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<document id="49F713654D9235C30CCB791CBC66EF05" ID-DOI="10.3897/fr.28.e150343" ID-ZooBank="86B58498-71D6-4B52-9106-2EFB0C73DB24" ID-publisher-id="150343" URI-arpha="E5BF90A5-4648-5CB8-A76E-596AC22E9683" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/86B58498-71D6-4B52-9106-2EFB0C73DB24" XM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" XM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" XM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="admin" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1744211873137" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bicknell, Russell D. C., Goodman, Aaron, Laibl, Lukáš &amp; Amati, Lisa" docDate="2025" docId="8F791075AD7A59AE8A9F5FC539031306" docLanguage="en" docName="Fossil Record 28(1): 115-124" docOrigin="Fossil Record 28 (1)" docSource="https://fr.pensoft.net/article/150343/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Naraoia bertiensis Caron 2004" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="124" masterDocId="E5BF90A546485CB8A76E596AC22E9683" masterDocTitle="Novel evidence for the youngest Naraoia and a reassessment of naraoiid paleobiogeography" masterLastPageNumber="124" masterPageNumber="115" pageNumber="115" updateTime="1744230141972" updateUser="admin">
<mods:mods id="76024308DE155EA9949AC0F7944CF2BB" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="A9C3AC8BB8F0B108C8A37434B72D5050">
<mods:title id="BBB39CA8F22E2A50100996F51FD0029F">Novel evidence for the youngest Naraoia and a reassessment of naraoiid paleobiogeography</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="0F6E5432D3FC5109E0D974E4EFD2BA2A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8D5E88F3926658E4AAC50A588DFE04CF">
<mods:roleTerm id="6649B032806897B966AC4EA02DE9744E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="DDDD98F0080BFCE85DA1F4AF3328E946">Bicknell, Russell D. C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E092CC3A727446AC976FEB8F219C9642" type="ORCID">0000-0001-8541-9035</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="9A80E2128003C354A5D6E458B3AB44FB">Division of Paleontology (Invertebrates), American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA &amp; Palaeoscience Research Centre, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, Australia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="9DFD79CCEC0186772EF3679B3E61E5FD" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6A23CCF23A741C89AE99906CC2DA7935">
<mods:roleTerm id="4A95E3F69A10F17A63855789EB60EC32">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9B1A4C533764D12E42BB7541BA25A10B">Goodman, Aaron</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="72F1CFDD19BB230E18774519DE90EF3E">Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York City, NY, USA &amp; City University of New York, Graduate Center, New York City, NY, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="A2DDB2509690E12020F3031161869CCA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E2738830CCC88DF64768ECAC2EFDB1AF">Laibl, Lukáš</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4C6287FA43127D42D2B42A530A0A8B39">Institute of Geology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 269, 165 00 Praha 6 - Lysolaje, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="67D9889EECE014B9044688059D1B473C">Amati, Lisa</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="AD1B4D2E02A09AE9B62882E35A4DE7D3">Paleontology, New York State Museum, 222 Madison Avenue, Albany, NY 12230, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="7B835937A6D82B9FC0C80F4F9FD1DD2F">Fossil Record</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="DC7B06CD33230C4819E72F5C38EEE08B">
<mods:date id="F0D3FF255092385BB847709A9FAA09BB">2025</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1880DC6365F319EC52A2363A04124CBC">2025-04-09</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="F014F89F0F5E20A0FD42C1FDD2B1F111" type="volume">
<mods:number id="8E9A824954E3290048A157F543DB4E43">28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="9391DA6333E925F6046B10C24746B090">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="76595E29A6980ABC5907950DA98FC8AA">115</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="07E4DA120133D4A20A85A41A4E4DD08E" type="DOI">10.3897/fr.28.e150343</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="77D6E1AD10FCB9145C33662676C6EA8F" type="ZooBank">86B58498-71D6-4B52-9106-2EFB0C73DB24</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="8F791075AD7A59AE8A9F5FC539031306" ID-arpha="8F791075-AD7A-59AE-8A9F-5FC539031306" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F791075AD7A59AE8A9F5FC539031306" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8F791075AD7A59AE8A9F5FC539031306" scope_family="Naraoiidae">
<subSubSection id="8974FA3DCDE46F7F8145AB460855F9D9" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="79E7CD29C35E1A0A08CAEE62CD053733">
<taxonomicName id="191371DD4AA68124E104BFC055199F62" authority="Caron et al., 2004" authorityName="Caron" authorityYear="2004" class="Trilobita" family="Naraoiidae" genus="Naraoia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nektaspidida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bertiensis">
<emphasis id="A37504743F7F3A886FE7519CF273269C" italics="true">Naraoia c.f. bertiensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2C0F519DB8BDA55634376FC4A48EC5DA" DOI="10.1666/0022-3360(2004)078%3C1138:ANLSPN%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Caron J-B &amp; Rudkin DM &amp; Milliken S" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Paleontology" pagination="1138-1145" refId="B13" refString="Caron J-B, Rudkin DM, Milliken S (2004) A new late Silurian (Pridolian) naraoiid (Euarthropoda: Nektaspida) from the Bertie Formation of southern Ontario, Canada - delayed fallout from the Cambrian explosion. Journal of Paleontology 78: 1138-1145. https://doi.org/10.1666/0022-3360(2004)078%3C1138:ANLSPN%3E2.0.CO;2" title="A new late Silurian (Pridolian) naraoiid (Euarthropoda: Nektaspida) from the Bertie Formation of southern Ontario, Canada - delayed fallout from the Cambrian explosion." volume="78" year="2004">Caron et al., 2004</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="35AA9C56C89AEA3ABF0668096B6E9605" type="description">
<paragraph id="4A095C7EDD4E65D0F7F56015215B8A11">
<figureCitation id="01B5BA3B29A89127102F80E3B01EFCF0" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Examples of Silurian Naraoia. (A – C) Naraoia c. f. bertiensis from the Fiddlers Green Formation, New York State. NYSM 19522. A. Specimen under LED lighting; B. Line drawing of NYSM 19522; C. Specimen overlain with line drawing; D. Naraoia bertiensis from the Williamsville Member, Ridgemount, Ontario, Canada. ROM 56013. Abbreviations: ats? possible axial trunk spine, ga: genal angle; hy? possible hypostome. A, C. Specimen photographed under ethanol. Image credit: D. Jean-Bernard Caron. Scale bars: 2 mm (A – C); 5 mm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.28.e150343.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1304179">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EUEAE" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="9B841679126B6E2CB33D04467B77C762">
<heading id="38FA6F4663BF633BB61739DEA7CC745F" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="56B3DA7DEF7CFA40C89D2C2FFB7AE26E">
Unchanged from
<bibRefCitation id="9B69A1B3D702076E8A0EF7AC13D5E5A8" DOI="10.1666/0022-3360(2004)078%3C1138:ANLSPN%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Caron J-B &amp; Rudkin DM &amp; Milliken S" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Caron" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Paleontology" pagination="1138-1145" refId="B13" refString="Caron J-B, Rudkin DM, Milliken S (2004) A new late Silurian (Pridolian) naraoiid (Euarthropoda: Nektaspida) from the Bertie Formation of southern Ontario, Canada — delayed fallout from the Cambrian explosion. Journal of Paleontology 78: 1138–1145. https://doi.org/10.1666/0022-3360 (2004) 078 % 3 C 1138: ANLSPN % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" title="A new late Silurian (Pridolian) naraoiid (Euarthropoda: Nektaspida) from the Bertie Formation of southern Ontario, Canada - delayed fallout from the Cambrian explosion." volume="78" year="2004">Caron et al. (2004)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E5EAE" type="Occurrence">
<paragraph id="D1B9219F93A46026907B3DFF99EF7B0D">
<heading id="B05DF8C5A6424621616912B70DE238FC" reason="title">Occurrence.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="913F372B504DA49DA217DE6B57636D43">
Williamsville Member, Bertie Formation (Upper Silurian, Pridoli), Ridgemount,
<collectingRegion id="917885FACB47EB12F45AC11E33CC941C" country="Canada" name="Ontario">Ontario</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="66B8AEB88967DCBE5E0C8D55D33C9D11" name="Canada">Canada</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="19A18DD1B757472ED7E76287DB31C63B" DOI="10.1666/0022-3360(2004)078%3C1138:ANLSPN%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Caron" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Caron" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Paleontology" pagination="1138-1145" refId="B13" refString="Caron J-B, Rudkin DM, Milliken S (2004) A new late Silurian (Pridolian) naraoiid (Euarthropoda: Nektaspida) from the Bertie Formation of southern Ontario, Canada — delayed fallout from the Cambrian explosion. Journal of Paleontology 78: 1138–1145. https://doi.org/10.1666/0022-3360 (2004) 078 % 3 C 1138: ANLSPN % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" title="A new late Silurian (Pridolian) naraoiid (Euarthropoda: Nektaspida) from the Bertie Formation of southern Ontario, Canada - delayed fallout from the Cambrian explosion." volume="78" year="2004">Caron et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
; type locality; Fig.
<figureCitation id="32AF705D3E0FA8118CDFF5C5456166DD" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Examples of Silurian Naraoia. (A – C) Naraoia c. f. bertiensis from the Fiddlers Green Formation, New York State. NYSM 19522. A. Specimen under LED lighting; B. Line drawing of NYSM 19522; C. Specimen overlain with line drawing; D. Naraoia bertiensis from the Williamsville Member, Ridgemount, Ontario, Canada. ROM 56013. Abbreviations: ats? possible axial trunk spine, ga: genal angle; hy? possible hypostome. A, C. Specimen photographed under ethanol. Image credit: D. Jean-Bernard Caron. Scale bars: 2 mm (A – C); 5 mm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.28.e150343.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1304179">2 D</figureCitation>
); Phelps Member, Fiddlers Green Formation, Bertie Group (Upper Silurian, Pridoli), Passage Gulf, Herkimer County,
<collectingRegion id="814305239C3533DA39377E3558EBF81F" country="United States of America" name="New York">New York State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="C306CA861BF1AAB185C68D5F8B109FE1" name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="7DEA8F22081FFE4A2A6CCC6C72BCFF54" ID-DOI="10.3897/fr.28.e150343.figure2" ID-arpha="7628D012-9C34-59F0-BE26-377BAE8F8EC6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1304179" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="9CCD386DC253275FE22FDC2E383A86D2">
<label id="0C61C0F21752944B93EF7074D088485A">Figure 2.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="64582D1D1638D0B79AC8A4C67F4DC0B0">
Examples of Silurian
<taxonomicName id="9E867BDE27DB082DD5DC206928366963" authorityName="Walcott" authorityYear="1912" class="Trilobita" family="Naraoiidae" genus="Naraoia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A9D07A4B174BEEFF253ECB82E2E32197" italics="true">Naraoia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. (
<emphasis id="8B00BCF9D31FD8F17FC65AF6224A7434" bold="true">A – C</emphasis>
)
<taxonomicName id="6317D89C5E4D0722EDB0CA6271AB9DC1" class="Trilobita" family="Naraoiidae" genus="Naraoia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bertiensis">
<emphasis id="BAE45D8DC4C71F580791CFD5346CE1DA" italics="true">Naraoia c.f. bertiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Fiddlers Green Formation, New York State.
<specimenCode id="C1B763F5433DC34947243632587F7CEA">
<named-content id="CC5F2C2AD82EA8F3CDF66B84A75F1346" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/new-york-state-museum" xlink_title="New York State Museum, Albany, New York Paleontology Collection">NYSM</named-content>
19522
</specimenCode>
.
<emphasis id="22EF873D8F33AC952043735FCBB34574" bold="true">A.</emphasis>
Specimen under LED lighting;
<emphasis id="3A089C272B6329EB2E6B0EDB1D3B1E83" bold="true">B.</emphasis>
Line drawing of
<specimenCode id="4832F564237148666B7AE514AC304B70">
<named-content id="F28EF24EC50121AFB0FBB9EAE8E83C7E" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/new-york-state-museum" xlink_title="New York State Museum, Albany, New York Paleontology Collection">NYSM</named-content>
19522
</specimenCode>
;
<emphasis id="510A8D732B70F00CF9F16018DA9B7FC0" bold="true">C.</emphasis>
Specimen overlain with line drawing;
<emphasis id="46966A12741F8BEECC68E46A5B063F90" bold="true">D.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="435973E18E47B2C1B293CB7D44CB7FB7" class="Trilobita" family="Naraoiidae" genus="Naraoia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bertiensis">
<emphasis id="3DA78A19998694701EEF020FBA715E25" italics="true">Naraoia bertiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Williamsville Member, Ridgemount, Ontario, Canada.
<specimenCode id="09C9A14B78B084EC511C4EEBAF92F7AE">ROM 56013</specimenCode>
. Abbreviations: ats? possible axial trunk spine, ga: genal angle; hy? possible hypostome.
<emphasis id="93FC4E322B926A64842DDFFF40B7AF24" bold="true">A, C.</emphasis>
Specimen photographed under ethanol. Image credit:
<emphasis id="28F60BDF71B47DAF12F76A7697690E65" bold="true">D.</emphasis>
Jean-Bernard Caron. Scale bars: 2 mm (
<emphasis id="7BCBA8D2ED7F71308B1636C44A9AC5FF" bold="true">A – C</emphasis>
); 5 mm (
<emphasis id="642BEFA2C918158FF48BD4DD5DEE1899" bold="true">D</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVHAE" type="description">
<paragraph id="D5690C2E95E7824A1BE2BEA602F42148">
<heading id="4CF1E0208EF6CA46A64C6419629DC073" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2B0DB6D19D70C16E91C180DD80EC9FF1">
Specimen is preserved as a partly articulated cephalic shield and trunk in dorsal view showing no relief. Neither section shows morphological features. Cephalon-trunk articulation is linear,
<quantity id="C450ECD2507E67F31956107183202FF2" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" unit="mm" value="11.9">11.9 mm</quantity>
long, showing limited overlap of cephalon above trunk. Cephalic shield is suboval with minute genal angles,
<quantity id="8B8497CD6263127A4B7498CB35368D52" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.46" unit="mm" value="14.6">14.6 mm</quantity>
wide, and
<quantity id="D48E203FAA67BFA781CAE1603C50B0B5" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.14" unit="mm" value="11.4">11.4 mm</quantity>
long. No marginal cephalic rim or doublure are noted. Posterior margin of a possible hypostome noted. Trunk shield is suboval, slightly pointed posteriorly,
<quantity id="0653FD961D9399D72C11F5E1DB5AFA87" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.23" unit="mm" value="12.3">12.3 mm</quantity>
wide, and
<quantity id="C2CA98DB2E7E4A3F3513C4E869CD2B07" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.49" unit="mm" value="9.49">9.49 mm</quantity>
long. Minute, radial ~
<quantity id="FF5A01A840D65CB67EEFE07F7BCBD9CD" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
long linear structures are observed on right side of trunk under low-angle light. Possible terminal axial trunk spine noted. No marginal trunk rim noted. No appendages or soft internal anatomy are preserved in either section.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E1HAE" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="4EDC32B6F0F885AE43DF70BABF666F7A">
<heading id="41FF96A52BE21C001D3F8DD2A05F1DF8" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="09701AA1D6AE9D6BC363B2425067EACF">
Our comparisons are limited to the
<typeStatus id="BB19B790ECCD6B62D96B015C9B8E316D" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
specimen of
<taxonomicName id="7837E8F8DF784AE63145641FE399BC18" class="Trilobita" family="Naraoiidae" genus="Naraoia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bertiensis">
<emphasis id="304553F31EB81D4B5FB16876B3FA854C" italics="true">Naraoia bertiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D0A43A81CC139E2D78C12A193C8682A4" DOI="10.1666/0022-3360(2004)078%3C1138:ANLSPN%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Caron" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Caron" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Paleontology" pagination="1138-1145" refId="B13" refString="Caron J-B, Rudkin DM, Milliken S (2004) A new late Silurian (Pridolian) naraoiid (Euarthropoda: Nektaspida) from the Bertie Formation of southern Ontario, Canada — delayed fallout from the Cambrian explosion. Journal of Paleontology 78: 1138–1145. https://doi.org/10.1666/0022-3360 (2004) 078 % 3 C 1138: ANLSPN % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" title="A new late Silurian (Pridolian) naraoiid (Euarthropoda: Nektaspida) from the Bertie Formation of southern Ontario, Canada - delayed fallout from the Cambrian explosion." volume="78" year="2004">Caron et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
; fig. 3;
<bibRefCitation id="60DCEAD4A6573859092C13EED2582AD1" DOI="10.1111/pala.12383" author="Mayers" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Mayers" journalOrPublisher="Palaeontology" pagination="19-50" refId="B41" refString="Mayers B, Aria C, Caron JB (2019) Three new naraoiid species from the Burgess Shale, with a morphometric and phylogenetic reinvestigation of Naraoiidae. Palaeontology 62: 19–50. https://doi.org/10.1111/pala.12383" title="Three new naraoiid species from the Burgess Shale, with a morphometric and phylogenetic reinvestigation of Naraoiidae." volume="62" year="2019">Mayers et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
; fig. 1 D; Fig.
<figureCitation id="4C245C0EE283E8621638C09CC82D034C" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Examples of Silurian Naraoia. (A – C) Naraoia c. f. bertiensis from the Fiddlers Green Formation, New York State. NYSM 19522. A. Specimen under LED lighting; B. Line drawing of NYSM 19522; C. Specimen overlain with line drawing; D. Naraoia bertiensis from the Williamsville Member, Ridgemount, Ontario, Canada. ROM 56013. Abbreviations: ats? possible axial trunk spine, ga: genal angle; hy? possible hypostome. A, C. Specimen photographed under ethanol. Image credit: D. Jean-Bernard Caron. Scale bars: 2 mm (A – C); 5 mm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.28.e150343.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1304179">2 D</figureCitation>
). The Royal
<collectingRegion id="D6ECC0993FD0BF7D995A788715EF6499" country="Canada" name="Ontario">Ontario</collectingRegion>
Museum specimen (
<specimenCode id="9E630BCB94B49DF16A0F5643FC1AB96B">
<collectionCode id="691C8FF4F25A52D89694700C884295AA" country="Canada" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34778" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34778" name="Royal Ontario Museum" type="Museum">ROM</collectionCode>
56013
</specimenCode>
; Fig.
<figureCitation id="55A34C6C376C8E5D1F65B0224BC2EFB6" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Examples of Silurian Naraoia. (A – C) Naraoia c. f. bertiensis from the Fiddlers Green Formation, New York State. NYSM 19522. A. Specimen under LED lighting; B. Line drawing of NYSM 19522; C. Specimen overlain with line drawing; D. Naraoia bertiensis from the Williamsville Member, Ridgemount, Ontario, Canada. ROM 56013. Abbreviations: ats? possible axial trunk spine, ga: genal angle; hy? possible hypostome. A, C. Specimen photographed under ethanol. Image credit: D. Jean-Bernard Caron. Scale bars: 2 mm (A – C); 5 mm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.28.e150343.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1304179">2 D</figureCitation>
) from the Williamsville Member lacks external features with a smooth carapace (
<bibRefCitation id="74BED473B80CF73EA0512599180B2C49" DOI="10.1666/0022-3360(2004)078%3C1138:ANLSPN%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Caron" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Caron" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Paleontology" pagination="1138-1145" refId="B13" refString="Caron J-B, Rudkin DM, Milliken S (2004) A new late Silurian (Pridolian) naraoiid (Euarthropoda: Nektaspida) from the Bertie Formation of southern Ontario, Canada — delayed fallout from the Cambrian explosion. Journal of Paleontology 78: 1138–1145. https://doi.org/10.1666/0022-3360 (2004) 078 % 3 C 1138: ANLSPN % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" title="A new late Silurian (Pridolian) naraoiid (Euarthropoda: Nektaspida) from the Bertie Formation of southern Ontario, Canada - delayed fallout from the Cambrian explosion." volume="78" year="2004">Caron et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
). We also demonstrate a naraoiid with an effaced cephalon. The Williamsville Member specimen shows a marginal rim and doublure. These are not documented in
<specimenCode id="539ACEDB31DD6CC447FD89ECC23EC63F">
<named-content id="3C7BEB575F82A086BB5F69E75292320B" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/new-york-state-museum" xlink_title="New York State Museum, Albany, New York Paleontology Collection">
<collectionCode id="64A13A6394C97C802AFFFAE1BC65FFC4" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35009" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35009" name="New York State Museum" type="">NYSM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
19522
</specimenCode>
. However, the lunate / crescentic furrow in the centre of the cephalic shield may represent a posterior hypostome margin. This difference likely reflects the substantial dorsoventral compression compared to the Williamsville Member specimen. Size differences between
<specimenCode id="AAF883EC32FB7D4A6A462101874EFCC9">
<collectionCode id="9AF5FC71B0EEFB3497EA637ADDD4C362" country="Canada" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34778" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34778" name="Royal Ontario Museum" type="Museum">ROM</collectionCode>
56013
</specimenCode>
and
<specimenCode id="651B2E6AEDC1569DFF2F49EEDE835ABD">
<named-content id="89E4B4AC1078C4EC12D900D27AC72DD6" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/new-york-state-museum" xlink_title="New York State Museum, Albany, New York Paleontology Collection">
<collectionCode id="9C17BB45EB58A175F7AC450F07794849" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35009" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35009" name="New York State Museum" type="">NYSM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
19522
</specimenCode>
(Table
<tableCitation id="AFC082E28ED20CCC9D7D75C44E259B78" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Measurements of Silurian Naraoia. Measurements for ROM 56013 from Caron et al. (2004)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/3385E7FCD1AF7987ED38AF34ABACDDE1" tableUuid="3385E7FCD1AF7987ED38AF34ABACDDE1">1</tableCitation>
) indicate that
<specimenCode id="6DF8022248ECAFDB56EFABE58A0F6F76">
<named-content id="12DF560ADA66C2E2107151B5F18E1514" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/new-york-state-museum" xlink_title="New York State Museum, Albany, New York Paleontology Collection">
<collectionCode id="41A0D3673CB9F6B1F9A274FBE4F7E138" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35009" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35009" name="New York State Museum" type="">NYSM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
19522
</specimenCode>
is ~ 40 % smaller than
<specimenCode id="33981EFC0EBEF777441C85BDB62DB991">
<collectionCode id="9CC5C66F9B6EAF34A01830E03B6286D9" country="Canada" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34778" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34778" name="Royal Ontario Museum" type="Museum">ROM</collectionCode>
56013
</specimenCode>
, suggesting it may be a more juvenile specimen.
</paragraph>
<caption id="3385E7FCD1AF7987ED38AF34ABACDDE1" ID-Table-UUID="3385E7FCD1AF7987ED38AF34ABACDDE1" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/3385E7FCD1AF7987ED38AF34ABACDDE1" startId="T1" targetIsTable="true">
<paragraph id="B22B5CDC484A7460F58F487E634BB0BA">
<label id="4FC1C8BC5D905DB1389D3D6FA840BBBD">Table 1.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C9D245359970134B211DD4316F122981">
Measurements of Silurian
<taxonomicName id="A3D9F75F8E0744674CEC7A4D902FE10B" authorityName="Walcott" authorityYear="1912" class="Trilobita" family="Naraoiidae" genus="Naraoia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5F9976C7ECD4D4517911822FF5B1AA62" italics="true">Naraoia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Measurements for
<specimenCode id="1F4C4A1C7F8D7D0A43D5A82F4C63AAC3">ROM 56013</specimenCode>
from
<bibRefCitation id="5CD704953D78ABE7D5817B4366637F6A" DOI="10.1666/0022-3360(2004)078%3C1138:ANLSPN%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Caron J-B &amp; Rudkin DM &amp; Milliken S" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Caron" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Paleontology" pagination="1138-1145" refId="B13" refString="Caron J-B, Rudkin DM, Milliken S (2004) A new late Silurian (Pridolian) naraoiid (Euarthropoda: Nektaspida) from the Bertie Formation of southern Ontario, Canada — delayed fallout from the Cambrian explosion. Journal of Paleontology 78: 1138–1145. https://doi.org/10.1666/0022-3360 (2004) 078 % 3 C 1138: ANLSPN % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" title="A new late Silurian (Pridolian) naraoiid (Euarthropoda: Nektaspida) from the Bertie Formation of southern Ontario, Canada - delayed fallout from the Cambrian explosion." volume="78" year="2004">Caron et al. (2004)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="AEBB218058106DE726D30F5BA087653A">
<table id="TID0EVMBG" rules="all">
<tbody id="BCF0F01A70CF82D36CFCE6C353E6A4A5">
<tr id="9A821F36E0191D93166ED257F8EF2868">
<th id="71B1EB766381D20E47490EB8E97DF162" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Specimen</th>
<th id="67C0DDBB7235220967630EE2DE2A9D3D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Cephalic shield length</th>
<th id="3F19A30F67F4BC8140E44A1D0CE82104" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Cephalic shield width</th>
<th id="4FB68E6C90620C823796B8A324B1687D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Trunk shield length</th>
<th id="FF4932370100458CBDE6FA9C57F1AEC9" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Trunk shield width</th>
</tr>
<tr id="40BA0F9821053D7D1D881C4115798324">
<td id="738C1580ADD5BAB1306397FA995FDF69" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<specimenCode id="88DE4968E784CA562FF36B18A6D52360">ROM 56013</specimenCode>
</td>
<td id="6AED2A644C597F944840025269480280" colspan="1" rowspan="1">20 mm</td>
<td id="2DD6A771A3E953F7C636D74386F27057" colspan="1" rowspan="1">18 mm</td>
<td id="219E79CBE414DCE0DBC3AD0252C1FC16" colspan="1" rowspan="1">17 mm</td>
<td id="47775F9C5D3E24FFE2D38A5C01CBC7B4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">17 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C66A8D3B907E2F47893937CBD9A5958D">
<td id="E42DD7E5C0855584325FE108910731C0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<specimenCode id="65AAE90C123AC4D28293401024C10E56">
<named-content id="60EC67AFC158E51EA0EDDC6CFBAACB69" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/new-york-state-museum" xlink_title="New York State Museum, Albany, New York Paleontology Collection">NYSM</named-content>
19522
</specimenCode>
</td>
<td id="A0FE1FA222BF4F3CB60262C766CD8AB1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">14.6 mm</td>
<td id="9262C215284C71078B59BFA6248E9630" colspan="1" rowspan="1">11.4 mm</td>
<td id="73A9CA1EA4A136A0865290A76C1A27F7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">9.49 mm</td>
<td id="1281E03749DC663C47A14F40EB8A3176" colspan="1" rowspan="1">12.3 mm</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E7BF9EB909EF26D908E5A8FCD813DC59">
Partial rotation of cephalon over the trunk indicates that
<specimenCode id="0F9410BA1EB71295157A8F9E1BCE1BD4">
<named-content id="034C7F254F55F5B5C21B4AD22EF8EEC3" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/new-york-state-museum" xlink_title="New York State Museum, Albany, New York Paleontology Collection">
<collectionCode id="C9A3157B08F261455F8F4AF4D4BCDC84" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35009" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35009" name="New York State Museum" type="">NYSM</collectionCode>
</named-content>
19522
</specimenCode>
is a moult. The specimen aligns with Type C naraoiid preservation of
<bibRefCitation id="8463058C41EA6703023E82AEFD7E5B59" DOI="10.2110/palo.2004.p04-83" author="Lin J-P" firstAuthor="Lin" journalOrPublisher="PALAIOS" pagination="15-25" refId="B39" refString="Lin J-P (2006) Taphonomy of naraoiids (Arthropoda) from the Middle Cambrian Kaili Biota, Guizhou Province, South China. PALAIOS 21: 15–25. https://doi.org/10.2110/palo.2004.p04-83" title="Taphonomy of naraoiids (Arthropoda) from the Middle Cambrian Kaili Biota, Guizhou Province, South China." volume="21" year="2006">Lin (2006)</bibRefCitation>
— a specimen “ with articulated dorsal sclerites, but no preserved information regarding appendages and digestive organs ” (
<bibRefCitation id="426016CF4162826A0E1D95ED90D75504" DOI="10.2110/palo.2004.p04-83" author="Lin" firstAuthor="Lin" journalOrPublisher="PALAIOS" pagination="15-25" refId="B39" refString="Lin J-P (2006) Taphonomy of naraoiids (Arthropoda) from the Middle Cambrian Kaili Biota, Guizhou Province, South China. PALAIOS 21: 15–25. https://doi.org/10.2110/palo.2004.p04-83" title="Taphonomy of naraoiids (Arthropoda) from the Middle Cambrian Kaili Biota, Guizhou Province, South China." volume="21" year="2006">Lin 2006</bibRefCitation>
, p. 17). Both Silurian
<taxonomicName id="85843F71784B6EC65A842B88BB769B9F" authorityName="Walcott" authorityYear="1912" class="Trilobita" family="Naraoiidae" genus="Naraoia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="63615E882C5F83D38282BA57D833F1EE" italics="true">Naraoia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens are therefore moults (
<bibRefCitation id="8FEF0500767FCE25A70CF28D6A921B64" DOI="10.1666/06-082.1" author="Zhang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Zhang" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Paleontology" pagination="1-52" refId="B67" refString="Zhang X-L, Shu D-G, Erwin DH (2007) Cambrian naraoiids (Arthropoda): morphology, ontogeny, systematics, and evolutionary relationships. Journal of Paleontology 81: 1–52. https://doi.org/10.1666/06-082.1" title="Cambrian naraoiids (Arthropoda): morphology, ontogeny, systematics, and evolutionary relationships." volume="81" year="2007">Zhang et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>