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<document id="25DBD45EA97371710544961BA9BDC9CE" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5594.2.3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14954346" ID-ZooBank="5D61C55E-D042-4818-9D7B-087DEC250BFB" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="jonas" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="jonas" IM.treatments_approvedBy="jonas" checkinTime="1740853439526" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Purser, William A., Doughty, Paul, Rowley, Jodi L., Böhme, Wolfgang, Donnellan, Stephen C., Mitchell, Marion Anstis Nicola, Shea, Glenn M., Amey, Andrew, Mitchell, Brittany A. & Catullo, Renee A." docDate="2025" docId="03DFB1426548FFC5FF5B3317FF04DA5F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5594.2.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5594 (2)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5594.2.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Litoria rubella" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="299" masterDocId="FFE6C93A6553FFDBFFCC3054FFC3DE4E" masterDocTitle="Systematics of the Little Red Tree Frog, Litoria rubella (Anura: Pelodryadidae), with the description of two new species from eastern Australia and arid Western Australia" masterLastPageNumber="315" masterPageNumber="269" pageNumber="296" updateTime="1741287735233" updateUser="jonas" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="15B2B5BDE99D27A5CB56DA18A3644A02">Systematics of the Little Red Tree Frog, Litoria rubella (Anura: Pelodryadidae), with the description of two new species from eastern Australia and arid Western Australia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FF6AE0360F40CD782DC73B1329069770">Purser, William A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B6CD201D184908108038337F78C0D939">School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia & Phoenix Environmental Sciences, 2 / 3 King Edward Road, Osborne Park, WA 6017, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8B3B5E0FC5195B9FCC29BA29063FADDC">Doughty, Paul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="21F39220B25649500D7196925622ECCA">Collections & Research, Western Australian Museum, 49 Kew Street, Welshpool, WA 6106, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B74D093161A51EFFF7B35A7CE985A6AD">Rowley, Jodi L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1E07A549492D14AF6B93559C0FFDD236">Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, 1 William Street, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia & Centre for Ecosystem Science; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2B922694BD2CAAB3DE7C42B09B1F9D75">Böhme, Wolfgang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E8884E724B615FF9440894CEE433CAB4">Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5FB294F93D0E8526FF14D661A2BB6850">Donnellan, Stephen C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="91E7F3E62849CCD0CD2011570625C17E">South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1CEB1F1DF12C8D5D69DA49F9C2201B07">Mitchell, Marion Anstis Nicola</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CE6464E18DAFC429D1FB07CCD72C7680">Shea, Glenn M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EFF637029FA2ADAD610BA2F4E1BF9538">Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, 1 William Street, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia & Sydney School of Veterinary Science B 01, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4AFECFD6F5A43629D4123E8868F78128">Amey, Andrew</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F3C6339920438902A51B3194F6F9A321">Biodiversity and Geosciences, Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane BC, Queensland 4101, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="52888B1512B205E8DA25BE49DD03BF59">Mitchell, Brittany A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B256141B7B7C8BE3D870AAAE151CB99B">Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, 1 William Street, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia & Centre for Ecosystem Science; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C9C3E77F9C4F512AAAABA5E032A144ED">Catullo, Renee A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E12FF9716DC16714495F1BF07C513411">School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia & Collections & Research, Western Australian Museum, 49 Kew Street, Welshpool, WA 6106, Australia & Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, 1 William Street, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="A50DF234FECEC4BA623D358218079DB9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="74C0046C878871B49EAFAF0D3E22B6AD">2025</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C6F6C924C186B312748B9A6F7EA34944">2025-02-28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="336C92808961ACE1C14417AC0273DD1C">5594</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03DFB1426548FFC5FF5B3317FF04DA5F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DFB1426548FFC5FF5B3317FF04DA5F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DFB1426548FFC5FF5B3317FF04DA5F" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="299" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">
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<subSubSection id="C36C53DF6548FFC0FF5B3317FE2FDD12" box="[151,492,834,861]" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC900546548FFC0FF5B3317FE2FDD12" blockId="27.[151,492,834,897]" box="[151,492,834,861]" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">
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<heading id="D081B7386548FFC0FF5B3317FE2FDD12" bold="true" box="[151,492,834,861]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76548FFC0FF5B3317FE2FDD12" ID-CoL="3VMP7" authority="(Gray, 1842)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[151,492,834,861]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
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<emphasis id="B902DC466548FFC0FF5B3317FE2FDD12" bold="true" box="[151,492,834,861]" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">
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<emphasis id="B902DC466548FFC0FF5B3317FE8BDD13" bold="true" box="[151,328,834,861]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">Litoria rubella</emphasis>
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(Gray, 1842)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C36C53DF6548FFC0FF5B3333FED8DDCF" box="[151,283,871,897]" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC900546548FFC0FF5B3333FED8DDCF" blockId="27.[151,492,834,897]" box="[151,283,871,897]" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">
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<figureCitation id="134D1CD16548FFC0FF5B3333FED8DDCF" box="[151,283,871,897]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 11" captionStart-1="FIGURE 12" captionStartId-0="28.[151,250,860,884]" captionStartId-1="28.[151,250,1573,1597]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,453,836]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1437,980,1550]" captionTargetId-0="figure-146@28.[151,1436,453,836]" captionTargetId-1="figure-174@28.[151,1437,980,1550]" captionTargetPageId-0="28" captionTargetPageId-1="28" captionText-0="FIGURE 11. (A) Dorsal and (B) ventral photos of the Litoria rubella lectotype (BMNH 1947.2.24.9) in preservation. (photos P. Doughty)." captionText-1="FIGURE 12. Litoria rubella in life. (A) WAM R173883 from Drysdale River National Park, WA (photo R.J. Ellis); (B) MAGNT R38299 from 70 km SW of Katherine, NT (photo M. Whitehead); (C) unvouchered from Fogg Dam, NT (photo R. Francis); (D) unvouchered from the West MacDonnell Ranges, NT (photo D. Esquerre); (E) unvouchered from near Dubbo NSW (photo C. Nagle); and (F) from the Flinders Ranges, SA (photo R. Francis)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954370" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954372" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14954370/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14954372/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">Figs. 11–12</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C36C53DF6548FFC0FF5B33FFFDC6DA4F" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BC900546548FFC0FF5B33FFFDFADD8A" blockId="27.[151,1437,939,1086]" box="[151,569,939,964]" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">
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<emphasis id="B902DC466548FFC0FF5B33FFFE63DD8D" box="[151,416,939,963]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">Suggested common name:</emphasis>
|
||||
Red Tree Frog
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||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546548FFC0FF5B339EFDC6DA4F" blockId="27.[151,1437,939,1086]" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">
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<emphasis id="B902DC466548FFC0FF5B339EFDC2DDAC" box="[151,513,970,994]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">Previously applied common names:</emphasis>
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||||
Red Tree Frog, Little Red Tree Frog, Desert Tree Frog, Naked Tree Frog, Ruddy Treefrog, Seagull Frog, Brown Tree Frog
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36C53DF6548FFC0FF5B3453FE11DA70" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BC900546548FFC0FF5B3453FE11DA70" blockId="27.[151,1437,939,1086]" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">
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<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76548FFC0FF5B3453FED5DA51" authority="Gray, 1842" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1842" box="[151,278,1031,1055]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466548FFC0FF5B3453FED5DA51" box="[151,278,1031,1055]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">Hyla rubella</emphasis>
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||||
</taxonomicName>
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||||
. Gray, J. E. 1842. Description of some hitherto unrecorded species of Australian reptiles and batrachians. Zoological Miscellany, Part 2: 51–57.
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C36C53DF6548FFC0FF5B3438FE6ADB58" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BC900546548FFC0FF5B3438FCB3DA80" blockId="27.[151,1437,1132,2023]" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">
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<materialsCitation id="3B1E0A096548FFC0FF5B3438FE4CDAE5" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Australia" location="Port Essington" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" specimenCode="BMNH 1947.2.24.7, BMNH 1947.2.24.8" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Northern Territory" typeStatus="syntype">
|
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<emphasis id="B902DC466548FFC0FF5B3438FEC9DAC8" bold="true" box="[151,266,1132,1158]" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">
|
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<typeStatus id="54CDBEF66548FFC0FF5B3438FEC7DAC8" box="[151,260,1132,1158]" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
|
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.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Not designated, but
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBD0A82F6548FFC0FE3F3439FD33DAC8" box="[499,752,1132,1159]" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">BMNH 1947.2.24.7–9</specimenCode>
|
||||
(formerly 42.2.24.19–21, according to Condit, 1964, J. Ohio Herpetol. Soc., 4: 95);
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E0A096548FFC0FE5934C5FCAFDA80" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Australia" location="Port Essington" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" specimenCode="BMNH 1947.2.24.9" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northern Territory" typeStatus="lectotype">
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBD0A82F6548FFC0FE5934C5FDB6DAE4" box="[405,629,1168,1195]" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">BMNH 1947.2.24.9</specimenCode>
|
||||
designated
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54CDBEF66548FFC0FD3634C4FCA2DAE4" box="[762,865,1168,1194]" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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by
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE77DA56548FFC0FC4634C5FB67DAE4" author="Ingram, G. & Corben, C." box="[906,1188,1168,1195]" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" pagination="475 - 478" refId="ref30117" refString="Ingram, G. & Corben, C. (1990) Litoria electrica: a new treefrog from western Queensland. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 28 (2), 475-478." type="journal article" year="1990">Ingram & Corben (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. Type locality: “North coast of Australia;
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”,
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<collectingRegion id="49B2CEB66548FFC0FDE434E0FD3BDA80" box="[552,760,1204,1230]" country="Australia" name="Northern Territory" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">Northern Territory</collectingRegion>
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,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C46548FFC0FCCE34E0FCAFDA80" box="[770,876,1204,1230]" name="Australia" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546548FFC0FF0B348CFE6ADB58" blockId="27.[151,1437,1132,2023]" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466548FFC0FF0B348CFE73DABC" bold="true" box="[199,432,1240,1266]" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||||
Details of the 67
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76548FFC0FDBE348DFCD4DABC" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[626,791,1240,1266]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466548FFC0FDBE348DFCD4DABC" box="[626,791,1240,1266]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">Litoria rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
vouchered specimens measured:
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D70CBDD6548FFC0FB47348CFAC7DABC" box="[1163,1284,1240,1266]" count="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" type="female">29 females</specimenCount>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D70CBDD6548FFC0FAF5348CFA5FDABC" box="[1337,1436,1240,1266]" count="38" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" type="male">38 males</specimenCount>
|
||||
are presented in
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6F435EF6548FFC0FE8334A8FE60DB58" box="[335,419,1276,1302]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,239,1648,1672]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1. Details of specimens and genetic samples used for molecular genetic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analyses, and morphological analysis (Morph; sex noted). GenBank accession numbers are provided for the mitochondrial data. Abbreviations refer to museum collections (see text for details)." pageId="27" pageNumber="296">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C36C53DF6548FFC0FF0B3574FD37D85C" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546548FFC0FF0B3574FD37D85C" blockId="27.[151,1437,1132,2023]" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466548FFC0FF0B3574FE5CDB74" bold="true" box="[199,415,1312,1338]" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">Revised diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||||
This species is assigned to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76548FFC0FD0B3575FCD6DB74" authorityName="Tschudi" authorityYear="1838" box="[711,789,1313,1338]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466548FFC0FD0B3575FCD6DB74" box="[711,789,1313,1338]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">Litoria</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
based on the presence of a horizontally oriented contracted pupil and the absence of a palpebral reticulum (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE77DA56548FFC0FD0A3510FC01DB10" author="Tyler, M. J. & Davies, M." box="[710,962,1348,1374]" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" pagination="219 - 224" refId="ref33206" refString="Tyler, M. J. & Davies, M. (1978) Phylogenetic relationships of Australian hyline and neotropical Phyllomedusine frogs of the Family Hylidae. Herpetologica, 34 (2), 219-224." type="journal article" year="1978">Tyler & Davies 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It exhibits typical characteristics of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76548FFC0FF5B353DFEFFDBCC" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[151,316,1384,1410]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466548FFC0FF5B353DFEFFDBCC" box="[151,316,1384,1410]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">Litoria rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species complex: small head, rudimentarily webbed fingers, partially webbed toes, dark dorsolateral stripes and a high-pitched, multi-pulsed call. It is morphologically indistinguishable from other species in the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76548FFC0FA4A35D9FF2BDB84" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466548FFC0FA4A35D9FF2BDB84" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">L. rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species complex and must be diagnosed using molecular data and/or location. From a genetic perspective, 17, 16 and 20 sites in the mitochondrial
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466548FFC0FD953580FD4CDBA0" box="[601,655,1492,1518]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">ND4</emphasis>
|
||||
alignment reliably diagnose
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76548FFC0FC1F3581FB81DBA0" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[979,1090,1492,1518]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466548FFC0FC1F3581FB81DBA0" box="[979,1090,1492,1518]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">L. rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76548FFC0FB4A3581FB3CDBA0" box="[1158,1279,1492,1518]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capitula">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466548FFC0FB4A3581FB3CDBA0" box="[1158,1279,1492,1518]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">L. capitula</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76548FFC0FAC13581FAB7DBA0" authorityName="Purser & Doughty & Rowley & Böhme & Donnellan & Mitchell & Shea & Amey & Mitchell & Catullo" authorityYear="2025" box="[1293,1396,1493,1518]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466548FFC0FAC13581FAB7DBA0" box="[1293,1396,1493,1518]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">L. pyrina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466548FFC0FAB73580FF0BD85C" bold="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A231613D6548FFC0FAB73580FF0BD85C" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76548FFC0FF3335ADFE51D85C" authorityName="Purser & Doughty & Rowley & Böhme & Donnellan & Mitchell & Shea & Amey & Mitchell & Catullo" authorityYear="2025" box="[255,402,1528,1554]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="larisonans" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466548FFC0FF3335ADFE51D85C" box="[255,402,1528,1554]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">L. larisonans</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466548FFC0FE5535ACFE30D85C" bold="true" box="[409,499,1528,1554]" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A231613D6548FFC0FE5535ACFE30D85C" box="[409,499,1528,1554]" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
respectively (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6F435EF6548FFC0FD5C35ACFD25D85C" box="[656,742,1528,1554]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,239,1232,1256]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="TABLE 3. Diagnostic nucleotide differences between species within the L. rubella species complex in the mitochondrial ND4 gene. Nucleotide positions are numbered with respect to the Phyllomedusa bahiana mitochondrial genome (GenBank accession: NC_067554)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0950DC655CFFD4FF5B3484FE5DDB7E" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" tableUuid="DF0950DC655CFFD4FF5B3484FE5DDB7E">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C36C53DF6548FFC6FF0B3648FF28D967" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="298" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546548FFC7FF0B3648FD71DFE3" blockId="27.[151,1437,1132,2023]" lastBlockId="28.[151,1436,151,429]" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="297" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466548FFC0FF0B3648FE9AD878" bold="true" box="[199,345,1564,1590]" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">Description.</emphasis>
|
||||
No data on type specimens are presented. Examination of images of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54CDBEF66548FFC0FB603649FAC0D879" box="[1196,1283,1565,1591]" pageId="27" pageNumber="296" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD16548FFC0FAD93648FAA4D878" box="[1301,1383,1564,1590]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="28.[151,250,860,884]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,453,836]" captionTargetId="figure-146@28.[151,1436,453,836]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 11. (A) Dorsal and (B) ventral photos of the Litoria rubella lectotype (BMNH 1947.2.24.9) in preservation. (photos P. Doughty)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954370" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954370/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="296">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||||
) are consistent with the description presented here. Measurement ranges and means are presented in
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6F435EF6548FFC0FB033614FAE7D815" box="[1231,1316,1600,1627]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="21.[151,235,151,175]" captionTargetId="graphics-56@21.[151,1437,359,1947]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="TABLE 5. Summary of morphological variation (mean±SD, and range in mm) in Litoria rubella species complex. Sample sizes are in parentheses after sex (M or F). Due to the quality of the vouchers, fewer measurements were available for L. capitula." pageId="27" pageNumber="296">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||||
. Moderate body size, females generally larger than males; body slightly to moderately flattened and wide; head small (HDL/SUL = 0.23–0.30), slightly flattened (HD/SUL = 0.11–0.21), and narrow (HDW/SUL = 0.24–0.31); head length equal to width (HDL/HDW = 0.84–1.14); snout triangular in dorsal view, tip of snout blunt to moderately pointed (IND/IOD = 0.32–0.71), rounded in profile; canthus rostralis rounded; loreal region steep, flat to concave when considered in conjunction with upper labial margin; crown of head flat; nares ovate, on anterolateral edge of snout, oriented dorsolaterally; eyes small to moderate (EYE/HDL = 0.23–0.39), pupils oriented horizontally; eye to naris distance most often larger than eye diameter (EN/EYE = 0.69–1.65); tympanum circular with flat to marginally raised annulus; supratympanic fold poorly to well developed, angling posteroventrally towards site of arm attachment; tympanum usually smaller than eye (TMP/EYE = 0.54–1.14); arms short to moderate ([UAL+LAL]/SUL = 0.24–0.35) and thin; fingers with basal webbing; relative length of fingers I<IV<II<III; tips of fingers with well-developed discs, distinct circum-marginal grooves and narrow fringing; discs relatively wide compared to width of the penultimate phalanx (3FDW/3FW = 1.33–3.00); subarticular tubercles rounded; metacarpal tubercles ovate; nuptial pads cover entire basal half of finger I on anterior (inner) surface, continuing on dorsal side only on middle of finger and tapering away from anterior (inner) edge of finger I; hindlimbs short (TIB/SUL = 0.28–0.41); relative length of toes I<II<III~V<IV; toes with well-developed terminal discs, distinct circumarginal grooves and narrow fringing; discs slightly smaller than those of fingers (4TDW/4DW = 1.10–2.67); subarticular tubercles distinct, rounded; inner metatarsal tubercle distinct, spatulate; outer metatarsal tubercle absent; toes partially webbed, extending to or beyond distal tubercles of all toes except IV, webbing generally extending between penultimate and distal tubercle and sometimes beyond distal tubercle on toe IV.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF0950DC654FFFC7FF5B3308FEDBDDD6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954370" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14954370" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954370/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="297" startId="28.[151,250,860,884]" targetBox="[151,1436,453,836]" targetPageId="28" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054654FFFC7FF5B3308FEDBDDD6" blockId="28.[151,1436,860,920]" pageId="28" pageNumber="297">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654FFFC7FF5B3308FEDADD3A" bold="true" box="[151,281,860,884]" pageId="28" pageNumber="297">FIGURE 11</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654FFFC7FEE23308FE83DD3A" bold="true" box="[302,320,860,884]" pageId="28" pageNumber="297">A</emphasis>
|
||||
) Dorsal and (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654FFFC7FE023308FE1CDD3A" bold="true" box="[462,479,860,884]" pageId="28" pageNumber="297">B</emphasis>
|
||||
) ventral photos of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654FFFC7FD0B3309FC9DDD3A" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[711,862,860,884]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="297" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654FFFC7FD0B3309FC9DDD3A" box="[711,862,860,884]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="297">Litoria rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
lectotype (BMNH 1947.2.24.9) in preservation. (photos P. Doughty).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF0950DC654FFFC7FF5B3671FCEDD8E4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954372" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14954372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954372/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="297" startId="28.[151,250,1573,1597]" targetBox="[151,1437,980,1550]" targetPageId="28" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054654FFFC7FF5B3671FCEDD8E4" blockId="28.[151,1437,1573,1706]" pageId="28" pageNumber="297">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654FFFC7FF5B3671FEDDD873" bold="true" box="[151,286,1573,1597]" pageId="28" pageNumber="297">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654FFFC7FEEF3672FE7BD870" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[291,440,1574,1598]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="297" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654FFFC7FEEF3672FE7BD870" box="[291,440,1574,1598]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="297">Litoria rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in life. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654FFFC7FDC73671FDDED873" bold="true" box="[523,541,1573,1597]" pageId="28" pageNumber="297">A</emphasis>
|
||||
) WAM R173883 from Drysdale River National Park, WA (photo R.J. Ellis); (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654FFFC7FAEE3672FAF0D870" bold="true" box="[1314,1331,1574,1598]" pageId="28" pageNumber="297">B</emphasis>
|
||||
) MAGNT R38299 from 70 km SW of Katherine, NT (photo M. Whitehead); (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654FFFC7FCF5361DFC88D82F" bold="true" box="[825,843,1609,1633]" pageId="28" pageNumber="297">C</emphasis>
|
||||
) unvouchered from Fogg Dam, NT (photo R. Francis); (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654FFFC7FA4D361EFA50D82C" bold="true" box="[1409,1427,1610,1634]" pageId="28" pageNumber="297">D</emphasis>
|
||||
) unvouchered from the West MacDonnell Ranges, NT (photo D. Esquerre); (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654FFFC7FC51363AFC6DD8C8" bold="true" box="[925,942,1646,1670]" pageId="28" pageNumber="297">E</emphasis>
|
||||
) unvouchered from near Dubbo NSW (photo C. Nagle); and (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654FFFC7FED136C6FEEFD8E4" bold="true" box="[285,300,1682,1706]" pageId="28" pageNumber="297">F</emphasis>
|
||||
) from the Flinders Ranges, SA (photo R. Francis).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054654FFFC7FF0B368CFB3AD958" blockId="28.[151,1437,1752,2030]" pageId="28" pageNumber="297">Skin of dorsal surface smooth, lacking dorsolateral folds, parotoid glands, and ridges; glandular tissue generally located between mouth and arm; ventral surface of body finely granular, generally smooth on limbs.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054654FFFC6FF0B3774FE10DFBB" blockId="28.[151,1437,1752,2030]" lastBlockId="29.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="298" pageId="28" pageNumber="297">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654FFFC7FF0B3774FEE3D974" bold="true" box="[199,288,1824,1850]" pageId="28" pageNumber="297">Colour.</emphasis>
|
||||
Colour variation is described from six in-life photographs (see
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD1654FFFC7FBDD3774FBA5D974" box="[1041,1126,1824,1850]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1573,1597]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,980,1550]" captionTargetId="figure-174@28.[151,1437,980,1550]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 12. Litoria rubella in life. (A) WAM R173883 from Drysdale River National Park, WA (photo R.J. Ellis); (B) MAGNT R38299 from 70 km SW of Katherine, NT (photo M. Whitehead); (C) unvouchered from Fogg Dam, NT (photo R. Francis); (D) unvouchered from the West MacDonnell Ranges, NT (photo D. Esquerre); (E) unvouchered from near Dubbo NSW (photo C. Nagle); and (F) from the Flinders Ranges, SA (photo R. Francis)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954372/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="297">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||||
), and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654FFFC7FB7F3775FB3FD974" box="[1203,1276,1825,1850]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="297">in situ</emphasis>
|
||||
observations. Dorsal colouration broadly uniform across the head, body and outer surface of limbs; across individuals the dorsal colouration can be fawn, cream, brown, rich chocolate-brown, red-brown, brick-red, grey, or a metallic grey or gold, sometimes whitish in the day; extent of dark brown pigmentation on dorsal surface and appendages highly variable, in some individuals forming small specks or marbling, often with two larger dorsolateral streaks in the inguinal region. Ventral surface uniformly whitish to cream, always lighter than dorsal surface; gradual to sharp contrast between dorsal and ventral colouration over dorsolateral region, generally coincides with lateral head stripe when present. Often an indistinct pale patch below eye, variable in lightness and extent among individuals. Distinctly darker lateral stripe originating from a V-shape hiatus on tip of snout, wrapping around nares, passing through eye and tympanum, dissipating variably from above attachment of arm to more posteriorly towards groin, generally more diffuse posteriorly, contrast and intensity varies from well-defined and dark to pale and poorly contrasted; yellow pigment in inguinal region and occasionally on posterior of arm and foot. Posterior of thighs ranging from yellow to dull orange, with dark marbling in some individuals. Iris golden to copper-brown, sometimes with thin line of red surrounding iris. Male gular pigmentation dark brown; nuptial pads light to dark brown. In preservative, reddish hues over body tend to be lost, colour and contrast of dorsolateral stripe usually fades, colour of thighs tends to be lost, colour of iris lost.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054654EFFC6FF0B31ABFBEBDC73" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654EFFC6FF0B31ABFEE8DC57" box="[199,299,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">Embryos</emphasis>
|
||||
. Embryos were measured live. Mean diameter of 18 ova (stages 8–9) from
|
||||
<quantity id="4C8EADB1654EFFC6FBBB31AAFB7DDC57" box="[1143,1214,510,537]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="29" pageNumber="298" unit="km" value="85.0">85 km</quantity>
|
||||
SE Darwin was
|
||||
<quantity id="4C8EADB1654EFFC6FAB531ABFF00DC73" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="298" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(0.9–1.0); mean capsule diameter of
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D70CBDD654EFFC6FDA93276FD78DC73" box="[613,699,546,573]" count="15" pageId="29" pageNumber="298" type="egg">15 eggs</specimenCount>
|
||||
(stage 8) was
|
||||
<quantity id="4C8EADB1654EFFC6FC913277FC70DC73" box="[861,947,547,573]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="29" pageNumber="298" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(1.5–2.1).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054654EFFC6FF0B3213FF7DDD13" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654EFFC6FF0B3213FDC8DC2F" box="[199,523,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">Tadpole body and tail shape.</emphasis>
|
||||
Tadpoles are described from Kununurra (WA), near Fogg Dam and Marara (NT), Tennant Creek (NT), Ormiston Gorge, Simpson’s Gap (MacDonnell Ranges, NT) and Girilambone and Cobar, western NSW. Description is as for general description in Systematics Section, but tadpoles from central
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C4654EFFC6FAF932DBFA5FDCE7" box="[1333,1436,655,681]" name="Australia" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and NSW tended to grow larger than those from northern
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C4654EFFC6FCE232E7FC56DC83" box="[814,917,691,717]" name="Australia" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6F435EF654EFFC6FC6832E7FC3EDC83" box="[932,1021,691,717]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="24.[151,238,512,536]" captionTargetId="graphics-203@24.[151,1436,658,1906]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="TABLE 6. Variation in tadpole size. Tadpoles of each species (stages 33–40). N = number of individuals, ST = Gosner (1960) developmental stage, TL = total length, BL = body length (mm) in lateral view from tip of snout to body/tail junction." pageId="29" pageNumber="298">Table 6</tableCitation>
|
||||
). Mid-dorsal profile may be slightly convex in some specimens (e.g., Tennant Creek area) otherwise profile was not convex in shape, rising gradually to tail/body junction (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD1654EFFC6FEA032AFFE06DD5B" box="[364,453,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="23.[151,247,1815,1839]" captionTargetBox="[254,1334,152,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[252,1336,151,1802]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 8. Tadpoles of the Litoria rubella species complex in life. (A, B) Litoria rubella stage 37, lateral view, Micket Creek, Darwin, NT; (C) L. rubella dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41 and 35, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (D) L. rubella, dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41, 35, 108 km N. Threeways Roadhouse, NT; (E) L. rubella, in natural habitat, dorsal view, showing characteristic darker middorsal patch, 9 km W. Cobar, NSW; (F) L. pyrina sp. nov., lateral view, stage 38, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (G) L. pyrina sp. nov., dorsal view, stages (from top) 43, 41, 40, 29, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (H, I) L. larisonans sp. nov. leucistic individual, stage 37, lateral view, dorsal view, 3.3 km N. Carnarvon, WA; (J) L. rubella, stage 45, 137 km N. Tennant Ck, NT; (K) L. rubella, stage 45, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (L) L. larisonans sp. nov. stage 46, Carnarvon, WA; (M) L. pyrina sp. nov., stage 46, Julatten, Qld" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954366/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Origin of dorsal fin is in proximity of the tail/body junction, rising to maximum height over middle of tail. Specimens from central
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C4654EFFC6FD49334BFD2FDD77" box="[645,748,799,825]" name="Australia" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and NSW tended to have a slight dip preceding rise of dorsal fin.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054654EFFC6FF0B3333FAC8DA17" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654EFFC6FF0B3333FE7CDDCF" box="[199,447,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">Tadpole colour in life.</emphasis>
|
||||
Description applies to all localities. Dorsal view: Somewhat transparent in earlier stages with darker eyes, brain, abdomen and vertebral region, becoming increasingly opaque or sandy golden to brown, copper-brown, grey-brown or dark brown with or without darker stippling or mottling as tadpole grows (stage 30 onwards;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD1654EFFC6FEC93387FE01DDA3" box="[261,450,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="23.[151,247,1815,1839]" captionTargetBox="[254,1334,152,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[252,1336,151,1802]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 8. Tadpoles of the Litoria rubella species complex in life. (A, B) Litoria rubella stage 37, lateral view, Micket Creek, Darwin, NT; (C) L. rubella dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41 and 35, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (D) L. rubella, dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41, 35, 108 km N. Threeways Roadhouse, NT; (E) L. rubella, in natural habitat, dorsal view, showing characteristic darker middorsal patch, 9 km W. Cobar, NSW; (F) L. pyrina sp. nov., lateral view, stage 38, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (G) L. pyrina sp. nov., dorsal view, stages (from top) 43, 41, 40, 29, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (H, I) L. larisonans sp. nov. leucistic individual, stage 37, lateral view, dorsal view, 3.3 km N. Carnarvon, WA; (J) L. rubella, stage 45, 137 km N. Tennant Ck, NT; (K) L. rubella, stage 45, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (L) L. larisonans sp. nov. stage 46, Carnarvon, WA; (M) L. pyrina sp. nov., stage 46, Julatten, Qld" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954366/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">Fig. 8A, B, C, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). A darker mid-dorsal patch on either side of vertebral region develops from about stage 33 (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD1654EFFC6FF0933A3FE8BDA5F" box="[197,328,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="23.[151,247,1815,1839]" captionTargetBox="[254,1334,152,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[252,1336,151,1802]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 8. Tadpoles of the Litoria rubella species complex in life. (A, B) Litoria rubella stage 37, lateral view, Micket Creek, Darwin, NT; (C) L. rubella dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41 and 35, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (D) L. rubella, dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41, 35, 108 km N. Threeways Roadhouse, NT; (E) L. rubella, in natural habitat, dorsal view, showing characteristic darker middorsal patch, 9 km W. Cobar, NSW; (F) L. pyrina sp. nov., lateral view, stage 38, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (G) L. pyrina sp. nov., dorsal view, stages (from top) 43, 41, 40, 29, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (H, I) L. larisonans sp. nov. leucistic individual, stage 37, lateral view, dorsal view, 3.3 km N. Carnarvon, WA; (J) L. rubella, stage 45, 137 km N. Tennant Ck, NT; (K) L. rubella, stage 45, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (L) L. larisonans sp. nov. stage 46, Carnarvon, WA; (M) L. pyrina sp. nov., stage 46, Julatten, Qld" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954366/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">Fig. 8 C–E</figureCitation>
|
||||
), and from about stage 40 onwards, a dark longitudinal patch develops on each side of vertebral region towards tail junction. Dorsal surface of tail muscle may have melanophores of varying concentration forming fine stippling anteriorly (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD1654EFFC6FE63346BFDC5DA17" box="[431,518,1087,1113]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="23.[151,247,1815,1839]" captionTargetBox="[254,1334,152,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[252,1336,151,1802]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 8. Tadpoles of the Litoria rubella species complex in life. (A, B) Litoria rubella stage 37, lateral view, Micket Creek, Darwin, NT; (C) L. rubella dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41 and 35, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (D) L. rubella, dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41, 35, 108 km N. Threeways Roadhouse, NT; (E) L. rubella, in natural habitat, dorsal view, showing characteristic darker middorsal patch, 9 km W. Cobar, NSW; (F) L. pyrina sp. nov., lateral view, stage 38, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (G) L. pyrina sp. nov., dorsal view, stages (from top) 43, 41, 40, 29, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (H, I) L. larisonans sp. nov. leucistic individual, stage 37, lateral view, dorsal view, 3.3 km N. Carnarvon, WA; (J) L. rubella, stage 45, 137 km N. Tennant Ck, NT; (K) L. rubella, stage 45, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (L) L. larisonans sp. nov. stage 46, Carnarvon, WA; (M) L. pyrina sp. nov., stage 46, Julatten, Qld" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954366/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
|
||||
) to darker patches or transverse bands along its length (e.g.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD1654EFFC6FB64346BFB3DDA17" box="[1192,1278,1087,1113]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="23.[151,247,1815,1839]" captionTargetBox="[254,1334,152,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[252,1336,151,1802]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 8. Tadpoles of the Litoria rubella species complex in life. (A, B) Litoria rubella stage 37, lateral view, Micket Creek, Darwin, NT; (C) L. rubella dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41 and 35, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (D) L. rubella, dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41, 35, 108 km N. Threeways Roadhouse, NT; (E) L. rubella, in natural habitat, dorsal view, showing characteristic darker middorsal patch, 9 km W. Cobar, NSW; (F) L. pyrina sp. nov., lateral view, stage 38, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (G) L. pyrina sp. nov., dorsal view, stages (from top) 43, 41, 40, 29, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (H, I) L. larisonans sp. nov. leucistic individual, stage 37, lateral view, dorsal view, 3.3 km N. Carnarvon, WA; (J) L. rubella, stage 45, 137 km N. Tennant Ck, NT; (K) L. rubella, stage 45, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (L) L. larisonans sp. nov. stage 46, Carnarvon, WA; (M) L. pyrina sp. nov., stage 46, Julatten, Qld" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954366/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">Fig. 8E</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054654EFFC6FF0B3437FD4FDB43" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">
|
||||
Lateral view (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD1654EFFC6FEA83437FE7CDA33" box="[356,447,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="23.[151,247,1815,1839]" captionTargetBox="[254,1334,152,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[252,1336,151,1802]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 8. Tadpoles of the Litoria rubella species complex in life. (A, B) Litoria rubella stage 37, lateral view, Micket Creek, Darwin, NT; (C) L. rubella dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41 and 35, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (D) L. rubella, dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41, 35, 108 km N. Threeways Roadhouse, NT; (E) L. rubella, in natural habitat, dorsal view, showing characteristic darker middorsal patch, 9 km W. Cobar, NSW; (F) L. pyrina sp. nov., lateral view, stage 38, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (G) L. pyrina sp. nov., dorsal view, stages (from top) 43, 41, 40, 29, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (H, I) L. larisonans sp. nov. leucistic individual, stage 37, lateral view, dorsal view, 3.3 km N. Carnarvon, WA; (J) L. rubella, stage 45, 137 km N. Tennant Ck, NT; (K) L. rubella, stage 45, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (L) L. larisonans sp. nov. stage 46, Carnarvon, WA; (M) L. pyrina sp. nov., stage 46, Julatten, Qld" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954366/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
|
||||
): Dorsal pigment extends laterally down over body meeting opaque white with a copper sheen colouring and fine mottling in some individuals on the lower half of abdomen. Sides of tail muscle with fine melanophores or mottling, may have darker line along midline, and dorsal and ventral edges. Ventral view: Abdomen mostly opaque white with copper sheen, anterior half of body usually clearer, often with copper sheen over heart and scattered fine copper clusters.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054654EFFC6FF0B3543FB27D847" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654EFFC6FF0B3543FE9FDB7F" box="[199,348,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">Metamorphs.</emphasis>
|
||||
A sample of six metamorphs from northern NT ranged from
|
||||
<quantity id="4C8EADB1654EFFC6FBE23543FB10DB7F" box="[1070,1235,1303,1329]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.24" metricValueMax="1.34" metricValueMin="1.14" pageId="29" pageNumber="298" unit="mm" value="12.4" valueMax="13.4" valueMin="11.4">11.4–13.4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
SVL (mean
|
||||
<quantity id="4C8EADB1654EFFC6FAA73543FF04DB1B" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="29" pageNumber="298" unit="mm" value="12.7">12.7 mm</quantity>
|
||||
), seven from western NSW 13.2–18.0 mm (mean
|
||||
<quantity id="4C8EADB1654EFFC6FD30356EFCA2DB1B" box="[764,865,1338,1365]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.53" pageId="29" pageNumber="298" unit="mm" value="15.3">15.3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
) and 13 from central
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B2CEB6654EFFC6FB9A356FFAE6DB1B" box="[1110,1317,1339,1365]" country="Australia" name="Northern Territory" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">Northern Territory</collectingRegion>
|
||||
14.0–
|
||||
<quantity id="4C8EADB1654EFFC6FAA0356FFF00DB37" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8399999999999999" pageId="29" pageNumber="298" unit="mm" value="18.4">18.4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(mean
|
||||
<quantity id="4C8EADB1654EFFC6FED5350BFE41DB37" box="[281,386,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.63" pageId="29" pageNumber="298" unit="mm" value="16.3">16.3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
). Metamorphs from central NT and western NSW are reddish-brown or lighter brown with a dark streak on either side of vertebral region and a dark patch on each side in inguinal region. Dark lateral stripe as for adult but less defined. The iris is coppery red (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD1654EFFC6FD0B35F3FCD5DB8F" box="[711,790,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="23.[151,247,1815,1839]" captionTargetBox="[254,1334,152,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[252,1336,151,1802]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 8. Tadpoles of the Litoria rubella species complex in life. (A, B) Litoria rubella stage 37, lateral view, Micket Creek, Darwin, NT; (C) L. rubella dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41 and 35, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (D) L. rubella, dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41, 35, 108 km N. Threeways Roadhouse, NT; (E) L. rubella, in natural habitat, dorsal view, showing characteristic darker middorsal patch, 9 km W. Cobar, NSW; (F) L. pyrina sp. nov., lateral view, stage 38, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (G) L. pyrina sp. nov., dorsal view, stages (from top) 43, 41, 40, 29, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (H, I) L. larisonans sp. nov. leucistic individual, stage 37, lateral view, dorsal view, 3.3 km N. Carnarvon, WA; (J) L. rubella, stage 45, 137 km N. Tennant Ck, NT; (K) L. rubella, stage 45, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (L) L. larisonans sp. nov. stage 46, Carnarvon, WA; (M) L. pyrina sp. nov., stage 46, Julatten, Qld" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954366/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">Fig. 8J</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Metamorphs from northern NT (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD1654EFFC6FB5B35F3FB2DDB8F" box="[1175,1262,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="23.[151,247,1815,1839]" captionTargetBox="[254,1334,152,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[252,1336,151,1802]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 8. Tadpoles of the Litoria rubella species complex in life. (A, B) Litoria rubella stage 37, lateral view, Micket Creek, Darwin, NT; (C) L. rubella dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41 and 35, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (D) L. rubella, dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41, 35, 108 km N. Threeways Roadhouse, NT; (E) L. rubella, in natural habitat, dorsal view, showing characteristic darker middorsal patch, 9 km W. Cobar, NSW; (F) L. pyrina sp. nov., lateral view, stage 38, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (G) L. pyrina sp. nov., dorsal view, stages (from top) 43, 41, 40, 29, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (H, I) L. larisonans sp. nov. leucistic individual, stage 37, lateral view, dorsal view, 3.3 km N. Carnarvon, WA; (J) L. rubella, stage 45, 137 km N. Tennant Ck, NT; (K) L. rubella, stage 45, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (L) L. larisonans sp. nov. stage 46, Carnarvon, WA; (M) L. pyrina sp. nov., stage 46, Julatten, Qld" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954366/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">Fig. 8K</figureCitation>
|
||||
) are noticeably different from those of all other regions (e.g.,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD1654EFFC6FD5A359FFD27DBAB" box="[662,740,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="23.[151,247,1815,1839]" captionTargetBox="[254,1334,152,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[252,1336,151,1802]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 8. Tadpoles of the Litoria rubella species complex in life. (A, B) Litoria rubella stage 37, lateral view, Micket Creek, Darwin, NT; (C) L. rubella dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41 and 35, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (D) L. rubella, dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41, 35, 108 km N. Threeways Roadhouse, NT; (E) L. rubella, in natural habitat, dorsal view, showing characteristic darker middorsal patch, 9 km W. Cobar, NSW; (F) L. pyrina sp. nov., lateral view, stage 38, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (G) L. pyrina sp. nov., dorsal view, stages (from top) 43, 41, 40, 29, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (H, I) L. larisonans sp. nov. leucistic individual, stage 37, lateral view, dorsal view, 3.3 km N. Carnarvon, WA; (J) L. rubella, stage 45, 137 km N. Tennant Ck, NT; (K) L. rubella, stage 45, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (L) L. larisonans sp. nov. stage 46, Carnarvon, WA; (M) L. pyrina sp. nov., stage 46, Julatten, Qld" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954366/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">Fig. 8J</figureCitation>
|
||||
), consistently having a prominent rich brown mid-dorsal band dissected by a fine cream vertebral line and contrasting paler cream sides. The iris is reddish-gold.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054654EFFC6FF0B3646FF28D967" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654EFFC6FF0B3646FE73D863" bold="true" box="[199,432,1554,1581]" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">Advertisement call.</emphasis>
|
||||
The advertisement call of all populations of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654EFFC6FC603647FBD8D863" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[940,1051,1555,1581]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="298" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654EFFC6FC603647FBD8D863" box="[940,1051,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">L. rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
comprises a single, highly-pulsed note. Populations of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654EFFC6FE4D3663FE33D81F" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[385,496,1591,1617]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="298" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654EFFC6FE4D3663FE33D81F" box="[385,496,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">L. rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(n=21) from the monsoon tropics differ from inland arid and semi-arid populations (n=26) in their call characteristics (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6F435EF654EFFC6FDEB360FFDBCD83B" box="[551,639,1627,1653]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,239,1158,1182]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="TABLE 4. Summary of temperature-corrected advertisement call characters for each species overall, and for lineages within L. rubella and L. pyrina sp. nov. N = number of individuals analysed. Columns contain the average±standard deviation, minimum and maximum." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0950DC6540FFC8FF5B34D2FDD4DAA8" pageId="29" pageNumber="298" tableUuid="DF0950DC6540FFC8FF5B34D2FDD4DAA8">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD1654EFFC6FD40360FFD39D83B" box="[652,762,1626,1653]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 5" captionStart-1="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="18.[151,250,1721,1745]" captionStartId-1="19.[151,250,978,1002]" captionTargetBox-0="[152,1430,418,1695]" captionTargetBox-1="[155,1430,183,949]" captionTargetId-0="figure-180@18.[151,1436,417,1698]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,954]" captionTargetPageId-0="18" captionTargetPageId-1="19" captionText-0="FIGURE 5. Male advertisement calls. Violin plots of (A) temperature-corrected pulse number, (B) dominant frequency, (C) call duration, and (E) pulse rate by lineage. Recordings of calls from a genetically unsampled area are classified as unknown (green). A map of all recordings is shown in (F). Dominant frequency (B), which varies geographically in L. rubella sensu stricto, is shown plotted by longitude (D). Unknown samples are more similar in dominant frequency to L. rubella MDB than to L. pyrina sp. nov. S. Where L. rubella calls resemble L. pyrina sp. nov., they are geographically separated; the sole L. pyrina sp. nov. S with a similar dominant frequency to the unknown sample (D, yellow dot in green) is from the northernmost location of L. pyrina sp. nov. S." captionText-1="FIGURE 6. Oscillograms and spectrograms for Litoria rubella (A-D), the L. larisonans sp. nov. holotype (WAM R174603); E), and L. pyrina sp. nov. (G-H). Geographic variation in calls of L. rubella and L. pyrina sp. nov. is shown, with locations for each figure shown in (F) and lineage designations matching Fig. 5. Calls recorded by P. Doughy (A & E), R. Catullo (C & G), and through the FrogID citizen science project (B, D & H)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954358" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954360" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14954358/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14954360/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">Figs. 5–6</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Individuals from the monsoonal northern populations had a mean call duration of 0.36–
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654EFFC6FE2E362BFDE5D8D7" box="[482,550,1663,1689]" degrees="0.66" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="298" precision="555" value="-0.66">0.66 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
and an individual average of 25–42 uniformly spaced pulses repeated at a rate of 57.0–80.9 pulses/s. The dominant frequency was 1.72–3.00 kHz. Individuals from the inland populations had a mean call duration of 0.48–
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654EFFC6FE003693FDCCD8AF" box="[460,527,1735,1761]" degrees="0.87" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="298" precision="555" value="-0.87">0.87 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
and an individual average of 31–56 uniformly spaced pulses repeated at a rate of 43.20–78.04 pulses/s. The dominant frequency was 1.29–2.00 kHz. The call of the New
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C4654EFFC6FB4936BFFB15D94B" box="[1157,1238,1771,1797]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
population is not known.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C36C53DF654EFFC5FF0B3766FF27DF0F" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="299" pageId="29" pageNumber="298" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054654EFFC5FF0B3766FF27DF0F" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="30.[151,1437,151,1041]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="299" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654EFFC6FF0B3766FE7CD903" bold="true" box="[199,447,1842,1869]" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">Habitat and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654EFFC6FE043767FDACD903" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[456,623,1843,1869]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="298" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654EFFC6FE043767FDACD903" box="[456,623,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">Litoria rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is distributed across an enormous precipitation gradient. The species is commonly recorded via FrogID (>7,000 records from
|
||||
<date id="FFC82694654EFFC6FCCD3703FC1FD93F" box="[769,988,1879,1905]" pageId="29" pageNumber="298" value="2017-11-10">10 November 2017</date>
|
||||
–
|
||||
<date id="FFC82694654EFFC6FC273703FB41D93F" box="[1003,1154,1879,1905]" pageId="29" pageNumber="298" value="2023-07-30">30 July 2023</date>
|
||||
), and is frequently heard calling in disturbed areas, with 27% of FrogID records of the species from suburban or urban habitats and 36% of records in rural areas.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654EFFC6FE5E37CBFDFAD9F7" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[402,569,1951,1977]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="298" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654EFFC6FE5E37CBFDFAD9F7" box="[402,569,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="298">Litoria rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has been detected calling in all months via the FrogID project but has a core calling season from October to March, with a peak in November to February. One of the most encountered and abundant frogs in human-populated areas where they are frequently found in sinks, drainpipes, and toilets (RAC, PD, pers. obs.). In hot and dry environments, they are generally found resting in a water-conserving posture with a whitish colouration to reduce cutaneous water loss.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654DFFC5FD11308BFC40DEB7" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[733,899,223,249]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FD11308BFC40DEB7" box="[733,899,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Litoria rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
breeds primarily in lentic waterbodies, with the majority of FrogID records of this species documented at small ponds (32%), flooded areas (21%) and large ponds (17%).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C36C53DF654DFFC5FF0B311EFBAEDC73" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054654DFFC5FF0B311EFBAEDC73" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,1041]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FF0B311EFDBCDF2B" bold="true" box="[199,639,330,357]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Distribution and conservation status.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654DFFC5FD4A311FFCE8DF2B" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[646,811,331,357]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FD4A311FFCE8DF2B" box="[646,811,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Litoria rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is widely distributed over the arid biome and Australian Monsoonal Tropics Biome in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C4654DFFC5FE38313BFD9DDFC7" box="[500,606,367,393]" name="Australia" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, and in southern mainland New
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C4654DFFC5FC12313BFBECDFC7" box="[990,1071,367,393]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD1654DFFC5FB8F313BFB57DFC7" box="[1091,1172,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1144,1168]" captionTargetBox="[152,1433,183,1118]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[151,1436,181,1120]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of the mitochondrial ND4 gene for the L. rubella species group. Ultrafast bootstrap support values are shown on each branch. Symbols on the phylogeny match the distribution of each clade in the map (lower left). The widespread highly genetically structured L. rubella (lower grey box in phylogeny) is shown as a variety of squares in the map, ranging from New Guinea through the arid zone." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954350" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954350/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD1654DFFC5FB73313BFB13DFC7" box="[1215,1232,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1742,1766]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,454,1716]" captionTargetId="figure-150@17.[151,1436,453,1719]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. (A) Bayesian clustering of individuals based on filtered SNPs for the L. rubella species complex, as estimated by the program STRUCTURE. (B) Proportions on pie charts correspond to the ancestry coefficients of individuals as shown in (A). Geographically structured lineages are identified in L. rubella." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954356" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954356/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
); in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C4654DFFC5FAC4313BFAACDFC7" box="[1288,1391,367,393]" name="Australia" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
the range boundary forms east of the Great Victorian and Gibson Deserts, north of the Great Sandy Desert, west of the Carpentarian barrier and Great Dividing Range, and extends south as far as the Flinders Ranges. Although its conservation status requires formal reassessment, it meets the criteria for Least Concern (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE77DA5654DFFC5FB5A318FFE5ADC57" author="IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" refId="ref30208" refString="IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group. (2022) Litoria rubella. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2022: e. T 41110 A 78451019. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-2.RLTS.T41110A78451019.en" type="journal volume" year="2022">IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) due to its very large distribution (Extent of Occurrence>3 million km
|
||||
<superScript id="7C03AD1C654DFFC5FB1931AAFB1EDC42" attach="left" box="[1237,1245,510,524]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">2</superScript>
|
||||
) and absence of obvious threats.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654DFFC5FE833277FE36DC73" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[335,501,547,573]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FE833277FE36DC73" box="[335,501,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Litoria rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
also occurs in the southern part of New
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C4654DFFC5FC773277FBCFDC73" box="[955,1036,547,573]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD1654DFFC5FBD73277FBA3DC73" box="[1051,1120,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1144,1168]" captionTargetBox="[152,1433,183,1118]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[151,1436,181,1120]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of the mitochondrial ND4 gene for the L. rubella species group. Ultrafast bootstrap support values are shown on each branch. Symbols on the phylogeny match the distribution of each clade in the map (lower left). The widespread highly genetically structured L. rubella (lower grey box in phylogeny) is shown as a variety of squares in the map, ranging from New Guinea through the arid zone." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954350" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954350/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C36C53DF654DFFC5FF0B3212FF04DA5F" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054654DFFC5FF0B3212FC18DCBF" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,1041]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FF0B3212FDF8DC2E" bold="true" box="[199,571,582,609]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Comparison with other species.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654DFFC5FD8D3213FD25DC2F" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[577,742,583,609]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FD8D3213FD25DC2F" box="[577,742,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Litoria rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is allopatric with five members of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654DFFC5FB5C3213FB3DDC2F" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[1168,1278,583,609]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FB5C3213FB3DDC2F" box="[1168,1278,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">L. rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species group (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654DFFC5FF6D323FFECCDCCB" authorityName="Rowley, Mahony, Hines, Myers, Price, Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[161,271,619,645]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FF6D323FFECCDCCB" box="[161,271,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">L. balatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in south-eastern Queensland,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654DFFC5FD92323FFD0DDCCB" baseAuthorityName="Keferstein" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[606,718,619,645]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dentata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FD92323FFD0DDCCB" box="[606,718,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">L. dentata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in north-eastern New South Wales,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654DFFC5FB90323FFB26DCCA" authorityName="Rowley, Mahony, Hines, Myers, Price, Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[1116,1253,619,644]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quiritatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FB90323FFB26DCCA" box="[1116,1253,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">L. quiritatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in south-eastern New South Wales,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654DFFC5FEB932DBFDC8DCE7" authorityName="Purser & Doughty & Rowley & Böhme & Donnellan & Mitchell & Shea & Amey & Mitchell & Catullo" authorityYear="2025" box="[373,523,655,681]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="larisonans" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FEB932DBFDC8DCE7" box="[373,523,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">L. larisonans</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FDD932DBFDB1DCE7" bold="true" box="[533,626,655,681]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A231613D654DFFC5FDD932DBFDB1DCE7" box="[533,626,655,681]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
in the Pilbara and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654DFFC5FC9E32DBFC0DDCE7" box="[850,974,655,681]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capitula">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FC9E32DBFC0DDCE7" box="[850,974,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">L. capitula</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
on the Tanimbar Islands,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C4654DFFC5FB3232DBFAB3DCE7" box="[1278,1392,655,681]" name="Indonesia" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
). In
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C4654DFFC5FF5B32E7FF3DDC83" box="[151,254,691,717]" name="Australia" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654DFFC5FECA32E7FEB5DC83" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[262,374,691,717]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FECA32E7FEB5DC83" box="[262,374,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">L. rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be distinguished from the sympatric
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654DFFC5FC8032E7FC0FDC83" box="[844,972,691,717]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="electrica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FC8032E7FC0FDC83" box="[844,972,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">L. electrica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in western
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B2CEB6654DFFC5FB9E32E7FB15DC83" box="[1106,1238,691,717]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Queensland</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE77DA5654DFFC5FB2932E7FAB2DC83" author="Anstis, M." box="[1253,1393,691,717]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" refId="ref28099" refString="Anstis, M. (2017) Tadpoles and frogs of Australia. 2 nd Edition. New Holland Publishers, Sydney, 832 pp." type="book" year="2017">Anstis 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) by the absence versus presence of chocolate-coloured bars across the dorsum.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054654DFFC5FF0B32AFFBA9DDCF" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,1041]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
In New
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C4654DFFC5FEED32AFFEB6DD5B" box="[289,373,763,789]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654DFFC5FEB332AFFE2EDD5B" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[383,493,763,789]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FEB332AFFE2EDD5B" box="[383,493,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">L. rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be distinguished from sympatric
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654DFFC5FC5D32AFFBDFDD5A" baseAuthorityName="Peters & Doria" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[913,1052,763,788]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="congenita">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FC5D32AFFBDFDD5A" box="[913,1052,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">L. congenita</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by shorter legs (TIB/SUL = 0.28– 0.41 versus
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654DFFC5FED0334AFE99DD77" box="[284,346,798,825]" degrees="0.477" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" precision="55" value="0.477">0.477</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654DFFC5FE96334AFE64DD77" box="[346,423,798,825]" degrees="0.520" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" precision="55" value="-0.52">–0.520</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
[Tyler 1968]) and plain brown dorsum or more commonly with one, two or three yellowish stripes (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE77DA5654DFFC5FF3D3317FE56DD13" author="Menzies, J." box="[241,405,835,861]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" refId="ref31753" refString="Menzies, J. ed. (2006) The frogs of New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. Pensoft, Sofia, 345 pp." type="book" year="2006">Menzies 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and from sympatric
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654DFFC5FD423317FCD0DD12" baseAuthorityName="Meyer" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[654,787,835,860]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pygmaea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FD423317FCD0DD12" box="[654,787,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">L. pygmaea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by shorter legs (TIB/SUL = 0.28–0.41 versus 0.50–0.56 [
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE77DA5654DFFC5FF513333FE81DDCF" author="Menzies, J." box="[157,322,871,897]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" refId="ref31753" refString="Menzies, J. ed. (2006) The frogs of New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. Pensoft, Sofia, 345 pp." type="book" year="2006">Menzies 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
]) and arms with light to dark colour tones versus white (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE77DA5654DFFC5FC763333FB9DDDCF" author="Menzies, J." box="[954,1118,871,897]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" refId="ref31753" refString="Menzies, J. ed. (2006) The frogs of New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. Pensoft, Sofia, 345 pp." type="book" year="2006">Menzies 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054654DFFC5FF0B33DFFF04DA5F" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,1041]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
No morphological characters are known to reliably diagnose
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654DFFC5FCB833DFFC21DDEB" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[884,994,907,933]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FCB833DFFC21DDEB" box="[884,994,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">L. rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654DFFC5FBEB33DFFB4EDDEA" authorityName="Purser & Doughty & Rowley & Böhme & Donnellan & Mitchell & Shea & Amey & Mitchell & Catullo" authorityYear="2025" box="[1063,1165,907,932]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FBEB33DFFB4EDDEA" box="[1063,1165,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">L. pyrina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A231613D654DFFC5FB5833DFFB2CDDEB" box="[1172,1263,907,933]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FB5833DFFB2ADDEB" bold="true" box="[1172,1257,907,933]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654DFFC5FB3A33DFFA5FDDEB" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[1270,1436,907,933]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FB3A33DFFA5FDDEB" box="[1270,1436,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Litoria rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from inland
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B2CEB6654DFFC5FEEB33FBFE68DD87" box="[295,427,943,969]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Queensland</collectingRegion>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B2CEB6654DFFC5FE2433FBFD76DD87" box="[488,693,943,969]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
|
||||
can be distinguished from parapatric
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654DFFC5FBA133FBFB14DD86" authorityName="Purser & Doughty & Rowley & Böhme & Donnellan & Mitchell & Shea & Amey & Mitchell & Catullo" authorityYear="2025" box="[1133,1239,943,968]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FBA133FBFB14DD86" box="[1133,1239,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">L. pyrina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FB2D33FBFAFEDD87" bold="true" box="[1249,1341,943,969]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A231613D654DFFC5FB2D33FBFAFEDD87" box="[1249,1341,943,969]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
by call, having a lower dominant frequency (1.29–2.00 kHz
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FD223387FCF5DDA2" box="[750,822,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">versus</emphasis>
|
||||
1.75–2.97 kHz) resulting in an audibly lower-pitched call.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
816
data/03/DF/B1/03DFB142654DFFF8FF5B3437FB67D903.xml
Normal file
816
data/03/DF/B1/03DFB142654DFFF8FF5B3437FB67D903.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,816 @@
|
|||
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<mods:mods id="93469BB7D10DEFB1F8B9948FBC1EBE94" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6B43D06AD737B33B7BCD2B5AC90AA626">
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<mods:title id="B33803235AD2762AA3466231401F6286">Systematics of the Little Red Tree Frog, Litoria rubella (Anura: Pelodryadidae), with the description of two new species from eastern Australia and arid Western Australia</mods:title>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="EE560E50961136E19A27FA3110936A78">Purser, William A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="37857637EBD8765A2A13C77EACFD43B2">School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia & Phoenix Environmental Sciences, 2 / 3 King Edward Road, Osborne Park, WA 6017, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4E236402D771D0C880813F9B1CE988A5">Doughty, Paul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B6A88CCE56E77C502979B6A993DFBB8E">Collections & Research, Western Australian Museum, 49 Kew Street, Welshpool, WA 6106, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="14213929632044B932EB6365ADA6804F">Rowley, Jodi L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="105E25E8062C673C8C8A0AEAF25C0100">Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, 1 William Street, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia & Centre for Ecosystem Science; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="14FEFAF93633E71B4C487E799D9933B3">Böhme, Wolfgang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="709B8465D9A9C428F554506128D553C0">Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8A87270DB40A7D7426AAE8E92FDE45C5">Donnellan, Stephen C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="289E02AF33A485272F5FA9FF5A104F9C">South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6B5095CF9C1F4CF494BA7A62CB54B82E">Mitchell, Marion Anstis Nicola</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2C422DE44A96370614C94A7EDE70942D">Shea, Glenn M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BEE6BC5EE971E3BCCDA773297CC11128">Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, 1 William Street, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia & Sydney School of Veterinary Science B 01, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2C6B550941DEC2A258DA1B94E91622C4">Amey, Andrew</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="C990253CD6B62318CD41BF04D2859E67">Biodiversity and Geosciences, Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane BC, Queensland 4101, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
|
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<mods:namePart id="AA890A31C1AC19A9043EF2B6C580C592">Mitchell, Brittany A.</mods:namePart>
|
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<mods:affiliation id="6EF42E48009991D9F227C6B506BEBF7E">Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, 1 William Street, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia & Centre for Ecosystem Science; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="34DEA24AFD0483D3A9DE0401449B0898">Catullo, Renee A.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="171831C305B2078214384FDFF71F7F77">School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia & Collections & Research, Western Australian Museum, 49 Kew Street, Welshpool, WA 6106, Australia & Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, 1 William Street, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="FAB587171B3CF00396850348883281AD">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="B59A9F5E120151FFA5A7FE831BF12A90">
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<mods:date id="1318000E39389DDC1709DD793976746E">2025</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="90A20728D55711270549D7B9EA771975">2025-02-28</mods:number>
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|
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<mods:number id="4F24319F7A19910BB16CE66C89FFFA46">5594</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="85F1EF1ACCCCDAA559FCE734810E4BDC" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="4CF3681285CF1687D3C9AA65AB94D23F">2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="DC80891A970919A752A8FEF552B680D8">269</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="63F3D5D8C697DE93384B35A55546BD1C">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="471D20E29FE2941235166D66852EF319" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5594.2.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DFB142654DFFF8FF5B3437FB67D903" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DFB142654DFFF8FF5B3437FB67D903" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DFB142654DFFF8FF5B3437FB67D903" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="304" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">
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<subSubSection id="C36C53DF654DFFC5FF5B3437FE66DA33" box="[151,421,1123,1149]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054654DFFC5FF5B3437FE66DA33" blockId="30.[151,421,1123,1185]" box="[151,421,1123,1149]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">
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<heading id="D081B738654DFFC5FF5B3437FE66DA33" bold="true" box="[151,421,1123,1149]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" reason="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FF5B3437FE66DA33" bold="true" box="[151,421,1123,1149]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654DFFC5FF5B3437FE83DA33" authorityName="Purser & Doughty & Rowley & Böhme & Donnellan & Mitchell & Shea & Amey & Mitchell & Catullo" authorityYear="2025" box="[151,320,1123,1149]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FF5B3437FE83DA33" bold="true" box="[151,320,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Litoria pyrina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A231613D654DFFC5FE8B3437FE66DA33" box="[327,421,1123,1149]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C36C53DF654DFFC5FF5B34D3FED7DAEF" box="[151,276,1158,1185]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054654DFFC5FF5B34D3FED7DAEF" blockId="30.[151,421,1123,1185]" box="[151,276,1158,1185]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">
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||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD1654DFFC5FF5B34D3FED7DAEF" box="[151,276,1158,1185]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 13" captionStart-1="FIGURE 14" captionStart-2="FIGURE 15" captionStartId-0="31.[151,250,1763,1787]" captionStartId-1="32.[151,250,1934,1958]" captionStartId-2="33.[151,250,1422,1446]" captionTargetBox-0="[159,1426,181,1739]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,181,1910]" captionTargetBox-2="[193,1394,199,1399]" captionTargetId-0="figure-17@31.[159,1427,181,1739]" captionTargetId-1="figure-30@32.[151,1436,181,1910]" captionTargetId-2="figure-17@33.[193,1394,199,1399]" captionTargetPageId-0="31" captionTargetPageId-1="32" captionTargetPageId-2="33" captionText-0="FIGURE 13. Holotype of Litoria pyrina sp. nov (QM J95728); (A) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C) lateral, (D) lateral profile of head, (E) dorsal view of hand, (F) plantar side of hand, (G) plantar view of foot (H) moribund photograph. In A-C, each black or white square is equal to 1 cm, with a ruler visible in H." captionText-1="FIGURE 14. Paratypes of Litoria pyrina sp. nov. Top row: males, from left to right AMS R84195, SAMA R45911, SAMA R55613, AMS R53849, AMS R90365. Bottom row: females, left to right AMS R.54763, SAMA R34424, AMS R.83984, AMS R.70085, SAMA R34441, (A) dorsal side, (B) ventral side. Each black or white square is equal to 1 cm." captionText-2="FIGURE 15. Litoria pyrina sp. nov. in life. (A) ABTC99699 from near Boynedale, Qld (photo H. Hines); (B) unvouchered from Cairns, Qld (photo R. Francis); (C) unvouchered from Cattana Wetlands, Qld (photo S. Eipper); (D) unvouchered from Townsville, NT (photo D. Esquerre); (E) unvouchered from Mondoran, Qld (photo R. Francis); and (F) unvouchered from Felton, Qld (photo R. Francis)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954374" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954376" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954378" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14954374/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14954376/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/14954378/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Figs 13–15</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C36C53DF654DFFC5FF5B349FFD90DAAA" box="[151,595,1227,1252]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" type="vernacular_names">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054654DFFC5FF5B349FFD90DAAA" blockId="30.[151,595,1227,1252]" box="[151,595,1227,1252]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FF5B349FFE63DAAD" box="[151,416,1227,1251]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Suggested common name:</emphasis>
|
||||
Ruddy Tree Frog
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C36C53DF654DFFC5FF5B3545FD71D909" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054654DFFC5FF5B3545FC50DB01" blockId="30.[151,1437,1297,2007]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E0A09654DFFC5FF5B3545FC50DB01" accessionNumber="J95728" collectingDate="2016-01-15" collectionCode="QM" collectorName="R. Catullo & G. Binns & K. Fahey" county="Qld" latitude="-18.2997" location="Carnes Rd" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="143.3514" municipality="Georgetown" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" specimenCode="QM J95728" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FF5B3545FEC8DB65" bold="true" box="[151,267,1297,1323]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54CDBEF6654DFFC5FF5B3545FEC5DB65" box="[151,262,1297,1323]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBD0A82F654DFFC5FEDE3545FE55DB62" box="[274,406,1297,1324]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">QM J95728</specimenCode>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD1654DFFC5FE693545FE34DB65" box="[421,503,1297,1323]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1763,1787]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,181,1739]" captionTargetId="figure-17@31.[159,1427,181,1739]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 13. Holotype of Litoria pyrina sp. nov (QM J95728); (A) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C) lateral, (D) lateral profile of head, (E) dorsal view of hand, (F) plantar side of hand, (G) plantar view of foot (H) moribund photograph. In A-C, each black or white square is equal to 1 cm, with a ruler visible in H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954374" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954374/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||||
), adult female from
|
||||
<location id="8EA9568F654DFFC5FD173545FC91DB65" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DFB142654DFFF8FF5B3437FB67D903:8EA9568F654DFFC5FD173545FC91DB65" box="[731,850,1297,1323]" county="Qld" latitude="-18.2997" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="143.3514" municipality="Georgetown" name="Carnes Rd" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Carnes Rd</location>
|
||||
, West of
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAD9A2E654DFFC5FC753545FB85DB65" box="[953,1094,1297,1323]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Georgetown</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="62A878D8654DFFC5FB9C3545FBB9DB65" box="[1104,1146,1297,1323]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Qld</collectingCounty>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654DFFC5FB453545FAC1DB65" box="[1161,1282,1297,1323]" degrees="18.2997" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" precision="5" value="-18.2997">18.2997°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654DFFC5FAC23545FA56DB62" box="[1294,1429,1297,1324]" degrees="143.3514" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" precision="5" value="143.3514">143.3514°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
) collected by
|
||||
<collectorName id="26836582654DFFC5FEEA3562FE5FDB01" box="[294,412,1333,1360]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">R. Catullo</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26836582654DFFC5FE6B3561FDC8DB01" box="[423,523,1333,1359]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">G. Binns</collectorName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<collectorName id="26836582654DFFC5FD8D3562FD6BDB01" box="[577,680,1333,1360]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">K. Fahey</collectorName>
|
||||
on
|
||||
<date id="FFC82694654DFFC5FD1E3561FC4CDB01" box="[722,911,1333,1360]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" value="2016-01-15">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EF8CDF7C654DFFC5FD1E3561FC4CDB01" box="[722,911,1333,1360]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" value="2016-01-15">15 January 2016</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054654DFFC5FF0B350DFEB8D866" blockId="30.[151,1437,1297,2007]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E0A09654DFFC5FF0B350DFE5FDBD9" collectingDate="1988-04" collectionCode="SAMA" country="Australia" latitude="-19.27" location="Townsville" longLatPrecision="763" longitude="146.82" municipality="Qld" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" specimenCode="R34424" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-adult="5" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FF0B350DFE85DB3D" bold="true" box="[199,326,1369,1395]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54CDBEF6654DFFC5FF0B350DFE82DB3D" box="[199,321,1369,1395]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD1654DFFC5FE98350DFE66DB3D" box="[340,421,1369,1395]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1934,1958]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-30@32.[151,1436,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 14. Paratypes of Litoria pyrina sp. nov. Top row: males, from left to right AMS R84195, SAMA R45911, SAMA R55613, AMS R53849, AMS R90365. Bottom row: females, left to right AMS R.54763, SAMA R34424, AMS R.83984, AMS R.70085, SAMA R34441, (A) dorsal side, (B) ventral side. Each black or white square is equal to 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954376/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D70CBDD654DFFC5FE74350DFDE4DB3D" box="[440,551,1369,1395]" count="5" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" type="adult">Five adult</specimenCount>
|
||||
females:
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED679891654DFFC5FD5C350DFD1CDB3D" box="[656,735,1369,1395]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" name="South Australia Museum" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" type="Museum">SAMA</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBD0A82F654DFFC5FD29350DFC83DB3D" box="[741,832,1369,1395]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">R34424</specimenCode>
|
||||
, from
|
||||
<location id="8EA9568F654DFFC5FC49350DFBC7DB3D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DFB142654DFFF8FF5B3437FB67D903:8EA9568F654DFFC5FC49350DFBC7DB3D" box="[901,1028,1369,1395]" country="Australia" latitude="-19.27" longLatPrecision="763" longitude="146.82" municipality="Qld" name="Townsville" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Townsville</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAD9A2E654DFFC5FBC1350DFBF9DB3D" box="[1037,1082,1369,1395]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Qld</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C4654DFFC5FB8E350DFB6ADB3D" box="[1090,1193,1369,1395]" name="Australia" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654DFFC5FB7A350DFAD2DB3D" box="[1206,1297,1369,1395]" degrees="19.27" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" precision="555" value="-19.27">19.27°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654DFFC5FAEF350DFA4CDB3D" box="[1315,1423,1369,1395]" degrees="146.82" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" precision="555" value="146.82">146.82°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), collected in
|
||||
<date id="FFC82694654DFFC5FED23529FE5FDBD9" box="[286,412,1405,1431]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" value="1988-04">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EF8CDF7C654DFFC5FED23529FE5FDBD9" box="[286,412,1405,1431]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" value="1988-04">April 1988</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E0A09654DFFC5FE6B3529FE9EDBF5" collectingDate="1989-04-24" collectionCode="SAMA" country="Australia" latitude="-25.63" location="Qld" longLatPrecision="747" longitude="151.63" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" specimenCode="R34441" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED679891654DFFC5FE6B3529FE35DBD9" box="[423,502,1405,1431]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" name="South Australia Museum" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" type="Museum">SAMA</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBD0A82F654DFFC5FE323529FD9ADBD9" box="[510,601,1405,1431]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">R34441</specimenCode>
|
||||
, from
|
||||
<locationDeviation id="9A7B1976654DFFC5FD6E3529FC4CDBD9" box="[674,911,1405,1431]" location="Gayndah" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
<quantity id="4C8EADB1654DFFC5FD6E3529FD18DBD9" box="[674,731,1405,1431]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
|
||||
SE of Gayndah
|
||||
</locationDeviation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA9568F654DFFC5FC563529FC04DBD9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DFB142654DFFF8FF5B3437FB67D903:8EA9568F654DFFC5FC563529FC04DBD9" box="[922,967,1405,1431]" country="Australia" latitude="-25.63" longLatPrecision="747" longitude="151.63" name="Qld" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Qld</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C4654DFFC5FC1D3529FBFBDBD9" box="[977,1080,1405,1431]" name="Australia" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654DFFC5FB8A3529FB62DBD6" box="[1094,1185,1405,1432]" degrees="25.63" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" precision="555" value="-25.63">25.63°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654DFFC5FB7A3529FAE7DBD6" box="[1206,1316,1405,1432]" degrees="151.63" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" precision="555" value="151.63">151.63°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), collected on
|
||||
<date id="FFC82694654DFFC5FF7735F5FE9EDBF5" box="[187,349,1441,1467]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" value="1989-04-24">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EF8CDF7C654DFFC5FF7735F5FE9EDBF5" box="[187,349,1441,1467]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" value="1989-04-24">24 April 1989</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E0A09654DFFC5FEA435F5FE9CDB91" collectingDate="1976-04-17" collectionCode="R" country="Australia" latitude="-29.55" location="Collarenebri Rubbish Tip" longLatPrecision="736" longitude="148.58" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" specimenCode="R54763" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
AMS
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBD0A82F654DFFC5FE6135F5FDCBDBF2" box="[429,520,1441,1468]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">R54763</specimenCode>
|
||||
, from
|
||||
<location id="8EA9568F654DFFC5FD9835F5FCB5DBF5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DFB142654DFFF8FF5B3437FB67D903:8EA9568F654DFFC5FD9835F5FCB5DBF5" box="[596,886,1441,1467]" country="Australia" latitude="-29.55" longLatPrecision="736" longitude="148.58" name="Collarenebri Rubbish Tip" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Collarenebri Rubbish Tip</location>
|
||||
, NSW,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C4654DFFC5FC0035F5FBF0DBF5" box="[972,1075,1441,1467]" name="Australia" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654DFFC5FB8F35F5FB5DDBF2" box="[1091,1182,1441,1468]" degrees="29.55" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" precision="555" value="-29.55">29.55°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654DFFC5FB7935F5FAE1DBF2" box="[1205,1314,1441,1468]" degrees="148.58" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" precision="555" value="148.58">148.58°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), collected on
|
||||
<date id="FFC82694654DFFC5FF703591FE9CDB91" box="[188,351,1477,1503]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" value="1976-04-17">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EF8CDF7C654DFFC5FF703591FE9CDB91" box="[188,351,1477,1503]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" value="1976-04-17">17 April 1976</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E0A09654DFFC5FEA03591FDC4D84D" collectingDate="1972-09-25" collectionCode="R" country="Australia" county="Qld" latitude="-25.35" location="Goodnight Scrub" longLatPrecision="748" longitude="151.92" municipality="Mt. Perry Ranges" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" specimenCode="R70085" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
AMS
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBD0A82F654DFFC5FE7E3591FDCEDBAE" box="[434,525,1477,1504]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">R70085</specimenCode>
|
||||
, from
|
||||
<location id="8EA9568F654DFFC5FD963591FCE3DB91" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DFB142654DFFF8FF5B3437FB67D903:8EA9568F654DFFC5FD963591FCE3DB91" box="[602,800,1477,1503]" country="Australia" county="Qld" latitude="-25.35" longLatPrecision="748" longitude="151.92" municipality="Mt. Perry Ranges" name="Goodnight Scrub" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Goodnight Scrub</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAD9A2E654DFFC5FCE13592FC3ADBAE" box="[813,1017,1478,1504]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Mt. Perry Ranges</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="62A878D8654DFFC5FBCB3591FBF7DB91" box="[1031,1076,1477,1503]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Qld</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C4654DFFC5FBF33591FB65DB91" box="[1087,1190,1477,1503]" name="Australia" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654DFFC5FB7B3591FAD7DBAE" box="[1207,1300,1477,1504]" degrees="25.35" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" precision="555" value="-25.35">25.35°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654DFFC5FAEE3591FA4CDBAE" box="[1314,1423,1477,1504]" degrees="151.92" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" precision="555" value="151.92">151.92°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), collected on
|
||||
<date id="FFC82694654DFFC5FEE435BDFDC4D84D" box="[296,519,1513,1540]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" value="1972-09-25">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EF8CDF7C654DFFC5FEE435BDFDC4D84D" box="[296,519,1513,1540]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" value="1972-09-25">25 September 1972</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E0A09654DFFC5FDDF35BDFEB5D866" collectingDate="1955-01-12" collectionCode="R" country="Australia" latitude="-24.0" location="Calliope" longLatPrecision="752" longitude="151.32" municipality="Qld" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" specimenCode="R83984" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
AMS
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBD0A82F654DFFC5FD9B35BDFD70D84D" box="[599,691,1513,1539]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">R83984</specimenCode>
|
||||
, from near
|
||||
<location id="8EA9568F654DFFC5FCFA35BDFC5BD84D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DFB142654DFFF8FF5B3437FB67D903:8EA9568F654DFFC5FCFA35BDFC5BD84D" box="[822,920,1513,1539]" country="Australia" latitude="-24.0" longLatPrecision="752" longitude="151.32" municipality="Qld" name="Calliope" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Calliope</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAD9A2E654DFFC5FC6835BDFC0DD84D" box="[932,974,1513,1539]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Qld</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C4654DFFC5FC1935BDFBFFD84D" box="[981,1084,1513,1539]" name="Australia" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654DFFC5FB8735BDFB6AD84D" box="[1099,1193,1513,1539]" degrees="24.00" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" precision="555" value="-24.0">24.00°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654DFFC5FB7935BDFAE1D84A" box="[1205,1314,1513,1540]" degrees="151.32" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" precision="555" value="151.32">151.32°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), collected on
|
||||
<date id="FFC82694654DFFC5FF763659FEB5D866" box="[186,374,1549,1576]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" value="1955-01-12">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EF8CDF7C654DFFC5FF763659FEB5D866" box="[186,374,1549,1576]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" value="1955-01-12">12 January 1955</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054654DFFC5FF0B3665FB7DD94E" blockId="30.[151,1437,1297,2007]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E0A09654DFFC5FF0B3665FEC0D821" collectionCode="SAMA" country="Australia" latitude="-16.53" location="Mount Carbine" longLatPrecision="769" longitude="145.13" municipality="Qld" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" specimenCode="R45911" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-adult="5">
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D70CBDD654DFFC5FF0B3665FEF9D805" box="[199,314,1585,1611]" count="5" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" type="adult">Five adult</specimenCount>
|
||||
males:
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED679891654DFFC5FE593665FE27D805" box="[405,484,1585,1611]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" name="South Australia Museum" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" type="Museum">SAMA</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBD0A82F654DFFC5FE213665FD84D802" box="[493,583,1585,1612]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">R45911</specimenCode>
|
||||
, from
|
||||
<location id="8EA9568F654DFFC5FD583666FC80D805" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DFB142654DFFF8FF5B3437FB67D903:8EA9568F654DFFC5FD583666FC80D805" box="[660,835,1585,1612]" country="Australia" latitude="-16.53" longLatPrecision="769" longitude="145.13" municipality="Qld" name="Mount Carbine" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Mount Carbine</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAD9A2E654DFFC5FC9C3665FCBED805" box="[848,893,1585,1611]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Qld</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C4654DFFC5FC443665FC2CD805" box="[904,1007,1585,1611]" name="Australia" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654DFFC5FBCC3665FB98D802" box="[1024,1115,1585,1612]" degrees="16.53" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" precision="555" value="-16.53">16.53°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654DFFC5FBB83665FB22D802" box="[1140,1249,1585,1612]" degrees="145.13" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" precision="555" value="145.13">145.13°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), collection date unknown
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E0A09654DFFC5FEDE3601FED5D8DD" collectingDate="2001-04-23" collectionCode="SAMA" country="Australia" county="Qld" latitude="-23.94" location="Lily Hill" longLatPrecision="752" longitude="151.34" municipality="Boyne Island" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" specimenCode="R55613" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED679891654DFFC5FEDE3601FEA2D821" box="[274,353,1621,1647]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" name="South Australia Museum" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" type="Museum">SAMA</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBD0A82F654DFFC5FEA03601FE0BD83E" box="[364,456,1621,1648]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">R55613</specimenCode>
|
||||
, from
|
||||
<location id="8EA9568F654DFFC5FDD43601FD43D821" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DFB142654DFFF8FF5B3437FB67D903:8EA9568F654DFFC5FDD43601FD43D821" box="[536,640,1621,1647]" country="Australia" county="Qld" latitude="-23.94" longLatPrecision="752" longitude="151.34" municipality="Boyne Island" name="Lily Hill" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Lily Hill</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAD9A2E654DFFC5FD433602FCE9D821" box="[655,810,1621,1648]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Boyne Island</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="62A878D8654DFFC5FCF53601FCA5D821" box="[825,870,1621,1647]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Qld</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C4654DFFC5FCB83601FC18D821" box="[884,987,1621,1647]" name="Australia" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654DFFC5FC213601FB8BD821" box="[1005,1096,1621,1647]" degrees="23.94" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" precision="555" value="-23.94">23.94°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654DFFC5FBA93601FB11D83E" box="[1125,1234,1621,1648]" degrees="151.34" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" precision="555" value="151.34">151.34°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), collected on
|
||||
<date id="FFC82694654DFFC5FA4C3601FED5D8DD" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" value="2001-04-23">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EF8CDF7C654DFFC5FA4C3601FED5D8DD" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" value="2001-04-23">23 April 2001</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E0A09654DFFC5FEEE362DFDA6D8F9" collectingDate="1974-01-02" collectionCode="R" country="Australia" county="Qld" latitude="-17.08" location="Davies Creek" longLatPrecision="768" longitude="145.6" municipality="Emerald Creek" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" specimenCode="R53849" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
AMS
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBD0A82F654DFFC5FEA4362DFE00D8DA" box="[360,451,1657,1684]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">R53849</specimenCode>
|
||||
, from
|
||||
<location id="8EA9568F654DFFC5FDDC362DFD6AD8DD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DFB142654DFFF8FF5B3437FB67D903:8EA9568F654DFFC5FDDC362DFD6AD8DD" box="[528,681,1657,1683]" country="Australia" county="Qld" latitude="-17.08" longLatPrecision="768" longitude="145.6" municipality="Emerald Creek" name="Davies Creek" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Davies Creek</location>
|
||||
Rd,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAD9A2E654DFFC5FD2F362DFC52D8DD" box="[739,913,1657,1683]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Emerald Creek</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<locationDeviation id="9A7B1976654DFFC5FC51362DFBBED8DD" box="[925,1149,1657,1683]" location="Mareeba" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
<quantity id="4C8EADB1654DFFC5FC51362DFC25D8DD" box="[925,998,1657,1683]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" unit="km" value="13.0">13 km</quantity>
|
||||
SE Mareeba
|
||||
</locationDeviation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="62A878D8654DFFC5FB46362DFB74D8DD" box="[1162,1207,1657,1683]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Qld</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C4654DFFC5FB0F362DFAE9D8DD" box="[1219,1322,1657,1683]" name="Australia" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654DFFC5FAF7362DFA5BD8DD" box="[1339,1432,1657,1683]" degrees="17.08" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" precision="555" value="-17.08">17.08°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654DFFC5FF5B36C9FEC7D8F6" box="[151,260,1693,1720]" degrees="145.60" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" precision="555" value="145.6">145.60°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), collected on
|
||||
<date id="FFC82694654DFFC5FE7D36C9FDA6D8F9" box="[433,613,1693,1720]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" value="1974-01-02">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EF8CDF7C654DFFC5FE7D36C9FDA6D8F9" box="[433,613,1693,1720]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" value="1974-01-02">2 January 1974</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E0A09654DFFC5FDBF36C9FC8CD892" collectingDate="1975-02-24" collectionCode="R" country="Australia" county="Qld" latitude="-19.22" location="Two Mile Creek" longLatPrecision="763" longitude="146.78" municipality="Townsville" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" specimenCode="R84195" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
AMS
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBD0A82F654DFFC5FD7536C9FCD6D8F6" box="[697,789,1693,1720]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">R84195</specimenCode>
|
||||
, from
|
||||
<location id="8EA9568F654DFFC5FCAF36CAFBE2D8F9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DFB142654DFFF8FF5B3437FB67D903:8EA9568F654DFFC5FCAF36CAFBE2D8F9" box="[867,1057,1693,1720]" country="Australia" county="Qld" latitude="-19.22" longLatPrecision="763" longitude="146.78" municipality="Townsville" name="Two Mile Creek" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Two Mile Creek</location>
|
||||
to the north of
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAD9A2E654DFFC5FB1236C9FA9ED8F9" box="[1246,1373,1693,1719]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Townsville</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="62A878D8654DFFC5FAA736C9FA5BD8F9" box="[1387,1432,1693,1719]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Qld</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C4654DFFC5FF5B3695FF3DD895" box="[151,254,1729,1755]" name="Australia" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654DFFC5FEC03695FEA4D895" box="[268,359,1729,1755]" degrees="19.22" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" precision="555" value="-19.22">19.22°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654DFFC5FEB63695FE24D895" box="[378,487,1729,1755]" degrees="146.78" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" precision="555" value="146.78">146.78°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), collected on
|
||||
<date id="FFC82694654DFFC5FD4B3695FC8CD892" box="[647,847,1729,1756]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" value="1975-02-24">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EF8CDF7C654DFFC5FD4B3695FC8CD892" box="[647,847,1729,1756]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" value="1975-02-24">24 February 1975</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E0A09654DFFC5FC953695FB7AD94E" collectingDate="1975-03-19" collectionCode="R" country="Australia" latitude="-29.08" location="Maids Valle on Blaxlands Gap Rd" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="151.5917" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" specimenCode="R90635" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
AMS
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBD0A82F654DFFC5FC503695FC34D892" box="[924,1015,1729,1756]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">R90635</specimenCode>
|
||||
, from
|
||||
<quantity id="4C8EADB1654DFFC5FBF23695FBB5D895" box="[1086,1142,1729,1755]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
|
||||
north-west of
|
||||
<location id="8EA9568F654DFFC5FADB3695FE49D8B1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DFB142654DFFF8FF5B3437FB67D903:8EA9568F654DFFC5FADB3695FE49D8B1" country="Australia" latitude="-29.08" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="151.5917" name="Maids Valle on Blaxlands Gap Rd" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Maids Valle on Blaxlands Gap Rd</location>
|
||||
, NSW,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C4654DFFC5FE1236B1FD86D8B1" box="[478,581,1765,1791]" name="Australia" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654DFFC5FD9F36B1FD08D8B1" box="[595,715,1765,1791]" degrees="29.0800" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" precision="5" value="-29.08">29.0800°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE426693654DFFC5FD1336B1FCAAD94E" box="[735,873,1765,1792]" degrees="151.5917" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" precision="5" value="151.5917">151.5917°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), collected on
|
||||
<date id="FFC82694654DFFC5FBC736B1FB7AD94E" box="[1035,1209,1765,1792]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" value="1975-03-19">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EF8CDF7C654DFFC5FBC736B1FB7AD94E" box="[1035,1209,1765,1792]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" value="1975-03-19">19 March 1975</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054654DFFC5FF0B375DFD71D909" blockId="30.[151,1437,1297,2007]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FF0B375DFE72D96D" bold="true" box="[199,433,1801,1827]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||||
Details of the 34 (
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D70CBDD654DFFC5FD48375DFD3CD96D" box="[644,767,1801,1827]" count="10" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" type="female">10 females</specimenCount>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D70CBDD654DFFC5FCFA375DFC5ED96D" box="[822,925,1801,1827]" count="24" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" type="male">24 males</specimenCount>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654DFFC5FC60375EFB89D96D" authorityName="Purser & Doughty & Rowley & Böhme & Donnellan & Mitchell & Shea & Amey & Mitchell & Catullo" authorityYear="2025" box="[940,1098,1802,1827]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FC60375EFB89D96D" box="[940,1098,1802,1827]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Litoria pyrina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FB9E375DFB6FD96D" bold="true" box="[1106,1196,1801,1827]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A231613D654DFFC5FB9E375DFB6FD96D" box="[1106,1196,1801,1827]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
specimens examined are presented in
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6F435EF654DFFC5FE833779FE61D909" box="[335,418,1837,1863]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,239,1648,1672]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1. Details of specimens and genetic samples used for molecular genetic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analyses, and morphological analysis (Morph; sex noted). GenBank accession numbers are provided for the mitochondrial data. Abbreviations refer to museum collections (see text for details)." pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||||
and tadpoles in
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6F435EF654DFFC5FD953779FD6CD909" box="[601,687,1837,1863]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="24.[151,238,512,536]" captionTargetId="graphics-203@24.[151,1436,658,1906]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="TABLE 6. Variation in tadpole size. Tadpoles of each species (stages 33–40). N = number of individuals, ST = Gosner (1960) developmental stage, TL = total length, BL = body length (mm) in lateral view from tip of snout to body/tail junction." pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Table 6</tableCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C36C53DF654DFFFAFF0B3705FA4ED8ED" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="302" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054654DFFC5FF0B3705FDDAD999" blockId="30.[151,1437,1297,2007]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FF0B3705FE81D925" bold="true" box="[199,322,1873,1899]" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||||
This species exhibits characteristics typical of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654DFFC5FC5B3706FB83D925" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[919,1088,1873,1899]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FC5B3706FB83D925" box="[919,1088,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">Litoria rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species complex: small head, rudimentarily webbed fingers, partially webbed toes, dark dorsolateral stripes and a high-pitched, multi-pulsed call. It is morphologically indistinguishable from other species in the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654DFFC5FCA537CEFC1BD9FD" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[873,984,1945,1971]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="299" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654DFFC5FCA537CEFC1BD9FD" box="[873,984,1945,1971]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="299">L. rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species complex and must be diagnosed using molecular data and location.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF0950DC654CFFC4FF5B36B7FD46D90D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954374" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14954374" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954374/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="300" startId="31.[151,250,1763,1787]" targetBox="[159,1426,181,1739]" targetPageId="31" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054654CFFC4FF5B36B7FD46D90D" blockId="31.[151,1436,1763,1860]" pageId="31" pageNumber="300">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654CFFC4FF5B36B7FEDAD8B5" bold="true" box="[151,281,1763,1787]" pageId="31" pageNumber="300">FIGURE 13</emphasis>
|
||||
. Holotype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7654CFFC4FE6436B0FDF4D8B5" authorityName="Purser & Doughty & Rowley & Böhme & Donnellan & Mitchell & Shea & Amey & Mitchell & Catullo" authorityYear="2025" box="[424,567,1764,1787]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="300" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654CFFC4FE6436B0FDF4D8B5" box="[424,567,1764,1787]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="300">Litoria pyrina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654CFFC4FDF236B0FD49D8B2" bold="true" box="[574,650,1764,1788]" pageId="31" pageNumber="300">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A231613D654CFFC4FDF236B0FD49D8B2" box="[574,650,1764,1788]" pageId="31" pageNumber="300" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(QM J95728);
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654CFFC4FCE536B7FC8FD8B5" bold="true" box="[809,844,1763,1787]" pageId="31" pageNumber="300">(A)</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654CFFC4FC5236B7FC03D8B5" bold="true" box="[926,960,1763,1787]" pageId="31" pageNumber="300">(B)</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654CFFC4FBD636B7FBFED8B5" bold="true" box="[1050,1085,1763,1787]" pageId="31" pageNumber="300">(C)</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654CFFC4FB5C36B7FB70D8B5" bold="true" box="[1168,1203,1763,1787]" pageId="31" pageNumber="300">(D)</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral profile of head,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654CFFC4FF5B3753FF7AD951" bold="true" box="[151,185,1799,1823]" pageId="31" pageNumber="300">(E)</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal view of hand,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654CFFC4FE423753FE6CD951" bold="true" box="[398,431,1799,1823]" pageId="31" pageNumber="300">(F)</emphasis>
|
||||
plantar side of hand,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654CFFC4FD483753FD6AD951" bold="true" box="[644,681,1799,1823]" pageId="31" pageNumber="300">(G)</emphasis>
|
||||
plantar view of foot
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654CFFC4FCB43753FC5ED951" bold="true" box="[888,925,1799,1823]" pageId="31" pageNumber="300">(H)</emphasis>
|
||||
moribund photograph. In
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46654CFFC4FB6E3753FB0CD951" bold="true" box="[1186,1231,1799,1823]" pageId="31" pageNumber="300">A-C</emphasis>
|
||||
, each black or white square is equal to 1 cm, with a ruler visible in H.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF0950DC6573FFFBFF5B37DAFB70D9A0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954376" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14954376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954376/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="301" startId="32.[151,250,1934,1958]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1910]" targetPageId="32" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546573FFFBFF5B37DAFB70D9A0" blockId="32.[151,1436,1934,2030]" pageId="32" pageNumber="301">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466573FFFBFF5B37DAFEE2D9E8" bold="true" box="[151,289,1934,1958]" pageId="32" pageNumber="301">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
|
||||
Paratypes of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76573FFFBFE7D37DBFD81D9E8" authorityName="Purser & Doughty & Rowley & Böhme & Donnellan & Mitchell & Shea & Amey & Mitchell & Catullo" authorityYear="2025" box="[433,578,1935,1958]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="301" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466573FFFBFE7D37DBFD81D9E8" box="[433,578,1935,1958]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="301">Litoria pyrina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466573FFFBFD8637DAFD5FD9E8" bold="true" box="[586,668,1934,1958]" pageId="32" pageNumber="301">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A231613D6573FFFBFD8637DAFD5FD9E8" box="[586,668,1934,1958]" pageId="32" pageNumber="301" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Top row: males, from left to right AMS R84195, SAMA R45911, SAMA R55613, AMS R53849, AMS R90365. Bottom row: females, left to right AMS R.54763, SAMA R34424, AMS R.83984, AMS R.70085, SAMA R34441,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466573FFFBFE693782FE0AD9A0" bold="true" box="[421,457,2006,2030]" pageId="32" pageNumber="301">(A)</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal side,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466573FFFBFD853782FDA8D9A0" bold="true" box="[585,619,2006,2030]" pageId="32" pageNumber="301">(B)</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral side. Each black or white square is equal to 1 cm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF0950DC6572FFFAFF5B35DAFE12D85D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954378" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14954378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954378/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="302" startId="33.[151,250,1422,1446]" targetBox="[193,1394,199,1399]" targetPageId="33" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546572FFFAFF5B35DAFE12D85D" blockId="33.[151,1436,1422,1555]" pageId="33" pageNumber="302">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466572FFFAFF5B35DAFED8DBE8" bold="true" box="[151,283,1422,1446]" pageId="33" pageNumber="302">FIGURE 15</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76572FFFAFEE535DBFE79DBE8" authorityName="Purser & Doughty & Rowley & Böhme & Donnellan & Mitchell & Shea & Amey & Mitchell & Catullo" authorityYear="2025" box="[297,442,1423,1446]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="302" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466572FFFAFEE535DBFE79DBE8" box="[297,442,1423,1446]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="302">Litoria pyrina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466572FFFAFE0E35DBFDD7DBE9" bold="true" box="[450,532,1423,1447]" pageId="33" pageNumber="302">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A231613D6572FFFAFE0E35DBFDD7DBE9" box="[450,532,1423,1447]" pageId="33" pageNumber="302" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
in life. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466572FFFAFDBD35DAFD40DBE8" bold="true" box="[625,643,1422,1446]" pageId="33" pageNumber="302">A</emphasis>
|
||||
) ABTC99699 from near Boynedale, Qld (photo H. Hines); (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466572FFFAFB3435DBFACADBE9" bold="true" box="[1272,1289,1423,1447]" pageId="33" pageNumber="302">B</emphasis>
|
||||
) unvouchered from Cairns, Qld (photo R. Francis); (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466572FFFAFDED35E6FDF0DB84" bold="true" box="[545,563,1458,1482]" pageId="33" pageNumber="302">C</emphasis>
|
||||
) unvouchered from Cattana Wetlands, Qld (photo S. Eipper); (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466572FFFAFB7235E7FB13DB85" bold="true" box="[1214,1232,1459,1483]" pageId="33" pageNumber="302">D</emphasis>
|
||||
) unvouchered from Townsville, NT (photo D. Esquerre); (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466572FFFAFDE53583FDF9DBA1" bold="true" box="[553,570,1495,1519]" pageId="33" pageNumber="302">E</emphasis>
|
||||
) unvouchered from Mondoran, Qld (photo R. Francis); and (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466572FFFAFB723583FB0EDBA1" bold="true" box="[1214,1229,1495,1519]" pageId="33" pageNumber="302">F</emphasis>
|
||||
) unvouchered from Felton, Qld (photo R. Francis).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546572FFFAFF0B3631FA4ED8ED" blockId="33.[151,1437,1637,2023]" pageId="33" pageNumber="302">
|
||||
From a genetic perspective, apomorphic nucleotide states at 16, 21 and 19 sites in the mitochondrial
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466572FFFAFAE03631FAA2D831" box="[1324,1377,1637,1663]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="302">ND4</emphasis>
|
||||
gene reliably diagnose
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76572FFFAFE9236DEFE06D8ED" authorityName="Purser & Doughty & Rowley & Böhme & Donnellan & Mitchell & Shea & Amey & Mitchell & Catullo" authorityYear="2025" box="[350,453,1674,1699]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="302" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466572FFFAFE9236DEFE06D8ED" box="[350,453,1674,1699]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="302">L. pyrina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466572FFFAFE0036DDFDE6D8ED" bold="true" box="[460,549,1673,1699]" pageId="33" pageNumber="302">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A231613D6572FFFAFE0036DDFDE6D8ED" box="[460,549,1673,1699]" pageId="33" pageNumber="302" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466572FFFAFDA636DEFCA3D8ED" box="[618,864,1673,1699]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="302">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76572FFFAFDA636DEFD18D8ED" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[618,731,1673,1699]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="302" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">L. rubella</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76572FFFAFD2A36DEFCA3D8ED" box="[742,864,1673,1699]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="302" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capitula">L. capitula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76572FFFAFC5A36DEFBE9D8ED" authorityName="Purser & Doughty & Rowley & Böhme & Donnellan & Mitchell & Shea & Amey & Mitchell & Catullo" authorityYear="2025" box="[918,1066,1673,1699]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="302" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="larisonans" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466572FFFAFC5A36DEFBE9D8ED" box="[918,1066,1673,1699]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="302">L. larisonans</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A231613D6572FFFAFBFD36DDFB4FD8ED" box="[1073,1164,1673,1699]" pageId="33" pageNumber="302" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466572FFFAFBFD36DDFB46D8ED" bold="true" box="[1073,1157,1673,1699]" pageId="33" pageNumber="302">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
respectively (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6F435EF6572FFFAFAE536DDFABCD8ED" box="[1321,1407,1673,1699]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,239,1232,1256]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="TABLE 3. Diagnostic nucleotide differences between species within the L. rubella species complex in the mitochondrial ND4 gene. Nucleotide positions are numbered with respect to the Phyllomedusa bahiana mitochondrial genome (GenBank accession: NC_067554)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0950DC655CFFD4FF5B3484FE5DDB7E" pageId="33" pageNumber="302" tableUuid="DF0950DC655CFFD4FF5B3484FE5DDB7E">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C36C53DF6572FFF8FF0B36F8FD52DD5B" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="304" pageId="33" pageNumber="302" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546572FFF9FF0B36F8FE9ADF9F" blockId="33.[151,1437,1637,2023]" lastBlockId="34.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="303" pageId="33" pageNumber="302">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466572FFFAFF0B36F8FE2ED889" bold="true" box="[199,493,1708,1735]" pageId="33" pageNumber="302">
|
||||
Description of
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54CDBEF66572FFFAFEB336F9FE2BD889" box="[383,488,1709,1735]" pageId="33" pageNumber="302" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Adult female (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD16572FFFAFD6E36F9FD3AD889" box="[674,761,1709,1735]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1763,1787]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,181,1739]" captionTargetId="figure-17@31.[159,1427,181,1739]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 13. Holotype of Litoria pyrina sp. nov (QM J95728); (A) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C) lateral, (D) lateral profile of head, (E) dorsal view of hand, (F) plantar side of hand, (G) plantar view of foot (H) moribund photograph. In A-C, each black or white square is equal to 1 cm, with a ruler visible in H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954374" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954374/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="302">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||||
); moderate body size (
|
||||
<quantity id="4C8EADB16572FFFAFBC436F9FBBCD889" box="[1032,1151,1709,1735]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3729999999999998" pageId="33" pageNumber="302" unit="mm" value="33.73">33.73 mm</quantity>
|
||||
SUL); body moderately flattened and wide; head small (HDL/SUL = 0.26), flattened (HD/SUL = 0.14), and narrow (HDW/SUL = 0.29); head length approximately equal to width (HDL/HDW = 0.90); snout triangular in dorsal view, tip of snout blunt, rounded in profile; canthus rostralis rounded; loreal region steep, concave when considered in conjunction with upper labial margin; crown of head flat; nares ovate, on anterolateral edge of snout, oriented dorsolaterally; eyes small (EYE/HDL = 0.30), pupils oriented horizontally; eye to naris distance 1.2 X eye diameter; tympanum circular with raised annulus; well-developed supratympanic fold angling posteroventrally towards attachment of arm; tympanum and eye subequal in diameter (TMP/EYE = 0.79); arms moderate ([UAL+LAL]/SUL = 0.32), thin; fingers with basal webbing; relative length of fingers I<II<IV<III; tips of fingers with well-developed discs, distinct circum-marginal grooves and narrow fringing, discs relatively wide compared to width of the penultimate phalanx (third finger disc width 1.8 X third finger width); subarticular tubercles rounded; metacarpal tubercles ovate; hindlimbs short (TIB/SUL = 0.39); relative length of toes I<II<III<V<IV; tips of toes with well-developed discs, distinct circum-marginal grooves and narrow fringing; discs slightly smaller than those of fingers (fourth toe disc width 1.1 X toe width); subarticular tubercles distinct, rounded; inner metatarsal tubercle distinct, spatulate; outer metatarsal tubercle absent; toes partially webbed, extending beyond distal tubercle of all toes except IV, where webbing extending between distal and penultimate tubercles. Skin of dorsal surface smooth, lacking dorsolateral folds, parotoid glands and ridges; glandular tissue located between mouth and arm; ventral surface of body granular, smooth on limbs.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546571FFF9FF0B318FFD6EDCCB" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="34" pageNumber="303">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466571FFF9FF0B318FFE04DFBA" box="[199,455,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="303">Colour in preservative.</emphasis>
|
||||
Dorsal background colour pale brown. Wide dark brown lateral head stripe, beginning on snout and wrapping around nares, continuing along loreal region, through eye and tympanum, angling posteroventrally and terminating at the pelvis; between the naris and eye, darker pigment of canthal stripe demarcates loreal region from top of snout; hiatus of pigment on tip of snout forming a V-shape. Ventral surfaces, other than gular region, cream. Posterior surfaces of thighs lack pattern.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546571FFF9FF0B32DBFC89DCBF" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="34" pageNumber="303">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466571FFF9FF0B32DBFD95DCE7" bold="true" box="[199,598,654,681]" pageId="34" pageNumber="303">
|
||||
Measurements (mm) of
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54CDBEF66571FFF9FE2432DBFD92DCE7" box="[488,593,655,681]" pageId="34" pageNumber="303" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
SUL 33.7, FOL 19.8, TIB 13.2, FEL 12.3, LAL 6.1, UAL 4.8, HDW 9.8, DFE 6.0, IOD 3.9, IND 1.8, HDL 8.8, HD 4.9, SNT 4.3, EN 3.2, NS 0.8, EYE 2.6, TEY 1.0, TMP 2.1, 3TL 8.2, 3FDW 1.6, 3FW 0.9, PL 10.1, 4TDW 1.3, 4TW 1.2, IMT 1.5.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546571FFF9FF0B32AEFB34DA7B" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="34" pageNumber="303">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466571FFF9FF0B32AEFEFCDD5A" bold="true" box="[199,319,762,788]" pageId="34" pageNumber="303">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||||
Morphometric data presented in
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6F435EF6571FFF9FD6032AFFD3EDD5B" box="[684,765,762,789]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="21.[151,235,151,175]" captionTargetId="graphics-56@21.[151,1437,359,1947]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="TABLE 5. Summary of morphological variation (mean±SD, and range in mm) in Litoria rubella species complex. Sample sizes are in parentheses after sex (M or F). Due to the quality of the vouchers, fewer measurements were available for L. capitula." pageId="34" pageNumber="303">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||||
for
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D70CBDD6571FFF9FCE532AFFC40DD5B" box="[809,899,763,789]" count="10" pageId="34" pageNumber="303" type="adult">10 adult</specimenCount>
|
||||
females and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D70CBDD6571FFF9FBD832AFFBAEDD5B" box="[1044,1133,763,789]" count="24" pageId="34" pageNumber="303" type="adult">24 adult</specimenCount>
|
||||
males reveals considerable variation among vouchered specimens, mostly independent of sex. Females (SUL
|
||||
<quantity id="4C8EADB16571FFF9FBFB334AFB1DDD77" box="[1079,1246,798,825]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3299999999999996" metricValueMax="3.65" metricValueMin="3.01" pageId="34" pageNumber="303" unit="mm" value="33.3" valueMax="36.5" valueMin="30.1">30.1–36.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
; mean
|
||||
<quantity id="4C8EADB16571FFF9FAE3334BFA57DD77" box="[1327,1428,799,825]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.34" pageId="34" pageNumber="303" unit="mm" value="33.4">33.4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
) tended to be longer than males (SUL 27.3–36.0) mm; mean
|
||||
<quantity id="4C8EADB16571FFF9FC883317FC6EDD13" box="[836,941,835,861]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.21" pageId="34" pageNumber="303" unit="mm" value="32.1">32.1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
); females did not appear more rotund when gravid (though low sample size was small; n = 10); within sexes body shape varied from gracile to robust dependent on preservation. Body width usually wider than head width in females; in males, body width equal to or slightly wider than head width; body moderately flattened to slightly robust. Annulus of tympanum raised relative to skin of temporal region. Moderately-developed to well-developed terminal discs on digits; relative width of finger discs 1.1–2.2 times wider than finger width, and toe discs 1.1–1.8 times wider than toe width, some of which is attributable to artefacts of preservation. Dorsal skin smooth to slightly granular, ventral skin smooth to granular.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546571FFF9FF0B346BFBFCD81F" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="34" pageNumber="303">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466571FFF9FF0B346BFED8DA17" box="[199,283,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="303">Colour.</emphasis>
|
||||
Colour variation is described from photographs of six animals taken in life (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD16571FFF9FB7F346BFAC9DA17" box="[1203,1290,1086,1113]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1422,1446]" captionTargetBox="[193,1394,199,1399]" captionTargetId="figure-17@33.[193,1394,199,1399]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 15. Litoria pyrina sp. nov. in life. (A) ABTC99699 from near Boynedale, Qld (photo H. Hines); (B) unvouchered from Cairns, Qld (photo R. Francis); (C) unvouchered from Cattana Wetlands, Qld (photo S. Eipper); (D) unvouchered from Townsville, NT (photo D. Esquerre); (E) unvouchered from Mondoran, Qld (photo R. Francis); and (F) unvouchered from Felton, Qld (photo R. Francis)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954378/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="303">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466571FFF9FA9E346BFA5FDA16" box="[1362,1436,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="303">in situ</emphasis>
|
||||
observations. Dorsal colouration broadly uniform across head, body and outer surface of limbs; across individuals dorsal colouration can be fawn, cream, brown, rich chocolate-brown, red-brown, brick-red, grey, or a metallic grey, sometimes whitish in the day; irregular dark brown pigmentation may be present on dorsal surface and appendages, often forming small specks or marbling, extent highly variable. Darker dorsolateral streak occasionally present, generally stronger in inguinal region. Ventral surface uniformly cream, always lighter than dorsal surface; gradual to sharp contrast between dorsal and ventral colouration over dorsolateral region, generally coincides with lateral head stripe when present. Pale patch below eye, variable in lightness and extent among individuals. Distinctly darker lateral stripe originating from a V-shape hiatus on tip of snout, wrapping around nares, passing through eye and tympanum, dissipating variably from above attachment of arm to more posteriorly towards groin, generally more diffuse posteriorly; stripe contrast and intensity varies from well-defined and dark to pale and poorly contrasted. Posterior of thighs and inguinal region pale yellow to dull red extent and saturation variable between individuals, sometimes with spots similar to the dorsal colour. Iris golden to copper-brown; male gular pigmentation dark brown; nuptial pads light to dark brown. In preservative, reddish hues over body tend to be lost, colour and contrast of dorsolateral stripe usually fades, colour of thighs tends to be lost, colour of iris lost.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546571FFF9FF0B360FFE3ED8D7" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="34" pageNumber="303">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466571FFF9FF0B360FFEF1D83B" box="[199,306,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="303">Embryos.</emphasis>
|
||||
Mean diameter of 13 ova (stage 11) from Townsville, Qld was 1.0 mm (0.9–1.1); mean capsule diameter was
|
||||
<quantity id="4C8EADB16571FFF9FEFF362BFE4AD8D7" box="[307,393,1663,1689]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="34" pageNumber="303" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(2.1–2.7).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546571FFF9FF0B36F7FCFCD94B" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="34" pageNumber="303">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466571FFF9FF0B36F7FDC1D8F3" box="[199,514,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="303">Tadpole body and tail shape</emphasis>
|
||||
. Lateral view (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD16571FFF9FD6736F7FCC3D8F3" box="[683,768,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="23.[151,247,1815,1839]" captionTargetBox="[254,1334,152,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[252,1336,151,1802]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 8. Tadpoles of the Litoria rubella species complex in life. (A, B) Litoria rubella stage 37, lateral view, Micket Creek, Darwin, NT; (C) L. rubella dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41 and 35, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (D) L. rubella, dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41, 35, 108 km N. Threeways Roadhouse, NT; (E) L. rubella, in natural habitat, dorsal view, showing characteristic darker middorsal patch, 9 km W. Cobar, NSW; (F) L. pyrina sp. nov., lateral view, stage 38, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (G) L. pyrina sp. nov., dorsal view, stages (from top) 43, 41, 40, 29, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (H, I) L. larisonans sp. nov. leucistic individual, stage 37, lateral view, dorsal view, 3.3 km N. Carnarvon, WA; (J) L. rubella, stage 45, 137 km N. Tennant Ck, NT; (K) L. rubella, stage 45, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (L) L. larisonans sp. nov. stage 46, Carnarvon, WA; (M) L. pyrina sp. nov., stage 46, Julatten, Qld" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954366/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="303">Fig. 8F</figureCitation>
|
||||
): Body and tail shape as for general description. Mid-dorsal profile not typically convex in shape and rises slightly to tail/body junction. Dorsal fin begins just before tail/body junction and rises to its maximum height over middle of tail.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546571FFF9FF0B375BFD27D993" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="34" pageNumber="303">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466571FFF9FF0B375BFE78D967" box="[199,443,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="303">Tadpole colour in life.</emphasis>
|
||||
Dorsal view (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD16571FFF9FD98375BFD6ED967" box="[596,685,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="23.[151,247,1815,1839]" captionTargetBox="[254,1334,152,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[252,1336,151,1802]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 8. Tadpoles of the Litoria rubella species complex in life. (A, B) Litoria rubella stage 37, lateral view, Micket Creek, Darwin, NT; (C) L. rubella dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41 and 35, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (D) L. rubella, dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41, 35, 108 km N. Threeways Roadhouse, NT; (E) L. rubella, in natural habitat, dorsal view, showing characteristic darker middorsal patch, 9 km W. Cobar, NSW; (F) L. pyrina sp. nov., lateral view, stage 38, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (G) L. pyrina sp. nov., dorsal view, stages (from top) 43, 41, 40, 29, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (H, I) L. larisonans sp. nov. leucistic individual, stage 37, lateral view, dorsal view, 3.3 km N. Carnarvon, WA; (J) L. rubella, stage 45, 137 km N. Tennant Ck, NT; (K) L. rubella, stage 45, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (L) L. larisonans sp. nov. stage 46, Carnarvon, WA; (M) L. pyrina sp. nov., stage 46, Julatten, Qld" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954366/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="303">Fig. 8G</figureCitation>
|
||||
): Colour varies from darker over eyes, brain, abdomen and vertebral region in small tadpoles, to generally golden, dull golden-brown or grey-brown from early limb development stages, most commonly with a broad, darker mid-dorsal patch. Some develop diffuse, fine darker mottling or a few scattered darker spots from about stage 35 onwards (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD16571FFF9FDBD372FFD2BD9DB" box="[625,744,1915,1941]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="23.[151,247,1815,1839]" captionTargetBox="[254,1334,152,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[252,1336,151,1802]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 8. Tadpoles of the Litoria rubella species complex in life. (A, B) Litoria rubella stage 37, lateral view, Micket Creek, Darwin, NT; (C) L. rubella dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41 and 35, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (D) L. rubella, dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41, 35, 108 km N. Threeways Roadhouse, NT; (E) L. rubella, in natural habitat, dorsal view, showing characteristic darker middorsal patch, 9 km W. Cobar, NSW; (F) L. pyrina sp. nov., lateral view, stage 38, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (G) L. pyrina sp. nov., dorsal view, stages (from top) 43, 41, 40, 29, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (H, I) L. larisonans sp. nov. leucistic individual, stage 37, lateral view, dorsal view, 3.3 km N. Carnarvon, WA; (J) L. rubella, stage 45, 137 km N. Tennant Ck, NT; (K) L. rubella, stage 45, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (L) L. larisonans sp. nov. stage 46, Carnarvon, WA; (M) L. pyrina sp. nov., stage 46, Julatten, Qld" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954366/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="303">Figs 8F, G</figureCitation>
|
||||
). From about stage 40 a broad darker mid-dorsal patch extends down body, bordered on either side by paler continuous irregular band. Dorsal tail muscle usually with fine darker melanophores, sometimes forming transverse bands.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546570FFF8FF0B30C3FE88DF53" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">
|
||||
Lateral view (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD16570FFF8FEA930C3FE7FDEFF" box="[357,444,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="23.[151,247,1815,1839]" captionTargetBox="[254,1334,152,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[252,1336,151,1802]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 8. Tadpoles of the Litoria rubella species complex in life. (A, B) Litoria rubella stage 37, lateral view, Micket Creek, Darwin, NT; (C) L. rubella dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41 and 35, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (D) L. rubella, dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41, 35, 108 km N. Threeways Roadhouse, NT; (E) L. rubella, in natural habitat, dorsal view, showing characteristic darker middorsal patch, 9 km W. Cobar, NSW; (F) L. pyrina sp. nov., lateral view, stage 38, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (G) L. pyrina sp. nov., dorsal view, stages (from top) 43, 41, 40, 29, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (H, I) L. larisonans sp. nov. leucistic individual, stage 37, lateral view, dorsal view, 3.3 km N. Carnarvon, WA; (J) L. rubella, stage 45, 137 km N. Tennant Ck, NT; (K) L. rubella, stage 45, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (L) L. larisonans sp. nov. stage 46, Carnarvon, WA; (M) L. pyrina sp. nov., stage 46, Julatten, Qld" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954366/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">Fig. 8F</figureCitation>
|
||||
): Dorsal pigment merges over sides of body with opaque white and copper sheen. Eyes opaque copper-gold. Tail muscle usually pale with fine melanophores (less numerous posteriorly) or with a darker line along the middle which continues to tip. Fins clear in small tadpoles, finely stippled mainly anteriorly in fully grown tadpoles.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546570FFF8FF0B3173FF17DFC7" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">Two leucistic tadpoles at stages 33 and 37 were observed from Bluewater, north of Townsville with silver-white body and tail, pink pupil and golden iris. Very fine melanophore stippling just visible over dorsum and hind limb buds.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546570FFF8FF0B31C7FAB3DCCB" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FF0B31C7FE9FDFE3" box="[199,348,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">Metamorphs.</emphasis>
|
||||
A sample of seven metamorphs from Mareeba and Charters Towers, north Qld ranged from
|
||||
<quantity id="4C8EADB16570FFF8FA9131C6FF38DF9F" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.55" metricValueMin="1.45" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" unit="mm" value="15.0" valueMax="15.5" valueMin="14.5">14.5– 15.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(mean 14.9) and one from near Julatten, Atherton Tablelands was 16.0 mm. Metamorphs mostly resemble adults and are reddish-brown, with a slight short streak on each side of mid-vertebral region in some and a dark patch in each inguinal region. As in adults, a broad, dark brown lateral stripe extends from snout to groin with a white stripe beneath it from snout to armpit. The specimen from near Julatten (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD16570FFF8FBDE3277FBADDC73" box="[1042,1134,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="23.[151,247,1815,1839]" captionTargetBox="[254,1334,152,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[252,1336,151,1802]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 8. Tadpoles of the Litoria rubella species complex in life. (A, B) Litoria rubella stage 37, lateral view, Micket Creek, Darwin, NT; (C) L. rubella dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41 and 35, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (D) L. rubella, dorsal view, stages (from top) 42, 41, 35, 108 km N. Threeways Roadhouse, NT; (E) L. rubella, in natural habitat, dorsal view, showing characteristic darker middorsal patch, 9 km W. Cobar, NSW; (F) L. pyrina sp. nov., lateral view, stage 38, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (G) L. pyrina sp. nov., dorsal view, stages (from top) 43, 41, 40, 29, 39 km N. Maryborough, Qld; (H, I) L. larisonans sp. nov. leucistic individual, stage 37, lateral view, dorsal view, 3.3 km N. Carnarvon, WA; (J) L. rubella, stage 45, 137 km N. Tennant Ck, NT; (K) L. rubella, stage 45, Fogg Dam Rd, NT; (L) L. larisonans sp. nov. stage 46, Carnarvon, WA; (M) L. pyrina sp. nov., stage 46, Julatten, Qld" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954366/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">Fig. 8M</figureCitation>
|
||||
had a more distinct, broad dark middorsal band down body dissected by a fine, faint cream vertebral line; sides of body paler sides above dark lateral stripe. Iris coppery red. One leucistic tadpole metamorphosed with normal but paler adult pigmentation.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546570FFF8FF0B32DAFD52DD5B" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FF0B32DAFE73DCE7" bold="true" box="[199,432,654,681]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">Advertisement call.</emphasis>
|
||||
Call descriptions are based on the calls of
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D70CBDD6570FFF8FC5432DBFC3EDCE7" box="[920,1021,655,681]" count="24" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" type="male">24 males</specimenCount>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6F435EF6570FFF8FBC132DBFBA6DCE7" box="[1037,1125,655,681]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,239,1158,1182]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="TABLE 4. Summary of temperature-corrected advertisement call characters for each species overall, and for lineages within L. rubella and L. pyrina sp. nov. N = number of individuals analysed. Columns contain the average±standard deviation, minimum and maximum." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0950DC6540FFC8FF5B34D2FDD4DAA8" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" tableUuid="DF0950DC6540FFC8FF5B34D2FDD4DAA8">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD16570FFF8FBBD32DBFB75DCE7" box="[1137,1206,654,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1721,1745]" captionTargetBox="[152,1430,418,1695]" captionTargetId="figure-180@18.[151,1436,417,1698]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Male advertisement calls. Violin plots of (A) temperature-corrected pulse number, (B) dominant frequency, (C) call duration, and (E) pulse rate by lineage. Recordings of calls from a genetically unsampled area are classified as unknown (green). A map of all recordings is shown in (F). Dominant frequency (B), which varies geographically in L. rubella sensu stricto, is shown plotted by longitude (D). Unknown samples are more similar in dominant frequency to L. rubella MDB than to L. pyrina sp. nov. S. Where L. rubella calls resemble L. pyrina sp. nov., they are geographically separated; the sole L. pyrina sp. nov. S with a similar dominant frequency to the unknown sample (D, yellow dot in green) is from the northernmost location of L. pyrina sp. nov. S." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954358" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954358/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The advertisement call of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76570FFF8FF2932E7FE88DC82" authorityName="Purser & Doughty & Rowley & Böhme & Donnellan & Mitchell & Shea & Amey & Mitchell & Catullo" authorityYear="2025" box="[229,331,691,716]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrina">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FF2932E7FE88DC82" box="[229,331,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">L. pyrina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
comprises a single, highly pitched multi-pulsed note (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD16570FFF8FC6732E7FC2CDC83" box="[939,1007,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="19.[151,250,978,1002]" captionTargetBox="[155,1430,183,949]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[151,1436,181,954]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 6. Oscillograms and spectrograms for Litoria rubella (A-D), the L. larisonans sp. nov. holotype (WAM R174603); E), and L. pyrina sp. nov. (G-H). Geographic variation in calls of L. rubella and L. pyrina sp. nov. is shown, with locations for each figure shown in (F) and lineage designations matching Fig. 5. Calls recorded by P. Doughy (A & E), R. Catullo (C & G), and through the FrogID citizen science project (B, D & H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954360" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954360/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Individuals had a mean call duration of 0.39–0.82 seconds and an average of 21–48 uniformly spaced pulses repeated at a rate of 35.9–105.0 pulses/s. The dominant frequency was 1.75–2.97 kHz.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C36C53DF6570FFF8FF0B334BFBB5DD13" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546570FFF8FF0B334BFBB5DD13" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FF0B334BFE8DDD77" bold="true" box="[199,334,799,825]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||||
The specific name
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76570FFF8FDF5334BFD4CDD76" authority="(Latin)" authorityName="Purser & Doughty & Rowley & Böhme & Donnellan & Mitchell & Shea & Amey & Mitchell & Catullo" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Latin" box="[569,655,799,825]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrina">
|
||||
“
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FD8A334BFD4CDD76" box="[582,655,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">pyrina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
” (Latin), or “little pear” refers to pear-shaped body of the species (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FF6D3317FF25DD12" box="[161,230,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">pyrus,</emphasis>
|
||||
Latin for a pear, with the feminine diminutive suffix -
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FC893317FCAADD12" box="[837,873,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">ina</emphasis>
|
||||
). It is treated as a noun.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C36C53DF6570FFF8FF0B3332FD06DAEF" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546570FFF8FF0B3332FD06DAEF" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FF0B3332FE00DDCF" bold="true" box="[199,451,870,897]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">Habitat and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76570FFF8FE013333FDADDDCE" authorityName="Purser & Doughty & Rowley & Böhme & Donnellan & Mitchell & Shea & Amey & Mitchell & Catullo" authorityYear="2025" box="[461,622,871,896]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FE013333FDADDDCE" box="[461,622,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">Litoria pyrina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FDB43333FD16DDCF" bold="true" box="[632,725,871,897]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A231613D6570FFF8FDB43333FD16DDCF" box="[632,725,871,897]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
is commonly recorded via FrogID (>15,000 records from
|
||||
<date id="FFC826946570FFF8FA4C3333FE88DDEB" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" value="2017-11-10">10 November 2017</date>
|
||||
–
|
||||
<date id="FFC826946570FFF8FE9633DFFE2FDDEB" box="[346,492,907,933]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" value="2023-07-30">30 July 2023</date>
|
||||
), and is frequently heard calling in disturbed areas, with 30% of FrogID records from suburban or urban habitats and 47% of records in rural areas.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76570FFF8FC8F33FBFC22DD86" authorityName="Purser & Doughty & Rowley & Böhme & Donnellan & Mitchell & Shea & Amey & Mitchell & Catullo" authorityYear="2025" box="[835,993,943,968]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FC8F33FBFC22DD86" box="[835,993,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">Litoria pyrina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FC2B33FBFB83DD87" bold="true" box="[999,1088,943,969]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A231613D6570FFF8FC2B33FBFB83DD87" box="[999,1088,943,969]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
has been detected calling in all months via the FrogID project but has a core calling season from September to April, with a peak in November and December.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76570FFF8FED433A3FE7BDA5E" authorityName="Purser & Doughty & Rowley & Böhme & Donnellan & Mitchell & Shea & Amey & Mitchell & Catullo" authorityYear="2025" box="[280,440,1015,1040]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FED433A3FE7BDA5E" box="[280,440,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">Litoria pyrina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FE0C33A3FDD8DA5F" bold="true" box="[448,539,1015,1041]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A231613D6570FFF8FE0C33A3FDD8DA5F" box="[448,539,1015,1041]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
breeds primarily in lentic waterbodies, with the majority of FrogID records of this species documented by users as being at small ponds (32%), flooded areas (15%) and large ponds (27%). It is absent from extensive areas of subtropical (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE77DA56570FFF8FDB1346BFC84DA17" author="Meyer, E. & Hines, H. B. & Hero, J. - M." box="[637,839,1087,1113]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" refId="ref31779" refString="Meyer, E., Hines, H. B. & Hero, J. - M. (2001) Wet forest frogs of south-east Queensland. Griffith University, Queensland, 57 pp." type="book" year="2001">
|
||||
Meyer
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FD03346BFCC4DA17" box="[719,775,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2001
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and tropical rainforests (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE77DA56570FFF8FBAB346BFAE8DA17" author="Meyer, E. & Hines, H. B. & Hero, J. - M." box="[1127,1323,1087,1113]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" refId="ref31779" refString="Meyer, E., Hines, H. B. & Hero, J. - M. (2001) Wet forest frogs of south-east Queensland. Griffith University, Queensland, 57 pp." type="book" year="2001">
|
||||
Meyer
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FB75346BFB29DA17" box="[1209,1258,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
2001
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE77DA56570FFF8FAFB346BFEF1DA33" author="Williams, S. E. & Hero, J. - M." pageId="35" pageNumber="304" pagination="597 - 602" refId="ref33425" refString="Williams, S. E. & Hero, J. - M. (1998) Rainforest frogs of the Australian Wet Tropics: guild classification and the ecological similarity of declining species. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 265 (1396), 597-602. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1998.0336" type="journal article" year="1998">Williams & Hero 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE77DA56570FFF8FE8C3437FDF7DA33" author="Hoskin, C. J. & Hero, J. - M." box="[320,564,1123,1149]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" refId="ref30023" refString="Hoskin, C. J. & Hero, J. - M. (2008) Rainforest Frogs of the Wet Tropics, north-east Australia. 1 st Edition. Griffith University, Gold Coast, 96 pp." type="book" year="2008">Hoskin & Hero 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE77DA56570FFF8FD8E3437FCD7DA33" author="Meyer, E. A. & Hines, H. B. & Clarke, J. M. & Hoskin, C. J." box="[578,788,1123,1149]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" pagination="97 - 115" refId="ref31816" refString="Meyer, E. A., Hines, H. B., Clarke, J. M. & Hoskin, C. J. (2020) An update on the status of wet forest stream-dwelling frogs of the Eungella region. The Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland, 125, 97-115." type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||||
Meyer
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FD583437FD0DDA33" box="[660,718,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2020
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;) and from undisturbed wallum (e.g. the sand islands) in south-eastern
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B2CEB66570FFF8FEFF34D3FE74DAEF" box="[307,439,1159,1185]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">Queensland</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE77DA56570FFF8FE0A34D3FD7ADAEF" author="Hines, H. B. & Meyer, E. A." box="[454,697,1159,1185]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" pagination="261 - 274" refId="ref29893" refString="Hines, H. B. & Meyer, E. A. (2011) The frog fauna of Bribie Island: An annotated list and comparison with other Queensland dune islands. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland, 117, 261-274. https://doi.org/10.5962/p.357758" type="journal article" year="2011">Hines & Meyer 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C36C53DF6570FFF8FF0B34FEFC1EDBAB" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546570FFF8FF0B34FEFC1EDBAB" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FF0B34FEFDBDDA8B" bold="true" box="[199,638,1194,1221]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">Distribution and conservation status.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76570FFF8FD4834FFFCE3DA8A" authorityName="Purser & Doughty & Rowley & Böhme & Donnellan & Mitchell & Shea & Amey & Mitchell & Catullo" authorityYear="2025" box="[644,800,1195,1220]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FD4834FFFCE3DA8A" box="[644,800,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">Litoria pyrina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FCEA34FFFCBCDA8B" bold="true" box="[806,895,1195,1221]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A231613D6570FFF8FCEA34FFFCBCDA8B" box="[806,895,1195,1221]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
is restricted to mesic eastern
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C46570FFF8FB0E34FFFAEFDA8B" box="[1218,1324,1195,1221]" name="Australia" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
; the range boundary forms along the western slopes the Great Dividing Range to the east of the Carpentarian Gap, although the exact northern and western extents are uncertain, including the provenance of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76570FFF8FC3D34A7FB9DDB43" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[1009,1118,1267,1293]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FC3D34A7FB9DDB43" box="[1009,1118,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">L. rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species complex individuals in the Laura Basin and Cape York. This is a widely distributed species occurring over two biomes; Eastern Mesic Biome and Australian Monsoonal Tropics, and it can be very abundant where it occurs. Although conservation status requires formal assessment, owing to its range size (Extent of Occurrence>
|
||||
<quantity id="4C8EADB16570FFF8FB80350AFB15DB37" box="[1100,1238,1374,1401]" metricMagnitude="8" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" unit="km" value="500000.0">500,000 km</quantity>
|
||||
<superScript id="7C03AD1C6570FFF8FB1A350AFB1DDB22" attach="left" box="[1238,1246,1374,1388]" fontSize="6" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">2</superScript>
|
||||
) and absence of obvious threats, it meets criteria for Least Concern (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE77DA56570FFF8FD2135D7FB3CDBD3" author="IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group" box="[749,1279,1411,1437]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" refId="ref30208" refString="IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group. (2022) Litoria rubella. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2022: e. T 41110 A 78451019. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-2.RLTS.T41110A78451019.en" type="journal volume" year="2022">IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Evidence of chytrid infection has been observed in tadpoles from Townsville and Almaden, Qld which had smaller bodies, and shrunken oral discs with partial or total loss of all keratin (MA, pers. obs.).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C36C53DF6570FFF8FF0B35BAFB67D903" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546570FFF8FF0B35BAFB67D903" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FF0B35BAFDFBD846" bold="true" box="[199,568,1518,1545]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">Comparison with other species.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76570FFF8FDF135BBFD1BD846" authorityName="Purser & Doughty & Rowley & Böhme & Donnellan & Mitchell & Shea & Amey & Mitchell & Catullo" authorityYear="2025" box="[573,728,1519,1544]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FDF135BBFD1BD846" box="[573,728,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">Litoria pyrina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FD1135BBFCF6D847" bold="true" box="[733,821,1519,1545]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A231613D6570FFF8FD1135BBFCF6D847" box="[733,821,1519,1545]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
is sympatric with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76570FFF8FC3035BBFBAAD847" authorityName="Rowley, Mahony, Hines, Myers, Price, Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[1020,1129,1519,1545]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FC3035BBFBAAD847" box="[1020,1129,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">L. balatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FBBA35BBFB2FD847" box="[1142,1260,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76570FFF8FBBA35BBFB2BD847" baseAuthorityName="Keferstein" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[1142,1256,1519,1545]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dentata">L. dentata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76570FFF8FAD335BBFA5FD847" box="[1311,1436,1519,1545]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="electrica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FAD335BBFA5FD847" box="[1311,1436,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">L. electrica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
but is allopatric with the other members of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76570FFF8FD523647FCCFD863" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[670,780,1555,1581]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FD523647FCCFD863" box="[670,780,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">L. rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species group -
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76570FFF8FC0D3647FBEDD863" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[961,1070,1555,1581]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FC0D3647FBEDD863" box="[961,1070,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">L. rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in central and northern
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C46570FFF8FAFA3647FA5ED863" box="[1334,1437,1555,1581]" name="Australia" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and southern New
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C46570FFF8FEA23663FE01D81F" box="[366,450,1591,1617]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76570FFF8FE023663FD99D81E" authorityName="Rowley, Mahony, Hines, Myers, Price, Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[462,602,1591,1616]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quiritatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FE023663FD99D81E" box="[462,602,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">L. quiritatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in south-eastern New South Wales,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76570FFF8FC3B3663FB47D81E" baseAuthorityName="Peters & Doria" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[1015,1156,1591,1616]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="congenita">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FC3B3663FB47D81E" box="[1015,1156,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">L. congenita</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76570FFF8FB713663FA82D81E" baseAuthorityName="Meyer" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[1213,1345,1591,1616]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pygmaea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FB713663FA82D81E" box="[1213,1345,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">L. pygmaea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in New
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C46570FFF8FF5B360FFF2BD83B" box="[151,232,1627,1653]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76570FFF8FED3360FFE5AD83B" box="[287,409,1627,1653]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capitula">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FED3360FFE5AD83B" box="[287,409,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">L. capitula</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
on the Tanimbar Islands,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C46570FFF8FD70360FFCEAD83B" box="[700,809,1627,1653]" name="Indonesia" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE77DA56570FFF8FCF4360FFC1FD83B" author="Menzies, J." box="[824,988,1627,1653]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" refId="ref31753" refString="Menzies, J. ed. (2006) The frogs of New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. Pensoft, Sofia, 345 pp." type="book" year="2006">Menzies 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE77DA56570FFF8FC2B360FFB02D83B" author="Rowley, J. J. L. & Mahony, M. J. & Hines, H. B. & Myers, S. & Price, L. C. & Shea, G. M. & Donnellan, S. C." box="[999,1217,1627,1653]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" pagination="1 - 41" refId="ref32792" refString="Rowley, J. J. L., Mahony, M. J., Hines, H. B., Myers, S., Price, L. C., Shea, G. M. & Donnellan, S. C. (2021) Two new frog species from the Litoria rubella species group from eastern Australia. Zootaxa, 5071 (1), 1-41. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.1.1" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||||
Rowley
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FB8A360FFBBDD83B" box="[1094,1150,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2021
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76570FFF8FB19360FFAB0D83A" authorityName="Purser & Doughty & Rowley & Böhme & Donnellan & Mitchell & Shea & Amey & Mitchell & Catullo" authorityYear="2025" box="[1237,1395,1627,1652]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FB19360FFAB0D83A" box="[1237,1395,1627,1652]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">Litoria pyrina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FAB7360FFF0BD8D7" bold="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A231613D6570FFF8FAB7360FFF0BD8D7" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
can be distinguished from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76570FFF8FDCD362BFDB1D8D7" authorityName="Rowley, Mahony, Hines, Myers, Price, Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[513,626,1663,1689]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FDCD362BFDB1D8D7" box="[513,626,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">L. balatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76570FFF8FD60362BFCE3D8D7" baseAuthorityName="Keferstein" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[684,800,1663,1689]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dentata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FD60362BFCE3D8D7" box="[684,800,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">L. dentata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the absence of a continuous, irregularly edged, dark brown dorsal band (versus presence) and having a more robust body. It can be distinguished from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76570FFF8FB3B36F7FABBD8F3" box="[1271,1400,1699,1725]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="electrica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FB3B36F7FABBD8F3" box="[1271,1400,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">L. electrica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the absence versus presence of chocolate-coloured bars across the dorsum. No morphological characters are known to reliably diagnose
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76570FFF8FEB736BFFE22D94A" authorityName="Purser & Doughty & Rowley & Böhme & Donnellan & Mitchell & Shea & Amey & Mitchell & Catullo" authorityYear="2025" box="[379,481,1771,1796]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FEB736BFFE22D94A" box="[379,481,1771,1796]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">L. pyrina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FE2436BFFD81D94B" bold="true" box="[488,578,1771,1797]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A231613D6570FFF8FE2436BFFD81D94B" box="[488,578,1771,1797]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
from the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76570FFF8FD6336BFFCDDD94B" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[687,798,1771,1797]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FD6336BFFCDDD94B" box="[687,798,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">L. rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
population in central Queensland and New South Wales.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76570FFF8FF5B375BFEFBD966" authorityName="Purser & Doughty & Rowley & Böhme & Donnellan & Mitchell & Shea & Amey & Mitchell & Catullo" authorityYear="2025" box="[151,312,1807,1832]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FF5B375BFEFBD966" box="[151,312,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">Litoria pyrina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FE8E375BFE5DD967" bold="true" box="[322,414,1807,1833]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A231613D6570FFF8FE8E375BFE5DD967" box="[322,414,1807,1833]" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
can be distinguished often from parapatric
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD76570FFF8FC56375BFBCFD967" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[922,1036,1807,1833]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="304" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FC56375BFBCFD967" box="[922,1036,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">L. rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by call, having a higher dominant frequency (1.75–2.97 kHz
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466570FFF8FE083767FDCFD902" box="[452,524,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="304">versus</emphasis>
|
||||
1.29–2.07 kHz) resulting in an audibly higher-pitched call.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,107 +1,107 @@
|
|||
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</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location id="685FC7DE41D355ADF4636376063BCCA2">
|
||||
<mods:url id="7926EFBF2A41F28576444F1AD1B8571C">https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5594.2.3</mods:url>
|
||||
<mods:location id="0A4B19A96E40589B17AB9B1452292493">
|
||||
<mods:url id="BFB6DA363E8BE4AB7C8FD2D7F858236B">https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5594.2.3</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="AD50CA6ACA1C155A668BA9DB1673FE28">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="03278107226CFFF76D594D9F636079F3" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5594.2.3</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="FE03F26973A0CA651993CD48CA99FF83" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="3686151178BBC2845F99F719C323D2F7" type="Zenodo-Dep">14954346</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="FEC6AB1C07003DC9C49CB264F9C7C509" type="ZooBank">5D61C55E-D042-4818-9D7B-087DEC250BFB</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="719FB0D3D3E9A9D5C3167CD37130D06D">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="23F67C9CD934308771494FD4AFCE96A7" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5594.2.3</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="EE7F53EE71EB19F385BB68D45530B247" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="63ACEB631F8DDF9978FF75F1A7011753" type="Zenodo-Dep">14954346</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="388B792EF109F05A30B903E298DBF9C5" type="ZooBank">5D61C55E-D042-4818-9D7B-087DEC250BFB</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03DFB1426577FFF2FF5B30C3FD2DDFBA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954362" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14954362" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DFB1426577FFF2FF5B30C3FD2DDFBA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DFB1426577FFF2FF5B30C3FD2DDFBA" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="310" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C36C53DF6577FFFFFF5B30C3FE15DEFF" box="[151,470,151,178]" pageId="36" pageNumber="305" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
|
|
@ -116,10 +116,12 @@
|
|||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C36C53DF6577FFFFFF5B30EFFD73DF56" pageId="36" pageNumber="305" type="description">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C36C53DF6577FFFFFF5B30EFFEDFDE9B" box="[151,284,187,213]" pageId="36" pageNumber="305" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546577FFFFFF5B30EFFEDFDE9B" blockId="36.[151,470,151,213]" box="[151,284,187,213]" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD16577FFFFFF5B30EFFEDFDE9B" box="[151,284,187,213]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 16" captionStart-1="FIGURE 17" captionStart-2="FIGURE 18" captionStartId-0="37.[151,250,1792,1816]" captionStartId-1="38.[151,250,1818,1842]" captionStartId-2="39.[151,250,1490,1514]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,181,1767]" captionTargetBox-1="[195,1393,181,1794]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,181,1467]" captionTargetId-0="figure-17@37.[151,1435,181,1767]" captionTargetId-1="figure-30@38.[195,1393,181,1794]" captionTargetId-2="figure-17@39.[151,1436,181,1467]" captionTargetPageId-0="37" captionTargetPageId-1="38" captionTargetPageId-2="39" captionText-0="FIGURE 16. Holotype of Litoria larisonans sp. nov (WAM R174603); (A) moribund photograph, (B) dorsal, (C) ventral, (D) lateral profile of head, (E) dorsal view of hand, (F) plantar side of hand, (G) plantar view of foot. In A-C, each black or white square is equal to 1 cm, and D-G, the scale bar represents 2 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 17. Paratypes of Litoria larisonans sp. nov. Top row: females, from left to right WAM R117337, WAM R119287, WAM R114077, WAM R175951, WAM R110776. Bottom row: males, left to right WAM R175952, WAM R179352, WAM R125748, WAM R174492, (A) dorsal side, (B) ventral side. Each black or white square is equal to 1 cm." captionText-2="FIGURE 18. Litoria larisonans sp. nov. in life. (A) WAM R174288, from Kalamina Gorge, Karijini National Park (22.4166°S, 118.4014°E) (photo P. Doughty); (B) WAM R168622, from 11 km Sandstone (28.0705°S, 119.2411°E) (photo P. Doughty); (C) WAM R179353, from Minara Station (28.9427°S, 121.8009°E) (photo R. J. Ellis); (D) WAM R162775, from Mount Brockman (22.2708°S, 117.4500°E) (photo P. Doughty and C. Stevenson); (E) WAM R175346, from Skull Springs (21.8635°S, 121.0129°E) (photo R. J. Ellis); and (F) Unvouchered specimen from Pannawonica area (photo R. A. Catullo)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954380" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954382" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954384" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14954380/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14954382/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/14954384/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">Figs. 16–18</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C36C53DF6577FFFFFF5B3154FD73DF56" box="[151,688,256,280]" pageId="36" pageNumber="305" type="vernacular_names">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546577FFFFFF5B3154FD73DF56" blockId="36.[151,688,256,280]" box="[151,688,256,280]" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466577FFFFFF5B3154FE54DF59" box="[151,407,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">Suggested common name</emphasis>
|
||||
: Western Desert Tree Frog.
|
||||
|
|
@ -127,7 +129,7 @@
|
|||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C36C53DF6577FFFFFF5B3112FCE5DD8A" pageId="36" pageNumber="305" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546577FFFFFF5B3112FEE4DFE7" blockId="36.[151,1437,326,1972]" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E0A096577FFFFFF5B3112FEE4DFE7" collectingDate="2015-03-14" collectionCode="WAM, R" collectorName="Bray & J. Teale & L. Umbrello & J. Huey" country="Australia" latitude="-22.4768" location="Dale's Gorge" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="118.5629" municipality="Karijini National Park" pageId="36" pageNumber="305" specimenCode="R174603" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E0A096577FFFFFF5B3112FEE4DFE7" collectingDate="2015-03-14" collectionCode="WAM" collectorName="R. Bray & R. J. Teale & L. Umbrello & J. Huey" country="Australia" latitude="-22.4768" location="Dale's Gorge" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="118.5629" municipality="Tom Price" pageId="36" pageNumber="305" specimenCode="R174603" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466577FFFFFF5B3112FEC8DF2E" bold="true" box="[151,267,326,352]" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54CDBEF66577FFFFFF5B3112FEC5DF2E" box="[151,262,326,352]" pageId="36" pageNumber="305" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
.
|
||||
|
|
@ -137,14 +139,15 @@
|
|||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD16577FFFFFE173112FDF3DF2E" box="[475,560,326,352]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1792,1816]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1767]" captionTargetId="figure-17@37.[151,1435,181,1767]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 16. Holotype of Litoria larisonans sp. nov (WAM R174603); (A) moribund photograph, (B) dorsal, (C) ventral, (D) lateral profile of head, (E) dorsal view of hand, (F) plantar side of hand, (G) plantar view of foot. In A-C, each black or white square is equal to 1 cm, and D-G, the scale bar represents 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954380/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||||
), calling male from
|
||||
<location id="8EA9568F6577FFFFFCD13112FC75DF2E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DFB1426577FFF2FF5B30C3FD2DDFBA:8EA9568F6577FFFFFCD13112FC75DF2E" box="[797,950,326,352]" country="Australia" latitude="-22.4768" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="118.5629" municipality="Karijini National Park" name="Dale's Gorge" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">Dale’s Gorge</location>
|
||||
<location id="8EA9568F6577FFFFFCD13112FC75DF2E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DFB1426577FFF2FF5B30C3FD2DDFBA:8EA9568F6577FFFFFCD13112FC75DF2E" box="[797,950,326,352]" country="Australia" latitude="-22.4768" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="118.5629" municipality="Tom Price" name="Dale's Gorge" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">Dale’s Gorge</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAD9A2E6577FFFFFC083112FB06DF2E" box="[964,1221,326,352]" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">Karijini National Park</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
<location id="8EA9568F6577FFFFFC083112FB06DF2E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DFB1426577FFF2FF5B30C3FD2DDFBA:8EA9568F6577FFFFFC083112FB06DF2E" box="[964,1221,326,352]" country="Australia" latitude="-22.4768" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="118.5629" municipality="Tom Price" name="Karijini National Park" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">Karijini National Park</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<locationDeviation id="9A7B19766577FFFFFB1F3112FF10DFCA" location="Tom Price" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">
|
||||
<locationDeviation id="9A7B19766577FFFFFB1F3112FAA3DF2E" box="[1235,1376,326,352]" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">
|
||||
<quantity id="4C8EADB16577FFFFFB1F3112FAF1DF2E" box="[1235,1330,326,352]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.26" pageId="36" pageNumber="305" unit="km" value="82.6">82.6 km</quantity>
|
||||
NE Tom Price
|
||||
NE
|
||||
</locationDeviation>
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAD9A2E6577FFFFFAA53112FF10DFCA" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">Tom Price</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
, WA,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36140C46577FFFFFED7313EFE41DFCA" box="[283,386,362,388]" name="Australia" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
|
|
@ -152,13 +155,9 @@ NE Tom Price
|
|||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4266936577FFFFFDD6313EFD61DFCB" box="[538,674,362,389]" degrees="118.5629" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="305" precision="5" value="118.5629">118.5629°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), collected by
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED6798916577FFFFFC87313EFCA2DFCA" box="[843,865,362,388]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">R</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectorName id="268365826577FFFFFCA2313EFC66DFCA" box="[878,933,362,388]" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">Bray</collectorName>
|
||||
<collectorName id="268365826577FFFFFC87313EFC66DFCA" box="[843,933,362,388]" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">R. Bray</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED6798916577FFFFFC7E313EFC0ADFCA" box="[946,969,362,388]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">R</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectorName id="268365826577FFFFFC01313EFBE5DFCA" box="[973,1062,362,388]" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">J. Teale</collectorName>
|
||||
<collectorName id="268365826577FFFFFC7E313EFBE5DFCA" box="[946,1062,362,388]" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">R.J. Teale</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="268365826577FFFFFBFF313EFB7CDFCA" box="[1075,1215,362,388]" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">L. Umbrello</collectorName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
|
|
@ -171,6 +170,7 @@ on
|
|||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC900546577FFFFFF0B31E6FCD2DCEB" blockId="36.[151,1437,326,1972]" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E0A096577FFFFFF0B31E6FC1BDFBE" collectingDate="1993-09-07" collectionCode="WAM" country="Australia" latitude="-22.9513" location="Hope Downs" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="119.0792" pageId="36" pageNumber="305" specimenCode="R117337" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC466577FFFFFF0B31E6FE85DF82" bold="true" box="[199,326,434,460]" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54CDBEF66577FFFFFF0B31E6FE82DF82" box="[199,321,434,460]" pageId="36" pageNumber="305" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
.
|
||||
|
|
@ -180,7 +180,6 @@ on
|
|||
).
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D70CBDD6577FFFFFE0631E6FDFCDF82" box="[458,575,434,460]" count="5" pageId="36" pageNumber="305" type="adult">Five adult</specimenCount>
|
||||
females:
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B1E0A096577FFFFFD7931E6FC1BDFBE" collectingDate="1993-09-07" collectionCode="WAM" country="Australia" latitude="-22.9513" location="Hope Downs" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="119.0792" pageId="36" pageNumber="305" specimenCode="R117337" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED6798916577FFFFFD7931E6FD3ADF82" box="[693,761,434,460]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34981" name="Western Australian Museum" pageId="36" pageNumber="305" type="Museum">WAM</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBD0A82F6577FFFFFCC931E6FCAEDF82" box="[773,877,434,460]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">R117337</specimenCode>
|
||||
, from
|
||||
|
|
@ -397,9 +396,9 @@ and
|
|||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A231613D6577FFFFFB8633D2FB67DDEE" box="[1098,1188,902,928]" pageId="36" pageNumber="305" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
vouchered specimens examined are presented in
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6F435EF6577FFFFFE0F33FEFDD5DD8A" box="[451,534,938,964]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,239,1648,1672]" captionText="TABLE 1. Details of specimens and genetic samples used for molecular genetic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analyses, and morphological analysis (Morph; sex noted). GenBank accession numbers are provided for the mitochondrial data. Abbreviations refer to museum collections (see text for details)." pageId="36" pageNumber="305">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6F435EF6577FFFFFE0F33FEFDD5DD8A" box="[451,534,938,964]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,239,1648,1672]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1. Details of specimens and genetic samples used for molecular genetic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analyses, and morphological analysis (Morph; sex noted). GenBank accession numbers are provided for the mitochondrial data. Abbreviations refer to museum collections (see text for details)." pageId="36" pageNumber="305">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||||
and tadpoles in
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6F435EF6577FFFFFD0133FEFCE1DD8A" box="[717,802,938,964]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="24.[151,238,512,536]" captionText="TABLE 6. Variation in tadpole size. Tadpoles of each species (stages 33–40). N = number of individuals, ST = Gosner (1960) developmental stage, TL = total length, BL = body length (mm) in lateral view from tip of snout to body/tail junction." pageId="36" pageNumber="305">Table 6</tableCitation>
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6F435EF6577FFFFFD0133FEFCE1DD8A" box="[717,802,938,964]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="24.[151,238,512,536]" captionTargetId="graphics-203@24.[151,1436,658,1906]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="TABLE 6. Variation in tadpole size. Tadpoles of each species (stages 33–40). N = number of individuals, ST = Gosner (1960) developmental stage, TL = total length, BL = body length (mm) in lateral view from tip of snout to body/tail junction." pageId="36" pageNumber="305">Table 6</tableCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
@ -468,7 +467,7 @@ and
|
|||
<emphasis id="B902DC466577FFFFFC7334BBFBEDDB46" box="[959,1070,1262,1288]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="305">L. rubella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
respectively (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6F435EF6577FFFFFB0734BAFAE2DB46" box="[1227,1313,1262,1288]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,239,1232,1256]" captionText="TABLE 3. Diagnostic nucleotide differences between species within the L. rubella species complex in the mitochondrial ND4 gene. Nucleotide positions are numbered with respect to the Phyllomedusa bahiana mitochondrial genome (GenBank accession: NC_067554)." pageId="36" pageNumber="305">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6F435EF6577FFFFFB0734BAFAE2DB46" box="[1227,1313,1262,1288]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,239,1232,1256]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="TABLE 3. Diagnostic nucleotide differences between species within the L. rubella species complex in the mitochondrial ND4 gene. Nucleotide positions are numbered with respect to the Phyllomedusa bahiana mitochondrial genome (GenBank accession: NC_067554)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0950DC655CFFD4FF5B3484FE5DDB7E" pageId="36" pageNumber="305" tableUuid="DF0950DC655CFFD4FF5B3484FE5DDB7E">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
@ -576,7 +575,7 @@ Morphometric characters vary considerably among
|
|||
females and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D70CBDD657BFFF3FB6930C2FAC1DEFE" box="[1189,1282,150,176]" count="16" pageId="40" pageNumber="309" type="adult">16 adult</specimenCount>
|
||||
males (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6F435EF657BFFF3FA9130C2FF65DE9B" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="21.[151,235,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 5. Summary of morphological variation (mean±SD, and range in mm) in Litoria rubella species complex. Sample sizes are in parentheses after sex (M or F). Due to the quality of the vouchers, fewer measurements were available for L. capitula." pageId="40" pageNumber="309">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6F435EF657BFFF3FA9130C2FF65DE9B" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="21.[151,235,151,175]" captionTargetId="graphics-56@21.[151,1437,359,1947]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="TABLE 5. Summary of morphological variation (mean±SD, and range in mm) in Litoria rubella species complex. Sample sizes are in parentheses after sex (M or F). Due to the quality of the vouchers, fewer measurements were available for L. capitula." pageId="40" pageNumber="309">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||||
), mostly independent of sex. Females (SUL
|
||||
<quantity id="4C8EADB1657BFFF3FD5530EEFCFCDE9B" box="[665,831,186,213]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3649999999999998" metricValueMax="3.88" metricValueMin="2.85" pageId="40" pageNumber="309" unit="mm" value="33.65" valueMax="38.8" valueMin="28.5">28.5–38.8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
; mean
|
||||
|
|
@ -644,7 +643,7 @@ A sample of four metamorphs from Carnarvon, WA ranged from 17.0–18.0 mm (mean
|
|||
Call descriptions are based on the calls of
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D70CBDD657BFFF3FCB135D6FC23DBD2" box="[893,992,1410,1436]" count="14" pageId="40" pageNumber="309" type="male">14 males</specimenCount>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6F435EF657BFFF3FC2135D6FB81DBD2" box="[1005,1090,1410,1436]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,239,1158,1182]" captionText="TABLE 4. Summary of temperature-corrected advertisement call characters for each species overall, and for lineages within L. rubella and L. pyrina sp. nov. N = number of individuals analysed. Columns contain the average±standard deviation, minimum and maximum." pageId="40" pageNumber="309">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6F435EF657BFFF3FC2135D6FB81DBD2" box="[1005,1090,1410,1436]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,239,1158,1182]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="TABLE 4. Summary of temperature-corrected advertisement call characters for each species overall, and for lineages within L. rubella and L. pyrina sp. nov. N = number of individuals analysed. Columns contain the average±standard deviation, minimum and maximum." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0950DC6540FFC8FF5B34D2FDD4DAA8" pageId="40" pageNumber="309" tableUuid="DF0950DC6540FFC8FF5B34D2FDD4DAA8">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="134D1CD1657BFFF3FB8035D6FB4EDBD3" box="[1100,1165,1410,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1721,1745]" captionTargetBox="[152,1430,418,1695]" captionTargetId="figure-180@18.[151,1436,417,1698]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Male advertisement calls. Violin plots of (A) temperature-corrected pulse number, (B) dominant frequency, (C) call duration, and (E) pulse rate by lineage. Recordings of calls from a genetically unsampled area are classified as unknown (green). A map of all recordings is shown in (F). Dominant frequency (B), which varies geographically in L. rubella sensu stricto, is shown plotted by longitude (D). Unknown samples are more similar in dominant frequency to L. rubella MDB than to L. pyrina sp. nov. S. Where L. rubella calls resemble L. pyrina sp. nov., they are geographically separated; the sole L. pyrina sp. nov. S with a similar dominant frequency to the unknown sample (D, yellow dot in green) is from the northernmost location of L. pyrina sp. nov. S." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14954358" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14954358/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="309">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The advertisement call of
|
||||
|
|
@ -661,7 +660,7 @@ comprises a single, highly-pulsed note (
|
|||
and 32–66 uniformly spaced pulses, repeated at a rate of 55.7–75.1 pulses/s. The dominant frequency ranged between 1.67–2.24 kHz.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C36C53DF657BFFF3FF0B3646FB19D992" pageId="40" pageNumber="309" type="etymology">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C36C53DF657BFFF3FF0B3646FCF8D81E" pageId="40" pageNumber="309" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054657BFFF3FF0B3646FCF8D81E" blockId="40.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="40" pageNumber="309">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46657BFFF3FF0B3646FE8DD862" bold="true" box="[199,334,1554,1580]" pageId="40" pageNumber="309">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||||
The specific name
|
||||
|
|
@ -678,6 +677,8 @@ Latin
|
|||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
for gull).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C36C53DF657BFFF3FF0B360EFB19D992" pageId="40" pageNumber="309" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054657BFFF3FF0B360EFB19D992" blockId="40.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="40" pageNumber="309">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46657BFFF3FF0B360EFE03D83A" bold="true" box="[199,448,1626,1652]" pageId="40" pageNumber="309">Habitat and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7657BFFF3FE05360FFD55D83A" authorityName="Purser & Doughty & Rowley & Böhme & Donnellan & Mitchell & Shea & Amey & Mitchell & Catullo" authorityYear="2025" box="[457,662,1626,1652]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="40" pageNumber="309" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="larisonans" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
|
|
@ -703,7 +704,7 @@ has been detected calling in all months via the FrogID project, but most records
|
|||
breeds primarily in lentic waterbodies, with the majority of FrogID records of this species documented by users as being in flooded areas (26%), small ponds (21%) and large ponds (11%).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C36C53DF657AFFF2FF0B30C2FD2DDFBA" pageId="41" pageNumber="310" type="distribution">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C36C53DF657AFFF2FF0B30C2FAC9DFC6" pageId="41" pageNumber="310" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054657AFFF2FF0B30C2FAC9DFC6" blockId="41.[151,1437,150,500]" pageId="41" pageNumber="310">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46657AFFF2FF0B30C2FDBCDEFE" bold="true" box="[199,639,150,176]" pageId="41" pageNumber="310">Distribution and conservation status.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7657AFFF2FD4A30C3FC93DEFE" authorityName="Purser & Doughty & Rowley & Böhme & Donnellan & Mitchell & Shea & Amey & Mitchell & Catullo" authorityYear="2025" box="[646,848,150,176]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="41" pageNumber="310" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="larisonans" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
|
|
@ -719,6 +720,8 @@ is restricted to the western arid zone of WA. The northern extent of its distrib
|
|||
<superScript id="7C03AD1C657AFFF2FBBB311EFBBCDF16" attach="left" box="[1143,1151,330,344]" fontSize="6" pageId="41" pageNumber="310">2</superScript>
|
||||
) and absence of obvious threats, it meets the criteria for Least Concern (International Union for Conservation of Nature 2012).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C36C53DF657AFFF2FF0B31C6FD2DDFBA" pageId="41" pageNumber="310" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC90054657AFFF2FF0B31C6FD2DDFBA" blockId="41.[151,1437,150,500]" pageId="41" pageNumber="310">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B902DC46657AFFF2FF0B31C6FD8ADFE2" bold="true" box="[199,585,402,428]" pageId="41" pageNumber="310">Comparisons with other species.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C767BD7657AFFF2FD9D31C7FCDFDFE2" authorityName="Purser & Doughty & Rowley & Böhme & Donnellan & Mitchell & Shea & Amey & Mitchell & Catullo" authorityYear="2025" box="[593,796,402,428]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="41" pageNumber="310" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="larisonans" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
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Reference in a new issue