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<document id="783C01DBB525714F1480C62E5E2A0A4F" ID-DOI="10.3897/jor.34.130822" ID-ZooBank="CE64086B-F678-4A0A-B676-EC0E6A836CF8" ID-publisher-id="130822" URI-arpha="5E3055A1-CFD9-5A84-AAF9-83558E895AF8" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/CE64086B-F678-4A0A-B676-EC0E6A836CF8" XM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" XM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1739978518061" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Fasano, Antonio" docDate="2025" docId="4C5779B85E9D5A2ABD40683D8B7671F6" docLanguage="en" docName="Journal of Orthoptera Research 34(1): 39-44" docOrigin="Journal of Orthoptera Research 34 (1)" docSource="https://jor.pensoft.net/article/130822/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Rhombodera latipronotum Zhang 1990" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="44" masterDocId="5E3055A1CFD95A84AAF983558E895AF8" masterDocTitle="New data on the distribution of Rhombodera latipronotum (Mantodea, Mantidae) in Southeast Asia, with species redescription and biogeographic considerations" masterLastPageNumber="44" masterPageNumber="39" pageNumber="39" updateTime="1739980933989" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:title id="26BBF21DDDEEF4432EC5028B882E8170">New data on the distribution of Rhombodera latipronotum (Mantodea, Mantidae) in Southeast Asia, with species redescription and biogeographic considerations</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9670864A6DB1E6217CC784267682DF0C">Fasano, Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="12857CB1BBD1F76EAB777B57D7E0D7DD">Università degli studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno province, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="D40CDCB54A5B81F9214DE2349499C296">Journal of Orthoptera Research</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="33FC7B88848C10F120496702D89715D6">2025</mods:date>
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<taxonomicName id="B2C07BF9DF6AFA8FD34E71941434A4E4" ID-CoL="8PJGS" ID-ENA="2021298" authority="Zhang, 1990" authorityName="Zhang" authorityYear="1990" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Rhombodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latipronotum">
<emphasis id="D8500E405BB5195D503B67C24EFB4605" italics="true">Rhombodera latipronotum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AF942343EEFC467FCDF46A657B99DCD6" author="Zhang G" journalOrPublisher="Entomotaxonomia" pagination="113-114" refId="B23" refString="Zhang G (1990) A new species of the genus Hierodula (Mantodea, Mantidae) from China. Entomotaxonomia 12: 113-114." title="A new species of the genus Hierodula (Mantodea, Mantidae) from China." volume="12" year="1990">Zhang, 1990</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="021B1B1BF5B84A8A5B730C3CA11D1314" italics="true">Material examined.</emphasis>
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a. s. l.;
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;
<specimenCount id="E9F0C110B3E93769870621E2F3DCBAE0" count="305" type="generic">
<quantity id="C749DDAB775C0C6F35D4A263908344AA" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" unit="m" value="305.0">305 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
a. s. l.;
<date id="FFB0C2DE7BA56168A102E04228662F49" value="2023-11-12">
<collectingDate id="1E3AE5C0F35CBA6C20A179C7DEBF3AE5" value="2023-11-12">12 Nov. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3C4A55424064C0933307539C5D999E3C">Rudolf Wiborny</collectorName>
leg.
<ext-link id="F5304D2009023C944366F15CE19039A3" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.iNaturalist.org/observations/206965468" xlink_type="simple">https://www.iNaturalist.org/observations/206965468</ext-link>
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="5C00F8E1EAEF1D4744A0F496E03B8FBA" collectingDate="2014-05-20" collectorName="St. Jackl &amp; Lao collector" country="Laos" county="St. Jackl" elevation="1550" latitude="20.2" location="Phu Phane Mt." longLatPrecision="1268" longitude="103.98333" municipality="Phu Phane Mt." specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Huaphanne province">
<specimenCount id="993DA77DE2B184CE8B7D8C0513D7DECC" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="DBD91D926924839B9514954B9908B6C5">Huaphanne province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="6C025E7CC03FE0A73A97DA9AD12CAD1C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C5779B85E9D5A2ABD40683D8B7671F6:6C025E7CC03FE0A73A97DA9AD12CAD1C" country="Laos" county="St. Jackl" latitude="20.2" longLatPrecision="1268" longitude="103.98333" municipality="Phu Phane Mt." name="Phu Phane Mt." stateProvince="Huaphanne province">Phu Phane Mt.</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EUIAC" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[103.983333,20.200000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="11C679EF59C08326003E75346B706B7A" degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="20.2">20°12'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="078208B1EEA92F47520C7B29444212F9" degrees="103" direction="east" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="103.98333">103°59'E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<quantity id="8062E9320A3C59E1C9A55CAA05440817" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.2" unit="m" value="1550.0" valueMax="1900.0" valueMin="1200.0">
<elevation id="8DC8CEC5986E7DBBF342A571A484E744" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.2" unit="m" value="1550.0" valueMax="1900.0" valueMin="1200.0">12001900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
. a. s. l.;
<date id="ED6AF24E20613E548EF23274A26FD4D8" value="2014-05-20">
<collectingDate id="49BDDDD1220D9FDEB6D484DFB1130C57" value="2014-05-20">20 May 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="40DA4DAE7F0ED87CB4CB27AA911E7529">St. Jackl</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="C66F5F0C26B97ABF5BA2D257DBDB910A">Lao collector</collectorName>
leg.; A. Fasano personal collection
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="7674714CD91CE00C240D740142F171BF" collectingDate="2024-05-04" collectorName="Sun Wen Hao" country="Vietnam" latitude="20.711445" location="Xay district" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.1077" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Oudomxay province">
<specimenCount id="B316D9F875EE87F6A222F7C53D74783E" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="44CC168E4F149B4559FDB75DA395EBA7" country="Laos" name="Oudomxai">Oudomxay province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="45C39DBD9680C2673ED03B1FB7782439" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C5779B85E9D5A2ABD40683D8B7671F6:45C39DBD9680C2673ED03B1FB7782439" country="Vietnam" latitude="20.711445" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.1077" name="Xay district" stateProvince="Oudomxay province">Xay district</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E3IAC" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[102.107694,20.711444]}">
<geoCoordinate id="5BCD43A7A5A6699B728F3A2902B9E3E2" degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="41.2" value="20.711445">20°42'41.2&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C0B2736ABF201C06FD67FCAC4781E640" degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="27.7" value="102.1077">102°06'27.7&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="2C6D37BFF23D79C6E529DA88E005E566" value="2024-05-04">
<collectingDate id="EE230B7CE5C62FE7CD9FC7E314D3568B" value="2024-05-04">4 May 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="755AB8594505EBDEBB6042711534AD85">Sun Wen Hao</collectorName>
leg.
<ext-link id="7CF05AB92AB2329937E5BCA34DD735A2" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.iNaturalist.org/observations/214106349" xlink_type="simple">https://www.iNaturalist.org/observations/214106349</ext-link>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="0A07CE336A5103CBD83ECAD4A91240F9" collectingDate="2021-03-28" collectorName="Will Dinneen" country="Vietnam" elevation="15" latitude="21.015862" location="Ha N oi municipality" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="105.80425" municipality="Ha" specimenCount="16" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="ong B ang Song H ong region">
<collectingCountry id="1281D2E441142ED73FEC24BD53C9E1BA" name="Vietnam">VIETNAM</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="0E8355AFE74B549B387353D69308B316" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
; Đ
<collectingRegion id="E035939F831F8FE47D08F73D7386421D">ồng B ằng Sông H ồng region</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="A70C40C12EA8D28D6B0B153A2F8E2D0E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C5779B85E9D5A2ABD40683D8B7671F6:A70C40C12EA8D28D6B0B153A2F8E2D0E" country="Vietnam" latitude="21.015862" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="105.80425" municipality="Ha" name="Ha N oi municipality" stateProvince="ong B ang Song H ong region">Hà N ội municipality</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EJJAC" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[105.804250,21.015861]}">
<geoCoordinate id="A4166C91F28BA4FFFFCFFCF37249F0D6" degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="57.1" value="21.015862">21°00'57.1&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9DA542B0D7CED200BF6B8113EF9A80F2" degrees="105" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="15.3" value="105.80425">105°48'15.3&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<specimenCount id="8FC98B12A307592CE20563F68A43FCF8" count="15" type="generic">
<quantity id="EA771BD326918F33242AD1E29CE16DD0" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
a. s. l.;
<date id="A7F00A9215421E2A208BB40B7E537B4E" value="2021-03-28">
<collectingDate id="977DE5FF2EF8A20FAFDF3AAAD9567FAE" value="2021-03-28">28 Mar. 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="764C0414313A9CF6019702483DAF2D8F">Will Dinneen</collectorName>
leg.
<ext-link id="166D758E3643B99058AD7D9CA827513B" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.iNaturalist.org/observations/72334078" xlink_type="simple">https://www.iNaturalist.org/observations/72334078</ext-link>
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="18DD8BF9ED671F3F48222AD5CD40721E" collectingDate="2021-04-14" collectorName="Eugene Popov" country="Vietnam" county="Dong B ac region" latitude="22.628166" location="Nguyen Binh district" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="105.91158" municipality="Nguyen Binh district" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Cao Bang province">
<specimenCount id="8FE5962F94F20E6AA724721950AC4983" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
;
<collectingCounty id="FCA6105796623EEB1AD6006996F8F435">Đông B ắc region</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="3D64F3D7E47148A0112E2305B6DE0DEA" country="Vietnam" name="Cao Bang">Cao Bang province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="C3AC0ECBFCCF4D1F0F1101EA7EEC85D0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C5779B85E9D5A2ABD40683D8B7671F6:C3AC0ECBFCCF4D1F0F1101EA7EEC85D0" country="Vietnam" county="Dong B ac region" latitude="22.628166" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="105.91158" municipality="Nguyen Binh district" name="Nguyen Binh district" stateProvince="Cao Bang province">Nguyên Bình district</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EWJAC" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[105.911583,22.628167]}">
<geoCoordinate id="FC11B187191DCB20343BBFB14E8E77D7" degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="41.4" value="22.628166">22°37'41.4&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7A1FD5B5035612A070E492CF8C6194A4" degrees="105" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="41.7" value="105.91158">105°54'41.7&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="EFFF09E80ED97210FA5F13761E2D613D" value="2021-04-14">
<collectingDate id="FCB24E36305F4EF97DDCAE430D05D92E" value="2021-04-14">14 Apr. 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="C9019A01D91B1CE5CBE1502C00B4B390">Eugene Popov</collectorName>
leg.
<ext-link id="460BE9499789734EE70BCA1502D2A77A" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.iNaturalist.org/observations/74029097" xlink_type="simple">https://www.iNaturalist.org/observations/74029097</ext-link>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="8F8A78BEE8F68926B14E7457AF3DB612" collectingDate="2024-01-03" collectorName="Joshua P." country="Vietnam" county="Dong B ac region" latitude="22.85386" location="Dam Thu y" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="106.723724" municipality="Trung Khanh District" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Cao Bang province">
<collectingCountry id="FBCCFCAF1B9699326A61F0CE099AFD38" name="Vietnam">VIETNAM</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="DEC09F226287549EA4B6948B9D027E66" count="1" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingCounty id="3AEB278F86C99D666F8FAEC1AEEDC1FE">Đông B ắc region</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="3AE116AFDB32541CDEBF401645721202" country="Vietnam" name="Cao Bang">Cao Bang province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="66D7D681B6D974CA340665CEC85CBC9E">Trùng Khánh District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="E4BA27339B2A1AFA4F881920950805AD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C5779B85E9D5A2ABD40683D8B7671F6:E4BA27339B2A1AFA4F881920950805AD" country="Vietnam" county="Dong B ac region" latitude="22.85386" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="106.723724" municipality="Trung Khanh District" name="Dam Thu y" stateProvince="Cao Bang province">Đàm Thu ỷ</location>
, Đàm Thu ỷ;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EDKAC" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[106.723722,22.853861]}">
<geoCoordinate id="49608B0CD149FE4E5B8389E5AEAB8774" degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="51" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="13.9" value="22.85386">22°51'13.9&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="6F3D3C5CF21DC53C4A6E379C4BEE7003" degrees="106" direction="east" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="25.4" value="106.723724">106°43'25.4&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="CBFFE5FE2B03E204E06F564587D32412" value="2024-01-03">
<collectingDate id="9D6F206E69E0773C284BEDB286977B87" value="2024-01-03">03 Jan. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="47462C42AE979A937D071B00119D24BA">Joshua P.</collectorName>
leg.
<ext-link id="F53CDE1A7DD0165A5305C6F17069EDA6" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.iNaturalist.org/observations/199881298" xlink_type="simple">https://www.iNaturalist.org/observations/199881298</ext-link>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENKAC" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="0E45D5DB289616F7E13629CDF3EFD93C">
<heading id="084641B2DD988EC88DBB5C99DDE11CF0" reason="title">
<emphasis id="188453308A82D199FC4101185B15E208" italics="true">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="290D436F5E3761E3C5F3E513D07A6F1A">
Large mantids, characterized by a marked dilatation of the pronotum, which is 16 to over 20 millimeters wide. The hind wings are hyaline and lack the reddish tinge typical of many other species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="C1C59537E39A6E2296173EFD3BE06DFF" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1838" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Rhombodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8EFF572BED2D0AA7A3571F63E096691B" italics="true">Rhombodera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D1FD920C24529FA1C6B934E01EF12CF5">
<emphasis id="74A3A050594E96F5F937DC63FDF88030" bold="true">Male.</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="4EF647642CEC47B67D6F579E0B93010E" captionStart="Fig. 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Fig. 1. Rhombodera latipronotum: Adult male from Huaphanne province, northeastern Laos. A. Ventral view; B. Dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/jor.34.130822.fig1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1255685">1</figureCitation>
) Large with uniform green coloring. Head triangular with a vertex almost without relief, only slightly protruding, with an ocellar tubercle housing three large, well-developed, triangularly arranged ocelli. Postclypeus trapezoidal with well-defined raised contours, superior margin forming an obtuse angle, and two central ribbon-like protuberances of light color crossing it longitudinally. Compound eyes well developed, globular, and slightly protruding laterally. Postclypeus broader than high, separated from the clypeus by a well-defined epistomal groove with a small central protuberance, upper margin slightly arched. Labrum trapezoidal, slightly higher than clypeus and slightly darker in color. Palpi conspicuous and only slightly pubescent. Antennae filiform with coloration similar to that of the body from the base to the first antennomeres, gradually darkening distally. Pronotum robust, with a marked supracoxal dilatation, semicircular in shape, well-shaped and with a smooth margin without denticles, the metazone two and a half times as long as the prozone; the superior margin has an expansion that dorsally hides part of the head; the inferior margin has a narrow and truncate extremity, longitudinal median carina well evident. Prothoracic legs with evenly green coxae and some yellowish shades on the inner side with 79 whitish marginal spines, moderately long and thin. Slightly protruding trochanter of dark coloration. Femora with slightly curved green upper margin, yellowish inner side with several brown areas at the discoidal spines and the row of anteroventral inner spines. Discoidal spines long and black except at the base, 1315 anteroventral spines unequal in length and coloration, arranged as follows: IiiIiIiIiIi. Longer spines completely black with brown blotch at base; smaller spines same color as inner side of femur except for the tip, which is black. Claw groove very evident, forming a depression on the femur of a light color. Tibiae yellowish, with 1415 internal spines and 11 external spines, all black only at the tip. Tarsi well-developed, with basitarsus as long as all tarsomeres put together; well-developed euplantulae with adherent ends useful for clinging to plants. Meso- and metathoracic legs uniformly green, simple, and lobeless, with no evident genicular spurs and two tibial spurs. Abdomen narrow, tapering, uniformly green on tergites and sternites, with reddish hues on pleura. Dark spots between the third and fifth sternites, used by the insect in deimatic displays. The subgenital plate is trapezoidal in shape, with relatively long styli. Cerci well developed, whitish proximally and darker distally, and covered with fine hair. Wings well developed and functional, exceeding the length of the abdomen. Forewings with green costal area, stigma whitish with milky appearance and partly surrounded by dark brown halo, veins jagged and irregular. Hind wings with slight green coloration only on superior margin, rest of wing surface colorless, with no reddish tinge or wing spots. Genital with apical process of left phallomere (paa) long, with hook-like apex. Anterior lobe of phalloid apophysis (aafa) contorted, posterior lobe of phalloid apophysis (pafa) short, not beyond the posteromesal of left phallomere (loa). Both aafa and pafa quite sharp apically. Lateral secondary distal process (sdpl) of ventral phallomere uniformly bending, rod-like and gradually narrowing, and apically sharp. Right phallomere with posterior main lobe (fda) nearly triangular, pva and pia claw-like.
</paragraph>
<caption id="2F2DF55B103E9C3ABF9C8000276C2215" ID-DOI="10.3897/jor.34.130822.fig1" ID-arpha="B2C8F0C6-BD95-5B2D-B37D-9EED2C22C7E4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1255685" startId="F1">
<paragraph id="FE6DC5041DA684529E3D926E60829638">
<label id="6F315B1BBE302AA83267C5FD29FAB961">Fig. 1.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E7747ABD141DA11EEC0CB909FB4F5C1C">
<taxonomicName id="70C4C5379A79F18993AE06C01A5942BC" authorityName="Zhang" authorityYear="1990" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Rhombodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latipronotum">
<emphasis id="A36F7F65F73144A2246E1A642396697E" italics="true">Rhombodera latipronotum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: Adult male from Huaphanne province, northeastern Laos.
<emphasis id="688C6A73F8DA02BF8EA9077E1CCD4883" bold="true">A.</emphasis>
Ventral view;
<emphasis id="C80D286D814908F8E47734FCDAB818D4" bold="true">B.</emphasis>
Dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="25AAAD3CDEED0C29F6B03A478F8CBE7B">
<emphasis id="76AB68FF4563211B7E41225978F165FC" bold="true">Female.</emphasis>
Very large and robust-looking, body coloration uniformly green with aquamarine highlights, reddish spots on the lower part of abdomen, mesothorax, and metathorax. Robust, triangular head, the top of which is smooth, lacking protuberances or depressions. Compound eyes large, globular, and slightly protruding. Ocelli small and less prominent than in males. Postclypeus pentagonal, taller than wide, separated from the clypeus by an evident epistomal groove, with two fairings running its entire length. Postclypeus trapezoidal, uniformly colored. Labrum trapezoidal, with the inferior margin rounded and yellowish. Mandibles highly developed, with the tip colored dark. Palpi elongated with low pubescence. Antennae filiform, with pedicel and scape the same color as the head, and dark antennomeres. Pronotum very robust, with large, almost semicircular lateral expansions that entirely occlude dorsal view of forelegs. Edges of expansions are rounded and free of irregularities; metazona approximately two and a half times longer than prozone, the supracoxal groove very evident. On the ventral side, coloration of pronotum less uniform and tends to have irregularities, with several jagged areas of yellow or whitish. Prothoracic legs with green coxae, some yellowish shades on inner side, with 810 whitish marginal spines quite long and wide. Slightly protruding trochanter of dark coloration. Femora with slightly curved green upper margin, yellowish inner side with several brown areas at the discoidal spines and row of anteroventral inner spines. Discoidal spines long and black except at base, 1315 anteroventral spines unequal in length and coloration, arranged as follows: IiiIiIiIiIiI. Longer spines completely black with brown blotch at base, smaller spines same color as inner side of femur except for tip, which is black. Claw groove very evident, forming a depression on femur in light color. Tibiae yellowish, with 1415 internal spines and 11 external spines, all black only at tip. Tarsi well-developed, with basitarsus as long as rest of tarsomeres put together; well-developed euplantulae with adherent ends useful for clinging to plants. Meso- and metathoracic legs uniformly green, simple, and lobe-less, with no evident genicular spurs and two tibial spurs. Abdomen narrow, tapering, uniformly green on tergites and sternites, with reddish hues on pleura and stigmas. Dark spots between third and fifth sternites, used by the insect in deimatic displays. Well-developed, yellowish cerci covered with fine hairs. Wings fully developed, reaching end of abdomen. Forewings uniformly green with bright white stigma with dark brown outlines. Hind wings with uniform coloration except for the upper margin of costal area edged with green.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFMAC" type="description">
<paragraph id="7CA1130ABF00344405F0C17087278D69">
<heading id="7009E807C880D81D03D956DF57DDF798" reason="title">
<emphasis id="8585EF5B4F3B1B17FB03F4D9D9CF52EC" italics="true">Measurements.</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B9E1E03327BB0A9FE2A271DF737D6DE3">
(In mm.)
<specimenCount id="D46A2FA409119A52B2A67C5FE11EE0D1" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
(n = 2),
<specimenCount id="3E0C944DF8493D0A5F9803CFFA908079" count="1" type="female"></specimenCount>
(n = 1). Total length
<specimenCount id="9BD0E429F9C880404270D8294E9B7141" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
72.582.3,
<specimenCount id="067B9107EFC12C0571C369130AF58796" count="1" type="female"></specimenCount>
89.3. Pronotum length
<specimenCount id="5A8E820F769479EAB7313F81DC76F0B0" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
20.521.0,
<specimenCount id="5E7C450767C5B2EF0506B8075BB4F203" count="1" type="female"></specimenCount>
23.1. Pronotum width
<specimenCount id="1C2B045272C4EF56358DD2C8D42B4BE8" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
17.517.7,
<specimenCount id="AFB78D107ADC659E3CBD7546BDE54E59" count="1" type="female"></specimenCount>
22.2. Forewing length
<specimenCount id="2A76CBEFCB614FAF83CD992ECF419873" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
60.661.2,
<specimenCount id="6111E7F00D8E6666E23C38E606600FFA" count="1" type="female"></specimenCount>
54.6.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENMAC" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="6ABE6A45FD927DD8AB0A76DBD9C57179">
<heading id="50806213E7424834F26F8D63EA312A69" reason="title">
<emphasis id="CB47FB0BDFFCEA55F8EBDE38A288D5A6" italics="true">Distributional and ethological remarks.</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F6C9973809F09A86F7C7F04EE1C205C">
The range of the species expands southeast from the type locality where it was originally described (Fig.
<figureCitation id="00B22C653037BDCA199893E719821672" captionStart="Fig. 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Fig. 2. Images of several Rhombodera latipronotum specimens reported outside the type locality. A. Adult male attracted by a light trap from a tropical forest in Oudomxay province, Laos. Photo by Sun Wen Hao. B. Adult female from Cao Bang, Vietnam. Photo by Joshua P. C. Adult male from Fangcheng district, Guanxi, China. Photo by Manassas. D. Female nymph from Luang Prabang waterfall, Laos. Note the very prominent pronotal expansion. Photo by Rudolf Wiborny." figureDoi="10.3897/jor.34.130822.fig2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1255686">2</figureCitation>
). Its presence is now confirmed in the Chinese autonomous region of Guanxi,
<collectingCountry id="5A930E41234CC6BB5445B7593796BF19" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="18DC2B2AEA07F19A7CC9AFC4CCDBD606" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="B0CF426CFE7799874A9B18EA5757B266" captionStart="Fig. 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Fig. 3. Updated map of the distribution of Rhombodera latipronotum. Green dots indicate type localities and previous sightings for this species; red dots indicate new reports discussed in this article. Base image from Google Maps 2024 © Google." figureDoi="10.3897/jor.34.130822.fig3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1255687">3</figureCitation>
). All new territories where
<taxonomicName id="6C56D5B8FA6E3B95D7471641404F62DA" authorityName="Zhang" authorityYear="1990" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Rhombodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latipronotum">
<emphasis id="9715370D3BC8ECDD4BC614EC91B3EA77" italics="true">R. latipronotum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been reported also belong to the Indo-Malay ecozone, characterized by recurrent tropical biomes such as rainforests, seasonal forests, and grasslands. The climate is largely influenced by alternations between trade winds and monsoon seasons (
<bibRefCitation id="E60CE1965E8BBEBAE09F73A2346ABAB0" author="Goodall" firstAuthor="Goodall" refId="B11" refString="Goodall DG (1977) Ecosystems of the World. Elsevier, Amsterdam." year="1977">Goodall 1977</bibRefCitation>
). From the observations collected, it was established that this mantis can be found in both lowland areas and on elevations, in both cases in areas with a high density of tree, shrub, and grass vegetation. Females remain flattened on leaves, waiting for prey and laying oothecae on branches even several meters above the ground, while males are easily attracted to artificial lights and, because of their greater flying skills, able to move long distances. As is the case in the type locality (southern Yunnan), this species is not abundant in the areas where it is encountered, remaining fairly confined and thus common only locally (
<bibRefCitation id="E3BAC1829053DAC8E096C26679944044" author="Wu" firstAuthor="Wu" refId="B20" refString="Wu C (2021) A photographic guide to mantis of China. Chongqing University Press, 199 pp." year="2021">Wu 2021</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="53C75B83055EFCF8ABB512253E637697" ID-DOI="10.3897/jor.34.130822.fig2" ID-arpha="D74DA4F7-A41A-5A1B-BF63-51B73F5AB9E2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1255686" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="4A7BD2CF82A926D0C256A964BC6C7B3A">
<label id="EC25EA5F43F79D68D481C320922308DC">Fig. 2.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="99B4F1277BFEA4228B2A47D8A31D7C21">
Images of several
<taxonomicName id="87449440228C15C0F3BB052843728883" authorityName="Zhang" authorityYear="1990" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Rhombodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latipronotum">
<emphasis id="5C74B27B8A38E7C09A8EDB021A9E411C" italics="true">Rhombodera latipronotum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens reported outside the type locality.
<emphasis id="0B7CD24DA581B281C20E1470D10C137C" bold="true">A.</emphasis>
Adult male attracted by a light trap from a tropical forest in Oudomxay province, Laos. Photo by Sun Wen Hao.
<emphasis id="A9009302C85787BFD0CC48B151104A5E" bold="true">B.</emphasis>
Adult female from Cao Bang, Vietnam. Photo by Joshua P.
<emphasis id="F7542FDDA00B6472107FC88A09B5BC4F" bold="true">C.</emphasis>
Adult male from Fangcheng district, Guanxi, China. Photo by Manassas.
<emphasis id="A4E448333F5F641E7926711179027579" bold="true">D.</emphasis>
Female nymph from Luang Prabang waterfall, Laos. Note the very prominent pronotal expansion. Photo by Rudolf Wiborny.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="6E06B484FD80240808641597F3524E8B" ID-DOI="10.3897/jor.34.130822.fig3" ID-arpha="65DFA5E7-1771-58EE-AACA-FBB029FE547A" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1255687" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="69B3A5356B0975F27F6D0EDC9AF7AACA">
<label id="F69E124039D52CEACFFDCC211B88C593">Fig. 3.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="159A7B00EF641E929EA1683F0C65AD0C">
Updated map of the distribution of
<taxonomicName id="E95868DF237E51243E77E3D289B2E220" authorityName="Zhang" authorityYear="1990" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Rhombodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latipronotum">
<emphasis id="8A329187A0DCE44D5FAB0DF263F42ACB" italics="true">Rhombodera latipronotum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Green dots indicate type localities and previous sightings for this species; red dots indicate new reports discussed in this article. Base image from Google Maps 2024 © Google.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EJPAC" type="Morphological remarks.">
<paragraph id="82093FA0A38BBFCA733860633AD57CAA">
<heading id="ECF642742F93350745BADE92E74F6867" reason="title">
<emphasis id="2906FF8D66D5B9D9152913FC419E2AD2" italics="true">Morphological remarks.</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EDCFB78A65A0E7EAC4FF95C55E94BDD4">The original description of this species by Zhang in 1990 is based on the unspecified primary type, whose sex is unknown. The description of the type specimen is sketchy, lacking specifics on certain body parts such as the head, abdomen, wings (except the stigma), and middle and hind legs.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>