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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.806.27320" ID-GBIF-Dataset="eef5c293-43ff-4179-8eaa-e5285c9a6250" ID-PMC="PMC6302077" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-806-17" ID-PubMed="30588155" ID-ZBK="A312BA3989FF4D43B6E206F880B956E6" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-806-17" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 806" ModsDocTitle="A survey of basal insects (Microcoryphia and Zygentoma) from subterranean environments of Iran, with description of three new species" checkinTime="1545315501544" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Molero, Rafael, Tahami, Mohadeseh Sadat, Gaju, Miquel &amp; Sadeghi, Saber" docDate="2018" docId="3B4B02AF79B7DB70767ECD7D0AF8EA7F" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 806: 17-46" docOrigin="ZooKeys 806" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.806.27320" docTitle="Ctenolepisma subterraneum Molero, Tahami, Sadeghi &amp; Gaju, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="08CC79A7-2E2C-4330-A6C8-4028B5503B47" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="17" masterDocId="7643FFD3DC7D6740A920CB1350370210" masterDocTitle="A survey of basal insects (Microcoryphia and Zygentoma) from subterranean environments of Iran, with description of three new species" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="17" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1668166586086" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A survey of basal insects (Microcoryphia and Zygentoma) from subterranean environments of Iran, with description of three new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Molero, Rafael</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Tahami, Mohadeseh Sadat</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Gaju, Miquel</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sadeghi, Saber</mods:namePart>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>806</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>17</mods:start>
<mods:end>46</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.806.27320</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.806.27320</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-806-17</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="154125744" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:08CC79A7-2E2C-4330-A6C8-4028B5503B47" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3B4B02AF79B7DB70767ECD7D0AF8EA7F" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/08CC79A7-2E2C-4330-A6C8-4028B5503B47" authority="Molero, Tahami, Sadeghi &amp; Gaju" class="Insecta" family="Lepismatidae" genus="Ctenolepisma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ctenolepisma subterraneum" order="Zygentoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterraneum">Ctenolepisma subterraneum Molero, Tahami, Sadeghi &amp; Gaju</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="17">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 7, 8
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
Holotype (MNCN): female, body length = 7 mm, mounted on slide, labelled &quot;Abu Nasr cave, Shiraz, Fars Province, Iran. 12.XI.2015. Cat. Types N. 2835&quot;; &quot;HOLOTYPE ♀
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lepismatidae" genus="Ctenolepisma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ctenolepisma subterraneum" order="Zygentoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterraneum">Ctenolepisma subterraneum</taxonomicName>
sp. n., des. Molero, Tahami, Sadeghi &amp; Gaju, 2018&quot;.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
Very faintly pigmented and medium-sized lepismatid. Distribution of scales and trichobothrial areas as in
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. ciliatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="ciliatum">C. ciliatum</taxonomicName>
. Apical article of the labial palp with almost parallel sides and three sensory papillae arranged in a single row. Pronotum with 9-10 combs of macrosetae, mesonotum with 14 pairs and metanotum with 11 pairs of combs. Prosternum with 2+2 bristle-combs, mesosternum with 1-2 pairs of combs and metasternum with 1+1 combs. Macrosetae of thoracic sternites arranged in one row. Urosternites III-VIII with 1+1 lateral combs. All urosternites without median combs (subgenus
<taxonomicName genus="Hexapoda" lsidName="Hexapoda (Ctenolepisma)" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Ctenolepisma">Ctenolepisma</taxonomicName>
s. str. sensu Irish, 1987). Urotergite I with 1+1 combs, II-VI with 3+3 combs and VII-VIII with 2+2 combs (
<taxonomicName genus="Hexapoda" lsidName="Hexapoda ciliatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="ciliatum">ciliatum</taxonomicName>
-group sensu Mendes, 1982). Urotergite X trapezoidal. Two pairs of styli. Ovipositor with 40 divisions. Male sex unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Description</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
. Body length: 7 mm. Body fusiform, with the thorax slightly wider than the abdomen, maximum thorax width 1.75 mm. Epidermal pigment very faint, yellowish-brown in alcohol. Scales with brownish pigment (perhaps greyish in live specimens). Most macrosetae are lost, they can be detected by their insertions, when preserved they are almost hyaline to brown-yellowish. Setation of the head with the pattern typical of the genus. Eyes with 12 ommatidia. Antennae broken (maximum length preserved: 2.2 mm). Maxillary palp (Fig. 7A) with the apical article about 5.5 times longer than wide and as long as the penultimate. Apical article of the labial palp about 1.4 times longer than wide, without any expansion in the inner side, with three sensory papillae arranged in a single row (Fig. 7B). Pronotum with a brush of macrosetae in the central part of the anterior margin, with 2-4 rows of macrosetae. A row of 20-24 short smooth setae extends from the median brush to the anterolateral corner of the pronotum (Fig. 7C). The lateral margins of this notum show 9+10 lateral combs with 2-5 macrosetae each. Mesonotum with 14+14 lateral combs with 1-5 macrosetae (the two anterior
<normalizedToken originalValue="“combs”">&quot;combs&quot;</normalizedToken>
are composed only by one macroseta). Metanotum with 11+11 lateral combs with 1-4 macrosetae (the first composed also by one macroseta). Additionally, the three nota have 1+1 posterolateral combs with 6-8 macrosetae. Anterior trichobothrial areas of the thoracic nota not well visible, but apparently following the same arrangement than in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lepismatidae" genus="Ctenolepisma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ctenolepisma ciliatum" order="Zygentoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ciliatum">Ctenolepisma ciliatum</taxonomicName>
, i.e., those of the pronotum situated on lateral comb N-3; those of the mesonotum associated with the antepenultimate (N-2) lateral comb and those of the metanotum associated with the penultimate (N-1) lateral comb. All posterior trichobothria associated with the last lateral comb (N) on the three nota.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
Figure 7.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lepismatidae" genus="Ctenolepisma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ctenolepisma subterraneum" order="Zygentoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterraneum">Ctenolepisma subterraneum</taxonomicName>
sp. n. holotype, head and thorax. A maxillary palp B labial palp C anterior part of the pronotum, showing insertions of macrosetae D prosternum E mesosternum. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Prosternum heart shaped, as long as wide at its base and with the hind margin rounded but slightly truncated at the apex (Fig. 7D). It bears 1+1 brushes of thin and long setae in the anterolateral corners and 2+2 oblique combs in the antedistal region; each comb with 11-12 macrosetae arranged in a single row, although the anterior ones are more irregular. Mesosternum slightly longer than wide at its base, with only 1+1 oblique antedistal combs of 11-14 macrosetae arranged in a single row (Fig. 7E), although the comb of the left side is irregular, apparently broken in two close smaller combs (could be interpreted as 1+2 combs). Metasternum wider than long (ratio length/ width about 0.85) with only one pair of combs of 13-14 macrosetae arranged in one row (Fig. 8A). Hind margins of meso- and metasternum slighly truncated. Distance between the combs 1.4-1.5 times the width of a comb. Protibiae 2.9-3.0 times longer than wide; mesotibiae 3.2 times longer than wide and about 1.15 times longer than the protibiae; metatibiae lost. All preserved tibiae with 2 dorsal and 4 ventral macrosetae shorter than diameter of the article (Fig. 8B). Tibiae without scales. Scales of femora rounded.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Urotergite I with 1+1 bristle-combs; urotergites II-VI with 3+3 combs; urotergites VII and VIII with 2+2 combs. Submedian bristle-combs with 6 macrosetae, lateral combs with 6-7, and sublateral combs with 7-10. Urotergite X trapezoidal, somewhat long (its apical part about 0.46 longer than wide at its base), with slightly concave posterior margin and 1+1 combs of 10-11 macrosetae (Fig. 8C). Urosternites I and II without setae, III-VIII with 1+1 lateral bristle-combs with 11-15 macrosetae. Distance between lateral combs of urosternites 4.8-5.6 times wider than the width of a comb (Fig. 8D).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Male sex unknown. In female, two pairs of abdominal styli (they are lost, but their insertions are clearly visible). Inner process of coxite IX about 1.8 times longer than wide at its base and 3.1 times longer than the outer process (Fig. 8E). Ovipositor with 40 divisions, its apex surpassing the tip of the inner process of the coxite IX approximately by its length (Fig. 8E). Apices of gonapophyses unsclerotized. Caudal filaments broken; maximum length preserved 1.3 mm (in a cercus).</paragraph>
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
Figure 8.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lepismatidae" genus="Ctenolepisma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ctenolepisma subterraneum" order="Zygentoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterraneum">Ctenolepisma subterraneum</taxonomicName>
sp. n. holotype, thorax and abdomen. A metasternum B last articles of middle leg, showing macrochaetae and their insertion on the tibia C urotergite X D urosternite VII E hind margin of coxite VIII, coxite IX and ovipositor (styli VIII and IX lost). Scale bar: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
The new species is related to
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. ciliatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="ciliatum">C. ciliatum</taxonomicName>
(Dufour, 1831),
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. longicaudatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="longicaudatum">C. longicaudatum</taxonomicName>
Escherich, 1905 and
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. armeniacum" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="armeniacum">C. armeniacum</taxonomicName>
Molero, Gaju, Bach &amp; Mendes, 2010, sharing with them the following characteristics: abdominal setation (absence of median combs on urosternites, 3+3 combs of macrosetae on urotergites II-VI), the trapezoidal shape of the tenth urotergite, the distribution of scales on legs (rounded on femora and absent on tibiae and tarsi), the distribution of trichobothria of the nota, and the smooth setae of the anterolateral row of the pronotum. However, all of these species show 5 papillae in the apical article of the labial palp, whilst
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lepismatidae" genus="Ctenolepisma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ctenolepisma subterraneum" order="Zygentoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterraneum">Ctenolepisma subterraneum</taxonomicName>
sp. n. has 3 papillae. There is only one species of the genus
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lepismatidae" genus="Ctenolepisma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ctenolepisma" order="Zygentoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ctenolepisma</taxonomicName>
that shares this particular characteristic in the labial palp and the aforementioned abdominal characters:
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. barchanicum" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="barchanicum">C. barchanicum</taxonomicName>
Kaplin, 1985, from the Karakum region in Turkmenistan, but this species is clearly a different taxon because several differences can be detected:
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
- Number of pairs of styli:
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. barchanicum" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="barchanicum">C. barchanicum</taxonomicName>
has only one pair of styli, and
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. subterraneum" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="subterraneum">C. subterraneum</taxonomicName>
sp. n. has two pairs (at least, females);
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
- Shape and setation of thoracic sternites:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kaplin’s">Kaplin's</normalizedToken>
drawings of
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. barchanicum" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="barchanicum">C. barchanicum</taxonomicName>
reveal that these sternites are clearly rounded at their apex, while in the new species their hind margins are slightly truncated. Moreover, the number of combs in the Turkmenian species is higher (5-8 pairs in the prosternum, 3-4 pairs in the mesosternum and 2 pairs in the metasternum, versus 2, 1-2 and 1 pairs of combs respectively in the Iranian species);
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
- Shape of the apex of the labial palp: Following
<bibRefCitation author="Kaplin, VG" journalOrPublisher="Izvestiya Akademii Nauk TSSR, Seriya Biologicheskaya Nauk" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" pagination="54 - 65" title="A new species of the genus Ctenolepisma Esch. (Thysanura, Lepismatidae) from the eastern Karakum Desert. [In Russian]." volume="5" year="1985">Kaplin (1985)</bibRefCitation>
, the inner side of the apical article of the labial palp is strongly widened in
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. barchanicum" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="barchanicum">C. barchanicum</taxonomicName>
, while in
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. subterraneum" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="subterraneum">C. subterraneum</taxonomicName>
sp. n. the labial palp has subparallel sides;
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
- Number of lateral combs in nota: According
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kaplin’s">Kaplin's</normalizedToken>
description (in Russian), the Turkmenian species has a lower number of combs in the pronotum (5 pairs), in the mesonotum (8-10 pairs) and in the metanotum (7-9 pairs), while the new species from Iran has respectively 9+10 combs, 14 pairs and 11 pairs of combs;
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
- Shape of the hind margin of the urotergite X:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kaplin’s">Kaplin's</normalizedToken>
drawing of the urotergite X of
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. barchanicum" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="barchanicum">C. barchanicum</taxonomicName>
shows a convex hind margin, while this is concave in
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. subterraneum" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="subterraneum">C. subterraneum</taxonomicName>
sp. n.;
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
- Length and number of divisions of the ovipositor.
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. barchanicum" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="barchanicum">C. barchanicum</taxonomicName>
has only 12-13 division and the new species has 40 divisions. In spite of this, the length of the ovipositor of
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. subterraneum" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="subterraneum">C. subterraneum</taxonomicName>
sp. n. is only slightly higher relative to coxites IX.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
The genus
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lepismatidae" genus="Ctenolepisma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ctenolepisma" order="Zygentoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ctenolepisma</taxonomicName>
was revised recently in Iran by
<bibRefCitation author="Kahrarian, M" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" pagination="217 - 230" title="The genus Ctenolepisma (Zygentoma: Lepismatidae) in Western Iran, with description of three new species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4093.2.4" volume="4093" year="2016">Kahrarian et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
; then, seven species were considered to occur in this country, if
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. mauritanicum" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="mauritanicum">C. mauritanicum</taxonomicName>
(Lucas, 1846), with doubtful status, is included.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lepismatidae" genus="Ctenolepisma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ctenolepisma subterraneum" order="Zygentoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterraneum">Ctenolepisma subterraneum</taxonomicName>
sp. n. fits at step 5 of the key of Kahrarian et al. (op. cit.) with the following modifications:
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">6</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">5</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. ciliatum" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="ciliatum">C. ciliatum</taxonomicName>
(Dufour, 1831)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. subterraneum" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="subterraneum">C. subterraneum</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Known only from the type locality, Abu Nasr cave, in Fars province, Iran.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">The specific name of the new species refers to its habitat, not common within species of the genus (see next section). Subterraneum is an adjective in the nominative case.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
This new species has been found near the
<normalizedToken originalValue="cave´s">cave's</normalizedToken>
entrance (endogean). This habitat is unusual within members of the genus
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lepismatidae" genus="Ctenolepisma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ctenolepisma" order="Zygentoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ctenolepisma</taxonomicName>
, since most of them are associated to more superficial (epigean) habitats: under stones or vegetal debris, in trunks of trees, etc.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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Blackburn, 1901.
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Csiki, 1928: 233 [stem: Thalassophil-]. Type genus:
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Wollaston, 1854.
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Art ISFS: 163250 Checklist: 1018680
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KEINE ANGABE
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<heading id="79651FA32BDE8DDC4BE1A4E277F7B7B0">Lebensraum Lebensraum</heading>
nach
<bibRefCitation id="A54D7845E73D4681FCE860A168C7A938" author="Delarze, R. &amp; Gonseth, Y. &amp; Eggenberger, S. &amp; Vust, M." location="Bad Hersfeld, Germany" publisher="Ott Verlag" refString="Delarze, R., Gonseth, Y., Eggenberger, S., Vust, M. 2015. Lebensräume der Schweiz: Oekologie – Gefährdung – Kennarten (3rd edition). Ott Verlag, Bad Hersfeld, Germany, 456 pp." title="Lebensräume der Schweiz: Oekologie – Gefährdung – Kennarten (3rd edition)" year="2015">Delarze &amp; al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D6581BB94988F2AE061BD1AAE40299F">
<table id="49925D19E32D32FAADBC939F1B9742BD" class="table" inLine="true">
<tbody id="37D075D23798B6243B976E1B77362A6B">
<tr id="915501FCAA5C505D606527C1D2F5B4D2">
<td id="64D80EA3EF5CA1F1CE6F987B4FDE1F73">KEINE ANGABE</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AA4A6A329F11F64EB3CEB52CF857A0E0" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="4BB67206F474FB286CCB15EA78F4A25F">
<normalizedToken id="DCC24174EEB6B1FB2A42FF15BBDA269A" originalValue="Ökologische">Oekologische</normalizedToken>
Zeigerwerte nach
<bibRefCitation id="D4D4D4BB6A6442E2A4C44A1630C71204" author="Landolt, E. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Erhardt, A. &amp; Hegg, O. &amp; Klötzli, F. &amp; Lämmler, W. &amp; Nobis, M. &amp; Rudmann-Maurer, K. &amp; Theurillat, J.P. &amp; Urmi, E. &amp; Vust, M. &amp; Wohlgemuth, T." publicationUrl="https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" refString="Landolt, E., Bäumler, B., Erhardt, A., Hegg, O., Klötzli, F., Lämmler, W., Nobis, M., Rudmann-Maurer, K., Theurillat, J.P., Urmi, E., Vust, M., Wohlgemuth, T. 2010. Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen (2nd ed.). https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" title="Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen" year="2010">Landolt &amp; al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F838470C7F047DEA3F73B5E221DC0296">
<table id="9C530DE52724D209ECF73501016BCD62" class="table" inLine="true">
<tbody id="CF6E9424280A76230073529E31225EC9">
<tr id="F9EBAB30E0107991CB5BE198F9DB5066">
<th id="B6EDEBECA521E6F6556DBFF2518C1120" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="92DAEC5866EC01403036B8107B17ECDE" bold="true">Bodenfaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="1634220E5ABBE83463D470A8820A9ACE" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="03A064FC91049ED4B6F2EB5C12833A51" bold="true">Klimafaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="F83B4918771D8382201B495233B8CFE4" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="AD79F0DF71B7C6BE02F46C53F9FA64A5" bold="true">Salztoleranz</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="F4328DDDEEF852C1F7ED92315B15E449">
<td id="20A47FA08963E37641783791EE74B6A0">Feuchtezahl F</td>
<td id="0783E4BF16E8C383BDE9664A8865DB00" style="text-align:left;width:100px">--</td>
<td id="DC677CE5C9B9C05B197013014E5FFD34">Lichtzahl L</td>
<td id="3A20EDFDDAD86C9D3FE854AE183694C1" style="text-align:left;width:60px">--</td>
<td id="5DDBD9FC906CB52C92661028B08FA0A8">Salzzeichen</td>
<td id="2609B5E4D44B22C730BE28FCCD07FAEB" style="text-align:left;width:60px">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B67AFDEDF952DF14BB69681764DC908D">
<td id="BB223603C081B9544E881011631403C3">Reaktionszahl R</td>
<td id="2371210028DAF4491AF1861D8F5F5F8F" style="text-align:left">--</td>
<td id="D844BC48178D9BF7EE758DF0EF468D0C">Temperaturzahl T</td>
<td id="5EBAD8BA6FF17F4230D55622CF532C11" style="text-align:left">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="92979D16C545AEA6571BF9D91A4949F5">
<td id="A2EED94C6A478E7C933B2BC0A29D32A6">
<normalizedToken id="4430D5524517208A9249759C88C14153" originalValue="Nährstoffzahl">Naehrstoffzahl</normalizedToken>
N
</td>
<td id="9AF0317777F525D86F91D707F6F42758" style="text-align:left">--</td>
<td id="BAEF815AA1C81F039F66951701A89937">
<normalizedToken id="B64385E3338EFE887886BBFE99B1B2C4" originalValue="Kontinentalitätszahl">Kontinentalitaetszahl</normalizedToken>
K
</td>
<td id="20A44DFD1A1195C32F492AEF23CEACD4" style="text-align:left">--</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9B3A10E8C58E62978A0F01CF7740B00D" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="7579485A6B2268FF529FEF7BBB7CA9B9">
<heading id="AFDE6BCF362E30FD8C662EAFDB3508A0">Nomenklatur</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B59EB1BE0208D6AAC3CCF6DD093E3161">
<treatmentCitation id="97593471A3C9C999700970D329F1E803">
<heading id="F29D66891EA1574E5F11C57222094ACA">
<normalizedToken id="0339BC7094FDEBD2B55A2B5C8ACBBC16" originalValue="Gültiger">Gueltiger</normalizedToken>
Name (
<bibRefCitation id="7A941F569400C10541D322D6620D1F61" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
)
</heading>
:
<taxonomicName id="9BBE72CF5AAB4DF5D4F1B9DB8D76582A" ID-CoL="3CS2V" authority="Wettst." authorityName="Wettst." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Orobanchaceae" genus="Euphrasia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="portae">
<emphasis id="6D9A5671E58F3B054DE040E4171CBA26" italics="true">Euphrasia portae</emphasis>
Wettst.
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="409667C39BA8640F0A51D09C2C78C8ED" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="2EB66732ACBA40D03A7BD6C35E98B06F">Volksname</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7184A2FEFDEFE7CC9DF7400807F6E0E5" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="77E12540F1DE235300BEBC9A2073CD3F">
Deutscher Name: -- Nom
<normalizedToken id="0BADCC100198786D963C267E05093374" originalValue="français">francais</normalizedToken>
: -- Nome italiano: --
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="26D068DD4D96B9E3F92C8F78A625B284" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B782BF7D87AF0ED8FB2BAB832DEE5344">
<normalizedToken id="FBDC2092D97B09C61B392437560C7255" originalValue="Übereinstimmung">Uebereinstimmung</normalizedToken>
mit anderen Referenzwerken
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D056625B4BE89B56E9CE09352942ADA">
<table id="2A8E4CB8CDC4A50203CA74036E33FACC" class="table table-condensed" inLine="true">
<tbody id="16D37E21D9C9CA294B5CB6A731D3DAFE">
<tr id="5D6826ED0DD3983DDF37001C38346E36">
<th id="2CF29A1EC4A3AE2414519D6B9C493BEE" width="80px">Relation</th>
<th id="85F55A852497D4B31FDAE1C2474A2494">Nom</th>
<th id="6066DC1918AA753D3CA6A12B41D35E6E">Referenzwerke</th>
<th id="122272E971E4433F2A19FB62917B5372" width="90px">No</th>
</tr>
<tr id="708730A790EE5D2891FD1C751AB4A9AB">
<td id="83170F994CAE82BDD1A0526B9D5972EB" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="87C1581305DBE9F12E36455DFA75E7F1">
<taxonomicName id="182807268747549431BB86CD31C12C19" authority="Wettst." authorityName="Wettst." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Orobanchaceae" genus="Euphrasia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="portae">Euphrasia portae Wettst.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="D89914D94CCEF85F18D49793E5FE8F8B">
<treatmentCitation id="23773AD704740DA9401397605B3AA0B5">
<bibRefCitation id="F2BA96835C802436E79368B293918620" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="9B62BCDA0BB5FB14CD47802E66805F91">163250</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AF221CE77A39A2DEF3CDE4FD13BD241E">
<tableNote id="FA26B1F96796BA5CC60FB8C575C7225C">
= Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon
<normalizedToken id="0033E214E08156D4BDA9B580EAE7BC67" originalValue="überein">ueberein</normalizedToken>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2F748F6E986F56D0A231E6D29CE17F6D" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
) &lt;Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon (
<bibRefCitation id="C4314A63817E708898FDEA24D78EB78A" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
) enthalten&gt; Taxon
<normalizedToken id="21DCD17B24E49F0013DDBC453984EBBD" originalValue="enthält">enthaelt</normalizedToken>
(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon (
<bibRefCitation id="CD6C713D6667BD27609EAC0D58132CC0" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
)
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CC337D4211115656465141D10D55C45F" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="F89D6813471050E03C40AC80F673F921">
Kommentare aus der
<bibRefCitation id="FA2FB0E74BFC608BF321DC3DDFDC6B15" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
Neu aufgenommenes Taxon
<normalizedToken id="A2851F8C4F25D51BFD1FA6DB318D0426" originalValue="für">fuer</normalizedToken>
das grenznahe Ausland. Checklist
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="011383E6E8F0669955D000F366B32007" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="432686C8D0C351627DF1FA1AFA9BAF19">
<heading id="4437097B4F1B9345CAE0B3C3843407CB">Status Indigenat</heading>
: -
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="30E49DD802596DA0C2791D9376F6DE26">
<emphasis id="5A4830AC7518FF4D6BB3E1EC1850ABC6" bold="true">
<heading id="875E0F6D3DCCC3B78F96B97B650988F6">
Liste der
<normalizedToken id="EC124E7A967FB94CB938139DA18AE2BC" originalValue="gefährdeten">gefaehrdeten</normalizedToken>
Pflanzen IUCN
</heading>
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="8DC8503C95E13EC727B13092EE615AEB" author="Walter, K.S. &amp; Gillett, H.J." location="Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.44833" publisher="IUCN" refString="Walter, K.S. and Gillett, H.J. (editors). 1998. 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.44833" title="IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants" year="1997">Walter &amp; Gillett 1997</bibRefCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Nein
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

113
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<taxonomicName LSID="3B4B5D4F-BA3F-5A25-8E70-09E711316B86" authority="Wittmer in Wittmer and Ohba 1994" authorityName="Wittmer in Wittmer and Ohba" authorityYear="1994" class="Insecta" family="Rhagophthalmidae" genus="Rhagophthalmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhagophthalmus burmensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burmensis">Rhagophthalmus burmensis Wittmer in Wittmer and Ohba 1994</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Wittmer in Wittmer and Ohba" authorityYear="1994" class="Insecta" family="Rhagophthalmidae" genus="Rhagophthalmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhagophthalmus burmensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burmensis">Rhagophthalmus burmensis</taxonomicName>
Wittmer in
<bibRefCitation author="Wittmer, W" journalOrPublisher="Japanese Journal of Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" pagination="341 - 355" refId="B299" refString="Wittmer, W, Ohba, N, 1994. Neue Rhagophthalmidae (Coleoptera) aus China und benachbarten Laendern. Japanese Journal of Entomology 62: 341 - 355" title="Neue Rhagophthalmidae (Coleoptera) aus China und benachbarten Laendern." volume="62" year="1994">Wittmer and Ohba 1994</bibRefCitation>
: 349.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="55">Type depository.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="55">Holotype, male (NHMB). Seven paratypes, males (NHMB).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="55" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="55">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="55">Myanmar: Kambaiti.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="55" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="55">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="55">Myanmar.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="55" type="literature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="55">Literature.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="55">
<bibRefCitation author="Wittmer, W" journalOrPublisher="Japanese Journal of Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" pagination="341 - 355" refId="B299" refString="Wittmer, W, Ohba, N, 1994. Neue Rhagophthalmidae (Coleoptera) aus China und benachbarten Laendern. Japanese Journal of Entomology 62: 341 - 355" title="Neue Rhagophthalmidae (Coleoptera) aus China und benachbarten Laendern." volume="62" year="1994">Wittmer and Ohba (1994</bibRefCitation>
: 349): original description, drawings of male genitalia;
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: 265): distribution;
<bibRefCitation author="Li, X" journalOrPublisher="Chinese Bulletin of Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="55" pagination="494 - 498" refId="B169" refString="Li, X, Xie, M, Liang, X, 2008b. Rhagophthalmid - a special group of fireflies. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology 45: 494 - 498" title="Rhagophthalmid - a special group of fireflies." volume="45" year="2008 b">Li et al. (2008b</bibRefCitation>
: 496): review.
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<emphasis id="1CB10F4FFD6EDD8F6CE0916BBA6F2AFB" italics="true" pageNumber="406">Lophostoma evotis</emphasis>
Davis and Carter 1978
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<taxonomicName id="EFD3AC6187A049BA7C5D513604CB56F0" ID-CoL="3W4HB" authority="Davis and Carter 1978" authorityName="Davis and Carter" authorityYear="1978" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lophostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageNumber="406" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="evotis">
<emphasis id="94D126B8F5D781ADFC7B50434E01B3F7" italics="true" pageNumber="406">Lophostoma evotis</emphasis>
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,
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Occas. Pap. Mus.
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Tech Univ., 53: 8
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.
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<emphasis id="13A725063E82EC17B84C3F6197713C22" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="406">Type Locality:</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="5EE786D5BB30835D7057F8262B902DA3" name="Guatemala">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
, Izabál,
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S.S.W. Puerto Barrios.
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<emphasis id="377C80A4D5C08CA7DF37A732C73164A6" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="406">Vernacular Names:</emphasis>
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.
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<paragraph id="67B182A149C96D9D2716A892A6147CFC" pageNumber="406">
<emphasis id="CF350906C92CF350E88106E16878F4E8" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="406">Distribution:</emphasis>
S
<collectingCountry id="D04DCAB915E0C564F3DFF9FE50EE01B8" name="Mexico">Mexico</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="057EF8EA2B1F8B92022C1B1176922B31" name="Belize">Belize</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="A4D9249D6EA45C7B13D21218BF7DE72D" name="Guatemala">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="84897156288A5BF71E8B65F51AADBF9E" name="Honduras">Honduras</collectingCountry>
.
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<emphasis id="44D98DB4F165274E47A3A5F2142E11DE" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="406">Conservation:</emphasis>
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2003 and
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/
<collectionCode id="38EDD4169438906A53B07DE28B0F74DF" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9wqd-8bvt" name="Sacramento State University" type="">SSC</collectionCode>
Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt) as
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<emphasis id="BBBCFA8582A96EF5DD3FD25A56273DC9" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="406">Discussion:</emphasis>
Formerly included in
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<emphasis id="FC52AA850E9DCC6DFFE87757146CB09B" italics="true" pageNumber="406">silvicola</emphasis>
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. See Medellín and Arita (1989).
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418
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<emphasis id="8196EAA37F085F1A1EC8FE5DAEB7AC70" bold="true" box="[151,429,510,537]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Aberrapex panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F085F1A1FEBFE5CAD08AC70" box="[436,530,511,537]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBF8653A7F085F1A1EC8FD80AD1AAC54" box="[151,512,546,573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="description">
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F085F1A1EC8FD80AD1AAC54" blockId="2.[151,530,510,573]" box="[151,512,546,573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
(
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F085F1A1EC0FD80AFF7AC54" box="[159,237,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1844,1868]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,186,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-15@3.[151,1436,179,1818]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Line drawings of Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. from Aetomylaeus asperrimus (Gilbert). A—scolex (MZUSP 8050k, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (HWML 217585, paratype); C—detail of ootype region, dorsal view (MIUP H-0085, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; U. uterus; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231236" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231236/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F085F1A1EA4FD80AE11AC54" box="[251,267,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[188,1400,181,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[188,1400,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Scanning electron micrographs of Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. from Aetomylaeus asperrimus (Gilbert). A— scolex, dorsoventral view; uppercase italic letters indicate locations of details shown in E–F; B—bothridiate acetabulum; C— scolex, apical view, and most anterior immature proglottids; small letters indicate locations of details shown in Fig. 2D and G; D—surface of the apex of the scolex; E—distal acetabular surface; F—proximal acetabular surface; G—surface of an immature proglottid." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231238" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231238/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F085F1A1F48FD80AE21AC54" box="[279,315,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[283,1306,186,1904]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[277,1310,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Light micrographs of the whole worms of Aberrapex spp. A—Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. (MZUSP 8050f, paratype). B—A. catarinensis sp. nov. (MZUSP 8046h, paratype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231243/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">3A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F085F1A1F18FD80AE96AC54" box="[327,396,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1846,1870]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,489,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-153@7.[151,1435,489,1823]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Light micrographs of proglottids of Aberrapex spp. A–B—Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. A—terminal fully mature proglottids in which most testes are degenerated (MZUSP 8050b, paratype); B—detached gravid proglottid (MZUSP 8050q, paratype). C—Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov., terminal fully mature proglottids in which most testes are degenerated (MZUSP 8046d, paratype). Abbreviation: Esv. external seminal vesicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231245/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">4A, B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F085F1A1FC7FD81AEB2AC54" box="[408,424,546,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[152,255,800,824]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,181,776]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[183,1403,181,776]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Light micrographs of cocoons of Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. A—tangle of strand-like cocoons. B—part of a strand-like cocoon." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231250" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231250/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F085F1A1FEBFD80AEEDAC54" box="[436,503,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[186,1399,888,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-52@8.[183,1403,884,1858]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Micrographs of transversal histological sections of Aberrapex spp. A–B—Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. A— section at level of cirrus sac; B—section at level of ovary. C–D—A. catarinensis sp. nov. C—section at level of cirrus sac; D—section at level of ovary. Abbreviations: Cs. cirrus sac; O. ovary; Od. oviduct; T. testes; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231252" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231252/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">6A, B</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBF8653A7F085F1A1EC8FDC8AB88ADE8" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F085F1A1EC8FDC8ABCCACEC" blockId="2.[151,1437,619,1977]" box="[151,1238,619,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F085F1A1EC8FDC8AE0EACEC" bold="true" box="[151,276,619,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Type host:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F085F1A1F44FDC8AD81ACEC" authority="(Gilbert)" baseAuthorityName="Gilbert" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[283,667,619,645]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asperrimus">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F085F1A1F44FDC8AD35ACED" box="[283,559,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Aetomylaeus asperrimus</emphasis>
(Gilbert)
</taxonomicName>
, rough eagle ray (
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F085F1A1D3CFDC8AB3CACEC" authorityName="Compagno" authorityYear="1973" box="[867,1062,619,645]" class="Elasmobranchii" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Myliobatiformes</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F085F1A1A70FDC8ABD0ACEC" box="[1071,1226,619,645]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Myliobatidae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F085F1A1E98FD2CAE64ACA4" blockId="2.[151,1437,619,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<materialsCitation id="038A3CEC7F085F1A1E98FD2CAE61ACA4" country="Panama" county="northeastern Pacific" latitude="7.60175" location="Mariato" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-80.99269" municipality="Comunidad De Palo Seco" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Veraguas" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F085F1A1E98FD2CAE77ACC1" bold="true" box="[199,365,654,681]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<typeStatus id="6C5988137F085F1A1E98FD2CAE18ACC0" box="[199,258,655,681]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
</emphasis>
off
<location id="B63D606A7F085F1A1FFCFD2CAEE5ACC0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B4B87A77F085F1E1EC8FE5DABC0AA80:B63D606A7F085F1A1FFCFD2CAEE5ACC0" box="[419,511,655,681]" country="Panama" county="northeastern Pacific" latitude="7.60175" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-80.99269" municipality="Comunidad De Palo Seco" name="Mariato" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" stateProvince="Veraguas">Mariato</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="5339ACCB7F085F1A1C52FD2CAC23ACC0" box="[525,825,655,681]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Comunidad De Palo Seco</collectingMunicipality>
(
<geoCoordinate id="D6D650767F085F1A1D12FD2CACF6ACC0" box="[845,1004,655,681]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" precision="1" seconds="06.3" value="7.60175">7°36’06.3” N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D6D650767F085F1A1DA4FD2DABB7ACC0" box="[1019,1197,654,681]" degrees="80" direction="west" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" precision="1" seconds="33.7" value="-80.99269">80°59’33.7” W</geoCoordinate>
),
<collectingRegion id="7126F8537F085F1A1A9BFD2CAA34ACC0" box="[1220,1326,655,681]" country="Panama" name="Veraguas" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Veráguas</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="CBF576217F085F1A1B62FD2CAA83ACC0" box="[1341,1433,655,681]" name="Panama" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Panama</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCounty id="5A3C4E3D7F085F1A1EC8FD10AE61ACA4" box="[151,379,691,717]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">northeastern Pacific</collectingCounty>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F085F1A1E98FD75AD59AC98" blockId="2.[151,1437,619,1977]" box="[199,579,726,753]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F085F1A1E98FD75AE91AC99" bold="true" box="[199,395,726,752]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Site of infection:</emphasis>
Spiral intestine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F085F1A1E98FD59AB88ADE8" blockId="2.[151,1437,619,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F085F1A1E98FD59AED1AD7D" bold="true" box="[199,459,762,788]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Specimens deposited:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="038A3CEC7F085F1A1F8AFD58ADC0AD50" collectionCode="MIUP" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" specimenCode="H-0085, MZUSP 8050, MZUSP 8051, 8052, MZUSP 8053, HWML 217583-217598" specimenCount="35" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="6C5988137F085F1A1F8AFD58AD27AD7C" box="[469,573,763,789]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(mature worm)
<collectionCode id="D5F3AE747F085F1A1CA0FD58AC5EAD7C" box="[767,836,763,789]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">MIUP</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="E3449ECA7F085F1A1D10FD59ACBCAD7C" box="[847,934,762,789]" collectionCode="H-" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">H-0085</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="A5E4FD387F085F1A1DE9FD58AB5DAD7C" box="[950,1095,763,789]" count="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">19 paratypes</specimenCount>
(16 mature worms and three detached gravid proglottids)
<specimenCode id="E3449ECA7F085F1A1F85FCBCAD6DAD50" box="[474,631,798,825]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">MZUSP 8050</specimenCode>
a–8050s,
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="038A3CEC7F085F1A1CBEFCBCABDFAD50" box="[737,1221,798,825]" collectionCode="MIUP" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" specimenCode="H-0085, MZUSP 8050, MZUSP 8051, 8052, MZUSP 8053, HWML 217583-217598" specimenCount="35" typeStatus="holotype">
two SEM strobilar vouchers
<specimenCode id="E3449ECA7F085F1A1A7CFCBCABDBAD50" box="[1059,1217,798,825]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">MZUSP 8051</specimenCode>
,
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="038A3CEC7F085F1A1A93FCBDAA11AD50" box="[1228,1291,798,825]" collectionCode="MIUP" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" specimenCode="H-0085, MZUSP 8050, MZUSP 8051, 8052, MZUSP 8053, HWML 217583-217598" specimenCount="35" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCode id="E3449ECA7F085F1A1A93FCBDAA1DAD50" box="[1228,1287,798,825]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">8052</specimenCode>
,
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="038A3CEC7F085F1A1B4DFCBCADCAAD34" collectionCode="MIUP" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" specimenCode="H-0085, MZUSP 8050, MZUSP 8051, 8052, MZUSP 8053, HWML 217583-217598" specimenCount="35" typeStatus="holotype">
one voucher of proglottid cross-section series
<specimenCode id="E3449ECA7F085F1A1C42FCE0ADA5AD34" box="[541,703,834,861]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">MZUSP 8053</specimenCode>
a,
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="038A3CEC7F085F1A1C83FCE0AA6EAD34" box="[732,1396,834,861]" collectionCode="MIUP" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" specimenCode="H-0085, MZUSP 8050, MZUSP 8051, 8052, MZUSP 8053, HWML 217583-217598" specimenCount="35" typeStatus="holotype">
proglottid cross-section series
<specimenCode id="E3449ECA7F085F1A1A60FCE0ABC5AD34" box="[1087,1247,834,861]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">MZUSP 8053</specimenCode>
b–8053d and
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="038A3CEC7F085F1A1BDFFCE0AB88ADE8" collectionCode="MIUP" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" specimenCode="H-0085, MZUSP 8050, MZUSP 8051, 8052, MZUSP 8053, HWML 217583-217598" specimenCount="35" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="A5E4FD387F085F1A1BDFFCE0AE18ADE8" count="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">16 paratypes</specimenCount>
(14 mature worms and two detached gravid proglottid)
<specimenCode id="E3449ECA7F085F1A1D29FCC4AB95ADE8" box="[886,1167,870,897]" collectionCode="HWML" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jbwg-23em" name="Howard W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">HWML 217583–217598</specimenCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBF8653A7F085F1A1E98FC28AFE2ADA0" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F085F1A1E98FC28AFE2ADA0" blockId="2.[151,1437,619,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F085F1A1E98FC28AE48ADCC" bold="true" box="[199,338,907,933]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Etymology:</emphasis>
The specific epithet,
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F085F1A1C18FC28ADD1ADCD" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[583,715,907,932]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="panamensis">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F085F1A1C18FC28ADD1ADCD" box="[583,715,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, refers to the
<typeStatus id="6C5988137F085F1A1D34FC28AC81ADCC" box="[875,923,907,933]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">type</typeStatus>
locality of this species registered in Mariato,
<collectingCountry id="CBF576217F085F1A1EC8FC0CAFE9ADA0" box="[151,243,943,969]" name="Panama" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Panama</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBF8653A7F085F1E1E98FC71ACABACA4" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="description">
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F085F1A1E98FC71AD5FAA78" blockId="2.[151,1437,619,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F085F1A1E98FC71AE43AD85" bold="true" box="[199,345,978,1004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Description.</emphasis>
Based on 31 complete mature worms, five detached gravid proglottids, one cross-sectioned worm and
<specimenCount id="A5E4FD387F085F1A1E98FC54AE77AA78" box="[199,365,1015,1041]" count="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
prepared for SEM.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F085F1A1E98FBB8AEA7AAAC" blockId="2.[151,1437,619,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
Worms
<quantity id="741A9B547F085F1A1F42FBB8AEA5AA5C" box="[285,447,1051,1077]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.195" metricValueMax="6.02" metricValueMin="2.37" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="4.195" valueMax="6.02" valueMin="2.37">2.37–6.02 mm</quantity>
(
<quantity id="741A9B547F085F1A1F92FBB8AD2BAA5C" box="[461,561,1051,1077]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.73" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="3.73">3.73 mm</quantity>
±
<quantity id="741A9B547F085F1A1C13FBB8ADA8AA5C" box="[588,690,1051,1077]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="0.92">0.92 mm</quantity>
; 31) long, maximum width at level of terminal proglottid (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F085F1A1B69FBB8AA95AA5C" box="[1334,1423,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[283,1306,186,1904]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[277,1310,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Light micrographs of the whole worms of Aberrapex spp. A—Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. (MZUSP 8050f, paratype). B—A. catarinensis sp. nov. (MZUSP 8046h, paratype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231243/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
), euapolytic, 30–51 (37 ± 4.6; 31) proglottids per worm. Scolex 71–102 (89 ± 8.6; 18) long, 104–169 (139 ± 18.2; 21) wide, consisting of four bothridiate acetabula; apical modification of scolex proper and apical organ absent (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F085F1A1B3BFBC0AFA6AAC8" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1844,1868]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,186,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-15@3.[151,1436,179,1818]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Line drawings of Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. from Aetomylaeus asperrimus (Gilbert). A—scolex (MZUSP 8050k, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (HWML 217585, paratype); C—detail of ootype region, dorsal view (MIUP H-0085, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; U. uterus; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231236" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231236/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Figs. 1A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F085F1A1E98FB24AE14AAC8" box="[199,270,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[188,1400,181,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[188,1400,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Scanning electron micrographs of Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. from Aetomylaeus asperrimus (Gilbert). A— scolex, dorsoventral view; uppercase italic letters indicate locations of details shown in E–F; B—bothridiate acetabulum; C— scolex, apical view, and most anterior immature proglottids; small letters indicate locations of details shown in Fig. 2D and G; D—surface of the apex of the scolex; E—distal acetabular surface; F—proximal acetabular surface; G—surface of an immature proglottid." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231238" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231238/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">2A–C</figureCitation>
). Acetabula cup-shaped, 79–104 (90 ± 5.7; 24; 28) long, 59–79 (67 ± 4.6; 24; 28) wide (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F085F1A1A84FB24AA24AAC8" box="[1243,1342,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1844,1868]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,186,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-15@3.[151,1436,179,1818]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Line drawings of Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. from Aetomylaeus asperrimus (Gilbert). A—scolex (MZUSP 8050k, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (HWML 217585, paratype); C—detail of ootype region, dorsal view (MIUP H-0085, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; U. uterus; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231236" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231236/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Figs. 1A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F085F1A1B16FB24AA8AAAC8" box="[1353,1424,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[188,1400,181,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[188,1400,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Scanning electron micrographs of Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. from Aetomylaeus asperrimus (Gilbert). A— scolex, dorsoventral view; uppercase italic letters indicate locations of details shown in E–F; B—bothridiate acetabulum; C— scolex, apical view, and most anterior immature proglottids; small letters indicate locations of details shown in Fig. 2D and G; D—surface of the apex of the scolex; E—distal acetabular surface; F—proximal acetabular surface; G—surface of an immature proglottid." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231238" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231238/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">2A–C</figureCitation>
). Cephalic peduncle absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F085F1A1E98FB6CACC0AB58" blockId="2.[151,1437,619,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
Apex of scolex covered with capilliform filitriches (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F085F1A1D46FB6CAC6FAA80" box="[793,885,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[188,1400,181,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[188,1400,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Scanning electron micrographs of Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. from Aetomylaeus asperrimus (Gilbert). A— scolex, dorsoventral view; uppercase italic letters indicate locations of details shown in E–F; B—bothridiate acetabulum; C— scolex, apical view, and most anterior immature proglottids; small letters indicate locations of details shown in Fig. 2D and G; D—surface of the apex of the scolex; E—distal acetabular surface; F—proximal acetabular surface; G—surface of an immature proglottid." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231238" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231238/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
). Proximal and distal acetabular surface covered with hastate spinitriches and acicular filitriches (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F085F1A1CF3FB50AC07AB64" box="[684,797,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[188,1400,181,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[188,1400,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Scanning electron micrographs of Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. from Aetomylaeus asperrimus (Gilbert). A— scolex, dorsoventral view; uppercase italic letters indicate locations of details shown in E–F; B—bothridiate acetabulum; C— scolex, apical view, and most anterior immature proglottids; small letters indicate locations of details shown in Fig. 2D and G; D—surface of the apex of the scolex; E—distal acetabular surface; F—proximal acetabular surface; G—surface of an immature proglottid." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231238" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231238/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Fig. 2E, F</figureCitation>
); hastate spinitriches covering all distal acetabular surface (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F085F1A1EC0FAB4AFE2AB58" box="[159,248,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[188,1400,181,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[188,1400,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Scanning electron micrographs of Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. from Aetomylaeus asperrimus (Gilbert). A— scolex, dorsoventral view; uppercase italic letters indicate locations of details shown in E–F; B—bothridiate acetabulum; C— scolex, apical view, and most anterior immature proglottids; small letters indicate locations of details shown in Fig. 2D and G; D—surface of the apex of the scolex; E—distal acetabular surface; F—proximal acetabular surface; G—surface of an immature proglottid." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231238" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231238/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
). Immature proglottids covered with acicular filitriches (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F085F1A1D2CFAB4ACD7AB58" box="[883,973,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[188,1400,181,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[188,1400,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Scanning electron micrographs of Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. from Aetomylaeus asperrimus (Gilbert). A— scolex, dorsoventral view; uppercase italic letters indicate locations of details shown in E–F; B—bothridiate acetabulum; C— scolex, apical view, and most anterior immature proglottids; small letters indicate locations of details shown in Fig. 2D and G; D—surface of the apex of the scolex; E—distal acetabular surface; F—proximal acetabular surface; G—surface of an immature proglottid." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231238" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231238/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Fig. 2G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F085F1A1E98FA98AE1DA844" blockId="2.[151,1437,619,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
Proglottids craspedote, laciniate, with four laciniations (two dorsal, two ventral), less evident in mature proglottids (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F085F1A1F41FAFCAE65AB10" box="[286,383,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1844,1868]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,186,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-15@3.[151,1436,179,1818]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Line drawings of Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. from Aetomylaeus asperrimus (Gilbert). A—scolex (MZUSP 8050k, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (HWML 217585, paratype); C—detail of ootype region, dorsal view (MIUP H-0085, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; U. uterus; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231236" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231236/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Figs. 1B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F085F1A1FD5FAFCAEB5AB10" box="[394,431,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[283,1306,186,1904]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[277,1310,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Light micrographs of the whole worms of Aberrapex spp. A—Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. (MZUSP 8050f, paratype). B—A. catarinensis sp. nov. (MZUSP 8046h, paratype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231243/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">3A</figureCitation>
). Immature proglottids 28–49 (35 ± 4.6; 31) in number, initially wider than long, becoming longer than wide with maturity; posterior-most immature proglottid 202–492 (354 ± 74.6; 31) long, 110–313 (210 ± 45.6; 31) wide. Mature proglottids 1–2 (
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F085F1A1C24FA04AD94ABA9" box="[635,654,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">N</emphasis>
= 31) in number, terminal mature proglottids in which testes are not degenerated 708–1170 (886 ± 98.4; 19) long, 142–312 (238 ± 39.4; 19) wide (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F085F1A1A6CFA68AB97AB8C" box="[1075,1165,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1844,1868]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,186,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-15@3.[151,1436,179,1818]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Line drawings of Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. from Aetomylaeus asperrimus (Gilbert). A—scolex (MZUSP 8050k, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (HWML 217585, paratype); C—detail of ootype region, dorsal view (MIUP H-0085, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; U. uterus; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231236" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231236/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
); terminal fully mature proglottids in which most testes are degenerated 884–1434 (1126 ± 154.7; 12) long, 184–329 (266 ± 53.9; 12) wide (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F085F1A1EC0F9B0AFE0A844" box="[159,250,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1846,1870]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,489,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-153@7.[151,1435,489,1823]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Light micrographs of proglottids of Aberrapex spp. A–B—Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. A—terminal fully mature proglottids in which most testes are degenerated (MZUSP 8050b, paratype); B—detached gravid proglottid (MZUSP 8050q, paratype). C—Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov., terminal fully mature proglottids in which most testes are degenerated (MZUSP 8046d, paratype). Abbreviation: Esv. external seminal vesicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231245/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F085F1A1E98F994AC9AA9D0" blockId="2.[151,1437,619,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
Testes 24–42 (35 ± 4.1; 31) in number, 37–59 (50 ± 5.2; 31; 52) long, 64–96 (83 ± 7.6; 31; 52) wide in mature proglottids, arranged in 2–4 irregular columns in dorsoventral view (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F085F1A1DD2F9F8ACF9A81C" box="[909,995,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1844,1868]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,186,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-15@3.[151,1436,179,1818]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Line drawings of Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. from Aetomylaeus asperrimus (Gilbert). A—scolex (MZUSP 8050k, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (HWML 217585, paratype); C—detail of ootype region, dorsal view (MIUP H-0085, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; U. uterus; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231236" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231236/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
), in single field extending from anterior margin of proglottid to ovary, slightly overlapping anterior margins of ovary, one row deep in cross-section (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F085F1A1B30F9DCAFA7A8D4" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[186,1399,888,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-52@8.[183,1403,884,1858]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Micrographs of transversal histological sections of Aberrapex spp. A–B—Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. A— section at level of cirrus sac; B—section at level of ovary. C–D—A. catarinensis sp. nov. C—section at level of cirrus sac; D—section at level of ovary. Abbreviations: Cs. cirrus sac; O. ovary; Od. oviduct; T. testes; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231252" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231252/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
), degenerated in some terminal mature proglottids (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F085F1A1D43F900AC61A8D4" box="[796,891,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1846,1870]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,489,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-153@7.[151,1435,489,1823]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Light micrographs of proglottids of Aberrapex spp. A–B—Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. A—terminal fully mature proglottids in which most testes are degenerated (MZUSP 8050b, paratype); B—detached gravid proglottid (MZUSP 8050q, paratype). C—Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov., terminal fully mature proglottids in which most testes are degenerated (MZUSP 8046d, paratype). Abbreviation: Esv. external seminal vesicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231245/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
). Vas deferens in maturing proglottids in form of thin tube, sinuous, extending along lateral margin of proglottid from level of ootype to cirrus sac, entering cirrus sac at distal end (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F085F1A1FF7F948AD3EA96C" box="[424,548,1771,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1844,1868]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,186,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-15@3.[151,1436,179,1818]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Line drawings of Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. from Aetomylaeus asperrimus (Gilbert). A—scolex (MZUSP 8050k, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (HWML 217585, paratype); C—detail of ootype region, dorsal view (MIUP H-0085, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; U. uterus; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231236" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231236/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Fig. 1B, C</figureCitation>
); vas deferens in proglottids in which testes are degenerated enlarged to form conspicuous external seminal vesicle (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F085F1A1C1DF8ACAD86A940" box="[578,668,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1846,1870]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,489,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-153@7.[151,1435,489,1823]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Light micrographs of proglottids of Aberrapex spp. A–B—Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. A—terminal fully mature proglottids in which most testes are degenerated (MZUSP 8050b, paratype); B—detached gravid proglottid (MZUSP 8050q, paratype). C—Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov., terminal fully mature proglottids in which most testes are degenerated (MZUSP 8046d, paratype). Abbreviation: Esv. external seminal vesicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231245/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
). External seminal vesicle extensive, sinuous, extending more or less along midline of proglottid from ootype to near the anterior margin of cirrus sac. Internal seminal vesicle absent. Cirrus sac pyriform, slightly angled anteriorly, 67–153 (97 ± 21.4; 17) long, 36–106 (58 ± 16.8; 17) wide in mature proglottids with testes; 112–208 (157 ± 32.7; 12) long, 73–126 (101 ± 16.8; 12) wide in mature proglottids in which testes are degenerated, containing coiled unarmed cirrus (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F085F1A1D43F83CAC68A9D0" box="[796,882,1951,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1844,1868]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,186,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-15@3.[151,1436,179,1818]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Line drawings of Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. from Aetomylaeus asperrimus (Gilbert). A—scolex (MZUSP 8050k, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (HWML 217585, paratype); C—detail of ootype region, dorsal view (MIUP H-0085, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; U. uterus; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231236" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231236/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="E79D66397F095F1B1EC7F897AD38A9D1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231236" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11231236" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231236/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" startId="3.[152,255,1844,1868]" targetBox="[160,1427,186,1807]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F095F1B1EC7F897AD38A9D1" blockId="3.[151,1436,1844,1976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F095F1B1EC7F897AE01A925" bold="true" box="[152,283,1844,1868]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Line drawings of
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F095F1B1F83F897ADD2A925" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[476,712,1844,1868]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="panamensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F095F1B1F83F897ADD2A925" box="[476,712,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Aberrapex panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F095F1B1C8FF896AC3BA925" box="[720,801,1845,1868]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F095F1B1D3EF897ABDBA925" authority="(Gilbert)" baseAuthorityName="Gilbert" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[865,1217,1844,1868]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asperrimus">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F095F1B1D3EF897AB47A925" box="[865,1117,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Aetomylaeus asperrimus</emphasis>
(Gilbert)
</taxonomicName>
. A—scolex (MZUSP 8050k, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (HWML 217585, paratype); C—detail of ootype region, dorsal view (MIUP H-0085, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; U. uterus; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E79D66397F0E5F1C1EC7F8E3AE18A980" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231238" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11231238" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231238/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" startId="4.[152,255,1856,1880]" targetBox="[188,1400,181,1832]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F0E5F1C1EC7F8E3AE18A980" blockId="4.[151,1436,1856,2025]" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0E5F1C1EC7F8E3AE00A931" bold="true" box="[152,282,1856,1880]" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Scanning electron micrographs of
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0E5F1C1CDAF8E2AC6AA931" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[645,880,1857,1881]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="panamensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0E5F1C1CDAF8E2AC6AA931" box="[645,880,1857,1881]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Aberrapex panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F0E5F1C1D27F8E2ACD2A931" box="[888,968,1857,1880]" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0E5F1C1A57F8E2AA7DA930" authority="(Gilbert)" baseAuthorityName="Gilbert" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[1032,1383,1857,1881]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asperrimus">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0E5F1C1A57F8E2AA19A931" box="[1032,1283,1857,1881]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Aetomylaeus asperrimus</emphasis>
(Gilbert)
</taxonomicName>
. A— scolex, dorsoventral view; uppercase italic letters indicate locations of details shown in E–F; B—bothridiate acetabulum; C— scolex, apical view, and most anterior immature proglottids; small letters indicate locations of details shown in Fig. 2D and G; D—surface of the apex of the scolex; E—distal acetabular surface; F—proximal acetabular surface; G—surface of an immature proglottid.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E79D66397F0F5F1D1EC7F834AC2CA9BD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231243" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11231243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231243/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" startId="5.[152,255,1943,1967]" targetBox="[283,1306,186,1904]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F0F5F1D1EC7F834AC2CA9BD" blockId="5.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0F5F1D1EC7F834AE00A9C6" bold="true" box="[152,282,1943,1967]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Light micrographs of the whole worms of
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0F5F1D1C82F83BAC88A9D9" box="[733,914,1944,1968]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0F5F1D1C82F83BAC52A9D9" box="[733,840,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Aberrapex</emphasis>
spp. A
</taxonomicName>
—
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0F5F1D1DF3F83BAB8DA9C6" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[940,1175,1944,1968]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="panamensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0F5F1D1DF3F83BAB8DA9C6" box="[940,1175,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Aberrapex panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F0F5F1D1AC0F83BABF5A9C6" box="[1183,1263,1944,1967]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(MZUSP 8050f, paratype). B—
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0F5F1D1F71F81FAEDCA9BA" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[302,454,1980,2003]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="catarinensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0F5F1D1F71F81FAEDCA9BA" box="[302,454,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">A. catarinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F0F5F1D1F93F81FAD01A9BA" box="[460,539,1980,2003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(MZUSP 8046h, paratype).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F0C5F1E1E98FF34AA5BAFE0" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1257]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
Ovary H-shaped in dorsoventral view (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0C5F1E1C2BFF34ADF3AED8" box="[628,745,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1844,1868]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,186,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-15@3.[151,1436,179,1818]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Line drawings of Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. from Aetomylaeus asperrimus (Gilbert). A—scolex (MZUSP 8050k, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (HWML 217585, paratype); C—detail of ootype region, dorsal view (MIUP H-0085, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; U. uterus; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231236" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231236/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Fig. 1B, C</figureCitation>
), tetralobed in cross-section (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0C5F1E1A72FF34AB99AED8" box="[1069,1155,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[186,1399,888,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-52@8.[183,1403,884,1858]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Micrographs of transversal histological sections of Aberrapex spp. A–B—Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. A— section at level of cirrus sac; B—section at level of ovary. C–D—A. catarinensis sp. nov. C—section at level of cirrus sac; D—section at level of ovary. Abbreviations: Cs. cirrus sac; O. ovary; Od. oviduct; T. testes; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231252" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231252/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
), lobulated, symmetrical, 93–281 (170 ± 45.6; 17) long, 87–183 (129 ± 28.3; 18) wide in mature proglottids with testes; 205–356 (282 ± 44.6; 12) long, 119–203 (147 ± 24.0; 11) wide in mature proglottids in which testes are degenerated; ovarian isthmus at middle of ovary. Mehlis’ gland at posterior margin of ovary (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0C5F1E1D11FEA0ACD3AF74" box="[846,969,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1844,1868]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,186,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-15@3.[151,1436,179,1818]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Line drawings of Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. from Aetomylaeus asperrimus (Gilbert). A—scolex (MZUSP 8050k, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (HWML 217585, paratype); C—detail of ootype region, dorsal view (MIUP H-0085, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; U. uterus; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231236" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231236/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Fig. 1B, C</figureCitation>
). Vagina sinuous, extending along lateral margin of proglottid from ootype to genital atrium, opening into genital atrium posterior to cirrus sac (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0C5F1E1B49FE84AA95AF28" box="[1302,1423,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1844,1868]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,186,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-15@3.[151,1436,179,1818]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Line drawings of Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. from Aetomylaeus asperrimus (Gilbert). A—scolex (MZUSP 8050k, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (HWML 217585, paratype); C—detail of ootype region, dorsal view (MIUP H-0085, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; U. uterus; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231236" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231236/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Fig. 1B, C</figureCitation>
). Genital pores lateral, irregularly alternating, 70–81% (75% ± 2.5%; 19) of proglottid length from posterior margin in mature proglottids with testes, 77–80% (79% ± 1.3%; 10) in mature proglottids with degenerated testes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F0C5F1E1E98FE30ACABACA4" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1257]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
Uterus saccate, sinuous, extending along median line of proglottid from anterior margin of ovary to the level of anterior margin of cirrus sac (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0C5F1E1FBDFE14AD40AFB8" box="[482,602,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1844,1868]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,186,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-15@3.[151,1436,179,1818]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Line drawings of Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. from Aetomylaeus asperrimus (Gilbert). A—scolex (MZUSP 8050k, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (HWML 217585, paratype); C—detail of ootype region, dorsal view (MIUP H-0085, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; U. uterus; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231236" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231236/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Fig. 1B, C</figureCitation>
); uterine duct not observed. Vitelline follicles in four columns (two dorsal, two ventral) on each lateral margin of proglottid, extending entire length of proglottid, interrupted by ovary and cirrus sac, slightly overlapping anterior and posterior margins of ovary (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0C5F1E1D96FE5CAB5EAC70" box="[969,1092,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1844,1868]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,186,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-15@3.[151,1436,179,1818]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Line drawings of Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. from Aetomylaeus asperrimus (Gilbert). A—scolex (MZUSP 8050k, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (HWML 217585, paratype); C—detail of ootype region, dorsal view (MIUP H-0085, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; U. uterus; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231236" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231236/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Fig. 1B, C</figureCitation>
); vitelline follicles 5–18 (11 ± 2.6; 19; 35) long, 10–33 (21 ± 5.9; 19; 35) wide in mature proglottids with testes, 12–21 (17 ± 3.3; 11; 20) long, 32– 82 (49 ± 15.9; 11; 20) wide in mature proglottids with degenerated testes. Gravid detached proglottids 1606–2503 (2177 ± 396.2; 4) long, 301–492 (415 ± 81.2; 4) wide (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0C5F1E1D52FDC8AC7DACEC" box="[781,871,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1846,1870]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,489,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-153@7.[151,1435,489,1823]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Light micrographs of proglottids of Aberrapex spp. A–B—Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. A—terminal fully mature proglottids in which most testes are degenerated (MZUSP 8050b, paratype); B—detached gravid proglottid (MZUSP 8050q, paratype). C—Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov., terminal fully mature proglottids in which most testes are degenerated (MZUSP 8046d, paratype). Abbreviation: Esv. external seminal vesicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231245/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
). Eggs unembryonated, broadly dolioform, 17–22 (18 ± 2.2; 4; 8) long by 12–15 (13 ± 1.5; 4; 8) wide, arranged in tandem in cocoons; cocoons in form of continuous strand of hundreds of eggs (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0C5F1E1F8FFD10AD53ACA4" box="[464,585,690,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[152,255,800,824]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,181,776]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[183,1403,181,776]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Light micrographs of cocoons of Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. A—tangle of strand-like cocoons. B—part of a strand-like cocoon." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231250" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231250/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Fig. 5A, B</figureCitation>
). Single pair of excretory ducts.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBF8653A7F0C5F1E1E98FD74ABC0AA80" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F0C5F1E1E98FD74ABC0AA80" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1257]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1E98FD74AE21AC98" bold="true" box="[199,315,727,753]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1F1AFD74AD53AC99" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[325,585,727,753]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="panamensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1F1AFD74AD53AC99" box="[325,585,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Aberrapex panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F0C5F1E1C0CFD74ADB7AC98" box="[595,685,727,753]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is the second species of its genus reported in the eastern Pacific Ocean. It can be easily distinguished morphologically from its congeners by a series of morphometric and/or morphological attributes.
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1FE5FCBCADA6AD51" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[442,700,799,825]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="panamensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1FE5FCBCADA6AD51" box="[442,700,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Aberrapex panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F0C5F1E1C9BFCBCAC06AD50" box="[708,796,799,825]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
possesses a greater number of testes than
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1AA3FCBCAA8FAD51" authorityName="Menoret, Mutti &amp; Ivanov" authorityYear="2017" box="[1276,1429,799,825]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sanmartini">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1AA3FCBCAA8FAD51" box="[1276,1429,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">A. sanmartini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1EC8FCE0AD0BAD35" box="[151,529,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1EC8FCE0AE74AD34" authorityName="Menoret, Mutti &amp; Ivanov" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,366,835,861]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="vitalemuttiorum">A. vitalemuttiorum</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1F25FCE0AD17AD35" authorityName="Jensen" authorityYear="2006" box="[378,525,835,861]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="manjajiae">A. manjajiae</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1C14FCE0ADFCAD35" authorityName="Koch, Jensen &amp; Caira" authorityYear="2012" box="[587,742,835,861]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="weipaensis">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1C14FCE0ADFCAD35" box="[587,742,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">A. weipaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(24–42
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1D19FCE0AC47AD35" box="[838,861,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">vs</emphasis>
11–16, 15–21, 10–19 and 10–17, respectively). In addition, in
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1F43FCC4AEA5ADE9" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[284,447,871,897]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="panamensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1F43FCC4AEA5ADE9" box="[284,447,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">A. panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F0C5F1E1F9AFCC4AD01ADE8" box="[453,539,871,897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
the eggs are arranged in tandem in large number in strand-like cocoons, whereas in
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1EEAFC28AE54ADCD" authorityName="Menoret, Mutti &amp; Ivanov" authorityYear="2017" box="[181,334,907,933]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sanmartini">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1EEAFC28AE54ADCD" box="[181,334,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">A. sanmartini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the eggs are grouped in oval cocoons with 16–
<specimenCount id="A5E4FD387F0C5F1E1D37FC28ACDAADCC" box="[872,960,907,933]" count="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" type="egg">22 eggs</specimenCount>
each.
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1A54FC28AA14ADCD" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[1035,1294,907,933]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="panamensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1A54FC28AA14ADCD" box="[1035,1294,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Aberrapex panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F0C5F1E1B49FC28AA74ADCC" box="[1302,1390,907,933]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
can further be distinguished from
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1FA9FC0CAD8AADA1" box="[502,656,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1FA9FC0CAD96ADA1" authorityName="Jensen" authorityYear="2006" box="[502,652,943,969]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="manjajiae">A. manjajiae</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1C91FC0CAC76ADA1" authorityName="Koch, Jensen &amp; Caira" authorityYear="2012" box="[718,876,943,969]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="weipaensis">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1C91FC0CAC76ADA1" box="[718,876,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">A. weipaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as it follows by the microthrix pattern. Hastate spinitriches are covering the entire distal acetabular surface in
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1D05FC70ACE4AD85" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[858,1022,979,1005]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="panamensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1D05FC70ACE4AD85" box="[858,1022,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">A. panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F0C5F1E1A59FC70AB7AAD84" box="[1030,1120,979,1005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, rather than restricted to the central acetabular region as in the case of
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1C21FC54AC15AA79" authorityName="Jensen" authorityYear="2006" box="[638,783,1015,1041]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="manjajiae">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1C21FC54AC15AA79" box="[638,783,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">A. manjajiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or absent in that surface as in the case of
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1AA6FC54AE81AA5D" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1AA6FC54AA82AA79" authorityName="Koch, Jensen &amp; Caira" authorityYear="2012" box="[1273,1432,1015,1041]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="weipaensis">A. weipaensis</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1EC8FBB8AE81AA5D" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,411,1051,1077]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="panamensis" status="sp. nov.">Aberrapex panamensis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F0C5F1E1FFAFBB8AEE5AA5C" box="[421,511,1051,1077]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1CC4FBB8AC5FAA5C" authorityName="Brooks, Mayes &amp; Thorson" authorityYear="1981" box="[667,837,1051,1077]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Discobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="arrhynchum">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1CC4FBB8AC5FAA5C" box="[667,837,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">A. arrhynchum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1D08FBB8ACF6AA5D" authorityName="Jensen" authorityYear="2001" box="[855,1004,1051,1077]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="senticosus">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1D08FBB8ACF6AA5D" box="[855,1004,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">A. senticosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1A70FBB8ABA9AA5C" authorityName="Menoret, Mutti &amp; Ivanov" authorityYear="2017" box="[1071,1203,1051,1077]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ludmilae">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1A70FBB8ABA9AA5C" box="[1071,1203,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">A. ludmilae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the length of the scolex (71–102
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1F15FB9CAE7BAA31" box="[330,353,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">vs</emphasis>
165–205, 100–130, and 160–190, respectively). In addition, in
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1A77FB9CABD1AA31" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[1064,1227,1087,1113]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="panamensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1A77FB9CABD1AA31" box="[1064,1227,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">A. panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F0C5F1E1A8DFB9CAA33AA30" box="[1234,1321,1087,1113]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
the uterus extends from anterior margin of ovary to the level of anterior margin of the cirrus sac rather than extending from level of anterior margin of ovary to the posterior margin of the cirrus sac and curving porally as in the case of
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1BDBFB24AE05AAAC" authorityName="Brooks, Mayes &amp; Thorson" authorityYear="1981" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Discobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="arrhynchum">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1BDBFB24AE05AAAC" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">A. arrhynchum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or in
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1F01FB08AEF5AAAD" authorityName="Jensen" authorityYear="2001" box="[350,495,1195,1221]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="senticosus">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1F01FB08AEF5AAAD" box="[350,495,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">A. senticosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which extends from level of ootype to near the anterior margin of proglottid. Finally,
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1EC8FB6CAE36AA81" box="[151,300,1231,1257]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="panamesis">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1EC8FB6CAE36AA81" box="[151,300,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">A. panamesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also differs from
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1FABFB6CAD6FAA80" authorityName="Menoret, Mutti &amp; Ivanov" authorityYear="2017" box="[500,629,1231,1257]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ludmilae">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1FABFB6CAD6FAA80" box="[500,629,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">A. ludmilae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having external seminal vesicle rather than lacking.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

474
data/3B/4B/87/3B4B87A77F0C5F131EC8FA91ADE1AB3C.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,474 @@
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<mods:title id="D2333DE32B57CF9943D4D79A495FAEED">Two new American species of Aberrapex (Eucestoda: Lecanicephalidea: Aberrapecidae) from myliobatid stingrays (Batoidea: Myliobatidae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="3B4B87A77F0C5F131EC8FA91ADE1AB3C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11245461" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11245461" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B4B87A77F0C5F131EC8FA91ADE1AB3C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3B4B87A77F0C5F131EC8FA91ADE1AB3C" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="96" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
<subSubSection id="FBF8653A7F0C5F1E1EC8FA91AD0FAB24" box="[151,533,1330,1357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F0C5F1E1EC8FA91AD0FAB24" blockId="6.[151,533,1330,1393]" box="[151,533,1330,1357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
<heading id="E81581DD7F0C5F1E1EC8FA91AD0FAB24" bold="true" box="[151,533,1330,1357]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" reason="1">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1EC8FA91AD0FAB24" bold="true" box="[151,533,1330,1357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1EC8FA91AEABAB24" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,433,1330,1357]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="catarinensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1EC8FA91AEABAB24" bold="true" box="[151,433,1330,1357]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Aberrapex catarinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F0C5F1E1FE7FA90AD0FAB24" box="[440,533,1331,1357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBF8653A7F0C5F1E1EC8FAF4AEDAAB18" box="[151,448,1367,1393]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" type="description">
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F0C5F1E1EC8FAF4AEDAAB18" blockId="6.[151,533,1330,1393]" box="[151,448,1367,1393]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
(
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0C5F1E1EC0FAF4AE18AB18" box="[159,258,1367,1393]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[283,1306,186,1904]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[277,1310,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Light micrographs of the whole worms of Aberrapex spp. A—Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. (MZUSP 8050f, paratype). B—A. catarinensis sp. nov. (MZUSP 8046h, paratype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231243/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Figs. 3B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0C5F1E1F52FAF4AE2BAB18" box="[269,305,1367,1393]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1846,1870]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,489,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-153@7.[151,1435,489,1823]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Light micrographs of proglottids of Aberrapex spp. A–B—Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. A—terminal fully mature proglottids in which most testes are degenerated (MZUSP 8050b, paratype); B—detached gravid proglottid (MZUSP 8050q, paratype). C—Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov., terminal fully mature proglottids in which most testes are degenerated (MZUSP 8046d, paratype). Abbreviation: Esv. external seminal vesicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231245/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">4C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0C5F1E1F63FAF4AE98AB18" box="[316,386,1367,1393]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[186,1399,888,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-52@8.[183,1403,884,1858]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Micrographs of transversal histological sections of Aberrapex spp. A–B—Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. A— section at level of cirrus sac; B—section at level of ovary. C–D—A. catarinensis sp. nov. C—section at level of cirrus sac; D—section at level of ovary. Abbreviations: Cs. cirrus sac; O. ovary; Od. oviduct; T. testes; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231252" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231252/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">6C, D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0C5F1E1FD2FAF4AE87AB18" box="[397,413,1367,1393]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,191,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[215,1372,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Line drawings of Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov. from Myliobatis goodei Garman. A—scolex (MZUSP 8046e, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (MZUSP 8045, holotype); C—detail of ootype region, ventral view (MZUSP 8045, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231256/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">7</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0C5F1E1FF6FAF4AEADAB18" box="[425,439,1367,1393]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[152,255,1606,1630]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1583]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[151,1435,181,1583]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Scanning electron micrographs of Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov. from Myliobatis goodei Garman. A—scolex and most anterior immature proglottids; uppercase italic letters indicate location of details shown in C–E; B—bothridiate acetabulum; C—surface of the apex of the scolex; D—distal acetabular surface; E—proximal acetabular surface; F—surface of a mature proglottid." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231258/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">8</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBF8653A7F0C5F1E1EC8FA3CAFE9A8F8" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F0C5F1E1EC8FA3CABB6ABD0" blockId="6.[151,1437,1439,2041]" box="[151,1196,1439,1465]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1EC8FA3CAE0EABD0" bold="true" box="[151,276,1439,1465]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
<typeStatus id="6C5988137F0C5F1E1EC8FA3CAFC8ABD0" box="[151,210,1439,1465]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Type</typeStatus>
host:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1F44FA3CAD50ABD0" authority="Garman" authorityName="Garman" box="[283,586,1439,1465]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="goodei">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1F44FA3CAEFCABD0" box="[283,486,1439,1465]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Myliobatis goodei</emphasis>
Garman
</taxonomicName>
, southern eagle ray; (
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1D66FA3CACE6ABD0" authorityName="Compagno" authorityYear="1973" box="[825,1020,1439,1465]" class="Elasmobranchii" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Myliobatiformes</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1A5AFA3CABBAABD0" box="[1029,1184,1439,1465]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Myliobatidae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F0C5F1E1E98FA60AA3CABB4" blockId="6.[151,1437,1439,2041]" box="[199,1318,1474,1501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
<materialsCitation id="038A3CEC7F0C5F1E1E98FA60AA38ABB4" box="[199,1314,1474,1501]" country="Brazil" latitude="-29.050798" location="southwestern Atlantic" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-48.3256" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santa Catarina" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1E98FA60AE73ABB5" bold="true" box="[199,361,1474,1501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
<typeStatus id="6C5988137F0C5F1E1E98FA60AE18ABB4" box="[199,258,1475,1501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
</emphasis>
off
<collectingRegion id="7126F8537F0C5F1E1FC8FA60AD26ABB4" box="[407,572,1475,1501]" country="Brazil" name="Santa Catarina" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Santa Catarina</collectingRegion>
(
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,
<geoCoordinate id="D6D650767F0C5F1E1D57FA60ACDFABB4" box="[776,965,1475,1501]" degrees="48" direction="west" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" precision="1" seconds="32.16" value="-48.3256">48°19’32.16” W</geoCoordinate>
),
<collectingCountry id="CBF576217F0C5F1E1D87FA60AB05ABB4" box="[984,1055,1475,1501]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="B63D606A7F0C5F1E1A74FA60AA38ABB4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B4B87A77F0C5F131EC8FA91ADE1AB3C:B63D606A7F0C5F1E1A74FA60AA38ABB4" box="[1067,1314,1475,1501]" country="Brazil" latitude="-29.050798" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-48.3256" name="southwestern Atlantic" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" stateProvince="Santa Catarina">southwestern Atlantic</location>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F0C5F1E1E98FA45AD59A868" blockId="6.[151,1437,1439,2041]" box="[199,579,1510,1537]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1E98FA45AE91A869" bold="true" box="[199,395,1510,1536]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Site of infection:</emphasis>
Spiral intestine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F0C5F1E1E98F9A9AFE9A8F8" blockId="6.[151,1437,1439,2041]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1E98F9A9AEDDA84D" bold="true" box="[199,455,1546,1572]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Specimens deposited:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="038A3CEC7F0C5F1E1F91F9A8AC95A84C" box="[462,911,1546,1573]" collectionCode="MZUSP, HWML" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" specimenCode="MZUSP 8045, MZUSP 8046, MZUSP 8047, 8048, MZUSP 8049, HWML 217599- 217609" specimenCount="23" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="6C5988137F0C5F1E1F91F9A8AD2CA84C" box="[462,566,1547,1573]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(mature worm)
<specimenCode id="E3449ECA7F0C5F1E1CB2F9A8AC91A84C" box="[749,907,1546,1573]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">MZUSP 8045</specimenCode>
,
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="038A3CEC7F0C5F1E1DC9F9A8AFC4A820" collectionCode="MZUSP, HWML" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" specimenCode="MZUSP 8045, MZUSP 8046, MZUSP 8047, 8048, MZUSP 8049, HWML 217599- 217609" specimenCount="23" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="A5E4FD387F0C5F1E1DC9F9A8AB3EA84C" box="[918,1060,1547,1573]" count="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">12 paratypes</specimenCount>
(mature worms)
<specimenCode id="E3449ECA7F0C5F1E1AB9F9A8AA98A84C" box="[1254,1410,1547,1573]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">MZUSP 8046</specimenCode>
a– 8046l,
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="038A3CEC7F0C5F1E1EB7F98CADC3A820" box="[232,729,1583,1609]" collectionCode="MZUSP, HWML" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" specimenCode="MZUSP 8045, MZUSP 8046, MZUSP 8047, 8048, MZUSP 8049, HWML 217599- 217609" specimenCount="23" typeStatus="holotype">
two SEM strobilar vouchers
<specimenCode id="E3449ECA7F0C5F1E1C6BF98CADCFA820" box="[564,725,1583,1609]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">MZUSP 8047</specimenCode>
,
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="038A3CEC7F0C5F1E1CBCF98CAC38A820" box="[739,802,1583,1609]" collectionCode="MZUSP, HWML" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" specimenCode="MZUSP 8045, MZUSP 8046, MZUSP 8047, 8048, MZUSP 8049, HWML 217599- 217609" specimenCount="23" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCode id="E3449ECA7F0C5F1E1CBCF98CAC04A820" box="[739,798,1583,1609]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">8048</specimenCode>
,
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="038A3CEC7F0C5F1E1D73F98CAFF8A804" collectionCode="MZUSP, HWML" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" specimenCode="MZUSP 8045, MZUSP 8046, MZUSP 8047, 8048, MZUSP 8049, HWML 217599- 217609" specimenCount="23" typeStatus="holotype">
one voucher of proglottid cross-section series
<specimenCode id="E3449ECA7F0C5F1E1B1FF98CAFC8A804" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">MZUSP 8049</specimenCode>
a,
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="038A3CEC7F0C5F1E1EB3F9F0AC62A804" box="[236,888,1619,1645]" collectionCode="MZUSP, HWML" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" specimenCode="MZUSP 8045, MZUSP 8046, MZUSP 8047, 8048, MZUSP 8049, HWML 217599- 217609" specimenCount="23" typeStatus="holotype">
proglottid cross-section series
<specimenCode id="E3449ECA7F0C5F1E1C17F9F0ADFCA804" box="[584,742,1619,1645]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">MZUSP 8049</specimenCode>
b–8049e and
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="038A3CEC7F0C5F1E1DDEF9F0AFE9A8F8" collectionCode="MZUSP, HWML" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" specimenCode="MZUSP 8045, MZUSP 8046, MZUSP 8047, 8048, MZUSP 8049, HWML 217599- 217609" specimenCount="23" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="A5E4FD387F0C5F1E1DDEF9F0AB0BA804" box="[897,1041,1619,1645]" count="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">11 paratypes</specimenCount>
(mature worms)
<specimenCode id="E3449ECA7F0C5F1E1A86F9F0AFF5A8F8" collectionCode="HWML" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jbwg-23em" name="Howard W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">HWML 217599– 217609</specimenCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBF8653A7F0C5F1E1E98F938AE95A8B0" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F0C5F1E1E98F938AE95A8B0" blockId="6.[151,1437,1439,2041]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1E98F938AE48A8DC" bold="true" box="[199,338,1691,1717]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Etymology:</emphasis>
The specific epithet,
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0C5F1E1C10F938ADC2A8DD" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[591,728,1691,1716]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="catarinensis">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1C10F938ADC2A8DD" box="[591,728,1691,1716]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">catarinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, refers to the
<typeStatus id="6C5988137F0C5F1E1D20F938ACB5A8DC" box="[895,943,1691,1717]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">type</typeStatus>
locality of this species registered in
<collectingRegion id="7126F8537F0C5F1E1B01F938AE22A8B0" country="Brazil" name="Santa Catarina" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Santa Catarina State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="CBF576217F0C5F1E1F1CF91CAE91A8B0" box="[323,395,1727,1753]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBF8653A7F0C5F131E98F941AFC0AD50" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="96" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" type="description">
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F0C5F1E1E98F941AFC2A948" blockId="6.[151,1437,1439,2041]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0C5F1E1E98F941AE43A895" bold="true" box="[199,345,1762,1788]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Description.</emphasis>
Based on 24 complete mature worms, one cross-sectioned worm and
<specimenCount id="A5E4FD387F0C5F1E1A38F940AA16A894" box="[1127,1292,1763,1789]" count="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
prepared for SEM.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F0C5F1E1E98F888AD5DA9BC" blockId="6.[151,1437,1439,2041]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
Worms
<quantity id="741A9B547F0C5F1E1F41F889AEA9A92C" box="[286,435,1834,1861]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.68" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="2.16" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" unit="mm" value="3.68" valueMax="5.2" valueMin="2.16">2.16–5.2 mm</quantity>
(
<quantity id="741A9B547F0C5F1E1F9EF888AD3CA92C" box="[449,550,1835,1861]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.13" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" unit="mm" value="3.13">3.13 mm</quantity>
±
<quantity id="741A9B547F0C5F1E1C1CF888ADB0A92C" box="[579,682,1835,1861]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.299999999999999" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" unit="mm" value="0.83">0.83 mm</quantity>
; 24) long, maximum width at level of terminal proglottid (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0C5F1E1B68F888AA94A92C" box="[1335,1422,1835,1861]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[283,1306,186,1904]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[277,1310,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Light micrographs of the whole worms of Aberrapex spp. A—Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. (MZUSP 8050f, paratype). B—A. catarinensis sp. nov. (MZUSP 8046h, paratype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231243/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
), euapolytic, 36–65 (45 ± 7.2; 24) proglottids per worm. Scolex 125–157 (138 ± 8.7; 19) long, 217–253 (235 ± 10.7; 21) wide, consisting of four bothridiate acetabula; apical modification of scolex proper and apical organ absent (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0C5F1E1EC0F834AE19A9D8" box="[159,259,1943,1969]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,191,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[215,1372,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Line drawings of Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov. from Myliobatis goodei Garman. A—scolex (MZUSP 8046e, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (MZUSP 8045, holotype); C—detail of ootype region, ventral view (MZUSP 8045, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231256/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Figs. 7A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0C5F1E1F52F834AE4BA9D8" box="[269,337,1943,1969]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[152,255,1606,1630]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1583]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[151,1435,181,1583]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Scanning electron micrographs of Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov. from Myliobatis goodei Garman. A—scolex and most anterior immature proglottids; uppercase italic letters indicate location of details shown in C–E; B—bothridiate acetabulum; C—surface of the apex of the scolex; D—distal acetabular surface; E—proximal acetabular surface; F—surface of a mature proglottid." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231258/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">8A, B</figureCitation>
). Acetabula cup-shaped, 113–136 (124 ± 6.7; 20; 24) long, 102–135 (115 ± 8.5; 20; 24) wide (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0C5F1E1B3BF834AFA6A9BC" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,191,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[215,1372,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Line drawings of Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov. from Myliobatis goodei Garman. A—scolex (MZUSP 8046e, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (MZUSP 8045, holotype); C—detail of ootype region, ventral view (MZUSP 8045, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231256/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Figs. 7A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0C5F1E1E98F818AE17A9BC" box="[199,269,1979,2005]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[152,255,1606,1630]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1583]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[151,1435,181,1583]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Scanning electron micrographs of Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov. from Myliobatis goodei Garman. A—scolex and most anterior immature proglottids; uppercase italic letters indicate location of details shown in C–E; B—bothridiate acetabulum; C—surface of the apex of the scolex; D—distal acetabular surface; E—proximal acetabular surface; F—surface of a mature proglottid." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231258/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">8A, B</figureCitation>
). Cephalic peduncle absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F0C5F1F1E98F87CABCFAEBC" blockId="6.[151,1437,1439,2041]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,465]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
Apex of scolex covered with acicular filitriches (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0C5F1E1CB4F87CAC5EA990" box="[747,836,2015,2041]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[152,255,1606,1630]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1583]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[151,1435,181,1583]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Scanning electron micrographs of Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov. from Myliobatis goodei Garman. A—scolex and most anterior immature proglottids; uppercase italic letters indicate location of details shown in C–E; B—bothridiate acetabulum; C—surface of the apex of the scolex; D—distal acetabular surface; E—proximal acetabular surface; F—surface of a mature proglottid." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231258/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
). Proximal and distal acetabular surface covered with hastate spinitriches and acicular filitriches (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0D5F1F1CD2FF34AC16AED8" box="[653,780,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[152,255,1606,1630]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1583]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[151,1435,181,1583]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Scanning electron micrographs of Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov. from Myliobatis goodei Garman. A—scolex and most anterior immature proglottids; uppercase italic letters indicate location of details shown in C–E; B—bothridiate acetabulum; C—surface of the apex of the scolex; D—distal acetabular surface; E—proximal acetabular surface; F—surface of a mature proglottid." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231258/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Fig. 8D, E</figureCitation>
); hastate spinitriches only covering anterior 2/3 of distal acetabular surface (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0D5F1F1F2EFF18AED3AEBC" box="[369,457,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[152,255,1606,1630]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1583]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[151,1435,181,1583]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Scanning electron micrographs of Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov. from Myliobatis goodei Garman. A—scolex and most anterior immature proglottids; uppercase italic letters indicate location of details shown in C–E; B—bothridiate acetabulum; C—surface of the apex of the scolex; D—distal acetabular surface; E—proximal acetabular surface; F—surface of a mature proglottid." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231258/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
). Proglottids covered with acicular to capilliform filitriches (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0D5F1F1A2CFF18ABD2AEBC" box="[1139,1224,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[152,255,1606,1630]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1583]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[151,1435,181,1583]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Scanning electron micrographs of Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov. from Myliobatis goodei Garman. A—scolex and most anterior immature proglottids; uppercase italic letters indicate location of details shown in C–E; B—bothridiate acetabulum; C—surface of the apex of the scolex; D—distal acetabular surface; E—proximal acetabular surface; F—surface of a mature proglottid." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231258/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Fig. 8F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F0D5F1F1E98FF7CAE1FAFB8" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,465]" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">
Proglottids craspedote, weakly laciniate, with four laciniations (two dorsal, two ventral), less evident in mature proglottids (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0D5F1F1F40FEA0AE9AAF74" box="[287,384,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[283,1306,186,1904]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[277,1310,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Light micrographs of the whole worms of Aberrapex spp. A—Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. (MZUSP 8050f, paratype). B—A. catarinensis sp. nov. (MZUSP 8046h, paratype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231243/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Figs. 3B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0D5F1F1FD5FEA0AEB4AF74" box="[394,430,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,191,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[215,1372,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Line drawings of Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov. from Myliobatis goodei Garman. A—scolex (MZUSP 8046e, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (MZUSP 8045, holotype); C—detail of ootype region, ventral view (MZUSP 8045, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231256/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">7B</figureCitation>
). Immature proglottids 35–63 (43 ± 7.0; 24) in number, initially wider than long, becoming longer than wide with maturity; posterior-most immature proglottid 194–392 (314 ± 48.3; 24) long, 142–305 (229 ± 48.1; 24) wide. Mature proglottids 1–2 (
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0D5F1F1C25FEE8AD97AF0D" box="[634,653,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">N</emphasis>
= 24) in number; terminal mature proglottids in which testes are not degenerated 534–908 (701 ± 124.4; 19) long, 156–270 (216 ± 37.9; 19) wide (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0D5F1F1A6CFECCAB94AFE0" box="[1075,1166,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,191,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[215,1372,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Line drawings of Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov. from Myliobatis goodei Garman. A—scolex (MZUSP 8046e, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (MZUSP 8045, holotype); C—detail of ootype region, ventral view (MZUSP 8045, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231256/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
); terminal fully mature proglottids in which most testes are degenerated 796–1148 (983 ± 157.6; 5) long, 204–296 (240 ± 38.9; 5) wide (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F0D5F1F1EC0FE14AFE3AFB8" box="[159,249,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1846,1870]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,489,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-153@7.[151,1435,489,1823]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Light micrographs of proglottids of Aberrapex spp. A–B—Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. A—terminal fully mature proglottids in which most testes are degenerated (MZUSP 8050b, paratype); B—detached gravid proglottid (MZUSP 8050q, paratype). C—Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov., terminal fully mature proglottids in which most testes are degenerated (MZUSP 8046d, paratype). Abbreviation: Esv. external seminal vesicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231245/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="E79D66397F0D5F1F1EC7F895AC75A9D3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231245" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11231245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231245/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" startId="7.[152,255,1846,1870]" targetBox="[156,1430,489,1817]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F0D5F1F1EC7F895AC75A9D3" blockId="7.[151,1436,1846,1978]" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0D5F1F1EC7F895AE06A927" bold="true" box="[152,284,1846,1870]" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Light micrographs of proglottids of
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0D5F1F1CFCF895AC46A927" box="[675,860,1846,1870]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0D5F1F1CFCF895AC14A927" box="[675,782,1846,1870]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Aberrapex</emphasis>
spp. A
</taxonomicName>
–B—
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0D5F1F1DCCF895AB9AA927" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[915,1152,1846,1870]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="panamensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0D5F1F1DCCF895AB9AA927" box="[915,1152,1846,1870]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Aberrapex panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F0D5F1F1AD6F894ABC1A927" box="[1161,1243,1847,1870]" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A—terminal fully mature proglottids in which most testes are degenerated (MZUSP 8050b, paratype); B—detached gravid proglottid (MZUSP 8050q, paratype). C—
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F0D5F1F1F23F8DDAD70A9FF" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[380,618,1918,1942]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="catarinensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F0D5F1F1F23F8DDAD70A9FF" box="[380,618,1918,1942]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Aberrapex catarinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F0D5F1F1C2EF8DCADDBA9FF" box="[625,705,1919,1942]" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, terminal fully mature proglottids in which most testes are degenerated (MZUSP 8046d, paratype). Abbreviation: Esv. external seminal vesicle.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E79D66397F025F101EC7FC83AE40AD32" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231250" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11231250" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231250/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" startId="8.[152,255,800,824]" targetBox="[183,1403,181,776]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F025F101EC7FC83AE40AD32" blockId="8.[151,1436,800,860]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F025F101EC7FC83AE03AD51" bold="true" box="[152,281,800,824]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Light micrographs of cocoons of
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F025F101C29FC83AC7AAD51" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[630,864,800,824]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="panamensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F025F101C29FC83AC7AAD51" box="[630,864,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Aberrapex panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F025F101D38FC83ACADAD5E" box="[871,951,800,823]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A—tangle of strand-like cocoons. B—part of a strand-like cocoon.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E79D66397F025F101EC7F8F9AE5AA9B7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231252" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11231252" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231252/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" startId="8.[152,255,1882,1906]" targetBox="[186,1399,888,1856]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F025F101EC7F8F9AE5AA9B7" blockId="8.[151,1437,1882,2014]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F025F101EC7F8F9AE00A91B" bold="true" box="[152,282,1882,1906]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
Micrographs of transversal histological sections of
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F025F101D67F8F9ACF4A91B" box="[824,1006,1882,1906]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F025F101D67F8F9ACB9A91B" box="[824,931,1882,1906]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Aberrapex</emphasis>
spp. A
</taxonomicName>
–B—
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F025F101A7AF8F9AA0BA91B" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[1061,1297,1882,1906]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="panamensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F025F101A7AF8F9AA0BA91B" box="[1061,1297,1882,1906]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Aberrapex panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F025F101B46F8F8AA70A91B" box="[1305,1386,1883,1906]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A— section at level of cirrus sac; B—section at level of ovary. C–D—
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F025F101D15F8DCACFEA9FF" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[842,996,1919,1942]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="catarinensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F025F101D15F8DCACFEA9FF" box="[842,996,1919,1942]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">A. catarinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F025F101DB2F8DCAB24A9FF" box="[1005,1086,1919,1942]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
C—section at level of cirrus sac; D—section at level of ovary. Abbreviations: Cs. cirrus sac; O. ovary; Od. oviduct; T. testes; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E79D66397F035F111EC7F8E3AE71A9AC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231256" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11231256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231256/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" startId="9.[152,255,1856,1880]" targetBox="[215,1372,191,1823]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F035F111EC7F8E3AE71A9AC" blockId="9.[151,1436,1856,1989]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F035F111EC7F8E3AE00A930" bold="true" box="[152,282,1856,1881]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
Line drawings of
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F035F111F85F8E2ADD2A931" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[474,712,1857,1881]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="catarinensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F035F111F85F8E2ADD2A931" box="[474,712,1857,1881]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Aberrapex catarinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F035F111C8FF8E2AC3BA931" box="[720,801,1857,1880]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F035F111D3EF8E2AB88A930" authority="Garman. A" authorityName="Garman. A" box="[865,1170,1857,1881]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="goodei">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F035F111D3EF8E2AB00A930" box="[865,1050,1857,1881]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Myliobatis goodei</emphasis>
Garman. A
</taxonomicName>
—scolex (MZUSP 8046e, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (MZUSP 8045, holotype); C—detail of ootype region, ventral view (MZUSP 8045, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E79D66397F005F121EC7F9E5AE7BA8A2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231258" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11231258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231258/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="95" startId="10.[152,255,1606,1630]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1583]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F005F121EC7F9E5AE7BA8A2" blockId="10.[151,1436,1606,1739]" pageId="10" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F005F121EC7F9E5AE00A837" bold="true" box="[152,282,1606,1630]" pageId="10" pageNumber="95">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
Scanning electron micrographs of
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F005F121CD8F9E4AC6CA837" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[647,886,1607,1631]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="95" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="catarinensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F005F121CD8F9E4AC6CA837" box="[647,886,1607,1631]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="95">Aberrapex catarinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F005F121D21F9E4ACD5A837" box="[894,975,1607,1630]" pageId="10" pageNumber="95" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F005F121A50F9E4AA58A836" authority="Garman. A" authorityName="Garman. A" box="[1039,1346,1607,1631]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="goodei">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F005F121A50F9E4ABD3A836" box="[1039,1225,1607,1631]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="95">Myliobatis goodei</emphasis>
Garman. A
</taxonomicName>
—scolex and most anterior immature proglottids; uppercase italic letters indicate location of details shown in C–E; B—bothridiate acetabulum; C—surface of the apex of the scolex; D—distal acetabular surface; E—proximal acetabular surface; F—surface of a mature proglottid.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F005F131E98F8BEAE56AF28" blockId="10.[151,1437,1821,2027]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,1365]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="96" pageId="10" pageNumber="95">
Testes 12–26 (20 ± 3.1; 24) in number, 32–62 (48 ± 6.4; 24; 43) long, 61–97 (81 ± 9.1; 24; 43) wide in mature proglottids, arranged in 2–3 irregular columns in dorsoventral view (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F005F121DD2F8E2ACF9A932" box="[909,995,1857,1883]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,191,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[215,1372,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Line drawings of Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov. from Myliobatis goodei Garman. A—scolex (MZUSP 8046e, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (MZUSP 8045, holotype); C—detail of ootype region, ventral view (MZUSP 8045, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231256/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="95">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
), in single field extending from anterior margin of proglottid to ovary, slightly overlapping anterior margins of ovary, one row deep in cross-section (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F005F121B30F8C6AFA1A9CA" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[186,1399,888,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-52@8.[183,1403,884,1858]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Micrographs of transversal histological sections of Aberrapex spp. A–B—Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. A— section at level of cirrus sac; B—section at level of ovary. C–D—A. catarinensis sp. nov. C—section at level of cirrus sac; D—section at level of ovary. Abbreviations: Cs. cirrus sac; O. ovary; Od. oviduct; T. testes; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231252" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231252/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="95">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
), degenerated in some terminal mature proglottids (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F005F121CA8F82AAC55A9CA" box="[759,847,1929,1955]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1846,1870]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,489,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-153@7.[151,1435,489,1823]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Light micrographs of proglottids of Aberrapex spp. A–B—Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. A—terminal fully mature proglottids in which most testes are degenerated (MZUSP 8050b, paratype); B—detached gravid proglottid (MZUSP 8050q, paratype). C—Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov., terminal fully mature proglottids in which most testes are degenerated (MZUSP 8046d, paratype). Abbreviation: Esv. external seminal vesicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231245/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="95">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
). Vas deferens in maturing proglottids in form of thin tube, sinuous, extending along lateral margin of proglottid from ootype to cirrus sac, entering cirrus sac at distal end (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F005F121E90F872AE52A982" box="[207,328,2001,2027]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,191,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[215,1372,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Line drawings of Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov. from Myliobatis goodei Garman. A—scolex (MZUSP 8046e, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (MZUSP 8045, holotype); C—detail of ootype region, ventral view (MZUSP 8045, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231256/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="95">Fig. 7B, C</figureCitation>
); vas deferens in proglottids in which testes are degenerated enlarged to form conspicuous external seminal vesicle (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F015F131F0FFF34AEB2AED8" box="[336,424,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1846,1870]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,489,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-153@7.[151,1435,489,1823]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Light micrographs of proglottids of Aberrapex spp. A–B—Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. A—terminal fully mature proglottids in which most testes are degenerated (MZUSP 8050b, paratype); B—detached gravid proglottid (MZUSP 8050q, paratype). C—Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov., terminal fully mature proglottids in which most testes are degenerated (MZUSP 8046d, paratype). Abbreviation: Esv. external seminal vesicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231245/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
). External seminal vesicle extensive, sinuous, extending almost medially in proglottid from level of ootype to level of anterior margin of cirrus sac. Internal seminal vesicle absent. Cirrus sac pyriform, 75–140 (92 ± 18.1; 17) long, 33–80 (54 ± 12.2; 17) wide in mature proglottids with testes, 124–150 (136 ± 10.3; 5) long, 83–110 (92 ± 11.0; 5) wide in mature proglottids in which most testes are degenerated, containing coiled unarmed cirrus (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F015F131EB9FE84AE25AF28" box="[230,319,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,191,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[215,1372,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Line drawings of Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov. from Myliobatis goodei Garman. A—scolex (MZUSP 8046e, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (MZUSP 8045, holotype); C—detail of ootype region, ventral view (MZUSP 8045, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231256/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F015F131E98FEE8AA29AC54" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">
Ovary H-shaped in dorsoventral view (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F015F131C2BFEE8ADF2AF0C" box="[628,744,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,191,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[215,1372,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Line drawings of Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov. from Myliobatis goodei Garman. A—scolex (MZUSP 8046e, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (MZUSP 8045, holotype); C—detail of ootype region, ventral view (MZUSP 8045, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231256/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">Fig. 7B, C</figureCitation>
), tetralobed in cross-section (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F015F131A73FEE8AB9EAF0C" box="[1068,1156,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[152,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[186,1399,888,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-52@8.[183,1403,884,1858]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Micrographs of transversal histological sections of Aberrapex spp. A–B—Aberrapex panamensis sp. nov. A— section at level of cirrus sac; B—section at level of ovary. C–D—A. catarinensis sp. nov. C—section at level of cirrus sac; D—section at level of ovary. Abbreviations: Cs. cirrus sac; O. ovary; Od. oviduct; T. testes; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231252" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231252/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
), lobulated, symmetrical, 67–166 (106 ± 34.1; 17) long, 65–134 (90 ± 16.0; 17) wide in mature proglottids with testes; 161–339 (237 ± 74.5; 5) long, 89–125 (105 ± 15.2; 5) wide in mature proglottids in which most testes are degenerated; ovarian isthmus at middle of ovary. Mehlis’ gland at posterior margin of ovary (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F015F131D03FE14ACCFAFB8" box="[860,981,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,191,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[215,1372,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Line drawings of Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov. from Myliobatis goodei Garman. A—scolex (MZUSP 8046e, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (MZUSP 8045, holotype); C—detail of ootype region, ventral view (MZUSP 8045, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231256/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">Fig. 7B, C</figureCitation>
). Vagina slender, extending along lateral margin of proglottid from ootype to genital atrium, opening into genital atrium posterior to cirrus sac (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F015F131B49FE78AA95AF9C" box="[1302,1423,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,191,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[215,1372,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Line drawings of Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov. from Myliobatis goodei Garman. A—scolex (MZUSP 8046e, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (MZUSP 8045, holotype); C—detail of ootype region, ventral view (MZUSP 8045, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231256/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">Fig. 7B, C</figureCitation>
). Genital pores lateral, irregularly alternating, 72–80% (76% ± 2.3%; 19) of proglottid length from posterior margin in mature proglottids with testes, 77–85% (81% ± 3.0%; 5) in mature proglottids with degenerated testes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F015F131E98FDE4AFC0AD50" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">
Uterus saccate, sinuous, extending along midline of proglottid from anterior margin of ovary to level of posterior margin of cirrus sac, curved porally (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F015F131C1DFDC8AD81ACEC" box="[578,667,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,191,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[215,1372,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Line drawings of Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov. from Myliobatis goodei Garman. A—scolex (MZUSP 8046e, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (MZUSP 8045, holotype); C—detail of ootype region, ventral view (MZUSP 8045, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231256/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
); uterine duct not observed. Vitelline follicles in two columns (one dorsal, one ventral) on each lateral margin of proglottid, extending entire length of proglottid, interrupted by ovary and cirrus sac, slightly overlapping anterior and posterior margins of ovary (
<figureCitation id="2BD92A347F015F131DBBFD10AB41ACA4" box="[996,1115,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[215,1372,191,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[215,1372,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Line drawings of Aberrapex catarinensis sp. nov. from Myliobatis goodei Garman. A—scolex (MZUSP 8046e, paratype); B—mature proglottid, dorsal view (MZUSP 8045, holotype); C—detail of ootype region, ventral view (MZUSP 8045, holotype). Abbreviations: Mg. Mehlis’ gland; O. ovary; Oc. ovicapt; Od. oviduct; T. teste; V. vagina; Vd. vas deferens; Vit. vitelline follicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11231256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11231256/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">Fig. 7B, C</figureCitation>
); vitelline follicles 6–15 (9 ± 2.6; 19; 36) long, 10–34 (18 ± 6.2; 19; 36) wide in mature proglottids with testes, 10–13 (11 ± 1.1; 5; 10) long, 20–39 (27 ± 9.0; 5; 10) wide in mature proglottids with degenerated testes. Eggs not observed. Single pair of excretory ducts.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBF8653A7F015F131E98FCE0ADE1AB3C" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B35D36B17F015F131E98FCE0ADE1AB3C" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131E98FCE0AE21AD34" bold="true" box="[199,315,835,861]" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131F60FCE0AD59AD35" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[319,579,835,861]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="catarinensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131F60FCE0AD59AD35" box="[319,579,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">Aberrapex catarinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F015F131C18FCE0AD80AD34" box="[583,666,835,861]" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131DE3FCE0AB7AAD34" authorityName="Brooks, Mayes &amp; Thorson" authorityYear="1981" box="[956,1120,835,861]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Discobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="arrhynchum">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131DE3FCE0AB7AAD34" box="[956,1120,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">A. arrhynchum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131A34FCE0ABF0AD34" authorityName="Menoret, Mutti &amp; Ivanov" authorityYear="2017" box="[1131,1258,835,861]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ludmilae">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131A34FCE0ABF0AD34" box="[1131,1258,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">A. ludmilae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131AAAFCE0AA8FAD35" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[1269,1429,835,861]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="panamensis">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131AAAFCE0AA8FAD35" box="[1269,1429,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">A. panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131EC8FCC4AE3DADE9" authorityName="Jensen" authorityYear="2006" box="[151,295,871,897]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="manjajiae">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131EC8FCC4AE3DADE9" box="[151,295,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">A. manjajiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131F00FCC4AEE1ADE9" authorityName="Koch, Jensen &amp; Caira" authorityYear="2012" box="[351,507,871,897]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="weipaensis">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131F00FCC4AEE1ADE9" box="[351,507,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">A. weipaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the length of the scolex (125–157 long
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131DBBFCC4ACE1ADE9" box="[996,1019,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">vs</emphasis>
165–205, 160–190, 71–102, 82–101 and 40–63 long, respectively), and from
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131C35FC28ADE4ADCD" authorityName="Jensen" authorityYear="2001" box="[618,766,907,933]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="senticosus">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131C35FC28ADE4ADCD" box="[618,766,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">A. senticosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the width of the scolex (217–253 long
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131AB5FC28AA1BADCD" box="[1258,1281,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">vs</emphasis>
125–170). In addition, the vas deferens in
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131FBFFC0CAD93ADA1" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[480,649,943,969]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="catarinensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131FBFFC0CAEEBADA0" box="[480,497,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131C5FFC0CAD93ADA1" box="[512,649,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">catarinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F015F131CCDFC0CADF0ADA0" box="[658,746,943,969]" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
can be in form of an external seminal vesicle, whereas in
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131BDBFC0CAFE3AD84" authorityName="Menoret, Mutti &amp; Ivanov" authorityYear="2017" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ludmilae">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131BDBFC0CAFE3AD84" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">A. ludmilae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131F6BFC70AEC7AD84" authorityName="Brooks, Mayes &amp; Thorson" authorityYear="1981" box="[308,477,979,1005]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Discobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="arrhynchum">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131F6BFC70AEC7AD84" box="[308,477,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">A. arrhynchum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
an external seminal vesicle has not been observed.
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131A6CFC70AA21AD85" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[1075,1339,979,1005]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="catarinensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131A6CFC70AA21AD85" box="[1075,1339,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">Aberrapex catarinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F015F131B1BFC70AA87AD84" box="[1348,1437,979,1005]" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
can further be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131C47FC54ADB1AA79" authorityName="Jensen" authorityYear="2001" box="[536,683,1015,1041]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="senticosus">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131C47FC54ADB1AA79" box="[536,683,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">A. senticosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131CE5FC54AC44AA79" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[698,862,1015,1041]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="panamensis">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131CE5FC54ADD1AA78" box="[698,715,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131C85FC54AC44AA79" box="[730,862,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131D32FC54ACE7AA79" authorityName="Jensen" authorityYear="2006" box="[877,1021,1015,1041]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="manjajiae">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131D32FC54ACE7AA79" box="[877,1021,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">A. manjajiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131A6AFC54ABCAAA79" authorityName="Koch, Jensen &amp; Caira" authorityYear="2012" box="[1077,1232,1015,1041]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="weipaensis">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131A6AFC54ABCAAA79" box="[1077,1232,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">A. weipaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the microthrix pattern.
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131EAAFBB8AEE7AA5D" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[245,509,1051,1077]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="catarinensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131EAAFBB8AEE7AA5D" box="[245,509,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">Aberrapex catarinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F015F131C59FBB8AD44AA5C" box="[518,606,1051,1077]" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
has hastate spinitriches covering the anterior 2/3 of the distal acetabular surface, whereas in
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131F2DFB9CAD0EAA31" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[370,532,1087,1113]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="panamensis">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131F2DFB9CAE99AA30" box="[370,387,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131FCFFB9CAD0EAA31" box="[400,532,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131C16FB9CADC0AA31" authorityName="Jensen" authorityYear="2001" box="[585,730,1087,1113]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="senticosus">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131C16FB9CADC0AA31" box="[585,730,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">A. senticosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
hastate spinitriches cover the entire distal acetabular surface, in
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131EC8FBC0AE3DAA15" authorityName="Jensen" authorityYear="2006" box="[151,295,1123,1149]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="manjajiae">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131EC8FBC0AE3DAA15" box="[151,295,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">A. manjajiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the hastate spinitriches are restricted to the central region of the acetabula, and in
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131A95FBC0AA7EAA15" authorityName="Koch, Jensen &amp; Caira" authorityYear="2012" box="[1226,1380,1123,1149]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="weipaensis">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131A95FBC0AA7EAA15" box="[1226,1380,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">A. weipaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
they are lacking on the distal acetabular surface altogether.
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131D5CFB24AB10AAC9" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[771,1034,1159,1185]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="catarinensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131D5CFB24AB10AAC9" box="[771,1034,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">Aberrapex catarinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F015F131A4CFB24AB71AAC8" box="[1043,1131,1159,1185]" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131B5DFB24AA86AAC9" authorityName="Menoret, Mutti &amp; Ivanov" authorityYear="2017" box="[1282,1436,1159,1185]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sanmartini">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131B5DFB24AA86AAC9" box="[1282,1436,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">A. sanmartini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131E96FB08AE84AAAC" authorityName="Menoret, Mutti &amp; Ivanov" authorityYear="2017" box="[201,414,1195,1221]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="vitalemuttiorum">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131E96FB08AE84AAAC" box="[201,414,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">A. vitalemuttiorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on its greater number of proglottids (36–65
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131DB3FB08AB19AAAD" box="[1004,1027,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">vs</emphasis>
26–30 and 26–32, respectively). In addition, in
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131F7EFB6CAED1AA81" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" box="[289,459,1231,1257]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="catarinensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131F7EFB6CAE28AA80" box="[289,306,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131F1DFB6CAED1AA81" box="[322,459,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">catarinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F015F131F8CFB6CAD36AA80" box="[467,556,1231,1257]" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
the external seminal vesicle extends from ootype near the anterior margin of the cirrus sac, whereas in
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131F9DFB50AD8CAB64" authorityName="Menoret, Mutti &amp; Ivanov" authorityYear="2017" box="[450,662,1267,1293]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="vitalemuttiorum">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131F9DFB50AD8CAB64" box="[450,662,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">A. vitalemuttiorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
it extends from ootype to well anterior to the cirrus sac. Finally,
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131BDBFB50AE3AAB59" authority="Quadros, 2024" authorityName="Quadros" authorityYear="2024" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="catarinensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131BDBFB50AE3AAB59" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">A. catarinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA557D87F015F131F76FAB4AE9BAB58" box="[297,385,1303,1329]" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
also differs from
<taxonomicName id="74E24D327F015F131C0FFAB4ADF0AB59" authorityName="Menoret, Mutti &amp; Ivanov" authorityYear="2017" box="[592,746,1303,1329]" class="Cestoda" family="Aberrapecidae" genus="Aberrapex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecanicephalidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sanmartini">
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131C0FFAB4ADF0AB59" box="[592,746,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">A. sanmartini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on length of the terminal mature proglottids in which testes are not degenerated (534–908 long
<emphasis id="8196EAA37F015F131C35FA98AD9BAB3D" box="[618,641,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">vs</emphasis>
225–350).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

369
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@ -0,0 +1,369 @@
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName LSID="3B4BA2A5-1D0E-5328-958E-0201F0188814" authority="Curran" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Peradon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradon normalis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="normalis">Peradon normalis (Curran)</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 36–47" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 36 - 47. 36 - 46 Wings of Peradon species of the bidens - group: 36 P. bidens ♂ Suriname RMNH 37 P. bispina ♂ holotype 38 P. aurifascia ♂ holotype 39 P. angustiventris ♂ Suriname RMNH 40 P. angustus ♀ neotype 41 P. flavipennis ♀ holotype 42 P. normalis var. SUR- 17 B ♀ Suriname RMNH 43 P. normalis typical var. ♀ Suriname RMNH 44 P. pompiloides ♂ holotype 45 P. pompiloides ♀ paratype 46 P. niger ♂ holotype 47 Wing of P. palpator ♂ holotype (flavofascium group)" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures36-47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362280" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures36-47">Figs 42</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 36–47" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 36 - 47. 36 - 46 Wings of Peradon species of the bidens - group: 36 P. bidens ♂ Suriname RMNH 37 P. bispina ♂ holotype 38 P. aurifascia ♂ holotype 39 P. angustiventris ♂ Suriname RMNH 40 P. angustus ♀ neotype 41 P. flavipennis ♀ holotype 42 P. normalis var. SUR- 17 B ♀ Suriname RMNH 43 P. normalis typical var. ♀ Suriname RMNH 44 P. pompiloides ♂ holotype 45 P. pompiloides ♀ paratype 46 P. niger ♂ holotype 47 Wing of P. palpator ♂ holotype (flavofascium group)" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures36-47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362280" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures36-47">43</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 53–56" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 53 - 56. Tergite 4 of Peradon females 53 P. normalis typical variation (without grey pruinescence), French Guiana RMNH 54 P. normalis red variation (without grey pruinescence), Brazil LACM 55 P. pompiloides paratype (with large basomedian patch of pruinescence) 56 P. cf. sciarus (with large basal area of pruinescence) Peru CSCA." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures53-56" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362282" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures53-56">53</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 53–56" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 53 - 56. Tergite 4 of Peradon females 53 P. normalis typical variation (without grey pruinescence), French Guiana RMNH 54 P. normalis red variation (without grey pruinescence), Brazil LACM 55 P. pompiloides paratype (with large basomedian patch of pruinescence) 56 P. cf. sciarus (with large basal area of pruinescence) Peru CSCA." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures53-56" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362282" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures53-56">54</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 57–60" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 57 - 60. Tergite 2 - 3 of Peradon females in frontodorsal view 57 P. normalis typical morph, French Guiana RMNH 58 P. normalis red morph Brazil LACM 59 P. normalis SUR- 17 b morph Suriname RMNH 60 P. pompiloides paratype. Note the similar pattern of grey pruinescence on tergite 3 in all three colour morphs of P. normalis, with pruinescence limited to anterior 1 / 3 of tergite 3. In contrast, the grey pruinescence in P. pompiloides extends over a large part of tergite 3." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures57-60" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362283" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures57-60">57-59</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 61–66" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 61 - 66. 61, 62 Wing cell bm: 61 P. bidens 62 P. costaricensis 63, 64 Mesonotal transverse fascia: 63 medially interrupted (P. bidens) 64 complete (P. costaricensis) 65, 66 Wing cell br: 65 P. pompiloides (holotype) 66 P. normalis (Suriname RMNH)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures61-66" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362284" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures61-66">66</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 119–128" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 119 - 128. Dorsal habitus of Peradon species (bidens group) 119 P.? normalis ♂ Brazil Rondonia LACM 120 P. normalis typical morph ♀ French Guiana RMNH 121 P. normalis red morph ♀ Brazil Para LACM 122 P. normalis SUR- 17 b morph ♀ 123 P. niger ♂ holotype 124 P. niger ♀ (holotype M. manni Shannon) 125 P. flavipennis ♀ holotype 126 P. pompiloides ♂ holotype 127 P. pompiloides ♀ paratype 128 P. bispina ♂ Brazil CNC. Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures119-128" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362292" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures119-128">119-122</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 218–221" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figures 218 - 221. Peradon normalis female, holotype 218 habitus dorsal 219 habitus lateral 220 head frontal 221 thorax dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures218-221" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362308" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures218-221">218-221</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 268–273" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figures 268 - 273. Male genitalia of Peradon species 268 P. costaricensis paratype 269 P.? normalis Brazil Rondonia LACM 270 P. niger holotype 271 P. bispina holotype 272 P. pompiloides holotype 273 P. aurifascia Sao Paulo CNC." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures268-273" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362316" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures268-273">269</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdon normalis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="normalis">Microdon normalis</taxonomicName>
Curran, 1925: 343. Holotype ♀: Guyana (AMNH) [examined];
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.49898" author="Thompson, FC" journalOrPublisher="A catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 195" refId="B29" refString="Thompson, FC, Vockeroth, JR, Sedman, YS, 1976. Family Syrphidae. A catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States 46: 1 - 195" title="Family Syrphidae." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.49898" volume="46" year="1976">Thompson et al. 1976</bibRefCitation>
: 66.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Not
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdon normalis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="normalis">Microdon normalis</taxonomicName>
Curran of
<bibRefCitation author="Van Doesburg, PH" journalOrPublisher="Studies on the Fauna of Suriname and other Guyanas" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 33" refId="B31" refString="Van Doesburg, PH, 1962. Preliminary list of Syrphidae known from Suriname and British and French Guiana. Studies on the Fauna of Suriname and other Guyanas 5: 1 - 33" title="Preliminary list of Syrphidae known from Suriname and British and French Guiana." volume="5" year="1962">Van Doesburg 1962</bibRefCitation>
: 13,
<bibRefCitation author="Van Doesburg, PH" journalOrPublisher="Studies on the fauna of Suriname and other Guyanas" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 107" refId="B32" refString="Van Doesburg, PH, 1966. Syrphidae from Suriname. Additional records and descriptions. Studies on the fauna of Suriname and other Guyanas 9: 61 - 107" title="Syrphidae from Suriname. Additional records and descriptions." volume="9" year="1966">1966</bibRefCitation>
: 83.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Peradon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradon normalis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="normalis">Peradon normalis</taxonomicName>
(Curran):
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.288.4095" author="Reemer, M" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 213" refId="B25" refString="Reemer, M, Stahls, G, 2013a. Generic revision and species classification of the Microdontinae (Diptera, Syrphidae). ZooKeys 288: 1 - 213" title="Generic revision and species classification of the Microdontinae (Diptera, Syrphidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.288.4095" volume="288" year="2013 a">
Reemer and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ståhls">Stahls</normalizedToken>
2013a
</bibRefCitation>
: 146.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Peradon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradon" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Peradon</taxonomicName>
SUR-17a of
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/22119434-00002035" author="Reemer, M" journalOrPublisher="Tijdschrift voor Entomologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 57" refId="B24" refString="Reemer, M, 2014. A review of Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Surinam, with a key to the Neotropical genera. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 157: 27 - 57" title="A review of Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Surinam, with a key to the Neotropical genera." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/22119434-00002035" volume="157" year="2014">Reemer 2014</bibRefCitation>
: 47.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Peradon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradon" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Peradon</taxonomicName>
SUR-17b of
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/22119434-00002035" author="Reemer, M" journalOrPublisher="Tijdschrift voor Entomologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 57" refId="B24" refString="Reemer, M, 2014. A review of Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Surinam, with a key to the Neotropical genera. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 157: 27 - 57" title="A review of Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Surinam, with a key to the Neotropical genera." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/22119434-00002035" volume="157" year="2014">Reemer 2014</bibRefCitation>
: 47.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="studied type specimens">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Studied type specimens.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Guyana •1 ♀, holotype of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdon normalis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="normalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Microdon normalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Curran; Demara River, West Bank; 9 Feb. 1923; AMNH. Label 1: &quot;W. Bank, Dem. R. / 9-ii-1923&quot;; label 2 (red): &quot;TYPE / Microdon / normalis / Curran&quot;; label 3: &quot;Microdon / normalis / Det. C.H. Curran&quot;. Coll. AMNH. Type locality according to
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222932508633318" author="Curran, CH" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B3" refString="Curran, CH, 1925. .https://doi.org/10.1080/00222932508633318" url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222932508633318" year="1925">Curran (1925)</bibRefCitation>
: West Bank Demarara River.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="additional specimens of typical morph">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional specimens of typical morph.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Brazil • 1 ♀;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
, Guama; 8 May 1956; E. Lobato leg.; MZUSP.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
French Guiana • 1 ♀; Roura, Kaw Road, PK37 (km 37), Relais Patawa;
<geoCoordinate degrees="04" direction="north" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="43" value="4.5452776">04°32'43&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="52" direction="west" minutes="09" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="09" value="-52.1525">52°09'09&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
; Nov. 2008; J.A. Cerda leg.; RMNH.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Suriname • 1 ♀; Brownsberg;
<geoCoordinate degrees="04" direction="north" minutes="56" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="45" value="4.945833">04°56'45&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="55" direction="west" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="59" value="-55.183056">55°10'59&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
; 2 Apr. 2006; M. Reemer leg.; RMNH [previously published as
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Peradon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradon" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peradon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
SUR-17a by
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/22119434-00002035" author="Reemer, M" journalOrPublisher="Tijdschrift voor Entomologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 57" refId="B24" refString="Reemer, M, 2014. A review of Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Surinam, with a key to the Neotropical genera. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 157: 27 - 57" title="A review of Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Surinam, with a key to the Neotropical genera." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/22119434-00002035" volume="157" year="2014">Reemer 2014</bibRefCitation>
].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="additional specimens of red morph">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional specimens of red morph.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Brazil • 1 ♀;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
; Baker leg.; LACM.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="additional specimens of sur-17b morph">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional specimens of SUR-17b morph.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brazil • 1 ♀; Amazonas, Cepiac, Manaus; 3 Apr. 1977; INPA.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Suriname • 1 ♀; Brownsberg;
<geoCoordinate degrees="04" direction="north" minutes="56" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="45" value="4.945833">04°56'45&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="55" direction="west" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="59" value="-55.183056">55°10'59&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
; 2 Apr. 2006; M. Reemer leg.; RMNH [previously published as
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Peradon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradon" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peradon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
SUR-17b by
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/22119434-00002035" author="Reemer, M" journalOrPublisher="Tijdschrift voor Entomologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 57" refId="B24" refString="Reemer, M, 2014. A review of Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Surinam, with a key to the Neotropical genera. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 157: 27 - 57" title="A review of Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Surinam, with a key to the Neotropical genera." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/22119434-00002035" volume="157" year="2014">Reemer 2014</bibRefCitation>
].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="additional specimens of p. cf. normalis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Additional specimens of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. normalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="normalis">P. cf. normalis</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brazil • 1 ♂; Rondonia, 62 km SE Ariquemes; 8-20 Nov. 1994; W.J. Hanson leg.; LACM.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Body length: male 13 mm (based on
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. normalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="normalis">P. cf. normalis</taxonomicName>
), female 11-17 mm. In the concept presented here,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Peradon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradon normalis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="normalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peradon normalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a very variable species in colouration. In females, three colour morphs are recognized. In the typical morph the abdomen and legs are black and the wings are blackish with a subapical yellow marking (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 36–47" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 36 - 47. 36 - 46 Wings of Peradon species of the bidens - group: 36 P. bidens ♂ Suriname RMNH 37 P. bispina ♂ holotype 38 P. aurifascia ♂ holotype 39 P. angustiventris ♂ Suriname RMNH 40 P. angustus ♀ neotype 41 P. flavipennis ♀ holotype 42 P. normalis var. SUR- 17 B ♀ Suriname RMNH 43 P. normalis typical var. ♀ Suriname RMNH 44 P. pompiloides ♂ holotype 45 P. pompiloides ♀ paratype 46 P. niger ♂ holotype 47 Wing of P. palpator ♂ holotype (flavofascium group)" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures36-47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362280" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures36-47">Figs 43</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 119–128" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 119 - 128. Dorsal habitus of Peradon species (bidens group) 119 P.? normalis ♂ Brazil Rondonia LACM 120 P. normalis typical morph ♀ French Guiana RMNH 121 P. normalis red morph ♀ Brazil Para LACM 122 P. normalis SUR- 17 b morph ♀ 123 P. niger ♂ holotype 124 P. niger ♀ (holotype M. manni Shannon) 125 P. flavipennis ♀ holotype 126 P. pompiloides ♂ holotype 127 P. pompiloides ♀ paratype 128 P. bispina ♂ Brazil CNC. Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures119-128" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362292" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures119-128">120</figureCitation>
). In the red morph the abdomen and legs are red, and the wings are coloured as in the typical morph (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 119–128" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 119 - 128. Dorsal habitus of Peradon species (bidens group) 119 P.? normalis ♂ Brazil Rondonia LACM 120 P. normalis typical morph ♀ French Guiana RMNH 121 P. normalis red morph ♀ Brazil Para LACM 122 P. normalis SUR- 17 b morph ♀ 123 P. niger ♂ holotype 124 P. niger ♀ (holotype M. manni Shannon) 125 P. flavipennis ♀ holotype 126 P. pompiloides ♂ holotype 127 P. pompiloides ♀ paratype 128 P. bispina ♂ Brazil CNC. Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures119-128" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362292" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures119-128">Fig. 121</figureCitation>
). In morph SUR-17b the abdomen and legs are black, and the wings are yellow basally with a blackish subapical marking, almost a photo negative of the typical variation (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 36–47" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 36 - 47. 36 - 46 Wings of Peradon species of the bidens - group: 36 P. bidens ♂ Suriname RMNH 37 P. bispina ♂ holotype 38 P. aurifascia ♂ holotype 39 P. angustiventris ♂ Suriname RMNH 40 P. angustus ♀ neotype 41 P. flavipennis ♀ holotype 42 P. normalis var. SUR- 17 B ♀ Suriname RMNH 43 P. normalis typical var. ♀ Suriname RMNH 44 P. pompiloides ♂ holotype 45 P. pompiloides ♀ paratype 46 P. niger ♂ holotype 47 Wing of P. palpator ♂ holotype (flavofascium group)" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures36-47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362280" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures36-47">Figs 42</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 119–128" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 119 - 128. Dorsal habitus of Peradon species (bidens group) 119 P.? normalis ♂ Brazil Rondonia LACM 120 P. normalis typical morph ♀ French Guiana RMNH 121 P. normalis red morph ♀ Brazil Para LACM 122 P. normalis SUR- 17 b morph ♀ 123 P. niger ♂ holotype 124 P. niger ♀ (holotype M. manni Shannon) 125 P. flavipennis ♀ holotype 126 P. pompiloides ♂ holotype 127 P. pompiloides ♀ paratype 128 P. bispina ♂ Brazil CNC. Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures119-128" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362292" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures119-128">122</figureCitation>
). In all of these variations, the alula is largely bare and cell br is largely bare posteriad of the vena spuria. These characters separate
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. normalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="normalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. normalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the other species with blackish wings and subapical yellow wing markings:
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. bispina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bispina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. bispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. niger" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="niger">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. niger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. pompiloides" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pompiloides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. pompiloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Morph SUR-17b resembles
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Peradon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradon flavipennis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipennis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peradon flavipennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in wing colouration, but differs from that species by the more extensive yellow in the wing and the different position of the dark cloud in the wing, as described in the key. Additional characters distinguishing females of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. normalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="normalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. normalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from females of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. pompiloides" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pompiloides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. pompiloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. sciarus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sciarus">P. cf. sciarus</taxonomicName>
are the absence of a basomedian patch of greyish pruinescence on tergite 4 (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 53–56" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 53 - 56. Tergite 4 of Peradon females 53 P. normalis typical variation (without grey pruinescence), French Guiana RMNH 54 P. normalis red variation (without grey pruinescence), Brazil LACM 55 P. pompiloides paratype (with large basomedian patch of pruinescence) 56 P. cf. sciarus (with large basal area of pruinescence) Peru CSCA." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures53-56" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362282" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures53-56">Figs 53</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 53–56" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 53 - 56. Tergite 4 of Peradon females 53 P. normalis typical variation (without grey pruinescence), French Guiana RMNH 54 P. normalis red variation (without grey pruinescence), Brazil LACM 55 P. pompiloides paratype (with large basomedian patch of pruinescence) 56 P. cf. sciarus (with large basal area of pruinescence) Peru CSCA." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures53-56" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362282" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures53-56">54</figureCitation>
), and the presence of greyish pruinescence on the basal 1/3 of tergite 3 (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 57–60" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 57 - 60. Tergite 2 - 3 of Peradon females in frontodorsal view 57 P. normalis typical morph, French Guiana RMNH 58 P. normalis red morph Brazil LACM 59 P. normalis SUR- 17 b morph Suriname RMNH 60 P. pompiloides paratype. Note the similar pattern of grey pruinescence on tergite 3 in all three colour morphs of P. normalis, with pruinescence limited to anterior 1 / 3 of tergite 3. In contrast, the grey pruinescence in P. pompiloides extends over a large part of tergite 3." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures57-60" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362283" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures57-60">Figs 57-59</figureCitation>
). These characters are only visible when viewing from a frontal angle. The male is not known with certainty. One male specimen from Brazil (Rondonia) is here preliminarily assigned to
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. normalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="normalis">P. cf. normalis</taxonomicName>
because of the partly bare alula and wing cell br, and the presence of small, not interconnected yellow marks in the wing apex (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 119–128" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 119 - 128. Dorsal habitus of Peradon species (bidens group) 119 P.? normalis ♂ Brazil Rondonia LACM 120 P. normalis typical morph ♀ French Guiana RMNH 121 P. normalis red morph ♀ Brazil Para LACM 122 P. normalis SUR- 17 b morph ♀ 123 P. niger ♂ holotype 124 P. niger ♀ (holotype M. manni Shannon) 125 P. flavipennis ♀ holotype 126 P. pompiloides ♂ holotype 127 P. pompiloides ♀ paratype 128 P. bispina ♂ Brazil CNC. Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures119-128" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362292" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures119-128">Fig. 119</figureCitation>
). Genitalia as in
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 268–273" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figures 268 - 273. Male genitalia of Peradon species 268 P. costaricensis paratype 269 P.? normalis Brazil Rondonia LACM 270 P. niger holotype 271 P. bispina holotype 272 P. pompiloides holotype 273 P. aurifascia Sao Paulo CNC." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures268-273" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362316" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures268-273">Fig. 269</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The typical colour morph and the red morph are considered conspecific because of the identical morphology, including the patterns of the wing microtrichosity. The pattern of greyish pruinescence on tergite 3 is also similar in both colour forms (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 57–60" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 57 - 60. Tergite 2 - 3 of Peradon females in frontodorsal view 57 P. normalis typical morph, French Guiana RMNH 58 P. normalis red morph Brazil LACM 59 P. normalis SUR- 17 b morph Suriname RMNH 60 P. pompiloides paratype. Note the similar pattern of grey pruinescence on tergite 3 in all three colour morphs of P. normalis, with pruinescence limited to anterior 1 / 3 of tergite 3. In contrast, the grey pruinescence in P. pompiloides extends over a large part of tergite 3." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures57-60" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362283" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures57-60">Figs 57-59</figureCitation>
). A similar case of colour variation is found in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Peradon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradon bidens" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peradon bidens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In the case of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Peradon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradon" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peradon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
SUR-17b of
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/22119434-00002035" author="Reemer, M" journalOrPublisher="Tijdschrift voor Entomologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 57" refId="B24" refString="Reemer, M, 2014. A review of Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Surinam, with a key to the Neotropical genera. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 157: 27 - 57" title="A review of Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Surinam, with a key to the Neotropical genera." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/22119434-00002035" volume="157" year="2014">Reemer (2014)</bibRefCitation>
, the barcode is identical to that of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Peradon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradon" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peradon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
SUR-17a (see paragraph
<taxonomicName genus="Barcode" lsidName="Barcode results" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="results">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Barcode results</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Peradon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradon" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peradon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
SUR-17b does not agree in morphology and colouration with any described species, but
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P." pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
SUR-17a corresponds with the type of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. normalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="normalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. normalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in all morphological and colour characters, except that it is smaller (body length 11 instead of 17 mm). The specimen of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Peradon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradon" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peradon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
SUR-17a is identical in morphology and body size to
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P." pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
SUR-17b. Both specimens of
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P." pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
SUR-17a and
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P." pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
SUR-17b were collected at exactly the same locality within five minutes on the same day (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/22119434-00002035" author="Reemer, M" journalOrPublisher="Tijdschrift voor Entomologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 57" refId="B24" refString="Reemer, M, 2014. A review of Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Surinam, with a key to the Neotropical genera. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 157: 27 - 57" title="A review of Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Surinam, with a key to the Neotropical genera." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/22119434-00002035" volume="157" year="2014">Reemer 2014</bibRefCitation>
). Combined with the identical barcodes and identical morphology this suggests that the specimens belong to the same species, so both are here assigned to
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. normalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="normalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. normalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Extra support for this conclusion is provided by the similar pattern of greyish pruinescence on tergite 3 (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 57–60" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 57 - 60. Tergite 2 - 3 of Peradon females in frontodorsal view 57 P. normalis typical morph, French Guiana RMNH 58 P. normalis red morph Brazil LACM 59 P. normalis SUR- 17 b morph Suriname RMNH 60 P. pompiloides paratype. Note the similar pattern of grey pruinescence on tergite 3 in all three colour morphs of P. normalis, with pruinescence limited to anterior 1 / 3 of tergite 3. In contrast, the grey pruinescence in P. pompiloides extends over a large part of tergite 3." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures57-60" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362283" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.896.36493.figures57-60">Figs 57-59</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
In the only male specimen assigned to
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. normalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="normalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. normalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the yellow wing markings are not interconnected, so they do not form one large subapical macula as is found in the females of the typical variation. However, such sexual dimorphism in which the yellow wing colouration is less extensive in the male is also known from other species of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Peradon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradon" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peradon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, such as
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. chrysopygus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="chrysopygus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. chrysopygus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. flavofascium" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="flavofascium">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. flavofascium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. luridescens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="luridescens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. luridescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Whether this male specimen really belongs to
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. normalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="normalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. normalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can only be resolved based on additional material, which is currently unavailable.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The only known specimen of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Peradon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peradon flavipennis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipennis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peradon flavipennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
only differs from
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. normalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="normalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. normalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in wing colouration. Therefore, it seems possible that
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. flavipennis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="flavipennis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. flavipennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is merely a colour form of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. normalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="normalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. normalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Without any further specimens or DNA data available, however, it seems premature to change the taxonomic status of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. flavipennis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="flavipennis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. flavipennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Known from the Brazilian states
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
and Rondonia, French Guiana, Peru, and Suriname.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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(
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(
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<emphasis id="8196CB276C12FFDC94F5BBC2FE82FE4E" box="[151,347,400,423]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Carterica pygmaea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D7736AC46C12FFDC9500BBC2FDC9FE4E" author="Bates, H. W." box="[354,528,399,424]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" refId="ref7520" refString="Bates, H. W. (1881) Longicornia, Fam. Cerambycidae [continuation]. In: Godman, F. D. &amp; Salvin, O. (Eds.), Biologia Centrali- Americana, Insecta, Coleoptera. Vol. 5. Taylor and Francis, London, pp. 153 - 224." type="book" year="1881">Bates, 1881: 186</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C12FFDC94F5BBFDFE9FFE2F" ID-CoL="BJXBZ" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[151,326,431,454]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Piriana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pygmaea">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C12FFDC94F5BBFDFE9FFE2F" box="[151,326,431,454]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Piriana pygmaea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D7736AC46C12FFDC9536BBFCFDACFE2F" author="Santos-Silva, A. &amp; Galileo, M. H. M. &amp; McClarin, J." box="[340,629,430,454]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref7921" refString="Santos-Silva, A., Galileo, M. H. M. &amp; McClarin, J. (2018) Division of the genera Sparna Thomson, 1864 and Carterica Pascoe, 1858 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Colobotheini), with description of six new genera and eight new species. Zootaxa, 4407 (1), 1 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4407.1.1" type="journal article" year="2018">
Santos-Silva
<emphasis id="8196CB276C12FFDC95B8BBFDFDD4FE2F" box="[474,525,430,454]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">et al.</emphasis>
, 2018: 11
</bibRefCitation>
. This species was described based on a single specimen from
<collectingCountry id="CBF557A56C15FFDB9738BAC5FC08FF58" box="[858,977,151,177]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
. Currently, it is known from
<collectingCountry id="CBF557A56C15FFDB9140BAC5FA41FF58" box="[1314,1432,151,177]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="CBF557A56C15FFDB94F5BAE9FECDFF3C" box="[151,276,187,213]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="CBF557A56C15FFDB952DBAE9FE71FF3C" box="[335,424,187,213]" name="Panama" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">Panama</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D7736AC46C15FFDB95D4BAE9FD92FF3C" author="Monne, M. A." box="[438,587,187,213]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" refId="ref7875" refString="Monne, M. A. (2022) Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae. Available from: https: // cerambycids. com / catalog / (accessed 8 August 2022.)" type="url" year="2022">Monné 2022</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D7736AC46C15FFDB9637BAE9FC69FF3C" author="Tavakilian, G. L. &amp; Chevillotte, H." box="[597,944,187,213]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" refId="ref7999" refString="Tavakilian, G. L. &amp; Chevillotte, H. (2022) Titan: base de donnees internationales sur les Cerambycidae ou Longicornes. Available from: http: // titan. gbif. fr / (Last accessed 13 August 2022)" type="url" year="2022">Tavakilian &amp; Chevillotte 2022</bibRefCitation>
). The only difference we found between the
<typeStatus id="6C59A9976C15FFDB94F5BA8DFF20FF10" box="[151,249,223,249]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and other specimens examined by us is that the head is entirely black, while in the other specimens the frons and a wide band on vertex are orangish brown. However, as no other morphological differences were found, we think this chromatic difference is just a specific variation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="E79D47BD6C12FFDC94FABDDDFAA3F822" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260410" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7260410" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260410/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" startId="11.[152,270,1935,1959]" targetBox="[156,1432,487,1902]" targetPageId="11">
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<emphasis id="8196CB276C12FFDC94FABDDDFE53F84E" bold="true" box="[152,394,1935,1959]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">FIGURES 22–25. 22)</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C12FFDC95F7BDDDFD57F84E" authority="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva, 2022" authorityName="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva" authorityYear="2022" box="[405,654,1935,1959]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Scythropopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C12FFDC95F7BDDDFD57F84E" box="[405,654,1935,1959]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Scythropopsis variegata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA5765C6C12FFDC96FABDC2FD34F84E" box="[664,749,1936,1959]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype female, dorsal habitus.
<emphasis id="8196CB276C12FFDC9037BDDDFB45F84E" bold="true" box="[1109,1180,1935,1959]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">23–24)</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C12FFDC90C5BDC2FE4AF825" authority="Martins &amp; Galileo, 2007" authorityName="Martins &amp; Galileo" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Unaporanga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanceolate">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C12FFDC90C5BDC2FA44F84E" box="[1191,1437,1935,1959]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Unaporanga lanceolate</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D7736AC46C12FFDC94F5BDE1FE4AF825" author="Martins, U. R. &amp; Galileo, M. H. M." box="[151,403,1971,1996]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" pagination="1145 - 1149" refId="ref7749" refString="Martins, U. R. &amp; Galileo, M. H. M. (2007) Novos taxons em Hemilophini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 24 (4), 1145 - 1149. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81752007000400035" type="journal article" year="2007">Martins &amp; Galileo, 2007</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, dorsal habitus:
<emphasis id="8196CB276C12FFDC965ABDE1FD80F822" bold="true" box="[568,601,1971,1995]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">23)</emphasis>
Male;
<emphasis id="8196CB276C12FFDC96C3BDE1FD1AF822" bold="true" box="[673,707,1971,1995]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">24)</emphasis>
Female.
<emphasis id="8196CB276C12FFDC9743BDE1FC9BF822" bold="true" box="[801,834,1971,1995]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">25)</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C12FFDC972BBDE6FB50F825" authority="(Bates, 1881)" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[841,1161,1972,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Piriana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pygmaea">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C12FFDC972BBDE6FC2EF822" box="[841,1015,1972,1995]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Piriana pygmaea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D7736AC46C12FFDC9067BDE6FB5BF825" author="Bates, H. W." box="[1029,1154,1972,1996]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" refId="ref7520" refString="Bates, H. W. (1881) Longicornia, Fam. Cerambycidae [continuation]. In: Godman, F. D. &amp; Salvin, O. (Eds.), Biologia Centrali- Americana, Insecta, Coleoptera. Vol. 5. Taylor and Francis, London, pp. 153 - 224." type="book" year="1881">Bates, 1881</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, female, dorsal habitus.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<emphasis id="8196CB276C15FFDB94A5BB18FE6BFE8D" bold="true" box="[199,434,330,356]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="038A1D686C15FFDB95D8BB19FEB2FE60" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3962320305" collectionCode="VI" collectorName="El Septimo Paraiso Hotel" country="Ecuador" elevation="1600" location="El Septimo Paraiso Hotel" municipality="Mindo" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Pichincha">
<collectingCountry id="CBF557A56C15FFDB95D8BB19FD98FE8C" box="[442,577,331,357]" name="Ecuador" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
(
<emphasis id="8196CB276C15FFDB9631BB19FC98FE8C" bold="true" box="[595,833,331,357]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">new country record</emphasis>
),
<emphasis id="8196CB276C15FFDB973BBB19FC12FE8C" box="[857,971,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">
<collectingRegion id="7126D9D76C15FFDB973BBB19FC12FE8C" box="[857,971,331,357]" country="Ecuador" name="Pichincha" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">Pichincha</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="53398D4F6C15FFDB97B9BB19FBF0FE8C" box="[987,1065,331,357]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">Mindo</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectorName id="1E1772E36C15FFDB9057BB19FA81FE8C" box="[1077,1368,331,357]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">
<location id="B63D41EE6C15FFDB9057BB19FA81FE8C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B4BA6236C12FFDB94F5BB75FD6CFE60:B63D41EE6C15FFDB9057BB19FA81FE8C" box="[1077,1368,331,357]" country="Ecuador" municipality="Mindo" name="El Septimo Paraiso Hotel" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" stateProvince="Pichincha">El Septimo Paraiso Hotel</location>
</collectorName>
,
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<elevation id="38CFF0066C15FFDB9106BB19FF76FE60" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<specimenCount id="A5E4DCBC6C15FFDB94D9BB3DFEC6FE60" box="[187,287,367,393]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
,
<date id="C75C31F56C15FFDB9548BB3DFEB2FE60" box="[298,363,367,393]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" value="2021-06-17">
17.
<collectionCode id="D5F38FF06C15FFDB9528BB3DFEB2FE60" box="[330,363,367,393]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">VI</collectionCode>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="038A1D686C15FFDB9509BB3DFD68FE60" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3962320301" box="[363,689,367,393]" collectionCode="JVCO" collectorName="J. Vlasak" country="Ecuador" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" specimenCount="1">
.2021,
<collectorName id="1E1772E36C15FFDB95DABB3DFDC7FE60" box="[440,542,367,393]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">J. Vlasak</collectorName>
leg. (
<collectionCode id="D5F38FF06C15FFDB963FBB3DFD70FE60" box="[605,681,367,393]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">JVCO</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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155
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<emphasis id="8196CB276C15FFDB94F5B832FE6CFD93" bold="true" box="[151,437,607,634]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">Unaporanga lanceolata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D7736AC46C15FFDB95DFB832FD35FD93" author="Martins, U. R. &amp; Galileo, M. H. M." box="[445,748,608,634]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" pagination="1145 - 1149" refId="ref7749" refString="Martins, U. R. &amp; Galileo, M. H. M. (2007) Novos taxons em Hemilophini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 24 (4), 1145 - 1149. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81752007000400035" type="journal article" year="2007">Martins &amp; Galileo, 2007</bibRefCitation>
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(
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)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<emphasis id="8196CB276C15FFDB94F5B89BFE53FD09" box="[151,394,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">Unaporanga lanceolata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D7736AC46C15FFDB95F2B89AFD15FD08" author="Martins, U. R. &amp; Galileo, M. H. M." box="[400,716,712,737]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" pagination="1145 - 1149" refId="ref7749" refString="Martins, U. R. &amp; Galileo, M. H. M. (2007) Novos taxons em Hemilophini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 24 (4), 1145 - 1149. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81752007000400035" type="journal article" year="2007">Martins &amp; Galileo, 2007: 1148</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D17356C15FFDB94F5B95DFC1BFC50" blockId="12.[151,1437,783,1025]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">
<materialsCitation id="038A1D686C15FFDB94F5B95DFC67FC50" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3962320306" country="Ecuador" county="This" location="However" municipality="The" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Los Rios" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCounty id="5A3C6FB96C15FFDB94F5B95DFF10FCC0" box="[151,201,783,809]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">This</collectingCounty>
species was described based on a single female from
<collectingCountry id="CBF557A56C15FFDB977DB95DFCA5FCC0" box="[799,892,783,809]" name="Ecuador" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="7126D9D76C15FFDB97E9B95DFC2CFCC0" box="[907,1013,783,809]" country="Ecuador" name="Los Rios" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">Los Ríos</collectingRegion>
).
<collectingMunicipality id="53398D4F6C15FFDB9065B95DFBEAFCC0" box="[1031,1075,783,809]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">The</collectingMunicipality>
general pubescent pattern of the female from
<collectingCountry id="CBF557A56C15FFDB9547B961FE5BFCA4" box="[293,386,819,845]" name="Ecuador" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="7126D9D76C15FFDB95EDB961FDD8FCA4" box="[399,513,819,845]" country="Ecuador" name="Pichincha" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">Pichincha</collectingRegion>
) examined by us (
<figureCitation id="2BD90BB06C15FFDB96ABB961FCC0FCA4" box="[713,793,819,845]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–25. 22" captionStartId="11.[152,270,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[156,1432,487,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-51@11.[151,1436,478,1911]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 22–25. 22) Scythropopsis variegata sp. nov., paratype female, dorsal habitus. 23–24) Unaporanga lanceolate Martins &amp; Galileo, 2007, dorsal habitus: 23) Male; 24) Female. 25) Piriana pygmaea (Bates, 1881), female, dorsal habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260410" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260410/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
) agrees well with that of the
<typeStatus id="6C59A9976C15FFDB9034B961FB61FCA4" box="[1110,1208,819,845]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(see photographs on
<bibRefCitation id="D7736AC46C15FFDB94F5B905FEFCFC98" author="Bezark, L. G." box="[151,293,855,881]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" refId="ref7580" refString="Bezark, L. G. (2022) A photographic Catalog of the Cerambycidae of the World. New World Cerambycidae Catalog. Available from: http: // bezbycids. com / byciddb / wdefault. asp? w = n / (Last accessed 8 August 2022)" type="url" year="2022">Bezark 2022</bibRefCitation>
and in the original description).
<location id="B63D41EE6C15FFDB96F0B905FD23FC98" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B4BA6236C15FFDB94F5B832FBFAFBE8:B63D41EE6C15FFDB96F0B905FD23FC98" box="[658,762,855,881]" country="Ecuador" county="This" municipality="The" name="However" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" stateProvince="Los Rios">However</location>
, the pronotal and elytral pubescent pattern in the
<typeStatus id="6C59A9976C15FFDB9143B905FA5AFC98" box="[1313,1411,855,881]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is noticeably different from that in the male examined by us (
<figureCitation id="2BD90BB06C15FFDB9748B929FCA6FC7C" box="[810,895,891,917]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–25. 22" captionStartId="11.[152,270,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[156,1432,487,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-51@11.[151,1436,478,1911]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 22–25. 22) Scythropopsis variegata sp. nov., paratype female, dorsal habitus. 23–24) Unaporanga lanceolate Martins &amp; Galileo, 2007, dorsal habitus: 23) Male; 24) Female. 25) Piriana pygmaea (Bates, 1881), female, dorsal habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260410" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260410/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
). However, as the
<specimenCount id="A5E4DCBC6C15FFDB902FB929FB2AFC7C" box="[1101,1267,891,917]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
were collected at the same place, there is no doubt that they belong to the same species
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBF844BE6C15FFDB94A5B990FBFAFBE8" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B35D17356C15FFDB94A5B990FBFAFBE8" blockId="12.[151,1437,783,1025]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C15FFDB94A5B990FE68FC35" bold="true" box="[199,433,962,988]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="038A1D686C15FFDB95DAB991FBC6FBE8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3962320307" collectingDate="2021-06-18" collectionCode="MZSP, JVCO" collectorName="El Septimo Paraiso Hotel &amp; J. Vlasak" country="Ecuador" elevation="1600" location="El Septimo Paraiso Hotel" municipality="Mindo" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Pichincha">
<collectingCountry id="CBF557A56C15FFDB95DAB991FD9BFC34" box="[440,578,963,989]" name="Ecuador" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
,
<emphasis id="8196CB276C15FFDB962CB991FD19FC34" box="[590,704,963,989]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">
<collectingRegion id="7126D9D76C15FFDB962CB991FD19FC34" box="[590,704,963,989]" country="Ecuador" name="Pichincha" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">Pichincha</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="8196CB276C15FFDB96B3B991FC1EFC34" bold="true" box="[721,967,962,989]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">new province record</emphasis>
):
<collectingMunicipality id="53398D4F6C15FFDB97BDB991FBF4FC34" box="[991,1069,963,989]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">Mindo</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectorName id="1E1772E36C15FFDB905AB991FA81FC34" box="[1080,1368,963,989]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">
<location id="B63D41EE6C15FFDB905AB991FA81FC34" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B4BA6236C15FFDB94F5B832FBFAFBE8:B63D41EE6C15FFDB905AB991FA81FC34" box="[1080,1368,963,989]" country="Ecuador" municipality="Mindo" name="El Septimo Paraiso Hotel" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" stateProvince="Pichincha">El Septimo Paraiso Hotel</location>
</collectorName>
,
<quantity id="741ABAD06C15FFDB9106B991FF76FBE8" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" unit="m" value="1600.0">
<elevation id="38CFF0066C15FFDB9106B991FF76FBE8" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<specimenCount id="A5E4DCBC6C15FFDB94D9B9B5FED0FBE8" box="[187,265,999,1025]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A5E4DCBC6C15FFDB9576B9B5FEA1FBE8" box="[276,376,999,1025]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
,
<date id="C75C31F56C15FFDB95E6B9B5FDDFFBE8" box="[388,518,999,1025]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" value="2021-06-18">
<collectingDate id="D718C81D6C15FFDB95E6B9B5FDDFFBE8" box="[388,518,999,1025]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" value="2021-06-18">18.VI.2021</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E1772E36C15FFDB9673B9B5FDAEFBE8" box="[529,631,999,1025]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">J. Vlasak</collectorName>
leg. (
<collectionCode id="D5F38FF06C15FFDB96D4B9B5FCD9FBE8" box="[694,768,999,1025]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9yp6-zxp9" name="Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="12" pageNumber="259" type="Museum">MZSP</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="D5F38FF06C15FFDB9754B9B5FCA6FBE8" box="[822,895,999,1025]" pageId="12" pageNumber="259">JVCO</collectionCode>
, respectively)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

233
data/3B/4B/A6/3B4BA6236C18FFD394F5BEF8FCC6FD18.xml Normal file
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<mods:title id="105450152BF78CD260C66D49BB6756A2">New species and new geographical records in Ecuadorian Lamiinae (Coleoptera Cerambycidae)</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="B35D17356C18FFD694F5BEF8FDDBFB2C" blockId="1.[151,514,1194,1257]" box="[151,514,1194,1221]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
<heading id="E815A0596C18FFD694F5BEF8FDDBFB2C" bold="true" box="[151,514,1194,1221]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" reason="1">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C18FFD694F5BEF8FDDBFB2C" bold="true" box="[151,514,1194,1221]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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<emphasis id="8196CB276C18FFD694F5BEF8FE44FB2C" bold="true" box="[151,413,1194,1221]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Pseudosparna pallida</emphasis>
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(
<figureCitation id="2BD90BB06C18FFD694FDBE9DFEDBFB00" box="[159,258,1230,1257]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–5" captionStartId="2.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[182,1405,179,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[181,1406,179,1917]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–5. Pseudosparna pallida sp. nov., holotype female: 1) Dorsal habitus; 2) Ventral habitus; 3) Lateral habitus; 4) Head, frontal view; 5) Prosternal and mesoventral processes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260400/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Figs 1–5</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D17356C18FFD694F5BF44FC94F954" blockId="1.[151,1437,1302,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C18FFD694F5BF44FDD5FAD9" bold="true" box="[151,524,1302,1329]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
Description.
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female.
</emphasis>
Integument mostly dark brown; ventral mouthparts reddish brown, except palpomeres mostly black with yellowish-brown apex; anteclypeus mostly reddish brown; anterior area of labrum dark yellowish brown; antennomere IV dark brown on basal ninth, pale yellow toward area after middle, then gradually dark brown toward apex (reddish brown close to the pale-yellow region); antennomere V dark brown basally and apically, reddish brown on wide central area; antennomeres VI–VIII reddish brown on wide basal area and apex, dark brown near apex; antennomeres IX–XI dark brown, except reddish apex. Pronotum with longitudinal wide dark orangish-brown band on each side of central region, not reaching sides. Prosternum orangish brown close to procoxal cavities; prosternal process orangish brown. Elytra with longitudinal, wide dark orangish-brown band dorsally, from base to after middle, reaching lateral curvature, except brown area located about middle, close to lateral curvature. Mesoventrite and mesoventral process dark reddish brown. Pro- and mesocoxae, trochanters, profemoral peduncle, basal area of ventral surface of profemoral club, meso- and metafemoral peduncles pale yellow; metacoxae mostly brown with yellowish-brown apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D17356C18FFD494A5BC95FEA4FD6C" blockId="1.[151,1437,1302,2013]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="250" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C18FFD694A5BC95FED7F908" bold="true" box="[199,270,1735,1761]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Head.</emphasis>
Frons abundantly, minutely punctate; with abundant grayish-white pubescence not obscuring integument, more yellowish centrally toward vertex; with a few long, erect dark-brown setae close to eyes. Antennal tubercles mostly with brownish pubescence not obscuring integument.Vertex and area behind upper eye lobes with sculpturing as on frons, except smooth central area between antennal tubercles and upper eye lobes; with dense yellowishbrown pubescence, except on smooth area and sparser brownish pubescent area on each side of posterior region of vertex; with a few long, erect dark-brown setae close to eyes. Area behind lower eye lobes with abundant paleyellow pubescence, pubescence less dense than behind upper eye lobes; with a few long, erect dark-brown setae close to eye. Genae with abundant yellowish-white pubescence partially obscuring integument, and a few long, erect dark-brown setae interspersed. Wide central area of postclypeus with somewhat sparse, bristly, both short and long yellowish setae, and one long, erect, thick dark seta on each side. Sides of postclypeus glabrous. Labrum with abundant yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument close to anteclypeus, almost glabrous anteriorly, except fringe of yellowish-brown setae on anterior margin; with sparse, long, erect yellowish setae interspersed posteriorly, and a few long, erect dark setae interspersed on sides of this region. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.33 times distance between outer margins of eyes; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.61 times distance between outer margins of eyes. Antennae 2.3 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at posterior third of antennomere VI. Scape with dark pubescence partially not obscuring integument, except yellowish pubescence on basal half of ventral surface; with moderately abundant, long, erect dark setae ventrally. Pedicel and antennomeres III–XI with abundant whitish pubescence not obscuring integument; pedicel and antennomeres III-IV with sparse, long, erect, thick dark setae ventrally; antennomeres III–VIII with short dark setae on dorsal apex; antennomeres V–VI with short dark setae on ventral apex; antennomere IV not tumid. Antennal formula based on length of antennomere III: scape = 1.37; pedicel = 0.12; IV = 0.91; V = 0.74; VI = 0.73; VII = 0.68; VIII = 0.65; IX = 0.65; X = 0.65; XI = 0.57.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E79D47BD6C1BFFD594FABDC5FCD9F83A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260400" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7260400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260400/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" startId="2.[152,270,1943,1967]" targetBox="[182,1405,179,1917]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="B35D17356C1BFFD594FABDC5FCD9F83A" blockId="2.[151,1437,1943,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1BFFD594FABDC5FE9BF846" bold="true" box="[152,322,1943,1967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">FIGURES 1–5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C1BFFD5952BBDCAFDF0F859" authority="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva, 2022" authorityName="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva" authorityYear="2022" box="[329,553,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Pseudosparna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1BFFD5952BBDCAFDF0F859" box="[329,553,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Pseudosparna pallida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA5765C6C1BFFD59653BDCAFD5AF846" box="[561,643,1944,1967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype female:
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1BFFD59723BDC5FC8FF846" bold="true" box="[833,854,1943,1967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">1)</emphasis>
Dorsal habitus;
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1BFFD59062BDC5FBCCF846" bold="true" box="[1024,1045,1943,1967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">2)</emphasis>
Ventral habitus;
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1BFFD590A6BDC5FB00F846" bold="true" box="[1220,1241,1943,1967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">3)</emphasis>
Lateral habitus;
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1BFFD591E5BDC5FA44F846" bold="true" box="[1415,1437,1943,1967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">4)</emphasis>
Head, frontal view;
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1BFFD59500BDE9FEAEF83A" bold="true" box="[354,375,1979,2003]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">5)</emphasis>
Prosternal and mesoventral processes.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B35D17356C1AFFD494A5B8DDFC20F99C" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1AFFD494A5B8DDFEFEFD40" bold="true" box="[199,295,655,681]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Thorax.</emphasis>
Prothorax wider than long; sides slightly divergent from anterolateral angles to lateral tubercles, then convergent toward posterolateral angles; lateral tubercles located near posterior sixth, with acute apex slightly directed backward. Pronotum abundantly, minutely punctate, except coarse punctures near posterior margin, forming two transverse rows centrally; with abundant yellow pubescence almost obscuring integument laterally, slightly sparser and not reaching posterior margin centrally, and more yellowish-white close to lateral tubercles of prothorax, except one wide longitudinal band with sparse brownish pubescence on each side of middle, from base to apex. Sides of prothorax abundantly, minutely punctate; with dense, longitudinal yellow pubescent band close to pronotum and prosternum, the last one narrower, sparse brownish pubescence on remaining surface. Prosternum abundantly, minutely punctate; with somewhat abundant whitish pubescence not obscuring integument. Narrowest area of prosternal process not laminiform, 0.13 times procoxal width. Ventral surface of meso- and metathorax with dense yellow pubescence laterally, slightly sparser and yellowish white on wide central area. Narrowest area of mesoventral process 0.17 times mesocoxal width. Scutellum with dense yellowish-brown pubescence, except sparser and shorter dark pubescence on sides of base.
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1AFFD49779BE6DFCB7FBB0" bold="true" box="[795,878,1087,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Elytra.</emphasis>
Abundantly, coarsely punctate on anterior half, punctures gradually finer and sparser toward apex on posterior half; with dense yellowish-brown pubescence, except: brownish pubescent band near suture, from base to near apex, slightly wider on anterior quarter, shortly widened close to posterior third, and oblique on its posterior fifth; narrow, slightly arched brownish pubescent band on dorsal side of posterior third; brownish pubescent band laterally, from base to posterior fifth, not reaching epipleural margin, superior margin of this area sinuous; and sparse yellowish pubescence on narrow longitudinal band on side of dorsal surface, from humerus to before middle, and on brownish macula on sides of middle (this macula fused with the apex of band with sparse pubescence). With sparse, long, erect dark setae dorsally and outer margin of posterior third. Apex obliquely truncate; outer angle spiniform.
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1AFFD497ADBF0DFBD7FA90" bold="true" box="[975,1038,1375,1401]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Legs.</emphasis>
Pro- and mesofemora pedunculateclavate; metafemora slightly, gradually widened toward apex; base of femora slightly arched; with abundant whitish pubescence on light area, yellowish brown on dark area. Basal third of protibiae with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence, pubescence gradually sparser and darker dorsally and laterally on remaining surface, dense, bristly and yellowish brown on posterior 2/3 of ventral surface; with sparse, short, thick dark setae interspersed dorsally and laterally, especially on posterior third. Meso- and metatibiae with brownish pubescence on basal 2/3, darker, more bristly on posterior third; with short, thick dark setae interspersed, more abundant dorsally on posterior third of mesotibiae. Metatarsomere I almost as long as twice length of II–III together.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D17356C1AFFD494A5BC2CFBBBF954" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1AFFD494A5BC2CFE9AF971" bold="true" box="[199,323,1662,1688]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Ventrites with abundant grayish-white pubescence not obscuring integument, pubescence slightly yellower laterally; apex of ventrite 5 strongly concave, making outer angles spiniform.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D17356C1AFFD494A5BC94FADAF8EC" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1AFFD494A5BC94FE47F909" bold="true" box="[199,414,1734,1760]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Dimensions (mm)</emphasis>
. Total length, 6.90; prothoracic length, 1.10; anterior prothoracic width, 1.05; posterior prothoracic width, 1.20; maximum prothoracic width, 1.45; humeral width, 1.65; elytral length, 5.10.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBF844BE6C1AFFD494ACBD5DFE41F8A4" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B35D17356C1AFFD494ACBD5DFE41F8A4" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1AFFD494ACBD5DFEA5F8C1" bold="true" box="[206,380,1806,1833]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="038A1D686C1AFFD495E1BD5DFE41F8A4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3962320308" collectingDate="2021-08-01" collectingDateMax="2021-08-03" collectingDateMin="2021-08-01" collectionCode="MZSP" collectorName="J. Vlasak" country="Ecuador" elevation="600" location="Pinas" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="El Oro" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="6C59A9976C1AFFD495E1BD5DFE32F8C0" box="[387,491,1807,1833]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female from
<collectingCountry id="CBF557A56C1AFFD496E6BD5DFCD7F8C0" box="[644,782,1807,1833]" name="Ecuador" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
,
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1AFFD4977BBD5DFCBCF8C0" box="[793,869,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
<collectingRegion id="7126D9D76C1AFFD4977BBD5DFCBCF8C0" box="[793,869,1807,1833]" country="Ecuador" name="El Oro" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">El Oro</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<quantity id="741ABAD06C1AFFD49716BD5DFC67F8C0" box="[884,958,1807,1833]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" unit="m" value="600.0">
<elevation id="38CFF0066C1AFFD49716BD5DFC67F8C0" box="[884,958,1807,1833]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, rt. 585,
<quantity id="741ABAD06C1AFFD49043BD5CFBB0F8C0" box="[1057,1129,1806,1833]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
W of
<location id="B63D41EE6C1AFFD490CDBD5DFB37F8C0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B4BA6236C18FFD394F5BEF8FCC6FD18:B63D41EE6C1AFFD490CDBD5DFB37F8C0" box="[1199,1262,1807,1833]" country="Ecuador" name="Pinas" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" stateProvince="El Oro">Piñas</location>
,
<date id="C75C31F56C1AFFD49098BD5DFA4EF8C0" box="[1274,1431,1807,1833]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" value="2021-08-01" valueMax="2021-08-03" valueMin="2021-08-01">
<collectingDate id="D718C81D6C1AFFD49098BD5DFA4EF8C0" box="[1274,1431,1807,1833]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" value="2021-08-01" valueMax="2021-08-03" valueMin="2021-08-01">1-3.VIII.2021</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E1772E36C1AFFD494F5BD61FF27F8A4" box="[151,254,1843,1869]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">J. Vlasak</collectorName>
leg. (
<collectionCode id="D5F38FF06C1AFFD4955FBD61FE55F8A4" box="[317,396,1843,1869]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9yp6-zxp9" name="Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" type="Museum">MZSP</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBF844BE6C1AFFD494A5BD05FED8F87C" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="B35D17356C1AFFD494A5BD05FED8F87C" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1AFFD494A5BD05FE97F898" bold="true" box="[199,334,1879,1905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific epithet “pallida” (Latin, meaning pale) refers to the overall pale appearance of the
<typeStatus id="6C59A9976C1AFFD494F5BD29FF24F87C" box="[151,253,1915,1941]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBF844BE6C1AFFD394A5BDCDFCC6FD18" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="251" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B35D17356C1AFFD394A5BDCDFCC6FD18" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,753]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="251" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1AFFD494A5BDCDFEE2F850" bold="true" box="[199,315,1951,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C1AFFD4952BBDCDFD9EF850" authority="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva, 2022" authorityName="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva" authorityYear="2022" box="[329,583,1951,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Pseudosparna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1AFFD4952BBDCDFD9EF850" box="[329,583,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Pseudosparna pallida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA5765C6C1AFFD49634BDCDFD6DF850" box="[598,692,1951,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C1AFFD49701BDCDFAB8F850" authority="Mermudes &amp; Monne, 2009" authorityName="Mermudes &amp; Monne" authorityYear="2009" box="[867,1377,1951,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Pseudosparna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteolineata">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1AFFD49701BDCDFBD5F850" box="[867,1036,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">P. luteolineata</emphasis>
Mermudes &amp; Monné, 2009
</taxonomicName>
(see photographs in the original description and on
<bibRefCitation id="D7736AC46C1AFFD496F5BD91FC99F834" author="Bezark, L. G." box="[663,832,1987,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" refId="ref7580" refString="Bezark, L. G. (2022) A photographic Catalog of the Cerambycidae of the World. New World Cerambycidae Catalog. Available from: http: // bezbycids. com / byciddb / wdefault. asp? w = n / (Last accessed 8 August 2022)" type="url" year="2022">Bezark (2022))</bibRefCitation>
but differs as follows: Body proportionally wider (
<figureCitation id="2BD90BB06C1AFFD3910DBD91FF7DFF58" captionStart="FIGURES 1–5" captionStartId="2.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[182,1405,179,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[181,1406,179,1917]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–5. Pseudosparna pallida sp. nov., holotype female: 1) Dorsal habitus; 2) Ventral habitus; 3) Lateral habitus; 4) Head, frontal view; 5) Prosternal and mesoventral processes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260400/files/figure.png" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="251" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
); antennomere IV not slightly tumid; elytral pubescent pattern more complex, not formed by a single longitudinal pubescent band; elytral apex distinctly obliquely truncate, covered with yellow pubescence; and femoral clubs slender. Although we did not examine specimens of
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C1DFFD3969CBA8DFC7DFF10" authorityName="Mermudes &amp; Monne" authorityYear="2009" box="[766,932,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Pseudosparna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteolineata">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1DFFD3969CBA8DFC7DFF10" box="[766,932,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">P. luteolineata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it is possible to see in the photographs of the
<typeStatus id="6C59A9976C1DFFD394A1BB51FEFCFEF4" box="[195,293,259,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(original description) and some
<typeStatus id="6C59A9976C1DFFD396FDBB51FCD3FEF4" box="[671,778,259,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D7736AC46C1DFFD39779BB51FC69FEF4" author="Bezark, L. G." box="[795,944,259,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" refId="ref7580" refString="Bezark, L. G. (2022) A photographic Catalog of the Cerambycidae of the World. New World Cerambycidae Catalog. Available from: http: // bezbycids. com / byciddb / wdefault. asp? w = n / (Last accessed 8 August 2022)" type="url" year="2022">Bezark 2022</bibRefCitation>
) that the antennomere IV is slightly tumid in both sexes, a feature not mentioned in the original description; body proportionally slender; elytral pubescent pattern formed by a single longitudinal pubescent band (variable in length); elytral apex, at most, slightly obliquely truncate, covered with dark pubescence; and femoral clubs stouter. In
<specimenCount id="A5E4DCBC6C1DFFD397CCBB3DFBE7FE60" box="[942,1086,367,393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">one paratype</specimenCount>
(female specimen deposited at the Utah State University) illustrated on
<bibRefCitation id="D7736AC46C1DFFD39637BBC1FD2CFE44" author="Bezark, L. G." box="[597,757,403,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" refId="ref7580" refString="Bezark, L. G. (2022) A photographic Catalog of the Cerambycidae of the World. New World Cerambycidae Catalog. Available from: http: // bezbycids. com / byciddb / wdefault. asp? w = n / (Last accessed 8 August 2022)" type="url" year="2022">Bezark (2022)</bibRefCitation>
the antennomere IV is not tumid. Usually, this type of feature is not variable, which may suggest that it does not belong to
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C1DFFD3972ABBE5FC33FE38" authorityName="Mermudes &amp; Monne" authorityYear="2009" box="[840,1002,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Pseudosparna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteolineata">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1DFFD3972ABBE5FC33FE38" box="[840,1002,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">P. luteolineata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Furthermore, comparing the antennal length of the new species with the
<typeStatus id="6C59A9976C1DFFD3964ABB89FD51FE1C" box="[552,648,475,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
female from
<collectingCountry id="CBF557A56C1DFFD39744BB89FC5AFE1C" box="[806,899,475,501]" name="Ecuador" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="7126D9D76C1DFFD397F6BB89FBDEFE1C" box="[916,1031,475,501]" country="Ecuador" name="Pichincha" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">Pichincha</collectingRegion>
, Namagalito) (See
<bibRefCitation id="D7736AC46C1DFFD39081BB89FAAEFE1C" author="Bezark, L. G." box="[1251,1399,475,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" refId="ref7580" refString="Bezark, L. G. (2022) A photographic Catalog of the Cerambycidae of the World. New World Cerambycidae Catalog. Available from: http: // bezbycids. com / byciddb / wdefault. asp? w = n / (Last accessed 8 August 2022)" type="url" year="2022">Bezark 2022</bibRefCitation>
), it is possible to see that the antennae are distinctly longer (including the length of the antennomere III). However, comparing with the
<typeStatus id="6C59A9976C1DFFD39519B871FE02FDD4" box="[379,475,547,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
“female” deposited at the
<collectingRegion id="7126D9D76C1DFFD3976BB871FC59FDD4" box="[777,896,547,573]" country="United States of America" name="Utah" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">Utah State</collectingRegion>
University (
<collectingRegion id="7126D9D76C1DFFD3906FB871FB91FDD4" box="[1037,1096,547,573]" country="United States of America" name="Utah" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">Utah</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="CBF557A56C1DFFD39036B871FB57FDD4" box="[1108,1166,547,573]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">USA</collectingCountry>
) (see
<bibRefCitation id="D7736AC46C1DFFD390B1B871FABFFDD4" author="Bezark, L. G." box="[1235,1382,547,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" refId="ref7580" refString="Bezark, L. G. (2022) A photographic Catalog of the Cerambycidae of the World. New World Cerambycidae Catalog. Available from: http: // bezbycids. com / byciddb / wdefault. asp? w = n / (Last accessed 8 August 2022)" type="url" year="2022">Bezark 2022</bibRefCitation>
), the antennal lengths are similar, although the body width and the femoral clubs are different.
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C1DFFD390C1B815FA45FD88" authority="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva, 2022" authorityName="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva" authorityYear="2022" box="[1187,1436,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Pseudosparna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1DFFD390C1B815FA45FD88" box="[1187,1436,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">Pseudosparna pallida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA5765C6C1DFFD394F5B839FF37FD6C" box="[151,238,619,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is also similar to
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C1DFFD395D7B839FC82FD6C" authority="Mermudes &amp; Monne, 2009" authorityName="Mermudes &amp; Monne" authorityYear="2009" box="[437,859,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Pseudosparna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aragua">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1DFFD395D7B839FDFBFD6D" box="[437,546,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">P. aragua</emphasis>
Mermudes &amp; Monné, 2009
</taxonomicName>
(see photographs in the original description and on
<bibRefCitation id="D7736AC46C1DFFD394F5B8DDFE9CFD40" author="Bezark, L. G." box="[151,325,655,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" refId="ref7580" refString="Bezark, L. G. (2022) A photographic Catalog of the Cerambycidae of the World. New World Cerambycidae Catalog. Available from: http: // bezbycids. com / byciddb / wdefault. asp? w = n / (Last accessed 8 August 2022)" type="url" year="2022">Bezark (2022))</bibRefCitation>
, but differs by the elytral pubescent pattern, with dark longitudinal band along entire suture (with two subelliptical dark bands close to suture in
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C1DFFD396C1B8E1FCC9FD25" authorityName="Mermudes &amp; Monne" authorityYear="2009" box="[675,784,691,716]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Pseudosparna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aragua">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1DFFD396C1B8E1FCC9FD25" box="[675,784,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">P. aragua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and elytra with long and erect setae throughout (present only on the posterior half of lateral margins in
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C1DFFD396C0B885FCD7FD19" authorityName="Mermudes &amp; Monne" authorityYear="2009" box="[674,782,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Pseudosparna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aragua">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1DFFD396C0B885FCD7FD19" box="[674,782,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">P. aragua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="7CD61B348F34633AB237982A5BA9544C">New species and new geographical records in Ecuadorian Lamiinae (Coleoptera Cerambycidae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="3B4BA6236C1DFFD094F5B9D8FD84FABC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260404" ID-GBIF-Taxon="204252340" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7260404" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B4BA6236C1DFFD094F5B9D8FD84FABC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3B4BA6236C1DFFD094F5B9D8FD84FABC" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="254" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">
<subSubSection id="FBF844BE6C1DFFD394F5B9D8FE1BFC4C" box="[151,450,906,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B35D17356C1DFFD394F5B9D8FE1BFC4C" blockId="4.[151,450,906,969]" box="[151,450,906,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">
<heading id="E815A0596C1DFFD394F5B9D8FE1BFC4C" bold="true" box="[151,450,906,933]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" reason="1">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1DFFD394F5B9D8FE1BFC4C" bold="true" box="[151,450,906,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C1DFFD394F5B9D8FE87FC4C" ID-CoL="BKMLJ" authority="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva, 2022" authorityName="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,350,906,933]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Acakyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1DFFD394F5B9D8FE87FC4C" bold="true" box="[151,350,906,933]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">Acakyra sinuata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA5765C6C1DFFD39507B9D9FE1BFC4C" box="[357,450,907,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="FBF844BE6C1DFFD094F5B9FDFADAFDD4" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="254" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" type="description">
<paragraph id="B35D17356C1DFFD394F5B9FDFEC1FC20" blockId="4.[151,450,906,969]" box="[151,280,943,969]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">
(
<figureCitation id="2BD90BB06C1DFFD394FDB9FDFEC9FC20" box="[159,272,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–11" captionStartId="5.[152,270,1763,1787]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,181,1738]" captionTargetId="figure-21@5.[151,1436,181,1739]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6–11. Acakyra sinuata sp. nov., holotype female: 6) Dorsal habitus; 7) Ventral habitus; 8) Antennomeres III and IV; 9) Lateral habitus; 10) Head, frontal view; 11) Prosternal and mesoventral processes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260402/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">Figs 6–11</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D17356C1DFFD394F5B9A4FAFEFABC" blockId="4.[151,1437,1014,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1DFFD394F5B9A4FDDAFBF9" bold="true" box="[151,515,1014,1041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">
Description.
<typeStatus id="6C59A9976C1DFFD39556B9A5FE78FBF8" box="[308,417,1015,1041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female.
</emphasis>
Integument mostly black; anteclypeus dark brown posteriorly, orangish brown anteriorly; labrum dark brown posteriorly, reddish brown anteriorly; ventral mouthparts mostly pale reddish brown centrally, except maxillary palpomeres I–III and labial palpomeres I–II dark brown with apex yellowish or reddish, and maxillary palpomere IV and labial palpomere III dark brown basally and gradually reddish brown toward apex; gulamentum mostly brown; scape dark brown; pedicel dark reddish brown basally, dark brown on remaining surface; antennomere III reddish brown on anterior half, black on posterior half; antennomere IV orangish brown on anterior 2/3, dark brown on posterior third; antennomeres V–XI dark reddish brown, lighter on apex of XI. Femoral peduncles slightly lighter than femoral clubs; protibiae dark reddish brown about middle; meso- and metatibiae somewhat dark reddish-brown on basal ring, dark orangish-brown on central ring, dark brown between two light rings, and blackish apically; tarsi orangish brown, except reddish-brown apex of tarsomere V and claws.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D17356C1DFFD194A5BF0DFC1DFD88" blockId="4.[151,1437,1014,2013]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="253" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1DFFD394A5BF0DFED7FA90" bold="true" box="[199,270,1375,1401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">Head.</emphasis>
Frons abundantly, minutely punctate, with sparse, coarse punctures interspersed; with abundant yellowishbrown pubescence almost obscuring integument, and brownish pubescent maculae interspersed, except small tuft of yellowish-white pubescence on central area between eyes, and glabrous central area close to postclypeus. Frontal area of antennal tubercles with abundant dark-brown pubescence, remaining surface with abundant yellowishbrown pubescence. Area between antennal tubercles sparsely, coarsely punctate; with abundant, both dark-brown and yellowish-brown pubescence, except arched posterior band with sparse dark-brown pubescence. Remaining surface of vertex with dense yellowish-brown pubescence, except one irregular, subglabrous oblique band near each eye, and one large, subrounded blackish pubescent macula on each side close to prothorax; with a few long, erect dark setae close to eyes. Area behind upper eye lobes with dense yellowish-brown pubescence; area between eye lobes and lower eye lobes with dense yellowish-brown pubescence, yellower close to eye, except glabrous area close to prothorax, subglabrous macula interspersed on yellowish-brown pubescence between apex of area between eye lobes and superior area of lower eye lobe, and transverse, somewhat zig-zagged subglabrous area interspersed on yellowish-brown pubescence between inferior area of lower eye lobe and gena. Genae with dense yellow pubescence, and glabrous, irregular areas interspersed; with a few long, erect dark setae interspersed toward ventral surface. Wide central area of postclypeus glabrous centrally, with bristly yellowish-brown setae on remaining surface, yellower and longer close to glabrous central area, shorter and somewhat paler laterally; with a few long, erect reddish-brown setae interspersed laterally. Sides of postclypeus glabrous. Labrum glabrous on posterocentral area, with abundant yellowish-white pubescence on sides of posterior 2/3, pubescence yellower close to margins, and somewhat sparse, both short and long dark yellowish-brown setae on anterior third, except dense fringe of setae of same color on anterior margin. Gulamentum smooth, glabrous, except intermaxillary process minutely punctate, with yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument. Eyes united by thin and low carina without ommatidia. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.49 times distance between outer margins of eyes; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.65 times distance between outer margins of eyes. Antennae slightly longer than elytral length, reaching base of posterior third of elytra. Scape elongate-piriform; with abundant yellow pubescence on dorsal and lateral basal half, somewhat abundant, both yellow and yellowish-brown pubescence on posterior half of dorsal surface, except dense fringe of yellow pubescence apically, with both brownish and yellowish pubescence on sides of posterior half, except dense fringe of yellow pubescence apically, and both brownish and yellowish-white pubescence ventrally. Pedicel with dense, both yellow and yellowish-white pubescence, except brown pubescence on inner area of dorsal surface and superior area of inner surface.Antennomere III cylindrical on basal half, gradually widened on apical half; apical half slightly flattened laterally; anterior half with abundant pale-yellow pubescence not obscuring integument; posterior half with dense black pubescence, forming dense fringe of setae ventrally, except outer surface with abundant brownish pubescence not obscuring integument. Antennomere IV cylindrical, with abundant pale-yellow pubescence on basal 2/3, and dark-brown pubescence on apical third. Antennomeres V–XI short, cylindrical; with brownish pubescence not obscuring integument, and minute, erect yellowish setae interspersed. Antennal formula based on length of antennomere III: scape = 0.86; pedicel = 0.28; IV = 0.58; V = 0.25; VI = 0.40; VII = 0.18; VIII = 0.18; IX = 0.16; X = 0.14; XI = 0.18.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B35D17356C1CFFD294FABCB1FC2AF8F6" blockId="5.[151,1436,1763,1823]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1CFFD294FABCB1FE95F912" bold="true" box="[152,332,1763,1787]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">FIGURES 6–11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C1CFFD29533BCB1FE2FF912" authority="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva, 2022" authorityName="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva" authorityYear="2022" box="[337,502,1763,1787]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Acakyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1CFFD29533BCB1FE2FF912" box="[337,502,1763,1787]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">Acakyra sinuata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA5765C6C1CFFD2959EBCB6FD95F912" box="[508,588,1764,1787]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype female:
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1CFFD29767BCB1FCC3F912" bold="true" box="[773,794,1763,1787]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">6)</emphasis>
Dorsal habitus;
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1CFFD297DDBCB1FC0CF912" bold="true" box="[959,981,1763,1787]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">7)</emphasis>
Ventral habitus;
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1CFFD2901DBCB1FB4DF912" bold="true" box="[1151,1172,1763,1787]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">8)</emphasis>
Antennomeres III and IV;
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1CFFD294F5BD55FF74F8F6" bold="true" box="[151,173,1799,1823]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">9)</emphasis>
Lateral habitus;
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1CFFD29535BD55FEA0F8F6" bold="true" box="[343,377,1799,1823]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">10)</emphasis>
Head, frontal view;
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1CFFD29628BD55FDB3F8F6" bold="true" box="[586,618,1799,1823]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">11)</emphasis>
Prosternal and mesoventral processes.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B35D17356C1FFFD094A5B839FD9CFEA8" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,1365]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="254" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1FFFD194A5B839FEFEFD6C" bold="true" box="[199,295,619,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">Thorax.</emphasis>
Prothorax transverse; with large, conical tubercle located centrally. Pronotum sparsely, coarsely punctate, punctures slightly more abundant and coarser anteriorly and posteriorly; with large, oblique, elevated tubercle on each side of central region, with apex slightly concave, and slightly elevated, subtriangular gibbosity centrally on posterior half, extended, carina-shaped, toward anterior margin; with abundant, dense yellowish-brown pubescence, irregularly interspersed with blackish pubescent maculae, except brownish pubescence on central gibbosity, dense, oblique yellowish-white pubescent band on each side of posterior half, from near posterior margin to lateral tubercles of prothorax, irregular, yellowish pubescent macula on each side of anterior third, and yellowish pubescent band centrally close to anterior and posterior margins; with a few long, erect brownish setae on sides of posterior third. Sides of prothorax sparsely, coarsely punctate, punctures more abundant close to posterior margin; with dense yellowish-brown pubescence, and abundant, irregular glabrous areas interspersed. Prosternum with yellowish pubescence laterally, sparser and yellowish white centrally, except subglabrous area close to anterior margin. Prosternal process wide, narrowest area 1.1 times procoxal width; posterior margin (
<figureCitation id="2BD90BB06C1FFFD190DAB9A5FAD0FBF8" box="[1208,1289,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–11" captionStartId="5.[152,270,1763,1787]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,181,1738]" captionTargetId="figure-21@5.[151,1436,181,1739]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6–11. Acakyra sinuata sp. nov., holotype female: 6) Dorsal habitus; 7) Ventral habitus; 8) Antennomeres III and IV; 9) Lateral habitus; 10) Head, frontal view; 11) Prosternal and mesoventral processes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260402/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
) subvertical, strongly emarginate centrally; with yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument, sparser toward apex. Mesoventrite with somewhat sparse, short, decumbent yellowish-brown setae centrally, and dense yellowish-brown pubescence laterally. Mesanepisternum and mesepimeron with dense yellow pubescence, except wide, irregular brownish pubescent macula anterocentrally on mesanepisternum. Mesoventral process strongly wide, apical width 1.5 times mesocoxal width; with distinct tubercle on each side of anterior half; apex widely concave; with yellowishwhite pubescence not obscuring integument, yellower laterally on basal third, sparser centrally toward apex, and absent on sides of posterior region. Metanepisternum and sides of metaventrite with dense yellow pubescence, and abundant, irregular glabrous areas interspersed; central region of metaventrite with abundant whitish pubescence not obscuring integument, except glabrous posterocentral area. Scutellum with dense black pubescence, and a few short yellowish-brown setae on center of posterior margin.
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1FFFD19767BF0DFC81FA90" bold="true" box="[773,856,1375,1401]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">Elytra.</emphasis>
Humerus rounded, projected forward; centrobasal crest elevated; with slight carina from apex of centrobasal crest to posterior third; with distinct carina close to suture, from middle to apex; somewhat sparsely, coarsely punctate; apex truncate; surface mostly with dense yellowishbrown pubescence, except: black pubescent macula on inclined anterior area close to humerus; somewhat small, transverse, irregular black pubescent macula near suture on apex of anterior quarter; subtriangular black pubescent macula on center of elytra near previous black macula; large, transverse, sinuous black pubescent macula dorsally after middle; somewhat small, irregular black pubescent macula dorsally on posterior quarter; small, circular black pubescent spots close to suture from before middle to apex; black pubescent macula laterally, close to the transverse sinuous black macula; large, irregular black pubescent macula laterally, at the level of subtriangular black pubescent macula, with transverse, sinuous, dense yellowish-white pubescent band inside it; large, irregular black pubescent macula laterally on posterior quarter, with large, dense yellowish-white pubescent macula inside its anterior region; irregular yellowish-white pubescent macula on dorsal surface of centrobasal crest; somewhat arched yellowish-white pubescent band between subtriangular black pubescent band and suture; oblique yellowish-white pubescent band on dorsal surface of middle, ascending toward anterior region, then fragmented, obliquely descending to suture; irregular yellowish-white pubescent macula surrounded by black pubescence, located dorsally on beginning of posterior quarter; yellowish pubescence between black pubescent spots close to suture; and glabrous or subglabrous small spots surrounding nearly all punctures, part of them fused.
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1FFFD1975FBDCDFCA5F850" bold="true" box="[829,892,1951,1977]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">Legs.</emphasis>
Femora with abundant pale-yellow pubescence not obscuring integument on peduncle, and abundant yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument on club, pubescence denser on apex. Tibiae with two pale-yellow pubescent rings, one basally, another about middle, brownish pubescence, with sparse, short, decumbent yellowish setae interspersed between two rings, and dense black pubescence on remaining surface, black pubescence bristly ventrally on pro- and metatibiae, dorsally and ventrally on mesotibiae; protibiae with a few long, erect dark setae interspersed dorsally. Tarsi with abundant yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D17356C1EFFD094A5BB18FAE7FE1C" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1EFFD094A5BB18FE9AFE8D" bold="true" box="[199,323,330,356]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Ventrites 1–4 smooth, with dense, irregular yellow pubescence laterally, sparser, yellowish white centrally, almost absent on center of ventrite 4. Ventrite 5 finely, sparsely punctate, except somewhat abundant, coarse punctures on posterior quarter; with dense pale-yellow pubescence on sides of posterior half; remaining surface with sparse, minute, decumbent yellowish-white setae, with a few short, decumbent pale-yellow setae interspersed, both more abundant on posterior third, and a few long, erect dark setae interspersed laterally; apex subrounded.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D17356C1EFFD094A5BBACFADAFDD4" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1EFFD094A5BBACFE44FDF1" bold="true" box="[199,413,510,536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">Dimensions (mm)</emphasis>
. Total length, 11.00; prothoracic length, 2.25; anterior prothoracic width, 2.70; posterior prothoracic width, 3.20; maximum prothoracic width, 4.25; humeral width, 5.05; elytral length, 7.30.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBF844BE6C1EFFD094A5B815FC43FD6C" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B35D17356C1EFFD094A5B815FC43FD6C" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1EFFD094A5B815FEADFD89" bold="true" box="[199,372,582,609]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="038A1D686C1EFFD09519B815FC43FD6C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3962320303" collectingDate="2021-06-19" collectionCode="MZSP" collectorName="J. Vlasak" country="Ecuador" elevation="1000" location="Mindo" municipality="Milpe" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pichincha" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="6C59A9976C1EFFD09519B815FE3AFD88" box="[379,483,583,609]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female from
<collectingCountry id="CBF557A56C1EFFD0961BB815FCDAFD88" box="[633,771,583,609]" name="Ecuador" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
,
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1EFFD0976CB815FC59FD88" box="[782,896,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">
<collectingRegion id="7126D9D76C1EFFD0976CB815FC59FD88" box="[782,896,583,609]" country="Ecuador" name="Pichincha" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">Pichincha</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<quantity id="741ABAD06C1EFFD097ECB815FC3DFD88" box="[910,996,583,609]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" unit="m" value="1000.0">
<elevation id="38CFF0066C1EFFD097ECB815FC3DFD88" box="[910,996,583,609]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="53398D4F6C1EFFD09792B815FBEAFD88" box="[1008,1075,583,609]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">Milpe</collectingMunicipality>
[San Jorge de Milpe Eco-Lodge Orchid &amp; Bird Reserve],
<location id="B63D41EE6C1EFFD095D1B839FDD8FD6C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B4BA6236C1DFFD094F5B9D8FD84FABC:B63D41EE6C1EFFD095D1B839FDD8FD6C" box="[435,513,619,645]" country="Ecuador" municipality="Milpe" name="Mindo" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" stateProvince="Pichincha">Mindo</location>
,
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<collectingDate id="D718C81D6C1EFFD0966EB839FD57FD6C" box="[524,654,619,645]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" value="2021-06-19">19.VI.2021</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E1772E36C1EFFD096FBB839FCD9FD6C" box="[665,768,619,645]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">J. Vlasak</collectorName>
leg. (
<collectionCode id="D5F38FF06C1EFFD0975DB839FC57FD6C" box="[831,910,619,645]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9yp6-zxp9" name="Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" type="Museum">MZSP</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBF844BE6C1EFFD094A5B8DDFD4FFD24" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="B35D17356C1EFFD094A5B8DDFD4FFD24" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1EFFD094A5B8DDFE97FD40" bold="true" box="[199,334,655,681]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific epithet “sinuata” (Latin, meaning bent or curved) refers to the sinuous yellowishwhite pubescent band on basal third of elytra.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBF844BE6C1EFFD094A5B885FD84FABC" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B35D17356C1EFFD094A5B885FB66FCD0" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1EFFD094A5B885FEE2FD18" bold="true" box="[199,315,727,753]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C1EFFD09526B885FE25FD19" authority="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva, 2022" authorityName="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva" authorityYear="2022" box="[324,508,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Acakyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1EFFD09526B885FE25FD19" box="[324,508,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">Acakyra sinuata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA5765C6C1EFFD09667B885FD84FD18" box="[517,605,727,753]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
has the antennomere III (
<figureCitation id="2BD90BB06C1EFFD097E7B885FC10FD18" box="[901,969,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–11" captionStartId="5.[152,270,1763,1787]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,181,1738]" captionTargetId="figure-21@5.[151,1436,181,1739]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 6–11. Acakyra sinuata sp. nov., holotype female: 6) Dorsal habitus; 7) Ventral habitus; 8) Antennomeres III and IV; 9) Lateral habitus; 10) Head, frontal view; 11) Prosternal and mesoventral processes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260402/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
) less strongly flattened laterally and less strongly pedunculate-clavate than in some other species of the genus. Even so, the shape of the antennomere III together with the elytral carina slightly marked allow us to include the new species in
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C1EFFD09039B94DFB61FCD0" authorityName=", Martins &amp; Galileo" authorityYear="1996" box="[1115,1208,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Acakyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1EFFD09039B94DFB61FCD0" box="[1115,1208,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">Acakyra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D17356C1EFFD094A5B911FD84FABC" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C1EFFD094A5B911FE58FCB5" authority="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva, 2022" authorityName="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva" authorityYear="2022" box="[199,385,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Acakyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1EFFD094A5B911FE58FCB5" box="[199,385,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">Acakyra sinuata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA5765C6C1EFFD095EFB911FE3EFCB4" box="[397,487,835,861]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C1EFFD096EBB911FB71FCB4" authority="Chemsak &amp; Hovore, 2002" authorityName="Chemsak &amp; Hovore" authorityYear="2002" box="[649,1192,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Acakyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ocellata" subSpecies="ocellata">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1EFFD096EBB911FCB2FCB4" box="[649,875,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">A. ocellata ocellata</emphasis>
Chemsak &amp; Hovore, 2002
</taxonomicName>
(see photographs on
<bibRefCitation id="D7736AC46C1EFFD094F5B935FEFDFC68" author="Bezark, L. G." box="[151,292,871,897]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" refId="ref7580" refString="Bezark, L. G. (2022) A photographic Catalog of the Cerambycidae of the World. New World Cerambycidae Catalog. Available from: http: // bezbycids. com / byciddb / wdefault. asp? w = n / (Last accessed 8 August 2022)" type="url" year="2022">Bezark 2022</bibRefCitation>
and in the original description) but differs as follows: vertex without longitudinal dark pubescent band; lateral tubercles of prothorax acute apically; pronotum without three isolated yellowish-white pubescent maculae on each side; pronotum without wide, longitudinal dark pubescent bands; and elytra without circular yellowishwhite pubescent maculae on basal half. In
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C1EFFD096E0B981FCB8FC04" authorityName="Chemsak &amp; Hovore" authorityYear="2002" box="[642,865,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Acakyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ocellata" subSpecies="ocellata">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1EFFD096E0B981FCB8FC04" box="[642,865,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">A. ocellata ocellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the vertex has longitudinal dark pubescent band, pronotum with three dense yellowish-white pubescent maculae on each side, lateral tubercles of the prothorax with rounded apex, pronotum with three wide and longitudinal dark pubescent bands, sometimes fragmented, and the elytra with circular yellowish-white pubescent macula on basal half. It differs from
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C1EFFD09031BE6DFEEBFB94" authority="Chemsak &amp; Hovore, 2002" authorityName="Chemsak &amp; Hovore" authorityYear="2002" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Acakyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ocellata" subSpecies="onca">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1EFFD09031BE6DFAD4FBB1" box="[1107,1293,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">A. ocellata onca</emphasis>
Chemsak &amp; Hovore, 2002
</taxonomicName>
(see photographs on
<bibRefCitation id="D7736AC46C1EFFD09646BE31FD6AFB94" author="Bezark, L. G." box="[548,691,1123,1149]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" refId="ref7580" refString="Bezark, L. G. (2022) A photographic Catalog of the Cerambycidae of the World. New World Cerambycidae Catalog. Available from: http: // bezbycids. com / byciddb / wdefault. asp? w = n / (Last accessed 8 August 2022)" type="url" year="2022">Bezark 2022</bibRefCitation>
and in the original description), especially by the lateral tubercles of the prothorax acute apically (rounded in
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C1EFFD096E4BED5FCE6FB49" authorityName="Chemsak &amp; Hovore" authorityYear="2002" box="[646,831,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Acakyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ocellata" subSpecies="onca">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1EFFD096E4BED5FCE6FB49" box="[646,831,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">A. ocellata onca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and different pronotal and elytral pubescent pattern (in
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C1EFFD094DCBEF9FEAEFB2D" authorityName="Chemsak &amp; Hovore" authorityYear="2002" box="[190,375,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Acakyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ocellata" subSpecies="onca">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1EFFD094DCBEF9FEAEFB2D" box="[190,375,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">A. ocellata onca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, both more similar to those in
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C1EFFD096B5BEF9FC6DFB2C" authorityName="Chemsak &amp; Hovore" authorityYear="2002" box="[727,948,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Acakyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ocellata" subSpecies="ocellata">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1EFFD096B5BEF9FC6DFB2C" box="[727,948,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">A. ocellata ocellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). It is also somewhat similar to
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C1EFFD09141BEF9FE72FB00" authority="Martins &amp; Galileo, 1996" authorityName="Martins &amp; Galileo" authorityYear="1996" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Acakyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iaguara">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1EFFD09141BEF9FA44FB2D" box="[1315,1437,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">A. iaguara</emphasis>
Martins &amp; Galileo, 1996
</taxonomicName>
(see photographs on
<bibRefCitation id="D7736AC46C1EFFD096F8BE9DFCF1FB00" author="Bezark, L. G." box="[666,808,1231,1257]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" refId="ref7580" refString="Bezark, L. G. (2022) A photographic Catalog of the Cerambycidae of the World. New World Cerambycidae Catalog. Available from: http: // bezbycids. com / byciddb / wdefault. asp? w = n / (Last accessed 8 August 2022)" type="url" year="2022">Bezark 2022</bibRefCitation>
and in the original description) but differs by the lateral tubercles of the prothorax acute apically (rounded in
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C1EFFD0969BBEA1FCADFAE5" authorityName="Martins &amp; Galileo" authorityYear="1996" box="[761,884,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Acakyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iaguara">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1EFFD0969BBEA1FCADFAE5" box="[761,884,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">A. iaguara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), pronotum without longitudinal dark pubescent bands (present in
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C1EFFD0953EBF45FE0DFAD9" authorityName="Martins &amp; Galileo" authorityYear="1996" box="[348,468,1303,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Acakyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iaguara">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1EFFD0953EBF45FE0DFAD9" box="[348,468,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">A. iaguara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and elytra without two very large dark pubescent maculae, one on basal half, another on posterior half (present in
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C1EFFD095B7BF69FD94FABD" authorityName="Martins &amp; Galileo" authorityYear="1996" box="[469,589,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Acakyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iaguara">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1EFFD095B7BF69FD94FABD" box="[469,589,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">A. iaguara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="D34D165E303BE1F9CA43A28240C61AE4">New species and new geographical records in Ecuadorian Lamiinae (Coleoptera Cerambycidae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="3B4BA6236C1EFFDD94F5BFBCFE96F8EC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260412" ID-GBIF-Taxon="204252338" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7260412" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B4BA6236C1EFFDD94F5BFBCFE96F8EC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3B4BA6236C1EFFDD94F5BFBCFE96F8EC" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="257" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">
<subSubSection id="FBF844BE6C1EFFD094F5BFBCFDC5F9E0" box="[151,540,1518,1545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B35D17356C1EFFD094F5BFBCFDC5F9E0" blockId="7.[151,540,1518,1581]" box="[151,540,1518,1545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">
<heading id="E815A0596C1EFFD094F5BFBCFDC5F9E0" bold="true" box="[151,540,1518,1545]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" reason="1">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1EFFD094F5BFBCFDC5F9E0" bold="true" box="[151,540,1518,1545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C1EFFD094F5BFBCFE6FF9E0" ID-CoL="BLLSF" authority="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva, 2022" authorityName="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,438,1518,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Scythropopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1EFFD094F5BFBCFE6FF9E0" bold="true" box="[151,438,1518,1545]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">Scythropopsis variegata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA5765C6C1EFFD095DCBFBDFDC5F9E0" box="[446,540,1519,1545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBF844BE6C1EFFDD94F5BC41FD0DFB48" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="257" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" type="description">
<paragraph id="B35D17356C1EFFD094F5BC41FEFEF9C4" blockId="7.[151,540,1518,1581]" box="[151,295,1555,1581]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">
(
<figureCitation id="2BD90BB06C1EFFD094FDBC41FEC6F9C4" box="[159,287,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–21. 12–19" captionStartId="8.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[175,1416,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-22@8.[172,1416,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 12–21. 12–19) Scythropopsis variegata sp. nov., holotype male: 12) Dorsal habitus; 13) Ventral habitus; 14) Lateral habitus; 15) Head, frontal view; 16) Prosternal and mesoventral processes; 17) Metatibia; 18) Scutellum; 19) Head, lateral view, detail of the eye. 20–21) Scythropopsis granitica Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva, 2020, holotype male: 20) Scutellum; 21) Metatibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260406" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260406/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">Figs 12–19</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D17356C1EFFD094F5BC08FB04F8EC" blockId="7.[151,1437,1626,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1EFFD094F5BC08FE3DF99C" bold="true" box="[151,484,1626,1653]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">
Description.
<typeStatus id="6C59A9976C1EFFD09552BC09FE44F99C" box="[304,413,1627,1653]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male.
</emphasis>
Integument mostly black; anteclypeus partially dark reddish brown laterally; pedicel and basal half of antennomere III brown; basal half of antennomere IV dark orangish brown, posterior half black; antennomeres V–VII dark orangish brown about basal third, dark brown on remaining surface; antennomeres IX–XI dark orangish brown about basal quarter, dark brown on remaining surface. Tibiae mostly dark brown on basal half, black on apical half. Tarsi dark orangish brown, more reddish brown depending on light intensity.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D17356C1EFFDE94A5BD5DFD96FAD8" blockId="7.[151,1437,1626,2013]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="256" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C1EFFD094A5BD5DFED7F8C0" bold="true" box="[199,270,1807,1833]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">Head.</emphasis>
Frons abundantly, finely punctate; with dense yellowish-brown pubescence laterally, lighter, with short white setae interspersed close to superior region of eyes; with wide, longitudinal white pubescent band on each side of middle; with two inverted Y-shaped pubescent maculae centrally, one close to postclypeus, another, more distinct between eyes and antennal tubercles; with dense yellowish-brown pubescence close to inferior Y-shaped pubescent macula, and sparser yellowish-brown pubescence close to superior Y-shaped pubescent macula; and a few long, erect brown setae interspersed laterally. Antennal tubercles with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, and white setae interspersed, except apical region with yellowish pubescence. Vertex sparsely, coarsely punctate between antennal tubercles and upper eye lobes, smooth on remaining surface; with tufts of dense pubescence, both yellowish brown and yellowish white, glabrous among tufts, except large, subcircular sparsely brownish pubescent macula on each side close to prothorax. Area behind upper eye lobes with dense yellowish-white pubescent band superiorly, narrow close to eye, wide close to prothorax, and dense yellowishbrown pubescence on remaining surface. Area between upper and lower eye lobes with dense yellowish-brown pubescence. Area behind lower eye lobes with dense yellowish-brown pubescence close to eye, except central area mostly with yellowish-white pubescence, glabrous close to prothorax. Genae somewhat coarsely rugose-punctate; with abundant yellowish-white pubescence, denser close to eye and glabrous apical region, except area close to eye partially with yellowish-brown pubescence. Wide central area of postclypeus glabrous centrally, with abundant, somewhat long, erect, both yellowish-brown and yellowish-white setae on remaining surface, and a few long, erect brown setae interspersed. Sides of postclypeus glabrous. Labrum with abundant grayish-white pubescence on posterior 2/3, with long, suberect brownish setae interspersed, glabrous on anterior third, except anterior margin with dense fringe of yellowish-brown setae. Gulamentum smooth, glabrous, except intermaxillary process minutely punctate, with yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument. Eyes united by thin and low carina without ommatidia (
<figureCitation id="2BD90BB06C10FFDE9540B8E1FEA0FD24" box="[290,377,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–21. 12–19" captionStartId="8.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[175,1416,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-22@8.[172,1416,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 12–21. 12–19) Scythropopsis variegata sp. nov., holotype male: 12) Dorsal habitus; 13) Ventral habitus; 14) Lateral habitus; 15) Head, frontal view; 16) Prosternal and mesoventral processes; 17) Metatibia; 18) Scutellum; 19) Head, lateral view, detail of the eye. 20–21) Scythropopsis granitica Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva, 2020, holotype male: 20) Scutellum; 21) Metatibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260406" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260406/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
). Distance between upper eye lobes 0.40 times distance between outer margins of eyes; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.65 times distance between outer margins of eyes. Antennae slightly longer than elytral length, slightly surpassing base of posterior third of elytra. Scape piriform; with abundant yellow pubescence on dorsal basal half, dark-brown pubescence with short yellow setae interspersed on dorsal posterior half, dark-brown pubescence with abundant yellowish-white setae interspersed on sides, pale-yellow setae more abundant on basal half, and dark-brown pubescence with yellowish white and white setae interspersed ventrally. Pedicel with mostly brown pubescence, and irregular, both yellowish-brown and yellowish-white pubescent maculae interspersed dorsally and laterally, and abundant yellowish-white pubescence centrally; with a few long, erect dark setae ventrally. Antennomere III with two pale yellow pubescent rings, one basally, another close to middle; area between pale-yellow pubescent rings with brownish pubescence; remaining surface with dense blackish pubescence; with sparse, long, erect dark setae ventrally, distinctly more abundant apically. Antennomere IV with abundant yellowish pubescence on light area, blackish on dark area; with a few moderately short dark setae on ventral apex; antennomeres V–VI with whitish pubescence on light area, blackish on remaining surface, and a few short, erect dark setae on ventral apex; antennomeres VII–XI with whitish pubescence on light area, brown, with short yellowish-white setae interspersed on remaining surface; antennomere VII with a few short, erect dark setae on ventral apex; antennomeres IX–XI with long, erect dark setae ventrally, especially centrally. Antennal formula based on length of antennomere III: scape = 0.70; pedicel = 0.27; IV = 0.55; V = 0.27; VI = 0.23; VII = 0.20; VIII = 0.19; IX = 0.17; X = 0.15; XI = 0.19.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E79D47BD6C11FFDF94FABDC5FA51F811" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260406" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7260406" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260406/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" startId="8.[152,270,1943,1967]" targetBox="[175,1416,181,1916]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="B35D17356C11FFDF94FABDC5FA51F811" blockId="8.[151,1437,1943,2040]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C11FFDF94FABDC5FE7FF846" bold="true" box="[152,422,1943,1967]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">FIGURES 12–21. 12–19)</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C11FFDF95CEBDCAFD79F846" authority="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva, 2022" authorityName="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva" authorityYear="2022" box="[428,672,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Scythropopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C11FFDF95CEBDCAFD79F846" box="[428,672,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">Scythropopsis variegata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA5765C6C11FFDF96C4BDCAFD2FF846" box="[678,758,1944,1967]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype male:
<emphasis id="8196CB276C11FFDF97F9BDC5FC64F846" bold="true" box="[923,957,1943,1967]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">12)</emphasis>
Dorsal habitus;
<emphasis id="8196CB276C11FFDF9000BDC5FB5DF846" bold="true" box="[1122,1156,1943,1967]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">13)</emphasis>
Ventral habitus;
<emphasis id="8196CB276C11FFDF914FBDC5FA96F846" bold="true" box="[1325,1359,1943,1967]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">14)</emphasis>
Lateral habitus;
<emphasis id="8196CB276C11FFDF948FBDE9FED6F83A" bold="true" box="[237,271,1979,2003]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">15)</emphasis>
Head, frontal view;
<emphasis id="8196CB276C11FFDF95BEBDE9FE26F83A" bold="true" box="[476,511,1979,2003]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">16)</emphasis>
Prosternal and mesoventral processes;
<emphasis id="8196CB276C11FFDF97EBBDE9FC72F83A" bold="true" box="[905,939,1979,2003]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">17)</emphasis>
Metatibia;
<emphasis id="8196CB276C11FFDF907CBDE9FB99F83A" bold="true" box="[1054,1088,1979,2003]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">18)</emphasis>
Scutellum;
<emphasis id="8196CB276C11FFDF90DBBDE9FB02F83A" bold="true" box="[1209,1243,1979,2003]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">19)</emphasis>
Head, lateral view, detail of the eye.
<emphasis id="8196CB276C11FFDF9524BD8DFE57F81E" bold="true" box="[326,398,2015,2039]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">20–21)</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C11FFDF95F6BDB2FC6AF811" authority="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva, 2020" authorityName="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva" authorityYear="2020" box="[404,947,2016,2040]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Scythropopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granitica">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C11FFDF95F6BDB2FD5CF81E" box="[404,645,2016,2040]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">Scythropopsis granitica</emphasis>
Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva, 2020
</taxonomicName>
, holotype male:
<emphasis id="8196CB276C11FFDF9039BD8DFBA4F81E" bold="true" box="[1115,1149,2015,2039]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">20)</emphasis>
Scutellum;
<emphasis id="8196CB276C11FFDF9095BD8DFAC0F81E" bold="true" box="[1271,1305,2015,2039]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">21)</emphasis>
Metatibia.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B35D17356C10FFDD94A5BF69FB38FCFC" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,1797]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="257" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C10FFDE94A5BF69FEFEFABC" bold="true" box="[199,295,1339,1365]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">Thorax.</emphasis>
Prothorax transverse; with large, conical tubercle located centrally. Pronotum sparsely, coarsely punctate, punctures coarser close to posterior margin, finer and sparser centrally; with large, elevated tubercle on each side of central region, with apex truncate anteriorly, then obliquely decreasing toward its posterior apex; with slightly elevated, subelliptical gibbosity on center of posterior half; lateral tubercle mostly with abundant blackish pubescence; central gibbosity with dense blackish pubescence; with short, longitudinal, irregular darkbrown pubescent band on each side of posterior third; remaining surface with dense, both yellowish-brown and white pubescence, white pubescence forming irregular band on each side of center, converging from posterior margin to anterior third, and glabrous and subglabrous areas interspersed. Sides of prothorax sparsely, coarsely punctate; with dense, both yellowish-brown and white pubescence, and glabrous and subglabrous areas interspersed. Prosternum with sparse, decumbent yellowish-white setae, setae slightly yellower laterally. Prosternal process (
<figureCitation id="2BD90BB06C10FFDE910DBC2DFF6DF954" captionStart="FIGURES 12–21. 12–19" captionStartId="8.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[175,1416,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-22@8.[172,1416,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 12–21. 12–19) Scythropopsis variegata sp. nov., holotype male: 12) Dorsal habitus; 13) Ventral habitus; 14) Lateral habitus; 15) Head, frontal view; 16) Prosternal and mesoventral processes; 17) Metatibia; 18) Scutellum; 19) Head, lateral view, detail of the eye. 20–21) Scythropopsis granitica Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva, 2020, holotype male: 20) Scutellum; 21) Metatibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260406" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260406/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
) wide, narrowest area about as wide as procoxa; posterior margin elevated on sides; with sparse, decumbent yellowish-white setae. Mesoventrite with somewhat sparse, short, decumbent yellowish-white setae centrally, and dense yellowish-brown pubescence laterally. Mesanepisternum with dense yellowish-brown pubescence close to elytra, somewhat dense and yellowish close to mesoventrite, and somewhat sparse, yellowish white centrally. Mesepimeron with yellowish-brown pubescence close to elytra, dense close to elytra, sparse on remaining surface close to mesanepisternum, and somewhat abundant close to metanepisternum. Mesoventral process strongly wide, apical width 1.2 times mesocoxal cavity; with distinct tubercle on each side of anterior half (
<figureCitation id="2BD90BB06C10FFDE909DBD29FA8DF87C" box="[1279,1364,1915,1941]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–21. 12–19" captionStartId="8.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[175,1416,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-22@8.[172,1416,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 12–21. 12–19) Scythropopsis variegata sp. nov., holotype male: 12) Dorsal habitus; 13) Ventral habitus; 14) Lateral habitus; 15) Head, frontal view; 16) Prosternal and mesoventral processes; 17) Metatibia; 18) Scutellum; 19) Head, lateral view, detail of the eye. 20–21) Scythropopsis granitica Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva, 2020, holotype male: 20) Scutellum; 21) Metatibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260406" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260406/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
); with dense pale-yellow pubescent band on sides of anterior half, and spare whitish pubescence on remaining surface. Metanepisternum with abundant yellow pubescence, more yellowish white anteriorly close to metaventrite. Metaventrite with abundant yellow pubescence laterally, with abundant glabrous areas interspersed, abundant, not obscuring integument, mostly whitish on remaining surface, except large posterocentral area with sparse yellowishwhite pubescence and glabrous areas. Scutellum with dense blackish pubescence, except a few short yellowishbrown setae apically.
<emphasis id="8196CB276C13FFDD95EABB51FE05FEF4" bold="true" box="[392,476,259,285]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Elytra.</emphasis>
Humerus rounded, projected forward; centrobasal crest elevated, with a few tubercles on dorsobasal area; with distinct carina from apex of centrobasal crest to posterior fifth, and another carina close to suture, from about middle to apex; somewhat sparsely, coarsely punctate, punctures slightly finer and sparser toward apex; basal punctures tuberculate on their anterior margin; apex slightly obliquely truncate, with outer angle rounded and slightly projected; with abundant, dense yellowish-brown pubescence, and abundant, irregular both dark-brown and white pubescent maculae interspersed.
<emphasis id="8196CB276C13FFDD976DBBE5FC97FE38" bold="true" box="[783,846,439,465]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Legs.</emphasis>
Femora with abundant yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument on ventral surface of peduncle, pubescence denser close to club, and abundant yellowishbrown pubescence on remaining surface, yellowish-brown pubescence partially forming small, isolated tufts on club. Tibiae with dense pale-yellow pubescent ring basally and wide yellowish-white pubescent ring on about middle; with brownish pubescence not obscuring integument between two rings; and with dense black pubescence on remaining surface, black bristly pubescence ventrally on all tibiae, bristly on dorsal surface of mesotibiae, except dorsal apex with yellowish-white pubescence, especially on metatibiae; metatibiae (
<figureCitation id="2BD90BB06C13FFDD9008B8DDFB66FD40" box="[1130,1215,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–21. 12–19" captionStartId="8.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[175,1416,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-22@8.[172,1416,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 12–21. 12–19) Scythropopsis variegata sp. nov., holotype male: 12) Dorsal habitus; 13) Ventral habitus; 14) Lateral habitus; 15) Head, frontal view; 16) Prosternal and mesoventral processes; 17) Metatibia; 18) Scutellum; 19) Head, lateral view, detail of the eye. 20–21) Scythropopsis granitica Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva, 2020, holotype male: 20) Scutellum; 21) Metatibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260406" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260406/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
) with a few short, erect black setae dorsally. Tarsi with somewhat abundant yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument, except apex of tarsomeres V with sparse pubescence, and a few yellow setae interspersed; protarsomeres I–III with abundant, long dark setae laterally, and apical half of protarsomere V with sparse, long dark setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D17356C13FFDD94A5B94CFCF0FC04" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C13FFDD94A5B94CFE9AFCD1" bold="true" box="[199,323,798,824]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Ventrite 1 with yellow pubescence laterally, and sparse white pubescence on remaining surface; ventrites 2–4 with dense yellow pubescence on lateroapical area, yellowish-white pubescence on remaining lateral surface and central area close to apex, yellowish-white pubescence denser laterally, white pubescence on anterocentral region, and glabrous on central apex. Ventrite 5 with very sparse, short, decumbent dark setae, and a few short, decumbent yellowish-white setae interspersed, yellowish-white setae longer and thicker than dark setae; posterocentral area finely, densely punctate; apex rounded.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D17356C13FFDD94A5B9A5FE14FBDC" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C13FFDD94A5B9A5FEC7FBF8" bold="true" box="[199,286,1015,1041]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Female</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2BD90BB06C13FFDD954DB9A5FE5CFBF8" box="[303,389,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–25. 22" captionStartId="11.[152,270,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[156,1432,487,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-51@11.[151,1436,478,1911]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 22–25. 22) Scythropopsis variegata sp. nov., paratype female, dorsal habitus. 23–24) Unaporanga lanceolate Martins &amp; Galileo, 2007, dorsal habitus: 23) Male; 24) Female. 25) Piriana pygmaea (Bates, 1881), female, dorsal habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260410" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260410/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
). Body stouter; scape less piriform; femoral club narrower, erect setae on ventral surface of distal antennomeres absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B35D17356C13FFDD94A5BE6CFD0DFB48" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C13FFDD94A5BE6CFE7FFBB0" bold="true" box="[199,422,1086,1113]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Dimensions in mm</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="6C59A9976C13FFDD95D6BE6DFDC1FBB0" box="[436,536,1087,1113]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
male/
<typeStatus id="6C59A9976C13FFDD963FBE6DFD64FBB0" box="[605,701,1087,1113]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
female). Total length, 12.50/13.00; prothoracic length, 2.50/2.65; anterior prothoracic width, 3.40/3.80; posterior prothoracic width, 3.35/3.80; maximum prothoracic width, 4.25/4.65; humeral width, 5.15/5.50; elytral length, 8.25/8.90.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBF844BE6C13FFDD94A5BEF9FDE1FB00" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B35D17356C13FFDD94A5BEF9FDE1FB00" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C13FFDD94A5BEF9FEADFB2D" bold="true" box="[199,372,1194,1221]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="038A1D686C13FFDD9519BEF9FA40FB2C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3962320304" box="[379,1433,1195,1221]" collectingDate="2021-06-14" collectionCode="MZSP" collectorName="J. Vlasak" country="Ecuador" elevation="1900" location="Cosanga" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Napo" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="6C59A9976C13FFDD9519BEF9FE3AFB2C" box="[379,483,1195,1221]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male from
<collectingCountry id="CBF557A56C13FFDD9601BEF9FD34FB2C" box="[611,749,1195,1221]" name="Ecuador" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
,
<emphasis id="8196CB276C13FFDD9695BEF9FCEDFB2D" box="[759,820,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">
<collectingRegion id="7126D9D76C13FFDD9695BEF9FCEDFB2D" box="[759,820,1195,1220]" country="Ecuador" name="Napo" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Napo</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
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,
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<elevation id="38CFF0066C13FFDD97D2BEF9FBDFFB2C" box="[944,1030,1195,1221]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" unit="m" value="1900.0">1900 m</elevation>
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,
<date id="C75C31F56C13FFDD9073BEF9FB4AFB2C" box="[1041,1171,1195,1221]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" value="2021-06-14">
<collectingDate id="D718C81D6C13FFDD9073BEF9FB4AFB2C" box="[1041,1171,1195,1221]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" value="2021-06-14">14.VI.2021</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E1772E36C13FFDD90FCBEF9FADDFB2C" box="[1182,1284,1195,1221]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">J. Vlasak</collectorName>
leg. (
<collectionCode id="D5F38FF06C13FFDD9123BEF9FA49FB2C" box="[1345,1424,1195,1221]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9yp6-zxp9" name="Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" type="Museum">MZSP</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="038A1D686C13FFDD94F5BE9DFDEDFB00" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3962320302" box="[151,564,1231,1257]" collectionCode="JVCO" country="Ecuador" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Napo" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="6C59A9976C13FFDD94F5BE9DFF20FB00" box="[151,249,1231,1257]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
female, same label (
<collectionCode id="D5F38FF06C13FFDD9582BE9DFDF5FB00" box="[480,556,1231,1257]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">JVCO</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBF844BE6C13FFDD94A5BEA1FE05FAD8" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="B35D17356C13FFDD94A5BEA1FE05FAD8" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C13FFDD94A5BEA1FE97FAE4" bold="true" box="[199,334,1267,1293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific epithet “variegata” (Latin, having discrete markings of different colors) refers to the complex pubescence pattern.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBF844BE6C13FFDD94A5BF69FE96F8EC" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B35D17356C13FFDD94A5BF69FE96F8EC" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C13FFDD94A5BF69FEE2FABC" bold="true" box="[199,315,1339,1365]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C13FFDD952ABF69FD84FABD" authority="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva, 2022" authorityName="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva" authorityYear="2022" box="[328,605,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Scythropopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C13FFDD952ABF69FD84FABD" box="[328,605,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Scythropopsis variegata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AA5765C6C13FFDD9609BF69FD11FABC" box="[619,712,1339,1365]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C13FFDD9711BF69FABBFABC" authority="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva, 2020" authorityName="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva" authorityYear="2020" box="[883,1378,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Scythropopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granitica">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C13FFDD9711BF69FC24FABD" box="[883,1021,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">S. granitica</emphasis>
Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva, 2020
</taxonomicName>
(see photographs on
<bibRefCitation id="D7736AC46C13FFDD9533BF0DFE3BFA90" author="Bezark, L. G." box="[337,482,1375,1401]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" refId="ref7580" refString="Bezark, L. G. (2022) A photographic Catalog of the Cerambycidae of the World. New World Cerambycidae Catalog. Available from: http: // bezbycids. com / byciddb / wdefault. asp? w = n / (Last accessed 8 August 2022)" type="url" year="2022">Bezark 2022</bibRefCitation>
and in the original description), but differs as follows (in both sexes unless stated otherwise): scape more distinctly piriform; pedicel longer, length about 2.5 times basal width of antennomere III; in males, antennomeres X–XI with sparse erect setae ventrally; sides of scutellum without dense yellowish-white pubescent band (
<figureCitation id="2BD90BB06C13FFDD9539BF99FE6AFA0C" box="[347,435,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–21. 12–19" captionStartId="8.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[175,1416,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-22@8.[172,1416,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 12–21. 12–19) Scythropopsis variegata sp. nov., holotype male: 12) Dorsal habitus; 13) Ventral habitus; 14) Lateral habitus; 15) Head, frontal view; 16) Prosternal and mesoventral processes; 17) Metatibia; 18) Scutellum; 19) Head, lateral view, detail of the eye. 20–21) Scythropopsis granitica Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva, 2020, holotype male: 20) Scutellum; 21) Metatibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260406" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260406/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
); sides of the scutellum elevated from base to apex; metatibiae gradually widened on posterior half, in males metatibiae without dense, short erect setae dorsally (
<figureCitation id="2BD90BB06C13FFDD9061BFBDFB81F9E0" box="[1027,1112,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–21. 12–19" captionStartId="8.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[175,1416,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-22@8.[172,1416,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 12–21. 12–19) Scythropopsis variegata sp. nov., holotype male: 12) Dorsal habitus; 13) Ventral habitus; 14) Lateral habitus; 15) Head, frontal view; 16) Prosternal and mesoventral processes; 17) Metatibia; 18) Scutellum; 19) Head, lateral view, detail of the eye. 20–21) Scythropopsis granitica Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva, 2020, holotype male: 20) Scutellum; 21) Metatibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260406" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260406/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
); tarsi dark orangish brown. In
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C13FFDD94D5BC41FEE5F9C5" authorityName="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva" authorityYear="2020" box="[183,316,1555,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Scythropopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granitica">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C13FFDD94D5BC41FEE5F9C5" box="[183,316,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">S. granitica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the scape is less expanded apically, being less distinctly piriform; pedicel is shorter, length equal to 1.5 times basal width of the antennomere III; in males, antennomeres X–XI with abundant erect setae ventrally; sides of the scutellum with dense yellowish-white pubescent band (
<figureCitation id="2BD90BB06C13FFDD97FABC09FC34F99C" box="[920,1005,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–21. 12–19" captionStartId="8.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[175,1416,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-22@8.[172,1416,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 12–21. 12–19) Scythropopsis variegata sp. nov., holotype male: 12) Dorsal habitus; 13) Ventral habitus; 14) Lateral habitus; 15) Head, frontal view; 16) Prosternal and mesoventral processes; 17) Metatibia; 18) Scutellum; 19) Head, lateral view, detail of the eye. 20–21) Scythropopsis granitica Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva, 2020, holotype male: 20) Scutellum; 21) Metatibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260406" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260406/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
), sides of the scutellum elevated only apically, metatibiae more abruptly widened on posterior half, and in males with abundant short erect setae dorsally (
<figureCitation id="2BD90BB06C13FFDD94FDBCF1FF2AF954" box="[159,243,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–21. 12–19" captionStartId="8.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[175,1416,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-22@8.[172,1416,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 12–21. 12–19) Scythropopsis variegata sp. nov., holotype male: 12) Dorsal habitus; 13) Ventral habitus; 14) Lateral habitus; 15) Head, frontal view; 16) Prosternal and mesoventral processes; 17) Metatibia; 18) Scutellum; 19) Head, lateral view, detail of the eye. 20–21) Scythropopsis granitica Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva, 2020, holotype male: 20) Scutellum; 21) Metatibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260406" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7260406/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
), and tarsi black. Furthermore, in
<taxonomicName id="74E26CB66C13FFDD961ABCF1FD25F955" authorityName="Vlasak &amp; Santos-Silva" authorityYear="2020" box="[632,764,1699,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Scythropopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granitica">
<emphasis id="8196CB276C13FFDD961ABCF1FD25F955" box="[632,764,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">S. granitica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
most of the dark pubescent elytral spots are surrounded by discrete rings of narrow yellowish-brown pubescence, while the yellowish-brown pubescence is more confluent in the new species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>