Add updates up until 2024-09-12 23:09:09
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@ -182,7 +183,7 @@ was closer to
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than
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<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC1CB3A36CAAEF83DC3FC7C" box="[144,206,929,953]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="33">affinis</emphasis>
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, although this apparently contradicts both their own highest-probability scenario of colonisation (in their
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<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFC1CB3A37D8AE983CCFFC1C" box="[386,450,961,985]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[144,176,1620,1639]" captionTargetBox="[144,1164,1092,1604]" captionTargetId="figure-127@10.[144,1164,1092,1604]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 4. Typical undertail-coverts colour of male Broad-billed Hummingbird Cynanthus latirostris magicus (two specimens at left) and C. l. lawrencei (two specimens at right), from specimens in the Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México collection (Héctor Gómez de Silva)" pageId="27" pageNumber="33">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFC1CB3A37D8AE983CCFFC1C" box="[386,450,961,985]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[144,176,1620,1639]" captionTargetBox="[144,1164,1092,1604]" captionTargetId="figure-127@10.[144,1164,1092,1604]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 4. Typical undertail-coverts colour of male Broad-billed Hummingbird Cynanthus latirostris magicus (two specimens at left) and C. l. lawrencei (two specimens at right), from specimens in the Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México collection (Héctor Gómez de Silva)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755713/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="33">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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) and the phylogenies of
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC1CB3A3487AE983EA8FC1C" author="Smith, B. T. & Escalante, P. & Hernandez-Banos, B. E. & Navarro-Siguenza, A. G. & Rohwer, S. & Klicka, J." box="[733,933,961,985]" pageId="27" pageNumber="33" refId="ref16965" refString="Smith, B. T., Escalante, P., Hernandez-Banos, B. E., Navarro-Siguenza, A. G., Rohwer, S. & Klicka, J. 2011. The role of historical and contemporary processes on phylogeographic structure and genetic diversity in the Northern Cardinal, Cardinalis cardinalis. BMC Evol. Biol. 11: 136." type="journal volume" year="2011">
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Smith
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<mods:date id="55C7E75D815283F25983C77F163AB502">2020</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="8EAFB72B3B0EAA56D2C424A0FB5EF30F" type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number id="0FC2821D42F54FDDD9B166D1ED467DB8">2020-03-19</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="BD0A971E4139FC58E55B84D2FF3E9B54" type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number id="AC4AABC1F13737D0DAEA19D617E00B9E">140</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="7E86AA302689668836806C89261C20FB" type="issue">
|
||||
<mods:number id="A77E3C78621E9CF3204E41E75F7BA4F1">1</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent id="93BC7CEBA449E16777B85655C2AF413F" unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start id="4224A2AE071672B3868B7A999BE51C60">7</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end id="D25198BC125BB3E47EAA9DA3526FB566">37</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="BD112CE4A9554EE51CB27F5559B0D06A">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="E8C7EB8EE7C6F8C3CA7663A9B95F720F" type="DOI">10.25226/bboc.v140i1.2020.a3</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="8FA1CC4D42E003BB6457E0E443937DCD" type="ISSN">2513-9894</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="F9CF8A97C873946254D7CEC939318806" type="Zenodo-Dep">13755707</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="0381A348FFC3CB3B36CAAEB83C39F9B1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755909" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13755909" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0381A348FFC3CB3B36CAAEB83C39F9B1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0381A348FFC3CB3B36CAAEB83C39F9B1" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C33241D5FFC3CB3836CAAEB83FCEFC3C" box="[144,707,993,1017]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFC3CB3836CAAEB83FCEFC3C" blockId="25.[144,1165,993,1689]" box="[144,707,993,1017]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
TROPICAL PARULA
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC3CB3837D5AEB83FCEFC3C" ID-CoL="5L677" baseAuthorityName="Lawrence" baseAuthorityYear="1871" box="[399,707,993,1017]" class="Aves" family="Parulidae" genus="Setophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="pitiayumi" subSpecies="insularis">Setophaga pitiayumi insularis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C33241D5FFC3CB3B3490AEB83C39F9B1" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFC3CB383490AEB83E89FC3C" blockId="25.[144,1165,993,1689]" box="[714,900,993,1017]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
(vs.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC3CB3834A2AEB83E71FC3C" box="[760,892,993,1017]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">S. p. pulchra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFC3CB3836CAA9583C9DFB1D" blockId="25.[144,1165,993,1689]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB3836CAA9583DF1FBDC" box="[144,252,1025,1049]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">Coloration</emphasis>
|
||||
.—Reddish-tinged vs. pale buff flanks (score at least 1), much less white on outer rectrix (score 1), no or scatered black feathers at base of culmen vs. entirely black ‘culmen bridge’ feathers (score 2). Additionally, only the outer pair or two of tail feathers have white in 100% of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC3CB38370FA9383CA2FBBC" box="[341,431,1121,1145]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Forpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB38370FA9383CA2FBBC" box="[341,431,1121,1145]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">insularis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(both sexes) vs. three outer tail feathers in 82% of male and 73% of female
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB38375AA9D83C43FB5C" box="[256,334,1153,1177]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">pulchra</emphasis>
|
||||
(not scored) (from
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC3CB383470A9D83FB8FB5C" author="Grant, P. R." box="[554,693,1153,1177]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant 1965a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, based on
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFC3CB383577A9D83E88FB5C" box="[813,901,1153,1177]" count="42" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" type="male">42 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFC3CB3835E4A9D83927FB5C" box="[958,1066,1153,1177]" count="20" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" type="female">20 female</specimenCount>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC3CB383268A9D83981FB5C" box="[1074,1164,1153,1177]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Forpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB383268A9D83981FB5C" box="[1074,1164,1153,1177]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">insularis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the Tres Marías, and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFC3CB3837E3A9F83F02FB7C" box="[441,527,1185,1209]" count="11" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" type="male">11 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFC3CB38341DA9F83FDCFB7C" box="[583,721,1185,1209]" count="8" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" type="female">eight female</specimenCount>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC3CB38348DA9F83E3CFB7C" box="[727,817,1185,1209]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Forpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB38348DA9F83E3CFB7C" box="[727,817,1185,1209]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">insularis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the mainland vs.
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFC3CB38326CA9F83980FB7C" box="[1078,1165,1185,1209]" count="23" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" type="male">23 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFC3CB38369BA9983C20FB1C" box="[193,301,1217,1241]" count="12" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" type="female">12 female</specimenCount>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB38376EA9983C8FFB1C" box="[308,386,1217,1241]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">pulchra</emphasis>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFC3CB38369AA9B83DF8FA9C" blockId="25.[144,1165,993,1689]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB38369AA9B83C50FB3C" box="[192,349,1249,1273]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">Morphometrics</emphasis>
|
||||
.—Larger in all external measurements, especially the longer tarsus in males and longer tail in females (both score 3, although this seems suspiciously high because these differences are not immediately evident to the eye) but bill in females shorter (score 1).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFC3CB3B369AA8383F26FC71" blockId="25.[144,1165,993,1689]" lastBlockId="26.[144,1165,828,1652]" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB38369AA8383CB5FABD" box="[192,440,1377,1401]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">Reasons for uncertainty</emphasis>
|
||||
.—Race
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC3CB38344CA8383F7DFABC" box="[534,624,1377,1401]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Forpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB38344CA8383F7DFABC" box="[534,624,1377,1401]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">insularis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
also occurs in mangroves in mainland
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49ECDCBCFFC3CB38326DA8383981FABC" box="[1079,1164,1377,1401]" country="Mexico" name="Nayarit" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">Nayarit</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC3CB3836CDA8D83C2FFA5C" author="Grant, P. R." box="[151,290,1409,1433]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant 1965a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), and there is a specimen from Labrados,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49ECDCBCFFC3CB3834AFA8D83E4AFA5C" box="[757,839,1409,1433]" country="Mexico" name="Sinaloa" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">Sinaloa</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC3CB38350FA8D83EF7FA5C" author="McLellan, M. E." box="[853,1018,1409,1433]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 51" refId="ref15876" refString="McLellan, M. E. 1927. Notes on birds of Sinaloa and Nayarit, Mexico, in the fall of 1925. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. (4) 16: 1 - 51." type="journal article" year="1927">McLellan 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and records from Todos Santos and
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49ECDCBCFFC3CB3837CDA8F83CECFA7C" box="[407,481,1441,1465]" country="Ecuador" name="El Oro" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">El Oro</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49ECDCBCFFC3CB3837B1A8F83FB1FA7C" box="[491,700,1441,1465]" country="Mexico" name="Baja California Sur" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">Baja California Sur</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC3CB383492A8F83E69FA7C" author="Iliff, M. J. & Erickson, R. A. & Billings, M. J." box="[712,868,1441,1465]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" pagination="69 - 81" refId="ref15128" refString="Iliff, M. J., Erickson, R. A. & Billings, M. J. 2008. Reassessment of Tropical Parula subspecies in Baja California Sur. Western Birds 39: 69 - 81." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||||
Iliff
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB3834ADA8F83E2CFA7C" box="[759,801,1441,1465]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2008
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Hybrid
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC3CB383596A8F8392BFA7C" box="[972,1062,1441,1465]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Forpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB383596A8F8392BFA7C" box="[972,1062,1441,1465]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">insularis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
×
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB383264A8F83981FA7C" box="[1086,1164,1441,1465]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">pulchra</emphasis>
|
||||
have been documented at Peñita de Jaltemba (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC3CB3834F3A8983E3BFA1C" author="Grant, P. R." box="[681,822,1473,1497]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant 1965a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFC3CB38351EA8983EE3FA1C" box="[836,1006,1473,1497]" count="2" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
that combine the flanks colour of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC3CB383720A8B83CD9FA3C" box="[378,468,1505,1529]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Forpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB383720A8B83CD9FA3C" box="[378,468,1505,1529]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">insularis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with the wing length of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB3834A3A8B83E4AFA3C" box="[761,839,1505,1529]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">pulchra</emphasis>
|
||||
and are intermediate in tail and / or tarsus length) and San Blas (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC3CB383417AB583FFBF9DC" author="Iliff, M. J. & Erickson, R. A. & Billings, M. J." box="[589,758,1537,1561]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" pagination="69 - 81" refId="ref15128" refString="Iliff, M. J., Erickson, R. A. & Billings, M. J. 2008. Reassessment of Tropical Parula subspecies in Baja California Sur. Western Birds 39: 69 - 81." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||||
Iliff
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB3834DBAB583FBDF9DC" box="[641,688,1537,1561]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2008
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFC3CB38355FAB583EB9F9DC" box="[773,948,1537,1561]" count="4" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" type="generic">four specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
with intermediate measurements). Also,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC3CB3837C3AB783F65F9FC" author="Grant, P. R." box="[409,616,1569,1593]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant (1965a: 52)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
noted that his sample of mainland
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC3CB383268AB783981F9FC" box="[1074,1164,1569,1593]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Forpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB383268AB783981F9FC" box="[1074,1164,1569,1593]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">insularis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
somewhat approached
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB3837C0AB183CE5F99C" box="[410,488,1601,1625]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">pulchra</emphasis>
|
||||
in frequency of different tail paterns, and possibly also in some mensural characters, suggesting introgression. Hybridisation may be extensive where they are parapatric. Furthermore, it is also unclear if phenotypic characters differentiating
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B36CAAE653DE7FC91" box="[144,234,828,852]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Forpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B36CAAE653DE7FC91" box="[144,234,828,852]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">insularis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
may partially bridge the gap between
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B34F9AE653E25FC91" box="[675,808,828,852]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">S. p. pulchra</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B3538AE653EFCFC91" baseAuthorityName="Ridgway" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[866,1009,828,852]" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" genus="Turdus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="rufopalliatus" subSpecies="graysoni">
|
||||
race
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B35C2AE643EFCFC91" box="[920,1009,829,852]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from Socorro Island. Tail length of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B3724AE053CD5FCB1" box="[382,472,860,884]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Forpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B3724AE053CD5FCB1" box="[382,472,860,884]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">insularis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is much closer to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B34FFAE053FF3FCB6" box="[677,766,860,883]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B34FFAE053FF3FCB6" box="[677,766,860,883]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
than
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B3565AE053E80FCB1" box="[831,909,860,884]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">pulchra</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC0CB3B35C1AE053930FCB1" author="Ridgway, R." box="[923,1085,860,884]" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 834" refId="ref16712" refString="Ridgway, R. 1902. The birds of North and Middle America. Bull. US Natl. Mus. 50 (2): 1 - 834." type="journal article" year="1902">Ridgway 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; under Socorro
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B36B6AE253C3AFC51" box="[236,311,892,916]" class="Aves" family="Parulidae" genus="Parula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Parula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, del
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC0CB3B3736AE253F46FC51" author="Hoyo, J. & Collar, N. J." box="[364,587,892,916]" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" refId="ref15092" refString="del Hoyo, J. & Collar, N. J. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International illustrated checklist of the birds of the world, vol. 2. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona." type="journal volume" year="2016">Hoyo & Collar 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
cite mean tail lengths for male
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B35F6AE25390BFC51" box="[940,1030,892,916]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Forpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B35F6AE25390BFC51" box="[940,1030,892,916]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">insularis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B3264AE253981FC51" box="[1086,1164,892,916]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">pulchra</emphasis>
|
||||
that are too short,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B3704AEC53C7AFC71" box="[350,375,924,948]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">cf.</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC0CB3B3727AEC53F2DFC71" author="Ridgway, R." box="[381,544,924,948]" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 834" refId="ref16712" refString="Ridgway, R. 1902. The birds of North and Middle America. Bull. US Natl. Mus. 50 (2): 1 - 834." type="journal article" year="1902">Ridgway 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF5742D6FFC0CB3B36CAAFB73E94FCDF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755745" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13755745" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755745/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" startId="26.[144,205,750,769]" targetBox="[144,1164,129,735]" targetPageId="26" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFC0CB3B36CAAFB73E94FCDF" blockId="26.[144,1164,750,794]" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
Figure 23. Tropical
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B371CAFB73C8EFCC4" box="[326,387,750,769]" class="Aves" family="Parulidae" genus="Parula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Parula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B37D2AFB73F86FCC4" baseAuthorityName="Lawrence" baseAuthorityYear="1871" box="[392,651,750,769]" class="Aves" family="Parulidae" genus="Setophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="pitiayumi" subSpecies="insularis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B37D2AFB73F86FCC4" box="[392,651,750,769]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">Setophaga pitiayumi insularis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Isla María Cleofas, May 2016; note the reddish-tinged flanks and lack of black feathers above the base of bill (Mónica G. Pérez Villafaña)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFC0CB3B369AAEE53980FB51" blockId="26.[144,1165,828,1652]" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
In plumage, adult
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B37C9AEE53CE1FC16" box="[403,492,956,979]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B37C9AEE53CE1FC16" box="[403,492,956,979]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
generally resembles juveniles of other races of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B325CAEE5398BFC16" baseAuthorityName="Vieillot" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[1030,1158,956,979]" class="Aves" family="Parulidae" genus="Setophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pitiayumi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B325CAEE5398BFC16" box="[1030,1158,956,979]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">S. pitiayumi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. However, there may be a stepped cline in the percentage of adults with juvenile-like plumage;
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B3758AEA53C51FBD1" box="[258,348,1020,1044]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Forpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B3758AEA53C51FBD1" box="[258,348,1020,1044]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">insularis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is intermediate in proportions and especially the extent of black in the lores and orbital area (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC0CB3B37DCA9453F39FBF1" author="Grant, P. R." box="[390,564,1052,1076]" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant 1965a: 38</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Also, while black is usually thought to be completely absent in the face of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B37D2A9653EA7FB91" authority=", Baptista & Martinez-Gomez (2002: 38)" authorityName="Baptista & Martinez-Gomez" authorityPageNumber="38" authorityYear="2002" box="[392,938,1084,1108]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B37D2A9653CECFB96" box="[392,481,1084,1107]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC0CB3B37ABA9653EA7FB91" author="Baptista, L. F. & Martinez-Gomez, J. E." box="[497,938,1084,1108]" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" pagination="33 - 41" refId="ref13654" refString="Baptista, L. F. & Martinez-Gomez, J. E. 2002. La investigacion bioacustica de las aves del Archipielago de Revillagigedo: un reporte de avance. Huitil 3: 33 - 41." type="journal article" year="2002">Baptista & Martínez-Gómez (2002: 38)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
found that a small percentage of individuals do show some black. There may also be a cline in the extent of white in the rectrices between
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B3785A9253F20FB51" box="[479,557,1148,1172]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">pulchra</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B3463A9253F9EFB51" box="[569,659,1148,1172]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Forpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B3463A9253F9EFB51" box="[569,659,1148,1172]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">insularis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B3493A9253984FB51" authority="(Regelski & Moldenhauer 2012)" baseAuthorityName="Regelski & Moldenhauer" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[713,1161,1148,1172]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B3493A9253E2FFB56" box="[713,802,1148,1171]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
(Regelski & Moldenhauer 2012)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFC0CB3B369AA9C53C39F9B1" blockId="26.[144,1165,828,1652]" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
All of the above indicates that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B3445A9C53F75FB76" baseAuthorityName="Regelski & Moldenhauer" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[543,632,1180,1203]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B3445A9C53F75FB76" box="[543,632,1180,1203]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is perhaps not as phenotypically distinct from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B36CAA9E53DF9FB16" baseAuthorityName="Vieillot" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[144,244,1212,1235]" class="Aves" family="Parulidae" genus="Setophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pitiayumi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B36CAA9E53DF9FB16" box="[144,244,1212,1235]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">pitiayumi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as scored by del
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC0CB3B37E7A9E53FBCFB11" author="Hoyo, J. & Collar, N. J." box="[445,689,1212,1236]" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" refId="ref15092" refString="del Hoyo, J. & Collar, N. J. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International illustrated checklist of the birds of the world, vol. 2. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona." type="journal volume" year="2016">Hoyo & Collar (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
who considered
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B352DA9E53EDDFB16" baseAuthorityName="Regelski & Moldenhauer" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[887,976,1212,1235]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B352DA9E53EDDFB16" box="[887,976,1212,1235]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
to be a separate species, while simultaneously overlooking one important character of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B35EEA9853900FB36" baseAuthorityName="Regelski & Moldenhauer" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[948,1037,1244,1267]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B35EEA9853900FB36" box="[948,1037,1244,1267]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
that sets it apart from the rest of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B37DCA9A53F0BFAD6" baseAuthorityName="Vieillot" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[390,518,1276,1299]" class="Aves" family="Parulidae" genus="Setophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pitiayumi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B37DCA9A53F0BFAD6" box="[390,518,1276,1299]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">S. pitiayumi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, namely the grey of the face extends to include the malar in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B36F4A8453C0AFAF6" baseAuthorityName="Regelski & Moldenhauer" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[174,263,1308,1331]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B36F4A8453C0AFAF6" box="[174,263,1308,1331]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(as in Northern
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B3792A8453F1DFAF1" box="[456,528,1308,1332]" class="Aves" family="Parulidae" genus="Parula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Parula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B3440A8453FADFAF6" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[538,672,1308,1331]" class="Aves" family="Parulidae" genus="Setophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B3440A8453FADFAF6" box="[538,672,1308,1331]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">S. americana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) vs. the yellow of the throat extends up to include the malar in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B37DFA8653CE4FA96" baseAuthorityName="Vieillot" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[389,489,1340,1363]" class="Aves" family="Parulidae" genus="Setophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pitiayumi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B37DFA8653CE4FA96" box="[389,489,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">pitiayumi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
including
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B3433A8653FCEFA91" box="[617,707,1340,1364]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Forpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B3433A8653FCEFA91" box="[617,707,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">insularis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC0CB3B348FA8653EC1FA91" author="Dunn, J. L. & Garret, K. L." box="[725,972,1340,1364]" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" refId="ref14103" refString="Dunn, J. L. & Garret, K. L. 1997. A field guide to the warblers of North America. Houghton Mifflin, Boston." type="book" year="1997">Dunn & Garret 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC0CB3B3580A865398FFA91" author="Iliff, M. J. & Erickson, R. A. & Billings, M. J." box="[986,1154,1340,1364]" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" pagination="69 - 81" refId="ref15128" refString="Iliff, M. J., Erickson, R. A. & Billings, M. J. 2008. Reassessment of Tropical Parula subspecies in Baja California Sur. Western Birds 39: 69 - 81." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||||
Iliff
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B3256A8653937FA91" box="[1036,1082,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2008
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Also, del
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC0CB3B36A4A8053CFEFAB1" author="Hoyo, J. & Collar, N. J." box="[254,499,1372,1396]" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" refId="ref15092" refString="del Hoyo, J. & Collar, N. J. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International illustrated checklist of the birds of the world, vol. 2. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona." type="journal volume" year="2016">Hoyo & Collar (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
tentatively added a score of 2 to the diagnosis of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B3269A8053981FAB6" baseAuthorityName="Regelski & Moldenhauer" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[1075,1164,1372,1395]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B3269A8053981FAB6" box="[1075,1164,1372,1395]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
based on a ‘more complex voice, involving several songs, resembling those of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B324CA825398BFA51" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1046,1158,1404,1428]" class="Aves" family="Parulidae" genus="Setophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ruticilla">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B324CA825398BFA51" box="[1046,1158,1404,1428]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">S. ruticilla</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B36CAA8C53C3CFA71" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[144,305,1436,1460]" class="Aves" family="Parulidae" genus="Setophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pensylvanica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B36CAA8C53C3CFA71" box="[144,305,1436,1460]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">S. pensylvanica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B3737A8C53CF9FA76" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[365,500,1436,1459]" class="Aves" family="Parulidae" genus="Setophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B3737A8C53CF9FA76" box="[365,500,1436,1459]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">S. americana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
’ while
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B3411A8C53FA8FA71" box="[587,677,1436,1460]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Forpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B3411A8C53FA8FA71" box="[587,677,1436,1460]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">insularis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
apparently has a similar varied repertoire (HGdS pers. obs.). Furthermore,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B37A7A8E53F71FA16" baseAuthorityName="Vieillot" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[509,636,1468,1491]" class="Aves" family="Parulidae" genus="Setophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pitiayumi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B37A7A8E53F71FA16" box="[509,636,1468,1491]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">S. pitiayumi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(with or without
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B351BA8E53E97FA16" baseAuthorityName="Regelski & Moldenhauer" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[833,922,1468,1491]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B351BA8E53E97FA16" box="[833,922,1468,1491]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) may be paraphyletic with respect to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B371BA8853CCBFA36" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[321,454,1500,1523]" class="Aves" family="Parulidae" genus="Setophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B371BA8853CCBFA36" box="[321,454,1500,1523]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">S. americana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC0CB3B378CA8853E11FA31" author="Lovete, I. J. & Bermingham, E." box="[470,796,1500,1524]" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" pagination="211 - 215" refId="ref15625" refString="Lovete, I. J. & Bermingham, E. 2001. A mitochondrial sequence-based phylogenetic analysis of Parula woodwarblers (Aves: Parulidae). Auk 118: 211 - 215." type="journal article" year="2001">Lovete & Bermingham 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC0CB3B3572A8853EE8FA31" author="Evans, E. L. & Martinez-Gomez, J. E. & Sehgal, R. N. M." box="[808,997,1500,1524]" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" pagination="363 - 370" refId="ref14133" refString="Evans, E. L., Martinez-Gomez, J. E. & Sehgal, R. N. M. 2015. Phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic status of the endemic Socorro Warbler (Setophaga pitiayumi graysoni). J. Orn. 156: 363 - 370." type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||||
Evans
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B3529A8853E92FA31" box="[883,927,1500,1524]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2015
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The situation is clearly very complex and requires further study, including testing the extent of introgression / hybridisation of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B37B4AB453F45F9F1" box="[494,584,1564,1588]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Forpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B37B4AB453F45F9F1" box="[494,584,1564,1588]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">insularis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B3424AB453FC1F9F1" box="[638,716,1564,1588]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">pulchra</emphasis>
|
||||
on the
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49ECDCBCFFC0CB3B3546AB453E7CF9F1" box="[796,881,1564,1588]" country="Mexico" name="Nayarit" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">Nayarit</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(and
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49ECDCBCFFC0CB3B35F5AB45390EF9F1" box="[943,1027,1564,1588]" country="Mexico" name="Sinaloa" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">Sinaloa</collectingRegion>
|
||||
?) mainland, and a phylogeographic study of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC0CB3B345AAB653F8DF996" baseAuthorityName="Vieillot" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[512,640,1596,1619]" class="Aves" family="Parulidae" genus="Setophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pitiayumi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B345AAB653F8DF996" box="[512,640,1596,1619]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">S. pitiayumi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC0CB3B34D5AB653FFBF991" box="[655,758,1596,1620]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="32">sensu lato</emphasis>
|
||||
) with samples from throughout the species’ range.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
121
data/03/81/A3/0381A348FFC9CB3236CAAC183C10FD1C.xml
Normal file
121
data/03/81/A3/0381A348FFC9CB3236CAAC183C10FD1C.xml
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
|
|||
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<treatment id="0381A348FFC9CB3236CAAC183C10FD1C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0381A348FFC9CB3236CAAC183C10FD1C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0381A348FFC9CB3236CAAC183C10FD1C" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">
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|
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|
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<paragraph id="8B97125EFFC9CB3236CAAC183E19FE9C" blockId="19.[144,1164,321,729]" box="[144,788,321,345]" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB3236CAAC183CA9FE9C" bold="true" box="[144,420,321,345]" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">BLUE MOCKINGBIRD</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC9CB3237F1AC183E19FE9C" ID-CoL="5JLLX" box="[427,788,321,345]" class="Aves" family="Mimidae" genus="Melanotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="caerulescens" subSpecies="longirostris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB3237F1AC183E19FE9C" box="[427,788,321,345]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">Melanotis caerulescens longirostris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C33241D5FFC9CB323541AC183C10FD1C" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFC9CB323541AC183DA8FEBC" blockId="19.[144,1164,321,729]" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
(vs.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB323510AC1B3909FE9C" box="[842,1028,321,345]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
M. c.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC9CB3235DCAC183909FE9C" authorityName=", Grant" authorityYear="1965" box="[902,1028,321,345]" class="Aves" family="Mimidae" genus="Melanotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caerulescens">caerulescens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
total score 4)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFC9CB3236CAACD83E76FE3C" blockId="19.[144,1164,321,729]" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB3236CAACD83DF1FE5C" box="[144,252,385,409]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">Coloration</emphasis>
|
||||
.—Based on
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFC9CB3237C2ACD83CFAFE5C" box="[408,503,385,409]" count="52" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" type="male">52 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFC9CB323464ACD83FBCFE5C" box="[574,689,385,409]" count="24" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" type="female">24 female</specimenCount>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB32349AACD83E3BFE5C" box="[704,822,385,409]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">longirostris</emphasis>
|
||||
vs.
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFC9CB323529ACD83EDFFE5C" box="[883,978,385,409]" count="29" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" type="male">29 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFC9CB323243ACD83981FE5C" box="[1049,1164,385,409]" count="32" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" type="female">32 female</specimenCount>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC9CB3236CAACF83CB9FE7C" authority=", Grant (1965 a)" authorityName=", Grant" authorityYear="1965" box="[144,436,417,441]" class="Aves" family="Mimidae" genus="Melanotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caerulescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB3236CAACF83C03FE7C" box="[144,270,417,441]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">caerulescens</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC9CB323746ACF83CB9FE7C" author="Grant, P. R." box="[284,436,417,441]" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant (1965a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
found that ‘less than half’ of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB323559ACF83E74FE7C" box="[771,889,417,441]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">longirostris</emphasis>
|
||||
were paler in the throat and crown feathers than ‘most’ of his
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC9CB323465AC983FB0FE1C" authorityName=", Grant" authorityYear="1965" box="[575,701,449,473]" class="Aves" family="Mimidae" genus="Melanotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caerulescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB323465AC983FB0FE1C" box="[575,701,449,473]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">caerulescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sample but the palest specimens of each were indistinguishable. Therefore there is large overlap (no score).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFC9CB32369AAF583C10FD1C" blockId="19.[144,1164,321,729]" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB32369AAF583C50FDDC" box="[192,349,513,537]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">Morphometrics</emphasis>
|
||||
.—Slightly larger but has proportionately much longer bill in both sexes (score 2) whereas the tail is shorter, especially in males (score 2). Additionally,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC9CB3235AFAF783981FDFC" author="Grant, P. R." box="[1013,1164,545,569]" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant (1965a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
found that coracoid length may be shorter in island birds but did not provide sufficient information to calculate effect size because he considered his sample to be inadequate (
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFC9CB323208AF383DCAFD5C" count="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" type="male">three male</specimenCount>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFC9CB32375EAFD83C75FD5C" box="[260,376,641,665]" count="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" type="female">six female</specimenCount>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB3237DBAFD83CFAFD5C" box="[385,503,641,665]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">longirostris</emphasis>
|
||||
vs.
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFC9CB323470AFD83F99FD5C" box="[554,660,641,665]" count="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" type="male">five male</specimenCount>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFC9CB32348BAFD83E5CFD5C" box="[721,849,641,665]" count="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" type="female">two female</specimenCount>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC9CB323501AFD83ED4FD5C" authorityName=", Grant" authorityYear="1965" box="[859,985,641,665]" class="Aves" family="Mimidae" genus="Melanotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caerulescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB323501AFD83ED4FD5C" box="[859,985,641,665]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">caerulescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). However, the measurement ranges have slight to no overlap, which suggest the difference is not minor (not scored).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
221
data/03/81/A3/0381A348FFC9CB3536CAAE583980FA53.xml
Normal file
221
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Normal file
|
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|
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||||
<mods:title id="A1E3927DABAD537BFC2546F0929C1AA1">Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part id="C1A67C9B5D0091B13C103784B33D9ED6">
|
||||
<mods:date id="093BDFE520C816D21AF05F402CD54CF2">2020</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="19248844995DED8033A2F9A83EFF67A6" type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number id="B33D9FBDFCEB0389B0765C95E96DDAD8">2020-03-19</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="EAD70AC57FBB0EA800FB0E383D2FE25D" type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number id="31BE7847A8C289E953929BC36DEAFF07">140</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="0BE2F23C3E78AE654585C045EF3B308A" type="issue">
|
||||
<mods:number id="F791CACE78390B9004CE2E4B8C95FFDE">1</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent id="24747953A6A80C61AECB3A3C1443E336" unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start id="E7C459B593EB47F50F7FB696E074E9A7">7</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end id="7865480072ACF58605238E7A43686A11">37</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="61D9C130512D3CCCB42D0E289E2CA5F4">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="494B897CABF26527680C545FB37EEE37" type="DOI">10.25226/bboc.v140i1.2020.a3</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="1405D7B4E9BD172E75391AC79AC2DD0D" type="ISSN">2513-9894</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="3B26AC6E40DDFD75B162DEC99120A586" type="Zenodo-Dep">13755707</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="0381A348FFC9CB3536CAAE583980FA53" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755906" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13755906" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0381A348FFC9CB3536CAAE583980FA53" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0381A348FFC9CB3536CAAE583980FA53" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<heading id="D0DFA532FFC9CB3236CAAE583C78FCFC" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" reason="2">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C33241D5FFC9CB3236CAAE583E08FCDC" box="[144,773,769,793]" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFC9CB3236CAAE583E08FCDC" blockId="19.[144,1165,769,1657]" box="[144,773,769,793]" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB3236CAAE583CD1FCDC" bold="true" box="[144,476,769,793]" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">STREAK-BACKED ORIOLE</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC9CB3237B8AE5B3E08FCDC" ID-CoL="5J447" authorityName="Cassin" authorityYear="1867" box="[482,773,769,793]" class="Aves" family="Icteridae" genus="Icterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="pustulatus" subSpecies="graysonii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB3237B8AE5B3E08FCDC" box="[482,773,769,793]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">Icterus pustulatus graysonii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C33241D5FFC9CB353556AE583980FA53" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFC9CB323556AE583C78FCFC" blockId="19.[144,1165,769,1657]" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
(vs.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC9CB323561AE5B3EE5FCDC" box="[827,1000,770,793]" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB323561AE5B3EE5FCDC" box="[827,1000,770,793]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">I. p. microstictus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC9CB32327BAE5B3DD4FCFC" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB32327BAE5B3DD4FCFC" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">I. p. yaegeri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
total score 7).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFC9CB3236CAAE183E91FBBC" blockId="19.[144,1165,769,1657]" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB3236CAAE183DF1FC9C" box="[144,252,833,857]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">Coloration</emphasis>
|
||||
.—Very few short and narrow streaks on back, usually in scapular region vs. more prominent and numerous streaks throughout back (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFC9CB323482AE383E28FCBC" box="[728,805,865,889]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[883,944,130,149]" captionTargetBox="[144,1165,129,1216]" captionTargetId="figure-330@20.[141,868,125,868]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15. Back patern, size and intensity of orange in Streak-backed Oriole Icterus pustulatus specimens from Nayarit, from left to right: two typical microstictus / yaegeri, two presumed hybrids (with Phillips’ specimen at right) and a typical graysoni; note the similar overall size of graysoni and Phillips’ specimen, which is, however, more orange overall (especially the head), while the other presumed hybrid (which appears almost as long due to specimen preparation) has back streaks intermediate between graysoni and typical mainland Nayarit orioles (Héctor Gómez de Silva)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755733/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC9CB32356AAE383EB7FCBC" author="Grant, P. R." box="[816,954,865,889]" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant 1965a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, based on
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFC9CB32326BAE383981FCBC" box="[1073,1164,865,889]" count="39" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" type="adult">39 adult</specimenCount>
|
||||
male and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFC9CB3236A6AED83C5BFC5C" box="[252,342,897,921]" count="13" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" type="adult">13 adult</specimenCount>
|
||||
female
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC9CB3237F6AED83F01FC5D" box="[428,524,897,920]" class="Aves" family="Icteridae" genus="Icterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysonii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB3237F6AED83F01FC5D" box="[428,524,897,920]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">graysonii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
vs.
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFC9CB32346CAED83F9DFC5C" box="[566,656,897,921]" count="69" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" type="adult">69 adult</specimenCount>
|
||||
male and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFC9CB323558AED83E51FC5C" box="[770,860,897,921]" count="29" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" type="adult">29 adult</specimenCount>
|
||||
female
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB3235E8AED8393DFC5D" box="[946,1072,897,920]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">microstictus</emphasis>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB32321EAED83980FC5D" box="[1092,1165,897,920]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">yaegeri</emphasis>
|
||||
[score 2]). Median coverts ‘pale yellow to yellowish-white’ vs. ‘usually (orangey) yellow’ in
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB3236CAAE983DD4FC1D" box="[144,217,961,984]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">yaegeri</emphasis>
|
||||
, the geographically closest mainland taxon, and white in
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB323530AE983EE5FC1D" box="[874,1000,961,984]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">microstictus</emphasis>
|
||||
, which occurs further inland than
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB32372FAEB83CB3FC3D" box="[373,446,993,1016]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">yaegeri</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC9CB323794AEB83F6CFC3C" author="Phillips, A. R." box="[462,609,993,1017]" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" pagination="98 - 105" refId="ref16378" refString="Phillips, A. R. 1995. The northern races of Icterus pustulatus (Icteridae), Scarlet-headed or Streaked-backed Oriole. Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl. 115: 98 - 105." type="journal article" year="1995">Phillips 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
[score 1]).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC9CB3234B9AEB83E70FC3C" author="Grant, P. R." box="[739,893,993,1017]" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant (1965a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
mentioned but did not quantify a tendency to differ in yellow vs. orange plumage. Generally,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC9CB323581A9583936FBDD" box="[987,1083,1025,1048]" class="Aves" family="Icteridae" genus="Icterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysonii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB323581A9583936FBDD" box="[987,1083,1025,1048]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">graysonii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is less orange overall (consistent with the median coverts character, above, and with
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC9CB32327DA9783DC8FB9C" author="Ridgway, R." pageId="19" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 834" refId="ref16712" refString="Ridgway, R. 1902. The birds of North and Middle America. Bull. US Natl. Mus. 50 (2): 1 - 834." type="journal article" year="1902">Ridgway 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC9CB32368BA9183CD4FB9C" author="Jaramillo, A. & Burke, P." box="[209,473,1089,1113]" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" refId="ref15460" refString="Jaramillo, A. & Burke, P. 1999. New World blackbirds: the icterids. Princeton Univ. Press." type="book" year="1999">Jaramillo & Burke 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and we support this based on our field work, although
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFC9CB323239A9183DC6FBBC" count="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" type="adult">one adult</specimenCount>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC9CB323688A9383C3FFBBD" box="[210,306,1121,1144]" class="Aves" family="Icteridae" genus="Icterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysonii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB323688A9383C3FFBBD" box="[210,306,1121,1144]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">graysonii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
among the dozens seen was intensely orange (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFC9CB323518A9383E82FBBC" box="[834,911,1121,1145]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="20.[144,205,1232,1251]" captionText="Figure 16. An intensely orange individual of Streak-backed Oriole Icterus pustulatus graysoni, Isla María Cleofas, March 2016 (Javier Cruz Nieto)" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFC9CB32369AA9D83DFCFADC" blockId="19.[144,1165,769,1657]" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB32369AA9D83C50FB5C" box="[192,349,1153,1177]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">Morphometrics</emphasis>
|
||||
.—Larger in external measurements (score 2), but with a significantly shorter coracoid both absolutely and relatively (score 2) and a relatively shorter femur (not significantly different whereas all external measurements are significantly different [not scored]). The bill is also differently shaped (‘longer in relation to width’,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC9CB323595A9B8395BFB3C" author="Grant, P. R." box="[975,1110,1249,1273]" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant 1965a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
[not scored]).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFC9CB32369AA8783E32F9BC" blockId="19.[144,1165,769,1657]" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB32369AA8783CDBFAFC" box="[192,470,1313,1337]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">Evidence of hybridisation</emphasis>
|
||||
.—
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC9CB3237ACA8783F92FAFC" author="Phillips, A. R." box="[502,671,1313,1337]" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" pagination="98 - 105" refId="ref16378" refString="Phillips, A. R. 1995. The northern races of Icterus pustulatus (Icteridae), Scarlet-headed or Streaked-backed Oriole. Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl. 115: 98 - 105." type="journal article" year="1995">Phillips (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
collected a mainland specimen that he presumed to be a rare variant of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB3237ADA8183F4DFA9D" box="[503,576,1345,1368]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">yaegeri</emphasis>
|
||||
and had ‘plain yellowish interscapulars, with hardly perceptible black streaking (on the back). But the middle wing-coverts are richer, and bill shorter, than
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC9CB323775A8D83C82FA5D" box="[303,399,1409,1432]" class="Aves" family="Icteridae" genus="Icterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysonii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB323775A8D83C82FA5D" box="[303,399,1409,1432]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">graysonii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
’. This specimen is now in the IBUNAM collection (P022269). Its precise locality, according to the label, is ‘1¾ km N of Singaita’, whereon it is also mentioned ‘Apparently alone in brush, near normal-backed pair’. The bird not only resembles
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC9CB323276A8983981FA1D" box="[1068,1164,1473,1496]" class="Aves" family="Icteridae" genus="Icterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysonii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB323276A8983981FA1D" box="[1068,1164,1473,1496]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">graysonii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in its back patern but also in size (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFC9CB323454A8B83F56FA3C" box="[526,603,1505,1529]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[883,944,130,149]" captionTargetBox="[144,1165,129,1216]" captionTargetId="figure-330@20.[141,868,125,868]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15. Back patern, size and intensity of orange in Streak-backed Oriole Icterus pustulatus specimens from Nayarit, from left to right: two typical microstictus / yaegeri, two presumed hybrids (with Phillips’ specimen at right) and a typical graysoni; note the similar overall size of graysoni and Phillips’ specimen, which is, however, more orange overall (especially the head), while the other presumed hybrid (which appears almost as long due to specimen preparation) has back streaks intermediate between graysoni and typical mainland Nayarit orioles (Héctor Gómez de Silva)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755733/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Therefore it combines phenotypic characters and is almost surely a hybrid. We found a second mainland specimen (P015891 from Santiago Ixcuintla) that resembles
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC9CB3237EBAB783F1CF9FD" box="[433,529,1569,1592]" class="Aves" family="Icteridae" genus="Icterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysonii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC9CB3237EBAB783F1CF9FD" box="[433,529,1569,1592]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">graysonii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in its fewer and narrower back streaks, but streaks are present even on the central back (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFC9CB323456AB183F57F99C" box="[524,602,1601,1625]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="20.[883,944,130,149]" captionTargetBox="[144,1165,129,1216]" captionTargetId="figure-330@20.[141,868,125,868]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 15. Back patern, size and intensity of orange in Streak-backed Oriole Icterus pustulatus specimens from Nayarit, from left to right: two typical microstictus / yaegeri, two presumed hybrids (with Phillips’ specimen at right) and a typical graysoni; note the similar overall size of graysoni and Phillips’ specimen, which is, however, more orange overall (especially the head), while the other presumed hybrid (which appears almost as long due to specimen preparation) has back streaks intermediate between graysoni and typical mainland Nayarit orioles (Héctor Gómez de Silva)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755733/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="25">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||||
). In overall length this specimen is comparable to other mainland specimens, and we believe it is also a hybrid.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF5742D6FFCECB353529ADDB3951FD40" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755733" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13755733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755733/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="26" startId="20.[883,944,130,149]" targetBox="[144,1165,129,1216]" targetPageId="20" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFCECB353529ADDB3951FD40" blockId="20.[883,1165,129,645]" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
Figure 15. Back patern, size and intensity of orange in Streak-backed Oriole
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCECB35320AADED3EDEFF1A" baseAuthorityName="Wagler" baseAuthorityYear="1829" class="Aves" family="Icteridae" genus="Icterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pustulatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCECB35320AADED3EDEFF1A" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">Icterus pustulatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
specimens from Nayarit, from left to right: two typical
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCECB35359AADA73927FED5" box="[960,1066,254,272]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">microstictus</emphasis>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCECB353210ADA7398AFED5" box="[1098,1159,254,272]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">yaegeri</emphasis>
|
||||
, two presumed hybrids (with Phillips’ specimen at right) and a typical
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCECB3535B4AC103934FE9E" box="[1006,1081,329,347]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCECB3535B4AC103934FE9E" box="[1006,1081,329,347]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; note the similar overall size of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCECB35321BAC383981FEB6" box="[1089,1164,353,371]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCECB35321BAC383981FEB6" box="[1089,1164,353,371]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and Phillips’ specimen, which is, however, more orange overall (especially the head), while the other presumed hybrid (which appears almost as long due to specimen preparation) has back streaks intermediate between
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCECB353591AF18391BFD96" box="[971,1046,577,595]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCECB353591AF18391BFD96" box="[971,1046,577,595]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and typical mainland Nayarit orioles (Héctor Gómez de Silva)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF5742D6FFCECB3536CAA9893F07FB39" pageId="20" pageNumber="26" startId="20.[144,205,1232,1251]" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFCECB3536CAA9893F07FB39" blockId="20.[144,1164,1232,1276]" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
Figure 16. An intensely orange individual of Streak-backed Oriole
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCECB35357FA9883916FB26" authorityName="Cassin" authorityYear="1867" box="[805,1051,1232,1251]" class="Aves" family="Icteridae" genus="Icterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="pustulatus" subSpecies="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCECB35357FA9883916FB26" box="[805,1051,1232,1251]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">Icterus pustulatus graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Isla María Cleofas, March 2016 (Javier Cruz Nieto)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFCECB35369AA8473980FA53" blockId="20.[144,1165,1310,1430]" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCECB35369AA8473CBDFAF3" box="[192,432,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">Additional information</emphasis>
|
||||
.—
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCECB35378AA8473E2FFAF3" author="Cortes-Rodriguez, N. & Hernandez-Banos, B. E. & Navarro-Siguenza, A. G. & Omland, K. E." box="[464,802,1310,1334]" pageId="20" pageNumber="26" pagination="729 - 739" refId="ref13948" refString="Cortes-Rodriguez, N., Hernandez-Banos, B. E., Navarro-Siguenza, A. G. & Omland, K. E. 2008. Geographic variation and genetic structure in the Streak-backed Oriole: low mitochondrial DNA differentiation reveals recent divergence. Condor 110: 729 - 739." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||||
Cortés-Rodríguez
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCECB3534FAA8463FC3FAF3" box="[672,718,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. (2008)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCECB35353AA8473981FAF3" author="Ortiz-Ramirez, M. F. & Sanchez-Gonzalez, L. A. & Castellanos-Morales, G. & Ornelas, J. F. & Navarro-Siguenza, A. G." box="[864,1164,1310,1334]" pageId="20" pageNumber="26" pagination="716 - 732" refId="ref16237" refString="Ortiz-Ramirez, M. F., Sanchez-Gonzalez, L. A., Castellanos-Morales, G., Ornelas, J. F. & Navarro-Siguenza, A. G. 2018. Concerted Pleistocene dispersal and genetic differentiation in passerine birds from the Tres Marias archipelago, Mexico. Auk 135: 716 - 732." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||||
Ortiz-Ramírez
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCECB353250A8463935FAF3" box="[1034,1080,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. (2018)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
found reciprocal monophyly but shallow genetic divergence between
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCECB3535AAA866395CFA93" box="[1008,1105,1343,1366]" class="Aves" family="Icteridae" genus="Icterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysonii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCECB3535AAA866395CFA93" box="[1008,1105,1343,1366]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">graysonii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and mainland specimens. Shallow genetic divergence is also seen in other sister species of orioles even when they possess distinctly different plumage features (e.g.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCECB353598A827398FFA53" author="Kondo, B. & Baker, J. M. & Omland, K. E." box="[962,1154,1406,1430]" pageId="20" pageNumber="26" pagination="674 - 680" refId="ref15534" refString="Kondo, B., Baker, J. M. & Omland, K. E. 2004. Recent speciation between the Baltimore Oriole and the Blackbacked Oriole. Condor 106: 674 - 680." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||||
Kondo
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCECB35324EA8263933FA53" box="[1044,1086,1406,1430]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2004
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
133
data/03/81/A3/0381A348FFCBCB3036CAAFD8393AFB9D.xml
Normal file
133
data/03/81/A3/0381A348FFCBCB3036CAAFD8393AFB9D.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
|
|||
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<mods:titleInfo id="5AA76169C4CC58B88FC735F729589B7F">
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<mods:title id="0E1D7A62D2E488ED7C1E809DE993C946">Are some of the birds endemic to the Tres Marías Islands (Mexico) species?</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="215820648349960F5324F5600791621B" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="32FC1CF9EAE72BBD01A295ED1290075A">Silva, Héctor Gómez de</mods:namePart>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="18F64F56AFFCF9ADCED63874681F7FA6">Pérez Villafaña, Mónica G.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="886D828D8C09E324AA616249F7DC57D6">Cruz-Nieto, Javier</mods:namePart>
|
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</mods:name>
|
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<mods:name id="B82DB588F0C99928CD4D61084306281C" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="C58292618E40E56B7EB8A09D05D286F7">Cruz-Nieto, Miguel Ángel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:part id="8A229677F8A07DFE0C399587539009DB">
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<mods:date id="DA8CB64B5BA48E1F1C70DBD090F5EF45">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="AC65858D42DFBB89560CFFFAE02D2C68">2020-03-19</mods:number>
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|
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<treatment id="0381A348FFCBCB3036CAAFD8393AFB9D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755904" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13755904" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0381A348FFCBCB3036CAAFD8393AFB9D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0381A348FFCBCB3036CAAFD8393AFB9D" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">
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<heading id="D0DFA532FFCBCB3036CAAFD8393DFD5C" box="[144,1072,641,665]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="23" reason="2">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C33241D5FFCBCB3036CAAFD83F87FD5C" box="[144,650,641,665]" pageId="17" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFCBCB3036CAAFD83F87FD5C" blockId="17.[144,1164,641,1113]" box="[144,650,641,665]" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCBCB3036CAAFD83C53FD5C" bold="true" box="[144,350,641,665]" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">GOLDEN VIREO</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCBCB30373FAFDB3F87FD5C" ID-CoL="5LRXZ" box="[357,650,641,665]" class="Aves" family="Vireonidae" genus="Vireo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="hypochryseus" subSpecies="sordidus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCBCB30373FAFDB3F87FD5C" box="[357,650,641,665]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">Vireo hypochryseus sordidus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C33241D5FFCBCB3034CBAFD8393AFB9D" pageId="17" pageNumber="23" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFCBCB3034CBAFD8393DFD5C" blockId="17.[144,1164,641,1113]" box="[657,1072,641,665]" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">
|
||||
(vs.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCBCB30349AAFDB3E8CFD5C" authorityName="P. L. Sclater" authorityYear="1863" box="[704,897,641,665]" class="Aves" family="Vireonidae" genus="Vireo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hypochryseus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCBCB30349AAFDB3E8CFD5C" box="[704,897,641,665]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">V. h. hypochryseus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
total score 5–6)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFCBCB3036CAAFF83C6CFCFC" blockId="17.[144,1164,641,1113]" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCBCB3036CAAFF83DF1FD7C" box="[144,252,673,697]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">Coloration</emphasis>
|
||||
.—Throat, breast, flanks and upperparts duller and greener in
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCBCB3035E3AFF8391DFD7C" box="[953,1040,673,697]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">sordidus</emphasis>
|
||||
, especially in fresh plumage and when specimens collected in the same season are compared (score 1 or possibly 2,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCBCB30371DAFB83CDFFD3C" author="Grant, P. R." box="[327,466,737,761]" pageId="17" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant 1965a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, based on
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFCBCB303417AFB83FABFD3C" box="[589,678,737,761]" count="30" pageId="17" pageNumber="23" type="male">30 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFCBCB3034BBAFB83E43FD3C" box="[737,846,737,761]" count="23" pageId="17" pageNumber="23" type="female">23 female</specimenCount>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCBCB30350DAFB83EA3FD3C" box="[855,942,737,761]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">sordidus</emphasis>
|
||||
vs.
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFCBCB303584AFB8393AFD3C" box="[990,1079,737,761]" count="44" pageId="17" pageNumber="23" type="male">44 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFCBCB303229AFB83DD6FCDC" count="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="23" type="female">20 female</specimenCount>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCBCB3036B8AE583C61FCDC" authorityName="P. L. Sclater" authorityYear="1863" box="[226,364,769,793]" class="Aves" family="Vireonidae" genus="Vireo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hypochryseus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCBCB3036B8AE583C61FCDC" box="[226,364,769,793]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">hypochryseus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCBCB3037D9AE583F16FCDC" author="Grant, P. R." box="[387,539,769,793]" pageId="17" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant (1965a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
reported that
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCBCB3034E5AE583E66FCDC" author="Nelson, E. W." box="[703,875,769,793]" pageId="17" pageNumber="23" pagination="5 - 11" refId="ref16130" refString="Nelson, E. W. 1898. Descriptions of new birds from the Tres Marias Islands, western Mexico. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 72: 5 - 11." type="journal article" year="1898">Nelson’s (1898)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
claimed difference in bill colour is incorrect.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFCBCB30369AAE183CBCFBDC" blockId="17.[144,1164,641,1113]" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCBCB30369AAE183C50FC9C" box="[192,349,833,857]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">Morphometrics</emphasis>
|
||||
.—Larger in all external measurements, especially tail length of both sexes and wing length of females (score 2), with a significantly shorter coracoid both absolutely and relatively (effect size almost reaches the threshold for score of 3, but we assign a score of 2) and a relatively shorter femur (not significantly different between taxa, whereas all external measurements are larger [not scored]).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCBCB3034EFAE983EFEFC1C" author="Arbelaez-Cortes, E. & Roldan-Pina, D. & Navarro-Siguenza, A. G." box="[693,1011,961,985]" pageId="17" pageNumber="23" pagination="253 - 263" refId="ref13606" refString="Arbelaez-Cortes, E., Roldan-Pina, D. & Navarro-Siguenza, A. G. 2014. Multilocus phylogeography and morphology give insights into the recent evolution of a Mexican endemic songbird: Vireo hypochryseus. J. Avian Biol. 45: 253 - 263." type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||||
Arbeláez-Cortés
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCBCB303529AE9B3EADFC1C" box="[883,928,961,985]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. (2014)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
analysed the morphometrics of ten
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCBCB3037D1AEB83CEFFC3C" box="[395,482,993,1017]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">sordidus</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFCBCB303446AEB83FBFFC3C" box="[540,690,993,1017]" count="37" pageId="17" pageNumber="23" type="generic">37 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
from the rest of the range, and confirmed the larger size of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCBCB303708A9583CBCFBDC" box="[338,433,1025,1049]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">sordidus.</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFCBCB30369AA978393AFB9D" blockId="17.[144,1164,641,1113]" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCBCB30369AA9783CBFFBFC" box="[192,434,1057,1081]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">Additional information</emphasis>
|
||||
.—
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCBCB30378BA9783E14FBFC" author="Arbelaez-Cortes, E. & Roldan-Pina, D. & Navarro-Siguenza, A. G." box="[465,793,1057,1081]" pageId="17" pageNumber="23" pagination="253 - 263" refId="ref13606" refString="Arbelaez-Cortes, E., Roldan-Pina, D. & Navarro-Siguenza, A. G. 2014. Multilocus phylogeography and morphology give insights into the recent evolution of a Mexican endemic songbird: Vireo hypochryseus. J. Avian Biol. 45: 253 - 263." type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||||
Arbeláez-Cortés
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCBCB3034C9A97B3FCEFBFC" box="[659,707,1057,1081]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. (2014)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCBCB303500A9783981FBFC" author="Ortiz-Ramirez, M. F. & Sanchez-Gonzalez, L. A. & Castellanos-Morales, G. & Ornelas, J. F. & Navarro-Siguenza, A. G." box="[858,1164,1057,1081]" pageId="17" pageNumber="23" pagination="716 - 732" refId="ref16237" refString="Ortiz-Ramirez, M. F., Sanchez-Gonzalez, L. A., Castellanos-Morales, G., Ornelas, J. F. & Navarro-Siguenza, A. G. 2018. Concerted Pleistocene dispersal and genetic differentiation in passerine birds from the Tres Marias archipelago, Mexico. Auk 135: 716 - 732." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
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Ortiz-Ramírez
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCBCB30325DA97B393BFBFC" box="[1031,1078,1057,1081]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. (2018)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
reported reciprocal monophyly but shallow genetic divergence between these taxa.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
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|
|
@ -1,59 +1,60 @@
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@ -66,7 +67,9 @@
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(vs.
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<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCBCB3034F8A9DB3E28FB5C" box="[674,805,1153,1177]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">P. f. pallidus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
total score 8)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFCBCB3236CAA9F83E7CFF7C" blockId="17.[144,1165,1153,1689]" lastBlockId="19.[144,1165,129,281]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">
|
||||
|
|
@ -74,7 +77,7 @@ total score 8)
|
|||
.—White mid-breast and mid-belly vs. rufous breast and belly in
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCBCB303581A9F83920FB7C" box="[987,1069,1185,1209]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">pallidus</emphasis>
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(
|
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<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFCBCB303261A9F8398AFB7C" box="[1083,1159,1185,1209]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="18.[144,205,916,935]" captionTargetBox="[144,1164,129,900]" captionTargetId="figure-74@18.[647,1167,126,903]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 13. Left: typical underparts colour and cheek patern in Happy Wren Pheugopedius felix pallidus, Laguna El Chumbeño, Francisco Villa, Nayarit, Mexico, May 2016 (Amy McAndrews); right: P. f. lawrencii, Isla María Cleofas, April 2016 (Mónica G. Pérez Villafaña)" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFCBCB303261A9F8398AFB7C" box="[1083,1159,1185,1209]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="18.[144,205,916,935]" captionTargetBox="[144,1164,129,900]" captionTargetId="figure-74@18.[647,1167,126,903]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 13. Left: typical underparts colour and cheek patern in Happy Wren Pheugopedius felix pallidus, Laguna El Chumbeño, Francisco Villa, Nayarit, Mexico, May 2016 (Amy McAndrews); right: P. f. lawrencii, Isla María Cleofas, April 2016 (Mónica G. Pérez Villafaña)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755729" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755729/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCBCB3036CAA9983C16FB1C" author="Grant, P. R." box="[144,283,1217,1241]" pageId="17" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant 1965a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, based on
|
||||
|
|
@ -112,9 +115,9 @@ at IBUNAM, a few are washed warm on the breast, but are still usually paler than
|
|||
, these are white or whitish, contrasting with the warm breast-sides, whereas
|
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<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCBCB3037D3A8F83CD6FA7C" box="[393,475,1441,1465]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">pallidus</emphasis>
|
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has cinnamon / rufous underwing-coverts concolorous with the breast (score 3) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFCBCB30372FA8983CCEFA1C" box="[373,451,1473,1497]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="18.[144,205,1480,1499]" captionTargetBox="[144,1164,1018,1643]" captionTargetId="figure-157@18.[144,721,1015,1466]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 14. Cinnamon underwing-coverts of Happy Wren Pheugopedius felix pallidus (above) compared to the contrasting white underwing-coverts of the warmest-breasted P. f. lawrencii specimen in the Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México collection (right) (Héctor Gómez de Silva)" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
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<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFCBCB30372FA8983CCEFA1C" box="[373,451,1473,1497]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="18.[144,205,1480,1499]" captionTargetBox="[144,1164,1018,1643]" captionTargetId="figure-157@18.[144,721,1015,1466]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 14. Cinnamon underwing-coverts of Happy Wren Pheugopedius felix pallidus (above) compared to the contrasting white underwing-coverts of the warmest-breasted P. f. lawrencii specimen in the Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México collection (right) (Héctor Gómez de Silva)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755731/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Ear-coverts have significantly more white than black feathers vs. black and white feathers approximately equally prominent (score 2) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFCBCB30358DA8B8392AFA3C" box="[983,1063,1505,1529]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="18.[144,205,916,935]" captionTargetBox="[144,1164,129,900]" captionTargetId="figure-74@18.[647,1167,126,903]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 13. Left: typical underparts colour and cheek patern in Happy Wren Pheugopedius felix pallidus, Laguna El Chumbeño, Francisco Villa, Nayarit, Mexico, May 2016 (Amy McAndrews); right: P. f. lawrencii, Isla María Cleofas, April 2016 (Mónica G. Pérez Villafaña)" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFCBCB30358DA8B8392AFA3C" box="[983,1063,1505,1529]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="18.[144,205,916,935]" captionTargetBox="[144,1164,129,900]" captionTargetId="figure-74@18.[647,1167,126,903]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 13. Left: typical underparts colour and cheek patern in Happy Wren Pheugopedius felix pallidus, Laguna El Chumbeño, Francisco Villa, Nayarit, Mexico, May 2016 (Amy McAndrews); right: P. f. lawrencii, Isla María Cleofas, April 2016 (Mónica G. Pérez Villafaña)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755729" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755729/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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). One or other of these differences between
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCBCB303443AB583F75F9DC" box="[537,632,1537,1561]" class="Aves" family="Troglodytidae" genus="Pheugopedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lawrencii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCBCB303443AB583F75F9DC" box="[537,632,1537,1561]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="23">lawrencii</emphasis>
|
||||
|
|
@ -151,7 +154,7 @@ the differences are abrupt and occur in both characters simultaneously.
|
|||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC9CB323402ADD83FE2FF5C" author="Grant, P. R." box="[600,751,129,153]" pageId="19" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant (1965a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
noted that in both plumage features, juveniles from the mainland approach those of Tres Marías birds.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF5742D6FFC8CB3336CAAECD3FBEFC1C" pageId="18" pageNumber="24" startId="18.[144,205,916,935]" targetBox="[144,1164,129,900]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<caption id="DF5742D6FFC8CB3336CAAECD3FBEFC1C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755729" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13755729" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755729/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="24" startId="18.[144,205,916,935]" targetBox="[144,1164,129,900]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFC8CB3336CAAECD3FBEFC1C" blockId="18.[144,1164,916,985]" pageId="18" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
Figure 13. Left: typical underparts colour and cheek patern in Happy Wren
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC8CB3335C8AECD3CF6FC05" authority=", Laguna El Chumbeno, Francisco Villa" authorityName="Laguna El Chumbeno, Francisco Villa" class="Aves" family="Troglodytidae" genus="Pheugopedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="felix" subSpecies="pallidus">
|
||||
|
|
@ -166,7 +169,7 @@ P. f.
|
|||
, Isla María Cleofas, April 2016 (Mónica G. Pérez Villafaña)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF5742D6FFC8CB3336CAA8913C26F992" pageId="18" pageNumber="24" startId="18.[144,205,1480,1499]" targetBox="[144,1164,1018,1643]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<caption id="DF5742D6FFC8CB3336CAA8913C26F992" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755731" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13755731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755731/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="24" startId="18.[144,205,1480,1499]" targetBox="[144,1164,1018,1643]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFC8CB3336CAA8913C26F992" blockId="18.[144,720,1480,1623]" pageId="18" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
Figure 14. Cinnamon underwing-coverts of Happy Wren
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC8CB3336CAA8B83C77FA31" box="[144,378,1505,1524]" class="Aves" family="Troglodytidae" genus="Pheugopedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="felix" subSpecies="pallidus">
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
357
data/03/81/A3/0381A348FFCCCB3836CAA9593DF7FC7C.xml
Normal file
357
data/03/81/A3/0381A348FFCCCB3836CAA9593DF7FC7C.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
|
|||
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<mods:mods id="FD90D511A80F795A6C48951EE2E77C70" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="532B6C3F3E2959E1503C60224E7C190E">
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<mods:title id="8C0AC732214584E4E7283CBAA604EF51">Are some of the birds endemic to the Tres Marías Islands (Mexico) species?</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="30E4BD1B0EEEFC6716E344B779E57B0A">Silva, Héctor Gómez de</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="418A7FB19E8B6CC46522F1421B5DB991">Pérez Villafaña, Mónica G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B7CD4B384058D90CD76B61DF6D1D464C">Cruz-Nieto, Javier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9D0A6FB6A5B862C74B2460E431B39281">Cruz-Nieto, Miguel Ángel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="94928A6774982D281E596BA00568CD34">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="0381A348FFCCCB3836CAA9593DF7FC7C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0381A348FFCCCB3836CAA9593DF7FC7C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0381A348FFCCCB3836CAA9593DF7FC7C" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">
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<heading id="D0DFA532FFCCCB3736CAA9593EF2FBDC" box="[144,1023,1024,1049]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" reason="2">
|
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<subSubSection id="C33241D5FFCCCB3736CAA9593E01FBDD" box="[144,780,1024,1049]" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="8B97125EFFCCCB3736CAA9593E01FBDD" blockId="22.[144,1164,1024,1689]" box="[144,780,1024,1049]" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB3736CAA9593CDCFBDC" bold="true" box="[144,465,1024,1049]" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">RUFOUS-BACKED ROBIN</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCCCB373782A9583E01FBDD" ID-CoL="5LNTZ" baseAuthorityName="Ridgway" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[472,780,1025,1049]" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" genus="Turdus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="rufopalliatus" subSpecies="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB373782A9583E01FBDD" box="[472,780,1025,1049]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">Turdus rufopalliatus graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C33241D5FFCCCB383549A9583DF7FC7C" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFCCCB373549A9583EF2FBDC" blockId="22.[144,1164,1024,1689]" box="[787,1023,1025,1049]" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
(vs.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCCCB37351BA95B3EFAFBDC" box="[833,1015,1025,1049]" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" genus="Turdus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="rufopalliatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB37351BA95B3EFAFBDC" box="[833,1015,1025,1049]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">T. r. rufopalliatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFCCCB3736CAA9783DE4FA5C" blockId="22.[144,1164,1024,1689]" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB3736CAA9783DF1FBFC" box="[144,252,1057,1081]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">Coloration</emphasis>
|
||||
.—Underwing-coverts tawny-ochraceous contrasting with dull cinnamon sides and flanks vs. underwing-coverts concolorous or nearly so with the breast, sides and flanks (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCCCB3736CDA9383C37FBBC" author="Ridgway, R." box="[151,314,1121,1145]" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 973" refId="ref16772" refString="Ridgway, R. 1907. The birds of North and Middle America. Bull. US Natl. Mus. 50 (4): 1 - 973." type="journal article" year="1907">Ridgway 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Grey breast-band vs. grey only in the streaked feathers at the lower edge of the throat; in extreme cases this causes grey, rather than rufous, to be the dominant colour of the underparts (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCCCB37373BA9F83CE6FB7C" author="Grant, P. R." box="[353,491,1185,1209]" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant 1965a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, based on
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFCCCB37343AA9F83FBAFB7C" box="[608,695,1185,1209]" count="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" type="male">24 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFCCCB3734B4A9F83E54FB7C" box="[750,857,1185,1209]" count="42" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" type="female">42 female</specimenCount>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCCCB373505A9F83EB5FB7D" box="[863,952,1185,1208]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB373505A9F83EB5FB7D" box="[863,952,1185,1208]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
vs.
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFCCCB3735BEA9F83936FB7C" box="[996,1083,1185,1209]" count="32" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" type="male">32 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFCCCB373229A9F83DD6FB1C" count="22" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" type="female">22 female</specimenCount>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCCCB3736B8A9983C68FB1C" authorityName="Lafresnaye" authorityYear="1840" box="[226,357,1217,1241]" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" genus="Turdus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufopalliatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB3736B8A9983C68FB1C" box="[226,357,1217,1241]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">rufopalliatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCCCB373728A9983F6CFB1C" author="Howell, S. N. G. & Webb, S." box="[370,609,1217,1241]" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" refId="ref15024" refString="Howell, S. N. G. & Webb, S. 1995. A guide to the birds of Mexico and northern Central America. Oxford Univ. Press." type="book" year="1995">Howell & Webb 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
Plate 51.3b, our
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFCCCB373547A9983E67FB1C" box="[797,874,1217,1241]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="23.[144,205,787,806]" captionTargetBox="[144,1164,129,772]" captionTargetId="figure-181@23.[141,1167,125,773]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 18. Typical Rufous-backed Robin Turdus rufopalliatus graysoni with broad grey breast-band concolorous with head and nape, pale salmon flanks, brown back and wing-coverts with very litle back / nape contrast, and rather narrow throat streaks, Isla María Cleofas, May 2016 (Héctor Gómez de Silva)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755739" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755739/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||||
). However, a grey breast-band sometimes shows up in mainland
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCCCB373402A9B83FD6FB3C" authorityName="Lafresnaye" authorityYear="1840" box="[600,731,1249,1273]" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" genus="Turdus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufopalliatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB373402A9B83FD6FB3C" box="[600,731,1249,1273]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">rufopalliatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
even well away from the Tres Marías (e.g., see
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFCCCB3736A2A8583C49FADC" box="[248,324,1281,1305]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="23.[801,863,890,909]" captionTargetBox="[144,787,889,1358]" captionTargetId="figure-270@23.[140,789,886,1361]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 19. Mainland Rufous-backed Robin Turdus rufopalliatus far from the Tres Marías, with an anomalous grey breast-band resembling T. r. graysoni and note the prominent throat streaks and warm-coloured back, wing-coverts and flanks, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico, June 2017 (Juan Manuel Ramos Merino)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755741" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755741/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and while some
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCCCB37344BA8583F67FADD" box="[529,618,1281,1304]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB37344BA8583F67FADD" box="[529,618,1281,1304]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have the breast-band ‘faintly... tinged with dull salmon-color’, in mainland
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCCCB373792A8783F46FAFC" authorityName="Lafresnaye" authorityYear="1840" box="[456,587,1313,1337]" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" genus="Turdus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufopalliatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB373792A8783F46FAFC" box="[456,587,1313,1337]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">rufopalliatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
most of the breast-band is ‘salmon color to almost cinnamon-rufous’ (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCCCB37373CA8183CF4FA9C" author="Phillips, A. R." box="[358,505,1345,1369]" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" refId="ref16350" refString="Phillips, A. R. 1991. The known birds of North and Middle America, pt. 2. Privately published, Denver, CO." type="book" year="1991">Phillips 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Assuming that all individuals we saw and photographed in the Tres Marías were
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCCCB3737E8A8383F06FABD" box="[434,523,1377,1400]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB3737E8A8383F06FABD" box="[434,523,1377,1400]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, our photographs confirm the blurred distinction (e.g.,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFCCCB3736CAA8D83DD0FA5C" box="[144,221,1409,1433]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="24.[839,902,130,149]" captionTargetBox="[144,824,129,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-191@24.[141,827,594,1053]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 20. Presumed Rufousbacked Robin Turdus rufopalliatus graysoni with mainly narrow throat streaks, a strong salmon wash on the breast, and wing-coverts and back colours close to those of non-graysoni T. rufopalliatus, Isla María Cleofas, November 2015 (Javier Cruz Nieto)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755743" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755743/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFCCCB38369AA8F83E72FEFC" blockId="22.[144,1164,1024,1689]" lastBlockId="25.[144,1165,129,953]" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
‘Back grayish, usually more or less tinged with brownish but hardly, if at all, contrasted to nape’ vs. ‘scapulars, and usually back, strongly washed with cinnamon-rufous to russet..., in strong contrast to the grayer crown and nape (if not badly worn and faded)’ (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCCCB3736CDAB583C26F9DC" author="Phillips, A. R." box="[151,299,1537,1561]" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" refId="ref16350" refString="Phillips, A. R. 1991. The known birds of North and Middle America, pt. 2. Privately published, Denver, CO." type="book" year="1991">Phillips 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCCCB373765AB583F4DF9DC" author="Howell, S. N. G. & Webb, S." box="[319,576,1537,1561]" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" refId="ref15024" refString="Howell, S. N. G. & Webb, S. 1995. A guide to the birds of Mexico and northern Central America. Oxford Univ. Press." type="book" year="1995">Howell & Webb (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
described the back of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCCCB373518AB583E96F9DD" box="[834,923,1537,1560]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB373518AB583E96F9DD" box="[834,923,1537,1560]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as ‘greyish-rufous to olive-brown’. Our photographs from the Tres Marías show a range, from brown close to the upperparts of White-throated Thrush
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCCCB37342AAB183FEAF99C" authorityName="Cabanis" authorityYear="1850" box="[624,743,1601,1625]" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" genus="Turdus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="assimilis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB37342AAB183FEAF99C" box="[624,743,1601,1625]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">T. assimilis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and showing litle contrast with the nape and crown, to more rufous contrasting with the nape and crown (e.g.,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFCCCB3735BAAB38393BF9BC" box="[992,1078,1633,1657]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="23.[144,205,787,806]" captionTargetBox="[144,1164,129,772]" captionTargetId="figure-181@23.[141,1167,125,773]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 18. Typical Rufous-backed Robin Turdus rufopalliatus graysoni with broad grey breast-band concolorous with head and nape, pale salmon flanks, brown back and wing-coverts with very litle back / nape contrast, and rather narrow throat streaks, Isla María Cleofas, May 2016 (Héctor Gómez de Silva)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755739" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755739/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">Figs. 18</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFCCCB37321BAB383957F9BC" box="[1089,1114,1633,1657]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="24.[839,902,130,149]" captionTargetBox="[144,824,129,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-191@24.[141,827,594,1053]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 20. Presumed Rufousbacked Robin Turdus rufopalliatus graysoni with mainly narrow throat streaks, a strong salmon wash on the breast, and wing-coverts and back colours close to those of non-graysoni T. rufopalliatus, Isla María Cleofas, November 2015 (Javier Cruz Nieto)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755743" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755743/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">20</figureCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFCCCB3736CAABD83DA0F95C" box="[144,173,1665,1689]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="24.[839,900,1067,1086]" captionText="Figure 22. Rufous-backed Robin Turdus rufopalliatus graysoni with brown back and wing-coverts resembling the upperparts colours of White-throated Thrush T. assimilis, Isla María Cleofas, May 2016 (Héctor Gómez de Silva)" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">22</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Upperwing-coverts ‘dull cinnamon or duller’ vs. ‘salmon color to almost cinnamon-rufous’ and sides and flanks dull orange-brown vs. rufous (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCDCB36356AA82D3EC9FA49" author="Phillips, A. R." box="[816,964,1396,1420]" pageId="23" pageNumber="29" refId="ref16350" refString="Phillips, A. R. 1991. The known birds of North and Middle America, pt. 2. Privately published, Denver, CO." type="book" year="1991">Phillips 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), which seem like subtle distinctions. All or most individuals we photographed on the Tres Marías had sides and flanks similar to some mainland
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCDCB363418A8ED3FC8FA09" authorityName="Lafresnaye" authorityYear="1840" box="[578,709,1460,1484]" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" genus="Turdus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufopalliatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCDCB363418A8ED3FC8FA09" box="[578,709,1460,1484]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="29">rufopalliatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(e.g.,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFCDCB363557A8ED3E56FA09" box="[781,859,1460,1484]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="24.[839,902,598,617]" captionText="Figure 21. Mainland Rufousbacked Robin Turdus rufopalliatus far from the range of T. r. graysoni with a salmon wash on the breast resembling some graysoni, Parque María Enriqueta, Mexico City, June 2017 (Héctor Gómez de Silva & Mónica G. Pérez Villafaña)." pageId="23" pageNumber="29">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||||
, htp://2.bp.blogspot.com/- G0D2EpXGCkI/VHzA0MTHSjI/AAAAAAAACSQ/sMP9Yby2Yic/s1600/_DSC0103.JPG).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCDCB3636CAA8AD3C26F9C9" author="Grant, P. R." box="[144,299,1524,1548]" pageId="23" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant (1965a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
mentioned that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCDCB3637AAA8AC3F44F9C9" box="[496,585,1525,1548]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCDCB3637AAA8AC3F44F9C9" box="[496,585,1525,1548]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="29">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
‘show a tendency to possess paler and narrower chin and throat streaks than mainland birds, easily recognizable only when the extreme forms of the two samples are compared’ (consistent with, e.g.,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFCDCB363534AB6D3ECBF989" box="[878,966,1588,1612]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="23.[144,205,787,806]" captionTargetBox="[144,1164,129,772]" captionTargetId="figure-181@23.[141,1167,125,773]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 18. Typical Rufous-backed Robin Turdus rufopalliatus graysoni with broad grey breast-band concolorous with head and nape, pale salmon flanks, brown back and wing-coverts with very litle back / nape contrast, and rather narrow throat streaks, Isla María Cleofas, May 2016 (Héctor Gómez de Silva)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755739" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755739/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="29">Figs. 18</figureCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFCDCB36325FAB6D392FF989" box="[1029,1058,1588,1612]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="24.[839,902,130,149]" captionTargetBox="[144,824,129,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-191@24.[141,827,594,1053]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 20. Presumed Rufousbacked Robin Turdus rufopalliatus graysoni with mainly narrow throat streaks, a strong salmon wash on the breast, and wing-coverts and back colours close to those of non-graysoni T. rufopalliatus, Isla María Cleofas, November 2015 (Javier Cruz Nieto)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755743" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755743/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="29">20</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCDCB36326DAB6D3DD9F9A9" author="Phillips, A. R." pageId="23" pageNumber="29" refId="ref16350" refString="Phillips, A. R. 1991. The known birds of North and Middle America, pt. 2. Privately published, Denver, CO." type="book" year="1991">Phillips (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
mentioned ‘feet apparently darker’ in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCDCB3634DEAB0C3FD0F9A9" box="[644,733,1621,1644]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCDCB3634DEAB0C3FD0F9A9" box="[644,733,1621,1644]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="29">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
but did not evidence this, and it is not supported by our field observations. In conclusion, individuals of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCDCB36352FAB2C3EC3F949" box="[885,974,1653,1676]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCDCB36352FAB2C3EC3F949" box="[885,974,1653,1676]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="29">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
representing the extremes of plumage (e.g., with narrowly striped throats, predominantly grey underparts and / or brown backs) are easily identified, but there appears to be sufficient variance and overlap that colour differences cannot be adequately scored. The literature suggests that the main differences are duller plumage and no sexual dimorphism vs. much brighter, richer plumaged males (e.g.,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC3CB3837C3AC583F2BFEDC" author="Grant, P. R." box="[409,550,257,281]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">
|
||||
Grant 1965
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC3CB383440AC583F2BFEDC" author="Phillips, A. R." box="[538,550,257,281]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" refId="ref16350" refString="Phillips, A. R. 1991. The known birds of North and Middle America, pt. 2. Privately published, Denver, CO." type="book" year="1991">a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, Phillips 1991,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC3CB383482AC583ED9FEDC" author="Howell, S. N. G. & Webb, S." box="[728,980,257,281]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" refId="ref15024" refString="Howell, S. N. G. & Webb, S. 1995. A guide to the birds of Mexico and northern Central America. Oxford Univ. Press." type="book" year="1995">Howell & Webb 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Individuals of unknown sex and / or in faded plumage would not be identifiable.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF5742D6FFCDCB3636CAAE4A3EDDFC9D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755739" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13755739" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755739/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="29" startId="23.[144,205,787,806]" targetBox="[144,1164,129,772]" targetPageId="23" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFCDCB3636CAAE4A3EDDFC9D" blockId="23.[144,1165,787,856]" pageId="23" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
Figure 18. Typical Rufous-backed Robin
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCDCB363452AE4A3E05FCE3" baseAuthorityName="Ridgway" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[520,776,787,806]" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" genus="Turdus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="rufopalliatus" subSpecies="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCDCB363452AE4A3E05FCE3" box="[520,776,787,806]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="29">Turdus rufopalliatus graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with broad grey breast-band concolorous with head and nape, pale salmon flanks, brown back and wing-coverts with very litle back / nape contrast, and rather narrow throat streaks, Isla María Cleofas, May 2016 (Héctor Gómez de Silva)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF5742D6FFCDCB36357BAE23390FFB91" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755741" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13755741" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755741/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="29" startId="23.[801,863,890,909]" targetBox="[144,787,889,1358]" targetPageId="23" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFCDCB36357BAE23390FFB91" blockId="23.[801,1165,890,1108]" pageId="23" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
Figure 19. Mainland Rufous-backed Robin
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCDCB363532AECA392AFC63" authorityName="Lafresnaye" authorityYear="1840" box="[872,1063,915,934]" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" genus="Turdus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufopalliatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCDCB363532AECA392AFC63" box="[872,1063,915,934]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="29">Turdus rufopalliatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
far from the Tres Marías, with an anomalous grey breast-band resembling
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCDCB363206AE9C3E61FC35" baseAuthorityName="Ridgway" baseAuthorityYear="1882" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" genus="Turdus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="rufopalliatus" subSpecies="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCDCB363206AE9C3E61FC35" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="29">T. r. graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and note the prominent throat streaks and warm-coloured back, wing-coverts and flanks, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico, June 2017 (Juan Manuel Ramos Merino)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF5742D6FFC2CB39351DADDB3EF1FE9E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755743" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13755743" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755743/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="30" startId="24.[839,902,130,149]" targetBox="[144,824,129,1700]" targetPageId="24" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFC2CB39351DADDB3EF1FE9E" blockId="24.[839,1164,130,347]" pageId="24" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
Figure 20. Presumed Rufousbacked Robin
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC2CB39358CADC33E9FFF03" baseAuthorityName="Ridgway" baseAuthorityYear="1882" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" genus="Turdus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="rufopalliatus" subSpecies="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC2CB39358CADC33E9FFF03" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="30">Turdus rufopalliatus graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with mainly narrow throat streaks, a strong salmon wash on the breast, and wing-coverts and back colours close to those of non-
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC2CB393529AC4E3955FEEC" box="[883,1112,278,297]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC2CB393529AC4E3EB3FEEC" box="[883,958,279,297]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">graysoni</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC2CB393591AC4E3955FEEC" authorityName="Lafresnaye" authorityYear="1840" box="[971,1112,278,297]" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" genus="Turdus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufopalliatus">T. rufopalliatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
, Isla María Cleofas, November 2015 (Javier Cruz Nieto)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF5742D6FFC2CB39351DAF0F396EFCD2" pageId="24" pageNumber="30" startId="24.[839,902,598,617]" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFC2CB39351DAF0F396EFCD2" blockId="24.[839,1164,598,791]" pageId="24" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
Figure 21. Mainland Rufousbacked Robin
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC2CB39358CAF363981FD47" authorityName="Lafresnaye" authorityYear="1840" box="[982,1164,623,642]" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" genus="Turdus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufopalliatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC2CB39358CAF363981FD47" box="[982,1164,623,642]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="30">Turdus rufopalliatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
far from the range of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC2CB39324FAFD13981FD5F" baseAuthorityName="Ridgway" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[1045,1164,648,666]" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" genus="Turdus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="rufopalliatus" subSpecies="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC2CB39324FAFD13981FD5F" box="[1045,1164,648,666]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="30">T. r. graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with a salmon wash on the breast resembling some
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC2CB3935A8AFE33EFFFD20" authority=", Parque Maria Enriqueta" authorityName="Parque Maria Enriqueta" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC2CB3935A8AFE33930FD09" box="[1010,1085,698,716]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="30">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
, Parque María Enriqueta
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Mexico City, June 2017 (Héctor Gómez de Silva & Mónica G. Pérez Villafaña).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF5742D6FFC2CB39351DA972396DFB17" pageId="24" pageNumber="30" startId="24.[839,900,1067,1086]" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFC2CB39351DA972396DFB17" blockId="24.[839,1165,1067,1235]" pageId="24" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
Figure 22. Rufous-backed Robin
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC2CB39351DA91A395BFB93" baseAuthorityName="Ridgway" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[839,1110,1091,1110]" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" genus="Turdus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="rufopalliatus" subSpecies="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC2CB39351DA91A395BFB93" box="[839,1110,1091,1110]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="30">Turdus rufopalliatus graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with brown back and wing-coverts resembling the upperparts colours of White-throated Thrush
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC2CB393220A9D73E9FFB7F" authorityName="Cabanis" authorityYear="1850" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" genus="Turdus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="assimilis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC2CB393220A9D73E9FFB7F" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="30">T. assimilis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Isla María Cleofas, May 2016 (Héctor Gómez de Silva)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFC3CB38369AAC183CB7FE7C" blockId="25.[144,1165,129,953]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB38369AAC183C50FE9C" box="[192,349,321,345]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">Morphometrics</emphasis>
|
||||
.—Larger in all external measurements, especially tarsus length and bill length (score 2).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC3CB3837DFAC383FD1FEBC" author="Montano-Rendon, M. & Sanchez-Gonzalez, L. A. & Hernandez-Alonso, G. & Navarro-Siguenza, A. G." box="[389,732,353,377]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" pagination="495 - 514" refId="ref16012" refString="Montano-Rendon, M., Sanchez-Gonzalez, L. A., Hernandez-Alonso, G. & Navarro-Siguenza, A. G. 2015. Genetic differentiation in the Mexican endemic Rufous-backed Robin, Turdus rufopalliatus (Passeriformes: Turdidae). Zootaxa 4034: 495 - 514." type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||||
Montaño-Rendón
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB38340CAC3B3F88FEBC" box="[598,645,353,377]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. (2015)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, based on
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFC3CB383505AC383EC6FEBC" box="[863,971,353,377]" count="268" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" type="adult">268 adult</specimenCount>
|
||||
specimens from throughout the range of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC3CB3837EDACDB3F56FE5C" authorityName="Lafresnaye" authorityYear="1840" box="[439,603,385,409]" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" genus="Turdus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufopalliatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB3837EDACDB3F56FE5C" box="[439,603,385,409]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">T. rufopalliatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB383435ACDB3FD7FE5C" box="[623,730,385,409]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">sensu lato</emphasis>
|
||||
), confirmed the existence of marked morphometric differences.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFC3CB38369AAC983981FE3D" blockId="25.[144,1165,129,953]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB38369AAC983CBDFE1C" box="[192,432,449,473]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">Additional information</emphasis>
|
||||
.—
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC3CB38378AAC983E2CFE1C" author="Montano-Rendon, M. & Sanchez-Gonzalez, L. A. & Hernandez-Alonso, G. & Navarro-Siguenza, A. G." box="[464,801,449,473]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" pagination="495 - 514" refId="ref16012" refString="Montano-Rendon, M., Sanchez-Gonzalez, L. A., Hernandez-Alonso, G. & Navarro-Siguenza, A. G. 2015. Genetic differentiation in the Mexican endemic Rufous-backed Robin, Turdus rufopalliatus (Passeriformes: Turdidae). Zootaxa 4034: 495 - 514." type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||||
Montaño-Rendón
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB3834FAAC9B3FC3FE1C" box="[672,718,449,473]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. (2015)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC3CB38353AAC983981FE1C" author="Ortiz-Ramirez, M. F. & Sanchez-Gonzalez, L. A. & Castellanos-Morales, G. & Ornelas, J. F. & Navarro-Siguenza, A. G." box="[864,1164,449,473]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" pagination="716 - 732" refId="ref16237" refString="Ortiz-Ramirez, M. F., Sanchez-Gonzalez, L. A., Castellanos-Morales, G., Ornelas, J. F. & Navarro-Siguenza, A. G. 2018. Concerted Pleistocene dispersal and genetic differentiation in passerine birds from the Tres Marias archipelago, Mexico. Auk 135: 716 - 732." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||||
Ortiz-Ramírez
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB383250AC9B3935FE1C" box="[1034,1080,449,473]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. (2018)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
found reciprocal monophyly and deep genetic divergence between
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC3CB38352CACBB3EC2FE3C" box="[886,975,482,505]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB38352CACBB3EC2FE3C" box="[886,975,482,505]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC3CB383259ACB8398BFE3C" authorityName="Lafresnaye" authorityYear="1840" box="[1027,1158,481,505]" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" genus="Turdus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufopalliatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB383259ACB8398BFE3C" box="[1027,1158,481,505]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">rufopalliatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFC3CB38369AAF5B3DF7FC7C" blockId="25.[144,1165,129,953]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB38369AAF5B3CB0FDDC" box="[192,445,513,537]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">Reasons for uncertainty</emphasis>
|
||||
.—Apparently,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC3CB383435AF5B3FC5FDDC" box="[623,712,514,537]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB383435AF5B3FC5FDDC" box="[623,712,514,537]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
occurs sympatrically with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC3CB383253AF583981FDDC" authorityName="Lafresnaye" authorityYear="1840" box="[1033,1164,513,537]" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" genus="Turdus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufopalliatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB383253AF583981FDDC" box="[1033,1164,513,537]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">rufopalliatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in coastal
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49ECDCBCFFC3CB38375CAF783C56FDFC" box="[262,347,545,569]" country="Mexico" name="Nayarit" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">Nayarit</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC3CB383737AF783CF6FDFC" author="Grant, P. R." box="[365,507,545,569]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">
|
||||
Grant 1965
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC3CB3837B5AF783CF6FDFC" author="Phillips, A. R." box="[495,507,545,569]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" pagination="301 - 309" refId="ref16317" refString="Phillips, A. R. 1981. Subspecies vs. forgoten species: the case of Grayson's Robin (Turdus graysoni). Wilson Bull. 93: 301 - 309." type="journal article" year="1981">a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, Phillips 1981,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC3CB3834F1AF783EA8FDFC" author="Howell, S. N. G. & Webb, S." box="[683,933,545,569]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" refId="ref15024" refString="Howell, S. N. G. & Webb, S. 1995. A guide to the birds of Mexico and northern Central America. Oxford Univ. Press." type="book" year="1995">Howell & Webb 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), with specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC3CB3836CAAF1B3DE4FD9C" box="[144,233,578,601]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB3836CAAF1B3DE4FD9C" box="[144,233,578,601]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from Playa Novillero (west of Acaponeta), Santiago Ixcuintla, Sauta, San Blas, Chacala and Las Varas (most from February–April, but singles from 12 May and, especially, 20 June suggest residency and opportunities for interbreeding;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC3CB383506AFD8392CFD5C" author="Phillips, A. R." box="[860,1057,641,665]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" pagination="301 - 309" refId="ref16317" refString="Phillips, A. R. 1981. Subspecies vs. forgoten species: the case of Grayson's Robin (Turdus graysoni). Wilson Bull. 93: 301 - 309." type="journal article" year="1981">Phillips 1981: 306</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6AA27E5FFC3CB383277AFD8398DFD5C" box="[1069,1152,641,665]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="6.[612,679,130,149]" captionTargetBox="[144,1159,316,1650]" captionText="TABLE 2 Mean (in mm), standard error, n (sample size), Cohen’s d and Tobias et al. (2010) scores for the taxa evaluated in this paper (the first three taken from Grant 1965a). ‘Island’ refers to the taxon from the Tres Marías Islands and ‘Mainland’ to the taxon from the adjacent mainland. The symbol ‘—’ refers to data not provided by Grant (1965a) due to small sample size or that cannot be calculated due to incomplete information." pageId="25" pageNumber="31">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
). The absence of clear distinctions in plumage between some
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC3CB38351FAFFB3E93FD7C" box="[837,926,674,697]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB38351FAFFB3E93FD7C" box="[837,926,674,697]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and other races (see above) makes it particularly difficult to identify potential hybrids based on plumage, and there is slight overlap in morphometrics, especially bill length of females (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC3CB3835A8AFB8398CFD3C" author="Grant, P. R." box="[1010,1153,737,761]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant 1965a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC3CB3836CAAE583CECFCDC" author="Montano-Rendon, M. & Sanchez-Gonzalez, L. A. & Hernandez-Alonso, G. & Navarro-Siguenza, A. G." box="[144,481,769,793]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" pagination="495 - 514" refId="ref16012" refString="Montano-Rendon, M., Sanchez-Gonzalez, L. A., Hernandez-Alonso, G. & Navarro-Siguenza, A. G. 2015. Genetic differentiation in the Mexican endemic Rufous-backed Robin, Turdus rufopalliatus (Passeriformes: Turdidae). Zootaxa 4034: 495 - 514." type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||||
Montaño-Rendón
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB38373AAE5B3C83FCDC" box="[352,398,769,793]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. (2015)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFC3CB38347AAE583E41FCDC" author="Ortiz-Ramirez, M. F. & Sanchez-Gonzalez, L. A. & Castellanos-Morales, G. & Ornelas, J. F. & Navarro-Siguenza, A. G." box="[544,844,769,793]" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" pagination="716 - 732" refId="ref16237" refString="Ortiz-Ramirez, M. F., Sanchez-Gonzalez, L. A., Castellanos-Morales, G., Ornelas, J. F. & Navarro-Siguenza, A. G. 2018. Concerted Pleistocene dispersal and genetic differentiation in passerine birds from the Tres Marias archipelago, Mexico. Auk 135: 716 - 732." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||||
Ortiz-Ramírez
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB383490AE5B3FF5FCDC" box="[714,760,769,793]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. (2018)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
apparently did not include DNA of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC3CB3836B4AE7B3C4AFCFC" box="[238,327,802,825]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB3836B4AE7B3C4AFCFC" box="[238,327,802,825]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the mainland, nor indeed of any
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC3CB3834AFAE783E75FCFC" authorityName="Lafresnaye" authorityYear="1840" box="[757,888,801,825]" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" genus="Turdus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufopalliatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB3834AFAE783E75FCFC" box="[757,888,801,825]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">rufopalliatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49ECDCBCFFC3CB3835BEAE783934FCFC" box="[996,1081,801,825]" country="Mexico" name="Nayarit" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">Nayarit</collectingRegion>
|
||||
coastal plain, where hybrids, if any, would be expected (all of their
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49ECDCBCFFC3CB383568AE183E8AFC9C" box="[818,903,833,857]" country="Mexico" name="Nayarit" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">Nayarit</collectingRegion>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC3CB3835D4AE18391CFC9C" authorityName="Lafresnaye" authorityYear="1840" box="[910,1041,833,857]" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" genus="Turdus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufopalliatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB3835D4AE18391CFC9C" box="[910,1041,833,857]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">rufopalliatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
were from a single locality in the foothills). Because the extent of hybridisation, if any, is presently unknown, we recommend further studies before concluding whether
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFC3CB3835ECAED83902FC5D" box="[950,1039,897,920]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graysoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFC3CB3835ECAED83902FC5D" box="[950,1039,897,920]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="31">graysoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
represents a species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
197
data/03/81/A3/0381A348FFCECB3736CAA8B43932FC1C.xml
Normal file
197
data/03/81/A3/0381A348FFCECB3736CAA8B43932FC1C.xml
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
|
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<mods:end id="6C952DA2B3091E6096E8E13F973BFBCB">37</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="04825CFDE17EC2B73E410BB8B33E4724">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="FF002FE2E9E03E5C0587681CAC4E10B3" type="DOI">10.25226/bboc.v140i1.2020.a3</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="3FDD30891315B5ACF04036157BDD0008" type="ISSN">2513-9894</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="652890EAAD3797CFC6A5CEC7E9112167" type="Zenodo-Dep">13755707</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="0381A348FFCECB3736CAA8B43932FC1C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0381A348FFCECB3736CAA8B43932FC1C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0381A348FFCECB3736CAA8B43932FC1C" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
<heading id="D0DFA532FFCECB3536CAA8B43E83F9C0" box="[144,910,1517,1541]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="26" reason="2">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C33241D5FFCECB3536CAA8B43FC5F9C0" box="[144,712,1517,1541]" pageId="20" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFCECB3536CAA8B43FC5F9C0" blockId="20.[144,1164,1517,1701]" box="[144,712,1517,1541]" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCECB3536CAA8B43CAEF9C0" bold="true" box="[144,419,1517,1541]" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">WHITE-TIPPED DOVE</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCECB3537F0A8B43FC5F9C0" ID-CoL="5JBN3" authorityName="Nelson" authorityYear="1898" box="[426,712,1517,1541]" class="Aves" family="Columbidae" genus="Leptotila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Columbiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="verreauxi" subSpecies="capitalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCECB3537F0A8B43FC5F9C0" box="[426,712,1517,1541]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">Leptotila verreauxi capitalis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C33241D5FFCECB373494A8B43932FC1C" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="20" pageNumber="26" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFCECB353494A8B43E83F9C0" blockId="20.[144,1164,1517,1701]" box="[718,910,1517,1541]" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
(vs.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCECB3534A7A8B73E8BF9C0" box="[765,902,1517,1541]" class="Aves" family="Columbidae" genus="Leptotila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Columbiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="variety" species="verreauxi" variety="angelica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCECB3534A7A8B73E8BF9C0" box="[765,902,1517,1541]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">L. v. angelica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFCECB3736CAAB543ED3FEFC" blockId="20.[144,1164,1517,1701]" lastBlockId="22.[144,1165,129,985]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCECB3536CAAB543DF1F9E0" box="[144,252,1549,1573]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">Coloration</emphasis>
|
||||
.—Breast colour ‘paler and less red’ in all specimens (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCECB35350BAB543ED6F9E0" author="Grant, P. R." box="[849,987,1549,1573]" pageId="20" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant 1965a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFCECB3535BFAB543931F9E0" box="[997,1084,1549,1573]" count="25" pageId="20" pageNumber="26" type="male">25 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFCECB353229AB543DD6F980" count="21" pageId="20" pageNumber="26" type="female">21 female</specimenCount>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCECB3536BBAB743C3BF980" box="[225,310,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">capitalis</emphasis>
|
||||
vs.
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFCECB353739AB743CB7F980" box="[355,442,1581,1605]" count="32" pageId="20" pageNumber="26" type="male">32 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFCECB3537A8AB743F50F980" box="[498,605,1581,1605]" count="12" pageId="20" pageNumber="26" type="female">12 female</specimenCount>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCECB353439AB743FBBF980" box="[611,694,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">angelica</emphasis>
|
||||
), although the single darkest
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCECB35325FAB743957F980" box="[1029,1114,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">capitalis</emphasis>
|
||||
was almost indistinguishable from the single palest
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCECB3534FCAB143FF4F9A0" box="[678,761,1613,1637]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">angelica</emphasis>
|
||||
. Also, 50% of island specimens had more extensive white throats than in all mainland birds, 75% of island birds had fewer and paler brown feathers on the thighs and flanks than 100% of mainland birds, and in
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCECB353217ABD7395AF960" box="[1101,1111,1678,1701]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="26">c</emphasis>
|
||||
.75% of island birds the vinous breast colour extended less far onto the belly than approximately 75% of mainland birds; ‘hence island birds appear to have a larger, white abdomen’ (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCFCB343210AB1F3DDEF9B8" author="Grant, P. R." pageId="21" pageNumber="27" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant 1965a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The face is whiter due to the ear-coverts being white or whitish vs. usually pale pinkish grey, and because the white forehead reaches further posteriorly and contrasts sharply with the hindcrown / nape / postocular area (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFCCCB373553ADD83E54FF5C" box="[777,857,129,153]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="21.[144,205,1446,1465]" captionTargetBox="[144,1164,129,1430]" captionTargetId="figure-130@21.[144,1164,694,1433]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 17. Above: White-tipped Dove Leptotila verreauxi angelica, Cruz de Huanacaxtle, Nayarit, Mexico, April 2019 (Marie O’Neill), below: L. v. capitalis, Isla María Cleofas, May 2016; note the contrasting white forecrown and cheeks, extensively whitish underparts, and darker brown back, wings and tail (Mónica G. Pérez Villafaña)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755735" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755735/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCCCB373532ADD83EF4FF5C" author="Nelson, E. W." box="[872,1017,129,153]" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" pagination="5 - 11" refId="ref16130" refString="Nelson, E. W. 1898. Descriptions of new birds from the Tres Marias Islands, western Mexico. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 72: 5 - 11." type="journal article" year="1898">Nelson 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The whiter face recalls
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F33F52CEFFCCCB373748ADF83C7EFF7C" box="[274,371,161,185]" name="Grenada" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">Grenada</collectingCountry>
|
||||
Dove
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCCCB3737E7ADFB3F19FF7C" baseAuthorityName="Lawrence" baseAuthorityYear="1884" box="[445,532,161,185]" class="Aves" family="Columbidae" genus="Leptotila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Columbiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wellsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB3737E7ADFB3F19FF7C" box="[445,532,161,185]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">L. wellsi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and both that and the more extensive white underparts resemble Caribbean Dove
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCCCB37379CAD9B3F56FF1C" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1788" box="[454,603,194,217]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Buteo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB37379CAD9B3F56FF1C" box="[454,603,194,217]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">L. jamaicensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. However, unlike those species, the ear-coverts and forehead / forecrown contrast with a pink rather than blue-grey hindcrown / nape / postocular area. Half of
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCCCB3737FEAC583F42FEDC" author="Grant, P. R." box="[420,591,257,281]" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant’s (1965a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB373402AC583FA0FEDC" box="[600,685,257,281]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">capitalis</emphasis>
|
||||
sample was darker dorsally than 100% of his
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB3736EDAC783C07FEFC" box="[183,266,289,313]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">angelica</emphasis>
|
||||
sample, consistent with
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCCCB37347BAC783FEFFEFC" author="Ridgway, R." box="[545,738,289,313]" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 543" refId="ref16832" refString="Ridgway, R. 1916. The birds of North and Middle America. Bull. US Natl. Mus. 50 (7): 1 - 543." type="journal article" year="1916">Ridgway’s (1916)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
diagnosis and
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFCCCB3735D7AC783ED7FEFC" box="[909,986,289,313]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="21.[144,205,1446,1465]" captionTargetBox="[144,1164,129,1430]" captionTargetId="figure-130@21.[144,1164,694,1433]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 17. Above: White-tipped Dove Leptotila verreauxi angelica, Cruz de Huanacaxtle, Nayarit, Mexico, April 2019 (Marie O’Neill), below: L. v. capitalis, Isla María Cleofas, May 2016; note the contrasting white forecrown and cheeks, extensively whitish underparts, and darker brown back, wings and tail (Mónica G. Pérez Villafaña)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755735" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755735/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF5742D6FFCFCB3436CAA8FF3C2BF9C1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755735" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13755735" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755735/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="27" startId="21.[144,205,1446,1465]" targetBox="[144,1164,129,1430]" targetPageId="21" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFCFCB3436CAA8FF3C2BF9C1" blockId="21.[144,1165,1446,1540]" pageId="21" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
Figure 17. Above: White-tipped Dove
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCFCB343453A8FF3ED2FA7C" authority=", Cruz de Huanacaxtle" authorityName="Cruz de Huanacaxtle" box="[521,991,1446,1466]" class="Aves" family="Columbidae" genus="Leptotila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Columbiformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="verreauxi" subSpecies="angelica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCFCB343453A8FF3FF3FA7C" box="[521,766,1446,1465]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="27">Leptotila verreauxi angelica</emphasis>
|
||||
, Cruz de Huanacaxtle
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Nayarit, Mexico, April 2019 (Marie O’Neill), below:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCFCB3437B9A8993F56FA17" authorityName="Nelson" authorityYear="1898" box="[483,603,1471,1490]" class="Aves" family="Columbidae" genus="Leptotila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Columbiformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="variety" species="verreauxi" variety="capitalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCFCB3437B9A8993F56FA17" box="[483,603,1471,1490]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="27">L. v. capitalis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Isla María Cleofas, May 2016; note the contrasting white forecrown and cheeks, extensively whitish underparts, and darker brown back, wings and tail (Mónica G. Pérez Villafaña)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFCCCB37369AAC183E43FE7D" blockId="22.[144,1165,129,985]" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB37369AAC183C50FE9C" box="[192,349,321,345]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">Morphometrics</emphasis>
|
||||
.—Wing, tarsus and bill longer (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCCCB37349DAC183E5FFE9C" author="Grant, P. R." box="[711,850,321,345]" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant 1965a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; largest effect size is for bill length of females, score 2) whereas the tail of females is shorter, and in both sexes the white on the tail tip is slightly shorter (score 1). The presence vs. absence of sexual dimorphism in tail length is a further difference between
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB37343DACF83FB1FE7C" box="[615,700,417,441]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">capitalis</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB3734AFACF83E45FE7C" box="[757,840,417,441]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">angelica</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFCCCB37369AAC9B3932FC1C" blockId="22.[144,1165,129,985]" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB37369AAC9B3CBCFE1C" box="[192,433,449,473]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">Reasons for uncertainty</emphasis>
|
||||
.—The whiter underparts and face of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB373514AC983EAEFE1C" box="[846,931,449,473]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">capitalis</emphasis>
|
||||
resemble
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCCCB373248AC9B3DD5FE3C" authorityName="Salvin" authorityYear="1895" class="Aves" family="Columbidae" genus="Leptotila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Columbiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="verreauxi" subSpecies="decolor">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB373248AC9B3DD5FE3C" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">L. verreauxi decolor</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCCCB3736B3ACBB3C8EFE3C" box="[233,387,481,505]" class="Aves" family="Columbidae" genus="Leptotila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Columbiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="variety" variety="decipiens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB3736B3ACBB3C8EFE3C" box="[233,387,481,505]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">L. v. decipiens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and some
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCCCB373453ACBB3FAAFE3C" box="[521,679,482,505]" class="Aves" family="Columbidae" genus="Leptotila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Columbiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="variety" variety="verreauxi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB373453ACBB3FAAFE3C" box="[521,679,482,505]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">L. v. verreauxi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(e.g. hbw.com/ibc/1016351 and hbw.com/ ibc/996812 from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F33F52CEFFCCCB37371DAF583CB2FDDC" box="[327,447,513,537]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, hbw.com/ibc/980837 from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F33F52CEFFCCCB3734AAAF583E50FDDC" box="[752,861,513,537]" name="Colombia" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and hbw.com/ibc/1086049, hbw.com/ibc/1002421 but not darker hbw.com/ibc/1002417 from the Lesser Antilles). Occasional White-tipped Doves from scatered localities in mainland
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F33F52CEFFCCCB373593AF183916FD9C" box="[969,1051,577,601]" name="Mexico" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||||
resemble
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB3736CAAF383DE5FDBC" box="[144,232,609,633]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">capitalis</emphasis>
|
||||
(e.g. htps://macaulaylibrary.org/asset/55312471, htps://macaulaylibrary.org/ asset/57930541, htps://macaulaylibrary.org/asset/57744481, and htps://macaulaylibrary. org/asset/39082171) at least in some features (e.g., htps://macaulaylibrary.org/asset/25545561 with whitish ear-coverts but forehead / forecrown showing litle contrast; or htps:// macaulaylibrary.org/asset/43367021 with forecrown less extensive and pinker breast, or htps://macaulaylibrary.org/asset/32166601 with very whitish flanks but strongly pinkish breast, malar region and ear-coverts). We hypothesise that the mutation(s) responsible for a whitish face and underparts contrasting with the mid-crown / nape / postocular area have arisen independently several times in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCCCB373460AE383F99FCBC" authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1837" box="[570,660,865,889]" class="Aves" family="Columbidae" genus="Leptotila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Columbiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB373460AE383F99FCBC" box="[570,660,865,889]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">Leptotila</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, becoming fixed in
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB37352BAE383ECBFCBC" box="[881,966,865,889]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">capitalis</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB373589AE383916FCBC" box="[979,1051,865,889]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">decolor</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB373272AE383988FCBC" box="[1064,1157,865,889]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">decipiens</emphasis>
|
||||
, Caribbean and
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F33F52CEFFCCCB373718AED83CAEFC5C" box="[322,419,897,921]" name="Grenada" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">Grenada</collectingCountry>
|
||||
Doves, but not in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCCCB3734D9AEDB3E12FC5D" box="[643,799,897,921]" class="Aves" family="Columbidae" genus="Leptotila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Columbiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="variety" variety="verreauxi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB3734D9AEDB3E12FC5D" box="[643,799,897,921]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">L. v. verreauxi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or other races, similar to other known cases of ‘parallel speciation’ (e.g.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFCCCB373402AEF83E2AFC7C" author="Cooper, E. A. & Uy, J. A. C." box="[600,807,929,953]" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" pagination="3760 - 3774" refId="ref13906" refString="Cooper, E. A. & Uy, J. A. C. 2017. Genomic evidence for convergent evolution of a key trait underlying divergence in island birds. Mol. Ecol. 26: 3760 - 3774." type="journal article" year="2017">Cooper & Uy 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and references therein). Clearly more research is needed to understand colour variation in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFCCCB37357EAE9B3EACFC1D" authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1855" box="[804,929,961,985]" class="Aves" family="Columbidae" genus="Leptotila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Columbiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verreauxi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFCCCB37357EAE9B3EACFC1D" box="[804,929,961,985]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="28">L. verreauxi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and relatives.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
141
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141
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|
|
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<mods:title id="5D686A3B7C8A2F0C12ECAEEFA1BA213B">Are some of the birds endemic to the Tres Marías Islands (Mexico) species?</mods:title>
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<treatment id="0381A348FFD4CB2F36CAAE783CBEF9BC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0381A348FFD4CB2F36CAAE783CBEF9BC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0381A348FFD4CB2F36CAAE783CBEF9BC" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="14" pageNumber="20">
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<paragraph id="8B97125EFFD4CB2F36CAAE783FF0FCFC" blockId="14.[144,1165,801,1657]" box="[144,765,801,825]" pageId="14" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFD4CB2F36CAAE783CA7FCFC" bold="true" box="[144,426,801,825]" pageId="14" pageNumber="20">RED-BREASTED CHAT</emphasis>
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFD4CB2F37EBAE783FF0FCFC" ID-CoL="5HJH6" authorityName="S. F. Baird" authorityYear="1865" box="[433,765,801,825]" class="Aves" family="Cardinalidae" genus="Granatellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="venustus" subSpecies="francescae">
|
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<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFD4CB2F37EBAE783FF0FCFC" box="[433,765,801,825]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="20">Granatellus venustus francescae</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C33241D5FFD4CB2F3559AE783CBEF9BC" pageId="14" pageNumber="20" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="8B97125EFFD4CB2F3559AE783953FCFC" blockId="14.[144,1165,801,1657]" box="[771,1118,801,825]" pageId="14" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
(vs.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFD4CB2F3568AE783EC5FCFC" box="[818,968,801,825]" class="Aves" family="Cardinalidae" genus="Granatellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="variety" variety="venustus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFD4CB2F3568AE783EC5FCFC" box="[818,968,801,825]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="20">G. v. venustus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
total score 8)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFD4CB2F36CAAE183E63FBFC" blockId="14.[144,1165,801,1657]" pageId="14" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
Scored 7 by del
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFD4CB2F371DAE183F36FC9C" author="Hoyo, J. & Collar, N. J." box="[327,571,833,857]" pageId="14" pageNumber="20" refId="ref15092" refString="del Hoyo, J. & Collar, N. J. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International illustrated checklist of the birds of the world, vol. 2. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona." type="journal volume" year="2016">Hoyo & Collar (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
based on the lack of black breast-band of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFD4CB2F3244AE18398BFC9C" authorityName="Baird" authorityYear="1865" box="[1054,1158,833,857]" class="Aves" family="Cardinalidae" genus="Granatellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="francescae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFD4CB2F3244AE18398BFC9C" box="[1054,1158,833,857]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="20">francescae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, presence of a white hindcollar, grey of crown extending over nape, tail much longer, and a few additional characters that they did not score.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFD4CB2F348DAED83E64FC5C" author="Grant, P. R." box="[727,873,897,921]" pageId="14" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant (1965a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, based on
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFD4CB2F35B8AED83934FC5C" box="[994,1081,897,921]" count="29" pageId="14" pageNumber="20" type="male">29 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFD4CB2F3229AED83DD6FC7C" count="18" pageId="14" pageNumber="20" type="female">18 female</specimenCount>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFD4CB2F36BFAEF83C40FC7C" authorityName="Baird" authorityYear="1865" box="[229,333,929,953]" class="Aves" family="Cardinalidae" genus="Granatellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="francescae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFD4CB2F36BFAEF83C40FC7C" box="[229,333,929,953]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="20">francescae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
vs.
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFD4CB2F3725AEF83CD7FC7C" box="[383,474,929,953]" count="24" pageId="14" pageNumber="20" type="male">24 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D2ED9D7FFD4CB2F3442AEF83F8BFC7C" box="[536,646,929,953]" count="14" pageId="14" pageNumber="20" type="female">14 female</specimenCount>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFD4CB2F34CAAEFB3FE1FC7C" authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1850" box="[656,748,930,953]" class="Aves" family="Cardinalidae" genus="Granatellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venustus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFD4CB2F34CAAEFB3FE1FC7C" box="[656,748,930,953]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="20">venustus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) found that the lack of breast-band differentiated 79% of his sample of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFD4CB2F341AAE983FA5FC1C" authorityName="Baird" authorityYear="1865" box="[576,680,961,985]" class="Aves" family="Cardinalidae" genus="Granatellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="francescae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFD4CB2F341AAE983FA5FC1C" box="[576,680,961,985]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="20">francescae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from 94% of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFD4CB2F350FAE9B3EBCFC1C" authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1850" box="[853,945,962,985]" class="Aves" family="Cardinalidae" genus="Granatellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venustus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFD4CB2F350FAE9B3EBCFC1C" box="[853,945,962,985]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="20">venustus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFD4CB2F359FAE98395FFC1C" author="Grant, P. R." box="[965,1106,961,985]" pageId="14" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant 1965a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
also observed in both taxa that, rarely, a breast-band is present but masked by overlying white feathers). Therefore, this character does not differentiate the taxa completely, and we did not score it, although we believe that it is an important character.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFD4CB2F369AA9183C0CFB7C" blockId="14.[144,1165,801,1657]" pageId="14" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
Del
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFD4CB2F36B7A9183CFFFB9C" author="Hoyo, J. & Collar, N. J." box="[237,498,1089,1113]" pageId="14" pageNumber="20" refId="ref15092" refString="del Hoyo, J. & Collar, N. J. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International illustrated checklist of the birds of the world, vol. 2. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona." type="journal volume" year="2016">Hoyo and Collar (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
included scores for ‘white hindcollar formed by continuing white postocular stripe (at least 1), grey of crown extending over nape (1)’. We think they assigned two scores for what is essentially a single character (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFD4CB2F351CA9D83E99FB5C" box="[838,916,1153,1177]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="15.[786,849,432,451]" captionTargetBox="[144,1164,129,416]" captionTargetId="figure-222@15.[144,1164,129,416]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 10. Comparison of the nape and presence / absence of the white hindcollar in male Red-breasted Chat Granatellus venustus: above, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México specimen of G. v. venustus (Héctor Gómez de Silva); below, G. v. francescae, Isla María Cleofas, May 2016 (Mónica G. Pérez Villafaña)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755723" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755723/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="20">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||||
), to which we apply a score of 2.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFD4CB2F369AA9983CBEF9BC" blockId="14.[144,1165,801,1657]" pageId="14" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
Whereas del
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFD4CB2F3700A9983F58FB1C" author="Hoyo, J. & Collar, N. J." box="[346,597,1217,1241]" pageId="14" pageNumber="20" refId="ref15092" refString="del Hoyo, J. & Collar, N. J. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International illustrated checklist of the birds of the world, vol. 2. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona." type="journal volume" year="2016">Hoyo & Collar (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
mention, but did not score, ‘pink of underparts generally slightly paler and less extensive’,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFD4CB2F34C4A9B83E31FB3C" author="Grant, P. R." box="[670,828,1249,1273]" pageId="14" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant (1965a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
stated that ‘the majority of both mainland and island samples of adult males had approximately the same amount of red ventrally. A few island specimens were observed to have less, and a few mainland specimens more, than this.’ It is unclear whether this character should be scored. However, we would score the colour of the underparts of immature males;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFD4CB2F3534A8383904FABC" author="Grant, P. R." box="[878,1033,1377,1401]" pageId="14" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant (1965a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, based on a sample of perhaps
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFD4CB2F373CA8D83C79FA5D" box="[358,372,1409,1432]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="20">n</emphasis>
|
||||
= 8 vs.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFD4CB2F3790A8D83CD5FA5D" box="[458,472,1409,1432]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="20">n</emphasis>
|
||||
= 6, reported that immature males differ in having almost no red on the underparts in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFD4CB2F37EBA8F83F14FA7C" authorityName="Baird" authorityYear="1865" box="[433,537,1441,1465]" class="Aves" family="Cardinalidae" genus="Granatellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="francescae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFD4CB2F37EBA8F83F14FA7C" box="[433,537,1441,1465]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="20">francescae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(and in his sample no trace of a black breast-band) vs. much red on the underparts and a complete breast-band (score 2). Based on
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFD4CB2F35B9A8983981FA1C" author="Grant, P. R." box="[995,1164,1473,1497]" pageId="14" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant’s (1965a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
data the relative amount of white on the outermost rectrix (measured as the length of the white patch on r6 / length of r6) merits a score of 2, but we conservatively score it 1. Whereas del
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFD4CB2F36E2AB783CA9F9FC" author="Hoyo, J. & Collar, N. J." box="[184,420,1569,1593]" pageId="14" pageNumber="20" refId="ref15092" refString="del Hoyo, J. & Collar, N. J. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International illustrated checklist of the birds of the world, vol. 2. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona." type="journal volume" year="2016">Hoyo & Collar (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
afforded a score of 2 for ‘tail much longer’, measurements in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFD4CB2F3211AB783DD2F99C" author="Grant, P. R." pageId="14" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant (1965a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
indicate that the score of 2 applies equally to wing, tarsus and tail lengths, but bill length is shorter (score 1).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,59 +1,60 @@
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<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFD7CB2C36CAAF183F08FD9C" bold="true" box="[144,517,577,601]" pageId="13" pageNumber="19">CINNAMON HUMMINGBIRD</emphasis>
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@ -98,7 +99,7 @@ at IBUNAM is as dark as the underparts of
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<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFD7CB2C34CFAE5B3FE3FCDC" box="[661,750,770,793]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="19">graysoni</emphasis>
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, but the chin and throat, and often asymmetrical patches on the breast, are always paler (
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<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFD7CB2C34B4AE783E23FCFC" box="[750,814,801,825]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="13.[144,205,1566,1585]" captionTargetBox="[144,1164,975,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-410@13.[144,1164,972,1552]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 9. Two specimens of Cinnamon Hummingbird Amazilia rutila graysoni (below) compared with two specimens of A. r. rutila (above); note the considerable difference in size. The second specimen from the top is the darkest-throated A. r. rutila at Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; the right side of its throat is paler than the left, and thus more like the typical colour of the subspecies (Héctor Gómez de Silva)" pageId="13" pageNumber="19">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFD7CB2C34B4AE783E23FCFC" box="[750,814,801,825]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="13.[144,205,1566,1585]" captionTargetBox="[144,1164,975,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-410@13.[144,1164,972,1552]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 9. Two specimens of Cinnamon Hummingbird Amazilia rutila graysoni (below) compared with two specimens of A. r. rutila (above); note the considerable difference in size. The second specimen from the top is the darkest-throated A. r. rutila at Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; the right side of its throat is paler than the left, and thus more like the typical colour of the subspecies (Héctor Gómez de Silva)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755721" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755721/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="19">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFD7CB2C351BAE783ED5FCFC" author="Grant, P. R." box="[833,984,801,825]" pageId="13" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant (1965a)</bibRefCitation>
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also mentioned that the upperparts are ‘dark green or even red-bronze’ vs. ‘paler green, and in those which have a bronze colour it is always yellow-green, never red’, and that the ‘tips’ (
|
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|
|
@ -113,7 +114,7 @@ vs. paler, bright greenish bronze in 90% of
|
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</taxonomicName>
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specimens (score at least 1). The underpart colours in these taxa are based on the intensity of cinnamon pigmentation whereas the upperpart colours (as in iridescent colours of hummingbirds generally) are based on a combination of melanin and feather nanostructure; therefore we score 1 for underparts colour and 1 for upperparts colour.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B97125EFFD7CB2C36CAAB473C26F951" blockId="13.[144,1164,1566,1684]" pageId="13" pageNumber="19">
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Figure 9. Two specimens of Cinnamon Hummingbird
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<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFD7CB2C34C4AB473E7AF9F5" authorityName="Cinnamon Hummingbird" authorityYear="2013" box="[670,887,1566,1585]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Amazilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="rutila" subSpecies="graysoni">
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@ -1,59 +1,60 @@
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<mods:namePart id="50BE5750FF56BBC07BE3F8BB05064BC4">Silva, Héctor Gómez de</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="782BAA534C67F40F9D3DB594A4F21E55">Pérez Villafaña, Mónica G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BA7643B38E6AB8108DEC42BA2948557C">Cruz-Nieto, Javier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D3E5CC76B0C872D5EDB4B97E69495F48">Cruz-Nieto, Miguel Ángel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="50730B4AAF73864F5E7B22DED6F39F5C">Cruz-Nieto, Miguel Ángel</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="0381A348FFDFCB2C36CAA9193EACFDDC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0381A348FFDFCB2C36CAA9193EACFDDC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0381A348FFDFCB2C36CAA9193EACFDDC" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">
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<paragraph id="8B97125EFFDFCB2436CAA9193E8AFB9D" blockId="5.[144,1165,1088,1688]" box="[144,903,1088,1112]" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">
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|
|
@ -73,7 +74,7 @@ total score 8).
|
|||
Scored 9 by del
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFDFCB243764A9D93F27FB5D" author="Hoyo, J. & Collar, N. J." box="[318,554,1152,1176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" refId="ref15056" refString="del Hoyo, J. & Collar, N. J. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International illustrated checklist of the birds of the world, vol. 1. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona." type="journal volume" year="2014">Hoyo & Collar (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
based on colours of throat (‘glitering turquoise-green’ vs. ‘sapphire-blue’), breast (‘greeny-bronze’ vs. ‘turquoise-blue’) and undertail-coverts (‘whitish-edged darkish-grey’ vs. ‘pale grey-white’), and slightly shorter bill (most of these characters are visible in
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFDFCB2437F3A9B93F1FFB3D" box="[425,530,1248,1272]" captionStart-0="Figure 2" captionStart-1="Figure 3" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="9.[559,620,1399,1418]" captionStartId-1="10.[144,205,979,998]" captionStartId-2="10.[144,176,1620,1639]" captionTargetBox-1="[144,1164,127,931]" captionTargetBox-2="[144,1164,1092,1604]" captionTargetId-1="figure-72@10.[144,1164,127,966]" captionTargetId-2="figure-127@10.[144,1164,1092,1604]" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionText-0="Figure 2. Male Broad-billed Hummingbird Cynanthus latirostris lawrencei, Isla María Cleofas, May 2016 (Javier Cruz Nieto)" captionText-1="Figure 3. Throat colours of Broad-billed Hummingbird Cynanthus latirostris specimens in the Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México collection, on left: two C. l. magicus, right: two C. l. lawrencei; the apparently larger size and bills of the lawrencei specimens are an artefact of the photograph (Héctor Gómez de Silva)" captionText-2="Fig. 4. Typical undertail-coverts colour of male Broad-billed Hummingbird Cynanthus latirostris magicus (two specimens at left) and C. l. lawrencei (two specimens at right), from specimens in the Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México collection (Héctor Gómez de Silva)" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Figs. 2–4</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFDFCB2437F3A9B93F1FFB3D" box="[425,530,1248,1272]" captionStart-0="Figure 2" captionStart-1="Figure 3" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="9.[559,620,1399,1418]" captionStartId-1="10.[144,205,979,998]" captionStartId-2="10.[144,176,1620,1639]" captionTargetBox-1="[144,1164,127,931]" captionTargetBox-2="[144,1164,1092,1604]" captionTargetId-1="figure-72@10.[144,1164,127,966]" captionTargetId-2="figure-127@10.[144,1164,1092,1604]" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionText-0="Figure 2. Male Broad-billed Hummingbird Cynanthus latirostris lawrencei, Isla María Cleofas, May 2016 (Javier Cruz Nieto)" captionText-1="Figure 3. Throat colours of Broad-billed Hummingbird Cynanthus latirostris specimens in the Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México collection, on left: two C. l. magicus, right: two C. l. lawrencei; the apparently larger size and bills of the lawrencei specimens are an artefact of the photograph (Héctor Gómez de Silva)" captionText-2="Fig. 4. Typical undertail-coverts colour of male Broad-billed Hummingbird Cynanthus latirostris magicus (two specimens at left) and C. l. lawrencei (two specimens at right), from specimens in the Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México collection (Héctor Gómez de Silva)" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755711" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755713" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13755711/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13755713/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="11">Figs. 2–4</figureCitation>
|
||||
). However, the throat and breast characters, which del
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFDFCB2436CAA8593C72FADD" author="Hoyo, J. & Collar, N. J." box="[144,383,1280,1304]" pageId="5" pageNumber="11" refId="ref15056" refString="del Hoyo, J. & Collar, N. J. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International illustrated checklist of the birds of the world, vol. 1. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona." type="journal volume" year="2014">Hoyo & Collar (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
scored separately, could be viewed as a single character (less blue on iridescence of throat and breast), and we could not clearly discern the difference in breast colour in IBUNAM specimens. Therefore we ignore the breast colour character (thereby ‘losing’ two points), but this enables a further colour character to be scored.
|
||||
|
|
@ -442,10 +443,10 @@ while,
|
|||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFD6CB2D35C6AB423ED0F9F7" box="[924,989,1563,1586]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="18">contra</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFD6CB2D35B3AB433985F9F7" author="Grant, P. R." box="[1001,1160,1562,1586]" pageId="12" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref14491" refString="Grant, P. R. 1965 a. A systematic study of the terrestrial birds of the Tres Marias Islands, Mexico. Postilla 90: 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1965">Grant (1965a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, MLZ 41912 has the anterior feathers grey-brown and the posterior undertail-coverts very pale whitish grey (like the IBUNAM material in
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFD6CB2D34ECAB033FFBF9B7" box="[694,758,1626,1650]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[855,916,130,149]" captionTargetBox="[144,840,129,1535]" captionTargetId="figure-197@11.[144,840,824,1537]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Two specimens of male Broad-billed Hummingbirds Cynanthus latirostris with similarly grey anterior undertailcoverts and white or whitish posterior undertail-coverts; above C. l. magicus, below, C. l. lawrencei (Héctor Gómez de Silva)" pageId="12" pageNumber="18">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFD6CB2D34ECAB033FFBF9B7" box="[694,758,1626,1650]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[855,916,130,149]" captionTargetBox="[144,840,129,1535]" captionTargetId="figure-197@11.[144,840,824,1537]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Two specimens of male Broad-billed Hummingbirds Cynanthus latirostris with similarly grey anterior undertailcoverts and white or whitish posterior undertail-coverts; above C. l. magicus, below, C. l. lawrencei (Héctor Gómez de Silva)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755715" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755715/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="18">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
; MLZ specimen photos, courtesy of J. Maley).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF5742D6FFD0CB2B36CAAE8A3C75FBF4" pageId="10" pageNumber="16" startId="10.[144,205,979,998]" targetBox="[144,1164,127,931]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
|
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<caption id="DF5742D6FFD0CB2B36CAAE8A3C75FBF4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755711" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13755711" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755711/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="16" startId="10.[144,205,979,998]" targetBox="[144,1164,127,931]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8B97125EFFD0CB2B36CAAE8A3C75FBF4" blockId="10.[144,1165,979,1073]" pageId="10" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
Figure 3. Throat colours of Broad-billed Hummingbird
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFD0CB2B34F7AE8A3E64FC23" authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1827" box="[685,873,979,998]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Cynanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latirostris">
|
||||
|
|
@ -465,7 +466,7 @@ C. l.
|
|||
specimens are an artefact of the photograph (Héctor Gómez de Silva)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF5742D6FFD0CB2B36CAAB0D3E8DF95C" pageId="10" pageNumber="16" startId="10.[144,176,1620,1639]" targetBox="[144,1164,1092,1604]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
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<caption id="DF5742D6FFD0CB2B36CAAB0D3E8DF95C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755713" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13755713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755713/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="16" startId="10.[144,176,1620,1639]" targetBox="[144,1164,1092,1604]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8B97125EFFD0CB2B36CAAB0D3E8DF95C" blockId="10.[144,1165,1620,1689]" pageId="10" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
Fig. 4. Typical undertail-coverts colour of male Broad-billed Hummingbird
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFD0CB2B350CAB0D3951F9A2" baseAuthorityName="Mulsant & J. Verreaux" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[854,1116,1620,1639]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Cynanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="latirostris" subSpecies="magicus">
|
||||
|
|
@ -479,7 +480,7 @@ C. l.
|
|||
(two specimens at right), from specimens in the Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México collection (Héctor Gómez de Silva)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF5742D6FFD1CB2A350DADDB3E81FE9E" pageId="11" pageNumber="17" startId="11.[855,916,130,149]" targetBox="[144,840,129,1535]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<caption id="DF5742D6FFD1CB2A350DADDB3E81FE9E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755715" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13755715" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755715/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="17" startId="11.[855,916,130,149]" targetBox="[144,840,129,1535]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFD1CB2A350DADDB3E81FE9E" blockId="11.[855,1165,129,347]" pageId="11" pageNumber="17">
|
||||
Figure 5. Two specimens of male Broad-billed Hummingbirds
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFD1CB2A350DADEA3931FF03" authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1827" box="[855,1084,179,198]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Cynanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latirostris">
|
||||
|
|
@ -504,7 +505,7 @@ Figure 6. Mainland specimens of male Broad-billed Hummingbird
|
|||
with grey undertail-coverts (usually white or whitish) (Héctor Gómez de Silva)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF5742D6FFD6CB2D36CAAF3C3E74FD6F" pageId="12" pageNumber="18" startId="12.[144,205,613,632]" targetBox="[195,1164,129,574]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
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<caption id="DF5742D6FFD6CB2D36CAAF3C3E74FD6F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755717" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13755717" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755717/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="18" startId="12.[144,205,613,632]" targetBox="[195,1164,129,574]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8B97125EFFD6CB2D36CAAF3C3E74FD6F" blockId="12.[144,1164,613,682]" pageId="12" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
Figure 7. Presumed hybrid Broad-billed Hummingbird
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFD6CB2D34E7AF3C3EEEFDBD" box="[701,995,613,632]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Cynanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="lawrencei" subSpecies="magicus">
|
||||
|
|
@ -521,7 +522,7 @@ specimen in the Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Méxic
|
|||
-like white-edged grey undertail-coverts (Héctor Gómez de Silva)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF5742D6FFD6CB2D36CAA8943F3CFA3D" pageId="12" pageNumber="18" startId="12.[144,205,1485,1504]" targetBox="[144,1164,713,1469]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<caption id="DF5742D6FFD6CB2D36CAA8943F3CFA3D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755719" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13755719" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755719/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="18" startId="12.[144,205,1485,1504]" targetBox="[144,1164,713,1469]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFD6CB2D36CAA8943F3CFA3D" blockId="12.[144,1164,1485,1529]" pageId="12" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
Figure 8. Presumed hybrid Broad-billed Hummingbird
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2869DDFFD6CB2D34FCA8943ECDFA1A" box="[678,960,1485,1504]" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Cynanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="lawrencei" subSpecies="magicus">
|
||||
|
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@ -544,7 +545,7 @@ Among mainland specimens at IBUNAM,
|
|||
- like shorter bill and undertail-coverts colour, but a
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFD7CB2C34B9AD9B3E35FF1C" box="[739,824,194,217]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="19">magicus</emphasis>
|
||||
-like blue throat (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFD7CB2C3259AD98394BFF1C" box="[1027,1094,193,217]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[144,205,613,632]" captionTargetBox="[195,1164,129,574]" captionTargetId="figure-136@12.[144,1164,126,600]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Presumed hybrid Broad-billed Hummingbird Cynanthus lawrencei × magicus specimen in the Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México collection; note magicus-like blue throat and lawrencei-like white-edged grey undertail-coverts (Héctor Gómez de Silva)" pageId="13" pageNumber="19">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFD7CB2C3259AD98394BFF1C" box="[1027,1094,193,217]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[144,205,613,632]" captionTargetBox="[195,1164,129,574]" captionTargetId="figure-136@12.[144,1164,126,600]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Presumed hybrid Broad-billed Hummingbird Cynanthus lawrencei × magicus specimen in the Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México collection; note magicus-like blue throat and lawrencei-like white-edged grey undertail-coverts (Héctor Gómez de Silva)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755717" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755717/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="19">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||||
). This is consistent with the observation that hybrids between hummingbirds of the ‘emerald’ group (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFD7CB2C36BFAC5B3C12FEDC" box="[229,287,258,281]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="19">sensu</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB96FAFFFD7CB2C377DAC583F0FFEDC" author="McGuire, J. A. & Wit, C. C. & Remsen, J. V. & Corl, A. & Rabosky, D. L. & Altshuler D. L. & Dudley, R." box="[295,514,257,281]" pageId="13" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 7" refId="ref15814" refString="McGuire, J. A., Wit, C. C., Remsen, J. V., Corl, A., Rabosky, D. L., Altshuler D. L. & Dudley, R. 2014. Molecular phylogenetics and the diversification of hummingbirds. Current Biol. 24: 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||||
|
|
@ -568,7 +569,7 @@ and
|
|||
<emphasis id="B95CCE4CFFD7CB2C3538AC383EC9FEBC" box="[866,964,353,377]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="19">lawrencei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, namely the deep blue throat and blue-green breast / belly of the former with the undertail-coverts of the later (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFD7CB2C36CDACF83DDAFE7C" box="[151,215,417,441]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="12.[144,205,1485,1504]" captionTargetBox="[144,1164,713,1469]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 8. Presumed hybrid Broad-billed Hummingbird Cynanthus lawrencei × magicus specimen, Isla María Cleofas, April 2016 (Héctor Gómez de Silva)" pageId="13" pageNumber="19">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13130EDBFFD7CB2C36CDACF83DDAFE7C" box="[151,215,417,441]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="12.[144,205,1485,1504]" captionTargetBox="[144,1164,713,1469]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 8. Presumed hybrid Broad-billed Hummingbird Cynanthus lawrencei × magicus specimen, Isla María Cleofas, April 2016 (Héctor Gómez de Silva)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13755719" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13755719/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="19">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||||
), thus apparently representing another hybrid.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B97125EFFD7CB2C369AAC983EACFDDC" blockId="13.[144,1164,129,537]" pageId="13" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
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|
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