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<mods:title>Review of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae): new lineages, new species, and new records</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="AC269AAED2328C18F8315AFB5ECE255D">Review of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae): new lineages, new species, and new records</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Giron, Jennifer C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA & Natural Science Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2B9EA93A162999B3A7D846E202C850DA">Giron, Jennifer C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="278917D9017A51991CDCCED230897358">Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA & Natural Science Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Short, Andrew Edward Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1C0C44369E2B1AAAF0A5A9B6491F17C6">Short, Andrew Edward Z.</mods:namePart>
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<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="results">
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="179905045" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AC8A03A7-CF14-4542-A3D4-AD6F3E4542C2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/85C628544A8D5C25B4E992A035135F9E" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/AC8A03A7-CF14-4542-A3D4-AD6F3E4542C2" authority="Girón & Short, 2021" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares romanoae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="romanoae" status="sp. nov.">Tobochares romanoae</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="93">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Heads of Tobochares spp. A, B T. goias, black mark pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating the eye A dorsal view B anterolateral view C T. fusus D, E T. luteomargo, black mark pointing to straight anterior margin of the eye D dorsal view E anterolateral view F T. romanoae G T. pemon H T. communis I T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512600" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Figs 2F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">, 8A-C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. goias C T. fusus D T. luteomargo E T. pemon F T. anthonyae G T. atures H T. communis I T. microps J T. romanoae K T. akoerio L T. kappel M T. arawak N T. canaima. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.1 mm (E-N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512609" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">, 11J</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Distribution of Tobochares spp." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512611" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">, 13</figureCitation>
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||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Tobochares habitat in Brazil A, B type locality and habitat for T. benettii, seepage near Rio Preto de Eva (collecting event BR 17 - 0610 - 01 A) C type locality and habitat for T. goias, margin of Balneario Lejas (collecting event BR 18 - 0304 - 02 B) D habitat of T. kusad and T. sipaliwini, State of Roraima, near Usina de Jatapu reservoir (collecting Event BR 18 - 0117 - 01 A) E habitat and type locality of T. romanoae, and habitat of T. sipaliwini, State of Roraima, Serra do Tepequem, Igarape Preto Negro, Cachoeira Leje Preta (collecting event BR 18 - 0114 - 04 B) F type locality and habitat of T. fusus, State of Amapa, Calcoene (collecting event BR 18 - 0721 - 02 B)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512612" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">, 14E</figureCitation>
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<subSection id="29DF79FAD05877DC3325F65298651C2D" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="results">
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||||
<treatment id="85C628544A8D5C25B4E992A035135F9E" ID-GBIF-Taxon="179905045" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AC8A03A7-CF14-4542-A3D4-AD6F3E4542C2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/85C628544A8D5C25B4E992A035135F9E" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" scope_family="Hydrophilidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Acidocerinae">
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<subSubSection id="09BE11E2AD78B5284A2630891F11DBE8" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="DBC5CC787B5CFCB5005837D6FA4AF050" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="20543FD898AFA8966D1A9B64CD014833" ID-CoL="8XWTG" LSID="http://zoobank.org/AC8A03A7-CF14-4542-A3D4-AD6F3E4542C2" authority="Girón & Short, 2021" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares romanoae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="romanoae" status="sp. nov.">Tobochares romanoae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1C6470573FADF0D6C07EFA61C80B11DE" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="F18F40C933CD5255CC95AF4E070342D5" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Heads of Tobochares spp. A, B T. goias, black mark pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating the eye A dorsal view B anterolateral view C T. fusus D, E T. luteomargo, black mark pointing to straight anterior margin of the eye D dorsal view E anterolateral view F T. romanoae G T. pemon H T. communis I T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512600" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Figs 2F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="EFAE8B9EBAD6E3A52E4C3C5BE704B29F" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">, 8A-C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="BDEB5973BA4D431C463DCF87EFEC8253" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. goias C T. fusus D T. luteomargo E T. pemon F T. anthonyae G T. atures H T. communis I T. microps J T. romanoae K T. akoerio L T. kappel M T. arawak N T. canaima. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.1 mm (E-N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512609" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">, 11J</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="5AED0171D10ACFD4DC5F8513A3DFD45A" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Distribution of Tobochares spp." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512611" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">, 13</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="F9012CB4DA3AEA7DC73797A77D8DCBB6" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Tobochares habitat in Brazil A, B type locality and habitat for T. benettii, seepage near Rio Preto de Eva (collecting event BR 17 - 0610 - 01 A) C type locality and habitat for T. goias, margin of Balneario Lejas (collecting event BR 18 - 0304 - 02 B) D habitat of T. kusad and T. sipaliwini, State of Roraima, near Usina de Jatapu reservoir (collecting Event BR 18 - 0117 - 01 A) E habitat and type locality of T. romanoae, and habitat of T. sipaliwini, State of Roraima, Serra do Tepequem, Igarape Preto Negro, Cachoeira Leje Preta (collecting event BR 18 - 0114 - 04 B) F type locality and habitat of T. fusus, State of Amapa, Calcoene (collecting event BR 18 - 0721 - 02 B)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512612" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">, 14E</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Type material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Holotype</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="02449CBD92C07ABF7F47E2E3432C689B" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph id="AC9CC8BD7D620E3C6A3DF749E7248799" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Type material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E6A14DC9856CA89DDE892AB286C1EED5" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||||
<emphasis id="AFC5DE526AB3264D7D6884C31673831D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1F6DD560B523E5BF86922314F26274C9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Holotype</emphasis>
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(male)
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</emphasis>
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: "Brazil: Roraima: Amajari;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="3" direction="north" minutes="36.381" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="3.60635">3°36.381'N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="C212926734E87FFD2A7D6C7FDDFA5310" degrees="3" direction="north" minutes="36.381" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="3.60635">3°36.381'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
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||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="61" direction="west" minutes="42.878" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-61.714634">61°42.878'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="39CA8D2A6828928456DD109F8C02C49D" degrees="61" direction="west" minutes="42.878" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-61.714634">61°42.878'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
; 618 m; Serra do
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tepequém">Tepequem</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="66F15FDE3D40D392A44FAAE96FCAEEDC" originalValue="Tepequém">Tepequem</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Igarape Preto Negro, Cachoeira Leje Preta; at edge of seepage, root mats and moss; 14.i.2018; leg. Short and Benetti; BR18-0114-04B"; DNA voucher SLE1493 (INPA).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares romanoae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="romanoae">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares romanoae</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="A213CB3DBA3766B511BBFAF6CFA0B80C" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5D27CFF0A1A290ED4A0CCAF2056316D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="345558BE97C2805DF558F4BF25F0F9B3" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E67F40D7982678D2FFE76F031BEA5526" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares romanoae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="romanoae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="12FF514EE300E970FC0788FF6166B2A5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares romanoae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be recognized by its elytra with well-defined and moderately impressed rows of serial punctures; the impressed stria I is more strongly impressed along the posterior half of the elytra, resembling a well-developed sutural stria (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="C73CEC28FB1777D61552755A50524289" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8A</figureCitation>
|
||||
); interserial punctures somewhat irregularly distributed (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1C25811D14337083F62536D62D107178" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The general habitus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. romanoae" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="romanoae">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. romanoae</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F1FF9470D0F8BAFC9F2C2DB94180FA02" lsidName="T. romanoae" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="romanoae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="507034CAB0ECFAF73502DCDBA52F94FA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. romanoae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is similar to that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. akoerio" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="akoerio">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. akoerio</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0A9104879A92377736319178CF6C8A61" lsidName="T. akoerio" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="akoerio">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2E3CFDB577FC1B13AC8D185BC1D99899" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. akoerio</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. canaima" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="canaima">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. canaima</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9F370786A03FDFC9A891BE72CC9A70F6" lsidName="T. canaima" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="canaima">
|
||||
<emphasis id="44A42A2742405A2A6E73E2E1ACB901F3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. canaima</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, especially by the uniformly dark coloration of the pronotum;
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. romanoae" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="romanoae">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. romanoae</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="20B4BBE4A0BAFE81D4F475F28AE5BABF" lsidName="T. romanoae" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="romanoae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1ADEFDECBFFF5A13FD675B117FA9417C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. romanoae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3CECC4D6FD2A9ED99AF3C6B4841BDA36" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8A</figureCitation>
|
||||
) can be distinguished from
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. canaima" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="canaima">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. canaima</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="98B86F268461BB8162155C6EBEE5CFA8" lsidName="T. canaima" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="canaima">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0440EC6565FC20BD14F2ECFE91FCBD2F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. canaima</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the impressed striae in
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. romanoae" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="romanoae">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. romanoae</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8AD0C6C1FA1075D2B0D2B3494B921C17" lsidName="T. romanoae" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="romanoae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6F6717F0C5A47F4E8C873F49FC6AAF76" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. romanoae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(compare with Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. arawak A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. canaima D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512608" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">10D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="D8E2CA601E62A0D9BE96432521A30CBB" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. arawak A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. canaima D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512608" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">10D</figureCitation>
|
||||
); from
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. akoerio" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="akoerio">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. akoerio</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BA358BDD845A7CEB30CD75055FCF87A5" lsidName="T. akoerio" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="akoerio">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0C7423D8E34F2F5A0D186D41E55A3311" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. akoerio</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the moderately convex body
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. romanoae" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="romanoae">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. romanoae</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="884AE56807FA8D5352903DDCCB345354" lsidName="T. romanoae" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="romanoae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="05B2F270EEE0040FCFB99A738B2F014B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. romanoae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
allows its recognition (compare Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="EC7CE28532CAF1EEF5C8DC2174090A70" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8B</figureCitation>
|
||||
to 8E). The only known specimen was extracted for DNA, so the dark brown coloration might not reflect the true coloration of the species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Size and form</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="4279EB65B7869BABBB98E836B2AD1156" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="97C2827FA78A2D41EAC9F392DCF60B0E" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6DFE68FCAFA7F2141996C5884D057D30" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A5BA1C158403E861B94A87EBF731CCA7" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Size and form</emphasis>
|
||||
: Body length 2.6 mm. Body elongate oval, moderately convex.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Color and punctation</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="C6D80CBB39F0BFB34DD2979E29D1424E" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Color and punctation</emphasis>
|
||||
: Dorsal and ventral surfaces of body, antennae and legs (except yellowish tarsi) dark brown; mouthparts light brown (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8A-C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FB68E438EB21309F0EF74BF7618B0D10" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8A-C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Ground punctation on head, pronotum and elytra moderately marked.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Head</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="D6E9100561A4BA2269F7BE38EA4BA114" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Head</emphasis>
|
||||
: Eyes in dorsal view with anterior margin oblique (anteriorly directed), and outer margins bulging from outline of head; in lateral view, eyes not anteriorly emarginate.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="61EB00752321F4CC2A66F5E344E4CF95" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||||
: Elytra with all kinds of punctures similar in size and degree of impression; serial punctures aligned in rows, impressed as to form longitudinal grooves (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1F9BD429058213DFC0CB919619950EBA" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
); elytral stria I more strongly impressed along posterior half of elytra, resembling well-developed sutural stria (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1C6F51A73A263181BE22A1A57C440A0C" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8A</figureCitation>
|
||||
); interserial punctures somewhat irregularly distributed (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="978E9D99D8A0A310392157DDC710E07F" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="Metafemora" lsidName="Metafemora" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="genus">Metafemora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F502BB75A6587DA41E7AF0666623A9F3" genus="Metafemora" lsidName="Metafemora" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="genus">Metafemora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
mostly glabrous on anterior face, with hydrofuge pubescence along basal half of antero-dorsal margin (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="EB18FD54D470DFA42B239F1996DCF3A6" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Elevation of mesoventrite forming a very low transverse carina (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="ACF99610CC9E3B404931CE7D06DB499A" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Metaventrite with distinct median, longitudinal, narrow glabrous area extending along posterior half (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="F32FE1D4BD9A5F4D58BABB98DBC5622A" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8C</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="CC6B2ACF1DBD4E78C6EBEA7726F66A76" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||||
: Abdominal ventrites uniformly and very densely pubescent (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="18F152D5E13A37700DAD4B184460AF30" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. romanoae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. akoerio D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512606" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">8C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Aedeagus (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. goias C T. fusus D T. luteomargo E T. pemon F T. anthonyae G T. atures H T. communis I T. microps J T. romanoae K T. akoerio L T. kappel M T. arawak N T. canaima. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.1 mm (E-N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512609" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">11J</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="4184267725658C48646C440F14F74811" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. goias C T. fusus D T. luteomargo E T. pemon F T. anthonyae G T. atures H T. communis I T. microps J T. romanoae K T. akoerio L T. kappel M T. arawak N T. canaima. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.1 mm (E-N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512609" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">11J</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Basal piece nearly 0.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E0C65FF236D21E56DFE713C8755C32DE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
the length of a paramere; greatest width of a paramere nearly 0.4
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8D496A6E0FE42C004A055F4932C18E2B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
greatest width of median lobe; outer margins of parameres very weakly convex; apex of paramere rounded; median lobe roughly triangular, rounded at apex; gonopore situated at midlength of median lobe.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Named after Rosina Romano, Director of Meetings and Membership at the Entomological Society of America (ESA), in recognition of all her hard work and dedication to the society and entomological community.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="538AC9B9E4EEAA4362C36FE05306FBEC" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C8A96F1348A17E9C121CE8538EC35A55" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="DC132634635B97BA71D97A22FFFD42D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Named after Rosina Romano, Director of Meetings and Membership at the Entomological Society of America (ESA), in recognition of all her hard work and dedication to the society and entomological community.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6DE17EF7B54B578A889F349E10F7DA51" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5CA2C01D99955F87E6CFEC33FAB608B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D65BA11F305492F897210249F960C35A" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||||
This species is only known from the summit of Serra do Tepequem, a low-elevation sandstone massif in northern Brazil, near the border with Venezuela (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Distribution of Tobochares spp." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512611" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">13</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="33AA4EA5EA1E3E5E5F9DE126265C7FA9" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Distribution of Tobochares spp." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512611" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">13</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="life history">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Life history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="E8D9217295742D24826EFECE3559C69A" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="life history">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F9FBD7E3B1BEB8F7E34AE60C286B091B" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Life history.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="28765243D6DA2871935CB9208EDE82E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||||
The only known specimen was collected by floating rootlets and moss that were present on a rocky seepage formed along the margin of the Igarape (stream) Preto Negro (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Tobochares habitat in Brazil A, B type locality and habitat for T. benettii, seepage near Rio Preto de Eva (collecting event BR 17 - 0610 - 01 A) C type locality and habitat for T. goias, margin of Balneario Lejas (collecting event BR 18 - 0304 - 02 B) D habitat of T. kusad and T. sipaliwini, State of Roraima, near Usina de Jatapu reservoir (collecting Event BR 18 - 0117 - 01 A) E habitat and type locality of T. romanoae, and habitat of T. sipaliwini, State of Roraima, Serra do Tepequem, Igarape Preto Negro, Cachoeira Leje Preta (collecting event BR 18 - 0114 - 04 B) F type locality and habitat of T. fusus, State of Amapa, Calcoene (collecting event BR 18 - 0721 - 02 B)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512612" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">14E</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="C18ECA96333F04EB4B00DDB2097C2FA5" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Tobochares habitat in Brazil A, B type locality and habitat for T. benettii, seepage near Rio Preto de Eva (collecting event BR 17 - 0610 - 01 A) C type locality and habitat for T. goias, margin of Balneario Lejas (collecting event BR 18 - 0304 - 02 B) D habitat of T. kusad and T. sipaliwini, State of Roraima, near Usina de Jatapu reservoir (collecting Event BR 18 - 0117 - 01 A) E habitat and type locality of T. romanoae, and habitat of T. sipaliwini, State of Roraima, Serra do Tepequem, Igarape Preto Negro, Cachoeira Leje Preta (collecting event BR 18 - 0114 - 04 B) F type locality and habitat of T. fusus, State of Amapa, Calcoene (collecting event BR 18 - 0721 - 02 B)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512612" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">14E</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
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