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<mods:title id="6C1FDA71EA18147ECB5221D9BF567C24">A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Pirie, Michael D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Chatrou, Lars W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F11E4417DF9B82B7EF929DEBE7A5B4DE">Chatrou, Lars W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Maas, Paul J. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AE77B28BC3D191701CB1DF4C4D66E1AF">Maas, Paul J. M.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="156201236" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DC84576B9BF4EEBDDC74E5D600BAB456" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DC84576B9BF4EEBDDC74E5D600BAB456" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<treatment id="DC84576B9BF4EEBDDC74E5D600BAB456" ID-GBIF-Taxon="156201236" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DC84576B9BF4EEBDDC74E5D600BAB456" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DC84576B9BF4EEBDDC74E5D600BAB456" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Annonaceae">
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||||
27.
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="DC84576B-9BF4-EEBD-DC74-E5D600BAB456" authority="Maas" authorityName="Maas" authorityYear="1986" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma panamense" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panamense">Cremastosperma panamense Maas</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 36. Cremastosperma panamense Maas. a fruiting specimen b flowers (a Johnston 1812 b Perez 832)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245346" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 36a, b</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Illustrations of diagnostic characters used in the identification key to species of Cremastosperma, by Hendrik Rypkema, adapted from Pirie et al. (2005). Leaf shape: a acuminate b caudate. Flower buds: c with open development d loosely open e flower bud with closed development, depressed ovoid f flower bud with closed development, broadly ovoid-triangular g the unique pattern of indument on the petals of C. awaense. Monocarp shape h narrowly ellipsoid, symmetrical i globose, symmetrical j strongly asymmetrical." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245290" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 7</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Map 2" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Map 2. Distribution of Cremastosperma alticola Pirie & Chatrou, C. antioquense Pirie, C. chococola Pirie, C. dolichopodum Pirie & Maas, C. longipes Pirie, C. novogranatense R. E. Fr., C. osicola Pirie & Chatrou, C. panamense Maas and C. stenophyllum Pirie" figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.map2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245291" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, Map 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9EBAD51D4510295F908CA5B9DF7B99CF" ID-CoL="ZBCT" LSID="DC84576B-9BF4-EEBD-DC74-E5D600BAB456" authority="Maas" authorityName="Maas" authorityYear="1986" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma panamense" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panamense">Cremastosperma panamense Maas</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="F7C9B5BC843EAE7780B377E86A472457" captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 36. Cremastosperma panamense Maas. a fruiting specimen b flowers (a Johnston 1812 b Perez 832)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245346" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 36a, b</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="ACBE5C3DAAAA63D9F20920BA48BB8E5D" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Illustrations of diagnostic characters used in the identification key to species of Cremastosperma, by Hendrik Rypkema, adapted from Pirie et al. (2005). Leaf shape: a acuminate b caudate. Flower buds: c with open development d loosely open e flower bud with closed development, depressed ovoid f flower bud with closed development, broadly ovoid-triangular g the unique pattern of indument on the petals of C. awaense. Monocarp shape h narrowly ellipsoid, symmetrical i globose, symmetrical j strongly asymmetrical." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245290" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 7</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="EECA5B64954C38C04E6856DBE2ADF788" captionStart="Map 2" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Map 2. Distribution of Cremastosperma alticola Pirie & Chatrou, C. antioquense Pirie, C. chococola Pirie, C. dolichopodum Pirie & Maas, C. longipes Pirie, C. novogranatense R. E. Fr., C. osicola Pirie & Chatrou, C. panamense Maas and C. stenophyllum Pirie" figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.map2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245291" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, Map 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas" authorityYear="1986" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma panamense" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panamense">Cremastosperma panamense</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FDA1C5705D157F40697E6B1CE713B90F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2DBF34798BA60677EEF1F99EBE2FDFD8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="67136CF9380DA664BF2A01A7E94B33E3" authorityName="Maas" authorityYear="1986" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma panamense" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panamense">Cremastosperma panamense</taxonomicName>
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||||
Maas, Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch. Ser. C 89: 254, f. 5 & 6.1986.
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</paragraph>
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||||
</subSubSection>
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||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="7717A3EEF415A95B2326D9CCEC9FC6D3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A5750CEBC4E6663F0E2A2AD05CCC3C8F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type.</paragraph>
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||||
<paragraph id="3A29659127211AAF541C061F2C3905F8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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PANAMA. Canal Zone: NW part of Canal Zone, area W of Limon Bay, Gatun Locks and Gatun Lake, Maru Towers, 7 Apr 1956,
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||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Johnston, I.M. 1812</emphasis>
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||||
<emphasis id="EC4CA9E1A78BC30B493F36EBDD777433" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Johnston, I.M. 1812</emphasis>
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||||
(holotype: MO! [MO-047502]; isotypes: A! [00072231], MICH! [MICH1256197]).
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</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tree</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="43DCB259A067808FFBB723FE3B918559" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="484024C24829C66FE4B323091122F03C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1B1DDA22EFC70EAC24C057F9BB83B521" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3FF4B836869964A75E732F3D1AC802A0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tree</emphasis>
|
||||
or
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">shrub</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="ADAC6CE99FBC4F1061035E06F04EE77D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">shrub</emphasis>
|
||||
1.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–7(–">-7(-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="440C619BF67762EEA8F4962CABD496A5" originalValue="–7(–">-7(-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
20) m tall, 3-10 cm diam.; young twigs and petioles glabrous.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="5F3A827DCBA10AEDF714FC67D34A430C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
|
||||
: petioles 2-10 by 1-2.5 mm, caniculate above, verrucose or furrowed; lamina narrowly elliptic to elliptic, 8-22 by 2-7 cm (index 2.7-4.7), chartaceous, green, brownish-green or greyish-green (or brown) above, (pale) green, (pale) brownish-green (or brown) below, shiny on both sides, glabrous on both sides, base acute to obtuse, decurrent, rarely narrowly cuneate, apex acuminate (acumen 5-25 mm long), primary vein occasionally shallowly grooved at the base, 1-1.5 mm wide at widest point, verrucose below, secondary veins 5-10, intersecondary veins 1-4, distance between from 5-20 mm at the base to 15-25 mm closer to the apex, angles with primary vein from 35
|
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|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B01D545F766D47462AC68DFFC356B4D2" originalValue="–55(–">-55(-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
70)° at the base to 60-75° closer to the apex, not branching, forming mostly distinct loops, smallest distance between loops and margin 2-5 mm, tertiary veins largely reticulate.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescence</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="4E059CB9CF5980C8326DD0C4B5F9B11E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescence</emphasis>
|
||||
of single, solitary flowers, on leafy or leafless twigs; peduncles 1-3 by 0.5-1 mm (in flower), 1-3 by 1.5-2 mm (in fruit), sparsely covered with erect whitish to golden hairs to 0.1 mm long; pedicels 12-20 by 0.5-0.8 mm at the base (in flower), 13-22 by 1-2 mm (in fruit), glabrous; (1
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–)2–">-)2-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B3E19C94698FB2D183B29E6736BEFEE6" originalValue="–)2–">-)2-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
3(-several) lower bract(s), deltate, ca. 0.5 by 0.5 mm, obtuse, mostly soon falling off, sparsely covered with erect whitish to golden hairs to 0.1 mm long; upper bract halfway along the pedicel, ovate to depressed ovate, 1-1.5 by 0.7-1mm, acute, obtuse or emarginate, glabrous; closed flower buds very broadly ovoid, opening in development; flowers green when immature, maturing to white, cream, or (pale) yellow
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in vivo</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="AEB9FBA4CEC9768761E683737AC12E64" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in vivo</emphasis>
|
||||
, yellow brown, dark brown or blackish brown
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in sicco</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="530DA4DA509E72C8EAF545B7BFD40F87" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in sicco</emphasis>
|
||||
, sepals and petals glabrous; sepals free, broadly to very broadly ovate, appressed or patent, 1.5-3 by 1.5-3 mm, obtuse, soon falling off or persistent; outer petals narrowly ovate to narrowly elliptic, 7-18 by 4-6 mm, obtuse, inner petals narrowly ovate to narrowly elliptic, 10-25 by 3-5 mm, obtuse; androecium diam. unknown, stamens 1.2-1.5 mm long, connective appendage 0.7-0.9 mm wide; gynoecium diam. unknown, carpels ca. 35, 2 mm long, glabrous.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Monocarps</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="96496244B0DDC89C8F6D04A84E212F27" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Monocarps</emphasis>
|
||||
(2
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–)8–">-)8-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="AA0D433C74FC16CFDD66D1D7E4BF5F12" originalValue="–)8–">-)8-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
30, more or less globose, slightly asymmetrical, 8-13 by 7-11 mm, green maturing to yellow, orange, red or black
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in vivo</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="9613C686745D24963723C3EF30E21064" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in vivo</emphasis>
|
||||
, pale brown, reddish-brown or brown
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in sicco</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="673658BF27C56757E743819EF7961AA1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in sicco</emphasis>
|
||||
, with an excentric apicule; stipes 7-21 by 1
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1.5(–">-1.5(-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E7A4E34BFEEF4B03D2A38ED1064B9F16" originalValue="–1.5(–">-1.5(-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
3) mm; fruiting receptacle 3-8 mm diam., monocarps, stipes and receptacle glabrous.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Seeds</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="6C7AE27174D934F32B933194684722A3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Seeds</emphasis>
|
||||
broadly ellipsoid, globose or transversally ellipsoid, light brown, pitted, 7-12 by 6-10 mm, raphe sunken, regular.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="D477219EC6FB3504D20E571AE70E0230" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D2C07E63399C5F9AC86E0C7C832991D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F624DB0703B62076360977D0946D225C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Panama (
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Coclé">Cocle</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2A2A1709FB32A9EEB5DF72D74BE0EEE7" originalValue="Coclé">Cocle</normalizedToken>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Colón">Colon</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0BC3ADF43C3CC813787A33F83C41D4CA" originalValue="Colón">Colon</normalizedToken>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Panamá">Panama</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4F81F5A6053AD3FF25E0CF42138D8730" originalValue="Panamá">Panama</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and San Blas).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Evergreen tropical wet forest, cloud forest or low swampy places or in disturbed areas. At elevations of 0-800 m. Flowering: April, May, July and August; fruiting: throughout the year.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="81E3A326B8F62C72FCA460FC10953D70" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
|
||||
<paragraph id="50CAB82E3C64EC9A347C9A65E14934A2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="49B07666E57C6F0B5DB9A5E96ABD77D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Evergreen tropical wet forest, cloud forest or low swampy places or in disturbed areas. At elevations of 0-800 m. Flowering: April, May, July and August; fruiting: throughout the year.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="vernacular names">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vernacular names.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="41183F1F4F917C380D6ED193331FAAAA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="vernacular names">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B4DA3D1F1088D5A9233420FC87DB1DCE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vernacular names.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="0EE55844D3E9E334D45298653DB79150" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Panama: Palo santo (Panamanian name), Sate wawa (Kuna;
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nevers 4898</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="C3CA7A03D04207F3C1A2B4B52A0F8E2B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nevers 4898</emphasis>
|
||||
), Waras gid (Kuna;
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nevers 6513)</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="F0B71C3DD8F17540F429D3A45C4A1F4D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nevers 6513)</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas" authorityYear="1986" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma panamense" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panamense">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma panamense</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="5C158D52973F53A01981BE82E8BD64E2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A4211EF904CF75BE4C3E69FB29009B08" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4F92551429A84F0100B22FA2E92A544B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="48DABF0F03F9B476692B0657ABEBA74C" authorityName="Maas" authorityYear="1986" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma panamense" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panamense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A3699DF1EE3B88590B427E17EA8251CC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma panamense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
appears similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. magdalenae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="magdalenae">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. magdalenae</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8D5A812A0DCDF0F85F86DA5D5392E1EF" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. magdalenae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="magdalenae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="949EE0872AEB6EC4510B0692CAC7DED6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. magdalenae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but can be distinguished by the smaller size of the sepals, which additionally persist less frequently into fruiting.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. pacificum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pacificum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. pacificum</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DF5FFD0A5494A615A876B5F448C20111" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. pacificum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pacificum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E5E6E1A96855E14D48137961C4612896" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. pacificum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. chococola" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="chococola">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. chococola</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EF617FD3A9E22902FC222A88B524BE79" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. chococola" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="chococola">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7E2D0C5879C53E384904F8580EBE490C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. chococola</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are both geographically close (Pacific coast of Colombia) and share the characters of glabrous pedicels (flowers) and fruits. However, the pedicels of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. chococola" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="chococola">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. chococola</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8D568E9EA02D9F2206DE271D29141388" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. chococola" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="chococola">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5AB982C27A5657ADA1CA88516A681D0D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. chococola</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are considerably longer and the shape of the larger monocarps of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. pacificum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pacificum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. pacificum</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="16706EC77E2137484489A264787E2321" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. pacificum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pacificum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="892F5D216BC0BF1EEDB023A19AF19C56" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. pacificum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(ellipsoid as opposed to roughly globose), as well as the larger leaves, allow easy distinction in both cases. The colour of the relatively small leaves (drying consistently green), the relatively large distance between the loops of their secondary veins and the margin and the reticulate and indistinct nature of tertiary and quaternary venation of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. panamense" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="panamense">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. panamense</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5ACF6951B52C3B3FDE5FCE71CD62326D" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. panamense" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="panamense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4A965D8DA62E0DB626839199C1EAFE90" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. panamense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are also distinctive.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas" authorityYear="1986" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma panamense" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panamense">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma panamense</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6A3050573A40F0B9DA413CFB2F158767" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3CFD695AD94FC07724567332D05A279C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7B0FCECF4730570B61A6CDAAB20E3BF6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F6830D9B5FC180802A6D9B34FD2E4449" authorityName="Maas" authorityYear="1986" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma panamense" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panamense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80ED3294BD6BE00428D6A95BCB7C18CC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma panamense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has been described as common in the San Blas region of Panama. It has been collected fairly frequently near roads in the surrounding region, but not within protected areas and with an EOO that would be sufficiently small as to qualify as Vulnerable. Given its apparent local abundance but restricted distribution: Near Threatened [NT] (Table
|
||||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Summary of IUCN preliminary conservation status per species including calculations using ConR (Dauby et al. 2017). The total number of collections is shown, including the number georeferenced (thus included in the calculations using ConR). " Unique occurrences " represent those with differing coordinates, whereby for poorly collected species, numbers of collections that could not be precisely georeferenced but nevertheless represent additional occurrences are indicated; " locations " refers to the IUCN definition as " a geographically or ecologically distinct area in which a single threat can rapidly affect all individuals of the taxon present "; and " subpopulations " are " geographically or otherwise distinct groups in the population between which there is little demographic or genetic exchange (IUCN 2012). EOO = extent of occurrence, whereby the criteria contributing to endangered status are CR <100 km 2, EN <5,000 km 2 and VU <20,000 km 2; AOO = area of occupancy, whereby the criteria are CR <10 km 2, EN <500 km 2 and VU <2,000 km 2. We estimated EOO and AOO using ConR, also indicating for (potentially) threatened species where the values would be higher taking non-georeferenced specimens into account. Known occurrences (or not) in protected areas (national parks or reserves with protected status according to the IUCN; https: // protectedplanet. net / accessed 04.09.2018) are documented and an overall threat category with IUCN code is presented which takes into account each of these factors (as discussed individually in each species treatment)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/45F44CBB3BA4F892B1D1B4BC42D3B1F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="45F44CBB3BA4F892B1D1B4BC42D3B1F1">1</tableCitation>
|
||||
<tableCitation id="1EEC5501B6AB6233D98236E251340077" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Summary of IUCN preliminary conservation status per species including calculations using ConR (Dauby et al. 2017). The total number of collections is shown, including the number georeferenced (thus included in the calculations using ConR). " Unique occurrences " represent those with differing coordinates, whereby for poorly collected species, numbers of collections that could not be precisely georeferenced but nevertheless represent additional occurrences are indicated; " locations " refers to the IUCN definition as " a geographically or ecologically distinct area in which a single threat can rapidly affect all individuals of the taxon present "; and " subpopulations " are " geographically or otherwise distinct groups in the population between which there is little demographic or genetic exchange (IUCN 2012). EOO = extent of occurrence, whereby the criteria contributing to endangered status are CR <100 km 2, EN <5,000 km 2 and VU <20,000 km 2; AOO = area of occupancy, whereby the criteria are CR <10 km 2, EN <500 km 2 and VU <2,000 km 2. We estimated EOO and AOO using ConR, also indicating for (potentially) threatened species where the values would be higher taking non-georeferenced specimens into account. Known occurrences (or not) in protected areas (national parks or reserves with protected status according to the IUCN; https: // protectedplanet. net / accessed 04.09.2018) are documented and an overall threat category with IUCN code is presented which takes into account each of these factors (as discussed individually in each species treatment)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/45F44CBB3BA4F892B1D1B4BC42D3B1F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="45F44CBB3BA4F892B1D1B4BC42D3B1F1">1</tableCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="3B7E41230FB35B066CB0EC381D3196C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="514402AFD81AFF5B2DAAB89488AEEF32" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="80AF32F9C5275EAC8353C06AE195CA0A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0B2DC76D295955C5C618339AB190B428" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
PANAMA.
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Coclé">Cocle</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B5C8AF7F73CC488C73D1E9FBD3AB29EA" originalValue="Coclé">Cocle</normalizedToken>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caño">Cano</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="6801E04B1DA6FB1E704CE08113007C04" originalValue="Caño">Cano</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Blanco del Norte, Cano Sucio,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="8.7">8°42'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="8BD91097BC1904672ADEBAA04B2D28A7" degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="8.7">8°42'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="80" direction="west" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-80.6">80°36'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="A2D326CBB15B8AB4016778F381B8465C" degrees="80" direction="west" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-80.6">80°36'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 200-400 m a.s.l., 3 Oct 1983,
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Davidse et al. 23634</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="C5DB2BC641559E5FCE039778C28C5715" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Davidse et al. 23634</emphasis>
|
||||
(MO).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Colón">Colon</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<emphasis id="E5A46FD60CCC485D7090F7C543A9B4E4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9BFBFE137A10928B387C51B3F3B3D549" originalValue="Colón">Colon</normalizedToken>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
: Santa Rita Ridge road,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.333333">9°20'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="769BF13A42070457F5938905BED32D46" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.333333">9°20'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-79.76667">79°46'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="39FB872118FB313F33F69E927438E5F1" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-79.76667">79°46'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 300 m a.s.l., 16 Jun 1994,
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Galdames et al. 1162</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="7ACD17483D915CD8542202C29486B1EA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Galdames et al. 1162</emphasis>
|
||||
(US); Parque Nacional Lorenzo, road to Sherman Crane,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.266666">9°16'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="61DA52D9C78558EF8C222BBCD173F6A8" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.266666">9°16'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-79.96667">79°58'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="AD63B9D59BD892138D328C7F4B5BAC24" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-79.96667">79°58'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 150 m a.s.l., 7 Jun 2004,
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Maas et al. 9559</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="6F940F6E6C8730EB36407E0D899C4480" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Maas et al. 9559</emphasis>
|
||||
(U); Teck Cominco Petaquilla mining concession,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="58" value="8.849444">8°50'58"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="BA3700D530CE55851CEB40E4335D282D" degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="58" value="8.849444">8°50'58"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="80" direction="west" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="53" value="-80.648056">80°38'53"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="51B8E14BB3FB21CB56714ADAFB9D9B2C" degrees="80" direction="west" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="53" value="-80.648056">80°38'53"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 180 m a.s.l., 25 Jun 2008,
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">McPherson 20670</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="D761C308179F06F2CFB58A561185F9A3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">McPherson 20670</emphasis>
|
||||
(WAG).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Panama</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAC97E9CA06B3BDFA5A71C26988C94A8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Panama</emphasis>
|
||||
: El
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Llano-Cartí">Llano-Carti</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B0378524D7E502FD0724AE6CABE2FBD3" originalValue="Llano-Cartí">Llano-Carti</normalizedToken>
|
||||
road,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.25">9°15'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="DC6884F71F1D3403BD8C04D104EC4DBB" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.25">9°15'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-79.0">79°00'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="A858DCB4E1D79B4A138405FD13905F1D" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-79.0">79°00'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 350 m a.s.l., 22 Aug 1986,
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">McPherson 9957</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="3D04E213039E9E000F1EA4DA355AB155" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">McPherson 9957</emphasis>
|
||||
(MO, U).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">San Blas</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="4B4075DC3B1DED1DC44810D92105F93B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">San Blas</emphasis>
|
||||
: Mountain range opposite Nargana island,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.366667">9°22'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EFB1877CB8C42B925A94E955C7E05DAE" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.366667">9°22'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.566666">78°34'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="CC4CBE9CAEE014EBD4EA0C44B7B81E50" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.566666">78°34'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 65 m a.s.l., 12 Aug 1994,
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Galdames et al. 1585</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1756F4083BEDC33F0F086E4FF0AD22AA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Galdames et al. 1585</emphasis>
|
||||
(NY); Yannuadi,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.366667">9°22'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="855EFC20864324440C429A0B05BB77BB" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.366667">9°22'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.583336">78°35'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="E4405071052CF2A22F0F78DA9369C6D0" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.583336">78°35'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 50-100 m a.s.l., 23 Oct 1992,
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. Herrera et al. 1231</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="D6BC639B6544AD2340866A8216893535" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. Herrera et al. 1231</emphasis>
|
||||
(MO); Nusagandi, Sendero Wedar,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.3">9°18'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="7D3D9C27E46887C0503DED9F2B1560DC" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.3">9°18'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.96667">78°58'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="1981230E5C06353156840B813E9B58C5" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.96667">78°58'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 300-400 m a.s.l., 19 Jul 1985,
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">McDonagh et al. 181</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="58CCFAEF8641C9EEC1FFB7D397CE46BC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">McDonagh et al. 181</emphasis>
|
||||
(MO); Nusagandi,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.316667">9°19'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="AF162D648B65AEE9A84F441A17FC3C3C" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.316667">9°19'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.25">78°15'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="93F4AC45398EA647E139AD5C98C5ADD7" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.25">78°15'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 300 m a.s.l., 31 Jul 1984,
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">De Nevers et al. 3601</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="9D98CDAAD521713A50CDECC7E3144858" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">De Nevers et al. 3601</emphasis>
|
||||
(MO); Lower
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cangandí">Cangandi</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="20EEACEEE24AFC1335F5D9E512DF2899" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8FFB99201F0471C28FB9D1AB1E063DDF" originalValue="Cangandí">Cangandi</normalizedToken>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.45">9°27'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="D929164BAAEB6C881E1DD22DE54C0121" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.45">9°27'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-79.13333">79°08'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="FB10F168894D61B3ACB822B998BD3DA1" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-79.13333">79°08'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-20 m a.s.l., 14 Jan 1985,
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">De Nevers</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="42C469AC42EAD055611390EB20C87467" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">De Nevers</emphasis>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. Herrera 4571</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="31D4768370F518EC96A01B36D5C4654F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. Herrera 4571</emphasis>
|
||||
(MO, U);
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="608F25D9DA3972FC45089D2B46B396EC" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Cangandi,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="24" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.4">9°24'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="53A4BEF11B4434F92BE359775F062DD2" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="24" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="9.4">9°24'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-79.4">79°24'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="FBDB3ED647D43B88695E69DE118A5F13" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-79.4">79°24'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-100 m a.s.l., 17 Feb 1985,
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">De Nevers et al. 4898</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="65346EB7B7E91FA900DC3A3DFD5BD228" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">De Nevers et al. 4898</emphasis>
|
||||
(MO, U).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1911319" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245346" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 36" startId="F42">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 36.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas" authorityYear="1986" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma panamense" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panamense">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma panamense</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="4812F88CBA879A82220E0824D6AB5B4B" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1911319" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245346" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 36" startId="F42">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1B9FEFD3CF5D6AC9FEBDC1FA8DFA4207" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="34C4F81CF741E8314F49C525176E05E3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 36.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3E80D6AF19437B16DF5CC501572BBA3F" authorityName="Maas" authorityYear="1986" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma panamense" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panamense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="FF08C4E4FA55ABBE084C53170151B46F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma panamense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Maas.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">a</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="0C926944CE44F80A2F3E8979F00D1296" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">a</emphasis>
|
||||
fruiting specimen
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">b</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="DAD17786179129B648E4B4166B4E4C82" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">b</emphasis>
|
||||
flowers (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">a</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Johnston 1812</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">b</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Perez 832</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="67FB1692E694491BE93994A85815E41B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">a</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="831B5AA47C8E1D51ACE283EC8902163D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Johnston 1812</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="8A9094939A361683A99A7248AC1FC02B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">b</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="2923E4615BC8ABC337E84E6E75A5327D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Perez 832</emphasis>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1911323" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245348" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 37" startId="F43">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 37.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">a</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas" authorityYear="1986" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma panamense" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panamense">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma panamense</emphasis>
|
||||
<caption id="1936AE308AF1769F5AE6DC873C13648C" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1911323" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245348" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 37" startId="F43">
|
||||
<paragraph id="EEB63A2C1BFAFA583A998B82866B6EFA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E9E5481E58BA5DC24258BE3524B65E05" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 37.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="7024AA5AA1997886299578C301D52755" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">a</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="807D92ECE6126CABCFFAA8018A3354BF" authorityName="Maas" authorityYear="1986" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma panamense" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panamense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="90F1BFD117A5E3645682A15C6FA68535" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma panamense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Maas. Fruiting specimen (photo: Robin Foster)
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="b–e">b-e</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<emphasis id="C6AB7205C154F0CD9029696817536B3C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="CBA676892C551F03A9E505D53A1F9416" originalValue="b–e">b-e</normalizedToken>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. pendulum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pendulum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. pendulum</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="644C8A184728099E0A68991345DD86DC" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. pendulum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pendulum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="739E14087A9F702796AEA0EB016ED1D6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. pendulum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Ruiz & Pav.) R.E.Fr.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">b</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="5D231D7047AF5C3BA931C0EBEC171D23" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">b</emphasis>
|
||||
habit
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">c</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B358868715321EBCD37991AC67C5748B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">c</emphasis>
|
||||
flower bud (Pirie et al. 33; photos MDP)
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">d</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="C3D8642614E94CBBB43118581672FE98" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">d</emphasis>
|
||||
flowering and fruiting branch
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">e</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="65AB987697602558D101DEA9783D23A8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">e</emphasis>
|
||||
flower (
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vásquez">Vasquez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<emphasis id="2B4AA8DD72607080BEC4D0E9303386C0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="85F37C1DDCFD967842CD673EB386F5AC" originalValue="Vásquez">Vasquez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
et al. 34206
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
, photos Rodolfo
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vásquez">Vasquez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="1B536493AD58DA1BE820BF8AD8A8E9DB" originalValue="Vásquez">Vasquez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">f, g</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. westrae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="westrae">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. westrae</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B1C9BF8E04AB1A335900A42DC46C9D39" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">f, g</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EEE1E4F06C50A324CE162B75DDE596BC" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. westrae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="westrae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="511D3CBAA8ED2DC03A89DF3A6493A558" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. westrae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Pirie fruiting specimen (photos Robin Foster)
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="h–j">h-j</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<emphasis id="030D37AE9E1A8D249BB0CE3FB67A9077" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="16DA78DFA05307C18D737689A29B235B" originalValue="h–j">h-j</normalizedToken>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. yamayakatense" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="yamayakatense">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. yamayakatense</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C4685438ABD7A1B5EBFCBEB4C92FD196" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. yamayakatense" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="yamayakatense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="06457B0F4755AA10F76AC170606049C7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. yamayakatense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Pirie
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">h</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="EA84FA25C7483A550DCB3DFFA393C94C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">h</emphasis>
|
||||
habit, fruiting specimen (
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pirie et al. 57</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="5BDC9DD9895E95CC872A3A501D5E6286" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pirie et al. 57</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">i</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="206C7D148C93ACB0A0D0C65FC05DCBDA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">i</emphasis>
|
||||
flower bud (
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pirie et al. 58</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="136E432AD4183E7841050B4295B44187" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pirie et al. 58</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">j</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="8C916A00D2670845CF6C106CFC2B6182" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">j</emphasis>
|
||||
mature fruit (
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pirie et al. 60</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="278A94ED4C4286D023A8992426AD5D25" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pirie et al. 60</emphasis>
|
||||
; photos MDP).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
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