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<document ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542" ID-GBIF-Dataset="57ea6fdb-2533-44e5-b60b-736758a88d19" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3922206" ID-ZooBank="2C6327E1-5560-4DB4-B9CA-76A0FA03D975" checkinTime="1593218702860" checkinUser="admin" docAuthor="Linnaeus, Carolus" docDate="1758" docId="C93E6F0644B71037B1AE61718FE92C65" docLanguage="de" docName="Linnaeus1758Treatments.xml" docOrigin="Stockholm: Laurentius Salvius" docSource="https://archive.org/download/mobot31753000798865/mobot31753000798865.pdf" docTitle="Meloe proscarabaeus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="086BCECA-9F62-4D3F-92C6-1F6A660C5EB1" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="419" masterDocId="3F896AFC21C459639D0D71D9EDB8875C" masterDocTitle="Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis" pageNumber="419" updateTime="1643600433100" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Linnaeus, Carolus</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:originInfo>
<mods:dateIssued>1758</mods:dateIssued>
<mods:publisher>Laurentius Salvius</mods:publisher>
<mods:place>
<mods:placeTerm>Stockholm</mods:placeTerm>
</mods:place>
</mods:originInfo>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>https://archive.org/download/mobot31753000798865/mobot31753000798865.pdf</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>book</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">2C6327E1-5560-4DB4-B9CA-76A0FA03D975</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3922206</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3922409" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164810990" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3922409" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:086BCECA-9F62-4D3F-92C6-1F6A660C5EB1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C93E6F0644B71037B1AE61718FE92C65" lastPageNumber="419" pageNumber="419" sourcePageUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/727330">
<subSubSection type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageNumber="419">
<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:086BCECA-9F62-4D3F-92C6-1F6A660C5EB1" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Meloidae" genus="Meloe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="proscarabaeus" status="spec. nov." zbkClass="Insecta" zbkKingdom="Animalia" zbkOrder="Coleoptera">Meloe proscarabaeus</taxonomicName>
[
<taxonomicNameLabel rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection type="description">
<paragraph pageNumber="419">M. apterus, corpore violaceo.</paragraph>
<emphasis italics="true">Fn. svec.</emphasis>
596.
<emphasis italics="true">Mouff. ins.</emphasis>
162.
<emphasis italics="true">f. med.</emphasis>
<emphasis italics="true">Jonst. ins. t.</emphasis>
15.
<emphasis italics="true">Goed. ins.</emphasis>
2.
<emphasis italics="true">t.</emphasis>
42.
<emphasis italics="true">Frisch. ins.</emphasis>
6.
<emphasis italics="true">t.</emphasis>
6.
<emphasis italics="true">f.</emphasis>
5.
<emphasis italics="true">Lit. goed. f.</emphasis>
120.
<paragraph pageNumber="419">
<emphasis italics="true">Clut. hemerob.</emphasis>
81. 73. Vermis majalis.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection type="distribution">
<paragraph pageNumber="419">
<emphasis italics="true">Habitat in apricis campis, edit</emphasis>
Ranunculos, Veratrum;
<emphasis italics="true">vernalis.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.745.23685" ID-PMC="PMC5904534" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-745-101" ID-Pensoft-UUID="047DFFCAFFA5F32EA97C873F4708943F" ID-PubMed="29670449" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1222435" ID-ZooBank="8785DC6BC2A244FD94B6243EB07C717F" ModsDocID="1313-2970-745-101" checkinTime="1521799180220" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Moore, Matthew R., Cave, Ronald D. &amp; Branham, Marc A." docDate="2018" docId="C93E77255EB254BBA8B932C429CB6B33" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 745: 101-378" docOrigin="ZooKeys 745" docPubDate="2018-03-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.745.23685" docTitle="Cyclocephala Dejean 1821" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="047DFFCAFFA5F32EA97C873F4708943F" lastPageNumber="131" masterDocId="047DFFCAFFA5F32EA97C873F4708943F" masterDocTitle="Annotated catalog and bibliography of the cyclocephaline scarab beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae, Cyclocephalini)" masterLastPageNumber="378" masterPageNumber="101" pageNumber="131" updateTime="1668165599527" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Annotated catalog and bibliography of the cyclocephaline scarab beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae, Cyclocephalini)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Moore, Matthew R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Building 1881 Natural Area Drive, Steinmetz Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">cyclocephala@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Cave, Ronald D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Indian River Research and Education Center, 2199 South Rock Road, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Branham, Marc A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Building 1881 Natural Area Drive, Steinmetz Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2018-03-22</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>745</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>101</mods:start>
<mods:end>378</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.745.23685</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.745.23685</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-745-101</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">8785DC6BC2A244FD94B6243EB07C717F</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">047DFFCAFFA5F32EA97C873F4708943F</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1222435</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="142479988" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C93E77255EB254BBA8B932C429CB6B33" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C93E77255EB254BBA8B932C429CB6B33" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="131" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="131" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
Genus
<taxonomicName LSID="C93E7725-5EB2-54BB-A8B9-32C429CB6B33" authority="Dejean, 1821" authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyclocephala Dejean, 1821</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="131" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyclocephala</taxonomicName>
Dejean, 1821: 57 [original useage].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">syn.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Aclinidia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aclinidia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" rank="genus">Aclinidia</taxonomicName>
Casey, 1915: 113 [original usage]. Type species:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Melolontha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melolontha castanea" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanea">Melolontha castanea</taxonomicName>
Olivier, by original designation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala (Aclinidia)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Aclinidia">Cyclocephala (Aclinidia)</taxonomicName>
Casey [new subgenus status by
<bibRefCitation author="Arrow, GJ" pageId="164" pageNumber="265" refId="B51" refString="Arrow, GJ, 1937b. Pars 156: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. In: Schenkling S (Ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Volumen XXI. Scarabaeidae III. W Junk, Berlin, 1-124." title="Pars 156: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. In: Schenkling S (Ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Volumen XXI. Scarabaeidae III. W Junk, Berlin, 1 - 124." year="1937 b">Arrow 1937b</bibRefCitation>
: 8].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyclocephala</taxonomicName>
Dejean [synonymy by
<bibRefCitation author="Endrodi, S" pageId="177" pageNumber="278" refId="B301" refString="Endrodi, S, 1966. Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1-460." title="Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1 - 460." year="1966">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Endrődi">Endrodi</normalizedToken>
1966
</bibRefCitation>
: 34].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">syn.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bolivar y Pieltain, Jimenez-Asua &amp; Martinez" authorityYear="1963" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Albridarollia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Albridarollia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Albridarollia</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bolívar">Bolivar</normalizedToken>
y Pieltain,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jiménez-Asúa">Jimenez-Asua</normalizedToken>
, &amp;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
, 1963: 182 [original usage]. Type species:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Albridarollia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Albridarollia ocellata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ocellata">Albridarollia ocellata</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bolívar">Bolivar</normalizedToken>
y Pieltain,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jiménez-Asúa">Jimenez-Asua</normalizedToken>
, &amp;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
, by original designation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyclocephala</taxonomicName>
Dejean [synonymy by
<bibRefCitation author="Endrodi, S" pageId="177" pageNumber="278" refId="B301" refString="Endrodi, S, 1966. Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1-460." title="Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1 - 460." year="1966">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Endrődi">Endrodi</normalizedToken>
1966
</bibRefCitation>
: 34].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">syn.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Prell" authorityYear="1936" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Aspidolella" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aspidolella" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" rank="genus">Aspidolella</taxonomicName>
Prell, 1936: 374 [original usage]. Proposed as a subgenus, replacement name for the
<taxonomicName authority="Aspidolites" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Aspidolella" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aspidolella (Aspidolites) subsp. subgenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Aspidolites">Aspidolella subgenus Aspidolites</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Höhne">Hoehne</normalizedToken>
. Type species:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Aspidolea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aspidolea (Aspidolites) atricollis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atricollis" subGenus="Aspidolites">Aspidolea (Aspidolites) atricollis</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Höhne">Hoehne</normalizedToken>
, by monotypy.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyclocephala</taxonomicName>
Dejean [synonymy by
<bibRefCitation author="Endrodi, S" pageId="177" pageNumber="278" refId="B301" refString="Endrodi, S, 1966. Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1-460." title="Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1 - 460." year="1966">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Endrődi">Endrodi</normalizedToken>
1966
</bibRefCitation>
: 61].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">syn.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Diapatalia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diapatalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" rank="genus">Diapatalia</taxonomicName>
Casey, 1915: 111 [original usage]. Type species:
<taxonomicName authorityName="Arrow" authorityYear="1902" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala discicollis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discicollis">Cyclocephala discicollis</taxonomicName>
Arrow, by original designation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala (Diapatalia)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Diapatalia">Cyclocephala (Diapatalia)</taxonomicName>
Casey [new subgenus status by
<bibRefCitation author="Arrow, GJ" pageId="164" pageNumber="265" refId="B51" refString="Arrow, GJ, 1937b. Pars 156: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. In: Schenkling S (Ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Volumen XXI. Scarabaeidae III. W Junk, Berlin, 1-124." title="Pars 156: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. In: Schenkling S (Ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Volumen XXI. Scarabaeidae III. W Junk, Berlin, 1 - 124." year="1937 b">Arrow 1937b</bibRefCitation>
: 8].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyclocephala</taxonomicName>
Dejean [synonymy by
<bibRefCitation author="Endrodi, S" pageId="177" pageNumber="278" refId="B301" refString="Endrodi, S, 1966. Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1-460." title="Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1 - 460." year="1966">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Endrődi">Endrodi</normalizedToken>
1966
</bibRefCitation>
: 33].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">syn.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichromina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dichromina" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dichromina</taxonomicName>
Casey, 1915: 112 [original usage]. Type species:
<taxonomicName authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1847" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala dimidiata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimidiata">Cyclocephala dimidiata</taxonomicName>
Burmeister, by original designation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala (Dichromina)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Dichromina">Cyclocephala (Dichromina)</taxonomicName>
Casey [new subgenus status by
<bibRefCitation author="Arrow, GJ" pageId="164" pageNumber="265" refId="B51" refString="Arrow, GJ, 1937b. Pars 156: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. In: Schenkling S (Ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Volumen XXI. Scarabaeidae III. W Junk, Berlin, 1-124." title="Pars 156: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. In: Schenkling S (Ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Volumen XXI. Scarabaeidae III. W Junk, Berlin, 1 - 124." year="1937 b">Arrow 1937b</bibRefCitation>
: 8].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyclocephala</taxonomicName>
Dejean [synonymy by
<bibRefCitation author="Saylor, LW" pageId="223" pageNumber="324" refId="B1064" refString="Saylor, LW, 1945. Synoptic revision of the United States scarab beetles of the subfamily Dynastinae, No. 1: Tribe Cyclocephalini. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 35: 378-386." title="Synoptic revision of the United States scarab beetles of the subfamily Dynastinae, No. 1: Tribe Cyclocephalini. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 35: 378 - 386." year="1945">Saylor 1945</bibRefCitation>
: 380].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">syn.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Graphalia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Graphalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" rank="genus">Graphalia</taxonomicName>
Casey, 1915: 159 [original usage]. Proposed as a subgenus of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Ochrosidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ochrosidia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ochrosidia</taxonomicName>
. Type species: not yet designated.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala (Graphalia)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Graphalia">Cyclocephala (Graphalia)</taxonomicName>
Casey [new subgenus classification by
<bibRefCitation author="Arrow, GJ" pageId="164" pageNumber="265" refId="B51" refString="Arrow, GJ, 1937b. Pars 156: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. In: Schenkling S (Ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Volumen XXI. Scarabaeidae III. W Junk, Berlin, 1-124." title="Pars 156: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. In: Schenkling S (Ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Volumen XXI. Scarabaeidae III. W Junk, Berlin, 1 - 124." year="1937 b">Arrow 1937b</bibRefCitation>
: 8].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyclocephala</taxonomicName>
Dejean [synonymy by
<bibRefCitation author="Endrodi, S" pageId="177" pageNumber="278" refId="B301" refString="Endrodi, S, 1966. Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1-460." title="Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1 - 460." year="1966">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Endrődi">Endrodi</normalizedToken>
1966
</bibRefCitation>
: 34].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">syn.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Halotosia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Halotosia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" rank="genus">Halotosia</taxonomicName>
Casey, 1915: 113 [original usage]. Type species:
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala fasciolata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciolata">Cyclocephala fasciolata</taxonomicName>
Bates, by original designation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala (Halotosia)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Halotosia">Cyclocephala (Halotosia)</taxonomicName>
Casey [new subgenus status by
<bibRefCitation author="Arrow, GJ" pageId="164" pageNumber="265" refId="B51" refString="Arrow, GJ, 1937b. Pars 156: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. In: Schenkling S (Ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Volumen XXI. Scarabaeidae III. W Junk, Berlin, 1-124." title="Pars 156: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. In: Schenkling S (Ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Volumen XXI. Scarabaeidae III. W Junk, Berlin, 1 - 124." year="1937 b">Arrow 1937b</bibRefCitation>
: 8].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyclocephala</taxonomicName>
Dejean [synonymy by
<bibRefCitation author="Endrodi, S" pageId="177" pageNumber="278" refId="B301" refString="Endrodi, S, 1966. Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1-460." title="Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1 - 460." year="1966">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Endrődi">Endrodi</normalizedToken>
1966
</bibRefCitation>
: 62].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">syn.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Homochromina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Homochromina" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Homochromina</taxonomicName>
Casey, 1915: 111 [original usage]. Type species:
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Homochromina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Homochromina divisa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="divisa">Homochromina divisa</taxonomicName>
Casey, by original designation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala (Homochromina)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Homochromina">Cyclocephala (Homochromina)</taxonomicName>
Casey [new subgenus status by
<bibRefCitation author="Arrow, GJ" pageId="164" pageNumber="265" refId="B51" refString="Arrow, GJ, 1937b. Pars 156: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. In: Schenkling S (Ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Volumen XXI. Scarabaeidae III. W Junk, Berlin, 1-124." title="Pars 156: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. In: Schenkling S (Ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Volumen XXI. Scarabaeidae III. W Junk, Berlin, 1 - 124." year="1937 b">Arrow 1937b</bibRefCitation>
: 8].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyclocephala</taxonomicName>
Dejean [synonymy by
<bibRefCitation author="Endrodi, S" pageId="177" pageNumber="278" refId="B301" refString="Endrodi, S, 1966. Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1-460." title="Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1 - 460." year="1966">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Endrődi">Endrodi</normalizedToken>
1966
</bibRefCitation>
: 34].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">syn.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Isocoryna" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Isocoryna" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" rank="genus">Isocoryna</taxonomicName>
Casey, 1915: 136 [original usage]. Proposed as a subgenus. Type species:
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala (Isocoryna) jalapensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jalapensis" subGenus="Isocoryna">Cyclocephala (Isocoryna) jalapensis</taxonomicName>
Casey, by monotypy.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyclocephala</taxonomicName>
Dejean [synonymy by
<bibRefCitation author="Endrodi, S" pageId="177" pageNumber="278" refId="B301" refString="Endrodi, S, 1966. Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1-460." title="Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1 - 460." year="1966">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Endrődi">Endrodi</normalizedToken>
1966
</bibRefCitation>
: 62].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">syn.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Mimeoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mimeoma" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mimeoma</taxonomicName>
Casey, 1915: 111 [original usage]. Type species:
<taxonomicName authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1847" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala maculata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculata">Cyclocephala maculata</taxonomicName>
Burmeister, by original designation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyclocephala</taxonomicName>
Dejean [synonymy by
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12139" author="Moore, MR" pageId="208" pageNumber="309" refId="B795" refString="Moore, MR, Beza-Beza, CF, Wickell, DA, Beck, JB, Jameson, ML, 2015. Molecules, morphology and Mimeoma scarabs: evolutionary and taxonomic implications for a palm-associated scarab group. Systematic Entomology 40: 891-900. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12139" title="Molecules, morphology and Mimeoma scarabs: evolutionary and taxonomic implications for a palm-associated scarab group. Systematic Entomology 40: 891 - 900." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12139" year="2015">Moore et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
: 898].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">syn.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Mononidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mononidia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mononidia</taxonomicName>
Casey, 1915: 110 [original usage]. Type species:
<taxonomicName authorityName="Arrow" authorityYear="1911" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala carbonaria" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carbonaria">Cyclocephala carbonaria</taxonomicName>
Arrow, by original designation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala (Mononidia)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Mononidia">Cyclocephala (Mononidia)</taxonomicName>
Casey [new subgenus status by
<bibRefCitation author="Arrow, GJ" pageId="164" pageNumber="265" refId="B51" refString="Arrow, GJ, 1937b. Pars 156: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. In: Schenkling S (Ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Volumen XXI. Scarabaeidae III. W Junk, Berlin, 1-124." title="Pars 156: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. In: Schenkling S (Ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Volumen XXI. Scarabaeidae III. W Junk, Berlin, 1 - 124." year="1937 b">Arrow 1937b</bibRefCitation>
: 8].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyclocephala</taxonomicName>
Dejean [synonymy by
<bibRefCitation author="Endrodi, S" pageId="177" pageNumber="278" refId="B301" refString="Endrodi, S, 1966. Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1-460." title="Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1 - 460." year="1966">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Endrődi">Endrodi</normalizedToken>
1966
</bibRefCitation>
: 33].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">syn.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Ochrosidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ochrosidia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ochrosidia</taxonomicName>
Casey, 1915: 112 [original usage]. Type species:
<taxonomicName authorityName="Olivier" authorityYear="1789" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Melolontha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melolontha immaculata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="immaculata">Melolontha immaculata</taxonomicName>
Olivier, by original designation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala (Ochrosidia)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Ochrosidia">Cyclocephala (Ochrosidia)</taxonomicName>
Casey [new subgenus status by
<bibRefCitation author="Arrow, GJ" pageId="164" pageNumber="265" refId="B51" refString="Arrow, GJ, 1937b. Pars 156: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. In: Schenkling S (Ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Volumen XXI. Scarabaeidae III. W Junk, Berlin, 1-124." title="Pars 156: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. In: Schenkling S (Ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Volumen XXI. Scarabaeidae III. W Junk, Berlin, 1 - 124." year="1937 b">Arrow 1937b</bibRefCitation>
: 8].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyclocephala</taxonomicName>
Dejean [synonymy by
<bibRefCitation author="Saylor, LW" pageId="223" pageNumber="324" refId="B1064" refString="Saylor, LW, 1945. Synoptic revision of the United States scarab beetles of the subfamily Dynastinae, No. 1: Tribe Cyclocephalini. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 35: 378-386." title="Synoptic revision of the United States scarab beetles of the subfamily Dynastinae, No. 1: Tribe Cyclocephalini. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 35: 378 - 386." year="1945">Saylor 1945</bibRefCitation>
: 380].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">syn.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Martinez" authorityYear="1965" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Paraclinidia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraclinidia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" rank="genus">Paraclinidia</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
, 1965b: 13 [original usage]. Proposed as a subgenus. Type species:
<taxonomicName authorityName="Martinez" authorityYear="1965" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala (Paraclinidia) endrodii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="endrodii" subGenus="Paraclinidia">Cyclocephala (Paraclinidia) endrodii</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
, by original designation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyclocephala</taxonomicName>
Dejean [synonymy by
<bibRefCitation author="Endrodi, S" pageId="177" pageNumber="278" refId="B301" refString="Endrodi, S, 1966. Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1-460." title="Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1 - 460." year="1966">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Endrődi">Endrodi</normalizedToken>
1966
</bibRefCitation>
: 34].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">syn.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Plagiosalia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plagiosalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" rank="genus">Plagiosalia</taxonomicName>
Casey, 1915: 135 [original usage]. Proposed as a subgenus. Type species: not yet designated.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyclocephala</taxonomicName>
Dejean [synonymy by
<bibRefCitation author="Endrodi, S" pageId="177" pageNumber="278" refId="B301" refString="Endrodi, S, 1966. Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1-460." title="Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1 - 460." year="1966">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Endrődi">Endrodi</normalizedToken>
1966
</bibRefCitation>
: 62].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">syn.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Spilosota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spilosota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Spilosota</taxonomicName>
Casey, 1915: 112 [original usage]. Type species:
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Spilosota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spilosota nubeculina" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nubeculina">Spilosota nubeculina</taxonomicName>
Casey, by original designation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala (Spilosota)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Spilosota">Cyclocephala (Spilosota)</taxonomicName>
Casey [new subgenus status by
<bibRefCitation author="Arrow, GJ" pageId="164" pageNumber="265" refId="B51" refString="Arrow, GJ, 1937b. Pars 156: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. In: Schenkling S (Ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Volumen XXI. Scarabaeidae III. W Junk, Berlin, 1-124." title="Pars 156: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. In: Schenkling S (Ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Volumen XXI. Scarabaeidae III. W Junk, Berlin, 1 - 124." year="1937 b">Arrow 1937b</bibRefCitation>
: 8].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyclocephala</taxonomicName>
Dejean [synonymy by
<bibRefCitation author="Saylor, LW" pageId="223" pageNumber="324" refId="B1064" refString="Saylor, LW, 1945. Synoptic revision of the United States scarab beetles of the subfamily Dynastinae, No. 1: Tribe Cyclocephalini. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 35: 378-386." title="Synoptic revision of the United States scarab beetles of the subfamily Dynastinae, No. 1: Tribe Cyclocephalini. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 35: 378 - 386." year="1945">Saylor 1945</bibRefCitation>
: 380].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">syn.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Stigmalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stigmalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Stigmalia</taxonomicName>
Casey, 1915: 111 [original usage]. Type species:
<taxonomicName authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1847" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala mafaffa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mafaffa">Cyclocephala mafaffa</taxonomicName>
Burmeister, by original designation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala (Stigmalia)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Stigmalia">Cyclocephala (Stigmalia)</taxonomicName>
Casey [new subgenus status by
<bibRefCitation author="Arrow, GJ" pageId="164" pageNumber="265" refId="B51" refString="Arrow, GJ, 1937b. Pars 156: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. In: Schenkling S (Ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Volumen XXI. Scarabaeidae III. W Junk, Berlin, 1-124." title="Pars 156: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. In: Schenkling S (Ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Volumen XXI. Scarabaeidae III. W Junk, Berlin, 1 - 124." year="1937 b">Arrow 1937b</bibRefCitation>
: 8].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyclocephala</taxonomicName>
Dejean [synonymy by
<bibRefCitation author="Endrodi, S" pageId="177" pageNumber="278" refId="B301" refString="Endrodi, S, 1966. Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1-460." title="Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1 - 460." year="1966">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Endrődi">Endrodi</normalizedToken>
1966
</bibRefCitation>
: 33].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">syn.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Endrodi" authorityYear="1981" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Surutoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Surutoides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Surutoides</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Endrődi">Endrodi</normalizedToken>
, 1981: 198 [original usage]. Type species:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Surutoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Surutoides mirabilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mirabilis">Surutoides mirabilis</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Endrődi">Endrodi</normalizedToken>
, by original designation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyclocephala</taxonomicName>
Dejean [synonymy by
<bibRefCitation author="Dechambre, R-P" pageId="173" pageNumber="274" refId="B234" refString="Dechambre, R-P, 1991a. Note synonymique sur Surutoides mirabilis Endrodi (Col., Dynastindae). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France 96: 282." title="Note synonymique sur Surutoides mirabilis Endrodi (Col., Dynastindae). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France 96: 282." year="1991 a">Dechambre 1991a</bibRefCitation>
: 282].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="131" type="type species">
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Melolontha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melolontha signata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="signata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">Melolontha signata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Fabricius, subsequent designation by
<bibRefCitation author="Casey, TL" pageId="169" pageNumber="270" refId="B158" refString="Casey, TL, 1915. A review of the American species of Rutelinae, Dynastinae and Cetoniinae. Memoirs on the Coleoptera 11: 1-347." title="A review of the American species of Rutelinae, Dynastinae and Cetoniinae. Memoirs on the Coleoptera 11: 1 - 347." year="1915">Casey 1915</bibRefCitation>
: 112.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="131" type="key">
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">Keys.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
<bibRefCitation author="LeConte, JL" pageId="201" pageNumber="302" refId="B676" refString="LeConte, JL, 1863. New species of North American Coleoptera. Prepared for the Smithsonian Institution. Part 1. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 167: 1-86." title="New species of North American Coleoptera. Prepared for the Smithsonian Institution. Part 1. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 167: 1 - 86." year="1863">LeConte 1863</bibRefCitation>
(North America),
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(North America),
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(Canada),
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(Indiana, USA),
<bibRefCitation author="Dawson, RW" pageId="173" pageNumber="274" refId="B226" refString="Dawson, RW, 1922. A synopsis of the Scarbaeidae of Nebraska. University Studies published by the University of Nebraska 22: 163-244." title="A synopsis of the Scarbaeidae of Nebraska. University Studies published by the University of Nebraska 22: 163 - 244." year="1922">Dawson 1922</bibRefCitation>
(Nebraska, USA),
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,
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(larvae, USA),
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(Cuba),
<bibRefCitation author="Saylor, LW" pageId="223" pageNumber="324" refId="B1063" refString="Saylor, LW, 1937. Revision of California Cyclocephala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Journal of Entomology and Zoology 29: 67-70." title="Revision of California Cyclocephala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Journal of Entomology and Zoology 29: 67 - 70." year="1937">Saylor 1937</bibRefCitation>
(California, USA),
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/33.2.377" author="Sanderson, MW" pageId="222" pageNumber="323" refId="B1057" refString="Sanderson, MW, 1940. Arkansas Cyclocephalini with notes on Burmeister types (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 33: 377-384. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/33.2.377" title="Arkansas Cyclocephalini with notes on Burmeister types (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 33: 377 - 384." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/33.2.377" year="1940">Sanderson 1940</bibRefCitation>
(Arkansas, USA),
<bibRefCitation author="Saylor, LW" pageId="223" pageNumber="324" refId="B1064" refString="Saylor, LW, 1945. Synoptic revision of the United States scarab beetles of the subfamily Dynastinae, No. 1: Tribe Cyclocephalini. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 35: 378-386." title="Synoptic revision of the United States scarab beetles of the subfamily Dynastinae, No. 1: Tribe Cyclocephalini. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 35: 378 - 386." year="1945">Saylor 1945</bibRefCitation>
(USA),
<bibRefCitation author="Paulian, R" pageId="212" pageNumber="313" refId="B878" refString="Paulian, R, 1947. Scarabaeoidea. In: Fleutiaux E, Legros C, Lepesme P, Paulian R (Eds) Faune de l'Empire Francais 7. Coleopteres de Antilles, Volume 1. Libraire Larose, Paris, 17-84." title="Scarabaeoidea. In: Fleutiaux E, Legros C, Lepesme P, Paulian R (Eds) Faune de l'Empire Francais 7. Coleopteres de Antilles, Volume 1. Libraire Larose, Paris, 17 - 84." year="1947">Paulian 1947</bibRefCitation>
(French Antilles),
<bibRefCitation author="Arnett, Jr RH" pageId="163" pageNumber="264" refId="B40" refString="Arnett, Jr RH, 1968. The beetles of the United States: A manual for identification. The American Entomological Institute, Ann Arbor, 1112 pp." title="The beetles of the United States: A manual for identification. The American Entomological Institute, Ann Arbor, 1112 pp." year="1968">Arnett 1968</bibRefCitation>
(USA),
<bibRefCitation author="Chalumeau, F" pageId="170" pageNumber="271" refId="B168" refString="Chalumeau, F, Gruner, L, 1977. Scarabaeoidea des Antilles Francaises (Col.). 3 Partie: Dynastinae et Cetoniinae. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 13: 579-612." title="Scarabaeoidea des Antilles Francaises (Col.). 3 Partie: Dynastinae et Cetoniinae. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 13: 579 - 612." year="1977">Chalumeau and Gruner 1977</bibRefCitation>
(French Antilles),
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.279" author="Cartwright, OL" pageId="169" pageNumber="270" refId="B156" refString="Cartwright, OL, Chalumeau, FE, 1978. Bredin-Archbold-Smithsonian biological survey of Dominica. The superfamily Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 279: 1-32. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.279" title="Bredin-Archbold-Smithsonian biological survey of Dominica. The superfamily Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 279: 1 - 32." url="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.279" year="1978">Cartwright and Chalumeau 1978</bibRefCitation>
(Dominica),
<bibRefCitation author="Moron, MA" pageId="208" pageNumber="309" refId="B808" refString="Moron, MA, 1979. Fauna de Coleopteros Lamelicornios de la estacion de biologia, &quot;Los Tuxtlas&quot;, Veracruz, Unam. Mexico. Anales del Instituto de Biologia de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Series Zoologia 50: 375-454." title="Fauna de Coleopteros Lamelicornios de la estacion de biologia, &quot; Los Tuxtlas &quot;, Veracruz, Unam. Mexico. Anales del Instituto de Biologia de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Series Zoologia 50: 375 - 454." year="1979">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Morón">Moron</normalizedToken>
1979
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(Veracruz, Mexico),
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,
<bibRefCitation author="Martinez, A" pageId="205" pageNumber="306" refId="B757" refString="Martinez, A, Moron, MA, 1984. Una nueva especie de Cyclocephala Latreille de Venezuela (Coleoptera; Melolonthidae; Dynastinae). Folia Entomologica Mexicana 62: 47-57." title="Una nueva especie de Cyclocephala Latreille de Venezuela (Coleoptera; Melolonthidae; Dynastinae). Folia Entomologica Mexicana 62: 47 - 57." year="1984">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Morón">Moron</normalizedToken>
1984
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Moron, MA" pageId="209" pageNumber="310" refId="B819" refString="Moron, MA, Villalobos, FJ, Deloya, C, 1985. Fauna de coleopteros lamelicornios de Boca del Chajul, Chiapas, Mexico. Folia Entomologica Mexicana 66: 57-118." title="Fauna de coleopteros lamelicornios de Boca del Chajul, Chiapas, Mexico. Folia Entomologica Mexicana 66: 57 - 118." year="1985">
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(Chiapas, Mexico),
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(Jalisco, Mexico),
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Morón">Moron</normalizedToken>
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(Durango, Mexico),
<bibRefCitation author="Morelli, E" pageId="208" pageNumber="309" refId="B802" refString="Morelli, E, 1989. Clave para la identificacion de las larvas de tres especies del genero Cyclocephala presentes en Uruguay (Coleoptera, Dynastidae). European Association of Coleopterology. International Congress of Coleopterology, Abstracts Volume. Barcelona, Spain. September 18-23, 1989: 121." title="Clave para la identificacion de las larvas de tres especies del genero Cyclocephala presentes en Uruguay (Coleoptera, Dynastidae). European Association of Coleopterology. International Congress of Coleopterology, Abstracts Volume. Barcelona, Spain. September 18 - 23, 1989: 121." year="1989">Morelli 1989</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Morelli, E" pageId="208" pageNumber="309" refId="B803" refString="Morelli, E, 1991. Descripcion de la larva y de la pupa de Cyclocephala signaticollis Burmeister, 1847 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) y observaciones sobre su biologia. Elytron 5 (supplement 1): 189-195." title="Descripcion de la larva y de la pupa de Cyclocephala signaticollis Burmeister, 1847 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) y observaciones sobre su biologia. Elytron 5 (supplement 1): 189 - 195." year="1991">1991</bibRefCitation>
(larvae, Uruguay),
<bibRefCitation author="Dechambre, R-P" pageId="173" pageNumber="274" refId="B236" refString="Dechambre, R-P, 1992. Description de Nouveaux Cyclocephalini et Agaocephalini. In: Lachaume G (Ed.) Les Coleopteres du Monde, Vol. 14. Dynastidae Americains. Cyclocephalini - Agaocephalini - Pentodontini - Oryctini - Phileurini. Sciences Nat, Venette, 57-76." title="Description de Nouveaux Cyclocephalini et Agaocephalini. In: Lachaume G (Ed.) Les Coleopteres du Monde, Vol. 14. Dynastidae Americains. Cyclocephalini - Agaocephalini - Pentodontini - Oryctini - Phileurini. Sciences Nat, Venette, 57 - 76." year="1992">Dechambre 1992</bibRefCitation>
,
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Delgado and
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</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Ratcliffe, BC" pageId="217" pageNumber="318" refId="B967" refString="Ratcliffe, BC, 1991. The scarab beetles of Nebraska. Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum 12: 1-333." title="The scarab beetles of Nebraska. Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum 12: 1 - 333." year="1991">Ratcliffe 1991</bibRefCitation>
(Nebraska, USA),
<bibRefCitation author="Ratcliffe, BC" pageId="217" pageNumber="318" refId="B968" refString="Ratcliffe, BC, 1992a. Nine new species and 11 country records of Cyclocephala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) from Panama and Costa Rica. The Coleopterists Bulletin 46: 216-235." title="Nine new species and 11 country records of Cyclocephala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) from Panama and Costa Rica. The Coleopterists Bulletin 46: 216 - 235." year="1992 a">Ratcliffe 1992a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Ratcliffe, BC" pageId="217" pageNumber="318" refId="B969" refString="Ratcliffe, BC, 1992b. New species and country records of Brazilian Cyclocephala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 135: 179-190." title="New species and country records of Brazilian Cyclocephala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 135: 179 - 190." year="1992 b">Ratcliffe 1992b</bibRefCitation>
(Brazil),
<bibRefCitation author="Deloya, C" pageId="174" pageNumber="275" refId="B258" refString="Deloya, C, Moron, MA, 1994. Listados faunisticos de Mexico. V. Coleopteros lamelicornios del distrito de Jojutla, Morelos, Mexico (Melolonthidae, Scarabaeidae, Trogidae, y Passalidae). Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, Distrito Federal, 49 pp." title="Listados faunisticos de Mexico. V. Coleopteros lamelicornios del distrito de Jojutla, Morelos, Mexico (Melolonthidae, Scarabaeidae, Trogidae, y Passalidae). Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, Distrito Federal, 49 pp." year="1994">
Deloya and
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</bibRefCitation>
(Morelos, Mexico),
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<bibRefCitation author="Dechambre, R-P" pageId="173" pageNumber="274" refId="B238" refString="Dechambre, R-P, 1997. Revision des Cyclocephala du groupe cribrata Burmeister (Coleoptera, Dynastidae). Coleopteres 3: 13-27." title="Revision des Cyclocephala du groupe cribrata Burmeister (Coleoptera, Dynastidae). Coleopteres 3: 13 - 27." year="1997">Dechambre 1997</bibRefCitation>
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(Nayarit, Mexico),
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,
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(Costa Rica and Panama), Reyes Novelo and
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2005 (
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yucatán">Yucatan</normalizedToken>
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(Guerrero, Mexico),
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(larvae),
<bibRefCitation author="Ratcliffe, BC" pageId="218" pageNumber="319" refId="B979" refString="Ratcliffe, BC, Cave, RD, 2006. The dynastine scarab beetles of Honduras, Nicaragua and El Salvador (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae). Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum 21: 1-424." title="The dynastine scarab beetles of Honduras, Nicaragua and El Salvador (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae). Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum 21: 1 - 424." year="2006">Ratcliffe and Cave 2006</bibRefCitation>
(Honduras, Nicaragua, and El Salvador),
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(Nebraska, USA),
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,
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,
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.34.309" author="Gasca-Alvarez, HJ" pageId="182" pageNumber="283" refId="B381" refString="Gasca-Alvarez, HJ, Amat-Garcia, G, 2010. Synopsis and key to the genera of Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea, Scarabaeidae) of Colombia. ZooKeys 34: 153-192. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.34.309" title="Synopsis and key to the genera of Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea, Scarabaeidae) of Colombia. ZooKeys 34: 153 - 192." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.34.309" year="2010">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gasca-Álvarez">Gasca-Alvarez</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amat-García">Amat-Garcia</normalizedToken>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
(Colombia),
<bibRefCitation author="Stechauner-Rohringer, R" pageId="227" pageNumber="328" refId="B1128" refString="Stechauner-Rohringer, R, Pardo-Locarno, LC, 2010. Redescripcion de inmaduros, ciclo de vida, distribucion e importancia agricola de Cyclocephala lunulata Burmeister (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Dynastinae) en Colombia. Boletin Cientifico de Historia Natural Universidad de Caldas 14: 203-220." title="Redescripcion de inmaduros, ciclo de vida, distribucion e importancia agricola de Cyclocephala lunulata Burmeister (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Dynastinae) en Colombia. Boletin Cientifico de Historia Natural Universidad de Caldas 14: 203 - 220." year="2010">Stechauner-Rohringer and Pardo-Locarno 2010</bibRefCitation>
(Larvae, Colombia),
<bibRefCitation author="Mondaca, J" pageId="207" pageNumber="308" refId="B786" refString="Mondaca, J, 2011. Primer registro de Cyclocephala modesta (Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Cyclocephalini) en Chile. Revista Chilena de Entomologia 36: 33-38." title="Primer registro de Cyclocephala modesta (Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Cyclocephalini) en Chile. Revista Chilena de Entomologia 36: 33 - 38." year="2011">Mondaca 2011</bibRefCitation>
(Chile),
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1649/072.066.0209" author="Mora-Aguilar, EF" pageId="208" pageNumber="309" refId="B798" refString="Mora-Aguilar, EF, Delgado, L, 2012. A new species of Cyclocephala Dejean (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Cyclocephalini) from the cloud forests of southeastern Mexico and descriptions of the female of Cyclocephala berti Delgado. The Coleopterists Bulletin 66: 139-142. https://doi.org/10.1649/072.066.0209" title="A new species of Cyclocephala Dejean (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Cyclocephalini) from the cloud forests of southeastern Mexico and descriptions of the female of Cyclocephala berti Delgado. The Coleopterists Bulletin 66: 139 - 142." url="https://doi.org/10.1649/072.066.0209" year="2012">Mora-Aguilar and Delgado 2012</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Ratcliffe, BC" pageId="219" pageNumber="320" refId="B985" refString="Ratcliffe, BC, Cave, RD, Cano, EB, 2013. The dynastine scarab beetles of Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae). Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum 27: 1-666." title="The dynastine scarab beetles of Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae). Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum 27: 1 - 666." year="2013">Ratcliffe et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
(Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize),
<bibRefCitation author="Pardo-Locarno, LC" pageId="211" pageNumber="312" refId="B866" refString="Pardo-Locarno, LC, 2013. Escarabajos (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae) del plan aluvial del Rio Cauca, Colombia I. Ensamblaje, fichas bioecologicas, extinciones locales y clave para adultos. Dugesiana 20: 1-15." title="Escarabajos (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae) del plan aluvial del Rio Cauca, Colombia I. Ensamblaje, fichas bioecologicas, extinciones locales y clave para adultos. Dugesiana 20: 1 - 15." year="2013">Pardo-Locarno 2013</bibRefCitation>
(Colombia),
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1673/031.014.101" author="Albuquerque, LSC de" pageId="161" pageNumber="262" refId="B9" refString="Albuquerque, LSC de, Souza, TB de, Maia, ACD, Iannuzzi, L, 2014. New biological and immature morphological records of the masked chafer, Cyclocephala paraguayensis. Journal of Insect Science 14(101): 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1673/031.014.101" title="New biological and immature morphological records of the masked chafer, Cyclocephala paraguayensis. Journal of Insect Science 14 (101): 1 - 11." url="https://doi.org/10.1673/031.014.101" year="2014">Albuquerque et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
(larvae),
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3872.2.4" author="Souza, TB" pageId="226" pageNumber="327" refId="B1110" refString="Souza, TB, Maia, ACD, Albuquerque, CMR de, Iannuzzi, L, 2014a. Description of Cyclocephala distincta Burmeister (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Cyclocephalini) immatures and identification key for third instars of some Cyclocephala species. Zootaxa 3872: 180-186. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3872.2.4" title="Description of Cyclocephala distincta Burmeister (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Cyclocephalini) immatures and identification key for third instars of some Cyclocephala species. Zootaxa 3872: 180 - 186." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3872.2.4" year="2014 a">Souza et al. 2014a</bibRefCitation>
(larvae),
<bibRefCitation author="Ratcliffe, BC" pageId="218" pageNumber="319" refId="B983" refString="Ratcliffe, BC, Cave, RD, 2015. The dynastine scarab beetles of the West Indies (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae). Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum 28: 1-346." title="The dynastine scarab beetles of the West Indies (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae). Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum 28: 1 - 346." year="2015">Ratcliffe and Cave 2015</bibRefCitation>
(West Indies),
<bibRefCitation author="Ratcliffe, BC" pageId="218" pageNumber="319" refId="B984" refString="Ratcliffe, BC, Cave, RD, 2017. The dynastine scarab beetles of the United States and Canada (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae). Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum 30: 1-298." title="The dynastine scarab beetles of the United States and Canada (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae). Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum 30: 1 - 298." year="2017">Ratcliffe and Cave 2017</bibRefCitation>
(USA and Canada),
<bibRefCitation author="Villalobos-Moreno, A" pageId="229" pageNumber="330" refId="B1168" refString="Villalobos-Moreno, A, Pardo-Locarno, LC, Cabrero-Sanudo, FJ, Ospina-Torres, R, Gomez-Murillo, IJ, 2017. Escarabajos fitofagos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) de un robledal Andino del nororiente Colombiano. Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa 61: 115-136." title="Escarabajos fitofagos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) de un robledal Andino del nororiente Colombiano. Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa 61: 115 - 136." year="2017">Villalobos-Moreno et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
(Colombia),
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3958/059.042.0327" author="Romero-Lopez, M" pageId="221" pageNumber="322" refId="B1037" refString="Romero-Lopez, M, Moron, MA, 2017. Dos nuevas especies de ColeopteraMelolonthidae de la Costa Grande de Guerrero, Mexico. Southwestern Entomologist 42: 889-900. https://doi.org/10.3958/059.042.0327" title="Dos nuevas especies de ColeopteraMelolonthidae de la Costa Grande de Guerrero, Mexico. Southwestern Entomologist 42: 889 - 900." url="https://doi.org/10.3958/059.042.0327" year="2017">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Romero-López">Romero-Lopez</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Morón">Moron</normalizedToken>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
(Mexico).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="131" type="valid taxa">
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">Valid taxa.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">359 species and subspecies.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="132" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="131">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="132" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">
The generic and subgeneric synonyms of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">Cyclocephala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been treated unevenly in the literature. This makes summarizing the synonymies confusing.
<bibRefCitation author="Casey, TL" pageId="169" pageNumber="270" refId="B158" refString="Casey, TL, 1915. A review of the American species of Rutelinae, Dynastinae and Cetoniinae. Memoirs on the Coleoptera 11: 1-347." title="A review of the American species of Rutelinae, Dynastinae and Cetoniinae. Memoirs on the Coleoptera 11: 1 - 347." year="1915">Casey (1915)</bibRefCitation>
proposed most of the generic-level synonyms of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">Cyclocephala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the usefulness of these groups was first discussed in detail by
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1937.tb00246.x" author="Arrow, G J" pageId="164" pageNumber="265" refId="B50" refString="Arrow, G J, 1937a. Systematic notes on beetles of the subfamily Dynastinae, with descriptions of a few new species in the British Museum collection (Coleoptera) Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 86: 35-58. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1937.tb00246.x" title="Systematic notes on beetles of the subfamily Dynastinae, with descriptions of a few new species in the British Museum collection (Coleoptera) Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 86: 35 - 58." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1937.tb00246.x" year="1937 a">Arrow (1937a)</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation author="Arrow, GJ" pageId="164" pageNumber="265" refId="B51" refString="Arrow, GJ, 1937b. Pars 156: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. In: Schenkling S (Ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Volumen XXI. Scarabaeidae III. W Junk, Berlin, 1-124." title="Pars 156: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. In: Schenkling S (Ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Volumen XXI. Scarabaeidae III. W Junk, Berlin, 1 - 124." year="1937 b">Arrow (1937b)</bibRefCitation>
went on to treat all of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Casey’s">Casey's</normalizedToken>
new genus-group names as subgenera of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">Cyclocephala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, except for
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Mimeoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mimeoma" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">Mimeoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which he accepted as valid. However,
<bibRefCitation author="Arrow, GJ" pageId="164" pageNumber="265" refId="B51" refString="Arrow, GJ, 1937b. Pars 156: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. In: Schenkling S (Ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Volumen XXI. Scarabaeidae III. W Junk, Berlin, 1-124." title="Pars 156: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae. In: Schenkling S (Ed.) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Volumen XXI. Scarabaeidae III. W Junk, Berlin, 1 - 124." year="1937 b">Arrow (1937b)</bibRefCitation>
did not clearly place any
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">Cyclocephala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species into these subgenera in his catalog of
<taxonomicName authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" lsidName="" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dynastinae">Dynastinae</taxonomicName>
. Some authors following Arrow used these subgenera. For example,
<bibRefCitation author="Saylor, LW" pageId="223" pageNumber="324" refId="B1063" refString="Saylor, LW, 1937. Revision of California Cyclocephala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Journal of Entomology and Zoology 29: 67-70." title="Revision of California Cyclocephala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Journal of Entomology and Zoology 29: 67 - 70." year="1937">Saylor (1937)</bibRefCitation>
treated
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Spilosota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spilosota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">Spilosota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a valid subgenus of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">Cyclocephala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However,
<bibRefCitation author="Saylor, LW" pageId="223" pageNumber="324" refId="B1064" refString="Saylor, LW, 1945. Synoptic revision of the United States scarab beetles of the subfamily Dynastinae, No. 1: Tribe Cyclocephalini. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 35: 378-386." title="Synoptic revision of the United States scarab beetles of the subfamily Dynastinae, No. 1: Tribe Cyclocephalini. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 35: 378 - 386." year="1945">Saylor (1945)</bibRefCitation>
later abandoned use of the subgenera (at least in North American taxa) and listed
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichromina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dichromina" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">Dichromina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Ochrosidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ochrosidia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">Ochrosidia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Spilosota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spilosota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">Spilosota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in synonymy with
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="131">Cyclocephala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation author="Endrodi, S" pageId="177" pageNumber="278" refId="B301" refString="Endrodi, S, 1966. Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1-460." title="Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1 - 460." year="1966">
<pageBreakToken pageId="31" pageNumber="132" start="start">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Endrődi">Endrodi</normalizedToken>
</pageBreakToken>
(1966)
</bibRefCitation>
was the first author to discuss these generic groups in totality and proposed many synonyms in the early portion of his monograph. However,
<bibRefCitation author="Endrodi, S" pageId="177" pageNumber="278" refId="B301" refString="Endrodi, S, 1966. Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1-460." title="Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1 - 460." year="1966">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Endrődi">Endrodi</normalizedToken>
(1966)
</bibRefCitation>
impled later in the monograph that
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Aclinidia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aclinidia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="132" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="132">Aclinidia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1915" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Halotosia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Halotosia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="132" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="132">Halotosia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Martinez" authorityYear="1965" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Paraclinidia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraclinidia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="132" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="132">Paraclinidia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were valid subgenera without further comment (see
<bibRefCitation author="Hardy, AR" pageId="186" pageNumber="287" refId="B452" refString="Hardy, AR, 1991. A catalog of the Coleoptera of America north of Mexico. Family: Scarabaeidae, Subfamilies: Rutelinae and Dynastinae. United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook 529-34b. Agricultural Research Service, Washington, District of Columbia, xi + 57 pp." title="A catalog of the Coleoptera of America north of Mexico. Family: Scarabaeidae, Subfamilies: Rutelinae and Dynastinae. United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook 529 - 34 b. Agricultural Research Service, Washington, District of Columbia, xi + 57 pp." year="1991">Hardy 1991</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation author="Endrodi, S" pageId="177" pageNumber="278" refId="B301" refString="Endrodi, S, 1966. Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1-460." title="Monographie der Dynastinae (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). I. Teil. Entomologische Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums fuer Tierkunde Dresden 33: 1 - 460." year="1966">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Endrődi’s">Endrodi's</normalizedToken>
(1966)
</bibRefCitation>
meaning was ambiguous, and subsequent authors have treated all the above generic-group names as synonyms of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Cyclocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclocephala" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="132">Cyclocephala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="A1508B045B51D78307CF54A9ED5E0D98">Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete. Band 1. Pteridophyta bis Caryophyllaceae (2 nd edition): Registerzuband 1</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="856570F29F9B770FC8F435DB8EFEC899">Hess, Hans Ernst</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BB0E9AF2614B42534D3B867333656680">Landolt, Elias</mods:namePart>
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<title id="33DE45094C2DB27F7E2D9F52FE5BD4A2" pageId="null" pageNumber="613">
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<normalizedToken id="BC337210DDDC6A22AF0B0F5C3DD71703" originalValue="Líparis" pageId="null" pageNumber="613">Liparis</normalizedToken>
Rich.
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<paragraph id="136A5166E59E97B2AAC0A9EEF48DC138" pageId="null" pageNumber="613">Glanzkraut</paragraph>
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Knollen 2, kugelig oder
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. Stengel wenigstens am Grunde
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.
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, allseitswendig.
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abstehend, schmal,
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die
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nach
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umgerollt, so
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wenigstens die innern
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erscheinen;
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Lippe
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gerichtet, horizontal oder
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gebogen
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, nicht geteilt, am Rande kraus;
<emphasis id="C481E5C9063A7EBE2E353059972737CF" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="613">kein Sporn.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="88964CFE139977655D977068F9C6D2BC" pageId="null" pageNumber="613">
Die Gattung
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<normalizedToken id="1E96B62DFE5020CB7AB7AE44AA45FA4D" originalValue="umfaβt" pageId="null" pageNumber="613">umfaβt</normalizedToken>
etwa 260 Arten
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, die,
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mit Ausnahme der Arktis und Antarktis,
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die ganze Erde verbreitet sind;
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besonders artenreich sind die
<emphasis id="ECF6CEF8007F7E59072F3578D4F97089" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="613">Monsungebiete Asiens.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.3.3201" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3faafced-5a02-46d3-b250-90f2aae522b8" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152023517" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-3-37" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1314-4049-3-37" ModsDocOrigin="MycoKeys 3" ModsDocTitle="Two new species of Lecanora sensu stricto (Lecanoraceae, Ascomycota) from east Africa" checkinTime="1451253016615" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kirika, Paul, Parnmen, Sittiporn &amp; Lumbsch, Thorsten" docDate="2012" docId="C93EF688BAC5B68549E047635EC4F5D5" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 3: 37-47" docOrigin="MycoKeys 3" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.3.3201" docTitle="Lecanora kenyana Kirika &amp; Lumbsch, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="42" masterDocId="FFDF7C15E104EF17FFC6FFB24A75FFA5" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Lecanora sensu stricto (Lecanoraceae, Ascomycota) from east Africa" masterLastPageNumber="47" masterPageNumber="37" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" updateTime="1643544040175" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Two new species of Lecanora sensu stricto (Lecanoraceae, Ascomycota) from east Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Kirika, Paul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Parnmen, Sittiporn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number>3</mods:number>
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<mods:start>37</mods:start>
<mods:end>47</mods:end>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="40" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName LSID="Mycobank no. MB800051" authority="Kirika &amp; Lumbsch" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora kenyana" order="Lecanorales" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="kenyana">Lecanora kenyana Kirika &amp; Lumbsch</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="3" pageNumber="40">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figure 1
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="40" type="type">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
Kenya, Eastern Prov., Mount Kenya National Park, Chogoria Track, close to Chogoria Gate, open
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Juniperus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Juniperus" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Juniperus</taxonomicName>
-
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Podocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Podocarpus" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Podocarpus</taxonomicName>
woodland,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-0.15">0°09'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="37.433334">37°26'E</geoCoordinate>
, 2960m alt., 27.01.2010, on
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Juniperus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Juniperus" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Juniperus</taxonomicName>
, P. Kirika 1179, G. Mugambi &amp; H.T. Lumbsch (holotype EA, isotype F).
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="41" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="41" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
Thallus crustose, verrucose to verruculose, thin to thick, glossy, whitish to greenish; margin indistinct; prothallus not visible; sorediate. Soralia roundish, concave, 0.5-1.2 mm diam., remaining distinct or coalescing, with granular soredia, yellowish green to yellowish gray. Apothecia sessile, strictly constricted at base, 0.6-2.0 mm diam., lecanorine; disc red-brown, shiny, plane, epruinose; margin concolourous with thallus, prominent, thick, smooth, entire to verruculose, flexuose. Amphithecial cortex uniform, gelatinous, inspersed with crystals, hyaline, 25-45
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
thick, with hyphae growing out basally. Amphithecium with small and large crystals (=melacarpella-type). Hypothecium hyaline, 25-30
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
high, parathecium hyaline, with yellowish crystals, 5-7
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
thick. Hymenium hyaline, 55-70
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
high, clear. Epihymenium
<normalizedToken originalValue="red–brown">red-brown</normalizedToken>
, 10-12
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
thick, with numerous, small crystals; pigmentation and crystals dissolving in K (=
<normalizedToken originalValue="pulicaris–type">pulicaris-type</normalizedToken>
). Paraphyses sparingly branched, apically slightly swollen, hyaline. Asci clavate, 50-60
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
10-14
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, 8-spored. Ascospores ellipsoid to narrowly ellipsoid, 12-17
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4.5-6.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
. Pycnidia not seen.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
Figure 1, 2. Morphology of the new
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">Lecanora</taxonomicName>
species. 1
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora kenyana" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="kenyana">Lecanora kenyana</taxonomicName>
, isotype (F). 2
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora orientoafricana" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="orientoafricana">Lecanora orientoafricana</taxonomicName>
, isotype (F). Scale bars = 1mm
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="41" type="chemistry">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Chemistry.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
Thallus and apothecial margin K+ yellow, C-,
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, containing atranorin (minor), and usnic acid (major).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="41" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="41">The new species is named after the country Kenya where the new species has been found.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora kenyana" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="kenyana">Lecanora kenyana</taxonomicName>
is characterized by relatively large, red-brown apothecia with a constricted base, a melacarpella-type amphithecium, pulicaris-type epihymenium, the presence of usnic acid as major constituent, and the presence of soralia. There are only few sorediate
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">Lecanora</taxonomicName>
sensu stricto species with usnic acid, including
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora brodoana" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="brodoana">Lecanora brodoana</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora elatinoides" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="elatinoides">Lecanora elatinoides</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora floridula" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="floridula">Lecanora floridula</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora jamesii" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="jamesii">Lecanora jamesii</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora mobergiana" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="mobergiana">Lecanora mobergiana</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora transvaalensis" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="transvaalensis">Lecanora transvaalensis</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Brodo, IM" journalOrPublisher="Bibliotheca Lichenologica" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" pagination="19 - 25" title="Lecanora jamesii and the relationship between Lecanora s. str. and Straminella." volume="53" year="1993">Brodo and Elix 1993</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Lumbsch, HT" journalOrPublisher="Mycotaxon" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" pagination="391 - 403" title="Five new species of Lecanora from Australia (lichenized Ascomycotina; Lecanoraceae)." volume="67" year="1998">Lumbsch and Elix 1998</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Lumbsch, HT" journalOrPublisher="Lichenologist" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" pagination="161 - 167" title="A new species in the Lecanora subfusca group containing usnic acid in addition to atranorin." volume="27" year="1995">Lumbsch et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Lumbsch, HT" journalOrPublisher="Bryologist" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" pagination="398 - 401" title="New species and new records of Lecanora s. str. from western North America." url="10.2307/3243379" volume="98" year="1995">Lumbsch and Nash 1995</bibRefCitation>
). The saxicolous
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora brodoana" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="brodoana">Lecanora brodoana</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora mobergiana" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="mobergiana">Lecanora mobergiana</taxonomicName>
differ in having an egranulose epihymenium among other characters, whereas
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora elatinoides" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="elatinoides">Lecanora elatinoides</taxonomicName>
(containing pannarin) and
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora jamesii" order="Lecanorales" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="jamesii">Lecanora jamesii</taxonomicName>
(containing 2-O-methylsulphurellin) are readily distinguished by their alter
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="42" start="start">native</pageBreakToken>
chemistry and smaller ascospores. Similar species include
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora floridula" order="Lecanorales" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="floridula">Lecanora floridula</taxonomicName>
described from Florida (USA) and
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora transvaalensis" order="Lecanorales" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="transvaalensis">Lecanora transvaalensis</taxonomicName>
from South Africa. The former species can be distinguished by having smaller apothecia (up to 1 mm), thinner and poorly developed amphithecial cortex, a chlarotera-type epihymenium, smaller ascospores, and the presence of unidentified triterpenes (
<bibRefCitation author="Lumbsch, HT" journalOrPublisher="Bryologist" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" pagination="561 - 577" title="A revision of the usnic acid containing taxa belonging to Lecanora sensu stricto (Lecanorales: Lichenized Ascomycotina)." url="10.2307/3243588" volume="98" year="1995">Lumbsch et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora transvaalensis" order="Lecanorales" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="transvaalensis">Lecanora transvaalensis</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora kenyana" order="Lecanorales" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="kenyana">Lecanora kenyana</taxonomicName>
in having smaller apothecia (up to 0.9 mm), a thinner and poorly developed amphithecial cortex, and smaller, broadly ellipsoid ascospores (9.5-11.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
7.0-8.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
). Further, it contains unidentified terpenoids (
<bibRefCitation author="Lumbsch, HT" journalOrPublisher="Bryologist" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" pagination="561 - 577" title="A revision of the usnic acid containing taxa belonging to Lecanora sensu stricto (Lecanorales: Lichenized Ascomycotina)." url="10.2307/3243588" volume="98" year="1995">Lumbsch et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="42" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="42">
At present this species is known from bark of juniper trees in open habitats at altitudes above 2800m in forests dominated by
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Hagenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hagenia" order="Rosales" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Hagenia</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Podocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Podocarpus" order="Pinales" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Podocarpus</taxonomicName>
. Associated lichens included
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Physciaceae" genus="Heterodermia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Heterodermia leucomelos" order="Caliciales" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="leucomelos">Heterodermia leucomelos</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora caesiorubella" order="Lecanorales" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="caesiorubella">Lecanora caesiorubella</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Collemataceae" genus="Leptogium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Leptogium laceroides" order="Peltigerales" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="laceroides">Leptogium laceroides</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lobariaceae" genus="Lobaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lobaria pulmonaria" order="Peltigerales" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="pulmonaria">Lobaria pulmonaria</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Pannariaceae" genus="Pannaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pannaria fulvescens" order="Peltigerales" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="fulvescens">Pannaria fulvescens</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Physciaceae" genus="Physcia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Physcia albata" order="Caliciales" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="albata">Physcia albata</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lobariaceae" genus="Pseudocyphellaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pseudocyphellaria aurata" order="Peltigerales" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="aurata">Pseudocyphellaria aurata</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Physciaceae" genus="Physcia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Physcia crocata" order="Caliciales" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="crocata">Physcia crocata</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Ochrolechiaceae" genus="Varicellaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Varicellaria velata" order="Pertusariales" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="velata">Varicellaria velata</taxonomicName>
, and several
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Usnea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Usnea" order="Lecanorales" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">Usnea</taxonomicName>
spp.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="42" type="additional specimen examined">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Additional specimen examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="42">
Kenya: Eastern Prov., Mt. Kenya National Park, Sirimon route, ca. 3km for KWS gate towards Old Moses Camp,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="0.0">00°00'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="37.25">37°15'E</geoCoordinate>
, mature montane forest with
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Podocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Podocarpus" order="Pinales" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Podocarpus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Limapontiidae" genus="Olea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Olea" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Olea</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Hagenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hagenia" order="Rosales" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Hagenia</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Arundinaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Arundinaria alpina" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alpina">Arundinaria alpina</taxonomicName>
, 2870m, on bark, 7.10.2010, P. Kirika 2051, G. Mugambi, G. Gatere and M. Mutembei (EA).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>