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<document id="F4AEE014A14B8D7B971FE620D2A3B88E" ID-DOI="10.5252/geodiversitas2024v46a15" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13985760" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C32EAAFD-85D8-45CD-8DF7-B894E1537713" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.metadata_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1729758589633" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Merle, Didier, Pacaud, Jean-Michel, Ledon, Daniel &amp; Goret, Bernard" docDate="2024" docId="038E87DAFFC0E42FFCFFF936FD46FD63" docLanguage="en" docName="geodiversitas.2024.46.15.pdf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 46 (15)" docSource="https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/g2024v46a15.pdf" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00.4:Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) hirtus Merle, Pacaud, Ledon &amp; Goret, 2024, n. subgen., n. sp." docType="treatment" docUuid="79134847-C7B3-4A32-BFA1-CD185BD5A1ED" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="532" masterDocId="FFB7FFA2FFE6E406FFB8FFD6FF81FFB3" masterDocTitle="New Cenozoic Muricidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Europe" masterLastPageNumber="551" masterPageNumber="495" pageNumber="531" updateTime="1729856536171" updateUser="valdenar" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
<mods:mods id="67D54FEBD9FEC47D70F90AC987B1AF72" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="5475118D18A52750058DA19E69E3A35C">
<mods:title id="7F272D201E24CFAFAC2675E2D411A399">New Cenozoic Muricidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Europe</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="6944F3F4AFAB55A88EB4C55AFD5C19B4" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="DE0811BB8413BC549F1D647F5BA0142D">Merle, Didier</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="D5D9D6E51E6758F30A44DEC4728A0B2A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6D034786C98675C3FCF4893CD3B50317">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="38DC8A2A107500EA5DB8F5ED00051B82">Pacaud, Jean-Michel</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="56CADFC8765CBE6333F868914C229649" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5410ACDB42767BD5F83778517DBAB542">
<mods:roleTerm id="D4BF337936F20D09D23F26E43998B76D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="976CBB12CE69CB49B27F49F70D49B6E5">Ledon, Daniel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E2BA982F1F3EB43A9F973746B63E714D">Muséum national d’histoire naturelle, Département Origines et Évolution (CR 2 P - MNHN, CNRS, UPMC, Sorbonne Université), 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) didier. merle @ mnhn. fr (corresponding author) jean-michel. pacaud @ mnhn. fr dnledon @ yahoo. fr</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="460F219338A04D357D0E71F7B2C2194C" type="email">didier.merle@mnhn.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="4B3A701247F1EC67D97A6AB65D307385" type="personal">
<mods:role id="01E550C5328B3D1B11AC5257C2F2B97F">
<mods:roleTerm id="C1036378151B50E07D9474FE4234BD6E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="159BF97D470653896B05920FBA5591CD">Goret, Bernard</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="99ABEB3A15A2042B618D2B6BC47B883F">Raoul Ponchon, F- 31500 Toulouse (France) bernardgoret @ hotmail. com</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="58FB4524682F699089F0D4B5FAE0B329" type="email">bernardgoret@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="7D175EF2E2C8D4DB1B1321AACEB135EE">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="34CDAA46EBDB293A5D68F0C9CD9E97D2" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="2EEB48162CC38BF12D0B75C8816AFDD9">
<mods:title id="8B183E83C3981412E24095A94523A83B">Geodiversitas</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="D6F2FAFF6168CDBB2EFBDC5584D5502F">
<mods:date id="88E9A6E2FD4468A1CF889225DDCC0B34">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="6D72B6CE99F4363DE3AA3DAD7ECF291B" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="A682078BD938AFF764A12CBCF8DB1A61">2024-10-24</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="307FCD36BCDB9A1373F575646A47CCBF" type="volume">
<mods:number id="5B0593E6030CFC3A2E0C3E778F6413E8">46</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="4739932E00B794EA42CE04D5CCF2A4E2" type="issue">
<mods:number id="488AA019B9E42130D5EB016DBA0CE26E">15</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="E5B454F0F5606FD85535C3E9EAA11451">495</mods:start>
<mods:end id="16ADFC4DB7659E9E5B120A9A432F7CB7">551</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="E9B16724D410BDFD1A9BF132F47D5B29">
<mods:url id="8F8DA04C556BFB1745F56794A814E468">https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/g2024v46a15.pdf</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="FFB17309E08BC2D5FC2B20FC40C92C90">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="3493E528682BD53C5AD184B4F68D0860" type="DOI">10.5252/geodiversitas2024v46a15</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="86D5DD9EFA0B119E08981E78CB8C5D25" type="ISSN">1638-9395</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="31520792765E5363FB957A99A363C030" type="Zenodo-Dep">13985760</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="63885C02EDAD3B458D47180BC68DCEDB" type="ZooBank">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C32EAAFD-85D8-45CD-8DF7-B894E1537713</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="038E87DAFFC0E42FFCFFF936FD46FD63" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:79134847-C7B3-4A32-BFA1-CD185BD5A1ED" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038E87DAFFC0E42FFCFFF936FD46FD63" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="532" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC0E420FCFFF936FA17F948" box="[839,1430,1760,1788]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC0E420FCFFF936FA17F948" blockId="38.[839,1430,1760,1819]" box="[839,1430,1760,1788]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC0E420FCFFF936FB57F94F" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[839,1238,1760,1788]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Crassimurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hirtus" status="n. subgen., n. sp." subGenus="Pliocrassimurex">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FCFFF936FC4CF949" bold="true" box="[839,973,1760,1786]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">Crassimurex</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FC65F934FB06F94F" bold="true" box="[989,1159,1762,1788]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">Pliocrassimurex</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FB2EF934FB57F94F" bold="true" box="[1174,1238,1762,1788]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">hirtus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC0E420FB65F937FA17F948" box="[1245,1430,1760,1787]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" rank="species">n. subgen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC0E420FBB0F8D7FA2EF8EB" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC0E420FBB0F8D7FB55F8A9" blockId="38.[839,1430,1760,1819]" box="[1032,1236,1793,1819]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC0E420FBA9F8D4FBD6F8A9" box="[1041,1111,1794,1818]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="39.[132,143,1192,1209]" captionTargetBox="[150,1438,242,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-538@39.[609,1070,505,769]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIG. 21. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) hirtus n. subgen., n. sp. (A-F) and Crassimurex (s.s.) calcitrapa (Lamarck, 1803) (G, H) for comparison: A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A77751 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei, Llobregat Basin, Spain, Early Pliocene (Zanclean); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A77752, Molins del Rei; E, F, paratype (juvenile), MNHN.F.A77753 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei; G, H, MNHN.F.A32445 (Morlet coll.), Beynes (Ferme de l’Orme), Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian). Scale bars: A, B, G, H, 10 mm; C-F, 5 mm. Credits: A-F, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); G, H, C. Lemzaouda (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985810/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">Figs 21</figureCitation>
A-F; 28C-E)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC0E420FC95F891FA2EF8EB" blockId="38.[813,1455,1863,1880]" box="[813,1455,1863,1880]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">
<uri id="FFB63ACEFFC0E420FC95F891FA2EF8EB" box="[813,1455,1863,1880]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FF810C19FFC0E420FBBBF891FA2EF8EB" box="[1027,1455,1863,1880]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">D443EA04-13CB-4AC7-8082-87A2DD4CF2D2</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC0E421FC95F849FEFBFA13" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="532" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC0E421FC95F849FEFBFA13" blockId="38.[811,1456,1950,2028]" lastBlockId="39.[132,775,1363,1440]" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="532" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC0E420FC95F849FCDDF807" baselines="1968,1968" box="[813,860,1951,1974]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC0E420FCD8F872FC38F806" baselines="1969" box="[864,953,1956,1973]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="material" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">MATERIAL</smallCapsWord>
. —
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC0E420FC67F849FA2BF805" box="[991,1450,1950,1976]" country="Spain" location="Llobregat Basin" municipality="Molins del Rei" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FC67F849FBF8F80B" bold="true" box="[991,1145,1951,1976]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC0E420FC67F849FBBAF804" box="[991,1083,1951,1975]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC0E420FBFBF876FBF8F80B" box="[1091,1145,1952,1976]" name="Spain" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">Spain</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
•
<location id="8EF86017FFC0E420FB32F848FA9AF805" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC0E42FFCFFF936FD46FD63:8EF86017FFC0E420FB32F848FA9AF805" box="[1162,1307,1950,1974]" country="Spain" municipality="Molins del Rei" name="Llobregat Basin" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">Llobregat Basin</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCACB6FFC0E420FA9BF848FA2BF805" box="[1315,1450,1950,1974]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">Molins del Rei</collectingMunicipality>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC0E420FC93F86FFA31F85F" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Yellow" country="Spain" location="Molins del Rei" municipality="Anna" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFC0E420FC93F86FFCE6F862" box="[811,871,1977,2001]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">Yellow</collectorName>
and grey clays of
<location id="8EF86017FFC0E420FBB2F86FFB10F862" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC0E42FFCFFF936FD46FD63:8EF86017FFC0E420FBB2F86FFB10F862" box="[1034,1169,1977,2001]" country="Spain" municipality="Anna" name="Molins del Rei" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">Molins del Rei</location>
(quarry
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCACB6FFC0E420FB58F86FFA97F862" box="[1248,1302,1977,2001]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">Anna</collectingMunicipality>
); Pliocene (Zanclean);
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC0E420FCD2F802FC38F858" box="[874,953,2004,2027]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A77751 (
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC0E420FB98F805FBF1F858" box="[1056,1136,2003,2027]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">MNHN</collectionCode>
coll.),H:
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFC0E420FB7CF805FA84F858" box="[1220,1285,2003,2027]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" unit="mm" value="28.0">28 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC0E420FAB7F805FAF4F858" box="[1295,1397,2003,2028]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="39.[132,143,1192,1209]" captionTargetBox="[150,1438,242,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-538@39.[609,1070,505,769]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIG. 21. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) hirtus n. subgen., n. sp. (A-F) and Crassimurex (s.s.) calcitrapa (Lamarck, 1803) (G, H) for comparison: A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A77751 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei, Llobregat Basin, Spain, Early Pliocene (Zanclean); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A77752, Molins del Rei; E, F, paratype (juvenile), MNHN.F.A77753 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei; G, H, MNHN.F.A32445 (Morlet coll.), Beynes (Ferme de l’Orme), Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian). Scale bars: A, B, G, H, 10 mm; C-F, 5 mm. Credits: A-F, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); G, H, C. Lemzaouda (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985810/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">Figs 21A,B</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC0E420FAC2F805FA24F85F" box="[1402,1445,2003,2028]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="48.[132,143,1301,1318]" captionTargetBox="[145,1443,235,1238]" captionTargetId="figure-535@48.[700,1258,235,783]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIG. 28. — New species of Flexopteron Shuto, 1969, Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) n. subgen., Nucellopsis Merle, 2005 and Pronucellopsis Merle, n. gen.: A, B, Flexopteron liancurtense n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.J02578 (Cossmann coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre, France, Ypresian; B, paratype: MNHN.F.A77758 (Merle coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre; C-E, Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) hirtus n. subgen., n. sp.: C, paratype (juvenile), MNHN.F.A77753, Molins del Rei, Spain, Zanclean; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A77752, Molins del Rei; E, holotype, MNHN.F.A77751 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei; F, G, Nucellopsis parisiensis n. sp.: F, holotype, MNHN.F.R64955 (Merle coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle), France, Bartonian; G, paratype, MNHN.F.A90963 (Faullummel coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle); H, I, Pronucellopsis pacaudi Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret, n. gen., n. sp.: H, holotype, MNHN.F.J02587 (Cossmann coll.), Châlons-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian; I, paratype, MNHN.F.A90829 (Pacaud coll.), Jonchery-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian. Scale bars: 5 mm. Scale bar: A, B, 3 mm; C, D, F-I, 5 mm; E, 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985833/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">28E</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC1E421FF3CFA85FEFBFA13" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Yellow" country="Spain" location="Molins del Rei" municipality="Anna" pageId="39" pageNumber="532" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E421FF3CFA85FE9EFADE" bold="true" box="[132,287,1363,1389]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC1E421FF3CFA85FF60FAD8" box="[132,225,1363,1387]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC1E421FF51FA83FE9EFADE" box="[233,287,1365,1389]" name="Spain" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">Spain</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• 2 spm; same as for the holotype;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC1E421FDEBFA82FD24FAD8" box="[595,677,1364,1387]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A77752 (
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC1E421FF33FAB8FF5EFA35" box="[139,223,1390,1414]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">MNHN</collectionCode>
coll.) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC1E421FE90FAB8FE24FA36" box="[296,421,1390,1414]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="39.[132,143,1192,1209]" captionTargetBox="[150,1438,242,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-538@39.[609,1070,505,769]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIG. 21. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) hirtus n. subgen., n. sp. (A-F) and Crassimurex (s.s.) calcitrapa (Lamarck, 1803) (G, H) for comparison: A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A77751 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei, Llobregat Basin, Spain, Early Pliocene (Zanclean); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A77752, Molins del Rei; E, F, paratype (juvenile), MNHN.F.A77753 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei; G, H, MNHN.F.A32445 (Morlet coll.), Beynes (Ferme de l’Orme), Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian). Scale bars: A, B, G, H, 10 mm; C-F, 5 mm. Credits: A-F, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); G, H, C. Lemzaouda (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985810/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">Figs 21C, D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC1E421FE09FAB8FE61FA36" box="[433,480,1390,1414]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="48.[132,143,1301,1318]" captionTargetBox="[145,1443,235,1238]" captionTargetId="figure-535@48.[700,1258,235,783]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIG. 28. — New species of Flexopteron Shuto, 1969, Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) n. subgen., Nucellopsis Merle, 2005 and Pronucellopsis Merle, n. gen.: A, B, Flexopteron liancurtense n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.J02578 (Cossmann coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre, France, Ypresian; B, paratype: MNHN.F.A77758 (Merle coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre; C-E, Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) hirtus n. subgen., n. sp.: C, paratype (juvenile), MNHN.F.A77753, Molins del Rei, Spain, Zanclean; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A77752, Molins del Rei; E, holotype, MNHN.F.A77751 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei; F, G, Nucellopsis parisiensis n. sp.: F, holotype, MNHN.F.R64955 (Merle coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle), France, Bartonian; G, paratype, MNHN.F.A90963 (Faullummel coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle); H, I, Pronucellopsis pacaudi Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret, n. gen., n. sp.: H, holotype, MNHN.F.J02587 (Cossmann coll.), Châlons-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian; I, paratype, MNHN.F.A90829 (Pacaud coll.), Jonchery-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian. Scale bars: 5 mm. Scale bar: A, B, 3 mm; C, D, F-I, 5 mm; E, 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985833/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">28D</figureCitation>
,
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC1E421FE53FAB8FDC1FA36" box="[491,576,1390,1413]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A77753 (
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC1E421FD0BFAB8FC86FA35" box="[691,775,1390,1414]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">MNHN</collectionCode>
coll.) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC1E421FF7CFA5EFEB7FA13" box="[196,310,1416,1440]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="39.[132,143,1192,1209]" captionTargetBox="[150,1438,242,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-538@39.[609,1070,505,769]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIG. 21. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) hirtus n. subgen., n. sp. (A-F) and Crassimurex (s.s.) calcitrapa (Lamarck, 1803) (G, H) for comparison: A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A77751 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei, Llobregat Basin, Spain, Early Pliocene (Zanclean); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A77752, Molins del Rei; E, F, paratype (juvenile), MNHN.F.A77753 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei; G, H, MNHN.F.A32445 (Morlet coll.), Beynes (Ferme de l’Orme), Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian). Scale bars: A, B, G, H, 10 mm; C-F, 5 mm. Credits: A-F, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); G, H, C. Lemzaouda (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985810/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">Figs 21E, F</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC1E421FEF8FA5EFEEFFA13" box="[320,366,1416,1440]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="48.[132,143,1301,1318]" captionTargetBox="[145,1443,235,1238]" captionTargetId="figure-535@48.[700,1258,235,783]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIG. 28. — New species of Flexopteron Shuto, 1969, Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) n. subgen., Nucellopsis Merle, 2005 and Pronucellopsis Merle, n. gen.: A, B, Flexopteron liancurtense n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.J02578 (Cossmann coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre, France, Ypresian; B, paratype: MNHN.F.A77758 (Merle coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre; C-E, Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) hirtus n. subgen., n. sp.: C, paratype (juvenile), MNHN.F.A77753, Molins del Rei, Spain, Zanclean; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A77752, Molins del Rei; E, holotype, MNHN.F.A77751 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei; F, G, Nucellopsis parisiensis n. sp.: F, holotype, MNHN.F.R64955 (Merle coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle), France, Bartonian; G, paratype, MNHN.F.A90963 (Faullummel coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle); H, I, Pronucellopsis pacaudi Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret, n. gen., n. sp.: H, holotype, MNHN.F.J02587 (Cossmann coll.), Châlons-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian; I, paratype, MNHN.F.A90829 (Pacaud coll.), Jonchery-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian. Scale bars: 5 mm. Scale bar: A, B, 3 mm; C, D, F-I, 5 mm; E, 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985833/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">28C</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF586644FFC1E421FF3CFB7EFEEEFAA7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985810" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13985810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985810/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="532" startId="39.[132,143,1192,1209]" targetBox="[150,1438,242,1128]" targetPageId="39" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC1E421FF3CFB7EFEEEFAA7" blockId="39.[132,1457,1192,1300]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">
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. 21. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC1E421FD18FB7EFC4FFB0A" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[672,974,1192,1209]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Crassimurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="39" pageNumber="532" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hirtus" status="n. subgen., n. sp." subGenus="Pliocrassimurex">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E421FD18FB7EFC86FB0A" box="[672,775,1192,1209]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">Crassimurex</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E421FCAAFB7EFC14FB0A" box="[786,917,1192,1209]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">Pliocrassimurex</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E421FC18FB7EFC4FFB0A" box="[928,974,1192,1209]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">hirtus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC1E421FC6DFB7EFBEAFB0A" box="[981,1131,1192,1209]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532" rank="species">n. subgen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E421FBCCFB7EFB12FB0A" bold="true" box="[1140,1171,1192,1209]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">A -F</emphasis>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC1E421FB7DFB7EFAADFB0A" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="1990" box="[1221,1324,1192,1209]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Crassimurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="39" pageNumber="532" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E421FB7DFB7EFAADFB0A" box="[1221,1324,1192,1209]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">Crassimurex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E421FA8FFB7EFAD5FB0A" box="[1335,1364,1192,1209]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">s.s.</emphasis>
)
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC1E421FAE7FB7EFE8BFB63" authority="(Lamarck, 1803)" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="39" pageNumber="532" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="calcitrapa">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E421FAE7FB7EFA31FB0A" box="[1375,1456,1192,1209]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">calcitrapa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC1E421FF31FB69FE87FB63" author="LAMARCK J. - B." box="[137,262,1215,1232]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532" pagination="217 - 227" refId="ref45566" refString="LAMARCK J. - B. 1803. - Memoires sur les fossiles des environs de Paris (suite 1). Annales du Museum d'Histoire naturelle 2 (9): 217 - 227." type="journal article" year="1803">Lamarck, 1803</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E421FEADFB69FEA2FB63" bold="true" box="[277,291,1215,1232]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">G</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E421FE96FB69FEBDFB63" bold="true" box="[302,316,1215,1232]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">H</emphasis>
) for comparison:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E421FE68FB69FE5CFB63" bold="true" box="[464,477,1215,1232]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E421FE50FB69FE74FB63" bold="true" box="[488,501,1215,1232]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">B</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN.F.A77751 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei, Llobregat Basin, Spain, Early Pliocene (Zanclean);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E421FA3BFB69FA10FB63" bold="true" box="[1411,1425,1215,1232]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E421FA24FB69FA2BFB63" bold="true" box="[1436,1450,1215,1232]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">D</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.A77752, Molins del Rei;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E421FE56FB03FE7BFB55" bold="true" box="[494,506,1237,1254]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">E</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E421FDBCFB03FD8EFB55" bold="true" box="[516,527,1237,1254]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">F</emphasis>
, paratype (juvenile), MNHN.F.A77753 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E421FB87FB03FBCCFB55" bold="true" box="[1087,1101,1237,1254]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">G</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E421FBEFFB03FBE4FB55" bold="true" box="[1111,1125,1237,1254]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">H</emphasis>
, MNHN.F.A32445 (Morlet coll.), Beynes (Ferme de l’Orme), Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian). Scale bars: A, B, G, H, 10 mm; C-F, 5 mm. Credits: A-F, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); G, H, C. Lemzaouda (MNHN/CNRS).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC1E421FF3CFA6EFD49FA59" pageId="39" pageNumber="532" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC1E421FF3CFA6EFD49FA59" blockId="39.[132,775,1464,1514]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC1E421FF3CFA6EFF7FFA7D" baselines="1481,1482" box="[132,254,1464,1487]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Etymology" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">ETYMOLOGY</smallCapsWord>
. — From the Latin adjective
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC1E421FD94FA6EFDE3FA63" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[556,610,1464,1488]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Crassimurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="39" pageNumber="532" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hirtus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E421FD94FA6EFDE3FA63" box="[556,610,1464,1488]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">hirtus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
meaning bristly, because of the cord spines of the species; gender masculine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC1E421FF3CF9D4FD2EF9D7" pageId="39" pageNumber="532" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC1E421FF3CF9D4FC89F9A9" blockId="39.[132,776,1538,1562]" box="[132,776,1538,1562]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC1E421FF3CF9D4FF33F9AB" baselines="1555,1556" box="[132,178,1538,1561]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC1E421FF3CF9D4FF33F9AB" box="[132,178,1538,1561]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">TYPE</typeStatus>
</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC1E421FF0EF9D1FE8AF9AB" baselines="1556" box="[182,267,1543,1560]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="horizon" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">HORIZON</smallCapsWord>
. — Yellow and grey clays of Molins del Rei (quarry Anna).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC1E421FF3CF9E4FD2EF9D7" blockId="39.[131,775,1585,1636]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC1E421FF3CF9E4FF34F9F4" baselines="1603,1603" box="[132,181,1586,1609]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC1E421FF3CF9E4FF34F9F4" box="[132,181,1586,1609]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">TYPE</typeStatus>
</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC1E421FF03F9E1FE97F9FB" baselines="1604" box="[187,278,1591,1608]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="locality" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">LOCALITY</smallCapsWord>
. —
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC1E421FEF8F9E7FEF8F9FA" box="[320,377,1585,1609]" name="Spain" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">Spain</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="8EF86017FFC1E421FE3BF9E7FD9CF9FA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC0E42FFCFFF936FD46FD63:8EF86017FFC1E421FE3BF9E7FD9CF9FA" box="[387,541,1585,1609]" country="Spain" county="Molins del Rei" municipality="Pliocene" name="Llobregat Basin" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">Llobregat Basin</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCACB6FFC1E421FD9EF9E7FDF9F9FA" box="[550,632,1585,1609]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">Pliocene</collectingMunicipality>
(Zanclean; see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC1E421FF3BF99AFEF0F9D7" author="SALVANY J. M. &amp; AGUIRRE J." box="[131,369,1612,1636]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref48536" refString="SALVANY J. M. &amp; AGUIRRE J. 2020. - The Neogene and Quaternary deposits of the Barcelona city through the high-speed train line. Geologica Acta 18 (10): 1 - 19. https: // doi. org / 10.1344 / GeologicaActa 2020.18.10" type="journal article" year="2020">Salvany &amp; Aguirre 2020</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCounty id="62F94E40FFC1E421FE3FF99AFD96F9D7" box="[391,535,1612,1636]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">Molins del Rei</collectingCounty>
(quarry Anna).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC1E421FF3CF9AAFD19F920" box="[132,664,1659,1684]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC1E421FF3CF9AAFD19F920" blockId="39.[132,664,1659,1684]" box="[132,664,1659,1684]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC1E421FF3CF9AAFE93F921" baselines="1677,1678" box="[132,274,1660,1683]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Distribution" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
. — Only known from the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC1E421FDA4F9AAFDC7F927" box="[540,582,1660,1684]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC1E421FF3CF965FBD8F8BF" pageId="39" pageNumber="532" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC1E421FF3CF965FE94F978" blockId="39.[131,776,1715,2028]" box="[132,277,1715,1741]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC1E421FF3CF965FE94F978" baselines="1734,1734" box="[132,277,1715,1741]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Description" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">DESCRIPTION</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC1E421FF3CF904FBD8F8BF" blockId="39.[131,776,1715,2028]" lastBlockId="39.[811,1457,1363,1804]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">
Protoconch not preserved. Teleoconch up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFC1E421FD2AF904FD67F95F" box="[658,742,1746,1772]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="39" pageNumber="532" unit="mm" value="28.0">28 mm</quantity>
in height (
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC1E421FF59F924FECFF8BF" box="[225,334,1778,1804]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
), up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFC1E421FE08F924FD8CF8BF" box="[432,525,1778,1804]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="39" pageNumber="532" unit="mm" value="7.6">7.6 mm</quantity>
in width, biconic in profile, composed of six whorls. Moderately low spire with carinate whorls. Last whorl up to 76% of total length. Apical angle 68°. Spiral sculpture with marked primary cords. First whorl: not preserved; from second to fourth whorl: presence of P1 and P2, P2 close to abapical suture; fifth whorl: appearance of IP; sixth whorl: appearance of abis infrasutural ramp. P1 to P5 and s1 to s3 on convex part of whorl; P6, ADP, MP and ABP on siphonal canal. Axial sculpture with high, sublamellose varices. On second whorl: 9-10 varices; on third whorl: ten varices; from fourth whorl to fifth whorl: 8-10 varices; on sixth whorl: eight varices. On spire, short cord spines on P1-P2; P1 delimiting periphery. On last whorl, short cord spines on IP, P1-P6, ADP, MP, ABP, but more developed on P1, P2 and P3; P2 delimiting periphery. Ovate aperture up to 31% of diameter and up to 74% of length of last whorl (including siphonal canal). Columellar lip, smooth, adherent. Parietal lip smooth, adherent. Outer lip lacking internal denticles. Pseudoumbilicus moderately large. Siphonal canal open, up to 41% of aperture length, slightly dorsally recurved. Aragonitic microstructure.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC1E42FFC95F8E4FD46FD63" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="534" pageId="39" pageNumber="532" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC1E42FFC95F8E4FD46FD63" blockId="39.[811,1455,1842,2028]" lastBlockId="41.[131,775,215,720]" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="534" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC1E421FC95F8E4FC2DF8F9" baselines="1861,1861" box="[813,940,1842,1868]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Comments" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">COMMENTS</smallCapsWord>
By its shape and its sculpture,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC1E421FB34F884FA2EF8D8" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1164,1455,1873,1900]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Crassimurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="39" pageNumber="532" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hirtus" status="n. subgen., n. sp." subGenus="Pliocrassimurex">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E421FB34F884FB27F8DF" box="[1164,1190,1874,1900]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">C.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E421FB0FF887FADFF8D8" box="[1207,1374,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">Pliocrassimurex</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E421FAC8F887FA2EF8D8" box="[1392,1455,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">hirtus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC1E421FC95F8A4FC64F83F" box="[813,997,1905,1932]" pageId="39" pageNumber="532" rank="species">n. subgen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles members of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC1E421FB67F8A4FCE8F818" authority="Merle, 1990" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="1990" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Crassimurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="39" pageNumber="532" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E421FB67F8A4FAE1F83F" box="[1247,1376,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">Crassimurex</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC1E421FADFF8A7FCE8F818" author="MERLE D." pageId="39" pageNumber="532" pagination="145 - 185" refId="ref46577" refString="MERLE D. 1990. - Revision des Muricidae du Cuisien de Gan et de Bos d'Arros (Bassin d'Aquitaine, France). Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris 4 eme ser., 11 (1989), sect. C, 3: 145 - 185." type="journal article" year="1990">Merle, 1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. However, until now,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC1E421FBE6F844FB63F81F" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="1990" box="[1118,1250,1938,1964]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Crassimurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="39" pageNumber="532" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E421FBE6F844FB63F81F" box="[1118,1250,1938,1964]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">Crassimurex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was not known in the Pliocene and seemed extinct after the Middle Miocene.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC1E421FC93F807FC2BF858" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="1990" box="[811,938,2001,2027]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Crassimurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="39" pageNumber="532" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E421FC93F807FC2BF858" box="[811,938,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">Crassimurex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently represented by two subgenera,
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC1E42FFACEF807FF56FF42" italics="true" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="534" pageId="39" pageNumber="532">Crassimurex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFF50FF0EFE86FF42" box="[232,263,216,241]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">s.s.</emphasis>
): early Eocene to middle Eocene,
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFCFE42FFD3CFF0EFD53FF41" box="[644,722,216,242]" name="France" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">France</collectingCountry>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFF3CFF2EFE17FEA2" authorityName="Gurs" authorityYear="2001" box="[132,406,247,274]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Crassimurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Eopaziella">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFF3CFF2EFE89FEA1" box="[132,264,248,274]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Crassimurex</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFEA2FF21FE0BFEA2" box="[282,394,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Eopaziella</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
: late Eocene to Middle Miocene (Europe). Therefore, the discovery of a species of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFD75FEC1FF59FEE2" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="1990" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Crassimurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFD75FEC1FF59FEE2" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Crassimurex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Early Pliocene of Spain is surprising and extends the stratigraphic range of the genus.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFD3CFE81FEC7FE22" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Crassimurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pliocrassimurex">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFD3CFE81FC86FEC2" box="[644,775,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Crassimurex</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFF36FEA1FEBDFE22" box="[142,316,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Pliocrassimurex</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFE5EFEA1FDEFFE22" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="1990" box="[486,622,375,401]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Crassimurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFE5EFEA1FDEFFE22" box="[486,622,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Crassimurex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFD3BFEA1FD22FE23" box="[643,675,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">s.s.</emphasis>
) and
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFD55FEA1FC86FE22" box="[749,775,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">C.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFF36FE40FF7FFE03" box="[142,254,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Eopaziella</emphasis>
) by having a more obtuse shoulder angle. In
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFF3FFE61FF21FE62" box="[135,160,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">C.</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFF17FE60FED7FE63" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[175,342,438,464]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Crassimurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="531" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Pliocrassimurex">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFF17FE60FED7FE63" box="[175,342,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Pliocrassimurex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), P2 delimits the periphery on the last whorl, whereas in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFEF2FE01FE4DFE42" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="1990" box="[330,460,471,497]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Crassimurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFEF2FE01FE4DFE42" box="[330,460,471,497]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Crassimurex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFE65FE01FE7DFE43" box="[477,508,471,496]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">s.s.</emphasis>
) and
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFD82FE01FDD5FE42" box="[570,596,471,497]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">C.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFDDBFE00FD53FE43" box="[611,722,470,496]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Eopaziella</emphasis>
), P1 delimits the periphery.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFE2BFE21FD96FDA2" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="1990" box="[403,535,503,529]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Crassimurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFE2BFE21FD96FDA2" box="[403,535,503,529]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Crassimurex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFD90FE21FDC6FDA3" box="[552,583,503,528]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">s.s.</emphasis>
) 1990 can share cord spines with
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFEF1FDC1FEE2FD82" box="[329,355,535,561]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">C.</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFECCFDC0FD9AFD83" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[372,539,534,560]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Crassimurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="531" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Pliocrassimurex">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFECCFDC0FD9AFD83" box="[372,539,534,560]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Pliocrassimurex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), as seen in the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFCFE42FFD6FFDC1FC87FD82" box="[727,774,535,561]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">type</typeStatus>
species
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFF6FFDE0FF70FDE3" box="[215,241,566,592]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">C.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFEB9FDE1FEA1FDE3" box="[257,288,567,592]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">s.s.</emphasis>
)
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFE88FDE0FDDCFDE3" authority="(Lamarck, 1803)" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[304,605,566,592]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="calcitrapa">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFE88FDE0FE18FDE3" box="[304,409,566,592]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">calcitrapa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCFE42FFE10FDE0FDD4FDE3" author="LAMARCK J. - B." box="[424,597,566,592]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" pagination="217 - 227" refId="ref45566" refString="LAMARCK J. - B. 1803. - Memoires sur les fossiles des environs de Paris (suite 1). Annales du Museum d'Histoire naturelle 2 (9): 217 - 227." type="journal article" year="1803">Lamarck, 1803</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFCFE42FFDD5FDE0FD79FDE3" box="[621,760,566,592]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="39.[132,143,1192,1209]" captionTargetBox="[150,1438,242,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-538@39.[609,1070,505,769]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIG. 21. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) hirtus n. subgen., n. sp. (A-F) and Crassimurex (s.s.) calcitrapa (Lamarck, 1803) (G, H) for comparison: A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A77751 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei, Llobregat Basin, Spain, Early Pliocene (Zanclean); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A77752, Molins del Rei; E, F, paratype (juvenile), MNHN.F.A77753 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei; G, H, MNHN.F.A32445 (Morlet coll.), Beynes (Ferme de l’Orme), Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian). Scale bars: A, B, G, H, 10 mm; C-F, 5 mm. Credits: A-F, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); G, H, C. Lemzaouda (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985810/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Fig. 21G, H</figureCitation>
), but it differs by having varices which are not axially aligned.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFF3BFDA0FE13FD23" authorityName="Gurs" authorityYear="2001" box="[131,402,630,656]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Crassimurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Eopaziella">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFF3BFDA0FE86FD23" box="[131,263,630,656]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Crassimurex</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFEA0FDA0FE09FD23" box="[280,392,630,656]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Eopaziella</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
resembles
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFDB2FDA0FDA5FD23" box="[522,548,630,656]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">C.</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFD8DFDA0FD5DFD23" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[565,732,630,656]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Crassimurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="531" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Pliocrassimurex">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFD8DFDA0FD5DFD23" box="[565,732,630,656]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Pliocrassimurex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) by having varices axially aligned but differs in lacking cord spines (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCFE42FFEBBFD63FD80FD63" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[259,513,693,720]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFEBBFD63FEC5FD7C" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[259,324,693,719]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFEF4FD60FE03FD7C" box="[332,386,693,719]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">et al.</emphasis>
2011: 178
</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 62, pl. 144).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="00AE18C4A2E342FBB2E1220BD4026525">New Cenozoic Muricidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Europe</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC3E423FE99FDCEFDEBFD82" box="[289,618,535,562]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC3E423FE99FDCEFDEBFD82" blockId="37.[289,618,535,593]" box="[289,618,535,562]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">
<heading id="D0D081A0FFC3E423FE99FDCEFDEBFD82" box="[289,618,535,562]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FE99FDCEFDA8FD81" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[289,553,536,562]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="liancurtense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FE99FDCEFDA8FD81" bold="true" box="[289,553,536,562]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Flexopteron liancurtense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC3E423FD88FDC1FDEBFD82" box="[560,618,535,561]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC3E423FEE9FDE0FC86FD3F" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC3E423FEE9FDE0FDBAFDE3" blockId="37.[289,618,535,593]" box="[337,571,566,593]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC3E423FEE1FDE0FE26FDE3" box="[345,423,566,592]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="38.[132,143,1194,1211]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,214,1151]" captionTargetId="figure-386@38.[698,1267,187,730]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIG. 20. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Flexopteron constantinense n. sp. (A-D) and F. liancurtense n. sp. (E-H): A, B, paratype:MNHN.F. A77761 (MNHN coll.),Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin),Manche,France,late Eocene (Priabonian);C, D, holotype:MNHN.F.A77760 (MNHN coll.),Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin);E, F, holotype:MNHN.F.J02578 (Cossmann coll.),Liancourt-Saint-Pierre,Oise Paris Basin,France,early Eocene (Ypresian);G, H, paratype:MNHN.F.A77758 (Merle coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre. Scale bars: A, B, E-H, 3 mm; C, D, 5 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985808/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Figs 20</figureCitation>
E-H; 28A, B)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC3E423FF3CFDADFC86FD3F" blockId="37.[132,775,635,652]" box="[132,775,635,652]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">
<uri id="FFB63ACEFFC3E423FF3CFDADFC86FD3F" box="[132,775,635,652]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FF810C19FFC3E423FEEFFDADFC86FD3F" box="[343,775,635,652]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">
6CA77DFC-A09D-4A63-A2B4-55305DD23
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFC3E423FD65FDADFC86FD3F" box="[733,775,635,652]" country="Austria" name="Wien" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">BEC</collectingRegion>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC3E423FF3CFD6BFEE9FC30" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC3E423FF3CFD6BFE57FD5D" blockId="37.[132,775,700,751]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FF3CFD6BFE04FD67" ID-CoL="8Z95K" authorityName="Melleville" authorityYear="1843" box="[132,389,700,724]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="foliaceus" subGenus="Poirieria">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FF3CFD6BFF43FD67" box="[132,194,701,724]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Murex</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FF6BFD6BFEA7FD67" box="[211,294,701,724]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Poirieria</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FE8EFD6AFE04FD67" box="[310,389,700,724]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">foliaceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC3E423FE1BFD6AFD37FD67" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G." box="[419,694,700,724]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" pagination="26 - 45" refId="ref43883" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G. 1911. - Iconographie complete des coquilles fossiles de l'Eocene du Bassin de Paris. Tome 2. Hermann, Paris: pl. 26 - 45. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 36319938" type="book chapter" year="1911">Cossmann &amp; Pissarro 1911</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 36, fig. 169-17 [
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FF47FD01FEA2FD5D" box="[255,291,727,750]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">non</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC3E423FE91FD00FE49FD5C" author="MELLEVILLE" box="[297,456,726,751]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" pagination="1 - 2" refId="ref46417" refString="MELLEVILLE 1843. - Memoire sur les sables tertiaires inferieurs du bassin de Paris, avec la description de 78 especes de coquilles fossiles inedites de ce terrain. Annales des Sciences Geologiques 2 (1 - 2): 1 - 29, 77 - 120." type="journal article" year="1843">Melleville, 1843</bibRefCitation>
].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC3E423FF3CFCD1FD80FC8B" blockId="37.[132,775,774,825]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3711E2FFC3E423FF3CFCD1FD80FC8B" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FF3CFCD1FE26FCAD" ID-CoL="8Z9CL" baseAuthorityName="Melleville" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[132,423,774,798]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Poirieria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="foliacea" subGenus="Flexopteron">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FF3CFCD1FF57FCAD" box="[132,214,775,798]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Poirieria</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FF5EFCD0FED3FCAD" box="[230,338,774,798]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Flexopteron</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FED9FCD0FE26FCAD" box="[353,423,774,798]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">foliacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="0A8610DDFFC3E423FE7CFCD1FC83FCAD" author="LE RENARD J. &amp; PACAUD J. - M." box="[452,770,774,798]" page="114" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC3E423FE7CFCD1FC83FCAD" author="LE RENARD J. &amp; PACAUD J. - M." box="[452,770,774,798]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" pagination="65 - 132" refId="ref45932" refString="LE RENARD J. &amp; PACAUD J. - M. 1995. - Revision des Mollusques paleogenes du Bassin de Paris. 2: Liste des references primaires des especes. Cossmanniana 3 (3): 65 - 132." type="journal article" year="1995">Le Renard &amp; Pacaud 1995: 114</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, Ref. GA169-17 [
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FE93FCF7FECEFC8B" box="[299,335,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">non</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC3E423FEEDFCF6FE72FC8A" author="MELLEVILLE" box="[341,499,800,825]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" pagination="1 - 2" refId="ref46417" refString="MELLEVILLE 1843. - Memoire sur les sables tertiaires inferieurs du bassin de Paris, avec la description de 78 especes de coquilles fossiles inedites de ce terrain. Annales des Sciences Geologiques 2 (1 - 2): 1 - 29, 77 - 120." type="journal article" year="1843">Melleville, 1843</bibRefCitation>
].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC3E423FF3CFC87FEE9FC30" blockId="37.[132,775,848,899]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3711E2FFC3E423FF3CFC87FEE9FC30" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FF3CFC87FEE6FCDB" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="1999" box="[132,359,848,872]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Vauxyrytis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="liancurtensis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FF3CFC87FEE6FCDB" box="[132,359,848,872]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Vauxyrytis liancurtensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="0A8610DDFFC3E423FE3EFC86FDB3FCDB" author="MERLE D." box="[390,562,848,872]" page="459" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC3E423FE3EFC86FDB3FCDB" author="MERLE D." box="[390,562,848,872]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" refId="ref46629" refString="MERLE D. 1999. - La radiation des Muricidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) au Paleogene: approche phylogenetique et evolutive. Unpublished PhD thesis, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 499 p." type="book" year="1999">Merle 1999: 459</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 68 (unpublished thesis) (
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FF69FCBDFEDBFC30" box="[209,346,875,899]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">nomen nudum</emphasis>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC3E423FF3CFC4DFDF2FB08" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC3E423FF3CFC4DFEC0FBAF" blockId="37.[131,775,922,1211]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC3E423FF3CFC4DFEC0FBAF" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Cossmann" country="France" county="Ypresian" location="Paris Basin" municipality="Eocene" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC3E423FF3CFC4DFF37FC03" baselines="940,940" box="[132,182,923,946]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC3E423FF06FC76FE9CFC02" baselines="941" box="[190,285,928,945]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="material" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">MATERIAL</smallCapsWord>
. —
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FEE8FC4CFD81FC01" bold="true" box="[336,512,922,946]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC3E423FEE8FC4CFE30FC01" box="[336,433,922,946]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC3E423FE05FC4CFD81FC01" box="[445,512,922,946]" name="France" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
•
<location id="8EF86017FFC3E423FDA2FC4CFD0BFC01" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC3E423FE99FDCEFC48F93E:8EF86017FFC3E423FDA2FC4CFD0BFC01" box="[538,650,922,946]" country="France" county="Ypresian" municipality="Eocene" name="Paris Basin" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Paris Basin</location>
,
<location id="8EF86017FFC3E423FD2EFC4CFD47FC01" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC3E423FE99FDCEFC48F93E:8EF86017FFC3E423FD2EFC4CFD47FC01" box="[662,710,922,946]" country="France" county="Ypresian" municipality="Eocene" name="Oise" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Oise</location>
, Liancourt-Saint-Pierre;
<location id="8EF86017FFC3E423FE83FC63FE67FC7E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC3E423FE99FDCEFC48F93E:8EF86017FFC3E423FE83FC63FE67FC7E" box="[315,486,949,973]" country="France" county="Ypresian" municipality="Eocene" name="Sables d'Herouval" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Sables d’Hérouval</location>
(biozone NP12); early
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCACB6FFC3E423FD79FC63FC86FC7F" box="[705,775,949,972]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Eocene</collectingMunicipality>
(
<collectingCounty id="62F94E40FFC3E423FF31FC19FF62FC54" box="[137,227,975,999]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Ypresian</collectingCounty>
);
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC3E423FF4DFC06FECBFC54" box="[245,330,976,999]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.J02578 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFC3E423FE0CFC19FD9CFC54" box="[436,541,975,999]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Cossmann</collectorName>
coll.), figured specimen in
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC3E423FF18FC3CFE38FBB1" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G." box="[160,441,1002,1026]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" pagination="26 - 45" refId="ref43883" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G. 1911. - Iconographie complete des coquilles fossiles de l'Eocene du Bassin de Paris. Tome 2. Hermann, Paris: pl. 26 - 45. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 36319938" type="book chapter" year="1911">Cossmann &amp; Pissarro (1911</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 39, fig. 169-17), H:
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFC3E423FD0FFC3CFC86FBB2" box="[695,775,1002,1025]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" unit="mm" value="7.7">7.7 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC3E423FF34FBD2FF7FFBAF" box="[140,254,1028,1052]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="38.[132,143,1194,1211]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,214,1151]" captionTargetId="figure-386@38.[698,1267,187,730]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIG. 20. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Flexopteron constantinense n. sp. (A-D) and F. liancurtense n. sp. (E-H): A, B, paratype:MNHN.F. A77761 (MNHN coll.),Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin),Manche,France,late Eocene (Priabonian);C, D, holotype:MNHN.F.A77760 (MNHN coll.),Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin);E, F, holotype:MNHN.F.J02578 (Cossmann coll.),Liancourt-Saint-Pierre,Oise Paris Basin,France,early Eocene (Ypresian);G, H, paratype:MNHN.F.A77758 (Merle coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre. Scale bars: A, B, E-H, 3 mm; C, D, 5 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985808/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Figs 20E, F</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC3E423FEB1FBD2FEB7FBAF" box="[265,310,1028,1052]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="48.[132,143,1301,1318]" captionTargetBox="[145,1443,235,1238]" captionTargetId="figure-535@48.[700,1258,235,783]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIG. 28. — New species of Flexopteron Shuto, 1969, Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) n. subgen., Nucellopsis Merle, 2005 and Pronucellopsis Merle, n. gen.: A, B, Flexopteron liancurtense n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.J02578 (Cossmann coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre, France, Ypresian; B, paratype: MNHN.F.A77758 (Merle coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre; C-E, Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) hirtus n. subgen., n. sp.: C, paratype (juvenile), MNHN.F.A77753, Molins del Rei, Spain, Zanclean; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A77752, Molins del Rei; E, holotype, MNHN.F.A77751 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei; F, G, Nucellopsis parisiensis n. sp.: F, holotype, MNHN.F.R64955 (Merle coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle), France, Bartonian; G, paratype, MNHN.F.A90963 (Faullummel coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle); H, I, Pronucellopsis pacaudi Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret, n. gen., n. sp.: H, holotype, MNHN.F.J02587 (Cossmann coll.), Châlons-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian; I, paratype, MNHN.F.A90829 (Pacaud coll.), Jonchery-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian. Scale bars: 5 mm. Scale bar: A, B, 3 mm; C, D, F-I, 5 mm; E, 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985833/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">28A</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC3E423FF3CFBC9FDF2FB08" blockId="37.[131,775,922,1211]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC3E423FF3CFBC9FE35FBE2" country="France" location="France" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FF3CFBC9FEA7FB84" bold="true" box="[132,294,1055,1079]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC3E423FF3CFBC9FF61FB84" box="[132,224,1055,1079]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC3E423FF50FBC9FEA7FB84" box="[232,294,1055,1079]" name="France" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• 1 spm; same as for the holotype;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC3E423FDEDFBC9FD27FB85" box="[597,678,1055,1078]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A77758 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FF33FBEFFF44FBE2" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[139,197,1081,1105]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC3E423FEBDFBEFFEFAFBE3" box="[261,379,1081,1105]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="38.[132,143,1194,1211]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,214,1151]" captionTargetId="figure-386@38.[698,1267,187,730]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIG. 20. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Flexopteron constantinense n. sp. (A-D) and F. liancurtense n. sp. (E-H): A, B, paratype:MNHN.F. A77761 (MNHN coll.),Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin),Manche,France,late Eocene (Priabonian);C, D, holotype:MNHN.F.A77760 (MNHN coll.),Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin);E, F, holotype:MNHN.F.J02578 (Cossmann coll.),Liancourt-Saint-Pierre,Oise Paris Basin,France,early Eocene (Ypresian);G, H, paratype:MNHN.F.A77758 (Merle coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre. Scale bars: A, B, E-H, 3 mm; C, D, 5 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985808/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Figs 20G, H</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC3E423FE3AFBEFFE2CFBE2" box="[386,429,1081,1105]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="48.[132,143,1301,1318]" captionTargetBox="[145,1443,235,1238]" captionTargetId="figure-535@48.[700,1258,235,783]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIG. 28. — New species of Flexopteron Shuto, 1969, Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) n. subgen., Nucellopsis Merle, 2005 and Pronucellopsis Merle, n. gen.: A, B, Flexopteron liancurtense n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.J02578 (Cossmann coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre, France, Ypresian; B, paratype: MNHN.F.A77758 (Merle coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre; C-E, Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) hirtus n. subgen., n. sp.: C, paratype (juvenile), MNHN.F.A77753, Molins del Rei, Spain, Zanclean; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A77752, Molins del Rei; E, holotype, MNHN.F.A77751 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei; F, G, Nucellopsis parisiensis n. sp.: F, holotype, MNHN.F.R64955 (Merle coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle), France, Bartonian; G, paratype, MNHN.F.A90963 (Faullummel coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle); H, I, Pronucellopsis pacaudi Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret, n. gen., n. sp.: H, holotype, MNHN.F.J02587 (Cossmann coll.), Châlons-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian; I, paratype, MNHN.F.A90829 (Pacaud coll.), Jonchery-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian. Scale bars: 5 mm. Scale bar: A, B, 3 mm; C, D, F-I, 5 mm; E, 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985833/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">28B</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC3E423FE7EFBEFFF7FFBD8" country="France" location="France" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
17 spm; idem;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC3E423FDF7FBEFFD23FBE3" box="[591,674,1081,1104]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A77759 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FF33FB85FF47FBD8" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[139,198,1107,1131]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC3E423FEAEFB82FC86FBD8" box="[278,775,1107,1132]" country="France" location="France" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
9 spm; idem;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC3E423FE18FB82FE75FBD8" box="[416,500,1108,1131]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.J17633 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFC3E423FDE7FB82FD49FBDF" box="[607,712,1108,1132]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Cossmann</collectorName>
coll.);
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC3E423FF2EFBB8FC86FB13" collectorName="Herouval" country="France" location="Paris Basin" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
1 spm;
<location id="8EF86017FFC3E423FF59FBB8FECFFB35" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC3E423FE99FDCEFC48F93E:8EF86017FFC3E423FF59FBB8FECFFB35" box="[225,334,1134,1158]" country="France" name="Paris Basin" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Paris Basin</location>
, Oise,
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFC3E423FE2BFBB8FE6CFB35" box="[403,493,1134,1158]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Hérouval</collectorName>
;
<location id="8EF86017FFC3E423FE43FBB8FD2AFB35" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC3E423FE99FDCEFC48F93E:8EF86017FFC3E423FE43FBB8FD2AFB35" box="[507,683,1134,1158]" country="France" name="Sables d'Herouval" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Sables d’Hérouval</location>
(biozone NP12); early
<location id="8EF86017FFC3E423FEB1FB5FFECEFB13" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC3E423FE99FDCEFC48F93E:8EF86017FFC3E423FEB1FB5FFECEFB13" box="[265,335,1161,1184]" country="France" name="Eocene" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Eocene</location>
(
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFC3E423FEE4FB5EFE32FB13" box="[348,435,1160,1184]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Ypresian</collectorName>
);
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC3E423FE7DFB5FFD9BFB13" box="[453,538,1161,1184]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.B63662 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFC3E423FD32FB5EFD4EFB13" box="[650,719,1160,1184]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Morlet</collectorName>
coll.)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC3E423FF2CFB75FDF2FB08" box="[148,627,1187,1211]" collectorName="Ypresian" country="France" location="Eocene" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
29 spm; idem;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC3E423FE90FB75FEFCFB09" box="[296,381,1187,1210]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90913 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFC3E423FE56FB75FDB4FB08" box="[494,565,1187,1211]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Pacaud</collectorName>
coll.).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC3E423FF3CFB05FDEBFAB6" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC3E423FF3CFB05FDEBFAB6" blockId="37.[132,775,1234,1285]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC3E423FF3CFB05FF7FFB5A" baselines="1252,1253" box="[132,254,1235,1258]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Etymology" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">ETYMOLOGY</smallCapsWord>
. — From the Latin adjective
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FD98FB04FD0EFB59" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[544,655,1234,1258]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="liancurtense">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FD98FB04FD0EFB59" box="[544,655,1234,1258]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">liancurtense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in reference to the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC3E423FF7CFB3BFF6FFAB6" box="[196,238,1261,1285]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">type</typeStatus>
locality, Liancourt-Saint-Pierre (Oise).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC3E423FF3CFACBFEDCFA2A" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC3E423FF3CFACBFDC5FAFC" blockId="37.[132,775,1308,1359]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC3E423FF3CFACBFF34FA81" baselines="1326,1326" box="[132,181,1309,1332]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC3E423FF03FAF4FE97FA80" baselines="1327" box="[187,278,1314,1331]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="horizon" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">HORIZON</smallCapsWord>
. — Sables d’Hérouval (biozone NP12), see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC3E423FD07FACAFE89FAFC" author="GELY J. - P. &amp; LORENZ C." pageId="37" pageNumber="530" pagination="713 - 747" refId="ref44561" refString="GELY J. - P. &amp; LORENZ C. 1991. - Analyse sequentielle de l'Eocene et de l'Oligocene du Bassin parisien (France). Revue de l'institut francais du petrole 46 (6): 713 - 747." type="journal article" year="1991">Gély &amp; Lorenz (1991</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 1), early Eocene (Ypresian).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC3E423FF3CFAB1FEDCFA2A" blockId="37.[132,781,1383,1433]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC3E423FF3CFAB1FF34FACF" baselines="1400,1400" box="[132,181,1383,1406]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC3E423FF01FABAFE93FACE" baselines="1401" box="[185,274,1388,1405]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="locality" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">LOCALITY</smallCapsWord>
. —
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC3E423FE82FAB1FEFDFACD" box="[314,380,1383,1406]" name="France" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">France</collectingCountry>
, Paris Basin, Oise, Liancourt-Saint-Pierre, see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC3E423FF1FFA57FEDBFA2A" author="FRITEL P. H." box="[167,346,1409,1433]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" refId="ref44321" refString="FRITEL P. H. 1910. - Guide geologique et paleontologique de la region parisienne dans un rayon de 100 kilometres. Deyrolle, Paris, 356 p." type="book" year="1910">Fritel (1910: 190)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC3E423FF3CFA67FE0EFA50" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC3E423FF3CFA67FE0EFA50" blockId="37.[132,775,1457,1507]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC3E423FF3CFA67FE95FA74" baselines="1474,1475" box="[132,276,1457,1480]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Distribution" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
. — Paris Basin (
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC3E423FE79FA67FD88FA7A" box="[449,521,1457,1481]" name="France" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">France</collectingCountry>
), early Eocene (Ypresian, Hérouval Formation only).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC3E423FF3CF9C5FC48F93E" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC3E423FF3CF9C5FE94F998" blockId="37.[131,777,1555,2028]" box="[132,277,1555,1581]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC3E423FF3CF9C5FE94F998" baselines="1574,1574" box="[132,277,1555,1581]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Description" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">DESCRIPTION</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC3E423FF3CF9E4FBC7FE43" blockId="37.[131,777,1555,2028]" lastBlockId="37.[811,1456,215,496]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">
Smooth, conical multispiral protoconch of around three whorls. Sinusigeral scar well marked. Biconic teleoconch up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFC3E423FF76F9A5FE93F93E" box="[206,274,1651,1677]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
in height, up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFC3E423FE63F9A4FDA1F93E" box="[475,544,1650,1677]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
in width (including cord spines). Moderately high spire, up to four subcarinate whorls. Last whorl (fourth whorl) up to 68% of total length. Apical angle 54° including P1 spine. Spiral sculpture with marked primary cords. First whorl: no cord; second whorl: appearance of P2 weak; third whorl: development of P1 spine and appearance of P3 above suture line. Fourth and last whorl: no primary cord on sutural ramp, P1 to P5, s1 and s2 moderately marked, P6 and ADP weak on siphonal canal. Axial sculpture with 11 lamellose varices on first whorl, 13 on second, and 14 on third and fourth. Varices axially aligned in a zig-zag fashion. Ovate aperture up to 36% of diameter and up to 77% of length of the last whorl (including siphonal canal). Columellar lip slightly erect anteriorly, adherent posteriorly, usually smooth or occasionnally with one tubercle. No anal sulcus, no parietal callus. Outer lip with small denticles. D1 to D5 simple, D1 more developed than other denticles. Outer lip not crenulate. Shoulder sinus of P1 spine widely open, shallow. Pseudoumbilicus narrow. Siphonal canal open, up to 36% of the apertural length and slightly dorsally recurved.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC3E423FC95FDC0FC46FD9C" blockId="37.[810,1458,534,1677]" box="[813,967,534,560]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC3E423FC95FDC0FC46FD9C" baselines="553,554" box="[813,967,534,560]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Comparisons" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">COMPARISONS</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC3E423FC95FDE0FC48F93E" blockId="37.[810,1458,534,1677]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC3E423FC95FDE0FC5DFDE3" author="MELLEVILLE" box="[813,988,566,592]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" pagination="1 - 2" refId="ref46417" refString="MELLEVILLE 1843. - Memoire sur les sables tertiaires inferieurs du bassin de Paris, avec la description de 78 especes de coquilles fossiles inedites de ce terrain. Annales des Sciences Geologiques 2 (1 - 2): 1 - 29, 77 - 120." type="journal article" year="1843">Melleville (1843)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FBFBFDE1FB65FDE3" authorityName="Melleville" authorityYear="1843" box="[1091,1252,566,592]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="foliaceous">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FBFBFDE1FB65FDE3" box="[1091,1252,566,592]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Murex foliaceous</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for a small Ypresian
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FC92FD80FC23FDC3" authorityName="Shuto" authorityYear="1969" box="[810,930,598,624]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FC92FD80FC23FDC3" box="[810,930,598,624]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Flexopteron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
displaying axially zizgaging lamellae and a short P1 spine. Later,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC3E423FC6FFDA0FB1BFD23" author="COSSMANN M." box="[983,1178,630,656]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" refId="ref43425" refString="COSSMANN M. 1889. - Catalogue illustre des coquilles fossiles de l'Eocene des environs de Paris faisant suite aux travaux paleontologiques de G. - P. Deshayes. 4 eme fascicule. Annales de la Societe royale Malacologique de Belgique 24: 1 - 385. [Also published as Cossmann M. 1889 (December). - Catalogue illustre des coquilles fossiles de l'Eocene des environs de Paris faisant suite aux travaux paleontologiques de G. - P. Deshayes. 4 eme fascicule, Societe royale malacologique de Belgique, Bruxelles, 385 p.]" type="book" year="1889">Cossmann (1889)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FAB4FDA1FA2FFD23" box="[1292,1454,630,656]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dyscritus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FAB4FDA1FA2FFD23" box="[1292,1454,630,656]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Murex dyscritus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which bears less marked primary cords than
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FB44FD40FA27FD03" authorityName="Melleville" authorityYear="1843" box="[1276,1446,662,688]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="foliaceous">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FB44FD40FA27FD03" box="[1276,1446,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Murex foliaceous</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, numerous specimens housed in the MNHN show many transitional forms suggesting these differences represent intraspecific variation. Thus, the older binome
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FA94FD20FCE0FC9C" authorityName="Melleville" authorityYear="1843" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="foliaceous">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FA94FD20FCE0FC9C" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Murex foliaceous</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
takes nomenclatural priority. Moreover,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC3E423FAA6FCC3FC5CFCFC" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G." pageId="37" pageNumber="530" pagination="26 - 45" refId="ref43883" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G. 1911. - Iconographie complete des coquilles fossiles de l'Eocene du Bassin de Paris. Tome 2. Hermann, Paris: pl. 26 - 45. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 36319938" type="book chapter" year="1911">Cossmann &amp; Pissarro (1911)</bibRefCitation>
illustrated an atypic specimen from the Ypresian of Liancourt-Saint-Pierre (Hérouval Formation), squatter than usual for
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FB8FFCA0FB36FC3C" baseAuthorityName="Melleville" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[1079,1207,885,911]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="foliaceum">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FB8FFCA0FB36FC3C" box="[1079,1207,885,911]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">F. foliaceum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with a bent siphonal canal, poorly developed P1 spines, more marked primary cords and occasionally a tubercle on the columellar lip. This specimen from Liancourt is not a pathological specimen and all specimens from this locality and Hérouval display similar morphology. They differ from
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FB14FBC3FAAAFB9D" baseAuthorityName="Melleville" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[1196,1323,1044,1070]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="foliaceum">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FB14FBC3FAAAFB9D" box="[1196,1323,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">F. foliaceum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(also found at Liancourt-Saint-Pierre) by having spiral cords P1 and P2 appearing earlier in ontogeny.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC3E423FB31FB82FA95FBDD" author="MERLE D." box="[1161,1300,1108,1134]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" refId="ref46629" refString="MERLE D. 1999. - La radiation des Muricidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) au Paleogene: approche phylogenetique et evolutive. Unpublished PhD thesis, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 499 p." type="book" year="1999">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FB31FB82FB4BFBDD" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1161,1226,1108,1134]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
(1999
</bibRefCitation>
, unpublished thesis) illustrated several other specimens and the ontogenetic changes in their spiral sculpture. He considered this population as a different species and named it
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FB0BFB63FA29FB7D" box="[1203,1448,1204,1230]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FB0BFB63FA9EFB7D" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="1999" box="[1203,1311,1205,1230]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Vauxyrytis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Vauxyrytis</taxonomicName>
liancurtensis
</emphasis>
. However,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC3E423FC18FB02FBB7FB5D" author="MERLE D." box="[928,1078,1236,1262]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" refId="ref46629" refString="MERLE D. 1999. - La radiation des Muricidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) au Paleogene: approche phylogenetique et evolutive. Unpublished PhD thesis, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 499 p." type="book" year="1999">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FC18FB02FC60FB5D" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[928,993,1236,1262]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
(1999)
</bibRefCitation>
is an unpublished thesis and the name is a
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FC27FB22FBBBFABE" box="[927,1082,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">nomen nudum</emphasis>
made available herein. Placement of this species in the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FBE5FAC2FAD6FA9D" authority="Merle, 1999" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="1999" box="[1117,1367,1299,1326]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Vauxyrytis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FBE5FAC2FB48FA9E" box="[1117,1225,1300,1325]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Vauxyrytis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC3E423FB68FAC5FAD6FA9D" author="MERLE D." box="[1232,1367,1299,1326]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" refId="ref46629" refString="MERLE D. 1999. - La radiation des Muricidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) au Paleogene: approche phylogenetique et evolutive. Unpublished PhD thesis, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 499 p." type="book" year="1999">Merle, 1999</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FAD1FAC2FCF8FAFE" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">nomen nudum</emphasis>
), an unpublished genus corresponding to
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FAE8FAE2FCF1FADE" authority="Merle" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Beyregrex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FAE8FAE2FA30FAFE" box="[1360,1457,1332,1357]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Beyregrex</emphasis>
Merle
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC3E423FCC5FA82FC4AFADD" box="[893,971,1364,1390]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(see below), was based on the shape of the varices, which are not spiny, and the occasional presence of a columellar tubercle. Nevertheless, we found some specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FCF1FA62FC5FFA7E" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[841,990,1459,1485]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="liancurtense" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FCF1FA62FC5FFA7E" box="[841,990,1459,1485]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">F. liancurtense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC3E423FC5DFA65FBA1FA7E" box="[997,1056,1459,1485]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
with P1 spines and several species of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FC94FA05FC25FA5E" authorityName="Shuto" authorityYear="1969" box="[812,932,1491,1517]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FC94FA05FC25FA5E" box="[812,932,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Flexopteron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can have a columellar tubercle [e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FA8BFA02FC7DF9BE" authority="(Cossmann, 1923)" baseAuthorityName="Cossmann" baseAuthorityYear="1923" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ogormani">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FA8BFA02FA2EFA5E" box="[1331,1455,1492,1517]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">F. ogormani</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC3E423FC8CFA25FC72F9BE" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; O'GORMAN G." box="[820,1011,1523,1549]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" refId="ref43730" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; O'GORMAN G. 1923. - Description des mollusques, in O'GORMAN G. (ed.), Le gisement cuisien de Gan (Basses Pyrenees). Cossmann, Pau, 188 p." type="book" year="1923">Cossmann, 1923</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
]. In addition,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FB28FA25FAA5F9BE" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1168,1316,1523,1549]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="liancurtense" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FB28FA25FAA5F9BE" box="[1168,1316,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">F. liancurtense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC3E423FA93FA25FAE5F9BE" box="[1323,1380,1523,1549]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
clearly resembles a Tortonian species from NW
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC3E423FB5DF9C5FAB0F99E" box="[1253,1329,1555,1581]" name="France" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">France</collectingCountry>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FA85F9C5FA03F9FE" authority="(Landau, Merle, Ceulemans &amp; Van Dingenen, 2019)" baseAuthorityName="Landau, Merle, Ceulemans &amp; Van Dingenen" baseAuthorityYear="2019" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gallicum">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FA85F9C5FA2EF99F" box="[1341,1455,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">F. gallicum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC3E423FC8CF9E4FAFAF9FE" author="LANDAU B. M. &amp; MERLE D. &amp; CEULEMANS L. &amp; VAN DINGENEN F." box="[820,1403,1586,1613]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" pagination="3 - 44" refId="ref45827" refString="LANDAU B. M., MERLE D., CEULEMANS L. &amp; VAN DINGENEN F., 2019. - The upper Miocene gastropods of northwestern France, 3. Muricidae. Cainozoic Research 19 (1): 3 - 44." type="journal article" year="2019">Landau, Merle, Ceulemans &amp; Van Dingenen, 2019</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC3E423FC97F984FB82F9DF" author="LANDAU B. M. &amp; MERLE D. &amp; CEULEMANS L. &amp; VAN DINGENEN F." box="[815,1027,1618,1644]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" pagination="3 - 44" refId="ref45827" refString="LANDAU B. M., MERLE D., CEULEMANS L. &amp; VAN DINGENEN F., 2019. - The upper Miocene gastropods of northwestern France, 3. Muricidae. Cainozoic Research 19 (1): 3 - 44." type="journal article" year="2019">
Landau
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FC3EF985FC3BF9DF" box="[902,954,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">et al.</emphasis>
(2019
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 11). Thus, we attribute this species to
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FCF2F9A4FC43F93F" authorityName="Shuto" authorityYear="1969" box="[842,962,1650,1676]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FCF2F9A4FC43F93F" box="[842,962,1650,1676]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Flexopteron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

166
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@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
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Genus
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FEE7FE20FE6CFDA3" box="[351,493,502,528]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Textiliomurex</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC4E424FE4CFE20FDF8FDA3" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[500,633,502,528]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">Merle, 2011</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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. —
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by original designation. Middle Eocene: Paris basin,
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and
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Basin,
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC4E424FF70FDB2FE9CFDCF" box="[200,285,612,636]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">England</collectingCountry>
.
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FF3CFD03FE96FD5C" box="[132,279,725,751]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Textiliomurex</emphasis>
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shares similarities with
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FD94FD00FD1DFD5C" box="[556,668,726,751]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Pterynotus</emphasis>
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(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FD15FD00FD4AFD5C" box="[685,715,726,751]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">s.s.</emphasis>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FF3EFD20FE06FCBC" authorityName="Houart" authorityYear="1995" box="[134,391,757,783]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pterymarchia">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FF3EFD20FF6FFCBC" box="[134,238,758,783]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Pterynotus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FF41FD23FEFFFCBC" box="[249,382,757,783]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Pterymarchia</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
such as a scabrous surface, columellar denticles and a series of internal denticles including ID, D1 to D6.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FF6BFCE3FEE0FCFC" ID-CoL="9FP28" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2011" box="[211,353,821,847]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Textiliomurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FF6BFCE3FEE0FCFC" box="[211,353,821,847]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Textiliomurex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not display trivaricate axial sculpture and lacks intervarices, usually found in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FDE7FC80FD4AFCDC" ID-CoL="7PF5Y" authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1833" box="[607,715,854,879]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FDE7FC80FD4AFCDC" box="[607,715,854,879]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Pterynotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FD62FC80FD76FCDC" box="[730,759,854,879]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">s.s.</emphasis>
). The number of varices on the last whorls of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FDDAFCA3FD71FC3C" ID-CoL="9FP28" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2011" box="[610,752,885,911]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Textiliomurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FDDAFCA3FD71FC3C" box="[610,752,885,911]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Textiliomurex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is higher (9-11) than in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FECCFC43FE7FFC1C" ID-CoL="BFGQT" authorityName="Houart" authorityYear="1995" box="[372,510,917,943]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterymarchia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FECCFC43FE7FFC1C" box="[372,510,917,943]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Pterymarchia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(3-5, see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC4E424FDD0FC43FD77FC03" author="HOUART R." box="[616,758,917,944]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" pagination="127 - 136" refId="ref44916" refString="HOUART R. 1995. - Pterymarchia n. gen. and Vaughtia n. gen., two new muricid genera (Gastropoda: Muricidae: Muricinae and Ocenebrinae). Apex 10 (4): 127 - 136. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 42257087" type="journal article" year="1995">Houart 1995</bibRefCitation>
). As with
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FF59FC63FECAFC7D" ID-CoL="7PF5Y" authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1833" box="[225,331,949,974]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FF59FC63FECAFC7D" box="[225,331,949,974]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Pterynotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, we cannot give a subfamilial placement to this genus.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC4E424FE9AFC02FDA8FC5C" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[290,553,980,1007]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FE9AFC02FEE0FC5D" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[290,353,980,1006]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FED1FC03FE1FFC5D" box="[361,414,980,1006]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">et al.</emphasis>
(2011: 127)
</bibRefCitation>
included six species in the genus. Recently,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC4E424FE34FC23FDB8FBBC" author="LOZOUET P." box="[396,569,1013,1039]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" pagination="3 - 162" refId="ref46112" refString="LOZOUET P. 2023. - Muricidae (Gastropoda, Neogastropoda) de l'Oligocene superieur (Chattien) du bassin de l'Adour (Sud-Ouest de la France). Cossmanniana 24: 3 - 162." type="journal article" year="2023">Lozouet (2023)</bibRefCitation>
added (with some doubt) one species from the Chattian of the
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFC4E424FDE6FBC2FD49FB9D" box="[606,712,1044,1070]" country="France" name="Aquitaine" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Aquitaine</collectingRegion>
Basin (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FF35FBE2FDE5FBFD" ID-CoL="BM2PV" authority="Lozouet, 2023" authorityName="Lozouet" authorityYear="2023" box="[141,612,1076,1103]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Textiliomurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="problematicus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FF35FBE2FE9AFBFD" box="[141,283,1076,1102]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Textiliomurex</emphasis>
?
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FE94FBE2FE3BFBFD" box="[300,442,1076,1102]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">problematicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC4E424FE7AFBE3FDE5FBFD" author="LOZOUET P." box="[450,612,1076,1103]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" pagination="3 - 162" refId="ref46112" refString="LOZOUET P. 2023. - Muricidae (Gastropoda, Neogastropoda) de l'Oligocene superieur (Chattien) du bassin de l'Adour (Sud-Ouest de la France). Cossmanniana 24: 3 - 162." type="journal article" year="2023">Lozouet, 2023</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
), and we add a new species from the Lutetian of the Paris Basin herein.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

249
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FEB5FB63FDBCFB7C" bold="true" box="[269,573,1205,1231]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Textiliomurex chodmonensis</emphasis>
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(
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A-D; 27I, J)
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. —
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•
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(
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inférieur (biozone NP14); middle
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<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC4E424FE81FA7FFE2CFA72" box="[313,429,1449,1473]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="36.[132,143,1313,1330]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,214,1228]" captionTargetId="figure-443@36.[746,1306,253,786]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIG. 19. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Textiliomurex chodmonensis n. sp. (A-D) and Ponderia remyi n. sp. (E, H): A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A81144 (Pacaud coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy), Oise, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A81145 (Pons coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy); E, F, holotype, MNHN.F.A90548 (Remy coll.), Fresville, Manche, Normandy, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); G, H, MNHN.F.A90555, Fresville (Remy coll.). Scale bars: 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985804/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Figs 19A, B</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC4E424FE00FA7FFE5DFA72" box="[440,476,1449,1473]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[132,143,1606,1623]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1546]" captionTargetId="figure-366@46.[699,1260,794,1359]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 27. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885, Pterynotus Swainson, 1833 (Pterymarchia Houart, 1995), Textiliomurex Merle, 2011, Ponderia Houart, 1986 and Flexopteron Shuto, 1969: A-C, Timbellus submicropterus n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, France, Lutetian; B, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, France, Lutetian; C, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; D, T. cf. submicropterus n. sp., MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan-Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), France, Bartonian; E, F, Pterynotus (Pterymarchia) gaasensis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A32492 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos), France, Rupelian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos); G, H, P. (P.) pelouatensis n. sp.: G, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), France, Burdigalian; H, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua); I, J, Textiliomurex chodmonensis n. sp.: I, holotype, MNHN.F.A81144 (Pacaud coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy), France, Lutetian; J, paratype, MNHN.F.A81145 (Pons coll.), Chaumont-en- Vexin (Carrière Darcy); K, L, Ponderia remyi n. sp.: K, holotype, MNHN.F.A90548 (Remy coll.), Fresville, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A90555, Fresville (Remy coll.); M, N, Flexopteron constantinense n. sp.: M, paratype, MNHN.F.A77761 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin), France, Priabonian; N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77760 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin). Scale bars: A-D, I-L, 10 mm; E-H, N, 5 mm; M, 3 mm. Credits: A, B, D-F, N, P. Loubry (MNHN/ CNRS); C, E. Robert (UCBL)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985831/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">27I</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC4E424FF3CFA12FE36FA45" blockId="34.[130,775,1370,1526]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC4E424FF3CFA12FE32FA45" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Pons" country="France" location="France" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FF3CFA12FEA1FA6F" bold="true" box="[132,288,1476,1500]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC4E424FF3CFA12FF58FA6F" box="[132,217,1476,1500]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC4E424FF59FA12FEA1FA6F" box="[225,288,1476,1500]" name="France" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• 1 spm; same as for the holotype;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC4E424FDECFA12FD24FA68" box="[596,677,1476,1499]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A81145 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFC4E424FF33FA08FF3AFA45" box="[139,187,1502,1526]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Pons</collectorName>
coll.) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC4E424FEB9FA08FEFDFA46" box="[257,380,1502,1526]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="36.[132,143,1313,1330]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,214,1228]" captionTargetId="figure-443@36.[746,1306,253,786]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIG. 19. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Textiliomurex chodmonensis n. sp. (A-D) and Ponderia remyi n. sp. (E, H): A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A81144 (Pacaud coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy), Oise, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A81145 (Pons coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy); E, F, holotype, MNHN.F.A90548 (Remy coll.), Fresville, Manche, Normandy, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); G, H, MNHN.F.A90555, Fresville (Remy coll.). Scale bars: 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985804/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Figs 19C, D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC4E424FE3EFA08FE2BFA45" box="[390,426,1502,1526]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[132,143,1606,1623]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1546]" captionTargetId="figure-366@46.[699,1260,794,1359]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 27. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885, Pterynotus Swainson, 1833 (Pterymarchia Houart, 1995), Textiliomurex Merle, 2011, Ponderia Houart, 1986 and Flexopteron Shuto, 1969: A-C, Timbellus submicropterus n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, France, Lutetian; B, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, France, Lutetian; C, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; D, T. cf. submicropterus n. sp., MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan-Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), France, Bartonian; E, F, Pterynotus (Pterymarchia) gaasensis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A32492 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos), France, Rupelian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos); G, H, P. (P.) pelouatensis n. sp.: G, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), France, Burdigalian; H, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua); I, J, Textiliomurex chodmonensis n. sp.: I, holotype, MNHN.F.A81144 (Pacaud coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy), France, Lutetian; J, paratype, MNHN.F.A81145 (Pons coll.), Chaumont-en- Vexin (Carrière Darcy); K, L, Ponderia remyi n. sp.: K, holotype, MNHN.F.A90548 (Remy coll.), Fresville, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A90555, Fresville (Remy coll.); M, N, Flexopteron constantinense n. sp.: M, paratype, MNHN.F.A77761 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin), France, Priabonian; N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77760 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin). Scale bars: A-D, I-L, 10 mm; E-H, N, 5 mm; M, 3 mm. Credits: A, B, D-F, N, P. Loubry (MNHN/ CNRS); C, E. Robert (UCBL)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985831/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">27J</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC4E424FF3CF9D8FEA9F9E9" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC4E424FF3CF9D8FEA9F9E9" blockId="34.[131,776,1550,1626]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC4E424FF3CF9D8FF7CF997" baselines="1567,1568" box="[132,253,1550,1573]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Etymology" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">ETYMOLOGY</smallCapsWord>
. — Name from the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC4E424FE06F9D8FE69F995" box="[446,488,1550,1574]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">type</typeStatus>
locality Chaumont-en-Vexin. This place name comes from the Celtic words Chod “wood” and
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFC4E424FF3EF995FF37F9E9" box="[134,182,1603,1626]" country="United Kingdom" name="Isle of Anglesey" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Mon</collectingRegion>
“montain”.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC4E424FF3CF9A5FDE3F95D" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC4E424FF3CF9A5FC87F916" blockId="34.[132,775,1650,1701]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC4E424FF3CF9A5FF37F93B" baselines="1668,1668" box="[132,182,1651,1674]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC4E424FF07F9AEFE9DF93A" baselines="1669" box="[191,284,1656,1673]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="horizon" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">HORIZON</smallCapsWord>
. — Calcaire Grossier inférieur (biozone NP14), see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC4E424FF1FF95BFEFBF916" author="GELY J. - P. &amp; LORENZ C." box="[167,378,1677,1701]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" pagination="713 - 747" refId="ref44561" refString="GELY J. - P. &amp; LORENZ C. 1991. - Analyse sequentielle de l'Eocene et de l'Oligocene du Bassin parisien (France). Revue de l'institut francais du petrole 46 (6): 713 - 747." type="journal article" year="1991">Gély &amp; Lorenz (1991</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 1), middle Eocene (lower Lutetian).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC4E424FF3CF96BFDE3F95D" blockId="34.[132,775,1724,1775]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC4E424FF3CF96BFF34F961" baselines="1742,1742" box="[132,181,1725,1748]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC4E424FF03F914FE97F960" baselines="1743" box="[187,278,1730,1747]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="locality" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">LOCALITY</smallCapsWord>
. —
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC4E424FEFAF96BFE07F967" box="[322,390,1725,1748]" name="France" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">France</collectingCountry>
, Paris Basin, Oise, Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy), see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC4E424FEEDF901FDDDF95C" author="OTT D'ESTEVOU P. &amp; BARRIER P. &amp; ROMANEK C. &amp; MAILLE T." box="[341,604,1751,1775]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" pagination="3 - 15" refId="ref48021" refString="OTT D'ESTEVOU P., BARRIER P., ROMANEK C. &amp; MAILLE T. 2014. - Mise en evidence d'un beachrock dans le Lutetien inferieur de Chaumont-en-Vexin (Sud-Ouest de l'Oise). Bulletin de l'Association des Geologues du Bassin de Paris 51 (1): 3 - 15." type="journal article" year="2014">
Ott d’Estevou
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FE5CF901FD92F95C" box="[484,531,1751,1775]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">et al.</emphasis>
(2014)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC4E424FF3CF8D1FD19F8AD" box="[132,664,1798,1823]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC4E424FF3CF8D1FD19F8AD" blockId="34.[132,664,1798,1823]" box="[132,664,1798,1823]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC4E424FF3CF8D1FE93F8AE" baselines="1816,1817" box="[132,274,1799,1822]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Distribution" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
. — Only known from the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC4E424FDA4F8D1FDC7F8AC" box="[540,582,1799,1823]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC4E424FF3CF884FAC1FB7D" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC4E424FF3CF884FE94F8D9" blockId="34.[130,777,1874,2028]" box="[132,277,1874,1900]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC4E424FF3CF884FE94F8D9" baselines="1893,1893" box="[132,277,1874,1900]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Description" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">DESCRIPTION</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC4E424FF3CF8A7FAEEFCFC" blockId="34.[130,777,1874,2028]" lastBlockId="34.[811,1457,215,848]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">
Protoconch not preserved. Fusiform teleoconch up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFC4E424FD02F8A7FC86F83F" box="[698,775,1905,1932]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" unit="mm" value="28.0">28 mm</quantity>
in height, up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFC4E424FE82F847FE0AF81F" box="[314,395,1937,1964]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" unit="mm" value="21.0">21 mm</quantity>
in width. High spire, up to seven rounded whorls. Last whorl (seventh whorl) up to 65% of total length. Apical angle 55°. Spiral sculpture with fine, narrow, well marked primary and secondary cords. First to third whorl not preserved. Fourth whorl: IP, s1 and P2. Fifth whorl: appearance of the secondary cord adis (sutural ramp). Sixth whorl: addition of tertiary cords on sutural ramp and convex part of whorl. Seventh and last whorl: IP, adis and abis (sutural ramp), P1 to P6 (convex part of the whorl); P6 placed on base on convex part of whorl; ADP, MP, ABP (siphonal canal), MP, ABP poorly distinct from secondary cords; primary and secondary cords of same thickness. Surface of shell with numerous threads. Axial sculpture with nine varices on fourth whorl, seven on fifth whorls, six on sixth whorls and five on seventh and last whorl. Nodulose varices. No intervarices. No varical spine. Numerous, fine microlamellae covering entire surface forming scabrous microsculpture. Ovate aperture up to 36% of diameter and up to 70% of length of last whorl (including siphonal canal). Columellar lip adherent, smooth. Parietal lip adherent. Short anal sulcus. No shoulder channel. Outer lip with subobsolete internal denticles. Outer lip finely crenulated. Pseudoumbilicus wide. Siphonal canal open, up to 38% of apertural length, slightly dorsally recurved.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC4E424FC95FCA3FC46FC3E" blockId="34.[812,1456,885,1230]" box="[813,967,885,911]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC4E424FC95FCA3FC46FC3E" baselines="904,904" box="[813,967,885,911]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Comparisons" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">COMPARISONS</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC4E424FC95FC43FAC1FB7D" blockId="34.[812,1456,885,1230]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FC95FC43FBD3FC1C" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[813,1106,917,943]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Textiliomurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="chodmonensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FC95FC43FBD3FC1C" box="[813,1106,917,943]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Textiliomurex chodmonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC4E424FBE3FC43FB18FC1C" box="[1115,1177,917,943]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
can be compared to two other species from the middle Lutetian:
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FB79FC63FCEFFC5C" ID-CoL="9F88M" authority="(Lamarck, 1803)" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="textiliosus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FB79FC63FB52FC7D" box="[1217,1235,949,974]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FB58FC63FAC1FC7C" box="[1248,1344,949,975]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">textiliosus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC4E424FAF3FC63FCE6FC5C" author="LAMARCK J. - B." pageId="34" pageNumber="527" pagination="217 - 227" refId="ref45566" refString="LAMARCK J. - B. 1803. - Memoires sur les fossiles des environs de Paris (suite 1). Annales du Museum d'Histoire naturelle 2 (9): 217 - 227." type="journal article" year="1803">Lamarck, 1803</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FC13FC03FB63FC5C" ID-CoL="9FZC6" authority="(Deshayes, 1865)" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[939,1250,980,1007]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Textiliomurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bernayi">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FC13FC03FB99FC5D" box="[939,1048,980,1006]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">T. bernayi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC4E424FB9EFC02FB5BFC5C" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[1062,1242,980,1007]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" pagination="101 - 107" refId="ref44001" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1865. - Description des Animaux sans vertebres decouverts dans le bassin de Paris pour servir de supplement a la description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris, comprenant une revue generale de toutes les especes actuellement connues. Tome 3. Bailliere, Paris, Livraisons 45 - 46, p. 201 - 288; Atlas 2, pl. 86 - 93 [2 January]; Livraisons 47 - 48, p. 289 - 424, Atlas 2, pl. 94 - 100 [10 June]; Livraisons 49 - 50, p. 425 - 668; Atlas 2, pl. 101 - 107 [15 December]." type="journal article" year="1865">Deshayes, 1865</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FB49FC02FCF2FBBD" ID-CoL="9FYT3" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Textiliomurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="textiliosus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FB49FC02FCF2FBBD" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Textiliomurex textiliosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs in having a shorter spire, a more inflated last whorl, a wider aperture, and a longer siphonal canal bearing a narrower pseudoumbilicus.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FBDBFBE2FAC2FBFD" ID-CoL="9FZC6" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[1123,1347,1076,1102]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Textiliomurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bernayi">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FBDBFBE2FAC2FBFD" box="[1123,1347,1076,1102]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Textiliomurex bernayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has angular teleoconch whorls with a marked P1 shoulder, bears well developed internal denticles within the outer lip and cannot be confused with
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FC5AFB43FB06FB1D" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[994,1159,1172,1198]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Textiliomurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="chodmonensis" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FC5AFB43FB06FB1D" box="[994,1159,1172,1198]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">T. chodmonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC4E424FB34FB42FB45FB1D" box="[1164,1220,1172,1198]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(see
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FB4EFB42FAB4FB1D" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1270,1333,1172,1198]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
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, text. fig. 47 and pl. 94 about
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E-H; 27G, H)
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<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC7E427FD8EF91FFD29F953" box="[566,680,1737,1761]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[132,143,1770,1787]" captionTargetBox="[138,1450,251,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-254@32.[699,1263,826,1403]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 18. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Pterynotus (Pterymarchia) gaasensis n. sp. (A-D), P. (P.) pelouatensis n. sp. (E-H) and P. (P) sandbergeri (HÖrnes,1856) (I-L): A, B, holotype,MNHN.F.A32492 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos),Landes,Aquitaine Basin,France,early Oligocene (Rupelian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos);E, F, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), Gironde, Aquitaine Basin, Early Miocene (Burdigalian); G, H, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua); I, J, lectotype designated herein,NHMW1855/0045/0435,Gainfarn,Baden, Austria,Middle Miocene (Langhian); K, L, Landau coll., Bad VÖslau, Baden. Scale bars: A-H, 5 mm; I-L, 10 mm. Credits:A-H, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); I, J, M. Harzhauser (NHMW); K, L, B. Landau." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985802/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Figs 18E, F</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC7E427FD0AF91FFD63F952" box="[690,738,1737,1761]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[132,143,1606,1623]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1546]" captionTargetId="figure-366@46.[699,1260,794,1359]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 27. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885, Pterynotus Swainson, 1833 (Pterymarchia Houart, 1995), Textiliomurex Merle, 2011, Ponderia Houart, 1986 and Flexopteron Shuto, 1969: A-C, Timbellus submicropterus n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, France, Lutetian; B, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, France, Lutetian; C, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; D, T. cf. submicropterus n. sp., MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan-Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), France, Bartonian; E, F, Pterynotus (Pterymarchia) gaasensis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A32492 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos), France, Rupelian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos); G, H, P. (P.) pelouatensis n. sp.: G, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), France, Burdigalian; H, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua); I, J, Textiliomurex chodmonensis n. sp.: I, holotype, MNHN.F.A81144 (Pacaud coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy), France, Lutetian; J, paratype, MNHN.F.A81145 (Pons coll.), Chaumont-en- Vexin (Carrière Darcy); K, L, Ponderia remyi n. sp.: K, holotype, MNHN.F.A90548 (Remy coll.), Fresville, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A90555, Fresville (Remy coll.); M, N, Flexopteron constantinense n. sp.: M, paratype, MNHN.F.A77761 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin), France, Priabonian; N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77760 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin). Scale bars: A-D, I-L, 10 mm; E-H, N, 5 mm; M, 3 mm. Credits: A, B, D-F, N, P. Loubry (MNHN/ CNRS); C, E. Robert (UCBL)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985831/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">27G</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC7E427FF3CF930FE69F8AB" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Neuville" country="France" location="France" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FF3CF930FEA0F94D" bold="true" box="[132,289,1766,1790]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC7E427FF3CF930FF5BF94D" box="[132,218,1766,1790]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC7E427FF5AF930FEA0F94D" box="[226,289,1766,1790]" name="France" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• 1 spm; same as for the holotype;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC7E427FDE1F930FD2AF94E" box="[601,683,1766,1789]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.J17632 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFC7E427FF33F8D6FF5EF8AB" box="[139,223,1792,1816]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Neuville</collectorName>
coll.) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC7E427FE9DF8D6FE20F8A4" box="[293,417,1792,1816]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[132,143,1770,1787]" captionTargetBox="[138,1450,251,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-254@32.[699,1263,826,1403]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 18. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Pterynotus (Pterymarchia) gaasensis n. sp. (A-D), P. (P.) pelouatensis n. sp. (E-H) and P. (P) sandbergeri (HÖrnes,1856) (I-L): A, B, holotype,MNHN.F.A32492 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos),Landes,Aquitaine Basin,France,early Oligocene (Rupelian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos);E, F, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), Gironde, Aquitaine Basin, Early Miocene (Burdigalian); G, H, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua); I, J, lectotype designated herein,NHMW1855/0045/0435,Gainfarn,Baden, Austria,Middle Miocene (Langhian); K, L, Landau coll., Bad VÖslau, Baden. Scale bars: A-H, 5 mm; I-L, 10 mm. Credits:A-H, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); I, J, M. Harzhauser (NHMW); K, L, B. Landau." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985802/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Figs 18G, H</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC7E427FE14F8D6FE5DF8AB" box="[428,476,1792,1816]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[132,143,1606,1623]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1546]" captionTargetId="figure-366@46.[699,1260,794,1359]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 27. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885, Pterynotus Swainson, 1833 (Pterymarchia Houart, 1995), Textiliomurex Merle, 2011, Ponderia Houart, 1986 and Flexopteron Shuto, 1969: A-C, Timbellus submicropterus n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, France, Lutetian; B, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, France, Lutetian; C, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; D, T. cf. submicropterus n. sp., MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan-Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), France, Bartonian; E, F, Pterynotus (Pterymarchia) gaasensis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A32492 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos), France, Rupelian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos); G, H, P. (P.) pelouatensis n. sp.: G, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), France, Burdigalian; H, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua); I, J, Textiliomurex chodmonensis n. sp.: I, holotype, MNHN.F.A81144 (Pacaud coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy), France, Lutetian; J, paratype, MNHN.F.A81145 (Pons coll.), Chaumont-en- Vexin (Carrière Darcy); K, L, Ponderia remyi n. sp.: K, holotype, MNHN.F.A90548 (Remy coll.), Fresville, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A90555, Fresville (Remy coll.); M, N, Flexopteron constantinense n. sp.: M, paratype, MNHN.F.A77761 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin), France, Priabonian; N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77760 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin). Scale bars: A-D, I-L, 10 mm; E-H, N, 5 mm; M, 3 mm. Credits: A, B, D-F, N, P. Loubry (MNHN/ CNRS); C, E. Robert (UCBL)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985831/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">27H</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC7E427FF3CF8E3FC81F8FF" box="[132,768,1845,1869]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC7E427FF3CF8E3FC81F8FF" blockId="33.[132,768,1845,1869]" box="[132,768,1845,1869]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC7E427FF3CF8E3FF7FF8F8" baselines="1862,1863" box="[132,254,1845,1868]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Etymology" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">ETYMOLOGY</smallCapsWord>
. — From the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC7E427FE33F8E3FE34F8FE" box="[395,437,1845,1869]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">type</typeStatus>
locality, Peloua, Gironde,
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC7E427FD00F8E3FD7DF8FF" box="[696,764,1845,1868]" name="France" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">France</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC7E427FF3CF8BCFD81F858" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC7E427FF3CF8BCFE7BF82F" blockId="33.[132,775,1898,1948]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC7E427FF3CF8BCFF34F8CC" baselines="1915,1915" box="[132,181,1898,1921]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC7E427FF3CF8BCFF34F8CC" box="[132,181,1898,1921]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">TYPE</typeStatus>
</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC7E427FF05F8B9FE99F833" baselines="1916" box="[189,280,1903,1920]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="horizon" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">HORIZON</smallCapsWord>
. — Faluns de Saucats, Early Miocene (lower Burdigalian), see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC7E427FEB1F852FE74F82F" author="PARIZE O. &amp; MULDER T. &amp; CAHUZAC B. &amp; FIET N. &amp; LONDEIX L. &amp; RUBINO J. - L." box="[265,501,1924,1948]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" pagination="390 - 399" refId="ref48184" refString="PARIZE O., MULDER T., CAHUZAC B., FIET N. LONDEIX L. &amp; RUBINO J. - L. 2008. - Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of Aquitanian and Burdigalian stratotypes in the Bordeaux area (southwestern France). Comptes Rendus Geoscience 340 (6): 390 - 399. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. crte. 2008.03.004" type="journal article" year="2008">
Parize
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FEF1F853FEF9F82F" box="[329,376,1924,1948]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">et al.</emphasis>
(2008: 396)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC7E427FF3CF86FFD81F858" blockId="33.[132,774,1977,2027]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC7E427FF3CF86FFF39F87C" baselines="1994,1995" box="[132,184,1977,2000]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC7E427FF3CF86FFF39F87C" box="[132,184,1977,2000]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">TYPE</typeStatus>
</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC7E427FF78F868FE9EF87C" baselines="1995" box="[192,287,1982,1999]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="locality" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">LOCALITY</smallCapsWord>
. —
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC7E427FEE9F86FFE19F863" box="[337,408,1977,2000]" name="France" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">France</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFC7E427FE1CF86FFD89F862" box="[420,520,1977,2001]" country="France" name="Aquitaine" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Aquitaine</collectingRegion>
Basin, Gironde, Saucats (Peloua), seeParize
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FEFCF802FEF2F858" box="[324,371,2003,2027]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">et al.</emphasis>
(2008: fig. 1).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC7E427FC95FF19FAC0FF55" box="[813,1345,206,231]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC7E427FC95FF19FAC0FF55" blockId="33.[813,1345,206,231]" box="[813,1345,206,231]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC7E427FC95FF19FC3BFF56" baselines="224,225" box="[813,954,207,230]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Distribution" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
. — Only known from the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC7E427FB7CFF19FB6FFF54" box="[1220,1262,207,231]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC7E424FC95FECEFDECFE02" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="527" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC7E427FC95FECEFC3CFE83" blockId="33.[811,1458,280,1230]" box="[813,957,280,306]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC7E427FC95FECEFC3CFE83" baselines="299,299" box="[813,957,280,306]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Description" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">DESCRIPTION</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC7E427FC95FEE1FB10FB7D" blockId="33.[811,1458,280,1230]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">
Two smooth protoconch whorls preserved delimited by sinusigera scar (protoconch tip not preserved) (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC7E427FAC8FE81FC60FE22" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." pageId="33" pageNumber="526" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FAC8FE81FA30FEC2" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1392,1457,343,369]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FC95FEA1FCE2FE22" box="[813,867,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">et al.</emphasis>
2011: 122
</bibRefCitation>
, text-fig. 46E). Teleoconch up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFC7E427FAE5FEA1FA2EFE22" box="[1373,1455,375,401]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" unit="mm" value="21.0">21 mm</quantity>
in height, up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFC7E427FC66FE40FBC3FE02" box="[990,1090,406,433]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" unit="mm" value="12.5">12.5 mm</quantity>
in width, biconic in profile, composed of five whorls. Moderately high spire with subcarinate whorls. Last whorl up to 73% of total length. Apical angle 64°. Spiral sculpture with marked primary cords. First whorl: appearance of P1 and P2; second whorl: appearance of IP; third whorl: appearance of abis, adis and s2. Fourth whorl: no change or appearance of threads. Fifth whorl: IP, adis and abis, P1 to P6, s1 to s6; s3 and s4 more developed than other secondary cords; P6 slightly atrophied, on base of convex part of whorl; ADP, MP, ads and ms; ABP missing. Surface of shell with numerous threads appearing on fourth whorl. Axial sculpture with thick varices. On first whorl: 10-11 lamellose varices; on second whorl: 10-12 varices; on third whorl: 11-12 varices; on fourth whorl: 10-12 varices; on fifth whorl 8-10 varices. From second whorl to fifth whorl: thick varices. No evidence of intervarices on last whorl. From third to last whorl numerous, fine microlamellae forming scabrous microsculpture covering entire surface. Ovate aperture up to 31% of diameter and up to 72% of length of last whorl (including siphonal canal). Columellar lip adherent posteriorly, becoming progressively more erect anteriorly. One or two weak columellar tubercles. Parietal lip adherent. Outer lip with strong internal denticles: ID, D2 to D6 present, D1 missing; D4 split, D6 poorly developed. Pseudoumbilicus moderately large. Siphonal canal open, up to 43% of aperture length, slightly dorsally recurved.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC7E427FC95FB22FC46FABF" blockId="33.[811,1457,1268,2028]" box="[813,967,1268,1294]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC7E427FC95FB22FC46FABF" baselines="1287,1287" box="[813,967,1268,1294]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Comparisons" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">COMPARISONS</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC7E424FC95FAC5FDECFE02" blockId="33.[811,1457,1268,2028]" lastBlockId="34.[132,775,215,433]" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="527" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">
The European Neogene contains two species of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FAFCFAC2FC4BFAFE" authorityName="Houart" authorityYear="1995" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pterymarchia">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FAFCFAC2FA30FA9E" box="[1348,1457,1300,1325]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Pterynotus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FC8EFAE5FC41FAFE" box="[822,960,1331,1357]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Pterymarchia</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FC6CFAE2FB0AFAFE" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[980,1163,1331,1357]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pelouatensis" status="n. sp." subGenus="Pterymarchia">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FC6CFAE2FC66FAFE" box="[980,999,1332,1357]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FC4CFAE2FB87FAFE" box="[1012,1030,1332,1357]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FBABFAE5FB0AFAFE" box="[1043,1163,1331,1357]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">pelouatensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC7E427FB29FAE2FB4BFAFD" box="[1169,1226,1332,1358]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FB42FAE2FC56FADD" authority="(Hornes, 1856)" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Hornes" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sandbergeri" status="n. comb." subGenus="Pterymurex">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FB42FAE2FA90FAFE" box="[1274,1297,1332,1357]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FAA3FAE2FAAFFAFE" box="[1307,1326,1332,1357]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FA83FAE5FA31FAFE" box="[1339,1456,1331,1357]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">sandbergeri</emphasis>
(Hörnes, 1856)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC7E427FC67FA82FBC3FADE" box="[991,1090,1363,1390]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from the Langhian of Paratethys (
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC7E427FC8EFAA5FC08FA3E" box="[822,905,1395,1421]" name="Austria" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Austria</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC7E427FC2DFAA2FC76FA3D" box="[917,1015,1396,1422]" name="Hungary" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Hungary</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC7E427FBBDFAA5FBEAFA3E" box="[1029,1131,1395,1421]" name="Romania" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Romania</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC7E427FBC0FAA5FB44FA3E" box="[1144,1221,1395,1421]" name="Poland" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Poland</collectingCountry>
) and the Serravallian of
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC7E427FCF3FA45FC19FA1E" box="[843,920,1427,1453]" name="Turkey" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Turkey</collectingCountry>
. The type material of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FB30FA42FAC0FA1E" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Hornes" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1160,1345,1427,1453]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sandbergeri" subGenus="Pterymurex">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FB30FA42FB1EFA1E" box="[1160,1183,1428,1453]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FB12FA42FB3CFA1E" box="[1194,1213,1428,1453]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FB74FA45FAC0FA1E" box="[1228,1345,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">sandbergeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is housed in Naturhistorisches Museum of
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFC7E427FB29FA65FB4CFA7E" box="[1169,1229,1459,1485]" country="Austria" name="Wien" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Wien</collectingRegion>
and contains the figured
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC7E427FCDDFA05FC36FA5E" box="[869,951,1491,1517]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
of the species (Hörnes 1856: pl. 51, fig. 5a, b, NHMW 1855/0045/0435). Here, we designate this specimen as the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC7E427FC10F9C4FB8BF99F" box="[936,1034,1554,1580]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC7E427FBA1F9C4FB0BF99E" box="[1049,1162,1554,1581]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[132,143,1770,1787]" captionTargetBox="[138,1450,251,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-254@32.[699,1263,826,1403]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 18. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Pterynotus (Pterymarchia) gaasensis n. sp. (A-D), P. (P.) pelouatensis n. sp. (E-H) and P. (P) sandbergeri (HÖrnes,1856) (I-L): A, B, holotype,MNHN.F.A32492 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos),Landes,Aquitaine Basin,France,early Oligocene (Rupelian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos);E, F, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), Gironde, Aquitaine Basin, Early Miocene (Burdigalian); G, H, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua); I, J, lectotype designated herein,NHMW1855/0045/0435,Gainfarn,Baden, Austria,Middle Miocene (Langhian); K, L, Landau coll., Bad VÖslau, Baden. Scale bars: A-H, 5 mm; I-L, 10 mm. Credits:A-H, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); I, J, M. Harzhauser (NHMW); K, L, B. Landau." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985802/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Fig. 18I, J</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FB25F9C5FA2EF99F" box="[1181,1455,1554,1581]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sandbergeri" subGenus="Pterymurex">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FB25F9C5FA88F99F" box="[1181,1289,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Pterynotus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FAA1F9C5FAAAF99F" box="[1305,1323,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FA82F9C4FA2EF99F" box="[1338,1455,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">sandbergeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was often attributed to
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FB9BF9E4FA96F9FE" authority="Iredale, 1915" authorityName="Iredale" authorityYear="1915" box="[1059,1303,1586,1613]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murexsul" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FB9BF9E4FB02F9FF" box="[1059,1155,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Murexsul</emphasis>
Iredale, 1915
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC7E427FA9EF9E4FCE4F9DF" author="LANDAU B. M. &amp; HARZHAUSER M. &amp; ISLAMOGLU Y. &amp; MARQUES DA SILVA C." pageId="33" pageNumber="526" pagination="3 - 584" refId="ref45777" refString="LANDAU B. M., HARZHAUSER M., ISLAMOGLU Y. &amp; MARQUES DA SILVA C. 2013. - Systematics and palaeobiogeography of the gastropods of the middle Miocene (Serravallian) Karaman Basin, Turkey. Cainozoic Research 11 - 13: 3 - 584." type="book chapter" year="2013">
Landau
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FAC5F9E5FA31F9FF" box="[1405,1456,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC7E427FCC9F984FBB1F9DF" author="KOVACS Z. &amp; HIRMETZL T. &amp; VICIAN Z." box="[881,1072,1618,1644]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" pagination="110 - 133" refId="ref45529" refString="KOVACS Z., HIRMETZL T. &amp; VICIAN Z. 2018. - Miocene Muricidae (Neogastropoda) assemblage from Letkes (Hungary). Bolletino malacologico 54 (2): 110 - 133." type="journal article" year="2018">
Kovács
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FC79F985FC72F9DF" box="[961,1011,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
; Kovács 2019). Although they share several similarities (biconic shells, internal denticles, columellar denticles), members of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FB9FF944FB06F91F" authorityName="Iredale" authorityYear="1915" box="[1063,1159,1682,1708]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murexsul" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FB9FF944FB06F91F" box="[1063,1159,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Murexsul</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have a more rounded aperture, their internal denticles are close together, ID is weaker and their siphonal canal is narrower. The spires of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FAFFF905FC08F8BF" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pelouatensis" status="n. sp." subGenus="Pterymarchia">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FAFFF905FADAF95F" box="[1351,1371,1747,1772]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FAD0F905FAFAF95F" box="[1384,1403,1747,1772]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FA31F904FC08F8BF" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">pelouatensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC7E427FC36F924FC46F8BF" box="[910,967,1778,1804]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC7E427FB99F924FB02F8BF" box="[1057,1155,1778,1804]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FB1AF925FAD9F8BF" box="[1186,1368,1778,1804]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sandbergeri" subGenus="Pterymurex">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FB1AF925FB38F8BF" box="[1186,1209,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FB7BF925FB57F8BF" box="[1219,1238,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FB5BF924FAD9F8BF" box="[1251,1368,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">sandbergeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are very similar, but their last whorls are very different. The
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC7E427FAF4F8C4FA2FF89F" box="[1356,1454,1810,1836]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FCF2F8E4FB85F8F8" box="[842,1028,1841,1868]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sandbergeri" subGenus="Pterymurex">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FCF2F8E4FCE0F8F8" box="[842,865,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FCD5F8E4FC01F8F8" box="[877,896,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FC37F8E7FB85F8F8" box="[911,1028,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">sandbergeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a larger aperture, a surface covered by numerous threads and atrophy of P2, P5 and P6; P4 is more developed and D6 is missing. The differences between the primary cords are great, but in other specimens attributed from
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FCD1F864FBA0F878" box="[873,1057,1969,1995]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sandbergeri" subGenus="Pterymurex">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FCD1F864FC01F878" box="[873,896,1970,1995]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FC32F864FC1CF878" box="[906,925,1970,1995]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FC14F867FBA0F878" box="[940,1057,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">sandbergeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC7E427FB89F867FB30F878" box="[1073,1201,1969,1996]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[132,143,1770,1787]" captionTargetBox="[138,1450,251,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-254@32.[699,1263,826,1403]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 18. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Pterynotus (Pterymarchia) gaasensis n. sp. (A-D), P. (P.) pelouatensis n. sp. (E-H) and P. (P) sandbergeri (HÖrnes,1856) (I-L): A, B, holotype,MNHN.F.A32492 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos),Landes,Aquitaine Basin,France,early Oligocene (Rupelian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos);E, F, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), Gironde, Aquitaine Basin, Early Miocene (Burdigalian); G, H, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua); I, J, lectotype designated herein,NHMW1855/0045/0435,Gainfarn,Baden, Austria,Middle Miocene (Langhian); K, L, Landau coll., Bad VÖslau, Baden. Scale bars: A-H, 5 mm; I-L, 10 mm. Credits:A-H, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); I, J, M. Harzhauser (NHMW); K, L, B. Landau." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985802/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Fig. 18K, L</figureCitation>
), the atrophy of P2, P5 and P6 is less strong than in the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC7E427FB36F807FB71F858" box="[1166,1264,2001,2027]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
from
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC7E427FA8BF807FA01F858" box="[1331,1408,2001,2027]" name="Austria" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Austria</collectingCountry>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC4E424FF3CFF01FECDFF42" author="LANDAU B. M. &amp; HARZHAUSER M. &amp; ISLAMOGLU Y. &amp; MARQUES DA SILVA C." box="[132,332,215,241]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" pagination="3 - 584" refId="ref45777" refString="LANDAU B. M., HARZHAUSER M., ISLAMOGLU Y. &amp; MARQUES DA SILVA C. 2013. - Systematics and palaeobiogeography of the gastropods of the middle Miocene (Serravallian) Karaman Basin, Turkey. Cainozoic Research 11 - 13: 3 - 584." type="book chapter" year="2013">
Landau
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FF64FF0EFE8FFF42" box="[220,270,215,241]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC4E424FEE1FF01FD9BFF42" author="KOVACS Z. &amp; HIRMETZL T. &amp; VICIAN Z." box="[345,538,215,241]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" pagination="110 - 133" refId="ref45529" refString="KOVACS Z., HIRMETZL T. &amp; VICIAN Z. 2018. - Miocene Muricidae (Neogastropoda) assemblage from Letkes (Hungary). Bolletino malacologico 54 (2): 110 - 133." type="journal article" year="2018">
Kovács
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FE12FF0EFE5CFF42" box="[426,477,215,241]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
; Kovács 2019). Compared to extant
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FE8FFF2EFECEFEA2" box="[311,335,248,273]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">P.</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FEE1FF21FE64FEA2" authorityName="Houart" authorityYear="1995" box="[345,485,247,273]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterymarchia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FEE1FF21FE64FEA2" box="[345,485,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Pterymarchia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FE47FF2EFD40FEA2" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[511,705,247,273]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pelouatensis" status="n. sp." subGenus="Pterymarchia">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FE47FF2EFD97FEA2" box="[511,534,248,273]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FD9AFF2EFDB4FEA2" box="[546,565,248,273]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FDFEFF21FD40FEA2" box="[582,705,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">pelouatensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC4E424FD72FF2EFC86FEA1" box="[714,775,248,274]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FF0CFECEFEEDFE82" box="[180,364,279,305]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sandbergeri" subGenus="Pterymurex">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FF0CFECEFF4AFE82" box="[180,203,280,305]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FF6DFECEFF69FE82" box="[213,232,280,305]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FF4FFEC1FEEDFE82" box="[247,364,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">sandbergeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
share greatest morphological similarities with
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FF5DFEEEFDD6FEE2" authority="(Roding, 1798)" baseAuthorityName="Roding" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[229,599,311,337]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterymarchia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="martinetana" subGenus="Pterymurex">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FF5DFEEEFF7DFEE2" box="[229,252,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FEBFFEEEFE9BFEE2" box="[263,282,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FE90FEEEFE28FEE2" box="[296,425,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">martinetana</emphasis>
(Röding, 1798)
</taxonomicName>
and particularly with specimens from the Red Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC4E424FE43FE81FD32FEC2" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[507,691,343,369]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FE43FE81FDBBFEC2" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[507,570,343,369]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FDF9FE8EFDF4FEC2" box="[577,629,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 92, figs 11, 12), but
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FE82FEA1FE73FE22" box="[314,498,375,401]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sandbergeri" subGenus="Pterymurex">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FE82FEA1FED0FE23" box="[314,337,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FEE3FEA1FEEFFE23" box="[347,366,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FEC5FEA1FE73FE22" box="[381,498,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">sandbergeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs by having develop cord spines on P1, P2, P4, P5, ADP and MP.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

663
data/03/8E/87/038E87DAFFC9E434FC4BF983FE5FFD81.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,663 @@
<document id="393ED41300BE2008D866244C756C1FA7" ID-DOI="10.5252/geodiversitas2024v46a15" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13985760" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C32EAAFD-85D8-45CD-8DF7-B894E1537713" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.metadata_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1729758589633" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Merle, Didier, Pacaud, Jean-Michel, Ledon, Daniel &amp; Goret, Bernard" docDate="2024" docId="038E87DAFFC9E434FC4BF983FE5FFD81" docLanguage="en" docName="geodiversitas.2024.46.15.pdf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 46 (15)" docSource="https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/g2024v46a15.pdf" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00.4:Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Pronucellopsis pacaudi Merle, Pacaud, Ledon &amp; Goret, 2024, n. gen., n sp." docType="treatment" docUuid="A1CD0282-7026-43EB-9992-5C106808B8CA" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="543" masterDocId="FFB7FFA2FFE6E406FFB8FFD6FF81FFB3" masterDocTitle="New Cenozoic Muricidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Europe" masterLastPageNumber="551" masterPageNumber="495" pageNumber="540" updateTime="1729856536171" updateUser="valdenar" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
<mods:mods id="71751B54AF7F56EA0EF8B61D588E759E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="4B2477922281A97FAD96D45472C79F0E">
<mods:title id="A85DB39D0E28BAC9F45B9D7445F8B091">New Cenozoic Muricidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Europe</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="8F4424FB13F9DC41146854B9BBCA5B23" type="personal">
<mods:role id="FB2DCFA444D9DF0BEBE0F428877C32F5">
<mods:roleTerm id="2947884C40384A9749DB26115EC8DA2C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="61A0F3A55FF22D34BB54D5ADA40E1483">Ledon, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="F25359D9195AEFED5A87B9E6CF91F473">2024</mods:date>
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FC4BF983FB69F9DC" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1011,1256,1621,1647]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pronucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pacaudi" status="n. gen., n sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FC4BF983FB69F9DC" bold="true" box="[1011,1256,1621,1647]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Pronucellopsis pacaudi</emphasis>
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Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret,
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(
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;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC9E429FBCFF945FB40F91E" box="[1143,1217,1683,1710]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="48.[132,143,1301,1318]" captionTargetBox="[145,1443,235,1238]" captionTargetId="figure-535@48.[700,1258,235,783]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIG. 28. — New species of Flexopteron Shuto, 1969, Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) n. subgen., Nucellopsis Merle, 2005 and Pronucellopsis Merle, n. gen.: A, B, Flexopteron liancurtense n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.J02578 (Cossmann coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre, France, Ypresian; B, paratype: MNHN.F.A77758 (Merle coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre; C-E, Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) hirtus n. subgen., n. sp.: C, paratype (juvenile), MNHN.F.A77753, Molins del Rei, Spain, Zanclean; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A77752, Molins del Rei; E, holotype, MNHN.F.A77751 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei; F, G, Nucellopsis parisiensis n. sp.: F, holotype, MNHN.F.R64955 (Merle coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle), France, Bartonian; G, paratype, MNHN.F.A90963 (Faullummel coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle); H, I, Pronucellopsis pacaudi Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret, n. gen., n. sp.: H, holotype, MNHN.F.J02587 (Cossmann coll.), Châlons-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian; I, paratype, MNHN.F.A90829 (Pacaud coll.), Jonchery-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian. Scale bars: 5 mm. Scale bar: A, B, 3 mm; C, D, F-I, 5 mm; E, 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985833/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">28H, I</figureCitation>
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FC95F8C8FCECF886" box="[813,877,1822,1845]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Murex</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FCC7F8C8FC68F886" box="[895,1001,1822,1845]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Muricopsis</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FC42F8CBFBF9F886" box="[1018,1144,1821,1845]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">multistriatus</emphasis>
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–
<treatmentCitation id="0A8610DDFFC9E429FB21F8CBFAF8F886" author="COSSMANN M." box="[1177,1401,1821,1845]" page="129" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" year="1889">
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FC95F8BAFCE5F830" box="[813,868,1900,1923]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Jania</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FCCEF8BAFC65F830" box="[886,996,1900,1923]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Muricopsis</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FC4EF8BDFBF8F830" box="[1014,1145,1899,1923]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">multistriatus</emphasis>
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–
<treatmentCitation id="0A8610DDFFC9E429FB24F8BDFAF7F830" author="COSSMANN M." box="[1180,1398,1899,1923]" page="69" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" year="1892">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC9E429FB24F8BDFAF7F830" author="COSSMANN M." box="[1180,1398,1899,1923]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" refId="ref43526" refString="COSSMANN M. 1892. - Catalogue illustre des coquilles fossiles de l'Eocene des environs de Paris faisant suite aux travaux paleontologiques de G. - P. Deshayes. 5 eme fascicule et Supplement. Tables. Annales de la Societe Royale Malacologique de Belgique 26: 3 - 163. [Also published as Cossmann M. 1892 (July) - Catalogue illustre des coquilles fossiles de l'Eocene des environs de Paris faisant suite aux travaux paleontologiques de G. - P. Deshayes. 5 eme fascicule et Supplement, Tables. Societe royale malacologique de Belgique, Bruxelles, 167 p.]" type="book" year="1892">Cossmann 1892: 69</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FC95F86CFB9CF862" box="[813,1053,1977,2001]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Muricopsis multistriatus</emphasis>
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–
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC9E429FB85F86FFADAF862" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G." box="[1085,1371,1977,2001]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" pagination="26 - 45" refId="ref43883" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G. 1911. - Iconographie complete des coquilles fossiles de l'Eocene du Bassin de Paris. Tome 2. Hermann, Paris: pl. 26 - 45. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 36319938" type="book chapter" year="1911">Cossmann &amp; Pissarro 1911</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 36, fig. 169bis-5 [
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FC0EF802FC5BF858" box="[950,986,2004,2027]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">non</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC9E429FC58F805FBFFF858" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[992,1150,2003,2027]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" pagination="101 - 107" refId="ref44001" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1865. - Description des Animaux sans vertebres decouverts dans le bassin de Paris pour servir de supplement a la description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris, comprenant une revue generale de toutes les especes actuellement connues. Tome 3. Bailliere, Paris, Livraisons 45 - 46, p. 201 - 288; Atlas 2, pl. 86 - 93 [2 January]; Livraisons 47 - 48, p. 289 - 424, Atlas 2, pl. 94 - 100 [10 June]; Livraisons 49 - 50, p. 425 - 668; Atlas 2, pl. 101 - 107 [15 December]." type="journal article" year="1865">Deshayes, 1865</bibRefCitation>
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. 28. — New species of
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FD82FAC3FD20FA95" box="[570,673,1301,1318]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Crassimurex</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FD13FAC3FCAFFA95" box="[683,814,1301,1318]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Pliocrassimurex</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FC22FAC3FC7BFA95" box="[922,1018,1301,1318]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Nucellopsis</emphasis>
Merle, 2005
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and
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FB33FAC3FA84FA95" box="[1163,1285,1301,1318]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Pronucellopsis</emphasis>
Merle
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,
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:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FA3EFAC3FA12FA95" bold="true" box="[1414,1427,1301,1318]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FA25FAC3FA2BFA95" bold="true" box="[1437,1450,1301,1318]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">B</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FF3CFAFAFED0FA8E" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[132,337,1324,1341]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="liancurtense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FF3CFAFAFED0FA8E" box="[132,337,1324,1341]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Flexopteron liancurtense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD6E436FEEFFAFAFE08FA8E" box="[343,393,1324,1341]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FE28FAFAFE1CFA8E" bold="true" box="[400,413,1324,1341]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">A</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN.F.J02578 (Cossmann coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre, France, Ypresian;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FBC4FAFAFB08FA8E" bold="true" box="[1148,1161,1324,1341]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">B</emphasis>
, paratype: MNHN.F.A77758 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FA38FAFAFA2EFA8E" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1408,1455,1324,1341]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FEC1FA95FE1AFAE7" bold="true" box="[377,411,1347,1364]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">C -E</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FE1EFA95FD52FAE7" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[422,723,1347,1364]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Crassimurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hirtus" status="n. subgen., n. sp." subGenus="Pliocrassimurex">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FE1EFA95FD8CFAE7" box="[422,525,1347,1364]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Crassimurex</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FDAFFA95FD1BFAE7" box="[535,666,1347,1364]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Pliocrassimurex</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FD1DFA95FD52FAE7" box="[677,723,1347,1364]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">hirtus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD6E436FD61FA95FCEEFAE7" box="[729,879,1347,1364]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" rank="species">n. subgen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FCCEFA95FC05FAE7" bold="true" box="[886,900,1347,1364]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">C</emphasis>
, paratype (juvenile), MNHN.F.A77753, Molins del Rei, Spain, Zanclean;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FF03FA8FFF48FAD9" bold="true" box="[187,201,1369,1386]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">D</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.A77752, Molins del Rei;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FD84FA8FFDC9FAD9" bold="true" box="[572,584,1369,1386]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">E</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN.F.A77751 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FB90FA8FFBB2FAD9" bold="true" box="[1064,1075,1369,1386]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">F</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FB85FA8FFBCAFAD9" bold="true" box="[1085,1099,1369,1386]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">G</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FBEDFA8FFA90FAD9" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1109,1297,1369,1386]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Nucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="parisiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FBEDFA8FFA90FAD9" box="[1109,1297,1369,1386]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Nucellopsis parisiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD6E436FAADFA8FFAC6FAD9" box="[1301,1351,1369,1386]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FAF5FA8FFAD9FAD9" bold="true" box="[1357,1368,1369,1386]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">F</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN.F.R64955 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FEA4FAA6FECAFA32" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[284,331,1392,1409]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle), France, Bartonian;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FD4CFAA6FC83FA32" bold="true" box="[756,770,1392,1409]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">G</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.A90963 (Faullummel coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FADBFAA6FAF0FA32" bold="true" box="[1379,1393,1392,1409]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">H</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FAC3FAA6FA00FA32" bold="true" box="[1403,1409,1392,1409]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">I</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FA33FAA6FE68FA2B" authority="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityName="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pronucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pacaudi" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FA33FAA6FEABFA2B" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Pronucellopsis pacaudi</emphasis>
Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD6E436FE49FA51FDEBFA2B" box="[497,618,1415,1432]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FDCAFA51FD01FA2B" bold="true" box="[626,640,1415,1432]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">H</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN.F.J02587 (Cossmann coll.), Châlons-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FAF7FA51FAD4FA2B" bold="true" box="[1359,1365,1415,1432]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">I</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.A90829 (Pacaud coll.), Jonchery-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian. Scale bars: 5 mm. Scale bar: A, B, 3 mm; C, D, F-I, 5 mm; E, 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD6E436FF3CF9DCFC89F991" blockId="48.[132,776,1546,1570]" box="[132,776,1546,1570]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3711E2FFD6E436FF3CF9DCFC89F991" box="[132,776,1546,1570]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
“
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FF36F9DDFECBF991" ID-CoL="8ZFS8" authorityName="Deshayes" authorityYear="1865" box="[142,330,1546,1570]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="multistriatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FF36F9DDFF48F991" box="[142,201,1547,1570]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Murex</emphasis>
”
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FF60F9DCFECBF991" box="[216,330,1546,1570]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">multistriatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="0A8610DDFFD6E436FEE4F9DCFE7CF991" author="GLIBERT M." box="[348,509,1546,1570]" page="30" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" year="1963">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD6E436FEE4F9DCFE7CF991" author="GLIBERT M." box="[348,509,1546,1570]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" pagination="1 - 179" refId="ref44626" refString="GLIBERT M. 1963. - Les Muricacea et les Buccinacea du Cenozoique etranger des collections de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique. Memoires de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique serie 2, 74: 1 - 179." type="journal article" year="1963">Glibert 1963: 30</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, no. 8 [
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FDF8F9DDFDE2F991" box="[576,611,1547,1570]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">non</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD6E436FDDFF9DCFD7FF991" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[615,766,1546,1570]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" pagination="101 - 107" refId="ref44001" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1865. - Description des Animaux sans vertebres decouverts dans le bassin de Paris pour servir de supplement a la description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris, comprenant une revue generale de toutes les especes actuellement connues. Tome 3. Bailliere, Paris, Livraisons 45 - 46, p. 201 - 288; Atlas 2, pl. 86 - 93 [2 January]; Livraisons 47 - 48, p. 289 - 424, Atlas 2, pl. 94 - 100 [10 June]; Livraisons 49 - 50, p. 425 - 668; Atlas 2, pl. 101 - 107 [15 December]." type="journal article" year="1865">Deshayes, 1865</bibRefCitation>
].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD6E436FF3AF9EFFE3DF9DE" blockId="48.[130,774,1593,1645]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3711E2FFD6E436FF3AF9EFFE3DF9DE" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FF3AF9EFFEE9F9E2" ID-CoL="8YPH4" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[130,360,1593,1617]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Trophonopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="multistriata">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FF3AF9EFFEE9F9E2" box="[130,360,1593,1617]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Trophonopsis multistriata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="0A8610DDFFD6E436FEC5F9EFFD28F9E2" author="LE RENARD J. &amp; PACAUD J. - M." box="[381,681,1593,1617]" page="114" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD6E436FEC5F9EFFD28F9E2" author="LE RENARD J. &amp; PACAUD J. - M." box="[381,681,1593,1617]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" pagination="65 - 132" refId="ref45932" refString="LE RENARD J. &amp; PACAUD J. - M. 1995. - Revision des Mollusques paleogenes du Bassin de Paris. 2: Liste des references primaires des especes. Cossmanniana 3 (3): 65 - 132." type="journal article" year="1995">Le Renard &amp; Pacaud 1995: 114</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, Ref.GA-169bis-5 [
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FF51F980FE8CF9DE" box="[233,269,1622,1645]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">non</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD6E436FEABF983FE30F9DE" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[275,433,1621,1645]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" pagination="101 - 107" refId="ref44001" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1865. - Description des Animaux sans vertebres decouverts dans le bassin de Paris pour servir de supplement a la description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris, comprenant une revue generale de toutes les especes actuellement connues. Tome 3. Bailliere, Paris, Livraisons 45 - 46, p. 201 - 288; Atlas 2, pl. 86 - 93 [2 January]; Livraisons 47 - 48, p. 289 - 424, Atlas 2, pl. 94 - 100 [10 June]; Livraisons 49 - 50, p. 425 - 668; Atlas 2, pl. 101 - 107 [15 December]." type="journal article" year="1865">Deshayes, 1865</bibRefCitation>
].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFD6E436FF3CF952FE5BF858" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD6E436FF3CF952FEC9F8BF" blockId="48.[131,775,1668,2027]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFD6E436FF3CF952FF34F929" baselines="1685,1686" box="[132,181,1668,1691]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFD6E436FF01F95FFE95F929" baselines="1686" box="[185,276,1673,1690]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="material" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">MATERIAL</smallCapsWord>
. —
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFD6E436FE83F952FEC9F8BF" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="de Chalons-sur-Vesle &amp; Cossmann" country="France" county="Thanetian" location="Paris Basin" municipality="Paleocene" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FE83F952FE65F92F" bold="true" box="[315,484,1668,1692]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFD6E436FE83F952FE1AF92F" box="[315,411,1668,1692]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFD6E436FE1CF952FE65F92F" box="[420,484,1668,1692]" name="France" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
•
<location id="8EF86017FFD6E436FE4EF952FDDEF92F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC9E434FC4BF983FE5FFD81:8EF86017FFD6E436FE4EF952FDDEF92F" box="[502,607,1668,1692]" country="France" county="Thanetian" municipality="Paleocene" name="Paris Basin" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Paris Basin</location>
,
<location id="8EF86017FFD6E436FDDEF952FD29F928" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC9E434FC4BF983FE5FFD81:8EF86017FFD6E436FDDEF952FD29F928" box="[614,680,1668,1691]" country="France" county="Thanetian" municipality="Paleocene" name="Marne" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Marne</location>
,
<location id="8EF86017FFD6E436FD08F952FF61F90B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC9E434FC4BF983FE5FFD81:8EF86017FFD6E436FD08F952FF61F90B" country="France" county="Thanetian" municipality="Paleocene" name="Chalons-sur-Vesle" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Châlons-sur-Vesle</location>
;
<location id="8EF86017FFD6E436FF54F976FD87F90B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC9E434FC4BF983FE5FFD81:8EF86017FFD6E436FF54F976FD87F90B" box="[236,518,1696,1720]" country="France" county="Thanetian" municipality="Paleocene" name="Sables de Chalons-sur-Vesle" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
Sables
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFD6E436FE88F976FD87F90B" box="[304,518,1696,1720]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">de Châlons-sur-Vesle</collectorName>
</location>
, biozone NP9;
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCACB6FFD6E436FD1EF976FC86F90B" box="[678,775,1696,1720]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Paleocene</collectingMunicipality>
(
<collectingCounty id="62F94E40FFD6E436FF35F96AFF75F967" box="[141,244,1724,1748]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Thanetian</collectingCounty>
);
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFD6E436FEB9F96AFED4F960" box="[257,341,1724,1747]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.J02587 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFD6E436FE04F96AFDA5F967" box="[444,548,1724,1748]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Cossmann</collectorName>
coll.), figured specimen in
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD6E436FF27F90EFE37F943" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G." box="[159,438,1752,1776]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" pagination="26 - 45" refId="ref43883" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G. 1911. - Iconographie complete des coquilles fossiles de l'Eocene du Bassin de Paris. Tome 2. Hermann, Paris: pl. 26 - 45. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 36319938" type="book chapter" year="1911">Cossmann &amp; Pissarro (1911</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 36, fig. 169bis-5), H:
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFD6E436FD07F90EFC86F95C" box="[703,775,1752,1776]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" unit="mm" value="22.0">22 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFD6E436FF34F922FE81F8B8" box="[140,256,1780,1804]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="43.[132,143,1280,1297]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1218]" captionTargetId="figure-416@43.[700,1256,234,771]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIG. 24. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Pronucellopsis pacaudi Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret, n. gen, n. sp.: A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.J02587 (Cossmann coll.), Châlons-sur-Vesle, Marne, Paris Basin,France, late Paleocene (Thanetian), France; C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90829 (Pacaud coll.), Joncherysur-Vesle, Marne, late Paleocene (Thanetian); E, F, specimen UPMC (Munier-Chlamas coll.), from a drawing of Merle (1999: pl. 66, b-d), Châlons-sur-Vesle; G, H, specimen MNHN-IM (Staadt coll.),from a drawing of Merle (1999: pl. 66,c-e), Châlons-sur-Vesle.Scale bars:5 mm. Credits:A-D,P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985821" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985821/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Figs 24A, B</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFD6E436FEB3F922FEBDF8BF" box="[267,316,1780,1804]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="48.[132,143,1301,1318]" captionTargetBox="[145,1443,235,1238]" captionTargetId="figure-535@48.[700,1258,235,783]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIG. 28. — New species of Flexopteron Shuto, 1969, Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) n. subgen., Nucellopsis Merle, 2005 and Pronucellopsis Merle, n. gen.: A, B, Flexopteron liancurtense n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.J02578 (Cossmann coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre, France, Ypresian; B, paratype: MNHN.F.A77758 (Merle coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre; C-E, Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) hirtus n. subgen., n. sp.: C, paratype (juvenile), MNHN.F.A77753, Molins del Rei, Spain, Zanclean; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A77752, Molins del Rei; E, holotype, MNHN.F.A77751 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei; F, G, Nucellopsis parisiensis n. sp.: F, holotype, MNHN.F.R64955 (Merle coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle), France, Bartonian; G, paratype, MNHN.F.A90963 (Faullummel coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle); H, I, Pronucellopsis pacaudi Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret, n. gen., n. sp.: H, holotype, MNHN.F.J02587 (Cossmann coll.), Châlons-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian; I, paratype, MNHN.F.A90829 (Pacaud coll.), Jonchery-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian. Scale bars: 5 mm. Scale bar: A, B, 3 mm; C, D, F-I, 5 mm; E, 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985833/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">28H</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD6E436FF3CF8C6FE5BF858" blockId="48.[131,775,1668,2027]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFD6E436FF3CF8C6FE3EF8F0" country="France" location="France" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FF3CF8C6FED5F89B" bold="true" box="[132,340,1808,1832]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFD6E436FF3CF8C6FF77F89B" box="[132,246,1808,1832]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFD6E436FEB1F8C6FED5F89B" box="[265,340,1808,1832]" name="France" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• 3 spm; same as for the holotype;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFD6E436FF3CF8FAFF56F8F0" box="[132,215,1836,1859]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90831 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFD6E436FEFDF8FDFE0AF8F0" box="[325,395,1835,1859]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Pacaud</collectorName>
coll.)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFD6E436FE6AF8FAFEF4F8EC" country="France" location="France" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
2 spm; idem;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFD6E436FDE8F8FAFD22F8F0" box="[592,675,1836,1859]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90832 (
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFD6E436FF34F89EFF63F8D3" box="[140,226,1864,1888]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">MNHN</collectionCode>
coll.) • 7 spm;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFD6E436FEC3F891FC82F8EC" box="[379,771,1863,1887]" collectorName="Jonchery-sur-Vesle" country="France" location="Paris Basin" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="8EF86017FFD6E436FEC3F891FE6AF8EC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC9E434FC4BF983FE5FFD81:8EF86017FFD6E436FEC3F891FE6AF8EC" box="[379,491,1863,1887]" country="France" name="Paris Basin" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Paris Basin</location>
, Marne,
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFD6E436FDFCF891FC82F8EC" box="[580,771,1863,1887]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Jonchery-sur-Vesle</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFD6E436FF3CF8B5FD2EF8C8" box="[132,687,1891,1916]" country="France" location="Paleocene" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="8EF86017FFD6E436FF3CF8B5FF67F8C8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC9E434FC4BF983FE5FFD81:8EF86017FFD6E436FF3CF8B5FF67F8C8" box="[132,230,1891,1915]" country="France" name="Paleocene" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Paleocene</location>
(Thanetian);
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFD6E436FED4F8B2FE43F8C8" box="[364,450,1892,1915]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90833 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFD6E436FD8FF8B5FDF6F8C8" box="[567,631,1891,1915]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Staadt</collectorName>
coll.)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFD6E436FD7CF8B2FD61F82B" country="France" location="Paleocene" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
1 spm; idem;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFD6E436FF7EF856FE9CF824" box="[198,285,1920,1943]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90829 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFD6E436FE2AF8A9FE5AF824" box="[402,475,1919,1943]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Pacaud</collectorName>
coll.) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFD6E436FD9FF8A9FD29F824" box="[551,680,1919,1944]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="43.[132,143,1280,1297]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1218]" captionTargetId="figure-416@43.[700,1256,234,771]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIG. 24. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Pronucellopsis pacaudi Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret, n. gen, n. sp.: A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.J02587 (Cossmann coll.), Châlons-sur-Vesle, Marne, Paris Basin,France, late Paleocene (Thanetian), France; C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90829 (Pacaud coll.), Joncherysur-Vesle, Marne, late Paleocene (Thanetian); E, F, specimen UPMC (Munier-Chlamas coll.), from a drawing of Merle (1999: pl. 66, b-d), Châlons-sur-Vesle; G, H, specimen MNHN-IM (Staadt coll.),from a drawing of Merle (1999: pl. 66,c-e), Châlons-sur-Vesle.Scale bars:5 mm. Credits:A-D,P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985821" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985821/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Figs 24C, D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFD6E436FD0EF856FD59F82B" box="[694,728,1920,1944]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="48.[132,143,1301,1318]" captionTargetBox="[145,1443,235,1238]" captionTargetId="figure-535@48.[700,1258,235,783]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIG. 28. — New species of Flexopteron Shuto, 1969, Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) n. subgen., Nucellopsis Merle, 2005 and Pronucellopsis Merle, n. gen.: A, B, Flexopteron liancurtense n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.J02578 (Cossmann coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre, France, Ypresian; B, paratype: MNHN.F.A77758 (Merle coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre; C-E, Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) hirtus n. subgen., n. sp.: C, paratype (juvenile), MNHN.F.A77753, Molins del Rei, Spain, Zanclean; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A77752, Molins del Rei; E, holotype, MNHN.F.A77751 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei; F, G, Nucellopsis parisiensis n. sp.: F, holotype, MNHN.F.R64955 (Merle coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle), France, Bartonian; G, paratype, MNHN.F.A90963 (Faullummel coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle); H, I, Pronucellopsis pacaudi Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret, n. gen., n. sp.: H, holotype, MNHN.F.J02587 (Cossmann coll.), Châlons-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian; I, paratype, MNHN.F.A90829 (Pacaud coll.), Jonchery-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian. Scale bars: 5 mm. Scale bar: A, B, 3 mm; C, D, F-I, 5 mm; E, 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985833/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">28I</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFD6E436FD42F856FDCBF800" country="France" location="Paleocene" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
8 spm; idem;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFD6E436FF44F84AFED2F800" box="[252,339,1948,1971]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90830 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFD6E436FE7FF84DFD91F800" box="[455,528,1947,1971]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Pacaud</collectorName>
coll.)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFD6E436FDDBF84DFE5BF858" collectorName="Paleocene &amp; Thanetian" country="France" county="Abbecourt" location="Paris Basin" municipality="Oise" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
6 spm;
<location id="8EF86017FFD6E436FD16F84DFF22F87C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC9E434FC4BF983FE5FFD81:8EF86017FFD6E436FD16F84DFF22F87C" country="France" county="Abbecourt" municipality="Oise" name="Paris Basin" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Paris Basin</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCACB6FFD6E436FF17F861FF61F87C" box="[175,224,1975,1999]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Oise</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="62F94E40FFD6E436FF52F861FED5F87C" box="[234,340,1975,1999]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Abbecourt</collectingCounty>
(Bois-des-Godins),
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFD6E436FD99F861FD02F87C" box="[545,643,1975,1999]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Paleocene</collectorName>
(
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFD6E436FD29F861FD7DF87C" box="[657,764,1975,1999]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Thanetian</collectorName>
);
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFD6E436FF3DF802FF5DF858" box="[133,220,2004,2027]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90834 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFD6E436FEE8F805FE18F858" box="[336,409,2003,2027]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Pacaud</collectorName>
coll.).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFD6E436FC95F9DDFA31F93E" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD6E436FC95F9DDFA31F93E" blockId="48.[811,1456,1547,1677]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFD6E436FC95F9DDFC27F992" baselines="1565,1565" box="[813,934,1547,1571]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Additional" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">ADDITIONAL</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFD6E436FC12F9C6FB87F992" baselines="1565" box="[938,1030,1552,1569]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="material" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">MATERIAL</smallCapsWord>
. —
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFD6E436FB96F9DDFA9AF9EB" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
1 spm; Paris Basin, Marne, Jonchery-sur-Vesle; Paleocene (Thanetian); UPMC (Munier-Chlamas coll.), figured specimen of
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD6E436FC1EF996FB9FF9EB" author="MERLE D." box="[934,1054,1600,1624]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" refId="ref46629" refString="MERLE D. 1999. - La radiation des Muricidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) au Paleogene: approche phylogenetique et evolutive. Unpublished PhD thesis, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 499 p." type="book" year="1999">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FC1EF996FC5EF9EB" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[934,991,1600,1624]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
(1999
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 66, b-d) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFD6E436FB1FF996FA95F9EB" box="[1191,1300,1600,1624]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="43.[132,143,1280,1297]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1218]" captionTargetId="figure-416@43.[700,1256,234,771]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIG. 24. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Pronucellopsis pacaudi Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret, n. gen, n. sp.: A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.J02587 (Cossmann coll.), Châlons-sur-Vesle, Marne, Paris Basin,France, late Paleocene (Thanetian), France; C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90829 (Pacaud coll.), Joncherysur-Vesle, Marne, late Paleocene (Thanetian); E, F, specimen UPMC (Munier-Chlamas coll.), from a drawing of Merle (1999: pl. 66, b-d), Châlons-sur-Vesle; G, H, specimen MNHN-IM (Staadt coll.),from a drawing of Merle (1999: pl. 66,c-e), Châlons-sur-Vesle.Scale bars:5 mm. Credits:A-D,P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985821" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985821/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Fig. 24E, F</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFD6E436FA89F996FC5DF93E" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
1 spm; idem; MNHN-IM (Staadt coll.), figured specimen of
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD6E436FB56F98CFAE4F9C0" author="MERLE D." box="[1262,1381,1626,1651]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" refId="ref46629" refString="MERLE D. 1999. - La radiation des Muricidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) au Paleogene: approche phylogenetique et evolutive. Unpublished PhD thesis, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 499 p." type="book" year="1999">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FB56F98CFAA6F9C1" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1262,1319,1626,1650]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
(1999
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 66, c-e) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFD6E436FCE6F9A3FC55F93E" box="[862,980,1653,1677]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="43.[132,143,1280,1297]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1218]" captionTargetId="figure-416@43.[700,1256,234,771]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIG. 24. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Pronucellopsis pacaudi Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret, n. gen, n. sp.: A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.J02587 (Cossmann coll.), Châlons-sur-Vesle, Marne, Paris Basin,France, late Paleocene (Thanetian), France; C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90829 (Pacaud coll.), Joncherysur-Vesle, Marne, late Paleocene (Thanetian); E, F, specimen UPMC (Munier-Chlamas coll.), from a drawing of Merle (1999: pl. 66, b-d), Châlons-sur-Vesle; G, H, specimen MNHN-IM (Staadt coll.),from a drawing of Merle (1999: pl. 66,c-e), Châlons-sur-Vesle.Scale bars:5 mm. Credits:A-D,P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985821" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985821/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Fig. 24G, H</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFD6E436FC48F9A3FA31F93E" box="[1008,1456,1653,1677]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">5 spm; idem; MNHN.F.A91007 (Staadt coll.).</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFD6E436FC95F973FBD8F8BE" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD6E436FC95F973FBD8F8BE" blockId="48.[812,1455,1701,1805]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFD6E436FC95F973FC27F908" baselines="1718,1719" box="[813,934,1701,1724]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Etymology" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">ETYMOLOGY</smallCapsWord>
. — Dedicated to Jean-Michel Pacaud (MNHN) who has for a long time observed that
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FB3EF916FCE0F941" authority="Deshayes, 1865" authorityName="Deshayes" authorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="multistriatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FB3EF916FAC7F964" box="[1158,1350,1727,1751]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Murex multistriatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD6E436FAF5F969FCE0F941" author="DESHAYES G. - P." pageId="48" pageNumber="541" pagination="101 - 107" refId="ref44001" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1865. - Description des Animaux sans vertebres decouverts dans le bassin de Paris pour servir de supplement a la description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris, comprenant une revue generale de toutes les especes actuellement connues. Tome 3. Bailliere, Paris, Livraisons 45 - 46, p. 201 - 288; Atlas 2, pl. 86 - 93 [2 January]; Livraisons 47 - 48, p. 289 - 424, Atlas 2, pl. 94 - 100 [10 June]; Livraisons 49 - 50, p. 425 - 668; Atlas 2, pl. 101 - 107 [15 December]." type="journal article" year="1865">Deshayes, 1865</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FBFFF90DFA2EF941" authority="Melleville, 1843" authorityName="Melleville" authorityYear="1843" box="[1095,1455,1754,1778]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Fusus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="angusticostatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FBFFF90DFA8BF941" box="[1095,1290,1755,1778]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Fusus angusticostatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD6E436FAA9F90CFA2EF941" author="MELLEVILLE" box="[1297,1455,1754,1778]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" pagination="1 - 2" refId="ref46417" refString="MELLEVILLE 1843. - Memoire sur les sables tertiaires inferieurs du bassin de Paris, avec la description de 78 especes de coquilles fossiles inedites de ce terrain. Annales des Sciences Geologiques 2 (1 - 2): 1 - 29, 77 - 120." type="journal article" year="1843">Melleville, 1843</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(now
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FCDDF922FBCBF8BF" box="[869,1098,1780,1804]" class="Gastropoda" genus="Lyrofusus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="angusticostatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FCDDF922FBCBF8BF" box="[869,1098,1780,1804]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Lyrofusus angusticostatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFD6E436FC95F8F3FC78F812" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD6E436FC95F8F3FAA2F8E4" blockId="48.[812,1455,1828,1879]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFD6E436FC95F8F3FCDCF889" baselines="1846,1846" box="[813,861,1829,1852]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFD6E436FCDCF8FCFC3EF888" baselines="1847" box="[868,959,1834,1851]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="horizon" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">HORIZON</smallCapsWord>
. — Sables de Châlons-sur-Vesle, biozone NP9, see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD6E436FC94F8E9FC71F8E4" author="HUYGHE D. &amp; LARTAUD F. &amp; EMMANUEL L. &amp; MERLE D. &amp; RENARD M." box="[812,1008,1855,1879]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" pagination="576 - 587" refId="ref45097" refString="HUYGHE D., LARTAUD F., EMMANUEL L., MERLE D. &amp; RENARD M. 2015. - Palaeogene climate evolution in the Paris Basin from oxygen stable isotope (δ 18 O) compositions of marine molluscs. Journal of the Geological Society 172: 576 - 587. https: // doi. org / 10.1144 / jgs 2015 - 016" type="journal article" year="2015">
Huyghe
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FC39F8E9FC31F8E4" box="[897,944,1855,1879]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">et al.</emphasis>
(2015
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 2), Paleocene (Thanetian).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD6E436FC95F8B9FC78F812" blockId="48.[811,1456,1902,1953]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFD6E436FC95F8B9FCDCF837" baselines="1920,1920" box="[813,861,1903,1926]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFD6E436FCDAF8A2FC3CF836" baselines="1921" box="[866,957,1908,1925]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="locality" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">LOCALITY</smallCapsWord>
. —
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFD6E436FC5EF8B9FBABF835" box="[998,1066,1903,1926]" name="France" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">France</collectingCountry>
, Paris Basin, Marne, Châlons-sur-Vesles, see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD6E436FCF7F85FFC74F812" author="FRITEL P. H." box="[847,1013,1929,1953]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" refId="ref44321" refString="FRITEL P. H. 1910. - Guide geologique et paleontologique de la region parisienne dans un rayon de 100 kilometres. Deyrolle, Paris, 356 p." type="book" year="1910">Fritel (1910: 77)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFD6E436FC95F86FFAB1F858" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD6E436FC95F86FFAB1F858" blockId="48.[813,1455,1977,2027]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFD6E436FC95F86FFC3FF87C" baselines="1994,1995" box="[813,958,1977,2000]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Distribution" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
. — Paris Basin (
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFD6E436FBD5F86FFB34F862" box="[1133,1205,1977,2001]" name="France" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">France</collectingCountry>
), Paleocene (Thanetian), Sables de Bracheux and Sables de Châlons-sur-Vesle.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF586644FFD7E437FF3CFC92FAE9FC30" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985837" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13985837" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985837/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" startId="49.[132,143,836,853]" targetBox="[302,1286,214,792]" targetPageId="49" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD7E437FF3CFC92FAE9FC30" blockId="49.[132,1455,836,899]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">
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. 29. — Histogram showing the evolution of the species richness during the Paleogene in Western and Eastern Atlantic, Tethys and Austral Pacific (original histogram of
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FE9FFC8DFED0FCDF" box="[295,337,859,876]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">et al.</emphasis>
(2011: 38
</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 11B) updated from this paper,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FD76FC8DFCBFFCDF" author="PACAUD J. - M." box="[718,830,859,876]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" pagination="107 - 116" refId="ref48075" refString="PACAUD J. - M. 2018. - Timbellus danapris n. sp., une espece nouvelle de Muricidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) du Priabonien (Eocene superieur) de Dnipro (Oblast de Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine). Novapex 19 (4): 107 - 116." type="journal article" year="2018">Pacaud 2018</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FCF0FC8DFC64FCDF" author="PACAUD J. - M. &amp; LEDON D. &amp; GORET B." box="[840,997,859,876]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" pagination="58 - 61" refId="ref48127" refString="PACAUD J. - M., LEDON D. &amp; GORET B. 2017. - Timbellus capitaneus n. sp., une espece nouvelle de Muricidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) du Lutetien (Eocene moyen) du bassin de Paris. Fossiles. Revue francaise de paleontologie 32: 58 - 61." type="journal article" year="2017">
Pacaud
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FC35FC8DFC36FCDF" box="[909,951,859,876]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FC57FC8DFB25FCDF" author="MERLE D. &amp; PACAUD J. - M." box="[1007,1188,859,876]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" pagination="11 - 22" refId="ref47064" refString="MERLE D. &amp; PACAUD J. - M. 2019. - Five new muricid species (Mollusca, Gastropoda) from the Eocene of France, Senegal and Pakistan. Xenophora Taxonomy 25: 11 - 22." type="journal article" year="2019">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FC57FC8DFB9FFCDF" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1007,1054,859,876]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
&amp; Pacaud 2019
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FB16FC8DFAE4FCDF" author="KOVACS Z. &amp; VICIAN Z." box="[1198,1381,859,876]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" pagination="31 - 51" refId="ref45485" refString="KOVACS Z. &amp; VICIAN Z. 2019. - Muricidae (Neogastropoda) from the Middle Eocene of theHungarian Paleogene Basin. Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica 36: 31 - 51. https: // doi. org / 10.17111 / FragmPalHung. 2019.36.31" type="journal article" year="2019">Kovács &amp; Vicián 2019</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FAD7FC8DFF73FC30" author="MERLE D. &amp; LANDAU B. M." pageId="49" pageNumber="542" pagination="1 - 7" refId="ref46997" refString="MERLE D. &amp; LANDAU B. M. 2020. - Review of the paleobiogeography of Eofavartia Merle, 2002 (Gastropoda: Muricidae) with the description of a new species from the Miocene of Java (Indonesia). Annales de Paleontologie 106 (4): 1 - 7 https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. annpal. 2020.102444" type="journal article" year="2020">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FAD7FC8DFA1FFCDF" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1391,1438,859,876]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
&amp; Landau 2020
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FF44FCA4FE0CFC30" author="LEDON D. &amp; GORET B. &amp; PACAUD J. - M. &amp; MERLE D." box="[252,397,882,899]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" pagination="151 - 158" refId="ref45872" refString="LEDON D., GORET B., PACAUD J. - M. &amp; MERLE D. 2023. - Description de trois especes nouvelles de Timbellus de Gregorio, 1885 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Muricidae) de l'Eocene moyen du bassin de Paris et du Cotentin. Novapex 24 (3): 151 - 158." type="journal article" year="2023">
Ledon
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FE8DFCA4FEDEFC30" box="[309,351,882,899]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">et al.</emphasis>
2023
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FE2FFCA4FD88FC30" author="LOZOUET P." box="[407,521,882,899]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" pagination="3 - 162" refId="ref46112" refString="LOZOUET P. 2023. - Muricidae (Gastropoda, Neogastropoda) de l'Oligocene superieur (Chattien) du bassin de l'Adour (Sud-Ouest de la France). Cossmanniana 24: 3 - 162." type="journal article" year="2023">Lozouet 2023</bibRefCitation>
). It illustrates the Switch phase with the increase of the proportion of the Tethysian and Pacific species.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFD7E434FF3CFC23FE5FFD81" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="543" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD7E437FF3CFC23FE94FBBE" blockId="49.[131,777,1013,1677]" box="[132,277,1013,1039]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD7E437FF3CFBC2FD82F93E" blockId="49.[131,777,1013,1677]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">
Unknown protoconch. Teleoconch, up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFD7E437FDF2FBC2FD19FB9C" box="[586,664,1044,1071]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" unit="mm" value="22.0">22 mm</quantity>
in height, up to
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in width, subfusiform in profile, composed of seven whorls. High spire with rounded whorls. Last whorl up to 67% of total length. Apical angle 45°. Spiral sculpture with weak primary cords. First and second whorls: no spiral scultpure; third and fourth whorls, P1 weak. Fifth whorl: appearance of P2. Sixth whorl: appearance of s1. Last whorl and seventh whorl: P1 to P6, s1, s2, s3 and s4 (convex part of whorls), ADP, MP (siphonal canal). Axial sculpture on first to second whorl: not observed; third whorl: nine varices; fourth whorl: 14 varices; fifth whorl: 14-16 varices; sixth whorl: 11-19 varices; seventh whorl: 12-23. Varices finely lamellose. No spine on P1. Wide, ovate aperture up to 45% of diameter and up to 84% of length of last whorl (including siphonal canal). Posterior sinus deep, no shoulder sinus. Columella slightly angular. Columellar lip smooth, narrow and adherent. Outer lip with occasional denticles. D1 to D6 small, poorly developed, ID missing. Siphonal canal, short, open, up to 23% of aperture length, slightly dorsally recurved. Pseudoumbilicus narrow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD7E437FF3CF964FC86F858" blockId="49.[130,775,1714,2028]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FF3CF904FEB4F95E" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[132,309,1746,1773]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" pagination="101 - 107" refId="ref44001" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1865. - Description des Animaux sans vertebres decouverts dans le bassin de Paris pour servir de supplement a la description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris, comprenant une revue generale de toutes les especes actuellement connues. Tome 3. Bailliere, Paris, Livraisons 45 - 46, p. 201 - 288; Atlas 2, pl. 86 - 93 [2 January]; Livraisons 47 - 48, p. 289 - 424, Atlas 2, pl. 94 - 100 [10 June]; Livraisons 49 - 50, p. 425 - 668; Atlas 2, pl. 101 - 107 [15 December]." type="journal article" year="1865">Deshayes (1865)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FE18F905FDEBF95F" authorityName="Deshayes" authorityYear="1865" box="[416,618,1746,1772]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="multistriatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FE18F905FDEBF95F" box="[416,618,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">Murex multistriatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and illustrated a specimen bearing a buccinid shape (pl. 88, fig. 810). In fact, this species is a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FD95F8C4FEB9F8FF" authority="Melleville, 1843" authorityName="Melleville" authorityYear="1843" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Fusus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="angusticostatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FD95F8C4FC87F898" box="[557,774,1810,1835]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">Fusus angusticostatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FF3CF8E7FEB9F8FF" author="MELLEVILLE" box="[132,312,1841,1868]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" pagination="1 - 2" refId="ref46417" refString="MELLEVILLE 1843. - Memoire sur les sables tertiaires inferieurs du bassin de Paris, avec la description de 78 especes de coquilles fossiles inedites de ce terrain. Annales des Sciences Geologiques 2 (1 - 2): 1 - 29, 77 - 120." type="journal article" year="1843">Melleville, 1843</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(now
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FE3CF8E4FD07F8F8" box="[388,646,1842,1868]" class="Gastropoda" genus="Lyrofusus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="angusticostatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FE3CF8E4FD07F8F8" box="[388,646,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">Lyrofusus angusticostatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). However,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FF3EF884FEC3F8DF" author="COSSMANN M." box="[134,322,1874,1900]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" refId="ref43425" refString="COSSMANN M. 1889. - Catalogue illustre des coquilles fossiles de l'Eocene des environs de Paris faisant suite aux travaux paleontologiques de G. - P. Deshayes. 4 eme fascicule. Annales de la Societe royale Malacologique de Belgique 24: 1 - 385. [Also published as Cossmann M. 1889 (December). - Catalogue illustre des coquilles fossiles de l'Eocene des environs de Paris faisant suite aux travaux paleontologiques de G. - P. Deshayes. 4 eme fascicule, Societe royale malacologique de Belgique, Bruxelles, 385 p.]" type="book" year="1889">Cossmann (1889)</bibRefCitation>
andCossmann &amp; Pissarro (1911) confused this buccinoid species with a Thanetian
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FDFAF8A7FD34F838" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1815" box="[578,693,1905,1931]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Muricidae</taxonomicName>
, which they mistakenly called
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FE33F844FDE1F818" authorityName="Deshayes" authorityYear="1865" box="[395,608,1937,1963]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="multistriatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FE33F844FDE1F818" box="[395,608,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">Murex multistriatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We described this species as
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FEA3F867FC82F878" authority="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityName="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[283,771,1969,1995]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pronucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pacaudi" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FEA3F867FD85F878" box="[283,516,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">Pronucellopsis pacaudi</emphasis>
Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD7E437FF3BF804FE95F85F" box="[131,276,2002,2028]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
It can be compared to
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FDB3F807FC86F858" authorityYear="2005" box="[523,775,2001,2027]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FDB3F807FD38F858" box="[523,697,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">Nucellopsis ponsi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FD78F807FC86F858" author="MERLE D." box="[704,775,2001,2027]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" pagination="177 - 189" refId="ref46903" refString="MERLE D. 2005 c. - Nucellopsis (Gastropoda, Muricidae), a new genus from the paralic domain of the European Palaeogene. Comptes Rendus Palevol 4 (1 - 2): 177 - 189. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. crpv. 2004.11.005" type="journal article" year="2005">Merle,</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD7E437FC94FC22FB91FA7E" blockId="49.[811,1457,1012,1485]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">
2005c or
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FC2DFC23FB52FBBC" authority="(Deshayes, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[917,1235,1012,1039]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="plicatilis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FC2DFC23FB8EFBBD" box="[917,1039,1012,1038]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">N. plicatilis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FBA6FC22FB4AFBBC" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[1054,1227,1012,1039]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" pagination="79 - 106" refId="ref43930" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1835. - Description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris. Tome 2. Livraisons 40 - 45, l'auteur, Bechet Jeune, Baudouin freres, Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris: 499 - 780; Atlas 2, Levrault, Paris: pl. 79 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 52303" type="book chapter" year="1835">Deshayes, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from the late Paleocene-early Eocene of the Paris Basin. Juveniles of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FAFCFBC3FBA0FBFD" authority="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityName="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pronucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pacaudi" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FAFCFBC3FA2EFB9D" box="[1348,1455,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">P. pacaudi</emphasis>
Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD7E437FB92FBE3FB39FBFC" box="[1066,1208,1077,1103]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
share with these
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FAD1FBE2FCE3FBDD" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2005" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Nucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FAD1FBE2FCE3FBDD" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">Nucellopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a buccinid shape, but at the end of its growth
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FAFDFB83FBA5FB3D" authority="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityName="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pronucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pacaudi" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FAFDFB83FA2FFBDD" box="[1349,1454,1108,1134]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">P. pacaudi</emphasis>
Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD7E437FB95FBA3FB3DFB3C" box="[1069,1212,1141,1167]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
displays a subfusiform shape with a high spire. The sculptures (both axial and spiral) of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FCF2FB63FB39FB7D" authority="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityName="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[842,1208,1204,1230]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pronucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pacaudi" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FCF2FB63FC34FB7D" box="[842,949,1204,1230]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">P. pacaudi</emphasis>
Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD7E437FB7AFB62FAD7FB7D" box="[1218,1366,1204,1230]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and the internal denticles of outer lip are also less developed. Because of its high spire,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FC5CFB22FAD3FABD" authority="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityName="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[996,1362,1267,1294]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pronucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pacaudi" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FC5CFB22FBCEFABE" box="[996,1103,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">P. pacaudi</emphasis>
Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD7E437FAE5FB22FCE7FA9D" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles some elongated
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FB38FAC2FCEEFAFE" authority="(Carez, 1879)" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Carez" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Beyregrex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sarroniensis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FB38FAC2FADAFA9E" box="[1152,1371,1300,1325]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">Beyregrex sarroniensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FAD1FAC2FCE6FAFE" author="CAREZ L." pageId="49" pageNumber="542" pagination="637 - 641" refId="ref43315" refString="CAREZ L. 1879. - Description d'especes nouvelles du bassin de Paris. Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France serie 3, 7: 637 - 641." type="journal article" year="1879">Carez, 1879</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD7E437FCC7FAE2FC62FAFE" box="[895,995,1331,1358]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
but in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FB83FAE2FB55FAFE" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Carez" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[1083,1236,1332,1357]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Beyregrex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sarroniensis" status="n. comb.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FB83FAE2FB55FAFE" box="[1083,1236,1332,1357]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">B. sarroniensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD7E437FB66FAE2FAC3FAFE" box="[1246,1346,1331,1358]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
the spiral sculpture and the internal denticles are always more strongly developed. In addition, P1 spine is present in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FAA1FAA2FA2FFA3E" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Carez" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[1305,1454,1396,1421]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Beyregrex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sarroniensis" status="n. comb.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FAA1FAA2FA2FFA3E" box="[1305,1454,1396,1421]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">B. sarroniensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD7E437FC94FA42FC0DFA1E" box="[812,908,1427,1454]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, whereas it is missing in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FB28FA42FCEFFA7E" authority="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityName="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pronucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pacaudi" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FB28FA42FB7BFA1E" box="[1168,1274,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">P. pacaudi</emphasis>
Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD7E437FCC1FA65FB91FA7E" box="[889,1040,1459,1485]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD7E437FC95F9C5FC6AF99E" blockId="49.[813,1003,1555,1581]" box="[813,1003,1555,1581]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">CONCLUSION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD7E437FC95F984FA9FF85F" blockId="49.[811,1458,1618,2028]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">
Based on new field material and a re-examination of collection material, this paper presents 24 new species, four new genera, one new subgenus and one new subfamily and therefore it deeply increases the knowledge of muricid paleobiodiversity. At species level, this paper highlights the strong diversity of the Eocene
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FC1CF924FB88F8BF" authorityName="de Gregorio" authorityYear="1885" box="[932,1033,1778,1804]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FC1CF924FB88F8BF" box="[932,1033,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">Timbellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which was underestimated. In addition, with 19 new species, this paper highlights the species richness of European Paleogene muricids and allows updating the diagram showing its evolution given by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FB04F887FA2BF8D8" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[1212,1450,1873,1900]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FB04F887FB7AF8D8" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1212,1275,1873,1899]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FABAF884FAB7F8D8" box="[1282,1334,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">et al.</emphasis>
(2011: 36
</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 21b). This update (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFD7E437FB92F8A7FBF6F838" box="[1066,1143,1905,1931]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="49.[132,143,836,853]" captionTargetBox="[302,1286,214,792]" captionTargetId="figure-673@49.[367,1011,213,731]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIG. 29. — Histogram showing the evolution of the species richness during the Paleogene in Western and Eastern Atlantic, Tethys and Austral Pacific (original histogram of Merle et al. (2011: 38, fig. 11B) updated from this paper, Pacaud 2018; Pacaud et al. 2017; Merle &amp; Pacaud 2019; Kovács &amp; Vicián 2019; Merle &amp; Landau 2020; Ledon et al. 2023; Lozouet 2023). It illustrates the Switch phase with the increase of the proportion of the Tethysian and Pacific species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985837" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985837/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
) illustrates the high muricid species richness in the Lutetian and confirms the Switch phase (Oligocene) which displays an increase of the proportion of Tethysian and Pacific species after the Eocene.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD4E434FF23FF01FE5FFD81" blockId="50.[130,777,215,562]" pageId="50" pageNumber="543">
At supraspecific level, this paper improves the understanding of European Eocene-Oligocene basal muricids (
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD4E434FDC1FF21FC86FEA2" box="[633,775,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="543">Pronucellopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
n. gen,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD4E434FF65FECEFE0BFE82" authority="Merle" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2024" box="[221,394,279,305]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Beyregrex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="50" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD4E434FF65FECEFEBEFE82" box="[221,319,280,305]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="543">Beyregrex</emphasis>
Merle
</taxonomicName>
, n. gen,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD4E434FE57FEC1FC83FE82" authority="Merle" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[495,770,279,305]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pseudotrophonopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="50" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD4E434FE57FEC1FD39FE82" box="[495,696,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="543">Pseudotrophonopsis</emphasis>
Merle
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD4E434FF3EFEEEFF54FEE1" box="[134,213,312,338]" pageId="50" pageNumber="543" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD4E434FF5AFEE1FE47FEE2" authority="Merle" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2024" box="[226,454,311,337]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="50" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Nucellopsinae">Nucellopsinae Merle</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD4E434FE6BFEEEFDCCFEE2" box="[467,589,311,338]" pageId="50" pageNumber="543" rank="subFamily">n. subfam.</taxonomicNameLabel>
), that have, until now, been shoehorned uncomfortably into extant genera and subfamilies. Supraspecific taxonomy today relies heavily on molecular data, but this paper illustrates the value of using precise homologies basing data gathered on the careful observation of shell characters with which one can construct fossil phylogenies of groups that have no living descendants (see also
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2002, 2005b, c).
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(
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A-F; 28F, G)
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCAE42AFF3CF86FFEE7F862" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[132,358,1977,2001]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Muricopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="44" pageNumber="537" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="depauperatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCAE42AFF3CF86FFEE7F862" box="[132,358,1977,2001]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="537">Muricopsis depauperatus</emphasis>
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–
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCAE42AFEC2F86FFD00F862" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G." box="[378,641,1977,2001]" pageId="44" pageNumber="537" pagination="26 - 45" refId="ref43883" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G. 1911. - Iconographie complete des coquilles fossiles de l'Eocene du Bassin de Paris. Tome 2. Hermann, Paris: pl. 26 - 45. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 36319938" type="book chapter" year="1911">Cossmann &amp; Pissarro 1911</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 169bis-2 [
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCAE42AFF0EF805FED5F858" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[182,340,2003,2027]" pageId="44" pageNumber="537" pagination="101 - 107" refId="ref44001" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1865. - Description des Animaux sans vertebres decouverts dans le bassin de Paris pour servir de supplement a la description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris, comprenant une revue generale de toutes les especes actuellement connues. Tome 3. Bailliere, Paris, Livraisons 45 - 46, p. 201 - 288; Atlas 2, pl. 86 - 93 [2 January]; Livraisons 47 - 48, p. 289 - 424, Atlas 2, pl. 94 - 100 [10 June]; Livraisons 49 - 50, p. 425 - 668; Atlas 2, pl. 101 - 107 [15 December]." type="journal article" year="1865">Deshayes, 1865</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCAE42AFC95F8C4FC12F89A" box="[813,915,1810,1833]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="537">Muricopsis</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCAE42AFC07F8C4FBDEF89A" box="[959,1119,1809,1833]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="537">
non
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCAE42AFC53F8C7FBDEF89A" ID-CoL="8YMTF" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[1003,1119,1809,1833]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Jsowerbya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="44" pageNumber="537" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="depauperata">depauperata</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
– Merle
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCAE42AFB78F8C4FB55F89A" box="[1216,1236,1810,1833]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="537">in</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCAE42AFB63F8C4FC15F8F7" author="LE RENARD J. &amp; PACAUD J. - M." pageId="44" pageNumber="537" pagination="65 - 132" refId="ref45932" refString="LE RENARD J. &amp; PACAUD J. - M. 1995. - Revision des Mollusques paleogenes du Bassin de Paris. 2: Liste des references primaires des especes. Cossmanniana 3 (3): 65 - 132." type="journal article" year="1995">Le Renard &amp; Pacaud 1995: 114</bibRefCitation>
, réf.: GA 169bis-2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFCAE42AFC95F881FAE5F8DC" blockId="44.[810,1457,1809,2028]" box="[813,1380,1879,1904]" pageId="44" pageNumber="537">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCAE42AFC95F881FB83F8DC" ID-CoL="86ZBQ" baseAuthorityName="Strauzs" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[813,1026,1879,1903]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Nucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="44" pageNumber="537" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dudariensis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCAE42AFC95F881FB83F8DC" box="[813,1026,1879,1903]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="537">Nucellopsis dudariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCAE42AFBA4F881FB19F8DC" author="MERLE D." box="[1052,1176,1879,1903]" pageId="44" pageNumber="537" pagination="177 - 189" refId="ref46903" refString="MERLE D. 2005 c. - Nucellopsis (Gastropoda, Muricidae), a new genus from the paralic domain of the European Palaeogene. Comptes Rendus Palevol 4 (1 - 2): 177 - 189. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. crpv. 2004.11.005" type="journal article" year="2005">Merle 2005c</bibRefCitation>
[
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCAE42AFB1FF88EFB4AF8DC" box="[1191,1227,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="537">non</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCAE42AFB69F88EFAD8F8DC" author="STRAUSZ L." box="[1233,1369,1879,1904]" pageId="44" pageNumber="537" pagination="1 - 200" refId="ref48690" refString="STRAUSZ L. 1966. - Dudari Eocen Csigak. Geologica Hungarica (series Palaeontologica) 33: 1 - 200." type="journal article" year="1966">Strausz, 1966</bibRefCitation>
].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFCAE429FC95F852FEC1FEF9" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="540" pageId="44" pageNumber="537" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFCAE429FC95F852FEC1FEF9" blockId="44.[810,1457,1809,2028]" lastBlockId="47.[131,775,200,330]" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="540" pageId="44" pageNumber="537">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFCAE42AFC95F852FCDCF82A" baselines="1941,1941" box="[813,861,1924,1947]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="44" pageNumber="537">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFCAE42AFCD9F85FFC3DF829" baselines="1942" box="[865,956,1929,1946]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="material" pageId="44" pageNumber="537">MATERIAL</smallCapsWord>
. —
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFCAE42AFC5AF855FA31F85F" pageId="44" pageNumber="537">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCAE42AFC5AF855FB0AF828" bold="true" box="[994,1163,1923,1947]" pageId="44" pageNumber="537">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFCAE42AFC5AF855FBC3F828" box="[994,1090,1923,1947]" pageId="44" pageNumber="537" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFCAE42AFBF3F855FB0AF828" box="[1099,1163,1923,1947]" name="France" pageId="44" pageNumber="537">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• Paris Basin, Val d’Oise, Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle); Sable du Guépelle (biozone NP16); middle Eocene (early Bartonian, Auversian); MNHN.F.R64955 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCAE42AFB4FF86FFAB1F862" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1271,1328,1977,2001]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="44" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.), figured specimen in
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCAE42AFC19F805FBA0F858" author="MERLE D." box="[929,1057,2003,2027]" pageId="44" pageNumber="537" pagination="177 - 189" refId="ref46903" refString="MERLE D. 2005 c. - Nucellopsis (Gastropoda, Muricidae), a new genus from the paralic domain of the European Palaeogene. Comptes Rendus Palevol 4 (1 - 2): 177 - 189. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. crpv. 2004.11.005" type="journal article" year="2005">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCAE42AFC19F805FC58F858" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[929,985,2003,2027]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="44" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
(2005c
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 2H), H:
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFCAE42AFB1AF805FB7BF858" box="[1186,1274,2003,2027]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" pageId="44" pageNumber="537" unit="mm" value="21.5">21.5 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFCAE42AFABEF805FAF2F858" box="[1286,1395,2003,2027]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="42.[132,143,1281,1298]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1223]" captionTargetId="figure-489@42.[143,795,242,771]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIG. 23. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Nucellopsis parisiensis n. sp. (A-F) and N. dudariensis (Strauzs, 1966) (G, H): A, B, paratype, MNHN.F.A90964 (Faullummel coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle), Val d’Oise, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90963 (Faullummel coll.),Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle);E, F, holotype,MNHN.F.R64955 (Merle coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle);G, H, holotype of Cantharus (Pollia) dudariensis, MGSH E.467, Dudar, Hungary, middle Eocene (upper Lutetian). Scale bars: 5 mm. Credits: A-D, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E, F, D. Serrette (MNHN); G, H, courtesy of Z. Kovács." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985819/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="537">Figs 23E, F</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFCAE42AFAC1F805FA25F85F" box="[1401,1444,2003,2028]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="48.[132,143,1301,1318]" captionTargetBox="[145,1443,235,1238]" captionTargetId="figure-535@48.[700,1258,235,783]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIG. 28. — New species of Flexopteron Shuto, 1969, Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) n. subgen., Nucellopsis Merle, 2005 and Pronucellopsis Merle, n. gen.: A, B, Flexopteron liancurtense n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.J02578 (Cossmann coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre, France, Ypresian; B, paratype: MNHN.F.A77758 (Merle coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre; C-E, Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) hirtus n. subgen., n. sp.: C, paratype (juvenile), MNHN.F.A77753, Molins del Rei, Spain, Zanclean; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A77752, Molins del Rei; E, holotype, MNHN.F.A77751 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei; F, G, Nucellopsis parisiensis n. sp.: F, holotype, MNHN.F.R64955 (Merle coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle), France, Bartonian; G, paratype, MNHN.F.A90963 (Faullummel coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle); H, I, Pronucellopsis pacaudi Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret, n. gen., n. sp.: H, holotype, MNHN.F.J02587 (Cossmann coll.), Châlons-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian; I, paratype, MNHN.F.A90829 (Pacaud coll.), Jonchery-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian. Scale bars: 5 mm. Scale bar: A, B, 3 mm; C, D, F-I, 5 mm; E, 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985833/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="537">28F</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFCBE42BFF3CF852FD2AF804" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFF3CF852FEA7F82F" bold="true" box="[132,294,1924,1948]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFCBE42BFF3CF852FF61F82F" box="[132,224,1924,1948]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFCBE42BFF50F852FEA7F82F" box="[232,294,1924,1948]" name="France" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• 1 spm; same as for the holotype; MNHN.F.A71797 (Pons coll.), figured specimen in
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCBE42BFE73F848FDCEF805" author="MERLE D." box="[459,591,1950,1974]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538" pagination="177 - 189" refId="ref46903" refString="MERLE D. 2005 c. - Nucellopsis (Gastropoda, Muricidae), a new genus from the paralic domain of the European Palaeogene. Comptes Rendus Palevol 4 (1 - 2): 177 - 189. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. crpv. 2004.11.005" type="journal article" year="2005">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCBE42BFE73F848FD85F805" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[459,516,1950,1974]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="45" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
(2005c
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 1G)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFCBE42BFD7CF849FEBCF85F" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">
1 spm; idem; MNHN.F.A71798 (Pons coll.), figured specimen in
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCBE42BFD77F86FFF48F858" author="MERLE D." pageId="45" pageNumber="538" pagination="177 - 189" refId="ref46903" refString="MERLE D. 2005 c. - Nucellopsis (Gastropoda, Muricidae), a new genus from the paralic domain of the European Palaeogene. Comptes Rendus Palevol 4 (1 - 2): 177 - 189. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. crpv. 2004.11.005" type="journal article" year="2005">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCBE42BFD77F86FFC89F862" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[719,776,1977,2001]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="45" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
(2005c
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 1H, I)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFCBE42BFEEDF805FA2EF82F" box="[341,1455,1924,2027]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">
1 spm; idem; MNHN.F.J02585 (Cossmann coll.); figured in
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCBE42BFC76F852FB60F82F" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G." box="[974,1249,1924,1948]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538" pagination="26 - 45" refId="ref43883" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G. 1911. - Iconographie complete des coquilles fossiles de l'Eocene du Bassin de Paris. Tome 2. Hermann, Paris: pl. 26 - 45. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 36319938" type="book chapter" year="1911">Cossmann &amp; Pissarro (1911</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 36 fig. 169bis-2)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFCBE42BFC86F849FC04F862" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">
1 spm; idem; MNHN.F.A90963 (Faullummel coll.) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFCBE42BFAF7F848FCC2F863" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="42.[132,143,1281,1298]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1223]" captionTargetId="figure-489@42.[143,795,242,771]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIG. 23. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Nucellopsis parisiensis n. sp. (A-F) and N. dudariensis (Strauzs, 1966) (G, H): A, B, paratype, MNHN.F.A90964 (Faullummel coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle), Val d’Oise, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90963 (Faullummel coll.),Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle);E, F, holotype,MNHN.F.R64955 (Merle coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle);G, H, holotype of Cantharus (Pollia) dudariensis, MGSH E.467, Dudar, Hungary, middle Eocene (upper Lutetian). Scale bars: 5 mm. Credits: A-D, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E, F, D. Serrette (MNHN); G, H, courtesy of Z. Kovács." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985819/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">Figs 23C, D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFCBE42BFCF7F86FFCFCF862" box="[847,893,1977,2001]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="48.[132,143,1301,1318]" captionTargetBox="[145,1443,235,1238]" captionTargetId="figure-535@48.[700,1258,235,783]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIG. 28. — New species of Flexopteron Shuto, 1969, Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) n. subgen., Nucellopsis Merle, 2005 and Pronucellopsis Merle, n. gen.: A, B, Flexopteron liancurtense n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.J02578 (Cossmann coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre, France, Ypresian; B, paratype: MNHN.F.A77758 (Merle coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre; C-E, Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) hirtus n. subgen., n. sp.: C, paratype (juvenile), MNHN.F.A77753, Molins del Rei, Spain, Zanclean; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A77752, Molins del Rei; E, holotype, MNHN.F.A77751 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei; F, G, Nucellopsis parisiensis n. sp.: F, holotype, MNHN.F.R64955 (Merle coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle), France, Bartonian; G, paratype, MNHN.F.A90963 (Faullummel coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle); H, I, Pronucellopsis pacaudi Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret, n. gen., n. sp.: H, holotype, MNHN.F.J02587 (Cossmann coll.), Châlons-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian; I, paratype, MNHN.F.A90829 (Pacaud coll.), Jonchery-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian. Scale bars: 5 mm. Scale bar: A, B, 3 mm; C, D, F-I, 5 mm; E, 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985833/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">28G</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFCBE42BFC27F86FFC29F85F" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">
1 spm; idem; MNHN.F.A90964 (Faullummel coll.) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFCBE42BFC8DF805FC20F85F" box="[821,929,2003,2028]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="42.[132,143,1281,1298]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1223]" captionTargetId="figure-489@42.[143,795,242,771]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIG. 23. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Nucellopsis parisiensis n. sp. (A-F) and N. dudariensis (Strauzs, 1966) (G, H): A, B, paratype, MNHN.F.A90964 (Faullummel coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle), Val d’Oise, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90963 (Faullummel coll.),Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle);E, F, holotype,MNHN.F.R64955 (Merle coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle);G, H, holotype of Cantharus (Pollia) dudariensis, MGSH E.467, Dudar, Hungary, middle Eocene (upper Lutetian). Scale bars: 5 mm. Credits: A-D, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E, F, D. Serrette (MNHN); G, H, courtesy of Z. Kovács." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985819/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">Fig. 23A, B</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFCBE42BFC03F805FA31F858" box="[955,1456,2003,2027]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">6 spm; idem; MNHN.F.A90962 (Faullummel coll.).</materialsCitation>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC8E428FF3CF852FF7EF828" baselines="1942,1943" box="[132,255,1924,1948]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Additional" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">ADDITIONAL</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC8E428FEBDF85CFEE2F828" baselines="1943" box="[261,355,1930,1947]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="material" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">MATERIAL</smallCapsWord>
. —
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC8E428FE34F852FDB4F862" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FE34F852FE4FF82F" bold="true" box="[396,462,1924,1948]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC8E428FE34F852FE4FF82F" box="[396,462,1924,1948]" name="France" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• 1 spm; Paris Basin, Val d’Oise, Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle); Sable du Guépelle (biozone NP16); early Bartonian; MNHN.F.A27771 (Pacaud coll.)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC8E428FDE8F86FFC33F82F" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">1 spm; Paris Basin, Val d’Oise, Auvers-sur-Oise (Bois-le-Roi); idem; MNHN.F.A27770 (Pacaud coll.)</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC8E428FC70F852FB0CF805" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">1 spm; Paris Basin, Aisne, Nogent-l’Artaud; idem; MNHN.F.A90565 (Margerie coll.)</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC8E428FB10F849FADEF862" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">1 spm; Paris Basin, Aisne, Bézu-le-Guéry; idem;MNHN.F.A90825 (Faullummel coll.)</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC8E429FAC9F86FFE8FFF53" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="540" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">1 spm; Paris Basin, Aisne, Mont-Saint-Martin; idem; MNHN.F.J07787 (UMPC coll.)</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC9E429FE9DFF1FFD35FF48" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">1 spm; Paris Basin, Seine-et-Marne, Sainte-Aulde (Caumont); idem; MNHN.F.A90826 – (Faullummel coll.)</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC9E429FD7FFF35FE86FE83" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">1 spm; Paris Basin, Seine-et-Marne, Luzancy; idem; MNHN.F.A90827 (Faullummel coll.)</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC9E429FEA6FECEFEC1FEF9" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Paris Basin, Oise, Loisy; idem; MNHN.F.A90828 (Faullummel coll.).</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFCBE42BFF3CF980FE35F880" blockId="45.[132,1457,1622,1843]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">
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. 26. — New species of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCBE42BFEDBF980FDD5F9D4" authority="De Gregorio, 1885" authorityName="de Gregorio" authorityYear="1885" box="[355,596,1622,1639]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="45" pageNumber="538" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFEDBF980FE32F9D4" box="[355,435,1622,1639]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">Timbellus</emphasis>
De Gregorio, 1885
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFDE2F980FDE6F9D4" bold="true" box="[602,615,1622,1639]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFDC9F980FDFFF9D4" bold="true" box="[625,638,1622,1639]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">B</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCBE42BFD31F980FCC1F9D4" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[649,832,1622,1639]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="45" pageNumber="538" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="occidentalis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFD31F980FCC1F9D4" box="[649,832,1622,1639]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">Timbellus occidentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFCBE42BFCFDF980FCF6F9D4" box="[837,887,1622,1639]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFCC5F980FC0BF9D4" bold="true" box="[893,906,1622,1639]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">A</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN.F.A90533 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFEBCF9BAFE90F9CE" bold="true" box="[260,273,1644,1661]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">B</emphasis>
, paratype,MNHN.F.A24031 (Vasseur coll.),Saffré (Bois-Gouët),France,Bartonian;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFC03F9BAFC48F9CE" bold="true" box="[955,969,1644,1661]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFC6AF9BAFC61F9CE" bold="true" box="[978,992,1644,1661]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">D</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCBE42BFC51F9BAFBC8F9CE" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1001,1097,1644,1661]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="45" pageNumber="538" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="calciacus" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFC51F9BAFBC8F9CE" box="[1001,1097,1644,1661]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">T.calciacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFCBE42BFBF4F9BAFBFFF9CE" box="[1100,1150,1644,1661]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFB3BF9BAFB10F9CE" bold="true" box="[1155,1169,1644,1661]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">C</emphasis>
, holotype,MNHN.F.A90536 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCBE42BFA38F9BAFA2EF9CE" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1408,1455,1644,1661]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="45" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes), France, Lutetian;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFD99F955FDAEF927" bold="true" box="[545,559,1667,1684]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">D</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.A90537 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCBE42BFC9FF955FCD7F927" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[807,854,1667,1684]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="45" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFBDDF955FBF0F927" bold="true" box="[1125,1137,1667,1684]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">E</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFBC5F955FB09F927" bold="true" box="[1149,1160,1667,1684]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">F</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCBE42BFB2BF955FA8BF927" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1171,1290,1667,1684]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="45" pageNumber="538" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="longicanalis" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFB2BF955FA8BF927" box="[1171,1290,1667,1684]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">T. longicanalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFCBE42BFAA9F955FAC2F927" box="[1297,1347,1667,1684]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFAF2F955FAD7F927" bold="true" box="[1354,1366,1667,1684]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">E</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN.F.A24101 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFD59F94CFD6DF918" bold="true" box="[737,748,1690,1707]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">F</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.A24100, Fresville;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFB8FF94CFBD3F918" bold="true" box="[1079,1106,1690,1707]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">G -I</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCBE42BFBE5F94CFB30F918" box="[1117,1201,1690,1707]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="45" pageNumber="538" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="magnei">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFBE5F94CFB30F918" box="[1117,1201,1690,1707]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">T. magnei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
n. name:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFABFF94CFA94F918" bold="true" box="[1287,1301,1690,1707]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">G</emphasis>
, MNHN.F.A32508 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCBE42BFF31F966FF39F972" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[137,184,1712,1729]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="45" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie), France;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFDF7F966FDDCF972" bold="true" box="[591,605,1712,1729]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">H</emphasis>
, MNHN.F.A90545 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCBE42BFCB8F966FCAEF972" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[768,815,1712,1729]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="45" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.), juvenile specimen with protoconch, Gan (Tuilerie);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFAA9F966FA96F972" bold="true" box="[1297,1303,1712,1729]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">I</emphasis>
, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFEC9F911FE0FF96B" bold="true" box="[369,398,1735,1752]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">J -L</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCBE42BFE20F911FD80F96B" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[408,513,1735,1752]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="45" pageNumber="538" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="curvispina" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFE20F911FD80F96B" box="[408,513,1735,1752]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">T. curvispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFCBE42BFDBEF911FDB9F96B" box="[518,568,1735,1752]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFD87F911FDC8F96B" bold="true" box="[575,585,1735,1752]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">J</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN.F.A90541 (MNHN coll.), Parnes, France, Lutetian;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFB39F911FB0FF96B" bold="true" box="[1153,1166,1735,1752]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">K</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.A90543 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin, France, Lutetian;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFE55F908FE79F95C" bold="true" box="[493,504,1758,1775]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">L</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.A73848 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFC4DF908FB87F95C" bold="true" box="[1013,1030,1758,1775]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">M</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCBE42BFBA8F908FBBFF95C" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1040,1086,1758,1775]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="45" pageNumber="538" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sixi" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFBA8F908FBBFF95C" box="[1040,1086,1758,1775]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">T. sixi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFCBE42BFBFBF908FBF4F95C" box="[1091,1141,1758,1775]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, MNHN.F.A90544 (Six coll.), Trosly-Breuil (Fond Couturier), France, Ypresian;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFDA7F922FDC0F8B6" bold="true" box="[543,577,1780,1797]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">N -P</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCBE42BFDF4F922FD41F8B6" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[588,704,1780,1797]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="45" pageNumber="538" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radulfiensis" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFDF4F922FD41F8B6" box="[588,704,1780,1797]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">T. radulfiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFCBE42BFD7DF922FD79F8B6" box="[709,760,1780,1797]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFCB8F922FC8FF8B6" bold="true" box="[768,782,1780,1797]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">N</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN.F.A77754 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place, France, Priabonian;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFF3CF8DDFF12F8AF" bold="true" box="[132,147,1803,1820]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">O</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.A77755 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCBE42BFD2AF8DDFD1FF8AF" bold="true" box="[658,670,1803,1820]" pageId="45" pageNumber="538">P</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.A90559 (Vasseur coll.), Rauville-la-Place. Scale bars: A,B, N-P, 5 mm; C, D, 3 mm; E-G, I-L, 10 mm; H, 2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF586644FFC8E428FF3CF990FEF7F889" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985831" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13985831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985831/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="539" startId="46.[132,143,1606,1623]" targetBox="[132,1455,215,1546]" targetPageId="46" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC8E428FF3CF990FEF7F889" blockId="46.[132,1457,1606,1850]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC8E428FF3CF990FF1CF9E5" baselines="1619,1619" box="[132,157,1606,1623]" lowerCaseFontSize="5" mainFontSize="7" normCase="title" normString="Fig" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">FIG</smallCapsWord>
. 27. — New species of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC8E428FEDEF990FDD9F9E4" authority="De Gregorio, 1885" authorityName="de Gregorio" authorityYear="1885" box="[358,600,1606,1623]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="46" pageNumber="539" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FEDEF990FE37F9E4" box="[358,438,1606,1623]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">Timbellus</emphasis>
De Gregorio, 1885
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC8E428FDD9F990FCC7F9E4" authority="Swainson, 1833" authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1833" box="[609,838,1606,1623]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="46" pageNumber="539" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FDD9F990FD3AF9E4" box="[609,699,1606,1623]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">Pterynotus</emphasis>
Swainson, 1833
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC8E428FCE8F990FBB2F9E4" authority="Houart, 1995" authorityName="Houart" authorityYear="1995" box="[848,1075,1606,1623]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterymarchia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="46" pageNumber="539" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FCE8F990FC3CF9E4" box="[848,957,1606,1623]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">Pterymarchia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC8E428FC7BF990FBB2F9E4" author="HOUART R." box="[963,1075,1606,1623]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539" pagination="127 - 136" refId="ref44916" refString="HOUART R. 1995. - Pterymarchia n. gen. and Vaughtia n. gen., two new muricid genera (Gastropoda: Muricidae: Muricinae and Ocenebrinae). Apex 10 (4): 127 - 136. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 42257087" type="journal article" year="1995">Houart, 1995</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC8E428FB87F990FA98F9E4" authority="Merle, 2011" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2011" box="[1087,1305,1606,1623]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Textiliomurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="46" pageNumber="539" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FB87F990FB2CF9E4" box="[1087,1197,1606,1623]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">Textiliomurex</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC8E428FB0BF990FA98F9E4" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[1203,1305,1606,1623]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">Merle, 2011</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC8E428FA99F990FF2FF9DD" authority="Houart, 1986" authorityName="Houart" authorityYear="1986" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Ponderia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="46" pageNumber="539" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FA99F990FAEAF9E4" box="[1313,1387,1606,1623]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">Ponderia</emphasis>
Houart, 1986
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC8E428FF60F98BFE2BF9DD" authority="Shuto, 1969" authorityName="Shuto" authorityYear="1969" box="[216,426,1629,1646]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="46" pageNumber="539" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FF60F98BFEBAF9DD" box="[216,315,1629,1646]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">Flexopteron</emphasis>
Shuto, 1969
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FE0AF98BFE55F9DD" bold="true" box="[434,468,1629,1646]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">A -C</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC8E428FE66F98BFD34F9DD" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[478,693,1629,1646]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="46" pageNumber="539" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="submicropterus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FE66F98BFD34F9DD" box="[478,693,1629,1646]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">Timbellus submicropterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC8E428FD03F98BFD6FF9DD" box="[699,750,1629,1646]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FD4CF98BFC80F9DD" bold="true" box="[756,769,1629,1646]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">A</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, France, Lutetian;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FAF0F98BFAD4F9DD" bold="true" box="[1352,1365,1629,1646]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">B</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, France, Lutetian;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FD58F9A5FD6FF937" bold="true" box="[736,750,1651,1668]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">C</emphasis>
, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FB15F9A5FB3AF937" bold="true" box="[1197,1211,1651,1668]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">D</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC8E428FB7DF9A5FAF7F937" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1221,1398,1651,1668]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="46" pageNumber="539" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="submicropterus" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FB7DF9A5FB56F937" box="[1221,1239,1651,1668]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">T.</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FB4CF9A5FAF7F937" box="[1268,1398,1651,1668]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">submicropterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC8E428FAC4F9A5FA2FF937" box="[1404,1454,1651,1668]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan-Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), France, Bartonian;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FC27F95CFC2AF928" bold="true" box="[927,939,1674,1691]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">E</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FC0FF95CFC43F928" bold="true" box="[951,962,1674,1691]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">F</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC8E428FC77F95CFA85F928" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[975,1284,1674,1691]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="46" pageNumber="539" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gaasensis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Pterymarchia">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FC77F95CFBABF928" box="[975,1066,1674,1691]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">Pterynotus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FB8EF95CFB24F928" box="[1078,1189,1674,1691]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">Pterymarchia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FB09F95CFA85F928" box="[1201,1284,1674,1691]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">gaasensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC8E428FAB4F95CFABEF928" box="[1292,1343,1674,1691]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FAF0F95CFAD5F928" bold="true" box="[1352,1364,1674,1691]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">E</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN.F.A32492 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC8E428FEA5F977FECDF901" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[285,332,1697,1714]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="46" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.), Gaas (Espibos), France, Rupelian;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FD11F977FD35F901" bold="true" box="[681,692,1697,1714]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">F</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC8E428FC15F977FC5DF901" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[941,988,1697,1714]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="46" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.), Gaas (Espibos);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FB27F977FB2CF901" bold="true" box="[1183,1197,1697,1714]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">G</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FB01F977FB46F901" bold="true" box="[1209,1223,1697,1714]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">H</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC8E428FB6BF977FAF5F901" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1235,1396,1697,1714]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="46" pageNumber="539" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pelouatensis" status="n. sp." subGenus="Pterymarchia">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FB6BF977FB64F901" box="[1235,1253,1697,1714]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FB57F977FA83F901" box="[1263,1282,1697,1714]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FAB4F977FAF5F901" box="[1292,1396,1697,1714]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">pelouatensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC8E428FAC2F977FA2FF901" box="[1402,1454,1697,1714]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FF3CF961FF13F97B" bold="true" box="[132,146,1719,1736]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">G</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), France, Burdigalian;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FD72F961FD59F97B" bold="true" box="[714,728,1719,1736]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">H</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FBDBF961FBE8F97B" bold="true" box="[1123,1129,1719,1736]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">I</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FBCBF961FBFCF97B" bold="true" box="[1139,1149,1719,1736]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">J</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC8E428FB30F961FAF7F97B" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1160,1398,1719,1736]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Textiliomurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="46" pageNumber="539" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="chodmonensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FB30F961FAF7F97B" box="[1160,1398,1719,1736]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">Textiliomurex chodmonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC8E428FAC4F961FA2DF97B" box="[1404,1452,1719,1736]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FF3CF918FF0BF96C" bold="true" box="[132,138,1742,1759]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">I</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN.F.A81144 (Pacaud coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy), France, Lutetian;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FC75F918FC56F96C" bold="true" box="[973,983,1742,1759]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">J</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.A81145 (Pons coll.), Chaumont-enVexin (Carrière Darcy);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FEFBF933FED1F945" bold="true" box="[323,336,1765,1782]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">K</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FEE3F933FEE7F945" bold="true" box="[347,358,1765,1782]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">L</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC8E428FEC8F933FE6CF945" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[368,493,1765,1782]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Ponderia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="46" pageNumber="539" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="remyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FEC8F933FE6CF945" box="[368,493,1765,1782]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">Ponderia remyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC8E428FE4AF933FDA4F945" box="[498,549,1765,1782]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FD93F933FDB9F945" bold="true" box="[555,568,1765,1782]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">K</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN.F.A90548 (Remy coll.), Fresville, Lutetian;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FB88F933FBBAF945" bold="true" box="[1072,1083,1765,1782]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">L</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.A90555, Fresville (Remy coll.);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FF00F92DFF48F8BF" bold="true" box="[184,201,1787,1804]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">M</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FF6CF92DFF63F8BF" bold="true" box="[212,226,1787,1804]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">N</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC8E428FF56F92DFE56F8BF" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[238,471,1787,1804]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="46" pageNumber="539" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="constantinense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FF56F92DFE56F8BF" box="[238,471,1787,1804]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">Flexopteron constantinense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC8E428FE67F92DFD93F8BF" box="[479,530,1787,1804]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FDA2F92DFDAAF8BF" bold="true" box="[538,555,1787,1804]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">M</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.A77761 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin), France, Priabonian;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC8E428FAFFF92DFAD4F8BF" bold="true" box="[1351,1365,1787,1804]" pageId="46" pageNumber="539">N</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN.F.A77760 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin). Scale bars: A-D, I-L, 10 mm; E-H, N, 5 mm; M, 3 mm. Credits: A, B, D-F, N, P. Loubry (MNHN/ CNRS); C, E. Robert (UCBL).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC9E429FF3CFEB4FDA3FE27" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC9E429FF3CFEB4FDA3FE27" blockId="47.[131,775,354,404]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">
ETYMOLOGY. — From the Latin adjective
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FDA9FEB5FDEFFEC9" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[529,622,355,378]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Nucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="parisiensis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FDA9FEB5FDEFFEC9" box="[529,622,355,378]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">parisiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the geographic origin of this species being the Paris Basin.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC9E429FF3CFE7BFE25FD9A" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC9E429FF3CFE7BFC89FE6D" blockId="47.[132,776,428,479]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC9E429FF3CFE7BFF34FE71" baselines="446,446" box="[132,181,429,452]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC9E429FF3CFE7BFF34FE71" box="[132,181,429,452]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">TYPE</typeStatus>
</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC9E429FF04FE64FE96FE70" baselines="447" box="[188,279,434,451]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="horizon" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">HORIZON</smallCapsWord>
. — Sable du Guépelle (biozone NP16, see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC9E429FD06FE7AFE89FE6C" author="GELY J. - P. &amp; LORENZ C." pageId="47" pageNumber="540" pagination="713 - 747" refId="ref44561" refString="GELY J. - P. &amp; LORENZ C. 1991. - Analyse sequentielle de l'Eocene et de l'Oligocene du Bassin parisien (France). Revue de l'institut francais du petrole 46 (6): 713 - 747." type="journal article" year="1991">Gély &amp; Lorenz (1991</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 1), middle Eocene (early Bartonian, Auversian).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC9E429FF3CFE21FE25FD9A" blockId="47.[132,775,502,553]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC9E429FF3CFE21FF36FDBF" baselines="520,520" box="[132,183,503,526]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC9E429FF3CFE21FF36FDBF" box="[132,183,503,526]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">TYPE</typeStatus>
</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC9E429FF78FE2AFE9FFDBE" baselines="521" box="[192,286,508,525]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="locality" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">LOCALITY</smallCapsWord>
. —
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC9E429FEE8FE21FE17FDBD" box="[336,406,503,526]" name="France" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">France</collectingCountry>
, Paris Basin, Val d’Oise, Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle),
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC9E429FEAFFDC7FE21FD9A" author="INPN &amp; INVENTAIRE NATIONAL DU PATRIMOINE NATURELLE" box="[279,416,529,553]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" refId="ref45200" refString="INPN (INVENTAIRE NATIONAL DU PATRIMOINE NATURELLE) 2024. - IDF 0034 - Le gisement bartonien de la carriere du Guepelle a Saint-Witz. Available at: https: // inpn. mnhn. fr / site / inpg / IDF 0034 / tab / interets (last access on 03 / 2024)." type="url" year="2024">INPN (2024)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC9E429FF3CFD97FEC7FDC0" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC9E429FF3CFD97FEC7FDC0" blockId="47.[132,775,576,627]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC9E429FF3CFD97FE93FDE4" baselines="594,595" box="[132,274,577,600]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Distribution" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
. — Paris Basin (
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC9E429FE0BFD96FE78FDEB" box="[435,505,576,600]" name="France" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">France</collectingCountry>
), middle Eocene (early Bartonian, Auversian).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC9E429FF3CFD40FAEBFDC3" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC9E429FF3CFD40FE94FD1D" blockId="47.[131,777,662,1453]" box="[132,277,662,688]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC9E429FF3CFD40FE94FD1D" baselines="681,681" box="[132,277,662,688]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Description" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">DESCRIPTION</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC9E429FF3CFD63FDF8FA1E" blockId="47.[131,777,662,1453]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">
Smooth, multispiral protoconch of up to 2.5 whorls (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC9E429FF3EFD03FE86FD43" author="MERLE D." box="[134,263,725,752]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" refId="ref46629" refString="MERLE D. 1999. - La radiation des Muricidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) au Paleogene: approche phylogenetique et evolutive. Unpublished PhD thesis, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 499 p." type="book" year="1999">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FF3EFD03FF47FD5C" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[134,198,725,751]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
1999
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 23, fig. 5,
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC9E429FE0BFD03FD98FD5C" box="[435,537,725,751]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
). Biconic teleoconch, up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFC9E429FF73FD23FEB0FCA3" box="[203,305,757,784]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" unit="mm" value="21.5">21.5 mm</quantity>
in height, up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFC9E429FE49FD23FDC3FCA3" box="[497,578,757,784]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
in width, biconic in profile and composed of six whorls. Moderately high spire with rounded or subcarinate whorls. Last whorl up to 73% of total length. Apical angle 64°. Spiral sculpture with strongly marked primary cords. First whorl: appearance of P1, s1, P2; P1 less marked than s1-P2; from second to third whorl, no addition of cord, P1 of equal strength to s1-P2; on fourth whorl, appearance of IP poorly marked. Fifth whorl: no addition of cord. Last whorl: IP (weak), P1 to P6, P6 not atrophied (on convex part of whorl), ADP, MP and ABP; s1 to s3 dominant, equal in strength to primary cords. First to second whorl: twelve varices. Third to fourth whorl: eleven varices. Fifth whorl: ten varices. Sixth whorl: nine varices. Varices more or less sublamellose. No true spine except angular point on P1. Suboval aperture up to 31% of diameter and up to 66% of length of last whorl (including siphonal canal). Columella slightly angular. Columellar lip narrow, adherent, smooth or with one tubercle. Outer lip with five or six denticles including D1 to D6. D1 appearing late in ontogeny. D6 occasional. ID missing. Siphonal canal, short, open, up to 31% of aperture length, slightly dorsally recurved. Pseudo-umbilicus deep, rather wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC9E429FF3CFA05FE9EFA58" blockId="47.[130,777,1491,2028]" box="[132,287,1491,1517]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC9E429FF3CFA05FE9EFA58" baselines="1510,1510" box="[132,287,1491,1517]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Comparisons" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">COMPARISONS</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC9E429FF3CFA25FAEBFDC3" blockId="47.[130,777,1491,2028]" lastBlockId="47.[811,1457,215,624]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FF3CFA25FE3BF9BE" authority="Merle, 2005 c" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2005" box="[132,442,1522,1549]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Nucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ponsi">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FF3CFA25FEAAF9BF" box="[132,299,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Nucellopsis ponsi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC9E429FE96FA25FE3BF9BE" author="MERLE D." box="[302,442,1522,1549]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" pagination="177 - 189" refId="ref46903" refString="MERLE D. 2005 c. - Nucellopsis (Gastropoda, Muricidae), a new genus from the paralic domain of the European Palaeogene. Comptes Rendus Palevol 4 (1 - 2): 177 - 189. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. crpv. 2004.11.005" type="journal article" year="2005">Merle, 2005c</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FD85FA25FD43F9BF" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[573,706,1523,1548]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Nucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="parisiensis" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FD85FA25FD43F9BF" box="[573,706,1523,1548]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">N. parisiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC9E429FD71FA25FC83F9BE" box="[713,770,1523,1549]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FF3CF9C5FE4BF99E" ID-CoL="8748G" authority="(Deshayes, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[132,458,1554,1581]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="plicatilis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FF3CF9C5FE80F99F" box="[132,257,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">N. plicatilis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC9E429FEAAF9C4FE42F99E" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[274,451,1554,1581]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" pagination="79 - 106" refId="ref43930" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1835. - Description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris. Tome 2. Livraisons 40 - 45, l'auteur, Bechet Jeune, Baudouin freres, Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris: 499 - 780; Atlas 2, Levrault, Paris: pl. 79 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 52303" type="book chapter" year="1835">Deshayes, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FDBDF9C5FF44F9FF" ID-CoL="86ZBQ" authority="(Strauzs, 1966)" baseAuthorityName="Strauzs" baseAuthorityYear="1966" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Nucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dudariensis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FDBDF9C5FD21F99F" box="[517,672,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">N. dudariensis</emphasis>
(Strauzs, 1966)
</taxonomicName>
by having a deeper posterior sinus and weaker spiral cords. Its columellar lip is occasionally ornamented by a weak denticle mid-columella, whereas it is usually smooth in the other three species.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FEE3F944FDBDF91F" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[347,572,1682,1708]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Nucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="parisiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FEE3F944FDBDF91F" box="[347,572,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Nucellopsis parisiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC9E429FDFBF945FD00F91E" box="[579,641,1683,1709]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FD35F945FC86F91F" ID-CoL="8748G" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[653,775,1682,1708]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="plicatilis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FD35F945FC86F91F" box="[653,775,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">N. plicatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FF09F965FEC4F97F" ID-CoL="86ZBQ" baseAuthorityName="Strauzs" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[177,325,1714,1740]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Nucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dudariensis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FF09F965FEC4F97F" box="[177,325,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">N. dudariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bear more numerous cords on the siphonal canal (MP and ABP) and more secondary cords than
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FD11F905FD7FF95F" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2005" box="[681,766,1747,1772]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Nucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ponsi">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FD11F905FD7FF95F" box="[681,766,1747,1772]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">N. ponsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FF3CF924FEE7F8BF" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[132,358,1778,1804]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Nucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="parisiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FF3CF924FEE7F8BF" box="[132,358,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Nucellopsis parisiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC9E429FEC9F924FE2FF8BF" box="[369,430,1778,1804]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
differs from
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FD87F925FD3AF8BF" box="[575,699,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">N. plicatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the appearance of P1 and s1 on the first teleoconch whorls, by having more angular teleoconch whorls, and by usually lacking D6. Both species share a multispiral protoconch.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FD2DF887FF6DF838" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Nucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="parisiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FD2DF887FF6DF838" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Nucellopsis parisiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC9E429FF4BF8A4FEAFF83F" box="[243,302,1906,1932]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
was erroneously identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FDD7F8A7FE23F81F" ID-CoL="8YMTF" authority="(Deshayes, 1865)" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Jsowerbya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="depauperata">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FDD7F8A7FF5FF818" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Jsowerbya depauperata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC9E429FF55F847FE1BF81F" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[237,410,1937,1964]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" pagination="101 - 107" refId="ref44001" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1865. - Description des Animaux sans vertebres decouverts dans le bassin de Paris pour servir de supplement a la description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris, comprenant une revue generale de toutes les especes actuellement connues. Tome 3. Bailliere, Paris, Livraisons 45 - 46, p. 201 - 288; Atlas 2, pl. 86 - 93 [2 January]; Livraisons 47 - 48, p. 289 - 424, Atlas 2, pl. 94 - 100 [10 June]; Livraisons 49 - 50, p. 425 - 668; Atlas 2, pl. 101 - 107 [15 December]." type="journal article" year="1865">Deshayes, 1865</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC9E429FE73F847FC86F818" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G." box="[459,775,1937,1963]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" pagination="26 - 45" refId="ref43883" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G. 1911. - Iconographie complete des coquilles fossiles de l'Eocene du Bassin de Paris. Tome 2. Hermann, Paris: pl. 26 - 45. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 36319938" type="book chapter" year="1911">Cossmann &amp; Pissarro (1911)</bibRefCitation>
in spite of numerous differences, such as a narrower shell shape, IP on the sutural ramp and a deeper anal sulcus (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC9E429FD70F807FCF2FF41" author="MERLE D." box="[712,883,215,2027]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" pagination="505 - 517" refId="ref46835" refString="MERLE D. 2005 b. - Jsowerbya, new genus of Muricidae (Mollusca Gastropoda) from the Eocene of the Paris (France) and Hampshire basins (England), with a phylogenetic assessment of its ocenebrine versus ergalataxine affinities. Geobios 38 (4): 505 - 517. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2004.02.002" type="journal article" year="2005">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FD70F807FC86F858" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[712,775,2001,2027]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
2005b
</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC9E429FC3FFF01FB8BFF42" author="MERLE D." box="[903,1034,215,241]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" refId="ref46629" refString="MERLE D. 1999. - La radiation des Muricidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) au Paleogene: approche phylogenetique et evolutive. Unpublished PhD thesis, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 499 p." type="book" year="1999">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FC3FFF01FC47FF42" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[903,966,215,241]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
(1999
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC9E429FBAFFF01FBDBFF41" author="MERLE D." box="[1047,1114,215,242]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" pagination="177 - 189" refId="ref46903" refString="MERLE D. 2005 c. - Nucellopsis (Gastropoda, Muricidae), a new genus from the paralic domain of the European Palaeogene. Comptes Rendus Palevol 4 (1 - 2): 177 - 189. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. crpv. 2004.11.005" type="journal article" year="2005">2005c</bibRefCitation>
) identified
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FB68FF0EFAD6FF42" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1232,1367,216,241]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Nucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="parisiensis" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FB68FF0EFAD6FF42" box="[1232,1367,216,241]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">N. parisiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC9E429FAE4FF0EFA14FF41" box="[1372,1429,216,242]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
as
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FC93FF2EFC41FEA2" ID-CoL="86ZBQ" baseAuthorityName="Strauzs" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[811,960,247,273]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Nucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dudariensis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FC93FF2EFC41FEA2" box="[811,960,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">N. dudariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to several similarities with the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC9E429FA8CFF21FA12FEA2" box="[1332,1427,247,273]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FC93FEC1FBE9FE82" box="[811,1128,279,305]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pisaniidae" genus="Cantharus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dudariensis" subGenus="Pollia">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FC93FEC1FC19FE82" box="[811,920,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Cantharus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FC11FEC1FC64FE82" box="[937,997,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Pollia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FC4CFEC1FBE9FE82" box="[1012,1128,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">dudariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC9E429FBC0FEC1FB7CFE82" box="[1144,1277,279,305]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="42.[132,143,1281,1298]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1223]" captionTargetId="figure-489@42.[143,795,242,771]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIG. 23. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Nucellopsis parisiensis n. sp. (A-F) and N. dudariensis (Strauzs, 1966) (G, H): A, B, paratype, MNHN.F.A90964 (Faullummel coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle), Val d’Oise, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90963 (Faullummel coll.),Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle);E, F, holotype,MNHN.F.R64955 (Merle coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle);G, H, holotype of Cantharus (Pollia) dudariensis, MGSH E.467, Dudar, Hungary, middle Eocene (upper Lutetian). Scale bars: 5 mm. Credits: A-D, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E, F, D. Serrette (MNHN); G, H, courtesy of Z. Kovács." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985819/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Fig. 23G, H</figureCitation>
) from the upper Lutetian of
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC9E429FC1BFEE1FB80FEE2" box="[931,1025,311,337]" name="Hungary" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Hungary</collectingCountry>
[apical angle near 64°, subangular whorls, thick varices, poorly developed shoulder sinus, five internal denticles (D1 to D5, D6 missing), angular columella with one small tubercle]. These similarities suggest that
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FA9DFE41FA31FE03" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1317,1456,407,432]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Nucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="parisiensis" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FA9DFE41FA31FE03" box="[1317,1456,407,432]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">N. parisiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC9E429FC96FE61FCE8FE62" box="[814,873,439,465]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FC19FE61FBB9FE63" box="[929,1080,438,464]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pisaniidae" genus="Cantharus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dudariensis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FC19FE61FBB9FE63" box="[929,1080,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">N. dudariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are closely related. However, close examinaton of the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC9E429FC41FE00FBD9FE43" box="[1017,1112,470,496]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FBC2FE01FA90FE43" box="[1146,1297,470,496]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pisaniidae" genus="Cantharus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dudariensis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FBC2FE01FA90FE43" box="[1146,1297,470,496]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">N. dudariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC9E429FA99FE00FA26FE43" box="[1313,1447,470,496]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="42.[132,143,1281,1298]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1223]" captionTargetId="figure-489@42.[143,795,242,771]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIG. 23. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Nucellopsis parisiensis n. sp. (A-F) and N. dudariensis (Strauzs, 1966) (G, H): A, B, paratype, MNHN.F.A90964 (Faullummel coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle), Val d’Oise, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90963 (Faullummel coll.),Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle);E, F, holotype,MNHN.F.R64955 (Merle coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle);G, H, holotype of Cantharus (Pollia) dudariensis, MGSH E.467, Dudar, Hungary, middle Eocene (upper Lutetian). Scale bars: 5 mm. Credits: A-D, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E, F, D. Serrette (MNHN); G, H, courtesy of Z. Kovács." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985819/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Fig. 23G, H</figureCitation>
) reveals several differences with the Parisian species, such as the late appearance of s1 on the last whorl, s1 less coarse than the primary cords P1 and P2, fewer secondary cords (only s1 instead s1 to s3), and the stronger development of IP.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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189
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@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
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Informal group
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,
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Merle
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, n. gen,
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Merle
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,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFCFE42FFD8AFCE0FD01FCE3" box="[562,640,822,848]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFCFE42FFF3CFCB9FDD1FBDC" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFCFE42FFF3CFCB9FEEBFB96" blockId="41.[132,775,878,1061]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFCFE42FFF3CFCB9FF77FC36" baselines="896,897" box="[132,246,879,902]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Diagnosis" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">DIAGNOSIS</smallCapsWord>
. — Shell medium sized for family, biconic. P6 not atrophied. IP, ADP, MP and ABP present. Poorly developed axial sculpture formed by slightly lamellose varices. Posterior sinus of sutural ramp shallow. Shoulder sinus of P1 reduced or missing. ID missing, D1 to D6 present. Columellar lip occasionally ornamented by 1-3 tubercles. Microstructure of three aragonite layers.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFCFE42FFF3CFBEBFDD1FBDC" blockId="41.[131,775,1084,1135]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFCFE42FFF3CFBEBFF6CFBE0" baselines="1102,1103" box="[132,237,1085,1108]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Included" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">INCLUDED</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFCFE42FFF4BFB94FEC0FBE0" baselines="1103" box="[243,321,1090,1107]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="genera" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">GENERA</smallCapsWord>
. —
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFED3FBEAFE4BFBE7" box="[363,458,1084,1108]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Jsowerbya</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCFE42FFE68FBEAFDDAFBE7" author="MERLE D." box="[464,603,1084,1108]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" pagination="505 - 517" refId="ref46835" refString="MERLE D. 2005 b. - Jsowerbya, new genus of Muricidae (Mollusca Gastropoda) from the Eocene of the Paris (France) and Hampshire basins (England), with a phylogenetic assessment of its ocenebrine versus ergalataxine affinities. Geobios 38 (4): 505 - 517. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2004.02.002" type="journal article" year="2005">Merle, 2005b</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFDDCFBEBFC82FBE7" authority="Merle" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2024" box="[612,771,1084,1108]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Beyregrex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFDDCFBEBFD3FFBE7" box="[612,702,1085,1108]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Beyregrex</emphasis>
Merle
</taxonomicName>
,
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and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFF47FB81FE7FFBDC" authority="Merle" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[255,510,1111,1135]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pseudotrophonopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFF47FB81FE38FBDC" box="[255,441,1111,1135]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Pseudotrophonopsis</emphasis>
Merle
</taxonomicName>
,
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFCFE42FFF3CFB42FE1BF858" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFCFE42FFF3CFB42FE8DFB1F" blockId="41.[131,777,1172,2028]" box="[132,268,1172,1198]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFCFE42FFF3CFB62FE1BF858" blockId="41.[131,777,1172,2028]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">
This informal group includes basal taxa often erroneously attributed to the
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFEF4FB02FE67FB5D" authorityName="Radwin &amp; d'Attilio" authorityYear="1971" box="[332,486,1236,1262]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Muricopsinae">Muricopsinae</taxonomicName>
(synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFD31FB02FD7FFB5D" authorityName="Keen" authorityYear="1971" box="[649,766,1236,1262]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aspellinae">Aspellinae</taxonomicName>
) because of their biconic shape and the presence of 1-3 columellar tubercles or attributed to the
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFDD3FAC5FC83FA9E" authorityName="Cossmann" authorityYear="1903" box="[619,770,1299,1325]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Trophoninae">Trophoninae</taxonomicName>
, because of the more or less lamellose varices. In the phylogenetic analysis, they represent basal taxa (Clades G, H, I, J, L of Winclada [
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFCFE42FFEC9FAA5FE32FA3E" box="[369,435,1395,1421]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[134,143,1784,1801]" captionTargetBox="[134,618,235,1734]" captionTargetId="graphics-161@6.[134,618,235,1734]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 1. — Strict Consensus tree of 7 equally parsimonious trees (length 107, ci 0.53, ri 0.78) generated by Winclada and computed using the option Heuristic Analysis (mult* max*), all characters non additive." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985762" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985762/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
; Appendix 3] and Clades 44, 43, 42, 41, 40 of PAUP [Appendix 5]). They essentially differ from members from the other subfamilies by having a combination of characters including a posterior sinus, a D6 denticle, occasional columellar tubercles, and by lacking the ID denticle. The primary cords appear late in ontogeny and IP is missing in the most basal species of this group (e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFEB1F985FD10F9DF" authority="(Carez, 1879)" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Carez" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[265,657,1618,1644]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Beyregrex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sarroniensis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFEB1F985FE6CF9DF" box="[265,493,1619,1644]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Beyregrex sarroniensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCFE42FFE45F984FD09F9DF" author="CAREZ L." box="[509,648,1618,1644]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" pagination="637 - 641" refId="ref43315" refString="CAREZ L. 1879. - Description d'especes nouvelles du bassin de Paris. Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France serie 3, 7: 637 - 641." type="journal article" year="1879">Carez, 1879</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
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) from the Thanetian, whereas in the derived members (e.g., members of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFEABF944FD9EF91E" authority="Merle, 2005 b" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2005" box="[275,543,1682,1709]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Jsowerbya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFEABF944FEFDF91F" box="[275,380,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Jsowerbya</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCFE42FFE3CF944FD9EF91E" author="MERLE D." box="[388,543,1682,1709]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" pagination="505 - 517" refId="ref46835" refString="MERLE D. 2005 b. - Jsowerbya, new genus of Muricidae (Mollusca Gastropoda) from the Eocene of the Paris (France) and Hampshire basins (England), with a phylogenetic assessment of its ocenebrine versus ergalataxine affinities. Geobios 38 (4): 505 - 517. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2004.02.002" type="journal article" year="2005">Merle, 2005b</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) they appear earlier, and the primary cord IP is often present. From an evolutionary point of view, members of this group are diversified from the late Paleocene to the middle Eocene with
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFF3CF8C4FEB4F89F" authority="Merle" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2024" box="[132,309,1810,1836]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Beyregrex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFF3CF8C4FF69F898" box="[132,232,1810,1835]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Beyregrex</emphasis>
Merle
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFCFE42FFEF9F8C4FE0FF89F" box="[321,398,1810,1836]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFE7DF8C4FDAFF89F" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2005" box="[453,558,1810,1836]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Jsowerbya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFE7DF8C4FDAFF89F" box="[453,558,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Jsowerbya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The decline of the group begins at the Priabonian in which only
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFD19F8E4FF48F8D8" authority="Merle" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Beyregrex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFD19F8E4FC86F8F8" box="[673,775,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Beyregrex</emphasis>
Merle
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFCFE42FFF6FF884FEA6F8DF" box="[215,295,1874,1900]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFEDDF887FD01F8D8" authority="Merle" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[357,640,1873,1899]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pseudotrophonopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFEDDF887FDB2F8D8" box="[357,563,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Pseudotrophonopsis</emphasis>
Merle
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFCFE42FFD36F884FD5CF8DF" box="[654,733,1874,1900]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are recorded.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFF48F8A4FE1BF838" authority="Merle" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2024" box="[240,410,1905,1931]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Beyregrex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFF48F8A4FED0F838" box="[240,337,1906,1931]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Beyregrex</emphasis>
Merle
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFCFE42FFE1CF8A4FE6FF83F" box="[420,494,1906,1932]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
survives after the Eocene/ Oligocene climatic crisis and is known in the Early Miocene (Burdigalian) with
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFE2AF864FEA0F858" authority="(Cossmann &amp; Peyrot, 1924)" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Cossmann &amp; Peyrot" baseAuthorityYear="1924" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Beyregrex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cedillatus" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFE2AF864FDE3F878" box="[402,610,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Beyregrex cedillatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCFE42FFDC9F867FE98F858" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; PEYROT A." pageId="41" pageNumber="534" pagination="71 - 144" refId="ref43770" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; PEYROT A. 1924. - Conchologie neogenique de l'Aquitaine (Species n ° 707 - 762). Actes de la Societe linneenne de Bordeaux 75 (2): 71 - 144." type="journal article" year="1924">Cossmann &amp; Peyrot, 1924</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFCFE42FFE96F804FE0EF858" box="[302,399,2001,2028]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" rank="species">n. comb</taxonomicNameLabel>
..
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEAE40AFC49F9AEFB6DF921" blockId="12.[1009,1260,1656,1714]" box="[1009,1260,1656,1682]" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">
<heading id="D0D081A0FFEAE40AFC49F9AEFB6DF921" box="[1009,1260,1656,1682]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="505" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEAE40AFC49F9AEFB2BF921" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1009,1194,1656,1682]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Favartia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="505" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jansseni" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEAE40AFC49F9AEFB2BF921" bold="true" box="[1009,1194,1656,1682]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">Favartia jansseni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFEAE40AFB09F9AEFB6DF921" box="[1201,1260,1656,1682]" pageId="12" pageNumber="505" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFEAE40AFBB9F94EFA31F95C" pageId="12" pageNumber="505" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEAE40AFBB9F94EFB5AF901" blockId="12.[1009,1260,1656,1714]" box="[1025,1243,1687,1714]" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFEAE40AFBB2F941FBCBF901" box="[1034,1098,1687,1714]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[132,143,1166,1183]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1122]" captionTargetId="figure-306@12.[698,1267,213,759]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 4. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Favartia jansseni n. sp. (A-D) and Dermomurex (Gracilimurex) ligerianus n. sp. (E-H): A, B, holotype, RGM.225979, Winterswijk, North Sea Basin, The Netherlands, Middle Miocene (Langhian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A77748 (Ledon coll.), Winterswijk; E, F, holotype, MNHN.F.A33456 (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy, Loire Basin, France, Middle Miocene; G, H, paratype, MNHN.F.A33457 (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy. Scale bars: 5 mm. Credits: A, B, R. Pouwer and E. de Vogel (Naturalis Biodiversity Center); C, D, L. Cazes (MNHN/CNRS); E-H, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985768" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985768/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">Figs 4</figureCitation>
A-D; 25E, F)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEAE40AFC95F908FA31F95C" blockId="12.[813,1456,1758,1775]" box="[813,1456,1758,1775]" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">
<uri id="FFB63ACEFFEAE40AFC95F908FA31F95C" box="[813,1456,1758,1775]" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FF810C19FFEAE40AFBBEF908FA31F95C" box="[1030,1456,1758,1775]" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">D34B3691-CAE8-4FB4-9492-05EFDF71FCD3</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFEAE40AFC95F8F4FA96F8D8" pageId="12" pageNumber="505" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEAE40AFC95F8F4FA2EF88A" blockId="12.[813,1455,1825,1850]" box="[813,1455,1825,1850]" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3711E2FFEAE40AFC95F8F4FA2EF88A" box="[813,1455,1825,1850]" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEAE40AFC95F8F4FC36F88A" ID-CoL="8ZGQ8" baseAuthorityName="Boettger" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[813,951,1825,1849]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Favartia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="505" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="collega">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEAE40AFC95F8F4FC36F88A" box="[813,951,1825,1849]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">Favartia collega</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="0A8610DDFFEAE40AFC73F8F4FBF5F88A" author="JANSSEN A. W." box="[971,1140,1825,1849]" page="214" pageId="12" pageNumber="505" year="1984">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEAE40AFC73F8F4FBF5F88A" author="JANSSEN A. W." box="[971,1140,1825,1849]" pageId="12" pageNumber="505" refId="ref45256" refString="JANSSEN A. W. 1984. - Mollusken uit het Mioceen van Winterswijk- Miste. Een inventarisatie, met beschrijvingen en afbeeldingen van alle aangetroffen soorten. K. N. N. V., N. G. V. &amp; R. G. M, Amsterdam, 451 p." type="book" year="1984">Janssen 1984: 214</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 59, fig.7 [
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEAE40AFB4BF8F4FA94F88A" box="[1267,1301,1826,1849]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">non</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEAE40AFAA2F8F4FA21F88A" author="BOETTGER O." box="[1306,1440,1825,1850]" pageId="12" pageNumber="505" pagination="1 - 244" refId="ref43117" refString="BOETTGER O. 1906. - Zur Kenntnis der Fauna der mittelmiocanen Schichten von Kostej im Krasso-Storenyer Komitat III. (Gasteropoden und Anneliden). Verhandlungen und Mitteilungen des Siebenburgischen Vereins fur Naturwissenschaften zu Hermannstat 54 - 55: i-viii, 1 - 244." type="book chapter" year="1906">Boettger,1906</bibRefCitation>
].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEAE40AFC95F885FA96F8D8" blockId="12.[813,1303,1874,1899]" box="[813,1303,1874,1899]" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEAE40AFC95F885FC30F8D8" box="[813,945,1875,1899]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Favartia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="505" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undefined-2">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEAE40AFC95F885FCFCF8D9" box="[813,893,1875,1898]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">Favartia</emphasis>
sp. 2
</taxonomicName>
– Merle
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEAE40AFBB2F885FBB8F8D8" box="[1034,1081,1875,1899]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">et al.</emphasis>
2022: pl. 58, figs 3, 4.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFEAE40BFC95F852FDF4FEB9" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="506" pageId="12" pageNumber="505" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEAE40AFC95F852FBE1F85F" blockId="12.[811,1455,1924,2028]" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFEAE40AFC95F852FBE1F85F" collectionCode="RGM" country="Netherlands" county="Middle Miocene" location="North Sea Basin" municipality="Miste" pageId="12" pageNumber="505" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFEAE40AFC95F852FCDCF829" baselines="1941,1942" box="[813,861,1924,1947]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFEAE40AFCDBF85CFC40F828" baselines="1943" box="[867,961,1930,1947]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="material" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">MATERIAL</smallCapsWord>
. —
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEAE40AFC50F852FB78F82F" bold="true" box="[1000,1273,1924,1948]" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFEAE40AFC50F852FBC8F82F" box="[1000,1097,1924,1948]" pageId="12" pageNumber="505" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFEAE40AFBECF852FB78F82F" box="[1108,1273,1924,1948]" name="Netherlands" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">The Netherlands</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
•
<location id="8EF86017FFEAE40AFAB3F852FA2BF82F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFEAE40BFC49F9AEFD08F85F:8EF86017FFEAE40AFAB3F852FA2BF82F" box="[1291,1450,1924,1948]" country="Netherlands" county="Middle Miocene" municipality="Miste" name="North Sea Basin" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">North Sea Basin</location>
,
<location id="8EF86017FFEAE40AFC93F848FCE5F805" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFEAE40BFC49F9AEFD08F85F:8EF86017FFEAE40AFC93F848FCE5F805" box="[811,868,1950,1974]" country="Netherlands" county="Middle Miocene" municipality="Miste" name="Miste" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">Miste</location>
,
<location id="8EF86017FFEAE40AFCD3F848FC62F805" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFEAE40BFC49F9AEFD08F85F:8EF86017FFEAE40AFCD3F848FC62F805" box="[875,995,1950,1974]" country="Netherlands" county="Middle Miocene" municipality="Miste" name="Winterswijk" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">Winterswijk</location>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCACB6FFEAE40AFC54F848FBA3F805" box="[1004,1058,1950,1974]" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">Miste</collectingMunicipality>
bed;
<collectingCounty id="62F94E40FFEAE40AFBECF848FB70F805" box="[1108,1265,1950,1974]" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">Middle Miocene</collectingCounty>
(middle Langhian);
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFEAE40AFC93F86FFCE7F862" box="[811,870,1977,2001]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/47nz-wbm0" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="12" pageNumber="505" type="Museum">RGM</collectionCode>
.225979 (figured specimen in
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEAE40AFB35F86FFA94F862" author="JANSSEN A. W." box="[1165,1301,1977,2001]" pageId="12" pageNumber="505" refId="ref45256" refString="JANSSEN A. W. 1984. - Mollusken uit het Mioceen van Winterswijk- Miste. Een inventarisatie, met beschrijvingen en afbeeldingen van alle aangetroffen soorten. K. N. N. V., N. G. V. &amp; R. G. M, Amsterdam, 451 p." type="book" year="1984">Janssen [1984</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 59, fig. 7]), H:
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFEAE40AFCF6F805FC29F858" box="[846,936,2003,2027]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="12" pageNumber="505" unit="mm" value="12.5">12.5 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFEAE40AFC0FF805FB9FF858" box="[951,1054,2003,2028]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[132,143,1166,1183]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1122]" captionTargetId="figure-306@12.[698,1267,213,759]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 4. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Favartia jansseni n. sp. (A-D) and Dermomurex (Gracilimurex) ligerianus n. sp. (E-H): A, B, holotype, RGM.225979, Winterswijk, North Sea Basin, The Netherlands, Middle Miocene (Langhian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A77748 (Ledon coll.), Winterswijk; E, F, holotype, MNHN.F.A33456 (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy, Loire Basin, France, Middle Miocene; G, H, paratype, MNHN.F.A33457 (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy. Scale bars: 5 mm. Credits: A, B, R. Pouwer and E. de Vogel (Naturalis Biodiversity Center); C, D, L. Cazes (MNHN/CNRS); E-H, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985768" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985768/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">Figs 4A, B</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFEAE40AFB91F805FBD5F85F" box="[1065,1108,2003,2028]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="44.[132,143,1530,1547]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1484]" captionTargetId="figure-374@44.[700,1257,764,1304]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIG. 25. — New species of Muricopsis Bucquoy &amp; Dautzenberg, 1882, Favartia Jousseaume, 1880, Dermomurex Monterosato, 1890, Trubatsa Dall, 1889 and Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885: A, B, Muricopsis pontileviensis n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A71120 (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy, France, Langhian; B, paratype, MNHN.F.A77743, (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy; C, D, M. neraudeaui n. sp.: C, holotype, MNHN.F.A77746 (Néraudeau sample), Saint-Jacques-de-la-Lande, France, Messinian;D, paratype,MNHN.F.A77747 (Néraudeau sample),Saint-Jacques-de-la-Lande;E, F, Favartia jansseni n. sp.:E, holotype,RGM.225979,Winterswijk,The Netherlands, Langhian; F, paratype,MNHN.F.A77748 (Ledon coll.),Winterswijk;G, H, Dermomurex (Gracilimurex) ligerianus n. sp.: G, holotype,MNHN.F.A33456 (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy; H, paratype, MNHN.F.A33457 (Dollfus coll.); I-K, Trubatsa ganensis n. sp.: I, holotype, MNHN.A90520 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie), France, Ypresian; J, paratype, MNHN.F.A90518 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); K, paratype, MNHN.F.A90517 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); L, T. calviniacensis n. sp., holotype,MNHN.F.A25590 (Pacaud coll.), Cauvigny (Châteaurouge),France, Lutetian; M-O, Timbellus magnificus n. sp.: M, holotype, MNHN.F.A90522 (Pacaud coll.), Baron (Sablière Heudebert), France, Bartonian; N, paratype, MNHN.F.A90525 (Schtrock coll.), Saint-Vaast-lès-Mello (Barisseuse), France, Bartonian; O, paratype, MNHN.F.A90523 (Pacaud coll.), Baron (Sablière Heudebert). Scale bars: A-L, 5 mm; M-O, 20 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985823/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="505">25E</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEBE40BFF3CFF01FDF4FEB9" blockId="13.[132,777,215,266]" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFEBE40BFF3CFF01FDF0FEB9" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Ledon" country="Netherlands" location="The Netherlands" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEBE40BFF3CFF01FE1BFF5C" bold="true" box="[132,410,215,239]" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFEBE40BFF3CFF01FF61FF5C" box="[132,224,215,239]" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFEBE40BFF55FF01FE1BFF5C" box="[237,410,215,239]" name="Netherlands" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">The Netherlands</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• 1 spm; same as for the holotype;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFEBE40BFF3EFF24FF58FEBA" box="[134,217,242,265]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A77748 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFEBE40BFEF2FF27FE0BFEBA" box="[330,394,241,265]" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">Ledon</collectorName>
coll.,
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFEBE40BFE7FFF27FDB4FEBA" box="[455,565,241,265]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[132,143,1166,1183]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1122]" captionTargetId="figure-306@12.[698,1267,213,759]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 4. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Favartia jansseni n. sp. (A-D) and Dermomurex (Gracilimurex) ligerianus n. sp. (E-H): A, B, holotype, RGM.225979, Winterswijk, North Sea Basin, The Netherlands, Middle Miocene (Langhian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A77748 (Ledon coll.), Winterswijk; E, F, holotype, MNHN.F.A33456 (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy, Loire Basin, France, Middle Miocene; G, H, paratype, MNHN.F.A33457 (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy. Scale bars: 5 mm. Credits: A, B, R. Pouwer and E. de Vogel (Naturalis Biodiversity Center); C, D, L. Cazes (MNHN/CNRS); E-H, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985768" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985768/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">Figs 4C, D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFEBE40BFD87FF27FDE8FEB9" box="[575,617,241,266]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="44.[132,143,1530,1547]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1484]" captionTargetId="figure-374@44.[700,1257,764,1304]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIG. 25. — New species of Muricopsis Bucquoy &amp; Dautzenberg, 1882, Favartia Jousseaume, 1880, Dermomurex Monterosato, 1890, Trubatsa Dall, 1889 and Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885: A, B, Muricopsis pontileviensis n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A71120 (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy, France, Langhian; B, paratype, MNHN.F.A77743, (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy; C, D, M. neraudeaui n. sp.: C, holotype, MNHN.F.A77746 (Néraudeau sample), Saint-Jacques-de-la-Lande, France, Messinian;D, paratype,MNHN.F.A77747 (Néraudeau sample),Saint-Jacques-de-la-Lande;E, F, Favartia jansseni n. sp.:E, holotype,RGM.225979,Winterswijk,The Netherlands, Langhian; F, paratype,MNHN.F.A77748 (Ledon coll.),Winterswijk;G, H, Dermomurex (Gracilimurex) ligerianus n. sp.: G, holotype,MNHN.F.A33456 (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy; H, paratype, MNHN.F.A33457 (Dollfus coll.); I-K, Trubatsa ganensis n. sp.: I, holotype, MNHN.A90520 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie), France, Ypresian; J, paratype, MNHN.F.A90518 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); K, paratype, MNHN.F.A90517 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); L, T. calviniacensis n. sp., holotype,MNHN.F.A25590 (Pacaud coll.), Cauvigny (Châteaurouge),France, Lutetian; M-O, Timbellus magnificus n. sp.: M, holotype, MNHN.F.A90522 (Pacaud coll.), Baron (Sablière Heudebert), France, Bartonian; N, paratype, MNHN.F.A90525 (Schtrock coll.), Saint-Vaast-lès-Mello (Barisseuse), France, Bartonian; O, paratype, MNHN.F.A90523 (Pacaud coll.), Baron (Sablière Heudebert). Scale bars: A-L, 5 mm; M-O, 20 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985823/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">25F</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFEBE40BFF3CFEFDFEF0FEEF" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEBE40BFF3CFEFDFEF0FEEF" blockId="13.[131,775,298,348]" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFEBE40BFF3CFEFDFF7FFEF2" baselines="316,317" box="[132,254,299,322]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Etymology" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">ETYMOLOGY</smallCapsWord>
. — Dedicated to Arie W. Janssen for his paleontogical and malacological work.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFEBE40BFF3CFEA8FE3DFDB1" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEBE40BFF3CFEA8FD01FE1C" blockId="13.[131,775,381,432]" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFEBE40BFF3CFEA8FF34FE20" baselines="399,399" box="[132,181,382,405]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFEBE40BFF02FE55FE94FE27" baselines="400" box="[186,277,387,404]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="horizon" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">HORIZON</smallCapsWord>
. — Miste bed, Middle Miocene (middle Langhian), see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEBE40BFF1FFE4EFEB6FE03" author="JANSSEN A. W." box="[167,311,408,432]" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" refId="ref45256" refString="JANSSEN A. W. 1984. - Mollusken uit het Mioceen van Winterswijk- Miste. Een inventarisatie, met beschrijvingen en afbeeldingen van alle aangetroffen soorten. K. N. N. V., N. G. V. &amp; R. G. M, Amsterdam, 451 p." type="book" year="1984">Janssen (1984)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEBE40BFED0FE4EFDFBFE1C" author="SCHNEIDER S. &amp; HEISSIG K." box="[360,634,407,432]" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" pagination="151 - 158" refId="ref48618" refString="SCHNEIDER S. &amp; HEISSIG K. 2005. - An early seal (Mammalia, Pinnipedia) from the Middle Miocene (Langhian) of Miste (The Netherlands). Scripta Geologica 129: 151 - 158." type="journal article" year="2005">Schneider &amp; Heissig (2005)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEBE40BFF3CFE07FE3DFDB1" blockId="13.[132,775,464,515]" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFEBE40BFF3CFE07FF37FE55" baselines="482,482" box="[132,182,465,488]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFEBE40BFF07FE00FE9CFE54" baselines="483" box="[191,285,470,487]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="locality" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">LOCALITY</smallCapsWord>
. —
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFEBE40BFEEFFE06FD82FE5B" box="[343,515,464,488]" name="Netherlands" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">The Netherlands</collectingCountry>
, North Sea Basin, Miste, Winterswijk (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEBE40BFE95FE3DFE2EFDB0" author="JANSSEN A. W." box="[301,431,491,515]" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" refId="ref45256" refString="JANSSEN A. W. 1984. - Mollusken uit het Mioceen van Winterswijk- Miste. Een inventarisatie, met beschrijvingen en afbeeldingen van alle aangetroffen soorten. K. N. N. V., N. G. V. &amp; R. G. M, Amsterdam, 451 p." type="book" year="1984">Janssen 1984</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFEBE40BFF3CFDF2FD19FD88" box="[132,664,547,572]" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEBE40BFF3CFDF2FD19FD88" blockId="13.[132,664,547,572]" box="[132,664,547,572]" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFEBE40BFF3CFDF2FE93FD89" baselines="565,566" box="[132,274,548,571]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Distribution" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
. — Only known from the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFEBE40BFDA4FDF2FDC7FD8F" box="[540,582,548,572]" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFEBE40BFF3CFDA0FD08F85F" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEBE40BFF3CFDA0FE94FD3D" blockId="13.[131,778,630,1293]" box="[132,277,630,656]" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFEBE40BFF3CFDA0FE94FD3D" baselines="649,649" box="[132,277,630,656]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Description" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">DESCRIPTION</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEBE40BFF3CFD40FD3BFABE" blockId="13.[131,778,630,1293]" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">
Protoconch not preserved. Delicate teleoconch up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFEBE40BFF3CFD63FF6EFD63" box="[132,239,693,720]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" unit="mm" value="12.5">12.5 mm</quantity>
in height, up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFEBE40BFE02FD63FD96FD63" box="[442,535,693,720]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
in width, composed of five whorls. Moderately high spire with subangular whorls. Last whorl up to 72% of total length. Apical angle 72° (including spines) and 48° (excluding spines). Spiral sculpture with strong primary cords. From first to fourth whorl: P1 and P2; on fourth whorl, appearance of IP. Fifth whorl: IP and abis, P1 to P5, P6 atrophied (on siphonal canal), ADP and MP present, ABP missing. Surface of P1, P2 and P3 bearing deep spiral grooves. Second whorl: 8-9 varices; from third to fourth whorl: 8 varices; fifth whorl: 6-7 varices. Adapertural face of varices with some imbricated growth lamellae. Axial ornamentation forming short spines on P1 to P5, ADP and MP. Axial microsculpture with small erect lamellae. Suboval aperture up to 29% of diameter and up to 71% of length of last whorl (including siphonal canal). Columellar lip smooth, narrow, erect anteriorly. Outer lip lacking denticles. Siphonal canal open, up to 42% of apertural length and slightly dorsally recurved. Pseudo-umbilicus rather wide.
</paragraph>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEBE40BFF3CFA85FD08F85F" blockId="13.[131,776,1331,2028]" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">
This rare species from the Langhian of Miste (North Sea) was identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEBE40BFE87FAA2FD29FA3E" authority="(Boettger, 1906)" baseAuthorityName="Boettger" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[319,680,1395,1421]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Favartia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="collega">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEBE40BFE87FAA2FE68FA3E" box="[319,489,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">Favartia collega</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEBE40BFE40FAA5FD21FA3E" author="BOETTGER O." box="[504,672,1395,1421]" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" pagination="1 - 244" refId="ref43117" refString="BOETTGER O. 1906. - Zur Kenntnis der Fauna der mittelmiocanen Schichten von Kostej im Krasso-Storenyer Komitat III. (Gasteropoden und Anneliden). Verhandlungen und Mitteilungen des Siebenburgischen Vereins fur Naturwissenschaften zu Hermannstat 54 - 55: i-viii, 1 - 244." type="book chapter" year="1906">Boettger, 1906</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEBE40BFD76FAA2FE81FA1E" author="JANSSEN A. W." pageId="13" pageNumber="506" refId="ref45256" refString="JANSSEN A. W. 1984. - Mollusken uit het Mioceen van Winterswijk- Miste. Een inventarisatie, met beschrijvingen en afbeeldingen van alle aangetroffen soorten. K. N. N. V., N. G. V. &amp; R. G. M, Amsterdam, 451 p." type="book" year="1984">Janssen (1984)</bibRefCitation>
. The
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFEBE40BFEF0FA45FE2CFA1E" box="[328,429,1427,1453]" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEBE40BFE61FA42FDBCFA1E" baseAuthorityName="Boettger" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[473,573,1427,1453]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Favartia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="collega">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEBE40BFE61FA42FDBCFA1E" box="[473,573,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">F. collega</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(SMF
<date id="FF99100CFFEBE40BFD2BFA45FD76FA1D" box="[659,759,1427,1454]" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" value="2258-12">XII2258</date>
a, figured in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEBE40BFEB9FA65FEC5FA7E" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[257,324,1459,1485]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEBE40BFEF4FA62FE05FA7E" box="[332,388,1459,1485]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">et al.</emphasis>
2022: pl. 58, fig. 2) comes from the Langhian of Costeiu de Sus (
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFEBE40BFDABFA05FD03FA5E" box="[531,642,1491,1517]" name="Romania" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">Romania</collectingCountry>
, Paratethys Sea). It differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEBE40BFEDBFA25FE53F9BF" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[355,466,1523,1548]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Favartia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jansseni" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEBE40BFEDBFA25FE53F9BF" box="[355,466,1523,1548]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">F. jansseni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFEBE40BFE61FA25FD94F9BE" box="[473,533,1523,1549]" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by having a slenderer shell, a rounded shoulder sinus in the aperture, and weak internal denticles within the outer lip (D1 to D5). Secondary cords are poorly developed, but the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFEBE40BFD3AF984FD66F9DF" box="[642,743,1618,1644]" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEBE40BFF3EF9A5FF6BF93F" baseAuthorityName="Boettger" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[134,234,1650,1676]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Favartia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="collega">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEBE40BFF3EF9A5FF6BF93F" box="[134,234,1650,1676]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">F. collega</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a juvenile specimen of only
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFEBE40BFDEAF9A4FD2FF93E" box="[594,686,1650,1677]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
height.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEBE40BFF3EF945FEB3F91F" baseAuthorityName="Boettger" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[134,306,1682,1708]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Favartia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="collega">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEBE40BFF3EF945FEB3F91F" box="[134,306,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">Favartia collega</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEBE40BFEDDF945FC86F91E" authority="(Hoernes &amp; Auinger, 1885)" baseAuthorityName="Hoernes &amp; Auinger" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[357,775,1682,1709]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Favartia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="czjzeki">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEBE40BFEDDF945FE49F91F" box="[357,456,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">F. czjzeki</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEBE40BFE61F945FD7EF91E" author="HOERNES R. &amp; AUINGER M." box="[473,767,1682,1709]" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" pagination="193 - 232" refId="ref44867" refString="HOERNES R. &amp; AUINGER M. 1885. - Die Gastropoden der Meeres- Ablagerungen der ersten und zweiten miocanen Mediterran-Stufe in der osterreichisch-ungarischen Monarchie. Abhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koniglichen Geologischen Reichsanstalt 12: 193 - 232. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 39166867" type="journal article" year="1885">Hoërnes &amp; Auinger, 1885</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from the Langhian of
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFEBE40BFE38F964FE53F97F" box="[384,466,1714,1740]" name="Austria" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">Austria</collectingCountry>
(Paratethys Sea) and
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFEBE40BFD70F965FF35F95F" name="Hungary" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">Hungary</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEBE40BFF7EF904FE14F95F" author="KOVACS Z. &amp; HIRMETZL T. &amp; VICIAN Z." box="[198,405,1746,1772]" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" pagination="110 - 133" refId="ref45529" refString="KOVACS Z., HIRMETZL T. &amp; VICIAN Z. 2018. - Miocene Muricidae (Neogastropoda) assemblage from Letkes (Hungary). Bolletino malacologico 54 (2): 110 - 133." type="journal article" year="2018">
Kovács
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEBE40BFEA4F905FED3F95F" box="[284,338,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
) share a slender shell, a rounded shoulder sinus, and a multispiral protoconch (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEBE40BFD38F924FF41F89F" author="KOVACS Z. &amp; HIRMETZL T. &amp; VICIAN Z." pageId="13" pageNumber="506" pagination="110 - 133" refId="ref45529" refString="KOVACS Z., HIRMETZL T. &amp; VICIAN Z. 2018. - Miocene Muricidae (Neogastropoda) assemblage from Letkes (Hungary). Bolletino malacologico 54 (2): 110 - 133." type="journal article" year="2018">
Kovács
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEBE40BFD6BF925FC86F8BF" box="[723,775,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
). The shells of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEBE40BFED2F8C4FE4DF89F" baseAuthorityName="Boettger" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[362,460,1810,1836]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Favartia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="collega">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEBE40BFED2F8C4FE4DF89F" box="[362,460,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">F. collega</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEBE40BFDBDF8C4FDE9F89F" baseAuthorityName="Hoernes &amp; Auinger" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[517,616,1810,1836]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Favartia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="czjzeki">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEBE40BFDBDF8C4FDE9F89F" box="[517,616,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">F. czjzeki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are very similar, and therefore,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEBE40BFEE5F8E4FE40F8F8" baseAuthorityName="Boettger" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[349,449,1841,1867]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Favartia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="collega">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEBE40BFEE5F8E4FE40F8F8" box="[349,449,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">F. collega</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is considered to be a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEBE40BFEA0F884FE01F8D8" baseAuthorityName="Hoernes &amp; Auinger" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[280,384,1873,1899]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Favartia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="czjzeki">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEBE40BFEA0F884FE01F8D8" box="[280,384,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">F. czjzeki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
herein. The
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFEBE40BFDA4F884FDF5F8DF" box="[540,628,1874,1900]" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEBE40BFD27F884FC86F8D8" baseAuthorityName="Hoernes &amp; Auinger" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[671,775,1873,1899]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Favartia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="czjzeki">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEBE40BFD27F884FC86F8D8" box="[671,775,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">F. czjzeki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(NHMW 1855/0045/008 figured in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEBE40BFD81F8A7FDFDF838" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[569,636,1905,1931]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEBE40BFD3BF8A4FD3AF838" box="[643,699,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">et al.</emphasis>
2022: pl. 58, fig. 1) and other adult specimens of this species display the secondary cords (s1, s2, s3 and s5) and weak internal denticles missing in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEBE40BFE6AF804FDC3F858" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[466,578,2002,2027]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Favartia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jansseni" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEBE40BFE6AF804FDC3F858" box="[466,578,2002,2027]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="506">F. jansseni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFEBE40BFDF2F804FD08F85F" box="[586,649,2002,2028]" pageId="13" pageNumber="506" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

97
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<mods:title id="201D9F12210ADFFB7ADC684E7B89492E">New Cenozoic Muricidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Europe</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="42ECCA58EDFCCA7E0D7CBDC940D44A7F">Pacaud, Jean-Michel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A8D0BCC66CFE020C70086DB4B6E9B143">Ledon, Daniel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="0A4984D036D3B22E46540FBC82DCD546">Muséum national d’histoire naturelle, Département Origines et Évolution (CR 2 P - MNHN, CNRS, UPMC, Sorbonne Université), 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) didier. merle @ mnhn. fr (corresponding author) jean-michel. pacaud @ mnhn. fr dnledon @ yahoo. fr</mods:affiliation>
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(
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A-D; 25A, B)
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFECE40CFC95FAA4FC72FA3A" box="[813,1011,1393,1417]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">Muricopsis dujardini</emphasis>
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–
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFECE40CFBA9FAA7FB05FA3A" author="MERLE D." box="[1041,1156,1393,1417]" pageId="10" pageNumber="503" refId="ref46629" refString="MERLE D. 1999. - La radiation des Muricidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) au Paleogene: approche phylogenetique et evolutive. Unpublished PhD thesis, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 499 p." type="book" year="1999">Merle 1999</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 12, fig. D, pl. 13, fig. D, pl. IX, figs 5, 6 [
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFECE40CFC75FA5BFC70FA17" box="[973,1009,1421,1444]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">non</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFECE40CFC4FFA5BFB15FA17" box="[1015,1172,1420,1444]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">Murex dujardini</emphasis>
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].
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– Merle
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFECE40CFBAFFA10FBC5FA6E" box="[1047,1092,1477,1501]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">et al.</emphasis>
2022: 63, 70, fig. 29D; pl. 3, figs 4-6.
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. —
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFECE40CFC57FA29FB1DF9A4" bold="true" box="[1007,1180,1535,1559]" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFECE40CFC57FA29FBD1F9A4" box="[1007,1104,1535,1559]" pageId="10" pageNumber="503" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFECE40CFBE2FA29FB1DF9A4" box="[1114,1180,1535,1559]" name="France" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
•
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFECE40CFB0AFA29FB64F9A4" box="[1202,1253,1535,1559]" country="France" name="Pays de la Loire" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">Loire</collectingRegion>
<collectingCounty id="62F94E40FFECE40CFB54FA29FAA5F9A4" box="[1260,1316,1535,1559]" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">Basin</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCACB6FFECE40CFA96FA29FA2DF9A4" box="[1326,1452,1535,1559]" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">Loir-et-Cher</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EF86017FFECE40CFC95F9CFFC10F982" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFECE40DFEA7F8A7FD4FF85F:8EF86017FFECE40CFC95F9CFFC10F982" box="[813,913,1561,1585]" country="France" county="Basin" municipality="Loir-et-Cher" name="Pontlevoy" pageId="10" pageNumber="503" stateProvince="Pays de la Loire">Pontlevoy</location>
;
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFECE40CFC24F9CFFBC9F982" box="[924,1096,1561,1585]" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">
<location id="8EF86017FFECE40CFC24F9CFFBC9F982" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFECE40DFEA7F8A7FD4FF85F:8EF86017FFECE40CFC24F9CFFBC9F982" box="[924,1096,1561,1585]" country="France" county="Basin" municipality="Loir-et-Cher" name="Faluns du Blesois" pageId="10" pageNumber="503" stateProvince="Pays de la Loire">Faluns du Blésois</location>
</collectorName>
(mammal biozone MN5b);
<location id="8EF86017FFECE40CFAD0F9CFFC02F9FF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFECE40DFEA7F8A7FD4FF85F:8EF86017FFECE40CFAD0F9CFFC02F9FF" country="France" county="Basin" municipality="Loir-et-Cher" name="Middle Miocene" pageId="10" pageNumber="503" stateProvince="Pays de la Loire">Middle Miocene</location>
(base of the
<location id="8EF86017FFECE40CFC41F9E2FBD9F9FF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFECE40DFEA7F8A7FD4FF85F:8EF86017FFECE40CFC41F9E2FBD9F9FF" box="[1017,1112,1588,1612]" country="France" county="Basin" municipality="Loir-et-Cher" name="Langhian" pageId="10" pageNumber="503" stateProvince="Pays de la Loire">Langhian</location>
);
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFECE40CFBDCF9E2FB39F9F8" box="[1124,1208,1588,1611]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A71120 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFECE40CFA91F9E2FAF2F9FF" box="[1321,1395,1588,1612]" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">Dollfus</collectorName>
coll.), figured specimen in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFECE40CFC43F998FBB4F9D5" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1019,1077,1614,1638]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFECE40CFB82F999FBEAF9D5" box="[1082,1131,1614,1638]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">et al.</emphasis>
(2022: pl. 3, fig. 4), H:
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFECE40CFADEF998FA2EF9D5" box="[1382,1455,1614,1638]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="10" pageNumber="503" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFECE40CFC8DF9BEFC1DF933" box="[821,924,1640,1665]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1259,1276]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1216]" captionTargetId="figure-428@10.[698,1267,213,761]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 3. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Muricopsis pontileviensis n. sp.(A-D) and M. neraudeaui n. sp. (E-H): A, B, holotype,MNHN.F.A71120 (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy,Loire-et-Cher,Loire Basin,France,Middle Miocene (Langhian);C, D, paratype,MNHN.F.A77743, (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy;E, F, holotype, MNHN.F.A77746 (Néraudeau sample),Saint-Jacques-de-la-Lande (Ille-et-Vilaine),Rennes basin,France,Late Miocene (Messinian);G, H, paratype,MNHN.F.A77747 (Néraudeau sample), Saint-Jacques-de-la-Lande. Scale bars: 5 mm. Credits: A-D, D. Lamy; G, H, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985766" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985766/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">Figs 3A, B</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFECE40CFC1FF9BEFC55F932" box="[935,980,1640,1665]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="44.[132,143,1530,1547]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1484]" captionTargetId="figure-374@44.[700,1257,764,1304]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIG. 25. — New species of Muricopsis Bucquoy &amp; Dautzenberg, 1882, Favartia Jousseaume, 1880, Dermomurex Monterosato, 1890, Trubatsa Dall, 1889 and Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885: A, B, Muricopsis pontileviensis n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A71120 (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy, France, Langhian; B, paratype, MNHN.F.A77743, (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy; C, D, M. neraudeaui n. sp.: C, holotype, MNHN.F.A77746 (Néraudeau sample), Saint-Jacques-de-la-Lande, France, Messinian;D, paratype,MNHN.F.A77747 (Néraudeau sample),Saint-Jacques-de-la-Lande;E, F, Favartia jansseni n. sp.:E, holotype,RGM.225979,Winterswijk,The Netherlands, Langhian; F, paratype,MNHN.F.A77748 (Ledon coll.),Winterswijk;G, H, Dermomurex (Gracilimurex) ligerianus n. sp.: G, holotype,MNHN.F.A33456 (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy; H, paratype, MNHN.F.A33457 (Dollfus coll.); I-K, Trubatsa ganensis n. sp.: I, holotype, MNHN.A90520 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie), France, Ypresian; J, paratype, MNHN.F.A90518 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); K, paratype, MNHN.F.A90517 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); L, T. calviniacensis n. sp., holotype,MNHN.F.A25590 (Pacaud coll.), Cauvigny (Châteaurouge),France, Lutetian; M-O, Timbellus magnificus n. sp.: M, holotype, MNHN.F.A90522 (Pacaud coll.), Baron (Sablière Heudebert), France, Bartonian; N, paratype, MNHN.F.A90525 (Schtrock coll.), Saint-Vaast-lès-Mello (Barisseuse), France, Bartonian; O, paratype, MNHN.F.A90523 (Pacaud coll.), Baron (Sablière Heudebert). Scale bars: A-L, 5 mm; M-O, 20 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985823/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">25A</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFECE40CFC95F95BFAB5F8F0" blockId="10.[811,1456,1535,1859]" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFECE40CFC95F95BFBD5F917" box="[813,1108,1677,1701]" country="France" location="France" pageId="10" pageNumber="503" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFECE40CFC95F95BFC6CF916" bold="true" box="[813,1005,1677,1701]" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFECE40CFC95F95BFC19F916" box="[813,920,1677,1701]" pageId="10" pageNumber="503" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFECE40CFC1EF95BFC6CF916" box="[934,1005,1677,1701]" name="France" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• 1 spm
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFECE40CFBDAF95BFA2AF916" box="[1122,1451,1677,1701]" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Faluns du Blesois &amp; Dollfus" country="France" county="Basin" location="Pontlevoy" municipality="Loir-et-Cher" pageId="10" pageNumber="503" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pays de la Loire" typeStatus="paratype">same data as for the holotype</materialsCitation>
;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFECE40CFC95F97EFC01F90C" box="[813,896,1704,1727]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A71122, figured specimen inMerle
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFECE40CFB50F97EFA95F90C" box="[1256,1300,1703,1727]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">et al.</emphasis>
(2022: pl. 3, fig. 5) • 11 spm;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFECE40CFC1CF914FC59F969" box="[932,984,1730,1754]" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Faluns du Blesois &amp; Dollfus" country="France" county="Basin" location="Pontlevoy" municipality="Loir-et-Cher" pageId="10" pageNumber="503" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pays de la Loire" typeStatus="paratype">idem</materialsCitation>
;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFECE40CFC65F914FBB0F96A" box="[989,1073,1730,1753]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A77742 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFECE40CFB18F914FB6BF969" box="[1184,1258,1730,1754]" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">Dollfus</collectorName>
coll.) • 1 spm;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFECE40CFAC0F914FA2DF969" box="[1400,1452,1730,1754]" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Faluns du Blesois &amp; Dollfus" country="France" county="Basin" location="Pontlevoy" municipality="Loir-et-Cher" pageId="10" pageNumber="503" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pays de la Loire" typeStatus="paratype">idem</materialsCitation>
;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFECE40CFC93F90BFC01F947" box="[811,896,1757,1780]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A77743 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFECE40CFC4CF90AFBBFF947" box="[1012,1086,1756,1780]" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">Dollfus</collectorName>
coll.,
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFECE40CFBC5F90AFB6DF947" box="[1149,1260,1756,1780]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1259,1276]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1216]" captionTargetId="figure-428@10.[698,1267,213,761]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 3. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Muricopsis pontileviensis n. sp.(A-D) and M. neraudeaui n. sp. (E-H): A, B, holotype,MNHN.F.A71120 (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy,Loire-et-Cher,Loire Basin,France,Middle Miocene (Langhian);C, D, paratype,MNHN.F.A77743, (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy;E, F, holotype, MNHN.F.A77746 (Néraudeau sample),Saint-Jacques-de-la-Lande (Ille-et-Vilaine),Rennes basin,France,Late Miocene (Messinian);G, H, paratype,MNHN.F.A77747 (Néraudeau sample), Saint-Jacques-de-la-Lande. Scale bars: 5 mm. Credits: A-D, D. Lamy; G, H, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985766" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985766/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">Figs 3C, D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFECE40CFB41F90AFAA0F947" box="[1273,1313,1756,1780]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="44.[132,143,1530,1547]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1484]" captionTargetId="figure-374@44.[700,1257,764,1304]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIG. 25. — New species of Muricopsis Bucquoy &amp; Dautzenberg, 1882, Favartia Jousseaume, 1880, Dermomurex Monterosato, 1890, Trubatsa Dall, 1889 and Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885: A, B, Muricopsis pontileviensis n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A71120 (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy, France, Langhian; B, paratype, MNHN.F.A77743, (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy; C, D, M. neraudeaui n. sp.: C, holotype, MNHN.F.A77746 (Néraudeau sample), Saint-Jacques-de-la-Lande, France, Messinian;D, paratype,MNHN.F.A77747 (Néraudeau sample),Saint-Jacques-de-la-Lande;E, F, Favartia jansseni n. sp.:E, holotype,RGM.225979,Winterswijk,The Netherlands, Langhian; F, paratype,MNHN.F.A77748 (Ledon coll.),Winterswijk;G, H, Dermomurex (Gracilimurex) ligerianus n. sp.: G, holotype,MNHN.F.A33456 (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy; H, paratype, MNHN.F.A33457 (Dollfus coll.); I-K, Trubatsa ganensis n. sp.: I, holotype, MNHN.A90520 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie), France, Ypresian; J, paratype, MNHN.F.A90518 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); K, paratype, MNHN.F.A90517 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); L, T. calviniacensis n. sp., holotype,MNHN.F.A25590 (Pacaud coll.), Cauvigny (Châteaurouge),France, Lutetian; M-O, Timbellus magnificus n. sp.: M, holotype, MNHN.F.A90522 (Pacaud coll.), Baron (Sablière Heudebert), France, Bartonian; N, paratype, MNHN.F.A90525 (Schtrock coll.), Saint-Vaast-lès-Mello (Barisseuse), France, Bartonian; O, paratype, MNHN.F.A90523 (Pacaud coll.), Baron (Sablière Heudebert). Scale bars: A-L, 5 mm; M-O, 20 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985823/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">25B</figureCitation>
) • spm;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFECE40CFACFF90AFA2AF947" box="[1399,1451,1756,1780]" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Faluns du Blesois &amp; Dollfus" country="France" county="Basin" location="Pontlevoy" municipality="Loir-et-Cher" pageId="10" pageNumber="503" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pays de la Loire" typeStatus="paratype">idem</materialsCitation>
;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFECE40CFC96F921FCFEF8BD" box="[814,895,1783,1806]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.B26846 (
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFECE40CFC52F921FBBDF8BC" box="[1002,1084,1783,1807]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">MNHN</collectionCode>
coll.) • 5 spm;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFECE40CFB7BF921FB74F8BC" box="[1219,1269,1783,1807]" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Faluns du Blesois &amp; Dollfus" country="France" county="Basin" location="Pontlevoy" municipality="Loir-et-Cher" pageId="10" pageNumber="503" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pays de la Loire" typeStatus="paratype">idem</materialsCitation>
;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFECE40CFB43F921FACCF8BD" box="[1275,1357,1783,1806]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A77744 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFECE40CFC8BF8C7FC0FF89A" box="[819,910,1809,1833]" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">Lhomme</collectorName>
coll.); • 2 spm;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFECE40CFB9AF8C7FCF1F8F0" collectorName="Paulmy &amp; Pauvrelay" country="France" location="Basin" pageId="10" pageNumber="503" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pays de la Loire" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFECE40CFB9AF8C7FBD4F89A" box="[1058,1109,1809,1833]" country="France" name="Pays de la Loire" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">Loire</collectingRegion>
<location id="8EF86017FFECE40CFBE2F8C7FB13F89A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFECE40DFEA7F8A7FD4FF85F:8EF86017FFECE40CFBE2F8C7FB13F89A" box="[1114,1170,1809,1833]" country="France" name="Basin" pageId="10" pageNumber="503" stateProvince="Pays de la Loire">Basin</location>
, Indre-et-Loire,
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFECE40CFA96F8C7FAF6F89A" box="[1326,1399,1809,1833]" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">Paulmy</collectorName>
(
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFECE40CFA3AF8C7FCEBF8F0" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">Pauvrelay</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFECE40CFCC2F8FDFC2FF8F0" box="[890,942,1835,1859]" collectorName="Paulmy &amp; Pauvrelay" country="France" location="Basin" pageId="10" pageNumber="503" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pays de la Loire" typeStatus="paratype">idem</materialsCitation>
;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFECE40CFC00F8FAFB8CF8F0" box="[952,1037,1836,1859]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A77745 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFECE40CFBC6F8FDFB74F8F0" box="[1150,1269,1835,1859]" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">Faullummel</collectorName>
coll.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFECE40CFC95F8B3FC13F824" pageId="10" pageNumber="503" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFECE40CFC95F8B3FC13F824" blockId="10.[812,1456,1893,1943]" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">
ETYMOLOGY. — The name
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFECE40CFB80F8B3FB32F8CE" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1080,1203,1893,1917]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Muricopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="503" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pontileviensis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFECE40CFB80F8B3FB32F8CE" box="[1080,1203,1893,1917]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">pontileviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
refers to the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFECE40CFA8AF8B3FADDF8CE" box="[1330,1372,1893,1917]" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">type</typeStatus>
locality: Pontlevoy.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFECE40DFC95F86FFEF8FEBA" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="504" pageId="10" pageNumber="503" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFECE40CFC95F86FFAEBF858" blockId="10.[811,1455,1977,2027]" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFECE40CFC95F86FFCDCF87C" baselines="1994,1995" box="[813,861,1977,2000]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFECE40CFCDAF868FC3DF87C" baselines="1995" box="[866,956,1982,1999]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="horizon" pageId="10" pageNumber="503">HORIZON</smallCapsWord>
. — Faluns du Blésois (mammal biozone MN5b), see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFECE40CFC93F805FC51F858" author="GINSBURG L." box="[811,976,2003,2027]" pageId="10" pageNumber="503" pagination="3 - 16" refId="ref44603" refString="GINSBURG L. 2000. - Chronologie des depots miocenes du Blesois a la Bretagne. Symbioses 2: 3 - 16." type="journal article" year="2000">Ginsburg (2000)</bibRefCitation>
, Middle Miocene (base of the Langhian).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEDE40DFF3CFF0EFEF8FEBA" blockId="11.[132,775,215,266]" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFEDE40DFF3CFF0EFF34FF5E" baselines="233,233" box="[132,181,216,239]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFEDE40DFF05FF0BFE99FF5D" baselines="234" box="[189,280,221,238]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="locality" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">LOCALITY</smallCapsWord>
. —
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFEDE40DFEE8FF0EFE15FF5C" box="[336,404,216,239]" name="France" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">France</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFEDE40DFE27FF01FE53FF5C" box="[415,466,215,239]" country="France" name="Pays de la Loire" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">Loire</collectingRegion>
Basin, Loir-et-Cher, Pontlevoy (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEDE40DFF17FF24FEEDFEB9" author="MACAIRE J. - J. &amp; LE DOUSSAL C. &amp; HINSSCHBERGER F. &amp; BREHERET J. - G. &amp; SEN S." box="[175,364,242,266]" pageId="11" pageNumber="504" pagination="34 - 59" refId="ref46198" refString="MACAIRE J. - J., LE DOUSSAL C., HINSSCHBERGER F., BREHERET J. - G. &amp; SEN S. 2020. - La reserve naturelle regionale geologique de Pontlevoy (Loir-et-Cher, France): presentation et nouvelles donnees sur les formations miocenes au sud de Blois. Bulletin d'Informations des Geologues du Bassin de Paris 57 (2): 34 - 59." type="journal article" year="2020">
Macaire
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEDE40DFEBBFF25FEB3FEB9" box="[259,306,242,266]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFEDE40DFF3CFEF4FED3FEE7" pageId="11" pageNumber="504" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEDE40DFF3CFEF4FED3FEE7" blockId="11.[131,774,290,340]" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">
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. —
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFEDE40DFE84FEF4FEEEFE89" box="[316,367,290,314]" country="France" name="Pays de la Loire" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">Loire</collectingRegion>
Basin (
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFEDE40DFE0EFEF4FE7DFE89" box="[438,508,290,314]" name="France" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">France</collectingCountry>
), Faluns du Blésois, Middle Miocene (Langhian).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFEDE40DFF3CFEA1FD4FF85F" pageId="11" pageNumber="504" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEDE40DFF3CFEA1FE94FE3C" blockId="11.[130,777,375,1358]" box="[132,277,375,401]" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFEDE40DFF3CFEA1FE94FE3C" baselines="394,394" box="[132,277,375,401]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Description" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">DESCRIPTION</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
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Paucispiral and rounded protoconch of 1.5 whorls.Teleoconch up to
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in height, up to
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in width, biconic in profile, composed of six whorls. Moderately high spire with subcarinate whorls. Last whorl up to 67.7% of total length. Apical angle 42°. Spiral sculpture with marked primary cords. First whorl: appearance of P1 and P2 (P2 more developed than P1) at beginning of whorl and appearance of IP on second half of whorl; second to fifth-sixth whorl: no change, but sometimes s3 placed slightly above suture. Sixth whorl: IP (sutural ramp), P1 to P5 (convex part of whorl, P6 atrophied (on siphonal canal), ADP and MP well developed, ABP poorly developed. Secondary cords s1, s4, s5 and s6 appear between end of fourth whorl and fifth whorl; s2 and s3 appear earlier. On first whorl: 14 varices; from second to fourth whorl: 10-12 varices; from fifth to sixth whorl: 10-11 varices. On spire axial ornamentation forming small nodules placed on IP, P1 and P2. P1 and P2 nodules more developed than IP. On convex part of last whorl, P1 to P4 nodules more or less equally developed; P5 slightly more developed; on siphonal canal, P6 not atrophied, ADP and MP more developed than ABP when present. Ovate aperture up to 42% of diameter and up to 70% of length of last whorl (including siphonal canal). Columellar lip narrow, entirely adherent, bearing two weak tubercles anteriorly. No anal sulcus, no parietal callus. Outer lip with strong internal denticles. Series of denticles including: ID, D2 to D5. D1 missing. D2 stronger than other denticles. Outer lip not crenulate. Siphonal canal open, up to 33% of apertural length and slightly dorsally recurved. Pseudoumbilicus narrow.
</paragraph>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEDE40DFF3CFA45FD4FF85F" blockId="11.[130,777,1395,2028]" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">
This species is comparable to
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEDE40DFE0CFA42FF45FA7E" authority="(Benoist, 1880)" baseAuthorityName="Benoist" baseAuthorityYear="1880" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Muricopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="504" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crassicostata">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEDE40DFE0CFA42FD21FA1E" box="[436,672,1428,1453]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">Muricopsis crassicostata</emphasis>
(Benoist, 1880)
</taxonomicName>
from the late Oligocene/Early Miocene of
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFEDE40DFD23FA65FC84FA7E" box="[667,773,1459,1485]" country="France" name="Aquitaine" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">Aquitaine</collectingRegion>
Basin (
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFEDE40DFF75FA05FE99FA5E" box="[205,280,1491,1517]" name="France" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">France</collectingCountry>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEDE40DFEE8FA02FDE9FA5E" authority="Peyrot, 1938" authorityName="Peyrot" authorityYear="1938" box="[336,616,1491,1517]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="504" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEDE40DFEE8FA02FE59FA5E" box="[336,472,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">M. dujardini</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEDE40DFE67FA05FDE9FA5E" author="PEYROT A." box="[479,616,1491,1517]" pageId="11" pageNumber="504" pagination="1 - 361" refId="ref48297" refString="PEYROT A. 1938. - Les mollusques testaces univalves des depots helvetiens du Bassin Ligerien. Catalogue critique, descriptif et illustre. Actes de la Societe linneenne de Bordeaux 89 (Supplement): 1 - 361. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 55709233" type="journal article" year="1938">Peyrot, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from the Middle Miocene of
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFEDE40DFE96FA25FEE7F9BE" box="[302,358,1523,1549]" country="France" name="Pays de la Loire" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">Loire</collectingRegion>
Basin (
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFEDE40DFE0FFA25FD84F9BE" box="[439,517,1523,1549]" name="France" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">France</collectingCountry>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEDE40DFDAFFA25FC86F9BF" baseAuthorityName="Benoist" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[535,775,1523,1548]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Muricopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="504" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crassicostata">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEDE40DFDAFFA25FC86F9BF" box="[535,775,1523,1548]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">Muricopsis crassicostata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clearly differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEDE40DFEDAF9C5FD97F99F" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[354,534,1554,1580]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Muricopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="504" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pontileviensis" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEDE40DFEDAF9C5FD97F99F" box="[354,534,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">M. pontileviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFEDE40DFDA5F9C5FDDAF99E" box="[541,603,1555,1581]" pageId="11" pageNumber="504" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in being larger (
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFEDE40DFF37F9E5FE84F9FE" box="[143,261,1587,1613]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="11" pageNumber="504" unit="mm" value="21.0" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="19.0">19-23 mm</quantity>
for 6-7 whorls vs 12-14 for 5.5-6 whorls) and having a multispiral protoconch of three convex whorls (for more comparative details, see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEDE40DFE6DF9A4FD12F93F" author="MERLE D." box="[469,659,1650,1677]" pageId="11" pageNumber="504" refId="ref46629" refString="MERLE D. 1999. - La radiation des Muricidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) au Paleogene: approche phylogenetique et evolutive. Unpublished PhD thesis, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 499 p." type="book" year="1999">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEDE40DFE6DF9A4FD94F93F" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[469,533,1650,1676]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
1999: 348
</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 115).
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEDE40DFF3EF945FEE1F91F" authorityName="Peyrot" authorityYear="1938" box="[134,352,1682,1708]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Muricopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="504" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEDE40DFF3EF945FEE1F91F" box="[134,352,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">Muricopsis dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEDE40DFE2FF945FDC7F91F" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[407,582,1682,1708]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Muricopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="504" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pontileviensis" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEDE40DFE2FF945FDC7F91F" box="[407,582,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">M. pontileviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFEDE40DFDF5F945FD08F91E" box="[589,649,1683,1709]" pageId="11" pageNumber="504" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
both occur at Pontlevoy. Specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEDE40DFE00F965FDC4F97F" authorityName="Peyrot" authorityYear="1938" box="[440,581,1714,1740]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Muricopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="504" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEDE40DFE00F965FDC4F97F" box="[440,581,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">M. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are larger (
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for 6-6.5 whorls), but they are mainly distinguishing from
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEDE40DFF78F925FEEFF8BF" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[192,366,1778,1804]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Muricopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="504" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pontileviensis" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEDE40DFF78F925FEEFF8BF" box="[192,366,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">M. pontileviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFEDE40DFECCF924FE2EF8BF" box="[372,431,1778,1804]" pageId="11" pageNumber="504" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by having short spines on P1 to P
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which P3 is atrophied and by having stronger denticles within the outer lip.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEDE40DFEE0F8E4FDD1F8F8" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[344,592,1841,1867]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Muricopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="504" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pontileviensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEDE40DFEE0F8E4FDD1F8F8" box="[344,592,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">Muricopsis pontileviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFEDE40DFDEEF8E4FD0FF8FF" box="[598,654,1842,1868]" pageId="11" pageNumber="504" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
never bears spines.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEDE40DFF69F887FEDCF8DF" author="MERLE D." box="[209,349,1873,1900]" pageId="11" pageNumber="504" refId="ref46629" refString="MERLE D. 1999. - La radiation des Muricidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) au Paleogene: approche phylogenetique et evolutive. Unpublished PhD thesis, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 499 p." type="book" year="1999">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEDE40DFF69F887FE91F8D8" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[209,272,1873,1899]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
(1999)
</bibRefCitation>
wrongly attributed studied specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEDE40DFF3AF8A4FEB1F838" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[130,304,1905,1931]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Muricopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="504" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pontileviensis" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEDE40DFF3AF8A4FEB1F838" box="[130,304,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">M. pontileviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFEDE40DFE81F8A4FEF5F83F" box="[313,372,1906,1932]" pageId="11" pageNumber="504" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
to
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEDE40DFE2EF8A4FD9EF838" authorityName="Peyrot" authorityYear="1938" box="[406,543,1905,1931]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Muricopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="504" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEDE40DFE2EF8A4FD9EF838" box="[406,543,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">M. dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however, he demonstrated that they display a paedomorphic shape (particularly because of the post-displacement of the secondary cords s1, s4 and s6) compared to larger shells as
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEDE40DFD9FF804FD46F858" baseAuthorityName="Benoist" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[551,711,2002,2027]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Muricopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="504" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crassicostata">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEDE40DFD9FF804FD46F858" box="[551,711,2002,2027]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="504">M. crassicostata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="ACBF74D749A82FCAF0BD13C4BF71618D">Geodiversitas</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="CF7BCEF7B73AC09C39B9E799D0DB31E6">
<mods:date id="CFF81C8EC2CAAD5A42BE21FAB303166F">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="CC3A78E21136D4D5F8C2AD50ED2DE29D" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="7050C4ABE360068677FD32364492902D">2024-10-24</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="D344567962255E8CB0D0779405E600A0" type="volume">
<mods:number id="165FD6D2D85AE8287B8384A7D9906A5D">46</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="F6EDBDE8B8D7C3612335F25E30BED8BC" type="issue">
<mods:number id="E5304DAD6534DEE947F754380C61347B">15</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="8B29D7680CAED2D0F40E17DFB3BC8550" unit="page">
<mods:start id="7FCD1FB7F6CA983CD3981295AAE2CC99">495</mods:start>
<mods:end id="03BD4357BA617E7E0A57D8349BE0A6B6">551</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
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<mods:location id="FB97082E0F31F29BF172C1F55B4F9771">
<mods:url id="C10D516695BBCE58C73914308B9E158A">https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/g2024v46a15.pdf</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="A69E359C263B29C942D6FD6AC26F14F7">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="B2DB8211016A2170532006D07A5FBA59" type="DOI">10.5252/geodiversitas2024v46a15</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="616687339BAE53E0414254DE9EA79F85" type="ISSN">1638-9395</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C6CC47F8B919C23FE5272807CF74B3B1" type="Zenodo-Dep">13985760</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFEFE40FFF10F8C2FD89F8FF" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEFE40FFF10F8C2FD89F8FF" blockId="9.[168,740,1810,1869]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEFE40FFF10F8C2FDF6F89E" authority="(Deshayes, 1835)" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[168,631,1810,1838]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Paleochicoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bicostatus" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEFE40FFF10F8C2FE32F89D" bold="true" box="[168,435,1812,1838]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">Paleochicoreus bicostatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEFE40FFE79F8C4FDEEF89E" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[449,623,1810,1837]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" pagination="79 - 106" refId="ref43930" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1835. - Description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris. Tome 2. Livraisons 40 - 45, l'auteur, Bechet Jeune, Baudouin freres, Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris: 499 - 780; Atlas 2, Levrault, Paris: pl. 79 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 52303" type="book chapter" year="1835">Deshayes, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFEFE40FFD3BF8C5FD65F89F" box="[643,740,1810,1837]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFEFE40FFE35F8E4FD81F8FF" box="[397,512,1842,1869]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1516,1533]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1472]" captionTargetId="figure-286@8.[698,1267,753,1294]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 2. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Paleochicoreus Merle, n. gen.: A, B, Paleoochicoreus initialis (Vokes, 1990), n. comb., holotype, USNM450376, Nacodoches, Texas (United States), middle Eocene (Lutetian); C, P. newtoni (Eames, 1957), holotype, BMNH G41982, Ombralla, Nigeria, middle Eocene;D, E, P. bicostatus (Deshayes,1835), n. comb., holotype, UCBL-EM 33437 (Deshayes coll.), Valmondois,Val d’Oise, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian). Scale bars: 10 mm. Credits: A, B, Y. Villacampa and J. Jorstad (USNM); C, S. Tracey (NHM); D, E, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985764" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985764/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">Fig. 2D, E</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFEFE40FFF3CF8B9FD5AF858" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEFE40FFF3CF8B9FC86F835" blockId="9.[132,775,1902,1926]" box="[132,775,1902,1926]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3711E2FFEFE40FFF3CF8B9FC86F835" box="[132,775,1902,1926]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">
<treatmentCitation id="0A8610DDFFEFE40FFF3CF8B9FE65F835" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[132,484,1902,1926]" page="602" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" year="1835">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEFE40FFF3CF8B9FE65F835" ID-CoL="8ZFZB" authority="Deshayes, 1835: 602" authorityName="Deshayes" authorityPageNumber="602" authorityYear="1835" box="[132,484,1902,1926]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bicostatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEFE40FFF3CF8B9FE9AF835" box="[132,283,1902,1926]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">Murex bicostatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEFE40FFEA7F8B8FE65F835" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[287,484,1902,1926]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" pagination="79 - 106" refId="ref43930" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1835. - Description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris. Tome 2. Livraisons 40 - 45, l'auteur, Bechet Jeune, Baudouin freres, Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris: 499 - 780; Atlas 2, Levrault, Paris: pl. 79 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 52303" type="book chapter" year="1835">Deshayes,1835: 602</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, 603, no. 17, pl. 81, figs 28-30.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEFE40FFF3CF877FE7CF80A" blockId="9.[132,509,1953,1977]" box="[132,509,1953,1977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3711E2FFEFE40FFF3CF877FE7CF80A" box="[132,509,1953,1977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEFE40FFF3CF877FEC4F80A" box="[132,325,1953,1977]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bicostatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEFE40FFF3CF877FEC4F80A" box="[132,325,1953,1977]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">Pterynotus bicostatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="0A8610DDFFEFE40FFEE6F877FE78F80A" author="VOKES E. H." box="[350,505,1953,1977]" page="23" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" year="1971">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEFE40FFEE6F877FE78F80A" author="VOKES E. H." box="[350,505,1953,1977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" pagination="1 - 141" refId="ref48907" refString="VOKES E. H. 1971. - Catalogue of the genus Murex Linne (Mollusca: Gastropoda); Muricinae, Ocenebrinae. Bulletins of American Paleontology 61 (268): 1 - 141." type="journal article" year="1971">Vokes 1971: 23</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEFE40FFF3CF805FD5AF858" blockId="9.[132,731,2003,2027]" box="[132,731,2003,2027]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3711E2FFEFE40FFF3CF805FD5AF858" box="[132,731,2003,2027]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">
?
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEFE40FFF34F805FEC7F858" box="[140,326,2003,2027]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Chicoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bicostatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEFE40FFF34F805FEC7F858" box="[140,326,2003,2027]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">Chicoreus bicostatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="0A8610DDFFEFE40FFED8F805FDBAF858" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[352,571,2003,2027]" page="107" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEFE40FFED8F805FDBAF858" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[352,571,2003,2027]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
Merle
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEFE40FFE27F802FE4FF858" box="[415,462,2003,2027]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">et al.</emphasis>
2011: 107
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, text-fig. 41a, b.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFEFE40FFC95FF0EFB87FE60" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEFE40FFC95FF0EFB43FE8C" blockId="9.[811,1456,215,319]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFEFE40FFC95FF0EFB43FE8C" collectorName="Deshayes" country="France" county="lower Bartonian" location="Paris Basin" municipality="Eocene" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" specimenCode="UCBL-EM 33437" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFEFE40FFC95FF0EFCDCFF5E" baselines="233,233" box="[813,861,216,239]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFEFE40FFCDAFF0BFC41FF5D" baselines="234" box="[866,960,221,238]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="material" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">MATERIAL</smallCapsWord>
. —
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEFE40FFC50FF0EFAACFF43" bold="true" box="[1000,1325,216,241]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFEFE40FFC50FF0EFBC6FF43" box="[1000,1095,216,240]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(by monotypy).
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFEFE40FFB53FF0EFAACFF43" box="[1259,1325,216,240]" name="France" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
•
<location id="8EF86017FFEFE40FFAF9FF01FA2DFF5C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFEFE40FFF10F8C2FB2CF85F:8EF86017FFEFE40FFAF9FF01FA2DFF5C" box="[1345,1452,215,239]" country="France" county="lower Bartonian" municipality="Eocene" name="Paris Basin" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">Paris Basin</location>
,
<location id="8EF86017FFEFE40FFC93FF24FC12FEB9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFEFE40FFF10F8C2FB2CF85F:8EF86017FFEFE40FFC93FF24FC12FEB9" box="[811,915,242,266]" country="France" county="lower Bartonian" municipality="Eocene" name="Val d'Oise" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">Val d’Oise</location>
,
<location id="8EF86017FFEFE40FFC25FF24FB94FEB9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFEFE40FFF10F8C2FB2CF85F:8EF86017FFEFE40FFC25FF24FB94FEB9" box="[925,1045,242,266]" country="France" county="lower Bartonian" municipality="Eocene" name="Valmondois" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">Valmondois</location>
;
<location id="8EF86017FFEFE40FFB98FF24FB37FEB9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFEFE40FFF10F8C2FB2CF85F:8EF86017FFEFE40FFB98FF24FB37FEB9" box="[1056,1206,242,266]" country="France" county="lower Bartonian" municipality="Eocene" name="Sables d'Auvers" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">Sables d’Auvers</location>
(biozone NP16); middle
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCACB6FFEFE40FFC95FEDBFCF2FE97" box="[813,883,269,292]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">Eocene</collectingMunicipality>
(
<collectingCounty id="62F94E40FFEFE40FFC38FEDAFBA3FE97" box="[896,1058,268,292]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">lower Bartonian</collectingCounty>
);
<specimenCode id="DB819EB7FFEFE40FFB8BFEDBFB69FE96" box="[1075,1256,269,293]" collectionCode="UCBL-EM" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">UCBL-EM 33437</specimenCode>
(
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFEFE40FFB4DFEDAFAD0FE97" box="[1269,1361,268,292]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">Deshayes</collectorName>
coll.); H:
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFEFE40FFC94FEF1FC06FE8D" box="[812,903,295,319]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" unit="mm" value="21.5">21.5 mm</quantity>
(apex incomplete) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFEFE40FFBF4FEF1FB37FE8C" box="[1100,1206,295,319]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1516,1533]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1472]" captionTargetId="figure-286@8.[698,1267,753,1294]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 2. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Paleochicoreus Merle, n. gen.: A, B, Paleoochicoreus initialis (Vokes, 1990), n. comb., holotype, USNM450376, Nacodoches, Texas (United States), middle Eocene (Lutetian); C, P. newtoni (Eames, 1957), holotype, BMNH G41982, Ombralla, Nigeria, middle Eocene;D, E, P. bicostatus (Deshayes,1835), n. comb., holotype, UCBL-EM 33437 (Deshayes coll.), Valmondois,Val d’Oise, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian). Scale bars: 10 mm. Credits: A, B, Y. Villacampa and J. Jorstad (USNM); C, S. Tracey (NHM); D, E, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985764" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985764/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">Fig. 2D, E</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEFE40FFC95FE81FACAFE3A" blockId="9.[813,1457,342,393]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">
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<typeStatus id="549C886EFFEFE40FFC95FE81FCDFFEDF" box="[813,862,343,366]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">TYPE</typeStatus>
</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFEFE40FFCDEFE8AFC43FEDE" baselines="361" box="[870,962,348,365]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="horizon" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">HORIZON</smallCapsWord>
. — Sables d’Auvers (biozone NP16), see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEFE40FFADEFE80FC30FE3A" author="GELY J. - P. &amp; LORENZ C." pageId="9" pageNumber="502" pagination="713 - 747" refId="ref44561" refString="GELY J. - P. &amp; LORENZ C. 1991. - Analyse sequentielle de l'Eocene et de l'Oligocene du Bassin parisien (France). Revue de l'institut francais du petrole 46 (6): 713 - 747." type="journal article" year="1991">Gély &amp; Lorenz (1991</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 1), middle Eocene (lower Bartonian).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEFE40FFC95FE77FB87FE60" blockId="9.[813,1455,417,467]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFEFE40FFC95FE77FCDFFE05" baselines="434,434" box="[813,862,417,440]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFEFE40FFC95FE77FCDFFE05" box="[813,862,417,440]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">TYPE</typeStatus>
</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFEFE40FFCDEFE70FC43FE04" baselines="435" box="[870,962,422,439]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="locality" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">LOCALITY</smallCapsWord>
. —
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFEFE40FFC42FE77FBBFFE0B" box="[1018,1086,417,440]" name="France" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">France</collectingCountry>
, Paris Basin, Val d’Oise, Valmondois (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEFE40FFCEFFE6DFC7AFE60" author="FRITEL P. H." box="[855,1019,443,467]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" refId="ref44321" refString="FRITEL P. H. 1910. - Guide geologique et paleontologique de la region parisienne dans un rayon de 100 kilometres. Deyrolle, Paris, 356 p." type="book" year="1910">Fritel 1910: 315</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFEFE40FFC95FE3DFAC0FDB0" box="[813,1345,491,515]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEFE40FFC95FE3DFAC0FDB0" blockId="9.[813,1345,491,515]" box="[813,1345,491,515]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFEFE40FFC95FE3DFC3BFDB2" baselines="508,509" box="[813,954,491,514]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Distribution" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
. — Only known from the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFEFE40FFB7CFE3DFB6FFDB0" box="[1220,1262,491,515]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFEFE40FFC95FDE1FB2CF85F" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEFE40FFC95FDE1FC3CFDFC" blockId="9.[810,1458,567,1199]" box="[813,957,567,593]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFEFE40FFC95FDE1FC3CFDFC" baselines="586,586" box="[813,957,567,593]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Description" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">DESCRIPTION</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEFE40FFC95FD80FAC0FB1D" blockId="9.[810,1458,567,1199]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">
Teleoconch of
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFEFE40FFC05FD80FB9BFDC3" box="[957,1050,598,625]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" unit="mm" value="21.5">21.5 mm</quantity>
in height (apex incomplete), of
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFEFE40FFAEAFD80FA31FDC3" box="[1362,1456,598,624]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3199999999999998" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" unit="mm" value="13.2">13.2 mm</quantity>
in width, biconic in profile, composed of 3.5 preserved whorls. Moderately high spire with convex whorls. Last whorl up to 79% of total length of teleoconch. Apical angle 63°. Spiral sculpture with well-marked primary cords. Spire with P1 and P2 cords. Last whorl: IP, P1 to P6 (P6 placed on top of siphonal canal), ADP, MP and ABP; secondary cords (adis, abis, s3-s6, ads and ms). Axial sculpture not known on early teleoconch whorls. On spire and last whorl, three varices and between them two intervarices.Intervarices strongly developed. Intersection between axial and spiral sculpture displaying small nodules on IP, P1 to P5, ADP and MP. Intervarical nodules, present and more developed on P1 and P2. Ovate aperture of 24% of diameter, up to 64% of length of last whorl. Parietal lip smooth, adherent. Columellar lip smooth, slightly erect. Anal notch deep. Parietal callus well developed. Outer lip showing internal denticles: ID stronger than D1, D2 and D3, D4, D5 and D6 stronger than D1 to D3, D6 split. Siphonal canal of 50% of apertural length. Pseudoumbilicus narrow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEFE40FFC95FB02FC46FB5F" blockId="9.[810,1457,1236,2028]" box="[813,967,1236,1262]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFEFE40FFC95FB02FC46FB5F" baselines="1255,1255" box="[813,967,1236,1262]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Comparisons" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">COMPARISONS</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFEFE40FFC95FB22FB2CF85F" blockId="9.[810,1457,1236,2028]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">
No new specimens of this species have been found since its original description byDeshayes (1835).
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEFE40FFB68FAC2FCECFAFE" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G." pageId="9" pageNumber="502" pagination="26 - 45" refId="ref43883" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G. 1911. - Iconographie complete des coquilles fossiles de l'Eocene du Bassin de Paris. Tome 2. Hermann, Paris: pl. 26 - 45. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 36319938" type="book chapter" year="1911">Cossmann &amp; Pissarro (1911</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 36, fig. 170bis-1) attributed an eroded specimen (MNHN.F.J02588 refigured inMerle
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEFE40FFB13FA82FB58FADE" box="[1195,1241,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">et al.</emphasis>
2022:pl. 147, fig.4a, b) to this species under the name
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEFE40FFBCBFAA5FC57FA1D" authority="(Deshayes, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Ocenebra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bicostata" subGenus="Ocinebrina">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEFE40FFBCBFAA5FB51FA3E" box="[1139,1232,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">Ocenebra</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEFE40FFB66FAA5FACCFA3E" box="[1246,1357,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">Ocinebrina</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEFE40FFAE3FAA5FA31FA3E" box="[1371,1456,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">bicostata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEFE40FFC8BFA45FC4FFA1D" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[819,974,1427,1454]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" pagination="79 - 106" refId="ref43930" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1835. - Description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris. Tome 2. Livraisons 40 - 45, l'auteur, Bechet Jeune, Baudouin freres, Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris: 499 - 780; Atlas 2, Levrault, Paris: pl. 79 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 52303" type="book chapter" year="1835">Deshayes,1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.However,re-examination of this specimen (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEFE40FFACDFA45FCE5FA7E" author="MERLE D." pageId="9" pageNumber="502" refId="ref46629" refString="MERLE D. 1999. - La radiation des Muricidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) au Paleogene: approche phylogenetique et evolutive. Unpublished PhD thesis, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 499 p." type="book" year="1999">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEFE40FFACDFA45FA31FA1E" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1397,1456,1427,1453]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
1999
</bibRefCitation>
) reveals that it represents
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEFE40FFBD7FA65FCEFFA5D" authority="(d'Orbigny, 1850)" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Eofavartia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="subrudis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEFE40FFBD7FA65FAB1FA7E" box="[1135,1328,1459,1485]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">Eofavartia subrudis</emphasis>
(d’Orbigny, 1850)
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEFE40FFCCCFA05FA8EFA5D" authority="(Deshayes, 1835)" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[884,1295,1491,1518]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Paleochicoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bicostatus" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEFE40FFCCCFA05FBDBFA5E" box="[884,1114,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">Paleochicoreus bicostatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEFE40FFBDDFA05FA86FA5D" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[1125,1287,1491,1518]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" pagination="79 - 106" refId="ref43930" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1835. - Description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris. Tome 2. Livraisons 40 - 45, l'auteur, Bechet Jeune, Baudouin freres, Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris: 499 - 780; Atlas 2, Levrault, Paris: pl. 79 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 52303" type="book chapter" year="1835">Deshayes,1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFEFE40FFAAFFA05FAF1FA5E" box="[1303,1392,1491,1517]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
shares with
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEFE40FFCDCFA25FBF1F9BE" authority="(Eames, 1957)" baseAuthorityName="Eames" baseAuthorityYear="1957" box="[868,1136,1522,1549]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Paleochicoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="newtoni">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEFE40FFCDCFA25FC4FF9BF" box="[868,974,1523,1548]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">P. newtoni</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEFE40FFC65FA25FBE8F9BE" author="EAMES F. E." box="[989,1129,1522,1549]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" pagination="25 - 70" refId="ref44211" refString="EAMES F. E. 1957. - Eocene Mollusca from Nigeria: a revision. Bulletin of the British Museum of the Natural History (Geology) 3 (2): 25 - 70. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 143489" type="journal article" year="1957">Eames, 1957</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEFE40FFB10FA25FA2AF9BE" authority="(Vokes, 1990)" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Vokes" baseAuthorityYear="1990" box="[1192,1451,1523,1549]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Paleochicoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="initialis" status="n. comb.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEFE40FFB10FA25FA8CF9BE" box="[1192,1293,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">P. initialis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEFE40FFAA3FA25FA22F9BE" author="VOKES E. H." box="[1307,1443,1523,1549]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref48944" refString="VOKES E. H. 1990. - Cenozoic Muricidae of the Western Atlantic region, Part VIII - Murex s. s., Haustellum, Chicoreus, Hexaplex; additions and corrections. Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 23 (1 - 3): 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1990">Vokes, 1990</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFEFE40FFC96F9C5FC0BF99F" box="[814,906,1554,1581]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
an aperture with developed internal denticles, a strong parietal callus, and a deep anal notch.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEFE40FFB1AF9E5FA86F9FF" baseAuthorityName="Eames" baseAuthorityYear="1957" box="[1186,1287,1587,1612]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Paleochicoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="newtoni">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEFE40FFB1AF9E5FA86F9FF" box="[1186,1287,1587,1612]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">P.newtoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs in having a slenderer shape and lower, less coarse intervarices. In
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEFE40FFAE0F985FCC3F93F" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Vokes" baseAuthorityYear="1990" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Paleochicoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="initialis" status="n. comb.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEFE40FFAE0F985FCC3F93F" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">P. initialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFEFE40FFCF0F9A5FC27F93F" box="[840,934,1650,1677]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, the intervarices are also lower than in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEFE40FFA82F9A5FC60F91E" authority="(Deshayes, 1835)" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Paleochicoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bicostatus" status="n. comb.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEFE40FFA82F9A5FA31F93F" box="[1338,1456,1650,1676]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">P. bicostatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEFE40FFC8CF944FC58F91E" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[820,985,1682,1709]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" pagination="79 - 106" refId="ref43930" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1835. - Description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris. Tome 2. Livraisons 40 - 45, l'auteur, Bechet Jeune, Baudouin freres, Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris: 499 - 780; Atlas 2, Levrault, Paris: pl. 79 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 52303" type="book chapter" year="1835">Deshayes, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFEFE40FFC53F945FBC6F91F" box="[1003,1095,1682,1709]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEFE40FFBF2F944FCEBF97E" authority="(Dickerson, 1915)" baseAuthorityName="Dickerson" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Paleochicoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="packardi">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEFE40FFBF2F944FAB1F91F" box="[1098,1328,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">Paleochicoreus packardi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEFE40FFA85F944FCE3F97E" author="DICKERSON R. E." pageId="9" pageNumber="502" pagination="33 - 98" refId="ref44126" refString="DICKERSON R. E. 1915. - Fauna of the type Tejon: its relation to the Cowlitz phase of the Tejon group of Washington. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4 th series, 5 (3): 33 - 98." type="journal article" year="1915">Dickerson, 1915</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
is poorly preserved (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEFE40FFBD6F964FAA3F97F" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[1134,1314,1714,1740]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEFE40FFBD6F964FB2AF97F" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1134,1195,1714,1740]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEFE40FFB09F965FB65F97F" box="[1201,1252,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
), but it bears slightly winged varices as do
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEFE40FFBE9F905FB39F95F" baseAuthorityName="Eames" baseAuthorityYear="1957" box="[1105,1208,1747,1772]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Paleochicoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="newtoni">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEFE40FFBE9F905FB39F95F" box="[1105,1208,1747,1772]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">P. newtoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEFE40FFB53F905FACDF95F" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Vokes" baseAuthorityYear="1990" box="[1259,1356,1746,1772]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Paleochicoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="initialis" status="n. comb.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEFE40FFB53F905FACDF95F" box="[1259,1356,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">P. initialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFEFE40FFAEAF904FA2EF95F" box="[1362,1455,1746,1772]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEFE40FFC95F924FB41F8BF" authority="(Vincent, 1913)" baseAuthorityName="Vincent" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[813,1216,1778,1804]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Paleochicoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diderrichi">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEFE40FFC95F924FB9BF8BF" box="[813,1050,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">Paleochicoreus diderrichi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEFE40FFB9BF924FB39F8BF" author="VINCENT G." box="[1059,1208,1778,1804]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" pagination="1 - 46" refId="ref48789" refString="VINCENT G. 1913. - La faune Paleocene de Landana. Annales du Musee du Congo Belge. Geologie, Paleontologie, Mineralogie serie 3, 1 (1): 1 - 46." type="journal article" year="1913">Vincent,1913</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
displays well developed denticulation within the outer lip(see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEFE40FFB25F8C4FAC5F89F" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[1181,1348,1810,1836]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEFE40FFB25F8C4FB58F89F" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1181,1241,1810,1836]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEFE40FFB67F8C4FA8CF89F" box="[1247,1293,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
: fig.41.3).
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEFE40FFC92F8E7FB50F8FF" authority="(Deshayes, 1835)" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[810,1233,1841,1868]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Paleochicoreus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bicostatus" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEFE40FFC92F8E7FB96F8F8" box="[810,1047,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">Paleochicoreus bicostatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEFE40FFB9CF8E7FB48F8FF" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[1060,1225,1841,1868]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" pagination="79 - 106" refId="ref43930" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1835. - Description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris. Tome 2. Livraisons 40 - 45, l'auteur, Bechet Jeune, Baudouin freres, Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris: 499 - 780; Atlas 2, Levrault, Paris: pl. 79 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 52303" type="book chapter" year="1835">Deshayes, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFEFE40FFB61F8E4FAB4F8F8" box="[1241,1333,1841,1868]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
differs from these species in lacking winged varices. However, the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFEFE40FFAEAF887FA2CF8D8" box="[1362,1453,1873,1899]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is eroded and in the early Bartonian (Auversian) from the Paris Basin, many species tend to lose their delicate ornaments (wings, spines) and thicken their shell, as is the case in another muricid,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFEFE40FFC93F807FB28F85F" authority="(Deshayes, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[811,1193,2001,2028]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Eofavartia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="subrudis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFEFE40FFC93F807FC6AF858" box="[811,1003,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="502">Eofavartia subrudis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFEFE40FFC42F807FB20F85F" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[1018,1185,2001,2028]" pageId="9" pageNumber="502" pagination="79 - 106" refId="ref43930" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1835. - Description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris. Tome 2. Livraisons 40 - 45, l'auteur, Bechet Jeune, Baudouin freres, Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris: 499 - 780; Atlas 2, Levrault, Paris: pl. 79 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 52303" type="book chapter" year="1835">Deshayes, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:namePart id="7B01D9DBD9C6A64799A35A69929094DB">Ledon, Daniel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9DD29EC5F2E9F5297D43AA82143A36E9">Muséum national d’histoire naturelle, Département Origines et Évolution (CR 2 P - MNHN, CNRS, UPMC, Sorbonne Université), 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) didier. merle @ mnhn. fr (corresponding author) jean-michel. pacaud @ mnhn. fr dnledon @ yahoo. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8640F1A5BD509DC9C28B52CABB75719B">Goret, Bernard</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8B11D5BF104DA46A07A189875E5C859F">Raoul Ponchon, F- 31500 Toulouse (France) bernardgoret @ hotmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="331817F1E181BB9CBCB24DF4905FD451">Geodiversitas</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="BF861372BF8EE772FBFD27BC3D47F664">2024</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF1E411FE8EFA21FDD4F9A3" blockId="23.[310,597,1525,1584]" box="[310,597,1525,1553]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF1E411FE8EFA21FE76F9BC" box="[310,503,1525,1553]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="magnei">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FE8EFA21FE76F9BC" bold="true" box="[310,503,1525,1553]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">Timbellus magnei</emphasis>
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n. name
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<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFF1E411FEE0F9C0FDB2F983" box="[344,563,1557,1584]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF1E411FEE0F9C0FDB2F983" blockId="23.[310,597,1525,1584]" box="[344,563,1557,1584]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFF1E411FED9F9C3FE2EF983" box="[353,431,1557,1584]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[132,143,1467,1484]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-413@24.[698,1267,772,1332]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 12. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus magnei n. name (A-F) and T. palensis (Magne, 1941) (G-I): A, neotype, BMNH 69802 (Seaman coll.), Bos d’Arros,Pyrénées-Atlantiques,Aquitaine Basin, France,early Eocene (Ypresian);B, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen and protoconch,Gan (Tuilerie),Pyrénées-Atlantiques,early Eocene (Ypresian);C, D, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen,Gan (Tuilerie);E, F, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); G, MNHN.F.A90553 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie); H, I, MNHN.F.A32509 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie). Scale bars: A, G, 5 mm; B, 2 mm; C-F, H, I, 10 mm. Credits: A, D. Serrette (MNHN); B, L. Cazes; E-I, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985786" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985786/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">Figs 12</figureCitation>
A-F; 26G-I)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFF1E411FF3CF998FEF8F858" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" type="reference_group">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8610DDFFF1E411FF3CF998FE5CF9D6" author="ROUAULT A." box="[132,477,1613,1637]" page="204" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" year="1850">
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FF3CF998FE92F9D6" box="[132,275,1614,1637]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">Murex trigonus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF1E411FEA2F99BFE5CF9D6" author="ROUAULT A." box="[282,477,1613,1637]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" pagination="457 - 502" refId="ref48421" refString="ROUAULT A. 1850. - Description des fossiles eocenes des environs de Pau. Memoires de la Societe geologique de France, serie 2, 3: 457 - 502." type="journal article" year="1850">Rouault, 1850: 204</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. XVII, fig. 17a
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[
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FD27F998FD42F9D6" box="[671,707,1614,1637]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">non</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF1E411FD71F998FEE1F933" authority="Gmelin, 1791" authorityName="Gmelin" authorityYear="1791" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="trigonus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FD71F998FF4EF9CC" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">Murex trigonus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF1E411FF6DF9B1FEE1F933" author="GMELIN J. F." box="[213,352,1639,1664]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" pagination="3021 - 3910" refId="ref44669" refString="GMELIN J. F. 1791 (ed.). - Caroli a Linnaei Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, part Vermes. Ed. 13. Tome 1 (6). G. E. Beer, Leipzig: 3021 - 3910. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36932" type="book chapter" year="1791">Gmelin, 1791</bibRefCitation>
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].
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<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF1E411FF3CF941FF6DF97B" blockId="23.[132,775,1686,1736]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3711E2FFF1E411FF3CF941FE7AF91D" box="[132,507,1686,1710]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF1E411FF3CF941FEB9F91D" box="[132,312,1687,1710]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="trigonus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FF3CF941FEB9F91D" box="[132,312,1687,1710]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">Pterynotus trigonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="0A8610DDFFF1E411FEEDF940FE7AF91D" author="GLIBERT M." box="[341,507,1686,1710]" page="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" year="1963">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF1E411FEEDF940FE7AF91D" author="GLIBERT M." box="[341,507,1686,1710]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" pagination="1 - 179" refId="ref44626" refString="GLIBERT M. 1963. - Les Muricacea et les Buccinacea du Cenozoique etranger des collections de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique. Memoires de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique serie 2, 74: 1 - 179." type="journal article" year="1963">Glibert 1963: 11</bibRefCitation>
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[
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FDB3F941FDAEF91D" box="[523,559,1687,1710]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">non</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF1E411FD8FF941FF5FF97B" authority="Gmelin, 1791" authorityName="Gmelin" authorityYear="1791" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="trigonus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FD8FF941FD46F91D" box="[567,711,1687,1710]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">Murex trigonus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF1E411FD76F940FF5FF97B" author="GMELIN J. F." pageId="23" pageNumber="516" pagination="3021 - 3910" refId="ref44669" refString="GMELIN J. F. 1791 (ed.). - Caroli a Linnaei Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, part Vermes. Ed. 13. Tome 1 (6). G. E. Beer, Leipzig: 3021 - 3910. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36932" type="book chapter" year="1791">Gmelin, 1791</bibRefCitation>
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].
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3711E2FFF1E411FF3CF909FE38F945" box="[132,441,1759,1782]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FF3CF909FE29F945" box="[132,424,1759,1782]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">Pterynotus tricarinatus trigonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8610DDFFF1E411FE05F909FDE2F945" author="MERLE D." box="[445,611,1758,1783]" page="158" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" year="1990">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF1E411FE05F909FDE2F945" author="MERLE D." box="[445,611,1758,1783]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" pagination="145 - 185" refId="ref46577" refString="MERLE D. 1990. - Revision des Muricidae du Cuisien de Gan et de Bos d'Arros (Bassin d'Aquitaine, France). Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris 4 eme ser., 11 (1989), sect. C, 3: 145 - 185." type="journal article" year="1990">Merle 1990: 158</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 2, figs 13, 14 only [
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FF06F92CFF63F8A2" box="[190,226,1786,1809]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">non</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FF50F92CFEF6F8A2" box="[232,375,1786,1809]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">Murex trigonus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF1E411FEC5F92FFD86F8A2" author="GMELIN J. F." box="[381,519,1785,1809]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" pagination="3021 - 3910" refId="ref44669" refString="GMELIN J. F. 1791 (ed.). - Caroli a Linnaei Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, part Vermes. Ed. 13. Tome 1 (6). G. E. Beer, Leipzig: 3021 - 3910. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36932" type="book chapter" year="1791">Gmelin, 1791</bibRefCitation>
].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF1E411FF3CF8FEFEA6F8EA" blockId="23.[132,775,1831,1882]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3711E2FFF1E411FF3CF8FEFEA6F8EA" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF1E411FF3CF8FEFED9F88C" ID-CoL="8ZHC9" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[132,344,1831,1855]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tripteroides">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FF3CF8FEFED9F88C" box="[132,344,1831,1855]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">Pterynotus tripteroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="0A8610DDFFF1E411FECFF8F1FDA3F88C" author="MERLE D." box="[375,546,1831,1855]" page="156" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" year="1990">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF1E411FECFF8F1FDA3F88C" author="MERLE D." box="[375,546,1831,1855]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" pagination="145 - 185" refId="ref46577" refString="MERLE D. 1990. - Revision des Muricidae du Cuisien de Gan et de Bos d'Arros (Bassin d'Aquitaine, France). Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris 4 eme ser., 11 (1989), sect. C, 3: 145 - 185." type="journal article" year="1990">Merle 1990: 156</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 3, fig. 1 only [
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FD5BF8FEFC86F88C" box="[739,775,1832,1855]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">non</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF1E411FF3CF894FE98F8E9" author="LAMARCK J. - B." box="[132,281,1858,1882]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" refId="ref45696" refString="LAMARCK J. - B. 1822. - Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertebres presentant les caracteres generaux et particuliers de ces animaux, leur distribution, leurs classes, leurs familles, leurs genres, et la citation des principales especes qui s'y rapportent et Supplement a divers types de gasteropodes et de Trachelipodes comprenant l'indication des coquilles fossiles qui ne furent point citees dans leurs genres respectifs. Tome 7. Lamarck, Paris, 711 p." type="book" year="1822">Lamarck, 1822</bibRefCitation>
].
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF1E411FF3CF8A6FED8F811" blockId="23.[132,775,1904,1955]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3711E2FFF1E411FF3CF8A6FED8F811" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF1E411FF3CF8A6FECFF83B" ID-CoL="8YPF3" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[132,334,1904,1928]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tripteroides">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FF3CF8A6FECFF83B" box="[132,334,1904,1928]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">Timbellus tripteroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="0A8610DDFFF1E411FEDFF8A6FDB4F83B" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[359,565,1904,1928]" page="44" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF1E411FEDFF8A6FDB4F83B" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[359,565,1904,1928]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
Merle
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FE1EF8A7FE54F83B" box="[422,469,1904,1928]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">et al.</emphasis>
2011: 44
</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 100 figs 3, 4 only [
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FF34F85DFF31F811" box="[140,176,1931,1954]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">non</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF1E411FF0EF85DFECAF810" author="LAMARCK J. - B." box="[182,331,1931,1955]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" refId="ref45696" refString="LAMARCK J. - B. 1822. - Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertebres presentant les caracteres generaux et particuliers de ces animaux, leur distribution, leurs classes, leurs familles, leurs genres, et la citation des principales especes qui s'y rapportent et Supplement a divers types de gasteropodes et de Trachelipodes comprenant l'indication des coquilles fossiles qui ne furent point citees dans leurs genres respectifs. Tome 7. Lamarck, Paris, 711 p." type="book" year="1822">Lamarck, 1822</bibRefCitation>
].
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF1E411FF3CF86FFEF8F858" blockId="23.[132,775,1977,2028]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3711E2FFF1E411FF3CF86FFEF8F858" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF1E411FF3CF86FFE12F862" box="[132,403,1977,2001]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="crenulatus" subSpecies="palensis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FF3CF86FFE12F862" box="[132,403,1977,2001]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">Timbellus crenulatus palensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="0A8610DDFFF1E411FE13F86FFD07F862" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[427,646,1977,2001]" page="440" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF1E411FE13F86FFD07F862" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[427,646,1977,2001]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
Merle
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FE53F86CFD98F862" box="[491,537,1977,2001]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">et al.</emphasis>
2011: 440
</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 98, fig. 1 only [
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FF06F802FF63F858" box="[190,226,2004,2027]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">non</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF1E411FF50F802FEEAF858" author="MAGNE A." box="[232,363,2003,2028]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" pagination="28 - 36" refId="ref46270" refString="MAGNE A. 1941. - Sur quelques especes nouvelles ou interessantes provenant du Calcaire a Asteries de la Souys. Proces-verbaux de la Societe linneenne de Bordeaux 91: 28 - 36." type="journal article" year="1941">Magne, 1941</bibRefCitation>
].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFF1E411FC95FF07FB08FCDD" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF1E411FC95FF07FB9FFEE0" blockId="23.[811,1455,209,339]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFF1E411FC95FF07FB9FFEE0" collectorName="de Gan &amp; Seaman" country="France" location="Marnes de Gan" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Aquitaine" typeStatus="neotype">
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. —
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<typeStatus id="549C886EFFF1E411FC48FF07FBC6FF5A" box="[1008,1095,209,233]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFF1E411FBE9FF07FB12FF5A" box="[1105,1171,209,233]" name="France" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
•
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFF1E411FB12FF07FA8BFF5A" box="[1194,1290,209,233]" country="France" name="Aquitaine" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">Aquitaine</collectingRegion>
Basin, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Bos d’Arros; uppermost part of the
<location id="8EF86017FFF1E411FB57FF3AFA00FEB0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFF1E41FFE8EFA21FEE9FBDC:8EF86017FFF1E411FB57FF3AFA00FEB0" box="[1263,1409,235,259]" country="France" name="Marnes de Gan" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" stateProvince="Aquitaine">
Marnes
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFF1E411FA84FF3DFA00FEB0" box="[1340,1409,235,259]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">de Gan</collectorName>
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only (top biozone N12/base biozone NP13); Early Eocene (Ypresian); BMNH 69802 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFF1E411FC6CFEF6FBA2FE8B" box="[980,1059,288,312]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">Seaman</collectorName>
coll.) designated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF1E411FB4FFEF6FA2AFE8B" author="MERLE D." box="[1271,1451,288,312]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" pagination="145 - 185" refId="ref46577" refString="MERLE D. 1990. - Revision des Muricidae du Cuisien de Gan et de Bos d'Arros (Bassin d'Aquitaine, France). Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris 4 eme ser., 11 (1989), sect. C, 3: 145 - 185." type="journal article" year="1990">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF1E411FB4FFEF6FAB0FE8B" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1271,1329,288,312]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
(1990: 158
</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 2, fig. 14) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFF1E411FC03FEECFB92FEE0" box="[955,1043,314,339]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[132,143,1467,1484]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-413@24.[698,1267,772,1332]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 12. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus magnei n. name (A-F) and T. palensis (Magne, 1941) (G-I): A, neotype, BMNH 69802 (Seaman coll.), Bos d’Arros,Pyrénées-Atlantiques,Aquitaine Basin, France,early Eocene (Ypresian);B, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen and protoconch,Gan (Tuilerie),Pyrénées-Atlantiques,early Eocene (Ypresian);C, D, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen,Gan (Tuilerie);E, F, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); G, MNHN.F.A90553 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie); H, I, MNHN.F.A32509 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie). Scale bars: A, G, 5 mm; B, 2 mm; C-F, H, I, 10 mm. Credits: A, D. Serrette (MNHN); B, L. Cazes; E-I, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985786" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985786/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF1E411FC95FEBCFC55FD73" blockId="23.[812,1456,362,704]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFF1E411FC10FEA6FB83FE32" baselines="381" box="[936,1026,368,385]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="material" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">MATERIAL</smallCapsWord>
. —
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFF1E411FB90FEBCFA2EFE5F" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FB90FEBCFBE9FE31" bold="true" box="[1064,1128,362,386]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFF1E411FB90FEBCFBE9FE31" box="[1064,1128,362,386]" name="France" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• 1 spm
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFF1E411FB00FEBCFA95FE31" box="[1208,1300,362,386]" country="France" name="Aquitaine" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">Aquitaine</collectingRegion>
Basin, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Gan (Tuilerie); uppermost part of the Marnes de Gan only (top biozone N12/base biozone NP13); Early Eocene (Ypresian, uppermost part of the Marnes de Gan);
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFF1E411FB4FFE6CFACAFE62" box="[1271,1355,442,465]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A32506 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF1E411FC8BFE02FCEFFE5F" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[819,878,468,492]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.), figured specimen of
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF1E411FBC8FE02FA9DFE5F" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[1136,1308,468,492]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF1E411FBC8FE02FB28FE5F" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1136,1193,468,492]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FB17FE03FB5CFE5F" box="[1199,1245,468,492]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">et al.</emphasis>
(2011
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 100, fig. 3)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFF1E411FC85FE39FAD7FD92" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
1 spm; idem;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFF1E411FC7CFE39FB98FDB5" box="[964,1049,495,518]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A32508 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF1E411FB32FE38FB44FDB5" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1162,1221,494,518]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.), figured specimen of
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF1E411FCFFFDDFFC77FD92" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[839,1014,521,545]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF1E411FCFFFDDFFC01FD92" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[839,896,521,545]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FC3EFDDCFC34FD92" box="[902,949,521,545]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">et al.</emphasis>
(2011
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 100, fig. 1) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFF1E411FB25FDDFFA99FD93" box="[1181,1304,521,545]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[132,143,1467,1484]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-413@24.[698,1267,772,1332]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 12. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus magnei n. name (A-F) and T. palensis (Magne, 1941) (G-I): A, neotype, BMNH 69802 (Seaman coll.), Bos d’Arros,Pyrénées-Atlantiques,Aquitaine Basin, France,early Eocene (Ypresian);B, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen and protoconch,Gan (Tuilerie),Pyrénées-Atlantiques,early Eocene (Ypresian);C, D, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen,Gan (Tuilerie);E, F, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); G, MNHN.F.A90553 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie); H, I, MNHN.F.A32509 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie). Scale bars: A, G, 5 mm; B, 2 mm; C-F, H, I, 10 mm. Credits: A, D. Serrette (MNHN); B, L. Cazes; E-I, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985786" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985786/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">Figs 12C, D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFF1E411FA9AFDDFFACEFD92" box="[1314,1359,521,545]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="45.[132,143,1622,1639]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1562]" captionTargetId="figure-370@45.[700,1259,799,1371]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIG. 26. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885: A, B, Timbellus occidentalis n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A90533 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian;B, paratype,MNHN.F.A24031 (Vasseur coll.),Saffré (Bois-Gouët),France,Bartonian;C, D, T.calciacus n. sp.: C, holotype,MNHN.F.A90536 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes), France, Lutetian; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90537 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes); E, F, T. longicanalis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A24101 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A24100, Fresville; G-I, T. magnei n. name: G, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie), France; H, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen with protoconch, Gan (Tuilerie); I, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); J-L, T. curvispina n. sp.: J, holotype, MNHN.F.A90541 (MNHN coll.), Parnes, France, Lutetian; K, paratype, MNHN.F.A90543 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin, France, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A73848 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin; M, T. sixi n. sp., holotype, MNHN.F.A90544 (Six coll.), Trosly-Breuil (Fond Couturier), France, Ypresian; N-P, T. radulfiensis n. sp.: N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77754 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place, France, Priabonian; O, paratype, MNHN.F.A77755 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place; P, paratype, MNHN.F.A90559 (Vasseur coll.), Rauville-la-Place. Scale bars: A,B, N-P, 5 mm; C, D, 3 mm; E-G, I-L, 10 mm; H, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985825" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985825/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">26G</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFF1E411FAD5FDDFFC77FDE5" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
1 spm; idem;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFF1E411FCD4FDF2FC40FD88" box="[876,961,548,571]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.R61437,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF1E411FB8CFDF5FBECFD88" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1076,1133,547,571]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll., figured specimen of
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF1E411FACFFDF5FCEBFDE5" author="MERLE D." pageId="23" pageNumber="516" pagination="145 - 185" refId="ref46577" refString="MERLE D. 1990. - Revision des Muricidae du Cuisien de Gan et de Bos d'Arros (Bassin d'Aquitaine, France). Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris 4 eme ser., 11 (1989), sect. C, 3: 145 - 185." type="journal article" year="1990">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF1E411FACFFDF5FA31FD88" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1399,1456,547,571]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
(1990
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 3, fig. 1)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFF1E411FBAAFDE8FCE1FDC3" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
1 spm; idem;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFF1E411FB1DFDE8FB7AFDE6" box="[1189,1275,574,597]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A24115 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF1E411FACAFDE8FA2EFDE5" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1394,1455,574,598]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFF1E411FCC0FD8EFCF3FD38" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
2 spm; idem;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFF1E411FC47FD8FFBD2FDC3" box="[1023,1107,601,624]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A72443 (Varone coll.) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFF1E411FAEBFD8EFCBCFD39" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[132,143,1467,1484]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-413@24.[698,1267,772,1332]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 12. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus magnei n. name (A-F) and T. palensis (Magne, 1941) (G-I): A, neotype, BMNH 69802 (Seaman coll.), Bos d’Arros,Pyrénées-Atlantiques,Aquitaine Basin, France,early Eocene (Ypresian);B, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen and protoconch,Gan (Tuilerie),Pyrénées-Atlantiques,early Eocene (Ypresian);C, D, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen,Gan (Tuilerie);E, F, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); G, MNHN.F.A90553 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie); H, I, MNHN.F.A32509 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie). Scale bars: A, G, 5 mm; B, 2 mm; C-F, H, I, 10 mm. Credits: A, D. Serrette (MNHN); B, L. Cazes; E-I, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985786" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985786/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">Figs 12E, F</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFF1E411FCF0FDA5FCEBFD38" box="[840,874,627,651]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="45.[132,143,1622,1639]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1562]" captionTargetId="figure-370@45.[700,1259,799,1371]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIG. 26. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885: A, B, Timbellus occidentalis n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A90533 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian;B, paratype,MNHN.F.A24031 (Vasseur coll.),Saffré (Bois-Gouët),France,Bartonian;C, D, T.calciacus n. sp.: C, holotype,MNHN.F.A90536 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes), France, Lutetian; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90537 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes); E, F, T. longicanalis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A24101 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A24100, Fresville; G-I, T. magnei n. name: G, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie), France; H, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen with protoconch, Gan (Tuilerie); I, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); J-L, T. curvispina n. sp.: J, holotype, MNHN.F.A90541 (MNHN coll.), Parnes, France, Lutetian; K, paratype, MNHN.F.A90543 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin, France, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A73848 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin; M, T. sixi n. sp., holotype, MNHN.F.A90544 (Six coll.), Trosly-Breuil (Fond Couturier), France, Ypresian; N-P, T. radulfiensis n. sp.: N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77754 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place, France, Priabonian; O, paratype, MNHN.F.A77755 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place; P, paratype, MNHN.F.A90559 (Vasseur coll.), Rauville-la-Place. Scale bars: A,B, N-P, 5 mm; C, D, 3 mm; E-G, I-L, 10 mm; H, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985825" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985825/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">26I</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFF1E411FC32FDA5FADBFD38" box="[906,1370,627,651]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
35 spm; idem;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFF1E411FB99FDA5FBF4FD39" box="[1057,1141,627,650]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A24114 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF1E411FB5FFDA5FAA3FD38" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1255,1314,627,651]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFF1E411FACAFDA5FC55FD73" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
1 spm (juvenile with protoconch); idem;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFF1E411FBC0FD58FB4CFD16" box="[1144,1229,654,677]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90545 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF1E411FA86FD5BFAF8FD16" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1342,1401,653,677]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFF1E411FC8DFD7EFC0DFD0C" box="[821,908,680,704]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[132,143,1467,1484]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-413@24.[698,1267,772,1332]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 12. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus magnei n. name (A-F) and T. palensis (Magne, 1941) (G-I): A, neotype, BMNH 69802 (Seaman coll.), Bos d’Arros,Pyrénées-Atlantiques,Aquitaine Basin, France,early Eocene (Ypresian);B, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen and protoconch,Gan (Tuilerie),Pyrénées-Atlantiques,early Eocene (Ypresian);C, D, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen,Gan (Tuilerie);E, F, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); G, MNHN.F.A90553 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie); H, I, MNHN.F.A32509 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie). Scale bars: A, G, 5 mm; B, 2 mm; C-F, H, I, 10 mm. Credits: A, D. Serrette (MNHN); B, L. Cazes; E-I, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985786" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985786/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">Figs 12B</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFF1E411FC2FFD7EFC46FD73" box="[919,967,680,704]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="45.[132,143,1622,1639]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1562]" captionTargetId="figure-370@45.[700,1259,799,1371]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIG. 26. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885: A, B, Timbellus occidentalis n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A90533 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian;B, paratype,MNHN.F.A24031 (Vasseur coll.),Saffré (Bois-Gouët),France,Bartonian;C, D, T.calciacus n. sp.: C, holotype,MNHN.F.A90536 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes), France, Lutetian; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90537 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes); E, F, T. longicanalis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A24101 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A24100, Fresville; G-I, T. magnei n. name: G, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie), France; H, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen with protoconch, Gan (Tuilerie); I, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); J-L, T. curvispina n. sp.: J, holotype, MNHN.F.A90541 (MNHN coll.), Parnes, France, Lutetian; K, paratype, MNHN.F.A90543 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin, France, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A73848 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin; M, T. sixi n. sp., holotype, MNHN.F.A90544 (Six coll.), Trosly-Breuil (Fond Couturier), France, Ypresian; N-P, T. radulfiensis n. sp.: N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77754 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place, France, Priabonian; O, paratype, MNHN.F.A77755 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place; P, paratype, MNHN.F.A90559 (Vasseur coll.), Rauville-la-Place. Scale bars: A,B, N-P, 5 mm; C, D, 3 mm; E-G, I-L, 10 mm; H, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985825" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985825/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">26H</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
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<typeStatus id="549C886EFFF1E411FC95FD0EFCDEFD5E" box="[813,863,728,751]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">TYPE</typeStatus>
</smallCapsWord>
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. — Uppermost part of the Marnes de Gan only (top biozone N12/base biozone NP13), see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF1E411FB6DFD24FA2AFCB9" author="NOLF D. &amp; STEURBAUT E. &amp; CAHUZAC B." box="[1237,1451,754,778]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" pagination="164 - 194" refId="ref47746" refString="NOLF D., STEURBAUT E. &amp; CAHUZAC B. 2002. - Progres recents dans la connaissance des gisements cenozoiques en Aquitaine meridionale (Chalosse, Bearn et Bas-Adour: SW France. Revue de Micropaleontologie 45 (3): 164 - 194. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0035 - 1598 (02) 90017 - 6" type="journal article" year="2002">
Nolf
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FAB1FD24FAB6FCB9" box="[1289,1335,754,778]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">et al.</emphasis>
(2002: 173
</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 4), Early Eocene (Ypresian).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF1E411FC95FCEAFB08FCDD" blockId="23.[812,1456,828,878]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
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<typeStatus id="549C886EFFF1E411FC95FCEAFCDCFCE1" box="[813,861,828,851]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">TYPE</typeStatus>
</smallCapsWord>
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. —
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFF1E411FC51FCEAFBACFCE0" box="[1001,1069,828,851]" name="France" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">France</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFF1E411FB8EFCEAFB17FCE7" box="[1078,1174,828,852]" country="France" name="Aquitaine" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">Aquitaine</collectingRegion>
Basin, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Bos d’Arros (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF1E411FC15FC80FBFCFCDD" author="NOLF D. &amp; STEURBAUT E. &amp; CAHUZAC B." box="[941,1149,854,878]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" pagination="164 - 194" refId="ref47746" refString="NOLF D., STEURBAUT E. &amp; CAHUZAC B. 2002. - Progres recents dans la connaissance des gisements cenozoiques en Aquitaine meridionale (Chalosse, Bearn et Bas-Adour: SW France. Revue de Micropaleontologie 45 (3): 164 - 194. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0035 - 1598 (02) 90017 - 6" type="journal article" year="2002">
Nolf
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FC58FC81FB8EFCDD" box="[992,1039,854,878]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">et al.</emphasis>
2002: 185
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFF1E411FC95FC50FA96FC0B" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF1E411FC95FC50FA96FC0B" blockId="23.[811,1455,902,952]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFF1E411FC95FC50FC39FC2F" baselines="919,920" box="[813,952,902,925]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Distribution" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
. — Known from the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFF1E411FB3DFC50FB2FFC2D" box="[1157,1198,902,926]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">type</typeStatus>
locality and Gan (tuilerie),
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFF1E411FC93FC76FC0AFC0B" box="[811,907,928,952]" country="France" name="Aquitaine" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">Aquitaine</collectingRegion>
Basin (
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFF1E411FC6BFC76FB98FC0B" box="[979,1049,928,952]" name="France" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">France</collectingCountry>
), early Eocene (Ypresian).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFF1E41FFC95FC23FEE9FBDC" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="518" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF1E411FC95FC23FC3CFBBE" blockId="23.[810,1457,1013,1836]" box="[813,957,1013,1039]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF1E411FC95FBC2FAEDF89F" blockId="23.[810,1457,1013,1836]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
Smooth, multispiral protoconch of 3.5 whorls (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFF1E411FAFDFBC2FA2AFB9C" box="[1349,1451,1044,1071]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[132,143,1467,1484]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-413@24.[698,1267,772,1332]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 12. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus magnei n. name (A-F) and T. palensis (Magne, 1941) (G-I): A, neotype, BMNH 69802 (Seaman coll.), Bos d’Arros,Pyrénées-Atlantiques,Aquitaine Basin, France,early Eocene (Ypresian);B, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen and protoconch,Gan (Tuilerie),Pyrénées-Atlantiques,early Eocene (Ypresian);C, D, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen,Gan (Tuilerie);E, F, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); G, MNHN.F.A90553 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie); H, I, MNHN.F.A32509 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie). Scale bars: A, G, 5 mm; B, 2 mm; C-F, H, I, 10 mm. Credits: A, D. Serrette (MNHN); B, L. Cazes; E-I, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985786" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985786/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">Figs 12B</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFF1E411FC95FBE2FCE0FBFD" box="[813,865,1076,1102]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="45.[132,143,1622,1639]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1562]" captionTargetId="figure-370@45.[700,1259,799,1371]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIG. 26. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885: A, B, Timbellus occidentalis n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A90533 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian;B, paratype,MNHN.F.A24031 (Vasseur coll.),Saffré (Bois-Gouët),France,Bartonian;C, D, T.calciacus n. sp.: C, holotype,MNHN.F.A90536 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes), France, Lutetian; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90537 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes); E, F, T. longicanalis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A24101 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A24100, Fresville; G-I, T. magnei n. name: G, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie), France; H, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen with protoconch, Gan (Tuilerie); I, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); J-L, T. curvispina n. sp.: J, holotype, MNHN.F.A90541 (MNHN coll.), Parnes, France, Lutetian; K, paratype, MNHN.F.A90543 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin, France, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A73848 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin; M, T. sixi n. sp., holotype, MNHN.F.A90544 (Six coll.), Trosly-Breuil (Fond Couturier), France, Ypresian; N-P, T. radulfiensis n. sp.: N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77754 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place, France, Priabonian; O, paratype, MNHN.F.A77755 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place; P, paratype, MNHN.F.A90559 (Vasseur coll.), Rauville-la-Place. Scale bars: A,B, N-P, 5 mm; C, D, 3 mm; E-G, I-L, 10 mm; H, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985825" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985825/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">26H</figureCitation>
). Sinusigeral scar well marked.Teleoconch up to
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in height, up to
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in width, subfusiform in profile, composed of eight whorls. Moderately high spire. Last whorl up to 70% of total length. Apical angle 53° excluding wings, 70° including wings. Spiral sculpture with marked primary cords on varices and intevarices. First whorl: no cord. Second whorl: appearance of weak P1, P2 and s1. Third whorl: P1, P2, s1 well marked; appearance of s2 weak. Fourth whorl: s2 well marked. From fifth to seventh whorl: no change or appearance of threads. Eighth whorl: P1 to P6, s1, s2, s3 (well developed), P6; ADP, MP weak or missing on siphonal canal. First whorl:around ten protovarices.Second whorl: appearance of varices, three varices and two intervarices between. From third to last whorl, three to five low intervarices. Higher relief of intervarices on P2. Varices lamellose and strongly winged. Appearance of short P1 spine on second whorl.P1 spine short, almost included in wing. No other cord spines. Ovate aperture up to 22% of diameter and up to 71% of length of last whorl (including siphonal canal). Columellar lip smooth, narrow, erect anteriorly, forming curved inductura at base. Parietal lip slightly adherent. Outer lip with well developed internal denticles including ID, D1 to D6. D1 and D2 bifid. Outer lip not crenulate. Siphonal canal narrow, open, straight, up to 57% of apertural length. Pseudoumbilicus narrow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF1E411FC95F884FC46F8D9" blockId="23.[813,1457,1874,2028]" box="[813,967,1874,1900]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF1E41EFC95F8A7FE3BF858" blockId="23.[813,1457,1874,2028]" lastBlockId="24.[130,777,1618,2028]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="517" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF1E411FC95F8A7FC57F83F" author="ROUAULT A." box="[813,982,1905,1932]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" pagination="457 - 502" refId="ref48421" refString="ROUAULT A. 1850. - Description des fossiles eocenes des environs de Pau. Memoires de la Societe geologique de France, serie 2, 3: 457 - 502." type="journal article" year="1850">Rouault (1850)</bibRefCitation>
described from Bos d’Arros (a locality very close to Gan),
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF1E411FC76F844FBEFF818" authorityName="Gmelin" authorityYear="1791" box="[974,1134,1938,1963]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="trigonus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FC76F844FBEFF818" box="[974,1134,1938,1963]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">Murex trigonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on juvenile specimens. Unfortunately,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF1E411FC64F864FAB0F87F" authority="Rouault, 1850" authorityName="sensu Rouault" authorityYear="1850" box="[988,1329,1969,1996]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="trigonus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FC64F864FB03F878" box="[988,1154,1970,1995]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">Murex trigonus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF1E411FB34F867FAB0F87F" author="ROUAULT A." box="[1164,1329,1969,1996]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" pagination="457 - 502" refId="ref48421" refString="ROUAULT A. 1850. - Description des fossiles eocenes des environs de Pau. Memoires de la Societe geologique de France, serie 2, 3: 457 - 502." type="journal article" year="1850">Rouault, 1850</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is a junior homonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF1E411FC77F804FAA2F858" authority="Gmelin, 1791" authorityName="Gmelin" authorityYear="1791" box="[975,1315,2001,2027]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="trigonus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF1E411FC77F804FBF9F858" box="[975,1144,2002,2027]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="516">Murex trigonus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF1E411FB38F807FAA2F858" author="GMELIN J. F." box="[1152,1315,2001,2027]" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" pagination="3021 - 3910" refId="ref44669" refString="GMELIN J. F. 1791 (ed.). - Caroli a Linnaei Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, part Vermes. Ed. 13. Tome 1 (6). G. E. Beer, Leipzig: 3021 - 3910. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36932" type="book chapter" year="1791">Gmelin, 1791</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF1E41EFADBF804FF53F9DF" author="MAGNE A." lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="517" pageId="23" pageNumber="516" pagination="28 - 36" refId="ref46270" refString="MAGNE A. 1941. - Sur quelques especes nouvelles ou interessantes provenant du Calcaire a Asteries de la Souys. Proces-verbaux de la Societe linneenne de Bordeaux 91: 28 - 36." type="journal article" year="1941">Magne (1941)</bibRefCitation>
, a homonymy as yet uncorrected. Therefore, we propose the new name
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFEE41EFE37F9A4FDCFF93F" box="[399,590,1650,1676]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="magnei">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFE37F9A4FDCFF93F" box="[399,590,1650,1676]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">Timbellus magnei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
n. name herein. The juvenile specimens illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFEE41EFD89F944FD5EF91E" author="ROUAULT A." box="[561,735,1682,1709]" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" pagination="457 - 502" refId="ref48421" refString="ROUAULT A. 1850. - Description des fossiles eocenes des environs de Pau. Memoires de la Societe geologique de France, serie 2, 3: 457 - 502." type="journal article" year="1850">Rouault (1850)</bibRefCitation>
are characterized by low intervarices varying from three to five (compare
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFEE41EFF4AF904FE46F95F" box="[242,455,1746,1772]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[132,143,1467,1484]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-413@24.[698,1267,772,1332]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 12. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus magnei n. name (A-F) and T. palensis (Magne, 1941) (G-I): A, neotype, BMNH 69802 (Seaman coll.), Bos d’Arros,Pyrénées-Atlantiques,Aquitaine Basin, France,early Eocene (Ypresian);B, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen and protoconch,Gan (Tuilerie),Pyrénées-Atlantiques,early Eocene (Ypresian);C, D, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen,Gan (Tuilerie);E, F, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); G, MNHN.F.A90553 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie); H, I, MNHN.F.A32509 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie). Scale bars: A, G, 5 mm; B, 2 mm; C-F, H, I, 10 mm. Credits: A, D. Serrette (MNHN); B, L. Cazes; E-I, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985786" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985786/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">Fig. 12C, D and G</figureCitation>
). This character is present on the early whorls of the adults of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFEE41EFE48F925FF44F89F" authority="sensu Merle (1990" authorityName="sensu Merle" authorityYear="1990" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tripteroides">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFE48F925FD3FF8BF" box="[496,702,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">T. tripteroides sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFEE41EFD7FF924FF44F89F" author="MERLE D." pageId="24" pageNumber="517" pagination="145 - 185" refId="ref46577" refString="MERLE D. 1990. - Revision des Muricidae du Cuisien de Gan et de Bos d'Arros (Bassin d'Aquitaine, France). Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris 4 eme ser., 11 (1989), sect. C, 3: 145 - 185." type="journal article" year="1990">Merle (1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: pl. 2, figs 13, 14 only). Thus, one can accept that these large
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFEE41EFF78F8E4FDA9F8FF" authority="sensu Merle (1990)" authorityName="sensu Merle" authorityYear="1990" box="[192,552,1841,1868]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tripteroides">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFF78F8E4FE0FF8F8" box="[192,398,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">T. tripteroides sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFEE41EFE2DF8E7FDA9F8FF" author="MERLE D." box="[405,552,1841,1868]" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" pagination="145 - 185" refId="ref46577" refString="MERLE D. 1990. - Revision des Muricidae du Cuisien de Gan et de Bos d'Arros (Bassin d'Aquitaine, France). Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris 4 eme ser., 11 (1989), sect. C, 3: 145 - 185." type="journal article" year="1990">Merle (1990)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
correspond to adult specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFEE41EFEAFF884FEFEF8D8" box="[279,383,1874,1899]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="magnei">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFEAFF884FEFEF8D8" box="[279,383,1874,1899]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">T. magnei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
n. name.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFEE41EFE55F887FD29F8D8" box="[493,680,1873,1899]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="magnei">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFE55F887FD29F8D8" box="[493,680,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">Timbellus magnei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
n. name is easily separated from typical
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFEE41EFE50F8A4FDFCF838" authorityName="sensu Merle" authorityYear="1990" box="[488,637,1905,1931]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tripteroides">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFE50F8A4FDFCF838" box="[488,637,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">T. tripteroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a multispiral protoconch (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFEE41EFE34F847FE6AF818" box="[396,491,1937,1963]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[132,143,1467,1484]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-413@24.[698,1267,772,1332]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 12. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus magnei n. name (A-F) and T. palensis (Magne, 1941) (G-I): A, neotype, BMNH 69802 (Seaman coll.), Bos d’Arros,Pyrénées-Atlantiques,Aquitaine Basin, France,early Eocene (Ypresian);B, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen and protoconch,Gan (Tuilerie),Pyrénées-Atlantiques,early Eocene (Ypresian);C, D, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen,Gan (Tuilerie);E, F, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); G, MNHN.F.A90553 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie); H, I, MNHN.F.A32509 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie). Scale bars: A, G, 5 mm; B, 2 mm; C-F, H, I, 10 mm. Credits: A, D. Serrette (MNHN); B, L. Cazes; E-I, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985786" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985786/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
), whilst typical
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFEE41EFD29F847FC84F818" authorityName="sensu Merle" authorityYear="1990" box="[657,773,1937,1963]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tripteroides">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFD29F847FC84F818" box="[657,773,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">tripteroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a paucipiral protoconch (see
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFEE41EFE51F867FDDFF878" box="[489,606,1969,1996]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="19.[132,143,711,728]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,669]" captionTargetId="figure-804@19.[160,986,229,644]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIG. 8. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus occidentalisn. sp.(A-C) and T. tripteroides (Lamarck,1822) for comparison (D-E): A, B, holotype,MNHN.F.A90533 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville,Manche,Normandy,France, middle Eocene (upper Lutetian);C, paratype,MNHN.F.A24031 (Vasseur coll.), Saffré (Bois-Gouët), Loire-Atlantique, Loire Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian); D, E, MNHN.F.A90540 (Merle coll.), Beynes (Ferme de l’Orme), Yvelines, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian). Scale bars: 5 mm. Credits: A-C, P. Loubry; D, E, L. Cazes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985776" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985776/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">Fig. 8D, E</figureCitation>
) and by having more and lower intervarices.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF586644FFFEE41EFF3CFA6DFBAAF994" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985786" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13985786" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985786/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" startId="24.[132,143,1467,1484]" targetBox="[132,1455,215,1424]" targetPageId="24" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFEE41EFF3CFA6DFBAAF994" blockId="24.[132,1457,1467,1575]" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFEE41EFF3CFA6DFF1CFA78" baselines="1480,1480" box="[132,157,1467,1484]" lowerCaseFontSize="5" mainFontSize="7" normCase="title" normString="Fig" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">FIG</smallCapsWord>
. 12. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFEE41EFD2FFA6DFCA8FA7F" box="[663,809,1467,1484]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="magnei">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFD2FFA6DFCA8FA7F" box="[663,809,1467,1484]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">Timbellus magnei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
n. name (
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFCC5FA6DFC1DFA7F" bold="true" box="[893,924,1467,1484]" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">A -F</emphasis>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFEE41EFC74FA6DFB23FA7F" authority="(Magne, 1941)" baseAuthorityName="Magne" baseAuthorityYear="1941" box="[972,1186,1467,1484]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="palensis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFC74FA6DFBA4FA7F" box="[972,1061,1467,1484]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">T. palensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFEE41EFB97FA6DFB1FFA7F" author="MAGNE A." box="[1071,1182,1467,1484]" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" pagination="28 - 36" refId="ref46270" refString="MAGNE A. 1941. - Sur quelques especes nouvelles ou interessantes provenant du Calcaire a Asteries de la Souys. Proces-verbaux de la Societe linneenne de Bordeaux 91: 28 - 36." type="journal article" year="1941">Magne, 1941</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFB15FA6DFB49FA7F" bold="true" box="[1197,1224,1467,1484]" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">G -I</emphasis>
):
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFB6FFA6DFB65FA7F" bold="true" box="[1239,1252,1467,1484]" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">A</emphasis>
, neotype, BMNH 69802 (Seaman coll.), Bos d’Arros,Pyrénées-Atlantiques,Aquitaine Basin, France,early Eocene (Ypresian);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFC78FA04FC4CFA50" bold="true" box="[960,973,1490,1507]" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">B</emphasis>
, MNHN.F.A90545 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFEE41EFBD5FA04FB1DFA50" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1133,1180,1490,1507]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.), juvenile specimen and protoconch,Gan (Tuilerie),Pyrénées-Atlantiques,early Eocene (Ypresian);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFD7EFA3EFD55FA4A" bold="true" box="[710,724,1512,1529]" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFD65FA3EFD6AFA4A" bold="true" box="[733,747,1512,1529]" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">D</emphasis>
, MNHN.F.A32508 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFEE41EFC30FA3EFC36FA4A" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[904,951,1512,1529]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.), juvenile specimen,Gan (Tuilerie);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFB41FA3EFA84FA4A" bold="true" box="[1273,1285,1512,1529]" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">E</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFAB6FA3EFA98FA4A" bold="true" box="[1294,1305,1512,1529]" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">F</emphasis>
, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFECAFA29FE01F9A3" bold="true" box="[370,384,1535,1552]" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">G</emphasis>
, MNHN.F.A90553 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFEE41EFD9AFA29FDD0F9A3" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[546,593,1535,1552]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFC26FA29FC2DF9A3" bold="true" box="[926,940,1535,1552]" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">H</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFC0FFA29FC3CF9A3" bold="true" box="[951,957,1535,1552]" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">I</emphasis>
, MNHN.F.A32509 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFEE41EFBE6FA29FB0CF9A3" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1118,1165,1535,1552]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.), Gan (Tuilerie). Scale bars: A, G, 5 mm; B, 2 mm; C-F, H, I, 10 mm. Credits: A, D. Serrette (MNHN); B, L. Cazes; E-I, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFEE41FFCFBF984FEE9FBDC" blockId="24.[810,1457,1618,2028]" lastBlockId="25.[131,778,949,1135]" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="518" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFEE41EFCFBF984FB32F9DF" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; O'GORMAN G." box="[835,1203,1618,1644]" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" refId="ref43730" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; O'GORMAN G. 1923. - Description des mollusques, in O'GORMAN G. (ed.), Le gisement cuisien de Gan (Basses Pyrenees). Cossmann, Pau, 188 p." type="book" year="1923">Cossmann &amp; O’Gorman (1923)</bibRefCitation>
misinterpreted
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFEE41EFAD3F985FB9AF93F" authority="sensu Rouault" authorityName="sensu Rouault" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="trigonus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFAD3F985FC3DF93F" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">Murex trigonus sensu</emphasis>
Rouault
</taxonomicName>
and illustrated a specimen typical of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFEE41EFC26F944FC78F91F" authorityName="Houart" authorityYear="1986" box="[926,1017,1682,1708]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Ponderia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFC26F944FC78F91F" box="[926,1017,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">Ponderia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFEE41EFBB0F945FAA3F91F" authority="(Magne, 1941)" baseAuthorityName="Magne" baseAuthorityYear="1941" box="[1032,1314,1682,1708]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Ponderia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="daguini">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFBB0F945FBF3F91F" box="[1032,1138,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">P. daguini</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFEE41EFB39F944FA98F91F" author="MAGNE A." box="[1153,1305,1682,1708]" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" pagination="28 - 36" refId="ref46270" refString="MAGNE A. 1941. - Sur quelques especes nouvelles ou interessantes provenant du Calcaire a Asteries de la Souys. Proces-verbaux de la Societe linneenne de Bordeaux 91: 28 - 36." type="journal article" year="1941">Magne, 1941</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. In addition,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFEE41EFC96F964FB17F97F" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; O'GORMAN G." box="[814,1174,1714,1740]" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" refId="ref43730" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; O'GORMAN G. 1923. - Description des mollusques, in O'GORMAN G. (ed.), Le gisement cuisien de Gan (Basses Pyrenees). Cossmann, Pau, 188 p." type="book" year="1923">Cossmann &amp; O’Gorman (1923)</bibRefCitation>
described and figured an adult specimen of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFEE41EFC47F904FBE9F95F" box="[1023,1128,1746,1772]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFC47F904FBE9F95F" box="[1023,1128,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">Timbellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that Cosmann named
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFEE41EFAD4F905FBEEF8BF" authority="Lamarck, 1803" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1803" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tricarinatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFAD4F905FA30F95F" box="[1388,1457,1747,1772]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">Murex</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFCF4F925FC45F8BF" box="[844,964,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">tricarinatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFEE41EFC72F924FBEEF8BF" author="LAMARCK J. - B." box="[970,1135,1778,1804]" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" pagination="217 - 227" refId="ref45566" refString="LAMARCK J. - B. 1803. - Memoires sur les fossiles des environs de Paris (suite 1). Annales du Museum d'Histoire naturelle 2 (9): 217 - 227." type="journal article" year="1803">Lamarck, 1803</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFEE41EFBCFF924FA90F8BF" author="MAGNE A." box="[1143,1297,1778,1804]" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" pagination="28 - 36" refId="ref46270" refString="MAGNE A. 1941. - Sur quelques especes nouvelles ou interessantes provenant du Calcaire a Asteries de la Souys. Proces-verbaux de la Societe linneenne de Bordeaux 91: 28 - 36." type="journal article" year="1941">Magne (1941)</bibRefCitation>
gave the name
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFEE41EFC93F8C4FBD4F89F" box="[811,1109,1810,1836]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="palensis" subGenus="Pteropurpura">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFC93F8C4FCECF898" box="[811,877,1810,1835]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">Murex</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFCC3F8C4FC7FF898" box="[891,1022,1810,1835]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">Pteropurpura</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFBB3F8C4FBD4F89F" box="[1035,1109,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">palensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFEE41EFBCAF8C4FCE2F8FF" authority="Lamarck, 1803" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1803" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tricarinatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFBCAF8C4FB35F898" box="[1138,1204,1810,1835]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">Murex</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFB6FF8C4FACBF898" box="[1239,1354,1810,1835]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">tricarinatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFEE41EFAF6F8C4FCE2F8FF" author="LAMARCK J. - B." pageId="24" pageNumber="517" pagination="217 - 227" refId="ref45566" refString="LAMARCK J. - B. 1803. - Memoires sur les fossiles des environs de Paris (suite 1). Annales du Museum d'Histoire naturelle 2 (9): 217 - 227." type="journal article" year="1803">Lamarck, 1803</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFCC1F8E4FC2EF8F8" box="[889,943,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFEE41EFC00F8E4FBF0F8FF" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; O'GORMAN G." box="[952,1137,1842,1868]" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" refId="ref43730" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; O'GORMAN G. 1923. - Description des mollusques, in O'GORMAN G. (ed.), Le gisement cuisien de Gan (Basses Pyrenees). Cossmann, Pau, 188 p." type="book" year="1923">Cossmann 1923</bibRefCitation>
) and demonstrated that the juvenile specimens illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFEE41EFB24F887FAC7F8DF" author="ROUAULT A." box="[1180,1350,1873,1900]" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" pagination="457 - 502" refId="ref48421" refString="ROUAULT A. 1850. - Description des fossiles eocenes des environs de Pau. Memoires de la Societe geologique de France, serie 2, 3: 457 - 502." type="journal article" year="1850">Rouault (1850)</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFEE41EFAD5F884FC01F838" authorityName="sensu Rouault" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="trigonus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFAD5F884FC01F838" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">Murex trigonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were not juveniles of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFEE41EFBD5F8A4FA29F838" box="[1133,1448,1905,1931]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="palensis" subGenus="Pteropurpura">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFBD5F8A4FB30F838" box="[1133,1201,1906,1931]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">Murex</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFB79F8A4FACBF838" box="[1217,1354,1906,1931]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">Pteropurpura</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFAE2F8A7FA29F838" box="[1370,1448,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">palensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We discovered a young specimen from Gan differing from the juveniles of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFEE41EFC69F864FBB7F878" box="[977,1078,1970,1995]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="517" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="magnei">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFEE41EFC69F864FBB7F878" box="[977,1078,1970,1995]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">T. magnei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
n. name. It displays one high intervarix between each varix (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFEE41EFBF9F807FB22F858" box="[1089,1187,2001,2027]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[132,143,1467,1484]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-413@24.[698,1267,772,1332]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 12. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus magnei n. name (A-F) and T. palensis (Magne, 1941) (G-I): A, neotype, BMNH 69802 (Seaman coll.), Bos d’Arros,Pyrénées-Atlantiques,Aquitaine Basin, France,early Eocene (Ypresian);B, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen and protoconch,Gan (Tuilerie),Pyrénées-Atlantiques,early Eocene (Ypresian);C, D, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen,Gan (Tuilerie);E, F, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); G, MNHN.F.A90553 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie); H, I, MNHN.F.A32509 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie). Scale bars: A, G, 5 mm; B, 2 mm; C-F, H, I, 10 mm. Credits: A, D. Serrette (MNHN); B, L. Cazes; E-I, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985786" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985786/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="517">Fig. 12G</figureCitation>
), a character also present on the early teleoconch whorls of well preserved adults of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFD49FC63FF53FC5D" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="palensis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFD49FC63FF53FC5D" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. palensis</emphasis>
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(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFFE41FFF5AFC02FEDDFC5C" box="[226,348,980,1007]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[132,143,1467,1484]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-413@24.[698,1267,772,1332]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 12. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus magnei n. name (A-F) and T. palensis (Magne, 1941) (G-I): A, neotype, BMNH 69802 (Seaman coll.), Bos d’Arros,Pyrénées-Atlantiques,Aquitaine Basin, France,early Eocene (Ypresian);B, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen and protoconch,Gan (Tuilerie),Pyrénées-Atlantiques,early Eocene (Ypresian);C, D, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen,Gan (Tuilerie);E, F, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); G, MNHN.F.A90553 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie); H, I, MNHN.F.A32509 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie). Scale bars: A, G, 5 mm; B, 2 mm; C-F, H, I, 10 mm. Credits: A, D. Serrette (MNHN); B, L. Cazes; E-I, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985786" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985786/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Fig. 12H, I</figureCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFFE41FFEC9FC02FD32FC5C" author="DOUVILLE H. &amp; O'GORMAN G." box="[369,691,980,1007]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" pagination="351 - 383" refId="ref44174" refString="DOUVILLE H. &amp; O'GORMAN G. 1929. - L'Eocene du Bearn. Description de la faune de Biron. Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France serie 4, 29: 351 - 383." type="journal article" year="1929">Douvillé &amp; O’Gorman (1929</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 29, fig. 1) figured a specimen from the early Eocene of Biron (near Orthez) and called it
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFE19FBC3FDDCFB9D" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1822" box="[417,605,1044,1070]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tripteroides">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFE19FBC3FDDCFB9D" box="[417,605,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Murex tripteroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. That specimen bears one high intervarix between each varix and possibly represents
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFF4EFB83FEE0FBDD" box="[246,353,1108,1134]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="palensis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFF4EFB83FEE0FBDD" box="[246,353,1108,1134]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. palensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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425
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFC7AFC40FB59FC03" bold="true" box="[962,1240,918,944]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">Timbellus submicropterus</emphasis>
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(
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A-H, K; 27A-D)
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFC95FB93FCEBFBEF" box="[813,874,1093,1116]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">Murex</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFCCFFB93FC60FBEF" box="[887,993,1093,1116]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">Pterymurex</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFC56FB93FBDBFBEF" box="[1006,1114,1093,1116]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">tricarinatus</emphasis>
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–
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, pl. 14, fig. 1 [
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFC0BFB89FC56FBC5" box="[947,983,1119,1142]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">non</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFC95FB4EFC7CFB1C" box="[813,1021,1176,1200]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">Timbellus micropterus</emphasis>
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–
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Merle
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFBE1FB4EFB08FB03" box="[1113,1161,1176,1200]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">et al.</emphasis>
2011: 448
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, pl. 102, fig. 4a, b only [
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFCDEFB65FC0BFB79" box="[870,906,1203,1226]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">non</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFAE41AFC28FB64FBABFB79" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[912,1066,1202,1226]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" pagination="101 - 107" refId="ref44001" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1865. - Description des Animaux sans vertebres decouverts dans le bassin de Paris pour servir de supplement a la description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris, comprenant une revue generale de toutes les especes actuellement connues. Tome 3. Bailliere, Paris, Livraisons 45 - 46, p. 201 - 288; Atlas 2, pl. 86 - 93 [2 January]; Livraisons 47 - 48, p. 289 - 424, Atlas 2, pl. 94 - 100 [10 June]; Livraisons 49 - 50, p. 425 - 668; Atlas 2, pl. 101 - 107 [15 December]." type="journal article" year="1865">Deshayes, 1865</bibRefCitation>
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<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFAE41AFC95FB3EFB8CF990" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFAE41AFC95FB3EFC05FAFC" blockId="28.[811,1457,1255,1571]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFFAE41AFC95FB3EFC05FAFC" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="de Fresville" country="France" location="Calcaire de Fresville" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Haute-Normandie" typeStatus="holotype">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFAE41AFCD1FB3BFC4DFB4D" baselines="1274" box="[873,972,1261,1278]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="material" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">MATERIAL</smallCapsWord>
. —
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFBB8FB31FB3BFB4C" bold="true" box="[1024,1210,1255,1279]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFFAE41AFBB8FB31FBE6FB4C" box="[1024,1127,1255,1279]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFFAE41AFBCCFB31FB3BFB4C" box="[1140,1210,1255,1279]" name="France" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
•
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFFAE41AFB6EFB31FAC9FB4C" box="[1238,1352,1255,1279]" country="France" name="Haute-Normandie" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">Normandy</collectingRegion>
, Manche, Fresville;
<location id="8EF86017FFFAE41AFC34FAD4FBD6FAA9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFFAE41BFC7AFC40FC86F858:8EF86017FFFAE41AFC34FAD4FBD6FAA9" box="[908,1111,1282,1306]" country="France" name="Calcaire de Fresville" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" stateProvince="Haute-Normandie">
Calcaire
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFFAE41AFC5CFAD4FBD6FAA9" box="[996,1111,1282,1306]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">de Fresville</collectorName>
</location>
; middle Eocene (uppermost Lutetian);
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFFAE41AFCD0FACBFC3FFA87" box="[872,958,1309,1332]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A24111 (
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFFAE41AFB88FACAFB04FA87" box="[1072,1157,1308,1332]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">MNHN</collectionCode>
coll.), H:
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFFAE41AFB52FACAFAC5FA87" box="[1258,1348,1308,1332]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.36" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" unit="mm" value="23.6">23.6 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFAE41AFAEAFACAFCBEFAFD" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[132,143,1872,1889]" captionTargetBox="[147,1440,260,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-206@30.[700,1256,828,1396]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 16. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus submicropterus n. sp. (A-H, K) and T. micropterus (Deshayes, 1835) (I, J, L): A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, Manche, Normandy, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, Manche, middle Eocene (Lutetian); E, F, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; G, H, MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan- Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), Loire-Atlantique, Loire Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian); I, J, MNHN.F.A32522 (Faullummel coll.), Le Limon, Seine-et-Marne, Paris Basin, France,middle Eocene (Bartonian);K, paratype (protoconch), MNHN.F.A90556 (MNHN coll.), Fresville; L, MNHN.F.A90558 (Faullummel coll., protoconch), Chavençon (Carrière Tuyttens), Oise, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian). Scale bars: A-J, 10 mm; K, L, 0.5 mm. Credits: A-D, I, J, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E, F, E. Robert (UCBL); G, H, K, L, L. Cazes (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985800/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">Figs 16A, B</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFAE41AFCF2FAE1FCF9FAFC" box="[842,888,1335,1359]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[132,143,1606,1623]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1546]" captionTargetId="figure-366@46.[699,1260,794,1359]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 27. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885, Pterynotus Swainson, 1833 (Pterymarchia Houart, 1995), Textiliomurex Merle, 2011, Ponderia Houart, 1986 and Flexopteron Shuto, 1969: A-C, Timbellus submicropterus n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, France, Lutetian; B, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, France, Lutetian; C, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; D, T. cf. submicropterus n. sp., MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan-Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), France, Bartonian; E, F, Pterynotus (Pterymarchia) gaasensis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A32492 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos), France, Rupelian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos); G, H, P. (P.) pelouatensis n. sp.: G, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), France, Burdigalian; H, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua); I, J, Textiliomurex chodmonensis n. sp.: I, holotype, MNHN.F.A81144 (Pacaud coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy), France, Lutetian; J, paratype, MNHN.F.A81145 (Pons coll.), Chaumont-en- Vexin (Carrière Darcy); K, L, Ponderia remyi n. sp.: K, holotype, MNHN.F.A90548 (Remy coll.), Fresville, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A90555, Fresville (Remy coll.); M, N, Flexopteron constantinense n. sp.: M, paratype, MNHN.F.A77761 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin), France, Priabonian; N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77760 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin). Scale bars: A-D, I-L, 10 mm; E-H, N, 5 mm; M, 3 mm. Credits: A, B, D-F, N, P. Loubry (MNHN/ CNRS); C, E. Robert (UCBL)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985831/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">27A</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFAE41AFC95FA87FB8CF990" blockId="28.[811,1457,1255,1571]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFFAE41AFC95FA87FB92FA2D" collectorName="Bourdot" country="France" location="France" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" specimenCode="UCBL-EM 33438" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFC95FA87FC5DFADA" bold="true" box="[813,988,1361,1385]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFFAE41AFC95FA87FC0EFADA" box="[813,911,1361,1385]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFFAE41AFC22FA87FC5DFADA" box="[922,988,1361,1385]" name="France" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• 1 spm; same as for the holotype;
<specimenCode id="DB819EB7FFFAE41AFAF9FA87FCECFA37" collectionCode="UCBL-EM" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">UCBL-EM 33438</specimenCode>
(
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFFAE41AFCC4FABAFC4EFA37" box="[892,975,1388,1412]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">Bourdot</collectorName>
coll., figured specimen of
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFAE41AFB61FABAFCDEFA2D" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G." pageId="28" pageNumber="521" pagination="61 - 140" refId="ref43809" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G. 1901. - Faune eocenique du Cotentin. 2 eme article. Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de Normandie 20: 11 - 90. [Also published as Cossmann M. &amp; Pissarro G. 1901. - Faune eocenique du Cotentin (Mollusques), Tome 1, Fascicule 2, Imprimerie du Journal Le Havre, Le Havre, 61 - 140]." type="book chapter" year="1901">Cossmann &amp; Pissarro 1901</bibRefCitation>
)(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFAE41AFCC9FA50FC5BFA2D" box="[881,986,1414,1438]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[132,143,1872,1889]" captionTargetBox="[147,1440,260,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-206@30.[700,1256,828,1396]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 16. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus submicropterus n. sp. (A-H, K) and T. micropterus (Deshayes, 1835) (I, J, L): A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, Manche, Normandy, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, Manche, middle Eocene (Lutetian); E, F, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; G, H, MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan- Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), Loire-Atlantique, Loire Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian); I, J, MNHN.F.A32522 (Faullummel coll.), Le Limon, Seine-et-Marne, Paris Basin, France,middle Eocene (Bartonian);K, paratype (protoconch), MNHN.F.A90556 (MNHN coll.), Fresville; L, MNHN.F.A90558 (Faullummel coll., protoconch), Chavençon (Carrière Tuyttens), Oise, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian). Scale bars: A-J, 10 mm; K, L, 0.5 mm. Credits: A-D, I, J, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E, F, E. Robert (UCBL); G, H, K, L, L. Cazes (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985800/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">Figs 16E, F</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFAE41AFC58FA50FB8DFA2D" box="[992,1036,1414,1438]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[132,143,1606,1623]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1546]" captionTargetId="figure-366@46.[699,1260,794,1359]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 27. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885, Pterynotus Swainson, 1833 (Pterymarchia Houart, 1995), Textiliomurex Merle, 2011, Ponderia Houart, 1986 and Flexopteron Shuto, 1969: A-C, Timbellus submicropterus n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, France, Lutetian; B, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, France, Lutetian; C, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; D, T. cf. submicropterus n. sp., MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan-Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), France, Bartonian; E, F, Pterynotus (Pterymarchia) gaasensis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A32492 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos), France, Rupelian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos); G, H, P. (P.) pelouatensis n. sp.: G, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), France, Burdigalian; H, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua); I, J, Textiliomurex chodmonensis n. sp.: I, holotype, MNHN.F.A81144 (Pacaud coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy), France, Lutetian; J, paratype, MNHN.F.A81145 (Pons coll.), Chaumont-en- Vexin (Carrière Darcy); K, L, Ponderia remyi n. sp.: K, holotype, MNHN.F.A90548 (Remy coll.), Fresville, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A90555, Fresville (Remy coll.); M, N, Flexopteron constantinense n. sp.: M, paratype, MNHN.F.A77761 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin), France, Priabonian; N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77760 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin). Scale bars: A-D, I-L, 10 mm; E-H, N, 5 mm; M, 3 mm. Credits: A, B, D-F, N, P. Loubry (MNHN/ CNRS); C, E. Robert (UCBL)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985831/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">27C</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFFAE41AFBAFFA51FC4EFA0A" collectorName="Bourdot" country="France" location="France" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" specimenCode="UCBL-EM 33438" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
• 1 spm; idem;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFFAE41AFB26FA51FB71FA2D" box="[1182,1264,1415,1438]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90556 (
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFFAE41AFAE5FA50FA2EFA2D" box="[1373,1455,1414,1438]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">MNHN</collectionCode>
coll.) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFAE41AFCD7FA77FC49FA0A" box="[879,968,1441,1465]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[132,143,1872,1889]" captionTargetBox="[147,1440,260,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-206@30.[700,1256,828,1396]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 16. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus submicropterus n. sp. (A-H, K) and T. micropterus (Deshayes, 1835) (I, J, L): A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, Manche, Normandy, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, Manche, middle Eocene (Lutetian); E, F, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; G, H, MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan- Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), Loire-Atlantique, Loire Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian); I, J, MNHN.F.A32522 (Faullummel coll.), Le Limon, Seine-et-Marne, Paris Basin, France,middle Eocene (Bartonian);K, paratype (protoconch), MNHN.F.A90556 (MNHN coll.), Fresville; L, MNHN.F.A90558 (Faullummel coll., protoconch), Chavençon (Carrière Tuyttens), Oise, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian). Scale bars: A-J, 10 mm; K, L, 0.5 mm. Credits: A-D, I, J, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E, F, E. Robert (UCBL); G, H, K, L, L. Cazes (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985800/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">Fig. 16K</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFFAE41AFC51FA77FCE3FA60" collectorName="Bourdot" country="France" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
1 spm; idem;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFFAE41AFBC0FA77FB4DFA0B" box="[1144,1228,1441,1464]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.B63700 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFFAE41AFAF8FA77FA2EFA0A" box="[1344,1455,1441,1465]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">de Morgan</collectorName>
coll.)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFFAE41AFCC6FA6DFB81F990" collectorName="Manche &amp; Gourbesville" country="France" location="Normandy" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Haute-Normandie" typeStatus="paratype">
1 spm;
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFFAE41AFC76FA6DFBBFFA60" box="[974,1086,1467,1491]" country="France" name="Haute-Normandie" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">Normandy</collectingRegion>
,
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFFAE41AFBF1FA6DFB1EFA60" box="[1097,1183,1467,1491]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">Manche</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFFAE41AFB13FA6DFAB1FA60" box="[1195,1328,1467,1491]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">Gourbesville</collectorName>
;
<location id="8EF86017FFFAE41AFA84FA6DFC05FA5D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFFAE41BFC7AFC40FC86F858:8EF86017FFFAE41AFA84FA6DFC05FA5D" country="France" name="Calcaire de Fresville" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">Calcaire de Fresville</location>
;
<location id="8EF86017FFFAE41AFC37FA00FBAAFA5D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFFAE41BFC7AFC40FC86F858:8EF86017FFFAE41AFC37FA00FBAAFA5D" box="[911,1067,1494,1518]" country="France" name="upper Lutetian" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">upper Lutetian</location>
;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFFAE41AFB8EFA00FB0AFA5E" box="[1078,1163,1494,1517]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A24126 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFFAE41AFABAFA00FA2EFA5D" box="[1282,1455,1494,1518]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">Munier-Chalmas</collectorName>
coll.), figured specimen of
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFAE41AFB97FA26FA90F9BB" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[1071,1297,1520,1544]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFAE41AFB97FA26FBE9F9BB" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1071,1128,1520,1544]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFBD6FA27FB1CF9BB" box="[1134,1181,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">et al.</emphasis>
(2011: 135
</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 102, fig. 4a, b) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFAE41AFCE8F9DCFC4AF991" box="[848,971,1546,1571]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[132,143,1872,1889]" captionTargetBox="[147,1440,260,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-206@30.[700,1256,828,1396]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 16. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus submicropterus n. sp. (A-H, K) and T. micropterus (Deshayes, 1835) (I, J, L): A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, Manche, Normandy, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, Manche, middle Eocene (Lutetian); E, F, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; G, H, MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan- Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), Loire-Atlantique, Loire Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian); I, J, MNHN.F.A32522 (Faullummel coll.), Le Limon, Seine-et-Marne, Paris Basin, France,middle Eocene (Bartonian);K, paratype (protoconch), MNHN.F.A90556 (MNHN coll.), Fresville; L, MNHN.F.A90558 (Faullummel coll., protoconch), Chavençon (Carrière Tuyttens), Oise, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian). Scale bars: A-J, 10 mm; K, L, 0.5 mm. Credits: A-D, I, J, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E, F, E. Robert (UCBL); G, H, K, L, L. Cazes (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985800/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">Figs 16C, D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFAE41AFC6DF9DDFB81F990" box="[981,1024,1547,1571]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[132,143,1606,1623]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1546]" captionTargetId="figure-366@46.[699,1260,794,1359]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 27. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885, Pterynotus Swainson, 1833 (Pterymarchia Houart, 1995), Textiliomurex Merle, 2011, Ponderia Houart, 1986 and Flexopteron Shuto, 1969: A-C, Timbellus submicropterus n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, France, Lutetian; B, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, France, Lutetian; C, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; D, T. cf. submicropterus n. sp., MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan-Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), France, Bartonian; E, F, Pterynotus (Pterymarchia) gaasensis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A32492 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos), France, Rupelian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos); G, H, P. (P.) pelouatensis n. sp.: G, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), France, Burdigalian; H, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua); I, J, Textiliomurex chodmonensis n. sp.: I, holotype, MNHN.F.A81144 (Pacaud coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy), France, Lutetian; J, paratype, MNHN.F.A81145 (Pons coll.), Chaumont-en- Vexin (Carrière Darcy); K, L, Ponderia remyi n. sp.: K, holotype, MNHN.F.A90548 (Remy coll.), Fresville, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A90555, Fresville (Remy coll.); M, N, Flexopteron constantinense n. sp.: M, paratype, MNHN.F.A77761 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin), France, Priabonian; N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77760 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin). Scale bars: A-D, I-L, 10 mm; E-H, N, 5 mm; M, 3 mm. Credits: A, B, D-F, N, P. Loubry (MNHN/ CNRS); C, E. Robert (UCBL)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985831/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">27B</figureCitation>
</materialsCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFAE41AFC95F997FA31F96D" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFAE41AFC95F997FA31F96D" blockId="28.[813,1457,1601,1758]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFAE41AFC95F997FC2DF9EB" baselines="1619,1620" box="[813,940,1601,1625]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Additional" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">ADDITIONAL</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFAE41AFC0CF991FB94F9EB" baselines="1620" box="[948,1045,1607,1624]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="material" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">MATERIAL</smallCapsWord>
(material referring to
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFAE41AFB46F997FC1CF9C0" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="submicropterus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFB46F997FADEF9EA" box="[1278,1375,1601,1625]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">Timbellus</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFA3FF997FC1CF9C0" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">submicropterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFFAE41AFC1DF98AFC61F9C7" box="[933,992,1628,1652]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
). —
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFFAE41AFBA1F98AFBF6F91A" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFBA1F98AFBDCF9C7" bold="true" box="[1049,1117,1628,1652]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFFAE41AFBA1F98AFBDCF9C7" box="[1049,1117,1628,1652]" name="France" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• 3 spm; Loire-Atlantique,
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFFAE41AFAC3F98AFA2EF9C7" box="[1403,1455,1628,1652]" country="France" name="Pays de la Loire" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">Loire</collectingRegion>
Basin, Saffré (Bois Gouët); middle Eocene (lower Bartonian); MNHN.F.A29660 (Pacaud coll.)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFFAE41AFB29F947FA31F96D" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">
2 spm; Saint-Aignan-GrandLieu (Pierre-Aiguë), Loire-Atlantique; idem; MNHN.F.A29662, (Brébion coll.),MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll. (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFAE41AFB42F913FAEFF96E" box="[1274,1390,1733,1758]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[132,143,1872,1889]" captionTargetBox="[147,1440,260,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-206@30.[700,1256,828,1396]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 16. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus submicropterus n. sp. (A-H, K) and T. micropterus (Deshayes, 1835) (I, J, L): A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, Manche, Normandy, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, Manche, middle Eocene (Lutetian); E, F, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; G, H, MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan- Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), Loire-Atlantique, Loire Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian); I, J, MNHN.F.A32522 (Faullummel coll.), Le Limon, Seine-et-Marne, Paris Basin, France,middle Eocene (Bartonian);K, paratype (protoconch), MNHN.F.A90556 (MNHN coll.), Fresville; L, MNHN.F.A90558 (Faullummel coll., protoconch), Chavençon (Carrière Tuyttens), Oise, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian). Scale bars: A-J, 10 mm; K, L, 0.5 mm. Credits: A-D, I, J, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E, F, E. Robert (UCBL); G, H, K, L, L. Cazes (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985800/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">Figs 16G, H</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFAE41AFACCF910FA22F96D" box="[1396,1443,1734,1758]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[132,143,1606,1623]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1546]" captionTargetId="figure-366@46.[699,1260,794,1359]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 27. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885, Pterynotus Swainson, 1833 (Pterymarchia Houart, 1995), Textiliomurex Merle, 2011, Ponderia Houart, 1986 and Flexopteron Shuto, 1969: A-C, Timbellus submicropterus n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, France, Lutetian; B, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, France, Lutetian; C, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; D, T. cf. submicropterus n. sp., MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan-Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), France, Bartonian; E, F, Pterynotus (Pterymarchia) gaasensis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A32492 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos), France, Rupelian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos); G, H, P. (P.) pelouatensis n. sp.: G, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), France, Burdigalian; H, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua); I, J, Textiliomurex chodmonensis n. sp.: I, holotype, MNHN.F.A81144 (Pacaud coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy), France, Lutetian; J, paratype, MNHN.F.A81145 (Pons coll.), Chaumont-en- Vexin (Carrière Darcy); K, L, Ponderia remyi n. sp.: K, holotype, MNHN.F.A90548 (Remy coll.), Fresville, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A90555, Fresville (Remy coll.); M, N, Flexopteron constantinense n. sp.: M, paratype, MNHN.F.A77761 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin), France, Priabonian; N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77760 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin). Scale bars: A-D, I-L, 10 mm; E-H, N, 5 mm; M, 3 mm. Credits: A, B, D-F, N, P. Loubry (MNHN/ CNRS); C, E. Robert (UCBL)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985831/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">27D</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFAE41AFC95F92BFCEFF8FA" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFAE41AFC95F92BFCEFF8FA" blockId="28.[811,1462,1788,1865]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFAE41AFC95F92BFC25F8A0" baselines="1806,1807" box="[813,932,1789,1812]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Etymology" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">ETYMOLOGY</smallCapsWord>
. — Name formed by the prefix
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFB77F92AFB77F8A7" box="[1231,1270,1788,1812]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">sub-</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFAE41AFA9BF92BFA0FF8A7" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[1315,1422,1789,1812]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micropterus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFA9BF92BFA0FF8A7" box="[1315,1422,1789,1812]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">micropterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for this species older than Bartonian
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFAE41AFBC9F8C1FCEAF8FA" authority="(Deshayes, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micropterus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFBC9F8C1FAC1F89D" box="[1137,1344,1815,1839]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">Timbellus micropterus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFAE41AFAF7F8C1FCE2F8FA" author="DESHAYES G. - P." pageId="28" pageNumber="521" pagination="79 - 106" refId="ref43930" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1835. - Description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris. Tome 2. Livraisons 40 - 45, l'auteur, Bechet Jeune, Baudouin freres, Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris: 499 - 780; Atlas 2, Levrault, Paris: pl. 79 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 52303" type="book chapter" year="1835">Deshayes, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFAE41AFC95F8BEFC41F85F" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFAE41AFC95F8BEFBFDF829" blockId="28.[811,1456,1896,1946]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFAE41AFC95F8BEFCDCF8CD" baselines="1913,1914" box="[813,861,1896,1919]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFAE41AFCDAF8BBFC3DF8CD" baselines="1914" box="[866,956,1901,1918]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="horizon" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">HORIZON</smallCapsWord>
. — Calcaire de Fresville, middle Eocene (uppermost Lutetian), see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFAE41AFC0EF854FBF7F829" author="BIGNOT G. &amp; HOMMERIL P. &amp; LARSONNEUR C." box="[950,1142,1922,1946]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" pagination="405 - 416" refId="ref42941" refString="BIGNOT G., HOMMERIL P. &amp; LARSONNEUR C. 1968. - Le Lutetien au large du Cotentin, in Colloque sur l'Eocene (Paris, mai 1968). Memoires BRGM 58: 405 - 416." type="journal article" year="1968">
Bignot
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFC47F855FBAFF829" box="[1023,1070,1922,1946]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">et al.</emphasis>
(1968)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFAE41AFC95F86FFC41F85F" blockId="28.[813,1457,1977,2028]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFAE41AFC95F86FFCE1F87C" baselines="1994,1995" box="[813,864,1977,2000]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFAE41AFCD1F868FC49F87C" baselines="1995" box="[873,968,1982,1999]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="locality" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">LOCALITY</smallCapsWord>
. —
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFFAE41AFC42F86FFBC0F863" box="[1018,1089,1977,2000]" name="France" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">France</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFFAE41AFBF6F86FFB3EF862" box="[1102,1215,1977,2001]" country="France" name="Haute-Normandie" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">Normandy</collectingRegion>
, Manche, Fresville, see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFAE41AFC97F805FC3DF85F" author="APGN &amp; ASSOCIATION PATRIMOINE GEOLOGIQUE DE NORMANDIE" box="[815,956,2003,2028]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" refId="ref42597" refString="APGN (ASSOCIATION PATRIMOINE GEOLOGIQUE DE NORMANDIE) 2024. - Faluns cretaces et tertiaires de Fresville, BNO 0182. Available at: http: // www. apgn. fr / apgn / carte _ site / fic _ s 50 _ 75. pdf (last access on 03 / 2024)." type="book" year="2024">APGN (2024)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFBE41BFF3CFF0EFD0CFE97" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFBE41BFF3CFF0EFD0CFE97" blockId="29.[131,775,215,293]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFBE41BFF3CFF0EFE91FF5D" baselines="233,234" box="[132,272,216,239]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Distribution" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
. —
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFFBE41BFE81FF01FE22FF5C" box="[313,419,215,239]" country="France" name="Haute-Normandie" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Normandy</collectingRegion>
(Calcaire de Fresville) middle Eocene (uppermost Lutetian) and?
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFFBE41BFE26FF24FE50FEB9" box="[414,465,242,266]" country="France" name="Pays de la Loire" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Loire</collectingRegion>
Basin (Sables du Bois-Gouët), lowermost Bartonian, see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFBE41BFE39FEDAFD06FE96" author="MATHELIN J. - C. &amp; BIGNOT G." box="[385,647,268,293]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" pagination="55 - 70" refId="ref46304" refString="MATHELIN J. - C. &amp; BIGNOT G. 1989. - Le falun de Foulangues et ses relations stratigraphique et paleogeographique avec le Biarritzien stratotypique, in 114 eme Congres national des Societes savantes. Geologie du Bassin Parisien. CTHS, Paris: 55 - 70." type="book chapter" year="1989">Mathelin &amp; Bignot (1989)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFBE41BFF3CFE81FC86F858" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFBE41BFF3CFE81FE94FEDC" blockId="29.[131,777,343,1039]" box="[132,277,343,369]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFBE41BFF3CFE81FE94FEDC" baselines="362,362" box="[132,277,343,369]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Description" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">DESCRIPTION</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFBE41BFF3CFEA1FDDFFBBC" blockId="29.[131,777,343,1039]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">
Bulbous protoconch of one whorl (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFBE41BFDB7FEA1FDF4FE22" box="[527,629,375,401]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[132,143,1872,1889]" captionTargetBox="[147,1440,260,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-206@30.[700,1256,828,1396]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 16. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus submicropterus n. sp. (A-H, K) and T. micropterus (Deshayes, 1835) (I, J, L): A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, Manche, Normandy, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, Manche, middle Eocene (Lutetian); E, F, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; G, H, MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan- Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), Loire-Atlantique, Loire Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian); I, J, MNHN.F.A32522 (Faullummel coll.), Le Limon, Seine-et-Marne, Paris Basin, France,middle Eocene (Bartonian);K, paratype (protoconch), MNHN.F.A90556 (MNHN coll.), Fresville; L, MNHN.F.A90558 (Faullummel coll., protoconch), Chavençon (Carrière Tuyttens), Oise, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian). Scale bars: A-J, 10 mm; K, L, 0.5 mm. Credits: A-D, I, J, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E, F, E. Robert (UCBL); G, H, K, L, L. Cazes (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985800/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Fig. 16K</figureCitation>
). Teleoconch up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFFBE41BFF7BFE40FEA9FE02" box="[195,296,406,433]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.36" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="23.6">23.6 mm</quantity>
in height, up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFFBE41BFE67FE40FDC2FE02" box="[479,579,406,433]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.16" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" unit="mm" value="11.6">11.6 mm</quantity>
in width, biconic in profile, composed of six whorls. Moderately high spire. Last whorl up to 70% of total length. Apical angle 59°. Spiral sculpture with coarse primary cords. First to third whorl: no cord. Fourth whorl: appearance of weak P1, s1 and P2. Fifth whorl: P1, s2 and P2 coarser. Sixth whorl: P1 to P6, s1; P6 not atrophied on convex part of whorl; ADP, MP and ABP on siphonal canal. From first whorl to second whorl: 6-7 protovarices. On third whorl: appearance of varices; three varices and one intervarix intercalated. From third to sixth whorl: no change. Higher relief of intervarices on P2. Varices rather thick. Appearance of short P1 spine on third whorl. Ovate aperture up to 27% of diameter and up to 71% of length of last whorl (including siphonal canal). Columellar lip smooth, narrow, poorly erect anteriorly, forming curved inductura at base. Parietal lip slightly adherent. Outer lip with developed denticles including ID, D1 to D6. D
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFFBE41BFE0CFC63FE5FFC7C" box="[436,478,949,975]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" unit="in" value="6.0">6 in</quantity>
some specimens. Outer lip not crenulate. Siphonal canal open, straight, up to 40% of apertural length. Pseudoumbilicus narrow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFBE41BFF3CFBE2FEA2FBFE" blockId="29.[131,778,1076,2028]" box="[132,291,1076,1102]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFBE41BFF3CFBE2FEA2FBFE" baselines="1095,1096" box="[132,291,1076,1102]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Comparisons" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">COMPARISONS</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFBE41BFF3CFB82FC86F858" blockId="29.[131,778,1076,2028]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">
A specimen of this species (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFBE41BFE12FB82FDA9FBDC" box="[426,552,1108,1135]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[132,143,1872,1889]" captionTargetBox="[147,1440,260,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-206@30.[700,1256,828,1396]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 16. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus submicropterus n. sp. (A-H, K) and T. micropterus (Deshayes, 1835) (I, J, L): A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, Manche, Normandy, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, Manche, middle Eocene (Lutetian); E, F, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; G, H, MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan- Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), Loire-Atlantique, Loire Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian); I, J, MNHN.F.A32522 (Faullummel coll.), Le Limon, Seine-et-Marne, Paris Basin, France,middle Eocene (Bartonian);K, paratype (protoconch), MNHN.F.A90556 (MNHN coll.), Fresville; L, MNHN.F.A90558 (Faullummel coll., protoconch), Chavençon (Carrière Tuyttens), Oise, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian). Scale bars: A-J, 10 mm; K, L, 0.5 mm. Credits: A-D, I, J, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E, F, E. Robert (UCBL); G, H, K, L, L. Cazes (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985800/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Figs 16E, F</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFBE41BFD88FB82FDE3FBDD" box="[560,610,1108,1134]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[132,143,1606,1623]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1546]" captionTargetId="figure-366@46.[699,1260,794,1359]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 27. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885, Pterynotus Swainson, 1833 (Pterymarchia Houart, 1995), Textiliomurex Merle, 2011, Ponderia Houart, 1986 and Flexopteron Shuto, 1969: A-C, Timbellus submicropterus n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, France, Lutetian; B, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, France, Lutetian; C, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; D, T. cf. submicropterus n. sp., MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan-Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), France, Bartonian; E, F, Pterynotus (Pterymarchia) gaasensis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A32492 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos), France, Rupelian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos); G, H, P. (P.) pelouatensis n. sp.: G, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), France, Burdigalian; H, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua); I, J, Textiliomurex chodmonensis n. sp.: I, holotype, MNHN.F.A81144 (Pacaud coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy), France, Lutetian; J, paratype, MNHN.F.A81145 (Pons coll.), Chaumont-en- Vexin (Carrière Darcy); K, L, Ponderia remyi n. sp.: K, holotype, MNHN.F.A90548 (Remy coll.), Fresville, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A90555, Fresville (Remy coll.); M, N, Flexopteron constantinense n. sp.: M, paratype, MNHN.F.A77761 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin), France, Priabonian; N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77760 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin). Scale bars: A-D, I-L, 10 mm; E-H, N, 5 mm; M, 3 mm. Credits: A, B, D-F, N, P. Loubry (MNHN/ CNRS); C, E. Robert (UCBL)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985831/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">27C</figureCitation>
) was identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFF1AFBA3FD39FB3D" authority="Lamarck, 1803" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1803" box="[162,696,1140,1166]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tricarinatus" subGenus="Pterymurex">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFF1AFBA3FF69FB3D" box="[162,232,1141,1166]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Murex</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFF43FBA3FEF4FB3D" box="[251,373,1141,1166]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Pterymurex</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFE3FFBA3FD85FB3D" box="[391,516,1141,1166]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">tricarinatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFBE41BFDB5FBA2FD39FB3D" author="LAMARCK J. - B." box="[525,696,1140,1166]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" pagination="217 - 227" refId="ref45566" refString="LAMARCK J. - B. 1803. - Memoires sur les fossiles des environs de Paris (suite 1). Annales du Museum d'Histoire naturelle 2 (9): 217 - 227." type="journal article" year="1803">Lamarck, 1803</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFF65FB42FDC1FB1D" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[221,576,1172,1198]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="crenulatus" subSpecies="tricarinatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFF65FB42FDC1FB1D" box="[221,576,1172,1198]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Timbellus crenulatus tricarinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFBE41BFDCCFB42FEB4FB7D" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G." pageId="29" pageNumber="522" pagination="61 - 140" refId="ref43809" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G. 1901. - Faune eocenique du Cotentin. 2 eme article. Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de Normandie 20: 11 - 90. [Also published as Cossmann M. &amp; Pissarro G. 1901. - Faune eocenique du Cotentin (Mollusques), Tome 1, Fascicule 2, Imprimerie du Journal Le Havre, Le Havre, 61 - 140]." type="book chapter" year="1901">Cossmann &amp; Pissarro (1901)</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFEFFFB62FD36FB7D" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[327,695,1204,1230]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="crenulatus" subSpecies="tricarinatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFEFFFB62FD36FB7D" box="[327,695,1204,1230]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Timbellus crenulatus tricarinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs greatly by apertural (with weak internal denticles within the outer lip), sculptural and shape characters, and belongs to another group species (see above
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFBE41BFDA5FAC5FDEAFA9D" box="[541,619,1299,1326]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[132,143,1378,1395]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1334]" captionTargetId="figure-411@26.[698,1267,213,775]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 14. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus crenulatus tricarinatus (Lamarck, 1803) (A-C) and T. curvispina n. sp. (D-H): A, original figure of Lamarck (1816: pl. 418, fig. 5a), Thiverval-Grignon, Yvelines, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); B, C, neotype designated herein, MNHN.F.A90547 (MNHN coll.), Thiverval-Grignon (Falunière); D, paratype, MNHN.F.A73848 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin (Bois-du-But), Eure, Paris Basin, France,middle Eocene (Lutetian); E, F, holotype, MNHN.F.A90541 (MNHN coll.), Parnes, Oise, middle Eocene (Lutetian);G, H, paratype,MNHN.F.A90543 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin. Scale bars: B-H, 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985794/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
). In fact, this specimen illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFBE41BFE3EFAE5FD47FAFE" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G." box="[390,710,1331,1357]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" pagination="61 - 140" refId="ref43809" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G. 1901. - Faune eocenique du Cotentin. 2 eme article. Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de Normandie 20: 11 - 90. [Also published as Cossmann M. &amp; Pissarro G. 1901. - Faune eocenique du Cotentin (Mollusques), Tome 1, Fascicule 2, Imprimerie du Journal Le Havre, Le Havre, 61 - 140]." type="book chapter" year="1901">Cossmann &amp; Pissarro (1901)</bibRefCitation>
more closely resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFEF5FA82FE66FADE" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[333,487,1364,1389]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micropterus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFEF5FA82FE66FADE" box="[333,487,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">T. micropterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Bartonian Paris Basin.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFBE41BFF75FAA5FE15FA3E" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[205,404,1395,1421]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFF75FAA5FE8CFA3E" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[205,269,1395,1421]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFEAAFAA2FEC4FA3E" box="[274,325,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">et al.</emphasis>
(2011)
</bibRefCitation>
attributed another Norman specimen (pl. 102, fig. 4a, b) to
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFE7EFA42FDE0FA1E" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[454,609,1428,1453]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micropterus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFE7EFA42FDE0FA1E" box="[454,609,1428,1453]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">T. micropterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFBE41BFDCAFA45FC83FA1D" box="[626,770,1427,1454]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[132,143,1872,1889]" captionTargetBox="[147,1440,260,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-206@30.[700,1256,828,1396]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 16. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus submicropterus n. sp. (A-H, K) and T. micropterus (Deshayes, 1835) (I, J, L): A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, Manche, Normandy, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, Manche, middle Eocene (Lutetian); E, F, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; G, H, MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan- Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), Loire-Atlantique, Loire Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian); I, J, MNHN.F.A32522 (Faullummel coll.), Le Limon, Seine-et-Marne, Paris Basin, France,middle Eocene (Bartonian);K, paratype (protoconch), MNHN.F.A90556 (MNHN coll.), Fresville; L, MNHN.F.A90558 (Faullummel coll., protoconch), Chavençon (Carrière Tuyttens), Oise, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian). Scale bars: A-J, 10 mm; K, L, 0.5 mm. Credits: A-D, I, J, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E, F, E. Robert (UCBL); G, H, K, L, L. Cazes (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985800/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Figs 16C, D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFBE41BFF3EFA65FF37FA7E" box="[134,182,1459,1485]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[132,143,1606,1623]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1546]" captionTargetId="figure-366@46.[699,1260,794,1359]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 27. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885, Pterynotus Swainson, 1833 (Pterymarchia Houart, 1995), Textiliomurex Merle, 2011, Ponderia Houart, 1986 and Flexopteron Shuto, 1969: A-C, Timbellus submicropterus n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, France, Lutetian; B, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, France, Lutetian; C, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; D, T. cf. submicropterus n. sp., MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan-Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), France, Bartonian; E, F, Pterynotus (Pterymarchia) gaasensis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A32492 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos), France, Rupelian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos); G, H, P. (P.) pelouatensis n. sp.: G, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), France, Burdigalian; H, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua); I, J, Textiliomurex chodmonensis n. sp.: I, holotype, MNHN.F.A81144 (Pacaud coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy), France, Lutetian; J, paratype, MNHN.F.A81145 (Pons coll.), Chaumont-en- Vexin (Carrière Darcy); K, L, Ponderia remyi n. sp.: K, holotype, MNHN.F.A90548 (Remy coll.), Fresville, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A90555, Fresville (Remy coll.); M, N, Flexopteron constantinense n. sp.: M, paratype, MNHN.F.A77761 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin), France, Priabonian; N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77760 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin). Scale bars: A-D, I-L, 10 mm; E-H, N, 5 mm; M, 3 mm. Credits: A, B, D-F, N, P. Loubry (MNHN/ CNRS); C, E. Robert (UCBL)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985831/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">27B</figureCitation>
). It is true that these
<specimenCount id="9D21FD45FFFBE41BFE14FA65FDD1FA7E" box="[428,592,1459,1485]" count="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
are superficially similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFF45FA02FE19FA5E" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[253,408,1492,1517]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micropterus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFF45FA02FE19FA5E" box="[253,408,1492,1517]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">T. micropterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but further comparison reveals some differences, such as only one intervarice (instead two in typical
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFE89F9C5FE4CF99F" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[305,461,1555,1580]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micropterus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFE89F9C5FE4CF99F" box="[305,461,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">T. micropterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and finer secondary cords on the last whorl. The bivariate plot of total length against width (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFBE41BFF60F984FEA8F9DF" box="[216,297,1618,1644]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[131,142,891,908]" captionTargetBox="[269,1278,178,858]" captionTargetId="figure-686@31.[347,1001,217,720]" captionText="FIG. 17. — Bivariate plot of total length against width comparing T. micropterus (Deshayes, 1835) from the lower Bartonian of the Paris Basin (50 complete specimens) and T. submicropterus n. sp. from the uppper Lutetian of Normandy (five complete specimens)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13988488" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13988488/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
) does not suggest strong differences
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFFBE41BFD69F985FF51F93F" country="France" name="Haute-Normandie" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Normandy</collectingRegion>
and Paris Basin populations. Finally, it is tempting to conclude that the observed teleoconch differences in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFD49F945FEA2F97F" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="submicropterus" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFD49F945FEA2F97F" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">T. submicropterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFFBE41BFE94F965FEE8F97E" box="[300,361,1715,1741]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
fall within the intraspecific variation of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFF1BF905FEBFF95F" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[163,318,1747,1772]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micropterus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFF1BF905FEBFF95F" box="[163,318,1747,1772]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">T. micropterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFE7AF905FD01F95F" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[450,640,1746,1772]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="submicropterus" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFE7AF905FD01F95F" box="[450,640,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">T. submicropterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFFBE41BFD32F904FD49F95F" box="[650,712,1746,1772]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
has a paucispiral protoconch, whereas
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFE4AF925FD0DF8BF" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[498,652,1779,1804]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micropterus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFE4AF925FD0DF8BF" box="[498,652,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">T. micropterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a multispiral (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFBE41BFF59F8C4FEE5F89F" box="[225,356,1810,1836]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[132,143,1872,1889]" captionTargetBox="[147,1440,260,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-206@30.[700,1256,828,1396]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 16. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus submicropterus n. sp. (A-H, K) and T. micropterus (Deshayes, 1835) (I, J, L): A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, Manche, Normandy, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, Manche, middle Eocene (Lutetian); E, F, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; G, H, MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan- Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), Loire-Atlantique, Loire Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian); I, J, MNHN.F.A32522 (Faullummel coll.), Le Limon, Seine-et-Marne, Paris Basin, France,middle Eocene (Bartonian);K, paratype (protoconch), MNHN.F.A90556 (MNHN coll.), Fresville; L, MNHN.F.A90558 (Faullummel coll., protoconch), Chavençon (Carrière Tuyttens), Oise, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian). Scale bars: A-J, 10 mm; K, L, 0.5 mm. Credits: A-D, I, J, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E, F, E. Robert (UCBL); G, H, K, L, L. Cazes (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985800/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Fig. 16K, L</figureCitation>
), suggesting two separate species with different modes of larval development. In the Bartonian from Loire-Atlantique, there are specimens showing coarse spiral cords like those of typical
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFE42F8A4FD3BF838" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[506,698,1905,1931]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="submicropterus" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFE42F8A4FD3BF838" box="[506,698,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">T. submicropterus</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFFBE41BFD7BF8A4FC85F83F" box="[707,772,1906,1932]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, but they bear a more pronounced shoulder (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFBE41BFDD6F847FD79F818" box="[622,760,1937,1963]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[132,143,1872,1889]" captionTargetBox="[147,1440,260,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-206@30.[700,1256,828,1396]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 16. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus submicropterus n. sp. (A-H, K) and T. micropterus (Deshayes, 1835) (I, J, L): A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, Manche, Normandy, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, Manche, middle Eocene (Lutetian); E, F, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; G, H, MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan- Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), Loire-Atlantique, Loire Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian); I, J, MNHN.F.A32522 (Faullummel coll.), Le Limon, Seine-et-Marne, Paris Basin, France,middle Eocene (Bartonian);K, paratype (protoconch), MNHN.F.A90556 (MNHN coll.), Fresville; L, MNHN.F.A90558 (Faullummel coll., protoconch), Chavençon (Carrière Tuyttens), Oise, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian). Scale bars: A-J, 10 mm; K, L, 0.5 mm. Credits: A-D, I, J, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E, F, E. Robert (UCBL); G, H, K, L, L. Cazes (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985800/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Fig. 16G, H</figureCitation>
). Their protoconch is not preserved. We therefore attribute these specimens to
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFEEDF804FD90F858" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[341,529,2001,2027]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="submicropterus" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFEEDF804FD90F858" box="[341,529,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">T. submicropterus</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFFBE41BFDA0F804FDD5F85F" box="[536,596,2002,2028]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
with hesitation.
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<mods:title id="92C98DEFA2132AA05745B1D967B73246">New Cenozoic Muricidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Europe</mods:title>
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Subgenus
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFBABFBC2FB1DFB9D" box="[1043,1180,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Pterymarchia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFBE41BFB1AFBC3FAB7FB9C" author="HOUART R." box="[1186,1334,1044,1071]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" pagination="127 - 136" refId="ref44916" refString="HOUART R. 1995. - Pterymarchia n. gen. and Vaughtia n. gen., two new muricid genera (Gastropoda: Muricidae: Muricinae and Ocenebrinae). Apex 10 (4): 127 - 136. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 42257087" type="journal article" year="1995">Houart, 1995</bibRefCitation>
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. —
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Born, 1778
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, by original designation. Recent: Indo-Pacific.
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According toHouart (1995),
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFBE0FB02FB5DFB5D" box="[1112,1244,1236,1262]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Pterymarchia</emphasis>
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can be distinguished from
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFCD0FB22FC55FABE" box="[872,980,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Pterynotus</emphasis>
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(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFC5BFB22FB80FABE" box="[995,1025,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">s.s.</emphasis>
) by having more numerous axial varices on the early teleoconch whorls (9-11 vs 6-8), later appearance in ontogeny of the trivaricate sculpture, when present, sometimes more varices on the last whorls (3-5 vs 3), and more strongly developed denticles.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFBE41BFB78FAA2FADDFA3D" author="HOUART R." box="[1216,1372,1395,1422]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" pagination="127 - 136" refId="ref44916" refString="HOUART R. 1995. - Pterymarchia n. gen. and Vaughtia n. gen., two new muricid genera (Gastropoda: Muricidae: Muricinae and Ocenebrinae). Apex 10 (4): 127 - 136. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 42257087" type="journal article" year="1995">Houart (1995</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFBE41BFAD4FAA5FA26FA3E" author="HOUART R." box="[1388,1447,1395,1421]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" pagination="37 - 66" refId="ref45005" refString="HOUART R. 2018. - Historique et classification des especes actuelles de Muricidae (Neogastropoda, Muricoidea). Novapex 19 (2): 37 - 66." type="journal article" year="2018">2018</bibRefCitation>
) proposed full generic status for
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFB33FA45FA92FA1E" authorityName="Houart" authorityYear="1995" box="[1163,1299,1427,1453]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterymarchia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFB33FA45FA92FA1E" box="[1163,1299,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Pterymarchia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, we prefer to maintain it at subgeneric rank because: 1) based on molecular data,
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFC59FA02FBCFFA5E" box="[993,1102,1492,1517]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Pterynotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFB31FA05FA94FA5E" authorityName="Houart" authorityYear="1995" box="[1161,1301,1491,1517]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterymarchia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFB31FA05FA94FA5E" box="[1161,1301,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Pterymarchia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are very close (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFBE41BFC8EFA25FC71F9BE" author="BARCO A. &amp; CLAREMONT M. &amp; REID D. G. &amp; HOUART R. &amp; BOUCHET P. &amp; WILLIAMS S. T. &amp; CRUAUD C. &amp; COULOUX A. &amp; OLIVERIO M." box="[822,1008,1523,1549]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" pagination="1025 - 1039" refId="ref42748" refString="BARCO A., CLAREMONT M., REID D. G., HOUART R., BOUCHET P., WILLIAMS S. T., CRUAUD C., COULOUX A. &amp; OLIVERIO M. 2010. - A molecular phylogenetic framework for the Muricidae, a diverse family of carnivorous gastropods. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 55 (3): 1025 - 1039. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2010.03.008" type="journal article" year="2010">
Barco
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFCC3FA25FC31F9BE" box="[891,944,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">et al.</emphasis>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
); and 2) based on shell characters,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFACAFA25FC03F99F" authorityName="Houart" authorityYear="1995" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterymarchia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFACAFA25FC03F99F" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Pterymarchia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shares with
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFBB2F9C5FBF7F99F" authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1833" box="[1034,1142,1555,1580]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFBB2F9C5FBF7F99F" box="[1034,1142,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Pterynotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a scabrous surface appearing early in ontogeny, generally fine to moderately fine primary cords (from IP to ABP), and a series of internal denticles from ID to D6. Furthermore, several other characters are occasionally shared by both genera, such as the trivaricate sculpture, columellar tubercles [e.g.,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFBFFF965FBDDF97F" box="[1095,1116,1715,1740]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFBD1F965FB07F97F" box="[1129,1158,1715,1740]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">s.s.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFB2DF965FB7FF97F" box="[1173,1278,1715,1740]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">patagiatus</emphasis>
(Hedley, 1912),
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFC94F905FCBEF95F" box="[812,831,1747,1772]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFCE8F905FCEFF95F" box="[848,878,1747,1772]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">s.s.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFCC7F905FB94F95F" box="[895,1045,1747,1772]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">praepatagiatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFBE41BFBA6F904FB27F95F" author="VOKES E. H." box="[1054,1190,1746,1772]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" pagination="1 - 108" refId="ref48996" refString="VOKES E. H. 1992. - Cenozoic Muricidae of the Western Atlantic region, Part IX - Pterynotus, Poirieria, Aspella, Dermomurex, Calotrophon, Acantolabia, and Attiliosa; additions and corrections. Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 25 (1 - 3): 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="1992">Vokes, 1992</bibRefCitation>
and
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFB5BF905FB7BF95F" box="[1251,1274,1747,1772]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFABCF905FAA3F95F" box="[1284,1314,1747,1772]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">s.s.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFA8BF904FA2EF95F" box="[1331,1455,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">granuliferus</emphasis>
(Grateloup, 1833)], and even developed denticles in some
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFC96F8C4FCC0F898" box="[814,833,1810,1835]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFCF6F8C4FCEAF898" box="[846,875,1810,1835]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">s.s.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFCC3F8C4FC79F89F" box="[891,1016,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">albobruneus</emphasis>
Bertsch &amp; D’Attilio, 1980.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

649
data/03/8E/87/038E87DAFFFBE427FC33F8A4FE65FAFC.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,649 @@
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<mods:title id="882D1B68580E65946BC60A88304BA665">New Cenozoic Muricidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Europe</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFBE41BFC33F8A4FAD3F83F" blockId="29.[907,1362,1905,1964]" box="[907,1362,1905,1933]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFC33F8A4FA91F838" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[907,1296,1905,1933]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gaasensis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Pterymarchia">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFC33F8A4FC7FF83F" bold="true" box="[907,1022,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Pterynotus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFBB6F8A5FB20F83E" bold="true" box="[1038,1185,1907,1933]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Pterymarchia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFB09F8A7FA91F838" bold="true" box="[1201,1296,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">gaasensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFFBE41BFAAFF8A4FAD3F83F" box="[1303,1362,1906,1932]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFBE41BFC42F847FA31F852" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFBE41BFC42F847FB63F818" blockId="29.[907,1362,1905,1964]" box="[1018,1250,1937,1964]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFBE41BFBBBF847FBD0F818" box="[1027,1105,1937,1963]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[132,143,1770,1787]" captionTargetBox="[138,1450,251,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-254@32.[699,1263,826,1403]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 18. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Pterynotus (Pterymarchia) gaasensis n. sp. (A-D), P. (P.) pelouatensis n. sp. (E-H) and P. (P) sandbergeri (HÖrnes,1856) (I-L): A, B, holotype,MNHN.F.A32492 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos),Landes,Aquitaine Basin,France,early Oligocene (Rupelian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos);E, F, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), Gironde, Aquitaine Basin, Early Miocene (Burdigalian); G, H, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua); I, J, lectotype designated herein,NHMW1855/0045/0435,Gainfarn,Baden, Austria,Middle Miocene (Langhian); K, L, Landau coll., Bad VÖslau, Baden. Scale bars: A-H, 5 mm; I-L, 10 mm. Credits:A-H, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); I, J, M. Harzhauser (NHMW); K, L, B. Landau." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985802/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Figs 18</figureCitation>
A-D; 27E, F)
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF8E418FF3CF886FD7CF85A" blockId="30.[132,1457,1872,2025]" pageId="30" pageNumber="523">
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. 16. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF8E418FD33F886FCE0F8D2" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[651,865,1872,1889]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="523" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="submicropterus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF8E418FD33F886FCE0F8D2" box="[651,865,1872,1889]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="523">Timbellus submicropterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFF8E418FCDDF886FC14F8D2" box="[869,917,1872,1889]" pageId="30" pageNumber="523" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF8E418FC25F886FC3EF8D2" bold="true" box="[925,959,1872,1889]" pageId="30" pageNumber="523">A -H</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF8E418FC71F886FC57F8D2" bold="true" box="[969,982,1872,1889]" pageId="30" pageNumber="523">K</emphasis>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF8E418FBBCF886FA8EF8D2" authority="(Deshayes, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[1028,1295,1872,1889]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="523" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micropterus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF8E418FBBCF886FBFDF8D2" box="[1028,1148,1872,1889]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="523">T. micropterus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF8E418FB3DF886FA8AF8D2" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[1157,1291,1872,1889]" pageId="30" pageNumber="523" pagination="79 - 106" refId="ref43930" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1835. - Description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris. Tome 2. Livraisons 40 - 45, l'auteur, Bechet Jeune, Baudouin freres, Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris: 499 - 780; Atlas 2, Levrault, Paris: pl. 79 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 52303" type="book chapter" year="1835">Deshayes, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF8E418FAA1F886FA9EF8D2" bold="true" box="[1305,1311,1872,1889]" pageId="30" pageNumber="523">I</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF8E418FA90F886FAB3F8D2" bold="true" box="[1320,1330,1872,1889]" pageId="30" pageNumber="523">J</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF8E418FA84F886FAC6F8D2" bold="true" box="[1340,1351,1872,1889]" pageId="30" pageNumber="523">L</emphasis>
):
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF8E418FAEEF886FAE2F8D2" bold="true" box="[1366,1379,1872,1889]" pageId="30" pageNumber="523">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF8E418FAD5F886FAFBF8D2" bold="true" box="[1389,1402,1872,1889]" pageId="30" pageNumber="523">B</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, Manche, Normandy, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF8E418FC6EF8B1FC65F8CB" bold="true" box="[982,996,1895,1912]" pageId="30" pageNumber="523">C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF8E418FC57F8B1FC7CF8CB" bold="true" box="[1007,1021,1895,1912]" pageId="30" pageNumber="523">D</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, Manche, middle Eocene (Lutetian);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF8E418FDA4F8ABFDA9F83D" bold="true" box="[540,552,1917,1934]" pageId="30" pageNumber="523">E</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF8E418FD8AF8ABFDBCF83D" bold="true" box="[562,573,1917,1934]" pageId="30" pageNumber="523">F</emphasis>
, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF8E418FC44F8ABFB8BF83D" bold="true" box="[1020,1034,1917,1934]" pageId="30" pageNumber="523">G</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF8E418FBADF8ABFBA2F83D" bold="true" box="[1045,1059,1917,1934]" pageId="30" pageNumber="523">H</emphasis>
, MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-AignanGrand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), Loire-Atlantique, Loire Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF8E418FC38F842FC07F816" bold="true" box="[896,902,1940,1957]" pageId="30" pageNumber="523">I</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF8E418FC28F842FC1BF816" bold="true" box="[912,922,1940,1957]" pageId="30" pageNumber="523">J</emphasis>
, MNHN.F.A32522 (Faullummel coll.), Le Limon, Seine-et-Marne, Paris Basin, France,middle Eocene (Bartonian);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF8E418FDAAF87DFD9EF80F" bold="true" box="[530,543,1963,1980]" pageId="30" pageNumber="523">K</emphasis>
, paratype (protoconch), MNHN.F.A90556 (MNHN coll.), Fresville;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF8E418FB87F87DFBCBF80F" bold="true" box="[1087,1098,1963,1980]" pageId="30" pageNumber="523">L</emphasis>
, MNHN.F.A90558 (Faullummel coll., protoconch), Chavençon (Carrière Tuyttens), Oise, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Bartonian). Scale bars: A-J, 10 mm; K, L, 0.5 mm. Credits: A-D, I, J, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E, F, E. Robert (UCBL); G, H, K, L, L. Cazes (MNHN/CNRS).
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF9E419FF3BFCADFC5AFC11" blockId="31.[131,1455,891,930]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">
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. 17. — Bivariate plot of total length against width comparing
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF9E419FD2FFCADFC23FC3F" authority="(Deshayes, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[663,930,891,908]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micropterus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF9E419FD2FFCADFC91FC3F" box="[663,784,891,908]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">T. micropterus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF9E419FCA1FCADFC1EFC3F" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[793,927,891,908]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" pagination="79 - 106" refId="ref43930" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1835. - Description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris. Tome 2. Livraisons 40 - 45, l'auteur, Bechet Jeune, Baudouin freres, Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris: 499 - 780; Atlas 2, Levrault, Paris: pl. 79 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 52303" type="book chapter" year="1835">Deshayes, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from the lower Bartonian of the Paris Basin (50 complete specimens) and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF9E419FF5DFC47FEFDFC11" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[229,380,913,930]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="submicropterus" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF9E419FF5DFC47FEFDFC11" box="[229,380,913,930]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">T. submicropterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFF9E419FE39FC47FE30FC11" box="[385,433,913,930]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from the uppper Lutetian of Normandy (five complete specimens).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFF9E419FF3CFC03FE84FB28" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF9E419FF3CFC03FE5CFBB5" blockId="31.[132,775,980,1030]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF9E419FF3CFC03FEB6FC5F" ID-CoL="44MDK" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1822" box="[132,311,980,1004]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="quadrifrons">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF9E419FF3CFC03FEB6FC5F" box="[132,311,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">Murex quadrifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF9E419FEECFC02FE72FC5F" author="GRATELOUP J. - P. S. &amp; DE" box="[340,499,980,1004]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" pagination="5 - 10" refId="ref44730" refString="GRATELOUP J. - P. S. (DE.) 1845. - Conchyliologie fossile des terrains tertiaires du bassin de l'Adour (environ de Dax). Tome 1. Univalves, Lafargue, Bordeaux: pls 1, 3, 5 - 10, 12 - 48. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 55305392" type="journal article" year="1845">Grateloup 1845</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 3 [pl. 31], fig. 10 [
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF9E419FD5BFC03FC86FC5F" box="[739,775,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">non</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF9E419FF3CFC39FE4EFBB5" ID-CoL="44MDK" authority="Lamarck, 1822" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1822" box="[132,463,1006,1030]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="quadrifrons">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF9E419FF3CFC39FEB5FBB5" box="[132,308,1006,1030]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">Murex quadrifrons</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF9E419FE82FC38FE4EFBB5" author="LAMARCK J. - B." box="[314,463,1006,1030]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" refId="ref45696" refString="LAMARCK J. - B. 1822. - Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertebres presentant les caracteres generaux et particuliers de ces animaux, leur distribution, leurs classes, leurs familles, leurs genres, et la citation des principales especes qui s'y rapportent et Supplement a divers types de gasteropodes et de Trachelipodes comprenant l'indication des coquilles fossiles qui ne furent point citees dans leurs genres respectifs. Tome 7. Lamarck, Paris, 711 p." type="book" year="1822">Lamarck, 1822</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF9E419FF3CFBC9FE32FBE3" blockId="31.[132,775,1054,1105]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF9E419FF3CFBC9FDBAFB85" ID-CoL="BM3KY" baseAuthorityName="A. d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[132,571,1054,1078]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="subquadrifrons" subGenus="Pterymarchia">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF9E419FF3CFBC9FF69FB85" box="[132,232,1055,1078]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">Pterynotus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF9E419FF41FBC8FEF8FB85" box="[249,377,1054,1078]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">Pterymarchia</emphasis>
) cf.
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF9E419FE14FBC8FDBAFB85" box="[428,571,1054,1078]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">subquadrifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF9E419FDEFFBC8FC86FB85" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[599,775,1054,1078]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
Merle
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF9E419FD22FBC9FD4DFB85" box="[666,716,1054,1078]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF9E419FF34FBEFFF4DFBE3" box="[140,204,1081,1104]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">partim</emphasis>
): pl. 90, figs 3-74 only.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF9E419FF3CFBBFFE84FB28" blockId="31.[132,775,1128,1179]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3711E2FFF9E419FF3CFBBFFE84FB28" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF9E419FF3CFBBFFE16FB33" ID-CoL="BM3KY" baseAuthorityName="A. d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[132,407,1128,1152]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="subquadrifrons">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF9E419FF3CFBBFFF64FB33" box="[132,229,1129,1152]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">Pterynotus</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF9E419FEB4FBBEFE16FB33" box="[268,407,1128,1152]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">subquadrifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="0A8610DDFFF9E419FE0BFBBFFDE2FB33" author="LOZOUET P." box="[435,611,1128,1152]" page="21" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" year="2023">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF9E419FE0BFBBFFDE2FB33" author="LOZOUET P." box="[435,611,1128,1152]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" pagination="3 - 162" refId="ref46112" refString="LOZOUET P. 2023. - Muricidae (Gastropoda, Neogastropoda) de l'Oligocene superieur (Chattien) du bassin de l'Adour (Sud-Ouest de la France). Cossmanniana 24: 3 - 162." type="journal article" year="2023">Lozouet 2023: 21</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 17, figs 1-9, text-fig. 10E.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFF9E419FF3CFB65FD85FA5B" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF9E419FF3CFB65FE58FA30" blockId="31.[131,777,1202,1411]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFF9E419FF3CFB65FF34FB7B" baselines="1220,1220" box="[132,181,1203,1226]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFF9E419FF05FB6EFE9AFB7A" baselines="1221" box="[189,283,1208,1225]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="material" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">MATERIAL</smallCapsWord>
. —
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFF9E419FEF3FB64FD78FAA9" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF9E419FEF3FB64FE7BFB79" bold="true" box="[331,506,1202,1226]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFF9E419FEF3FB64FE2DFB79" box="[331,428,1202,1226]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFF9E419FE00FB64FE7BFB79" box="[440,506,1202,1226]" name="France" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
•
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFF9E419FDABFB64FDF2FB79" box="[531,627,1202,1226]" country="France" name="Aquitaine" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">Aquitaine</collectingRegion>
Basin, Landes, Gaas (Espibos); Gaas Formation (biozone NP23); early Oligocene (Rupelian);
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFF9E419FF43FB3EFED1FB4C" box="[251,336,1256,1279]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A32492 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF9E419FE7AFB31FE7CFB4C" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[450,509,1255,1279]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.), figured specimen in
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF9E419FF3EFAD7FEB2FAA9" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[134,307,1281,1306]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF9E419FF3EFAD7FF3EFAAA" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[134,191,1281,1305]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF9E419FF7CFAD4FF72FAAA" box="[196,243,1281,1305]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">et al.</emphasis>
(2011
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 90, fig. 3), H:
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFF9E419FE55FAD4FDB4FAAA" box="[493,565,1282,1306]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" unit="mm" value="27.0">27 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFF9E419FDFBFAD7FD36FAAA" box="[579,695,1281,1306]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[132,143,1770,1787]" captionTargetBox="[138,1450,251,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-254@32.[699,1263,826,1403]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 18. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Pterynotus (Pterymarchia) gaasensis n. sp. (A-D), P. (P.) pelouatensis n. sp. (E-H) and P. (P) sandbergeri (HÖrnes,1856) (I-L): A, B, holotype,MNHN.F.A32492 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos),Landes,Aquitaine Basin,France,early Oligocene (Rupelian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos);E, F, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), Gironde, Aquitaine Basin, Early Miocene (Burdigalian); G, H, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua); I, J, lectotype designated herein,NHMW1855/0045/0435,Gainfarn,Baden, Austria,Middle Miocene (Langhian); K, L, Landau coll., Bad VÖslau, Baden. Scale bars: A-H, 5 mm; I-L, 10 mm. Credits:A-H, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); I, J, M. Harzhauser (NHMW); K, L, B. Landau." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985802/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">Figs 18A, B</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFF9E419FD7AFAD4FD6CFAA9" box="[706,749,1282,1306]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[132,143,1606,1623]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1546]" captionTargetId="figure-366@46.[699,1260,794,1359]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 27. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885, Pterynotus Swainson, 1833 (Pterymarchia Houart, 1995), Textiliomurex Merle, 2011, Ponderia Houart, 1986 and Flexopteron Shuto, 1969: A-C, Timbellus submicropterus n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, France, Lutetian; B, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, France, Lutetian; C, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; D, T. cf. submicropterus n. sp., MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan-Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), France, Bartonian; E, F, Pterynotus (Pterymarchia) gaasensis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A32492 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos), France, Rupelian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos); G, H, P. (P.) pelouatensis n. sp.: G, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), France, Burdigalian; H, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua); I, J, Textiliomurex chodmonensis n. sp.: I, holotype, MNHN.F.A81144 (Pacaud coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy), France, Lutetian; J, paratype, MNHN.F.A81145 (Pons coll.), Chaumont-en- Vexin (Carrière Darcy); K, L, Ponderia remyi n. sp.: K, holotype, MNHN.F.A90548 (Remy coll.), Fresville, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A90555, Fresville (Remy coll.); M, N, Flexopteron constantinense n. sp.: M, paratype, MNHN.F.A77761 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin), France, Priabonian; N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77760 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin). Scale bars: A-D, I-L, 10 mm; E-H, N, 5 mm; M, 3 mm. Credits: A, B, D-F, N, P. Loubry (MNHN/ CNRS); C, E. Robert (UCBL)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985831/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">27E</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFF9E419FF3CFACAFE83FAFD" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF9E419FF3CFACAFEA7FA87" bold="true" box="[132,294,1308,1332]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFF9E419FF3CFACAFF61FA87" box="[132,224,1308,1332]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFF9E419FF50FACAFEA7FA87" box="[232,294,1308,1332]" name="France" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• 6 spm; same as for the holotype;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFF9E419FDEDFACAFD27FA80" box="[597,678,1308,1331]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A77749 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF9E419FF32FAE0FF43FAFD" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[138,194,1334,1358]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.) •
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFF9E419FEBDFAE0FF63FADB" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">
1 spm; idem;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFF9E419FEC5FAE1FE4FFAFD" box="[381,462,1335,1358]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90554 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF9E419FD82FAE0FDF3FAFD" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[570,626,1334,1358]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFF9E419FD17FAE0FF1BFADB" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[132,143,1770,1787]" captionTargetBox="[138,1450,251,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-254@32.[699,1263,826,1403]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 18. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Pterynotus (Pterymarchia) gaasensis n. sp. (A-D), P. (P.) pelouatensis n. sp. (E-H) and P. (P) sandbergeri (HÖrnes,1856) (I-L): A, B, holotype,MNHN.F.A32492 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos),Landes,Aquitaine Basin,France,early Oligocene (Rupelian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos);E, F, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), Gironde, Aquitaine Basin, Early Miocene (Burdigalian); G, H, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua); I, J, lectotype designated herein,NHMW1855/0045/0435,Gainfarn,Baden, Austria,Middle Miocene (Langhian); K, L, Landau coll., Bad VÖslau, Baden. Scale bars: A-H, 5 mm; I-L, 10 mm. Credits:A-H, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); I, J, M. Harzhauser (NHMW); K, L, B. Landau." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985802/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">Figs 18C, D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFF9E419FF1CFA87FF4DFADA" box="[164,204,1361,1385]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[132,143,1606,1623]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1546]" captionTargetId="figure-366@46.[699,1260,794,1359]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 27. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885, Pterynotus Swainson, 1833 (Pterymarchia Houart, 1995), Textiliomurex Merle, 2011, Ponderia Houart, 1986 and Flexopteron Shuto, 1969: A-C, Timbellus submicropterus n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, France, Lutetian; B, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, France, Lutetian; C, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; D, T. cf. submicropterus n. sp., MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan-Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), France, Bartonian; E, F, Pterynotus (Pterymarchia) gaasensis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A32492 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos), France, Rupelian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos); G, H, P. (P.) pelouatensis n. sp.: G, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), France, Burdigalian; H, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua); I, J, Textiliomurex chodmonensis n. sp.: I, holotype, MNHN.F.A81144 (Pacaud coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy), France, Lutetian; J, paratype, MNHN.F.A81145 (Pons coll.), Chaumont-en- Vexin (Carrière Darcy); K, L, Ponderia remyi n. sp.: K, holotype, MNHN.F.A90548 (Remy coll.), Fresville, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A90555, Fresville (Remy coll.); M, N, Flexopteron constantinense n. sp.: M, paratype, MNHN.F.A77761 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin), France, Priabonian; N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77760 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin). Scale bars: A-D, I-L, 10 mm; E-H, N, 5 mm; M, 3 mm. Credits: A, B, D-F, N, P. Loubry (MNHN/ CNRS); C, E. Robert (UCBL)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985831/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">27F</figureCitation>
) •
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFF9E419FF5FFA87FE55FA30" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">
1 spm; idem;
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.F.A86913 (Lozouet coll.), figured in
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: text-fig. 10a, b)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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</typeStatus>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFF9E419FED0FA4DFD85FA5B" collectorName="Gaas &amp; La Gouarde" country="France" location="France" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Aquitaine">
—
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF9E419FE3CFA4DFE44FA00" bold="true" box="[388,453,1435,1459]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFF9E419FE3CFA4DFE44FA00" box="[388,453,1435,1459]" name="France" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• 1 spm;
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFF9E419FDA5FA4DFDFAFA00" box="[541,635,1435,1459]" country="France" name="Aquitaine" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">Aquitaine</collectingRegion>
<location id="8EF86017FFF9E419FDC6FA4DFD34FA00" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFFBE427FC33F8A4FE65FAFC:8EF86017FFF9E419FDC6FA4DFD34FA00" box="[638,693,1435,1459]" country="France" name="Basin" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" stateProvince="Aquitaine">Basin</location>
, Landes,
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFF9E419FF3BFA63FF33FA7E" box="[131,178,1461,1485]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">Gaas</collectorName>
(
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFF9E419FF06FA63FEB6FA7E" box="[190,311,1461,1485]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">La Gouarde</collectorName>
); same as for the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFF9E419FE65FA63FDB4FA7E" box="[477,565,1461,1485]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
; Aucoin coll., figured
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF9E419FF3CFA07FF19FA5B" box="[132,152,1489,1512]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">in</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF9E419FF26FA06FECCFA5B" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[158,333,1488,1512]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF9E419FF26FA06FF56FA5B" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[158,215,1488,1512]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF9E419FF66FA07FE8CFA5B" box="[222,269,1488,1512]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">et al.</emphasis>
(2011
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 90, fig. 4a, b).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFF9E419FF3CF9D6FD6DF9A4" box="[132,748,1535,1560]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF9E419FF3CF9D6FD6DF9A4" blockId="31.[132,748,1535,1560]" box="[132,748,1535,1560]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">
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. — From the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFF9E419FE33F9D6FE34F9AB" box="[395,437,1536,1560]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">type</typeStatus>
locality, Gaas (Landes),
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFF9E419FD1BF9D6FD66F9A4" box="[675,743,1536,1559]" name="France" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">France</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFF9E419FF3CF9E6FE7AF918" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF9E419FF3CF9E6FDFBF9D2" blockId="31.[132,775,1583,1634]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFF9E419FF3CF9E6FF34F9F6" baselines="1601,1601" box="[132,181,1584,1607]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFF9E419FF3CF9E6FF34F9F6" box="[132,181,1584,1607]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">TYPE</typeStatus>
</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFF9E419FF01F9E3FE92F9F5" baselines="1602" box="[185,275,1589,1606]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="horizon" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">HORIZON</smallCapsWord>
. — Gaas Formation (biozone NP23), see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF9E419FD24F9F9FEE0F9D2" author="SZTRAKOS K. &amp; STEURBAUT E." pageId="31" pageNumber="524" pagination="741 - 781" refId="ref48742" refString="SZTRAKOS K. &amp; STEURBAUT E. 2017. - Revision lithostratigraphique et biostratigraphique de l'Oligocene d'Aquitaine occidentale (France). Geodiversitas 39 (4): 741 - 781. https: // doi. org / 10.5252 / g 2017 n 4 a 6" type="journal article" year="2017">Sztrákos &amp; Steurbaut (2017: 752)</bibRefCitation>
, early Oligocene (Rupelian).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF9E419FF3CF9ACFE7AF918" blockId="31.[131,776,1657,1708]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFF9E419FF3CF9ACFF34F93C" baselines="1675,1675" box="[132,181,1658,1681]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFF9E419FF3CF9ACFF34F93C" box="[132,181,1658,1681]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">TYPE</typeStatus>
</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFF9E419FF01F9A9FE93F923" baselines="1676" box="[185,274,1663,1680]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="locality" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">LOCALITY</smallCapsWord>
. —
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFF9E419FE83F9ACFEFCF922" box="[315,381,1658,1681]" name="France" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">France</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFF9E419FE3DF9AFFE62F922" box="[389,483,1657,1681]" country="France" name="Aquitaine" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">Aquitaine</collectingRegion>
Basin, Landes, Gaas (Espibos), see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF9E419FF1FF942FE76F918" author="SZTRAKOS K. &amp; STEURBAUT E." box="[167,503,1683,1708]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" pagination="741 - 781" refId="ref48742" refString="SZTRAKOS K. &amp; STEURBAUT E. 2017. - Revision lithostratigraphique et biostratigraphique de l'Oligocene d'Aquitaine occidentale (France). Geodiversitas 39 (4): 741 - 781. https: // doi. org / 10.5252 / g 2017 n 4 a 6" type="journal article" year="2017">Sztrákos &amp; Steurbaut (2017: 752)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFF9E419FF3CF912FF4EF945" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF9E419FF3CF912FF4EF945" blockId="31.[132,774,1731,1782]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFF9E419FF3CF912FE93F969" baselines="1749,1750" box="[132,274,1732,1755]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Distribution" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
. —
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFF9E419FE85F915FE1CF968" box="[317,413,1731,1755]" country="France" name="Aquitaine" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">Aquitaine</collectingRegion>
Basin (
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFF9E419FE5DF915FDAAF968" box="[485,555,1731,1755]" name="France" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">France</collectingCountry>
), early Oligocene (Rupelian).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFF9E427FF3CF8E4FE65FAFC" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="526" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF9E419FF3CF8E4FE94F8F9" blockId="31.[131,777,1842,2028]" box="[132,277,1842,1868]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFF9E419FF3CF8E4FE94F8F9" baselines="1861,1861" box="[132,277,1842,1868]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Description" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">DESCRIPTION</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF9E419FF3CF887FBC3F93F" blockId="31.[131,777,1842,2028]" lastBlockId="31.[811,1458,980,1676]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">
Paucispiral protoconch (
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF9E419FE2EF887FE3DF8D8" box="[406,444,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">fide</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF9E419FE7DF884FDE1F8DF" author="LOZOUET P." box="[453,608,1874,1900]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" pagination="3 - 162" refId="ref46112" refString="LOZOUET P. 2023. - Muricidae (Gastropoda, Neogastropoda) de l'Oligocene superieur (Chattien) du bassin de l'Adour (Sud-Ouest de la France). Cossmanniana 24: 3 - 162." type="journal article" year="2023">Lozouet 2023</bibRefCitation>
: text-fig. 10e). Teleoconch up to
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in height, up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFF9E419FDE8F8A7FD1EF83F" box="[592,671,1905,1932]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
in width, biconic in profile, composed of six whorls. Moderately high spire, first two whorls subcarinate; next whorls rounded. Last whorl up to 75% of total length. Apical angle 56°. Spiral sculpture with marked primary cords. First whorl: appearance of primary cords P1 and P2; second whorl: P1 and P2; third whorl: appearance of s1. Fourth whorl: appearance of abis, adis and s2. Fifth whorl: no change or appearance of threads. Sixth whorl: IP, adis and abis, P1 to P6, s1 to s6; s2 and s3 well developed; P6 on base on convex part of whorl; ADP, MP and ABP slightly more developed than ads and ms. Surface of shell with numerous threads appearing on fourth whorl. Axial sculpture with thick varices. On first whorl: nine lamellose varices. From the second to fifth whorl: 9-10 thick varices. On sixth: appearance of three or four varices and one intervarices intercalated. Varices and intervarices thick. From the third to last whorl, numerous, fine microlamellae covering entire surface forming scabrous microsculpture. Ovate aperture up to 25% of diameter and up to 66% of length of last whorl (including siphonal canal). Columellar lip, adherent posteriorly, becoming progressively more erect anteriorly. One or two small columellar tubercles. Parietal lip adherent. Outer lip bearing strong internal denticles: ID, D2 to D6 present, D1 missing. Pseudoumbilicus moderately large. Siphonal canal open, up to 48% of apertural length, slightly dorsally recurved.
</paragraph>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF9E427FC95F904FC86FE42" blockId="31.[811,1456,1714,2028]" lastBlockId="33.[130,777,215,1360]" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="526" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF9E419FC95F904FC68F95F" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[813,1001,1746,1772]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF9E419FC95F904FCEDF95F" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[813,876,1746,1772]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF9E419FCC9F905FC25F95F" box="[881,932,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">et al.</emphasis>
(2011
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 90, figs 3-4) attributed with hesitation
<specimenCount id="9D21FD45FFF9E419FC93F924FC45F8BF" box="[811,964,1778,1804]" count="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
from Gaas to
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF9E419FBEEF925FCE4F89F" ID-CoL="BM2ZD" authority="d'Orbigny, 1852" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1852" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="subquadrifrons">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF9E419FBEEF925FAB4F8BF" box="[1110,1333,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">Murex subquadrifrons</emphasis>
d’Orbigny, 1852
</taxonomicName>
, originally described as
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF9E419FBE5F8C4FA9DF89F" ID-CoL="44MDK" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1822" box="[1117,1308,1810,1836]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="quadrifrons">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF9E419FBE5F8C4FA9DF89F" box="[1117,1308,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">Murex quadrifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF9E419FAF8F8C4FCF7F8FF" author="GRATELOUP J. - P. S. &amp; DE" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" pagination="5 - 10" refId="ref44730" refString="GRATELOUP J. - P. S. (DE.) 1845. - Conchyliologie fossile des terrains tertiaires du bassin de l'Adour (environ de Dax). Tome 1. Univalves, Lafargue, Bordeaux: pls 1, 3, 5 - 10, 12 - 48. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 55305392" type="journal article" year="1845">Grateloup (1845)</bibRefCitation>
from this same Rupelian locality. The Grateloup’s collection is housed in the University of Talence, but the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFF9E419FA38F884FA2FF8DF" box="[1408,1454,1874,1900]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">type</typeStatus>
material of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF9E419FC15F8A4FBCFF838" ID-CoL="44MDK" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1822" box="[941,1102,1905,1931]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="quadrifrons">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF9E419FC15F8A4FBCFF838" box="[941,1102,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">M. quadrifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was not found and is likely lost (personal observation of the first author). Therefore, only the drawing of
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF9E419FC1DF867FBDDF87F" author="GRATELOUP J. - P. S. &amp; DE" box="[933,1116,1969,1996]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" pagination="5 - 10" refId="ref44730" refString="GRATELOUP J. - P. S. (DE.) 1845. - Conchyliologie fossile des terrains tertiaires du bassin de l'Adour (environ de Dax). Tome 1. Univalves, Lafargue, Bordeaux: pls 1, 3, 5 - 10, 12 - 48. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 55305392" type="journal article" year="1845">Grateloup (1845</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 3 [pl. 31], fig. 10, refigured in
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF9E419FCF0F807FC7DF858" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[840,1020,2001,2027]" pageId="31" pageNumber="524" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF9E419FCF0F807FC09F858" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[840,904,2001,2027]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="31" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF9E419FC35F804FC3EF858" box="[909,959,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="524">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 90, fig. 2) can be used to identify the species. According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC6E426FED2F847FDB2F818" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[362,563,1937,1963]" pageId="32" pageNumber="525" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC6E426FED2F847FE2BF818" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[362,426,1937,1963]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="32" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FE09F844FE65F818" box="[433,484,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">et al.</emphasis>
(2011)
</bibRefCitation>
, the drawing shows a shell with a textiliose surface and a biconic shape, as in the Gaas material at hand. Moreover, to our knowledge, no other muricid from Gaas except
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FBE0F844FBEEF818" box="[1112,1135,1938,1963]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">P.</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC6E426FBC1F847FA84F818" ID-CoL="BFGQT" authorityName="Houart" authorityYear="1995" box="[1145,1285,1937,1963]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterymarchia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="32" pageNumber="525" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FBC1F847FA84F818" box="[1145,1285,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">Pterymarchia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) is comparable to the specimen illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC6E426FBC0F867FAB8F87F" author="GRATELOUP J. - P. S. &amp; DE" box="[1144,1337,1969,1996]" pageId="32" pageNumber="525" pagination="5 - 10" refId="ref44730" refString="GRATELOUP J. - P. S. (DE.) 1845. - Conchyliologie fossile des terrains tertiaires du bassin de l'Adour (environ de Dax). Tome 1. Univalves, Lafargue, Bordeaux: pls 1, 3, 5 - 10, 12 - 48. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 55305392" type="journal article" year="1845">Grateloup (1845)</bibRefCitation>
. However, the shell illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC6E426FB98F807FB61F85F" author="GRATELOUP J. - P. S. &amp; DE" box="[1056,1248,2001,2028]" pageId="32" pageNumber="525" pagination="5 - 10" refId="ref44730" refString="GRATELOUP J. - P. S. (DE.) 1845. - Conchyliologie fossile des terrains tertiaires du bassin de l'Adour (environ de Dax). Tome 1. Univalves, Lafargue, Bordeaux: pls 1, 3, 5 - 10, 12 - 48. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 55305392" type="journal article" year="1845">Grateloup (1845)</bibRefCitation>
lacks internal denticles within the outer lip, lacks columellar denticles, shows more numerous varices (six on the ventral face vs four in the specimens at hand), has a narrower siphonal canal, and is more likely to represent a specimen of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FDA9FEEEFDE9FEE2" ID-CoL="7P2BV" authorityName="Jousseaume" authorityYear="1880" box="[529,616,312,337]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Favartia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FDA9FEEEFDE9FEE2" box="[529,616,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Favartia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. These numerous differences between
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC7E427FE2DFE81FDE5FEC1" author="GRATELOUP J. - P. S. &amp; DE" box="[405,612,343,370]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" pagination="5 - 10" refId="ref44730" refString="GRATELOUP J. - P. S. (DE.) 1845. - Conchyliologie fossile des terrains tertiaires du bassin de l'Adour (environ de Dax). Tome 1. Univalves, Lafargue, Bordeaux: pls 1, 3, 5 - 10, 12 - 48. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 55305392" type="journal article" year="1845">Grateloup’s (1845)</bibRefCitation>
figure and the studied material suggest that it obviously corresponds to a species other than
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FEFCFE41FD83FE03" ID-CoL="BM2ZD" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1852" box="[324,514,406,432]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="subquadrifrons">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FEFCFE41FD83FE03" box="[324,514,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">M. subquadrifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FDA8FE41FD70FE03" ID-CoL="BM2ZD" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1852" box="[528,753,406,432]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="subquadrifrons">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FDA8FE41FD70FE03" box="[528,753,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Murex subquadrifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is therefore not recognizable using the figure of Grateloup, lacks
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC7E427FF3AFE01FF30FE42" box="[130,177,471,497]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">type</typeStatus>
material and it should be considered a
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FDE7FE01FD7EFE43" box="[607,767,470,496]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">nomen dubium</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF586644FFC6E426FF3CF93CFA30F8E6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985802" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13985802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985802/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="525" startId="32.[132,143,1770,1787]" targetBox="[138,1450,251,1691]" targetPageId="32" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC6E426FF3CF93CFA30F8E6" blockId="32.[132,1457,1770,1877]" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC6E426FF3CF93CFF1CF949" baselines="1783,1783" box="[132,157,1770,1787]" lowerCaseFontSize="5" mainFontSize="7" normCase="title" normString="Fig" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">FIG</smallCapsWord>
. 18. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC6E426FD34F93CFC39F948" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[652,952,1770,1787]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="32" pageNumber="525" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gaasensis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Pterymarchia">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FD34F93CFD67F948" box="[652,742,1770,1787]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">Pterynotus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FD48F93CFCDCF948" box="[752,861,1770,1787]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">Pterymarchia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FCDEF93CFC39F948" box="[870,952,1770,1787]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">gaasensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC6E426FC04F93CFC6DF948" box="[956,1004,1770,1787]" pageId="32" pageNumber="525" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FC4CF93CFB96F948" bold="true" box="[1012,1047,1770,1787]" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">A -D</emphasis>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC6E426FB9DF93CFB42F948" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1061,1219,1770,1787]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="32" pageNumber="525" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pelouatensis" status="n. sp." subGenus="Pterymarchia">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FB9DF93CFBB9F948" box="[1061,1080,1770,1787]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FBF8F93CFBD2F948" box="[1088,1107,1770,1787]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FBE3F93CFB42F948" box="[1115,1219,1770,1787]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">pelouatensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC6E426FB70F93CFB79F948" box="[1224,1272,1770,1787]" pageId="32" pageNumber="525" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FAB8F93CFAA0F948" bold="true" box="[1280,1313,1770,1787]" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">E -H</emphasis>
) and
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FAF7F93CFAE3F948" box="[1359,1378,1770,1787]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FAD2F93CFAF7F948" box="[1386,1398,1770,1787]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">P</emphasis>
)
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC6E426FA38F93CFEBBF8A2" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FA38F93CFF3FF8A2" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">sandbergeri</emphasis>
(HÖrnes,1856)
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FEFBF8D6FEDAF8A2" bold="true" box="[323,347,1792,1809]" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">I -L</emphasis>
):
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FED1F8D6FEF7F8A2" bold="true" box="[361,374,1792,1809]" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FEC7F8D6FE0DF8A2" bold="true" box="[383,396,1792,1809]" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">B</emphasis>
, holotype,MNHN.F.A32492 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC6E426FDC4F8D6FD2AF8A2" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[636,683,1792,1809]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="32" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.), Gaas (Espibos),Landes,Aquitaine Basin,France,early Oligocene (Rupelian);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FAEDF8D6FAE2F8A2" bold="true" box="[1365,1379,1792,1809]" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FAD4F8D6FAFBF8A2" bold="true" box="[1388,1402,1792,1809]" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">D</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC6E426FEF1F8C1FEF9F89B" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[329,376,1815,1832]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="32" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.), Gaas (Espibos);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FD8BF8C1FDBEF89B" bold="true" box="[563,575,1815,1832]" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">E</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FDF1F8C1FDD5F89B" bold="true" box="[585,596,1815,1832]" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">F</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), Gironde, Aquitaine Basin, Early Miocene (Burdigalian);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FA24F8C1FA2BF89B" bold="true" box="[1436,1450,1815,1832]" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">G</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FF3CF8F8FF13F88C" bold="true" box="[132,146,1838,1855]" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">H</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FDA0F8F8FD9FF88C" bold="true" box="[536,542,1838,1855]" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">I</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FD9FF8F8FDB0F88C" bold="true" box="[551,561,1838,1855]" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">J</emphasis>
, lectotype designated herein,NHMW1855/0045/0435,Gainfarn,Baden, Austria,Middle Miocene (Langhian);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FF3CF892FF10F8E6" bold="true" box="[132,145,1860,1877]" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">K</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC6E426FF24F892FF26F8E6" bold="true" box="[156,167,1860,1877]" pageId="32" pageNumber="525">L</emphasis>
, Landau coll., Bad VÖslau, Baden. Scale bars: A-H, 5 mm; I-L, 10 mm. Credits:A-H, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); I, J, M. Harzhauser (NHMW); K, L, B. Landau.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC7E427FF23FE2FFE65FAFC" blockId="33.[130,777,215,1360]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">
Eocene
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FF49FE2FFD84FDA0" authorityName="Houart" authorityYear="1995" box="[241,517,504,531]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pterymarchia">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FF49FE2FFEDFFDA1" box="[241,350,505,530]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Pterynotus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FED7FE2EFE7AFDA1" box="[367,507,504,530]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Pterymarchia</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
, such as
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FDDFFE2FFEA3FD81" authority="(Merle 1990)" baseAuthorityName="Merle" baseAuthorityYear="1990" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antiquus" subGenus="Pterymarchia">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FDDFFE2FFDFFFDA1" box="[615,638,505,530]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FD31FE2FFD1DFDA1" box="[649,668,505,530]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FD13FE2FFC86FDA1" box="[683,775,505,530]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">antiquus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC7E427FF36FDCEFE9BFD81" author="MERLE D." box="[142,282,536,562]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" pagination="145 - 185" refId="ref46577" refString="MERLE D. 1990. - Revision des Muricidae du Cuisien de Gan et de Bos d'Arros (Bassin d'Aquitaine, France). Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris 4 eme ser., 11 (1989), sect. C, 3: 145 - 185." type="journal article" year="1990">Merle 1990</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FE8EFDCFFD53FD80" ID-CoL="9FYYF" authority="(Deshayes, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[310,722,536,563]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="denudatus" subGenus="Pterymarchia">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FE8EFDCFFECFFD81" box="[310,334,537,562]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FEE5FDCFFEF0FD81" box="[349,369,537,562]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FE3DFDCEFE79FD81" box="[389,504,536,562]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">denudatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC7E427FDB3FDCEFD49FD80" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[523,712,536,563]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" pagination="79 - 106" refId="ref43930" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1835. - Description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris. Tome 2. Livraisons 40 - 45, l'auteur, Bechet Jeune, Baudouin freres, Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris: 499 - 780; Atlas 2, Levrault, Paris: pl. 79 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 52303" type="book chapter" year="1835">Deshayes, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FF3CFDEFFE5EFDE1" ID-CoL="BM3FH" authority="(Fuchs, 1870)" baseAuthorityName="Fuchs" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[132,479,568,594]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="defensus" subGenus="Pterymarchia">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FF3CFDEFFF1DFDE1" box="[132,156,569,594]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FF14FDEFFF41FDE1" box="[172,192,569,594]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FF6CFDEEFEAFFDE1" box="[212,302,568,594]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">defensus</emphasis>
(Fuchs, 1870)
</taxonomicName>
strongly differ from the
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FF3CFD8FFE9FFDC1" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[132,286,600,626]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gaasensis" status="n. sp." subGenus="Pterymarchia">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FF3CFD8FFF19FDC1" box="[132,152,601,626]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FF1CFD8FFF36FDC1" box="[164,183,601,626]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FF7CFD8FFE9FFDC1" box="[196,286,601,626]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">gaasensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC7E427FE9CFD8FFEDFFDC0" box="[292,350,601,627]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in having trivaricate sculpture.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FD15FD8FFD9CFD21" authority="(von Koenen, 1889)" baseAuthorityName="von Koenen" baseAuthorityYear="1889" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fascistria" subGenus="Pterymarchia">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FD15FD8FFF23FD21" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Pterynotus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FF0CFDAFFF46FD21" box="[180,199,633,658]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FF60FDAEFEB2FD21" box="[216,307,632,658]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">fascistria</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC7E427FEFBFDAEFD94FD21" author="VON KOENEN A." box="[323,533,632,658]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" pagination="1 - 280" refId="ref49077" refString="VON KOENEN A. 1889. - Das Norddeutsche Unter-Oligocan und seine Mollusken-Fauna. Abhandlungen zur geologischen Specialkarte von Preussen und den Thuringischen Staaten 10 (1): 1 - 280." type="journal article" year="1889">von Koenen, 1889</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from the Priabonian of North
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC7E427FF56FD4EFED5FD01" box="[238,340,664,690]" name="Germany" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Germany</collectingCountry>
is more similar shape, as it lacks trivaricate sculpture and because their primary cords are poorly distinguishable from the secondary cords on the last whorls.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FF3BFD2EFEFDFCA1" baseAuthorityName="von Koenen" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[131,380,760,786]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fascistria" subGenus="Pterymarchia">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FF3BFD2EFF71FCA2" box="[131,240,760,785]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Pterynotus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FEB8FD2EFE92FCA2" box="[256,275,760,785]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FE99FD2EFEFDFCA1" box="[289,380,760,786]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">fascistria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FDD2FD2EFC87FCA2" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[618,774,760,786]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gaasensis" status="n. sp." subGenus="Pterymarchia">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FDD2FD2EFD00FCA2" box="[618,641,760,785]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FD34FD2EFD1EFCA2" box="[652,671,760,785]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FD14FD2EFC87FCA2" box="[684,774,760,785]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">gaasensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC7E427FF3CFCCEFF43FC81" box="[132,194,792,818]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in having a lower spire and by lacking intervarices, D1 and ID denticles.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FEC1FCEEFDF2FCE2" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[377,627,823,849]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gaasensis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Pterymarchia">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FEC1FCEEFE67FCE2" box="[377,486,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Pterynotus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FE4EFCEEFD88FCE2" box="[502,521,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FDA1FCEEFDF2FCE2" box="[537,627,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">gaasensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC7E427FDC5FCEEFD38FCE1" box="[637,697,824,850]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
can be compared to two other Neogene species:
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FDF0FC8EFC86FCC2" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[584,775,855,881]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pelouatensis" status="n. sp." subGenus="Pterymarchia">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FDF0FC8EFDDEFCC2" box="[584,607,856,881]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FDD2FC8EFDFCFCC2" box="[618,637,856,881]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FD34FC81FC86FCC2" box="[652,775,855,881]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">pelouatensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC7E427FF3CFCAEFF43FC21" box="[132,194,888,914]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from the Burdigalian of Aquitaine Basin (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC7E427FD25FCA1FD6CFC22" box="[669,749,887,913]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[132,143,1770,1787]" captionTargetBox="[138,1450,251,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-254@32.[699,1263,826,1403]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 18. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Pterynotus (Pterymarchia) gaasensis n. sp. (A-D), P. (P.) pelouatensis n. sp. (E-H) and P. (P) sandbergeri (HÖrnes,1856) (I-L): A, B, holotype,MNHN.F.A32492 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos),Landes,Aquitaine Basin,France,early Oligocene (Rupelian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos);E, F, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), Gironde, Aquitaine Basin, Early Miocene (Burdigalian); G, H, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua); I, J, lectotype designated herein,NHMW1855/0045/0435,Gainfarn,Baden, Austria,Middle Miocene (Langhian); K, L, Landau coll., Bad VÖslau, Baden. Scale bars: A-H, 5 mm; I-L, 10 mm. Credits:A-H, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); I, J, M. Harzhauser (NHMW); K, L, B. Landau." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985802/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Figs 18</figureCitation>
EH; 27G, H) and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FEF5FC4EFD46FC01" authority="(Hornes, 1856)" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Hornes" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[333,711,919,946]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sandbergeri" subGenus="Pterymurex">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FEF5FC4EFEE4FC02" box="[333,357,920,945]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FEC8FC4EFE02FC02" box="[368,387,920,945]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FE2DFC41FD8EFC02" box="[405,527,919,945]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">sandbergeri</emphasis>
(Hörnes, 1856)
</taxonomicName>
from the Langhian of the Paratethys. Both species differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FF3EFC0EFEA3FC42" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[134,290,983,1009]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gaasensis" status="n. sp." subGenus="Pterymarchia">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FF3EFC0EFF1CFC42" box="[134,157,984,1009]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FF1EFC0EFF38FC42" box="[166,185,984,1009]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FF70FC0EFEA3FC42" box="[200,290,984,1009]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">gaasensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC7E427FE92FC01FEE7FC42" box="[298,358,983,1009]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in having more angular whorls with a shoulder delimited by a subspiny P1 and by other primary cords more distinguishable from the secondary cords on the last whorl.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC7E427FE9EFBE1FE51FBE2" author="LOZOUET P." box="[294,464,1079,1105]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" pagination="3 - 162" refId="ref46112" refString="LOZOUET P. 2023. - Muricidae (Gastropoda, Neogastropoda) de l'Oligocene superieur (Chattien) du bassin de l'Adour (Sud-Ouest de la France). Cossmanniana 24: 3 - 162." type="journal article" year="2023">Lozouet (2023)</bibRefCitation>
followed
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC7E427FD83FBE0FC86FBE2" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[571,775,1078,1105]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FD83FBE0FDFAFBE3" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[571,635,1078,1104]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FD3AFBE1FD37FBE3" box="[642,694,1078,1104]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">et al.</emphasis>
(2011)
</bibRefCitation>
and adopted the name
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FE3BFB81FD37FBC3" ID-CoL="BM3KY" baseAuthorityName="A. d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[387,694,1110,1136]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="subquadrifrons">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FE3BFB81FE71FBC3" box="[387,496,1111,1136]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">Pterynotus</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FDA2FB80FD37FBC3" box="[538,694,1110,1136]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">subquadrifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for the Rupelian material from Gaas, but he did not include Chattian and Aquitanian specimens figured in
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC7E427FDF8FB40FD7EFB03" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[576,767,1174,1200]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FDF8FB40FD01FB03" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[576,640,1174,1200]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FD3FFB41FD38FB03" box="[647,697,1174,1200]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">et al.</emphasis>
(2011
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 90, figs 5, 6), because Rupelian shells have a paucispiral protoconch, whereas the Chattian/Aquitanian species has a multispiral protoconch, and is therefore a separate species. Thus, we consider for instance that
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC7E427FDB1FAC0FD26FA9C" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[521,679,1302,1328]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gaasensis" status="n. sp." subGenus="Pterymarchia">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FDB1FAC0FDA1FA9C" box="[521,544,1302,1327]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FD93FAC0FDBFFA9C" box="[555,574,1302,1327]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC7E427FDF5FAC0FD26FA9C" box="[589,679,1302,1327]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="526">gaasensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC7E427FD16FAC0FD6BFA83" box="[686,746,1302,1328]" pageId="33" pageNumber="526" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
to be present only in the Rupelian.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

497
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFCE41CFC63FA22FB3EF9BE" bold="true" box="[987,1215,1523,1550]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">Timbellus curvispina</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFFCE41CFB7EFA25FA80F9BE" box="[1222,1281,1523,1549]" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(
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D-H; 26J-L)
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFCE41CFC95F94AFC5EF900" box="[813,991,1692,1715]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">Murex tricarinatus</emphasis>
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–
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, pl. 82, figs 9, 10 [
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFCE41CFA33F94AFA2EF900" box="[1419,1455,1692,1715]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">non</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFCE41CFC95F960FC40F97D" author="LAMARCK J. - B." box="[813,961,1718,1742]" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" pagination="217 - 227" refId="ref45566" refString="LAMARCK J. - B. 1803. - Memoires sur les fossiles des environs de Paris (suite 1). Annales du Museum d'Histoire naturelle 2 (9): 217 - 227." type="journal article" year="1803">Lamarck, 1803</bibRefCitation>
].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFCE41CFC95F931FB07F8AA" blockId="26.[813,1455,1767,1818]" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3711E2FFFCE41CFC95F931FB07F8AA" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFCE41CFC95F931FBE4F94C" ID-CoL="5F882" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[813,1125,1767,1791]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="crenulatus" subSpecies="tricarinatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFCE41CFC95F931FBE4F94C" box="[813,1125,1767,1791]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">Timbellus crenulatus tricarinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="0A8610DDFFFCE41CFB39F931FAE3F94C" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[1153,1378,1767,1791]" page="440" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFCE41CFB39F931FAE3F94C" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[1153,1378,1767,1791]" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
Merle
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFCE41CFB7AF93EFB70F94C" box="[1218,1265,1767,1791]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">et al.</emphasis>
2011: 440
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 98, figs 6, 7 only [
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFCE41CFC01F8D5FC5CF8A9" box="[953,989,1795,1818]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">non</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFCE41CFC5BF8D4FBF9F8A9" author="LAMARCK J. - B." box="[995,1144,1794,1818]" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" pagination="217 - 227" refId="ref45566" refString="LAMARCK J. - B. 1803. - Memoires sur les fossiles des environs de Paris (suite 1). Annales du Museum d'Histoire naturelle 2 (9): 217 - 227." type="journal article" year="1803">Lamarck, 1803</bibRefCitation>
].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFCE41DFC95F8E2FEB8FE1B" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="520" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFCE41CFC95F8E2FC63F828" blockId="26.[813,1456,1843,2028]" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFFCE41CFC95F8E2FC63F828" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="de Parnes" country="France" location="Falun de Parnes" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFCE41CFC95F8E2FCDCF8FA" baselines="1861,1861" box="[813,861,1844,1867]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFCE41CFCDEF8EFFC45F8F9" baselines="1862" box="[870,964,1849,1866]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="material" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">MATERIAL</smallCapsWord>
. —
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFCE41CFC4DF8E5FB23F8F8" bold="true" box="[1013,1186,1843,1867]" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFFCE41CFC4DF8E5FBD7F8F8" box="[1013,1110,1843,1867]" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFFCE41CFBD8F8E5FB23F8F8" box="[1120,1186,1843,1867]" name="France" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• Paris Basin, Oise, Parnes (Les Bôves);
<location id="8EF86017FFFCE41CFC0AF89BFBD6F8D6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFFCE41DFC63FA22FB82FAA3:8EF86017FFFCE41CFC0AF89BFBD6F8D6" box="[946,1111,1869,1893]" country="France" name="Falun de Parnes" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">
Falun
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFFCE41CFC4CF89BFBD6F8D6" box="[1012,1111,1869,1893]" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">de Parnes</collectorName>
</location>
(biozone NP15); middle Eocene (middle Lutetian);
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFFCE41CFC52F8BEFBBFF8CC" box="[1002,1086,1896,1919]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90541 (ex B63594), H:
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFFCE41CFAECF8BEFA2EF8CC" box="[1364,1455,1896,1920]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.18" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" unit="mm" value="51.8">51.8 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFCE41CFC8DF854FC26F829" box="[821,935,1922,1947]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[132,143,1378,1395]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1334]" captionTargetId="figure-411@26.[698,1267,213,775]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 14. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus crenulatus tricarinatus (Lamarck, 1803) (A-C) and T. curvispina n. sp. (D-H): A, original figure of Lamarck (1816: pl. 418, fig. 5a), Thiverval-Grignon, Yvelines, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); B, C, neotype designated herein, MNHN.F.A90547 (MNHN coll.), Thiverval-Grignon (Falunière); D, paratype, MNHN.F.A73848 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin (Bois-du-But), Eure, Paris Basin, France,middle Eocene (Lutetian); E, F, holotype, MNHN.F.A90541 (MNHN coll.), Parnes, Oise, middle Eocene (Lutetian);G, H, paratype,MNHN.F.A90543 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin. Scale bars: B-H, 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985794/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">Figs 14E, F</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFCE41CFC09F854FC54F828" box="[945,981,1922,1947]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="45.[132,143,1622,1639]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1562]" captionTargetId="figure-370@45.[700,1259,799,1371]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIG. 26. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885: A, B, Timbellus occidentalis n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A90533 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian;B, paratype,MNHN.F.A24031 (Vasseur coll.),Saffré (Bois-Gouët),France,Bartonian;C, D, T.calciacus n. sp.: C, holotype,MNHN.F.A90536 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes), France, Lutetian; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90537 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes); E, F, T. longicanalis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A24101 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A24100, Fresville; G-I, T. magnei n. name: G, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie), France; H, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen with protoconch, Gan (Tuilerie); I, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); J-L, T. curvispina n. sp.: J, holotype, MNHN.F.A90541 (MNHN coll.), Parnes, France, Lutetian; K, paratype, MNHN.F.A90543 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin, France, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A73848 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin; M, T. sixi n. sp., holotype, MNHN.F.A90544 (Six coll.), Trosly-Breuil (Fond Couturier), France, Ypresian; N-P, T. radulfiensis n. sp.: N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77754 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place, France, Priabonian; O, paratype, MNHN.F.A77755 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place; P, paratype, MNHN.F.A90559 (Vasseur coll.), Rauville-la-Place. Scale bars: A,B, N-P, 5 mm; C, D, 3 mm; E-G, I-L, 10 mm; H, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985825" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985825/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">26J</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFCE41DFC95F849FEB8FE1B" blockId="26.[813,1456,1843,2028]" lastBlockId="27.[131,776,215,424]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="520" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFFCE41DFC95F849FDF9FF5C" collectorName="Paris Basin" country="France" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="520" location="France" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFCE41CFC95F849FC5CF804" bold="true" box="[813,989,1951,1975]" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFFCE41CFC95F849FC11F804" box="[813,912,1951,1975]" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFFCE41CFC23F849FC5CF804" box="[923,989,1951,1975]" name="France" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• 3 spm
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFFCE41CFB85F848FB2DF805" box="[1085,1196,1950,1974]" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">Paris Basin</collectorName>
;
<location id="8EF86017FFFCE41CFB00F849FB68F805" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFFCE41DFC63FA22FB82FAA3:8EF86017FFFCE41CFB00F849FB68F805" box="[1208,1257,1951,1974]" country="France" name="Eure" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">Eure</location>
;
<location id="8EF86017FFFCE41CFB4CF848FA2EF805" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFFCE41DFC63FA22FB82FAA3:8EF86017FFFCE41CFB4CF848FA2EF805" box="[1268,1455,1950,1974]" country="France" name="Fontenay-en-Vexin" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">Fontenay-en-Vexin</location>
(Bois du but);
<location id="8EF86017FFFCE41CFC7CF86FFBE2F863" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFFCE41DFC63FA22FB82FAA3:8EF86017FFFCE41CFC7CF86FFBE2F863" box="[964,1123,1977,2001]" country="France" name="Falun de Parnes" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">Falun de Parnes</location>
(biozone NP15); middle
<location id="8EF86017FFFCE41CFAD1F86FFA31F863" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFFCE41DFC63FA22FB82FAA3:8EF86017FFFCE41CFAD1F86FFA31F863" box="[1385,1456,1977,2000]" country="France" name="Eocene" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">Eocene</location>
(
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFFCE41CFC8DF805FC0AF858" box="[821,907,2003,2027]" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">Lutetian</collectorName>
);
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFFCE41CFC2FF802FC6BF858" box="[919,1002,2004,2027]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A73848 (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFCE41CFBE1F805FB30F858" box="[1113,1201,2003,2027]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[132,143,1378,1395]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1334]" captionTargetId="figure-411@26.[698,1267,213,775]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 14. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus crenulatus tricarinatus (Lamarck, 1803) (A-C) and T. curvispina n. sp. (D-H): A, original figure of Lamarck (1816: pl. 418, fig. 5a), Thiverval-Grignon, Yvelines, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); B, C, neotype designated herein, MNHN.F.A90547 (MNHN coll.), Thiverval-Grignon (Falunière); D, paratype, MNHN.F.A73848 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin (Bois-du-But), Eure, Paris Basin, France,middle Eocene (Lutetian); E, F, holotype, MNHN.F.A90541 (MNHN coll.), Parnes, Oise, middle Eocene (Lutetian);G, H, paratype,MNHN.F.A90543 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin. Scale bars: B-H, 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985794/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">Figs 14D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFCE41CFB02F805FB65F85F" box="[1210,1252,2003,2028]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="45.[132,143,1622,1639]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1562]" captionTargetId="figure-370@45.[700,1259,799,1371]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIG. 26. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885: A, B, Timbellus occidentalis n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A90533 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian;B, paratype,MNHN.F.A24031 (Vasseur coll.),Saffré (Bois-Gouët),France,Bartonian;C, D, T.calciacus n. sp.: C, holotype,MNHN.F.A90536 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes), France, Lutetian; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90537 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes); E, F, T. longicanalis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A24101 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A24100, Fresville; G-I, T. magnei n. name: G, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie), France; H, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen with protoconch, Gan (Tuilerie); I, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); J-L, T. curvispina n. sp.: J, holotype, MNHN.F.A90541 (MNHN coll.), Parnes, France, Lutetian; K, paratype, MNHN.F.A90543 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin, France, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A73848 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin; M, T. sixi n. sp., holotype, MNHN.F.A90544 (Six coll.), Trosly-Breuil (Fond Couturier), France, Ypresian; N-P, T. radulfiensis n. sp.: N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77754 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place, France, Priabonian; O, paratype, MNHN.F.A77755 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place; P, paratype, MNHN.F.A90559 (Vasseur coll.), Rauville-la-Place. Scale bars: A,B, N-P, 5 mm; C, D, 3 mm; E-G, I-L, 10 mm; H, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985825" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985825/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">26L</figureCitation>
),
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFFCE41CFB4BF802FAC7F858" box="[1267,1350,2004,2027]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90542,
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFFDE41DFF3CFF01FF58FF5D" box="[132,217,215,238]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90543 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFFDE41DFEF2FF01FEFBFF5C" box="[330,378,215,239]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Pons</collectorName>
coll.) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFDE41DFE07FF01FDBBFF5D" box="[447,570,215,239]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[132,143,1378,1395]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1334]" captionTargetId="figure-411@26.[698,1267,213,775]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 14. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus crenulatus tricarinatus (Lamarck, 1803) (A-C) and T. curvispina n. sp. (D-H): A, original figure of Lamarck (1816: pl. 418, fig. 5a), Thiverval-Grignon, Yvelines, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); B, C, neotype designated herein, MNHN.F.A90547 (MNHN coll.), Thiverval-Grignon (Falunière); D, paratype, MNHN.F.A73848 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin (Bois-du-But), Eure, Paris Basin, France,middle Eocene (Lutetian); E, F, holotype, MNHN.F.A90541 (MNHN coll.), Parnes, Oise, middle Eocene (Lutetian);G, H, paratype,MNHN.F.A90543 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin. Scale bars: B-H, 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985794/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Figs 14G, H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFDE41DFDFDFF01FDF1FF5C" box="[581,624,215,239]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="45.[132,143,1622,1639]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1562]" captionTargetId="figure-370@45.[700,1259,799,1371]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIG. 26. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885: A, B, Timbellus occidentalis n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A90533 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian;B, paratype,MNHN.F.A24031 (Vasseur coll.),Saffré (Bois-Gouët),France,Bartonian;C, D, T.calciacus n. sp.: C, holotype,MNHN.F.A90536 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes), France, Lutetian; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90537 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes); E, F, T. longicanalis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A24101 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A24100, Fresville; G-I, T. magnei n. name: G, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie), France; H, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen with protoconch, Gan (Tuilerie); I, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); J-L, T. curvispina n. sp.: J, holotype, MNHN.F.A90541 (MNHN coll.), Parnes, France, Lutetian; K, paratype, MNHN.F.A90543 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin, France, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A73848 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin; M, T. sixi n. sp., holotype, MNHN.F.A90544 (Six coll.), Trosly-Breuil (Fond Couturier), France, Ypresian; N-P, T. radulfiensis n. sp.: N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77754 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place, France, Priabonian; O, paratype, MNHN.F.A77755 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place; P, paratype, MNHN.F.A90559 (Vasseur coll.), Rauville-la-Place. Scale bars: A,B, N-P, 5 mm; C, D, 3 mm; E-G, I-L, 10 mm; H, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985825" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985825/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">26K</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFFDE41DFD3FFF01FE83FE97" collectorName="Lutetian" country="France" location="Eocene" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
1 spm; idem;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFFDE41DFF3CFF24FF59FEBA" box="[132,216,242,265]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A32514 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFFDE41DFEFDFF27FE0AFEBA" box="[325,395,241,265]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Pacaud</collectorName>
coll.), figured
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFDA8FF24FDA2FEBA" box="[528,547,242,265]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">in</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFDE41DFD92FF27FC82FEBA" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[554,771,241,265]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFD92FF27FDE3FEBA" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[554,610,241,265]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFDDFFF24FD12FEBA" box="[615,659,241,265]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">et al.</emphasis>
(2011: 440
</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 98, fig. 7)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFFDE41DFEA1FEDAFEB7FEC0" collectorName="Butte Saint-Leonard" country="France" location="Paris Basin" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
1 spm;
<location id="8EF86017FFFDE41DFED9FEDAFE4CFE97" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFFCE41DFC63FA22FB82FAA3:8EF86017FFFDE41DFED9FEDAFE4CFE97" box="[353,461,268,292]" country="France" name="Paris Basin" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Paris Basin</location>
, Yvelines, Villiers-Saint-Frédéric (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFFDE41DFF33FEF0FED7FE8D" box="[139,342,294,318]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Butte Saint-Léonard</collectorName>
);
<location id="8EF86017FFFDE41DFEDEFEF0FE7EFE8D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFFCE41DFC63FA22FB82FAA3:8EF86017FFFDE41DFEDEFEF0FE7EFE8D" box="[358,511,294,318]" country="France" name="Falun de Parnes" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Falun de Parnes</location>
(biozone NP15);
<location id="8EF86017FFFDE41DFD16FEF0FC82FE8D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFFCE41DFC63FA22FB82FAA3:8EF86017FFFDE41DFD16FEF0FC82FE8D" box="[686,771,294,318]" country="France" name="Lutetian" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Lutetian</location>
;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFFDE41DFF3CFE97FF58FEEB" box="[132,217,321,344]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A32516 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFFDE41DFEF3FE97FE22FEEA" box="[331,419,321,345]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Schtrock</collectorName>
coll.), figured
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFD8DFE97FDC8FEEB" box="[565,585,321,344]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">in</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFDE41DFDF7FE97FF2BFEC0" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." pageId="27" pageNumber="520" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFDF7FE97FD09FEEA" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[591,648,321,345]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFD28FE97FD41FEEA" box="[656,704,321,345]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">et al.</emphasis>
(2011: 440
</bibRefCitation>
pl. 98, fig. 6)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFFDE41DFEFEFE8DFEB4FE1B" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Yvelines &amp; Parnes" country="France" location="Paris Basin" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
1 spm;
<location id="8EF86017FFFDE41DFE29FE8DFE7EFEC0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFFCE41DFC63FA22FB82FAA3:8EF86017FFFDE41DFE29FE8DFE7EFEC0" box="[401,511,347,371]" country="France" name="Paris Basin" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Paris Basin</location>
,
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFFDE41DFDB2FE8DFDDAFEC0" box="[522,603,347,371]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Yvelines</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFFDE41DFDDEFE8AFD29FEC0" box="[614,680,348,371]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Parnes</collectorName>
;
<location id="8EF86017FFFDE41DFD0AFE8DFF45FE3E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFFCE41DFC63FA22FB82FAA3:8EF86017FFFDE41DFD0AFE8DFF45FE3E" country="France" name="Falun de Parnes" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Falun de Parnes</location>
(biozone NP15);
<location id="8EF86017FFFDE41DFEC2FEA0FE4EFE3D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFFCE41DFC63FA22FB82FAA3:8EF86017FFFDE41DFEC2FEA0FE4EFE3D" box="[378,463,374,398]" country="France" name="Lutetian" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Lutetian</location>
;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFFDE41DFE62FEA0FDAEFE3E" box="[474,559,374,397]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90544 (ex
<location id="8EF86017FFFDE41DFD78FEA0FF7BFE1B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFFCE41DFC63FA22FB82FAA3:8EF86017FFFDE41DFD78FEA0FF7BFE1B" country="France" name="Galerie de Zoologie" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Galerie de Zoologie</location>
coll.)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFDE41DFF3CFE16FE93FDBE" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFDE41DFF3CFE16FE93FDBE" blockId="27.[131,775,448,525]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFDE41DFF3CFE16FF7FFE65" baselines="465,466" box="[132,254,448,471]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Etymology" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">ETYMOLOGY</smallCapsWord>
. — Name derived from Latin
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFD9BFE16FDCDFE64" box="[547,588,448,471]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">curv</emphasis>
- (meaning curved) and
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFF15FE0DFF5CFE41" box="[173,221,475,498]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">spina</emphasis>
(meaning spine) and refers to the P1 spine dorsally curved; gender female.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFDE41DFF3CFDF3FEDCFD12" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFDE41DFF3CFDF3FD22FDE4" blockId="27.[132,776,548,599]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFDE41DFF3CFDF3FF34FD89" baselines="566,566" box="[132,181,549,572]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFDE41DFF05FDFCFE99FD88" baselines="567" box="[189,280,554,571]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="horizon" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">HORIZON</smallCapsWord>
. — Falun de Parnes (biozone NP15), see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFDE41DFD06FDF2FE89FDE4" author="GELY J. - P. &amp; LORENZ C." pageId="27" pageNumber="520" pagination="713 - 747" refId="ref44561" refString="GELY J. - P. &amp; LORENZ C. 1991. - Analyse sequentielle de l'Eocene et de l'Oligocene du Bassin parisien (France). Revue de l'institut francais du petrole 46 (6): 713 - 747." type="journal article" year="1991">Gély &amp; Lorenz (1991</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 1), middle Eocene (middle Lutetian).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFDE41DFF3CFDB9FEDCFD12" blockId="27.[132,775,622,673]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFDE41DFF3CFDB9FF34FD37" baselines="640,640" box="[132,181,623,646]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFDE41DFF04FDA2FE96FD36" baselines="641" box="[188,279,628,645]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="locality" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">LOCALITY</smallCapsWord>
. —
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFFDE41DFEF4FDB9FE11FD35" box="[332,400,623,646]" name="France" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">France</collectingCountry>
, Paris Basin, Oise, Parnes (Les Bôves), see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFDE41DFF1FFD5FFEDBFD12" author="FRITEL P. H." box="[167,346,649,673]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" refId="ref44321" refString="FRITEL P. H. 1910. - Guide geologique et paleontologique de la region parisienne dans un rayon de 100 kilometres. Deyrolle, Paris, 356 p." type="book" year="1910">Fritel (1910: 221)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFDE41DFF3CFD6FFDEDFD58" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFDE41DFF3CFD6FFDEDFD58" blockId="27.[132,775,696,747]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFDE41DFF3CFD6FFE93FD7C" baselines="714,715" box="[132,274,697,720]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Distribution" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
. — Calcaire grossier moyen, biozone NP15, Paris Basin (
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFFDE41DFF70FD05FE8FFD58" box="[200,270,723,747]" name="France" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">France</collectingCountry>
), middle Eocene (middle Lutetian).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFDE41DFF3CFCC0FB82FAA3" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFDE41DFF3CFCC0FE94FC9D" blockId="27.[130,777,790,1645]" box="[132,277,790,816]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFDE41DFF3CFCC0FE94FC9D" baselines="809,809" box="[132,277,790,816]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Description" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">DESCRIPTION</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFDE41DFF3CFCE3FF53F9DE" blockId="27.[130,777,790,1645]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">
Protoconch not preserved. Teleoconch up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFFDE41DFDC7FCE3FD66FCE3" box="[639,743,821,848]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.18" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" unit="mm" value="51.8">51.8 mm</quantity>
in height, up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFFDE41DFEA1FC83FEE9FCC3" box="[281,360,853,880]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
in width, subfusiform in profile, composed of six whorls. Moderately high spire. Last whorl up to 85% of total length. Apical angle 63°. Spiral sculpture with marked primary cords on varices, but weaker on intervarices. First and second whorls eroded. From third: appearance of weak P1 and P2. Third word: no change. Fourth whorl: appearance of s1. Fifth whorl: occasional appearance of s2. Sixth whorl: P1 to P6, s1, s2, P6 not atrophied, s1 well developed; ADP developed, MP, ABP weak or missing on siphonal canal. Axial sculpture eroded on two early whorls. On second whorl, eight protovarices. Third whorl: appearance of varices; three varices and one intervarix between. From fourth to last whorl, no change. Higher relief of intervarices on P2. Varices sublamellose. Appearance of short straight P1 spine on fourth whorl. On last whorl, axial ornamentation forming very short spinelets, dorsally recurved on P1 to P6. P1 spine more strongly developed than other cord spines. Rounded aperture up to 34% of diameter and up to 74% of length of last whorl (including siphonal canal). Columellar lip smooth, narrow, slightly erect anteriorly, forming curved inductura at base. Parietal lip slightly adherent. Outer lip with very weak denticles including D1 to D6. Small crenulations at edge of outer lip. Siphonal canal narrow, open, bent, slightly dorsally recurved, up to 81% of apertural length. Pseudoumbilicus narrow
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFDE41DFF3CF944FE9EF918" blockId="27.[130,777,1682,2027]" box="[132,287,1682,1708]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFDE41DFF3CF944FE9EF918" baselines="1701,1702" box="[132,287,1682,1708]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Comparisons" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">COMPARISONS</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFDE41DFF3CF964FA2FFD7C" blockId="27.[130,777,1682,2027]" lastBlockId="27.[811,1457,215,720]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">
This species can be included in the group of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFDC7F965FC88F97F" baseAuthorityName="Roding" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[639,777,1714,1740]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crenulatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFDC7F965FC88F97F" box="[639,777,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T. crenulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
defined by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFDE41DFF42F904FDB4F95F" author="HARASEWYCH M. G. &amp; JENSEN R. H." box="[250,565,1746,1772]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref44794" refString="HARASEWYCH M. G. &amp; JENSEN R. H. 1979. - Review of the subgenus Pterynotus (Gastropoda: Muricidae) in the Western Atlantic. Nemouria 22: 1 - 16. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 45974443" type="journal article" year="1979">Harasewych &amp; Jensen (1979)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFDE41DFDFAF904FD53F95F" author="VOKES E. H." box="[578,722,1746,1772]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" pagination="1 - 108" refId="ref48996" refString="VOKES E. H. 1992. - Cenozoic Muricidae of the Western Atlantic region, Part IX - Pterynotus, Poirieria, Aspella, Dermomurex, Calotrophon, Acantolabia, and Attiliosa; additions and corrections. Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 25 (1 - 3): 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="1992">Vokes (1992)</bibRefCitation>
, and updated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFDE41DFF44F924FE66F8BE" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[252,487,1778,1805]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFF44F924FEBBF8BF" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[252,314,1778,1804]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFEF9F925FEF0F8BF" box="[321,369,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">et al.</emphasis>
(2011: 15)
</bibRefCitation>
. In this group the last whorl is generally wider than in species of the
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFD93F8C4FD38F89F" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[555,697,1810,1836]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tripteroides">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFD93F8C4FD38F89F" box="[555,697,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T. tripteroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, the shoulder spine (P1) is more delineated and the internal denticles within the outer lip are weaker. The spiral sculpture corresponds to fine primary cords, as in the
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFD8FF8A4FD3DF838" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[567,700,1905,1931]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tripteroides">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFD8FF8A4FD3DF838" box="[567,700,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T.tripteroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFF3AF847FED1F818" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[130,336,1937,1963]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="curvispina" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFF3AF847FED1F818" box="[130,336,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Timbellus curvispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFFDE41DFEEEF844FE0CF81F" box="[342,397,1938,1964]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
was mistaken for the Lutetian species
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFF3AF864FDBAF878" authority="(Lamarck, 1803)" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[130,571,1969,1995]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="crenulatus" subSpecies="tricarinatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFF3AF864FE01F878" box="[130,384,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T. crenulatus tricarinatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFDE41DFE37F867FDB2F878" author="LAMARCK J. - B." box="[399,563,1969,1995]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" pagination="217 - 227" refId="ref45566" refString="LAMARCK J. - B. 1803. - Memoires sur les fossiles des environs de Paris (suite 1). Annales du Museum d'Histoire naturelle 2 (9): 217 - 227." type="journal article" year="1803">Lamarck, 1803</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
but it differs by the construction of the P1 spine. This spine is straight, long and oriented abaperturally in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFB8FFF0EFAB9FF42" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[1079,1336,215,241]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="crenulatus" subSpecies="tricarinatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFB8FFF0EFAB9FF42" box="[1079,1336,215,241]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T. crenulatus tricarinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, whereas it is shorter, curved and dorsally oriented in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFB51FF2EFAEEFEA2" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1257,1391,248,273]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="curvispina" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFB51FF2EFAEEFEA2" box="[1257,1391,248,273]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T. curvispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFFDE41DFACDFF2EFA2FFEA1" box="[1397,1454,248,274]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(see
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFDE41DFCE2FEC1FC22FE82" box="[858,931,279,305]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[132,143,1378,1395]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1334]" captionTargetId="figure-411@26.[698,1267,213,775]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 14. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus crenulatus tricarinatus (Lamarck, 1803) (A-C) and T. curvispina n. sp. (D-H): A, original figure of Lamarck (1816: pl. 418, fig. 5a), Thiverval-Grignon, Yvelines, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); B, C, neotype designated herein, MNHN.F.A90547 (MNHN coll.), Thiverval-Grignon (Falunière); D, paratype, MNHN.F.A73848 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin (Bois-du-But), Eure, Paris Basin, France,middle Eocene (Lutetian); E, F, holotype, MNHN.F.A90541 (MNHN coll.), Parnes, Oise, middle Eocene (Lutetian);G, H, paratype,MNHN.F.A90543 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin. Scale bars: B-H, 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985794/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFC00FEC1FB0FFE82" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[952,1166,279,305]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="curvispina" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFC00FEC1FB0FFE82" box="[952,1166,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Timbellus curvispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFFDE41DFB29FECEFB4BFE81" box="[1169,1226,280,306]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
also bears cord spines that are always more developed than in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFB58FEEEFCEDFEC2" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="crenulatus" subSpecies="tricarinatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFB58FEEEFCEDFEC2" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T. crenulatus tricarinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Moreover, the spiral cords of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFB04FE8EFAC4FEC2" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1212,1349,344,369]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="curvispina" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFB04FE8EFAC4FEC2" box="[1212,1349,344,369]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T. curvispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFFDE41DFAF4FE81FA09FEC2" box="[1356,1416,343,369]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are weak in the intervarical spaces, whereas those of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFA92FEA1FC24FE03" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="crenulatus" subSpecies="tricarinatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFA92FEA1FC24FE03" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T. crenulatus tricarinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are well marked.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFDE41DFBCAFE40FAD3FE02" author="PACAUD J. - M. &amp; LEDON D. &amp; GORET B." box="[1138,1362,406,433]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" pagination="58 - 61" refId="ref48127" refString="PACAUD J. - M., LEDON D. &amp; GORET B. 2017. - Timbellus capitaneus n. sp., une espece nouvelle de Muricidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) du Lutetien (Eocene moyen) du bassin de Paris. Fossiles. Revue francaise de paleontologie 32: 58 - 61." type="journal article" year="2017">
Pacaud
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFB7EFE41FB7CFE03" box="[1222,1277,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">et al.</emphasis>
(2017)
</bibRefCitation>
recently designated the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFFDE41DFC61FE60FBBCFE63" box="[985,1085,438,464]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFBDFFE61FCE6FE42" authority="Deshayes, 1835" authorityName="Deshayes" authorityYear="1835" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tricarinoides">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFBDFFE61FABBFE63" box="[1127,1338,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Murex tricarinoides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFDE41DFAF9FE60FCE6FE42" author="DESHAYES G. - P." pageId="27" pageNumber="520" pagination="79 - 106" refId="ref43930" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1835. - Description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris. Tome 2. Livraisons 40 - 45, l'auteur, Bechet Jeune, Baudouin freres, Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris: 499 - 780; Atlas 2, Levrault, Paris: pl. 79 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 52303" type="book chapter" year="1835">Deshayes, 1835</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
demonstrating that authors confused this species with another:
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFC2BFE21FA0BFDA3" authority="Pacaud, Ledon &amp; Goret, 2017" authorityName="Pacaud, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2017" box="[915,1418,502,528]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="capitaneus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFC2BFE21FBA0FDA3" box="[915,1057,503,528]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T. capitaneus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFDE41DFB93FE20FA0BFDA3" author="PACAUD J. - M. &amp; LEDON D. &amp; GORET B." box="[1067,1418,502,528]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" pagination="58 - 61" refId="ref48127" refString="PACAUD J. - M., LEDON D. &amp; GORET B. 2017. - Timbellus capitaneus n. sp., une espece nouvelle de Muricidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) du Lutetien (Eocene moyen) du bassin de Paris. Fossiles. Revue francaise de paleontologie 32: 58 - 61." type="journal article" year="2017">Pacaud, Ledon &amp; Goret, 2017</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. In addition, they synonymised
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFBEEFDC1FB6EFD83" authorityName="Deshayes" authorityYear="1835" box="[1110,1263,534,560]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tricarinoides">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFBEEFDC1FB6EFD83" box="[1110,1263,534,560]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T. tricarinoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFA93FDC1FC22FDE3" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="crenulatus" subSpecies="tricarinatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFA93FDC1FC22FDE3" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T. crenulatus tricarinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFB9CFDE1FB43FDE3" authorityName="Deshayes" authorityYear="1835" box="[1060,1218,566,592]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tricarinoides">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFB9CFDE1FB43FDE3" box="[1060,1218,566,592]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T. tricarinoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFAEAFDE1FC5DFDC3" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="crenulatus" subSpecies="tricarinatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFAEAFDE1FC5DFDC3" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T. crenulatus tricarinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in lacking true P1 spines and in displaying a rounded outer lip.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFBB3FDA1FA2EFD23" authority="(Roding, 1798)" baseAuthorityName="Roding" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[1035,1455,630,656]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="crenulatus" subSpecies="crenulatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFBB3FDA1FA80FD23" box="[1035,1281,630,656]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T. crenulatus crenulatus</emphasis>
(Röding, 1798)
</taxonomicName>
from the Bartonian is easily distinguishable from
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFA92FD40FA2FFD1C" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1322,1454,662,687]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="curvispina" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFA92FD40FA2FFD1C" box="[1322,1454,662,687]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T. curvispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFFDE41DFC93FD60FCE7FD63" box="[811,870,694,720]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by its acute and long P1 spine pointing abaperturally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFDE41DFC95FD21FB82FAA3" blockId="27.[811,1457,759,1296]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFDE41DFC3DFD2AFC4FFCBC" baselines="778" box="[901,974,764,783]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="lower" normString="group" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">GROUP</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFDE41DFC6DFD2AFC70FCBC" baselines="778" box="[981,1009,764,783]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="lower" normString="of" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">OF</smallCapsWord>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFC40FD21FB90FCA3" box="[1016,1041,759,784]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFBA0FD2AFAF7FCA2" authority="(LAMARCK, 1822)" baseAuthorityName="LAMARCK" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[1048,1398,759,785]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Phyllopterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFBA0FD2AFB31FCBC" box="[1048,1200,764,783]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">PHYLLOPTERUS</emphasis>
</smallCapsWord>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFDE41DFB06FD21FAEFFCA2" author="LAMARCK J. - B." box="[1214,1390,759,785]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" refId="ref45696" refString="LAMARCK J. - B. 1822. - Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertebres presentant les caracteres generaux et particuliers de ces animaux, leur distribution, leurs classes, leurs familles, leurs genres, et la citation des principales especes qui s'y rapportent et Supplement a divers types de gasteropodes et de Trachelipodes comprenant l'indication des coquilles fossiles qui ne furent point citees dans leurs genres respectifs. Tome 7. Lamarck, Paris, 711 p." type="book" year="1822">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFDE41DFB06FD21FAA6FCBC" baselines="778,778" box="[1214,1319,759,785]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lamarck" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">LAMARCK</smallCapsWord>
, 1822
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
Members of this group are usually large sized and share a strong development of the internal denticles within the outer lip and strong primary cords; secondary cords are poorly developed. All species lack columellar denticles, except in the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFFDE41DFCE0FC41FC36FC02" box="[856,951,919,945]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFC63FC4EFA97FC02" authority="(Harasewych, 1982)" baseAuthorityName="Harasewych" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[987,1302,919,946]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="xenos">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFC63FC4EFC6DFC02" box="[987,1004,920,945]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFC43FC4EFBB0FC02" box="[1019,1073,920,945]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">xenos</emphasis>
(Harasewych, 1982)
</taxonomicName>
, which is presumably a pathological specimen (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFDE41DFB1FFC61FAD7FC62" author="VOKES E. H." box="[1191,1366,951,978]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" pagination="1 - 108" refId="ref48996" refString="VOKES E. H. 1992. - Cenozoic Muricidae of the Western Atlantic region, Part IX - Pterynotus, Poirieria, Aspella, Dermomurex, Calotrophon, Acantolabia, and Attiliosa; additions and corrections. Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 25 (1 - 3): 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="1992">Vokes 1992: 18</bibRefCitation>
). In the middle Eocene from Europe,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFBD0FC01FAEEFC42" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1128,1391,983,1009]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="submicropterus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFBD0FC01FAEEFC42" box="[1128,1391,983,1009]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Timbellus submicropterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFFDE41DFACDFC01FA31FC42" box="[1397,1456,983,1009]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(upper Lutetian) and the Bartonian
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFB1CFC2EFCEDFB82" authority="(Deshayes, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micropterus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFB1CFC2EFAB7FBA2" box="[1188,1334,1016,1041]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T. micropterus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFDE41DFAFBFC21FCE5FB82" author="DESHAYES G. - P." pageId="27" pageNumber="520" pagination="79 - 106" refId="ref43930" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1835. - Description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris. Tome 2. Livraisons 40 - 45, l'auteur, Bechet Jeune, Baudouin freres, Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris: 499 - 780; Atlas 2, Levrault, Paris: pl. 79 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 52303" type="book chapter" year="1835">Deshayes, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
represent the oldest members of this species group. It becomes more diversified in the late Eocene/early Oligocene with
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFCDAFB81FB29FBC2" authority="(Grateloup, 1845)" baseAuthorityName="Grateloup" baseAuthorityYear="1845" box="[866,1192,1110,1137]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lamarckii">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFCDAFB81FC5EFBC3" box="[866,991,1110,1136]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T. lamarckii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFDE41DFC54FB80FB20FBC2" author="GRATELOUP J. - P. S. &amp; DE" box="[1004,1185,1110,1137]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" pagination="5 - 10" refId="ref44730" refString="GRATELOUP J. - P. S. (DE.) 1845. - Conchyliologie fossile des terrains tertiaires du bassin de l'Adour (environ de Dax). Tome 1. Univalves, Lafargue, Bordeaux: pls 1, 3, 5 - 10, 12 - 48. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 55305392" type="journal article" year="1845">Grateloup, 1845</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFB09FB81FCEFFB23" authority="(von Koenen, 1890)" baseAuthorityName="von Koenen" baseAuthorityYear="1890" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="detritus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFB09FB81FA99FBC3" box="[1201,1304,1110,1136]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T. detritus</emphasis>
(von Koenen, 1890)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFCC3FBA1FB19FB23" authority="(Steuer, 1912)" baseAuthorityName="Steuer" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[891,1176,1142,1168]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="arenarius">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFCC3FBA1FC77FB23" box="[891,1014,1143,1168]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T. arenarius</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFDE41DFBBCFBA0FB0EFB23" author="STEUER A." box="[1028,1167,1142,1168]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" pagination="1 - 65" refId="ref48658" refString="STEUER A. 1912. - Marine Conchylien aus dem Mainzer Becken, I. Abhandlungen der Grossherzoglich Hessischen Geologischen Landeshanstalt zu Darmstadt 6 (1): 1 - 65." type="journal article" year="1912">Steuer, 1912</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFB19FBA1FA2EFB23" authority="Pacaud, 2018" authorityName="Pacaud" authorityYear="2018" box="[1185,1455,1142,1168]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="danapris">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFB19FBA1FA97FB23" box="[1185,1302,1142,1168]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T. danapris</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFDE41DFAA5FBA0FA2EFB23" author="PACAUD J. - M." box="[1309,1455,1142,1168]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" pagination="107 - 116" refId="ref48075" refString="PACAUD J. - M. 2018. - Timbellus danapris n. sp., une espece nouvelle de Muricidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) du Priabonien (Eocene superieur) de Dnipro (Oblast de Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine). Novapex 19 (4): 107 - 116." type="journal article" year="2018">Pacaud, 2018</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFCE6FB41FC6EFB03" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[862,1007,1174,1200]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radulfiensis" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFCE6FB41FC6EFB03" box="[862,1007,1174,1200]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T. radulfiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFFDE41DFC40FB41FBB5FB02" box="[1016,1076,1175,1201]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
It contains three Miocene species:
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFC96FB61FBE0FB63" authority="(Bellardi, 1872)" baseAuthorityName="Bellardi" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[814,1121,1206,1232]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perlongus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFC96FB61FC2DFB63" box="[814,940,1206,1232]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T. perlongus</emphasis>
(Bellardi, 1872)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFBD7FB61FA2EFB63" authority="(Bellardi, 1872)" baseAuthorityName="Bellardi" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[1135,1455,1206,1232]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rosavendae">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFBD7FB61FB7AFB63" box="[1135,1275,1206,1232]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T. rosavendae</emphasis>
(Bellardi, 1872)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFCE4FB01FB47FB43" authority="(Magne, 1941)" baseAuthorityName="Magne" baseAuthorityYear="1941" box="[860,1222,1238,1264]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pseudolamarcki">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFCE4FB01FB99FB43" box="[860,1048,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">T. pseudolamarcki</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFDE41DFB90FB00FB3FFB43" author="MAGNE A." box="[1064,1214,1238,1264]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" pagination="28 - 36" refId="ref46270" refString="MAGNE A. 1941. - Sur quelques especes nouvelles ou interessantes provenant du Calcaire a Asteries de la Souys. Proces-verbaux de la Societe linneenne de Bordeaux 91: 28 - 36." type="journal article" year="1941">Magne, 1941</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, and becomes extinct before the Pliocene.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

379
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<mods:title id="89624DA43A787FEAFF0BD1D72F37DC33">New Cenozoic Muricidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Europe</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B04F093CCAA54FD13FE106312B0F8307">Merle, Didier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FD70CE92F4B328028D0645FA6A7339C5">Pacaud, Jean-Michel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="176BD407207169BE35927514A8B2A566">Ledon, Daniel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8F7704A77E31D96B3F0B70D344E9A87C">Muséum national d’histoire naturelle, Département Origines et Évolution (CR 2 P - MNHN, CNRS, UPMC, Sorbonne Université), 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) didier. merle @ mnhn. fr (corresponding author) jean-michel. pacaud @ mnhn. fr dnledon @ yahoo. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6EE924B9271F49CD601422A96316368F">Goret, Bernard</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FF9D773CF7515AA247ECB25D45CF31BD">Raoul Ponchon, F- 31500 Toulouse (France) bernardgoret @ hotmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="A191D1DBA0DFA5D4217950E8D28B1B57">Geodiversitas</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A0BC2B43A447C2D5C461972AD73A16E8">
<mods:date id="6F1471588B7D28BDD11101F52B8D2353">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4BAACBAE079FFD453DAB3649D1665851">2024-10-24</mods:number>
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFEE1FB63FE70FB7D" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[345,497,1204,1231]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sixi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFEE1FB63FE70FB7D" bold="true" box="[345,497,1204,1231]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Timbellus sixi</emphasis>
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(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFFE41FFEC5FB02FE4AFB5D" box="[381,459,1236,1262]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="25.[131,142,807,824]" captionTargetBox="[132,775,214,764]" captionTargetId="figure-834@25.[131,684,213,766]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIG. 13. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus sixin. sp. holotype, MNHN.F.A90544 (Six coll.),Trosly-Breuil (Fond Couturier),Oise,Paris Basin (France), early Eocene (Ypresian). Scale bar: 5 mm. Credits: P. Loubry." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985788" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985788/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Figs 13</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFFE41FFE61FB02FD91FB5D" box="[473,528,1236,1262]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="45.[132,143,1622,1639]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1562]" captionTargetId="figure-370@45.[700,1259,799,1371]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIG. 26. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885: A, B, Timbellus occidentalis n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A90533 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian;B, paratype,MNHN.F.A24031 (Vasseur coll.),Saffré (Bois-Gouët),France,Bartonian;C, D, T.calciacus n. sp.: C, holotype,MNHN.F.A90536 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes), France, Lutetian; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90537 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes); E, F, T. longicanalis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A24101 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A24100, Fresville; G-I, T. magnei n. name: G, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie), France; H, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen with protoconch, Gan (Tuilerie); I, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); J-L, T. curvispina n. sp.: J, holotype, MNHN.F.A90541 (MNHN coll.), Parnes, France, Lutetian; K, paratype, MNHN.F.A90543 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin, France, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A73848 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin; M, T. sixi n. sp., holotype, MNHN.F.A90544 (Six coll.), Trosly-Breuil (Fond Couturier), France, Ypresian; N-P, T. radulfiensis n. sp.: N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77754 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place, France, Priabonian; O, paratype, MNHN.F.A77755 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place; P, paratype, MNHN.F.A90559 (Vasseur coll.), Rauville-la-Place. Scale bars: A,B, N-P, 5 mm; C, D, 3 mm; E-G, I-L, 10 mm; H, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985825" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985825/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">26M</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFFE41FFF3CFA8CFE0FFA72" blockId="25.[132,776,1370,1473]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFFFE41FFF3CFA8CFE0FFA72" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="de Cuise &amp; Six" country="France" county="lower Cuisian" location="Paris Basin" municipality="Ypresian" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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. —
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<typeStatus id="549C886EFFFFE41FFEF3FA8CFE2DFAC1" box="[331,428,1370,1394]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFFFE41FFE0FFA8CFE78FAC1" box="[439,505,1370,1394]" name="France" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">France</collectingCountry>
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•
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,
<location id="8EF86017FFFFE41FFD33FA8CFD3BFAC1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFFFE41CFEE1FB63FF77F858:8EF86017FFFFE41FFD33FA8CFD3BFAC1" box="[651,698,1370,1394]" country="France" county="lower Cuisian" municipality="Ypresian" name="Oise" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Oise</location>
,
<location id="8EF86017FFFFE41FFD7CFA8CFF3EFA3F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFFFE41CFEE1FB63FF77F858:8EF86017FFFFE41FFD7CFA8CFF3EFA3F" country="France" county="lower Cuisian" municipality="Ypresian" name="Trosly-Breuil" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Trosly-Breuil</location>
(
<location id="8EF86017FFFFE41FFF76FAA2FEF1FA3F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFFFE41CFEE1FB63FF77F858:8EF86017FFFFE41FFF76FAA2FEF1FA3F" box="[206,368,1396,1420]" country="France" county="lower Cuisian" municipality="Ypresian" name="Fond Couturier" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Fond Couturier</location>
);
<location id="8EF86017FFFFE41FFE3BFAA2FD9EFA3F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFFFE41CFEE1FB63FF77F858:8EF86017FFFFE41FFE3BFAA2FD9EFA3F" box="[387,543,1396,1420]" country="France" county="lower Cuisian" municipality="Ypresian" name="Sables de Cuise" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">
Sables
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFFFE41FFE7EFAA2FD9EFA3F" box="[454,543,1396,1420]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">de Cuise</collectorName>
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, (biozone NP12); early
<location id="8EF86017FFFFE41FFF3EFA59FF4CFA15" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFFFE41CFEE1FB63FF77F858:8EF86017FFFFE41FFF3EFA59FF4CFA15" box="[134,205,1423,1446]" country="France" county="lower Cuisian" municipality="Ypresian" name="Eocene" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Eocene</location>
(
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,
<collectingCounty id="62F94E40FFFFE41FFEF8FA59FE4CFA14" box="[320,461,1423,1447]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">lower Cuisian</collectingCounty>
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<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFFFE41FFE58FA59FDB5FA15" box="[480,564,1423,1446]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90544 (
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coll.), H:
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFFFE41FFF1FFA7FFF6EFA72" box="[167,239,1449,1473]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
(
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;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFFE41FFEF6FA7FFE03FA72" box="[334,386,1449,1473]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="45.[132,143,1622,1639]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1562]" captionTargetId="figure-370@45.[700,1259,799,1371]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIG. 26. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885: A, B, Timbellus occidentalis n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A90533 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian;B, paratype,MNHN.F.A24031 (Vasseur coll.),Saffré (Bois-Gouët),France,Bartonian;C, D, T.calciacus n. sp.: C, holotype,MNHN.F.A90536 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes), France, Lutetian; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90537 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes); E, F, T. longicanalis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A24101 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A24100, Fresville; G-I, T. magnei n. name: G, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie), France; H, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen with protoconch, Gan (Tuilerie); I, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); J-L, T. curvispina n. sp.: J, holotype, MNHN.F.A90541 (MNHN coll.), Parnes, France, Lutetian; K, paratype, MNHN.F.A90543 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin, France, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A73848 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin; M, T. sixi n. sp., holotype, MNHN.F.A90544 (Six coll.), Trosly-Breuil (Fond Couturier), France, Ypresian; N-P, T. radulfiensis n. sp.: N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77754 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place, France, Priabonian; O, paratype, MNHN.F.A77755 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place; P, paratype, MNHN.F.A90559 (Vasseur coll.), Rauville-la-Place. Scale bars: A,B, N-P, 5 mm; C, D, 3 mm; E-G, I-L, 10 mm; H, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985825" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985825/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">26M</figureCitation>
).
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFFE41FFF3CFA0FFF4EF9B8" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" type="etymology">
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. — Dedicated to Didier Six who collected this rare species.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFFE41FFF3CF9F5FF74F92C" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFFE41FFF3CF9F5FD56F9E6" blockId="25.[132,776,1571,1621]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">
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<typeStatus id="549C886EFFFFE41FFF3CF9F5FF34F98A" box="[132,181,1571,1594]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">TYPE</typeStatus>
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. — Sables de Cuise, (biozone NP12), see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFFE41FFD06F9F5FE89F9E6" author="GELY J. - P. &amp; LORENZ C." pageId="25" pageNumber="518" pagination="713 - 747" refId="ref44561" refString="GELY J. - P. &amp; LORENZ C. 1991. - Analyse sequentielle de l'Eocene et de l'Oligocene du Bassin parisien (France). Revue de l'institut francais du petrole 46 (6): 713 - 747." type="journal article" year="1991">Gély &amp; Lorenz (1991</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 1), early Eocene (Ypresian, lower Cuisian).
</paragraph>
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<typeStatus id="549C886EFFFFE41FFF3CF9BBFF34F930" box="[132,181,1645,1668]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">TYPE</typeStatus>
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. —
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFFFE41FFEF2F9BBFE0FF937" box="[330,398,1645,1668]" name="France" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">France</collectingCountry>
, Paris Basin, Oise, Trosly-Breuil (Fond Couturier).
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<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFFE41FFF3CF961FD19F97C" box="[132,664,1719,1743]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFFE41FFF3CF961FD19F97C" blockId="25.[132,664,1719,1743]" box="[132,664,1719,1743]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">
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. — Only known from the
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locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFFE41CFF3CF924FF77F858" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="519" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" type="description">
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFFE41FFF3CF8C4FAA9FCE3" blockId="25.[131,776,1778,2028]" lastBlockId="25.[811,1458,215,848]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">
Unknow protoconch. Teleoconch up to
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in height, up to
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in width, biconic in profile, composed of five whorls. Moderately high spire. Last whorl 74% of total length. Apical angle 74° including spines, 66° excluding spines. Spiral sculpture with fine, narrow, well developed primary cords. First whorl, no spiral sculpture. Second whorl, appearance of weak P1 and P2. Third whorl, P1 and P2 well marked, appearance of s1. Fourth whorl, appearance of threads on infrasutural ramp. Fifth whorl: P1 to P6, s1 to s3; primary and secondary cords almost same relief; ADP to ABP on siphonal canal. On first whorl, nine protovarices. On second whorl, appearance of varices with two intervarices intercalated. On third whorl: three varices and three intervarices intercalated. From fourth to fifth whorl, three varices and two or three intervarices intercalated. Intevarices low. Higher relief of the intervarices on P2. Varices sublamellose on early whorls, rather thick on last whorls. Appearance of short P1 spine on second whorl. On last whorl, short P1 spine oriented adapically; no other cord spines. Ovate aperture up to 34% of diameter and up to 68% of length of last whorl (including the siphonal canal). Columellar lip smooth, narrow, slightly erect anteriorly, forming flat curved inductura at base. Parietal lip adherent. Outer lip with well developed denticles including ID, D1 to D3 (D4-D5 probably not formed); all denticles simple. Siphonal canal open, slightly dorsally recurved, up to 43% of apertural length. Pseudoumbilicus narrow.
</paragraph>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFFE41FFC95FC43FB13FA5E" blockId="25.[811,1458,885,1517]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">
This shell represents the oldest known
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFB64FC43FAC6FC1C" box="[1244,1351,917,943]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFB64FC43FAC6FC1C" box="[1244,1351,917,943]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Timbellus</emphasis>
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from the Paris Basin, as no
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFBBAFC63FBECFC7C" box="[1026,1133,949,975]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFBBAFC63FBECFC7C" box="[1026,1133,949,975]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Timbellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been recorded from the Early Cuisian (biozone NP12, Ypresian) despite intensive fieldwork. It is easily distinguishable from the middle Eocene Paris Basin
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFB85FBC2FB2BFB9D" box="[1085,1194,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Timbellus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFAACFBC3FC78FBFD" authority="(Lamarck, 1822)" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1822" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tripteroides">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFAACFBC3FA2EFB9D" box="[1300,1455,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. tripteroides</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFFE41FFC8CFBE2FC6EFBFD" author="LAMARCK J. - B." box="[820,1007,1076,1102]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" refId="ref45696" refString="LAMARCK J. - B. 1822. - Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertebres presentant les caracteres generaux et particuliers de ces animaux, leur distribution, leurs classes, leurs familles, leurs genres, et la citation des principales especes qui s'y rapportent et Supplement a divers types de gasteropodes et de Trachelipodes comprenant l'indication des coquilles fossiles qui ne furent point citees dans leurs genres respectifs. Tome 7. Lamarck, Paris, 711 p." type="book" year="1822">Lamarck, 1822</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFBB0FBE3FCF2FBDD" authority="(Lamarck, 1803)" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="crenulatus" subSpecies="tricarinatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFBB0FBE3FAACFBFD" box="[1032,1325,1076,1102]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. crenulatus tricarinatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFFE41FFA87FBE2FCEBFBDD" author="LAMARCK J. - B." pageId="25" pageNumber="518" pagination="217 - 227" refId="ref45566" refString="LAMARCK J. - B. 1803. - Memoires sur les fossiles des environs de Paris (suite 1). Annales du Museum d'Histoire naturelle 2 (9): 217 - 227." type="journal article" year="1803">Lamarck, 1803</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFCC7FB83FB67FBDC" authority="(Deshayes, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[895,1254,1108,1135]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micropterus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFCC7FB83FB9AFBDD" box="[895,1051,1109,1134]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. micropterus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFFE41FFB92FB82FB5EFBDC" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[1066,1247,1108,1135]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" pagination="79 - 106" refId="ref43930" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1835. - Description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris. Tome 2. Livraisons 40 - 45, l'auteur, Bechet Jeune, Baudouin freres, Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris: 499 - 780; Atlas 2, Levrault, Paris: pl. 79 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 52303" type="book chapter" year="1835">Deshayes, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFA99FB83FB07FB3D" authority="Pacaud, Ledon &amp; Goret, 2017" authorityName="Pacaud, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2017" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="capitaneus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFA99FB83FA31FBDD" box="[1313,1456,1109,1134]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. capitaneus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFFE41FFC95FBA2FB07FB3D" author="PACAUD J. - M. &amp; LEDON D. &amp; GORET B." box="[813,1158,1140,1166]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" pagination="58 - 61" refId="ref48127" refString="PACAUD J. - M., LEDON D. &amp; GORET B. 2017. - Timbellus capitaneus n. sp., une espece nouvelle de Muricidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) du Lutetien (Eocene moyen) du bassin de Paris. Fossiles. Revue francaise de paleontologie 32: 58 - 61." type="journal article" year="2017">Pacaud, Ledon &amp; Goret, 2017</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Juveniles of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFAA2FBA3FA2EFB3D" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[1306,1455,1140,1166]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tripteroides">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFAA2FBA3FA2EFB3D" box="[1306,1455,1140,1166]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. tripteroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFCD9FB43FC75FB1D" authorityName="Pacaud, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2017" box="[865,1012,1173,1198]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="capitaneus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFCD9FB43FC75FB1D" box="[865,1012,1173,1198]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. capitaneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have weak spiral sculpture;
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFAFAFB42FB99FB7D" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="crenulatus" subSpecies="tricarinatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFAFAFB42FB99FB7D" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Timbellus crenulatus tricarinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lacks internal denticles, and juveniles of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFCF4FB02FC68FB5E" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[844,1001,1236,1261]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micropterus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFCF4FB02FC68FB5E" box="[844,1001,1236,1261]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. micropterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have coarser spiral sculpture.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFAFEFB02FCD0FABE" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sixi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFAFEFB02FCD0FABE" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Timbellus sixi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFFFE41FFCE2FB22FC19FABD" box="[858,920,1268,1294]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles juveniles of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFB18FB22FA8CFABE" box="[1184,1293,1268,1293]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="magnei">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFB18FB22FA8CFABE" box="[1184,1293,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. magnei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
n. name from Bos d’Arros and Gan (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFFE41FFB8AFAC5FB3EFA9D" box="[1074,1215,1299,1326]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[132,143,1467,1484]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-413@24.[698,1267,772,1332]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 12. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus magnei n. name (A-F) and T. palensis (Magne, 1941) (G-I): A, neotype, BMNH 69802 (Seaman coll.), Bos d’Arros,Pyrénées-Atlantiques,Aquitaine Basin, France,early Eocene (Ypresian);B, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen and protoconch,Gan (Tuilerie),Pyrénées-Atlantiques,early Eocene (Ypresian);C, D, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen,Gan (Tuilerie);E, F, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); G, MNHN.F.A90553 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie); H, I, MNHN.F.A32509 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie). Scale bars: A, G, 5 mm; B, 2 mm; C-F, H, I, 10 mm. Credits: A, D. Serrette (MNHN); B, L. Cazes; E-I, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985786" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985786/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Fig. 12C, D</figureCitation>
) in sharing a similar shape of its cords (fine, narrow, but well marked) and by having flat intervarices between the varices. However,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFA23FA82FCD0FA3E" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sixi" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFA23FA82FCD0FA3E" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. sixi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFFFE41FFCE3FAA2FC1AFA3D" box="[859,923,1396,1422]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFB8FFAA2FB24FA3E" box="[1079,1189,1396,1421]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="magnei">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFB8FFAA2FB24FA3E" box="[1079,1189,1396,1421]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. magnei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
n. name in having less foliated varices, having less numerous intervarices (usually 2-3 instead
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFC43FA62FBE7FA7E" box="[1019,1126,1460,1485]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="magnei">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFC43FA62FBE7FA7E" box="[1019,1126,1460,1485]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. magnei</emphasis>
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n. name), and by having MP and ABP on the siphonal canal.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFFE41FFC95F9C5FAEDF99E" blockId="25.[811,1455,1555,2028]" box="[813,1388,1555,1581]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFFE41FFC65F9CEFC7BF998" baselines="1574" box="[989,1018,1560,1579]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="lower" normString="of" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">OF</smallCapsWord>
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFBB9F9C5FAEDF99E" authority="(RODING, 1798)" baseAuthorityName="Roding" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[1025,1388,1555,1581]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crenulatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFBB9F9C5FB9AF99F" box="[1025,1051,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T.</emphasis>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFFE41FFB9BF9CEFB2AF998" baselines="1574" box="[1059,1195,1560,1579]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="lower" normString="crenulatus" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFB9BF9CEFB2AF998" box="[1059,1195,1560,1579]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">CRENULATUS</emphasis>
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(
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, 1798)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFFE41CFC95F9E5FF77F858" blockId="25.[811,1455,1555,2028]" lastBlockId="26.[131,776,1523,2027]" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="519" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">
In this species group, the last whorl is generally broader than in the species group of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFBE4F985FB73F9DF" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[1116,1266,1618,1645]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tripteroides">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFBE4F985FBEFF9DF" box="[1116,1134,1619,1644]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFBC4F984FB73F9DF" box="[1148,1266,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">tripteroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the shoulder spine (P1) is more strongly developed. The spiral sculpture corresponds to fine primary cords, as in the
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFAAEF945FA2EF91F" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[1302,1455,1682,1709]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tripteroides">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFAAEF945FAA9F91F" box="[1302,1320,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFA8FF944FA2EF91F" box="[1335,1455,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">tripteroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group.Two species have an acute open shoulder spine, similar to that seen in the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFB1FF904FCE7F8BF" authority="Jousseaume, 1880" authorityName="Jousseaume" authorityYear="1880" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterochelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFB1FF904FA9FF95F" box="[1191,1310,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Pterochelus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFFE41FFA9EF904FCE7F8BF" author="JOUSSEAUME F. P." pageId="25" pageNumber="518" pagination="335 - 338" refId="ref45378" refString="JOUSSEAUME F. P. 1880. - Division methodique de la famille des Purpurides. Le Naturaliste 2 (42): 335 - 338. http: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 33928744" type="journal article" year="1880">Jousseaume, 1880</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: the Eocene species
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFBFAF925FA01F8BF" authority="(Roding, 1798)" baseAuthorityName="Roding" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[1090,1408,1778,1804]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crenulatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFBFAF925FBD5F8BF" box="[1090,1108,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFBDBF924FB4EF8BF" box="[1123,1231,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">crenulatus</emphasis>
(Röding, 1798)
</taxonomicName>
and the Miocene species
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFBAAF8C4FCF3F8FF" authority="(Cossmann &amp; Peyrot, 1924)" baseAuthorityName="Cossmann &amp; Peyrot" baseAuthorityYear="1924" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="valdintortus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFBAAF8C4FBA5F898" box="[1042,1060,1810,1835]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFB8BF8C4FB34F89F" box="[1075,1205,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">valdintortus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFFE41FFB7CF8C4FCEBF8FF" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; PEYROT A." pageId="25" pageNumber="518" pagination="71 - 144" refId="ref43770" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; PEYROT A. 1924. - Conchologie neogenique de l'Aquitaine (Species n ° 707 - 762). Actes de la Societe linneenne de Bordeaux 75 (2): 71 - 144." type="journal article" year="1924">Cossmann &amp; Peyrot, 1924</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. In the
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFC7AF8E4FBCBF8F8" baseAuthorityName="Roding" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[962,1098,1841,1867]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crenulatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFC7AF8E4FBCBF8F8" box="[962,1098,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. crenulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group the rounded aperture bears poorly developed denticles or lirae within the outer lip, except in the oldest known member (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFA85F8A4FA2FF838" box="[1341,1454,1905,1932]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="palensis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFA85F8A4FACEF838" box="[1341,1359,1906,1931]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFAE5F8A7FA2FF838" box="[1373,1454,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">palensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFFE41FFC8BF844FC4EF818" author="MAGNE A." box="[819,975,1937,1964]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" pagination="28 - 36" refId="ref46270" refString="MAGNE A. 1941. - Sur quelques especes nouvelles ou interessantes provenant du Calcaire a Asteries de la Souys. Proces-verbaux de la Societe linneenne de Bordeaux 91: 28 - 36." type="journal article" year="1941">Magne, 1941</bibRefCitation>
]) from the early Eocene of
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFFFE41FFB45F847FAEAF818" box="[1277,1387,1937,1963]" country="France" name="Aquitaine" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Aquitaine</collectingRegion>
Basin of Gan (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFFE41FFC29F867FC62F878" box="[913,995,1969,1995]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[132,143,1467,1484]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-413@24.[698,1267,772,1332]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 12. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus magnei n. name (A-F) and T. palensis (Magne, 1941) (G-I): A, neotype, BMNH 69802 (Seaman coll.), Bos d’Arros,Pyrénées-Atlantiques,Aquitaine Basin, France,early Eocene (Ypresian);B, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen and protoconch,Gan (Tuilerie),Pyrénées-Atlantiques,early Eocene (Ypresian);C, D, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen,Gan (Tuilerie);E, F, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); G, MNHN.F.A90553 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie); H, I, MNHN.F.A32509 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie). Scale bars: A, G, 5 mm; B, 2 mm; C-F, H, I, 10 mm. Credits: A, D. Serrette (MNHN); B, L. Cazes; E-I, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985786" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985786/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
G-I). However, according
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFFE41FFAAFF867FC73F858" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; O'GORMAN G." pageId="25" pageNumber="518" refId="ref43730" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; O'GORMAN G. 1923. - Description des mollusques, in O'GORMAN G. (ed.), Le gisement cuisien de Gan (Basses Pyrenees). Cossmann, Pau, 188 p." type="book" year="1923">Cossmann &amp; O’Gorman (1923)</bibRefCitation>
, the short shape and the rounded aperture of shells of this species resemble more closely
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFCE41CFDC4FA25FE40F99E" authority="(Lamarck, 1803)" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="crenulatus" subSpecies="tricarinatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFCE41CFDC4FA25FE80F99F" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">T. crenulatus tricarinatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFCE41CFEB6F9C4FE39F99E" author="LAMARCK J. - B." box="[270,440,1554,1581]" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" pagination="217 - 227" refId="ref45566" refString="LAMARCK J. - B. 1803. - Memoires sur les fossiles des environs de Paris (suite 1). Annales du Museum d'Histoire naturelle 2 (9): 217 - 227." type="journal article" year="1803">Lamarck, 1803</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
than
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFCE41CFE46F9C5FD10F99F" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[510,657,1554,1580]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tripteroides">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFCE41CFE46F9C5FD10F99F" box="[510,657,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">T. tripteroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Probably, the presence of internal denticles in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFCE41CFD98F9E5FD11F9FF" box="[544,656,1586,1612]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="palensis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFCE41CFD98F9E5FD11F9FF" box="[544,656,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">T. palensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
represents a plesiomorphic character state and its loss in younger species of this group (e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFCE41CFE07F9A5FD57F93F" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[447,726,1650,1676]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="crenulatus" subSpecies="tricarinatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFCE41CFE07F9A5FD57F93F" box="[447,726,1650,1676]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">T. crenulatus tricarinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFCE41CFF3FF945FE00F91F" baseAuthorityName="Roding" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[135,385,1682,1708]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="crenulatus" subSpecies="crenulatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFCE41CFF3FF945FE00F91F" box="[135,385,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">T. crenulatus crenulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) represents a derived state. For this group, we describe a new species:
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFCE41CFE42F965FD06F97F" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[506,647,1715,1740]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="curvispina" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFCE41CFE42F965FD06F97F" box="[506,647,1715,1740]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">T. curvispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFFCE41CFD36F965FD4BF97E" box="[654,714,1715,1741]" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from the Lutetian of the Paris Basin. As for
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFCE41CFD86F905FD52F95F" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[574,723,1746,1772]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tripteroides">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFCE41CFD86F905FD52F95F" box="[574,723,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">T. tripteroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the type material of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFCE41CFE84F925FD38F8BF" authority="Lamarck, 1803" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1803" box="[316,697,1778,1804]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tricarinatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFCE41CFE84F925FD86F8BF" box="[316,519,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">Murex tricarinatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFCE41CFDB6F924FD38F8BF" author="LAMARCK J. - B." box="[526,697,1778,1804]" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" pagination="217 - 227" refId="ref45566" refString="LAMARCK J. - B. 1803. - Memoires sur les fossiles des environs de Paris (suite 1). Annales du Museum d'Histoire naturelle 2 (9): 217 - 227." type="journal article" year="1803">Lamarck, 1803</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is lost, as it is also missing in the collections of Geneva and Paris. In order to avoid future taxonomic mistakes, we designate a
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFFCE41CFF20F884FF70F8DF" box="[152,241,1874,1900]" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
herein (MNHN.F.A90547,
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFCE41CFD80F887FD3FF8DF" box="[568,702,1873,1900]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[132,143,1378,1395]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1334]" captionTargetId="figure-411@26.[698,1267,213,775]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 14. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus crenulatus tricarinatus (Lamarck, 1803) (A-C) and T. curvispina n. sp. (D-H): A, original figure of Lamarck (1816: pl. 418, fig. 5a), Thiverval-Grignon, Yvelines, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); B, C, neotype designated herein, MNHN.F.A90547 (MNHN coll.), Thiverval-Grignon (Falunière); D, paratype, MNHN.F.A73848 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin (Bois-du-But), Eure, Paris Basin, France,middle Eocene (Lutetian); E, F, holotype, MNHN.F.A90541 (MNHN coll.), Parnes, Oise, middle Eocene (Lutetian);G, H, paratype,MNHN.F.A90543 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin. Scale bars: B-H, 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985794/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">Fig. 14B, C</figureCitation>
) from the original type locality of Grignon (precisely Falunière of Grignon; Calcaire à Orbitolites complanatus Formation, biozone NP15, see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFCE41CFEDCF867FDDBF878" author="GELY J. - P. &amp; LORENZ C." box="[356,602,1969,1996]" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" pagination="713 - 747" refId="ref44561" refString="GELY J. - P. &amp; LORENZ C. 1991. - Analyse sequentielle de l'Eocene et de l'Oligocene du Bassin parisien (France). Revue de l'institut francais du petrole 46 (6): 713 - 747." type="journal article" year="1991">Gély &amp; Lorenz [1991</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 1], middle Lutetian).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>