterophylla (Wedd.) Pilg., S. P. Sylvester 3158 (US), Calamagrostis pisinna Swallen, S. P. Sylvester 3107 (US), and Calamagrostis rigida (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud., S. P. Sylvester 3125 (US). Habit scale bar 5 cm; spikelet scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.122.33032.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305286" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">5E, F</figureCitation>
). As only one flowering specimen was encountered of this morphotype and specimens being found growing out of fairly inaccessible crag ledges, more collections need to be made to ascertain whether this may be a distinct species. All specimens from the Sierra Nevada del Cocuy have a rachilla extension with hairs that reach or surpass the apex of the floret, while Venezuelan specimens have rachilla hairs which usually do not surpass the apex of the palea (
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).
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" author="Saarela, JM" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 139" refId="B35" refString="Saarela, JM, Bull, RD, Paradis, M, Ebata, SN, Peterson, PM, Soreng, RJ, Paszko, B, 2017. Molecular phylogenetics of cool-season grasses in the subtribes Agrostidinae, Anthoxanthinae, Aveninae, Brizinae, Calothecinae, Koeleriinae and Phalaridinae (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae, Poeae chloroplast group 1). PhytoKeys 87: 1 - 139, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" title="Molecular phylogenetics of cool-season grasses in the subtribes Agrostidinae, Anthoxanthinae, Aveninae, Brizinae, Calothecinae, Koeleriinae and Phalaridinae (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae, Poeae chloroplast group 1)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" volume="87" year="2017">Saarela et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="179DE42B347C8C7F2798FA98C23A7F31" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" author="Saarela, JM" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 139" refId="B35" refString="Saarela, JM, Bull, RD, Paradis, M, Ebata, SN, Peterson, PM, Soreng, RJ, Paszko, B, 2017. Molecular phylogenetics of cool-season grasses in the subtribes Agrostidinae, Anthoxanthinae, Aveninae, Brizinae, Calothecinae, Koeleriinae and Phalaridinae (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae, Poeae chloroplast group 1). PhytoKeys 87: 1 - 139, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" title="Molecular phylogenetics of cool-season grasses in the subtribes Agrostidinae, Anthoxanthinae, Aveninae, Brizinae, Calothecinae, Koeleriinae and Phalaridinae (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae, Poeae chloroplast group 1)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" volume="87" year="2017">Saarela et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
found one of the specimens of
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. pisinna</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="AA9ECF1F99797914DEE522BCD59C860A" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. pisinna" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pisinna">
<emphasis id="6228697A24878F3166398C5D6F8DC205" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. pisinna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that we cite here (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Cleef 8653</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9B1FC0E68C62268B152E2FC105FF638B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Cleef 8653</emphasis>
) to have an unusual placement in plastid analyses (no nuclear ribosomal data was obtained) as a basally diverging lineage in a moderately to strongly supported clade that also contained
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Lagurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lagurus ovatus" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="ovatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Lagurus ovatus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1AC6C01F2B1A56375C569A231DE9959F" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Lagurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lagurus ovatus" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="ovatus">
<emphasis id="0150E8C4EC23C0E1CCD7192093A9E1ED" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Lagurus ovatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="J.Presl" authorityYear="1830" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aveninae" subtribe="Aveninae">Aveninae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="F6DD5535A449B24CE9BFB8CC1004CEC0" authorityName="J.Presl" authorityYear="1830" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aveninae" subtribe="Aveninae">Aveninae</taxonomicName>
s.str., and
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Koeleriinae" subtribe="Koeleriinae">Koeleriinae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="7B9AF7B2251210D4FB21745DB008DC75" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Koeleriinae" subtribe="Koeleriinae">Koeleriinae</taxonomicName>
excluding
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. ovatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="ovatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">L. ovatus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CF28A925C1A47D9744C37457AA1825E3" lsidName="L. ovatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="ovatus">
<emphasis id="BB61B1777A85288182738A0EB90D6EC4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">L. ovatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, there is a phylogenetic discrepancy between matK and PsbK sequences reported by
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" author="Saarela, JM" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 139" refId="B35" refString="Saarela, JM, Bull, RD, Paradis, M, Ebata, SN, Peterson, PM, Soreng, RJ, Paszko, B, 2017. Molecular phylogenetics of cool-season grasses in the subtribes Agrostidinae, Anthoxanthinae, Aveninae, Brizinae, Calothecinae, Koeleriinae and Phalaridinae (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae, Poeae chloroplast group 1). PhytoKeys 87: 1 - 139, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" title="Molecular phylogenetics of cool-season grasses in the subtribes Agrostidinae, Anthoxanthinae, Aveninae, Brizinae, Calothecinae, Koeleriinae and Phalaridinae (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae, Poeae chloroplast group 1)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" volume="87" year="2017">Saarela et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="6DBF3EF4E3B0FD05C7E98AB900B02028" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" author="Saarela, JM" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 139" refId="B35" refString="Saarela, JM, Bull, RD, Paradis, M, Ebata, SN, Peterson, PM, Soreng, RJ, Paszko, B, 2017. Molecular phylogenetics of cool-season grasses in the subtribes Agrostidinae, Anthoxanthinae, Aveninae, Brizinae, Calothecinae, Koeleriinae and Phalaridinae (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae, Poeae chloroplast group 1). PhytoKeys 87: 1 - 139, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" title="Molecular phylogenetics of cool-season grasses in the subtribes Agrostidinae, Anthoxanthinae, Aveninae, Brizinae, Calothecinae, Koeleriinae and Phalaridinae (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae, Poeae chloroplast group 1)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" volume="87" year="2017">Saarela et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
for
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. pisinna" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pisinna">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. pisinna</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5B280B7D791617DFAC8629471129A1FE" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. pisinna" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pisinna">
<emphasis id="6938D0DAB78B7FD4856860023159EC14" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. pisinna</emphasis>
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that needs to be evaluated before any taxonomic conclusions can be drawn.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">There is a sterile tuft on the left side of the Pittier type sheet that is a different species and quite possibly a different genus, having acicular involute blades and longer acute ligules that are decurrent (p.p. b). Thus, we lectotypify to the two flowering tufts on the right side of the type sheet (p.p. a), which are identical and fit the description in the type protologue.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BCF004CCBEAD4104D95F278BE3A78C6D" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">There is a sterile tuft on the left side of the Pittier type sheet that is a different species and quite possibly a different genus, having acicular involute blades and longer acute ligules that are decurrent (p.p. b). Thus, we lectotypify to the two flowering tufts on the right side of the type sheet (p.p. a), which are identical and fit the description in the type protologue.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="6350CB72D4A843D7DF26A935920F844A" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7D7DA811904F1D41E30C6C29A84E814E" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="15C9280F4AE42ED0A44D5D1D04290D13" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
COLOMBIA.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
<emphasis id="8DCAC9EAF4955231D95073099E5F1C04" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<normalizedToken id="3636322F3884B67673CE775A6DC50D36" originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Mun. Chiscas,
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="CC69E540672C7D9A97CF66101077F061" originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
de Chacaritas, limit between
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="F5FFB0C2FE65EE997CB291310AF1845B" originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken originalValue="superpáramo">superparamo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="712ECFB65B1AE933D6331A71B57608FA" originalValue="superpáramo">superparamo</normalizedToken>
, growing out of rock ledge,
<geoCoordinate degrees="6" direction="north" minutes="37.6794" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="6.62799">6°37.6794'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="DF6C61CD3C26EE94006D68E3C57A7477" degrees="6" direction="north" minutes="37.6794" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="6.62799">6°37.6794'N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="23.6616" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-72.39436">72°23.6616'W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="60F8718E42F6B765C23A8DB19A01CDAC" degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="23.6616" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-72.39436">72°23.6616'W</geoCoordinate>
, 4072 m alt., 4 Mar. 2018, S.P. Sylvester, R.J. Soreng, W. Bravo &amp; L.E. Cuta 3107 (US); Sierra Nevada del Cocuy,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cóncavo">Concavo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="2EACAD9EFDFDD73B576BFBB000D8CE57" originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="4320410E73191B0BB549C2A635ADBC06" originalValue="Cóncavo">Concavo</normalizedToken>
, Cueva de los Hombres, 3 km N del Morro
<normalizedToken originalValue="Púlpito">Pulpito</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="51DF71B873EC4CB578DED2882C954978" originalValue="Púlpito">Pulpito</normalizedToken>
del Diablo, 4350 m alt., 28 Feb. 1973, A. Cleef 8610 (US-01234789); 4350 m alt., A. Cleef 8653 (US-01234736).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

View file

@ -1,106 +1,106 @@
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<taxonomicName LSID="6D046ED5-3111-5AEF-BE6E-6AEA414FEF3C" authority="(Wedd.) Hack. ex Sodiro, Gram. Ecuator. (Anal. Univ. Quito) 3 (25): 481. 1889. Deyeuxia spruceana Wedd., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 22: 178, 180. 1875. Deyeuxia toluccensis Munro ex Wedd., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 22: 180. 1875, nom. inval." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis spruceana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spruceana">Calamagrostis spruceana (Wedd.) Hack. ex Sodiro, Gram. Ecuator. (Anal. Univ. Quito) 3(25): 481. 1889. Deyeuxia spruceana Wedd., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 22: 178, 180. 1875. Deyeuxia toluccensis Munro ex Wedd., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 22: 180. 1875, nom. inval.</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="6685F576B99D6AAA59A746C39D874C4B" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="395E67796A9FF7DA2B4CCFD01D4F2268" ID-CoL="PCW7" LSID="6D046ED5-3111-5AEF-BE6E-6AEA414FEF3C" authority="(Wedd.) Hack. ex Sodiro, Gram. Ecuator. (Anal. Univ. Quito) 3 (25): 481. 1889. Deyeuxia spruceana Wedd., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 22: 178, 180. 1875. Deyeuxia toluccensis Munro ex Wedd., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 22: 180. 1875, nom. inval." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis spruceana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spruceana">Calamagrostis spruceana (Wedd.) Hack. ex Sodiro, Gram. Ecuator. (Anal. Univ. Quito) 3(25): 481. 1889. Deyeuxia spruceana Wedd., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 22: 178, 180. 1875. Deyeuxia toluccensis Munro ex Wedd., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 22: 180. 1875, nom. inval.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">ECUADOR. [without precise locality], 1859, Jameson s.n. [#59] (holotype: P (P00740364 [image!])).</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="4D76AFBD378835D4A79B3FE250EECABE" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="A3FE4E04BF659F8095A4E14B4D41DEA9" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8E68F9BD6ECF5C201A75A0C22B9DBDD7" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">ECUADOR. [without precise locality], 1859, Jameson s.n. [#59] (holotype: P (P00740364 [image!])).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="E745DD4EA27AD04A61C351CB1351C59A" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="comments">
<paragraph id="706A253CC76F6D426F75DC3E05D769BC" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7E82F1D27EB80897003C53153E28A8D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
Known only from the type collected in Ecuador, the identity of this taxon remains ambiguous.
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis spruceana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spruceana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis spruceana</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E5EC5C5543A58A6E0201992E512679B9" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis spruceana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spruceana">
<emphasis id="F4879BC6CC256BA4057A880F78DCAEC0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis spruceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bears similarities to
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. macrophylla" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="macrophylla">C. macrophylla</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="21782B840E9978C77583DFA6F04E5F7A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="6352632C7E919B29AAAED07A1A9F7AA4" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. macrophylla" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="macrophylla">C. macrophylla</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. secunda" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="secunda">C. secunda</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="83BE4441AB002FDC9921C4D2D837D251" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. secunda" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="secunda">C. secunda</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. macrostachya" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="macrostachya">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. macrostachya</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A3184DD56473214414EEB2F7BE0F1810" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. macrostachya" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="macrostachya">
<emphasis id="35C7DFA8C55468ACEAC57F834F636FEE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. macrostachya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to its open inflorescence, short hairs of the callus, rachilla hairs not reaching the apex of the palea and awn inserted slightly above the middle of the lemma (
<bibRefCitation author="Sodiro, L" journalOrPublisher="Revista del Colegio Nacional Vicente Rocafuerte" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="55 - 96" refId="B36" refString="Sodiro, L, 1930. Sertulae florae Ecuadorensis. Ser. 4. Gramineas Ecuatorianas, part 2. Revista del Colegio Nacional Vicente Rocafuerte 11 (40-41): 55 - 96" title="Sertulae florae Ecuadorensis. Ser. 4. Gramineas Ecuatorianas, part 2." volume="11" year="1930">Sodiro 1930</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="88563D118F1E9CEC77CECE10AF47FA8E" author="Sodiro, L" journalOrPublisher="Revista del Colegio Nacional Vicente Rocafuerte" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="55 - 96" refId="B36" refString="Sodiro, L, 1930. Sertulae florae Ecuadorensis. Ser. 4. Gramineas Ecuatorianas, part 2. Revista del Colegio Nacional Vicente Rocafuerte 11 (40-41): 55 - 96" title="Sertulae florae Ecuadorensis. Ser. 4. Gramineas Ecuatorianas, part 2." volume="11" year="1930">Sodiro 1930</bibRefCitation>
: 70; Zulma
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="8B1DA3385D50CE43E98F7F9E893FE74F" originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
de Agrasar, pers. comm.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

View file

@ -1,183 +1,183 @@
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Type.</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="5C8A22F9A6AEA784AFEE407158D9CBDF" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="D71955320194DD54F939F4546E8507FA" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="CA41D9384D4F110EF8773D0FD71CFF72" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Type.</emphasis>
PERU. In montanis Andinum Peruvianorum prope Guangamarca, 1250 hexap. [2286 m], 1833, Bonpland s.n. (holotype: P (P00729787 [image!]); isotype: BAA (BAA00001855 [image!]) fragm. ex P, P (P030106 [image!]) fragm., LE (LE-TRIN-1801.01!) fragm. ex Herb. Willd. 176).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<paragraph id="56E036FCCCE04327839CD8EFED4AB839" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
=
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pilg" authorityYear="1898" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deyeuxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deyeuxia pubescens" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pubescens">Deyeuxia pubescens</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="51B173753E47071F3A05BF3A8EDCF1EE" authorityName="Pilg" authorityYear="1898" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deyeuxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deyeuxia pubescens" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pubescens">Deyeuxia pubescens</taxonomicName>
Pilg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 25(5): 712. 1898, syn. nov.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pilg" authorityYear="1908" baseAuthorityName="Pilg" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis pubescens" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pubescens">Calamagrostis pubescens</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="D62406F201BB494814EFD5ECE14D6A4B" authorityName="Pilg" authorityYear="1908" baseAuthorityName="Pilg" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis pubescens" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pubescens">Calamagrostis pubescens</taxonomicName>
(Pilg.) Pilg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42: 60. 1908, syn. nov. Type: COLOMBIA. [Crescit in monte ignivomo Pasto]
<normalizedToken originalValue="Volcán">Volcan</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="DABE9E8F97E2C2BDE55F57E3A96F23D9" originalValue="Volcán">Volcan</normalizedToken>
de Pasto, 3400 m alt., 9 Dec. 1869,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Stübel">Stuebel</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="48093CCF7142A84B8C5635699C85BE27" originalValue="Stübel">Stuebel</normalizedToken>
389b (lectotype, designated by
<bibRefCitation author="Vega, AS" journalOrPublisher="Botanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="31 - 35" refId="B44" refString="Vega, AS, Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, 2013. Lectotypifications in taxa of the genera Calamagrostis, Deyeuxia, and Digitaria (Poaceae). Gayana. Botanica 70 (1): 31 - 35" title="Lectotypifications in taxa of the genera Calamagrostis, Deyeuxia, and Digitaria (Poaceae). Gayana." volume="70" year="2013">
<bibRefCitation id="9B770E191F99A5F1D4B3AFEFB9449841" author="Vega, AS" journalOrPublisher="Botanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="31 - 35" refId="B44" refString="Vega, AS, Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, 2013. Lectotypifications in taxa of the genera Calamagrostis, Deyeuxia, and Digitaria (Poaceae). Gayana. Botanica 70 (1): 31 - 35" title="Lectotypifications in taxa of the genera Calamagrostis, Deyeuxia, and Digitaria (Poaceae). Gayana." volume="70" year="2013">
Vega and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="3DCBEA70D37C9C321B9A38F6C432EA8E" originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
de Agrasar (2013
</bibRefCitation>
: 28): BAA (BAA00000811 [image!]) fragm. ex B; isolectotype: US (US00406355!) fragm. ex B).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<paragraph id="369412A8247FCF3ACAA7298AAF5C9445" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
=
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hack" authorityYear="1902" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis pittieri" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pittieri">Calamagrostis pittieri</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="36F1E6FA426FA340E30084916DE3F209" authorityName="Hack" authorityYear="1902" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis pittieri" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pittieri">Calamagrostis pittieri</taxonomicName>
Hack., Oesterr. Bot. Z. 52(3): 108. 1902, syn. nov. Type: COSTA RICA. Cerro de Buena Vista, pres du sommit, [prope cacumen, Valle du General], 3100 m alt., 19 Jan. 1891, Pittier s.n. Pl. Costaric. Exs. 3359 (holotype: W (W19160029198 [image!]); isotypes: B, BR (BR0000006865702 [image!]), BAA (BAA00000766 [image!]) fragm. ex B).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hack" authorityYear="1902" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis pittieri" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pittieri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis pittieri</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="6B3704033E88810DE79F75A3BA2BD9B8" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="comments">
<paragraph id="B005E5C5E60C6BDFE613FCA164B94555" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84921732853A6E7DD567EEF170AAE876" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="FCFC8F004F1F919078434A6BB8B2F46C" authorityName="Hack" authorityYear="1902" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis pittieri" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pittieri">
<emphasis id="46EA0C27B70AAADB12132FBFD9ACD715" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis pittieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, recorded for Costa Rica, Colombia and Venezuela (
<bibRefCitation author="Morales-Quiros, JF" editor="Hammel, BE" journalOrPublisher="Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 93 (3)" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="598 - 821" refId="B21" refString="Morales-Quiros, JF, 2003. Poaceae. In: Hammel, BE, Grayum, MH, Herrera-Mora, C, Zamora-Villalobos, N, Eds., Manual of Plants of Costa Rica. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 93(3): 598 - 821" title="Poaceae." volumeTitle="Manual of Plants of Costa Rica." year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="91AC63AC865F36B3A01FF6142A8C3265" author="Morales-Quiros, JF" editor="Hammel, BE" journalOrPublisher="Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 93 (3)" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="598 - 821" refId="B21" refString="Morales-Quiros, JF, 2003. Poaceae. In: Hammel, BE, Grayum, MH, Herrera-Mora, C, Zamora-Villalobos, N, Eds., Manual of Plants of Costa Rica. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 93(3): 598 - 821" title="Poaceae." volumeTitle="Manual of Plants of Costa Rica." year="2003">
Morales
<normalizedToken originalValue="Quirós">Quiros</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="259BB8DA02858969D615D23D4ECB4A77" originalValue="Quirós">Quiros</normalizedToken>
2003
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Hokche, O" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the United States National Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B13" refString="Hokche, O, Berry, PE, Huber, O, 2008. (2008) Nuevo Catalogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela. Fundacion Instituto Botanico de Venezuela, Caracas, 1-859." title="(2008) Nuevo Catalogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela. Fundacion Instituto Botanico de Venezuela, Caracas, 1 - 859." year="2008">Hokche et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="91FC0F68785AC37B13952C5F2A4C8930" author="Hokche, O" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the United States National Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B13" refString="Hokche, O, Berry, PE, Huber, O, 2008. (2008) Nuevo Catalogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela. Fundacion Instituto Botanico de Venezuela, Caracas, 1-859." title="(2008) Nuevo Catalogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela. Fundacion Instituto Botanico de Venezuela, Caracas, 1 - 859." year="2008">Hokche et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Giraldo-Canas, D" journalOrPublisher="Darwiniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="139 - 247" refId="B9" refString="Giraldo-Canas, D, 2011. Catalogo de la familia Poaceae en Colombia. Darwiniana 49: 139 - 247" title="Catalogo de la familia Poaceae en Colombia." volume="49" year="2011">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Giraldo-Cañas">Giraldo-Canas</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="9EF73802ADC8E6387F00294BFBBB191E" author="Giraldo-Canas, D" journalOrPublisher="Darwiniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="139 - 247" refId="B9" refString="Giraldo-Canas, D, 2011. Catalogo de la familia Poaceae en Colombia. Darwiniana 49: 139 - 247" title="Catalogo de la familia Poaceae en Colombia." volume="49" year="2011">
<normalizedToken id="B33B7959017E812E24626B68EFBF0530" originalValue="Giraldo-Cañas">Giraldo-Canas</normalizedToken>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Giraldo-Canas, D" journalOrPublisher="Darwiniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B10" refString="Giraldo-Canas, D, 2013. Las gramineas en Colombia: riqueza, distribucion, endemismo, invasion, migracion, usos y taxonomias populares. Biblioteca Jose Jeronimo Triana No. 26, 1-382." title="Las gramineas en Colombia: riqueza, distribucion, endemismo, invasion, migracion, usos y taxonomias populares. Biblioteca Jose Jeronimo Triana No. 26, 1 - 382." year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="87A7A0AB4BE29CF89F7E1018264B1DB2" author="Giraldo-Canas, D" journalOrPublisher="Darwiniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B10" refString="Giraldo-Canas, D, 2013. Las gramineas en Colombia: riqueza, distribucion, endemismo, invasion, migracion, usos y taxonomias populares. Biblioteca Jose Jeronimo Triana No. 26, 1-382." title="Las gramineas en Colombia: riqueza, distribucion, endemismo, invasion, migracion, usos y taxonomias populares. Biblioteca Jose Jeronimo Triana No. 26, 1 - 382." year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Giraldo-Canas, D" editor="Bernal, R" journalOrPublisher="2. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota D. C." pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="2127 - 2205" refId="B11" refString="Giraldo-Canas, D, Londono, X, Clark, LG, 2016. Poaceae. In: Bernal, R, Gradstein, SR, Celis, M, Eds., Catalogo de plantas y liquenes de Colombia, vol. 2. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota D.C.: 2127 - 2205" title="Poaceae." volumeTitle="Catalogo de plantas y liquenes de Colombia, vol." year="2016">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Giraldo-Cañas">Giraldo-Canas</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="DFDCE39C5422AA7EA23E337D9601D838" author="Giraldo-Canas, D" editor="Bernal, R" journalOrPublisher="2. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota D. C." pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="2127 - 2205" refId="B11" refString="Giraldo-Canas, D, Londono, X, Clark, LG, 2016. Poaceae. In: Bernal, R, Gradstein, SR, Celis, M, Eds., Catalogo de plantas y liquenes de Colombia, vol. 2. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota D.C.: 2127 - 2205" title="Poaceae." volumeTitle="Catalogo de plantas y liquenes de Colombia, vol." year="2016">
<normalizedToken id="205FB27F1991A14BDB9A4990D81CF0ED" originalValue="Giraldo-Cañas">Giraldo-Canas</normalizedToken>
et al. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
) is synonymised under
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis planifolia" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="planifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis planifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4ABAC474D32E34BD00A27D9DAA94C383" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis planifolia" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="planifolia">
<emphasis id="7983981CAB28970CEACD6F2154F084C7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis planifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as no satisfactory characteristics were found to separate the two. Both have spikelets with florets bearing a pilose rachilla extension with hairs reaching from
<normalizedToken originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="15B8F4F70F625D1507F0C7351C2840FD" originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
to passing the apex of the lemma, an awn inserted in the upper half of the lemma, 2 anthers that usually are short, ca. 1-1.4 mm long and leaf blades that are usually flat (sometimes drying convolute) with variable indumentum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pilg" authorityYear="1908" baseAuthorityName="Pilg" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis pubescens" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pubescens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis pubescens</emphasis>
<paragraph id="A823D12BC5428B0AC3C69A588909D864" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="1065D0C85CDB69D8B48F8052A8A26A5B" authorityName="Pilg" authorityYear="1908" baseAuthorityName="Pilg" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis pubescens" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pubescens">
<emphasis id="320F178F5E09FC56E1CB07A7DFA58F82" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis pubescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was considered an endemic species to Colombia (
<bibRefCitation author="Giraldo-Canas, D" journalOrPublisher="Darwiniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B10" refString="Giraldo-Canas, D, 2013. Las gramineas en Colombia: riqueza, distribucion, endemismo, invasion, migracion, usos y taxonomias populares. Biblioteca Jose Jeronimo Triana No. 26, 1-382." title="Las gramineas en Colombia: riqueza, distribucion, endemismo, invasion, migracion, usos y taxonomias populares. Biblioteca Jose Jeronimo Triana No. 26, 1 - 382." year="2013">
<bibRefCitation id="B3673662D532BC5B9F824ED867C19FDD" author="Giraldo-Canas, D" journalOrPublisher="Darwiniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B10" refString="Giraldo-Canas, D, 2013. Las gramineas en Colombia: riqueza, distribucion, endemismo, invasion, migracion, usos y taxonomias populares. Biblioteca Jose Jeronimo Triana No. 26, 1-382." title="Las gramineas en Colombia: riqueza, distribucion, endemismo, invasion, migracion, usos y taxonomias populares. Biblioteca Jose Jeronimo Triana No. 26, 1 - 382." year="2013">
Giraldo-
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cañas">Canas</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="C29E0C5ABED0719186BDB2327DA44E93" originalValue="Cañas">Canas</normalizedToken>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
) and only known from the type specimen that was collected in southern Colombia from hills surrounding Pasto of departamento Narino. The B holotype was destroyed during World War II, with fragments only remaining at BAA and US. The BAA fragment consists of spikelets whose size and characteristics match
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. planifolia" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="planifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. planifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="16D9E636CF246E779C1C010AE37D517F" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. planifolia" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="planifolia">
<emphasis id="09101BD8AF83CDACC9CAE0E0AFBAB71D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. planifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Zulma
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="26D78D199C16B75A5E38DCCF013A9107" originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
de Agrasar, pers. comm.), and the description of vegetative characteristics in the protologue also matches
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. planifolia" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="planifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. planifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3DAEA26E7B5C0E8B8E47C37DA3A3BB57" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. planifolia" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="planifolia">
<emphasis id="5E61424C47755F29720090700CFE41FF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. planifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and so we consider
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. pubescens" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pubescens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. pubescens</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CF38F1402D707528BEA5C73BC890311D" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. pubescens" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pubescens">
<emphasis id="9E6CC53FB51DFE667000127A493762C2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. pubescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a synonym of
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. planifolia" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="planifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. planifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="447ABABE41AD31688BFE8F02BB2E54BC" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. planifolia" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="planifolia">
<emphasis id="4213FA47559F11C9095E3ECED751A991" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. planifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Nevertheless, further study is needed for the
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. planifolia" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="planifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. planifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0A4E61BADF540BA68636C63BE649E8D5" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. planifolia" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="planifolia">
<emphasis id="12F9A2BBA8F14C527590BA16BA929964" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. planifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex in Colombia and there are certain crucial characters, such as number of stamens that need to be verified in these taxa. The
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. pubescens" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pubescens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. pubescens</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="91FD52A808F542F353DE17FF2DC9EB44" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. pubescens" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pubescens">
<emphasis id="27820490C2A962FE5811824BF2930A0E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. pubescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
BAA fragment lacked anthers (Zulma
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="4C1284AC1F5787E134DDDBFDC388127F" originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
de Agrasar, pers. comm.) and
<bibRefCitation author="Pilger, RKF" journalOrPublisher="Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="709 - 721" refId="B26" refString="Pilger, RKF, 1898. Plantae Stuebelianae novae, Gramineae. Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 25 (5): 709 - 721" title="Plantae Stuebelianae novae, Gramineae." volume="25" year="1898">Pilger (1898</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="7A0587C7943A41260279D1F247DFE4BD" author="Pilger, RKF" journalOrPublisher="Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="709 - 721" refId="B26" refString="Pilger, RKF, 1898. Plantae Stuebelianae novae, Gramineae. Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 25 (5): 709 - 721" title="Plantae Stuebelianae novae, Gramineae." volume="25" year="1898">Pilger (1898</bibRefCitation>
: 712) did not describe them.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

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@ -1,118 +1,118 @@
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&quot;
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<paragraph id="25A8F8C8D7C3EADAE2A6D16FFBB11F95" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="57C4CB816C5CF49BE13E0FB8AE587BD4" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
This taxon was first noted as &quot;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis chaseae</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="A316C60703B114080BC3D3665405D056" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis chaseae</emphasis>
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auct., non Luces&quot; by
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[2001]: 56) and subsequently called &quot;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B4829323371158DE92D007150CFD9763" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
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sp. A&quot; in the Flora of Guaramacal (Venezuela): Monocotyledons (
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) but its identity remains ambiguous and needs further study. The species habit is noted as stoloniferous, a habit not known from
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="7F24F96AF21225ED8CCEAA26CB4E28F2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
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or
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="ED8F903FD7A9308B99A0F72A4F534A87" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4F87DFE3AFF727DCD67FD89B671CA608" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia</emphasis>
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, which are tufted or very-short rhizomatous and tussock-forming. The mention of short spikelets (3-4.4 mm long), florets (appearing to) almost reach or equal the length of the glumes and 1-veined upper glumes in the brief description by
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: 221) makes it possible that this taxon belongs to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Scribner &amp; Merrill" authorityYear="1910" baseAuthorityName="Grisebach" class="Monocots" family="Poaceae" genus="Podagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Podagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Podagrostis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="98DBA20C39A6E817F385D78CF92DE378" authorityName="Scribner &amp; Merrill" authorityYear="1910" baseAuthorityName="Grisebach" class="Monocots" family="Poaceae" genus="Podagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Podagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="868E9958C3D4B373627731947763A73F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Podagrostis</emphasis>
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or
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Agrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Agrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Agrostis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="523C17B5038D207BF976E67E306BF37E" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Agrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Agrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BF8412D014BE4C2F425B8FF28B7C9E9A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Agrostis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, although mention of a puberulent callus and presence of a fairly long awn (3.5-6 mm long) makes it less likely that this species is a
<taxonomicName authorityName="Scribner &amp; Merrill" authorityYear="1910" baseAuthorityName="Grisebach" class="Monocots" family="Poaceae" genus="Podagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Podagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Podagrostis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="51C8DBAF1F391E85934012B1E45F5773" authorityName="Scribner &amp; Merrill" authorityYear="1910" baseAuthorityName="Grisebach" class="Monocots" family="Poaceae" genus="Podagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Podagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="30C99A6BFDA9C36ED6395594217BEFDF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Podagrostis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>

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@ -1,84 +1,84 @@
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152042310" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6A4B92F8F6CD1FA1B2F2F03526619A6F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6A4B92F8F6CD1FA1B2F2F03526619A6F" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="22" pageNumber="45">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Promalactis_dimolybda" authority="Meyrick, 1935" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1935" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Promalactis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Promalactis dimolybda" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimolybda">Promalactis dimolybda Meyrick, 1935</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection id="10DD06FBFB6707AF26D635955ED22DCD" pageId="22" pageNumber="45" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="548993A332C7B83D0450C67160C580D1" pageId="22" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicName id="86150914CEFE2250562CDFF55B7ECA4C" ID-CoL="4MSBZ" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Promalactis_dimolybda" authority="Meyrick, 1935" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1935" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Promalactis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Promalactis dimolybda" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimolybda">Promalactis dimolybda Meyrick, 1935</taxonomicName>
Figs 153038
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="45" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Promalactis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Promalactis dimolybda" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimolybda">Promalactis dimolybda</taxonomicName>
<subSubSection id="1FE191FFB71DD82C93CEDE9B9F8B1404" pageId="22" pageNumber="45" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="2664FE965A8ACEFEC75E3A1A813D13B1" pageId="22" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicName id="10059B4147D2D8F094D5D455F7BB3725" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Promalactis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Promalactis dimolybda" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimolybda">Promalactis dimolybda</taxonomicName>
Meyrick, 1935: 78. Type locality: China (Tien-Mu-Shan).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="45" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="45">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="45">China,Zhejiang Province: 2 ♂, 33 ♀, Mt. Fengyang, Lishui City, 1470 m, 2530.VII.2007, coll. Qing Jin. Fujian Province: 19 ♀, Guadun, Mt. Wuyi, 1100 m, 28.VII2.VIII.2008, coll. Weichun Li, Yongling Sun &amp; Haiyan Bai. Hubei Province: 1 ♀, Houhe, Wufeng County, 1100 m, 11.VII.1999, coll. Houhun Li et al., genitalia slide Nos. W00106 ♀, ZL08133 ♂, DZH08042 ♀, DZH08043 ♀, DZH08044 ♂, DZH08046 ♀, DZH12039 ♀, DZH12040 ♀, DZH12112 ♀ (NKU); Sichuan Province: 3 ♂, 3 ♀, Wanniansi, Mt. Emei, 14.VI.1979, genitalia slide Nos. DZH12007 ♀, DZH12008 ♂, DZH12041 ♂ (IOZ).</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="CF36037203F12DD3A5FE006A20A259BD" pageId="22" pageNumber="45" type="material examined">
<paragraph id="EADFE2F4CB0BD15C19FB5895D94C9AB4" pageId="22" pageNumber="45">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="483032C8FD77D2B573DB4F52A237AB9E" pageId="22" pageNumber="45">China,Zhejiang Province: 2 ♂, 33 ♀, Mt. Fengyang, Lishui City, 1470 m, 2530.VII.2007, coll. Qing Jin. Fujian Province: 19 ♀, Guadun, Mt. Wuyi, 1100 m, 28.VII2.VIII.2008, coll. Weichun Li, Yongling Sun &amp; Haiyan Bai. Hubei Province: 1 ♀, Houhe, Wufeng County, 1100 m, 11.VII.1999, coll. Houhun Li et al., genitalia slide Nos. W00106 ♀, ZL08133 ♂, DZH08042 ♀, DZH08043 ♀, DZH08044 ♂, DZH08046 ♀, DZH12039 ♀, DZH12040 ♀, DZH12112 ♀ (NKU); Sichuan Province: 3 ♂, 3 ♀, Wanniansi, Mt. Emei, 14.VI.1979, genitalia slide Nos. DZH12007 ♀, DZH12008 ♂, DZH12041 ♂ (IOZ).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="45" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="45">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="45">
<subSubSection id="5B319DCE2ABEDD2D925C8ED16AE2FE80" pageId="22" pageNumber="45" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D300AA451F9486F465E563C54B1CE074" pageId="22" pageNumber="45">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="16C985269BBF0AEB59B9B07E6EC5CDE6" pageId="22" pageNumber="45">
This species is similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Promalactis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Promalactis taibaiensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taibaiensis">Promalactis taibaiensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="28688C4594F65A8BA5542562B9098D68" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Promalactis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Promalactis taibaiensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taibaiensis">Promalactis taibaiensis</taxonomicName>
Wang, Zheng &amp; Li, 1997, but can be separated by the aedeagus with two apical spines and two cornuti in the male genitalia; the ductus bursae concave ventrally at middle on posterior margin and membranous between posterior 3/53/4, and the signum with small distinct or indistinct teeth on posterior end in the female genitalia. In
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Promalactis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Promalactis taibaiensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taibaiensis">Promalactis taibaiensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="C1CBF4532BAEB4DEFB06BBAEE409DE0E" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Promalactis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Promalactis taibaiensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taibaiensis">Promalactis taibaiensis</taxonomicName>
, the aedeagus has four apical spines and one cornutus; the ductus bursae is slightly convex ventrally on posterior margin and entirely sclerotized, and the signum has dense teeth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="22" pageNumber="45" type="redescription">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="45">Redescription.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="22" pageNumber="45">
<subSubSection id="C20027AEB6E72F9048B9AF9421FAC66D" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="22" pageNumber="45" type="redescription">
<paragraph id="3EFBBB048BDDDF0D7FF176A984B9D122" pageId="22" pageNumber="45">Redescription.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D10B14CC66BC8AB89A026FA7B0D3C3F4" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="22" pageNumber="45">
Adult (Fig. 15). Wingspan 9.511.5 mm. Head with vertex shining white, frons shining leaden grey, occiput yellowish brown. Labial palpus with basal
<pageBreakToken pageId="23" pageNumber="46" start="start">and</pageBreakToken>
<pageBreakToken id="ED092497993D1A344D6E4887A0FE9E88" pageId="23" pageNumber="46" start="start">and</pageBreakToken>
second segments yellow, third segment dark brown, almost same length as second. Antenna with scape white; flagellum white and black on dorsal surface, dark brown on ventral surface. Thorax and tegula ochreous brown. Forewing ground colour ochreous yellow; a narrow white fascia from costal 1/4 to dorsal 2/5, its inner margin edged with dense black scales, area ochreous brown from inner margin to base; a broad dark grey fascia at 3/5, tinged with black scales, its inner margin straight, outer margin sinuate; a wedge-shaped dark grey fascia from apex of costal margin along termen to end of fold, tinged with black scales; a narrow dark grey band along dorsal margin between two dark fasciae and connected them; cilia yellow, dark grey along distal part of costal margin, grey along distal part of dorsal margin. Hindwing and cilia dark grey.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="46">Male genitalia (Fig. 30). Uncus nearly bell shaped, broad at base, gradually narrowed to 3/5, distal 2/5 slender, rounded at apex, laterally with setae. Gnathos tongue shaped, about 2/3 length of uncus, distal 1/2 scobinate, apex broadly rounded; lateral arm short, band shaped, about 1/3 length of gnathos. Tegumen branched from posterior 1/2, very narrow anteriorly. Valva narrowed and setose distally, apex narrowly rounded and directing dorsad; costa sinuate, concave at base and before apex, projected at middle. Sacculus narrow, slightly concave at basal 3/5 on dorsal margin, distal 2/5 setose; distal 1/5 free, serrate dorsally; apex pointed, directing dorsad, not reaching end of valva. Saccus slender, rod-like, slightly broader at base, rounded at apex, almost as long as valva. Juxta weakly sclerotized, short, with a small, slender awl-shaped basal process; lateral lobes broad, irregularly quadrate, rounded at apex, reaching middle of tegumen. Aedeagus gently curved, dilated distally, with two curved, basally joined distal spines; two joined or separate, spine-like cornuti present at middle: one very small, the other larger, sometimes deciduate.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="46">Female genitalia (Fig. 38). Apophysis anterioris stronger than and about 1/2 length of apophysis posterioris. Ductus bursae about twice length of corpus bursae, posterior margin ventrally concave at middle and protruded laterally, posterior 3/5 sclerotized and sinuate, with some spinules at posterior 3/5, posterior 3/53/4 membranous and expanded, anterior 1/4 sclerotized, curved in semi-volute or sinuate; ductus seminalis arising from posterior 2/3 of ductus bursae. Corpus bursae rounded; signum small, nearly oval or rhombic, with small distinct or indistinct teeth on posterior end.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6238C72A643D28C6298957E67F0DEDA9" pageId="23" pageNumber="46">Male genitalia (Fig. 30). Uncus nearly bell shaped, broad at base, gradually narrowed to 3/5, distal 2/5 slender, rounded at apex, laterally with setae. Gnathos tongue shaped, about 2/3 length of uncus, distal 1/2 scobinate, apex broadly rounded; lateral arm short, band shaped, about 1/3 length of gnathos. Tegumen branched from posterior 1/2, very narrow anteriorly. Valva narrowed and setose distally, apex narrowly rounded and directing dorsad; costa sinuate, concave at base and before apex, projected at middle. Sacculus narrow, slightly concave at basal 3/5 on dorsal margin, distal 2/5 setose; distal 1/5 free, serrate dorsally; apex pointed, directing dorsad, not reaching end of valva. Saccus slender, rod-like, slightly broader at base, rounded at apex, almost as long as valva. Juxta weakly sclerotized, short, with a small, slender awl-shaped basal process; lateral lobes broad, irregularly quadrate, rounded at apex, reaching middle of tegumen. Aedeagus gently curved, dilated distally, with two curved, basally joined distal spines; two joined or separate, spine-like cornuti present at middle: one very small, the other larger, sometimes deciduate.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="50D8B47821456BC10D3F66C9D74DC021" pageId="23" pageNumber="46">Female genitalia (Fig. 38). Apophysis anterioris stronger than and about 1/2 length of apophysis posterioris. Ductus bursae about twice length of corpus bursae, posterior margin ventrally concave at middle and protruded laterally, posterior 3/5 sclerotized and sinuate, with some spinules at posterior 3/5, posterior 3/53/4 membranous and expanded, anterior 1/4 sclerotized, curved in semi-volute or sinuate; ductus seminalis arising from posterior 2/3 of ductus bursae. Corpus bursae rounded; signum small, nearly oval or rhombic, with small distinct or indistinct teeth on posterior end.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="46" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="46">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="46">China (Fujian, Hubei, Sichuan, Zhejiang).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="46">Note. Themale is described for the first time.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="2E71146A210CD9102E1CA7B0AB62CA2D" pageId="23" pageNumber="46" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="ACCA177963E0BACD247FD7F7298F847D" pageId="23" pageNumber="46">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="98A2302191131CF1B206C8980D7653CE" pageId="23" pageNumber="46">China (Fujian, Hubei, Sichuan, Zhejiang).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="050ACA28D2524214372BCB35EF4B0616" pageId="23" pageNumber="46">Note. Themale is described for the first time.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<mods:title>Paramo Calamagrostis s. l. (Poaceae): An updated list and key to the species known or likely to occur in paramos of NW South America and southern Central America including two new species, one new variety and five new records for Colombia</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="8A6261E1ABE605C2CA8038B006736608">Paramo Calamagrostis s. l. (Poaceae): An updated list and key to the species known or likely to occur in paramos of NW South America and southern Central America including two new species, one new variety and five new records for Colombia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Bravo-Pedraza, William J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Cuta-Alarcon, Lia E.</mods:namePart>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A general habit and a spikelet of Calamagrostis guamanensis Escalona, J. R. I. Wood 4064 (FMB), Calamagrostis heterophylla (Wedd.) Pilg., S. P. Sylvester 3158 (US), Calamagrostis pisinna Swallen, S. P. Sylvester 3107 (US), and Calamagrostis rigida (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud., S. P. Sylvester 3125 (US). Habit scale bar 5 cm; spikelet scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.122.33032.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305286" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Fig. 5 A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="1BC518B95A7C05246CCDB760B337BC68" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A general habit and a spikelet of Calamagrostis guamanensis Escalona, J. R. I. Wood 4064 (FMB), Calamagrostis heterophylla (Wedd.) Pilg., S. P. Sylvester 3158 (US), Calamagrostis pisinna Swallen, S. P. Sylvester 3107 (US), and Calamagrostis rigida (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud., S. P. Sylvester 3125 (US). Habit scale bar 5 cm; spikelet scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.122.33032.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305286" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Fig. 5 A, B</figureCitation>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EEF216C92E0A984550242140667D2FB8" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AF3CE2F741DBA9816111F11B84A0BB6B" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
ECUADOR. Napo: [road Quito-Baeza at the telecomunication antenna, N of the Guamani paramo, in the oriental Andes,
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], 4260 m alt., 3 Mar. 1985, [grass forming loose tufts in cushion plants of
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], F.D. Escalona &amp; Gallegos 390 (holotype: ISC; isotypes: K!, MO (MO115961), QCA, US!, VEN).
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<paragraph id="B8B7D7E397944C19E9C7FE16F6D678FB" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2B31E5FD9417196D21F7575988A0F1E2" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
Previously considered endemic to Ecuador (
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).
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Specimen examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0CFE8904EE6F4746ABA477DD106D721F" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Specimen examined.</paragraph>
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COLOMBIA.
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: Mun. Pasto, Volcan Galeras, frequent growing in cushion plants and similar damp protected places at high altitudes in base high
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,
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;
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, 4000 m alt., 29 Nov. 1983, J.R.I Wood 4064 (FMB, K).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figure 5.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="EFED69ED3B0602D3A2607DD5006F23FB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figure 5.</emphasis>
A general habit and a spikelet of
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis guamanensis</emphasis>
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Escalona, J.R.I. Wood 4064 (FMB),
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(Wedd.) Pilg., S.P. Sylvester 3158 (US),
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Swallen, S.P. Sylvester 3107 (US), and
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis rigida</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="97C8361A37E5BE1AB946C2AA50A49958" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis rigida" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rigida">
<emphasis id="1AD63FC871034826C339E88DED887014" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis rigida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Kunth) Trin. ex Steud., S.P. Sylvester 3125 (US). Habit scale bar 5 cm; spikelet scale bar 1 mm.
</paragraph>

View file

@ -1,293 +1,293 @@
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<taxonomicName LSID="6C6A8A00-6598-5ED5-A050-32827968A02B" authority="(Pilg.) Saarela, PhytoKeys 87: 90. 2017. Deyeuxia podophora (Pilg.) Sodiro, Rev. Col. Nac. Vicente Rocafuerte 11: 79. 1930. Calamagrostis podophora Pilg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42 (1): 66. 1908." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia podophora" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="podophora">Deschampsia podophora (Pilg.) Saarela, PhytoKeys 87: 90. 2017. Deyeuxia podophora (Pilg.) Sodiro, Rev. Col. Nac. Vicente Rocafuerte 11: 79. 1930. Calamagrostis podophora Pilg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42 (1): 66. 1908.</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="9540716619F156EDFF72C678EF5A3208" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="CB45C13CED2C8A055403272FC4A13EE4" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EB40D071F2A1D4204405CD387C634C7B" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
PERU.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Junín">Junin</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="4300686A9180BB8F99B07263F103B8AB" originalValue="Junín">Junin</normalizedToken>
: Berge Westlich von Huacapistana [Prov. Tarma, in montibus prope Huacapistana ad occid. in stepposis], 3500 m alt., 18 Jan. 1903, A. Weberbauer 2231 (lectotype, designated by
<bibRefCitation author="Vega, AS" journalOrPublisher="Botanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="31 - 35" refId="B44" refString="Vega, AS, Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, 2013. Lectotypifications in taxa of the genera Calamagrostis, Deyeuxia, and Digitaria (Poaceae). Gayana. Botanica 70 (1): 31 - 35" title="Lectotypifications in taxa of the genera Calamagrostis, Deyeuxia, and Digitaria (Poaceae). Gayana." volume="70" year="2013">
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Vega and
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de Agrasar (2013
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: 28): BAA (BAA00000767 [image!]) fragm. ex B; isolectotype: US (US00149282!)).
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Tufted perennial</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="527497096192DA3A24CF3919FA059F15" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph id="5289401E3239B20CFF2D23F0E2D52989" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1D268376A243418EDC95C749FDA6C199" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="9DD41FA1B42B7DF6518B44302333ABD0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Tufted perennial</emphasis>
with vertical rhizomes forming short solitary tufts to medium-sized tussocks, with leaf blades mostly basal with inflorescences usually greatly exerted from basal foliage or both basal and cauline with some cauline blades often surpassing the inflorescence.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Tillers</emphasis>
<emphasis id="85DAC0609D9C08441E5877BCE1EB1165" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Tillers</emphasis>
intravaginal.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Culms</emphasis>
<emphasis id="D4DAA265E3CEF4450202131C15B16C25" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Culms</emphasis>
20
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<normalizedToken id="DF1F89C992AB7B9963FE8D9B36F0E656" originalValue="75(">-75(-</normalizedToken>
110) cm tall, to 3 mm wide, erect, striate, nodes and internodes terete, smooth and lustrous; nodes hidden in the sheaths with no nodes exposed at flowering; uppermost internodes 20-32.5 cm long, as long or longer than the sheath.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Sheaths</emphasis>
<emphasis id="333C5F6FA375B693CE652248C0B2537E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Sheaths</emphasis>
striate;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">flag leaf sheaths</emphasis>
<emphasis id="F9DC25D88893DE2B3066EFDF899A8D62" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">flag leaf sheaths</emphasis>
22-38 cm long;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">upper culm sheaths</emphasis>
<emphasis id="5168B3CABD1399394197A6A064699ADB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">upper culm sheaths</emphasis>
lax, glabrous and smooth;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">basal leaf sheaths</emphasis>
<emphasis id="D4E3C221A6E8E1FC6A1E2C3E241F1353" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">basal leaf sheaths</emphasis>
4.5-20 cm long, longer than the internodes, glabrous and smooth.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Ligules</emphasis>
<emphasis id="69F8479A5B423EC76FA64DBC61D10262" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Ligules</emphasis>
not stipulate;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">upper culm ligules</emphasis>
<emphasis id="D83BB6230CB07BB1888B62D74A376B19" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">upper culm ligules</emphasis>
7.5-22 mm long, strongly decurrent with the sheaths, long acuminate, membranous to slightly coriaceous, without notable lateral keels, apices entire, erose or narrowly bifid, sometimes fimbriate, abaxial surface smooth;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">ligules of innovations</emphasis>
<emphasis id="067CF568E237677F4CA703324EC7AB2C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">ligules of innovations</emphasis>
4
<normalizedToken originalValue="15(">-15(-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="3F79B57162BFF1ED98DD1CE928E10634" originalValue="15(">-15(-</normalizedToken>
20) mm long, slightly to strongly and broadly decurrent with the sheaths, long acuminate, membranous to slightly coriaceous, lateral keels sometimes notable, apices entire or a narrow bifid point, sometimes slightly erose, abaxial surface smooth or sometimes slightly scabrous at the apex.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Leaf blades</emphasis>
<emphasis id="ABC566F995BC68C3674945396BEEB76D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Leaf blades</emphasis>
(2.5
<normalizedToken originalValue=")5">-)5-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="CC90187E35E882B589172EF0014737EB" originalValue=")5">-)5-</normalizedToken>
22 cm long, 0.6-7 mm wide when opened out, flat, conduplicate or involute/convolute and filiform and cylindrical to subelliptical in outline, sometimes opening out to become flat at their apices, straight and erect to slightly curved, glabrous, isomorphic or more or less dimorphic, when dimorphic those of the innovations filiform and cylindrical to subelliptic in outline while those of the upper flowering culm are usually wider and flat, conduplicate or convolute towards the apices, abaxially smooth, adaxially smooth or lightly scaberulous along the veins, sometimes becoming densely scabrous towards the apex, edges smooth or slightly scaberulous, veins usually pronounced, numerous and tightly packed, apex obtuse to slightly pungent;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">flag leaf blades</emphasis>
<emphasis id="AFBCB1A0F047B350006143FDB1F8127A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">flag leaf blades</emphasis>
2.9-6 cm long, 2-7 mm wide when opened out.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Panicles</emphasis>
<emphasis id="6C676AC1BAFF017AECD3568702BBED93" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Panicles</emphasis>
10-25 cm long, 3-8 cm wide, open to slightly condensed, oval, greenish-purple with spikelets tending to be laxly glomerate on the distal half of the inflorescence branches with the proximal half usually lacking spikelets, largely exerted to moderately included in the uppermost sheath and/or blade;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">main panicle axis</emphasis>
<emphasis id="819EF5E203E2F7BAD881784882161AEA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">main panicle axis</emphasis>
terete to slightly compressed, usually with a narrow groove running down both sides, glabrous, smooth to lightly scaberulous, internodes tending to be long, lower internode 3-11.5 cm long;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">panicle branches</emphasis>
<emphasis id="F0A61BB5A595C4B2C68BDFB90BD55802" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">panicle branches</emphasis>
1.5-8 cm long, bearing 10 to over 50 spikelets per branch, flexuous, spreading, pendulous or divergent at a 45° angle to slightly ascending, verticillate in clusters of 2 or 3, terete or slightly grooved, glabrous, almost smooth to scabrous;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">pedicels</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C4B3EB2FD9D922AD76B9A5551D90FDD1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">pedicels</emphasis>
0.5-2.5 mm long, usually shorter than the spikelets, glabrous, lightly to densely scabrous.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Spikelets</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A36270A33E7E9B0F792CAA69079053C3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Spikelets</emphasis>
1-flowered, sometimes with a rudimentary floret at the apex of the rachilla that appears like a slightly broader section of the rachilla covered in sparse diminute hairs, not strongly laterally compressed, disarticulating above the glumes with the florets disarticulating from the apex of the extended rachilla internode, this remaining attached to the glumes.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Glumes</emphasis>
<emphasis id="3E5FAFE01CDBCF5AFBBAA47AE3D399D9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Glumes</emphasis>
3.5-5.5 mm long, subequal, the lower glume 0.2-0.6 mm shorter than the upper glume, lanceolate, membranous, purplish-green, lustrous, smooth or sometimes lightly scabrous throughout the keel of the upper glume;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">lower glumes</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C5B817B4F42996ADA6944F37C6BC5D7D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">lower glumes</emphasis>
1-veined, apex acuminate or bidentate, less frequently finely denticulate or erose;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">upper glumes</emphasis>
<emphasis id="28B0567D3F46F1F8301B4C2CD908D3C6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">upper glumes</emphasis>
3-veined, lateral veins either short &lt;
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="1A31D0DDA8D2E6CB76FFF4DBA8F85B1C" originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
length of glume or reaching from
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="7ED23B74BC6DA521E96B42CBF668745A" originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
to 2/3 the length of the glume, apex usually acuminate, sometimes finely denticulate.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Floret</emphasis>
<emphasis id="290110842EBF343AAA0024C08F0AC33E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Floret</emphasis>
stipitate, much shorter than the glumes, never passing the apex of the lower glume.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Lowermost rachilla internode</emphasis>
<emphasis id="02D57A5E982C3F80EC1F3820FD5BFE77" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Lowermost rachilla internode</emphasis>
0.4-0.7 mm long, prolonged between the glumes and the floret, often slightly geniculate at its apex and bent in a ca. 30°-45° angle, slightly dilated at its apex, usually glabrous, less often with a few long hairs ca. 0.7 mm long emerging from it, smooth.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Lemmas</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B2014291AC2F628DEBA11C2C5F6F8FEF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Lemmas</emphasis>
2.4-3.5 mm long, of the same consistency as the glumes, light green with purple tinges towards apex, becoming golden at maturity, glabrous, smooth with the keel apex rarely scaberulous, apex truncate and denticulate, usually with 4 clearly distinguished teeth, 0.3-0.5 mm long and erose between the teeth, 5-veined, veins not evident; awns 1.5-4 mm long, sometimes absent, inserted in the middle or lower third of the lemma, usually as long as the lemma or passing the glume apex by as much as 1.5 mm.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Paleas</emphasis>
<emphasis id="AB3387261CA936563F601D8440C47F17" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Paleas</emphasis>
0.5-0.8 mm shorter than the lemma, of the same consistency and colour, keels sparsely scabrous and notable, apex bidentate or 4-dentate.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Callus</emphasis>
<emphasis id="362BCD003D00D5AE8C99184C5D978583" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Callus</emphasis>
rounded, short, with a basal tuft of hairs 0.5-2.2 mm long, reaching from 1/3 the length of the lemma to almost the lemma apex.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Rachilla</emphasis>
<emphasis id="7427100D4E73ECED195ED8463C582287" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Rachilla</emphasis>
1.5-2.5 mm long, reaching from 2/3 to 4/5 the length of the lemma, with copious short to medium-sized hairs 0.5-1.4 mm long, the hairs reaching from 4/5 to sometimes passing the apex of the lemma, apex of rachilla sometimes clavate.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Lodicules</emphasis>
<emphasis id="84190CB29AEB6A4E4C5E8C4FB54E3AD7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Lodicules</emphasis>
2, ca. 0.5 mm long, membranous, acute.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Stamens</emphasis>
<emphasis id="2466D40438B80B5D73F19E731A15D8F0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Stamens</emphasis>
3, anthers (0.7
<normalizedToken originalValue=")1.2">-)1.2-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="4CFC668CBE8610F02BC8BEBA539CCB40" originalValue=")1.2">-)1.2-</normalizedToken>
1.9 mm long.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Ovary</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A81C95B052339EB8C87D6F0A72F6B246" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Ovary</emphasis>
ca. 0.5 mm long, small, styles 2, stigmas plumose, short.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Caryopses</emphasis>
<emphasis id="14044BA7943494E940A206A9543ACC9B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Caryopses</emphasis>
1-1.4 mm long, dorsally slightly gibbose, surcus not noticeable, embryo short, hilum basal, oval;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">endosperm</emphasis>
<emphasis id="BDF29CE9F6C5663477C5CFD121FFFDF0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">endosperm</emphasis>
dry.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="80655D434D60D3E3D5953799C8E4B92E" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="322A25687AC723C47254ADEE1B550B5D" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E3B052CAA51E7B006FAC80E9AC313125" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela. The ecology of this species is distinct compared to many
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9F7803231E05E9A9451C7C98154FD054" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0991D30DD6DC99F6D40553919821CAF6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s.l. species as it is usually found in very damp, swamp-like conditions by the side of high-elevation lakes or watercourses in Andean
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="552F8352C047D97CAF2E51542AA6AFE9" originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
or jalca vegetation, less often in humid open
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="C49D85918CEC40AAF09635A331F25FD7" originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="81C89BACB2F105F98CE879A5506DEB19" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="5D4EA9E5AABE53A9D8894ACBC7F28B73" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C128C5ED00BFDD26507BFCAF0DA913FA" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
COLOMBIA.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
<emphasis id="845374F5EC6A19E4A9EDB3F424019DAA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<normalizedToken id="0DC46DD7304BB5E416E5B8A2743296FB" originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Below Las Playas de Ritacuba in the Cocuy mountains above Guican, on the banks of a fast-flowing stream coming off the snow fields and passing through thinly vegetated moraine covered country, 4100 m alt., 24 Jun. 1984, J.R.I. Wood 4457 (K).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Cauca</emphasis>
<emphasis id="4FCA8D5B5AB0142F590C7A8C6446251A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Cauca</emphasis>
: Purace National Park, Laguna de San Rafael, in open boggy
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="CF43405CDF097F46A3AF7E6CDCB2EFFC" originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
in the lake basin, particularly in banks by ditches, 3300 m alt., 6 Apr. 1985, J.R.I. Wood 4803 (K); Volcan Purace, above Pilimbala, frequent in bog pools in high
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="ADE8E655DC23583065779E448E044BBC" originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
, 3700-4000 m alt., 5 Apr. 1985, J.R.I. Wood 4787 (K).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<paragraph id="CE247E5C215B494CB58CE66D47F41D67" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
ECUADOR.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Pichincha</emphasis>
<emphasis id="AB63E7D5AF5BFAC2FA351D34BA1C0F7F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Pichincha</emphasis>
: road Olmedo-Laguna San Marcos, W of the pass, 0°5'N; 78°1-2'W, 3600 m alt., 10 Jul. 1980, B.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Øllgaard">Ollgaard</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="91EE0D514AE3ACF7C0AF098284E517CD" originalValue="Øllgaard">Ollgaard</normalizedToken>
et al. 34406 (K); Along road to Refugio, Volcan Cayembe,
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="A9E7CE40ED2FD9F63332551702C88008" originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
and swamp,
<geoCoordinate degrees="00" direction="south" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-0.06666667">00°04'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="2881311C358D1F4C012B57EA41915410" degrees="00" direction="south" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-0.06666667">00°04'S</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="77" direction="west" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.9">77°54'W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="17711107F12EAFCD43D5619EB62F81D2" degrees="77" direction="west" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.9">77°54'W</geoCoordinate>
, 4300 m alt., 2 Mar. 1988, S. Renvoize 70510 (K).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Napo</emphasis>
<emphasis id="969AC52986AF39D0013E004DDFCCEEFF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Napo</emphasis>
: Eastern Cordillera, Llanganati Mountains, by Lake Aucacocha, on stream sides in bog, forming large tussocks up to 20 cm across, 3750 m alt., 16 Aug. 1969, P.J. Edwards 127 (K); Eastern Cordillera, Llanganati Mountains, by Lake Aucacocha, growing in the wettest area of the bog, in clusters of tufts, sheath bases submerged in peat, 3700 m alt., Aug. 1969, P.J. Edwards 62 (K).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia podophora" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="podophora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia podophora</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="ECA3294AA87E15F6E8693CA6F143DEFC" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="notes">
<paragraph id="2EA7A8CC119BB02D65FF52C61ABC6AFD" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="73298F07835986C8F73D27058A637FDA" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="6D043544987BC99BD9FF2EE60458A38E" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia podophora" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="podophora">
<emphasis id="DF7E0786C66D165BA4F3A08B24567BC1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia podophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been traditionally treated as belonging to
<taxonomicName authority="subsect. Stylagrostis" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="subsect." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" subsection="Stylagrostis">Calamagrostis subsect. Stylagrostis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="C4F44CBB13E9C07464C1C191E55AE71A" authority="subsect. Stylagrostis" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="subsect." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" subsection="Stylagrostis">Calamagrostis subsect. Stylagrostis</taxonomicName>
due to the presence of an extended rachilla internode between the glumes and the floret.
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia podophora" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="podophora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia podophora</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="91B91E4BA17916980CF10EFB6C8EA52D" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia podophora" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="podophora">
<emphasis id="814857F9BFCF59B87BA22694C5ADE86B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia podophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is closely related to
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. parodiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="parodiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D. parodiana</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F934738341E4466C6AC4CE72C8F2EDA5" lsidName="D. parodiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="parodiana">
<emphasis id="D65C4EB38576818F07EFF8B84839F417" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D. parodiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hitchc" authorityYear="1927" baseAuthorityName="Kunth" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis ligulata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ligulata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis ligulata</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="84A0ACACE51F72952EB3ED52CCEA9E9B" authorityName="Hitchc" authorityYear="1927" baseAuthorityName="Kunth" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis ligulata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ligulata">
<emphasis id="99DE1EF83484F92972A962FC53294A3E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis ligulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and has been placed as a synonym of this in previous works (
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Briceno, B" editor="Morillo, GN" journalOrPublisher="2. Centro Editorial Litoramma C. A., Merida" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="599 - 711" refId="B2" refString="Briceno, B, 2010. Capitulo XXI Familia Poaceae (R.Br.) Barnhart (Gramineae). In: Morillo, GN, Briceno, B, Silva, JF, Eds., Botanica y Ecologia de las Monocotiledoneas de los Paramos en Venezuela, vol. 2. Centro Editorial Litoramma C. A., Merida: 599 - 711" title="Capitulo XXI Familia Poaceae (R. Br.) Barnhart (Gramineae)." volumeTitle="Botanica y Ecologia de las Monocotiledoneas de los Paramos en Venezuela, vol." year="2010">
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2010
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). The principal differentiating characters that separate
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia parodiana</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="623960FAAC0B202DE04E18524E0190AC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia parodiana</emphasis>
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from
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. podophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="podophora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D. podophora</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9CF3C9C0C5336E087A9449ACD6515B27" lsidName="D. podophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="podophora">
<emphasis id="FA1C062243D767EC56EDE156E9EF4E82" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D. podophora</emphasis>
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are the smaller anthers, 0.4-0.5 mm long (vs. (0.7
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1.9) mm long in
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. podophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="podophora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D. podophora</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DC65509B62CB4A4C8CE26B79453F5EF8" lsidName="D. podophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="podophora">
<emphasis id="CA1964F7DA158B812768C027A6CEE678" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D. podophora</emphasis>
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) and the shorter rachilla, 1-1.2 mm long, that is sparsely pilose with hairs not usually reaching the apex of the palea (vs. (1.2
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2.5 mm long, with copious hairs that usually surpass the lemma in
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. podophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="podophora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D. podophora</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1EB04A635BDB7B584E441885AD8EC59A" lsidName="D. podophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="podophora">
<emphasis id="CD636B2E771E90ECED75F43489099E9D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D. podophora</emphasis>
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). Characters of shape and density of the inflorescence mentioned in
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/3391886" author="Laegaard, S" journalOrPublisher="Novon" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="23 - 30" refId="B17" refString="Laegaard, S, 1998. New species and names in Ecuadorian grasses (Poaceae). Novon 8 (1): 23 - 30, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3391886" title="New species and names in Ecuadorian grasses (Poaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/3391886" volume="8" year="1998">Laegaard (1998</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="23E17E7E5F6D3AAD6A163E91CDBC81AE" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/3391886" author="Laegaard, S" journalOrPublisher="Novon" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="23 - 30" refId="B17" refString="Laegaard, S, 1998. New species and names in Ecuadorian grasses (Poaceae). Novon 8 (1): 23 - 30, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3391886" title="New species and names in Ecuadorian grasses (Poaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/3391886" volume="8" year="1998">Laegaard (1998</bibRefCitation>
: 27) were found to be not good for differentiating the two species. While
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. parodiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="parodiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D. parodiana</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DD5E6FA318FED6A29460968940E90D63" lsidName="D. parodiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="parodiana">
<emphasis id="DA9CAD6331F93D39D012887D93D76940" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D. parodiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
only has a lax open inflorescence with long pendant branches and spikelets glomerate on the distal part of the branches,
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. podophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="podophora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D. podophora</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="428B0DF1F0CE4E85AC7DF24BBE21C0F6" lsidName="D. podophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="podophora">
<emphasis id="8D10E6842C841495FB5D8C2586B0EAB2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D. podophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
exhibits both denser semi-spikelike inflorescences with inflorescence branches having spikelets from the base as well as open inflorescences with pendulous branches and spikelets glomerate on the distal part of the branches like that of
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. parodiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="parodiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D. parodiana</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="623F1AF086CE127DB216F90C9EE049D8" lsidName="D. parodiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="parodiana">
<emphasis id="3221567F014CA26E510773F6FC3EDCD3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D. parodiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<paragraph id="B07F88D335B842AD51C0E4F3F1D0B814" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
Some specimens from Colombia were found to be generally larger than those from Ecuador, in terms of the number and length of the culms with mainly cauline leaf blades that were longer and wider. These specimens had a habit appearance similar to var.
<taxonomicName lsidName="var. mutica" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="variety" species="parodiana" variety="mutica">mutica</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="A8D6F4F9D15E6D47D60078BF97825B39" lsidName="var. mutica" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="variety" species="parodiana" variety="mutica">mutica</taxonomicName>
being larger tussock-forming plants with multiple culms and inflorescences held within sheaths.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

View file

@ -1,115 +1,115 @@
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ECUADOR. Pinchincha: Verdecuchu, Aug. 1879 [7 Aug. 1870], A.
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<normalizedToken id="401FE6CF6D2A8F1E4A5636E1544102C3" originalValue="Stübel">Stuebel</normalizedToken>
34 (lectotype, designated by
<bibRefCitation author="Vega, AS" journalOrPublisher="Botanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="31 - 35" refId="B44" refString="Vega, AS, Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, 2013. Lectotypifications in taxa of the genera Calamagrostis, Deyeuxia, and Digitaria (Poaceae). Gayana. Botanica 70 (1): 31 - 35" title="Lectotypifications in taxa of the genera Calamagrostis, Deyeuxia, and Digitaria (Poaceae). Gayana." volume="70" year="2013">
<bibRefCitation id="A23246AB4F1505028E7693E6EA3D6C4E" author="Vega, AS" journalOrPublisher="Botanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="31 - 35" refId="B44" refString="Vega, AS, Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, 2013. Lectotypifications in taxa of the genera Calamagrostis, Deyeuxia, and Digitaria (Poaceae). Gayana. Botanica 70 (1): 31 - 35" title="Lectotypifications in taxa of the genera Calamagrostis, Deyeuxia, and Digitaria (Poaceae). Gayana." volume="70" year="2013">
Vega and
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<normalizedToken id="F9EF76D4497D0744DDD5CEC47E74D372" originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
de Agrasar (2013
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: 27): BAA (BAA00000810 [image!] fragm. ex B; isolectotypes: S (S-R-823 [image!]) fragm., US (US00153721!, US00133532!)).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<paragraph id="64E58E4B26FDBF876D9C37ED1F54AC4F" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
=
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sodiro" authorityYear="1930" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deyeuxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deyeuxia macrostachya" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrostachya">Deyeuxia macrostachya</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="122967368F3FEF8101CF9EDCD391766D" authorityName="Sodiro" authorityYear="1930" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deyeuxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deyeuxia macrostachya" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrostachya">Deyeuxia macrostachya</taxonomicName>
Sodiro, Revista Col. Nac. Vicente Rocafuerte 12: 64. 1930, syn. nov. Type: ECUADOR. In pasq. M. Chimbarazo [En los pajonales de los montes Pichincha y Chimborazo], Nov. [Dec.] 1890, L. Sodiro 265 [s.n.] (lectotype, designated here: US (US00406351!); isolectotype: S (S-R-1460 [image!])).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sodiro" authorityYear="1930" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deyeuxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deyeuxia macrostachya" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrostachya">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deyeuxia macrostachya</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="D180FF5F6036728D9866DF901D93E2B9" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="comments">
<paragraph id="6554412FDCAFFC942556C603CBFB98B5" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="05C573867E67BF941B138528B655A603" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="369EA80C4A6B5D026A99C5F03B0ECB4D" authorityName="Sodiro" authorityYear="1930" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deyeuxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deyeuxia macrostachya" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrostachya">
<emphasis id="08316C45127173F94323253D8DDE79CA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deyeuxia macrostachya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known only from the type specimen collected by Sodiro in
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="84D04A0FD4D8278BA87CADC30E511164" originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
grasslands close to mount Pichincha and Chimborazo, Ecuador. We found no noticeable differences between this and Pilgers specimens. The large, lax panicle with semiverticillate branches, similar spikelet morphology including the lemma apex bifid with aristulate teeth and rachilla hairs only reaching the apex of the palea, support
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. macrostachya" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="macrostachya">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D. macrostachya</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F1504E8543F6DBEE4F2EA0F1951B621C" lsidName="D. macrostachya" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="macrostachya">
<emphasis id="20BCF122C97F7979262EF8F4EEC23987" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D. macrostachya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
being synonymised under
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. macrophylla" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="macrophylla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. macrophylla</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="94215716E8CC5C4F0F5A6AB97ECB1F8C" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. macrophylla" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="macrophylla">
<emphasis id="9E87E7B8344ACE653D05AC908EB502B8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. macrophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>

View file

@ -1,443 +1,443 @@
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="157293999" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:837D7D970C907BD9E2FFBD2849BB7252" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/837D7D970C907BD9E2FFBD2849BB7252" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<taxonomicName LSID="837D7D97-0C90-7BD9-E2FF-BD2849BB7252" authority="Sylvester" authorityName="Sylvester" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis crispifolius" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crispifolius" status="sp. nov.">Calamagrostis crispifolius Sylvester</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="29">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Calamagrostis crispifolius; A lower portion of plant, showing basal tuft of curled leaves B ligular area C upper portion of plant showing inflorescence and flag leaf blade D primary branch of the inflorescence E lower glume, dorsal view F upper glume, dorsal view G spikelet, with floret already fallen, lateral view H spikelet, with floret, lateral view I lemma, dorsal view J lemma, lateral view K stylar branch and stigma L palea ventral view, showing the ovary, stamens and lodicules M ovary and lodicules, ventral view N immature caryopsis, dorsal view showing embryo; drawn by Alice R. Tangerini from the isotype, R. Romero Castaneda 7141 (US)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.122.33032.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305282" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
<treatment id="837D7D970C907BD9E2FFBD2849BB7252" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157293999" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:837D7D970C907BD9E2FFBD2849BB7252" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/837D7D970C907BD9E2FFBD2849BB7252" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" scope_family="Poaceae">
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<taxonomicName id="0BA3C47232F9550E3E666AE896054A1F" ID-CoL="8XWBL" LSID="837D7D97-0C90-7BD9-E2FF-BD2849BB7252" authority="Sylvester" authorityName="Sylvester" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis crispifolius" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crispifolius" status="sp. nov.">Calamagrostis crispifolius Sylvester</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="854DA3E164A83FE20F3E0F73B33897B5" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Calamagrostis crispifolius; A lower portion of plant, showing basal tuft of curled leaves B ligular area C upper portion of plant showing inflorescence and flag leaf blade D primary branch of the inflorescence E lower glume, dorsal view F upper glume, dorsal view G spikelet, with floret already fallen, lateral view H spikelet, with floret, lateral view I lemma, dorsal view J lemma, lateral view K stylar branch and stigma L palea ventral view, showing the ovary, stamens and lodicules M ovary and lodicules, ventral view N immature caryopsis, dorsal view showing embryo; drawn by Alice R. Tangerini from the isotype, R. Romero Castaneda 7141 (US)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.122.33032.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305282" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BAA51D742D854436CDCC87CEAF7ECF7D" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
COLOMBIA. Magdalena: flanco occidental de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta,
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
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, abundantisima, cubre gran parte del
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="D548D906386A73EE4C20C75ACDC126ED" originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
, 3140 m alt., 29 Jan. 1959, R. Romero
<normalizedToken originalValue="Castañeda">Castaneda</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="8BDCC4122F28C16FA5BEE496F9B1180B" originalValue="Castañeda">Castaneda</normalizedToken>
7141 (holotype: COL (COL000172001!); isotype: US (US01246667!)).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sylvester" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis crispifolius" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crispifolius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis crispifolius</emphasis>
<caption id="824F99D666CC07598FA9737F1407BD6A" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3238761" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.122.33032.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305282" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph id="B06AF585AA61090E9FA23ACD921CB88B" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="C649E19D1D419DB5B9D57A6943E533AE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E80B9255976B62781F8566E9EFEEED34" authorityName="Sylvester" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis crispifolius" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crispifolius">
<emphasis id="CB44B6C295525D4E7251B9B744EECE61" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis crispifolius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
<emphasis id="00ED96308B7188B2E736102F1AF2346D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
lower portion of plant, showing basal tuft of curled leaves
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">B</emphasis>
<normalizedToken originalValue="lígular">ligular</normalizedToken>
<emphasis id="0FAB77C512A32A58CEB9897C1D7154AB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">B</emphasis>
<normalizedToken id="CEC2ECC53DD1FA54F9349242186FDDC4" originalValue="lígular">ligular</normalizedToken>
area
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="AC2B4D6A8E8C87D2F478AE03ABFBF857" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C</emphasis>
upper portion of plant showing inflorescence and flag leaf blade
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D</emphasis>
<emphasis id="453A343EA51D7295AE4DFBB85292AAA0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D</emphasis>
primary branch of the inflorescence
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">E</emphasis>
<emphasis id="4798953B683E6486C1604266EF8BCD98" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">E</emphasis>
lower glume, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">F</emphasis>
<emphasis id="510673DE0FE5A246680FC933823A9834" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">F</emphasis>
upper glume, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">G</emphasis>
<emphasis id="3DC4A01AB1FA9D5B5EC9FCF8EF0169AF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">G</emphasis>
spikelet, with floret already fallen, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">H</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1808C9ED205F6D15B566F161D4488DDF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">H</emphasis>
spikelet, with floret, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">I</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9F1F263D0D99685E74FA841AC802B53D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">I</emphasis>
lemma, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">J</emphasis>
<emphasis id="524FEDD3590745DC8435DE75D9AB32A9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">J</emphasis>
lemma, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">K</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A9AB807CEBA7AB1496AC675001088846" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">K</emphasis>
stylar branch and stigma
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">L</emphasis>
<emphasis id="6D635FCFDEBDBE745DBEF42C3603EBDD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">L</emphasis>
palea ventral view, showing the ovary, stamens and lodicules
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">M</emphasis>
<emphasis id="EA578609BDF8236AA3F02DB54A6432A7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">M</emphasis>
ovary and lodicules, ventral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">N</emphasis>
<emphasis id="18D8D6F896D8C2FE75D7A92E4251037A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">N</emphasis>
immature caryopsis, dorsal view showing embryo; drawn by Alice R. Tangerini from the isotype, R. Romero
<normalizedToken originalValue="Castañeda">Castaneda</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="3532876A943F54C26C30108C4F2B54F8" originalValue="Castañeda">Castaneda</normalizedToken>
7141 (US).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="8A935293A0E5F83CC2BDAABB23A1DE94" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="086923129ADC15DD3B5E733733FA8B22" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C1D28BCD471AE707017C7ED28C3B133A" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
Differs from all other species of
<taxonomicName authorityName="sp. A &quot; (Dorr" authorityYear="2014" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8C1FACF441F7F426192CBC2C1F17B3A9" authorityName="sp. A &quot; (Dorr" authorityYear="2014" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E39600B007AEAFB5C42E349780D512DB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s.l. by a combination of strongly curled, readily deciduous leaf blades in mature plants that form a basal mat to 20 cm tall, open inflorescences with generally patent branches, spikelets (3.5
<normalizedToken originalValue=")4">-)4-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="B4E1D1695CB7AF940E0F940743B12533" originalValue=")4">-)4-</normalizedToken>
5.5 mm long, with sessile florets and a rachilla prolongation (not including hairs) reaching from 2/3 to almost the apex of the lemma, with short hairs &lt;1 mm long and an awn inserted just above the middle of the lemma, 5-7.2 mm long, anthers 1.5-2.7 mm long.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Plants</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="EFCD6814626B2674A2F9C7F98FCA80A8" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph id="E6423996C81B693F6D92F13B88D003AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="50BB413A578DF5652D42062E1C963B1E" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="5F6F2D46A65C6998406F9961425C1337" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Plants</emphasis>
perennial, tufted, forming short dense tufts, mats to 40 cm wide, with short vertical or oblique rhizomes. Bases covered with fibrous old basal sheaths, with fallen curled leaf blades often forming large masses on the ground between tufts.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Tillers</emphasis>
<emphasis id="FF384CFE7C37433442E0C200F821DC59" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Tillers</emphasis>
intravaginal.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Culms</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9C4D3145A2E60DB732024621D6E002AB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Culms</emphasis>
48-64 cm tall, 1.5-2.2 mm wide, striate, erect, greatly exerted from the basal foliage, nodes and internodes terete, smooth but becoming scabrous below the nodes and towards the inflorescence, with dense scabrocities just below the inflorescence; (0-)1 node exposed at flowering; uppermost internodes 38-42 cm long.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Sheaths</emphasis>
<emphasis id="88EA2934F33C712F13B6B868E43437B8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Sheaths</emphasis>
striate, moderately keeled;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">flag leaf sheaths</emphasis>
<emphasis id="CCF091596107112D2597594944718B30" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">flag leaf sheaths</emphasis>
20-25 cm long;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">upper culm sheaths</emphasis>
<emphasis id="114CFAFEB630F448A3BCCD467C65EBEA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">upper culm sheaths</emphasis>
glabrous and smooth with minute papillae present on the adaxial surface;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">basal leaf sheaths</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1FBC3513DA47D8C6413229AFC31079F2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">basal leaf sheaths</emphasis>
4-12 cm long, shorter than the internodes, glabrous and lightly scabrous.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Ligules</emphasis>
<emphasis id="0E3469DEC48C6FFF5B8862AA106E53E9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Ligules</emphasis>
not stipulate;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">upper culm ligules</emphasis>
<emphasis id="13630DB826BF457CFD2702764AD8C942" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">upper culm ligules</emphasis>
2.5-10 mm long, acute with a rounded or bidentate apex, scarious to coriaceous, 2-veined but without notable lateral keels, apices denticulate, fimbriate or short ciliate, ligule abaxial surface lightly to densely scabrous with short scabers;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">ligules of innovations</emphasis>
<emphasis id="7024CC7C975309E8D4345723F09EC227" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">ligules of innovations</emphasis>
2.2-10 mm long, strongly decurrent with the sheaths, truncate to acute, scarious to coriaceous when shorter, lightly to densely scabrous on the abaxial surface.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Leaf blades</emphasis>
<emphasis id="CFD0FC8B81D315475E41F138DFD6BD0B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Leaf blades</emphasis>
5
<normalizedToken originalValue="15(">-15(-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="E44BE20642F7BBAD74D7F8FF42544871" originalValue="15(">-15(-</normalizedToken>
30) cm long, 0.5-1.5 mm wide, cylindrical in outline, when rolled the blades form a basal mat to 20 cm tall and much shorter than the exerted culms, strongly curled in mature plants [or when dry?], appearing readily deciduous and snapping off when the plant reaches maturity leaving an abscission zone and the ligule exposed, sometimes recurved to straight in immature plants [or when moist?], conduplicate to convolute, rigid, glabrous, abaxially finely scabrous, adaxially densely scabrous, edges smooth or slightly scaberulous, apex pungent;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">flag leaf blade</emphasis>
<emphasis id="FFB65F6D6C88371AAB18630C6A90F93D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">flag leaf blade</emphasis>
ca. 2.9 cm long, recurved, slightly narrower than the basal blades.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Panicles</emphasis>
<emphasis id="E445216F32B4565D434AADBCB9DC44F9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Panicles</emphasis>
(5.5
<normalizedToken originalValue=")9">-)9-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="5164050BD1AC9C907DD641C82BDD4FC7" originalValue=")9">-)9-</normalizedToken>
20 cm long, 3-10 cm wide, open, rarely contracted in young specimens, exerted or rarely subincluded in the flag leaf, open and diffuse, oval, greenish-purple or golden-purple;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">main panicle axis</emphasis>
<emphasis id="209E1AE7AAF4F688F165ADFC9E616CCE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">main panicle axis</emphasis>
terete, glabrous, lightly to moderately scabrous, spikelets found diffusely on the proximal half of the primary branches, lower internodes 2-4 cm long;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">panicle branches</emphasis>
<emphasis id="FB954ED7D19F71F166F5284C51607957" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">panicle branches</emphasis>
spreading to slightly ascending, rarely contracted;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">primary panicle branches</emphasis>
<emphasis id="AB608437F7279D55F8A5C9355571BF9C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">primary panicle branches</emphasis>
2-6 cm long, bearing 1-10 spikelets per branch, verticillate in clusters of 2-5, terete, glabrous, almost smooth to scabrous;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">pedicels</emphasis>
<emphasis id="5782A00DA2E49355F7358B969A58479C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">pedicels</emphasis>
(3
<normalizedToken originalValue=")6">-)6-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="3A013F147359D5DA153E35A47E9C49E9" originalValue=")6">-)6-</normalizedToken>
22 mm long, usually much longer than the spikelets, glabrous, lightly to moderately scabrous.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Spikelets</emphasis>
<emphasis id="CE9E1817D2C29A1B7D1B7C3943A533D2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Spikelets</emphasis>
1-flowered, not strongly laterally compressed, disarticulating above the glumes; glumes, lemma and palea not noticeably asymmetrical.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Glumes</emphasis>
<emphasis id="24476ECC00B5709FE2EEBF23F622A3B5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Glumes</emphasis>
(3.5
<normalizedToken originalValue=")4">-)4-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="3AE71169F77418049BC5C15BB56922AB" originalValue=")4">-)4-</normalizedToken>
5.5 mm long, subequal, the lower glume ca. 0.3 mm shorter than the upper glume, narrowly lanceolate, membranous, purplish, lustrous, dorsal surface smooth or scaberulous distally, keels lightly scabrous distally or scabrous throughout, apices acute, finely denticulate, erose;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">lower glume</emphasis>
<emphasis id="290D2ACEDF02D41D6F0B10685C2A0287" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">lower glume</emphasis>
1-veined;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">upper glume</emphasis>
<emphasis id="F53925310CACB9BB3F0CB765A569D2F8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">upper glume</emphasis>
3-veined, lateral veins reaching from
<normalizedToken originalValue="¼">1/4</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="D9887DF652B1A97ACABD3048D3A41A44" originalValue="¼">1/4</normalizedToken>
to past half the length of the glume, 1 or 2 cross veins between the keel and lateral vein infrequently present in ca. 10% of spikelets seen (requires 50
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="882596EB93B33D55F8F6E91AED141597" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
magnification).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Floret</emphasis>
<emphasis id="8D125B2B1B948B7DDBEA08B822BDCF68" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Floret</emphasis>
sessile, almost reaching the apex of the glumes, sometimes passing the apex of the lower glume.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Lowermost rachilla internode</emphasis>
<emphasis id="FB98A8FF2227B2F464062055C310A5D1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Lowermost rachilla internode</emphasis>
not prolonged between the glumes and the floret.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Lemmas</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1F00F552BAA5DF58B8647280227FADA5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Lemmas</emphasis>
3.7-4.6 mm long, 5-veined, veins not evident; the same consistency as the glumes, golden, glabrous, scaberulous throughout or lustrous and faintly to densely muriculate with the apex sometimes becoming scaberulous, apex shortly emarginate with lobes finely denticulate, awns 5-7.2 mm long, amply passing the glumes, twisted at the base, slightly curved, densely scabrous throughout, inserted just above the middle of the lemma, at 2.2-2.5 mm from the lemma base.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Paleas</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C87C5D2FC257BFECA4BD2FA71123B527" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Paleas</emphasis>
0.3-0.8 mm shorter than the lemma, of the same consistency and colour, keels smooth and notable, apex bidentate.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Callus</emphasis>
<emphasis id="BEF7E25D63405EDD8C583C4FF3406B0B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Callus</emphasis>
rounded, short, articulation oblique, with a basal tuft of short hairs 0.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="0.7(">-0.7(-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="0139FA43F752FFB18CA04BEF79032AA9" originalValue="0.7(">-0.7(-</normalizedToken>
0.8) mm long.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Rachilla</emphasis>
<emphasis id="AAEBF6E3F321E40CBFBCAB9220C9F86A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Rachilla</emphasis>
(2
<normalizedToken originalValue=")3">-)3-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="66C35DB49F7637290275DF7DA981E056" originalValue=")3">-)3-</normalizedToken>
3.5 mm long, reaching from 2/3 to almost the apex of the lemma, with copious short hairs 0.5-1 mm long, the hairs reaching from 4/5 to almost the apex of the lemma and usually surpassing the palea.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Lodicules</emphasis>
<emphasis id="EF6D01D0FAE34A5741A83FE8765A164D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Lodicules</emphasis>
2, 0.4-0.6 mm long, membranous, 2-lobed, acute to slightly acuminate.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Stamens</emphasis>
<emphasis id="FB11A2A149B57D6A6BE8732F9E3D495F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Stamens</emphasis>
3, anthers 1.5-2.7 mm long.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Ovary</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A95609E34F6A692796F9EC3E3405F58D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Ovary</emphasis>
ca. 0.5 mm long, small, styles 2, stigmas plumose with secondary branching, short.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Caryopsis</emphasis>
<emphasis id="E39C36E519F9BF1EA18B1562C9CCAA9D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Caryopsis</emphasis>
ca. 1.8 mm long, ca. 0.7 mm wide, elliptic, rounded triangular in transection, hilum narrowly elliptic, ventral groove shallow and not conspicuous, pale brown, embryo ca. 0.3 mm long, apex with remains of styles and stigmas;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">endosperm</emphasis>
<emphasis id="CEF44B9C3A2899BAF751BC960239620D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">endosperm</emphasis>
firm.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="EBEA8C409F5E409B88188A030AF0B801" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="205FF8DC9D2C4D7468DDE61749119AA5" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5133D31D2195AD735141DE6ED7B50BDB" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
Colombia, Venezuela. Known from
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="769BE8E962A7186B9F33FF2A5B46F7B4" originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, northern Colombia and the Sierra de Perija, Venezuela. For the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, specimens are known from
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="1F2C75FA6D80F9570C150EE5726E6ECA" originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
vegetation on both the western and eastern flanks of the massif. For the Sierra de Perija, specimens are known from both the northern and southern extents of the mountain range. It is found growing between 2700-3570 m in
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="9752DFB49809F1A3A2A352EBBC066D3C" originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
with dry soils that are often subject to fires. The plant forms dense cushion-like mats or clumps and it is a dominant component of certain
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="B0169D928C713555A0699FC9EAB2EEA0" originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
. The type specimen label includes &quot;Abundantisima, cubre gran parte del
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo”">paramo&quot;</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="876C311053FAFFC2005C0137E5DBF03C" originalValue="páramo”">paramo&quot;</normalizedToken>
, i.e. highly abundant and covers a large part of the
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="121DCFE468424B288377C70129ADAF1F" originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
. The specimen label of Barclay and Juajibuoy 6545 (US) also states &quot;the dominant grass on these slopes, extending up to the top of ridge&quot;, thus implying that it is a dominant component of the
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="C7CC72E74E1207DF4AE14D3CE1C6B8E9" originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">The degree of curling of leaf blades in the different specimens studied may relate to the level of maturity of the plant or also the local microclimate, with the specimen label of Barclay and Juajibuoy 6545 (US) stating &quot;leaves very fine and rolled, when dry they curl&quot;. The characteristic of readily deciduous leaf blades is also interesting, with the specimen label of Barclay and Juajibuoy 6545 (US) also mentioning that &quot;large masses of these [the fallen curled blades] on the ground between clumps [of the plant]&quot;.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="58F8BA4873CD5EC5D0D9692DB75DD476" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">The degree of curling of leaf blades in the different specimens studied may relate to the level of maturity of the plant or also the local microclimate, with the specimen label of Barclay and Juajibuoy 6545 (US) stating &quot;leaves very fine and rolled, when dry they curl&quot;. The characteristic of readily deciduous leaf blades is also interesting, with the specimen label of Barclay and Juajibuoy 6545 (US) also mentioning that &quot;large masses of these [the fallen curled blades] on the ground between clumps [of the plant]&quot;.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="7208D3A741C4DAB9FDF98E01A7A307FA" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="07258FCF29E4E9EB0D57327E9EA0F779" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="296787516B5E1318658AF86D2564E1AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
COLOMBIA.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Magdalena</emphasis>
<emphasis id="901491DAC251AD4AD213663250888C6A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Magdalena</emphasis>
: Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Laguna Chubdula, 3480 m alt.,
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="10.916667">10°55'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="C4C58029EDB058208CF3DBF63CE5F074" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="10.916667">10°55'N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-73.88333">73°53'W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="C852EB1BAAF7DBFD9571E3D611BF2BD0" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-73.88333">73°53'W</geoCoordinate>
, 29 Dec. 1972, Kirkbridge &amp; Forero 1775 (MO); Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, alrededores de cabeceras del
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="9CA8F4C96942CFC21A84D4000A8925DA" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Sevilla, 3050-3300 m alt. [US specimen label states 'The dominant grass on these slopes, extending up to the top of ridge. West and north facing slopes, on south side of river above campsite, sta.1,6., alt. 3320-3570
<normalizedToken originalValue="m">m'</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="2F0E9BE68FE7EDDB9B038D9BD20304CD" originalValue="m">m'</normalizedToken>
], 20 Jan. 1959, H.G. Barclay &amp; P. Juajibioy 6545 (MO, US-3652630); Sierra de Perija, east of Manuare, Sabana Rubia,
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="3ACF416638F8B941A29F79A0F12B29C0" originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
, 3000-3100 m alt., 6 Nov. 1959, J. Cuatrecasas &amp; R. Romero
<normalizedToken originalValue="Castañeda">Castaneda</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="DEB061CE383315B4216C4CF082F3E573" originalValue="Castañeda">Castaneda</normalizedToken>
25021 (US [3 sheets]).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<paragraph id="0A728B2CF2FB413783F43875FBBA7A65" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
VENEZUELA.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Zulia</emphasis>
<emphasis id="FC5CA45B432A4638668C762EF3C56A9A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Zulia</emphasis>
: Maracaibo Distr., Sierra de Perija,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Serranía">Serrania</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="203D7887628C108B93767677095E7FB0" originalValue="Serranía">Serrania</normalizedToken>
de Valledupar, Campamento Monte Viruela, on
<normalizedToken originalValue="tepuí-like">tepui-like</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="3E144A2857CDEEE3285B3458B2D87B05" originalValue="tepuí-like">tepui-like</normalizedToken>
limestone massif 5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="9EB4F91BACCE4E8DE9C42BB46CD7C99B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2.5 km in size, on the international boundary,
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="25.2167" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.420279">10°25.2167'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="A2B0799234C700FF94292087CDE83C45" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="25.2167" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.420279">10°25.2167'N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="52.7" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-72.878334">72°52.7'W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="F4D93ABF104BFB4AF6B7ECA2451F1A37" degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="52.7" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-72.878334">72°52.7'W</geoCoordinate>
, 3100 m alt., 25-28 Dec. 1974, S.S. Tillett 747-882 (MO);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Perijá">Perija</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="ACD444EF6CFDBF46168FE5E4FE1EB9A6" originalValue="Perijá">Perija</normalizedToken>
Distr., Sierra de Perija,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Serranía">Serrania</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="D93DA79268A927E2D894184E2B6972CD" originalValue="Serranía">Serrania</normalizedToken>
de los Motilones, mesa below international boundary on main ridge, headwaters of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="24F6BA211939DB0F9BA737330742ECB3" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Negro, Campamento Frontera II,
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="0.2167" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.003612">10°0.2167'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="5E78327492633FABF936D378D18FF05C" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="0.2167" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.003612">10°0.2167'N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="58.4167" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-72.97361">72°58.4167'W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="E33CFA949912C6EFB89E8FA740DE33C8" degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="58.4167" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-72.97361">72°58.4167'W</geoCoordinate>
, 3000 m alt., 27 Nov.-5 Dec. 1974, S.S. Tillett &amp; K.W.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hönig">Hoenig</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="7F005876686C1488CD79A768FA928A83" originalValue="Hönig">Hoenig</normalizedToken>
746-618 (MO);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Serranía">Serrania</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="C86107918CB7F5ED46D5D5AEB34584C9" originalValue="Serranía">Serrania</normalizedToken>
de Valledupar, international boundary, headwaters of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="20809FFF4A05B7DD4C63FDC9E79A0440" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Guasare,
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="23.13" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="10.3855">10°23.13'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="8178E800B77B17EFCCE80794725C2537" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="23.13" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="10.3855">10°23.13'N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="52.0833" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-72.86806">72°52.0833'W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="F71D77ECA1752D520819ACE413407083" degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="52.0833" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-72.86806">72°52.0833'W</geoCoordinate>
, 2700-3300 m alt., 10-19 Dec. 1974, S.S. Tillett 747-1072 (MO).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="preliminary conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="188912E163BA461C8E09D845D4AA2342" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="preliminary conservation status">
<paragraph id="D553E7BAEE6534289BB34DA332E9F220" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2C95860100558AD1A4743D31F12784A1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
Vulnerable (VU). Despite the species being known from seven collections spanning two Cordilleras, the
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="1F3555B78D9B974CB934B36B6CAE94EA" originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
of Colombia are currently facing threats principally from mining (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat4849" author="Perez-Escobar, OA" journalOrPublisher="Darwiniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B24" refString="Perez-Escobar, OA, Camara-Leret, R, Antonelli, A, Bateman, R, Bellot, S, Chomicki, G, Cleef, A, Diazgranados, M, Dodsworth, S, Jaramillo, C, Madrinan, S, Olivares, I, Zuluaga, A, Bernal, R, 2018. Mining threatens Colombian ecosystems. Science 359: 1475. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat4849" title="Mining threatens Colombian ecosystems. Science 359: 1475." url="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat4849" year="2018">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pérez-Escobar">Perez-Escobar</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="8657C346BE334DEC9F66D8376D7855D6" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat4849" author="Perez-Escobar, OA" journalOrPublisher="Darwiniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B24" refString="Perez-Escobar, OA, Camara-Leret, R, Antonelli, A, Bateman, R, Bellot, S, Chomicki, G, Cleef, A, Diazgranados, M, Dodsworth, S, Jaramillo, C, Madrinan, S, Olivares, I, Zuluaga, A, Bernal, R, 2018. Mining threatens Colombian ecosystems. Science 359: 1475. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat4849" title="Mining threatens Colombian ecosystems. Science 359: 1475." url="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat4849" year="2018">
<normalizedToken id="67F3AF7FAE11635579F09E2E5FFD1175" originalValue="Pérez-Escobar">Perez-Escobar</normalizedToken>
et al. 2018
</bibRefCitation>
) and an uncertain future. Our preliminary conservation status of VU is deemed adequate until further research is done.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="3D835231065B9CB9BEF022D2D8F6A182" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="6A706B2EA385307E5061A1BA8616DF6D" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AEC9489EC209F1D5F3595606B812F7ED" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
The species epithet refers to the strongly curled leaf blades which make it distinct from all other
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="403D405CF998AF997E1B5437FDE0A803" originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
taxa of
<taxonomicName authorityName="sp. A &quot; (Dorr" authorityYear="2014" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FFC33B6974B1B9A7C60E6BE26069E69A" authorityName="sp. A &quot; (Dorr" authorityYear="2014" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5EC1AE430F5D8AB95165199973F1EDD1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s.l. with open panicles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="17AB244293CE11ECCFB9A94CDCEF5108" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="notes">
<paragraph id="F33460A8EF9B96AAB1DE924DEDF1C7BF" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DD4C637E84ED8E63746971DF3C78236D" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
To our knowledge, there are no species of
<taxonomicName authorityName="sp. A &quot; (Dorr" authorityYear="2014" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B989595C5E6E0A3C2D3D1D8F166E580F" authorityName="sp. A &quot; (Dorr" authorityYear="2014" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="11A6FB2125628AC922FB3CEFFE2B659B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s.l. with readily deciduous leaf blades that snap off when the plant reaches maturity leaving an abscission zone and the ligule exposed and covering the ground surrounding the plant tufts. This, coupled with the strongly curled nature of the leaf blades, makes this species unique. The character of curled leaf blades is very uncommon in the genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="sp. A &quot; (Dorr" authorityYear="2014" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1DCDF6D0933CC64A2EC47D93CAA1ABD3" authorityName="sp. A &quot; (Dorr" authorityYear="2014" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="01D5FFE482AF0BE93ECDD470BD44CA90" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with the closest resembling species with this character being
<taxonomicName authorityName="Govaerts" authorityYear="1999" baseAuthorityName="Rúgolo &amp; Villav." class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis crispa" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crispa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis crispa</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B555A3E98212B1672EF4F02883237029" authorityName="Govaerts" authorityYear="1999" baseAuthorityName="Rúgolo &amp; Villav." class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis crispa" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crispa">
<emphasis id="E84936A1282C0E3B2E42E52B83D68EC0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis crispa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="742D6321658213340F4BA3837F5D5F28" originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
&amp; Villav.) Soreng, a species found in dry Andean grassland of Bolivia, Chile, Peru and Northeast Argentina (
<bibRefCitation author="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE" editor="Zuloaga, FO" journalOrPublisher="Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="180 - 218" refId="B33" refString="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, 2012. Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv. In: Zuloaga, FO, Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, Anton, AM, Eds., Flora Argentina. Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina: 180 - 218" title="Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv." volumeTitle="Flora Argentina." year="2012">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="B89230FF748ACEED9C09F7113A5516AC" author="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE" editor="Zuloaga, FO" journalOrPublisher="Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="180 - 218" refId="B33" refString="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, 2012. Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv. In: Zuloaga, FO, Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, Anton, AM, Eds., Flora Argentina. Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina: 180 - 218" title="Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv." volumeTitle="Flora Argentina." year="2012">
<normalizedToken id="EC51307A74AB801CF38D6C868305689E" originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
de Agrasar 2012
</bibRefCitation>
: 193). The blades of mature plants of
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. crispa" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="crispa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. crispa</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F80435F0827B7D5116A00CD3A0C29FBA" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. crispa" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="crispa">
<emphasis id="A0482929B874D56E1F05D6C2327BABD9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. crispa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are generally curved rather than strongly curled, as in
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. crispifolius" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="crispifolius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. crispifolius</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="477EB6F3A93172EDFFBC56131F2DA11C" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. crispifolius" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="crispifolius">
<emphasis id="C48E2896195283987399B5EDB1117C39" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. crispifolius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Govaerts" authorityYear="1999" baseAuthorityName="Rúgolo &amp; Villav." class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis crispa" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crispa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis crispa</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="17C23DDFD12C67FB9E411D36E411442D" authorityName="Govaerts" authorityYear="1999" baseAuthorityName="Rúgolo &amp; Villav." class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis crispa" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crispa">
<emphasis id="0A8F8860D9FFA6A43CD3E81DEF314096" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis crispa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also differs from
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. crispifolius" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="crispifolius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. crispifolius</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="116BC1457D8FBFE57F3C1262FFD23BFC" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. crispifolius" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="crispifolius">
<emphasis id="11A88BBBBA6CB4CF3C137ABF127EFD2A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. crispifolius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the short, few-flowered, inflorescences that are included within the basal foliage, large spikelets with glumes 5-8 mm long and lemmas (4.4
<normalizedToken originalValue=")5">-)5-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="17BF8390B94364C7A1878EA45BD7BBBA" originalValue=")5">-)5-</normalizedToken>
5.5 mm long, amongst other characters.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sylvester" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis crispifolius" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crispifolius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis crispifolius</emphasis>
<paragraph id="19A8CC1662AD5F3BFAB4D7C0AA580C3A" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="D02A96AD0A45B9B9EB0E48AC2BD192CE" authorityName="Sylvester" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis crispifolius" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crispifolius">
<emphasis id="6AA9C8B340923F0B3B81069C19C14C3C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis crispifolius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also shares certain similarities with
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. effusa" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="effusa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. effusa</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6BBE465AC73B60B58BA2981C1A9B0BD5" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. effusa" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="effusa">
<emphasis id="265B3D419B2DBA17E15304E7A90BBE32" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. effusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in terms of characters of the inflorescence i.e. the open panicles with verticillate panicle branches, the short glumes to 5.5 mm long, the awn being inserted in the upper half of the lemma and, most importantly, the long rachilla usually extending past the apex of the palea and bearing short hairs &lt;1 mm long.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sylvester" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis crispifolius" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crispifolius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis crispifolius</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C23489DDE6479CC5B799ED7000ED1083" authorityName="Sylvester" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis crispifolius" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crispifolius">
<emphasis id="88D0F41BED9D84E78071647DB652B651" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis crispifolius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. effusa" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="effusa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. effusa</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="A4C2E5FA5667AC63BAC593F6210CAB68" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. effusa</emphasis>
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also share a peculiar character of cross veins between the lateral veins and keel of the upper glume, but these are only noticeable at 50
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magnification in about 1 in 10 spikelets. A more exhaustive search for this character in other taxa within
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="977D28368C6A783AC81D560ABC4B4937" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
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s.l. should be done to check its exclusiveness to
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. crispifolius</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="65E1D3DA1F38A713C3A6B3410BCF1809" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. crispifolius</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. effusa</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="466EAAA4BB04A61C94FB11A26B6E3DA1" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. effusa" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="effusa">
<emphasis id="6345033F384CC4954E96367FD4D54186" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. effusa</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis crispifolius</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B0EBC450662E47F669DD78A5BC6BFE35" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis crispifolius</emphasis>
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can be easily distinguished from
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. effusa</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9074919B36C02F6C9B82D7AEA602D3C1" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. effusa" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="effusa">
<emphasis id="E89F1C6815BB2D2177EA9B4B05B6C576" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. effusa</emphasis>
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by the strongly curled leaf blades with pungent apices which form a basal mat to 20 cm high that is usually much shorter than the flowering culms, while
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. effusa</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="5614A42A1B9D5D65CBFD9292503850AA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. effusa</emphasis>
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has stiffly erect blades with obtuse apices forming tussocks 40
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107) cm tall. Ligule characteristics also differ, with
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. crispifolius</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E71FAED9EB3FA1A1418EDDCADB51DDD0" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. crispifolius" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="crispifolius">
<emphasis id="DF22B7A48B566E1F9485FCE08E035A81" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. crispifolius</emphasis>
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having ligules 2.2-10 mm long with acute apices, while
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. effusa</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="88D5E669A4511D7BD77782C0DC792A20" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. effusa" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="effusa">
<emphasis id="350CBB637F57FC679E875F9BFAEBCB44" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. effusa</emphasis>
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has ligules 1-2 mm long with truncate apices. In a recent molecular analysis,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis effusa</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="565B48DF32CF0D65DDBFBB1FC7CDBEA1" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis effusa" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="effusa">
<emphasis id="CEBFF690521225B771FB48DD94B7D220" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis effusa</emphasis>
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was found to be sister to
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Chascolytrum</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="2C138209C8079D974730D63694536B6C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Chascolytrum</emphasis>
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Desv. (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" author="Saarela, JM" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 139" refId="B35" refString="Saarela, JM, Bull, RD, Paradis, M, Ebata, SN, Peterson, PM, Soreng, RJ, Paszko, B, 2017. Molecular phylogenetics of cool-season grasses in the subtribes Agrostidinae, Anthoxanthinae, Aveninae, Brizinae, Calothecinae, Koeleriinae and Phalaridinae (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae, Poeae chloroplast group 1). PhytoKeys 87: 1 - 139, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" title="Molecular phylogenetics of cool-season grasses in the subtribes Agrostidinae, Anthoxanthinae, Aveninae, Brizinae, Calothecinae, Koeleriinae and Phalaridinae (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae, Poeae chloroplast group 1)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" volume="87" year="2017">Saarela et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="75C19F15FC3280F3AA03C28AAA65C4A2" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" author="Saarela, JM" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 139" refId="B35" refString="Saarela, JM, Bull, RD, Paradis, M, Ebata, SN, Peterson, PM, Soreng, RJ, Paszko, B, 2017. Molecular phylogenetics of cool-season grasses in the subtribes Agrostidinae, Anthoxanthinae, Aveninae, Brizinae, Calothecinae, Koeleriinae and Phalaridinae (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae, Poeae chloroplast group 1). PhytoKeys 87: 1 - 139, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" title="Molecular phylogenetics of cool-season grasses in the subtribes Agrostidinae, Anthoxanthinae, Aveninae, Brizinae, Calothecinae, Koeleriinae and Phalaridinae (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae, Poeae chloroplast group 1)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" volume="87" year="2017">Saarela et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
), possibly warranting its own generic placement. Further collecting of this new species, with a focus on molecular sampling, should be done to clarify its phylogenetic affinities.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<paragraph id="7402FDCB12AC710919791F72C2988CD1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
Specimens of
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. crispifolius" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="crispifolius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. crispifolius</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4B8C414CDA1942C8996CC2D68D3C995D" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. crispifolius" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="crispifolius">
<emphasis id="AD564EDAA2C722E1B4AEE1AB65B39BFA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. crispifolius</emphasis>
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from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia, differ from Venezuelan specimens in a number of attributes and may represent a subspecies, although further collections and studies need to be made to confirm this. Colombian specimens have narrower leaf blades (0.5-0.75 mm wide), shorter ligules (2.2-4 mm long), usually longer anthers (to 2.7 mm long) and rachillas with short hairs that often reach the apex of the lemma. Venezuelan specimens have broader leaf blades (to 1.5 mm wide), longer ligules (4-10 mm long), shorter anthers (1.5-2 mm long) and rachillas with short hairs that usually do not reach the apex of the lemma.
</paragraph>

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@ -1,225 +1,225 @@
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="157293997" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F2F41B28095767C7DF945B4344A9291" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8F2F41B28095767C7DF945B4344A9291" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName LSID="2808EE0C-A648-50E3-88C9-090C02078E61" authority="(Wedd.) Pilg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42: 64. 1908. Deyeuxia heterophylla Wedd., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 22: 177, 180. 1875." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis heterophylla" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophylla">Calamagrostis heterophylla (Wedd.) Pilg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42: 64. 1908. Deyeuxia heterophylla Wedd., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 22: 177, 180. 1875.</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A general habit and a spikelet of Calamagrostis guamanensis Escalona, J. R. I. Wood 4064 (FMB), Calamagrostis heterophylla (Wedd.) Pilg., S. P. Sylvester 3158 (US), Calamagrostis pisinna Swallen, S. P. Sylvester 3107 (US), and Calamagrostis rigida (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud., S. P. Sylvester 3125 (US). Habit scale bar 5 cm; spikelet scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.122.33032.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305286" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Fig. 5 C, D</figureCitation>
<treatment id="8F2F41B28095767C7DF945B4344A9291" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157293997" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F2F41B28095767C7DF945B4344A9291" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8F2F41B28095767C7DF945B4344A9291" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" scope_family="Poaceae">
<subSubSection id="AF49B5D22256983030F4CC45CCF8C407" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="C9704F36497EA2EF5B9B61F4503A90B1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="CD18C29BF41AAEA14F16802A55E5FF29" ID-CoL="PCJT" LSID="2808EE0C-A648-50E3-88C9-090C02078E61" authority="(Wedd.) Pilg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42: 64. 1908. Deyeuxia heterophylla Wedd., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 22: 177, 180. 1875." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis heterophylla" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophylla">Calamagrostis heterophylla (Wedd.) Pilg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42: 64. 1908. Deyeuxia heterophylla Wedd., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 22: 177, 180. 1875.</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="BE910B3B7E0C38919BF5BAE17833A751" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A general habit and a spikelet of Calamagrostis guamanensis Escalona, J. R. I. Wood 4064 (FMB), Calamagrostis heterophylla (Wedd.) Pilg., S. P. Sylvester 3158 (US), Calamagrostis pisinna Swallen, S. P. Sylvester 3107 (US), and Calamagrostis rigida (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud., S. P. Sylvester 3125 (US). Habit scale bar 5 cm; spikelet scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.122.33032.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305286" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Fig. 5 C, D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Type.</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="6175815C376BB70AF2CACD850844E338" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="0FD019558A31AA1FC56EA2FD5043BAFB" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="1FEEAA2EDFEC7FEC1C8F33BA9D7F5E72" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Type.</emphasis>
Bolivia. [
<normalizedToken originalValue="Potosí">Potosi</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="C8D5C1877D9BD6A130459C57E46F5ABF" originalValue="Potosí">Potosi</normalizedToken>
], A.
<normalizedToken originalValue="DOrbigny">D'Orbigny</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="A62EE19F7124C79C23D7D0BEB11620A1" originalValue="DOrbigny">D'Orbigny</normalizedToken>
202 (lectotype, designated by
<bibRefCitation author="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE" editor="Zuloaga, FO" journalOrPublisher="Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="180 - 218" refId="B33" refString="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, 2012. Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv. In: Zuloaga, FO, Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, Anton, AM, Eds., Flora Argentina. Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina: 180 - 218" title="Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv." volumeTitle="Flora Argentina." year="2012">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="2B3734DE4F2C56BF05CD13F095B45761" author="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE" editor="Zuloaga, FO" journalOrPublisher="Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="180 - 218" refId="B33" refString="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, 2012. Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv. In: Zuloaga, FO, Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, Anton, AM, Eds., Flora Argentina. Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina: 180 - 218" title="Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv." volumeTitle="Flora Argentina." year="2012">
<normalizedToken id="B731231B6A38ADC07460E93A0B6A29B7" originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
de Agrasar (2012
</bibRefCitation>
: 201): P (P00729766 [image!]); isolectotypes: BAA (BAA00001845 [image!]), US (US00133531!), W (W18890120011 [image!])).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<paragraph id="A3B7689471961A7C71C87578F563F39B" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
=
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chaetotropis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chaetotropis andina" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="andina">Chaetotropis andina</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="8D68FB87F17E49AA4C615CF4F750AA5E" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chaetotropis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chaetotropis andina" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="andina">Chaetotropis andina</taxonomicName>
Ball, J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 22: 58. 1885. Type: Peru. Ex Saxosis Andium Peruviae juxta Paquim Chicla, 12000
<normalizedToken originalValue="13000">-13000'</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="04CC4D6D89883E1D1F54425BD45A4C12" originalValue="13000">-13000'</normalizedToken>
s.m. [3658-3962 m alt.], 21-23 Apr. 1882, J. Ball s.n. (holotype: P; isotypes: BAA (BAA00001704 [image!]) fragm., K, US (US00344798!) fragm. ex K &amp; ex LE).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<paragraph id="D93DF3CD64650110DB7BAD8A813169F0" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
=
<taxonomicName authority="Pilg." authorityName="Pilg" authorityYear="1908" basionym-authority="(Wedd.)" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis heterophylla var. robustior" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="heterophylla" variety="robustior">Calamagrostis heterophylla (Wedd.) Pilg. var. robustior</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="B296CB12395CE2994F5B5B23BAA82C25" authority="Pilg." authorityName="Pilg" authorityYear="1908" basionym-authority="(Wedd.)" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis heterophylla var. robustior" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="heterophylla" variety="robustior">Calamagrostis heterophylla (Wedd.) Pilg. var. robustior</taxonomicName>
Pilg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst.: 64. l908. Type: Peru. Puno: Azangaro, in saxosis calcareis, 4000 m alt., Feb. 1902, A. Weberbauer 474 (holotype: B (not found); isotype: US (US00153711!)).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<paragraph id="5D7D0222376EA684CC5E3B9357DCAB83" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
=
<taxonomicName authority="Pilg." authorityName="Pilg" authorityYear="1908" basionym-authority="(Wedd.)" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis heterophylla var. pubescens" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="heterophylla" variety="pubescens">Calamagrostis heterophylla (Wedd.) Pilg. var. pubescens</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="46DD438D43CC42C97AC681EB752EC67E" authority="Pilg." authorityName="Pilg" authorityYear="1908" basionym-authority="(Wedd.)" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis heterophylla var. pubescens" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="heterophylla" variety="pubescens">Calamagrostis heterophylla (Wedd.) Pilg. var. pubescens</taxonomicName>
Pilg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst.: 64. 1908. Type: Peru. Puno: in provincia Sandia, supra Cuyocuyo, in campis fructisibus nonnullis intermistix, 3700-3800 m alt., May 1902, A. Weberbauer 905 (holotype: B (not found); isotype: US (US00153712!)).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<paragraph id="0DF0549FF4D571555829B890A130ADE1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
=
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pilg" authorityYear="1908" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis calvescens" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calvescens">Calamagrostis calvescens</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="D4CEA98037BCEC1346C23DE4AA203A44" authorityName="Pilg" authorityYear="1908" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis calvescens" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calvescens">Calamagrostis calvescens</taxonomicName>
Pilg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42: 65. 1908. Type: Peru. Ancash: Prov. Cajatambo, 3000-3300 m alt., 13 Apr. 1902, A. Weberbauer 2842 (lectotype, designated by
<bibRefCitation author="Nicora, EG" journalOrPublisher="Darwiniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="163 - 199" refId="B23" refString="Nicora, EG, Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, 1998. Tipos de Gramineae conservados en el Herbario Gaspar Xuarez, Buenos Aires (BAA) procedentes de Berlin (B). Darwiniana 36: 163 - 199" title="Tipos de Gramineae conservados en el Herbario Gaspar Xuarez, Buenos Aires (BAA) procedentes de Berlin (B)." volume="36" year="1998">
<bibRefCitation id="ADFD14BB6DBF831FB52ECEDB5C39CCEE" author="Nicora, EG" journalOrPublisher="Darwiniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="163 - 199" refId="B23" refString="Nicora, EG, Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, 1998. Tipos de Gramineae conservados en el Herbario Gaspar Xuarez, Buenos Aires (BAA) procedentes de Berlin (B). Darwiniana 36: 163 - 199" title="Tipos de Gramineae conservados en el Herbario Gaspar Xuarez, Buenos Aires (BAA) procedentes de Berlin (B)." volume="36" year="1998">
Nicora and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="A3F5B6DEB14144B903767953C0D37325" originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
de Agrasar (1998
</bibRefCitation>
: 168): BAA (BAA00000758 [image!]) fragm. ex B; isolectotypes: MOL, US (US00131526!)).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<paragraph id="08E48DFC94E984100D2E1804B436E43A" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
=
<taxonomicName authorityName="Luces" authorityYear="1953" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis mulleri" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mulleri">Calamagrostis mulleri</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="51408C75CFBF57C987840DD70A39DA73" authorityName="Luces" authorityYear="1953" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis mulleri" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mulleri">Calamagrostis mulleri</taxonomicName>
Luces, Bol. Soc. Venez., Cienc. Nat. 15 (80):9. 1953. Type: Venezuela. Edo.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mérida">Merida</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="7D19121A59E680018F4B6F69F475FDC9" originalValue="Mérida">Merida</normalizedToken>
:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="8BF3916EFD26EB7D16254E0C93B04CE3" originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
de
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mucuchíes">Mucuchies</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="397D2047C8DC0B6840513F0878D82BDB" originalValue="Mucuchíes">Mucuchies</normalizedToken>
, 4000 m alt., 11 Nov. 1939, A.S.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="3707421EFBD7E4A2BC29CFA76C32471A" originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
897 (holotype: VEN (VEN20682 [image!]); isotypes: MO, US (US00149289!)).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<paragraph id="1F0077CF2F81BE617F9E19CC5B9F556F" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
=
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tovar" authorityYear="1960" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis macbridei" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macbridei">Calamagrostis macbridei</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="B30A3A3EDE28777E62911DF0CE6926C5" authorityName="Tovar" authorityYear="1960" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis macbridei" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macbridei">Calamagrostis macbridei</taxonomicName>
Tovar, Mem. Mus. Javier Prado 11:63. 1960. Type:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Perú">Peru</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="561827552E94FE3A0875E427BDD21BCA" originalValue="Perú">Peru</normalizedToken>
. Pasco,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Huarón">Huaron</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="4C96F89079880CA0E1A7BC2C5B9393CA" originalValue="Huarón">Huaron</normalizedToken>
, northern part Cerro Pasco, northeastern slope, 14000 ft. [4267 m] alt., 12 Jun. 1922, J.F. Macbride &amp; W. Featherstone 998 (holotype: US (US00153707!); isotypes: F (F0040679F [image!]), SI (SI000619 [image!]) fragm.).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<paragraph id="E2663B4FE5D31F5E49D4F471CB275520" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
=
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tovar" authorityYear="1960" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis swallenii" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="swallenii">Calamagrostis swallenii</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="37EE99CCAFC588D46E943FB3889BB865" authorityName="Tovar" authorityYear="1960" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis swallenii" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="swallenii">Calamagrostis swallenii</taxonomicName>
Tovar, Mem. Mus. Hist. Nat. &quot;Javier Prado&quot; 11: 66. 1960.
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deyeuxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deyeuxia swallenii" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="swallenii">Deyeuxia swallenii</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="5C1E8D9466C48D155439D712039A53E9" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deyeuxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deyeuxia swallenii" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="swallenii">Deyeuxia swallenii</taxonomicName>
(Tovar)
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="7E6B2CE8D444793ACCD35C497A1AA56F" originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
, Rev. ~
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deyeuxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deyeuxia" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Deyeuxia</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="A3F3375AE9BA781361CB40FC9D065393" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deyeuxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deyeuxia" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Deyeuxia</taxonomicName>
~ Bolivien 128. 1995. Type: Peru. Huancavelica: Prov. Huancavelica: Tausiri, cerca a Manta, pajonal de Puna, 4500 m alt., 31 Mar. 1953, O. Tovar 1168 (holotype: US (US00133195!); isotypes: GH (GH00023323 [image!]), K (K000308446!), MO (MO115821 [image!]), USM (USM000722 [image!])).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="F8BC5BF170F6D9678D96EB6260C31115" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="comments">
<paragraph id="7902B1A63E3CDA177BDF9B2E815E3F6D" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9DCADEDCF9B3A93555CDFAE531C54CDE" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
Previously known from high Andean regions of Venezuela (
<bibRefCitation author="Hokche, O" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the United States National Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B13" refString="Hokche, O, Berry, PE, Huber, O, 2008. (2008) Nuevo Catalogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela. Fundacion Instituto Botanico de Venezuela, Caracas, 1-859." title="(2008) Nuevo Catalogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela. Fundacion Instituto Botanico de Venezuela, Caracas, 1 - 859." year="2008">Hokche et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="9EE8D61A22824700BE0915DB7BDA0792" author="Hokche, O" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the United States National Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B13" refString="Hokche, O, Berry, PE, Huber, O, 2008. (2008) Nuevo Catalogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela. Fundacion Instituto Botanico de Venezuela, Caracas, 1-859." title="(2008) Nuevo Catalogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela. Fundacion Instituto Botanico de Venezuela, Caracas, 1 - 859." year="2008">Hokche et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Bono, G" editor="Bono, G" journalOrPublisher="Universita degle Studi di Firenze, Firenze" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="127 - 154" refId="B1" refString="Bono, G, 2010. Poaceae. In: Bono, G, Ed., Catalogo de la Flora y Vegetacion de los Valles de la Vertiente Occidental de los Andes de la Cordillera de Merida. Universita degle Studi di Firenze, Firenze: 127 - 154" title="Poaceae." volumeTitle="Catalogo de la Flora y Vegetacion de los Valles de la Vertiente Occidental de los Andes de la Cordillera de Merida." year="2010">Bono 2010</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="D84DD3F875114897B9AB23572C77FE80" author="Bono, G" editor="Bono, G" journalOrPublisher="Universita degle Studi di Firenze, Firenze" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="127 - 154" refId="B1" refString="Bono, G, 2010. Poaceae. In: Bono, G, Ed., Catalogo de la Flora y Vegetacion de los Valles de la Vertiente Occidental de los Andes de la Cordillera de Merida. Universita degle Studi di Firenze, Firenze: 127 - 154" title="Poaceae." volumeTitle="Catalogo de la Flora y Vegetacion de los Valles de la Vertiente Occidental de los Andes de la Cordillera de Merida." year="2010">Bono 2010</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Briceno, B" editor="Morillo, GN" journalOrPublisher="2. Centro Editorial Litoramma C. A., Merida" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="599 - 711" refId="B2" refString="Briceno, B, 2010. Capitulo XXI Familia Poaceae (R.Br.) Barnhart (Gramineae). In: Morillo, GN, Briceno, B, Silva, JF, Eds., Botanica y Ecologia de las Monocotiledoneas de los Paramos en Venezuela, vol. 2. Centro Editorial Litoramma C. A., Merida: 599 - 711" title="Capitulo XXI Familia Poaceae (R. Br.) Barnhart (Gramineae)." volumeTitle="Botanica y Ecologia de las Monocotiledoneas de los Paramos en Venezuela, vol." year="2010">
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<bibRefCitation id="555F3D201B8490DA9AA5C3B309983108" author="Briceno, B" editor="Morillo, GN" journalOrPublisher="2. Centro Editorial Litoramma C. A., Merida" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="599 - 711" refId="B2" refString="Briceno, B, 2010. Capitulo XXI Familia Poaceae (R.Br.) Barnhart (Gramineae). In: Morillo, GN, Briceno, B, Silva, JF, Eds., Botanica y Ecologia de las Monocotiledoneas de los Paramos en Venezuela, vol. 2. Centro Editorial Litoramma C. A., Merida: 599 - 711" title="Capitulo XXI Familia Poaceae (R. Br.) Barnhart (Gramineae)." volumeTitle="Botanica y Ecologia de las Monocotiledoneas de los Paramos en Venezuela, vol." year="2010">
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2010
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), Peru (
<bibRefCitation author="Tovar, O" journalOrPublisher="Ruizia" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 480" refId="B43" refString="Tovar, O, 1993. Las Gramineas (Poaceae) del Peru. Ruizia 13: 1 - 480" title="Las Gramineas (Poaceae) del Peru." volume="13" year="1993">Tovar 1993</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="31B343C834CB540E95FAFF681D952BCF" author="Tovar, O" journalOrPublisher="Ruizia" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 480" refId="B43" refString="Tovar, O, 1993. Las Gramineas (Poaceae) del Peru. Ruizia 13: 1 - 480" title="Las Gramineas (Poaceae) del Peru." volume="13" year="1993">Tovar 1993</bibRefCitation>
), Bolivia (
<bibRefCitation author="Villavicencio, LX" journalOrPublisher="Botanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B45" refString="Villavicencio, LX, 1995. Revision der Gattung Deyeuxia in Bolivien: eine taxonomisch-anatomische Studie der in Bolivien auftretenden Arten der Gattung Deyeuxia. Ph.D. Thesis, Freien Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, 1-304." title="Revision der Gattung Deyeuxia in Bolivien: eine taxonomisch-anatomische Studie der in Bolivien auftretenden Arten der Gattung Deyeuxia. Ph. D. Thesis, Freien Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, 1 - 304." year="1995">Villavicencio 1995</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="CC0F199D7F437B27A2D56D18846D47C7" author="Villavicencio, LX" journalOrPublisher="Botanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B45" refString="Villavicencio, LX, 1995. Revision der Gattung Deyeuxia in Bolivien: eine taxonomisch-anatomische Studie der in Bolivien auftretenden Arten der Gattung Deyeuxia. Ph.D. Thesis, Freien Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, 1-304." title="Revision der Gattung Deyeuxia in Bolivien: eine taxonomisch-anatomische Studie der in Bolivien auftretenden Arten der Gattung Deyeuxia. Ph. D. Thesis, Freien Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, 1 - 304." year="1995">Villavicencio 1995</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Villavicencio, LX" editor="Renvoize, SA" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens Kew" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="181 - 235" refId="B46" refString="Villavicencio, LX, 1998. Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv. In: Renvoize, SA, Ed., , Gramineas de Bolivia. Royal Botanic Gardens Kew: 181 - 235" title="Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv." volumeTitle=", Gramineas de Bolivia." year="1998">1998</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="08C5B32133F2BBCE7F692388682A006B" author="Villavicencio, LX" editor="Renvoize, SA" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens Kew" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="181 - 235" refId="B46" refString="Villavicencio, LX, 1998. Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv. In: Renvoize, SA, Ed., , Gramineas de Bolivia. Royal Botanic Gardens Kew: 181 - 235" title="Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv." volumeTitle=", Gramineas de Bolivia." year="1998">1998</bibRefCitation>
), northern Chile and northwest Argentina (
<bibRefCitation author="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE" editor="Zuloaga, FO" journalOrPublisher="Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="180 - 218" refId="B33" refString="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, 2012. Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv. In: Zuloaga, FO, Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, Anton, AM, Eds., Flora Argentina. Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina: 180 - 218" title="Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv." volumeTitle="Flora Argentina." year="2012">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="206661805F50FA1BF8AE5C8819579638" author="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE" editor="Zuloaga, FO" journalOrPublisher="Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="180 - 218" refId="B33" refString="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, 2012. Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv. In: Zuloaga, FO, Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, Anton, AM, Eds., Flora Argentina. Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina: 180 - 218" title="Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv." volumeTitle="Flora Argentina." year="2012">
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de Agrasar 2012
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). The specimens collected exhibit characters of both
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis heterophylla</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B7BEC7D444A9C900D1EBEDD870877249" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis heterophylla" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophylla">
<emphasis id="03A3C2B1BAB6F351F48F533FED7B9AD5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis heterophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis brevipaleata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevipaleata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis brevipaleata</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="153B8A448ADDAE187A97F5675B102B3D" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis brevipaleata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevipaleata">
<emphasis id="7880A47848D370F13E83E59A0524DB66" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis brevipaleata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Swallen, an Ecuadorian endemic, with both species having heteromorphic leaf blades, the cauline glabrous and those of the innovations pilose. The species bear more affinity to
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. heterophylla" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="heterophylla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. heterophylla</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="823BFCCE7BB03EC792856A7D4D20D943" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. heterophylla" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="heterophylla">
<emphasis id="90D453F47A0D8DC0BC8B9B49021EDD97" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. heterophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the lemmas measure less than 4.2 mm (&gt; 5 mm long in
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. brevipaleata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="brevipaleata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. brevipaleata</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3CE2D9A7DA07B1129BFCE2099362B3B0" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. brevipaleata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="brevipaleata">
<emphasis id="37D85656AB961BE402CDC612054B9C56" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. brevipaleata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and the leaf blades measure &lt;10 cm long (10-25 cm long in
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. brevipaleata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="brevipaleata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. brevipaleata</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6E94C2D634366276512AE8501AC6D4F5" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. brevipaleata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="brevipaleata">
<emphasis id="C41E65BA40312C4B227A9B096DB8CD5E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. brevipaleata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). However, the specimens do have characteristics of
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. brevipaleata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="brevipaleata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. brevipaleata</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E3F5DDF2A2C50151AF2792E8F427CF11" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. brevipaleata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="brevipaleata">
<emphasis id="3412007A85865E8CEC711D8B811705BC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. brevipaleata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in terms of the lemma surfaces, which are smooth proximally and scabrous distally and no great differentiation in width between the cauline and tiller leaf blades.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="specimen examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Specimen examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="1125B948E2B4C0E51FABB281ADEA891C" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="specimen examined">
<paragraph id="F8CFBABD3F9C194C4A1847D0E06AA5A9" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Specimen examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CD466BDAAACD24046487C14128978F77" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
COLOMBIA.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
<emphasis id="84AE57EAFDABC4C3816878AD31B2AF8B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<normalizedToken id="51D839B5EFF4B2589ACFD2C855909FD1" originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Mun. Chiscas,
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="926593BF6D688D66317DBCBE8CBF1502" originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
El Penon, borde de bosque de
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Polylepis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="81273149DA2BBEDEC0743B85728F6CE6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CA0B75E3465D7AE75FEB64D69A33F39B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Polylepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
creciendo sobre roca,
<geoCoordinate degrees="6" direction="north" minutes="36.0714" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="6.60119">6°36.0714'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="C958737B70EC5511A2A2E5853B113473" degrees="6" direction="north" minutes="36.0714" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="6.60119">6°36.0714'N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="26.229" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-72.43715">72°26.229'W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D72ED42B11172873B33457FD91C5BCCE" degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="26.229" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-72.43715">72°26.229'W</geoCoordinate>
, 3917 m alt., 5 Mar. 2018, S.P. Sylvester, R.J. Soreng, W. Bravo &amp; L.E. Cuta 3158 (COL, FMB, K, US).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

View file

@ -1,151 +1,151 @@
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="157293998" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:947EA0C540AC4C6C81E632D12EBAECA6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/947EA0C540AC4C6C81E632D12EBAECA6" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName LSID="5B221BB4-5800-587D-971C-29AB2DE5D9B1" authority="Laegaard, Novon 8 (1): 23 - 25, f. 1 A. 1998." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis carchiensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carchiensis">
<treatment id="947EA0C540AC4C6C81E632D12EBAECA6" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157293998" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:947EA0C540AC4C6C81E632D12EBAECA6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/947EA0C540AC4C6C81E632D12EBAECA6" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" scope_family="Poaceae">
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<paragraph id="2C9E5DE51468539BFA791DF0E18EC9E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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Calamagrostis cf. carchiensis
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lægaard">Laegaard</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="6A3F1CFFFA9E25F4C77A02DBD2961BDC" originalValue="Lægaard">Laegaard</normalizedToken>
, Novon 8(1): 23-25, f. 1A. 1998.
</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Calamagrostis cf. carchiensis Laegaard general habit (scale bar 5 cm) and spikelet. Scale bar: 1 mm; S. P. Sylvester 3049 (FMB)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.122.33032.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305285" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="BC0592791AF27DD61117640426AC012D" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Calamagrostis cf. carchiensis Laegaard general habit (scale bar 5 cm) and spikelet. Scale bar: 1 mm; S. P. Sylvester 3049 (FMB)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.122.33032.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305285" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="439C2D02CFC8AE5AE8211A6DBEC4274C" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="C139BC20BC4743ADD9E240419911EAC7" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8974CD577A4276BAE05E0B033DB2FD36" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
ECUADOR. Napo [
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sucumbíos">Sucumbios</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="21327D17B652E2D33794F00C6DC2E17F" originalValue="Sucumbíos">Sucumbios</normalizedToken>
]:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="541BCBC8F9A7AF2FBBFDD5E1115A3BDA" originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
de Mirador above Cocha Seca, lower
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="AC3E6E35CA6293985D068C369E9EA46C" originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
zone, burned,
<geoCoordinate degrees="00" direction="north" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="0.56666666">00°34'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="6268A6A47F9B09F186C2E449039C16D2" degrees="00" direction="north" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="0.56666666">00°34'N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="77" direction="west" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.65">77°39'W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="1352E70DC51C2942662147074EE94DD6" degrees="77" direction="west" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.65">77°39'W</geoCoordinate>
, 3700-3900 m alt., 23 May 1985, S.
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<normalizedToken id="314A4C2829E71965EC6672657E72ABC1" originalValue="Lægaard">Laegaard</normalizedToken>
54413 (holotype: AAU!; isotypes: K (K000308461!), MO (MO05100301 [image!]), QCA (QCA78857 [image!]), QCNE, US (US00588939!)).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis carchiensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carchiensis">Calamagrostis cf. carchiensis</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lægaard">Laegaard</normalizedToken>
<caption id="0434CF243D64D3074EC0CD4F555722A1" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3238767" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.122.33032.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305285" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="7B578B760D3877B25EC9212B70F0530A" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="3AFC27A2C122178AB2B644F6A9A692F7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8DEB3F9E0773ACBB1904FA90AE72B9FF" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis carchiensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carchiensis">Calamagrostis cf. carchiensis</taxonomicName>
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general habit (scale bar 5 cm) and spikelet. Scale bar: 1 mm; S.P. Sylvester 3049 (FMB).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="12748B1FD6CDDFC2E2D71CC35624773C" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="comments">
<paragraph id="51E9EA39CA4F35A534188C359E6471AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E34FAC555B5C7E9F51C4844BBC19903" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
Previously considered endemic to Ecuador with a global conservation status of VU B1ab(iii) - Vulnerable (
<bibRefCitation author="Leon-Yanez, SR" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B19" refString="Leon-Yanez, SR, Valencia-Reyes, NC, Pitman, A, Endara, L, Ulloa-Ulloa, C, Navarrete, H, 2011. Libro Rojo de Plantas Endemicas de Ecuador, Edicion 2. Herbario QCA, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador, Quito, 1-957." title="Libro Rojo de Plantas Endemicas de Ecuador, Edicion 2. Herbario QCA, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador, Quito, 1 - 957." year="2011">
<normalizedToken originalValue="León">Leon</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yánez">Yanez</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="56B26A0A0C51E3B7F3247C88B26DD8A6" author="Leon-Yanez, SR" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B19" refString="Leon-Yanez, SR, Valencia-Reyes, NC, Pitman, A, Endara, L, Ulloa-Ulloa, C, Navarrete, H, 2011. Libro Rojo de Plantas Endemicas de Ecuador, Edicion 2. Herbario QCA, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador, Quito, 1-957." title="Libro Rojo de Plantas Endemicas de Ecuador, Edicion 2. Herbario QCA, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador, Quito, 1 - 957." year="2011">
<normalizedToken id="5009FF79272299CFCF67AE8D176667EB" originalValue="León">Leon</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="B7B3B25AF81B4B5CADBF190B8F7DA1AC" originalValue="Yánez">Yanez</normalizedToken>
et al. 2011
</bibRefCitation>
). The voucher specimen collected matches the species description in every aspect apart from its having two anthers as opposed to one. The number of anthers is taxonomically informative in the genus
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D6F93BA79A3645B11764DBADD6D55D9E" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2D2B839F4024A8486992FE094BE6E81E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and it may be that the Sylvester 3049 specimen should be considered as a distinct taxon, although further research including molecular analysis is needed to clarify this.
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/3391886" author="Laegaard, S" journalOrPublisher="Novon" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="23 - 30" refId="B17" refString="Laegaard, S, 1998. New species and names in Ecuadorian grasses (Poaceae). Novon 8 (1): 23 - 30, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3391886" title="New species and names in Ecuadorian grasses (Poaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/3391886" volume="8" year="1998">Laegaard (1998)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="483E81279207EE3022C323C8E78249BD" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/3391886" author="Laegaard, S" journalOrPublisher="Novon" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="23 - 30" refId="B17" refString="Laegaard, S, 1998. New species and names in Ecuadorian grasses (Poaceae). Novon 8 (1): 23 - 30, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3391886" title="New species and names in Ecuadorian grasses (Poaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/3391886" volume="8" year="1998">Laegaard (1998)</bibRefCitation>
noted that
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis carchiensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carchiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis carchiensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="28769932E1A75B894C572C8674B671C0" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis carchiensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carchiensis">
<emphasis id="94BF4FD3D1FD678A931A296816D78E84" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis carchiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bears affinity to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pilg" authorityYear="1908" baseAuthorityName="Pilg" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis bogotensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis bogotensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6E487968B67844E45B0EF872DA2AA72E" authorityName="Pilg" authorityYear="1908" baseAuthorityName="Pilg" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis bogotensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
<emphasis id="B961D7EEC691D25F6F9E0AD3213DC8FA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis bogotensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Pilg.) Pilg., especially in terms of florets with a single anther.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="159A32F5F6A2C7EC58587E7461DEAF7D" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="49D72F31E91B6BA66D68C016D678ADEC" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C070D9C34E7C10BA70EADD6CB83CEABF" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
COLOMBIA.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
<emphasis id="38C388A118ED9E10BC03AD3606E94B94" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<normalizedToken id="BB1BCD0D443E5F2D07321878D2805232" originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Mun. Duitama,
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<normalizedToken id="743AB192D03D0819EC853FB3BD60CBF5" originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
de Agueros, via que conduce a Vereda de Avendanos,
<geoCoordinate degrees="05" direction="north" minutes="54.527" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="5.9087834">05°54.527'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="3669095ADB45FD5B0F906EF9C4251BE7" degrees="05" direction="north" minutes="54.527" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="5.9087834">05°54.527'N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="03.761" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-73.06268">73°03.761'W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="8F6F7B29A59D9D972EEADF6511266F37" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="03.761" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-73.06268">73°03.761'W</geoCoordinate>
, 3445 m alt., 28 Oct. 2017, S. P. Sylvester, W. Bravo &amp; J. Aguilar 3049 (COL, FMB, K, US).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

View file

@ -1,88 +1,88 @@
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">ECUADOR. Crece en las pajonales del Pichincha entre 3650 y 4200 m, Sodiro s.n. (not located).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7F2AB9DC2BE5198F4E6BD5473E1E958B" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">ECUADOR. Crece en las pajonales del Pichincha entre 3650 y 4200 m, Sodiro s.n. (not located).</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Known only from the type and the identity of this taxon remains ambiguous.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D928772BC5E701A65470D9002574EB69" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Known only from the type and the identity of this taxon remains ambiguous.</paragraph>
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<treatment id="BB21A31BC679454334285C6CFEB511C9" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157293996" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB21A31BC679454334285C6CFEB511C9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB21A31BC679454334285C6CFEB511C9" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" scope_family="Poaceae">
<subSubSection id="26C9D5735D141032E8D747D72BAD2051" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="4BE3945701D5752F13530DFD5788F266" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="AA576D0613A7E4E8FFB876A29779AC70" ID-CoL="6973D" LSID="090F17F3-68FD-5DFA-8F9F-3FB1185C4F88" authority="(Luces) B. Briceno, Bot. Ecol. Monocot. Paramos Venezuela. 2: 590. 2010. Agrostis meridensis Luces, Bol. Soc. Venez. Ci. Nat. 15 (80): 11. 1953." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis meridensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="meridensis">
Calamagrostis meridensis (Luces) B.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Briceño">Briceno</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="78BCF1A3E967BC0B5886179896ACC2E0" originalValue="Briceño">Briceno</normalizedToken>
, Bot. Ecol. Monocot.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramos">Paramos</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="CBD484AC91E105D85661AEF90F187075" originalValue="Páramos">Paramos</normalizedToken>
Venezuela. 2: 590. 2010. Agrostis meridensis Luces, Bol. Soc. Venez. Ci. Nat. 15(80): 11. 1953.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="6A5E77184F32DB89D114FC193D3536BD" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D3803C60E01D7FC4F95B47F391FBC44E" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="021D09EA50F492FBE79E34FA3F9FFFE5" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
VENEZUELA.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mérida">Merida</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="34A5A331188DABFBD9B80F5A18BC7630" originalValue="Mérida">Merida</normalizedToken>
: coleccionado en el bosque de la Laguna Negra,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="D5F04033A32597B22B412CEA784B662B" originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
de Muchuchies, alt.: 3500 m, 25 Nov. 1943, Zoraida Luces de Febres 267 (holotype: VEN; isotype: MO (MO1086043! [image!]) fragm. ex VEN)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<bibRefCitation author="Briceno, B" editor="Morillo, GN" journalOrPublisher="2. Centro Editorial Litoramma C. A., Merida" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="599 - 711" refId="B2" refString="Briceno, B, 2010. Capitulo XXI Familia Poaceae (R.Br.) Barnhart (Gramineae). In: Morillo, GN, Briceno, B, Silva, JF, Eds., Botanica y Ecologia de las Monocotiledoneas de los Paramos en Venezuela, vol. 2. Centro Editorial Litoramma C. A., Merida: 599 - 711" title="Capitulo XXI Familia Poaceae (R. Br.) Barnhart (Gramineae)." volumeTitle="Botanica y Ecologia de las Monocotiledoneas de los Paramos en Venezuela, vol." year="2010">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Briceño">Briceno</normalizedToken>
<subSubSection id="FEDAC3FD843332D3FD708799DCA820CC" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="comments">
<paragraph id="23B075730B5FC2322C57D09674E96D9B" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EC56CDFFE510FEEEBE360B70763119A8" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<bibRefCitation id="EDF809F20387242F5B91E0BE6407919F" author="Briceno, B" editor="Morillo, GN" journalOrPublisher="2. Centro Editorial Litoramma C. A., Merida" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="599 - 711" refId="B2" refString="Briceno, B, 2010. Capitulo XXI Familia Poaceae (R.Br.) Barnhart (Gramineae). In: Morillo, GN, Briceno, B, Silva, JF, Eds., Botanica y Ecologia de las Monocotiledoneas de los Paramos en Venezuela, vol. 2. Centro Editorial Litoramma C. A., Merida: 599 - 711" title="Capitulo XXI Familia Poaceae (R. Br.) Barnhart (Gramineae)." volumeTitle="Botanica y Ecologia de las Monocotiledoneas de los Paramos en Venezuela, vol." year="2010">
<normalizedToken id="DDCDB81BDF153DFF40358031F2A3861F" originalValue="Briceño">Briceno</normalizedToken>
(2010)
</bibRefCitation>
proposed the new combination of
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis meridensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="meridensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis meridensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73498869E8D7AE866CAD717C3F896C5A" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis meridensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="meridensis">
<emphasis id="494BCA35D56E63F325327F2DED7C7B64" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis meridensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for a taxon endemic to
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="1481F49D7130A02D1BBDE88BEDAC9E21" originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
of Venezuela.
<bibRefCitation author="Briceno, B" editor="Morillo, GN" journalOrPublisher="2. Centro Editorial Litoramma C. A., Merida" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="599 - 711" refId="B2" refString="Briceno, B, 2010. Capitulo XXI Familia Poaceae (R.Br.) Barnhart (Gramineae). In: Morillo, GN, Briceno, B, Silva, JF, Eds., Botanica y Ecologia de las Monocotiledoneas de los Paramos en Venezuela, vol. 2. Centro Editorial Litoramma C. A., Merida: 599 - 711" title="Capitulo XXI Familia Poaceae (R. Br.) Barnhart (Gramineae)." volumeTitle="Botanica y Ecologia de las Monocotiledoneas de los Paramos en Venezuela, vol." year="2010">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Briceño">Briceno</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="417FAF1303EC58D2DF5EFBFF95681505" author="Briceno, B" editor="Morillo, GN" journalOrPublisher="2. Centro Editorial Litoramma C. A., Merida" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="599 - 711" refId="B2" refString="Briceno, B, 2010. Capitulo XXI Familia Poaceae (R.Br.) Barnhart (Gramineae). In: Morillo, GN, Briceno, B, Silva, JF, Eds., Botanica y Ecologia de las Monocotiledoneas de los Paramos en Venezuela, vol. 2. Centro Editorial Litoramma C. A., Merida: 599 - 711" title="Capitulo XXI Familia Poaceae (R. Br.) Barnhart (Gramineae)." volumeTitle="Botanica y Ecologia de las Monocotiledoneas de los Paramos en Venezuela, vol." year="2010">
<normalizedToken id="17AE87030300B60693245F944D533397" originalValue="Briceño">Briceno</normalizedToken>
(2010)
</bibRefCitation>
transferred the species from
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Agrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Agrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Agrostis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3B52FD4EAC66845E759111035CA6E6BD" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Agrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Agrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="960DF65D0F018B1EE82DFC84A51DC5E9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Agrostis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B551CC1F7BD63D5876692E7719E6841F" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="347F961CECAD8BAB630032A682E96A11" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on the upper glume having 2-3 veins and anatomical characters such as all vascular bundles having a double sheath and without a notably angular shape and short cells over the veins can be solitary, in pairs or in short series. However, the species habit is noted as long rhizomatous to stoloniferous with geniculate culms, a habit unknown in
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FCC923583EF7CFD4067EBBEA45E635C9" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7AE0904E84A328C828D6C564EDDDF0A7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B9ECF747B3A975D8995750CDAD08212F" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C6E48612F5522D231F1A324877D23F7C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which are tufted or very-short rhizomatous and tussock-forming. This taxon is most likely a species of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Scribner &amp; Merrill" authorityYear="1910" baseAuthorityName="Grisebach" class="Monocots" family="Poaceae" genus="Podagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Podagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Podagrostis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="71E4239681D62FB65522E17DF7D05E4C" authorityName="Scribner &amp; Merrill" authorityYear="1910" baseAuthorityName="Grisebach" class="Monocots" family="Poaceae" genus="Podagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Podagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="939792C630F45938AF11E61DB867B3EB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Podagrostis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Griseb.) Scribn. &amp; Merr. based on the small spikelets (2.6-3.8 mm long), palea subequal to the lemma, awn often lacking, a rachilla extension that is usually absent or, when present, very short and glabrescent, a callus glabrous or rarely with scarce short hairs and short anthers 0.7-1 mm long. The number of veins of the upper glume has been considered as a distinguishing character to differentiate
<taxonomicName authorityName="Scribner &amp; Merrill" authorityYear="1910" baseAuthorityName="Grisebach" class="Monocots" family="Poaceae" genus="Podagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Podagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Podagrostis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="116E487395A809D1969057AC52566CA4" authorityName="Scribner &amp; Merrill" authorityYear="1910" baseAuthorityName="Grisebach" class="Monocots" family="Poaceae" genus="Podagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Podagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4D3D8F28E28873C14D9D660F658D90C6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Podagrostis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CC7884BA1EC50F6C69AFA7D058C6F557" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="42CF8038221F27B0D747A64DC6F5524E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g.
<bibRefCitation author="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE" editor="Zuloaga, FO" journalOrPublisher="Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="180 - 218" refId="B33" refString="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, 2012. Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv. In: Zuloaga, FO, Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, Anton, AM, Eds., Flora Argentina. Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina: 180 - 218" title="Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv." volumeTitle="Flora Argentina." year="2012">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="D2B58D1FB4876A6E77C4E386C8D85A26" author="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE" editor="Zuloaga, FO" journalOrPublisher="Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="180 - 218" refId="B33" refString="Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, 2012. Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv. In: Zuloaga, FO, Rugolo de Agrasar, ZE, Anton, AM, Eds., Flora Argentina. Poaceae: Pooideae Volumen 3 Tomo 2. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina: 180 - 218" title="Deyeuxia Clarion ex P. Beauv." volumeTitle="Flora Argentina." year="2012">
<normalizedToken id="F394A80D1FE124BD1E7B4D7227323BCE" originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
de Agrasar 2012
</bibRefCitation>
) but the recent discovery of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sylvester &amp; Soreng" authorityYear="2019" class="Monocots" family="Poaceae" genus="Podagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Podagrostis colombiana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="colombiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Podagrostis colombiana</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1216760DD2A29E3AE20B235EA8E18661" authorityName="Sylvester &amp; Soreng" authorityYear="2019" class="Monocots" family="Poaceae" genus="Podagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Podagrostis colombiana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="colombiana">
<emphasis id="22459EE4191638E07A3FAD3D81C76CF1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Podagrostis colombiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Sylvester &amp; Soreng (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-019-9814-5" author="Sylvester, SP" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the United States National Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B42" refString="Sylvester, SP, Soreng, RJ, Giraldo-Canas, D, in press. Podagrostiscolombiana sp. nov. (Poaceae): A new genus record and species for Colombia. Kew Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-019-9814-5" title="Podagrostiscolombiana sp. nov. (Poaceae): A new genus record and species for Colombia. Kew Bulletin." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-019-9814-5" year="in press">Sylvester et al. in press</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="7920D84A46525B50C2104F771056CF7A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-019-9814-5" author="Sylvester, SP" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the United States National Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B42" refString="Sylvester, SP, Soreng, RJ, Giraldo-Canas, D, in press. Podagrostiscolombiana sp. nov. (Poaceae): A new genus record and species for Colombia. Kew Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-019-9814-5" title="Podagrostiscolombiana sp. nov. (Poaceae): A new genus record and species for Colombia. Kew Bulletin." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12225-019-9814-5" year="in press">Sylvester et al. in press</bibRefCitation>
) from the Colombian Andes with well-developed lateral veins of the upper glume, large anthers and tussock-forming habit has shown these characters to be labile in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Scribner &amp; Merrill" authorityYear="1910" baseAuthorityName="Grisebach" class="Monocots" family="Poaceae" genus="Podagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Podagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Podagrostis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F52651D0ABA6780CEF9B7FD530734A8B" authorityName="Scribner &amp; Merrill" authorityYear="1910" baseAuthorityName="Grisebach" class="Monocots" family="Poaceae" genus="Podagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Podagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="04210E2C83ABB121E37FFB3D4D54BBD1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Podagrostis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>

View file

@ -1,122 +1,122 @@
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="157293993" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C9180A2C2AC389E0C14BF03867ECB117" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C9180A2C2AC389E0C14BF03867ECB117" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<taxonomicName LSID="DC2607A8-1EE6-5088-8262-BEF59E95AC49" authority="Hack. ex Sodiro, Revista Col. Nac. Vicente Rocafuerte 12: 64. 1930. Calamagrostis sodiroana Hack., Anales Univ. Centr. Ecuador 3 (25): 481. 1889, nom. nud." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deyeuxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deyeuxia sodiroana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sodiroana">Deyeuxia sodiroana Hack. ex Sodiro, Revista Col. Nac. Vicente Rocafuerte 12: 64. 1930. Calamagrostis sodiroana Hack., Anales Univ. Centr. Ecuador 3(25): 481. 1889, nom. nud.</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="AA7557B8D30DE904931F685C2C6F13B3" LSID="DC2607A8-1EE6-5088-8262-BEF59E95AC49" authority="Hack. ex Sodiro, Revista Col. Nac. Vicente Rocafuerte 12: 64. 1930. Calamagrostis sodiroana Hack., Anales Univ. Centr. Ecuador 3 (25): 481. 1889, nom. nud." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deyeuxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deyeuxia sodiroana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sodiroana">Deyeuxia sodiroana Hack. ex Sodiro, Revista Col. Nac. Vicente Rocafuerte 12: 64. 1930. Calamagrostis sodiroana Hack., Anales Univ. Centr. Ecuador 3(25): 481. 1889, nom. nud.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<paragraph id="F6AB4B6D246A7AF957697FBD14E25C15" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="04D26FA6E3D46B1F51F2994EE5D5F243" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
ECUADOR. Pichincha: Crece en los pajonales de los montes Pichincha, Chimborazo y El Altar [occid. M. Pichincha, Tablahuasi], Aug. 1888, L. Sodiro 25/10 (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">lectotype, designated here</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A22C88381E106775EF2D29F0B8453663" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">lectotype, designated here</emphasis>
: W (W1916-0037841 [image!]); isolectotype: W (W1916-0037840 [image!])).
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<paragraph id="E354D259ED741941236D089612DCF28E" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3F27BF063E3667770A9B194B6427F041" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
Known only from the type collected in Ecuador,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hack. ex Sodiro" authorityYear="1889" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis sodiroana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sodiroana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis sodiroana</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="720F761C09BDFDE0C284ECDB4EE6D26F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis sodiroana</emphasis>
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likely belongs to
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4BA92048033C5D574ADCF529F79EF16B" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="277126061E07A2043681034ACD690A65" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia</emphasis>
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sensu
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" author="Saarela, JM" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 139" refId="B35" refString="Saarela, JM, Bull, RD, Paradis, M, Ebata, SN, Peterson, PM, Soreng, RJ, Paszko, B, 2017. Molecular phylogenetics of cool-season grasses in the subtribes Agrostidinae, Anthoxanthinae, Aveninae, Brizinae, Calothecinae, Koeleriinae and Phalaridinae (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae, Poeae chloroplast group 1). PhytoKeys 87: 1 - 139, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" title="Molecular phylogenetics of cool-season grasses in the subtribes Agrostidinae, Anthoxanthinae, Aveninae, Brizinae, Calothecinae, Koeleriinae and Phalaridinae (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae, Poeae chloroplast group 1)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" volume="87" year="2017">Saarela et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="2F1EF361B3EB1C9C93E282C9739ECA02" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" author="Saarela, JM" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 139" refId="B35" refString="Saarela, JM, Bull, RD, Paradis, M, Ebata, SN, Peterson, PM, Soreng, RJ, Paszko, B, 2017. Molecular phylogenetics of cool-season grasses in the subtribes Agrostidinae, Anthoxanthinae, Aveninae, Brizinae, Calothecinae, Koeleriinae and Phalaridinae (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae, Poeae chloroplast group 1). PhytoKeys 87: 1 - 139, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" title="Molecular phylogenetics of cool-season grasses in the subtribes Agrostidinae, Anthoxanthinae, Aveninae, Brizinae, Calothecinae, Koeleriinae and Phalaridinae (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae, Poeae chloroplast group 1)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.87.12774" volume="87" year="2017">Saarela et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
, earlier to
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Calamagrostis</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="53FC86D253EE298DD2764984BC65AB48" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="F9D1E19EDC5F6BC8529AE41B3A604C3E" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Calamagrostis</taxonomicName>
sect.
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Deyeuxia">Deyeuxia</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="534AED01376F534E0D5CD2E2F5A19DAC" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Deyeuxia">Deyeuxia</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
subsect.
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Stylagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus" subsection="Stylagrostis">Stylagrostis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="8663C3F9988AB7F0EEBE6F1F21DF67F6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Stylagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus" subsection="Stylagrostis">Stylagrostis</taxonomicName>
due to the rachilla internode being extended between the glumes and floret. This species bears affinities to
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia parodiana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parodiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia parodiana</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6122371041300160BF3DD56CCE5E044B" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia parodiana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parodiana">
<emphasis id="42CCA999270CC046A413BD214A079785" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia parodiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia podophora" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="podophora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia podophora</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="034D05CA373E07317D5F9660B48A8F54" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia podophora" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="podophora">
<emphasis id="409377BAF9BD853958332E8E7BB21FB5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia podophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to its open panicle and straight awn that usually does not or only slightly surpasses the glumes and blades usually much shorter than the flowering culms (
<bibRefCitation author="Sodiro, L" journalOrPublisher="Revista del Colegio Nacional Vicente Rocafuerte" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="55 - 96" refId="B36" refString="Sodiro, L, 1930. Sertulae florae Ecuadorensis. Ser. 4. Gramineas Ecuatorianas, part 2. Revista del Colegio Nacional Vicente Rocafuerte 11 (40-41): 55 - 96" title="Sertulae florae Ecuadorensis. Ser. 4. Gramineas Ecuatorianas, part 2." volume="11" year="1930">Sodiro 1930</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="013617CDEE2D102209C9324B4AA8FC16" author="Sodiro, L" journalOrPublisher="Revista del Colegio Nacional Vicente Rocafuerte" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="55 - 96" refId="B36" refString="Sodiro, L, 1930. Sertulae florae Ecuadorensis. Ser. 4. Gramineas Ecuatorianas, part 2. Revista del Colegio Nacional Vicente Rocafuerte 11 (40-41): 55 - 96" title="Sertulae florae Ecuadorensis. Ser. 4. Gramineas Ecuatorianas, part 2." volume="11" year="1930">Sodiro 1930</bibRefCitation>
: 70; Zulma
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="67B6EF7F1F8BC13D71A586C6FA225131" originalValue="Rúgolo">Rugolo</normalizedToken>
de Agrasar, pers. comm.).
</paragraph>
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View file

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@ -93,7 +94,7 @@ from Pará,
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COLOMBIA. Cundinamarca: Mun. Santa Rosa-Usme, Sumapaz
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, by Laguna Larga, in swamp at the edge of the lake in open
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country, 3700 m alt., 19 Aug. 1985, J.R.I. Wood 5033 (holotype: FMB (FMB11918!); isotypes: COL (COL000434793!), K [2 sheets]!).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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whole plant
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anther
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spikelet at maturity with anthers
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lemma, abaxial view
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palea, abaxial view
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upper glume, abaxial view
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lower glume, abaxial view
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floret
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">I</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A65F96293DA000F710BE3095E0934AD7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">I</emphasis>
spikelet and pedicel, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">J</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B92C9227D44FF42CFFB37E4A2E9C5D35" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">J</emphasis>
ligule; drawn by Juliet Beentje from the isotype, J.R.I. Wood 5033 (K).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sylvester" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia podophora var. mutica" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="podophora" variety="mutica">Deschampsia podophora var. mutica</taxonomicName>
<subSubSection id="FF75F7D9C3F01139BF81AB45B8F30BC6" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="07FC598F9AA132B99EE0DD7BFBF375AA" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B23BEC9DE1A3401194F4F66915B87E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="1BC31CAA5B40CBF94F421FBF7A570F5F" authorityName="Sylvester" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia podophora var. mutica" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="podophora" variety="mutica">Deschampsia podophora var. mutica</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. podophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="podophora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D. podophora</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="452579C8C491A16550770AEA755E4AD8" lsidName="D. podophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="podophora">
<emphasis id="738205DA826E90963BFBF675833F46CA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D. podophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the lemmas being muticous and lacking awns (vs. lemmas usually with a well-developed dorsal awn inserted in the lower or middle third of the spikelet, measuring 1.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="3.5(">-3.5(-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="9F8206BD68D8D13B6FD467F2C3904449" originalValue="3.5(">-3.5(-</normalizedToken>
4) mm long and usually not surpassing the glumes), tussock-forming habit with multiple culms and leaves mainly cauline, without a basal mat clearly shorter than the flowering culms (vs. plants forming short isolated tufts with solitary culms and the leaves forming a short basal mat clearly shorter than the largely exerted flowering culms), inflorescences often sub-included in the sheaths and blades (vs. flowering culms largely exerted from basal mats); leaf blades 11-22 cm long, 0.35-0.6 mm wide when rolled, often dimorphic, those of the innovations filiform and cylindrical to subelliptic in outline, while upper flowering culm blades 6.5-25 cm long, 2-7 mm wide when opened out, usually wider and flat, conduplicate or convolute towards the pungent apices (vs. leaf blades 5-8 cm long, 2-3 mm wide, not clearly dimorphic, with all blades flat or conduplicate, apices obtuse), ligules 4-11 mm long (vs. ligules generally longer, 10-22 mm long), anthers (1.4
<normalizedToken originalValue=")1.8">-)1.8-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="6734BFB9BA852921DFA46BF6E27EDB64" originalValue=")1.8">-)1.8-</normalizedToken>
1.9 mm long (vs. anthers (0.7
<normalizedToken originalValue=")1.2">-)1.2-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="641438066F36A1656CE14BBDBBF98F4F" originalValue=")1.2">-)1.2-</normalizedToken>
1.5 mm long), upper glume lateral veins reaching from
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="35FED69C8EC858C011200146A2C3ED87" originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
to 2/3 the length of the glume (vs. upper glume lateral veins short, &lt;
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="31333CAFFAC6C21576255CB79AE221D5" originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
length of glume).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Tufted perennial</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="83A64F01C9F060A63AFA38A5C428F2F3" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph id="1E8BFDF665BF8F9E4CA3F962F7B9A33A" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="32A3A61E1C06114332A50DE56CF97AE7" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="C7C8769693FAA68DB37436FE7881A896" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Tufted perennial</emphasis>
with vertical rhizomes forming medium-sized tussocks with leaf blades both basal and cauline and some cauline blades often surpassing the inflorescence.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Culms</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1FCF33EC862DFCFA13B276FC4DF1AFDB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Culms</emphasis>
26-110 cm tall, to 3 mm wide, erect, striate, nodes and internodes terete, smooth and lustrous; nodes hidden in the sheaths with no nodes exposed at flowering; uppermost internodes 23-32.5 cm long, not, or not pronouncedly, longer than the sheath;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Sheaths</emphasis>
<emphasis id="6C4402606F2BB300BCD7D583F9F1C998" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Sheaths</emphasis>
striate;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">flag leaf sheaths</emphasis>
<emphasis id="7ECE14AEF8AC84D63DE7EFA06E46BCF1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">flag leaf sheaths</emphasis>
22-38 cm long;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">upper culm sheaths</emphasis>
<emphasis id="38B75AFD81C18A6D60C517DE5A13CD33" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">upper culm sheaths</emphasis>
lax, glabrous and smooth;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">basal leaf sheaths</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9F6EFCD3FE9CED894782F14054BCCD5F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">basal leaf sheaths</emphasis>
4.5-20 cm long, glabrous and smooth, longer than the internodes.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Ligules</emphasis>
<emphasis id="0CE399057B5121F6460EA772848665FD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Ligules</emphasis>
not stipulate;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">upper culm ligules</emphasis>
<emphasis id="8D77274F1E22B60DA4447F5F94AD9C07" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">upper culm ligules</emphasis>
7.5-11 mm long, strongly decurrent with the sheaths, long acuminate, membranous to slightly coriaceous, without notable lateral keels, apices erose or narrowly bifid, sometimes fimbriate, abaxial surface smooth;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">ligules of innovations</emphasis>
<emphasis id="337C7063C634ACEC4E59E8A2D2D8F6F7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">ligules of innovations</emphasis>
4-9 mm long, slightly to strongly decurrent with the sheaths, long acuminate, membranous to slightly coriaceous, lateral keels sometimes notable, apices a narrow bifid point, sometimes slightly erose, abaxial surface smooth or sometimes slightly scabrous at the apex.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Leaf blades</emphasis>
<emphasis id="669612926BB157075C260D97981B9B3C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Leaf blades</emphasis>
sometimes dimorphic, those of the innovations filiform and cylindrical to subelliptic in outline while those of the upper flowering culm are usually wider and flat, conduplicate, or convolute towards the apices;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">leaf blades of innovations</emphasis>
<emphasis id="FB71F25D36B1C90941DF1CFDB6104DA6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">leaf blades of innovations</emphasis>
11-22 cm long, 0.35-1 mm wide when rolled or folded, narrow and conduplicate or filiform involute or convolute and cylindrical to subelliptical in outline, rarely completely flat, sometimes opening out to become flat at their apices, straight and erect, glabrous, abaxially smooth, adaxially lightly scaberulous along the veins or rarely smooth, edges smooth or slightly scaberulous, apex obtuse to slightly pungent;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">leaf blades of lower flowering culm</emphasis>
<emphasis id="2E95C79CDA7C641B6F232D687C939B92" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">leaf blades of lower flowering culm</emphasis>
to 1.2 mm wide when rolled or folded, similar to those of the innovations or slightly wider;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">leaf blades of upper flowering culm</emphasis>
<emphasis id="735A30FA22F25E141B85A7FC113952DD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">leaf blades of upper flowering culm</emphasis>
6.5-25 cm long, 2-7 mm wide when opened out, flat, conduplicate or convolute towards the apices, glabrous, abaxially smooth to finely scaberulous, sometimes becoming densely scabrous at the apex, adaxially smooth or scaberulous towards the margins, veins pronounced, numerous and tightly packed, edges smooth or slightly scaberulous, apex acute to pungent;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">flag leaf blade</emphasis>
<emphasis id="663A58F4CA2DDB2601EA9D283D9B0BE9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">flag leaf blade</emphasis>
ca. 2.9 cm long, recurved, slightly narrower than the basal blade.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Panicles</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1806C0B79CB8F5FED663435C8DEFC742" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Panicles</emphasis>
10-25 cm long, 5-8 cm wide, open and diffuse with main axis having long internodes, oval, usually slightly to moderately included in the uppermost sheath and/or blade, greenish-purple, spikelets tending to be laxly glomerate on the distal half of the inflorescence branches with the proximal half usually lacking spikelets;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">main panicle axis</emphasis>
<emphasis id="55C6365FAADA067B546E24FE95A787A5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">main panicle axis</emphasis>
terete to slightly compressed, usually with a narrow groove running down both sides, glabrous, smooth to lightly scaberulous, internodes tending to be very long, lower internode 5.5-11.5 cm long;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">panicle branches</emphasis>
<emphasis id="87315594C5DA9270DDA5300073F7607D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">panicle branches</emphasis>
flexuous, spreading, pendulous or divergent at a 45° angle to slightly ascending; primary panicle branches 1.5-8 cm long, bearing 10 to over 50 spikelets per branch, terete and slightly grooved, verticillate in clusters of 2 or 3, glabrous, almost smooth to lightly scabrous;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">pedicels</emphasis>
<emphasis id="3C20327BD0429707C360EEF23E8DA819" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">pedicels</emphasis>
0.5-2.5 mm long, usually shorter than the spikelets, glabrous, lightly scabrous.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Glumes</emphasis>
<emphasis id="875AF873787D44CD7FD2B06DCCD2DC24" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Glumes</emphasis>
4.5-4.9 mm long, subequal, the lower glume 0.3-0.6 mm shorter than the upper glume, membranous, purplish-green, lustrous, smooth or sometimes lightly scabrous throughout the keel of the upper glume;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">lower glume</emphasis>
<emphasis id="D39C5724CD51DB705589471A7A7E4E2F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">lower glume</emphasis>
1-veined, apex usually bidentate, less frequently finely denticulate or erose;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">upper glume</emphasis>
<emphasis id="F5C191C7BC1E0DAF067D59DDDC5BDD55" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">upper glume</emphasis>
3-veined, lateral veins reaching from
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="BA15EF9443516B17DD5C34D9B3A95842" originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
to 2/3 the length of the glume, apex usually acuminate, sometimes finely denticulate.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Floret</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DD68E5B4F0E139269606F0C90E83D93B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Floret</emphasis>
stipitate, much shorter than the glumes, never passing the apex of the lower glume.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Lemmas</emphasis>
<emphasis id="6B84C69FC054C8CB535708E23767AA08" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Lemmas</emphasis>
2.8-3.4 mm long, of the same consistency as the glumes, light green with purple tinges towards apex, becoming golden at maturity, glabrous, smooth with the keel apex rarely scaberulous, apex truncate and denticulate, usually with 5 clearly distinguished teeth, 0.3 mm long, and erose between the teeth, 5-veined, veins not evident; muticous and lacking an awn.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Rachilla</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A4A22010BCC24C68BC727DE617800007" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Rachilla</emphasis>
1.5-2.5 mm long, reaching from 2/3 to 4/5 the length of the lemma, with copious short to medium-sized hairs 0.5-1.4 mm long, the hairs reaching from 4/5 to almost the apex of the lemma and usually surpassing the palea, apex of rachilla often clavate.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Stamens</emphasis>
<emphasis id="AAE864FE56582A5523A0869A01671D14" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Stamens</emphasis>
3, anthers (1.4
<normalizedToken originalValue=")1.8">-)1.8-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="D1EADF3496F56B14A9294011C9FCF1E1" originalValue=")1.8">-)1.8-</normalizedToken>
1.9 mm long.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="4ABA97258BC6B69AE9FA4E2D31CE53C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="C8B1AF63D5B365222A3E0B90DA64D373" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6892DAB80BA329CB0A4FB53160C4238A" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
Endemic to Colombia. Known from
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="BC0E12512FFCD6CA6A072528A6D1FE78" originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
of the Cordillera Oriental and Cordillera Central of the Colombian Andes. For the Cordillera Oriental, the species is known from Departamento Cundinamarca municipalities Usme and Santa Rosa and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="7FCD02A49D8682454828A64B12B0F80A" originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
Pisba of Departamento
<normalizedToken originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="3C3F91E812837956D121C8B531E10AC0" originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
. For the Cordillera Central, the species is known from
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="3954544130D39374329239CE0435CC33" originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
del Quindio and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramos">Paramos</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="20F531FE037E6C5FCA520806DCED62CF" originalValue="Páramos">Paramos</normalizedToken>
de la Laguna del Mosquito of Departamento Caldas. Found in humid, swampy areas, often by rivers or lakes and less often in more mesic habitats, such as road verges (presumed damp). The type specimens were collected from swampy areas bordering the Laguna Larga of the Sumapaz
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="FD7440CF3F891780526E8DA5DFB68A6A" originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
in Cundinamarca. The holotype shows signs of grazing, with blades and culms abruptly cut.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="EDF935D09B8F43A845C0BB655E8A6418" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="38CBDAE8C32C7B52001957094D9ECD38" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E489D0059195C0322F319D5BD0FB4E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
COLOMBIA.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
<emphasis id="0756B219BBE4C5874C7A5801D581B8B0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<normalizedToken id="FA5599719856A2FA45F5F292EFB22B0E" originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Mun. Socota:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="24682ED1349EBF6A5B9FEA0DBD9D76F8" originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
Pisba,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Peña">Pena</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="A639EB9890F9216333479159E204C4C9" originalValue="Peña">Pena</normalizedToken>
Negra, lagoon &quot;Choro Negro&quot;,
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="03CAD309B26EB4314BD35405ED4D6DA4" originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
with
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis effusa" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="effusa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis effusa</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A3693682789D2360B3E66C98A6FDEDF1" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis effusa" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="effusa">
<emphasis id="20B04307F9759CEC67460B5B844C2FAF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis effusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Espeletia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Espeletia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Espeletia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F1D24F341A3799BC52A74D3E8D2A50E3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Espeletia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Espeletia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8806C7DAA72734F1CC542126778CA976" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Espeletia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chusquea" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Liliopsida" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Chusquea</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="892376028E70FB999F6067450BDA4F31" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chusquea" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Liliopsida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2F1771A0F1C47B61A9B9B71BE888CC0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Chusquea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Diplostephium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diplostephium" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Diplostephium</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B5D7247E4D1820DB36EFBFDA2B1282DE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Diplostephium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diplostephium" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FBBF5FA340544ED613598CA6FD845858" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Diplostephium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. etc., swampy, 3500 m alt., 11 Feb. 1999, D.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Stančik">Stancik</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="5A25CB9CD8416006FA87F2BA7B016177" originalValue="Stančik">Stancik</normalizedToken>
&amp; S. Medina 2351 (COL-000184768; FMB-051200);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="E309CA088AFC044A96F8B44DF7E20B54" originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
Pisba, Alto de Calarca, humid grassy
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="28DB53EEBE5C618CD71461B9DC22C3B9" originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
with
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis effusa" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="effusa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis effusa</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="16D6A0D12FAFC88D33E2B11A38234433" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis effusa" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="effusa">
<emphasis id="45E70CD7DFB04649FE9B1AA6C0EEBDA3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis effusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Espeletia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Espeletia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Espeletia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1C908612671FEFF8D3ADEFB801EC04EE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Espeletia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Espeletia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4B9209AFA2A30AEC3AC420121108E459" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Espeletia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chusquea" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Liliopsida" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Chusquea</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="843961949F673E14FF8B7AB063E1E98A" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chusquea" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Liliopsida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5B2EE0B6AC86050C86789FEDC666972D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Chusquea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. et bunch Grass, 3600 m alt., 11 Feb. 1999, D.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Stančik">Stancik</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="97F28E64AE019A4BAB69836AD56A7897" originalValue="Stančik">Stancik</normalizedToken>
&amp; S. Medina 2331 (FMB-046617).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Caldas</emphasis>
<emphasis id="3178B89304CA671EC0887D9AE47FE133" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Caldas</emphasis>
:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="31A7432D009F560D973F7B8D95AFDD28" originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
del Quindio, swale in
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="60B6D95C4DB71B2C80830E51432272F2" originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
valley, 3700-4200 m alt., 15-20 Aug. 1922, F.W. Pennell &amp; T.E. Hazen 9949 (K); Cordillera Central, cabeceras del
<normalizedToken originalValue="río">rio</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Otúm">Otum</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="AB8D1D4DF0107E156D64764187F6B4AA" originalValue="río">rio</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="EF1F6E8200033305244197B1C99A5FE6" originalValue="Otúm">Otum</normalizedToken>
, bajando del Nevado de Santa Isabel,
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="B71662E33FDE31A395304E5A8503909B" originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
de la Laguna del Mosquito, 3820 m alt., 26 Nov. 1946, J. Cuatrecasas 23233 (K).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Cundinamarca</emphasis>
<emphasis id="871168A5EAA2B25941C1ECD2128420D0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Cundinamarca</emphasis>
: Mun. Usme: Laguna Chizaca, hierba creciendo al lado de la carretera que conduce a la laguna, 26 Jul. 1986, A. Betancur &amp; M. Palacio 44 (HUA-47083);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="A3062E8BDB21646300C91B2C2A3C7505" originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
de Chisaca, growing in marsh near lagoon, 3750 m alt., 30 Sep. 1966, T.R. Soderstrom 1273 (K).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="preliminary conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="DB1E8540F75C9B986DB441E428F3883C" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="preliminary conservation status">
<paragraph id="9750EE57E3EC9ED2F93614960D37AE31" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8277DFF21F97C25E0571A9CB354B3D3B" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
Vulnerable (VU). Despite the species being known from several collections from the Central and Eastern Cordilleras of the Colombian Andes, the
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="B3C73425228968D1D8F445908F19EE8A" originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
of Colombia are currently facing threats of habitat degradation and loss, principally from mining (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat4849" author="Perez-Escobar, OA" journalOrPublisher="Darwiniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B24" refString="Perez-Escobar, OA, Camara-Leret, R, Antonelli, A, Bateman, R, Bellot, S, Chomicki, G, Cleef, A, Diazgranados, M, Dodsworth, S, Jaramillo, C, Madrinan, S, Olivares, I, Zuluaga, A, Bernal, R, 2018. Mining threatens Colombian ecosystems. Science 359: 1475. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat4849" title="Mining threatens Colombian ecosystems. Science 359: 1475." url="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat4849" year="2018">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pérez-Escobar">Perez-Escobar</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="CF465128B2613DADA3F1D24D41E4B319" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat4849" author="Perez-Escobar, OA" journalOrPublisher="Darwiniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B24" refString="Perez-Escobar, OA, Camara-Leret, R, Antonelli, A, Bateman, R, Bellot, S, Chomicki, G, Cleef, A, Diazgranados, M, Dodsworth, S, Jaramillo, C, Madrinan, S, Olivares, I, Zuluaga, A, Bernal, R, 2018. Mining threatens Colombian ecosystems. Science 359: 1475. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat4849" title="Mining threatens Colombian ecosystems. Science 359: 1475." url="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat4849" year="2018">
<normalizedToken id="BE7E4D3CFA7393016375074BBBC8D85F" originalValue="Pérez-Escobar">Perez-Escobar</normalizedToken>
et al. 2018
</bibRefCitation>
) and so a preliminary conservation status of VU is given.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">The varietal epithet refers to the absence of an awn inserted in the dorsal surface of the lemma.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="7ACC4EB9255EAA3938A799448B753791" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="6DBF6531BF8FE316CF3D6A7689BB9FC3" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BD0F2C8B035F2939A63494837A5C18A1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">The varietal epithet refers to the absence of an awn inserted in the dorsal surface of the lemma.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="86DB3A44B9AB216C0CE50C1533A2ADA5" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="notes">
<paragraph id="28B2FEE4176680FBF14794FB504020B4" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC2A53F6CAC87E1ABA93B6432132C83C" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
Certain specimens were encountered which exhibited a mix of the characters mentioned in the diagnosis for separating
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. podophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="podophora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D. podophora</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="86C8BF79FD1B58F14DBA1E4412B06880" lsidName="D. podophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="podophora">
<emphasis id="7909D3A612B413BB5C6454958AC46A77" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D. podophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName infraspecific-rank="var." lsidName="D. podophora var. mutica" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="variety" species="podophora" variety="mutica">D. podophora var. mutica</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="7B68344059FF5942561B0287EF1038F4" infraspecific-rank="var." lsidName="D. podophora var. mutica" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="variety" species="podophora" variety="mutica">D. podophora var. mutica</taxonomicName>
. For example, specimen Cuatrecasas 23233 from the Cordillera Central of Colombia had isomorphic flat leaf blades which formed a basal mat much shorter than the exerted culms but also had awnless spikelets. A few other specimens exhibited the larger habit, i.e. multiple longer culms with longer and wider leaf blades forming tussocks and inflorescences included within sheaths, but with awned spikelets.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
<paragraph id="AF1516985F4F3FCF597A5E2ABC0464A4" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
Specimens of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sylvester" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia podophora var. mutica" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="podophora" variety="mutica">Deschampsia podophora var. mutica</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="C6B1061DDF0DB0575FA0C1243D13D5CC" authorityName="Sylvester" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia podophora var. mutica" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="podophora" variety="mutica">Deschampsia podophora var. mutica</taxonomicName>
were commonly misidentified as
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Poa</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9F40F1564BAEDD0C0231434D8839C1AC" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6DE115DCEE6E0B625E50656E10CED216" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Poa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. in herbaria, most likely due to the lemmas lacking awns. There are very few South American
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="507467150C70D96FE8CB04EE059B58F9" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D11CF2FECBD2C984A4434F906B78ED56" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s.l. that consistently lack awns (see
<normalizedToken originalValue="notes">'notes'</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="E5F2F2F0E0CDE4AD594BB3532D678463" originalValue="notes">'notes'</normalizedToken>
of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sylvester &amp; Soreng" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia santamartensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="santamartensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia santamartensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="31128D49BC04B406129E269199F9D2E6" authorityName="Sylvester &amp; Soreng" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia santamartensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="santamartensis">
<emphasis id="22ED6F0E6130E7F29FD01FF64EC2EFDA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia santamartensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. above) and, of the species not belonging to subsect.
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Stylagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus" subsection="Stylagrostis">Stylagrostis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="D35D367E2327AEB99F4C16B3386CE258" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Stylagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus" subsection="Stylagrostis">Stylagrostis</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6D2F2ACDF604ECEF06B5DEBD09CD6087" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5EAB93AAB1AFC0C0BAF99765AC858C15" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Deschampsia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the closest resembling species is
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis ecuadoriensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ecuadoriensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis ecuadoriensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="24081B31E59B2E90CE530C9CA1619D2B" class="Liliopsida" family="Gramineae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis ecuadoriensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ecuadoriensis">
<emphasis id="27211ED3082B0284AFF0DDC25F217D31" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Calamagrostis ecuadoriensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/3391886" author="Laegaard, S" journalOrPublisher="Novon" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="23 - 30" refId="B17" refString="Laegaard, S, 1998. New species and names in Ecuadorian grasses (Poaceae). Novon 8 (1): 23 - 30, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3391886" title="New species and names in Ecuadorian grasses (Poaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/3391886" volume="8" year="1998">Laegaard (1998)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="4CB392B40209DFC275720A298E5F4062" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/3391886" author="Laegaard, S" journalOrPublisher="Novon" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="23 - 30" refId="B17" refString="Laegaard, S, 1998. New species and names in Ecuadorian grasses (Poaceae). Novon 8 (1): 23 - 30, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3391886" title="New species and names in Ecuadorian grasses (Poaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/3391886" volume="8" year="1998">Laegaard (1998)</bibRefCitation>
, which also has short florets with a pilose rachilla extension and which lack awns. However,
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. ecuadoriensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ecuadoriensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. ecuadoriensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D2AB74B05A15887436CC0884D9E3C601" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Gramineae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. ecuadoriensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ecuadoriensis">
<emphasis id="17AAE0BEEFAF45A5D0C8BEFB540E21CD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. ecuadoriensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be differentiated from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sylvester" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia podophora var. mutica" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="podophora" variety="mutica">Deschampsia podophora var. mutica</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="5823194CD809291160764F4C130BC63E" authorityName="Sylvester" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia podophora var. mutica" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="podophora" variety="mutica">Deschampsia podophora var. mutica</taxonomicName>
by, amongst other things, a) habit, being small tussocks, 20-30 cm high, with leaves mostly basal; b) culms, panicle branches and pedicels densely hispid; c) panicles narrow, ca.1 cm wide; d) anthers 0.8-1 mm long; e) florets only shortly stipitate, with the stipe &lt;0.15 mm long at the base of the glumes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>