Add updates up until 2025-03-13 22:36:46

2025-03-13 22:42:51 +00:00 · 2025-03-13 22:42:51 +00:00 · 30606d66bb
parent 44c21be09a
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--- a/data/43/A7/6F/43A76F8326E65F8481D2F77878FB4876.xml
+++ b/data/43/A7/6F/43A76F8326E65F8481D2F77878FB4876.xml
--- a/data/70/1B/7D/701B7DE618A65A569AFEC2FD989D1980.xml
+++ b/data/70/1B/7D/701B7DE618A65A569AFEC2FD989D1980.xml
@ -0,0 +1,872 @@
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+<mods:titleInfo id="0811A970A8B4535DE75916A1C3CFA83A">
+<mods:title id="EE73D168252EE065F6F7CEB7060EE4D8">Three new species of torrent treefrogs (Anura, Hylidae) of the Hyloscirtus bogotensis group from the eastern Andean slopes and the biogeographic history of the genus</mods:title>
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+<mods:namePart id="0D6E6265CB87948EB06A54D4D9106A1B">Varela-Jaramillo, Andrea</mods:namePart>
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+<mods:affiliation id="D088BB7C880002C42C5F96AABE638775">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Naturales y Ambientales, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Av. 12 de Octubre y Roca, Aptdo. 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador &amp; 3 Diversity, Santo Domingo Oe 5 - 71 y Cuba, Quito, Ecuador &amp; Institute of Biology, Molecular Evolution and Systematics of Animals, University of Leipzig, Talstrasse 33, 04103 Leipzig, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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+<mods:namePart id="A3B1720C0FA5144C6F6420A6744BBF72">Streicher, Jeffrey W.</mods:namePart>
+<mods:nameIdentifier id="6753AE23E220F4052D03CA987F9E2675" type="ORCID">0000-0002-3738-4162</mods:nameIdentifier>
+<mods:affiliation id="4258CA242259059DCD2DCF6054FDBAA9">Herpetology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW 7 5 BD, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
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+<mods:namePart id="A9266922B4E2F20569CF3CAB07D75981">Venegas, Pablo J.</mods:namePart>
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+<mods:namePart id="F5F2FB41AEFA88E9AF31BBC80F6740AF">Ron, Santiago R.</mods:namePart>
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+<mods:date id="AD9ADFEF6C3AF918E9B0E996105BE83D">2025</mods:date>
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+</mods:mods>
+<treatment id="701B7DE618A65A569AFEC2FD989D1980" ID-arpha="701B7DE6-18A6-5A56-9AFE-C2FD989D1980" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/2E9E3BAC-DE92-4DB2-80C2-FCFBDDB7065E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:701B7DE618A65A569AFEC2FD989D1980" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2E9E3BAC-DE92-4DB2-80C2-FCFBDDB7065E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/701B7DE618A65A569AFEC2FD989D1980">
+<subSubSection id="3F34CEC05FB314FC902AE4E682522496" type="nomenclature">
+<paragraph id="3160F3408B73ECF3673496E24AFABA85">
+<taxonomicName id="C416E59CA13618F4C36D48C5ADA46734" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maycu" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="6D2FFA374C0860A39C183B6C00525443" italics="true">Hyloscirtus maycu</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="BCFFB55E39BD7FF98407822D3EBEC604" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="4A32BE7F04469503CAFE74E774DAA31B" type="description">
+<paragraph id="28887B4EA4C7B28C3103CB35676D8185">
+<figureCitation id="A017ECD3C461814C4DBA4E3346CA783B" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Geographic distribution of Amazonian species of the Hyloscirtus bogotensis group. Stars represent the type locality of H. albopunctulatus, H. phyllognathus and H. torrenticola. Symbol colors in the map match those of the lineages in the phylogeny. Boxplot comparing the elevational ranges are shown, which excludes H. phyllognathus and H. torrenticola due to the small sample." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279263">Figs 5</figureCitation>
+, 
+<figureCitation id="38069793FD7CFAE0FD99A9CB111DE37C" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Boxplot of the snout-vent length (SVL) comparison analysis. SVL measurements of adult males and females of Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus, H. maycu sp. nov., H. elbakyanae sp. nov., H. dispersus sp. nov., and H. phyllognathus. The line in the middle of the box represents the median and the upper and lower ends of the box are the 75 % and 25 % quartiles, respectively." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279265">7</figureCitation>
+, 
+<figureCitation id="B0BD134F2E887293023D977E23C6DCB4" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Advertisement calls of Amazonian species of the Hyloscirtus bogotensis species group. Oscillograms above with their corresponding spectrograms below are shown for each species." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279267">9</figureCitation>
+, 
+<figureCitation id="35147D4DE97E7CC24989332062B05104" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Principal components (PC) of the environmental envelope analysis. Eight environmental variables were analyzed of localities of Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus, H. maycu sp. nov., H. elbakyanae sp. nov., H. dispersus sp. nov., H. phyllognathus sensu stricto, H. UCS 1 an individual from Lineage F (UCS 2), and H. torrenticola sensu stricto. Normal data ellipses are shown by group. The contribution of each principal component to explain total variation is shown in parentheses. The results of the PC analysis are shown in Suppl. material 1: table S 8." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279268">10</figureCitation>
+, 
+<figureCitation id="ABC8F31B29B72D92B250584A7643AADF" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Ventral views of right hands and feet of the species A H. albopunctulatus, QCAZ 59825, SVL: 37.9 mm, female B H. maycu sp. nov., QCAZ 67087, SVL: 34.1 mm, male C H. elbakyanae sp. nov., QCAZ 53808, SVL: 36.1 mm, male D H. dispersus sp. nov., QCAZ 52006, SVL: 32.6 mm, male." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279269">11</figureCitation>
+, 
+<figureCitation id="025A279AE602B84BD5F0B0DE71A9F59E" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Variation of preserved specimens of Hyloscirtus maycu sp. nov. Dorsal and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: QCAZ 67087 (holotype, adult male), QCAZ 67082, 68055 (adult males); third and fourth rows: QCAZ 67081, 67086 (adult females). See Suppl. material 1: table S 1 for locality information. All specimens are shown at the same scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279274">16</figureCitation>
+, 
+<figureCitation id="3CE4EAB9B5595CC4EB2409A4BD0E194A" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Variation in life of Hyloscirtus maycu sp. nov. Dorsolateral, lateral, and ventral views. From top to bottom: QCAZ 67081 (adult female), QCAZ 67082 (adult male), QCAZ 67087 (holotype, adult male), QCAZ 67086 (adult female)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279275">17 Common name: Proposed standard English name: Maycu stream frog Proposed standard Spanish name: Rana de torrente de Maycu</figureCitation>
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0EFLAK" type="type material">
+<paragraph id="5B9225FB1F71C7885EB76EE42A47E697">
+<heading id="292BA1C783A7D5061FF689E656006B9D" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="CCEE0F4A01FC78865B81C66B7A831380">
+<materialsCitation id="6836CEF1C335F065EBCDECD6EDA19265" collectingDate="2017-02-27" collectionCode="R" collectorName="D. Almeida &amp; K. Nusirquia &amp; D. Nunez &amp; D. Paucar &amp; F. Hervas &amp; J. Ortega &amp; A. Achig &amp; S. Pillajo &amp; R. Gavilanez &amp; J. Mora" country="Ecuador" elevation="882" latitude="-4.2067" location="Reserva Natural Maycu" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.6326" municipality="Provincia" specimenCode="QCAZ 67087" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Provincia Zamora Chinchipe" typeStatus="holotype">
+<emphasis id="FC3CE08D104F52FAB4796F4B4A795B88" bold="true" italics="true">
+<typeStatus id="CF7B7893B629CF13B20F38E3EF469135" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
+</emphasis>
+. • 
+<specimenCode id="B6DB3F43BAB71980AD91164F074E1791" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQLAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+67087
+</specimenCode>
+(Figs 
+<figureCitation id="8F3B0921CD6A22D3D528BA012DE05597" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Variation of preserved specimens of Hyloscirtus maycu sp. nov. Dorsal and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: QCAZ 67087 (holotype, adult male), QCAZ 67082, 68055 (adult males); third and fourth rows: QCAZ 67081, 67086 (adult females). See Suppl. material 1: table S 1 for locality information. All specimens are shown at the same scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279274">16</figureCitation>
+, 
+<figureCitation id="4063F73903BEA2A9E6EC113B77E76411" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Variation in life of Hyloscirtus maycu sp. nov. Dorsolateral, lateral, and ventral views. From top to bottom: QCAZ 67081 (adult female), QCAZ 67082 (adult male), QCAZ 67087 (holotype, adult male), QCAZ 67086 (adult female)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279275">17</figureCitation>
+), field no. SC 56707, 
+<specimenCount id="3362DA4817FB87251CF9624CB0307BE6" count="1" type="male">adult male</specimenCount>
+from 
+<collectingCountry id="2FCF8115771F4EE0BCD5DB8E65DA5EFB" name="Ecuador">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
+, 
+<collectingRegion id="0A0FE63709C9533BAF85D58946FA4B6B">Provincia Zamora Chinchipe</collectingRegion>
+, 
+<location id="A56983CAC498A75FC08BE24275A39480" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:701B7DE618A65A569AFEC2FD989D1980:A56983CAC498A75FC08BE24275A39480" country="Ecuador" latitude="-4.2067" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.6326" municipality="Provincia" name="Reserva Natural Maycu" stateProvince="Provincia Zamora Chinchipe">Reserva Natural Maycu</location>
+, plateau (
+<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E6LAK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[-78.632600,-4.206700]}">
+<geoCoordinate id="BD5117C46CAD4A9BE6E96A3A7FCC39F9" degrees="4.2067" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-4.2067">4.2067 ° S</geoCoordinate>
+, 
+<geoCoordinate id="C180A4DE5558B010087557A678DB62D7" degrees="78.6326" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-78.6326">78.6326 ° W</geoCoordinate>
+</named-content>
+), 
+<elevation id="FCC1DD24D9B85446075C684EF75E63F4" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.82" unit="m" value="882.0">
+<quantity id="C903733636D656BADD574BC0409611F7" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.82" unit="m" value="882.0">882 m</quantity>
+above sea level
+</elevation>
+, collected by 
+<collectorName id="A2C48B707956E3B8E38524E0FE080354">D. Almeida</collectorName>
+, 
+<collectorName id="97BEE915D56227AC2D3041BDA2DD1E5B">K. Nusirquia</collectorName>
+, 
+<collectorName id="1003D956FE5A9E41E30496F22AB47622">D. Núñez</collectorName>
+, 
+<collectorName id="1A71EF2478BB60C6F4286702C4C970EA">D. Paucar</collectorName>
+, 
+<collectorName id="55BF87D9AF097700141ADB35D456145F">F. Hervas</collectorName>
+, 
+<collectorName id="6F355CE7CB8422F6AF9888B166395367">J. Ortega</collectorName>
+, 
+<collectorName id="E51D5218AB412A60903592B7C0C4C9DA">A. Achig</collectorName>
+, 
+<collectorName id="C88FFBEEFC3920C18B7D9E0112510E7F">S. Pillajo</collectorName>
+, 
+<collectorName id="CFDD19CEF790FDA33664ADCEE7919000">R. Gavilanez</collectorName>
+, and 
+<collectorName id="BA9E657E0F4CE00722087A7559E1170A">J. Mora</collectorName>
+on 
+<date id="43C82FEC76D858A719E176F2E0C9315B" value="2017-02-27">
+<collectingDate id="A94394732B65756C74EA7EFE6DB7529A" value="2017-02-27">27 February 2017</collectingDate>
+</date>
+. A 3 D model of the holotype is available at the Sketchfab platform (
+<ext-link id="D3F7673531AC8EEC2A871F6C23D3A00F" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://skfb.ly/oSqqr" xlink_type="simple">https://skfb.ly/oSqqr</ext-link>
+)
+</materialsCitation>
+. 
+<materialsCitation id="3C568879EC7064F684772A8944DEAA62" collectingDate="2017-05-16" collectionCode="QCAZ" collectorName="K. Nusirquia &amp; Darwin Nunez &amp; Andrea Calispa" country="Ecuador" county="All" elevation="1089" latitude="-4.4442" location="Provincia Zamora Chinchipe" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.8134" municipality="Provincia" specimenCode="QCAZ 67081, 67086, QCAZ 67082, QCAZ 67084, 67085, QCAZ 67083" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Provincia Zamora Chinchipe" typeStatus="paratype">
+<emphasis id="3DABB5DC08FE10921EAC773B083947FC" bold="true" italics="true">
+<typeStatus id="087A8D715B8C58F076EBD57393D87475" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
+</emphasis>
+. • All from 
+<collectingCountry id="61851F25DD49C18E127B6E3BBB3C98AF" name="Ecuador">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
+, 
+<collectingRegion id="9455DD955C21468835BF7D6BD8C85E80">Provincia Zamora Chinchipe</collectingRegion>
+. Collected with the holotype, 
+<specimenCode id="0C8F934F7CF1DDBBA0EE93B2E2AA7598" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMMAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+67081
+</specimenCode>
+, 
+<specimenCode id="DFACEE52087BDF773699BEFCC2B3D92F" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">67086</specimenCode>
+<specimenCount id="E2983D22899766F05C8EF51FBE4D736F" count="1" type="female">adult females</specimenCount>
+, 
+<specimenCode id="3E07947577A262EF41A838D922AF5002" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQMAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+67082
+</specimenCode>
+<specimenCount id="4A99C74C865D651557D2212EF796A198" count="1" type="male">adult male</specimenCount>
+, 
+<specimenCode id="A8101B16E4F64E56AB3AA197A3CA9157" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUMAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+67084
+</specimenCode>
+, 
+<specimenCode id="FC51D74F30AA0AFFB16E9C6C6E10A37E" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">67085</specimenCode>
+juveniles, 
+<specimenCode id="C3AC6D5B164A97A6A8328017D8C2A8C8" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYMAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+67083
+</specimenCode>
+tadpole, 
+<quantity id="A8832DDE6C3A03FAC5252B1F3B393044" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.089" metricValueMax="1.219" metricValueMin="0.959" unit="m" value="1089.0" valueMax="1219.0" valueMin="959.0">
+<elevation id="D3D355D2515921B99A1C69BFB18B8F07" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.089" metricValueMax="1.219" metricValueMin="0.959" unit="m" value="1089.0" valueMax="1219.0" valueMin="959.0">959–1219 m</elevation>
+</quantity>
+of elevation, collected on 
+<collectingDate id="1ECF682BAE5F5ACD963827A70522799F" isEnumeration="true">
+<date id="36F5C0D5B8197717B368A5E8A88CCDBE" value="2017-02-23" valueMax="2017-02-25" valueMin="2017-02-23">23 and 25 February 2017</date>
+and 
+<date id="19E69920F3A452DA37472F3FBC4A5D8B" value="2017-03-01">01 March 2017</date>
+</collectingDate>
+</materialsCitation>
+. 
+<materialsCitation id="AC9B043F5FB80FB9BF887F3AD035D9D4" collectingDate="2017-05-16" collectionCode="QCAZ" collectorName="K. Nusirquia &amp; Darwin Nunez &amp; Andrea Calispa" country="Ecuador" county="Nuevo Paraiso" elevation="1127" latitude="-4.4442" location="Cordillera del Oso" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.8134" municipality="camp near Rio Nangaritza" specimenCode="QCAZ 68055" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Zamora-Chinchipe" typeStatus="paratype">
+<collectingCounty id="CD7972401E983F2BE1C41F9EBF31B2C1">Nuevo Paraíso</collectingCounty>
+, 
+<collectingMunicipality id="696F2D1EE35D2CC02A818299A631E09F">camp near Río Nangaritza</collectingMunicipality>
+, 
+<location id="19C16F3A2B17B80432ECB712A14DBB2D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:701B7DE618A65A569AFEC2FD989D1980:19C16F3A2B17B80432ECB712A14DBB2D" country="Ecuador" county="Nuevo Paraiso" latitude="-4.4442" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.8134" municipality="camp near Rio Nangaritza" name="Cordillera del Oso" stateProvince="Zamora-Chinchipe">Cordillera del Oso</location>
+(
+<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E6MAK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[-78.813400,-4.444200]}">
+<geoCoordinate id="6FD736BD4A9A9B40124324D5DBCD2D3D" degrees="4.4442" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-4.4442">4.4442 ° S</geoCoordinate>
+, 
+<geoCoordinate id="5DB3367915B888DF45522FB5083BADAF" degrees="78.8134" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-78.8134">78.8134 ° W</geoCoordinate>
+</named-content>
+), 
+<quantity id="BCBE49B7876D1A766467416F6585E634" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.127" unit="m" value="1127.0">
+<elevation id="0623BAC8D7F2BB1E25B0565C0680AD6B" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.127" unit="m" value="1127.0">1127 m</elevation>
+</quantity>
+, 
+<specimenCode id="A9F0AFB9CFF9D1FC8C0EF09058D1E4AA" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EENAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+68055
+</specimenCode>
+<specimenCount id="41980529A7619D1763ED7D7202F0D588" count="1" type="male">adult male</specimenCount>
+, collected on 
+<date id="A92F4CCBD7A86290764679437A2960D3" value="2017-05-16">
+<collectingDate id="ADB4E8E8D085B7917CDF993CA1D2DE7D" value="2017-05-16">16 May 2017</collectingDate>
+</date>
+by 
+<collectorName id="7C57C60AEBA489CEDC631777074A4850">K. Nusirquia</collectorName>
+, 
+<collectorName id="A8C91B9566114D249BE52FA120FC073E">Darwin Núñez</collectorName>
+, 
+<collectorName id="BEDA9BFACA1FBBC4894BBF997504EE4E">Andrea Calispa</collectorName>
+</materialsCitation>
+</paragraph>
+<caption id="B0C8773859FC1AB4716751CB6789B88C" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure16" ID-arpha="71A42E87-1B97-5202-81C2-546347289364" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279274" startId="F16">
+<paragraph id="1B7E529D85790FEB44591FE036D399E5">
+<label id="2BA27366BEFE8EB37244C62D70B5DAD9">Figure 16.</label>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="FDAC3AAC8D726F26B8EBDFECF0006568">
+Variation of preserved specimens of 
+<taxonomicName id="9D8843F727789805D1C7FB130AD943F2" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maycu" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="D927EA2321D3CB13B6A5928321BC5F8C" italics="true">Hyloscirtus maycu</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="FE6A453F704356C580F485F4858CF164" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+Dorsal and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: 
+<specimenCode id="AAD4536738DEF36C766C2C355E712789">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2NAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+67087
+</specimenCode>
+(holotype, 
+<specimenCount id="0822BF7FFBFA22BA94E000D012FCBEE5" count="1" type="male">adult male</specimenCount>
+), 
+<specimenCode id="FC868CC7D3A3E5441A7B039D59FB59DC">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6NAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+67082
+</specimenCode>
+, 68055 (
+<specimenCount id="5FD6D478EA2B97A353FEE704FB594BD4" count="1" type="male">adult males</specimenCount>
+); third and fourth rows: 
+<specimenCode id="BDB30289A648FC69D68A72D9BFF4A5BE">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDOAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+67081
+</specimenCode>
+, 67086 (
+<specimenCount id="C4304B7DACFAF035F609E74E31E53ED3" count="1" type="female">adult females</specimenCount>
+). See Suppl. material 
+<xref id="369F65E70DC1AF2BC4A3C8FC592B275F" ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S1">1</xref>
+: table S 1 for locality information. All specimens are shown at the same scale.
+</paragraph>
+</caption>
+<caption id="578ABF7B3743F1A71E97CCA051119DF7" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure17" ID-arpha="731F505D-5272-5FF3-A0B8-288E77C87C76" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279275" startId="F17">
+<paragraph id="67D611D7E43E244FC5A40013FDCEEFD3">
+<label id="A758127125DB52B474FBDA80CEC50C79">Figure 17.</label>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="FFA7D85066C4C53B1EB0D5F47C9AD1C3">
+Variation in life of 
+<taxonomicName id="3C9F510641824F4384376C62DC5E289F" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maycu" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="5CB5BD986D4A51F5FF9C491BCE9BEB0A" italics="true">Hyloscirtus maycu</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="AA3AFFDDB6F1704148ED4F20D223E86A" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+Dorsolateral, lateral, and ventral views. From top to bottom: 
+<specimenCode id="48FEF36AA83E0379170BE33A94DA5CB7">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDPAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+67081
+</specimenCode>
+(
+<specimenCount id="F5D5ADCB12D93F106A4BBD5829F0EC47" count="1" type="female">adult female</specimenCount>
+), 
+<specimenCode id="EEA875BEFBFEAEA9C2A23ABFACEA3C05">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHPAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+67082
+</specimenCode>
+(
+<specimenCount id="8C0576E9849C3B61A4F2617D6240F014" count="1" type="male">adult male</specimenCount>
+), 
+<specimenCode id="3F3D4DEAFA92BC68D2303E8E6C6A0E82">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELPAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+67087
+</specimenCode>
+(holotype, 
+<specimenCount id="F35DA131E77C25D28E2E4F0F73C4B924" count="1" type="male">adult male</specimenCount>
+), 
+<specimenCode id="4953F611ABFEF7F5C001C21E797CDA84">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPPAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+67086
+</specimenCode>
+(
+<specimenCount id="EE5D79BBAB1E67B2291FAC0380BEBEED" count="1" type="female">adult female</specimenCount>
+).
+</paragraph>
+</caption>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0EYPAK" type="Definition">
+<paragraph id="D34CCDFA1DC75C5724D664F5C3E6AC90">
+<heading id="18C29CBD992E0884712928D3D2EABFA6" reason="title">Definition.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="267182D94C50B18F3F3B9DC560CF102C">
+In this section, coloration and characters refer to preserved specimens unless otherwise mentioned. The definition and diagnosis are based on 
+<specimenCount id="CB8930C325152CF2DF41508C87A9EE0C" count="2" type="adult">
+two 
+<specimenCount id="4DAC8F21D0BFB8559D07C630C6EA0EAA" count="1" type="female">adult females</specimenCount>
+</specimenCount>
+and 
+<specimenCount id="E0914E059BAA1D0E1F32EAAC97A9C3FE" count="3" type="adult">
+three 
+<specimenCount id="60EF77D9B29005EE5BAA5F711447EC59" count="1" type="male">adult males</specimenCount>
+</specimenCount>
+. 
+<taxonomicName id="A7F0291D93E21021B615CB8C9AED0C89" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maycu" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="FCEFE2D2108249FE02406357AE41910F" italics="true">Hyloscirtus maycu</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="8076405AF7D81A90A99CB6CAFE4295C0" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+can be diagnosed by the combination of the following characters: (1) mean 
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJQAK" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+<quantity id="71F1270449CD477DBD68C5510A85FF85" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.34" unit="mm" value="33.4">33.4 mm</quantity>
+in 
+<specimenCount id="38F82FD6FA5231A2FA6BF2A724958A55" count="1" type="male">adult males</specimenCount>
+(range 31.9–34.2; 
+<emphasis id="43126A6EAC5660169A9A18938BC0C12F" italics="true">n</emphasis>
+= 3) and mean 
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPQAK" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+<quantity id="BA87EC8B226445DF16E0539DD6E2B04A" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.27" unit="mm" value="42.7">42.7 mm</quantity>
+in 
+<specimenCount id="97EF24AF6C94FB123BB2864BC33073D3" count="1" type="female">adult females</specimenCount>
+(range 41.7–43.7; 
+<emphasis id="23AC13410ABEAA04977EB6B5978091C7" italics="true">n</emphasis>
+= 2; Suppl. material 
+<xref id="9AC6C4301BEAB6505448C23789061900" ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S1">1</xref>
+: table S 5; Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="2FE3EFA8A896D94D5931BCFB1AB5B569" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Boxplot of the snout-vent length (SVL) comparison analysis. SVL measurements of adult males and females of Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus, H. maycu sp. nov., H. elbakyanae sp. nov., H. dispersus sp. nov., and H. phyllognathus. The line in the middle of the box represents the median and the upper and lower ends of the box are the 75 % and 25 % quartiles, respectively." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279265">7</figureCitation>
+); (2) white supralabial stripe present or absent; (3) tympanum round, inconspicuous in males and distinct in females; supratympanic fold inconspicuous and unpigmented; (4) white ulnar and tarsal folds inconspicuous or conspicuous; (5) subarticular tubercles conspicuous, round and single, in hands and feet; (6) supernumerary tubercles inconspicuous in hands and feet; (7) calcar tubercle absent; (8) pericloacal spots well-defined; (9) all surfaces plain cream with a combination of black and white spots in the dorsum; (10) in life, dorsal surfaces and flanks olive green to crete with white spots and minute or thick black spots scattered over the body; axillar and inguinal regions blueish or mongoose; venter and posterior surfaces of thighs yellow; other ventral surfaces silver or greenish; bones and articulations blue; unpigmented pericloacal spots; webbing yellow orange; iris clam shell with thick dark pinkish to leather reticulations; (11) the advertisement call consists of a single note, with duration of 
+<geoCoordinate id="03DCDBC17DF3C121C9A772F482363BA7" degrees="0.053" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-0.053">0.053 s</geoCoordinate>
+(
+<emphasis id="F61F5185587CDB649FBE73D8B8D8797B" italics="true">n</emphasis>
+= 1) and a dominant frequency of 2343.8 Hz and fundamental frequency of 1171.90 Hz. The call can be repeated consecutively from 10–13 times in a series of calls.
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0E6QAK" type="diagnosis">
+<paragraph id="426303028C0739F9BC863FA2CA10D6B6">
+<heading id="449BB77597D3AE751B8B5DA8FCBE95AD" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="C893957126E3AF9F682D9FDA7B1D4275">
+Characters in this section pertain to preserved specimens unless otherwise noticed. Coloration refers to life specimens. The most similar species to 
+<taxonomicName id="B5FA26F7A2FF7A026D60658E4AC9428F" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maycu" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="C780F402C0ED439C91C9D654F6A8D876" italics="true">H. maycu</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="1EC44EFC3D8565B89CDD50627F607D22" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+living in the Amazon basin are 
+<taxonomicName id="80474CF0BFE253E0E8231F533474DFA3" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="CA8E409FCBF12428799FED7D5C42D725" italics="true">Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+, 
+<taxonomicName id="12E6C2BE82ED595D6D0B64802B1D145A" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="C897800C97375E9F4AFA293BC812FE3C" italics="true">H. elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="BC7A0603ECF802B13A2BF9EDA676EE81" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+, 
+<taxonomicName id="743DA6A5572B2A423F1C26D41B6367C4" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispersus" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="E975217EB27F6E11DF993E9BCDD90E4E" italics="true">H. dispersus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="6D99A45C94A6D2ED79FEB1262B6E4ED7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+, 
+<taxonomicName id="ADBB18378B23D9CD8976F742C32C48D9" baseAuthorityName="Melin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllognathus">
+<emphasis id="EFA0BBE8256A620ED71BA7D15C129015" italics="true">H. phyllognathus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+, and 
+<emphasis id="B55505C5832081FA3D1534C16AFF09BA" italics="true">
+<taxonomicName id="9F9E586E043787E511C265FD78BD97B2" baseAuthorityName="Duellman and Altig" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrenticola">H. torrenticola</taxonomicName>
+. 
+<taxonomicName id="8FC63A98864E3D8115F85B42CE6228F1" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maycu" status="sp. nov.">Hyloscirtus maycu</taxonomicName>
+</emphasis>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="4226B599BE7B963B23BD1E2C3ED66AF4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+differs by the absence of a supratympanic fold (present in 
+<taxonomicName id="A1390393D9D58B61669FE1AD780464ED" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="6F7C97FD1E5B9E5EA57D7F30CE4E89A0" italics="true">H. albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+and 
+<taxonomicName id="283626B9B5BB6D0ACF391A637CC0F87D" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispersus" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="0C7A106F0C92CD0FB36277D9AA10F800" italics="true">H. dispersus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="7D81C2F1109E233BE057649E06DC0956" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+), an inconspicuous tarsal fold (present and thick in 
+<taxonomicName id="9BE85EB40135AB78D8954D3F107888A6" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="511AD1BE1B78515A61E3F2D511F36912" italics="true">H. albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+, 
+<taxonomicName id="906EFCEDD20888E8DDAFFD7257D045F4" baseAuthorityName="Melin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllognathus">
+<emphasis id="3A255576116869E12AC9CFDB68C5BD1B" italics="true">H. phyllognathus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+, and 
+<taxonomicName id="6EB80300C505A85B1AFB717CB127726F" baseAuthorityName="Duellman and Altig" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrenticola">
+<emphasis id="20938086823594708D10D7BAD1BCEABF" italics="true">H. torrenticola</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+), conspicuous subarticular tubercles in hands and feet (small to inconspicuous in hands and feet in 
+<taxonomicName id="B4C1CE35D1E27CB6BEE2A35BFF04145D" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="BC9A96518C7B36614E4A15B0EF9F95DD" italics="true">H. albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+; Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="111F26F0D1DF69238853FD2BCA3A06A7" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Ventral views of right hands and feet of the species A H. albopunctulatus, QCAZ 59825, SVL: 37.9 mm, female B H. maycu sp. nov., QCAZ 67087, SVL: 34.1 mm, male C H. elbakyanae sp. nov., QCAZ 53808, SVL: 36.1 mm, male D H. dispersus sp. nov., QCAZ 52006, SVL: 32.6 mm, male." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279269">11</figureCitation>
+), inconspicuous supernumerary tubercles in hands and feet (conspicuous in hands in 
+<taxonomicName id="5117EF0BE7D401A1EECE0F46F05EAD49" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispersus" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="888CDB4442B6DF32E9D1A14870209F61" italics="true">H. dispersus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="ED15F39C46AEAAD7EB19CD7F8A91DE12" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+), pericloacal spots ill-defined or absent (well-defined in 
+<taxonomicName id="2EE97C4E16D16946E92136B1BB7C07BF" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="58A00E0E60DFE8CF47DF6C22421C8B61" italics="true">H. albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+and 
+<taxonomicName id="A5F7CDB45C18DF7CBCB71654DFE7FE7A" baseAuthorityName="Melin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllognathus">
+<emphasis id="EF2C349ACA9322D1D5E6EC5377D568A0" italics="true">H. phyllognathus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+), an absent calcar tubercle (present in 
+<taxonomicName id="522D3E9A52D60B72FBC2288E1CEB413F" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispersus" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="ECDE7956A5C88A258D3F3A5A657F7908" italics="true">H. dispersus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="25D4A5C0ACA7F1AA4FE9D8973F464E47" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+and 
+<taxonomicName id="C4D2103DB4E997DF5FC0BF4CCCB4C9D1" baseAuthorityName="Melin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllognathus">
+<emphasis id="FEFCEB4D750A18ECD06E6E6B43B82EFC" italics="true">H. phyllognathus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+), and a clam iris with dark pinkish or leather reticulations (a clam shell iris with black or sand dune reticulations in 
+<taxonomicName id="E8CA8B938998AF9C8A6D4538C0D4D59A" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="D718F58BB5A5A4BE7ABE68095ECADCE1" italics="true">H. albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+and a bronze iris in 
+<taxonomicName id="B51AEBEBE9FE4F58F4AD34E7E8D65F9C" baseAuthorityName="Duellman and Altig" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrenticola">
+<emphasis id="BAB871B98794F7094399E711CA19C99E" italics="true">H. torrenticola</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+, Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="D69BE085051A00453DCC969AA25F581A" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Photographs of individuals of Hyloscirtus phyllognathus and H. torrenticola species in life A dorsolateral and ventral views of a male of H. phyllognathus sensu stricto (CORBIDI 9590, Catarata Ahuashiyacu, San Martín, Perú) B dorsolateral view of a female of H. torrenticola (MAR 1938, Departamento de Caquetá, Colombia) C dorsolateral view of a male of H. torrenticola (MAR 1974, same locality as B). Photographs by Alessandro Catenazzi (A) and Marco Rada (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279270">12</figureCitation>
+). Although our sample size is small, the available evidence indicates that 
+<taxonomicName id="2951FBBC4AB05F4408DDB0EB413F679C" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maycu" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="FDFD6093027A40FF87D13B746716D7AF" italics="true">H. maycu</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFEE96B2C6D6A266965F6B0A7E70A601" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+differs from 
+<taxonomicName id="7329E3FF5BFE569B1F82F1C3CE611359" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="48C126F02B465F2DAB68D69304A6AD75" italics="true">H. elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="C479FC7277D161A514F73EC171E65D87" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+by its smaller size (Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="88D1D781817402E37910AD47A64BF14A" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Boxplot of the snout-vent length (SVL) comparison analysis. SVL measurements of adult males and females of Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus, H. maycu sp. nov., H. elbakyanae sp. nov., H. dispersus sp. nov., and H. phyllognathus. The line in the middle of the box represents the median and the upper and lower ends of the box are the 75 % and 25 % quartiles, respectively." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279265">7</figureCitation>
+).
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="B6CBF2A2E5A8E9897390C8F7676A1A8D">
+The advertisement call of 
+<taxonomicName id="921BFD60E0BB17089E093E01264200A4" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maycu" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="1CB627F903A439CE97C9E2A19F1527CE" italics="true">H. maycu</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="2259504C8EF4C2A88A0E853C236F5379" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+has a rise time of 
+<geoCoordinate id="1F511FAABAD35CA60A0951C8E8E6B4DA" degrees="0.8" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5555" value="-0.8">0.8 s</geoCoordinate>
+(longer in 
+<taxonomicName id="A106195941C99CC72F0A11E25E3C02C0" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="DF0B75EE32FD2909D4B89DF245C3C2F3" italics="true">H. albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+with 2.28 ± 
+<geoCoordinate id="C3E5274B6E9F6ED7755880F9B9DD2083" degrees="0.80" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-0.8">0.80 s</geoCoordinate>
+and shorter in 
+<taxonomicName id="1022324EDFF4DAEB5E9D4152F01BB596" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="84E1E36CE50556475AA6E19DB2476092" italics="true">H. elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="C66290526CC05D0064D3DBD84E2A1D05" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+with 0.57 ± 
+<geoCoordinate id="ADA3F256332274894902DA808A5263D5" degrees="0.05" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-0.05">0.05 s</geoCoordinate>
+and in 
+<taxonomicName id="D79E4DD828533DB99A8A577AC11AF33C" baseAuthorityName="Duellman and Altig" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrenticola">
+<emphasis id="E1C7F7F77159E6530FE5E9158B966F8B" italics="true">H. torrenticola</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+with 0.16 ± 
+<geoCoordinate id="8245CCD50A55BCC0E7266818A560D044" degrees="0.017" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-0.017">0.017 s</geoCoordinate>
+), a dominant frequency of 2343.8 Hz and a fundamental frequency of 1171.9 Hz (higher dominant frequency in 
+<taxonomicName id="AA54560B8904AF48587AE0AB8D08FBC1" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispersus" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="771A0EC851C90429E6F106B6A4D494DB" italics="true">H. dispersus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="AE8F83D4037B1FD74F7695B6DD51BE64" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+of 2795.41 ± 138.68 Hz and fundamental frequency of 2700.63 ± 195.66 Hz). 
+<taxonomicName id="095E88931E0EF2606E141A8A803C7FE4" baseAuthorityName="Duellman and Altig" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrenticola">
+<emphasis id="6B528980A626E3B7D093731E1C31AFFD" italics="true">Hyloscirtus torrenticola</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+also has a higher dominant frequency of 2743.79 ± 48.22 Hz and a fundamental frequency of 2743.75 ± 48.16 Hz. 
+<taxonomicName id="2C4594341649E9B2916F54E7F4F79BE8" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maycu" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="0304293FCF77DD1BBDDB2C28768BAEE8" italics="true">Hyloscirtus maycu</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="CB213CBD28B964DEF92393B275210DBD" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+has a call duration of 
+<geoCoordinate id="36F33EEAA16B9890EAE674D68D7D1C83" degrees="0.053" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-0.053">0.053 s</geoCoordinate>
+(longer in 
+<taxonomicName id="9667BF777EE04A29468BBC88E7251E49" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispersus" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="E1A7E6186C45BF09BAF1292BCE6132DA" italics="true">H. dispersus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="B19BF9A900E12D2A89EE479D23ACC673" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+of 0.11 ± 
+<geoCoordinate id="0F99A705C0338097F11725C7529B8418" degrees="0.015" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-0.015">0.015 s</geoCoordinate>
+) (Table 
+<tableCitation id="74DF4A1517D6DB36E1304E6DE521A2BB" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="T4" captionText="Table 4. Acoustic parameters comparing calls of Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus (Lineage A), H. maycu sp. nov. (Lineage B), H. elbakyanae sp. nov. (Lineage D), H. phyllognathus sensu stricto (Lineage E), H. UCS 2 (Lineage F), H. dispersus sp. nov. (Lineage G) and H. torrenticola from type locality. Mean ± SD is given with range in parentheses. Five calls were analyzed per individual." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/099975DED9AD88D1F9F91AA3582D90BC" tableUuid="099975DED9AD88D1F9F91AA3582D90BC">4</tableCitation>
+, Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="18FA5084CCEFCE4524DF5CF890021489" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Advertisement calls of Amazonian species of the Hyloscirtus bogotensis species group. Oscillograms above with their corresponding spectrograms below are shown for each species." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279267">9</figureCitation>
+; 
+<bibRefCitation id="85DEA151D747EF66CEFCD10A54FEE46B" author="Melin" firstAuthor="Melin" journalOrPublisher="Gothenburg, Sweden" refId="B61" refString="Melin D (1941) Contributions to the knowledge of the amphibia of south America. Gothenburg, Sweden, 71 pp." title="Contributions to the knowledge of the amphibia of south America." year="1941">Melin 1941</bibRefCitation>
+; 
+<bibRefCitation id="C611138556F96F3BB2C0F6E58057CB3A" author="Duellman and Altig" firstAuthor="Duellman" journalOrPublisher="Herpetologica" pagination="177-185" refId="B23" refString="Duellman WE, Altig R (1978) New species of tree frogs (family Hylidae) from the Andes of Colombia and Ecuador. Herpetologica 34: 177–185." title="New species of tree frogs (family Hylidae) from the Andes of Colombia and Ecuador." volume="34" year="1978">Duellman and Altig 1978</bibRefCitation>
+; 
+<bibRefCitation id="6AF2EB007237AE783DF55CAC09C773EB" author="Rivera-Correa" firstAuthor="Rivera-Correa" refId="B80" refString="Rivera-Correa M (2016) Evolution of Andean Rivers Hyloscirtus (Anura: Hylidae): Phylogenetic relations, taxonomic review and delimitation of species. Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul. Faculdade de Biociencias. Tese de Doutorado. Porto Alegre, Brazil." year="2016">Rivera-Correa 2016</bibRefCitation>
+).
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="80DAAF0A00CFD60F162101BE9864A4BE">
+Additionally, 
+<taxonomicName id="B64DAE247163854CA933C80E37C7857A" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maycu" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="7D56C21007826E1692737FA3B12DF9EE" italics="true">H. maycu</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="65786C59EEA2D2298034C76CFA4DE50F" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+inhabits elevations between 882 and 
+<quantity id="A6F876BA47F611A6213448F73456D211" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.183" unit="m" value="1183.0">1183 m</quantity>
+, while 
+<taxonomicName id="53D9DEAC2740E51EE5F4495CBD70A98E" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="9E3C69CFF7422C7621513D7FBD7C9564" italics="true">H. elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="6A6AA9D1E6314E816C3DFEDF10E7EF7D" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+lives lower between 214 and 
+<quantity id="8DB9A87A0819DBC8DD8FA1E0C8DE1FC7" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.22" unit="m" value="622.0">622 m</quantity>
+and in wetter and warmer environments (Figs 
+<figureCitation id="8567F3CA9383AB758ECF48327CE51D74" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Geographic distribution of Amazonian species of the Hyloscirtus bogotensis group. Stars represent the type locality of H. albopunctulatus, H. phyllognathus and H. torrenticola. Symbol colors in the map match those of the lineages in the phylogeny. Boxplot comparing the elevational ranges are shown, which excludes H. phyllognathus and H. torrenticola due to the small sample." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279263">5</figureCitation>
+, 
+<figureCitation id="F06D3FCFB836FA9C9394C470195C6ACC" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Principal components (PC) of the environmental envelope analysis. Eight environmental variables were analyzed of localities of Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus, H. maycu sp. nov., H. elbakyanae sp. nov., H. dispersus sp. nov., H. phyllognathus sensu stricto, H. UCS 1 an individual from Lineage F (UCS 2), and H. torrenticola sensu stricto. Normal data ellipses are shown by group. The contribution of each principal component to explain total variation is shown in parentheses. The results of the PC analysis are shown in Suppl. material 1: table S 8." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279268">10</figureCitation>
+).
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0EQ4AK" type="description">
+<paragraph id="B261D1A7590F2C92D30A485E193FADBD">
+<heading id="24903E9EAB8EC27C8935591A5ED4DC40" reason="title">
+Description of the 
+<typeStatus id="6BCF333BE29EDD45B6A1598FA87C1638" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
+.
+</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="494FE8DF54CDCBE537D9B3AA166D2801">
+Description of characters based on the preserved specimen. Adult male (Figs 
+<figureCitation id="479F09AEBA84C9143455EC71E8201B47" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Variation of preserved specimens of Hyloscirtus maycu sp. nov. Dorsal and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: QCAZ 67087 (holotype, adult male), QCAZ 67082, 68055 (adult males); third and fourth rows: QCAZ 67081, 67086 (adult females). See Suppl. material 1: table S 1 for locality information. All specimens are shown at the same scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279274">16</figureCitation>
+, 
+<figureCitation id="D7F95EBFB443C137F5A8F47257D88888" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Variation in life of Hyloscirtus maycu sp. nov. Dorsolateral, lateral, and ventral views. From top to bottom: QCAZ 67081 (adult female), QCAZ 67082 (adult male), QCAZ 67087 (holotype, adult male), QCAZ 67086 (adult female)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279275">17</figureCitation>
+). Measurements (in mm): 
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E54AK" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+34.1; foot length 13.9, head length 9.7, head width 10.2, eye diameter 3.0, tympanum diameter 2.0, tibia length 17.2, femur length 17.2, internarial distance 3.1, inter-orbital distance 4.9. Head wider than long; body slender; snout rounded in dorsal and lateral view; distance from nostril to eye same as diameter of eye; canthus rostralis distinct; loreal region convex; internarial region slightly curved; top of the head slightly concave; nostrils not protuberant, round, directed anterolaterally; lips rounded, not flared; interorbital area slightly concave, longer than upper eyelid; tympanum and tympanic fold inconspicuous; tympanic annulus absent; tympanic membrane absent; mental gland present, diamond-shaped, well defined, extending ~ 1 / 3 the size of the head; dentigerous processes of vomers slightly curved, transversal and posterior to ovoid choanae, each process narrowly separated from each other and bearing five teeth each; tongue cordiform, widely attached to mouth floor; vocal slits and subgular vocal sac present.
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="2BFD2B559EE0AF48281E92BFCB65C6F4">
+Forearms slender; axillary membrane absent; fingers bearing dermal fringes and rounded discs; relative lengths of fingers I &lt;II &lt;IV &lt;III; webbing formula I basal II 2 – — 3 – III 2 
+<superScript id="EDFDB1248260AF41D84A879DBA7B829F">+</superScript>
+— 2 – IV; subarticular tubercles prominent, round, single; supernumerary tubercles small; thenar tubercle absent; palmar tubercle small; prepollex present, not modified as a spine; nuptial pads absent; ulnar tubercles absent; outer ulnar fold present. Hindlimbs slender; toes bearing dermal fringes and rounded discs; relative length of toes I &lt;II &lt;III &lt;V &lt;IV; extensive toe webbing, formula I 1 – — 2 – II 1 
+<superScript id="C8D9F8F00198D2715F7EC6F7BF814449">+</superScript>
+— 2 – III 1 
+<superScript id="67FA99685893D37E1AB8C4C107E7FF91">+</superScript>
+— 2 – IV 2 – — 1 
+<superScript id="36F3FF902F07E554B6D25D4072BF4BEE">+</superScript>
+V; outer tarsal fold present; tarsal tubercles absent; calcar tubercle absent; subarticular tubercles conspicuous, round and single; supernumerary tubercles inconspicuous; inner metatarsal tubercle present and round, outer absent. Skin on dorsum, flanks, dorsal and ventral surfaces of limbs, thighs, and venter smooth; cloacal opening directed posteriorly at upper level of thighs; cloacal fold thick.
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0EM5AK" type="Color of holotype in preservative">
+<paragraph id="5A298F7D4D90ED7923FDBAB8FC617F89">
+<heading id="12DAE7888AF9A430847AFBFFC9385910" reason="title">
+Color of 
+<typeStatus id="BCE1C042081C0445F0546A4BC1B2AD68" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
+in preservative
+</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="BDF1803ADE4570DECBC2EB1E120BE9B4">
+(Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="275D8A8D25F8B005DA75A43BECB3AF9C" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Variation of preserved specimens of Hyloscirtus maycu sp. nov. Dorsal and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: QCAZ 67087 (holotype, adult male), QCAZ 67082, 68055 (adult males); third and fourth rows: QCAZ 67081, 67086 (adult females). See Suppl. material 1: table S 1 for locality information. All specimens are shown at the same scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279274">16</figureCitation>
+). Dorsal surfaces of the head, dorsum, flanks, and limbs cream with few minute black and white spots scattered through the body. Venter, throat, and ventral surfaces of limbs plain cream. Mental gland pale cream. White supralabial stripe absent. Ulnar, tarsal, and cloacal folds white. Webbing cream. Other details are shown in Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="5C384311E5D0418DDCD819AEB3E76403" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Variation of preserved specimens of Hyloscirtus maycu sp. nov. Dorsal and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: QCAZ 67087 (holotype, adult male), QCAZ 67082, 68055 (adult males); third and fourth rows: QCAZ 67081, 67086 (adult females). See Suppl. material 1: table S 1 for locality information. All specimens are shown at the same scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279274">16</figureCitation>
+.
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0E15AK" type="Color of holotype in life">
+<paragraph id="8779DFF3AF8FAFE32F5548BAFA2753A2">
+<heading id="CBA55118D9C42CEDF1582E825C3ED7D7" reason="title">
+Color of 
+<typeStatus id="07999167BAA0612811B5DA2D059C8598" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
+in life
+</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="43807306045A05A434BF803C9D2A3727">
+(Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="4268991AD36882BE68298C0F6C1CE948" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Variation in life of Hyloscirtus maycu sp. nov. Dorsolateral, lateral, and ventral views. From top to bottom: QCAZ 67081 (adult female), QCAZ 67082 (adult male), QCAZ 67087 (holotype, adult male), QCAZ 67086 (adult female)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279275">17</figureCitation>
+). Based on digital photographs. Dorsal surfaces and flanks olive green with white spots and minute black spots and a few dispersed black marks. Head darker brown, probably because of the high accumulation of minute black spots. Venter and posterior surface of thighs yellow. Axillar and inguinal regions and other ventral surfaces greenish white. Yellowish mental gland. Ulnar, tarsal, and cloacal folds white. Webbing yellow orange. Iris clam shell with leather reticulations.
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0EE6AK" type="variation">
+<paragraph id="A9A41E00448F2ACD56F33F074379BD23">
+<heading id="9E3C6C00018C7D916F25F6B436685E05" reason="title">Variation.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="683C2DA1A2D73FA15E0AEDFECA6250FD">
+Dorsal and ventral variation of adult specimens is illustrated on Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="3A61494C7B174FD9BC0F08E1FD02CC0A" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Variation of preserved specimens of Hyloscirtus maycu sp. nov. Dorsal and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: QCAZ 67087 (holotype, adult male), QCAZ 67082, 68055 (adult males); third and fourth rows: QCAZ 67081, 67086 (adult females). See Suppl. material 1: table S 1 for locality information. All specimens are shown at the same scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279274">16</figureCitation>
+(in preservative) and Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="ADFB9AB004CD9C3A4C751AA56E12AB93" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Variation in life of Hyloscirtus maycu sp. nov. Dorsolateral, lateral, and ventral views. From top to bottom: QCAZ 67081 (adult female), QCAZ 67082 (adult male), QCAZ 67087 (holotype, adult male), QCAZ 67086 (adult female)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279275">17</figureCitation>
+(in life). In preservative, dorsum varies from cream with white spots scattered throughout the body and limbs with minute and thick darker brownish black spots scattered across the entire body and limbs (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="C662C64ADEF8197A2BAE4DEBF4AE70E0">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ES6AK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="1138A6B43963272261DE99E89506B68C" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+67081
+</specimenCode>
+) or accumulated in the anterior part of the body (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="C930A63669FC27C22AEC992B2B02817F">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EW6AK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="7B5EBC4E8172F7AEA4F74791DA749A30" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+67086
+</specimenCode>
+) to darker cream with scattered spots dispersed in the body and limbs and minute black spots covering the dorsum (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="1729AA9444DF05D243E96D92AAFC46C3">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E16AK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="2154AB317605359134C7F487D515608D" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+67082
+</specimenCode>
+) or barely visible minute black spots and a few black marks in the anterior part of the body (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="CA10CE36F97CA5B0368BD6802FD95C39">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E56AK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="E6DA664C387B825D8CCC4FE74EB9B37C" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+68055
+</specimenCode>
+). Venter varies from paler (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="6A2157139ED0A46EB6A2985507C2FE41">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECABK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="87E0D47AE9B6C5AE1C9CFCD1E14A1E97" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+67086
+</specimenCode>
+) to darker cream (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="A513987D14B918AC23AFFA6FE02B993F">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGABK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="DA5C3AD97D8D0705766B3CCCD680487D" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+68055
+</specimenCode>
+). White supralabial stripe varies from absent (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="112D237370D33F34E0B042BE1A24685C">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKABK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="22D3A58EC58EA8DA8E3184A9753B5CBD" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+67082
+</specimenCode>
+), ill-defined (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="B27C57EEEE095732A45AEE7FE1AABA9C">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOABK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="C1DA675C8D09094DDAC8C8540BA580C2" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+67081
+</specimenCode>
+) to well-defined (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="499058C262744D6603CFA44C161681FF">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESABK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="AD76B29EAE806A5819D106A076C09FB9" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+67086
+</specimenCode>
+).
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="A931692AE7B319AD4F565F9725F57745">
+In life (Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="EE435E9827526AE2C2B2448247F98196" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Variation in life of Hyloscirtus maycu sp. nov. Dorsolateral, lateral, and ventral views. From top to bottom: QCAZ 67081 (adult female), QCAZ 67082 (adult male), QCAZ 67087 (holotype, adult male), QCAZ 67086 (adult female)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279275">17</figureCitation>
+), dorsum varies from olive green with scattered white spots throughout the body and limbs with thick black spots in the body and limbs (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="B76C470B4026BDCE1C7CFCD141AD961C">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3ABK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="D78FE1181E5B9319D770A2DE58747EDC" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+67081
+</specimenCode>
+) or few black marks in the body (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="05CB9DF4576C9E804B5F01B7A7452069">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EABBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="8C67AFCB6DB649033664E900881E89E7" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+67082
+</specimenCode>
+) to paler olive green with spread white marks covering the entire body and limbs and few black marks in the mid part of the body (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="C782B0A646FA15B7D36A5CFD58DC5064">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEBBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="DA255E7685B87E4B73CD5F40160868E5" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+67086
+</specimenCode>
+). Axillar and inguinal regions vary from blue (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="62392F093E168F04DEF0336415E61093">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIBBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="545FC9DAD8835143B22BF702C5DBBE63" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+67081
+</specimenCode>
+) to whitish. Ventral surfaces besides venter and posterior thighs vary from greenish (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="752C6BD589EC73802B8B26D3D9AF82E6">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMBBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="14943EF92060527590320CB1414C2E2C" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+67081
+</specimenCode>
+) to whitish (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="6576CD4787F73023272F6596F8CEA28E">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQBBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="40DEFA2A65A33C34B0E925A212C5561A" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+67082
+</specimenCode>
+). A white supralabial stripe is present (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="7BDB103D0FC1D0E22BFCD0587C938154">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUBBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="A8E434931C7A8EFC15C55026339A5BDD" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+67086
+</specimenCode>
+) or absent (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="84C0768DB27F534315644D59E89DEB52">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYBBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="3661A4248826008080BEAA11B11CAA90" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+67082
+</specimenCode>
+). Iris varies from clam shell with thin leather reticulations (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="3CA4C75D6A8B957AFB0F2018BE084BB3">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3BBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="CB514E325EE7DE1F62626EF18C84F5E3" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+67086
+</specimenCode>
+), thick pinkish reticulations (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="66082DB3EB351B19353C6AD2F0FFA632">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EACBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="FA7C9E875E603D973A6533B1644776DE" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+67081
+</specimenCode>
+) or thick leather reticulations (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="0C49244CBEBA78BB05D173BD3FD3126B">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EECBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="0167FF53B7F1306C7998F93879E1DB66" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+67082
+</specimenCode>
+).
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0EICBK" type="distribution">
+<paragraph id="3182F5C25D4E1BFC6C4963278A816CD0">
+<heading id="46CBD37D5C594E467EE8847772C8F8CC" reason="title">Distribution and natural history.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="8AB09FA501291B87BBEFBF5A23536E8E">
+<taxonomicName id="B126A1A8D7CC7424009E3876EB829F83" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maycu" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="0392EEB139AD3B847E2A50E08E8C37AD" italics="true">Hyloscirtus maycu</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="767FAA406F0802417ABF1086BF2740B3" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+is known only from its type locality in Provincia 
+<collectingRegion id="09306D3ADC3F75364D2033A09BF46481" country="Ecuador" name="Morona-Santiago">Morona Santiago</collectingRegion>
+and one locality in Provincia 
+<collectingRegion id="2287091EAF14DBC69BEF4A26FDE60A39" country="Ecuador" name="Zamora-Chinchipe">Zamora Chinchipe</collectingRegion>
+(airline distance 
+<quantity id="8F9C5376895F1A9CBE8BD173B7368CF3" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="km" value="32.0">32 km</quantity>
+), at elevations between 882 and 
+<quantity id="6DF0E5F0D271955C7611050B3A476751" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.183" unit="m" value="1183.0">1183 m</quantity>
+, on the foothills of Cordillera del Cóndor, in 
+<collectingCountry id="05B29DCB7D79C1296054C2427EA4AC14" name="Ecuador">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
+(Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="02E773B0567356C0E03E64A118C6919F" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Geographic distribution of Amazonian species of the Hyloscirtus bogotensis group. Stars represent the type locality of H. albopunctulatus, H. phyllognathus and H. torrenticola. Symbol colors in the map match those of the lineages in the phylogeny. Boxplot comparing the elevational ranges are shown, which excludes H. phyllognathus and H. torrenticola due to the small sample." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279263">5</figureCitation>
+). Biogeographic region is Eastern Lower Montane Forest (
+<bibRefCitation id="2526511584D27EDB5CCD4897C0BD4808" author="Ron" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ron" refId="B85" refString="Ron SR, Merino-Viteri A, Ortiz DA (2022) Anfibios del Ecuador. Version 2022.0. Museo de Zoología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador. https://bioweb.bio/faunaweb/amphibiaweb [accessed 21 March 2023]" url="https://bioweb.bio/faunaweb/amphibiaweb" year="2022">Ron et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
+). This species lives in primary and secondary forests. They are nocturnal and associated with ravines and streams. Males call from vegetation up to 
+<quantity id="2B1D3F841E48D5EF92978345AE247F08" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
+high, on the edge of the streams. One individual was recorded calling under a rock, and another on a rock in a ravine with low flow. A metamorph was found (in March) on an island of rock in the middle of a stream, suggesting that its tadpoles develop in streams, like other 
+<taxonomicName id="56732E867C9D66FD252CFEE04806A224" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
+<emphasis id="8F712FAECEF928DF6459F899916B8C3D" italics="true">Hyloscirtus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+. A tadpole (
+<specimenCode id="0A95A7219A88A231A5F2FB789D3CAAD0">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIDBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="DC90DB7863D4FDF6357251CA13B8E72C" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+67083
+</specimenCode>
+) was found on a pool next to a stream in February.
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0EMDBK" type="Advertisement call">
+<paragraph id="BC105A33637E8CB1C946C9A09C5035BB">
+<heading id="9BD52C7ACE8075EB34956484D0F83869" reason="title">Advertisement call.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="80D4B6DB8C82B12C5262FA8ACF3E8D3F">
+We analyzed five calls from one individual (
+<specimenCode id="9BC241825074EAAED7569A476A864ECE">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESDBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="D37893D495C6519851847A262DB03D53" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+67087
+</specimenCode>
+) from Reserva Natural Maycu, Provincia 
+<collectingRegion id="9E5FE66BA94DF6AB6864CE7F08199CDC" country="Ecuador" name="Zamora-Chinchipe">Zamora Chinchipe</collectingRegion>
+, 
+<date id="C4948382041A2DCA9726A1A185C11EE3" value="2017-02-27">27 February 2017</date>
+, recorded by J. Ortega. The advertisement call consists of a single tonal note, repeated 10–13 times in a series of calls (Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="FA9422E9EC98FDCEA2606F567B013F79" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Advertisement calls of Amazonian species of the Hyloscirtus bogotensis species group. Oscillograms above with their corresponding spectrograms below are shown for each species." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279267">9 B</figureCitation>
+). Average call duration is 
+<geoCoordinate id="2FA14BDE2DDB1A2D34085B1100AF4DEA" degrees="0.053" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-0.053">0.053 s</geoCoordinate>
+with an average inter-call interval of 
+<geoCoordinate id="F7A811E9D9B828063DEE5F12B43D042C" degrees="0.09" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-0.09">0.09 s</geoCoordinate>
+. The average dominant frequency of the call is 2343.8 Hz. Other call parameters are listed in Table 
+<tableCitation id="B976D7CD7D1DE4A826F61D2AC3E49FB2" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="T4" captionText="Table 4. Acoustic parameters comparing calls of Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus (Lineage A), H. maycu sp. nov. (Lineage B), H. elbakyanae sp. nov. (Lineage D), H. phyllognathus sensu stricto (Lineage E), H. UCS 2 (Lineage F), H. dispersus sp. nov. (Lineage G) and H. torrenticola from type locality. Mean ± SD is given with range in parentheses. Five calls were analyzed per individual." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/099975DED9AD88D1F9F91AA3582D90BC" tableUuid="099975DED9AD88D1F9F91AA3582D90BC">4</tableCitation>
+.
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0E5DBK" type="conservation status">
+<paragraph id="ED366D5FF1F2330DB79332C5ED664D28">
+<heading id="BC3F305415FF9BE91571902807E113FA" reason="title">Conservation status.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="D8CC6DE56C302ADB47BBF9974C625368">
+The distribution polygon of 
+<taxonomicName id="4D1CB06A06BBE63F1C2B29750E10A377" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maycu" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="78C7CA7F65279D746CF40AC5C18F1D26" italics="true">H. maycu</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="B229F6EA0B93ECADEE9830DB1D794E73" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+is 
+<quantity id="D4F21FEFE840A47D4F5BBA5472FC1365" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4799999999999995" unit="km" value="54.8">54.8 km</quantity>
+<superScript id="4A67BEC3FE63613989FD3352B5A5F3C9">2</superScript>
+(based on two localities). Its distribution range is small but overlaps with a protected area, Reserva Natural Maycu; however, it is also found in Cordillera del Cóndor, an area severely fragmented by deforestation due to agriculture, cattle raising, and threatened mining activities. In response to its distribution range being less than 
+<quantity id="5C71967F0D605226F93E3A3DE561F062" metricMagnitude="7" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="20000.0">20000 km</quantity>
+2 and by having less than 10 known localities, we propose assigning 
+<taxonomicName id="117B000B00BC2FB6B5959D0FEF150FD1" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maycu" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="0D3F09DBC7428CE64E4898D731C0EF8F" italics="true">H. maycu</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="BEF871AB264F0C095B0FAD89C027B0D2" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+to the Red List category Vulnerable c (VU B 1 a).
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0E3EBK" type="etymology">
+<paragraph id="66E135C031F49BC879AE37ED6910D445">
+<heading id="8261322175FC9B6C3FD2F716D585892D" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="2A5D341103CCC24A9E34FD1ACC87A777">
+The specific epithet 
+<taxonomicName id="A1C7B8E6217082EA106279BCB7BC2ECA" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maycu">
+<emphasis id="E76980736C97B47545B8B562EEC35796" italics="true">maycu</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+is used as a noun in apposition and refers to the type locality of the species, a protected area in 
+<collectingCountry id="C00AB3CFA33E467F808482638DC581F3" name="Ecuador">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
+named Reserva Natural Maycu, managed by the NGO Naturaleza y Cultura Internacional. “Maycu” seems to be a derivation of the Shuar word “Maycua” or “Maycuwa”, which the Shuar people use to refer to some species of small trees of the genus 
+<taxonomicName id="D82BF1A2F45243808DA6F373957010C9" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Brugmansia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
+<emphasis id="F6AE8EF089E950B937B6E0197283F184" italics="true">Brugmansia</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+(angel’s trumpet). The southern border of the Reserve has been invaded by illegal miners and provides an additional example of the threat that mining represents for biodiversity conservation (F. Serrano, in litt.).
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+</treatment>
+</document>
--- a/data/8A/6B/DA/8A6BDAA17B46595EBCE5CE0D1B0346E4.xml
+++ b/data/8A/6B/DA/8A6BDAA17B46595EBCE5CE0D1B0346E4.xml
@ -0,0 +1,921 @@
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+<mods:title id="BB7A4E4FE69CF2571B15FC4D7383B3E3">Three new species of torrent treefrogs (Anura, Hylidae) of the Hyloscirtus bogotensis group from the eastern Andean slopes and the biogeographic history of the genus</mods:title>
+</mods:titleInfo>
+<mods:name id="5876A378EFE079935B3B206F94163E3F" type="personal">
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+<mods:affiliation id="440BD7629F43A2460CDCC9014FA24F25">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Naturales y Ambientales, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Av. 12 de Octubre y Roca, Aptdo. 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador &amp; 3 Diversity, Santo Domingo Oe 5 - 71 y Cuba, Quito, Ecuador &amp; Institute of Biology, Molecular Evolution and Systematics of Animals, University of Leipzig, Talstrasse 33, 04103 Leipzig, Germany</mods:affiliation>
+</mods:name>
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+</mods:role>
+<mods:namePart id="7E5EF97E376CD1C513C9A8ABDF964FD4">Streicher, Jeffrey W.</mods:namePart>
+<mods:nameIdentifier id="29A0DFEB605A579689FA2F53DF8F7260" type="ORCID">0000-0002-3738-4162</mods:nameIdentifier>
+<mods:affiliation id="0262368B72F3C173C5F3D25A2EBE82EB">Herpetology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW 7 5 BD, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
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+<mods:namePart id="3145BDC72A3347B00A8415ADE40A381C">Venegas, Pablo J.</mods:namePart>
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+<mods:affiliation id="7080195899A4562243ACE1FFDE83081D">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Naturales y Ambientales, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Av. 12 de Octubre y Roca, Aptdo. 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador &amp; Rainforest Partnership, 4005 Guadalupe St., Austin, TX 78751, USA &amp; Instituto Peruano de Herpetología (IPH), Augusto Salazar Bondy 136, Urb. Higuereta, Surco, Lima, Peru</mods:affiliation>
+</mods:name>
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+<mods:namePart id="8FF4619950D722D1F8D583851CC56907">Ron, Santiago R.</mods:namePart>
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+<mods:part id="29226BD745972C7F017C76F6E18660BC">
+<mods:date id="B0EBC19A0AD3A17EC405D4F6D49344D2">2025</mods:date>
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+</mods:mods>
+<treatment id="8A6BDAA17B46595EBCE5CE0D1B0346E4" ID-arpha="8A6BDAA1-7B46-595E-BCE5-CE0D1B0346E4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8A6BDAA17B46595EBCE5CE0D1B0346E4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8A6BDAA17B46595EBCE5CE0D1B0346E4">
+<subSubSection id="306A186D8B54696634A5301D7FEA3D87" type="nomenclature">
+<paragraph id="88B7E730F4CA01745DBE355D766BF768">
+<taxonomicName id="96562007C2E0647C21315D06CC5D796A" ID-CoL="3NGPJ" authority="(Boulenger, 1882)" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1882" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="39E53772813DD6F7E1BF2468F8975AD9" italics="true">Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+(
+<bibRefCitation id="655E508A4AB42033022E4E4805FC2857" author="Boulenger GA" journalOrPublisher="Printed by order of the Trustees, London" refId="B9" refString="Boulenger GA (1882) Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia s. Ecaudata in the collection of the British Museum (2 nd edn.). Printed by order of the Trustees, London, 588 pp." title="Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia s. Ecaudata in the collection of the British Museum (2 nd edn.)." year="1882">Boulenger, 1882</bibRefCitation>
+)
+</taxonomicName>
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="BD4448A393D47BCF3216CBB1B984DF16" type="description">
+<paragraph id="6A093FF9A56B815E345C13629EC1FF38">
+<figureCitation id="A69AF0A6313079E70D04D85CE3125715" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Photographs of the type material of Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus and H. torrenticola species A dorsal and ventral views of the lectotype of H. albopunctulatus BMNH 1880.12. 5.230 B dorsal and ventral views of the holotype of H. torrenticola KU 16957. Photographs by JWS (A) and Martín R. Bustamante (BIOWEB archive) (B)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279262">Figs 4</figureCitation>
+, 
+<figureCitation id="24B05998B1A717637B93573E02A6114F" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Geographic distribution of Amazonian species of the Hyloscirtus bogotensis group. Stars represent the type locality of H. albopunctulatus, H. phyllognathus and H. torrenticola. Symbol colors in the map match those of the lineages in the phylogeny. Boxplot comparing the elevational ranges are shown, which excludes H. phyllognathus and H. torrenticola due to the small sample." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279263">5</figureCitation>
+, 
+<figureCitation id="966EEE3C1B1D30B559EBBF5D914BF7C9" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Boxplot of the snout-vent length (SVL) comparison analysis. SVL measurements of adult males and females of Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus, H. maycu sp. nov., H. elbakyanae sp. nov., H. dispersus sp. nov., and H. phyllognathus. The line in the middle of the box represents the median and the upper and lower ends of the box are the 75 % and 25 % quartiles, respectively." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279265">7</figureCitation>
+, 
+<figureCitation id="38C4933B638869890A71D8C4829B3C7F" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Advertisement calls of Amazonian species of the Hyloscirtus bogotensis species group. Oscillograms above with their corresponding spectrograms below are shown for each species." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279267">9</figureCitation>
+, 
+<figureCitation id="7064DA5DAAFB7F6E5C17A2044153B133" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Ventral views of right hands and feet of the species A H. albopunctulatus, QCAZ 59825, SVL: 37.9 mm, female B H. maycu sp. nov., QCAZ 67087, SVL: 34.1 mm, male C H. elbakyanae sp. nov., QCAZ 53808, SVL: 36.1 mm, male D H. dispersus sp. nov., QCAZ 52006, SVL: 32.6 mm, male." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279269">11</figureCitation>
+, 
+<figureCitation id="2987B305397E76B61376AC50FCDB83AD" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Variation of preserved specimens of Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus. Dorsal and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: QCAZ 62188, 59825 (adult females), QCAZ 59817, 54111 (adult males); third and fourth rows: QCAZ 59823, 59827, 59814 (adult males), QCAZ 59809 (subadult female). See Suppl. material 1: table S 1 for locality information. All specimens are shown at the same scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279271">13</figureCitation>
+, 
+<figureCitation id="6B4085CD661074C88711A551871D6E16" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Phenotypic plasticity in dorsal color of Hyloscirtus. Left column: H. albopunctulatus, QCAZ 59822, adult male. Right column: Hyloscirtus alytolylax, QCAZ 64841, adult male. Photos in A, B were taken within 17 days of each other; photos in C, D within 16 minutes E Inset of the hindleg of QCAZ 64841 showing chromatophore change." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279272">14</figureCitation>
+, 
+<figureCitation id="FEB565E8CA0B084FA9838E4851DD6EEE" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Variation in life of Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus. Dorsolateral and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: QCAZ 59825, 59811, 59824 (adult females); third and fourth rows: QCAZ 59808, 59823 (adult males)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279273">15</figureCitation>
+<bibRefCitation id="5B02BFF7434AB136689F91CBE9C00551" DOI="10.2307/1447688" author="Frank N &amp; Ramus E" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pagination="1066-1069" refId="B38" refString="Frank N, Ramus E (1996) Review of A Complete Guide to Scientific and Common Names of Reptiles and Amphibians of the World. Copeia 1996: 1066–1069. https://doi.org/10.2307/1447688" title="Review of A Complete Guide to Scientific and Common Names of Reptiles and Amphibians of the World." volume="1996" year="1996">Common name: Standard English name: White-speckled tree frog Standard Spanish name: Rana de torrente de puntos blancos (Frank and Ramus 1996</bibRefCitation>
+)
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="A97A8605BA7C7023571EE6FE80B0D103" type="reference_group">
+<paragraph id="CFE3C01A99E17AA025EAD38D92FC71AC">
+<treatmentCitationGroup id="D5EB730A5C6DB0B5B78139FAC7E6820B">
+<treatmentCitation id="8081B5CF1EDF205522D194C9543B69CB" author="Boulenger GA" page="385" year="1882">
+<taxonomicName id="4F519685417DFDAC9D62077059EADA98" ID-CoL="3NCJV" authority="Boulenger, 1882: 385" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityPageNumber="385" authorityYear="1882" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulata">
+<emphasis id="C1EF883B2090B61015576E6E9EDB464D" italics="true">Hyla albopunctulata</emphasis>
+<comment id="CB1D5DD514141408B606CE574F3C62CE">
+<bibRefCitation id="15AC756AB3DD9CA909FF440A505F0332" author="Boulenger GA" journalOrPublisher="Printed by order of the Trustees, London" refId="B9" refString="Boulenger GA (1882) Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia s. Ecaudata in the collection of the British Museum (2 nd edn.). Printed by order of the Trustees, London, 588 pp." title="Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia s. Ecaudata in the collection of the British Museum (2 nd edn.)." year="1882">Boulenger, 1882: 385</bibRefCitation>
+, fig. 4. Type locality: Sarayacu, 
+<collectingCountry id="361ABEAC097FDA0B21A8C881281A180E" name="Ecuador">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
+.
+</comment>
+</taxonomicName>
+</treatmentCitation>
+</treatmentCitationGroup>
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0EFIDI" type="type material">
+<paragraph id="DA855CF598537D9D3DDA4CBB62A31D65">
+<heading id="A5DC0E48292724ED07E14BACDC307378" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="554CBE403AA4CB76A55D5BB836CF116F">
+<materialsCitation id="DAF177C7E1E316AE0E65B4CD4D802748" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Ecuador" location="Sarayacu" specimenCode="BMNH 1880.12.5.230" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
+Designated 
+<emphasis id="3D32F9FC2F16D552AE41FF549100A7CB" bold="true" italics="true">
+<typeStatus id="49D53DE1D944B655CF58C7E6814F7D84" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
+</emphasis>
+(Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="B1290C03CEB8AA93F5E6892444787F9E" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Photographs of the type material of Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus and H. torrenticola species A dorsal and ventral views of the lectotype of H. albopunctulatus BMNH 1880.12. 5.230 B dorsal and ventral views of the holotype of H. torrenticola KU 16957. Photographs by JWS (A) and Martín R. Bustamante (BIOWEB archive) (B)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279262">4 A</figureCitation>
+): 
+<specimenCode id="0ACD902990D9269BD63FD0DF6DC98DCD">BMNH 1880.12.5.230</specimenCode>
+, 
+<specimenCount id="93207EC083386F4FC94541B87E37CB41" count="1" type="male">adult male</specimenCount>
+, from “ 
+<location id="6F0EACCD24B47F32D86DC499AD35FF0F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8A6BDAA17B46595EBCE5CE0D1B0346E4:6F0EACCD24B47F32D86DC499AD35FF0F" country="Ecuador" name="Sarayacu">Sarayacu</location>
+, 
+<collectingCountry id="4864A3A5272428914BDC61ACE84EEAE0" name="Ecuador">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
+”
+</materialsCitation>
+. 
+<materialsCitation id="29309FB28CE91EF18BE8E02A9C3EA696" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Ecuador" location="Ecuador" specimenCode="BMNH 1880.12.5.159" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
+<emphasis id="FAEB28941CFFB3B77DAFDF908623A0BD" bold="true" italics="true">
+<typeStatus id="D5B4E6A61A6003604D4824F46B696C16" type="paralectotype">Paralectotypes</typeStatus>
+</emphasis>
+: 
+<specimenCode id="1FE3C79FAA4F0B3E35E5D97E66EB79B2">BMNH 1880.12.5.159</specimenCode>
+–162 
+<specimenCount id="D68CAC1E05F28E55FCEB92B6767433C7" count="1" type="male">adult males</specimenCount>
+from “ 
+<collectingCountry id="BB525E805E49E980D40E6B1C078CAECA" name="Ecuador">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
+”
+</materialsCitation>
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0EVIDI" type="Definition">
+<paragraph id="EBDDE5732D30950E0AF59FCCCF447D5C">
+<heading id="EE130BB5E8EAEC19E716FAE509D8B8F6" reason="title">Definition.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="552934D49639DAFF0861E1C6B1528BC9">
+In this section, coloration and characters refer to preserved specimens unless otherwise mentioned, based on 
+<specimenCount id="B149EB59BCC82E633711ED048FB913B4" count="4" type="female">four adult females</specimenCount>
+and 
+<specimenCount id="5BBFB2C5FA772E67F5F5E36B0D17A2EF" count="17" type="male">17 adult males</specimenCount>
+, including the 
+<typeStatus id="4358FBD6749BF782EACF9D6455585B6C" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
+. 
+<taxonomicName id="4D9A5C9B03A9717E2927E24795B39D96" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1882" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="9F102EDFB80AA62DE5A86173F34BF971" italics="true">Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+can be diagnosed by the combination of the following characters: (1) mean 
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGJDI" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+<quantity id="1FB917D014CDFE062B9F5F1E1C631364" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2299999999999995" unit="mm" value="32.3">32.3 mm</quantity>
+in 
+<specimenCount id="3C552DA25315F51FC5FF3BE8CD25CF0E" count="1" type="male">adult males</specimenCount>
+(range 30.3–35.5; 
+<emphasis id="C8C84E2ABC11F02F3240B8B0CE29CD56" italics="true">n</emphasis>
+= 17) and mean 
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMJDI" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+<quantity id="FB4D107A7592336409B6C96257D1EF4A" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.78" unit="mm" value="37.8">37.8 mm</quantity>
+in 
+<specimenCount id="79F001F7F86C59C702ADB7EE020F6DD7" count="1" type="female">adult females</specimenCount>
+(range 37.1–38.1; 
+<emphasis id="6FA6F2BB153CC60B59EE35A9A371E15F" italics="true">n</emphasis>
+= 4) (Suppl. material 
+<xref id="0C5CD4937E8AF8320DD3C85C1B79B447" ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S1">1</xref>
+: table S 5, Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="9D099978C85AFEDA773E4099F70BA46C" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Boxplot of the snout-vent length (SVL) comparison analysis. SVL measurements of adult males and females of Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus, H. maycu sp. nov., H. elbakyanae sp. nov., H. dispersus sp. nov., and H. phyllognathus. The line in the middle of the box represents the median and the upper and lower ends of the box are the 75 % and 25 % quartiles, respectively." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279265">7</figureCitation>
+); (2) white supralabial stripe present; (3) tympanum round, inconspicuous in males and distinct in females, supratympanic fold present and unpigmented; (4) white ulnar and tarsal folds present and thick; (5) subarticular tubercles varying from small to inconspicuous in hands and feet; (6) supernumerary tubercles inconspicuous in hands and feet; (7) calcar tubercle absent; (8) pericloacal spots well-defined; (9) all surfaces plain cream with a combination of black and white spots in the dorsum; (10) in life, dorsal surfaces and flanks olive green to yellowish green, covered with white spots and with or without sparce or clumped black spots; axillar and inguinal regions yellowish or blueish; venter and anterior and posterior surfaces of thighs yellow; other ventral surfaces silver, brownish or greenish; yellow pericloacal spots; webbing yellow orange; iris clam shell with black or sand dune reticulations; (11) the advertisement call consist of a single note, with a mean duration of 0.051 ± 
+<geoCoordinate id="5E12ADB5CC11EACEB654C41DCE114947" degrees="0.005" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-0.005">0.005 s</geoCoordinate>
+, a mean dominant frequency of 2147.84 ± 137.36 Hz and a fundamental frequency of 1214.12 ± 184.71 Hz. The call can be repeated consecutively for an indefinite number of times (2 –&gt; 70) in a series of calls.
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0E1JDI" type="diagnosis">
+<paragraph id="A6FE26A03DA98469A0CC3A59AA76A116">
+<heading id="9B869E98D23F932D75794DCBB8665D9D" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="571D2E7415C7FC59867DD143E653DA1D">
+Characters in this section pertain to preserved specimens unless otherwise noticed. Coloration refers to live specimens. The most similar species to 
+<taxonomicName id="400BB198CD9080CCD0DD9A7DC633F4E6" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1882" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="926EB285A9185E79C313D7BCA8B17A0F" italics="true">Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+living in the Amazon basin are 
+<taxonomicName id="F2D79A9D5E6E1BFC20116856467994B6" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maycu" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="2DFD0893750914861877A68BE8CA2B4C" italics="true">H. maycu</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="438710022B31BF374AD1599A4BAA4754" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+, 
+<taxonomicName id="AD377317E81449EBCC0C1B2DF33DD00D" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="7365AAE7DDAEAE110D3D60C0B4821FDB" italics="true">H. elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="4028FAA9D5AAFEC801EA852269F166B7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+, 
+<taxonomicName id="EF93EB3A237008B1B0FC7305CA5663CE" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispersus" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="C89D99B60B44D37AC8D713AD067604CD" italics="true">H. dispersus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="7F64F9F7618FDE452CB4EE020FDF5BB1" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+, 
+<taxonomicName id="4A73DB839F11BE7DB7F700BD00EB6762" baseAuthorityName="Melin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllognathus">
+<emphasis id="2FF3E491107933E4DA50DD62C3439FC5" italics="true">H. phyllognathus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+, and 
+<emphasis id="43121EF1A22C1EE5E5E7BAFB7562878D" italics="true">
+<taxonomicName id="3AAD390459D18704CB120B7946C6D568" baseAuthorityName="Duellman and Altig" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrenticola">H. torrenticola</taxonomicName>
+. 
+<taxonomicName id="D9BEC83F2CAD0B28F00986D0BFC10AE6" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1882" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus</taxonomicName>
+</emphasis>
+differs by having a white supralabial stripe (absent in 
+<taxonomicName id="43250F62B347588DEA1A2D921A25D689" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="A463F05B7C213E53DA6D271C6C167C2D" italics="true">H. elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="0584E3017783756A6E2C066643474889" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+), a supratympanic fold (absent in all species except in 
+<taxonomicName id="0875E74A30888B5B4B52A356591ED211" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispersus" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="B91636A0977A4AA06C5A9DF92A79060A" italics="true">H. dispersus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="C35E00C619821C2594A2AA7CBEE979EB" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+), a thick tarsal fold (rudimentary in 
+<taxonomicName id="55BECEEE23E5E12126CFDC6AEF070820" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maycu" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="FE047A48145F03A06C25AB0B257EAE58" italics="true">H. maycu</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="08F4B289675F2B8AFD33821CB75FFFB8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+, 
+<taxonomicName id="73BFF181DFA563FA2046638D871EDF32" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="2B5DA83EB2E3084C9F4B82DFD5236D71" italics="true">H. elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="32B887C9241A910321CD59F74DAD2731" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+, and 
+<taxonomicName id="AFDBCB7B1681B79288A68FD2E54174C5" baseAuthorityName="Melin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllognathus">
+<emphasis id="561838396E27A5CBEA8A244F2577DE9E" italics="true">H. phyllognathus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+), small to inconspicuous subarticular tubercles in hands and feet (conspicuous in hands and feet in 
+<taxonomicName id="E56E5340921972CE1409CA16345CDE9B" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maycu" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="89D33384972F65AE6DCB7A7D96C259A0" italics="true">H. maycu</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="44CA9EFD0AE049163C8B7E3661E9CBC7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+, 
+<taxonomicName id="BC6676A5B14AE2DA63495AA2BD9BCEF4" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="3472E6F535D377CD091AEF1E6B46CD17" italics="true">H. elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="4B41252A0FBA42A7C31E6C78461937E4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+, and 
+<taxonomicName id="7625D2A356C9E38007E29972E16B7BC1" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispersus" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="87DC2BD194B445CD8BACF77ABA150158" italics="true">H. dispersus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="D538591700E4A0832D297D34C53B3C4F" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+; Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="53CDA11C2C452834CE375582E0759CD8" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Ventral views of right hands and feet of the species A H. albopunctulatus, QCAZ 59825, SVL: 37.9 mm, female B H. maycu sp. nov., QCAZ 67087, SVL: 34.1 mm, male C H. elbakyanae sp. nov., QCAZ 53808, SVL: 36.1 mm, male D H. dispersus sp. nov., QCAZ 52006, SVL: 32.6 mm, male." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279269">11</figureCitation>
+), inconspicuous supernumerary tubercles in hands and feet (conspicuous in hands in 
+<taxonomicName id="1B86B28C025395A0EFD32A215C73962B" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispersus" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="A05CBAAE948E2743B93520C3D75005E6" italics="true">H. dispersus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="1AFA3CE6DE721F82168593661A773503" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+), an absent calcar tubercle (present in 
+<taxonomicName id="1156A24C318C312E46073E529D5774A7" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispersus" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="A563C6A9C0B4BC4E9C4500C74D491793" italics="true">H. dispersus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="E36F35B4A926DA82CF1AC0DDAFB3C990" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+and 
+<taxonomicName id="513D97593F7A4FBC115D565C2BD87701" baseAuthorityName="Melin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllognathus">
+<emphasis id="184D17E289A1804F1913DF679DA35273" italics="true">H. phyllognathus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+), well-defined pericloacal spots (ill-defined or absent in 
+<taxonomicName id="74A1D1671A30758EE917E031C8247794" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maycu" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="D6FCDBD6548AD4C628D8B8E3104FF57B" italics="true">H. maycu</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="4A583A1A0CD54BE9C4B15A8E8B4A020C" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+, 
+<taxonomicName id="D970E9F772B5C3E218FD1447F7960223" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="191BA2217AFC4C4495299DBFE6CD9D50" italics="true">H. elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="4C988A23FB74847E07767CBA74FAF44B" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+, and 
+<taxonomicName id="D3BDA163A66F9FF8F24A0B71BCA6D770" baseAuthorityName="Duellman and Altig" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrenticola">
+<emphasis id="27CBD368073C7F9A6C13A8EDFC234732" italics="true">H. torrenticola</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+), and a clam shell iris with black or sand dune reticulations (a clam shell iris with dark pinkish or leather reticulations in 
+<taxonomicName id="8F73EBDB871D661718F2618380ED43E7" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maycu" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="2BB7C4212322D3447F521351E0AF0458" italics="true">H. maycu</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="64C4BC860D9A6E4069851C8185252E6A" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+and 
+<taxonomicName id="98EB3E0E09CCF584A06BE5AE796FB35B" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="DF67C7E78E6C40F768BAAD73C9608D4A" italics="true">H. elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="FE60F7EEABC1645C8681B52238755435" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+, pearl or pinkish iris with leather reticulations in 
+<taxonomicName id="44DB8314885F4340CE22C1941254C1F3" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispersus" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="83DC29581A80B3E167A1D630C0ADAD22" italics="true">H. dispersus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="951C58408888D7BAD27D271DC7B42C1E" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+and bronze iris in 
+<taxonomicName id="715D8A7686F48F145BA553BEE24D3081" baseAuthorityName="Duellman and Altig" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrenticola">
+<emphasis id="BFE11F959E1DEC9DF75C2641D6A4B9A7" italics="true">H. torrenticola</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+, Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="AF4C2C8333552B52E58485E6F01B6252" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Photographs of individuals of Hyloscirtus phyllognathus and H. torrenticola species in life A dorsolateral and ventral views of a male of H. phyllognathus sensu stricto (CORBIDI 9590, Catarata Ahuashiyacu, San Martín, Perú) B dorsolateral view of a female of H. torrenticola (MAR 1938, Departamento de Caquetá, Colombia) C dorsolateral view of a male of H. torrenticola (MAR 1974, same locality as B). Photographs by Alessandro Catenazzi (A) and Marco Rada (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279270">12</figureCitation>
+).
+</paragraph>
+<caption id="A9FF66039A7A91E15C2776B583D9B1C2" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure11" ID-arpha="11670169-15A4-5885-9F51-9BA1FCD9DD74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279269" startId="F11">
+<paragraph id="D8633B8A1A28014E9DA19B2C0A36B9F6">
+<label id="F2A29225C6DED37B2396C4CCF82E28A6">Figure 11.</label>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="93A318FFA698F5979815E07D0CBFBE50">
+Ventral views of right hands and feet of the species 
+<emphasis id="639D5B1B7BF7E0180D81D6202FF94F88" bold="true">A</emphasis>
+<taxonomicName id="64C710730C7A8C41A703CFE8E01BC155" authority=", QCAZ" authorityName="QCAZ" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="E657D37FC23E489D69C78B36ADCDA72E" italics="true">H. albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+, 
+<specimenCode id="075342270C2FDA65256BF8C41653BED1">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPTDI" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+59825
+</specimenCode>
+</taxonomicName>
+, 
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETTDI" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+: 37.9 mm, female 
+<emphasis id="F9327EE0D95C3794E3CB2AB0B0C4F556" bold="true">B</emphasis>
+<taxonomicName id="2144F8858A362B024166A34B5A3F1486" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maycu" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="12A5C0A6362BC5B075A2159D8E581ECE" italics="true">H. maycu</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="577AB0DB3C8C7D88052EFB705547C094" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+, 
+<specimenCode id="820EA83CB19F6FDC933B0D189A961C54">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEUDI" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+67087
+</specimenCode>
+, 
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIUDI" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+: 34.1 mm, male 
+<emphasis id="3D62D4E4D6A3650C5E3B1035DE30F939" bold="true">C</emphasis>
+<taxonomicName id="46CF847AA04E5652AA63984CF12FC058" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="A6D39B081D02832C01BBCAB91AF426AE" italics="true">H. elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="E6740CDDE0CEA9384D5D410EDE2E0BAB" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+, 
+<specimenCode id="10068A620542CD47AF3C08DB2DDBE1AB">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZUDI" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+53808
+</specimenCode>
+, 
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4UDI" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+: 36.1 mm, male 
+<emphasis id="0582ABE511AE2FAEFE58C0026F83A088" bold="true">D</emphasis>
+<taxonomicName id="B7E9A4B35E41CF52898D474DA5217DAE" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispersus" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="3CC492B3E1BA1C579425921A80CBD6FC" italics="true">H. dispersus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="A28CF5FF860002FD9366BC225AF7F5E5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+, 
+<specimenCode id="F5F20114172ECE3643E10B8F220CA21F">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOVDI" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+52006
+</specimenCode>
+, 
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESVDI" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+: 32.6 mm, male.
+</paragraph>
+</caption>
+<caption id="FD9CA6E9E63DDDC5D1A0D9D30A453C4B" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure12" ID-arpha="B367153F-7380-59BE-B4F0-ABC0969306E5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279270" startId="F12">
+<paragraph id="6D4294A5041AFC7A996EC98480F10E82">
+<label id="DA59CEDD96A6E746ADBC4216FE7F9EE5">Figure 12.</label>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="6BEEB21CB327A44AC3970C7AA478F866">
+Photographs of individuals of 
+<taxonomicName id="A30A7FE279C67575D4717696118DDD65" baseAuthorityName="Melin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllognathus">
+<emphasis id="026256F6A0BF6C231A0575B6623DAA1C" italics="true">Hyloscirtus phyllognathus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+and 
+<taxonomicName id="F66F977344CDE4CF4E6823650B90839E" baseAuthorityName="Duellman and Altig" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrenticola">
+<emphasis id="0FF1BF0717C51BC6A2D0BB82170B8B57" italics="true">H. torrenticola</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+species in life 
+<emphasis id="B53333B8F9494303D5F112872363F966" bold="true">A</emphasis>
+dorsolateral and ventral views of a male of 
+<taxonomicName id="600C6FF2EFDE81BB4BD193C3C45F2E11" baseAuthorityName="Melin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllognathus">
+<emphasis id="EDD1974EB0967164483F465CB4F65FA3" italics="true">H. phyllognathus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="2C37D0D72613D7EC0310E59C9B6D3B33" sensu="stricto">sensu stricto</taxonomicNameLabel>
+(
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGXDI" xlink_title="División de Herpetología at Centro de Ornitología y Biodiversidad">CORBIDI</abbrev>
+9590, Catarata Ahuashiyacu, San Martín, Perú) 
+<emphasis id="ACB547A1C43A0D030EC170A1AF376DB1" bold="true">B</emphasis>
+dorsolateral view of a female of 
+<taxonomicName id="153785E6C9F4F8AC88B2F0A670AEEFE6" baseAuthorityName="Duellman and Altig" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrenticola">
+<emphasis id="75D15DC2B2A5FF2D07E5FC05A0C5BE9C" italics="true">H. torrenticola</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+(
+<specimenCode id="701BB108FB4B188E6DE5684AE5170B83">MAR 1938</specimenCode>
+, Departamento de Caquetá, Colombia) 
+<emphasis id="A8DFE41589058FB7597DC6A714182ABC" bold="true">C</emphasis>
+dorsolateral view of a male of 
+<taxonomicName id="561AAF264A5A5C9264E44EF2287C7D26" baseAuthorityName="Duellman and Altig" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrenticola">
+<emphasis id="8DFFE5F849703A849497C3FDFC0B5B63" italics="true">H. torrenticola</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+(
+<specimenCode id="2D2BD2FFCA6C74319A81E3FDE0863700">MAR 1974</specimenCode>
+, same locality as B). Photographs by Alessandro Catenazzi (
+<emphasis id="3E476169D012CA22832409B00A1AA3D5" bold="true">A</emphasis>
+) and Marco Rada (
+<emphasis id="54B9030C8481D076F184C0498B4DA4EF" bold="true">B, C</emphasis>
+).
+</paragraph>
+</caption>
+<paragraph id="DABAF1D5A5490034DB81B29651FBF1DE">
+The advertisement call of 
+<taxonomicName id="7900DE81B17A4558B2296946604D808C" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="1D13ADA91BD9D91E738914F66E8EC9A8" italics="true">H. albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+has a rise time of 2.28 ± 
+<geoCoordinate id="C37CBD7E42AA6A87B4AD5C552C4DE972" degrees="0.80" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-0.8">0.80 s</geoCoordinate>
+(shorter in 
+<taxonomicName id="3B38B651CB74D15A66E04645F4348A79" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maycu" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="ACBAD70EF5E0909283112548672162D1" italics="true">H. maycu</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="F103778825F658FF8FE3177A97055768" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+with 
+<geoCoordinate id="72A06FA6B3AF5FA73E75E8BEBCEE8083" degrees="0.832" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-0.832">0.832 s</geoCoordinate>
+and in 
+<taxonomicName id="7F699205C5F6C45951D266E9C7D88C7A" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="16D5D79B4523379121501642BFB59173" italics="true">H. elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="D33BCAAD532772561AFF4A9A0FB51FF9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+with 0.57 ± 
+<geoCoordinate id="355B514AA20A07444EE5DF10D8EE8EAF" degrees="0.05" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-0.05">0.05 s</geoCoordinate>
+), a dominant frequency of 2149.84 ± 137.36 Hz and a fundamental frequency of 1214.12 ± 184.71 Hz (higher dominant frequency of 2795.41 ± 138.68 Hz and fundamental frequency of 2210.8–2924.2 Hz in 
+<taxonomicName id="643C5CFA0BF47A1D0E3FCC5A13AFA37B" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispersus" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="99F15747C0950BFD39CC8FBCC0EF795D" italics="true">Hyloscirtus dispersus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="0EC66E80162DCA41D771659BBF224C81" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+). 
+<taxonomicName id="4BB1E1112EA0155FAC35128C7533F797" baseAuthorityName="Duellman and Altig" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrenticola">
+<emphasis id="D0F85D69F6C49E9AF9030E021FD6D3F2" italics="true">Hyloscirtus torrenticola</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+also has a higher dominant frequency of 2743.79 ± 48.22 Hz and a fundamental frequency of 2743.75 ± 48.16 Hz. 
+<taxonomicName id="371251777C249BDB5D6A3F126C724AD8" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="26E4D5C860A2128969A5323224F69A96" italics="true">Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+has a call duration of 0.051 ± 
+<geoCoordinate id="541869D945CEA06CD1F9BDBBDACEC04B" degrees="0.005" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-0.005">0.005 s</geoCoordinate>
+(longer in 
+<taxonomicName id="55516AB47418DD404C6BDDBBDD12AA30" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispersus" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="26DF1DCD099AA7A2CD102BE3EE251F61" italics="true">H. dispersus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="6E0B5F8EBA75D59EDB9ABD48579C13CE" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+with 0.11 ± 
+<geoCoordinate id="26242E954BAB4F1B01DC314525876A35" degrees="0.015" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-0.015">0.015 s</geoCoordinate>
+). 
+<taxonomicName id="6483E017D0994B142EA7C3034D2E4AAC" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="6AA616BC5560BD72218A1A08824F98DA" italics="true">Hyloscirtus</emphasis>
+<emphasis id="4F3369548BF7E820013836ED1D31CE55" italics="true">albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+has an intercall duration of 0.30 ± 
+<geoCoordinate id="0CE526C019C15633658E02E0751C12DD" degrees="0.06" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-0.06">0.06 s</geoCoordinate>
+(shorter in 
+<taxonomicName id="640E4328573CF3472D47F5A349AD0507" baseAuthorityName="Melin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllognathus">
+<emphasis id="A482BE247A64BB2B962B521DAC1528B3" italics="true">H. phyllognathus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+with 
+<geoCoordinate id="DD83C2B3C05605948B480E6EB2FDE87F" degrees="0.05" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-0.05">0.05 s</geoCoordinate>
+and in 
+<taxonomicName id="5D7FB560C002451E12FC5D8C77428D2A" baseAuthorityName="Duellman and Altig" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrenticola">
+<emphasis id="ADCE53E542FC9547A37D7338C8D54625" italics="true">H. torrenticola</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+with 0.07 ± 
+<geoCoordinate id="CC9548DE283BE80AB61CC593860E3D86" degrees="0.007" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-0.007">0.007 s</geoCoordinate>
+) (Table 
+<tableCitation id="B780F14D7B1A7F6FC3F1783EFCBCC9AE" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="T4" captionText="Table 4. Acoustic parameters comparing calls of Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus (Lineage A), H. maycu sp. nov. (Lineage B), H. elbakyanae sp. nov. (Lineage D), H. phyllognathus sensu stricto (Lineage E), H. UCS 2 (Lineage F), H. dispersus sp. nov. (Lineage G) and H. torrenticola from type locality. Mean ± SD is given with range in parentheses. Five calls were analyzed per individual." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/099975DED9AD88D1F9F91AA3582D90BC" tableUuid="099975DED9AD88D1F9F91AA3582D90BC">4</tableCitation>
+, Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="3A45C21B979EFBE0BD9D76E46B0D5CF6" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Advertisement calls of Amazonian species of the Hyloscirtus bogotensis species group. Oscillograms above with their corresponding spectrograms below are shown for each species." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279267">9</figureCitation>
+; 
+<bibRefCitation id="23D69544290C463396A834AE99F702AA" author="Melin" firstAuthor="Melin" journalOrPublisher="Gothenburg, Sweden" refId="B61" refString="Melin D (1941) Contributions to the knowledge of the amphibia of south America. Gothenburg, Sweden, 71 pp." title="Contributions to the knowledge of the amphibia of south America." year="1941">Melin 1941</bibRefCitation>
+; 
+<bibRefCitation id="1B81C5EA5AE17FC0A8E984B1D4E57E0D" author="Duellman and Altig" firstAuthor="Duellman" journalOrPublisher="Herpetologica" pagination="177-185" refId="B23" refString="Duellman WE, Altig R (1978) New species of tree frogs (family Hylidae) from the Andes of Colombia and Ecuador. Herpetologica 34: 177–185." title="New species of tree frogs (family Hylidae) from the Andes of Colombia and Ecuador." volume="34" year="1978">Duellman and Altig 1978</bibRefCitation>
+; 
+<bibRefCitation id="71A40C17478D6ACB9BDB530984AF8DB1" author="Rivera-Correa" firstAuthor="Rivera-Correa" refId="B80" refString="Rivera-Correa M (2016) Evolution of Andean Rivers Hyloscirtus (Anura: Hylidae): Phylogenetic relations, taxonomic review and delimitation of species. Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul. Faculdade de Biociencias. Tese de Doutorado. Porto Alegre, Brazil." year="2016">Rivera-Correa 2016</bibRefCitation>
+). Moreover, all males of 
+<taxonomicName id="A4A4216689D9BD0EC456BE740C678950" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="6EF8FB57BE83AA5B7773CF78549FDE73" italics="true">H. albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+were registered calling from under rocks next to streams (
+<emphasis id="8A71229CD2C765EED77CD78DE5F02416" italics="true">n</emphasis>
+= 5; 
+<bibRefCitation id="134476E241CDAF28DB67193912CF9468" refId="B72" refString="Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (2024) Base de datos de la colección de anfibios del Museo de Zoología QCAZ. Versión 2024.0. https://bioweb.bio/portal/ [accessed 11 March 2024]" url="https://bioweb.bio/portal/" year="2024">
+Pontificia Universidad Católica del 
+<collectingCountry id="FE958A2D595A16EFAB73F965D529ABA5" name="Ecuador">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
+2024
+</bibRefCitation>
+), while all males of 
+<taxonomicName id="0050BADA82C9C27F8457CE21C373852F" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispersus" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="1AAA8EA7625A13375D621764E021B23A" italics="true">H. dispersus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="9F89201AF52AC2FAE72BDA1539726A64" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+have been found calling while perching in vegetation over streams (
+<emphasis id="836B3DD15C2E6D8A5A885827BF280361" italics="true">n</emphasis>
+= 14; 
+<bibRefCitation id="092270B3FA4EC7FF39CAD3F1D431C1F6" refId="B72" refString="Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (2024) Base de datos de la colección de anfibios del Museo de Zoología QCAZ. Versión 2024.0. https://bioweb.bio/portal/ [accessed 11 March 2024]" url="https://bioweb.bio/portal/" year="2024">
+Pontificia Universidad Católica del 
+<collectingCountry id="C7143043CAB2EB4B23F1A0AD59B3D414" name="Ecuador">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
+2024
+</bibRefCitation>
+).
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0EY4DI" type="variation">
+<paragraph id="DF64E70D188C9FCEC507111C98425F0A">
+<heading id="51E255E0BCCAB7CC1CBB96ED3320D97D" reason="title">Variation.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="D0E3BF73FBEFC8E999D4790B1149F326">
+Dorsal and ventral variation of adult preserved specimens is illustrated on Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="3C702D2EA334B864AF32EAD5CD451082" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Variation of preserved specimens of Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus. Dorsal and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: QCAZ 62188, 59825 (adult females), QCAZ 59817, 54111 (adult males); third and fourth rows: QCAZ 59823, 59827, 59814 (adult males), QCAZ 59809 (subadult female). See Suppl. material 1: table S 1 for locality information. All specimens are shown at the same scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279271">13</figureCitation>
+. In preservative, dorsum varies from cream with white spots distributed throughout the body and limbs and thick black spots scattered across the body (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="AD6B6FE68426876049CD10D4E27B8825">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EC5DI" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="2889ADD6772FC772EDAF465F03DDD817" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59825
+</specimenCode>
+) and limbs (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="41050514B5B64EED67AF3A3D42FEEF58">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EG5DI" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="CA40694DE1C42113FE1D23A25ACD4051" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59823
+</specimenCode>
+), with minute black spots scattered in the entire body (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="83077A3C979723F20B61A1CAD6B8D48E">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EK5DI" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="431EB816F7FCD5EA2E240D78381A298F" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59817
+</specimenCode>
+) or accumulated in the head (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="0F40D752EDFF1BCE1F97ED968CADBAA6">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EO5DI" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="42AC2745AA55751A596FA504266870FF" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59824
+</specimenCode>
+), with dark flecks in body and limbs (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="3A7FF93184C3B16E5D35C65B2EB2B43B">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ES5DI" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="E96439F562AA6609583CECD0DBF8E441" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59809
+</specimenCode>
+), with barely visible minute black spots (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="E539E4CC88B1E9F502AF21E5EBA5D5B9">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EW5DI" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="32DABDABE9F20AC9E3FE2E8D505FF28A" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+62188
+</specimenCode>
+) or absent black spots (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="D2B1C5F589C539B2A7ECCF11F074DFD4">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E15DI" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="4AD431390916914E1B787539D222593C" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59827
+</specimenCode>
+), to cream with barely visible white spots and minute and thick black spots covering almost the entire dorsum (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="02E758C881EDCBC2A08DC04152B9348E">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E55DI" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="580B412A5013AC8AE890D059423D2C84" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59814
+</specimenCode>
+). We found evidence of conspicuous intraindividual phenotypic plasticity in color. Photos of 
+<specimenCode id="8BC88C7D9020D0F6E1C89401933C1B39">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EC6DI" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="B7ED7E063DF69F7BDA840D056D911663" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59825
+</specimenCode>
+taken within 14 days of each other show variation in the presence of black spots on the dorsum, head, and snout. Similarly, 
+<specimenCode id="9CB843CAD64C20DD318EA7866A78AC17">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EG6DI" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="DEC77FC30D9250EC460E9CDB052CE330" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59822
+</specimenCode>
+, after 17 days, gained abundant black spots on the dorsum and head and increased the conspicuousness of the dark reticulations on the iris (Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="E9BCCCADB78EEF28D59054663DD2A388" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Phenotypic plasticity in dorsal color of Hyloscirtus. Left column: H. albopunctulatus, QCAZ 59822, adult male. Right column: Hyloscirtus alytolylax, QCAZ 64841, adult male. Photos in A, B were taken within 17 days of each other; photos in C, D within 16 minutes E Inset of the hindleg of QCAZ 64841 showing chromatophore change." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279272">14 A, B</figureCitation>
+). We did not find phenotypic plasticity in ventral coloration. Ventral surfaces vary from cream (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="484B890199588118F04C947029252352">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EO6DI" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="450A7AE56FD1002AE9F05E9936F812F9" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59825
+</specimenCode>
+) to darker cream (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="C6C9AFC1526E7A9237CF481115BD1D68">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ES6DI" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="308271AAD1E7681E34A723606B615C5F" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59817
+</specimenCode>
+). Mental gland in males varies from whitish cream (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="201AFFBB97A35EE1C49999BE4C48C725">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EW6DI" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="204BE416E04E615C77971E51DCB00F23" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59814
+</specimenCode>
+) to darker cream (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="54931A7595EC9C40AF41D976931EE810">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E16DI" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="FF4A0DD37D48F9C7ED0B402BE359FE31" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59827
+</specimenCode>
+).
+</paragraph>
+<caption id="9E3623F77F20B0E4813AF3B5D7562278" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure13" ID-arpha="15B0F7A2-ACF1-5947-84EC-84DE72910C07" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279271" startId="F13">
+<paragraph id="D6E93A218A19167E74C654B939028B24">
+<label id="90175B41435606EA541F1F746E75C2FE">Figure 13.</label>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="8A7E15F073B91A0BAF906B900E7B1CCE">
+Variation of preserved specimens of 
+<taxonomicName id="52C94D96AFB340F42E34EE7EAD46EC36" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="16B5BC0234ACF7834E33D56BE4F1A09D" italics="true">Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+. Dorsal and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: 
+<specimenCode id="3573A2874F6FC5EBAD95574AEB8F4392">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESAAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+62188
+</specimenCode>
+, 59825 (
+<specimenCount id="13808ED92A5663FDD7D3B15B15E86E8F" count="1" type="female">adult females</specimenCount>
+), 
+<specimenCode id="6C4F278360F019EC3B264190C7DAD0D9">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWAAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+59817
+</specimenCode>
+, 54111 (
+<specimenCount id="A8F443D47E959AD4AD537CA43CF757CF" count="1" type="male">adult males</specimenCount>
+); third and fourth rows: 
+<specimenCode id="A8D90A7F3BBD2176B36B4F7CB5F68266">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1AAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+59823
+</specimenCode>
+, 59827, 59814 (
+<specimenCount id="2CE670047652E43EB73E8A0526FCAC2F" count="1" type="male">adult males</specimenCount>
+), 
+<specimenCode id="6CE737730D5DB6D22F31F506D246B2FC">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5AAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+59809
+</specimenCode>
+(subadult female). See Suppl. material 
+<xref id="BF25E4E2BB5E6B1A0D0946826F1DC865" ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S1">1</xref>
+: table S 1 for locality information. All specimens are shown at the same scale.
+</paragraph>
+</caption>
+<caption id="12D2EC53AD34C66D1CB021206D8D276B" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure14" ID-arpha="E8561CE4-7950-5CB6-A285-0BCD4C1836D6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279272" startId="F14">
+<paragraph id="542CBC7D3920EC1ACB3981C8205CF8B5">
+<label id="09016A722919ADFAE141350C77A08FA2">Figure 14.</label>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="01F27B060E34596CC9FCDAB0D9EEAF18">
+Phenotypic plasticity in dorsal color of 
+<taxonomicName id="22513FBA3FD55FEDDACE8ABD63B840A3" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
+<emphasis id="FA9F4BE0B99BA316424E84B505A6D929" italics="true">Hyloscirtus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+. Left column: 
+<taxonomicName id="662A32531A7A0E8A22727292942E6C9B" authority=", QCAZ" authorityName="QCAZ" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="11415C55C68D74AB08A6548CAB2163D8" italics="true">H. albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+, 
+<specimenCode id="9B0EF16F261020B748153B593802923C">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFCAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+59822
+</specimenCode>
+</taxonomicName>
+, 
+<specimenCount id="381A91E7A6E0DE6984299C516C67D895" count="1" type="male">adult male</specimenCount>
+. Right column: 
+<taxonomicName id="5F9A6A74F42C8AD6A51E7AFD4E380FAA" authority=", QCAZ" authorityName="QCAZ" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alytolylax">
+<emphasis id="4705B977D9718EBD019DCF152943DBF3" italics="true">Hyloscirtus alytolylax</emphasis>
+, 
+<specimenCode id="FD8F2E420A7A38A2439EC89E360B67EF">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUCAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+64841
+</specimenCode>
+</taxonomicName>
+, 
+<specimenCount id="36B6A2916D43F363A8A221DA86A2B831" count="1" type="male">adult male</specimenCount>
+. Photos in 
+<emphasis id="F40946EB578895BD1541507AFF340821" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
+were taken within 17 days of each other; photos in 
+<emphasis id="F8AD0AB9184179609141A5CF90ECF858" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
+within 16 minutes 
+<emphasis id="A68D9CF2D2D29C73FDDD6FEBA564213E" bold="true">E</emphasis>
+Inset of the hindleg of 
+<specimenCode id="739915CD60E8D6664A07F976BB434DF3">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5CAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+64841
+</specimenCode>
+showing chromatophore change.
+</paragraph>
+</caption>
+<paragraph id="75EB2DCDB1CDEF862C98BEA77325D4DF">
+In life (Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="A232BC42449BED5785566D368D996122" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Variation in life of Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus. Dorsolateral and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: QCAZ 59825, 59811, 59824 (adult females); third and fourth rows: QCAZ 59808, 59823 (adult males)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279273">15</figureCitation>
+), the dorsum varies from light green with white spots scattered throughout the body and limbs, and few spread black marks (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="518828B3B33830FB20F14A41F91A7C61">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENDAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="2E97E1EB9F3E9CB384DCDBE4D3696C29" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59825
+</specimenCode>
+) or without black spots or marks (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="56FFFAC5DD6F6E09F4AD0B8D3F028E14">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERDAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="32E8A2417BBD7C5411C001646E38A14D" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59811
+</specimenCode>
+), yellowish green with white spots covering the entire body and limbs and spread black marks, accumulated in the anterior part of the body (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="A3738C6AD6239CEFA00F8B61D6D95C37">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVDAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="38757637180F880A48F5C54070304278" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59824
+</specimenCode>
+) or minute and thick blacks spots across the body (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="49BC674C2FDA0C55BBC814E693E7369B">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZDAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="690E512A1E8540B14731517D8FA654BE" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59823
+</specimenCode>
+) to brownish green with white spots in all the body and limbs and few black marks randomly dispersed (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="959A271C7307455D8166FEBD5D561A61">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4DAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="16D6D6C0E64F0E0D505895F874A6CF27" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59808
+</specimenCode>
+). Venter and posterior surfaces of thighs vary from yellow (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="4C7B5F62E331F83686DE933A4299563D">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBEAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="4BE68D683AF76806870CDC775262E234" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59811
+</specimenCode>
+) to greenish yellow (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="AD1233432A29236AAF080532EFBFA427">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFEAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="556D953766145AF43EB180CA2A9AC5B3" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59808
+</specimenCode>
+). Other ventral surfaces vary from whitish (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="9BC612024E1C4BA32C6DB6D74EC4F717">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJEAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="AEEDF1852111E7329E05FC1D3ADD1BF7" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59823
+</specimenCode>
+) to brownish green (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="E0E3437996B89685B7EE845CC4D17864">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENEAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="1DE5CF70E8FD9EC72FC67BB6E386476F" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59824
+</specimenCode>
+). Iris varies from clam shell with thin (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="C90B148503C52E5AEDA81AA1C0620950">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EREAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="4ADDA94BBEDA3CB1EA233563DF361155" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59825
+</specimenCode>
+) to thick black or sand dune reticulations (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="7A177224FEA1B624B5FADE364C5DE34C">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVEAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="D8B0626FC56C8372210927C90D188F55" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59823
+</specimenCode>
+). Examined specimens are listed in Suppl. material 
+<xref id="71A8AB51D3119F6848217E36F11DCC83" ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S1">1</xref>
+: tables S 1, S 9.
+</paragraph>
+<caption id="6BC93C2523142267505DF9B1C35C126B" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure15" ID-arpha="2C425126-22F4-5974-AF83-91894E6D7444" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279273" startId="F15">
+<paragraph id="E73F0C415E0FA0BCE67B1817F57BB289">
+<label id="B6BCD5E1183324F02037E5D0AA380064">Figure 15.</label>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="AA41DFCCFB1C1F7C906BE248035D3C2D">
+Variation in life of 
+<taxonomicName id="16BC225BF9B86E3BEA9565661659ABA8" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="4DE71B16FBC705C4BB158CA196F1A9C4" italics="true">Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+. Dorsolateral and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: 
+<specimenCode id="844954EDBF30094FD5C88959F754A7C3">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQFAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+59825
+</specimenCode>
+, 59811, 59824 (
+<specimenCount id="CB04FA0E1B088F0AC843BE9FD698EB0A" count="1" type="female">adult females</specimenCount>
+); third and fourth rows: 
+<specimenCode id="C6958FE52057AD05E11F6B6AC9F30BD3">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUFAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+59808
+</specimenCode>
+, 59823 (
+<specimenCount id="C0FA38FD656C61C7D896AB2F85BA6DC9" count="1" type="male">adult males</specimenCount>
+).
+</paragraph>
+</caption>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0E4FAK" type="distribution">
+<paragraph id="5D2A2C3515ADB5EF152A12A4B6128DCA">
+<heading id="8326698E94CD0B97A2EDBFF5490D9D02" reason="title">Distribution and natural history.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="45FA02B6863C5710BFA41C24563E9D01">
+<taxonomicName id="2F0D063EED55518FA22F859D75B2EF0D" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="A367808F694E6E73F4667048762BC575" italics="true">Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+is known from seven localities, from North to Central eastern 
+<collectingCountry id="9E0223F6E286FE845B6F7F487166E42A" name="Ecuador">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
+at elevations between 389 and 
+<quantity id="A6F52FC5D520CE709048C2D6FA467BF8" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.391" unit="m" value="1391.0">1391 m</quantity>
+(Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="1C3B771A8EBE5AA3EC40E48EC97962EF" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Geographic distribution of Amazonian species of the Hyloscirtus bogotensis group. Stars represent the type locality of H. albopunctulatus, H. phyllognathus and H. torrenticola. Symbol colors in the map match those of the lineages in the phylogeny. Boxplot comparing the elevational ranges are shown, which excludes H. phyllognathus and H. torrenticola due to the small sample." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279263">5</figureCitation>
+). Biogeographic regions are Amazon Humid Tropical Forest, Eastern Foothill Forest, and Eastern Montane Forest (
+<bibRefCitation id="A99410CFF087B6E93D5D4E44E64D494A" author="Ron" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ron" refId="B85" refString="Ron SR, Merino-Viteri A, Ortiz DA (2022) Anfibios del Ecuador. Version 2022.0. Museo de Zoología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador. https://bioweb.bio/faunaweb/amphibiaweb [accessed 21 March 2023]" url="https://bioweb.bio/faunaweb/amphibiaweb" year="2022">Ron et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
+). They are nocturnal and associated with streams near ravines. Males call under rocks in ravines, leaf litter, streams, small creeks, caves, or cracks. Several individuals have been found perching on vegetation up to 
+<quantity id="249E63D0F1DC892D1852747DCBD6BD37" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="m" value="2.5">2.5 m</quantity>
+but have not been found calling there. The species occurs in sympatry with 
+<taxonomicName id="AB618032E13FEC9DB7E724B68AC32698" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispersus" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="224B80731C12C4AE4CF670200F6871C8" italics="true">Hyloscirtus dispersus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A3ADDF55C5F2C858C9AA4C1A29097" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0EBHAK" type="Advertisement call">
+<paragraph id="BD4CABE39DBF1B7A6CDED0318152F681">
+<heading id="D2CABDC28A03A4B571F445807AEE8D70" reason="title">Advertisement call.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="F3FF86062EE0881D8090805595C28EE1">
+We analyzed 26 calls from seven individuals. 
+<specimenCount id="ED5C702BE3115A3662352E046EEEB946" count="6" type="male">Six males</specimenCount>
+(
+<specimenCode id="D96E081E68017A0C684B235A404DED65">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHHAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="10748C8D384E4C8E0E1D42BA62CF8513" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59813
+</specimenCode>
+, 59815, 59817 and three non-collected males) from Comunidad Zarentza, Llanganates National Park, 
+<collectingRegion id="730CB573ACE681746EA4A254F3B17BC7" country="Ecuador" name="Pastaza">Provincia Pastaza</collectingRegion>
+, on 
+<date id="9EEFA1C129E1334ACCE8BDE476E7D56C" value="2017-02-17" valueMax="2017-02-24" valueMin="2017-02-17">17–24 February 2017</date>
+, air temperature 19–21 ° C, recorded by D. Velalcázar and D. Rivadeneira. One individual (
+<specimenCode id="7B2F5F105E8AA723620C7A695F0AE008">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELHAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="7F54CDF8C547B93228A2C354AB9A5EF5" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+48503
+</specimenCode>
+) from Reserva Río Bigal, Provincia 
+<collectingRegion id="6DD0A3F25E419D46056B0D06F51A2FD2" country="Ecuador" name="Orellana">Orellana</collectingRegion>
+, recorded by M. Read, on 
+<date id="EDA714C6D5565FCD3889854A7D00ECBD" value="2010-05-22">22 May 2010</date>
+. The advertisement call consists of a single tonal note, repeated a highly variable number of times in a series of calls (Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="78601BBF61005404F7343DC9B8E541B5" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Advertisement calls of Amazonian species of the Hyloscirtus bogotensis species group. Oscillograms above with their corresponding spectrograms below are shown for each species." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279267">9 A</figureCitation>
+). We found from two to more than 70 consecutive calls before long silence periods. 
+<specimenCount id="8A9DC1334B2BA7A7244A1FF414EE54E1" count="1" type="male">One male</specimenCount>
+(
+<specimenCode id="071F628EBD7538CA899D72BCAE6EC902">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETHAK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="2564DCE7D29F4FAB3BB373B57F3B7D60" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+59815
+</specimenCode>
+) called with short pauses during 
+<geoCoordinate id="5DECD951E77A7AB877D88755D1D86E45" degrees="4.08" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-4.08">4.08 s</geoCoordinate>
+, broadcasting 926 calls. The average call duration is 0.051 + 
+<geoCoordinate id="345E72514067341CF1FCE0B8D91D684E" degrees="0.005" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-0.005">0.005 s</geoCoordinate>
+with an average inter-call interval of 0.30 ± 
+<geoCoordinate id="699C093986C9DA1DD5DA60A47FEB043C" degrees="0.06" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-0.06">0.06 s</geoCoordinate>
+. The average dominant frequency of the call is 2149.8 ± 137.36 Hz. Other call parameters are listed in Table 
+<tableCitation id="38C5ECC5C456CDB9509FBFEE53AE673C" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="T4" captionText="Table 4. Acoustic parameters comparing calls of Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus (Lineage A), H. maycu sp. nov. (Lineage B), H. elbakyanae sp. nov. (Lineage D), H. phyllognathus sensu stricto (Lineage E), H. UCS 2 (Lineage F), H. dispersus sp. nov. (Lineage G) and H. torrenticola from type locality. Mean ± SD is given with range in parentheses. Five calls were analyzed per individual." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/099975DED9AD88D1F9F91AA3582D90BC" tableUuid="099975DED9AD88D1F9F91AA3582D90BC">4</tableCitation>
+.
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0E2HAK" type="conservation status">
+<paragraph id="8A70CB38772AC157F68432BB917CF661">
+<heading id="4C990F9EF76C6DA1ABBE4B04868E75B8" reason="title">Conservation status.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="E7C6F4562A7D313DD316249175CF6D64">
+The distribution polygon of 
+<taxonomicName id="273D53361CCB24BEE7415278D156B8DB" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="F50033C338EA5DC0D36A42F0C7107677" italics="true">Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+is 
+<quantity id="22427C04A441134112121520C0AAAFE4" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.921" unit="km" value="7921.0">7921 km</quantity>
+<superScript id="674BBF7F651B7E29C4916BC2FF9F80F1">2</superScript>
+. Habitat destruction for agriculture and cattle is rising within its distribution range (
+<bibRefCitation id="46D0943474D9CC4F299534F17326D739" journalOrPublisher="Subsecretaria de Patrimonio Natural, Quito, Ecuador" refId="B64" refString="Ministerio del Ambiente (2013) Sistema de clasificación de ecosistemas de Ecuador continental. Subsecretaria de Patrimonio Natural, Quito, Ecuador, 233 pp." title="Sistema de clasificación de ecosistemas de Ecuador continental." year="2013">Ministerio del Ambiente 2013</bibRefCitation>
+). However, they also inhabit undisturbed and protected areas like Parque Nacional Llanganates. Its tolerance to disturbed forests is unknown. Given its distribution range being less than 
+<quantity id="E8662E613CE1A2205083D6AE7A169291" metricMagnitude="7" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="20000.0">20000 km</quantity>
+<superScript id="C9A57603BD45F2A10448D5ECCC08D94B">2</superScript>
+and by having less than 10 known localities, we propose that 
+<taxonomicName id="E4D9E9BCC784F6536B63769451FA6D9B" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="86F68E9A828EABE9198C61DC3146CFED" italics="true">H. albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+remains assigned to the Red List category Vulnerable (B 1 abiii).
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+</treatment>
+</document>
--- a/data/97/05/E9/9705E95E6258503BB3C855E24B78066D.xml
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@ -0,0 +1,927 @@
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+<mods:mods id="C04DDEB0C7356D37F9423ECEA0DF51B6" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
+<mods:titleInfo id="15A48CADF196E52D3CAE667D72E45373">
+<mods:title id="104F6184C68B4ED88483EAB9325867B2">Three new species of torrent treefrogs (Anura, Hylidae) of the Hyloscirtus bogotensis group from the eastern Andean slopes and the biogeographic history of the genus</mods:title>
+</mods:titleInfo>
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+<mods:affiliation id="DB037373D61B853E8DB2D3080DBE4495">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Naturales y Ambientales, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Av. 12 de Octubre y Roca, Aptdo. 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador &amp; 3 Diversity, Santo Domingo Oe 5 - 71 y Cuba, Quito, Ecuador &amp; Institute of Biology, Molecular Evolution and Systematics of Animals, University of Leipzig, Talstrasse 33, 04103 Leipzig, Germany</mods:affiliation>
+</mods:name>
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+<mods:affiliation id="BF754C0D4C3A0B667438B3BA2C9D06CF">Herpetology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW 7 5 BD, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
+</mods:name>
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+<mods:affiliation id="759F9FB84E36DBD8BCF4EC7A315EE2B7">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Naturales y Ambientales, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Av. 12 de Octubre y Roca, Aptdo. 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador &amp; Rainforest Partnership, 4005 Guadalupe St., Austin, TX 78751, USA &amp; Instituto Peruano de Herpetología (IPH), Augusto Salazar Bondy 136, Urb. Higuereta, Surco, Lima, Peru</mods:affiliation>
+</mods:name>
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+<mods:namePart id="E60C4D03E3E4252F1D505185DD4FBD13">Ron, Santiago R.</mods:namePart>
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+<mods:date id="814006DD71F11A0EAC3ADF3ED24FDEC1">2025</mods:date>
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+<mods:number id="E50C00754846178BF916473A774D7951">2025-03-13</mods:number>
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+<subSubSection id="144A11C56FFAF5A585692F776EF0335D" type="nomenclature">
+<paragraph id="1381D1D05132856981BCDFBCA62730F1">
+<taxonomicName id="6BE7C36632A2D40E413E064D7D63A41C" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="743367417D60EF332265C9F6416C7E68" italics="true">Hyloscirtus elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="5B15B086E8CF1EA1A37634C54C8929AC" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="4EECBEBC3D4C81D569AAC1A6447AF4FF" type="description">
+<paragraph id="9B90532F6C06913058D1A889BEABF8E7">
+<figureCitation id="2ADEA271BEEFEE98881CE303CB8A4D3A" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Geographic distribution of Amazonian species of the Hyloscirtus bogotensis group. Stars represent the type locality of H. albopunctulatus, H. phyllognathus and H. torrenticola. Symbol colors in the map match those of the lineages in the phylogeny. Boxplot comparing the elevational ranges are shown, which excludes H. phyllognathus and H. torrenticola due to the small sample." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279263">Figs 5</figureCitation>
+, 
+<figureCitation id="81597B9DBC0AA22A3AB3DF365B8C0258" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Boxplot of the snout-vent length (SVL) comparison analysis. SVL measurements of adult males and females of Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus, H. maycu sp. nov., H. elbakyanae sp. nov., H. dispersus sp. nov., and H. phyllognathus. The line in the middle of the box represents the median and the upper and lower ends of the box are the 75 % and 25 % quartiles, respectively." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279265">7</figureCitation>
+, 
+<figureCitation id="67FA4E88F576088B4D54117A2F40DF57" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Advertisement calls of Amazonian species of the Hyloscirtus bogotensis species group. Oscillograms above with their corresponding spectrograms below are shown for each species." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279267">9</figureCitation>
+, 
+<figureCitation id="E3F62CB91ACAEE9F21E7786316929478" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Ventral views of right hands and feet of the species A H. albopunctulatus, QCAZ 59825, SVL: 37.9 mm, female B H. maycu sp. nov., QCAZ 67087, SVL: 34.1 mm, male C H. elbakyanae sp. nov., QCAZ 53808, SVL: 36.1 mm, male D H. dispersus sp. nov., QCAZ 52006, SVL: 32.6 mm, male." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279269">11</figureCitation>
+, 
+<figureCitation id="B8AA0C7237661DC7B3C9017C44DE350A" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Variation of preserved specimens of Hyloscirtus elbakyanae sp. nov. Dorsal and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: QCAZ 72666, 73669, 72668 (adult males); third and fourth rows: QCAZ 53808 (holotype, adult male), QCAZ 72665, 73709 (adult males). See Suppl. material 1: table S 1 for locality information. All specimens are shown at the same scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279276">18</figureCitation>
+, 
+<figureCitation id="8A2105A875BC2D20AFCE6E7EB4901A0A" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Variation in life of Hyloscirtus elbakyanae sp. nov. Dorsolateral and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: QCAZ 53808 (holotype, adult male), QCAZ 53807, 53831 (adult males); third and fourth rows: QCAZ 72667, 72665 (adult males); fifth and sixth rows: QCAZ 73709, 72669 (adult males)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279277">19 Common name: Proposed standard English name: Elbakyan stream frog Proposed standard Spanish name: Rana de Torrente de Elbakyan</figureCitation>
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0EVHBK" type="type material">
+<paragraph id="6507627821E641B80C76BCCC4877D33C">
+<heading id="C46FEC3385B14FE9E5869EAA29325C1C" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="498FC104658C24F640E70C789C2745F4">
+<materialsCitation id="808E868644B2B02B7837A6E89E808FAD" collectingDate="2012-07-23" collectionCode="SRR, T" collectorName="SRR &amp; A. Merino &amp; F. Ayala &amp; T. Camacho &amp; M. Cohen" country="Ecuador" county="Provincia" elevation="622" latitude="-2.97554" location="near Mirador de la Virgen" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-77.80346" municipality="Comunidad Shaime" specimenCode="QCAZ 53808" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Provincia Morona Santiago" typeStatus="holotype">
+<emphasis id="31DE516115535575CB07072B7420CC9D" bold="true" italics="true">
+<typeStatus id="DF2C7175326CBCCA4A200CF92A71B96E" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
+</emphasis>
+. • 
+<specimenCode id="59D34BE97800A57B65458B6C06E158A4" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAIBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+53808
+</specimenCode>
+(Figs 
+<figureCitation id="D7310016BCD914297F06FFC279B716C4" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Variation of preserved specimens of Hyloscirtus elbakyanae sp. nov. Dorsal and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: QCAZ 72666, 73669, 72668 (adult males); third and fourth rows: QCAZ 53808 (holotype, adult male), QCAZ 72665, 73709 (adult males). See Suppl. material 1: table S 1 for locality information. All specimens are shown at the same scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279276">18</figureCitation>
+, 
+<figureCitation id="87E28951261E1B63E8738615696FA436" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Variation in life of Hyloscirtus elbakyanae sp. nov. Dorsolateral and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: QCAZ 53808 (holotype, adult male), QCAZ 53807, 53831 (adult males); third and fourth rows: QCAZ 72667, 72665 (adult males); fifth and sixth rows: QCAZ 73709, 72669 (adult males)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279277">19</figureCitation>
+), field no. SC 39260, 
+<specimenCount id="A155090E51A2FAA7BF1DBACF7942D3B6" count="1" type="male">adult male</specimenCount>
+from 
+<collectingCountry id="66308F4B9C61F2C31B6110F9FAD546B3" name="Ecuador">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
+, 
+<collectingRegion id="1847EBC661CA2A73F2031CD6578A47BA">Provincia Morona Santiago</collectingRegion>
+, 
+<collectingMunicipality id="6A176B0F2AA1630509A61CF3C4363152">Comunidad Shaime</collectingMunicipality>
+, 
+<location id="1C79B8874E9ECFC933BCB80F43777DB2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9705E95E6258503BB3C855E24B78066D:1C79B8874E9ECFC933BCB80F43777DB2" country="Ecuador" county="Provincia" latitude="-2.97554" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-77.80346" municipality="Comunidad Shaime" name="near Mirador de la Virgen" stateProvince="Provincia Morona Santiago">near Mirador de la Virgen</location>
+(
+<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EPIBK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[-77.803460,-2.975540]}">
+<geoCoordinate id="5DE3836BA2571432383E22BBD97A72F2" degrees="2.975540" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-2.97554">2.975540 ° S</geoCoordinate>
+, 
+<geoCoordinate id="14EBD4A631FE73E7F79E272311AD4675" degrees="77.80346" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-77.80346">77.80346 ° W</geoCoordinate>
+</named-content>
+), 
+<elevation id="A5B1C202D3730AC9B617D72929B287E0" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.22" unit="m" value="622.0">
+<quantity id="6F6733816E97984F10DF743CE5559D9E" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.22" unit="m" value="622.0">622 m</quantity>
+above sea level
+</elevation>
+, collected by 
+<collectorName id="85EAD3D718C40D75F62FB3176254B7AE">SRR</collectorName>
+, 
+<collectorName id="9164BC8D8969EB7AA0BE466E64AC93BD">A. Merino</collectorName>
+, 
+<collectorName id="8EF42A630120791ACBD8F852187B148E">F. Ayala</collectorName>
+, 
+<collectorName id="DAD966F72EE128F7A5A408D6299C3211">T. Camacho</collectorName>
+, and 
+<collectorName id="67CDBBC0AB964A9031A6BB90032C1AC4">M. Cohen</collectorName>
+on 
+<date id="452A5516CE6781E0DAD0B215625FA408" value="2012-07-23">
+<collectingDate id="D0544AF5C25360B1B77BE0CA24D51ABF" value="2012-07-23">23 July 2012</collectingDate>
+</date>
+. A 3 D model of the holotype is available at Sketchfab platform (
+<ext-link id="BDEA939CDFE0C4A0219C20711F5FBC48" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://skfb.ly/oSXSH" xlink_type="simple">https://skfb.ly/oSXSH</ext-link>
+)
+</materialsCitation>
+. 
+<materialsCitation id="B746C93C404A497CE102B8687A9C2A1E" collectingDate="2018-06-06" collectionCode="QCAZ" collectorName="Mirador de la Virgen &amp; A. Merino &amp; F. Ayala &amp; Camacho &amp; M. Cohen &amp; Sketchfab" country="Ecuador" county="All" elevation="511" latitude="-2.9409" location="Provincia Morona Santiago" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.8012" municipality="Provincia" specimenCode="QCAZ 53807, 53831" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="66" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Provincia Morona Santiago" typeStatus="paratype">
+<emphasis id="8FE73565D53B986C2B8743BC537DAD65" bold="true" italics="true">
+<typeStatus id="BBAC16218771B824349389DA3FFE8F32" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
+</emphasis>
+. • All collected in 
+<collectingCountry id="CAB62BE1786F0DC307C45692F3502E76" name="Ecuador">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
+, 
+<collectingRegion id="0039FAADB660C852178DB03E7FA65581">Provincia Morona Santiago</collectingRegion>
+. Same locality and collection data as the holotype, 
+<specimenCode id="F6B04407DD670A2B906B9B44169AF292" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3IBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+53807
+</specimenCode>
+, 
+<specimenCode id="5812181198BD32066DE7FB29F2D73C6D" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">53831</specimenCode>
+<specimenCount id="AB040AC3799C41E9944D3D527EB8CAC0" count="1" type="male">adult males</specimenCount>
+</materialsCitation>
+. 
+<materialsCitation id="68089103FEE707AD1C8B6D614FEFC6E4" collectingDate="2018-06-06" collectionCode="QCAZ" collectorName="Mirador de la Virgen &amp; A. Merino &amp; F. Ayala &amp; Camacho &amp; M. Cohen &amp; Sketchfab" country="Ecuador" elevation="511" latitude="-2.9409" location="Surroundings of Rio Shaime" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.8012" specimenCode="QCAZ 72665" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="66" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Morona-Santiago" typeStatus="paratype">
+<location id="61A0418E74A3C08045DAC1DAD50ACB3E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9705E95E6258503BB3C855E24B78066D:61A0418E74A3C08045DAC1DAD50ACB3E" country="Ecuador" county="All" latitude="-2.9409" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.8012" municipality="Provincia" name="Surroundings of Rio Shaime" stateProvince="Morona-Santiago">Surroundings of Río Shaime</location>
+(
+<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EDJBK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[-77.801200,-2.940900]}">
+<geoCoordinate id="F52382D0F02C7BCB3C829D920A588493" degrees="2.9409" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-2.9409">2.9409 ° S</geoCoordinate>
+, 
+<geoCoordinate id="E993629D1E7383BA04F2E3A0B918D038" degrees="77.8012" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-77.8012">77.8012 ° W</geoCoordinate>
+</named-content>
+), 
+<quantity id="69632A9BDD2FCB3106DF9FCC6DFD3270" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.11" unit="m" value="511.0">
+<elevation id="063A950E6E647EAF8C751D8FD4DFAE96" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.11" unit="m" value="511.0">511 m</elevation>
+</quantity>
+, 
+<specimenCode id="440E6C31EEB3036E69B1E5565E727B39">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIJBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+72665
+</specimenCode>
+–66 
+<specimenCount id="278EED08A7BDC2F41914B498A8A2B250" count="1" type="male">adult males</specimenCount>
+, collected on 
+<date id="FFAA685D2DAF536EC186BD021B01595A" value="2018-06-06">
+<collectingDate id="44091BC052F37B6848D723D82705BF66" value="2018-06-06">6 June 2018</collectingDate>
+</date>
+</materialsCitation>
+; • 
+<materialsCitation id="52035A917995551B980B6873CFDEF1F2" collectingDate="2018-06-08" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" elevation="211" latitude="-2.975" location="Tiwintza-Shaime road" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.7957" specimenCode="QCAZ 72667" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Morona-Santiago" typeStatus="paratype">
+<location id="E38D2319B6CA0907CCA341A434FC9ECF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9705E95E6258503BB3C855E24B78066D:E38D2319B6CA0907CCA341A434FC9ECF" country="Ecuador" latitude="-2.975" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.7957" name="Tiwintza-Shaime road" stateProvince="Morona-Santiago">Tiwintza-Shaime road</location>
+(
+<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EPJBK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[-77.795700,-2.975000]}">
+<geoCoordinate id="31CCF23BCFE69A526D11620F776E685A" degrees="2.9750" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-2.975">2.9750 ° S</geoCoordinate>
+, 
+<geoCoordinate id="E9CA5899492448B0742CC9901A562DA6" degrees="77.7957" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-77.7957">77.7957 ° W</geoCoordinate>
+</named-content>
+), 
+<quantity id="2E344B58B42B4206DBE97DE55A4A0B39" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.11" unit="m" value="211.0">
+<elevation id="D769F6B7FB9177FF67E5AC80608D5F97" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.11" unit="m" value="211.0">211 m</elevation>
+</quantity>
+, 
+<specimenCode id="671609830B941800E5DC30553D81082E" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUJBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+72667
+</specimenCode>
+, collected on 
+<date id="4E8BC566507AC4E7F5507AD227F74268" value="2018-06-08">
+<collectingDate id="BE1276DF7BDEF5DC5DA85DEFF6E7B9CE" value="2018-06-08">8 June 2018</collectingDate>
+</date>
+</materialsCitation>
+; • 
+<materialsCitation id="4D0D7271A30B4DC8AF47EB50877D87E7" collectingDate="2018-06-08" collectionCode="QCAZ" collectorName="Mirador de la Virgen" country="Ecuador" elevation="529" latitude="-2.9756" location="Tiwintza-Shaime road" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.8015" municipality="Mirador de la Virgen" specimenCode="QCAZ 72668" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Morona-Santiago" typeStatus="paratype">
+<collectingMunicipality id="D13C250FAE667D86131C573DF2551775">Mirador de la Virgen</collectingMunicipality>
+, 
+<location id="53A73D93EE39E0CE058B7E0691A00E50" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9705E95E6258503BB3C855E24B78066D:53A73D93EE39E0CE058B7E0691A00E50" country="Ecuador" latitude="-2.9756" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.8015" municipality="Mirador de la Virgen" name="Tiwintza-Shaime road" stateProvince="Morona-Santiago">Tiwintza-Shaime road</location>
+(
+<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E2JBK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[-77.801500,-2.975600]}">
+<geoCoordinate id="64843C54B410FDB74290A46F59A4B440" degrees="2.9756" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-2.9756">2.9756 ° S</geoCoordinate>
+, 
+<geoCoordinate id="F777999E627A1103334E706EDDE518D9" degrees="77.8015" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-77.8015">77.8015 ° W</geoCoordinate>
+</named-content>
+), 
+<quantity id="4D8D698CFDDEAB86C472D004DAAA4DFA" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.29" unit="m" value="529.0">
+<elevation id="B00A57AD066CF9128F958E60392CD085" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.29" unit="m" value="529.0">529 m</elevation>
+</quantity>
+, 
+<specimenCode id="2C597488FA374957F2784987FDB8E7EE" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAKBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+72668
+</specimenCode>
+<specimenCount id="333F71A816F72C0916AF24A77F346806" count="1" type="male">adult male</specimenCount>
+, collected on 
+<date id="8A2F27F610191CBDED70777B0C053ECB" value="2018-06-08">
+<collectingDate id="90249D65A0ECBA954AF1FB7397A86254" value="2018-06-08">8 June 2018</collectingDate>
+</date>
+</materialsCitation>
+; • 
+<materialsCitation id="AD9526B2A0968F2054321984D2894A64" collectingDate="2018-06-09" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" elevation="363" latitude="-2.9663" location="Penas-Shaime road" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.8468" specimenCode="QCAZ 72669" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Morona-Santiago" typeStatus="paratype">
+<location id="2D89113615F9D218E7ABDE347F832613" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9705E95E6258503BB3C855E24B78066D:2D89113615F9D218E7ABDE347F832613" country="Ecuador" latitude="-2.9663" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.8468" name="Penas-Shaime road" stateProvince="Morona-Santiago">Peñas-Shaime road</location>
+(
+<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EHKBK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[-77.846800,-2.966300]}">
+<geoCoordinate id="0834615C2D0A9E2BF8040A4EB17F8D4E" degrees="2.9663" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-2.9663">2.9663 ° S</geoCoordinate>
+, 
+<geoCoordinate id="6A63ECBCF71854508A81FE626341B719" degrees="77.8468" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-77.8468">77.8468 ° W</geoCoordinate>
+</named-content>
+), 
+<quantity id="B598AFFAD0922CCDEB9F15ECD26F4780" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.63" unit="m" value="363.0">
+<elevation id="964BC2658BF51F285D86899339D2A1C2" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.63" unit="m" value="363.0">363 m</elevation>
+</quantity>
+, 
+<specimenCode id="9692742090FA775F7F6A9BD2521D6187" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMKBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+72669
+</specimenCode>
+, collected on 
+<date id="409B9ED4B1437ED5541F5AAF173A8A24" value="2018-06-09">
+<collectingDate id="3463FE32CA57F15B448A9D39745F878B" value="2018-06-09">9 June 2018</collectingDate>
+</date>
+</materialsCitation>
+; • 
+<materialsCitation id="06CB1391E881FCB10E6932220737BED5" collectionCode="QCAZ" collectorName="F. Ayala &amp; D. Nunez &amp; K. Nusirquia &amp; A. Carvajal" country="Ecuador" elevation="363" latitude="-2.9663" location="Penas-Shaime road" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.8468" municipality="Rio Yaupi" specimenCode="QCAZ 73709" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Morona-Santiago" typeStatus="paratype">
+<location id="2C1F7B6206EEBD4F1296913369FCDE12" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9705E95E6258503BB3C855E24B78066D:2C1F7B6206EEBD4F1296913369FCDE12" country="Ecuador" latitude="-2.9663" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.8468" municipality="Rio Yaupi" name="Penas-Shaime road" stateProvince="Morona-Santiago">Peñas-Shaime road</location>
+, 
+<locationDeviation id="7486166591E73833FD650C2083E9EA1F">
+<quantity id="0D6D9B5ABF4A4256B3250937177E5C7B" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" unit="km" value="2.8">2.8 km</quantity>
+E
+</locationDeviation>
+<collectingMunicipality id="816E655507B6CC30B78D70EB24D38634">Río Yaupi</collectingMunicipality>
+(
+<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ETKBK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[-77.846800,-2.966300]}">
+<geoCoordinate id="328EAEE2AF20E405C8D4D2D74EA4CAB9" degrees="2.9663" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-2.9663">2.9663 ° S</geoCoordinate>
+, 
+<geoCoordinate id="5D62CB859103A501411EFB56C01B694E" degrees="77.8468" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-77.8468">77.8468 ° W</geoCoordinate>
+</named-content>
+), 
+<quantity id="5AFCCDA32C3F75C7B8F5A1B885D47C26" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.63" unit="m" value="363.0">
+<elevation id="5780385145669F5E1E3443B24AA6D93F" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.63" unit="m" value="363.0">363 m</elevation>
+</quantity>
+, 
+<specimenCode id="E31DA0CB66E05DC4B446FD7C417DAF3A" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYKBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+73709
+</specimenCode>
+<specimenCount id="DFA1413D11E094E88BD310E7C962EFA6" count="1" type="male">adult male</specimenCount>
+. 
+<collectorName id="60BAC573C55290852B371818DD57763D">F. Ayala</collectorName>
+, 
+<collectorName id="40A8399065ABD575E34933D515380F11">D. Núñez</collectorName>
+, 
+<collectorName id="6CF3E24A678DB8200CF21A2C65845FA2">K. Nusirquia</collectorName>
+and 
+<collectorName id="FD745D9DDE17B54C620D393C23471701">A. Carvajal</collectorName>
+collected all specimens from 2018
+</materialsCitation>
+.
+</paragraph>
+<caption id="B294A1DA72D5C721C398D895BBB55918" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure18" ID-arpha="A3B6DE4A-1FD4-56C5-97F0-11E8F1E5C7DE" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279276" startId="F18">
+<paragraph id="BEAFC92DD265FCCA367F08E8E9B740BE">
+<label id="0C3BD5285E60268144E17EB3A5FC3FAC">Figure 18.</label>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="7176B2E0D725A0365238E28C74122C4B">
+Variation of preserved specimens of 
+<taxonomicName id="24DDA3922D071A6AB6545F732DD6CE63" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="CE604919EAE205CE0CC1D07A77C61BD8" italics="true">Hyloscirtus elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="3E361DE3110B8DA9A8E1B4E130AB7C66" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+Dorsal and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: 
+<specimenCode id="AE248B62DA7D955397E9AE4884EE4092">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPLBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+72666
+</specimenCode>
+, 73669, 72668 (
+<specimenCount id="4D88A625B985AE08D0890AE5522FDA7B" count="1" type="male">adult males</specimenCount>
+); third and fourth rows: 
+<specimenCode id="FF39C4BBE0A5C2F1049465882F9530C5">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETLBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+53808
+</specimenCode>
+(holotype, 
+<specimenCount id="EF2A59C046097C4EE42A52FBDF583EB8" count="1" type="male">adult male</specimenCount>
+), 
+<specimenCode id="DD7EB5682FC0C5CC886933A5B6E95A11">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXLBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+72665
+</specimenCode>
+, 73709 (
+<specimenCount id="A2E50DBE77742C3188E9FB43F00BF21F" count="1" type="male">adult males</specimenCount>
+). See Suppl. material 
+<xref id="8309ED968199640D22311EC73730C8B7" ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S1">1</xref>
+: table S 1 for locality information. All specimens are shown at the same scale.
+</paragraph>
+</caption>
+<caption id="B004F276CF4CC493D9794CAA422DA155" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure19" ID-arpha="B937A3DD-A3B4-5A62-B915-9DF2EA793D14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279277" startId="F19">
+<paragraph id="A488D46A5D915DCC4B8ED72B0BE89468">
+<label id="FE8E991B8313AF8223C688674481E20D">Figure 19.</label>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="5286D889DA79677326C67A5E26A410D3">
+Variation in life of 
+<taxonomicName id="CF0BC10C03ED9DBD854D748070AC3E17" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="53EC6163C8BE53F41EFCDCA2DE4923A6" italics="true">Hyloscirtus elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="9785CE287AC76E9F142B250C2F2AF2D8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+Dorsolateral and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: 
+<specimenCode id="76513917E9AFF24B6362974B25375911">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXMBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+53808
+</specimenCode>
+(holotype, 
+<specimenCount id="6C1378693FFB128C1AD3D4704B1F3627" count="1" type="male">adult male</specimenCount>
+), 
+<specimenCode id="3014C1F3DD44A307E330EB4D4E0F75D7">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2MBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+53807
+</specimenCode>
+, 53831 (
+<specimenCount id="83DB73EE3CC7A83822FB2E7675BA3D4E" count="1" type="male">adult males</specimenCount>
+); third and fourth rows: 
+<specimenCode id="33E418D48D3C0534413C1EAA5F3A771C">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6MBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+72667
+</specimenCode>
+, 72665 (
+<specimenCount id="75FDD89C51654AAA9D6E7826173C447D" count="1" type="male">adult males</specimenCount>
+); fifth and sixth rows: 
+<specimenCode id="E403EBAC4D88F5694A456AB4D405EF5F">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDNBK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">QCAZ</abbrev>
+73709
+</specimenCode>
+, 72669 (
+<specimenCount id="78D84AF4A717F9082B356E3710235254" count="1" type="male">adult males</specimenCount>
+).
+</paragraph>
+</caption>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0EMNBK" type="Definition">
+<paragraph id="F023B26D27D4232AFE5AC589E43063D7">
+<heading id="FEDB6A4FE914FEF8357017E0503877FA" reason="title">Definition.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="E235F24A9F7C9BCFF760133AD70C3173">
+In this section, coloration and characters refer to preserved specimens unless otherwise mentioned. The Definition and Diagnosis are based on 
+<specimenCount id="C2BDD9134506D3CA4452673A5A14BB9C" count="8" type="adult">
+eight 
+<specimenCount id="25F065379C094C676AE3ACF8BF59FFD5" count="1" type="male">adult males</specimenCount>
+</specimenCount>
+, females are unknown. 
+<taxonomicName id="CEDB1DF8763B094D2E34EB3D0DC10912" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="4E5520BE3767D4D9C16F90B19E11A25E" italics="true">Hyloscirtus elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="980684835555662AEA50F6983F4C7ED0" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+can be diagnosed by the combination of the following characters: (1) male mean 
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4NBK" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+<quantity id="D4133E6A890D9FA5604D78D3FE14EB29" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.63" unit="mm" value="36.3">36.3 mm</quantity>
+(range 34.5–37.6; 
+<emphasis id="86B522B9EEC0E021CBD1B5E6E2388429" italics="true">n</emphasis>
+= 9; Suppl. material 
+<xref id="A64A6A2477F1F1708B4388196FA217FB" ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S1">1</xref>
+: table S 5, Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="18CFD53C952A6A91D34F3C5E94E9820A" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Boxplot of the snout-vent length (SVL) comparison analysis. SVL measurements of adult males and females of Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus, H. maycu sp. nov., H. elbakyanae sp. nov., H. dispersus sp. nov., and H. phyllognathus. The line in the middle of the box represents the median and the upper and lower ends of the box are the 75 % and 25 % quartiles, respectively." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279265">7</figureCitation>
+); (2) white supralabial stripe absent; (3) tympanum round, inconspicuous; supratympanic fold inconspicuous and unpigmented; (4) white ulnar and cloacal folds present; white tarsal fold present, inconspicuous to conspicuous; (5) subarticular tubercles conspicuous in hands and feet; (6) supernumerary tubercles inconspicuous; (7) calcar tubercle absent; (8) pericloacal spots well-defined; (9) all surface plain cream with inconspicuous or absent white spots and minute or thick black spots or flecks in the dorsum; (10) in life, dorsal surfaces and flanks olive green, brownish green or greyish green with or without white flecks and with minute or thick black spots or flecks; axillar and inguinal regions silver or brownish; venter and posterior surfaces of tights yellow; other ventral surfaces silver or brownish; pericloacal spots ill-defined, unpigmented; webbing yellow orange; iris pearl to clam shell with pinkish drown or leather reticulations; (11) the advertisement call consists of a single note, with a mean duration of 0.056 ± 
+<geoCoordinate id="3CC092D0A2CA47C967AFBB3498BC4E30" degrees="0.001" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-0.001">0.001 s</geoCoordinate>
+and a dominant frequency of 2321.29 ± 127.86 Hz and fundamental frequency of 1184.35 ± 30.48 Hz. The call can be repeated in a series of 4–13 calls.
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0ELOBK" type="diagnosis">
+<paragraph id="05A7126256A90D6CEF05F5C85B11C779">
+<heading id="04E9348FDD31E9F3DD425F684FACDC60" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="BCDA3F5C283DE0EA99BDECA42DC663C5">
+Characters in this section pertain to preserved specimens unless otherwise noticed. Coloration refers to live specimens. The most similar species to 
+<taxonomicName id="79BBBDDC1840630FB873218C0A7B1FCB" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="D7FEB2CE3CADBF22669EED382AD6DBDC" italics="true">Hyloscirtus elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="02E1CAE7C81A5A27F5502464891B4149" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+in the Amazon basin are 
+<taxonomicName id="CCC19655E3BEE651E247286E81AB7D19" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="2E3B44CCB0E690C5A3E2020410526761" italics="true">Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+, 
+<taxonomicName id="127C2C17354C7AE8029D51A6375C5ECB" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maycu" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="04BC0E0D3E180A70FCF95D7A28397373" italics="true">H. maycu</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="A483A2C1117B03B06C1A2C9520EA0885" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+, 
+<taxonomicName id="CB059ABCFF865D18E218DE8FCDD290A4" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispersus" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="45663925DDD01D1C8CBD8ECB3964455C" italics="true">H. dispersus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="36B2AE963364812041908CCAFD0F164A" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+, 
+<taxonomicName id="E3D4B6C589A020FA32893E01FEA4F123" baseAuthorityName="Melin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllognathus">
+<emphasis id="BE7D70333CFC475B407900A16B1294EB" italics="true">H. phyllognathus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+, and 
+<emphasis id="B28862B7E25315DEA25FCAC244CD0899" italics="true">
+<taxonomicName id="BFA5D6375F02B1B73CD83CEDCE68957D" baseAuthorityName="Duellman and Altig" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrenticola">H. torrenticola</taxonomicName>
+. 
+<taxonomicName id="11A6D88192FF79BBDB249797233823FF" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">Hyloscirtus elbakyanae</taxonomicName>
+</emphasis>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="88BC1213DED56DC066FE309770772E1B" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+differs by the absence of a white supralabial stripe (present in 
+<taxonomicName id="288C80A86B2D39B4A717DA8ED59925CE" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="DBA0E094C2A53777F4F2D6C3BD2DF839" italics="true">H. albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+, 
+<taxonomicName id="04DAC3EDB2B5781EA8E8777E50BC4329" baseAuthorityName="Melin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllognathus">
+<emphasis id="E8DA87E58422E9A4805AB446DD5AC2E3" italics="true">H. phyllognathus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+and 
+<taxonomicName id="1E1A77ECD9542A49F58B0C7949590F7F" baseAuthorityName="Duellman and Altig" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrenticola">
+<emphasis id="476411A7E2A038F9E366DE1F6F159E8C" italics="true">H. torrenticola</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+), an absent supratympanic fold (present in 
+<taxonomicName id="B0CAF602A9FA8478868C6EC3026623F2" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="C5B10F311417DD98AFCE4F5BD255A827" italics="true">H. albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+and 
+<taxonomicName id="873BC50E0FF681745971BD50D6CC9C07" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispersus" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="68C659E9CA39C5D922EA78AF6FE3DDD6" italics="true">H. dispersus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="685C599CD086949D68E5561B1A2DA13C" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+), an inconspicuous tarsal fold (conspicuous in 
+<taxonomicName id="E9BEFDB1429087D7F80FE8D306BA17B2" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="2C1994A39E3A1187F6A21EABAF794AD5" italics="true">H. albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+, 
+<taxonomicName id="E16E5AFCC601DB4067EE4965BCB2C425" baseAuthorityName="Melin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllognathus">
+<emphasis id="9DE6112F3FC869C609136AC14E242971" italics="true">H. phyllognathus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+, and 
+<taxonomicName id="F3D0F052492F20A44DD68966B6F21279" baseAuthorityName="Duellman and Altig" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrenticola">
+<emphasis id="09E2A45CA6D178F847CD6304EDE1464E" italics="true">H. torrenticola</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+), conspicuous subarticular tubercles in hands and feet (inconspicuous in hands and feet in 
+<taxonomicName id="E8647A414C6C7D2A435A824F30538353" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="F2BA4FB17ED20DE5E2EB28EFD0825FA0" italics="true">H. albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+, Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="44CCCB8E3027C00ED0309775A6286A7F" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Ventral views of right hands and feet of the species A H. albopunctulatus, QCAZ 59825, SVL: 37.9 mm, female B H. maycu sp. nov., QCAZ 67087, SVL: 34.1 mm, male C H. elbakyanae sp. nov., QCAZ 53808, SVL: 36.1 mm, male D H. dispersus sp. nov., QCAZ 52006, SVL: 32.6 mm, male." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279269">11</figureCitation>
+), inconspicuous supernumerary tubercles in hands and feet (conspicuous in hands in 
+<taxonomicName id="EE2A97D84DD524680B9193A46FDFC2DE" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispersus" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="76D41A0DCCF5E70B826952EF2675FAD0" italics="true">H. dispersus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="F9D725177148996CDA779122CCCE1F59" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+), absent pericloacal spots (present in 
+<taxonomicName id="336B935C34C24481AE625815BD58FE15" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="CB86EBB9433A8577BACD24796DBAF6A8" italics="true">H. albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+and 
+<taxonomicName id="C0545EAC694863DF9B60D1B9484395E8" baseAuthorityName="Melin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllognathus">
+<emphasis id="7912931DBD72810C38D0CFC49E9DB680" italics="true">H. phyllognathus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+), absent calcar tubercle (present in 
+<taxonomicName id="D0C870AB9FB72CCEA1EEC569C80FBEEE" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispersus" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="50C6484256E9D7EFD505B8693B6A1D63" italics="true">H. dispersus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="6058AE295130211484E0D9E5E53CE3D7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+and 
+<taxonomicName id="5957950AFE1C6BF29DDCE59D9471ECF6" baseAuthorityName="Melin" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllognathus">
+<emphasis id="98D1622BF1C9ABCF1C69DEC063A80189" italics="true">H. phyllognathus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+), and a clam shell or pearl iris (clam shell with black or sand dune reticulations in 
+<taxonomicName id="E4FADE5C1F69FC8B96D6AEFD19220D22" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="C2EADE97AADAB5B8C90B0839F769F3B9" italics="true">H. albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+and a bronze iris in 
+<taxonomicName id="11DC5BC6D95631F67672555986B32E61" baseAuthorityName="Duellman and Altig" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrenticola">
+<emphasis id="0DA19DA7A65F66C69B6122C51EE2AEC7" italics="true">H. torrenticola</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+, Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="1D9AD23621FC1F0DB53BF86DC6463D81" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Photographs of individuals of Hyloscirtus phyllognathus and H. torrenticola species in life A dorsolateral and ventral views of a male of H. phyllognathus sensu stricto (CORBIDI 9590, Catarata Ahuashiyacu, San Martín, Perú) B dorsolateral view of a female of H. torrenticola (MAR 1938, Departamento de Caquetá, Colombia) C dorsolateral view of a male of H. torrenticola (MAR 1974, same locality as B). Photographs by Alessandro Catenazzi (A) and Marco Rada (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279270">12</figureCitation>
+).
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="6F8F0394C6E5411603A173B85D76FB13">
+The advertisement call of 
+<taxonomicName id="C8BE54A0A848439831C6ED48A02C921E" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="FA886BD0EC82FC2CA4D2975D54F21E71" italics="true">Hyloscirtus elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="3C6D8E65CD1273349832DF3B25DD2A9B" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+has a rise time of 0.57 ± 
+<geoCoordinate id="59141AD5F548CF85E356C4D888C6DCE7" degrees="0.05" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-0.05">0.05 s</geoCoordinate>
+(longer in 
+<taxonomicName id="E0657074928B775C0D787832AE718CA8" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="0B42D3B34D3CEEDC4673E48D7E9A25F6" italics="true">H. albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+with 2.28 ± 
+<geoCoordinate id="D370C8974111B48E396228B5CCB687E1" degrees="0.80" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-0.8">0.80 s</geoCoordinate>
+and in 
+<taxonomicName id="2499DFA3A23F785D1CC3185D7B4FBDC2" baseAuthorityName="Duellman and Altig" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrenticola">
+<emphasis id="D9673C0038A5FD6725B173AE5390CC08" italics="true">H. torrenticola</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+with 0.16 ± 
+<geoCoordinate id="15F4038AF46A6DD2438B82C34567AFCE" degrees="0.017" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-0.017">0.017 s</geoCoordinate>
+), a dominant frequency of 2321.29 ± 127.86 Hz and a fundamental frequency of 1184.35 ± 30.48 Hz (higher dominant frequency of 2795.41 ± 138.68 Hz and fundamental frequency of 2700.63 ± 195.66 Hz in 
+<taxonomicName id="69E8A4932A247F9B59D900D1D505AC72" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispersus" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="BA3112735286AA0C0854D88116CFEA63" italics="true">H. dispersus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="63E5F7DE1B1146F570D9D6728C853C8B" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+). 
+<taxonomicName id="4B6D0BBFFD6289C83C3F4C2FD8E8CAE2" baseAuthorityName="Duellman and Altig" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrenticola">
+<emphasis id="3C47F263A877AFEF96B3883235A32C73" italics="true">Hyloscirtus torrenticola</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+also has a higher dominant frequency of 2743.79 ± 48.22 Hz and a fundamental frequency of 2743.75 ± 48.16 Hz. 
+<taxonomicName id="1CC39F3BD8CEB39DFF825006A7E15498" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="AB324381040897BF9808B46DF85526EE" italics="true">Hyloscirtus elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="98036C5D398CDC5D89481D6C997D69EE" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+has a call duration of 0.06 ± 
+<geoCoordinate id="B1AFA483D55CC62518FA3DB986DC8900" degrees="0.001" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-0.001">0.001 s</geoCoordinate>
+(longer in 
+<taxonomicName id="F1B5D7F5FC56F0B87CC9FF5F6D53F937" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispersus" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="7D662978C8A1CCB63F74486C896C010E" italics="true">H. dispersus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="FBCFAA2BCB73756F1D4455E7CEBDED0D" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+with 0.11 ± 
+<geoCoordinate id="A6F571CF7947EBDF1A76FAB3D4A48FCF" degrees="0.015" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-0.015">0.015 s</geoCoordinate>
+) and an intercall duration of 0.12 ± 
+<geoCoordinate id="1C437F2CCD49C00BE7E52C8FA3194D3A" degrees="0.007" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-0.007">0.007 s</geoCoordinate>
+(shorter in 
+<taxonomicName id="57BEDDC505594E7E3623791D7ED57BD9" baseAuthorityName="Duellman and Altig" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrenticola">
+<emphasis id="0272F4656008053C56CC1E12EEBD08EE" italics="true">H. torrenticola</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+with 0.07 ± 0.007 and longer in 
+<taxonomicName id="14EDD4B4E6FC58D915BBAAE6DC0898CB" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctulatus">
+<emphasis id="60EEB0518449B8E2842046D627363EB4" italics="true">H. albopunctulatus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+with 0.30 ± 
+<geoCoordinate id="4B1C8941245B3CFE2658528CF7B9F83D" degrees="0.06" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-0.06">0.06 s</geoCoordinate>
+and in 
+<taxonomicName id="5D68AAD8C5789D962BF2E591DBF64157" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispersus" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="5AAEFF40523010C8F8697DED6F4E0746" italics="true">H. dispersus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="71773789088542B5D93CCF9F80342152" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+of 0.33 ± 
+<geoCoordinate id="AD3DC62BDE2BDA3D410BD1A6540A48B0" degrees="0.044" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-0.044">0.044 s</geoCoordinate>
+) (Table 
+<tableCitation id="20AC683D769B9C6F73F58EC0F52672A1" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="T4" captionText="Table 4. Acoustic parameters comparing calls of Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus (Lineage A), H. maycu sp. nov. (Lineage B), H. elbakyanae sp. nov. (Lineage D), H. phyllognathus sensu stricto (Lineage E), H. UCS 2 (Lineage F), H. dispersus sp. nov. (Lineage G) and H. torrenticola from type locality. Mean ± SD is given with range in parentheses. Five calls were analyzed per individual." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/099975DED9AD88D1F9F91AA3582D90BC" tableUuid="099975DED9AD88D1F9F91AA3582D90BC">4</tableCitation>
+, Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="BE2641A7E98F23BABC3B31F00BAB7B58" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Advertisement calls of Amazonian species of the Hyloscirtus bogotensis species group. Oscillograms above with their corresponding spectrograms below are shown for each species." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279267">9</figureCitation>
+; 
+<bibRefCitation id="B8A04AF0B598646308620DC84CF16D42" author="Melin" firstAuthor="Melin" journalOrPublisher="Gothenburg, Sweden" refId="B61" refString="Melin D (1941) Contributions to the knowledge of the amphibia of south America. Gothenburg, Sweden, 71 pp." title="Contributions to the knowledge of the amphibia of south America." year="1941">Melin 1941</bibRefCitation>
+; 
+<bibRefCitation id="20A90B54044D4E5AC38EEB66CA1D9655" author="Duellman and Altig" firstAuthor="Duellman" journalOrPublisher="Herpetologica" pagination="177-185" refId="B23" refString="Duellman WE, Altig R (1978) New species of tree frogs (family Hylidae) from the Andes of Colombia and Ecuador. Herpetologica 34: 177–185." title="New species of tree frogs (family Hylidae) from the Andes of Colombia and Ecuador." volume="34" year="1978">Duellman and Altig 1978</bibRefCitation>
+; 
+<bibRefCitation id="9251DC5ED7039E8D9607658F76F063A0" author="Rivera-Correa" firstAuthor="Rivera-Correa" refId="B80" refString="Rivera-Correa M (2016) Evolution of Andean Rivers Hyloscirtus (Anura: Hylidae): Phylogenetic relations, taxonomic review and delimitation of species. Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul. Faculdade de Biociencias. Tese de Doutorado. Porto Alegre, Brazil." year="2016">Rivera-Correa 2016</bibRefCitation>
+).
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="4EE8393F9967929BC457309CBBCDC6B7">
+Moreover, 
+<taxonomicName id="DDE3A4FF3CE864F83C94544EF0D69198" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="1ACA870C2B20FF22AABE91637BBA3EEC" italics="true">H. elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="D37DF44C70A6DCD0D59AEA32CD3996A9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+inhabits elevations between 214 and 
+<quantity id="138CD12C2A6C8CD0A1864FA85B9A69DE" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.22" unit="m" value="622.0">622 m</quantity>
+, while 
+<taxonomicName id="5C452D068CA6DFDED9EE8CE44BA1EE03" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maycu" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="C890EE38F9CB1AFA46008B7251B6AD0D" italics="true">H. maycu</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="D7C6C5F438D864FC65AE6FCB42EE5A0C" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+lives higher between 882 and 
+<quantity id="6B52387B0261F87CA7AF418CAEDBD10B" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.183" unit="m" value="1183.0">1183 m</quantity>
+, in colder and dryer environments (Figs 
+<figureCitation id="7CA7B8B12E4FED92F87D68A35B5A3A27" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Geographic distribution of Amazonian species of the Hyloscirtus bogotensis group. Stars represent the type locality of H. albopunctulatus, H. phyllognathus and H. torrenticola. Symbol colors in the map match those of the lineages in the phylogeny. Boxplot comparing the elevational ranges are shown, which excludes H. phyllognathus and H. torrenticola due to the small sample." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279263">5</figureCitation>
+and 
+<figureCitation id="BAA986D269D90CC2FF38FADCDD083672" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Principal components (PC) of the environmental envelope analysis. Eight environmental variables were analyzed of localities of Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus, H. maycu sp. nov., H. elbakyanae sp. nov., H. dispersus sp. nov., H. phyllognathus sensu stricto, H. UCS 1 an individual from Lineage F (UCS 2), and H. torrenticola sensu stricto. Normal data ellipses are shown by group. The contribution of each principal component to explain total variation is shown in parentheses. The results of the PC analysis are shown in Suppl. material 1: table S 8." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279268">10</figureCitation>
+). The available evidence indicates that 
+<taxonomicName id="148F80BC11714940520C7C29EB25D231" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="4441BC623741383845ECD69F9F1FACBB" italics="true">H. elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="B953B3F2BC0511165B48CBFCBA6AD222" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+is larger than 
+<taxonomicName id="D1234922E78D4B949FF034E3A7CA6D36" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maycu" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="B244F4531D50EDC6E02BA11A15F4C51D" italics="true">H. maycu</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="FCAB17FCAB1690077D9C4C7F5345A365" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+(Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="EDAF0C9D17F45109CF43053BA000109C" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Boxplot of the snout-vent length (SVL) comparison analysis. SVL measurements of adult males and females of Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus, H. maycu sp. nov., H. elbakyanae sp. nov., H. dispersus sp. nov., and H. phyllognathus. The line in the middle of the box represents the median and the upper and lower ends of the box are the 75 % and 25 % quartiles, respectively." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279265">7</figureCitation>
+).
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0ET3BK" type="description">
+<paragraph id="40100F0DFF5E2B7CD1DBED50F8410AA5">
+<heading id="5F8E7C1AC18E2A2E4E57CC7E46F93130" reason="title">
+Description of the 
+<typeStatus id="97CA2A5E05B0A56C4D86850DDB1B6D34" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
+.
+</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="AF92D929D691871190603B513F5E010E">
+Description of characters based on preserved specimen. Adult male (Figs 
+<figureCitation id="826769446CDCD98E932154346F63587A" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Variation of preserved specimens of Hyloscirtus elbakyanae sp. nov. Dorsal and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: QCAZ 72666, 73669, 72668 (adult males); third and fourth rows: QCAZ 53808 (holotype, adult male), QCAZ 72665, 73709 (adult males). See Suppl. material 1: table S 1 for locality information. All specimens are shown at the same scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279276">18</figureCitation>
+, 
+<figureCitation id="2B39679B196F77ABFDDAADED7B6E01F8" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Variation in life of Hyloscirtus elbakyanae sp. nov. Dorsolateral and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: QCAZ 53808 (holotype, adult male), QCAZ 53807, 53831 (adult males); third and fourth rows: QCAZ 72667, 72665 (adult males); fifth and sixth rows: QCAZ 73709, 72669 (adult males)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279277">19</figureCitation>
+). Measurements (in mm): 
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EB4BK" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+36.1; foot length 14.3, head length 10.5, head width 11.7, eye diameter 3.4, tympanum diameter 1.6, tibia length 16.9, femur length 16.7, internarial distance 3.0, inter-orbital distance 5.5. Head wider than long; body slender; snout rounded in dorsal and lateral views; distance from nostril to eye shorter than diameter of eye; canthus rostralis distinct; loreal region concave; internarial region nearly flat; top of the head flat; nostrils not protuberant, round, directed anterolaterally; lips rounded, not flared; interorbital area slightly concave, longer than upper eyelid; tympanum inconspicuous, with upper and posterior margins barely covered by a curved and thin inconspicuous supratympanic fold reaching anterior margin of insertion of arm; tympanic annulus absent; tympanic membrane absent; mental gland present, oval-shaped, very distinct, extending ~ 1 / 2 the length of the head; dentigerous processes of vomers straight, in transverse row posterior to level of choanae, which is round, each process narrowly separated from each other and bearing 4 teeth; tongue slightly cordiform, widely attached to mouth floor; vocal slits and vocal sac present.
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="A8EE08AEDF2C095C23DBCD9B7A4C768D">
+Forearms slender; axillary membrane absent; fingers bearing dermal fringes and rounded discs; relative lengths of fingers I &lt;II &lt;IV &lt;III; webbing formula I basal II 2 – — 3 – III 2 
+<superScript id="89E42ABEC125E7719F3DFC4A3D7CD265">+</superScript>
+— 2 – IV; subarticular tubercles prominent, round, single; supernumerary tubercles inconspicuous; thenar and palmar tubercles absent; small prepollex, not modified as a spine; nuptial pads absent; ulnar tubercles absent; outer ulnar fold present. Hindlimbs moderately robust; toes bearing rounded discs; relative length of toes I &lt;II &lt;III &lt;V &lt;IV; extensive toe webbing, formula I 1 – — 1 
+<superScript id="53F972299D4FA7A7BCFDA59EF392805A">3 / 4</superScript>
+II 1 – — 2 – III 1 
+<superScript id="5B06654B29A1843097CFAD41E5F85144">+</superScript>
+— 1 – IV 1 – — 1 – V; outer tarsal fold present; tarsal tubercles absent; calcar tubercle absent; subarticular tubercles round and single; supernumerary tubercles not distinctive; inner metatarsal tubercle present and ovoid, outer absent. Skin on dorsal surfaces and flanks smooth and ventral surfaces granular; cloacal opening directed posteriorly at upper level of thighs, rounded tubercles below; cloacal fold thick.
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0EN4BK" type="Color of holotype in preservative">
+<paragraph id="57B867A161A9C81183B15687E892FB14">
+<heading id="F5CBDFA68E076204B5E0EC519F3C64D9" reason="title">
+Color of 
+<typeStatus id="4B27C5ECB4EDD6FD669F47A55F9AC7D2" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
+in preservative
+</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="0191BD2E074E29F988F67AFF3F3B64A2">
+(Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="E13FFE3D36645765233D97A57FE4174F" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Variation of preserved specimens of Hyloscirtus elbakyanae sp. nov. Dorsal and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: QCAZ 72666, 73669, 72668 (adult males); third and fourth rows: QCAZ 53808 (holotype, adult male), QCAZ 72665, 73709 (adult males). See Suppl. material 1: table S 1 for locality information. All specimens are shown at the same scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279276">18</figureCitation>
+). Dorsal surfaces of the dorsum, flanks and limbs cream covered with minute black spots, more abundant in the head. Very few white spots barely visible dispersed on the posterior dorsum and dorsal surfaces of the hindlimbs. Venter, throat, and ventral surfaces of limbs plain cream. Mental gland cream with small black spots. White supralabial stripe absent. Ulnar, tarsal, and cloacal folds white. Webbing cream.
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0EX4BK" type="Color of holotype in life">
+<paragraph id="D655475AD360788515C81151875DFB89">
+<heading id="585701057359DBAF11FA11F3C59069C6" reason="title">
+Color of 
+<typeStatus id="57927459629CB0680353CFADE902F04A" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
+in life
+</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="D6FBE0523B6C702E8AFB1A78F05AC610">
+(Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="BC7C7802D3E8F1FB381BB6A9EF82997F" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Variation in life of Hyloscirtus elbakyanae sp. nov. Dorsolateral and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: QCAZ 53808 (holotype, adult male), QCAZ 53807, 53831 (adult males); third and fourth rows: QCAZ 72667, 72665 (adult males); fifth and sixth rows: QCAZ 73709, 72669 (adult males)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279277">19</figureCitation>
+). Based on digital photographs. Dorsal surfaces and flanks dark brownish green with minute black spots, more abundant on the anterior part of the head and limbs, as if those areas were dark brown. Few barely visible white flecks spread on the hindlimbs. Venter and posterior surfaces of thighs yellow, other ventral surfaces whitish. Throat greenish white. Tympanum pale green. Mental gland calico. Ulnar, tarsal, and cloacal folds white. Webbing yellow. Iris pearl with pinkish-brown reticulations.
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0EB5BK" type="variation">
+<paragraph id="F8EE4D1573CBB686D7DA6555D611A1AC">
+<heading id="1E9051C557DE2406B42B784CF5391522" reason="title">Variation.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="F8B4EC8D210C6556B2A68C67FB574B03">
+Dorsal and ventral variation of adult specimens is illustrated on Figs 
+<figureCitation id="E97D3074E47CBE8D3DA133D86B8A3B50" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Variation of preserved specimens of Hyloscirtus elbakyanae sp. nov. Dorsal and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: QCAZ 72666, 73669, 72668 (adult males); third and fourth rows: QCAZ 53808 (holotype, adult male), QCAZ 72665, 73709 (adult males). See Suppl. material 1: table S 1 for locality information. All specimens are shown at the same scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279276">18</figureCitation>
+, 
+<figureCitation id="A73B4BDAF2AC9CD01825FD761EBFF768" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Variation in life of Hyloscirtus elbakyanae sp. nov. Dorsolateral and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: QCAZ 53808 (holotype, adult male), QCAZ 53807, 53831 (adult males); third and fourth rows: QCAZ 72667, 72665 (adult males); fifth and sixth rows: QCAZ 73709, 72669 (adult males)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279277">19</figureCitation>
+. In preservative, dorsum varies from cream with scattered white spots through the body and limbs and minute and thick black pots scattered across the body and limbs (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="D9FB052D6A431C39165FD07EFC608FEA">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EP5BK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="A13DCCE28037095F8F95C5BDF39B3E68" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+73669
+</specimenCode>
+) or barely visible black spots or marks (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="02001B4229D86178D2DB6B03F7E8531D">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ET5BK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="E48B963A3482BCE88B059B2599E620BC" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+72666
+</specimenCode>
+), without white spots and brownish black flecks dispersed in the body and limbs, more accumulated in the anterior part of the body (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="5071B52CF419BB4CEE01BF4D4873DCCF">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EX5BK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="2B987EF95CF177795506ED36B066D1D8" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+72668
+</specimenCode>
+) or spots covering the entire body and limbs (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="E43BC420240C402E4DE153101DD816F0">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E25BK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="14DC0C305FB63A8D5CFFBB9207092354" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+72665
+</specimenCode>
+) to paler cream without white spots and few black marks in the anterior part of the body (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="35FEB4E1FC4C35301269B0AC26C92399">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E65BK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="DA8059705D0EBAADCAFFE438435D61DE" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+73709
+</specimenCode>
+). Ventral surfaces vary from darker cream (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="2151807E1D711C7BCD030575A950B1F1">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ED6BK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="FDEA0B55CBA6FF23CCA964DE54FB34D6" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+72666
+</specimenCode>
+) to paler cream (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="55AF24D6799ACF3FA23C5122AAA75A92">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EH6BK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="865AEE41B90A985A9284AAA1F54192CE" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+73709
+</specimenCode>
+). Mental gland varies from cream (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="FB97A7BC8E586D6805FDEE97059B697D">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EL6BK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="8FEA79AED53A9431B8E4CA7598319CB7" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+73669
+</specimenCode>
+) to whitish (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="1C265DACDE980F91EC3C4874A8684336">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EP6BK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="3117135D4A1E6CB0BD295C221471D9F8" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+72665
+</specimenCode>
+). White supralabial stripe varies from inconspicuous (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="11DF3115521A70B9863D6028A357F6A5">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ET6BK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="B493B9DD9A630E9135A2FDD552E19EC4" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+72665
+</specimenCode>
+) to absent (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="2996252EE44116E95FA11CC74DB437FB">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EX6BK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="F863AE6A9C059AE4978954994C651D43" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+73709
+</specimenCode>
+).
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="F734E36E11B721FBBFC7626EEA2C48A6">
+In life (Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="20ADA78F50E5B9D46F25A60F563321A6" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Variation in life of Hyloscirtus elbakyanae sp. nov. Dorsolateral and ventral views. From left to right, first and second rows: QCAZ 53808 (holotype, adult male), QCAZ 53807, 53831 (adult males); third and fourth rows: QCAZ 72667, 72665 (adult males); fifth and sixth rows: QCAZ 73709, 72669 (adult males)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279277">19</figureCitation>
+), dorsum varies from pale olive green, olive green, brownish green, darker brownish green to greyish green with barely visible white spots scattered throughout the body and few black marks in the anterior part of the body (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="630B6502ADC2E31292751E63522AEB24">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBACK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="F2EFD9E60B5D843BA2A531D192154EC9" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+53831
+</specimenCode>
+) or without black marks or spots (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="CE8C0BD8F128A41601D851778EA59CBB">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFACK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="3C2C3BFA0BD318B74C9F5D41C256D615" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+53807
+</specimenCode>
+), to absent white or black spots (
+<specimenCode id="08AD85F13E3C2F0687565B0E2B5A5794">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJACK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="FC1CEBDB54BF8F98477F1E5BD38CF29D" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+72665
+</specimenCode>
+, 72667, 72669 and 73709). Ventral surfaces, besides venter and posterior thighs, vary from silver (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="662764942A8091F72BDFC704DA14F04C">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENACK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="391126AAA1EBBF3F3860389F032B2985" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+53807
+</specimenCode>
+) to whitish (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="ECA37D12F498247A0FE569ABF2646939">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERACK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="AF1DFA8AAB7E262938999A3E168B0848" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+73709
+</specimenCode>
+). Iris varies from clam shell with thin reticulations (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="49B053495BAF66E3771B7DB6F30D3175">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVACK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="0F1A2BE7B4E4665674FB873556847475" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+73709
+</specimenCode>
+) to pearl with thicker reticulations (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="74648E0315AF79428DA5D6B07A25B845">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZACK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="ACA0E6D1C72E910392A0AB64D7ED47EB" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+72667
+</specimenCode>
+). White supralabial stripe varies from present (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="1C0DF2ABB68BE115B496EFF86FF955ED">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4ACK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="31350B45FBE175110937DB1BD765F39A" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+72665
+</specimenCode>
+) to absent (e. g., 
+<specimenCode id="1A57CB795A4F6EE8CB0A932B301DD40F">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBBCK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="492441C5C5E9C566652CE7B0C953FFD3" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+72667
+</specimenCode>
+).
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0EFBCK" type="distribution">
+<paragraph id="4395E970FB395DC4037A0431C46FD19D">
+<heading id="FFE7799CF14C06A40BEF661B5880FBB0" reason="title">Distribution and natural history.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="1EAF97308C06562C6F46D8357347910C">
+<taxonomicName id="5F322204F55537CFD07DFF4BB6D39A43" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="B003B5081F5A3E363BFD9BE96074FE14" italics="true">Hyloscirtus elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="24A0EEFBD1B39B25C3FEEE01A969C18C" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+is known from seven localities, nearby the type locality, Comunidad Shaime, Provincia 
+<collectingRegion id="38E1434208D132D15F3E3BD26C47F3E9" country="Ecuador" name="Morona-Santiago">Morona Santiago</collectingRegion>
+, 
+<collectingCountry id="5DB873FEC57CD71387CF51A61A61850A" name="Ecuador">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
+, at elevations between 
+<quantity id="99A2DE1B4182E0E56C349260A55A9872" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.18" metricValueMax="6.22" metricValueMin="2.1399999999999997" unit="m" value="418.0" valueMax="622.0" valueMin="214.0">214–622 m</quantity>
+(Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="D4E9816F726B6FBBD187C8B1974595DB" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Geographic distribution of Amazonian species of the Hyloscirtus bogotensis group. Stars represent the type locality of H. albopunctulatus, H. phyllognathus and H. torrenticola. Symbol colors in the map match those of the lineages in the phylogeny. Boxplot comparing the elevational ranges are shown, which excludes H. phyllognathus and H. torrenticola due to the small sample." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279263">5</figureCitation>
+). Biogeographic regions are Amazon Humid Tropical Forest and Eastern Lower Montane Forest (
+<bibRefCitation id="5D03B610611BB6771D0E3E1C307777FA" author="Ron" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ron" refId="B85" refString="Ron SR, Merino-Viteri A, Ortiz DA (2022) Anfibios del Ecuador. Version 2022.0. Museo de Zoología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador. https://bioweb.bio/faunaweb/amphibiaweb [accessed 21 March 2023]" url="https://bioweb.bio/faunaweb/amphibiaweb" year="2022">Ron et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
+). This species lives in hillside forest, with varying levels of anthropogenic disturbance. The habitat is dominated by palms (
+<taxonomicName id="4373760CD28E8B8B45B56A7774D29ABA" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Iriartea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="deltoidea">
+<emphasis id="B160767EE6311A50B09CB73133973979" italics="true">Iriartea deltoidea</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+) and trees up to 
+<quantity id="D056E85DE00CDABC9FADAFA19920144C" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="m" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">20–30 m</quantity>
+high (collectors’ observations). They are nocturnal and have been found on ravines with shrub vegetation on the edge of torrent rivers and streams. 
+<taxonomicName id="5A4569C8CEA62570464A5C96C84215FE" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="8B46C3FB273CEB2DB52732E16E2AF3EC" italics="true">Hyloscirtus elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="AD73FB9717D11B0EF9C703CC1817444A" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+calls from under rocks in streams with little water and cracks. There are no records of individuals perching on riparian vegetation.
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0EUCCK" type="Advertisement call">
+<paragraph id="5C53EBEF288C6ED6AA21B03A8A398BD8">
+<heading id="EB87FA1368B7A9491BC60A1D69570D98" reason="title">Advertisement call.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="CEA4419549DD3A5C4CBC0EBDA2BF0E00">
+We analyzed ten calls from two individuals. Both calls (
+<specimenCode id="E8A4FFC32255D01DD884C91307F2EC6A">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1CCK" xlink_title="group available from Museo de Zoología">
+<collectionCode id="0CE686B895922CAEE56534A66561E56D" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
+</abbrev>
+53807
+</specimenCode>
+–08) from Comunidad Shaime, Provincia 
+<collectingRegion id="5ABAE5B03AAD49C2B109A2F9948BAE3A" country="Ecuador" name="Morona-Santiago">Morona Santiago</collectingRegion>
+, recorded on 
+<date id="3B1377F27489B2C3D30E419012BCCEDD" value="2012-07-23">23 July 2012</date>
+by SRR and T. Camacho, water temperature 20–21 ° C. The advertisement call consists of a single tonal note, repeated in series of 4–13 calls (Fig. 
+<figureCitation id="B05331021FD57DEAE67D3B6777B29079" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Advertisement calls of Amazonian species of the Hyloscirtus bogotensis species group. Oscillograms above with their corresponding spectrograms below are shown for each species." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1231.124926.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1279267">9 C</figureCitation>
+). Average call duration is 0.06 ± 
+<geoCoordinate id="8C0F60DE962F67C02780ABE75E10E51E" degrees="0.05" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-0.05">0.05 s</geoCoordinate>
+with an average inter-call interval of 0.12 ± 
+<geoCoordinate id="BF6FCE0B6BC50E6EABBE6F20CFFCD247" degrees="0.007" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-0.007">0.007 s</geoCoordinate>
+. The average dominant frequency is 2321.29 ± 127.86. Other call parameters are listed in Table 
+<tableCitation id="E796701EF0472D3A35252D595D6A5BC4" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="T4" captionText="Table 4. Acoustic parameters comparing calls of Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus (Lineage A), H. maycu sp. nov. (Lineage B), H. elbakyanae sp. nov. (Lineage D), H. phyllognathus sensu stricto (Lineage E), H. UCS 2 (Lineage F), H. dispersus sp. nov. (Lineage G) and H. torrenticola from type locality. Mean ± SD is given with range in parentheses. Five calls were analyzed per individual." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/099975DED9AD88D1F9F91AA3582D90BC" tableUuid="099975DED9AD88D1F9F91AA3582D90BC">4</tableCitation>
+.
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0EGDCK" type="conservation status">
+<paragraph id="AB692E6D40450DAA04A7461453459FB5">
+<heading id="3653BBFCB0D156593E31A682959CAB65" reason="title">Conservation status.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="114651FBF9E03A4A9727677E1BD3669E">
+The distribution polygon of 
+<taxonomicName id="18A133D07B6E6E5A07E368DD91559AB9" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="2D1D6E4AA452183AB319376200415D10" italics="true">H. elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="7C2D024D82BD8595EA6A915F0031D5F3" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+is 
+<quantity id="5AC490B3874232D1EBF02EE6641BDFD8" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="km" value="11.0">11 km</quantity>
+<superScript id="15B178344F03E5F6B85BE820310DAAC4">2</superScript>
+. There is evidence of deforestation due to logging and it is not known to occur in protected areas. There might be undiscovered populations because the region where it occurs has not been thoroughly sampled. However, in response to its distribution range being less than 
+<quantity id="4823C7DCF5F8D20FD355866F1516BB35" metricMagnitude="7" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="20000.0">20000 km</quantity>
+<superScript id="C77A05AFC012DBEC341A8CE150A18FBE">2</superScript>
+and having fewer than ten known localities, we propose assigning 
+<taxonomicName id="CFB868B56B7089B310D75365C3DFD359" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="F530876FB81B853F277FBFF2EA8B9BB5" italics="true">H. elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="4971993979AC0A9CDB3B87A9F8D263B2" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+to the Red List category Vulnerable (VUB 1 abiii).
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0EGECK" type="etymology">
+<paragraph id="82531DB187719EA451DE7B8311526B12">
+<heading id="93A9FE2ACCEF2C26FA86305E0AD0074E" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="A5B490BB510F214A37B686472A047062">
+The specific name 
+<taxonomicName id="B7CA5280A04078E76998567198B28264" authorityName="Varela-Jaramillo &amp; Streicher &amp; Venegas &amp; Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elbakyanae" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="F183107F72EF5CDEE2B8877DB008C06A" italics="true">elbakyanae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="A69DED26B1BB57FB2F7ECDBB910402BD" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+is a noun in the genitive case and is a patronym for Alexandra Elbakyan. She is a computer programmer and creator of Sci-Hub, a website which provides free access to scientific articles. Sci-Hub allows scientists worldwide to access articles that, otherwise, are behind paywalls and unaffordable in low- and middle-income countries. Our research has greatly benefited from access to relevant literature using Sci-Hub through the years.
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+</treatment>
+</document>