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<document id="7203DC35009FC06502239021433F0A45" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.658.2.7" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13217658" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1722614430638" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Shah, Sujit &amp; Farias, Antonio Roberto Gomes De" docDate="2024" docId="03FF0126FFEA2636FF1DB7804FE1FE1A" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.658.2.7.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 658 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.658.2.7" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Anthracocystis ananatum" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="208" masterDocId="FFC6795EFFEF2630FF95B3744C49FFC2" masterDocTitle="One new species and a new record of saprobic fungi from Ananas comosus in northern Thailand" masterLastPageNumber="215" masterPageNumber="203" pageNumber="208" updateTime="1724414522098" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="E33FBF22A6DB1E566985F576AC174EB5" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="B2CACECEFE51BC952C277CC6A675853D">
<mods:title id="00DC8D652B31B01822443A3736A2E65A">One new species and a new record of saprobic fungi from Ananas comosus in northern Thailand</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="2A69EAD0CD67CDC0DC94C13430E37363" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="89B4DCAE48A752C48E1D458E5967AD32">Shah, Sujit</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BB997D3191DB9CCD15EB74725A72615E" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6175-5242</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="758E7486312A9E6B27ED876D9FB51E85">Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University &amp; School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0AC0E25DC8642E3E6B894DB57E121E59" type="email">sujitaug16shah@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="BFE9D0770F3039B6A8A7F28BE7E3BAC2">Farias, Antonio Roberto Gomes De</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0205BDF5C5745322C9E78EEA31C95539" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4768-1547</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B4A23094C115F61B9F547DE04DEFAD37">Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University &amp; School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="079846D578C19788FEBE93911595E42A" type="email">rfariasagro@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="23690E86B2E820722552B2DA38FFD4B8">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="7DDF09D4FF0C3C3B3D7B7409BD96EDF0">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="90B63F9040F20CCDD0EB59FAFB45537D">2024-07-03</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="03A7734D4E38A3714E10E0238753AE85">658</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03FF0126FFEA2636FF1DB7804FE1FE1A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13365464" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13365464" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FF0126FFEA2636FF1DB7804FE1FE1A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FF0126FFEA2636FF1DB7804FE1FE1A" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="208" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
<subSubSection id="C34CE3BBFFEA2635FF1DB7804DF9FACC" box="[136,432,1268,1295]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE9B030FFEA2635FF1DB7804DF9FACC" blockId="5.[136,821,1268,1438]" box="[136,432,1268,1295]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
<heading id="D0A1075CFFEA2635FF1DB7804DF9FACC" bold="true" box="[136,432,1268,1295]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C56CBB3FFEA2635FF1DB7804DF9FACC" box="[136,432,1268,1295]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Anthracocystis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="ananatum">
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFEA2635FF1DB7804DF9FACC" bold="true" box="[136,432,1268,1295]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Anthracocystis ananatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34CE3BBFFEA2635FF1DB6684EEAF958" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE9B030FFEA2635FF1DB6684C8EFAF3" blockId="5.[136,821,1268,1438]" box="[136,199,1308,1329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
<figureCitation id="136DACB5FFEA2635FF1DB6684C8EFAF3" box="[136,199,1308,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[136,229,1243,1265]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,494,1215]" captionTargetId="figure-166@6.[151,1435,494,1215]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. The morphological stage of Anthracocystis ananatum (MFLU23-0446). a Hyphomycetes. b Conidia. c-f Conidia with conidiophore. d Mycelium. e Conidia, conidiogenous cells and conidiophores. g Germinating conidia. h budding of conidia. f Light orange-colored colonies. Scale bar: b-h =10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217664" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217664/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">FIG. 3</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE9B030FFEA2635FF1DB6344F7CFA94" blockId="5.[136,821,1268,1438]" box="[136,821,1344,1366]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Index Fungorum number: IF 901770, Facesoffungi Number: FoF15562</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE9B030FFEA2635FF1DB6104E31FABB" blockId="5.[136,821,1268,1438]" box="[136,632,1380,1402]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFEA2635FF1DB6104CA6FABB" box="[136,239,1380,1401]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Etymology</emphasis>
– Named after the fruit
<taxonomicName id="4C56CBB3FFEA2635FE42B6104E31FABB" box="[471,632,1380,1401]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Ananas" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="comosus">
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFEA2635FE42B6104E31FABB" box="[471,632,1380,1401]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Ananas comosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE9B030FFEA2635FF1DB6FC4DC2FA5C" blockId="5.[136,821,1268,1438]" box="[136,395,1416,1438]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFEA2635FF1DB6FC4CA9FA5F" box="[136,224,1416,1437]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
<typeStatus id="54ED0E92FFEA2635FF1DB6FC4CA9FA5F" box="[136,224,1416,1437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
– MFLU23-0446
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE9B030FFEA2635FF1DB6B84965F9B4" blockId="5.[136,1452,1484,2087]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFEA2635FF1DB6B84D5BFA24" bold="true" box="[136,274,1484,1510]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Description</emphasis>
: Saprobic on the crown leaf surface of pineapple.
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFEA2635FCEDB6B8486DFA24" bold="true" box="[888,1060,1484,1510]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Sexual morph</emphasis>
: Not observed.
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFEA2635FB72B6B849EDFA24" bold="true" box="[1255,1444,1484,1510]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Asexual morph</emphasis>
: Hyphomycete white fuzzy, corticolous. Mycelium simple, hyaline, clustered, often branched, and septate with or without constriction. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, Conidiophore smooth wall, long and distinct, 9-33.5x1.75-3.6 (
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFEA2635FA0AB5614CD2F990" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">x̅ =</emphasis>
20.2 μm × 2.3 μm, n = 20). Conidia germinating from mycelium, scattered, hyaline, fusiform or cylindrical, immature aseptate, mature become septate, smooth-walled. 3.8 - 9.6 μm x 1.2-2.5 μm (
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFEA2635FC71B5294843F9B4" box="[996,1034,1629,1654]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">x̅ =</emphasis>
6.1 μm × 1.8 μm, n = 20).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE9B030FFEA2635FF28B5F44EEAF958" blockId="5.[136,1452,1484,2087]" box="[189,675,1664,1690]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFEA2635FF28B5F44DFAF958" bold="true" box="[189,435,1664,1690]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Known distribution:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F341F0A0FFEA2635FE2CB5F44E54F958" box="[441,541,1664,1690]" name="Thailand" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Thailand</collectingCountry>
(this study)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34CE3BBFFEA2636FF28B5D04FE1FE1A" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="209" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE9B030FFEA2635FF28B5D0490BF920" blockId="5.[136,1452,1484,2087]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFEA2635FF28B5D04DFDF97C" bold="true" box="[189,436,1700,1726]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Materials examined:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F341F0A0FFEA2635FE2FB5D04E07F97C" box="[442,590,1700,1726]" name="Thailand" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">THAILAND</collectingCountry>
, Nang Lae subdistrict,
<collectingRegion id="49927ED2FFEA2635FCC5B5D04F98F97C" box="[848,977,1700,1726]" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Rai" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Chiang Rai</collectingRegion>
, 20.032414746
<superScript id="7C231D78FFEA2635FBE8B5D048CDF970" attach="right" box="[1149,1156,1700,1714]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">°</superScript>
and 99.871511148
<superScript id="7C231D78FFEA2635FAC7B5D04910F970" attach="none" box="[1362,1369,1700,1714]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">°</superScript>
, on the crown leaf surface of pineapple,
<date id="FFE896F0FFEA2635FE62B5BD4EC1F920" box="[503,648,1736,1763]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" value="2023-04-07">7 April 2023</date>
, S. Shah 6_H (MFLU23-0446), living culture MFLU23-0446.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE9B030FFEA2635FF28B5984E81F8E8" blockId="5.[136,1452,1484,2087]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFEA2635FF28B5984DFDF8C4" bold="true" box="[189,436,1772,1798]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Culture Characters:</emphasis>
Slow growing on PDA at 28
<superScript id="7C231D78FFEA2635FC99B5984F5BF938" attach="right" box="[780,786,1772,1786]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">◦</superScript>
C, creamy-white with very light brick red, velvety, ropey texture, margins distinct, raised with hyaline edges.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE9B030FFEA2635FF28B440485DF88C" blockId="5.[136,1452,1484,2087]" box="[189,1044,1844,1871]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFEA2635FF28B4404E29F88C" bold="true" box="[189,608,1844,1870]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">GenBank numbers: MFLU23-0446</emphasis>
: ITS = OR817979, LSU = OR817980
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE9B030FFEA2636FF28B42C4FE1FE1A" blockId="5.[136,1452,1484,2087]" lastBlockId="6.[136,1452,158,472]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="209" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFEA2635FF28B42C4D40F8B0" bold="true" box="[189,265,1880,1906]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Notes:</emphasis>
The morphotype of our specimen collected as saprobic has a distinct characteristic compared to the other
<taxonomicName id="4C56CBB3FFEA2635FF5FB4084D99F854" box="[202,464,1916,1942]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Anthracocystis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFEA2635FF5FB4084D39F854" box="[202,368,1916,1942]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Anthracocystis</emphasis>
species.
</taxonomicName>
The presence of true septate hyphae that may be constricted makes it differ from other
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFEA2635FF1DB4D44D7CF878" box="[136,309,1952,1978]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
<taxonomicName id="4C56CBB3FFEA2635FF1DB4D44D78F878" box="[136,305,1952,1978]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Anthracocystis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">Anthracocystis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
which has been reported to have non-sporogenous hyphae (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC7CDC1FFEA2635FC7FB4D448B9F878" author="McTaggart, A. R. &amp; Shivas, R. G. &amp; Geering, A. D. &amp; Vanky, K. &amp; Scharaschkin, T." box="[1002,1264,1952,1978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" pagination="116 - 132" refId="ref7981" refString="McTaggart, A. R., Shivas, R. G., Geering, A. D., Vanky, K. &amp; Scharaschkin, T. (2012) Taxonomic revision of Ustilago, Sporisorium and Macalpinomyces. Persoonia 29 (1): 116 - 132. https: // doi. org / 10.3767 / 003158512 X 661462" type="journal article" year="2012">
McTaggart
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFEA2635FBFAB4D548E3F878" box="[1135,1194,1952,1978]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C56CBB3FFEA2635FA90B4D44D04F81C" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Anthracocystis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="heteropogonicola">
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFEA2635FA90B4D44D04F81C" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Anthracocystis heteropogonicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been described with its pseudophyphae, unipolar budding, ballistoconidia. It lacks conidiophores, clamp connection and conidigenous cells (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC7CDC1FFEA2635FDE7B49C4F73F7C0" author="Rush, T. A. &amp; Albu, S. &amp; Kijpornyongpan, T. &amp; Aime, M. C." box="[626,826,2024,2050]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" pagination="921 - 934" refId="ref8485" refString="Rush, T. A., Albu, S., Kijpornyongpan, T. &amp; Aime, M. C. (2020) Farysia magdalena sp. nov. and description of the anamorph of Anthracocystis heteropogonicola from the Americas. Mycological Progress 19 (9): 921 - 934. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 11557 - 020 - 01610 - 7" type="journal article" year="2020">
Rush
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFEA2635FD2DB49D4EBAF7C0" box="[696,755,2024,2050]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
). The asexual morphotype, particularly conidiophores, conidiogenous cells, and mycelium in
<taxonomicName id="4C56CBB3FFEA2635FDC5BB784EBEF7E4" box="[592,759,2060,2086]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Anthracocystis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="hwangensis">
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFEA2635FDC5BB784EBEF7E4" box="[592,759,2060,2086]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">A. hwangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has not been reported yet (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC7CDC1FFEA2635FBD1BB78489EF7E4" author="Vanky, K." box="[1092,1239,2060,2086]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" pagination="205 - 241" refId="ref9493" refString="Vanky, K. (2003) The smut fungi (Ustilaginomycetes) of Sporobolus (Poaceae). Fungal Diversity 14: 205 - 241." type="journal article" year="2003">Vánky 2003</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC7CDC1FFEA2636FB7DBB794C8CFF7A" author="McTaggart, A. R. &amp; Shivas, R. G. &amp; Geering, A. D. &amp; Vanky, K. &amp; Scharaschkin, T." lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="209" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" pagination="116 - 132" refId="ref7981" refString="McTaggart, A. R., Shivas, R. G., Geering, A. D., Vanky, K. &amp; Scharaschkin, T. (2012) Taxonomic revision of Ustilago, Sporisorium and Macalpinomyces. Persoonia 29 (1): 116 - 132. https: // doi. org / 10.3767 / 003158512 X 661462" type="journal article" year="2012">
McTaggart
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFEA2635FAFBBB7949E5F7E4" box="[1390,1452,2060,2086]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C56CBB3FFE92636FF4FB3EA4DE2FF7B" box="[218,427,158,185]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Anthracocystis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="6" pageNumber="209" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFE92636FF4FB3EA4DC9FF7A" box="[218,384,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="209">Anthracocystis</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
is commonly reported as a pathogen from other parts of the world, mainly in its sexual stage (Thirumalachar &amp; Mundkur 1951;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC7CDC1FFE92636FDCAB3B64F2AFF1E" author="Shivas, R. G. &amp; Vanky, K." box="[607,867,194,220]" pageId="6" pageNumber="209" pagination="835 - 840" refId="ref8999" refString="Shivas, R. G. &amp; Vanky, K. (1997) New smuts (Ustilaginales) on grasses from Western Australia. Mycological Research 101: 835 - 840." type="journal article" year="1997">Shivas &amp; Vánky 1997</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC7CDC1FFE92636FCE7B3B6480BFF1F" author="Piatek, M. &amp; Lutz, M. &amp; Yorou, N. S." box="[882,1090,194,221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="209" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref8290" refString="Piatek, M., Lutz, M. &amp; Yorou, N. S. (2015) A molecular phylogenetic framework for Anthracocystis (Ustilaginales), including five new combinations (inter alia for the asexual Pseudozyma flocculosa), and description of Anthracocystis grodzinskae sp. nov. Mycological Progress 14: 1 - 15. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 11557 - 015 - 1114 - 3" type="journal article" year="2015">
Piątek
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFE92636FC57B3B74FB4FF1E" box="[962,1021,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="209">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC7CDC1FFE92636FBC4B3B7491CFF1E" author="McTaggart, A. R. &amp; Shivas, R. G. &amp; Geering, A. D. &amp; Vanky, K. &amp; Scharaschkin, T." box="[1105,1365,194,221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="209" pagination="116 - 132" refId="ref7981" refString="McTaggart, A. R., Shivas, R. G., Geering, A. D., Vanky, K. &amp; Scharaschkin, T. (2012) Taxonomic revision of Ustilago, Sporisorium and Macalpinomyces. Persoonia 29 (1): 116 - 132. https: // doi. org / 10.3767 / 003158512 X 661462" type="journal article" year="2012">
McTaggart
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFE92636FB40B3B74959FF1E" box="[1237,1296,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="209">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC7CDC1FFE92636FAF6B3B649E9FF1E" author="McTaggart, A. R. &amp; Shivas, R. G. &amp; Boekhout, T. &amp; Oberwinkler, F. &amp; Vanky, K. &amp; Pennycook, S. R. &amp; Begerow, D." box="[1379,1440,194,220]" pageId="6" pageNumber="209" pagination="309 - 315" refId="ref8045" refString="McTaggart, A. R., Shivas, R. G., Boekhout, T., Oberwinkler, F., Vanky, K., Pennycook, S. R. &amp; Begerow, D. (2016) Mycosarcoma (Ustilaginaceae), a resurrected generic name for corn smut (Ustilago maydis) and its close relatives with hypertrophied, tubular sori. IMA fungus 7 (2): 309 - 315. https: // doi. org / 10.5598 / imafungus. 2016.07.02.10" type="journal article" year="2016">2016</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C56CBB3FFE92636FF1DB3924DB5FEC2" box="[136,508,230,256]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Anthracocystis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="6" pageNumber="209" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="heteropogonicola">
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFE92636FF1DB3924DB5FEC2" box="[136,508,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="209">Anthracocystis heteropogonicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was recorded from the fern in southern
<collectingRegion id="49927ED2FFE92636FC5EB3924870FEC2" box="[971,1081,230,256]" country="United States of America" name="Louisiana" pageId="6" pageNumber="209">Louisiana</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCountry id="F341F0A0FFE92636FBDFB39248CCFEC2" box="[1098,1157,230,256]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="209">USA</collectingCountry>
) and a rust-infected grass in
<collectingCountry id="F341F0A0FFE92636FF32B27E4CB7FEE6" box="[167,254,266,292]" name="Guyana" pageId="6" pageNumber="209">Guyana</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC7CDC1FFE92636FE9AB27E4D9AFEE6" author="Rush, T. A. &amp; Albu, S. &amp; Kijpornyongpan, T. &amp; Aime, M. C." box="[271,467,266,292]" pageId="6" pageNumber="209" pagination="921 - 934" refId="ref8485" refString="Rush, T. A., Albu, S., Kijpornyongpan, T. &amp; Aime, M. C. (2020) Farysia magdalena sp. nov. and description of the anamorph of Anthracocystis heteropogonicola from the Americas. Mycological Progress 19 (9): 921 - 934. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 11557 - 020 - 01610 - 7" type="journal article" year="2020">
Rush
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFE92636FEC6B27F4DC7FEE6" box="[339,398,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="209">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
). The phylogenetic analyses showed that our collections MFLU23-0446 grouped with
<taxonomicName id="4C56CBB3FFE92636FF1DB25A4D6AFE8A" box="[136,291,302,328]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Anthracocystis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="6" pageNumber="209" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="hwangensis">
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFE92636FF1DB25A4D6AFE8A" box="[136,291,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="209">A.hwangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
isolates with 72 % ML bootstrap and 0.97 BYPP probability support. BLASTn base pair comparisons between
<taxonomicName id="4C56CBB3FFE92636FF79B2274D32FEAE" box="[236,379,339,365]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Anthracocystis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="6" pageNumber="209" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="ananatum">
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFE92636FF79B2274D32FEAE" box="[236,379,339,365]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="209">A. ananatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(MFLU23-0446) and
<taxonomicName id="4C56CBB3FFE92636FDEBB2274F4CFEAE" box="[638,773,338,365]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Anthracocystis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="6" pageNumber="209" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="mutabilis">
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFE92636FDEBB2274F4CFEAE" box="[638,773,338,365]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="209">A. mutabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BRIP 44111) shows 97% identity of ITS (699/720) and 1% of gaps 10/720. Thus, based on morphology and phylogenetic analysis of combined ITS and LSU nucleotide data sets, we report
<taxonomicName id="4C56CBB3FFE92636FEA6B2EF4D8BFE76" box="[307,450,411,437]" class="Ustilaginomycetes" family="Ustilaginaceae" genus="Anthracocystis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ustilaginales" pageId="6" pageNumber="209" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="ananatum">
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFE92636FEA6B2EF4D8BFE76" box="[307,450,411,437]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="209">A. ananatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a new species in the
<taxonomicName id="4C56CBB3FFE92636FD47B2EE4F89FE76" box="[722,960,410,436]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Didymosphaeriaceae" kingdom="Fungi" order="Pleosporales" pageId="6" pageNumber="209" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="family">
<emphasis id="B9226C22FFE92636FD47B2EE4F89FE76" box="[722,960,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="209">Didymosphaeriaceae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
isolated from asymptomatic post-harvested pineapple fruit from the local market of Chaing Rai, northern
<collectingCountry id="F341F0A0FFE92636FCA9B2CA4FEAFE1A" box="[828,931,446,472]" name="Thailand" pageId="6" pageNumber="209">Thailand</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

470
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<subSubSection id="B1F22C7A71F62967E05FC019AFA6E038" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F126834147D8387F0083AD672E8CD83B">
<taxonomicName id="11F7B128CE4AB1B8EE442F0D9DEAAF0F" authority="Huang &amp; Wang" authorityName="Huang &amp; Zeng &amp; Fan &amp; Lin &amp; Dong &amp; Su &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Serangium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xinpingensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2EE66034D56934B94B626A014CEA1F60" italics="true">Serangium xinpingensis</emphasis>
Huang &amp; Wang
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DA02144BED6CBC347A73B2C68BA86947" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EEGAE" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="CE5B408886B8BE04F1D2AA4A5A26DB55">
<heading id="9D60127FD1BD190AFD1A75F38FBB4712" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B73F645A58DE819D5F9A6AFB5AC49252">
This species can be identified by its brown body, dark-brown pronotum with sparse setae and two subparallel longitudinal rows of punctures along the lateral elytral margin, and body integument covered with long, thin setae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="FAC29376ECD1DC6CD99E65351742CC78" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Serangium xinpingensis sp. nov. a – c habitus photos: a dorsal view b lateral view c front view d prothorax, ventral view e maxilla, ventral view f labium, ventral view g mandible, dorsal view h antenna, dorsal view i posterior leg, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (a – d, i); 0.1 mm (e, h); 0.05 mm (f, g)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1210.129040.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1119432">2 a</figureCitation>
); the penis is strongly arched (Fig.
<figureCitation id="76ADB2C61474C5B3D4EC18B36717E2F5" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Genitalia of adults of Serangium xinpingensis sp. nov. a abdomen, ventral view b – d male genitalia: b penis, lateral view c tegmen, ventral view d tegmen, lateral view e – f female ovipositor: e spermatheca f coxites, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1210.129040.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1119433">3 b</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7E9FFE20CE016248C571FAA27F1320A8">
This species is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="E97C62AEF2D8365305C4909870C5951E" authority="(Chapin, 1940)" baseAuthorityName="Chapin" baseAuthorityYear="1940" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Serangium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clauseni">
<emphasis id="5266039B9100434A41B216CC30561155" italics="true">Serangium clauseni</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EED0E771A8AEB8A5E5ED37864D44A36C" author="Chapin E" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences" pagination="263-272" refId="B4" refString="Chapin E (1940) New genera and species of lady-beetles related to Serangium Blackburn (Coleoptera: Coocinellidae). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 30: 263 - 272." title="New genera and species of lady-beetles related to Serangium Blackburn (Coleoptera: Coocinellidae)." volume="30" year="1940">Chapin, 1940</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="265EEBF719A37ABEBC26426937DDD82B" authority="Sicard, 1929" authorityName="Sicard" authorityYear="1929" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Serangium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parcesetosum">
<emphasis id="8E26552D00BE02A1E1B699FED681B9AB" italics="true">Serangium parcesetosum</emphasis>
Sicard, 1929
</taxonomicName>
, but it differs from
<taxonomicName id="1AD2ED738EA29607D52CFBDD187C9229" baseAuthorityName="Chapin" baseAuthorityYear="1940" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Serangium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clauseni">
<emphasis id="12753DB1C8FB1221B0CDD0D4A90783CF" italics="true">S. clauseni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in its more arched penis, squarer bases of parameres, and abdominal ventrite 1 with more densely incised punctures (
<bibRefCitation id="CC4170C0A34C007EB2A3C9771304AC16" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.134.1715" author="Wang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wang" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="33-63" refId="B21" refString="Wang X, Ren S, Chen X (2011) A review of the genus Serangium Blackburn (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) from China. ZooKeys 134: 33–63. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.134.1715" title="A review of the genus Serangium Blackburn (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) from China." volume="134" year="2011">Wang et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
). It is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="A2AE256A28EE3CDDAD46F9E2892598E8" authorityName="Sicard" authorityYear="1929" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Serangium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parcesetosum">
<emphasis id="5330DB51F39633992352048B3C573A6D" italics="true">S. parcesetosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its more sharply angular antennomere 2 and curvature of its penis (
<bibRefCitation id="137098564BB9509C80D77DA88844055F" author="Booth and Polaszek" firstAuthor="Booth" journalOrPublisher="British Crop Protection Council, Farnham" pagination="69-74" refId="B3" refString="Booth RG, Polaszek A (1996) The identities of ladybird beetle predators used for whitefly control, with note on some whitefly parasitoids, in Europe. In: Brighton Crop Protection Conference: Pests &amp; Diseases – 1996 (Ed.) Volume 1: Proceedings of an International Conference, Brighton, UK, 18–21 November 1996. British Crop Protection Council, Farnham, 69–74." title="The identities of ladybird beetle predators used for whitefly control, with note on some whitefly parasitoids, in Europe." volumeTitle="Volume 1: Proceedings of an International Conference, Brighton, UK, 18-21 November 1996." year="1996">Booth and Polaszek 1996</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EIIAE" type="description">
<paragraph id="A15EA66406C0B10202BA733B73E85F83">
<heading id="3EA0EDA231B535E17AEE08F4D936BF43" reason="title">Description of adult.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="51B0613B7C5B50D7205864398DDCCFC5">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOIAE" xlink_title="total length, from apical margin of clypeus to apex of elytra">TL</abbrev>
:
<quantity id="C37569D612D84A4259BF3235BB9E64DC" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.195" metricValueMax="2.35" metricValueMin="2.04" unit="mm" value="2.195" valueMax="2.35" valueMin="2.04">2.04–2.35 mm</quantity>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESIAE" xlink_title="total width, across both elytra at widest part">TW</abbrev>
:
<quantity id="0AFE189F825ED619162D3774AAF91C6D" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.92" metricValueMax="2.06" metricValueMin="1.78" unit="mm" value="1.92" valueMax="2.06" valueMin="1.78">1.78–2.06 mm</quantity>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWIAE" xlink_title="total height, through the highest point of elytra to metaventrite">TH</abbrev>
:
<quantity id="B596D8E1F078CCAEEA3AA0AF0A7E1FA4" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.31" metricValueMax="1.34" metricValueMin="1.28" unit="mm" value="1.31" valueMax="1.34" valueMin="1.28">1.28–1.34 mm</quantity>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1IAE" xlink_title="total length, from apical margin of clypeus to apex of elytra">TL</abbrev>
/
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5IAE" xlink_title="total width, across both elytra at widest part">TW</abbrev>
: 1.14–1.15;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECJAE" xlink_title="pronotal length, from the middle of the anterior margin to the base of the pronotum">
<collectionCode id="B5EEC30855B1871E4EA975C2DFBB512D" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" type="Museum">PL</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
/
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGJAE" xlink_title="pronotal width at widest part">
<collectionCode id="8DF143FBAEBF1F0254C2F23592DDCD7C" country="Thailand" name="Paleontological Collections">PW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
: 2.31–3.35;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKJAE" xlink_title="elytral length, along the suture, from the apex to the base including the scutellum">EL</abbrev>
/ EW: 1.84–1.87.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C5CE5C023A38F126B30C2772EBF9DA8B">
Body hemispherical; dorsum strongly convex (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQJAE" xlink_title="total height, through the highest point of elytra to metaventrite">TH</abbrev>
:
<quantity id="B71D62B49F6E461B705AD0088146EB3F" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.31" metricValueMax="1.34" metricValueMin="1.28" unit="mm" value="1.31" valueMax="1.34" valueMin="1.28">1.28–1.34 mm</quantity>
), glabrous (Figs
<figureCitation id="1FF73D3AD7E150DA9E10F625A28C81E3" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Serangium xinpingensis sp. nov. a – c habitus photos: a dorsal view b lateral view c front view d prothorax, ventral view e maxilla, ventral view f labium, ventral view g mandible, dorsal view h antenna, dorsal view i posterior leg, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (a – d, i); 0.1 mm (e, h); 0.05 mm (f, g)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1210.129040.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1119432">2 a – c</figureCitation>
). Head brown or reddish-brown. Pronotum brown or reddish-brown, with black margins. Scutellum light brown. Elytra brown, slightly paler than head and pronotum, with one dark-brown band-like marking present along lateral margin; surface with sparse, shallow punctures, demonstrating one row along suture and two subparallel longitudinal rows along lateral margin (Fig.
<figureCitation id="30B29F3CF40E5660DC54119F609B4816" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Serangium xinpingensis sp. nov. a – c habitus photos: a dorsal view b lateral view c front view d prothorax, ventral view e maxilla, ventral view f labium, ventral view g mandible, dorsal view h antenna, dorsal view i posterior leg, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (a – d, i); 0.1 mm (e, h); 0.05 mm (f, g)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1210.129040.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1119432">2 a, b</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9D07987CBD16E1021F1D51A32F180195">
Head transverse and ventrally flattened, 0.41 × elytral width (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5JAE" xlink_title="head width, including eyes">
<collectionCode id="B9FF485359D13F195A409BA7DCC43AF7">HW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
/ EW = 2.45). Frons with long sparse setae. Eyes large and coarsely faceted, greatest interocular distance 0.36 × of head width. Antenna with nine antennomeres, terminal antennomere large, and spatulately elongate (Fig.
<figureCitation id="BFED6385715BE724FE2958BD1F8CCCCE" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Serangium xinpingensis sp. nov. a – c habitus photos: a dorsal view b lateral view c front view d prothorax, ventral view e maxilla, ventral view f labium, ventral view g mandible, dorsal view h antenna, dorsal view i posterior leg, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (a – d, i); 0.1 mm (e, h); 0.05 mm (f, g)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1210.129040.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1119432">2 h</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="62C18FE112321F2EEE9E5A18E7D6E6FE">
Pronotum short and strongly transverse, 0.69 × of elytral width (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIKAE" xlink_title="pronotal width at widest part">
<collectionCode id="12BFA3544EA1B961A266910E97662AAB" country="Thailand" name="Paleontological Collections">PW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
/ EW = 1.96), sparsely covered with long setae. Prosternum with dense setae along anterior margin; prosternal process apically rounded.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1AA0EA5E63B06F524E1B5B95740AF2CA">
<emphasis id="1CBD6684A6DB355815A8461BAAEB3C86" bold="true">Male genitalia.</emphasis>
Penis strongly curved, arched, gradually narrowing, with blunt tip (Fig.
<figureCitation id="79681205BA42CE9FBF4082DD2F6FA928" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Genitalia of adults of Serangium xinpingensis sp. nov. a abdomen, ventral view b – d male genitalia: b penis, lateral view c tegmen, ventral view d tegmen, lateral view e – f female ovipositor: e spermatheca f coxites, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1210.129040.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1119433">3 b</figureCitation>
); penis capsule with one small inner process and concave on outer margin (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7E6103A4634C3BFB69DC12BD560825D0" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Genitalia of adults of Serangium xinpingensis sp. nov. a abdomen, ventral view b – d male genitalia: b penis, lateral view c tegmen, ventral view d tegmen, lateral view e – f female ovipositor: e spermatheca f coxites, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1210.129040.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1119433">3 b</figureCitation>
). Penis guide relatively slender and elongated, wide at base in ventral view, narrowing near distal 1 / 3 and having tongue-like shape; thin in lateral view, gradually tapering (Fig.
<figureCitation id="954DE0EF4B3312C1C96F247956EFB014" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Genitalia of adults of Serangium xinpingensis sp. nov. a abdomen, ventral view b – d male genitalia: b penis, lateral view c tegmen, ventral view d tegmen, lateral view e – f female ovipositor: e spermatheca f coxites, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1210.129040.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1119433">3 d</figureCitation>
). Parameres asymmetrical; one extending from base to approximately 1 / 3 of penis guide, tapering apically, bearing few long setae; another extending from base to approximately 2 / 3 of penis guide, wider at base and gradually narrowing apically, with blunt tip, covered with small protuberances and setae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="09CBC53C7D9389F62326F95BF31CC502" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Genitalia of adults of Serangium xinpingensis sp. nov. a abdomen, ventral view b – d male genitalia: b penis, lateral view c tegmen, ventral view d tegmen, lateral view e – f female ovipositor: e spermatheca f coxites, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1210.129040.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1119433">3 d</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="981A62519A8B1E5435E239286126A435">
<emphasis id="D2DB3AD763DE7F06232609488227DEE3" bold="true">Female genitalia.</emphasis>
Genital plate (coxites) subtriangular (Fig.
<figureCitation id="2FAEA54F956A8B516F43C8A249AD2AB1" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Genitalia of adults of Serangium xinpingensis sp. nov. a abdomen, ventral view b – d male genitalia: b penis, lateral view c tegmen, ventral view d tegmen, lateral view e – f female ovipositor: e spermatheca f coxites, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1210.129040.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1119433">3 f</figureCitation>
), rounded at apex, bearing sparse setae; styli rather long (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F5DD7E421C212027A0080F24799D38B6" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Genitalia of adults of Serangium xinpingensis sp. nov. a abdomen, ventral view b – d male genitalia: b penis, lateral view c tegmen, ventral view d tegmen, lateral view e – f female ovipositor: e spermatheca f coxites, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1210.129040.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1119433">3 f</figureCitation>
), with few setae. Spermatheca consisting of two parts, including one globular, with faint constriction and two small pinch-like projections, and another elongate tubular shaped, slightly tapering distally (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7C3DD40F612544FC366469DAA1A01EA2" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Genitalia of adults of Serangium xinpingensis sp. nov. a abdomen, ventral view b – d male genitalia: b penis, lateral view c tegmen, ventral view d tegmen, lateral view e – f female ovipositor: e spermatheca f coxites, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1210.129040.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1119433">3 e</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQLAE" type="description">
<paragraph id="92B9DF4246B53440FDF8B9E0BB7A1173">
<heading id="79DDF792FAD39B0117FD34D2CCF4E7CF" reason="title">Description of fourth instar larva.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1C3C07E27A6989667BF98FA772D05173">
Length
<quantity id="FC16A0E2597B340A43502D2F9BCA69D3" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.98" unit="mm" value="2.98">2.98 mm</quantity>
; width
<quantity id="134EDF78B08E829118E688D7AD0818E9" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.34" unit="mm" value="1.34">1.34 mm</quantity>
. Body fusiform, bright yellow overall, dorsal surface with two longitudinal rows of pigmented spots laterally, long setae concentrated on body sides and with sparse, short setae on dorsum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0C811DF12831017FA891D78E6F8BEA21">
Head subovoid. Mouthparts light brown; frontal arms U-shaped, distinct. Three bulging stemmata presented on each side at antennal insertions, arranged in triangle (Fig.
<figureCitation id="685143437A1F52E1387E2A6203466AC2" captionStart="Figures 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 5. The fourth instar larva and pupa of Serangium xinpingensis sp. nov. a fourth instar larva, dorsal view b fourth instar larva, lateral view c pupa, dorsal view d – j larval structures: d head capsule, dorsal view e antenna, dorsal view f labrum. dorsal view g mandible, dorsal view h tibiotarsus and claw. dorsal view i maxillary mala, ventral view j mouthparts, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (a – c); 0.05 mm (d – f, h – j); 0.025 mm (g)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1210.129040.figures5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1119435">5 e</figureCitation>
). Antenna with two antennomeres, antennomere 2 twice as long as antennomere 1, with one long apical sensorium (ca 26.2 μm) and inconspicuous papillae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F87F0F09A3A271FE77599884933BA4EF" captionStart="Figures 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 5. The fourth instar larva and pupa of Serangium xinpingensis sp. nov. a fourth instar larva, dorsal view b fourth instar larva, lateral view c pupa, dorsal view d – j larval structures: d head capsule, dorsal view e antenna, dorsal view f labrum. dorsal view g mandible, dorsal view h tibiotarsus and claw. dorsal view i maxillary mala, ventral view j mouthparts, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (a – c); 0.05 mm (d – f, h – j); 0.025 mm (g)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1210.129040.figures5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1119435">5 e</figureCitation>
). Mandibles heavily sclerotized, subtriangular, without basal tooth, but with one long seta at condyle (Fig.
<figureCitation id="2B992EC0B0DD9EF4D5F3D550C3A77BA8" captionStart="Figures 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 5. The fourth instar larva and pupa of Serangium xinpingensis sp. nov. a fourth instar larva, dorsal view b fourth instar larva, lateral view c pupa, dorsal view d – j larval structures: d head capsule, dorsal view e antenna, dorsal view f labrum. dorsal view g mandible, dorsal view h tibiotarsus and claw. dorsal view i maxillary mala, ventral view j mouthparts, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (a – c); 0.05 mm (d – f, h – j); 0.025 mm (g)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1210.129040.figures5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1119435">
<quantity id="A29B9A9C7A103702396548A7955F99E3" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="5.0" unit="g" value="5.0">5 g</quantity>
</figureCitation>
). Maxillae subtriangular (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9F16C5492BA9CA269BC93BFEBD0C29C4" captionStart="Figures 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 5. The fourth instar larva and pupa of Serangium xinpingensis sp. nov. a fourth instar larva, dorsal view b fourth instar larva, lateral view c pupa, dorsal view d – j larval structures: d head capsule, dorsal view e antenna, dorsal view f labrum. dorsal view g mandible, dorsal view h tibiotarsus and claw. dorsal view i maxillary mala, ventral view j mouthparts, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (a – c); 0.05 mm (d – f, h – j); 0.025 mm (g)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1210.129040.figures5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1119435">5 i</figureCitation>
). Maxillary palp 3 - segmented, palpomere 3 nearly subequal in length with palpomere 2, elongate, with sensilla at apex (Fig.
<figureCitation id="88B855B2DA753600766A5DB78AD2E4EB" captionStart="Figures 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 5. The fourth instar larva and pupa of Serangium xinpingensis sp. nov. a fourth instar larva, dorsal view b fourth instar larva, lateral view c pupa, dorsal view d – j larval structures: d head capsule, dorsal view e antenna, dorsal view f labrum. dorsal view g mandible, dorsal view h tibiotarsus and claw. dorsal view i maxillary mala, ventral view j mouthparts, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (a – c); 0.05 mm (d – f, h – j); 0.025 mm (g)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1210.129040.figures5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1119435">5 j</figureCitation>
), mala transverse and with anterior margin rounded (Fig.
<figureCitation id="14E2D2B67E65A59C24DDCEB96E706F41" captionStart="Figures 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 5. The fourth instar larva and pupa of Serangium xinpingensis sp. nov. a fourth instar larva, dorsal view b fourth instar larva, lateral view c pupa, dorsal view d – j larval structures: d head capsule, dorsal view e antenna, dorsal view f labrum. dorsal view g mandible, dorsal view h tibiotarsus and claw. dorsal view i maxillary mala, ventral view j mouthparts, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (a – c); 0.05 mm (d – f, h – j); 0.025 mm (g)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1210.129040.figures5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1119435">5 i</figureCitation>
). Labrum nearly trapezoidal, with sparse setae on anterior margin. Labium with sparse tomentum and four long setae evenly spaced around apex (Fig.
<figureCitation id="25E5A95535B59B2314EDBB77608C04AA" captionStart="Figures 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 5. The fourth instar larva and pupa of Serangium xinpingensis sp. nov. a fourth instar larva, dorsal view b fourth instar larva, lateral view c pupa, dorsal view d – j larval structures: d head capsule, dorsal view e antenna, dorsal view f labrum. dorsal view g mandible, dorsal view h tibiotarsus and claw. dorsal view i maxillary mala, ventral view j mouthparts, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (a – c); 0.05 mm (d – f, h – j); 0.025 mm (g)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1210.129040.figures5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1119435">5 f</figureCitation>
). Labial palps moderately separated, 2 - segmented, palpomere 2 distinctly longer than palpomere 1 (Fig.
<figureCitation id="256736796F0EF5B07882E8840C902904" captionStart="Figures 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 5. The fourth instar larva and pupa of Serangium xinpingensis sp. nov. a fourth instar larva, dorsal view b fourth instar larva, lateral view c pupa, dorsal view d – j larval structures: d head capsule, dorsal view e antenna, dorsal view f labrum. dorsal view g mandible, dorsal view h tibiotarsus and claw. dorsal view i maxillary mala, ventral view j mouthparts, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (a – c); 0.05 mm (d – f, h – j); 0.025 mm (g)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1210.129040.figures5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1119435">5 j</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="62360DAD4D70FE157A1AEB1AE3DAEC7B">
Thorax with parallel anterior and posterior margins of each segment, strongly convex on lateral margins; laterally with pigmented spots, bearing long setae. Prothorax narrower than meso- and metathorax, meso- and metathorax almost equal in length and width. Tibiotarsus light brown, elongate, and translucent, with sparse setae; tarsal claws sickle-shaped; basal teeth subtriangular, with one long seta at base (Fig.
<figureCitation id="292AB2E9054DAC36E777B9B4195C7B2B" captionStart="Figures 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 5. The fourth instar larva and pupa of Serangium xinpingensis sp. nov. a fourth instar larva, dorsal view b fourth instar larva, lateral view c pupa, dorsal view d – j larval structures: d head capsule, dorsal view e antenna, dorsal view f labrum. dorsal view g mandible, dorsal view h tibiotarsus and claw. dorsal view i maxillary mala, ventral view j mouthparts, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (a – c); 0.05 mm (d – f, h – j); 0.025 mm (g)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1210.129040.figures5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1119435">5 h</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B263C2A8D5442604025065470402C847">
Abdomen 9 - segmented, each segment with lateral margin strongly convex, pigmented spots, bearing setae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E0A2E80E190CE4CC9FA802E2C3066C9B" captionStart="Figures 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 5. The fourth instar larva and pupa of Serangium xinpingensis sp. nov. a fourth instar larva, dorsal view b fourth instar larva, lateral view c pupa, dorsal view d – j larval structures: d head capsule, dorsal view e antenna, dorsal view f labrum. dorsal view g mandible, dorsal view h tibiotarsus and claw. dorsal view i maxillary mala, ventral view j mouthparts, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (a – c); 0.05 mm (d – f, h – j); 0.025 mm (g)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1210.129040.figures5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1119435">5 a, b</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CA82CDE3E92E0B6718003C4E6FF665DC">
Description of pupa. Length
<quantity id="09B1434328AF98D71A90627258241138" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.73" unit="mm" value="2.73">2.73 mm</quantity>
; width
<quantity id="C6D839CF40703EF86BCAD3FB84A83055" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.11" unit="mm" value="2.11">2.11 mm</quantity>
. Body oval, light yellow, bearing flexible setae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EENAE" type="type material">
<paragraph id="A029E95C3129E437845BCE181B60B109">
<heading id="46B4B6A9322F619BDB518734B8D4CE11" reason="title">Type materials.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C829185CF6D6EB1D3A1A8AB3CE5DFC55">
<materialsCitation id="FBD463C4BBE93EBF143074764F3E3BE6" collectingDate="2023-05-22" collectionCode="CY, SCAU" country="China" elevation="475" latitude="23.8507" location="Yuxi" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="101.7782" municipality="Musha Township" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="6BF8EEE8658E9AAF8DA9DDC6BB1A4615" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="8660D1A0C74C9B02A453AB9776DEB469" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount id="7CB2F50E5B9BC5B9179346A32DC374D0" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="0C2C3F0F8A98BE065E9312EA9695136D" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="79E26AE45DC3F77117BD5983146E105B" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="FF343E9956453BDF46A935A378E56E20">Musha Township</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="7F6AE6497031B08B238FBAEEB3FBE99C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FBB17FD1A1AE52BFA203167D58950EDC:7F6AE6497031B08B238FBAEEB3FBE99C" country="China" latitude="23.8507" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="101.7782" municipality="Musha Township" name="Yuxi" stateProvince="Yunnan">Yuxi</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ESNAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[101.778200,23.850700]}">
<geoCoordinate id="F1A87654871D001BEA25E53D1B33B308" degrees="23.8507" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="23.8507">23.8507 ° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="30D88C566F1221D313A49D1D773BEC98" degrees="101.7782" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="101.7782">101.7782 ° E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="9D868307C2859177CF8C2A4C3AD500B4" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" unit="m" value="475.0">
<elevation id="30CD747A4037881DBF87964901BFBFFE" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" unit="m" value="475.0">475 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev.,
<date id="76C1B89F586849AA6216421322DB4E64" value="2023-05-22">
<collectingDate id="FE3E92787069237FAD7C541A587C177E" value="2023-05-22">22. v. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
, Huang
<collectionCode id="A26EEED0DB00123C594E587411EE2139" country="France" name="Centre des Yersinia">CY</collectionCode>
leg (
<named-content id="4136414B9589C7426F6A2F4112F4D2B1" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/south-china-agricultural-university" xlink_title="Department of Entomology of South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China">
<collectionCode id="D3BC3BD758534F1AAFD15B09EC27651E">SCAU</collectionCode>
</named-content>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<emphasis id="86F4189BD03D6D0D659B7BCD09557308" bold="true">
<emphasis id="E973AC696022043E0E14FFAF986D0B6B" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="AFBE45A1ECEF31DD43FB808AED4ACD9A" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(15)
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount id="CE3D58CDA2EDF0F2458C177D8B944BD3" count="9" type="male">9 ♂♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="D3EEC10EB409F5324C726670005BFA3A" count="6" type="female">6 ♀♀</specimenCount>
, same data as
<typeStatus id="14EFD9ADBDF1B6F2687F058C9692D3A4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<named-content id="382B403299D3B5C2CD738F67BADF89D0" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/south-china-agricultural-university" xlink_title="Department of Entomology of South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China">
<collectionCode id="D73F0BA24554795AF3D14B5FCDC8FC76">SCAU</collectionCode>
</named-content>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFOAE" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F113F7900977C8EC73A2862E01068F99">
<heading id="851731A299C03C685D100A4FC77834F1" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0EDBA8783CCD0276E91C5424500D76A4">
<collectingCountry id="A978B78F9E061E78B00611A029F80844" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="202D5EE81CC7CE501A3A19AE955C75F4" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EKOAE" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="BA30ECF257525EBD2E464FF399AB0262">
<heading id="271869212DF902C12FD5ECC2C33ADBCA" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F8904327D8E8BA4B94292FE903AF608D">
The species epithet “
<emphasis id="A944AB2125627EC67A465E1D6A812718" italics="true">xinpingensis</emphasis>
” refers to the Xinping County where the
<typeStatus id="13A5E7B6E7194DE2C54E40837C083063">type</typeStatus>
series was collected.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E1OAE" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="3C4193FA0D58E807EA167EE42B498464">
<heading id="0CB313AF270DDC4927BC234137EF47C0" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3A9D9B9666A56C442AFF1F4C81DC0AFC">
This is the first time that individual variation in appearance was found in
<taxonomicName id="22F1648BD17D34216749994B1CFF6855" authorityName="Blackburn" authorityYear="1889" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Serangium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0235D55FA2701074C1AC14055E4A0370" italics="true">Serangium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Based on our examination of
<specimenCount id="D88FAA0B3AA274BD53868FB7DDB4A8EA" count="16" type="generic">16 specimens</specimenCount>
, the male genitalia are highly uniform. The species displays distinct intraspecific variations in the coloration of adults. The head and pronotum coloration frequently subuniform, while the elytra along suture and outer margins may vary from brown to blackish-brown among individuals (Fig.
<figureCitation id="84210B0D90B3E92825A3C7270DC5385C" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Habitus of adults of Serangium xinpingensis sp. nov., lateral view, showing intraspecific variations of the band-like marking along the outer margin of elytron. Scale bar: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1210.129040.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1119434">4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="7931A81221DB11627D5891A0D73EF64F" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1210.129040.figure4" ID-arpha="2D6B73A2-A167-5F5D-B350-FBF0C1694949" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1119434" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="024341BF427E19297FCC243C55A31E42">
<label id="AE6B4482F4FCA06C3AEE584D0CC64C27">Figure 4.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C7F6A8EB32A200D2A8D5CAEB7D4B7829">
Habitus of adults of
<taxonomicName id="BB5A91ED8823C2A0D968F151AEC5906C" authorityName="Huang &amp; Zeng &amp; Fan &amp; Lin &amp; Dong &amp; Su &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Serangium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xinpingensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0D612DA6CDCCF346A94FC2CFC864D1D9" italics="true">Serangium xinpingensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="81D7B8AA0023800EC4B89BD809C1CB4E" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, lateral view, showing intraspecific variations of the band-like marking along the outer margin of elytron. Scale bar: 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="257F6160274648B2736EBA38CA6B651F" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1210.129040.figures5" ID-arpha="B5B8C79C-80E6-57AD-9E02-09A7832E5379" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1119435" startId="F5">
<paragraph id="45CAC552D831A9960571651FD91D029C">
<label id="98EEE2E967C7247B0995D8C81E05958A">Figures 5.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F00DA9A397BC2B1D2DD91C55A14CFF2">
The fourth instar larva and pupa of
<taxonomicName id="C1B10EB8105F86B1037913F7468326C8" authorityName="Huang &amp; Zeng &amp; Fan &amp; Lin &amp; Dong &amp; Su &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Serangium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xinpingensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="87177B5D66F929A7C26D87599307AA3D" italics="true">Serangium xinpingensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D28081E832284A967810AAD5DA0D40EF" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="F42276325C9D5C4776D0002FE5A1445C" bold="true">a</emphasis>
fourth instar larva, dorsal view
<emphasis id="DC6982EE17207C295F98D01039FDF467" bold="true">b</emphasis>
fourth instar larva, lateral view
<emphasis id="74583DE935FE79F5EE4232EFCE0F33D9" bold="true">c</emphasis>
pupa, dorsal view
<emphasis id="5E12309A3F39B7A65BF465B47CEF5FC3" bold="true">d</emphasis>
–
<emphasis id="91C916873E77CBF40481BBE839910B61" bold="true">j</emphasis>
larval structures:
<emphasis id="2FAFAFC1DD0D7F3DFCE826577BAF2E52" bold="true">d</emphasis>
head capsule, dorsal view
<emphasis id="006C915A491EF483F1E5D67A7A936251" bold="true">e</emphasis>
antenna, dorsal view
<emphasis id="957B9B18F18425947EEDB4CA8BBB1C6F" bold="true">f</emphasis>
labrum. dorsal view
<emphasis id="F648A6F6E7F7CFD3287DA1BFA6666B72" bold="true">g</emphasis>
mandible, dorsal view
<emphasis id="B2079AD1519E268C9CCA2BC47AFCB9DB" bold="true">h</emphasis>
tibiotarsus and claw. dorsal view
<emphasis id="537AC8A9F55474564698947B44486ABF" bold="true">i</emphasis>
maxillary mala, ventral view
<emphasis id="AE1BF82594A91429FFB7CB1308ED788A" bold="true">j</emphasis>
mouthparts, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (
<emphasis id="87A375BB7AC90EE04567B70062380AF9" bold="true">a – c</emphasis>
); 0.05 mm (
<emphasis id="DACA8CCDBB8CE49AF00835CE3D2BAAF7" bold="true">d – f, h – j</emphasis>
); 0.025 mm (
<emphasis id="33642E73C753DF7F77400F89B65A3118" bold="true">g</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3F39AC1F205B6B8546BAF31AB721E7A8">
Larvae of the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="9912E9FDC939C3ABBF5CE1630D966625" authorityName="Leng" authorityYear="1920" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Microweiseinae">Microweiseinae</taxonomicName>
have been given little attention, and only two species have been recorded so far, namely
<taxonomicName id="C2DACC4252907D25AAC2A9E42603F000" authority="(Kamiya, 1960)" baseAuthorityName="Kamiya" baseAuthorityYear="1960" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Scymnomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="05CD3DD198AD6A8854E8B80367FD1EBD" italics="true">Scymnomorphus japonicus</emphasis>
(Kamiya, 1960)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E9D7DF27C7470278EE63DCEAE9DF0918" authority="Chapin, 1940" authorityName="Chapin" authorityYear="1940" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Serangium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="3C325CD7FB6AAE0C628D0FF1F197D0FD" italics="true">Serangium japonicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7ADAE2695B287F728AD9F3A6B4ED0B5D" author="Chapin E" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences" pagination="263-272" refId="B4" refString="Chapin E (1940) New genera and species of lady-beetles related to Serangium Blackburn (Coleoptera: Coocinellidae). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 30: 263 - 272." title="New genera and species of lady-beetles related to Serangium Blackburn (Coleoptera: Coocinellidae)." volume="30" year="1940">Chapin, 1940</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, belonging to the tribes
<taxonomicName id="B48BE9E7B32C784412637BBCF0162434" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Microweiseini">Microweiseini</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A77B378736579512C814A54ACB583626" baseAuthorityName="Kamiya" baseAuthorityYear="1965" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Serangiini">Serangiini</taxonomicName>
, respectively. The larva of
<taxonomicName id="7DEA15850E842F9A78695E22A770EDF8" baseAuthorityName="Kamiya" baseAuthorityYear="1960" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Scymnomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="AED5EB773511D8114AB4A0DA8C97A27E" italics="true">Scymnomorphus japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described by
<bibRefCitation id="D78930C0215C5DEB2B2991FB7B51D9D6" author="Kamiya H" firstAuthor="Kamiya" refId="B7" refString="Kamiya H (1965) Comparative morphology of larvae of the Japanese Coccinellidae, with special reference to the tribal phylongeny of family (Coleoptera). The Memoirs of the Faculty of Liberal Arts. Fukui University." year="1965">Kamiya (1965)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="03AC4767B71B48C97CF99C1FA8F70F2D" author="Sasaji H" firstAuthor="Sasaji" journalOrPublisher="Nature and Science" pagination="93-135" refId="B13" refString="Sasaji H (1968) Descriptions of the coccinellid larvae of Japan and the Ryukyus (Coleoptera). The memoirs of the Faculty of Education, Fukui University Series II. Nature and Science 18: 93–135." title="Descriptions of the coccinellid larvae of Japan and the Ryukyus (Coleoptera). The memoirs of the Faculty of Education, Fukui University Series II." volume="18" year="1968">Sasaji (1968)</bibRefCitation>
, although it was originally described under the name
<taxonomicName id="58F8A811CC062352C036073A55B0A7DA" authority="Kamiya, 1960" authorityName="Kamiya" authorityYear="1960" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Sukunahikona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="AADE1275564209BC923D061271596E8E" italics="true">Sukunahikona japonicus</emphasis>
Kamiya, 1960
</taxonomicName>
. The known larvae of the two tribes
<taxonomicName id="A4B0CB8DA5C7F0A6BF56BB3D19E4C512" baseAuthorityName="Kamiya" baseAuthorityYear="1965" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Serangiini">Serangiini</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="17D37A9C8F93D65F5593528E021E4ADC" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Microweiseini">Microweiseini</taxonomicName>
are very similar, but they differ greatly in the antennomere 2, which is much shorter in the tribe
<taxonomicName id="E3B188A9AD0CDF2EBB3B96C31C25C128" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Microweiseini">Microweiseini</taxonomicName>
than
<taxonomicName id="F4DFC41015A43ABEB00D7216E23C3298" authority="(Kamiya 1965)" baseAuthorityName="Kamiya" baseAuthorityYear="1965" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Serangiini">
Serangiini (
<bibRefCitation id="055B324040A907C0946C8327A7CBDAC8" author="Kamiya" firstAuthor="Kamiya" refId="B7" refString="Kamiya H (1965) Comparative morphology of larvae of the Japanese Coccinellidae, with special reference to the tribal phylongeny of family (Coleoptera). The Memoirs of the Faculty of Liberal Arts. Fukui University." year="1965">Kamiya 1965</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Within the tribe
<taxonomicName id="203395533CA4808869DFC6F1DEA224FB" baseAuthorityName="Kamiya" baseAuthorityYear="1965" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Serangiini">Serangiini</taxonomicName>
, the larva of the new species can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="EE1F8D4833CE67B3DD8EF5BA103D38FD" authorityName="Kamiya" authorityYear="1960" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Sukunahikona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="F062E731D938FC368A4DEDF48651C648" italics="true">S. japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its distinct U-shaped frontal arms. In
<taxonomicName id="378A93DBE35DB2518B561F44CBC98320" authorityName="Kamiya" authorityYear="1960" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Sukunahikona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="88F15E3A57AFF326C5DCB6896C98556B" italics="true">S. japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the frontal arms are invisible (Jiaming Zhuang pers. obs.)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>