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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.725.21006" ID-GBIF-Dataset="db2b34dd-1fc5-475f-ab91-5dbf781c1bfd" ID-PMC="PMC5769718" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-725-97" ID-PubMed="29362542" ID-ZBK="E47535C121CF417CA212F6E819080565" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-725-97" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 725" ModsDocTitle="Three new species and the molecular phylogeny of Antipathozoanthus from the Indo-Pacific Ocean (Anthozoa, Hexacorallia, Zoantharia)" checkinTime="1514573056097" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kise, Hiroki, Fujii, Takuma, Masucci, Giovanni Diego, Biondi, Piera &amp; Reimer, James Davis" docDate="2017" docId="F738228353A8193B09EC894A30582C28" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 725: 97-122" docOrigin="ZooKeys 725" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.725.21006" docTitle="Antipathozoanthus remengesaui Kise, Fujii, Masucci, Biondi &amp; Reimer, 2017, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="758A60AA-6D66-441A-8D54-2181F5ACF48D" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="105" masterDocId="FF959179FFE5A302A453C312FF99FFA7" masterDocTitle="Three new species and the molecular phylogeny of Antipathozoanthus from the Indo-Pacific Ocean (Anthozoa, Hexacorallia, Zoantharia)" masterLastPageNumber="122" masterPageNumber="97" pageNumber="102" updateTime="1668165260119" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Three new species and the molecular phylogeny of Antipathozoanthus from the Indo-Pacific Ocean (Anthozoa, Hexacorallia, Zoantharia)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Kise, Hiroki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Fujii, Takuma</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Masucci, Giovanni Diego</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Biondi, Piera</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Reimer, James Davis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number>725</mods:number>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="139458202" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:758A60AA-6D66-441A-8D54-2181F5ACF48D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F738228353A8193B09EC894A30582C28" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="5" pageNumber="102">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="102">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/758A60AA-6D66-441A-8D54-2181F5ACF48D" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Antipathozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathozoanthus remengesaui" order="Zoantharia" pageId="5" pageNumber="102" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="remengesaui">Antipathozoanthus remengesaui</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="5" pageNumber="102">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Fig. 2c
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="103" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Antipathozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathozoanthus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="103" start="start">Antipathozoanthus</pageBreakToken>
</taxonomicName>
sp. sensu
<bibRefCitation author="Reimer, JD" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="15" pageNumber="112" pagination="1 - 57" title="Shallow-water zoantharians (Cnidaria, Hexacorallia) from the Central Indo-Pacific." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.444.7537" volume="444" year="2014 a">Reimer et al. 2014a</bibRefCitation>
, 2, fig. 1d
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Antipathozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathozoanthus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Antipathozoanthus</taxonomicName>
sp. 1 sensu
<bibRefCitation author="Reimer, J D" editor="Motokawa, M" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="15" pageNumber="112" title="Springer Japan, Tokyo" url="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56432-4_14" year="2017">Reimer and Fujii 2017</bibRefCitation>
, 304, fig. 14.4c.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="104" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="103">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="103">
Holotype: NSMT-Co1603 (MISE-PALAU2), colony of approximately 70 polyps connected by poorly developed white coenenchyme on genus
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathes" order="Antipatharia" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Antipathes</taxonomicName>
antipatharian (
<taxonomicName lsidName="Hexacorallia" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" rank="subclass" subclass="Hexacorallia">Hexacorallia</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName lsidName="Hexacorallia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" rank="order">Antipatharia</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName family="Antipathidae" lsidName="" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" rank="family">Antipathidae</taxonomicName>
). Preserved polyps approximately 1.5-3.0 mm in diameter, and approximately 1.5-2.0 mm in height from coenenchyme. Collected from Blue Hole, Palau (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="7.1415">7°8'29.4&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="134.22313">134°13'23.3&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
) at a depth of 23 m by JDR, 15 September 2014.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="103">
Paratypes: RMNH.Coel.42321 (MISE-MAL84), collected from Wall Street, Maldives (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="3.120611">3°07'14.2&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="72.97958">72°58'46.5&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
) at a depth of 9 m by JDR, 7 May 2014; RUMF-ZG-4397 (MISE-MAL85), collected from Wall Street, Maldives (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="3.120611">3°07'14.2&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="72.97958">72°58'46.5&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
) at a depth of 9 m by JDR, 7 May 2014; RUMF-ZG-4398 (MISE-JDR209), collected from Yanbu, Saudi Arabia, (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="24.433332">24°26'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="37.233334">37°14'E</geoCoordinate>
) at a depth of 11 m by JDR, 4 October 2013; RUMF-ZG-4399 (MISE-TF102), collected from Okoga-shima Island, Kagoshima, Japan (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="31.566319">31°33'58.75&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="130.59222">130°35'32.01&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
) at a depth of 20 m by TF, 26 July 2011; RUMF-ZG-4400 (MISE-TF103), collected from Okoga-shima Island, Kagoshima, Japan (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="31.566319">31°33'58.75&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="130.59222">130°35'32.01&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
) at a depth of 40 m by TF, 26 July 2011.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="104" pageId="6" pageNumber="103">
Other materials examined: MISE-PALAU3, collected from Siaes Tunnel, Palau (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="7.3152223">7°18'54.8&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="134.22035">134°13'13.3&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
) at a depth of 37 m by JDR, 15 September 2014; MISE-PALAU4, collected from Blue Hole, Palau (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="7.1415">7°8'29.4&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="134.22313">134°13'23.3&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
) at a depth of 28 m by JDR, 12 September 2014; MISE-KINKO2, collected from Hakamagoshi, Sakurajima, Kagoshima, Japan (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="31.58986">31°35'23.5&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 130.35.27.8&quot;E) at a depth of 21 m by JDR, 20 September 2015; MISE-TF173, collected from Onna, Okinawa, Japan (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="26.439138">26°26'20.9&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="127.78534">127°47'7.22&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
) at depth of 15 m by TF, 27 June 2014; MISE-MAL46, collected from Coral Garden, Maldives (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="3.0900834">3°05'24.3&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="72.96792">72°58'04.5&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
) at a depth of 24 m by JDR, 6 May 2014; MISE-MAL82, collected from Wall Street, Maldives (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="3.120611">3°07'14.2&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="72.97958">72°58'46.5&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
) at a depth of 9 m by JDR, 7 May 2014; MISE-MAL83,
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="104" start="start">collected</pageBreakToken>
from Wall Street, Maldives (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="3.120611">3°07'14.2&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="72.97958">72°58'46.5&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
) at a depth of 9 m by JDR, 7 May 2014; MISE-MAL2502602, collected from Capital Reef, Maldives (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="3.0488334">3°02'55.8&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="72.88922">72°53'21.2&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
) at a depth of 19 m by Marco Oliverio, 16 May 2014; MISE-MAL145, collected from Wall Street, Maldives (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="3.120611">3°07'14.2&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="72.97958">72°58'46.5&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
) at a depth of 12 m by JDR, 10 May 2014; MISE-MAL147, collected from Wall Street, Maldives (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="3.120611">3°07'14.2&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="72.97958">72°58'46.5&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
) at a depth of 10 m by JDR, 10 May 2014; MISE-MAL261, collected from Wall Street, Maldives (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="3.120611">3°07'14.2&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="72.97958">72°58'46.5&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
) at a depth of 9 m by JDR, 17 May 2014; MISE-HK70, collected from Siaes Tunnel, Palau (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="7.3152223">7°18'54.8&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="134.22035">134°13'13.3&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
) by Hiroki Kise (HK), 12 September 2014, depth not available; MISE-HK90, collected from Blue Hole, Palau (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="7.1415">7°8'29.4&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="134.22313">134°13'23.3&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
) at a depth of 22 m by HK, 15 September 2014; MISE-JDR211, collected from Yanbu, Saudi Arabia, (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="24.433332">24°26'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="37.233334">37°14'E</geoCoordinate>
) at a depth of 12 m by JDR, 4 October 2013; MISE-JDR214, collected from Yanbu, Saudi Arabia, (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="24.433332">24°26'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="37.233334">37°14'E</geoCoordinate>
) at a depth of 12 m by JDR, 4 October 2013.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="104" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="104">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="104">
External morphology: Polyps in situ are approximately 4-8 mm in diameter, and approximately 3-8 mm in height in situ when oral disks expanded (Fig. 2). Colonial zoantharian, white or off-white polyps that may be solitary or connected by a white and poorly developed coenenchyme on
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathes" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Antipathes</taxonomicName>
substrate.
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Antipathozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathozoanthus remengesaui" order="Zoantharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="remengesaui">Antipathozoanthus remengesaui</taxonomicName>
sp. n. has approximately 40-42 tentacles that are pinkish or/and translucent. Tentacles are usually as long as open oral disk diameter. Oral disk is pink or bright brown in color, and the capitulum is also pinkish or bright brown in color when polyps are closed. Polyps encrusted with visible sand particles (1-3 mm) in their coenenchyme and ectodermal tissue. Colonies attached on axis from proximal extremity to base of
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathes" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Antipathes</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="104">
Internal morphology: Cteniform endodermal marginal muscle sensu
<bibRefCitation author="Swain, TD" journalOrPublisher="Biological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="16" pageNumber="113" url="https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-015-0406-1" year="2015">Swain et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
(Fig. 4). Azooxanthellate. The large scattered lacunae in ectoderm and mesogleal are present due to their encrustations.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="104">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="104">
Figure 4. Images of histological section of
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Antipathozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathozoanthus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Antipathozoanthus</taxonomicName>
species. a longitudinal section of
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. remengesaui" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" rank="species" species="remengesaui">A. remengesaui</taxonomicName>
sp. n. b longitudinal section of
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. cavernus" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" rank="species" species="cavernus">A. cavernus</taxonomicName>
sp. n.. Abbreviations: (CEMM) cteniform endodermal marginal muscle, (OD) oral disk, (A) actinopharynx. Scale bars: a 200
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, b 50
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="104">Cnidae: Holotrichs (large and medium), basitrichs and microbasic p-mastigophores (usually difficult to distinguish), spirocysts (Fig. 3; Table 2).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="104" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="104">Habitat and distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="104">
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Antipathozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathozoanthus remengesaui" order="Zoantharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="remengesaui">Antipathozoanthus remengesaui</taxonomicName>
sp. n. has been found on the sides and/or floors of cave entrance, and always on
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathes" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Antipathes</taxonomicName>
. Specimens were collected from depths of 9 to 40 m. This species is known from Palau, Kagoshima in Japan, the Maldives, and the Red Sea.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="104" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="104">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="104">
In the Pacific,
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Antipathozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathozoanthus remengesaui" order="Zoantharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="remengesaui">Antipathozoanthus remengesaui</taxonomicName>
sp. n. can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. hickmani" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" rank="species" species="hickmani">A. hickmani</taxonomicName>
by the development of the coenenchyme and in part by polyp size; the larger polyps (4-12 mm in diameter and 4-15 mm in height) of
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. hickmani" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" rank="species" species="hickmani">A. hickmani</taxonomicName>
are connected by a well-developed coenenchyme on
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathes galapagensis" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="galapagensis">Antipathes galapagensis</taxonomicName>
, while the slightly smaller polyps (4-8 mm in diameter and 3-8 mm in height in situ) of
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. remengesaui" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" rank="species" species="remengesaui">A. remengesaui</taxonomicName>
sp. n. are either connected by a poorly developed coenenchyme or may even be solitary on
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathes" order="Antipatharia" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Antipathes</taxonomicName>
. Additionally, the cnidomes of these species are different;
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. hickmani" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" rank="species" species="hickmani">A. hickmani</taxonomicName>
does not have spirocysts in the column, while
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. remengesaui" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" rank="species" species="remengesaui">A. remengesaui</taxonomicName>
sp. n. has spirocysts in the column.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="105" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="105">
<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="105" start="start">Remarks</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="105">
The
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Antipathozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathozoanthus remengesaui" order="Zoantharia" pageId="8" pageNumber="105" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="remengesaui">Antipathozoanthus remengesaui</taxonomicName>
sp. n. specimens found in Kagoshima, Japan have different morphological features compared to the specimens found in all other regions. Specimens collected from Kagoshima have relatively large polyps (6-8 mm in diameter, and approximately 5-8 mm in height in situ) compared to specimens from other regions. The coloration of oral disks is also different between Kagoshima and other regions;
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. remengesaui" pageId="8" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="remengesaui">A. remengesaui</taxonomicName>
sp. n. from Kagoshima has a bright brown oral disk, while those from other regions have pink oral disks. However, sequences of these specimens collected from all regions formed a monophyletic clade for all genetic markers including ITS-rDNA. In terms of substrate organisms,
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. remengesaui" pageId="8" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="remengesaui">A. remengesaui</taxonomicName>
sp. n. collected from all regions in this study was associated with black corals of the genus
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathes" order="Antipatharia" pageId="8" pageNumber="105" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Antipathes</taxonomicName>
. Here, we have described this group as a single species,
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. remengesaui" pageId="8" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="remengesaui">A. remengesaui</taxonomicName>
sp. n., based on phylogeny and substrate specificity, although we have excluded some specimens for which we could not amplify ITS-rDNA successfully from the type series.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="105" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="105">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="105">
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Antipathozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathozoanthus remengesaui" order="Zoantharia" pageId="8" pageNumber="105" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="remengesaui">Antipathozoanthus remengesaui</taxonomicName>
sp. n. is named after Tommy Esang Remengesau, Jr., the current president of the Republic of Palau, who has greatly contributed to marine research and conservation in Palau.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="105">Common name. Momoiro-mame-tsuno-sunaginchaku (new Japanese name).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
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<mods:namePart>Nastasi, Louis F.</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName LSID="F7386081-A727-5C21-BACA-BD03A86E7296" authority="Ashmead, 1885" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1885" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synergus medullae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="68558" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medullae">Synergus medullae Ashmead, 1885</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="68558">Ecological interactions</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="68558" type="feeds on">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="68558">Feeds on</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="68558">
Inquiline of: galls of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pujade-Villar &amp; Melika" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Zapatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zapatella quercusmedullae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="68558" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercusmedullae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="68558">Zapatella quercusmedullae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Ashmead, 1885) on
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="68558">Quercus incana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Bartram (=
<taxonomicName lsidName="Q. cinerea" pageId="0" pageNumber="68558" rank="species" species="cinerea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="68558">Q. cinerea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Raf.),
<taxonomicName lsidName="Q. marilandica" pageId="0" pageNumber="68558" rank="species" species="marilandica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="68558">Q. marilandica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.)
<normalizedToken originalValue="Münchn">Muenchn</normalizedToken>
. and
<taxonomicName lsidName="Q. myrtifolia" pageId="0" pageNumber="68558" rank="species" species="myrtifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="68558">Q. myrtifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Willd.
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="68558">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="68558">United States: Florida</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
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<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600A9C254084FB9F7E62EA3A" bold="true" box="[151,534,1071,1097]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D0B600A9C254084FB9F7DB8EA3A" ID-CoL="56BKL" box="[151,460,1071,1097]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Thendelecrotona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600A9C254084FB9F7DB8EA3A" bold="true" box="[151,460,1071,1097]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Thendelecrotona natalica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657E1600A9C2541C7FB9F7E62EA3A" box="[468,534,1071,1097]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600A9C254084FBE27D63EA1F" blockId="5.[151,534,1071,1132]" box="[151,279,1106,1132]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A0D600A9C25408CFBE27D7AEA1F" box="[159,270,1106,1132]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURES 2 6" captionStart-2="FIGURES 7 8" captionStart-3="FIGURE 9" captionStartId-0="1.[151,255,1832,1856]" captionStartId-1="2.[151,269,1956,1980]" captionStartId-2="3.[151,269,1502,1526]" captionStartId-3="4.[151,255,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox-0="[453,1118,195,1794]" captionTargetBox-1="[185,1408,204,1925]" captionTargetBox-2="[159,1413,190,1473]" captionTargetBox-3="[155,1431,474,1326]" captionTargetId-0="figure@1.[431,1155,169,1806]" captionTargetId-1="figure@2.[169,1418,194,1933]" captionTargetId-2="figure@3.[151,1436,160,1478]" captionTargetId-3="figure@4.[155,1432,474,1326]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionTargetPageId-2="3" captionTargetPageId-3="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Habitus of Thendelecrotona natalica gen. &amp; sp. n. Scale bar 0.5 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 2 6. Mouthparts of Thendelecrotona natalica gen. &amp; sp. n. 2 — right maxilla, 3 — labium, 4 — right mandible, 5 — labrum, 6 — mentum. Scale bars 0.1 mm." captionText-2="FIGURES 7 8. Genitalia of Thendelecrotona natalica gen. &amp; sp. n. 7 — median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view, 8 — spermatheca. Scale bar 0.1 mm." captionText-3="FIGURE 9. Type locality of Thendelecrotona natalica gen. &amp; sp. n." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/177569/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/177570/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/177571/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/177572/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Figs. 19</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6503600A9C254084FB127E2BEB7F" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600A9C254084FB127E2BEB7F" blockId="5.[151,1437,1186,2012]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600A9C254084FB127D24EACF" bold="true" box="[151,336,1186,1212]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
<typeStatus id="A02A882A600A9C254084FB127CA6EACF" box="[151,210,1186,1212]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="A02A882A600A9C254173FB127DA6EACF" box="[352,466,1186,1212]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: ɗ:
<collectingCountry id="07867618600A9C254218FB127F33EACF" box="[523,839,1186,1212]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Republic of South Africa</collectingCountry>
, Royal
<collectingCountry id="07867618600A9C2543BFFB127F9FEACF" box="[940,1003,1186,1212]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Natal</collectingCountry>
National Park, Thendele,
<quantity id="B8699B6D600A9C254525FB1279ECEACF" box="[1334,1432,1186,1212]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" unit="m" value="1550.0">1550 m</quantity>
,
<date id="0B2F1048600A9C254084FB7A7D5DEA97" box="[151,297,1226,1252]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" value="2004-12-10">10.XII.2004</date>
, leg. G. Paśnik (
<collectionCode id="1980AE4D600A9C2541EFFB7A7E20EA97" box="[508,596,1226,1252]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/s8gp-ktsi" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">TMSA</collectionCode>
).
<typeStatus id="A02A882A600A9C25427FFB7A7E96EA97" box="[620,738,1226,1252]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: 8ɗɗand 11ΨΨ: same data as
<typeStatus id="A02A882A600A9C254473FB7A78B2EA97" box="[1120,1222,1226,1252]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="1980AE4D600A9C2544C8FB7A7956EA97" box="[1243,1314,1226,1252]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">ISEA</collectionCode>
); 8ɗɗand 11ΨΨ: same data as
<typeStatus id="A02A882A600A9C254197FB427D9FEB7F" box="[388,491,1266,1292]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="1980AE4D600A9C2541E8FB427E27EB7F" box="[507,595,1266,1292]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/s8gp-ktsi" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">TMSA</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6503600A9C2640D5FAAA7EB3EF09" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600A9C2540D5FAAA7F2BEB2F" blockId="5.[151,1437,1186,2012]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600A9C2540D5FAAA7D2BEB47" bold="true" box="[198,351,1306,1332]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Description.</emphasis>
Body. Length 2.22.4 mm, convex, moderately glossy; body colour black, legs brown with yellow tarsi, antennae brown with antennomeres 13 yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600A9C2540D5FADA78B7E83F" blockId="5.[151,1437,1186,2012]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Head circular in outline, convex, widest across eyes; eyes large, strongly protruding from lateral contours of head, seen from above longer than postocular region; temples gradually arcuately narrowed to neck, surface of head with obsolete transversely stretched microsculpture; puncturation fine and very dense, interstices between punctures equal to their diameter, pubescence short and dense, directed mediad. Antennae short, strongly increasing in width apically, antennomere 3 shorter than 2, antennomere 4 as long as wide, antennomeres 510 transverse, increasing in width, antennomere 10 about 2 times wider than long.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600A9C2540D5F9EA7E0FE89F" blockId="5.[151,1437,1186,2012]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Pronotum transverse, 1.351.45 times wider than long, convex, widest at middle, lateral sides arcuate, more strongly narrowed to apex than to base; before base without transverse impression, surface lacking microsculpture; puncturation fine and very dense; interstices between punctures equal to their diameter; pubescence at midline directed posteriad.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600A9C2540D5F94A7F90E94F" blockId="5.[151,1437,1186,2012]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Elytra transverse, slightly wider than pronotum, lateral sides straight, at suture as long as pronotal length at midline; surface without microsculpture; puncturation fine and dense.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600A9C2540D5F8FA7D7EE9AF" blockId="5.[151,1437,1186,2012]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Abdomen acuminate, bases of tergites IIIIV each with shallow transverse impression, impressions smooth, impunctuate, tergal puncturation fine and very dense, interstices between punctures subequal to their diameter, surface of tergites lacking microsculpture, pubescence relatively short and dense, directed straight posteriad.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E368860099C2640D5FF287EBCEEC1" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,378]" box="[198,712,152,178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">
Male. Median lobe of aedeagus as in
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A0D60099C264268FF287EB7EEC1" box="[635,707,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 8" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[159,1413,190,1473]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,160,1478]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 7 8. Genitalia of Thendelecrotona natalica gen. &amp; sp. n. 7 — median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view, 8 — spermatheca. Scale bar 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177571/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E368860099C2640D5FF707E27EEA9" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,378]" box="[198,595,192,218]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">
Female. Spermatheca as in
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A0D60099C264214FF707E3AEEA9" box="[519,590,192,218]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 8" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[159,1413,190,1473]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,160,1478]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 7 8. Genitalia of Thendelecrotona natalica gen. &amp; sp. n. 7 — median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view, 8 — spermatheca. Scale bar 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177571/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E368860099C2640D5FF577EB3EF09" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,378]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A60099C2640D5FF577D24EF72" bold="true" box="[198,336,231,257]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Bionomics.</emphasis>
All
<typeStatus id="A02A882A60099C26419AFF587DB3EF71" box="[393,455,232,258]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">types</typeStatus>
were collected in the Royal
<collectingCountry id="0786761860099C264337FF587F17EF71" box="[804,867,232,258]" name="South Africa" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Natal</collectingCountry>
National Park in
<collectingCountry id="0786761860099C264428FF5878A0EF71" box="[1083,1236,232,258]" name="South Africa" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">South Africa</collectingCountry>
at an altitude of approximately
<quantity id="B8699B6D60099C26415FFEA07DDEEF59" box="[332,426,272,298]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="1550.0">1550 m</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A0D60099C2641ADFEA07E7FEF59" box="[446,523,272,298]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,474,1326]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[155,1432,474,1326]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 9. Type locality of Thendelecrotona natalica gen. &amp; sp. n." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177572/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). The specimens were collected from flowers of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D0B60099C26447FFEA078CFEF5A" box="[1132,1211,272,297]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Proteaceae" genus="Protea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Proteales" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A60099C26447FFEA078CFEF5A" box="[1132,1211,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Protea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., together with numerous other species of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D0B60099C2641C0FE887E0CEF21" box="[467,632,312,338]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Staphylinidae</taxonomicName>
. The beetles were observed in the flowers every day in the morning. Presumably, the beetles were feeding on pollen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,256 @@
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<mods:title id="972C2AA7B400317BB46386496FD80D45">A new genus and species of the aleocharine tribe Thamiaraeini (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) from South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1036193B86D984D249AFBC033A712320">Nik, Grzegorz Pa Ś</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="D45D1FB9BF93C47E5E9700D22D730B3F">2007</mods:date>
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<treatment id="F738879E600F9C254084F9D57E7FEDA1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6240759" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119369052" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6240759" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F738879E600F9C254084F9D57E7FEDA1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F738879E600F9C254084F9D57E7FEDA1" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">
<subSubSection id="378B6503600F9C204084F9D57D63E8D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="31" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600F9C204084F9D57DCAE80C" blockId="0.[151,446,1637,1698]" box="[151,446,1637,1663]" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">
<heading id="246681E4600F9C204084F9D57DCAE80C" bold="true" box="[151,446,1637,1663]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="31" reason="1">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600F9C204084F9D57DCAE80C" bold="true" box="[151,446,1637,1663]" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D0B600F9C204084F9D57D10E80C" ID-CoL="8X7WW" box="[151,356,1637,1663]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Thendelecrotona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600F9C204084F9D57D10E80C" bold="true" box="[151,356,1637,1663]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">Thendelecrotona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657E1600F9C204178F9D57DCAE80C" box="[363,446,1637,1663]" pageId="0" pageNumber="31" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600F9C204084F9387D63E8D1" blockId="0.[151,446,1637,1698]" box="[151,279,1672,1698]" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A0D600F9C20408CF9387D7AE8D1" box="[159,270,1672,1698]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURES 2 6" captionStartId-0="1.[151,255,1832,1856]" captionStartId-1="2.[151,269,1956,1980]" captionTargetBox-0="[453,1118,195,1794]" captionTargetBox-1="[185,1408,204,1925]" captionTargetId-0="figure@1.[431,1155,169,1806]" captionTargetId-1="figure@2.[169,1418,194,1933]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Habitus of Thendelecrotona natalica gen. &amp; sp. n. Scale bar 0.5 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 2 6. Mouthparts of Thendelecrotona natalica gen. &amp; sp. n. 2 — right maxilla, 3 — labium, 4 — right mandible, 5 — labrum, 6 — mentum. Scale bars 0.1 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/177569/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/177570/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">Figs. 16</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6503600F9C204084F9677EC2E881" box="[151,694,1751,1778]" pageId="0" pageNumber="31" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600F9C204084F9677EC2E881" blockId="0.[151,1436,1751,2018]" box="[151,694,1751,1778]" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600F9C204084F9677D4FE882" bold="true" box="[151,315,1751,1777]" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">
<typeStatus id="A02A882A600F9C204084F9677CA0E882" box="[151,212,1751,1777]" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">Type</typeStatus>
species:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D0B600F9C204150F9687E1BE882" box="[323,623,1752,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Thendelecrotona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600F9C204150F9687E1BE882" box="[323,623,1752,1777]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">Thendelecrotona natalica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657E1600F9C204264F9687EC2E881" box="[631,694,1752,1778]" pageId="0" pageNumber="31" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6503600F9C2040D5F94F7F76E9C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="31" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600F9C2040D5F94F7F76E9C9" blockId="0.[151,1436,1751,2018]" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600F9C2040D5F94F7D32E96A" bold="true" box="[198,326,1791,1817]" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D0B600F9C20415CF8B07E60E96A" box="[335,532,1792,1817]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Thendelecrotona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600F9C20415CF8B07E60E96A" box="[335,532,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">Thendelecrotona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be recognized by the combination of the following characters: the head with infraorbital ridge, the maxillary palpus with 4 articles and a moderately defined apical pseudosegment, the labial palpi 2-jointed, the ligula entire (not divided into lobes), the mentum with produced anterior angles, the pronotal hypomera not visible in lateral view, the mesocoxae narrowly separated, the elytral postero-lateral angles strongly sinuate, the tarsal formula 4-5-5.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6503600F9C2540D5F87779F0EDF1" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="0" pageNumber="31" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600F9C2040D5F87778C0E991" blockId="0.[151,1436,1751,2018]" box="[198,1204,1991,2018]" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600F9C2040D5F8777D2AE992" bold="true" box="[198,350,1991,2017]" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">Description.</emphasis>
Body length 2.22.4 mm, broad, convex and moderately glossy (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A0D600F9C20444EF87878D6E991" box="[1117,1186,1992,2018]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,255,1832,1856]" captionTargetBox="[453,1118,195,1794]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[431,1155,169,1806]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Habitus of Thendelecrotona natalica gen. &amp; sp. n. Scale bar 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177569/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="31">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="2BEE6600600E9C214084F8987870E933" box="[151,1028,1832,1856]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177569/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" targetBox="[453,1118,195,1794]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600E9C214084F8987870E933" blockId="1.[151,1028,1832,1856]" box="[151,1028,1832,1856]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600E9C214084F8987D6DE933" bold="true" box="[151,281,1832,1856]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Habitus of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D0B600E9C214185F8997EDCE933" box="[406,680,1833,1856]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Thendelecrotona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalica">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600E9C214185F8997EDCE933" box="[406,680,1833,1856]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Thendelecrotona natalica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600E9C2142BDF8987EA9E933" bold="true" box="[686,733,1832,1856]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">gen.</emphasis>
&amp;
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600E9C2142ECF8987F4FE933" bold="true" box="[767,827,1832,1856]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">sp. n.</emphasis>
Scale bar 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600E9C2140D5F8C37F77E9AE" blockId="1.[151,1436,1907,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Head. Circular in outline, temples arcuately narrowed to hind angles; eyes weakly protruding from lateral contours of head; head with infraorbital ridge complete to maxillary insertion. Antennae short, clearly increasing in width apically, extending to base of pronotum.</paragraph>
<caption id="2BEE6600600D9C224084F8147E05E9AD" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177570/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" targetBox="[185,1408,204,1925]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600D9C224084F8147E05E9AD" blockId="2.[151,1436,1956,2014]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600D9C224084F8147D37E9CF" bold="true" box="[151,323,1956,1980]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">FIGURES 26.</emphasis>
Mouthparts of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D0B600D9C2241FBF8157E8EE9CF" box="[488,762,1957,1980]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Thendelecrotona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalica">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600D9C2241FBF8157E8EE9CF" box="[488,762,1957,1980]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Thendelecrotona natalica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600D9C224313F8147F5BE9CF" bold="true" box="[768,815,1956,1980]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">gen.</emphasis>
&amp;
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600D9C224342F8147FF8E9CF" bold="true" box="[849,908,1956,1980]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">sp. n.</emphasis>
2—right maxilla, 3—labium, 4—right mandible, 5—labrum, 6—mentum. Scale bars 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6600600C9C234084FA6E7D9FE86B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177571/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" targetBox="[159,1413,190,1473]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600C9C234084FA6E7D9FE86B" blockId="3.[151,1436,1502,1560]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600C9C234084FA6E7D30EB85" bold="true" box="[151,324,1502,1526]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">FIGURES 78.</emphasis>
Genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D0B600C9C2341C5FA6E7E9DEB86" box="[470,745,1502,1525]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Thendelecrotona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalica">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600C9C2341C5FA6E7E9DEB86" box="[470,745,1502,1525]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Thendelecrotona natalica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600C9C2342E1FA6E7F54EB85" bold="true" box="[754,800,1502,1526]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">gen.</emphasis>
&amp;
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600C9C234355FA6E7FF7EB85" bold="true" box="[838,899,1502,1526]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">sp. n.</emphasis>
7—median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view, 8— spermatheca. Scale bar 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600C9C2440D5F9C37FCEEFD1" blockId="3.[151,1437,1651,2037]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,152,418]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
Mouthparts. Maxilla (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A0D600C9C2341D8F9C37E66E8FE" box="[459,530,1651,1677]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 6" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1956,1980]" captionTargetBox="[185,1408,204,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[169,1418,194,1933]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2 6. Mouthparts of Thendelecrotona natalica gen. &amp; sp. n. 2 — right maxilla, 3 — labium, 4 — right mandible, 5 — labrum, 6 — mentum. Scale bars 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177570/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) with lacinia longer than galea; galea narrow, rounded apically, subequal in width to lacinia; apex of galea with membranous lobe in apical 1/3; apical and outer margin of lobe covered with several long setae, inner and middle areas of lobe with two longitudinal rows of dense setae (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A0D600C9C234551F97379F9E8AE" box="[1346,1421,1731,1757]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 6" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1956,1980]" captionTargetBox="[185,1408,204,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[169,1418,194,1933]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2 6. Mouthparts of Thendelecrotona natalica gen. &amp; sp. n. 2 — right maxilla, 3 — labium, 4 — right mandible, 5 — labrum, 6 — mentum. Scale bars 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177570/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
); inner margin of lacinia with spines and long setae; maxillary palpus with 4 articles and a moderately defined apical pseudosegment, article 1 very short, article 2 elongate, slightly widened apically, article 3 distinctly widened apically, longer than article 2, article 4 relatively long, about ½ length of article 3, article 4 with pseudosegment. Labrum (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A0D600C9C23418BF8D37D95E90E" box="[408,481,1891,1917]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 6" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1956,1980]" captionTargetBox="[185,1408,204,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[169,1418,194,1933]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2 6. Mouthparts of Thendelecrotona natalica gen. &amp; sp. n. 2 — right maxilla, 3 — labium, 4 — right mandible, 5 — labrum, 6 — mentum. Scale bars 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177570/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
) transverse, widely emarginate apically and with characteristic arrangement of setae. Labium (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A0D600C9C23415CF83B7DE3E9D6" box="[335,407,1931,1957]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 6" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1956,1980]" captionTargetBox="[185,1408,204,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[169,1418,194,1933]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2 6. Mouthparts of Thendelecrotona natalica gen. &amp; sp. n. 2 — right maxilla, 3 — labium, 4 — right mandible, 5 — labrum, 6 — mentum. Scale bars 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177570/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
) with ligula relatively short and broad, about ¾ length of labial palpomere 1; apex of ligula with several pseudopores; prementum with two moderately long medial setae situated one behind the other, insertions of setae almost adjacent; median pseudopore field narrow and more or less linear, lateral pore field with a single setose pore and two asetose pores; labial palpi 2-jointed, article 1 elongate, narrowed towards apex, with 6 long setae, article 2 slightly shorter than article 1, distinctly widened apically; apex with several very short spinules and numerous pseudopores. Mentum strongly transverse (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A0D600B9C24449FFF5878A1EF71" box="[1164,1237,232,258]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 6" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1956,1980]" captionTargetBox="[185,1408,204,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[169,1418,194,1933]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2 6. Mouthparts of Thendelecrotona natalica gen. &amp; sp. n. 2 — right maxilla, 3 — labium, 4 — right mandible, 5 — labrum, 6 — mentum. Scale bars 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177570/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
), widest at base, apical margin deeply concave, anterior angles strongly produced, 8 long setae on each side present. Mandibles curved towards apex, right mandible (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A0D600B9C244245FE887EE9EF21" box="[598,669,312,338]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 6" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1956,1980]" captionTargetBox="[185,1408,204,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[169,1418,194,1933]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2 6. Mouthparts of Thendelecrotona natalica gen. &amp; sp. n. 2 — right maxilla, 3 — labium, 4 — right mandible, 5 — labrum, 6 — mentum. Scale bars 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177570/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
) with large median tooth at middle of inner margin, strongly serrate in dorsal molar region, “velvety patch” area large, wider than half of mandibular base, composed of combination of anterior row of teeth and basal area of very fine spinules.
</paragraph>
<caption id="2BEE6600600B9C244084FAF67F00EB2D" box="[151,884,1350,1374]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177572/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" targetBox="[155,1431,474,1326]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600B9C244084FAF67F00EB2D" blockId="4.[151,884,1350,1374]" box="[151,884,1350,1374]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600B9C244084FAF67D6DEB2D" bold="true" box="[151,281,1350,1374]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
Type locality of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D0B600B9C2441DCFAF77E94EB2D" box="[463,736,1351,1374]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Thendelecrotona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalica">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600B9C2441DCFAF77E94EB2D" box="[463,736,1351,1374]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Thendelecrotona natalica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600B9C2442F4FAF67F62EB2D" bold="true" box="[743,790,1350,1374]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">gen.</emphasis>
&amp; sp. n.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600B9C2440D5FA0A7D7FE8B7" blockId="4.[151,1436,1466,1972]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">
Thorax. Pronotum transverse, strongly convex, moderately glossy, widest in the middle, lateral sides arcuate, more strongly narrowed to apex than to base. Hypomera not visible in lateral view. Mesocoxae narrowly separated. Mesoventral process, often referred to as “mesosternal” (see
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B79600B9C2443F0F9BA781AE857" author="Baehr" box="[995,1134,1546,1572]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" refString="Baehr, M. (1975) Skelett und Muskulatur des Thorax von Priacma serrata Leconte (Coleoptera, Cupedidae). Zeitschrift fur Morphologie der Tiere, 81, 55 - 101." type="journal article" year="1975">Baehr 1975</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B79600B9C244468F9BA7979E857" author="Beutel" box="[1147,1293,1546,1572]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" refString="Beutel, R. (1986) Skelet und Muskulatur des Kopfes und Thorax von Hygrobia tarda (Herbst). Ein Beitrag zur Klarung der phylogenetischen Beziehungen der Hydradephaga (Insecta: Coleoptera). Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde (A), 388, 1 - 54." type="journal article" year="1986">Beutel 1986</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B79600B9C244509F9BA7CA0E83F" author="Belkaceme" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" refString="Belkaceme, T. (1991) Skelet und Muskulatur des Kopfes und Thorax von Noterus laevis Sturm. Ein Beitrag zur Morphologie und Phylogenie der Noteridae (Coleoptera: Adephaga). Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde (A), 462, 1 - 94." type="journal article" year="1991">Belkaceme 1991</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B79600B9C2440F3F9827DEDE83F" author="Lawrence" box="[224,409,1586,1612]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" refString="Lawrence, J. F. (1999) The Australian Ommatidae (Coleoptera: Archostemata): new species, larva and discussion of relationships. Invertebrate Taxonomy, 13, 369 - 390." type="journal article" year="1999">Lawrence 1999</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B79600B9C2441B6F9827EECE83F" author="Beutel" box="[421,664,1586,1612]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" refString="Beutel, R. G. &amp; Haas, F. (2000) Phylogenetic relationships of the suborders of Coleoptera (Insecta). Cladistics, 16, 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="2000">Beutel &amp; Haas 2000</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B79600B9C2442B0F9827FBAE83F" author="Beutel" box="[675,974,1586,1612]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" refString="Beutel, R. G. &amp; Lawrence, J. F. (2005) 4. Coleoptera, Morphology. In: Beutel, G. R. &amp; Leschen, R. A. B. Handbook of Zoology. A Natural History of the Phyla of the Animal Kingdom. Coleoptera, Beetles. Volume 1: Morphology and Systematics (Archostemata, Adephaga, Myxophaga, Polyphaga partim). Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, pp. 23 - 27." type="book chapter" year="2005">Beutel &amp; Lawrence 2005</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B79600B9C2443C9F9827888E83F" author="Friedrich" box="[986,1276,1586,1612]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" refString="Friedrich, F. &amp; Beutel R. G. (2006) The pterothoracic skeletomuscular system of Scirtoidea (Coleoptera: Polyphaga) and its implications for the high-level phylogeny of beetles. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 44 (4), 290 - 315." type="journal article" year="2006">Friedrich &amp; Beutel 2006</bibRefCitation>
) triangular in outline, pointed at apex, extending to about 2/3 of mesocoxae; metaventral process very short, triangular in outline, broadly rounded at apex, extending to 1/3 of mesocoxae. Mesocoxal cavities margined posteriorly by fine bead.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600B9C2440D5F962796FE89F" blockId="4.[151,1436,1466,1972]" box="[198,1307,1746,1772]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Elytra. Transverse, lateral sides straight, widest at base, postero-lateral angles strongly sinuate.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600B9C2440D5F94A7FBBE94F" blockId="4.[151,1436,1466,1972]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Abdomen. Acuminate, widest at base, tergites IIIIV weakly and shallowly transversely impressed at base, impressions smooth, impunctate, sternites not impressed at base.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600B9C2440D5F8FA787DE9C7" blockId="4.[151,1436,1466,1972]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Legs elongate, metatarsus long, approximately 3/4 the length of metatibia; basal article of metatarsus long, subequal in length to articles 2 and 3 combined, articles 24 relatively short, subequal in length, article 5 elongate, subequal in length to articles 34 combined; tarsal formula 4-5-5.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600A9C2540D5FF277DB9EFD1" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600A9C2540D5FF277D92EEC2" bold="true" box="[198,486,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Comparative remarks.</emphasis>
Based on the tarsal formula (4-5-5) and the number of segments of the labial palpi,
<taxonomicName id="B8914D0B600A9C2540F0FF707DDCEEAA" box="[227,424,192,217]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Thendelecrotona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600A9C2540F0FF707DDCEEAA" box="[227,424,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Thendelecrotona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is assigned to the tribe Thamiaraeini
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B79600A9C254364FF70786DEEA9" author="Fenyes" box="[887,1049,192,218]" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" refString="Fenyes, A. (1921) New genera and species of Aleocharinae with polytomic synopsis of the tribes. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 65, 17 - 36." type="journal article" year="1921">Fenyes, 1921</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="B8914D0B600A9C25443BFF707899EEAA" box="[1064,1261,192,217]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Thendelecrotona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600A9C25443BFF707899EEAA" box="[1064,1261,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Thendelecrotona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from the other genera of that tribe by the combination of the following characters: the 4-jointed maxillary palpi with distinct apical pseudosegment (present also in
<taxonomicName id="B8914D0B600A9C254384FEA07857EF5A" box="[919,1059,272,297]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Oxypodinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600A9C254384FEA07857EF5A" box="[919,1059,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Oxypodinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A0D600A9C254426FEA078F4EF59" box="[1077,1152,272,298]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 6" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1956,1980]" captionTargetBox="[185,1408,204,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[169,1418,194,1933]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2 6. Mouthparts of Thendelecrotona natalica gen. &amp; sp. n. 2 — right maxilla, 3 — labium, 4 — right mandible, 5 — labrum, 6 — mentum. Scale bars 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177570/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
), the apical lobe of the galea with two parallel to each other, longitudinal rows of long setae (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A0D600A9C2543DEFE887861EF21" box="[973,1045,312,338]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 6" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1956,1980]" captionTargetBox="[185,1408,204,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[169,1418,194,1933]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2 6. Mouthparts of Thendelecrotona natalica gen. &amp; sp. n. 2 — right maxilla, 3 — labium, 4 — right mandible, 5 — labrum, 6 — mentum. Scale bars 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177570/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
), and by the mandibles with well defined “velvety patch” area, which is composed of combination of anterior row of teeth and basal area of very fine spinules (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A0D600A9C254164FE387DB4EFD1" box="[375,448,392,418]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 6" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1956,1980]" captionTargetBox="[185,1408,204,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[169,1418,194,1933]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 2 6. Mouthparts of Thendelecrotona natalica gen. &amp; sp. n. 2 — right maxilla, 3 — labium, 4 — right mandible, 5 — labrum, 6 — mentum. Scale bars 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177570/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600A9C2540D4FE007F14EC31" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
The new genus most closely resembles species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="B8914D0B600A9C25438CFE007975EFB9" authority="Cameron, 1920" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1920" box="[927,1281,432,458]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimacrotona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600A9C25438CFE00784AEFBA" box="[927,1086,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Mimacrotona</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B79600A9C254454FE007975EFB9" author="Cameron" box="[1095,1281,432,458]" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" refString="Cameron, M. (1920) New species of Staphylinidae from Singapore. Part III. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1920, 212 - 284." type="journal article" year="1920">
<collectingCountry id="07867618600A9C254454FE0078C2EFB9" box="[1095,1206,432,458]" name="Cameroon" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Cameron</collectingCountry>
, 1920
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, but, besides the characters mentioned above, is distinguished by the tergites III and IV transversely impressed at base (only tergite III is impressed in
<taxonomicName id="B8914D0B600A9C254216FDB07ED7EC6A" box="[517,675,512,537]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimacrotona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600A9C254216FDB07ED7EC6A" box="[517,675,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Mimacrotona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the entire ligula (divided to the middle in
<taxonomicName id="B8914D0B600A9C25448CFDB07949EC6A" box="[1183,1341,512,537]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimacrotona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600A9C25448CFDB07949EC6A" box="[1183,1341,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Mimacrotona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and by the medial setae of prementum situated one behind the other.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600A9C2540D4FDE079F0EDF1" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
Among other genera with transverse pronotum and entire ligula, the new genus most closely resembles
<taxonomicName id="B8914D0B600A9C254084FDC87C9BECE2" box="[151,239,632,657]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Peliusa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600A9C254084FDC87C9BECE2" box="[151,239,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Peliusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B8914D0B600A9C2540EEFDC87DFBECE2" box="[253,399,632,657]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Tyloplatyola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600A9C2540EEFDC87DFBECE2" box="[253,399,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Tyloplatyola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="B8914D0B600A9C2541DAFDC87E21ECE2" box="[457,597,632,657]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Oxypodinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600A9C2541DAFDC87E21ECE2" box="[457,597,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Oxypodinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but is distinguished from them by the medial setae of prementum situated one behind the other. Additionally,
<taxonomicName id="B8914D0B600A9C25427AFD107E8FECCA" box="[617,763,672,697]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Tyloplatyola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600A9C25427AFD107E8FECCA" box="[617,763,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Tyloplatyola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="B8914D0B600A9C254387FD10782DECCA" box="[916,1113,672,697]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Thendelecrotona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600A9C254387FD10782DECCA" box="[916,1113,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Thendelecrotona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the mentum with lateroanterior angles not produced, the article 2 of labial palpi not widened apically and the very elongate article 1 of labial palpi.
<taxonomicName id="B8914D0B600A9C25415BFD407DA0ED7A" box="[328,468,752,777]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Oxypodinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600A9C25415BFD407DA0ED7A" box="[328,468,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Oxypodinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished by the very long and not widened apically article 2 of labial palpi, the quadrate mentum and by the parallel-sided ligula. The members of the genus
<taxonomicName id="B8914D0B600A9C254445FCA878DAED42" box="[1110,1198,792,817]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Peliusa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600A9C254445FCA878DAED42" box="[1110,1198,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Peliusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differ from the new genus in the build of the labium (short first article of the labial palpi, weakly dilated apically article 2, wide median pseudopore field), the less transverse pronotum and by the elytral postero-lateral angles not sinuate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6503600A9C2540D4FC3F7E7FEDA1" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="7F2E3688600A9C2540D4FC3F7E7FEDA1" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600A9C2540D4FC3F7D20EDDA" bold="true" box="[199,340,911,937]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Etymology.</emphasis>
The name (gender: feminine) is composed of the word
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600A9C2543F8FC207822EDDA" box="[1003,1110,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Thendele</emphasis>
(refers to the
<typeStatus id="A02A882A600A9C2544ECFC207946EDD9" box="[1279,1330,912,938]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">type</typeStatus>
locality) and the generic name
<taxonomicName id="B8914D0B600A9C25418BFC087E70EDA2" box="[408,516,952,977]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Acrotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EA9A600A9C25418BFC087E70EDA2" box="[408,516,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Acrotona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="C5880E80C5C2E9E88600955BC9A355BB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="FF77C124E9063B8ED94294753BF922DC">
<mods:date id="40556798ED41809017BF1ECDE62E192C">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="43DEC3E8B8C1DEEDDEF4044FA187F0A9">4920</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="1D2E0D4181CB69A99A9E96831284354C">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="54E5D4E802631348D66D1D570B73148B" type="CLB-Dataset">8507</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="88687CC9CD56AC11FD08C0C9A709612D" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4920.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DDACD998CA9542B89CCD27C8AD6A73DC" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="F73887DCE900964643F7FD55FDB9AB44" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471582" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177207268" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471582" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE900964643F7FD55FDB9AB44" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F73887DCE900964643F7FD55FDB9AB44" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<subSubSection id="378B6541E900964143F7FD55FD6DAAAA" box="[151,658,690,717]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE900964143F7FD55FD6DAAAA" blockId="35.[151,658,690,753]" box="[151,658,690,717]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<heading id="246681A6E900964143F7FD55FD6DAAAA" bold="true" box="[151,658,690,717]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E900964143F7FD55FD6DAAAA" ID-CoL="92R47" authority="Chickering, 1960" authorityName="Chickering" authorityYear="1960" box="[151,658,690,717]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remotus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E900964143F7FD55FD6DAAAA" bold="true" box="[151,658,690,717]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E900964143F7FD55FE4AAAAB" bold="true" box="[151,437,690,717]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Acanthoctenus remotus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE900964142DDFD55FD6DAAAA" author="Chickering, A. M." box="[445,658,690,716]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="81 - 86" refId="ref18761" refString="Chickering, A. M. (1960) A new Acanthoctenus (Araneae: Acanthoctenidae) from Jamaica, W. I. Psyche, 67, 81 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.1155 / 1960 / 26951" type="journal article" year="1960">Chickering, 1960</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E900964143F7FD30FED6AA97" box="[151,297,727,753]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE900964143F7FD30FED6AA97" blockId="35.[151,658,690,753]" box="[151,297,727,753]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE900964143F7FD30FEFDAA97" box="[151,258,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Figs 10A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9009641426DFD30FED6AA97" box="[269,297,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[162,1422,783,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-202@35.[151,1435,777,1881]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 34. Acanthoctenus remotus Chickering, 1960, copulatory organs.AB, male palp (holotype, MCZ 22882); A, ventral; B, retrolateral; CD, female genitalia (paratype, MCZ 22882); C, epigynum, ventral. D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471528/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">34</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="2BEE6642E900964143F7F896FAEBAFCB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471528" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471528/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" startId="35.[151,250,1905,1929]" targetBox="[162,1422,783,1873]" targetPageId="35">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE900964143F7F896FAEBAFCB" blockId="35.[151,1436,1905,1965]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E900964143F7F896FEE0AFEF" bold="true" box="[151,287,1905,1929]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">FIGURE 34.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90096414245F896FD38AFEF" authority="Chickering, 1960" authorityName="Chickering" authorityYear="1960" box="[293,711,1905,1929]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remotus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90096414245F896FDEFAFEF" box="[293,528,1905,1929]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Acanthoctenus remotus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE90096414176F896FD38AFEF" author="Chickering, A. M." box="[534,711,1905,1929]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="81 - 86" refId="ref18761" refString="Chickering, A. M. (1960) A new Acanthoctenus (Araneae: Acanthoctenidae) from Jamaica, W. I. Psyche, 67, 81 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.1155 / 1960 / 26951" type="journal article" year="1960">Chickering, 1960</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, copulatory organs. AB, male palp (holotype, MCZ 22882); A, ventral; B, retrolateral; CD, female genitalia (paratype, MCZ 22882); C, epigynum, ventral. D, internal genitalia, dorsal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E907964643F7FF70FBD1A94F" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE907964643F7FF70FBD1A94F" blockId="36.[151,1436,151,297]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5F8111E4E907964643F7FF70FBD1A94F" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE907964643F7FF70FD8AA8C9" author="Chickering, A. M." box="[151,629,151,175]" page="81" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1960">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E907964643F7FF70FD8AA8C9" ID-CoL="92R47" authority="Chickering, 1960: 81" authorityName="Chickering" authorityPageNumber="81" authorityYear="1960" box="[151,629,151,175]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remotus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E907964643F7FF70FE76A8C8" box="[151,393,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Acanthoctenus remotus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE907964642F3FF70FD8AA8C9" author="Chickering, A. M." box="[403,629,151,175]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="81 - 86" refId="ref18761" refString="Chickering, A. M. (1960) A new Acanthoctenus (Araneae: Acanthoctenidae) from Jamaica, W. I. Psyche, 67, 81 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.1155 / 1960 / 26951" type="journal article" year="1960">Chickering, 1960: 81</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 16 (male
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E9079646404DFF70FC79A8C9" box="[813,902,151,175]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and female
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E90796464770FF70FB98A8C9" box="[1040,1127,151,175]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
from Upper Mountain View [
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE907964643ADFF52FE9EA8AB" box="[205,353,181,205]" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="1" seconds="51.6" value="18.047667">18°0251.6”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE9079646420CFF52FDFAA8AB" box="[364,517,181,205]" degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="1" seconds="14.5" value="-76.7707">76°4614.5”W</geoCoordinate>
], St. Andrew Parish,
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE907964641BCFF52FCCFA8AB" box="[732,816,181,205]" name="Jamaica" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="0B2F100AE9079646405BFF52FC60A8AB" box="[827,927,181,205]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="1950-01-15">15.I.1950</date>
, C.B. Lewis coll., deposited in MCZ 22882; male
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E907964643A7FF33FEDEA88A" box="[199,289,212,236]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
, same locality as
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E907964642B9FF33FDCBA88A" box="[473,564,212,236]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
<date id="0B2F100AE90796464120FF33FD55A88A" box="[576,682,212,236]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="1950-05-15">15.V.1950</date>
, C.B. Lewis coll., deposited in MCZ; female
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E907964647E3FF33FB25A88A" box="[1155,1242,212,236]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
from Cross Roads [
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE907964643AEFF15FE9EA96C" box="[206,353,242,266]" degrees="17" direction="north" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="1" seconds="32.8" value="17.992445">17°5932.8”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE9079646420CFF15FDFAA96C" box="[364,517,242,266]" degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="1" seconds="26.5" value="-76.790695">76°4726.5”W</geoCoordinate>
], St. Andrew Parish,
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE907964641BEFF14FCCDA96D" box="[734,818,243,267]" name="Jamaica" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="0B2F100AE9079646405DFF15FC51A96C" box="[829,942,242,266]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="1950-12-03">3.XII.1950</date>
, R.P. Bengry coll., deposited in MCZ 43945, all examined).—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE90796464230FEF6FD75A94F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6177488" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6177488" author="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D." box="[336,650,273,297]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/256ED02AFFEDFFD499972007C1ACFF40" page="40" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="2012">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE90796464230FEF6FD75A94F" author="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D." box="[336,650,273,297]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="39 - 46" refId="ref19722" refString="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D. (2012) An update on tropical Ctenidae from Jamaica (Arachnida, Araneae). Zootaxa, 3481 (1), 39 - 46. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3481.1.3" type="journal article" year="2012">Polotow &amp; Brescovit 2012: 40</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 1ad.—
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9079646406CFEF6FBD5A94F" author="World Spider Catalog" box="[780,1066,273,297]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref20394" refString="World Spider Catalog (2020) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern, Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 6 June 2020) https: // doi. org / 10.24436 / 2" type="book" year="2020">World Spider Catalog 2020</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E907964643F7FEB0FD56AABF" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE907964643F7FEB0FD56AABF" blockId="36.[151,1437,343,802]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E907964643F7FEB0FEEDA917" bold="true" box="[151,274,343,369]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Males of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E907964642E8FEB0FD70A917" authorityName="Chickering" authorityYear="1960" box="[392,655,343,369]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remotus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E907964642E8FEB0FD70A917" box="[392,655,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Acanthoctenus remotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE907964641C1FEB0FD0BA914" box="[673,756,343,370]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[162,1422,783,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-202@35.[151,1435,777,1881]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 34. Acanthoctenus remotus Chickering, 1960, copulatory organs.AB, male palp (holotype, MCZ 22882); A, ventral; B, retrolateral; CD, female genitalia (paratype, MCZ 22882); C, epigynum, ventral. D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471528/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
AB;
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE90796464059FEB0FB91A914" author="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D." box="[825,1134,343,370]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="39 - 46" refId="ref19722" refString="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D. (2012) An update on tropical Ctenidae from Jamaica (Arachnida, Araneae). Zootaxa, 3481 (1), 39 - 46. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3481.1.3" type="journal article" year="2012">Polotow &amp; Brescovit 2012</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 1ab) resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E907964643D6FE9BFEC8A9F3" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[182,311,379,406]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamarrei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E907964643D6FE9BFEC8A9F3" box="[182,311,379,406]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">A. lamarrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9079646425EFE9BFE67A9F0" bold="true" box="[318,408,380,406]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E9079646425EFE9BFE67A9F0" box="[318,408,380,406]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE907964642C8FE9CFE01A9F0" box="[424,510,379,406]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="43.[151,250,1952,1976]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,237,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-24@43.[178,1409,237,1928]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 42. Acanthoctenus lamarrei sp. nov., male holotype (MCZ).AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471544" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471544/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Figs 42</figureCitation>
DE, 43AB) by the median apophysis massive, the apex at least five times wider than the base, and the palpal tibia elongated, at least 2.5 times longer than wide. It can be distinguished by the embolus elongated, the base slightly swollen and starting at 9 oclock, and the apex ending at 2 oclock, and the RTA reduced, wider than long.
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E907964642DEFE0FFDC0AA67" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[446,575,487,514]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamarrei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E907964642DEFE0FFDC0AA67" box="[446,575,487,514]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">A. lamarrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90796464127FE0FFD5EAA64" bold="true" box="[583,673,488,514]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E90796464127FE0FFD5EAA64" box="[583,673,488,514]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
presents a shorter embolus, the apex ending at 12 oclock, the base swollen at least four times the apex width, and RTA elongated, longer than wide. Females of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E907964647F8FDECFA63AA43" authorityName="Chickering" authorityYear="1960" box="[1176,1436,523,549]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remotus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E907964647F8FDECFA63AA43" box="[1176,1436,523,549]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Acanthoctenus remotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE907964643C0FDC8FF0FAA2C" box="[160,240,559,586]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[162,1422,783,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-202@35.[151,1435,777,1881]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 34. Acanthoctenus remotus Chickering, 1960, copulatory organs.AB, male palp (holotype, MCZ 22882); A, ventral; B, retrolateral; CD, female genitalia (paratype, MCZ 22882); C, epigynum, ventral. D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471528/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
CD;
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE90796464252FDC8FD77AA2C" author="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D." box="[306,648,559,586]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="39 - 46" refId="ref19722" refString="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D. (2012) An update on tropical Ctenidae from Jamaica (Arachnida, Araneae). Zootaxa, 3481 (1), 39 - 46. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3481.1.3" type="journal article" year="2012">Polotow &amp; Brescovit 2012: 41</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 1dc) resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E907964640B0FDD7FBA8AA2F" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1906" box="[976,1111,559,586]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumicola">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E907964640B0FDD7FBA8AA2F" box="[976,1111,559,586]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">A. dumicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9079646473DFDD7FB3FAA2C" bold="true" box="[1117,1216,560,586]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">stat. res.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE907964647AFFDC8FADDAA2C" box="[1231,1314,559,586]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1583,1607]" captionTargetBox="[176,1408,879,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-198@20.[170,1418,869,1560]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 19. Acanthoctenus dumicola Simon, 1906 stat. res., female (SMF 69661).A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471498" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471498/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Figs 19</figureCitation>
AB, 20D, 21AB) by the atrium with two strongly sclerotized anterior borders and the lateral sectors anterior border forming a 30° angle with the median sector longitudinal axis. It can be distinguished by the median sector elongated, more than two times longer than wide, and the atrium broader.
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90796464073FD7BFC65AAD3" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1906" box="[787,922,667,694]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumicola">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90796464073FD7BFC65AAD3" box="[787,922,667,694]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">A. dumicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E907964640C1FD7BFBFBAAD0" bold="true" box="[929,1028,668,694]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">stat. res.</emphasis>
presents a reduced media sector, 1.5 times longer than wide, and a narrowed atrium.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E907964643A7FD04FD2AAA98" box="[199,725,739,766]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE907964643A7FD04FD2AAA98" blockId="36.[151,1437,343,802]" box="[199,725,739,766]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E907964643A7FD04FEA6AA9B" bold="true" box="[199,345,739,765]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Description.</emphasis>
See
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE907964642EFFD04FD2FAA98" author="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D." box="[399,720,739,766]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="39 - 46" refId="ref19722" refString="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D. (2012) An update on tropical Ctenidae from Jamaica (Arachnida, Araneae). Zootaxa, 3481 (1), 39 - 46. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3481.1.3" type="journal article" year="2012">Polotow &amp; Brescovit (2012)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E907964643A7FCE0FDB9AB44" box="[199,582,775,802]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE907964643A7FCE0FDB9AB44" blockId="36.[151,1437,343,802]" box="[199,582,775,802]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E907964643A7FCE0FE9EAB47" bold="true" box="[199,353,775,801]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE90796464207FCE0FE3EAB47" box="[359,449,775,801]" name="Jamaica" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE907964642B1FCE0FDC6AB44" box="[465,569,775,802]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,335 @@
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<mods:affiliation id="72FAE09B29BEDDA6B139680769D1DFEE">Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva (DEBE), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus São Paulo. Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, CEP 13565 - 905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil. &amp; facundo. labarque @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9413 - 1949</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="8F263F8436F06D3F02AB4F15E4CAB49D">Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva (DEBE), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus São Paulo. Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, CEP 13565 - 905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil. &amp; danielepolotow @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1069 - 1808</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE905964443F7F965FDBEAEFB" blockId="38.[151,577,1666,1729]" box="[151,577,1666,1693]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<heading id="246681A6E905964443F7F965FDBEAEFB" bold="true" box="[151,577,1666,1693]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" reason="1">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E905964443F7F965FDBEAEFB" bold="true" box="[151,577,1666,1693]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E905964443F7F965FE23AEFB" ID-CoL="98ZBM" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,476,1666,1693]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chickeringi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E905964443F7F965FE23AEFB" bold="true" box="[151,476,1666,1693]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Acanthoctenus chickeringi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E90596444284F964FDBEAEFB" box="[484,577,1667,1693]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="378B6541E905964443F7F940FEACAEA7" box="[151,339,1703,1729]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE905964443F7F940FEACAEA7" blockId="38.[151,577,1666,1729]" box="[151,339,1703,1729]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE905964443F7F940FEFDAEA7" box="[151,258,1703,1729]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figs 10A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9059644426DF940FEACAEA7" box="[269,339,1703,1729]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 38" captionStart-1="FIGURE 39" captionStart-2="FIGURE 40" captionStart-3="FIGURE 41" captionStartId-0="39.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="40.[151,250,1873,1897]" captionStartId-2="41.[151,250,1718,1742]" captionStartId-3="42.[151,250,1949,1973]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1398,181,1919]" captionTargetBox-1="[167,1419,189,1839]" captionTargetBox-2="[170,1416,181,1694]" captionTargetBox-3="[178,1406,1283,1894]" captionTargetId-0="figure-17@39.[189,1398,181,1919]" captionTargetId-1="figure-21@40.[157,1430,181,1849]" captionTargetId-2="figure-17@41.[170,1416,181,1694]" captionTargetId-3="figure-471@42.[151,1435,1245,1925]" captionTargetPageId-0="39" captionTargetPageId-1="40" captionTargetPageId-2="41" captionTargetPageId-3="42" captionText-0="FIGURE 38. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., male paratype (MCZ). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." captionText-1="FIGURE 39. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., copulatory organs. AB, male palp (paratype, MCZ); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (holotype, MCZ); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." captionText-2="FIGURE 40. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female holotype (MCZ). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral." captionText-3="FIGURE 41. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female (MCZ). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471536" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471538" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471540" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471542" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4471536/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4471538/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4471540/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/4471542/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">3841</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E905964443F7F90EFE2DAF2D" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE905964443F7F90EFE2DAF2D" blockId="38.[151,1437,1769,1940]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E905964443F7F90EFEB3AF65" bold="true" box="[151,332,1769,1795]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Type material.</emphasis>
Female
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E905964442D9F90EFCA8AF41" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878312" collectingDate="1939-08-15" collectionCode="MCZ" collectorName="A. M. Chickering" country="Panama" latitude="9.362612" location="San Lorenzo" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-79.95491" municipality="Fort Sherman" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E905964442D9F90EFDE4AF65" box="[441,539,1769,1795]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
from
<location id="7A4E6011E9059644410DF90EFCFAAF62" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE905964843F7F965FDBAACA3:7A4E6011E9059644410DF90EFCFAAF62" box="[621,773,1769,1796]" country="Panama" latitude="9.362612" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-79.95491" municipality="Fort Sherman" name="San Lorenzo" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">San Lorenzo</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="9F4AACB0E90596444077F90DFC45AF65" box="[791,954,1769,1796]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fort Sherman</collectingMunicipality>
, [
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE905964440B3F90EFB98AF62" box="[979,1127,1769,1796]" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="1" seconds="45.4" value="9.362612">9°2145.4”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE9059644471AF90EFADBAF62" box="[1146,1316,1769,1796]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" precision="1" seconds="17.7" value="-79.95491">79°5717.7”W</geoCoordinate>
],
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE9059644465DF90DFA66AF62" box="[1341,1433,1770,1796]" name="Panama" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Panama</collectingCountry>
.
<date id="0B2F100AE905964443F7F8EAFED3AF4E" box="[151,300,1805,1832]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="1939-08-15">
<collectingDate id="1B6BE9E2E905964443F7F8EAFED3AF4E" box="[151,300,1805,1832]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="1939-08-15">15.VIII.1939</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="D264531CE90596444255F8E9FE0DAF41" box="[309,498,1805,1832]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">A.M. Chickering</collectorName>
coll., deposited in
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE905964441A2F8EAFCFDAF41" box="[706,770,1805,1831]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
;
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E9059644406DF8EAFCA8AF41" box="[781,855,1805,1831]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
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<typeStatus id="A02A8868E9059644403DF8E9FC3FAF4E" box="[861,960,1806,1832]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
, same data as the holotype,
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE90596444792F8EAFACDAF41" box="[1266,1330,1805,1831]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
;
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E9059644465CF8EAFA63AF41" box="[1340,1436,1805,1831]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="female">6 female</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E905964443F7F8D5FE31AF2D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878329" box="[151,462,1841,1868]" collectingDate="1939-08-15" collectionCode="MCZ" collectorName="A. M. Chickering" country="Panama" latitude="9.362612" location="San Lorenzo" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-79.95491" municipality="Fort Sherman" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E905964443F7F8D5FEFAAF2A" box="[151,261,1842,1868]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
, same data,
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE905964442EEF8D6FE31AF2D" box="[398,462,1841,1867]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E905964B43A7F8B2FB83AFC0" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE905964443A7F8B2FD41AFF5" blockId="38.[151,1437,1769,1940]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E905964443A7F8B2FEB1AF09" bold="true" box="[199,334,1877,1903]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific name is a patronym in honor of Arthur Chickering, in recognition to his many contributions to the knowledge of Panamanian spiders.
</paragraph>
<caption id="2BEE6642E904964543F7F870FDF2AFB2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471536" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471536/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" startId="39.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[189,1398,181,1919]" targetPageId="39">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE904964543F7F870FDF2AFB2" blockId="39.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E904964543F7F870FEDEAFC9" bold="true" box="[151,289,1943,1967]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">FIGURE 38.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90496454248F87FFDC9AFD6" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[296,566,1944,1968]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chickeringi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90496454248F87FFDC9AFD6" box="[296,566,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Acanthoctenus chickeringi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9049645415DF87FFD71AFD6" bold="true" box="[573,654,1944,1968]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E9049645415DF87FFD71AFD6" box="[573,654,1944,1968]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, male paratype (MCZ). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E90B964A43F7F8B6FB96AFEB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471538" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471538" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471538/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" startId="40.[151,250,1873,1897]" targetBox="[167,1419,189,1839]" targetPageId="40">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE90B964A43F7F8B6FB96AFEB" blockId="40.[151,1437,1873,1933]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90B964A43F7F8B6FEDFAF0F" bold="true" box="[151,288,1873,1897]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">FIGURE 39.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90B964A4247F8B6FDCBAF0F" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[295,564,1873,1897]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chickeringi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90B964A4247F8B6FDCBAF0F" box="[295,564,1873,1897]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Acanthoctenus chickeringi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90B964A415BF8B6FD73AF0F" bold="true" box="[571,652,1873,1897]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E90B964A415BF8B6FD73AF0F" box="[571,652,1873,1897]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, copulatory organs. AB, male palp (paratype, MCZ); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (holotype, MCZ); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E90A964B43F7F951FEA8AE94" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471540" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471540" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471540/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" startId="41.[151,250,1718,1742]" targetBox="[170,1416,181,1694]" targetPageId="41">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE90A964B43F7F951FEA8AE94" blockId="41.[151,1436,1718,1778]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90A964B43F7F951FEDEAEA8" bold="true" box="[151,289,1718,1742]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">FIGURE 40.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90A964B4248F951FDC8AEA8" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[296,567,1718,1742]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chickeringi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90A964B4248F951FDC8AEA8" box="[296,567,1718,1742]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Acanthoctenus chickeringi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90A964B415EF951FD6FAEA8" bold="true" box="[574,656,1718,1742]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E90A964B415EF951FD6FAEA8" box="[574,656,1718,1742]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, female holotype (MCZ). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE90A964B43A7F8C7FB83AFC0" blockId="41.[151,1437,1823,2031]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90A964B43A7F8C7FE02AF5C" bold="true" box="[199,509,1824,1850]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Other material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E90A964B4165F8C7FD50AF38" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878315" collectingDate="1954-07" collectionCode="MCZ" collectorName="A. M. Chickering" country="Panama" latitude="9.154222" location="Canal Zone" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-79.84614" municipality="Barro Colorado Island" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE90A964B4165F8C7FD7FAF5C" box="[517,640,1824,1850]" name="Panama" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90A964B41EBF8C7FCF0AF5C" box="[651,783,1824,1850]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<location id="7A4E6011E90A964B41EBF8C7FCF0AF5C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE905964843F7F965FDBAACA3:7A4E6011E90A964B41EBF8C7FCF0AF5C" box="[651,783,1824,1850]" country="Panama" latitude="9.154222" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-79.84614" municipality="Barro Colorado Island" name="Canal Zone" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Canal Zone</location>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="9F4AACB0E90A964B407EF8C6FBE2AF5C" box="[798,1053,1824,1851]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Barro Colorado Island</collectingMunicipality>
, [
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE90A964B4750F8C7FB3AAF5D" box="[1072,1221,1824,1851]" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="09" orientation="latitude" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" precision="1" seconds="15.2" value="9.154222">9°0915.2”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE90A964B47B2F8F8FA84AF5C" box="[1234,1403,1823,1850]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" precision="1" seconds="46.1" value="-79.84614">79°5046.1”W</geoCoordinate>
],
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E90A964B46EEF8C7FF19AF38" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
,
<date id="0B2F100AE90A964B4390F8A3FEA6AF39" box="[240,345,1860,1887]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1954-07">
<collectingDate id="1B6BE9E2E90A964B4390F8A3FEA6AF39" box="[240,345,1860,1887]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1954-07">VII.1954</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="D264531CE90A964B4201F8A3FDE0AF38" box="[353,543,1860,1886]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">A.M. Chickering</collectorName>
coll. (
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE90A964B4104F8A3FD58AF38" box="[612,679,1860,1886]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E90A964B41DAF8A2FAEDAF38" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878328" box="[698,1298,1860,1887]" collectingDate="1950-06" collectionCode="VI, MCZ" collectorName="A. M. Chickering" country="Panama" latitude="9.154222" location="Canal Zone" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-79.84614" municipality="Barro Colorado Island" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
same locality and collector,
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E90A964B4090F8A3FBACAF38" box="[1008,1107,1860,1886]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
,
<date id="0B2F100AE90A964B473DF8A3FB46AF39" box="[1117,1209,1860,1887]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1950-06">
<collectingDate id="1B6BE9E2E90A964B473DF8A3FB46AF39" box="[1117,1209,1860,1887]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1950-06">
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE90A964B473DF8A3FB83AF39" box="[1117,1148,1860,1887]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">VI</collectionCode>
.1950
</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE90A964B47A8F8A3FAF4AF38" box="[1224,1291,1860,1886]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E90A964B467DF8A2FD70AFE4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878320" collectingDate="1950-07" collectionCode="MCZ" collectorName="A. M. Chickering" country="Panama" latitude="9.154222" location="Canal Zone" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-79.84614" municipality="Barro Colorado Island" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
same locality and collector,
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E90A964B423DF88FFE3DAFE4" box="[349,450,1896,1922]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
,
<date id="0B2F100AE90A964B42AEF88FFDCBAFE5" box="[462,564,1896,1923]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1950-07">
<collectingDate id="1B6BE9E2E90A964B42AEF88FFDCBAFE5" box="[462,564,1896,1923]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1950-07">VII.1950</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE90A964B4124F88FFD78AFE4" box="[580,647,1896,1922]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E90A964B41FBF88EFABBAFE4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878336" box="[667,1348,1896,1923]" collectingDate="1935-12-30" collectionCode="MCZ" collectorName="Griswold" country="Panama" latitude="9.154222" location="Canal Zone" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-79.84614" municipality="Barro Colorado Island" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
same locality,
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E90A964B405EF88FFC5CAFE4" box="[830,931,1896,1922]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
,
<date id="0B2F100AE90A964B40CFF88FFBC4AFE5" box="[943,1083,1896,1923]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1935-12-30">
<collectingDate id="1B6BE9E2E90A964B40CFF88FFBC4AFE5" box="[943,1083,1896,1923]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1935-12-30">30.XII.1935</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="D264531CE90A964B4727F88FFB50AFE4" box="[1095,1199,1896,1922]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Griswold</collectorName>
coll. (
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE90A964B4799F88FFAC3AFE4" box="[1273,1340,1896,1922]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E90A964B4630F88EFB87AFC0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878332" collectingDate="1939-11-08" collectionCode="MCZ" collectorName="A. M. Chickering" country="Panama" latitude="9.348111" location="France Field" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-79.88109" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<location id="7A4E6011E90A964B4630F88EFF2EAFC0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE905964843F7F965FDBAACA3:7A4E6011E90A964B4630F88EFF2EAFC0" country="Panama" latitude="9.348111" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-79.88109" name="France Field" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">France Field</location>
[
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE90A964B43BFF86BFE8BAFC1" box="[223,372,1932,1959]" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" precision="1" seconds="53.2" value="9.348111">9°2053.2”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE90A964B421FF86CFDD6AFC0" box="[383,553,1931,1958]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" precision="1" seconds="51.9" value="-79.88109">79°5251.9”W</geoCoordinate>
],
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E90A964B415BF86BFD60AFC0" box="[571,671,1932,1958]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
,
<date id="0B2F100AE90A964B41CAF86BFCE1AFC0" box="[682,798,1932,1958]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1939-11-08">
<collectingDate id="1B6BE9E2E90A964B41CAF86BFCE1AFC0" box="[682,798,1932,1958]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1939-11-08">8.XI.1939</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="D264531CE90A964B4048F86BFC19AFC0" box="[808,998,1932,1958]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">A.M. Chickering</collectorName>
coll. (
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE90A964B474EF86BFB8EAFC0" box="[1070,1137,1932,1958]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E90A964843A7F857FE11A9CB" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE90A964843A7F857FE11A9CB" blockId="41.[151,1437,1823,2031]" lastBlockId="42.[151,1437,151,1221]" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90A964B43A7F857FEBDAFAC" bold="true" box="[199,322,1968,1994]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Males of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90A964B42D6F857FD1EAFAC" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[438,737,1968,1994]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chickeringi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90A964B42D6F857FD1EAFAC" box="[438,737,1968,1994]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Acanthoctenus chickeringi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90A964B4189F857FCBBAFAC" bold="true" box="[745,836,1968,1994]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E90A964B4189F857FCBBAFAC" box="[745,836,1968,1994]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE90A964B4034F857FC56AFAC" box="[852,937,1968,1994]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@39.[189,1398,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 38. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., male paratype (MCZ). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471536/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Figs 38</figureCitation>
DE, 39AB) resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90A964B4640F857FA63AFAC" baseAuthorityName="Kraus" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[1312,1436,1968,1994]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virginea">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90A964B4640F857FA63AFAC" box="[1312,1436,1968,1994]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">A. virginea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90A964B43F7F833FE78AF88" bold="true" box="[151,391,2004,2030]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">stat. res., comb. nov.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE90A964B42F4F833FE18AF88" box="[404,487,2004,2030]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,193,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-21@32.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 31. Acanthoctenus virginea (Kraus, 1955) stat. res., comb. nov., male holotype (SMF 8676).AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. CD, male palp; C, ventral; D, retrolateral. E, original collection label." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471522/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Figs 31</figureCitation>
CD, 32AB) by the palpal tibia reduced, 1.5 times longer than wide. It can be distinguished by the RTA elongated, longer than wide, the embolus relatively wider, not bended basally, and palpal tibia not swollen basally.
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E909964842E0FF5CFE02A8B2" baseAuthorityName="Kraus" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[384,509,187,213]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virginea">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E909964842E0FF5CFE02A8B2" box="[384,509,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">A. virginea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90996484166FF5CFD02A8B3" bold="true" box="[518,765,187,213]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">stat. res., comb. nov.</emphasis>
presents a short, wider than long RTA, a relatively thinner embolus, which is bended basally, and a basally swollen palpal tibia. Females of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90996484775FF38FAC1A89F" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[1045,1342,223,249]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chickeringi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90996484775FF38FAC1A89F" box="[1045,1342,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Acanthoctenus chickeringi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90996484624FF38FA63A89F" bold="true" box="[1348,1436,223,249]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E90996484624FF38FA63A89F" box="[1348,1436,223,249]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE909964843FFFEE4FF0BA97B" box="[159,244,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 39" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[167,1419,189,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-21@40.[157,1430,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 39. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., copulatory organs. AB, male palp (paratype, MCZ); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (holotype, MCZ); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471538" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471538/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figs 39</figureCitation>
CD, 40D, 41) resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E9099648410FFEE4FD14A97A" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[623,747,259,285]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9099648410FFEE4FD14A97A" box="[623,747,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">A. spinipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9099648419AFEE4FCB1A97B" box="[762,846,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1892,1916]" captionTargetBox="[174,1411,193,1857]" captionTargetId="figure-21@18.[164,1424,181,1868]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 16. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, copulatory organs. AB, male palp (ICN-Ar4667); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (ICN-Ar73); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471492" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471492/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figs 16</figureCitation>
CD, 17C, 18AB) by the atrium massive, subquadrangular, as wide as long. It can be distinguished by the lateral borders of the atrium slightly sclerotized, the median sector extending into the atrium, and the copulatory ducts S-shaped, bended apically.
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E9099648473AFEACFB29A902" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[1114,1238,331,357]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9099648473AFEACFB29A902" box="[1114,1238,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">A. spinipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
presents strongly sclerotized anterior and lateral borders of the atrium, no extension of the median sector into the atrium, and no apically bended copulatory ducts.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E909964843A7FE51FBDBACC7" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE909964843A7FE51FEA5AB73" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E909964843A7FE51FD90A9B6" bold="true" box="[199,623,438,465]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
Description. Male (
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E909964842CAFE51FDE8A9B6" box="[426,535,438,464]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
MCZ).
</emphasis>
Total length 8.50. Carapace 4.37 long and 3.78 wide. Clypeus 0.23 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.28, ALE 0.21, PME 0.35, PLE 0.38. Leg measurements: I: femur 6.69/ patella 2.44/ tibia 7.86/ metatarsus 7.11/ tarsus1.93/ total 26.03; II: 5.25/ 2.26/ 5.75/ 4.71/ 1.35/ 19.32; III: 4.50/ 1.65/ 3.86/ 4.73/ 1.39/ 16.13; IV: 5.89/ 1.65/ 6.01/ 7.89/ 2.18/ 23.62. Leg formula 1423. Leg spination: tibia I, II v-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2, p-1-1-0-1-1, r-1-0-1-1-1; III v-2-2-2, p-1-1-0-1, r-0-1-1-1, IV v-2-2-2, p-0-1-0-1, r-1-0-1; metatarsus I, II v2-2-2- 2-2, p-1-0-1-0, r-0-1-0-1, III v-2-2-2-2, p-1-1-0-1, r-0-1-1-1-1, IV v-2-2-2-2 p-1-0-1-1, r-1-1-1. Palp (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9099648466DFD8CFA9EAAE3" box="[1293,1377,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@39.[189,1398,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 38. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., male paratype (MCZ). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471536/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figs 38</figureCitation>
DE, 39AB): tibia shorter than cymbium; RTA with large base, elongated and with blunt apex; cymbium elongated and with retrobasal projection; embolus elongated, cylindrical, and bent; conductor hyaline and following the tip of embolus; median apophysis laminar, elongated, narrow at the base and wider at the apex, with a proapical hook and retrolateral ridge.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE909964843A7FCF8FC74AC1B" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E909964843A7FCF8FE0DAB5E" bold="true" box="[199,498,798,825]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
Female (
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E9099648424FFCF9FE68AB5E" box="[303,407,798,824]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
MCZ).
</emphasis>
Total length 9.81. Carapace 4.66 long and 3.84 wide. Clypeus 0.27 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.28, ALE 0.21, PME 0.39, PLE 0.42. Leg measurements: I: femur 5.18/ patella 2.19/ tibia 5.65/ metatarsus 4.52/ tarsus1.34/ total 18.88; II: 4.72/ 2.04/ 4.38/ 3.96/ 1.23/ 16.33 III: 3.94/ 1.66/ 3.16/ 3.57/ 1.23/ 13.56; IV: 4.78/ 1.63/ 4.24/ 5.17/ 1.74/ 17.56. Leg formula 1432. Leg spination: tibia I v-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2, p-1-0-1-1-1, r- 1-1-1-1-1; II v-2-2-2-2-2-2-2, p-1-1-1, r-0-1-1-1-1-1, III v-2-2-2, p-0-1-1, r-0-1-1-1, IV v-2-2-2, p-0-1-1, r-0-1-1-1; metatarsus I v2-2-2-2, p-0-1-0, r-0-1, II v2-2-2-2-2, p-0-1-1, r-0-1, III v-2-2-2, p-1-1-1, r-0-1-1, IV v-2-2-2 p-0-1-1, r-0-1-1. Epigynum (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9099648421AFC10FE2FAC77" box="[378,464,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 39" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[167,1419,189,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-21@40.[157,1430,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 39. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., copulatory organs. AB, male palp (paratype, MCZ); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (holotype, MCZ); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471538" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471538/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figs 39</figureCitation>
CD, 40D, 41): median sector elongated, narrow anteriorly extending into the atrium, not projected posteriorly; anterior border of the lateral sectors slightly curved; atrium massive, subquadrangular; copulatory ducts bended apically, S-shaped; spermathecae head quote-shaped, with apical glandular openings, spermathecae base curled; fertilization ducts tubular, slanting outwards.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE909964843A7FB61FBDBACC7" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,1221]" box="[199,1060,1158,1185]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E909964843A7FB61FEC0ACC6" bold="true" box="[199,319,1158,1184]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Variation.</emphasis>
Five females: total length 8.3810.34, carapace length 3.994.59.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E909964843A7FB4DFDBAACA3" box="[199,581,1194,1221]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE909964843A7FB4DFDBAACA3" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,1221]" box="[199,581,1194,1221]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E909964843A7FB4DFE9EACA2" bold="true" box="[199,353,1194,1220]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE90996484207FB4CFE3FACA3" box="[359,448,1195,1221]" name="Panama" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Panama</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE909964842AFFB4CFDC7ACA3" box="[463,568,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
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<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E907964643F7FC94FE11ABE8" bold="true" box="[151,494,883,910]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E907964643F7FC94FE76ABE8" ID-CoL="98ZBQ" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,393,883,910]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alux" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E907964643F7FC94FE76ABE8" bold="true" box="[151,393,883,910]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Acanthoctenus alux</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E907964642F1FC93FE11ABE8" box="[401,494,884,910]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE907964643F7FC70FEACABD4" blockId="36.[151,494,883,946]" box="[151,339,919,946]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9079646426DFC70FEACABD4" box="[269,339,919,946]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 35" captionStart-1="FIGURE 36" captionStart-2="FIGURE 37" captionStartId-0="36.[151,250,1962,1986]" captionStartId-1="37.[151,250,1716,1740]" captionStartId-2="38.[151,250,810,834]" captionTargetBox-0="[168,1419,1308,1930]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetBox-2="[174,1409,196,750]" captionTargetId-0="figure-383@36.[161,1427,1303,1938]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@37.[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetId-2="figure-21@38.[151,1435,181,785]" captionTargetPageId-0="36" captionTargetPageId-1="37" captionTargetPageId-2="38" captionText-0="FIGURE 35. Acanthoctenus alux sp. nov., female holotype (MNHN AR222). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal." captionText-1="FIGURE 36. Acanthoctenus alux sp. nov., female holotype (MNHN AR222). AB, habitus (A, dorsal; B, ventral C, frontal); D, epigynum, ventral." captionText-2="FIGURE 37. Acanthoctenus alux sp. nov., female holotype (MNHN AR222).A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471530" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471532" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471534" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4471530/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4471532/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4471534/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">3537</figureCitation>
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<subSubSection id="378B6541E907964643F7FC3BFEFEAC75" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE907964643F7FC3BFEFEAC75" blockId="36.[151,1436,988,1135]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5F8111E4E907964643F7FC3BFA63AB92" box="[151,1436,988,1012]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E907964643F7FC3BFE60AB92" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,415,988,1012]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinigerus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E907964643F7FC3BFE60AB92" box="[151,415,988,1012]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Acanthoctenus spinigerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—F.O
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE90796464286FC3BFCDFAB92" author="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O." box="[486,800,988,1012]" page="356" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1902">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE90796464286FC3BFCDFAB92" author="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O." box="[486,800,988,1012]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="313 - 424" refId="ref19640" refString="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O. (1902) Arachnida - Araneida and Opiliones. Biologia Centrali-Americana, Zoology, 2, 313 - 424." type="journal article" year="1902">Pickard-Cambridge 1902: 356</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, plate 33, fig. 12 (misidentification).—
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE907964647D8FC3BFA63AB92" author="World Spider Catalog" box="[1208,1436,988,1012]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref20394" refString="World Spider Catalog (2020) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern, Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 6 June 2020) https: // doi. org / 10.24436 / 2" type="book" year="2020">World Spider Catalog</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
2020.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE907964643F7FBFEFB09AC57" blockId="36.[151,1436,988,1135]" box="[151,1270,1049,1073]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E907964643F7FBFEFE79AC57" ID-CoL="8VLQ" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,390,1049,1073]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E907964643F7FBFEFE79AC57" box="[151,390,1049,1073]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Acanthoctenus spiniger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE907964642FFFBFEFD98AC57" author="Lehtinen, P. T." box="[415,615,1049,1073]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="199 - 468" refId="ref19374" refString="Lehtinen, P. T. (1967) Classification of the Cribellate Spiders and some allied families: with notes on the evolution of the subor- der Araneomorpha. Annales Zoologici Fennici, 4, 199 - 468." type="journal article" year="1967">Lehtinen 1967: 208</bibRefCitation>
, figs 414, 420 (misidentification).—
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE907964640B7FBFEFB0DAC57" author="World Spider Catalog" box="[983,1266,1049,1073]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref20394" refString="World Spider Catalog (2020) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern, Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 6 June 2020) https: // doi. org / 10.24436 / 2" type="book" year="2020">World Spider Catalog 2020</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE907964643F7FBDFFEFEAC09" blockId="36.[151,1436,988,1135]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E907964643F7FBDFFE75AC36" ID-CoL="8VLR" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,394,1080,1104]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E907964643F7FBDFFE75AC36" box="[151,394,1080,1104]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Acanthoctenus spinipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—F.O
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE907964642B2FBDFFCE9AC36" author="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O." box="[466,790,1080,1104]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="313 - 424" refId="ref19640" refString="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O. (1902) Arachnida - Araneida and Opiliones. Biologia Centrali-Americana, Zoology, 2, 313 - 424." type="journal article" year="1902">Pickard-Cambridge, 1902: 356</bibRefCitation>
, plate 33, fig. 15 (misidentification).—
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE907964647D5FBDFFA63AC36" author="World Spider Catalog" box="[1205,1436,1080,1104]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref20394" refString="World Spider Catalog (2020) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern, Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 6 June 2020) https: // doi. org / 10.24436 / 2" type="book" year="2020">World Spider Catalog</bibRefCitation>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E907964643A7FBB0FEFEAC09" box="[199,257,1111,1135]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="description">2020.</subSubSection>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E907964643F7FB7AFED6AC99" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE907964643F7FB7AFED6AC99" blockId="36.[151,1437,1181,1279]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E907964643F7FB7AFEBAACD1" bold="true" box="[151,325,1181,1207]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E9079646422CFB7AFAFBACD1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878334" box="[332,1284,1181,1207]" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Female &amp; Peckham" country="Guatemala" location="Guatemala" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="AR222" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectorName id="D264531CE9079646422CFB7AFE61ACD1" box="[332,414,1181,1207]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Female</collectorName>
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E907964642C5FB7AFDF8ACD1" box="[421,519,1181,1207]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
from
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE9079646412CFB7AFD37ACD1" box="[588,712,1181,1207]" name="Guatemala" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
, 1930,
<collectorName id="D264531CE90796464079FB7AFC7FACD1" box="[793,896,1181,1207]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Peckham</collectorName>
coll., deposited in
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE90796464735FB7AFB54ACD1" box="[1109,1195,1181,1207]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MNHN</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="2F379EB1E907964647D0FB7AFAFBACD1" box="[1200,1284,1181,1207]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">AR222</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E90796464670FB7AFEDAAC99" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878321" collectionCode="MCZ" collectorName="Sabanetas &amp; Barberena" country="Guatemala" latitude="14.293973" location="Santa Rosa Department" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-90.289474" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santa Rosa" typeStatus="paratype">
female
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E90796464603FB7AFF38ACBD" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
from
<collectorName id="D264531CE9079646426DFB26FE7FACBD" box="[269,384,1217,1243]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Sabanetas</collectorName>
, near
<collectorName id="D264531CE907964642A4FB26FDC8ACBD" box="[452,567,1217,1243]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Barberena</collectorName>
[
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE90796464126FB26FD16ACBD" box="[582,745,1217,1243]" degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="1" seconds="38.3" value="14.293973">14°1738.3”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE90796464195FB27FC61ACBD" box="[757,926,1216,1243]" degrees="90" direction="west" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="1" seconds="22.1" value="-90.289474">90°1722.1”W</geoCoordinate>
],
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E907964640D1FB26FB41ACBD" box="[945,1214,1217,1243]" country="Guatemala" name="Santa Rosa" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Santa Rosa Department</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE907964647AAFB26FAB9ACBD" box="[1226,1350,1217,1243]" name="Guatemala" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
, deposited in
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE90796464385FB02FEDAAC99" box="[229,293,1253,1279]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="2BEE6642E907964643F7F84DFF45AF80" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471530" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471530/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" startId="36.[151,250,1962,1986]" targetBox="[168,1419,1308,1930]" targetPageId="36">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE907964643F7F84DFF45AF80" blockId="36.[151,1437,1962,2022]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E907964643F7F84DFEDFAFA4" bold="true" box="[151,288,1962,1986]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FIGURE 35.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90796464247F84DFE10AFA4" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[295,495,1962,1986]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alux" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90796464247F84DFE10AFA4" box="[295,495,1962,1986]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Acanthoctenus alux</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90796464295F84DFDB9AFA4" bold="true" box="[501,582,1962,1986]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E90796464295F84DFDB9AFA4" box="[501,582,1962,1986]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, female holotype (MNHN AR222). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E906964743F7F953FE89AE97" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471532" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471532/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" startId="37.[151,250,1716,1740]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1693]" targetPageId="37">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE906964743F7F953FE89AE97" blockId="37.[151,1436,1716,1777]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E906964743F7F953FEDEAEAB" bold="true" box="[151,289,1716,1741]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FIGURE 36.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90696474248F952FE0FAEAB" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[296,496,1717,1741]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alux" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90696474248F952FE0FAEAB" box="[296,496,1717,1741]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Acanthoctenus alux</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90696474297F952FDB6AEAB" bold="true" box="[503,585,1717,1741]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E90696474297F952FDB6AEAB" box="[503,585,1717,1741]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, female holotype (MNHN AR222). AB, habitus (A, dorsal; B, ventral C, frontal); D, epigynum, ventral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E905964443F7FCCDFE48AB00" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471534" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471534/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" startId="38.[151,250,810,834]" targetBox="[174,1409,196,750]" targetPageId="38">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE905964443F7FCCDFE48AB00" blockId="38.[151,1436,810,870]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E905964443F7FCCDFEE0AB24" bold="true" box="[151,287,810,834]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">FIGURE 37.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90596444244FCCDFE14AB24" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[292,491,810,834]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alux" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90596444244FCCDFE14AB24" box="[292,491,810,834]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Acanthoctenus alux</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90596444290FCCDFDC0AB24" bold="true" box="[496,575,810,834]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E90596444290FCCDFDC0AB24" box="[496,575,810,834]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, female holotype (MNHN AR222). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E905964443A7FC73FBDFABB4" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE905964443A7FC73FBDFABB4" blockId="38.[151,1437,916,1590]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E905964443A7FC73FEB1ABC8" bold="true" box="[199,334,916,942]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species name is derived from the Maya word
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9059644401FFC73FC4DABC8" box="[895,946,916,942]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Alux</emphasis>
and means “sprite” or “spirit” in the Mayan mythological tradition, generally associated with natural features such as forests.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E905964443A7FC3BFD61ACE0" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE905964443A7FC3BFD61ACE0" blockId="38.[151,1437,916,1590]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E905964443A7FC3BFEBDAB90" bold="true" box="[199,322,988,1014]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Females of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E905964442AEFC3BFD54AB90" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[462,683,988,1014]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alux">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E905964442AEFC3BFD54AB90" box="[462,683,988,1014]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Acanthoctenus alux</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE905964441DBFC3BFCECAB91" box="[699,787,988,1015]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1962,1986]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,1308,1930]" captionTargetId="figure-383@36.[161,1427,1303,1938]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 35. Acanthoctenus alux sp. nov., female holotype (MNHN AR222). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471530/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figs 35</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE90596444040FC3BFCADAB90" box="[800,850,988,1014]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1716,1740]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-17@37.[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 36. Acanthoctenus alux sp. nov., female holotype (MNHN AR222). AB, habitus (A, dorsal; B, ventral C, frontal); D, epigynum, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471532/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">36D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9059644403FFC3BFC83AB90" box="[863,892,988,1014]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="38.[151,250,810,834]" captionTargetBox="[174,1409,196,750]" captionTargetId="figure-21@38.[151,1435,181,785]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 37. Acanthoctenus alux sp. nov., female holotype (MNHN AR222).A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471534/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">37</figureCitation>
) resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E9059644473CFC3BFB27AB90" baseAuthorityName="Kraus" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[1116,1240,988,1014]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virginea">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9059644473CFC3BFB27AB90" box="[1116,1240,988,1014]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">A. virginea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90596444780FC3BFF37AC7C" bold="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">stat. res., comb. nov.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE905964443B9FBE7FECFAC7C" box="[217,304,1024,1050]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[216,1370,193,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-17@33.[204,1383,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 32. Acanthoctenus virginea (Kraus, 1955) stat. res., comb. nov., copulatory organs. AB, male palp (holotype, SMF 8676); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (paratype, SMF 8674); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471524/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figs 32</figureCitation>
CD, 33CD) by the median sector subpentagonal, and the lateral sectors anterior border straight, forming a 60° angle with the median sectors longitudinal axis. It can be distinguished by the atrium subtriangular, and the copulatory ducts relatively smaller.
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E9059644411BFBAFFD0AAC04" baseAuthorityName="Kraus" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[635,757,1096,1122]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virginea">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9059644411BFBAFFD0AAC04" box="[635,757,1096,1122]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">A. virginea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9059644419BFBAFFC15AC04" bold="true" box="[763,1002,1096,1122]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">stat. res., comb. nov.</emphasis>
presents a suboval, slightly sclerotized atrium, and relatively longer copulatory ducts.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E905964443A7FB77FB8FAE74" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE905964443A7FB77FDDFACCC" blockId="38.[151,1437,916,1590]" box="[199,544,1168,1194]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E905964443A7FB77FE5CACCC" bold="true" box="[199,419,1168,1194]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Description. Male.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE905964443A7FB53FDFCAD88" blockId="38.[151,1437,916,1590]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E905964443A7FB53FDA4ACA8" bold="true" box="[199,603,1204,1230]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
Female (
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E9059644424CFB53FE6BACA8" box="[300,404,1204,1230]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
MNHN AR222).
</emphasis>
Total length 10.94. Carapace 4.26 long, 4.33 wide. Clypeus 0.20 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.28, ALE 0.18, PME 0.37, PLE 0.39 Leg measurements: I: missing; II: femur 5.06/ patella 2.41/ tibia 5.68/ metatarsus 3.78/ tarsus 1.36/ total 18.29; III: 4.10/ 1.80/4.12/ 3.40/ 1.51/ 14.93; IV: 5.78/ 2.12/ 5.74/ 7.41/ 2.23/ 23.28. Leg spination: I absent, tibia II v-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2, p-1-1-0-1-1, r-1-0-1-1-1, III and IV v-2-2-2, p-1-1, r-1-1; metatarsus II v-2-2-2-2-2, p-1-1, r-1 III v-2-2-2, p-1-1-1, r 1-1-1, IV v-1-1-1-1-1, p-1-1-1, r-1-1-1. Epigynum (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE905964443FFFA8FFF09ADE5" box="[159,246,1384,1411]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1962,1986]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,1308,1930]" captionTargetId="figure-383@36.[161,1427,1303,1938]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 35. Acanthoctenus alux sp. nov., female holotype (MNHN AR222). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471530/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figs 35</figureCitation>
AB, 36D, 37AB): median sector subpentagonal, short, wide anteriorly extending into the atrium, projected posteriorly; anterior border of the lateral sectors straight; atrium subtriangular; copulatory ducts S-shaped, small; spermathecae head quote-shaped, with apical glandular openings, spermathecae base curled; fertilization ducts tubular, slanting outwards.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE905964443A7FA1FFB8FAE74" blockId="38.[151,1437,916,1590]" box="[199,1136,1528,1555]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E905964443A7FA1FFEC0AE74" bold="true" box="[199,319,1528,1554]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Variation.</emphasis>
Two females: total body length 10.9414.24, carapace length 4.266.18.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E905964443A7F9FBFD9AAE50" box="[199,613,1564,1590]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE905964443A7F9FBFD9AAE50" blockId="38.[151,1437,916,1590]" box="[199,613,1564,1590]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E905964443A7F9FBFE9EAE50" bold="true" box="[199,353,1564,1590]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE90596444207F9FBFE1FAE50" box="[359,480,1564,1590]" name="Guatemala" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
(
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).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
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<mods:title id="0329657346DCD6645145CBFC58001EDD">Revision of the Neotropical spider genus Acanthoctenus (Araneae: Ctenidae Acanthocteninae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1199239A4E3CAC46016A99B4760092A1">Arizala, Stephany</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="34BA73069E089E067F28EDF9384A0F49">Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, (PG-IB / UNICAMP), Bloco O CP- 6109. Av. Bertrand Russel s / n. CEP 13083 - 865 Campinas, SP, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="D9CC857833453D6A1FD1D199B1DCC5BF">Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva (DEBE), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus São Paulo. Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, CEP 13565 - 905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil. &amp; facundo. labarque @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9413 - 1949</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="C7CB4A6C2247A09F95CB3A3DBA9212DF">Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva (DEBE), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus São Paulo. Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, CEP 13565 - 905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil. &amp; danielepolotow @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1069 - 1808</mods:affiliation>
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<heading id="246681A6E908964943F7FF70FDDEA8D7" bold="true" box="[151,545,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" reason="1">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E908964943F7FF70FDDEA8D7" bold="true" box="[151,545,151,178]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E908964943F7FF70FE44A8D4" ID-CoL="98ZBP" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,443,151,178]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamarrei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E908964943F7FF70FE44A8D4" bold="true" box="[151,443,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Acanthoctenus lamarrei</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E908964942A3FF70FDDEA8D7" box="[451,545,151,177]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="378B6541E908964943F7FF5CFEACA8B3" box="[151,339,187,213]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE908964943F7FF5CFEACA8B3" blockId="43.[151,545,151,213]" box="[151,339,187,213]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE908964943F7FF5CFEFDA8B3" box="[151,258,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Figs 10A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9089649426DFF5CFEACA8B3" box="[269,339,187,213]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 42" captionStart-1="FIGURE 43" captionStartId-0="43.[151,250,1952,1976]" captionStartId-1="44.[151,250,1598,1622]" captionTargetBox-0="[178,1409,237,1928]" captionTargetBox-1="[163,1419,192,1563]" captionTargetId-0="figure-24@43.[178,1409,237,1928]" captionTargetId-1="figure-21@44.[158,1429,181,1575]" captionTargetPageId-0="43" captionTargetPageId-1="44" captionText-0="FIGURE 42. Acanthoctenus lamarrei sp. nov., male holotype (MCZ).AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." captionText-1="FIGURE 43. Acanthoctenus lamarrei sp. nov., male holotype (MCZ). AB, male palp; A, ventral; B, retrolateral." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471544" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471546" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4471544/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4471546/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">4243</figureCitation>
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<caption id="2BEE6642E908964943F7F847FE29AFBA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471544" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471544" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471544/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" startId="43.[151,250,1952,1976]" targetBox="[178,1409,237,1928]" targetPageId="43">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE908964943F7F847FE29AFBA" blockId="43.[151,1436,1952,2012]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E908964943F7F847FEE0AFDE" bold="true" box="[151,287,1952,1976]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">FIGURE 42.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90896494244F847FDE8AFDE" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[292,535,1952,1976]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamarrei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90896494244F847FDE8AFDE" box="[292,535,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Acanthoctenus lamarrei</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9089649417CF847FD94AFDE" bold="true" box="[540,619,1952,1976]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E9089649417CF847FD94AFDE" box="[540,619,1952,1976]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, male holotype (MCZ). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E90F964E43F7F9D9FAE6AE31" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471546" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471546" box="[151,1305,1598,1623]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471546/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" startId="44.[151,250,1598,1622]" targetBox="[163,1419,192,1563]" targetPageId="44">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE90F964E43F7F9D9FAE6AE31" blockId="44.[151,1305,1598,1623]" box="[151,1305,1598,1623]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90F964E43F7F9D9FEDFAE31" bold="true" box="[151,288,1598,1623]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">FIGURE 43.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90F964E4246F9D8FDE5AE31" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[294,538,1599,1623]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamarrei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90F964E4246F9D8FDE5AE31" box="[294,538,1599,1623]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Acanthoctenus lamarrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90F964E4140F9D8FD8FAE31" bold="true" box="[544,624,1599,1623]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E90F964E4140F9D8FD8FAE31" box="[544,624,1599,1623]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, male holotype (MCZ). AB, male palp; A, ventral; B, retrolateral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E90F964E43F7F962FC79AEA5" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE90F964E43F7F962FC79AEA5" blockId="44.[151,1437,1668,2019]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90F964E43F7F962FEB7AEF9" bold="true" box="[151,328,1669,1695]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Type material:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E90F964E4230F962FC7EAEA5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878318" collectingDate="1983-08-08" collectionCode="MCZ" collectorName="H. &amp; L. Levi" country="Panama" latitude="8.433056" location="Playa Corona" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-80.00603" municipality="San Carlos" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Panama" typeStatus="holotype">
male
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E90F964E42EEF962FE0FAEF9" box="[398,496,1669,1695]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
from
<location id="7A4E6011E90F964E4156F962FD2EAEF9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE908964F43F7FF70FDBAAA7F:7A4E6011E90F964E4156F962FD2EAEF9" box="[566,721,1669,1695]" country="Panama" latitude="8.433056" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-80.00603" municipality="San Carlos" name="Playa Corona" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" stateProvince="Panama">Playa Corona</location>
, near
<collectingMunicipality id="9F4AACB0E90F964E4076F962FC6EAEF9" box="[790,913,1669,1695]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">San Carlos</collectingMunicipality>
[
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE90F964E40C0F962FBCBAEC6" box="[928,1076,1669,1696]" degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" precision="1" seconds="59.0" value="8.433056">8°2559.0”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE90F964E4721F963FB15AEF9" box="[1089,1258,1668,1695]" degrees="80" direction="west" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" precision="1" seconds="21.7" value="-80.00603">80°0021.7”W</geoCoordinate>
],
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E90F964E479EF962FF37AEA5" country="Panama" name="Panama" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Panama Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE90F964E43B4F94EFECFAEA5" box="[212,304,1705,1731]" name="Panama" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Panama</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="0B2F100AE90F964E425AF94EFE2FAEA5" box="[314,464,1705,1731]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="1983-08-08">
<collectingDate id="1B6BE9E2E90F964E425AF94EFE2FAEA5" box="[314,464,1705,1731]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="1983-08-08">08.VIII.1983</collectingDate>
</date>
.
<collectorName id="D264531CE90F964E42BBF94EFD93AEA5" box="[475,620,1705,1731]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">H. &amp; L. Levi</collectorName>
coll., deposited in
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE90F964E4021F94EFC7EAEA5" box="[833,897,1705,1731]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E90F964E43A7F92AFB29AF6D" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE90F964E43A7F92AFB29AF6D" blockId="44.[151,1437,1668,2019]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90F964E43A7F92AFEB1AE81" bold="true" box="[199,334,1741,1767]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific name is a patronym in honor of the entomologist Greg P. A. Lamarre, in recognition of many contributions to the knowledge on Panamanian spiders and friendship to the first author.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E90F964E43A7F8F2FAFAAFD9" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE90F964E43A7F8F2FAFAAFD9" blockId="44.[151,1437,1668,2019]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90F964E43A7F8F2FEBDAF49" bold="true" box="[199,322,1813,1839]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Males of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90F964E42D9F8F2FD37AF49" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[441,712,1813,1839]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamarrei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90F964E42D9F8F2FD37AF49" box="[441,712,1813,1839]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Acanthoctenus lamarrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90F964E41B2F8F2FCD1AF49" bold="true" box="[722,814,1813,1839]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E90F964E41B2F8F2FCD1AF49" box="[722,814,1813,1839]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE90F964E405FF8F2FC68AF49" box="[831,919,1813,1839]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="43.[151,250,1952,1976]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,237,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-24@43.[178,1409,237,1928]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 42. Acanthoctenus lamarrei sp. nov., male holotype (MCZ).AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471544" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471544/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Figs 42</figureCitation>
DE, 43) resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90F964E47BCF8F2FAA6AF49" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[1244,1369,1813,1839]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90F964E47BCF8F2FAA6AF49" box="[1244,1369,1813,1839]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">A. spinipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE90F964E460AF8F2FF4EAF32" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@17.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 15. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, male (ICN-Ar4667). AC, habitus A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal; DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471490/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Figs 15</figureCitation>
DE, 16AB) by the median apophysis massive, the apex at least five times wider than the base, and RTA elongated, longer than wide. It can be distinguished by the embolus short, the apex ending at 12 oclock and the base swollen at least four times the apex width, and RTA curved distally.
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90F964E40F3F866FBF1AFFD" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[915,1038,1921,1947]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90F964E40F3F866FBF1AFFD" box="[915,1038,1921,1947]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">A. spinipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
presents an elongated embolus, the base slightly swollen starting at 9 oclock and the apex ending at 2 oclock, and RTA straight distally.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E90F964F43A7F82EFE5DA993" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE90F964F43A7F82EFF28A9B7" blockId="44.[151,1437,1668,2019]" lastBlockId="45.[151,1437,150,537]" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90F964E43A7F82EFD94AF85" bold="true" box="[199,619,1993,2019]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
Description. Male (
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E90F964E42CBF82EFDECAF85" box="[427,531,1993,2019]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
MCZ).
</emphasis>
Total length 9.37. Carapace 4.93 long and 4.33 wide. Clypeus 0.26 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.26, ALE 0.19, PME 0.36, PLE 0.49. Leg measurements: I: femur 6.75/ patella 2.53/ tibia 8.55/ metatarsus 8.25/ tarsus 2.29/ total 28.37; II: 6.65/ 2.54/ 6.38/ 6.59/ 1.97/ 24.13; III: 5.18/ 1.91/ 4.50/ 5.33/ 1.63/ 18.55; IV: 6.70/ 1.96/ 6.10/ 8.46/ 2.71/ 25.93. Leg formula 1423. Leg spination: tibia I and II v-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2, p-1-0-1-1, r-1-0-1-1-1, III v-2-2-2, p-1-1-1, r-0-0-1 and IV v-2-2-2, p-1-1-1, r-1-0-1-1; metatarsus I, II v2-2-2-2-2, p-1-0-1, r-1, III v-2-2-2, p-1-0-1, r-1-1, IV v2-0-1-1-1, p1-1-1, r-1-0-1-1. Palp (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE90E964F4772FEC0FB97A927" box="[1042,1128,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="43.[151,250,1952,1976]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,237,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-24@43.[178,1409,237,1928]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 42. Acanthoctenus lamarrei sp. nov., male holotype (MCZ).AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471544" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471544/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Figs 42</figureCitation>
DE, 43): tibia shorter than cymbium, slightly curved; RTA elongated and sinuous; cymbium elongated and with retrobasal projection; embolus elongated but shorter than in most
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90E964F4148FE88FD32A9EF" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[552,717,367,393]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90E964F4148FE88FD32A9EF" box="[552,717,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Acanthoctenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp., cylindrical, and curved; conductor hyaline and following the tip of embolus; median apophysis laminar, elongated, narrow at the base and wider at the top, with a proapical hook.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE90E964F43A7FE3CFE5DA993" blockId="45.[151,1437,150,537]" box="[199,418,475,501]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90E964F43A7FE3CFEDAA993" bold="true" box="[199,293,475,501]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Female.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E90E964F43A7FE19FDBAAA7F" box="[199,581,510,537]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE90E964F43A7FE19FDBAAA7F" blockId="45.[151,1437,150,537]" box="[199,581,510,537]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90E964F43A7FE19FE9EAA7E" bold="true" box="[199,353,510,536]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE90E964F4207FE18FE3FAA7F" box="[359,448,511,537]" name="Panama" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Panama</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE90E964F42AFFE18FDC7AA7F" box="[463,568,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,407 @@
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<mods:title id="05F0616F488FAE594687A04D0E22FB24">Revision of the Neotropical spider genus Acanthoctenus (Araneae: Ctenidae Acanthocteninae)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="50C0CA3A490A6B155AAC4ED5D18C4132">Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva (DEBE), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus São Paulo. Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, CEP 13565 - 905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil. &amp; facundo. labarque @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9413 - 1949</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="378B6541E90E964F43F7FD8DFDC9AAE3" box="[151,566,618,645]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE90E964F43F7FD8DFDC9AAE3" blockId="45.[151,566,618,681]" box="[151,566,618,645]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<heading id="246681A6E90E964F43F7FD8DFDC9AAE3" bold="true" box="[151,566,618,645]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" reason="1">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90E964F43F7FD8DFDC9AAE3" bold="true" box="[151,566,618,645]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90E964F43F7FD8DFE2EAAE3" ID-CoL="98ZBS" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,465,618,645]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manauara" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90E964F43F7FD8DFE2EAAE3" bold="true" box="[151,465,618,645]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Acanthoctenus manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E90E964F42B8FD8CFDC9AAE3" box="[472,566,619,645]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="378B6541E90E964F43F7FD68FE76AACF" box="[151,393,655,681]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE90E964F43F7FD68FE76AACF" blockId="45.[151,566,618,681]" box="[151,393,655,681]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE90E964F43F7FD68FF04AACF" box="[151,251,655,681]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="1.[151,250,1951,1975]" captionStartId-1="2.[151,250,885,909]" captionStartId-2="3.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[200,1387,181,1927]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,181,861]" captionTargetBox-2="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId-0="figure-17@1.[200,1387,181,1927]" captionTargetId-1="figure-21@2.[151,1435,181,861]" captionTargetId-2="figure-17@3.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionTargetPageId-2="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., female live specimen (IBSP). A, dorsal; B, lateral, right view; C, frontal (Photos taken in laboratory conditions by Thiago G. Carvalho)." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov. A, immature exuviae under palm leaf sheath; B, female outside shelter in palm leaf sheath (arrow pointing to shelter entrance)." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., male live specimen. A, dorsal; B, lateral, left view; C, frontal (Photos taken in laboratory conditions by Thiago G. Carvalho)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471456" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471458" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471460" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4471456/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4471458/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4471460/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Figs 13</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE90E964F4266FD68FEC7AACF" box="[262,312,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">10B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE90E964F4223FD68FE76AACF" box="[323,393,655,681]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 44" captionStart-1="FIGURE 45" captionStart-2="FIGURE 46" captionStart-3="FIGURE 47" captionStartId-0="46.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="47.[151,250,1926,1950]" captionStartId-2="48.[151,250,1612,1636]" captionStartId-3="49.[151,250,1048,1072]" captionTargetBox-0="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetBox-1="[210,1374,187,1892]" captionTargetBox-2="[164,1423,181,1582]" captionTargetBox-3="[177,1406,357,999]" captionTargetId-0="figure-21@46.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@47.[198,1389,181,1902]" captionTargetId-2="figure-21@48.[164,1423,181,1588]" captionTargetId-3="figure-75@49.[151,1435,344,1024]" captionTargetPageId-0="46" captionTargetPageId-1="47" captionTargetPageId-2="48" captionTargetPageId-3="49" captionText-0="FIGURE 44. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., male paratype (IBSP 233864). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." captionText-1="FIGURE 45. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., copulatory organs. AB, male palp (paratype, IBSP 233864); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (holotype, CZPB AR126); C, epigynum, ventral. D, internal genitalia, dorsal." captionText-2="FIGURE 46. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., female holotype (CZPB AR126). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral." captionText-3="FIGURE 47. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., female holotype (CZPB AR126). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471548" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471550" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471552" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471554" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4471548/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4471550/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4471552/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/4471554/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">4447</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="378B6541E90E964F43F7FD30FA69AB5F" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE90E964F43F7FD30FA69AB5F" blockId="45.[151,1437,726,1761]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90E964F43F7FD30FEBDAA96" bold="true" box="[151,322,726,753]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E90E964F4226FD30FA67AB73" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878305" collectingDate="2011-08" collectingDateMax="2013-12" collectingDateMin="2011-08" collectionCode="T" collectorName="G. Carvalho &amp; J. P. C. Pinto Neto &amp; P. K. M. Almeida" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-3.0981388" location="Female" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-59.96886" municipality="Manaus" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<location id="7A4E6011E90E964F4226FD30FE67AA97" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE90E965343F7FD8DFC89A926:7A4E6011E90E964F4226FD30FE67AA97" box="[326,408,727,753]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-3.0981388" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-59.96886" municipality="Manaus" name="Female" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Female</location>
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E90E964F42FDFD30FE00AA97" box="[413,511,727,753]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
from
<location id="7A4E6011E90E964F415EFD30FBBCAA97" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE90E965343F7FD8DFC89A926:7A4E6011E90E964F415EFD30FBBCAA97" box="[574,1091,727,753]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="-3.0981388" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-59.96886" municipality="Manaus" name="Campus da Universidade Federal do Amazonas" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Campus da Universidade Federal do Amazonas</location>
[
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE90E964F472FFD31FB20AA97" box="[1103,1247,726,753]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" precision="1" seconds="53.3" value="-3.0981388">3°0553.3”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE90E964F4787FD31FA6EAA97" box="[1255,1425,726,753]" degrees="59" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" precision="1" seconds="07.9" value="-59.96886">59°5807.9”W</geoCoordinate>
],
<collectingMunicipality id="9F4AACB0E90E964F43F7FD1CFF0DAB73" box="[151,242,763,789]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Manaus</collectingMunicipality>
, state of
<collectingCounty id="964F4E46E90E964F4235FD1CFE31AB73" box="[341,462,763,789]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Amazonas</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE90E964F42B9FD1CFDDFAB73" box="[473,544,763,789]" name="Brazil" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="0B2F100AE90E964F414BFD1CFD65AB73" box="[555,666,763,789]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="2011-08">
<collectingDate id="1B6BE9E2E90E964F414BFD1CFD65AB73" box="[555,666,763,789]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="2011-08">VIII.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
<date id="0B2F100AE90E964F41C9FD1CFCF0AB73" box="[681,783,763,789]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="2013-12">
<collectingDate id="1B6BE9E2E90E964F41C9FD1CFCF0AB73" box="[681,783,763,789]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="2013-12">XII.2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE90E964F407AFD1CFCD2AB73" box="[794,813,763,789]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">T</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="D264531CE90E964F4051FD1CFC44AB73" box="[817,955,763,789]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">G. Carvalho</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="D264531CE90E964F40A7FD1CFB7AAB73" box="[967,1157,763,789]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">J.P.C. Pinto Neto</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="D264531CE90E964F47C9FD1CFAA2AB73" box="[1193,1373,763,789]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P.K.M. Almeida</collectorName>
coll.
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E90E964F43F7FCF8FA6DAB5F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878306" box="[151,1426,798,825]" collectingDate="2015-12-15" collectionCode="CZPB" collectorName="G. Carvalho" country="Brazil" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" specimenCode="AR126" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
deposited in
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE90E964F4246FCF8FE93AB5F" box="[294,364,799,825]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">CZPB</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="2F379EB1E90E964F4212FCF8FE39AB5F" box="[370,454,799,825]" collectionCode="CZPB" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">AR126</specimenCode>
; male
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E90E964F416FFCF8FD90AB5F" box="[527,623,799,825]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
from the same locality,
<date id="0B2F100AE90E964F401EFCF9FBF6AB5F" box="[894,1033,798,825]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="2015-12-15">
<collectingDate id="1B6BE9E2E90E964F401EFCF9FBF6AB5F" box="[894,1033,798,825]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="2015-12-15">15.XII.2015</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE90E964F4774FCF8FBD8AB5F" box="[1044,1063,799,825]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">T</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="D264531CE90E964F474BFCF8FB4CAB5F" box="[1067,1203,799,825]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">G. Carvalho</collectorName>
coll.,
<specimenCode id="2F379EB1E90E964F4799FCF8FA6DAB5F" box="[1273,1426,799,825]" collectionCode="IBSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/23qr-v2gj" name="Instituto Biologico de Sao Paulo" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">IBSP 233864</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E90E964F43A7FCA4FA98AC3C" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE90E964F43A7FCA4FF08ABE7" blockId="45.[151,1437,726,1761]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90E964F43A7FCA4FEB1AB3B" bold="true" box="[199,334,835,861]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species name is a word in Portuguese that identifies residents or natives from the city of Manaus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE90E964F43A7FC6DFA98AC3C" blockId="45.[151,1437,726,1761]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90E964F43A7FC6DFDFDABC2" bold="true" box="[199,514,906,932]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Other material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E90E964F416CFC6CFC3BABAF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878314" collectingDate="1994-12-15" collectionCode="T" collectorName="T. Gasnier" country="Brazil" latitude="-2.9633334" location="BRAZIL" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-59.922836" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" specimenCode="IBSP 14528" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE90E964F416CFC6CFD8AABC3" box="[524,629,907,933]" name="Brazil" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90E964F41E3FC6CFD09ABC3" box="[643,758,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<collectorName id="D264531CE90E964F41E3FC6CFD09ABC3" box="[643,758,907,933]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Amazonas</collectorName>
</emphasis>
:
<collectorName id="D264531CE90E964F4068FC6CFC9CABC3" box="[776,867,907,933]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Manaus</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="D264531CE90E964F4012FC6CFB09ABC3" box="[882,1270,907,933]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke</collectorName>
[
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE90E964F4667FC6DFA68ABC3" box="[1287,1431,906,933]" degrees="2" direction="south" minutes="57" orientation="latitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" precision="1" seconds="48.0" value="-2.9633334">2°5748.0”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE90E964F43F7FC49FEBFABAF" box="[151,320,942,969]" degrees="59" direction="west" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" precision="1" seconds="22.2" value="-59.922836">59°5522.2”W</geoCoordinate>
],
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E90E964F4236FC48FE42ABAF" box="[342,445,943,969]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
,
<date id="0B2F100AE90E964F42ABFC49FDA9ABAF" box="[459,598,942,969]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="1994-12-15">
<collectingDate id="1B6BE9E2E90E964F42ABFC49FDA9ABAF" box="[459,598,942,969]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="1994-12-15">15.XII.1994</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE90E964F4104FC48FD89ABAF" box="[612,630,943,969]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">T</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="D264531CE90E964F41E4FC48FD24ABAF" box="[644,731,943,969]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Gasnier</collectorName>
coll. (
<specimenCode id="2F379EB1E90E964F4048FC48FC47ABAF" box="[808,952,942,969]" collectionCode="IBSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/23qr-v2gj" name="Instituto Biologico de Sao Paulo" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">IBSP 14528</specimenCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E90E964F40AFFC48FB89AB8B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878301" collectingDate="2018-08-09" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="Gasnier" country="Brazil" location="Bosque da Ciencia" municipality="Lago Janauari" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" specimenCode="IBSP 14528" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<location id="7A4E6011E90E964F40AFFC48FB58ABAF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE90E965343F7FD8DFC89A926:7A4E6011E90E964F40AFFC48FB58ABAF" box="[975,1191,943,969]" country="Brazil" name="Bosque da Ciencia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Bosque da Ciência</location>
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE90E964F47D1FC48FB0CABAF" box="[1201,1267,943,969]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">INPA</collectionCode>
, [
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE90E964F4668FC49FA67ABAF" box="[1288,1432,942,969]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" precision="1" seconds="50.8" value="-3.0974443">3°0550.8”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE90E964F43F7FC35FEBFAB8B" box="[151,320,978,1005]" degrees="59" direction="west" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" precision="1" seconds="16.1" value="-59.987804">59°5916.1”W</geoCoordinate>
],
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E90E964F4236FC34FE43AB8B" box="[342,444,979,1005]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
,
<date id="0B2F100AE90E964F42AAFC34FDAEAB8B" box="[458,593,979,1005]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="2018-08-09">
<collectingDate id="1B6BE9E2E90E964F42AAFC34FDAEAB8B" box="[458,593,979,1005]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="2018-08-09">9.VIII.2018</collectingDate>
</date>
, DNA-voucher,
<collectorName id="D264531CE90E964F406FFC34FC7FAB8B" box="[783,896,979,1005]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">S. Arizala</collectorName>
coll. (
<specimenCode id="2F379EB1E90E964F40ACFC34FB94AB8B" box="[972,1131,978,1005]" collectionCode="IBSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/23qr-v2gj" name="Instituto Biologico de Sao Paulo" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">IBSP 258333</specimenCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E90E964F47E0FC34FA67AB8B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878322" box="[1152,1432,979,1005]" collectingDate="2018-08-09" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="Gasnier" country="Brazil" location="Bosque da Ciencia" municipality="Lago Janauari" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" specimenCode="IBSP 14528" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<location id="7A4E6011E90E964F47E0FC34FB19AB8B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE90E965343F7FD8DFC89A926:7A4E6011E90E964F47E0FC34FB19AB8B" box="[1152,1254,979,1005]" country="Brazil" municipality="Lago Janauari" name="Iranduba" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Iranduba</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="9F4AACB0E90E964F4795FC34FA67AB8B" box="[1269,1432,979,1005]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Lago Janauari</collectingMunicipality>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E90E964F43F7FC10FADCAC77" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878324" box="[151,1315,1015,1041]" collectingDate="1988-01-14" collectionCode="IBSP" collectorName="J. Adis" country="Brazil" latitude="-3.3333333" location="Iranduba" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-60.283333" municipality="Lago Janauari" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" specimenCode="IBSP 120219" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE90E964F43F7FC10FF18AC77" box="[151,231,1015,1041]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" precision="925" value="-3.3333333">3°20S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE90E964F4396FC10FEA2AC77" box="[246,349,1015,1041]" degrees="60" direction="west" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" precision="925" value="-60.283333">60°17W</geoCoordinate>
,
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E90E964F420CFC10FE42AC77" box="[364,445,1015,1041]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<date id="0B2F100AE90E964F42ACFC10FDC5AC77" box="[460,570,1015,1041]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="1988-01-14">
<collectingDate id="1B6BE9E2E90E964F42ACFC10FDC5AC77" box="[460,570,1015,1041]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="1988-01-14">14.I.1988</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="D264531CE90E964F4128FC10FD67AC77" box="[584,664,1015,1041]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">J. Adis</collectorName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90E964F41C2FC10FD22AC77" box="[674,733,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">et al.</emphasis>
coll. (
<specimenCode id="2F379EB1E90E964F4049FC10FC37AC77" box="[809,968,1015,1041]" collectionCode="IBSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/23qr-v2gj" name="Instituto Biologico de Sao Paulo" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">IBSP 120219</specimenCode>
); same locality and collectors
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E90E964F4651FC10FCD5AC53" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878335" collectingDate="1987-08-31" collectionCode="IBSP" collectorName="J. Adis" country="Brazil" latitude="-3.3333333" location="Iranduba" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-60.283333" municipality="Lago Janauari" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" specimenCode="IBSP 120277" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E90E964F4651FC10FA67AC77" box="[1329,1432,1015,1041]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
,
<date id="0B2F100AE90E964F43F7FBFCFED5AC53" box="[151,298,1051,1077]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="1987-08-31">
<collectingDate id="1B6BE9E2E90E964F43F7FBFCFED5AC53" box="[151,298,1051,1077]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="1987-08-31">31.VIII.1987</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCode id="2F379EB1E90E964F4259FBFCFE29AC53" box="[313,470,1051,1077]" collectionCode="IBSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/23qr-v2gj" name="Instituto Biologico de Sao Paulo" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">IBSP 120277</specimenCode>
); same locality and collectors
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E90E964F4056FBFCFDE4AC3F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878333" collectingDate="1987-09-30" collectionCode="PDBFF" country="Brazil" county="Reserva" location="Rio Preto da Eva" municipality="Fazenda Dimona" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" specimenCode="IBSP 120218" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E90E964F4056FBFCFC7AAC53" box="[822,901,1051,1077]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<date id="0B2F100AE90E964F40F2FBFCFBEEAC53" box="[914,1041,1051,1077]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="1987-09-30">
<collectingDate id="1B6BE9E2E90E964F40F2FBFCFBEEAC53" box="[914,1041,1051,1077]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="1987-09-30">30.IX.1987</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<specimenCode id="2F379EB1E90E964F4741FBFCFB41AC53" box="[1057,1214,1051,1077]" collectionCode="IBSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/23qr-v2gj" name="Instituto Biologico de Sao Paulo" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">IBSP 120218</specimenCode>
);
<location id="7A4E6011E90E964F47B3FBFCFA67AC53" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE90E965343F7FD8DFC89A926:7A4E6011E90E964F47B3FBFCFA67AC53" box="[1235,1432,1051,1077]" country="Brazil" county="Reserva" municipality="Fazenda Dimona" name="Rio Preto da Eva" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Rio Preto da Eva</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="9F4AACB0E90E964F43F7FBD8FEA7AC3F" box="[151,344,1087,1113]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fazenda Dimona</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="964F4E46E90E964F4204FBD8FE41AC3F" box="[356,446,1087,1113]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Reserva</collectingCounty>
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE90E964F42A5FBD8FDE4AC3F" box="[453,539,1087,1113]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">PDBFF</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
, [
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE90E964F414EFBD8FD7FAC3F" box="[558,640,1087,1113]" degrees="2" direction="south" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" precision="925" value="-2.35">2°21S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE90E964F41ECFBD9FD08AC3F" box="[652,759,1086,1113]" degrees="59" direction="west" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" precision="925" value="-59.95">59°57W</geoCoordinate>
]
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E90E964F419EFBD9FA9CAC3C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878331" box="[766,1379,1086,1114]" collectingDate="2001-12-27" collectionCode="IBSP" collectorName="F. N. N. Rego" country="Brazil" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" specimenCode="IBSP 97263" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
,
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E90E964F406AFBD8FCA7AC3F" box="[778,856,1087,1113]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<date id="0B2F100AE90E964F4003FBD8FC10AC3F" box="[867,1007,1087,1113]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="2001-12-27">
<collectingDate id="1B6BE9E2E90E964F4003FBD8FC10AC3F" box="[867,1007,1087,1113]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="2001-12-27">27.XII.2001</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="D264531CE90E964F409AFBD8FB78AC3F" box="[1018,1159,1087,1113]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">F.N.N. Rego</collectorName>
coll. (
<specimenCode id="2F379EB1E90E964F47AEFBD8FAA4AC3C" box="[1230,1371,1087,1114]" collectionCode="IBSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/23qr-v2gj" name="Instituto Biologico de Sao Paulo" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">IBSP 97263</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E90E964F43A7FB85FB06ADFB" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE90E964F43A7FB85FB06ADFB" blockId="45.[151,1437,726,1761]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90E964F43A7FB85FEBDAC1A" bold="true" box="[199,322,1122,1148]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Males of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90E964F42DAFB84FD24AC1A" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[442,731,1123,1149]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manauara" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90E964F42DAFB84FD24AC1A" box="[442,731,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Acanthoctenus manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90E964F4185FB84FCBEAC1B" bold="true" box="[741,833,1123,1149]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E90E964F4185FB84FCBEAC1B" box="[741,833,1123,1149]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE90E964F4032FB84FC55AC1B" box="[850,938,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-21@46.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 44. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., male paratype (IBSP 233864). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471548" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471548/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Figs 44</figureCitation>
DE, 45AB) resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90E964F4645FB84FA62AC1A" authorityName=", Simon" authorityYear="1906" box="[1317,1437,1123,1149]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaujoni">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90E964F4645FB84FA62AC1A" box="[1317,1437,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">A. gaujoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE90E964F43FFFB60FF0BACC7" box="[159,244,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[189,1398,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 22. Acanthoctenus gaujoni Simon, 1906, male (MNHN). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471504" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471504/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Figs 22</figureCitation>
DE, 23AB) by the palpal tibia elongated, at least 2.5 times longer than wide, and RTA elongated, longer than wide. It can be distinguished by the median apophysis basally thin, the apex more than 3 times wider than the base.
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90E964F43B6FB28FEB5AC8E" authorityName=", Simon" authorityYear="1906" box="[214,330,1231,1257]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaujoni">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90E964F43B6FB28FEB5AC8E" box="[214,330,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">A. gaujoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
presents a suboval median apophysis, the apex 1.5 times wider than the base. Females of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90E964F4649FB28FEB2AD6A" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manauara" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90E964F4649FB28FEB2AD6A" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Acanthoctenus manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90E964F4235FB14FE4FAD6B" bold="true" box="[341,432,1267,1293]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E90E964F4235FB14FE4FAD6B" box="[341,432,1267,1293]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE90E964F42A0FB14FDEAAD6B" box="[448,533,1266,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="47.[151,250,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox="[210,1374,187,1892]" captionTargetId="figure-17@47.[198,1389,181,1902]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURE 45. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., copulatory organs. AB, male palp (paratype, IBSP 233864); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (holotype, CZPB AR126); C, epigynum, ventral. D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471550/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Figs 45</figureCitation>
CD, 46D, 47) resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90E964F40F5FB14FBF3AD6A" authorityName=", Simon" authorityYear="1906" box="[917,1036,1267,1293]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaujoni">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90E964F40F5FB14FBF3AD6A" box="[917,1036,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">A. gaujoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE90E964F477BFB14FB8EAD6B" box="[1051,1137,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[190,1396,189,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-21@24.[181,1406,181,1897]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 23. Acanthoctenus gaujoni Simon, 1906, copulatory organs. AB, male palp (MNHN); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (MNHN); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471506" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471506/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Figs 23</figureCitation>
CD, 24D, 25AB) by the median sector subpentagonal, wide anteriorly, extending into the atrium, and the copulatory ducts bended apically. It can be distinguished by the lateral sectors anterior border forming a 40° angle with the median sectors longitudinal axis, and the atrium with a single anterior border.
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90E964F41A1FAB8FCC9AD1E" authorityName=", Simon" authorityYear="1906" box="[705,822,1375,1401]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaujoni">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90E964F41A1FAB8FCC9AD1E" box="[705,822,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">A. gaujoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
presents the anterior border of the lateral sectors forming a 60° angle with the median sectors longitudinal axis, and divided anterior border in the atrium.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E90E965343A7FA41FB1DA97A" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE90E964F43A7FA41FC11AE87" blockId="45.[151,1437,726,1761]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90E964F43A7FA41FD30ADA6" bold="true" box="[199,719,1446,1473]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
Description. Male (
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E90E964F42CFFA41FDE3ADA6" box="[431,540,1446,1472]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
IBSP 233864).
</emphasis>
Total length 7.93. Carapace 3.84 long and 3.29 wide. Clypeus 0.10 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.24, ALE 0.15, PME 0.28, PLE 0.32. Legs measurements: I: femur 5.98/ patella 1.82/ tibia 7.03/ metatarsus 6.41/ tarsus 1.91/ total 23.15; II: 5.13/ 1.87/ 4.89/ 5.33/1.63/ 18.85; III: 4.12/ 1.45/ 3.36/ 4.21/ 1.52/ 14.66; IV: 5.73/ 1.49/ 5.10/ 6.58/ 1.83/ 20.95. Leg formula:1423. Leg spination: tibia I and II v-2-2-2- 2-2-2-2-2-2, p-1-0-1-1-1, r-1-1-0-1-1, III and IV v-2-2-2, p-1-1-1, r-0-1-1-1; metatarsus I and II v-2-2-2-2-2, p-1- 0-1, r-0-1-1, III and IV v-2-2-2, p-1-1-1-1, r-1-1. Palp (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE90E964F4067F9BCFCA2AE13" box="[775,861,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-21@46.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 44. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., male paratype (IBSP 233864). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471548" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471548/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Figs 44</figureCitation>
DE, 45AB): tibia shorter than cymbium, slightly curved; RTA robust and elongated; cymbium elongated and with retrobasal projection; embolus elongated, cylindrical, and curved; conductor hyaline and following the tip of embolus; median apophysis laminar, elongated, narrow at the base and wider at the top, with a proapical hook and retrolateral ridge.
</paragraph>
<caption id="2BEE6642E90D964C43F7F870FDB7AFB2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471548" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471548" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471548/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" startId="46.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" targetPageId="46">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE90D964C43F7F870FDB7AFB2" blockId="46.[151,1437,1943,2004]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90D964C43F7F870FEDFAFC9" bold="true" box="[151,288,1943,1967]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">FIGURE 44.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90D964C4246F87FFDD5AFC9" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[294,554,1944,1968]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manauara" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90D964C4246F87FFDD5AFC9" box="[294,554,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Acanthoctenus manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90D964C4150F87FFD7EAFD6" bold="true" box="[560,641,1944,1968]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E90D964C4150F87FFD7EAFD6" box="[560,641,1944,1968]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, male paratype (IBSP 233864). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E90C964D43F7F861FAF7AFA5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471550" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471550/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" startId="47.[151,250,1926,1950]" targetBox="[210,1374,187,1892]" targetPageId="47">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE90C964D43F7F861FAF7AFA5" blockId="47.[151,1437,1926,1987]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90C964D43F7F861FEDEAFF8" bold="true" box="[151,289,1926,1950]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">FIGURE 45.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90C964D4249F860FDD1AFF8" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[297,558,1927,1951]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manauara" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90C964D4249F860FDD1AFF8" box="[297,558,1927,1951]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Acanthoctenus manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90C964D4156F860FD78AFF9" bold="true" box="[566,647,1927,1951]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E90C964D4156F860FD78AFF9" box="[566,647,1927,1951]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, copulatory organs. AB, male palp (paratype, IBSP 233864); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (holotype, CZPB AR126); C, epigynum, ventral. D, internal genitalia, dorsal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E913965243F7F9ABFE39AEEE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471552" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471552/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" startId="48.[151,250,1612,1636]" targetBox="[164,1423,181,1582]" targetPageId="48">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE913965243F7F9ABFE39AEEE" blockId="48.[151,1436,1612,1672]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E913965243F7F9ABFEDCAE02" bold="true" box="[151,291,1612,1636]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">FIGURE 46.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E9139652424DF9ABFDCBAE02" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[301,564,1612,1636]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manauara" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9139652424DF9ABFDCBAE02" box="[301,564,1612,1636]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Acanthoctenus manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9139652415EF9AAFD6EAE03" bold="true" box="[574,657,1613,1637]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E9139652415EF9AAFD6EAE03" box="[574,657,1613,1637]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, female holotype (CZPB AR126). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE913965243A7F950FADFAF97" blockId="48.[151,1437,1718,2033]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E913965243A7F950FDABAEB6" bold="true" box="[199,596,1718,1745]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
Female (
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E9139652424FF951FE68AEB6" box="[303,407,1718,1744]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
CZPB AR126).
</emphasis>
Total length 9.68. Carapace 3.95 long and 3.14 wide. Clypeus 0.28 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.25, ALE 0.19, PME 0.27, PLE 0.30. Leg measurements: I: femur 4.37/ patella 1.88/ tibia 4.81/ metatarsus 4.08/ tarsus 1.34/ total 16.48; II: 4.09/ 1.73/ 3.75/ 3.58/ 1.14/ 14.29; III: 3.38/ 1.27/ 2.59/ 2.80/ 1.21/ 11.25; IV: 3.95/ 1.20/ 3.58/ 3.88/ 1.59/ 14.2. Leg formula 1243. Leg spination: tibia I and II v-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2, p- 1-1-1-1-1, r-0-1-1-0, III v-2-2-2, p-1-1-1, r-1-1-1, IV v-2-2-2, p-1-1, r-1-1; metatarsus I and II v2-2-2-2-2, p-1, r-1, III v-2-2-2, p-1-1-, r-1-1, IV v-2-2-2, p1-1-1, r-0-1-0. Epigynum (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9139652400CF88CFC3FAFE3" box="[876,960,1898,1925]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="47.[151,250,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox="[210,1374,187,1892]" captionTargetId="figure-17@47.[198,1389,181,1902]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURE 45. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., copulatory organs. AB, male palp (paratype, IBSP 233864); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (holotype, CZPB AR126); C, epigynum, ventral. D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471550/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Figs 45</figureCitation>
CD, 46D, 47): median sector subpentagonal, wide anteriorly extending into the atrium, projected posteriorly; anterior border of the lateral sectors straight; atrium massive, subquadrangular; copulatory ducts bended apically, S-shaped; spermathecae head quote-shaped, with apical glandular openings, spermathecae base curled; fertilization ducts tubular, slanting outwards.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE912965343A7FF71FF21A8B2" blockId="49.[151,1436,150,321]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E912965343A7FF71FEBEA8D6" bold="true" box="[199,321,150,176]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Variation:</emphasis>
Four females: total body length 7.268.61, carapace length 2.474.38; two males: 7.708.72, 3.37 4.16.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE912965343A7FF39FB1DA97A" blockId="49.[151,1436,150,321]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E912965343A7FF39FE7AA89E" bold="true" box="[199,389,222,248]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Natural history.</emphasis>
Females of this species have been collected inside shelters under leaf sheath and dry leaves of palms and similar plants (
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E912965342D8FEE4FD57A97B" authority="G. Mey" authorityName="G. Mey" box="[440,680,258,285]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Astrocaryum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E912965342D8FEE4FDB7A97B" box="[440,584,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Astrocaryum</emphasis>
G. Mey
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E912965341D3FEE5FCB8A97B" authority="Kunt" authorityName="Kunt" box="[691,839,258,285]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Attalea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E912965341D3FEE5FCFBA97A" box="[691,772,258,284]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Attalea</emphasis>
Kunt
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E91296534032FEE4FC6FA97A" box="[850,912,259,284]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" genus="Musa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E91296534032FEE4FC6FA97A" box="[850,912,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Musa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.; and
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E9129653408DFEE4FBAEA97A" box="[1005,1105,259,284]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cypraeidae" genus="Mauritia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9129653408DFEE4FBAEA97A" box="[1005,1105,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Mauritia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9129653471EFEE5FB2AA97A" box="[1150,1237,258,284]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,885,909]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,861]" captionTargetId="figure-21@2.[151,1435,181,861]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov. A, immature exuviae under palm leaf sheath; B, female outside shelter in palm leaf sheath (arrow pointing to shelter entrance)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471458" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471458/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E912965343A7FEC1FC89A926" box="[199,886,294,321]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE912965343A7FEC1FC89A926" blockId="49.[151,1436,150,321]" box="[199,886,294,321]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E912965343A7FEC1FE9EA926" bold="true" box="[199,353,294,320]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Distribution.</emphasis>
Northern
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE912965342B4FEC1FDE4A926" box="[468,539,294,320]" name="Brazil" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, state of Amazonas (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE91296534063FEC1FC96A926" box="[771,873,294,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E910965143F7F908FE4AAF6F" box="[151,437,1775,1801]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Acanthoctenus mammifer</emphasis>
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„o, 1939: 528, figs 1113 (male
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from S„o
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,
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, deposited in
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, examined).—
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<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E910965143F7F8D0FF29AF37" bold="true" box="[151,214,1847,1873]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Note.</emphasis>
The transference of
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to
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is established by the following characters: embolus with laminated base and median apophysis massive (Mello-Leit„o, 1939: figs 1113). Males of
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<heading id="246681A6E912965343F7FB41FDE5ACA7" bold="true" box="[151,538,1190,1217]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" reason="1">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E912965343F7FB41FDE5ACA7" bold="true" box="[151,538,1190,1217]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E912965343F7FB41FE4AACA7" ID-CoL="98ZBR" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,437,1190,1217]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="torotoro" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E912965343F7FB41FE4AACA7" bold="true" box="[151,437,1190,1217]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Acanthoctenus torotoro</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E912965342DDFB40FDE5ACA7" box="[445,538,1191,1217]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E912965343F7FB2DFEA4AC83" box="[151,347,1226,1253]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE912965343F7FB2DFEA4AC83" blockId="49.[151,538,1190,1253]" box="[151,347,1226,1253]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE912965343F7FB2DFF21AC83" box="[151,222,1226,1253]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-21@4.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Acanthoctenus torotoro sp. nov., male live specimen (holotype, UFMG 22307) on log, Torotoro Canyon.A, dorsolateral, left view; B, dorsal (arrow to tufts of setae) (Photos by Pedro H. Martins)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471462/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Figs 4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9129653438AFB2CFEF7AC83" box="[234,264,1227,1253]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">10</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE91296534274FB2CFEA4AC83" box="[276,347,1227,1253]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 48" captionStart-1="FIGURE 49" captionStartId-0="50.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionStartId-1="51.[151,250,1530,1554]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,181,1897]" captionTargetBox-1="[157,1420,198,1493]" captionTargetId-0="figure-21@50.[151,1435,181,1897]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@51.[150,1436,181,1506]" captionTargetPageId-0="50" captionTargetPageId-1="51" captionText-0="FIGURE 48. Acanthoctenus torotoro sp. nov., male holotype (UFMG 22307). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." captionText-1="FIGURE 49. Acanthoctenus torotoro sp. nov., male holotype (UFMG 22307). AB, male palp; A, ventral; B, retrolateral." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471556" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471558" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4471556/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4471558/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">4849</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E912965343F7FAF4FBE0AD37" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE912965343F7FAF4FBE0AD37" blockId="49.[151,1437,1298,1973]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E912965343F7FAF4FEBBAD4A" bold="true" box="[151,324,1298,1325]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E9129653422AFAF5FBE4AD37" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878310" collectingDate="2017-07-15" collectionCode="UFMG" collectorName="A. Anker &amp; P. H. Martins" country="Bolivia" county="Charcas" latitude="-18.113222" location="Male" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-65.77451" municipality="Torotoro Canyon" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCode="UFMG 22307" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Potosi" typeStatus="holotype">
<location id="7A4E6011E9129653422AFAF5FE7BAD4A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE912965343F7FB41FBBCAFD3:7A4E6011E9129653422AFAF5FE7BAD4A" box="[330,388,1298,1324]" country="Bolivia" county="Charcas" latitude="-18.113222" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-65.77451" municipality="Torotoro Canyon" name="Male" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" stateProvince="Potosi">Male</location>
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E912965342EAFAF5FE13AD4A" box="[394,492,1298,1324]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
from
<collectingMunicipality id="9F4AACB0E9129653414EFAF4FD0FAD4B" box="[558,752,1299,1325]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Torotoro Canyon</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="964F4E46E9129653419AFAF5FCA8AD4A" box="[762,855,1298,1324]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Charcas</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E91296534001FAF4FBCBAD4B" box="[865,1076,1299,1325]" country="Bolivia" name="Potosi" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Potosí Department</collectingRegion>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE9129653475FFAF5FB24AD4A" box="[1087,1243,1298,1324]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" precision="1" seconds="47.6" value="-18.113222">18°0647.6”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE91296534785FAF5FA67AD4B" box="[1253,1432,1298,1325]" degrees="65" direction="west" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" precision="1" seconds="28.24" value="-65.77451">65°4628.24”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE912965343F7FAD1FF13AD36" box="[151,236,1334,1360]" name="Bolivia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="0B2F100AE91296534398FAD1FE7CAD37" box="[248,387,1334,1361]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="2017-07-15">
<collectingDate id="1B6BE9E2E91296534398FAD1FE7CAD37" box="[248,387,1334,1361]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="2017-07-15">15.VII.2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="D264531CE912965342EDFAD0FE0BAD36" box="[397,500,1334,1361]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">A. Anker</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="D264531CE91296534177FAD0FD5BAD36" box="[535,676,1334,1361]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">P.H. Martins</collectorName>
coll., deposited in
<specimenCode id="2F379EB1E91296534019FAD0FBE4AD37" box="[889,1051,1335,1361]" collectionCode="UFMG" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z0ie-wfm6" name="Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">UFMG 22307</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E912965343A7FABCFE06ADFE" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE912965343A7FABCFE06ADFE" blockId="49.[151,1437,1298,1973]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E912965343A7FABCFEB1AD13" bold="true" box="[199,334,1371,1397]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species name is a toponym in apposition referring to the
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E91296534761FABCFBCEAD13" box="[1025,1073,1371,1397]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">type</typeStatus>
locality. It is a word in the Quechua language meaning “mud”.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E912965343A7FA45FE53AE4E" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE912965343A7FA45FE53AE4E" blockId="49.[151,1437,1298,1973]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E912965343A7FA45FEBDADDA" bold="true" box="[199,322,1442,1468]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Males of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E912965342CFFA45FD4AADDA" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[431,693,1442,1468]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="torotoro" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E912965342CFFA45FD4AADDA" box="[431,693,1442,1468]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Acanthoctenus torotoro</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E912965341DCFA44FCEAADDB" bold="true" box="[700,789,1443,1469]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E912965341DCFA44FCEAADDB" box="[700,789,1443,1469]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE91296534042FA45FC89ADDB" box="[802,886,1442,1469]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1897]" captionTargetId="figure-21@50.[151,1435,181,1897]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 48. Acanthoctenus torotoro sp. nov., male holotype (UFMG 22307). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471556" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471556/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Figs 48</figureCitation>
DE, 49) resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E912965347CCFA44FAC2ADDA" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[1196,1341,1443,1469]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manauara" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E912965347CCFA44FAC2ADDA" box="[1196,1341,1443,1469]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">A. manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E91296534624FA44FA63ADDB" bold="true" box="[1348,1436,1443,1469]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E91296534624FA44FA63ADDB" box="[1348,1436,1443,1469]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE912965343FFFA21FF0AAD87" box="[159,245,1478,1505]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-21@46.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 44. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., male paratype (IBSP 233864). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471548" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471548/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Figs 44</figureCitation>
DE, 45AB) by the palpal tibia elongated, at least 2.5 times longer than wide, and RTA elongated, longer than wide. It can be distinguished by the embolus straight, not bended basally.
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E91296534747FA0CFB43AE62" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[1063,1212,1515,1541]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manauara" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E91296534747FA0CFB43AE62" box="[1063,1212,1515,1541]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">A. manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E912965347A5FA0CFADEAE63" bold="true" box="[1221,1313,1515,1541]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E912965347A5FA0CFADEAE63" box="[1221,1313,1515,1541]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
presents a basally bended embolus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E912965343A7F9D5FE5DAFF6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE912965343A7F9D5FB40AF0A" blockId="49.[151,1437,1298,1973]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E912965343A7F9D5FD2CAE2A" bold="true" box="[199,723,1586,1613]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
Description. Male (
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E912965342CEF9D5FDE9AE2A" box="[430,534,1586,1612]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
UFMG 22307).
</emphasis>
Total length 8.32. Carapace 3.98 long and 3.34 wide. Clypeus 0.15 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.26, ALE 0.17, PME 0.27, PLE 0.35. Leg measurements: I: femur 6.51/ patella 2.01/ tibia 7.53/ metatarsus 6.78/ tarsus 2.00/ total 24.83; II: 5.37/ 1.99/ 5.16/ 4.94/ 1.58/ 19.04; III: 4.32/ 1.57/ 3.80/ 4.45/ 1.49/ 15.63; IV: 6.11/ 1.55/ 5.25/ 7.25/ 2.23/ 22.39. Leg formula 1423. Leg spination: tibia I and II v-2-2-2- 2-2-2-2-2-2, p-1-0-1-1, r-0-1-1-0, III v-2-2-2, p-1-1, r-1-1-1, IV v-2-2-2, p-1-1, r-1-1; metatarsus I, II v2-2-2-2-2, p-1-1, r-1, III v-2-2-2, p-1-1-1, r-1-1, IV v1-1-1-1-1, p1-1-, r-1-1-1. Palp (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE912965340B2F901FBD8AF67" box="[978,1063,1766,1793]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1897]" captionTargetId="figure-21@50.[151,1435,181,1897]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 48. Acanthoctenus torotoro sp. nov., male holotype (UFMG 22307). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471556" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471556/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Figs 48</figureCitation>
DE, 49): tibia shorter than cymbium, slightly curved; RTA elongated with bifid tip; cymbium elongated and with retrobasal projection; embolus elongated, cylindrical, and bent; conductor hyaline and following the tip of embolus; median apophysis laminar, elongated, narrow at the base and wider at the top, with a proapical hook and retrolateral ridge.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE912965343A7F890FE5DAFF6" blockId="49.[151,1437,1298,1973]" box="[199,418,1910,1937]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E912965343A7F890FEDAAFF7" bold="true" box="[199,293,1911,1937]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Female.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E912965343A7F87DFBBCAFD3" box="[199,1091,1946,1973]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE912965343A7F87DFBBCAFD3" blockId="49.[151,1437,1298,1973]" box="[199,1091,1946,1973]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E912965343A7F87DFE9EAFD2" bold="true" box="[199,353,1946,1972]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Distribution.</emphasis>
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E91296534100F87CFD6FAFD3" box="[608,656,1947,1973]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">type</typeStatus>
locality in western
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE9129653400DF87DFC40AFD2" box="[877,959,1946,1972]" name="Bolivia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE912965340AFF87DFBC9AFD3" box="[975,1078,1946,1973]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,768 @@
<document id="AC42C1D9255079AFAE48A72E82FF73AB" ID-CLB-Dataset="8507" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4920.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8cd8a768-c115-4b2e-8167-f9ae52eb4f80" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471454" ID-ZooBank="89E38EAD-A8D2-4ED9-A7D0-8C388A785E61" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1611745873741" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Arizala, Stephany, Labarque, Facundo Martín &amp; Polotow, Daniele" docDate="2021" docId="F73887DCE926966943F7F8E8FAC8AA5B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4920.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4920 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Acanthoctenus Keyserling 1877" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="12" masterDocId="0B01FFA4E92396624360FFE7FFFFA866" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Neotropical spider genus Acanthoctenus (Araneae: Ctenidae Acanthocteninae)" masterLastPageNumber="55" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1698925626463" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="A2F2CFE2F61D9E55624DE1A1F9013862">Revision of the Neotropical spider genus Acanthoctenus (Araneae: Ctenidae Acanthocteninae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="415C9BFF01664BF924895130BEA21241" type="personal">
<mods:role id="3E2D8D8D3414D5068FB9A24838C06CCC">
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<mods:namePart id="13F3955765EDE15BAE24B7F354DF0541">Arizala, Stephany</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="EEEEECCBA015F06D6C79C67B8A9A4C5A">Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, (PG-IB / UNICAMP), Bloco O CP- 6109. Av. Bertrand Russel s / n. CEP 13083 - 865 Campinas, SP, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7AE1CB242C66EF5572341E96897D5A35">Labarque, Facundo Martín</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FA71F1E716FFB0140436BC68CF1886E8">Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva (DEBE), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus São Paulo. Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, CEP 13565 - 905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil. &amp; facundo. labarque @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9413 - 1949</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C495558C48FD87884DCF974313C1DAB3" type="email">facundo.labarque@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:role id="9B4637F13EB658E45BE4AA800DE0E3C8">
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<mods:namePart id="554414FDC3E5E232C568275DF1B12805">Polotow, Daniele</mods:namePart>
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Genus
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<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9269667438EF8E8FE5CAF4C" bold="true" box="[238,419,1807,1834]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Acanthoctenus</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E926966743F7F8B3FED3AF0A" box="[151,300,1876,1900]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Acanthoctenus</emphasis>
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, plate 8, fig. 60.
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species
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<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92696674038F8B3FBB7AF0D" box="[856,1096,1876,1900]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Acanthoctenus spiniger</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92696674730F8B3FAFCAF0A" author="Keyserling, E. G." box="[1104,1283,1876,1900]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="609 - 708" refId="ref19313" refString="Keyserling, E. G. (1877) Ueber amerikanische spinnenarten der Unterordnung Citigradae. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-K ˆ niglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 26, 609 - 708." type="journal article" year="1877">Keyserling, 1877</bibRefCitation>
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, designated by
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE926966743A7F895FE75AFEC" author="Simon, E." box="[199,394,1906,1930]" page="229" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1892">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE926966743A7F895FE75AFEC" author="Simon, E." box="[199,394,1906,1930]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref20064" refString="Simon, E. (1892) Histoire naturelle des araignees. Vol. 1. Roret, Paris, 256 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 51973" type="book" year="1892">Simon (1892: 229)</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE926966742C8F895FD9FAFEC" author="Simon, E." box="[424,608,1906,1930]" page="430" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1893">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE926966742C8F895FD9FAFEC" author="Simon, E." box="[424,608,1906,1930]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="423 - 462" refId="ref20101" refString="Simon, E. (1893) Voyage de M. E. Simon au Venezuela (Decembre 1887 - Avril 1888). 21 e Memoire. Arachnides (1). Familles des Uloboridae, Zoropsidae, Dictynidae, Oecobiidae, Filistatidae, Sicariidae, Leptonetidae, Oonopidae, Dysderidae, Caponiidae, Prodidomidae, Drassidae, Palpimanidae et Zodariidae. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 61 (4, for 1892), 423 - 462." type="journal article" year="1893">Simon 1893: 430</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—F.O.
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE926966741D0F895FC1AAFEC" author="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O." box="[688,997,1906,1930]" page="101" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1897">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE926966741D0F895FC1AAFEC" author="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O." box="[688,997,1906,1930]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="52 - 106" refId="ref19572" refString="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O. (1897) On cteniform spiders from the lower Amazons and other regions of North and South America, with a list of all known species of these groups hitherto recorded from the New World. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 (19), 52 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939708680507" type="journal article" year="1897">Pickard-Cambridge 1897: 101</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE92696674765F895FB43AFEC" author="Dahl, F." box="[1029,1212,1906,1930]" page="186" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1901">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92696674765F895FB43AFEC" author="Dahl, F." box="[1029,1212,1906,1930]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="244 - 255" refId="ref18897" refString="Dahl, F. (1901 b) Nachtrag zur Uebersicht der Zoropsiden. Sitzungs-Berichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freuden, Berlin, 1901, 244 - 255." type="journal article" year="1901">Dahl, 1901b: 186</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—F.O.
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE9269667466EF895FE88AFCF" author="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O." page="354" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1902">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9269667466EF895FE88AFCF" author="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O." pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="313 - 424" refId="ref19640" refString="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O. (1902) Arachnida - Araneida and Opiliones. Biologia Centrali-Americana, Zoology, 2, 313 - 424." type="journal article" year="1902">Pickard-Cambridge 1902: 354</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE926966742F4F876FDB2AFCF" author="Tullgren, A." box="[404,589,1937,1961]" page="19" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1905">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE926966742F4F876FDB2AFCF" author="Tullgren, A." box="[404,589,1937,1961]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 81" refId="ref20345" refString="Tullgren, A. (1905) Araneida from the Swedish expedition through the Gran Chaco and the Cordilleras. Arkiv f ˆ r Zoologi, 2 (19), 1 - 81. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 4543" type="journal article" year="1905">Tullgren 1905: 19</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE9269667410CF876FCF3AFCF" author="Kraus, O." box="[620,780,1937,1961]" page="51" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1955">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9269667410CF876FCF3AFCF" author="Kraus, O." box="[620,780,1937,1961]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref19345" refString="Kraus, O. (1955) Spinnen aus El Salvador (Arachnoidea, Araneae). Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 493, 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1955">Kraus 1955: 51</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE9269667404AF876FC21AFCF" author="Simon, E." box="[810,990,1937,1961]" page="288" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9269667404AF876FC21AFCF" author="Simon, E." box="[810,990,1937,1961]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="284 - 308" refId="ref20184" refString="Simon, E. (1906) Etude sur les araignees de la section des cribellates. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 50, 284 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 19947" type="journal article" year="1906">Simon 1906: 288</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE9269667409CF876FB50AFCF" author="Strand, E." box="[1020,1199,1937,1961]" page="402" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1909">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9269667409CF876FB50AFCF" author="Strand, E." box="[1020,1199,1937,1961]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="401 - 428" refId="ref19962" refString="Strand, E. (1909) Neue oder wenig bekannte neotropisch ctenifore spinnen des Berlier Museums. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographuie und Biologie der Tiere, 28, 401 - 428." type="journal article" year="1909">Strand 1909: 402</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE926966747ABF876FF1FAFA1" author="Petrunkevitch, A." page="95" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1925">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE926966747ABF876FF1FAFA1" author="Petrunkevitch, A." pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="51 - 248" refId="ref19545" refString="Petrunkevitch, A. (1925) Arachnida from Panama. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 27, 51 - 248." type="journal article" year="1925">Petrunkevitch 1925: 95</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—Mello-Leit„o 1936: 181.—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE92696674171F857FD16AFA1" author="Reimoser, E." box="[529,745,1967,1992]" page="364" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1939">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92696674171F857FD16AFA1" author="Reimoser, E." box="[529,745,1967,1992]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="328 - 386" refId="ref19928" refString="Reimoser, E. (1939) Wissenshaftliche Ergebnisse der ˆ sterreichischen biologischen Expedition nach Costa Rica. Die Spinnenfauna. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 50, 328 - 386." type="journal article" year="1939">Reimoser 1939: 364</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—Mello-Leit„o 1945: 256.—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE9269667477EF848FAD1AFA1" author="Soares, B. A. M. &amp; Soares, H. E. M." box="[1054,1326,1967,1992]" page="53" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1946">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9269667477EF848FAD1AFA1" author="Soares, B. A. M. &amp; Soares, H. E. M." box="[1054,1326,1967,1992]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="51 - 72" refId="ref20229" refString="Soares, B. A. M. &amp; Soares, H. E. M. (1946) Contribuic &quot; o ao estudo das aranhas do estado do Espirito Santo. Papeis Avulsos do Departamento de Zoologia, 7, 51 - 72." type="journal article" year="1946">Soares &amp; Soares 1946: 53</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE9269667462CF848FEA8AF80" author="Caporiacco, L. di" page="28" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1947">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9269667462CF848FEA8AF80" author="Caporiacco, L. di" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="20 - 34" refId="ref18636" refString="Caporiacco, L. di (1947) Diagnosi preliminar de specie nuove di aracnidi della Guiana Brittanica raccolte dai Professori Beccari e Romiti. Monitore zoologico Italiano, 56, 20 - 34." type="journal article" year="1947">Caporiacco 1947: 28</bibRefCitation>
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,
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE92696674202F829FE35AF80" author="Caporiacco, L. di" box="[354,458,1998,2022]" page="684" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1948">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92696674202F829FE35AF80" author="Caporiacco, L. di" box="[354,458,1998,2022]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="607 - 747" refId="ref18671" refString="Caporiacco, L. di (1948) Arachnida of British Guiana collected in 1931 and 1936 by Professors Beccari and Romiti. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 118 (3), 607 - 747. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1948. tb 00402. x" type="journal article" year="1948">1948: 684</bibRefCitation>
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,
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE926966742B4F829FDC5AF80" author="Caporiacco, L. di" box="[468,570,1998,2022]" page="290" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1955">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE926966742B4F829FDC5AF80" author="Caporiacco, L. di" box="[468,570,1998,2022]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="265 - 448" refId="ref18730" refString="Caporiacco, L. di (1955) Estudios sobre los aracnidos de Venezuela. 2 ª parte: Araneae. Acta Biologica Venezuelica, 1, 265 - 448." type="journal article" year="1955">1955: 290</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE92696674137F829FCD7AF80" author="Chickering, A. M." box="[599,808,1998,2022]" page="81" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1960">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92696674137F829FCD7AF80" author="Chickering, A. M." box="[599,808,1998,2022]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="81 - 86" refId="ref18761" refString="Chickering, A. M. (1960) A new Acanthoctenus (Araneae: Acanthoctenidae) from Jamaica, W. I. Psyche, 67, 81 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.1155 / 1960 / 26951" type="journal article" year="1960">Chickering 1960: 81</bibRefCitation>
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.—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE92696674025F829FBF0AF80" author="Lehtinen, P. T." box="[837,1039,1998,2022]" page="208" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92696674025F829FBF0AF80" author="Lehtinen, P. T." box="[837,1039,1998,2022]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="199 - 468" refId="ref19374" refString="Lehtinen, P. T. (1967) Classification of the Cribellate Spiders and some allied families: with notes on the evolution of the subor- der Araneomorpha. Annales Zoologici Fennici, 4, 199 - 468." type="journal article" year="1967">Lehtinen 1967: 208</bibRefCitation>
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.—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE9269667474DF829FAB7AF80" author="Forster, R. R. &amp; Wilton, C. L." box="[1069,1352,1998,2022]" page="293" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1973">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9269667474DF829FAB7AF80" author="Forster, R. R. &amp; Wilton, C. L." box="[1069,1352,1998,2022]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 309" refId="ref19002" refString="Forster, R. R. &amp; Wilton, C. L. (1973) The spiders of New Zealand. Part IV. Otago Museum Bulletin, 4, 1 - 309." type="journal article" year="1973">Forster &amp; Wilton 1973: 293</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—Griswold 1993: 3.—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE9259664420DFF70FDB5A8C9" author="Bosselaers, J." box="[365,586,151,175]" page="141" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="2002">
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.—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE92596644108FF70FCBEA8C9" author="Silva-Davila, D." box="[616,833,151,175]" page="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92596644108FF70FCBEA8C9" author="Silva-Davila, D." box="[616,833,151,175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 86" refId="ref19999" refString="Silva-Davila, D. (2003) Higher-level relationships of the spider family Ctenidae (Araneae: Ctenoidea). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 247, 1 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.1206 / 0003 - 0090 (2003) 274 % 3 C 0001: HLROTS % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2003">Silva-Dávila 2003: 3</bibRefCitation>
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.—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE9259664403FFF70FBA0A8C9" author="Griswold, C. E. &amp; Ramirez, M. J. &amp; Coddington, J. A. &amp; Platnick, N. I." box="[863,1119,150,175]" page="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="2005">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9259664403FFF70FBA0A8C9" author="Griswold, C. E. &amp; Ramirez, M. J. &amp; Coddington, J. A. &amp; Platnick, N. I." box="[863,1119,150,175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 324" refId="ref19088" refString="Griswold, C. E., Ramirez, M. J., Coddington, J. A. &amp; Platnick, N. I. (2005) Atlas of phylogenetic data for entelegyne spiders (Araneae: Araneomorphae: Entelegynae) with comments on their phylogeny. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Supplement II, 56, 1 - 324." type="journal article" year="2005">
Griswold
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E925966440A9FF70FC07A8C9" box="[969,1016,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al</emphasis>
. 2005: 17
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE9259664471DFF70FF10A8AB" author="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D." page="706" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="2008">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9259664471DFF70FF10A8AB" author="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D." pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="705 - 715" refId="ref19666" refString="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D. (2008) Revision of the Neotropical spider genus Gephyroctenus (Araneae: Ctenidae: Calocteninae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 25 (4), 705 - 715. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81752008000400016" type="journal article" year="2008">Polotow &amp; Brescovit 2008: 706</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
,
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE9259664439AFF52FEA9A8AB" author="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D." box="[250,342,181,205]" page="40" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="2012">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9259664439AFF52FEA9A8AB" author="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D." box="[250,342,181,205]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="39 - 46" refId="ref19722" refString="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D. (2012) An update on tropical Ctenidae from Jamaica (Arachnida, Araneae). Zootaxa, 3481 (1), 39 - 46. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3481.1.3" type="journal article" year="2012">2012: 40</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
,
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE92596644200FF52FE39A8AB" author="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D." box="[352,454,181,205]" page="334" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92596644200FF52FE39A8AB" author="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D." box="[352,454,181,205]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="333 - 361" refId="ref19772" refString="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D. (2014) Phylogenetic analysis of the tropical wolf spider subfamily Cteninae (Arachnida, Araneae, Ctenidae) Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 170, 333 - 361. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12101" type="journal article" year="2014">2014: 334</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE92596644283FF52FD64A8AB" author="Ramirez, M." box="[483,667,181,205]" page="28" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92596644283FF52FD64A8AB" author="Ramirez, M." box="[483,667,181,205]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 374" refId="ref19882" refString="Ramirez, M. J (2014) The morphology and phylogeny of dionychan spiders (Araneae: Araneomorpha). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 390, 1 - 374. https: // doi. org / 10.1206 / 821.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Ramirez 2014: 28</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE925966441D8FF52FC4CA8AB" author="Polotow, D. &amp; Carmichael, A. &amp; Griswold, C. E." box="[696,947,181,205]" page="134" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="2015">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE925966441D8FF52FC4CA8AB" author="Polotow, D. &amp; Carmichael, A. &amp; Griswold, C. E." box="[696,947,181,205]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="124 - 163" refId="ref19827" refString="Polotow, D., Carmichael, A. &amp; Griswold, C. E. (2015) Total evidence analysis of the phylogenetic relationships of Lycosoidea spiders (Araneae, Entelegynae). Invertebrate Systematics, 29, 124 - 163. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 14041" type="journal article" year="2015">
Polotow
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92596644076FF51FCBDA8AB" box="[790,834,181,205]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al</emphasis>
. 2015: 134
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE925966440B0FF52FB12A8AB" author="World Spider Catalog" box="[976,1261,181,205]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref20394" refString="World Spider Catalog (2020) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern, Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 6 June 2020) https: // doi. org / 10.24436 / 2" type="book" year="2020">World Spider Catalog 2020</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE925966443F7FF33FDC3A96D" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,267]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5F8111E4E925966443F7FF33FDC3A96D" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE925966443F7FF33FE34A88A" author="Kraus, O." box="[151,459,212,236]" page="51" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1955">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E925966443F7FF33FE34A88A" authority="Kraus, 1955: 51" authorityName="Kraus" authorityPageNumber="51" authorityYear="1955" box="[151,459,212,236]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Paracantheis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E925966443F7FF33FEE1A88A" box="[151,286,212,236]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Paracantheis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92596644245FF33FE34A88A" author="Kraus, O." box="[293,459,212,236]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref19345" refString="Kraus, O. (1955) Spinnen aus El Salvador (Arachnoidea, Araneae). Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 493, 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1955">Kraus, 1955: 51</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E925966442B6FF33FDF7A88A" box="[470,520,212,236]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E9259664413FFF33FC3BA88A" authority="Kraus, 1955" authorityName="Kraus" authorityYear="1955" box="[607,964,212,236]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Paracantheis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virginea">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9259664413FFF33FCBFA88A" box="[607,832,212,236]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Paracantheis virginea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92596644027FF33FC3BA88A" author="Kraus, O." box="[839,964,212,236]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref19345" refString="Kraus, O. (1955) Spinnen aus El Salvador (Arachnoidea, Araneae). Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 493, 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1955">Kraus, 1955</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by original designation.—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE925966447B3FF33FA63A88A" author="Lehtinen, P. T." box="[1235,1436,212,236]" page="256" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE925966447B3FF33FA63A88A" author="Lehtinen, P. T." box="[1235,1436,212,236]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="199 - 468" refId="ref19374" refString="Lehtinen, P. T. (1967) Classification of the Cribellate Spiders and some allied families: with notes on the evolution of the subor- der Araneomorpha. Annales Zoologici Fennici, 4, 199 - 468." type="journal article" year="1967">Lehtinen 1967: 256</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(Syn).—
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9259664427AFF14FDC7A96D" author="World Spider Catalog" box="[282,568,243,267]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref20394" refString="World Spider Catalog (2020) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern, Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 6 June 2020) https: // doi. org / 10.24436 / 2" type="book" year="2020">World Spider Catalog 2020</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E925966443F7FEDFFCBCABF5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE925966443F7FEDFFCBCABF5" blockId="6.[151,1437,312,2043]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E925966443F7FEDFFEEDA934" bold="true" box="[151,274,312,338]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92596644278FEDEFE42A935" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[280,445,313,339]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92596644278FEDEFE42A935" box="[280,445,313,339]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Acanthoctenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species resemble other
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E925966441A7FEDEFC7CA935" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1897" box="[711,899,313,339]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acanthocteninae">Acanthocteninae</taxonomicName>
as
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E925966440C8FEDEFBC1A935" authorityName="Badcock" authorityYear="1932" box="[936,1086,313,339]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Nothroctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E925966440C8FEDEFBC1A935" box="[936,1086,313,339]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Nothroctenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92596644715FEDEFB17A935" authorityName="Lehtinen" authorityYear="1967" box="[1141,1256,313,339]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Viracucha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92596644715FEDEFB17A935" box="[1141,1256,313,339]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Viracucha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of a cribellum and calamistrum (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9259664416AFEBAFD7AA911" box="[522,645,349,376]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female. A, left chelicera, retromargin (arrow to thickened setae); B, ocular area, frontal; C, lorum of the pedicel (divided), dorsal; D, tufts of setae on opisthosoma; E, divided cribellum; F, cribellar spigots clumped in short, longitudinal linear rows." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471466" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471466/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 5E, F</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966441F2FEBAFD4BA91E" box="[658,692,349,376]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female. AD: leg I; A, trichobothria; B, tarsal organ; C, distal tarsus showing claw tufts; D, small third tarsal claw (arrow); E, leg IV, oval calamistrum (arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471468" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471468/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">6E</figureCitation>
), three retromarginal teeth on the chelicerae (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966447D9FEBAFAECA91E" box="[1209,1299,349,376]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female. A, left chelicera, retromargin (arrow to thickened setae); B, ocular area, frontal; C, lorum of the pedicel (divided), dorsal; D, tufts of setae on opisthosoma; E, divided cribellum; F, cribellar spigots clumped in short, longitudinal linear rows." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471466" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471466/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92596644641FEBAFEB9A9FD" author="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D." pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="333 - 361" refId="ref19772" refString="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D. (2014) Phylogenetic analysis of the tropical wolf spider subfamily Cteninae (Arachnida, Araneae, Ctenidae) Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 170, 333 - 361. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12101" type="journal article" year="2014">Polotow &amp; Brescovit 2014</bibRefCitation>
: char. 64) and the distal pair of spines on tibia I distant from the apical margin of tibia (
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92596644640FE66FEB8A9D9" author="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D." pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="333 - 361" refId="ref19772" refString="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D. (2014) Phylogenetic analysis of the tropical wolf spider subfamily Cteninae (Arachnida, Araneae, Ctenidae) Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 170, 333 - 361. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12101" type="journal article" year="2014">Polotow &amp; Brescovit 2014</bibRefCitation>
: char. 73). Males resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92596644185FE42FC84A9D9" authorityName="Badcock" authorityYear="1932" box="[741,891,421,447]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Nothroctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92596644185FE42FC84A9D9" box="[741,891,421,447]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Nothroctenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E925966440D4FE42FBD8A9D9" authorityName="Lehtinen" authorityYear="1967" box="[948,1063,421,447]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Viracucha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E925966440D4FE42FBD8A9D9" box="[948,1063,421,447]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Viracucha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the palp with swollen patella (
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE925966443FFFE2EFE27A985" author="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D." box="[159,472,457,483]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="333 - 361" refId="ref19772" refString="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D. (2014) Phylogenetic analysis of the tropical wolf spider subfamily Cteninae (Arachnida, Araneae, Ctenidae) Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 170, 333 - 361. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12101" type="journal article" year="2014">Polotow &amp; Brescovit 2014</bibRefCitation>
: char. 1, fig. 5a), retrolateral cymbial process (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644096FE2EFBACA985" box="[1014,1107,457,483]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1716,1740]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., male left palp (MCZ). A, general view, ventral; B, apical bulb detail, ventral (asterisk to proapical hook); C, cymbium, apical (asterisk to modified setae); D, detail, modified cymbium setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471472" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471472/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92596644701FE2EFA67A985" author="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D." box="[1121,1432,457,483]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="333 - 361" refId="ref19772" refString="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D. (2014) Phylogenetic analysis of the tropical wolf spider subfamily Cteninae (Arachnida, Araneae, Ctenidae) Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 170, 333 - 361. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12101" type="journal article" year="2014">Polotow &amp; Brescovit 2014</bibRefCitation>
: char. 16, fig. 5A;
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9259664423DFE0AFDD2AA61" author="Silva-Davila, D." box="[349,557,493,519]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 86" refId="ref19999" refString="Silva-Davila, D. (2003) Higher-level relationships of the spider family Ctenidae (Araneae: Ctenoidea). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 247, 1 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.1206 / 0003 - 0090 (2003) 274 % 3 C 0001: HLROTS % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2003">Silva-Dávila 2003</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 19cd), and curved papal tibia (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966440AAFE0AFBD0AA61" box="[970,1071,493,519]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 11. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, male holotype (NHB 1890.7.1.2924). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. CD, male palp; C, ventral; D, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471482" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471482/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 11C</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9259664475BFE0AFA94AA61" author="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D." box="[1083,1387,493,519]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="333 - 361" refId="ref19772" refString="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D. (2014) Phylogenetic analysis of the tropical wolf spider subfamily Cteninae (Arachnida, Araneae, Ctenidae) Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 170, 333 - 361. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12101" type="journal article" year="2014">Polotow &amp; Brescovit 2014</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 5a). Males of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92596644252FDF6FE28AA4D" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[306,471,529,555]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92596644252FDF6FE28AA4D" box="[306,471,529,555]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Acanthoctenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from those genera by the short and cylindrical embolus (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9259664465EFDF6FA6CAA4D" box="[1342,1427,529,555]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1716,1740]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., male left palp (MCZ). A, general view, ventral; B, apical bulb detail, ventral (asterisk to proapical hook); C, cymbium, apical (asterisk to modified setae); D, detail, modified cymbium setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471472" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471472/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
) and by the elongated and thin median apophysis with an apical hook (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966440CBFDD2FBFEAA29" box="[939,1025,565,591]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1716,1740]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., male left palp (MCZ). A, general view, ventral; B, apical bulb detail, ventral (asterisk to proapical hook); C, cymbium, apical (asterisk to modified setae); D, detail, modified cymbium setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471472" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471472/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
) whereas the males of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92596644666FDD2FA63AA29" authorityName="Badcock" authorityYear="1932" box="[1286,1436,565,591]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Nothroctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92596644666FDD2FA63AA29" box="[1286,1436,565,591]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Nothroctenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE925966443FFFDBEFE8CAA15" author="Silva-Davila, D." box="[159,371,601,627]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 86" refId="ref19999" refString="Silva-Davila, D. (2003) Higher-level relationships of the spider family Ctenidae (Araneae: Ctenoidea). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 247, 1 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.1206 / 0003 - 0090 (2003) 274 % 3 C 0001: HLROTS % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2003">Silva-Dávila 2003</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 19c) and
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92596644179FDBEFD73AA15" authorityName="Lehtinen" authorityYear="1967" box="[537,652,601,627]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Viracucha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92596644179FDBEFD73AA15" box="[537,652,601,627]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Viracucha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE925966441FCFDBEFC2DAA15" author="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D." box="[668,978,601,627]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="333 - 361" refId="ref19772" refString="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D. (2014) Phylogenetic analysis of the tropical wolf spider subfamily Cteninae (Arachnida, Araneae, Ctenidae) Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 170, 333 - 361. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12101" type="journal article" year="2014">Polotow &amp; Brescovit 2014</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 5a) have embolus with a laminated base and median apophysis reduced or massive, respectively. Furthermore, males can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E9259664463CFD9AFF09AADD" authorityName="Badcock" authorityYear="1932" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Nothroctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9259664463CFD9AFF09AADD" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Nothroctenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the absence of a folded spermatic duct (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9259664418EFD46FCAAAADD" box="[750,853,673,699]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 11. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, male holotype (NHB 1890.7.1.2924). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. CD, male palp; C, ventral; D, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471482" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471482/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 11C</figureCitation>
), present in the latter (
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92596644739FD46FA99AADD" author="Dias, S. C. &amp; Brescovit, A. D." box="[1113,1382,673,699]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="789 - 796" refId="ref18925" refString="Dias, S. C. &amp; Brescovit, A. D. (2004) Microhabitat selection and co-ocurrence of Pachistoplema rufonigrum Pocock (Araneae, Theraposidae) and Nothroctenus fuxico sp. nov. (Araneae, Ctenidae) in tank bromeliads from Serra de Itabaiana, Sergipe, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 21, 789 - 796. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81752004000400011" type="journal article" year="2004">Dias &amp; Brescovit 2004</bibRefCitation>
: figs 78). Females resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E9259664416CFD22FD5DAAB9" authorityName="Badcock" authorityYear="1932" box="[524,674,709,735]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Nothroctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9259664416CFD22FD5DAAB9" box="[524,674,709,735]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Nothroctenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE925966441D1FD22FC46AAB9" author="Dias, S. C. &amp; Brescovit, A. D." box="[689,953,709,735]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="789 - 796" refId="ref18925" refString="Dias, S. C. &amp; Brescovit, A. D. (2004) Microhabitat selection and co-ocurrence of Pachistoplema rufonigrum Pocock (Araneae, Theraposidae) and Nothroctenus fuxico sp. nov. (Araneae, Ctenidae) in tank bromeliads from Serra de Itabaiana, Sergipe, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 21, 789 - 796. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81752004000400011" type="journal article" year="2004">Dias &amp; Brescovit 2004</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 9) and
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92596644721FD22FB4BAAB9" authorityName="Lehtinen" authorityYear="1967" box="[1089,1204,709,735]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Viracucha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92596644721FD22FB4BAAB9" box="[1089,1204,709,735]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Viracucha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE925966447A2FD22FA94AAB9" author="Lehtinen, P. T." box="[1218,1387,709,735]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="199 - 468" refId="ref19374" refString="Lehtinen, P. T. (1967) Classification of the Cribellate Spiders and some allied families: with notes on the evolution of the subor- der Araneomorpha. Annales Zoologici Fennici, 4, 199 - 468." type="journal article" year="1967">Lehtinen 1967</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 415) by the lack of lateral projections on the epigynum (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9259664406FFD0EFC96AB65" box="[783,873,745,771]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1100,1124]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,597,1077]" captionTargetId="figure-201@11.[183,1403,597,1077]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female genitalia. A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471474" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471474/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92596644015FD0EFB5AAB65" author="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D." box="[885,1189,745,771]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="333 - 361" refId="ref19772" refString="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D. (2014) Phylogenetic analysis of the tropical wolf spider subfamily Cteninae (Arachnida, Araneae, Ctenidae) Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 170, 333 - 361. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12101" type="journal article" year="2014">Polotow &amp; Brescovit 2014</bibRefCitation>
: char. 52). Females of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E925966443F7FCEAFEC3AB41" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,316,781,807]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E925966443F7FCEAFEC3AB41" box="[151,316,781,807]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Acanthoctenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92596644114FCEAFCF5AB41" authorityName="Badcock" authorityYear="1932" box="[628,778,781,807]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Nothroctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92596644114FCEAFCF5AB41" box="[628,778,781,807]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Nothroctenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9259664407AFCEAFC34AB41" author="Lehtinen, P. T." box="[794,971,781,807]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="199 - 468" refId="ref19374" refString="Lehtinen, P. T. (1967) Classification of the Cribellate Spiders and some allied families: with notes on the evolution of the subor- der Araneomorpha. Annales Zoologici Fennici, 4, 199 - 468." type="journal article" year="1967">Lehtinen, 1967</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 417;
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92596644720FCEAFAB5AB41" author="Dias, S. C. &amp; Brescovit, A. D." box="[1088,1354,781,807]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="789 - 796" refId="ref18925" refString="Dias, S. C. &amp; Brescovit, A. D. (2004) Microhabitat selection and co-ocurrence of Pachistoplema rufonigrum Pocock (Araneae, Theraposidae) and Nothroctenus fuxico sp. nov. (Araneae, Ctenidae) in tank bromeliads from Serra de Itabaiana, Sergipe, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 21, 789 - 796. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81752004000400011" type="journal article" year="2004">Dias &amp; Brescovit 2004</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 9) and
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E925966443A6FCD6FEC6AB2D" authorityName="Lehtinen" authorityYear="1967" box="[198,313,817,843]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Viracucha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E925966443A6FCD6FEC6AB2D" box="[198,313,817,843]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Viracucha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92596644227FCD6FE10AB2D" author="Lehtinen, P. T." box="[327,495,817,843]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="199 - 468" refId="ref19374" refString="Lehtinen, P. T. (1967) Classification of the Cribellate Spiders and some allied families: with notes on the evolution of the subor- der Araneomorpha. Annales Zoologici Fennici, 4, 199 - 468." type="journal article" year="1967">Lehtinen 1967</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 415) by their large atrium (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644035FCD6FC3AAB2D" box="[853,965,817,843]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1222,1246]" captionTargetBox="[192,1395,181,1198]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[192,1395,181,1198]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 13. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, female (CAS).A, habitus, dorsal; B, ocular area, frontal; C, epigynum, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471486" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471486/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 13C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966440B0FCD6FBFDAB2D" box="[976,1026,817,843]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1892,1916]" captionTargetBox="[174,1411,193,1857]" captionTargetId="figure-21@18.[164,1424,181,1868]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 16. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, copulatory organs. AB, male palp (ICN-Ar4667); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (ICN-Ar73); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471492" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471492/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">16C</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9259664476DFCD6FB44AB2D" author="Lehtinen, P. T." box="[1037,1211,817,843]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="199 - 468" refId="ref19374" refString="Lehtinen, P. T. (1967) Classification of the Cribellate Spiders and some allied families: with notes on the evolution of the subor- der Araneomorpha. Annales Zoologici Fennici, 4, 199 - 468." type="journal article" year="1967">Lehtinen, 1967</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 414), reduce or absent in the other genera, respectively, and from
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E925966441A1FCB2FCA8AB09" authorityName="Badcock" authorityYear="1932" box="[705,855,853,879]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Nothroctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E925966441A1FCB2FCA8AB09" box="[705,855,853,879]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Nothroctenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the shorter copulatory ducts (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966447A4FCB2FAE4AB09" box="[1220,1307,853,879]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1100,1124]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,597,1077]" captionTargetId="figure-201@11.[183,1403,597,1077]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female genitalia. A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471474" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471474/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
), elongated and convoluted in the latter (
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE925966442B8FC9EFD20ABF5" author="Dias, S. C. &amp; Brescovit, A. D." box="[472,735,889,915]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="789 - 796" refId="ref18925" refString="Dias, S. C. &amp; Brescovit, A. D. (2004) Microhabitat selection and co-ocurrence of Pachistoplema rufonigrum Pocock (Araneae, Theraposidae) and Nothroctenus fuxico sp. nov. (Araneae, Ctenidae) in tank bromeliads from Serra de Itabaiana, Sergipe, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 21, 789 - 796. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81752004000400011" type="journal article" year="2004">Dias &amp; Brescovit 2004</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 10).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E925966943A7FC7BFADEA903" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE925966943A7FC7BFADEA903" blockId="6.[151,1437,312,2043]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,573]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E925966443A7FC7BFEA6ABD0" bold="true" box="[199,345,924,950]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Description.</emphasis>
Small to medium-sized cribellate spiders. Total body length (males and females) 7.2616.20. Carapace piriform, light brown with a wide longitudinal stripe of lighter coloration (from light brown to beige) from ocular area to the posterior border; thoracic groove longitudinal and located in the posterior third (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644659FC05FA68AB9B" box="[1337,1431,994,1021]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1951,1975]" captionTargetBox="[200,1387,181,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-17@1.[200,1387,181,1927]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., female live specimen (IBSP). A, dorsal; B, lateral, right view; C, frontal (Photos taken in laboratory conditions by Thiago G. Carvalho)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471456" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471456/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 1A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966443F7FBE1FF44AC46" box="[151,187,1030,1056]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., male live specimen. A, dorsal; B, lateral, left view; C, frontal (Photos taken in laboratory conditions by Thiago G. Carvalho)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471460/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966443A9FBE1FF28AC46" box="[201,215,1030,1056]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-21@4.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Acanthoctenus torotoro sp. nov., male live specimen (holotype, UFMG 22307) on log, Torotoro Canyon.A, dorsolateral, left view; B, dorsal (arrow to tufts of setae) (Photos by Pedro H. Martins)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471462/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">4</figureCitation>
AB, 11A, 13A, 15A, 17A, 20A, 22A, 24A, 27A, 30A, 31A, 33A, 36A, 38A, 40A, 42A, 44A, 46A, 48A). Carapace profile higher at the ocular area (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9259664410DFBCEFD38AC25" box="[621,711,1065,1091]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1951,1975]" captionTargetBox="[200,1387,181,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-17@1.[200,1387,181,1927]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., female live specimen (IBSP). A, dorsal; B, lateral, right view; C, frontal (Photos taken in laboratory conditions by Thiago G. Carvalho)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471456" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471456/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 1B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966441B3FBCEFD09AC25" box="[723,758,1065,1091]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., male live specimen. A, dorsal; B, lateral, left view; C, frontal (Photos taken in laboratory conditions by Thiago G. Carvalho)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471460/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3B</figureCitation>
). Clypeus with long dark bristles (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644711FBCEFB2AAC25" box="[1137,1237,1065,1091]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1222,1246]" captionTargetBox="[192,1395,181,1198]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[192,1395,181,1198]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 13. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, female (CAS).A, habitus, dorsal; B, ocular area, frontal; C, epigynum, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471486" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471486/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 13B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644780FBCEFAEDAC22" box="[1248,1298,1065,1092]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@17.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 15. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, male (ICN-Ar4667). AC, habitus A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal; DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471490/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">15C</figureCitation>
). Ctenid eye pattern 2-4-2, with the anterior and posterior row recurved in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644085FBABFBBEAC00" box="[997,1089,1100,1126]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-21@4.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Acanthoctenus torotoro sp. nov., male live specimen (holotype, UFMG 22307) on log, Torotoro Canyon.A, dorsolateral, left view; B, dorsal (arrow to tufts of setae) (Photos by Pedro H. Martins)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471462/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 4B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9259664472EFBABFB8FAC01" box="[1102,1136,1100,1127]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female. A, left chelicera, retromargin (arrow to thickened setae); B, ocular area, frontal; C, lorum of the pedicel (divided), dorsal; D, tufts of setae on opisthosoma; E, divided cribellum; F, cribellar spigots clumped in short, longitudinal linear rows." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471466" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471466/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">5B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9259664471EFBABFB4FAC00" box="[1150,1200,1100,1126]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1222,1246]" captionTargetBox="[192,1395,181,1198]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[192,1395,181,1198]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 13. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, female (CAS).A, habitus, dorsal; B, ocular area, frontal; C, epigynum, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471486" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471486/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">13B</figureCitation>
). Eyes round, except oval anterior lateral eyes, mounted over black mounds (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9259664407BFB88FC87ACEC" box="[795,888,1135,1162]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female. A, left chelicera, retromargin (arrow to thickened setae); B, ocular area, frontal; C, lorum of the pedicel (divided), dorsal; D, tufts of setae on opisthosoma; E, divided cribellum; F, cribellar spigots clumped in short, longitudinal linear rows." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471466" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471466/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 5B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966440E7FB88FC47ACEF" box="[903,952,1135,1161]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1222,1246]" captionTargetBox="[192,1395,181,1198]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[192,1395,181,1198]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 13. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, female (CAS).A, habitus, dorsal; B, ocular area, frontal; C, epigynum, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471486" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471486/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">13B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966440A6FB88FC06ACEF" box="[966,1017,1135,1161]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[193,1394,181,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[193,1394,181,1917]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 20. Acanthoctenus dumicola Simon, 1906 stat. res., female holotype (MNHN AR14426). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral. EF, leg metatarsus-tarsus IV, prolateral; E, arrow to adesmatic joint; F, detail." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471500" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471500/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">20C</figureCitation>
), with grade-shaped tapetum (barely shown in
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644265FB75FE94ACCB" box="[261,363,1170,1197]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[189,1398,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 22. Acanthoctenus gaujoni Simon, 1906, male (MNHN). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471504" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471504/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 22C</figureCitation>
). Anteriorly with a dark band with two lateral stripes of white setae extending from the anterior border of the carapace to the anterior median eyes (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966441BFFB51FCC4ACB6" box="[735,827,1206,1232]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1951,1975]" captionTargetBox="[200,1387,181,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-17@1.[200,1387,181,1927]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., female live specimen (IBSP). A, dorsal; B, lateral, right view; C, frontal (Photos taken in laboratory conditions by Thiago G. Carvalho)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471456" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471456/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 1C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644029FB51FC94ACB6" box="[841,875,1206,1232]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., male live specimen. A, dorsal; B, lateral, left view; C, frontal (Photos taken in laboratory conditions by Thiago G. Carvalho)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471460/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644019FB51FC56ACB6" box="[889,937,1206,1232]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1222,1246]" captionTargetBox="[192,1395,181,1198]" captionTargetId="figure-17@15.[192,1395,181,1198]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 13. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, female (CAS).A, habitus, dorsal; B, ocular area, frontal; C, epigynum, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471486" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471486/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">13B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966440D6FB52FC17ACB6" box="[950,1000,1205,1232]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@17.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 15. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, male (ICN-Ar4667). AC, habitus A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal; DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471490/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">15C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644094FB51FBDAACB6" box="[1012,1061,1206,1232]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[193,1394,181,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[193,1394,181,1917]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 20. Acanthoctenus dumicola Simon, 1906 stat. res., female holotype (MNHN AR14426). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral. EF, leg metatarsus-tarsus IV, prolateral; E, arrow to adesmatic joint; F, detail." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471500" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471500/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">20C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644752FB51FB9CACB6" box="[1074,1123,1206,1232]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[189,1398,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 22. Acanthoctenus gaujoni Simon, 1906, male (MNHN). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471504" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471504/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">22C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644710FB51FB5EACB6" box="[1136,1185,1206,1232]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@25.[151,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 24. Acanthoctenus gaujoni Simon, 1906, female (MNHN). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471508" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471508/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">24C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966447CDFB51FB20ACB6" box="[1197,1247,1206,1232]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1696,1720]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-21@28.[151,1435,181,1672]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 27. Acanthoctenus plebejus Simon, 1906, female holotype (MNHN AR5169). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471514/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">27C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9259664478BFB51FAE3ACB6" box="[1259,1308,1206,1232]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@31.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 30. Acanthoctenus kollari (Reimoser, 1939), female holotype (HMW 9276). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, frontal. C original collection labels. D, epigynum, ventral. E, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471520" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471520/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">30B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644649FB52FAA6ACA9" box="[1321,1369,1205,1231]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1716,1740]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-17@37.[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 36. Acanthoctenus alux sp. nov., female holotype (MNHN AR222). AB, habitus (A, dorsal; B, ventral C, frontal); D, epigynum, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471532/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">36C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644607FB51FA67ACB6" box="[1383,1432,1206,1232]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@39.[189,1398,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 38. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., male paratype (MCZ). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471536/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">38C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966443F7FB3EFF37AC95" box="[151,200,1241,1267]" captionStart="FIGURE 40" captionStartId="41.[151,250,1718,1742]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,181,1694]" captionTargetId="figure-17@41.[170,1416,181,1694]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURE 40. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female holotype (MCZ). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471540" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471540/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">40C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966443B3FB3EFEFAAC95" box="[211,261,1241,1267]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="43.[151,250,1952,1976]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,237,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-24@43.[178,1409,237,1928]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 42. Acanthoctenus lamarrei sp. nov., male holotype (MCZ).AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471544" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471544/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">42C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644270FB3EFEBEAC95" box="[272,321,1241,1267]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-21@46.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 44. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., male paratype (IBSP 233864). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471548" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471548/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">44C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9259664422CFB3EFE82AC95" box="[332,381,1241,1267]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1612,1636]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-21@48.[164,1423,181,1588]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 46. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., female holotype (CZPB AR126). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471552/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">46C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966442E8FB3EFE44AC95" box="[392,443,1241,1267]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1897]" captionTargetId="figure-21@50.[151,1435,181,1897]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 48. Acanthoctenus torotoro sp. nov., male holotype (UFMG 22307). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471556" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471556/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">48C</figureCitation>
). Chelicerae with a large boss (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644076FB3EFC83AC95" box="[790,892,1241,1267]" captionStart="FIGURE 40" captionStartId="41.[151,250,1718,1742]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,181,1694]" captionTargetId="figure-17@41.[170,1416,181,1694]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURE 40. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female holotype (MCZ). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471540" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471540/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 40C</figureCitation>
), thickened setae next to the fang base (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644656FB3EFA71AC92" box="[1334,1422,1241,1268]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female. A, left chelicera, retromargin (arrow to thickened setae); B, ocular area, frontal; C, lorum of the pedicel (divided), dorsal; D, tufts of setae on opisthosoma; E, divided cribellum; F, cribellar spigots clumped in short, longitudinal linear rows." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471466" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471466/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
), three promarginal teeth, median largest, three retromarginal teeth, basal smaller, and without intermaginal denticles (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966443FFFAF8FF04AD5C" box="[159,251,1311,1338]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female. A, left chelicera, retromargin (arrow to thickened setae); B, ocular area, frontal; C, lorum of the pedicel (divided), dorsal; D, tufts of setae on opisthosoma; E, divided cribellum; F, cribellar spigots clumped in short, longitudinal linear rows." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471466" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471466/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 5A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644266FAF8FEC6AD5F" box="[262,313,1311,1337]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[189,1398,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 22. Acanthoctenus gaujoni Simon, 1906, male (MNHN). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471504" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471504/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">22B</figureCitation>
). Chilum divided (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644168FAF8FD91AD5C" box="[520,622,1311,1338]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@17.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 15. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, male (ICN-Ar4667). AC, habitus A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal; DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471490/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 15C</figureCitation>
). Long endites and labium short in relation to the size of the endites; light brown sternum, oval, not extending between legs IV (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9259664419DFAA5FC98AD3B" box="[765,871,1346,1373]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 11. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, male holotype (NHB 1890.7.1.2924). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. CD, male palp; C, ventral; D, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471482" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471482/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 11B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644015FAA5FC5AAD3B" box="[885,933,1346,1373]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@17.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 15. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, male (ICN-Ar4667). AC, habitus A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal; DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471490/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">15B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966440D3FAA4FC1BAD3B" box="[947,996,1347,1373]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1301,1325]" captionTargetBox="[246,1342,181,1277]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[246,1342,181,1277]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 17. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, female holotype (NHM). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. C, epigynum, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471494" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471494/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">17B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644091FAA4FBDCAD3B" box="[1009,1059,1347,1373]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[193,1394,181,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[193,1394,181,1917]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 20. Acanthoctenus dumicola Simon, 1906 stat. res., female holotype (MNHN AR14426). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral. EF, leg metatarsus-tarsus IV, prolateral; E, arrow to adesmatic joint; F, detail." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471500" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471500/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">20B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9259664474FFAA4FB9EAD3B" box="[1071,1121,1347,1373]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[189,1398,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 22. Acanthoctenus gaujoni Simon, 1906, male (MNHN). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471504" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471504/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">22B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9259664470EFAA4FB60AD3B" box="[1134,1183,1347,1373]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@25.[151,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 24. Acanthoctenus gaujoni Simon, 1906, female (MNHN). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471508" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471508/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">24B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966447CCFAA4FB22AD3B" box="[1196,1245,1347,1373]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1696,1720]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-21@28.[151,1435,181,1672]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 27. Acanthoctenus plebejus Simon, 1906, female holotype (MNHN AR5169). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471514/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">27B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9259664478AFAA4FAE4AD3B" box="[1258,1307,1347,1373]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,193,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-21@32.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 31. Acanthoctenus virginea (Kraus, 1955) stat. res., comb. nov., male holotype (SMF 8676).AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. CD, male palp; C, ventral; D, retrolateral. E, original collection label." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471522/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">31B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644648FAA4FAA6AD3B" box="[1320,1369,1347,1373]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,215,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-21@34.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 33. Acanthoctenus virginea (Kraus, 1955) stat. res., comb. nov., female paratype (SMF 8674). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. C, epigynum, ventral. D, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings). E, original collection label." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471526/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">33B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644607FAA5FA67AD3A" box="[1383,1432,1346,1372]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1716,1740]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-17@37.[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 36. Acanthoctenus alux sp. nov., female holotype (MNHN AR222). AB, habitus (A, dorsal; B, ventral C, frontal); D, epigynum, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471532/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">36B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966443F7FA81FF37ADE6" box="[151,200,1382,1408]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@39.[189,1398,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 38. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., male paratype (MCZ). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471536/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">38B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966443B6FA81FEF9ADE6" box="[214,262,1382,1408]" captionStart="FIGURE 40" captionStartId="41.[151,250,1718,1742]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,181,1694]" captionTargetId="figure-17@41.[170,1416,181,1694]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURE 40. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female holotype (MCZ). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471540" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471540/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">40B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644274FA81FEBAADE6" box="[276,325,1382,1408]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="43.[151,250,1952,1976]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,237,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-24@43.[178,1409,237,1928]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 42. Acanthoctenus lamarrei sp. nov., male holotype (MCZ).AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471544" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471544/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">42B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644232FA81FE7CADE6" box="[338,387,1382,1408]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-21@46.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 44. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., male paratype (IBSP 233864). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471548" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471548/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">44B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966442F0FA82FE3EAD19" box="[400,449,1381,1407]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1612,1636]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-21@48.[164,1423,181,1588]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 46. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., female holotype (CZPB AR126). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471552/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">46B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966442AFFA81FDFEADE6" box="[463,513,1382,1408]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="50.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1897]" captionTargetId="figure-21@50.[151,1435,181,1897]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 48. Acanthoctenus torotoro sp. nov., male holotype (UFMG 22307). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471556" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471556/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">48B</figureCitation>
). Leg formula
<quantity id="B8699B2FE925966441CCFA81FCFCADE6" box="[684,771,1382,1408]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.61442" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="in" value="1423.0">1423 in</quantity>
males, female leg formula is variable and is described for each species. Shallow trochanteral notch (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644110FA6EFD28ADC2" box="[624,727,1417,1444]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@17.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 15. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, male (ICN-Ar4667). AC, habitus A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal; DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471490/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 15B</figureCitation>
). Legs usually longer in males than females. Spination: ventral surfaces of tibia I-II with nine pairs of spines and metatarsus I-II with five pairs of spines, except
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E925966447B3FA4BFAB4ADA0" authorityName="Chickering" authorityYear="1960" box="[1235,1355,1452,1478]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remotus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E925966447B3FA4BFAB4ADA0" box="[1235,1355,1452,1478]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. remotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(tibia I with seven pairs, tibia II with six pairs and metatarsus I-II with three pairs of spines). All legs in males and females with a patch of tenant setae (claw tufts) arising from a movable plate (claw tuft plate) (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644709FA15FB3DAE6B" box="[1129,1218,1522,1549]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female. AD: leg I; A, trichobothria; B, tarsal organ; C, distal tarsus showing claw tufts; D, small third tarsal claw (arrow); E, leg IV, oval calamistrum (arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471468" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471468/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
). Third small tarsal claw present on each leg tarsus (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9259664416FF9F1FD95AE49" box="[527,618,1557,1584]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female. AD: leg I; A, trichobothria; B, tarsal organ; C, distal tarsus showing claw tufts; D, small third tarsal claw (arrow); E, leg IV, oval calamistrum (arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471468" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471468/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
, arrow). Trichobothria bases with four transversal grooves on proximal hood (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966443BEF9DEFEC8AE32" box="[222,311,1593,1620]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female. AD: leg I; A, trichobothria; B, tarsal organ; C, distal tarsus showing claw tufts; D, small third tarsal claw (arrow); E, leg IV, oval calamistrum (arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471468" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471468/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
). Distal capsulated tarsal organ with a drop-shaped opening (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966440BCF9DEFBCAAE32" box="[988,1077,1593,1620]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female. AD: leg I; A, trichobothria; B, tarsal organ; C, distal tarsus showing claw tufts; D, small third tarsal claw (arrow); E, leg IV, oval calamistrum (arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471468" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471468/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
). Calamistrum oval with several rows of setae (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644259F9BBFE6FAE11" box="[313,400,1628,1655]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female. AD: leg I; A, trichobothria; B, tarsal organ; C, distal tarsus showing claw tufts; D, small third tarsal claw (arrow); E, leg IV, oval calamistrum (arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471468" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471468/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 6E</figureCitation>
). Pedicel divided (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9259664413FF9BBFD47AE11" box="[607,696,1628,1655]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female. A, left chelicera, retromargin (arrow to thickened setae); B, ocular area, frontal; C, lorum of the pedicel (divided), dorsal; D, tufts of setae on opisthosoma; E, divided cribellum; F, cribellar spigots clumped in short, longitudinal linear rows." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471466" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471466/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
). Opisthosoma oval with tufts of elongated white setae in two longitudinal rows (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644228F998FE5AAEFF" box="[328,421,1663,1689]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1951,1975]" captionTargetBox="[200,1387,181,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-17@1.[200,1387,181,1927]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., female live specimen (IBSP). A, dorsal; B, lateral, right view; C, frontal (Photos taken in laboratory conditions by Thiago G. Carvalho)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471456" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471456/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 1A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966442D1F998FE2BAEFF" box="[433,468,1663,1689]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-21@4.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Acanthoctenus torotoro sp. nov., male live specimen (holotype, UFMG 22307) on log, Torotoro Canyon.A, dorsolateral, left view; B, dorsal (arrow to tufts of setae) (Photos by Pedro H. Martins)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471462/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">4B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644280F998FDF9AEFC" box="[480,518,1663,1690]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female. A, left chelicera, retromargin (arrow to thickened setae); B, ocular area, frontal; C, lorum of the pedicel (divided), dorsal; D, tufts of setae on opisthosoma; E, divided cribellum; F, cribellar spigots clumped in short, longitudinal linear rows." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471466" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471466/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">5D</figureCitation>
). Cribellum divided into two fields of strobilate spigots that are clumped in short, longitudinal linear rows (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966442CFF945FE0FAEDB" box="[431,496,1698,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female. A, left chelicera, retromargin (arrow to thickened setae); B, ocular area, frontal; C, lorum of the pedicel (divided), dorsal; D, tufts of setae on opisthosoma; E, divided cribellum; F, cribellar spigots clumped in short, longitudinal linear rows." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471466" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471466/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
EF;
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9259664414EF945FCEAAEDB" author="Griswold, C. E. &amp; Ramirez, M. J. &amp; Coddington, J. A. &amp; Platnick, N. I." box="[558,789,1698,1725]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 324" refId="ref19088" refString="Griswold, C. E., Ramirez, M. J., Coddington, J. A. &amp; Platnick, N. I. (2005) Atlas of phylogenetic data for entelegyne spiders (Araneae: Araneomorphae: Entelegynae) with comments on their phylogeny. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Supplement II, 56, 1 - 324." type="journal article" year="2005">
Griswold
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E925966441FCF944FD2CAEDA" box="[668,723,1698,1724]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al.</emphasis>
2005
</bibRefCitation>
: figs 97a, 115a), larger in females than males. Six spinnerets, ALS, and PLS two-segmented (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644148F921FD5DAE86" box="[552,674,1734,1760]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. AC, Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female spinnerets; A, left ALS field (asterisk to tartipore); B, PMS field (asterisk to nubbin, semicolon to CY spigots); C, right PLS field. DF, Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., silk detail from shelter (see Fig. 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471470" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471470/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 7A, C</figureCitation>
), PMS one-segmented (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966440D0F921FBF6AE86" box="[944,1033,1734,1760]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. AC, Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female spinnerets; A, left ALS field (asterisk to tartipore); B, PMS field (asterisk to nubbin, semicolon to CY spigots); C, right PLS field. DF, Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., silk detail from shelter (see Fig. 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471470" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471470/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
). The ALS has a bare margin, a two large MAP, and several PI spigots interspersed with tartipores (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9259664402DF90EFC59AF65" box="[845,934,1769,1795]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. AC, Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female spinnerets; A, left ALS field (asterisk to tartipore); B, PMS field (asterisk to nubbin, semicolon to CY spigots); C, right PLS field. DF, Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., silk detail from shelter (see Fig. 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471470" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471470/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE925966440D0F90EFB69AF62" author="Griswold, C. E. &amp; Ramirez, M. J. &amp; Coddington, J. A. &amp; Platnick, N. I." box="[944,1174,1769,1796]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 324" refId="ref19088" refString="Griswold, C. E., Ramirez, M. J., Coddington, J. A. &amp; Platnick, N. I. (2005) Atlas of phylogenetic data for entelegyne spiders (Araneae: Araneomorphae: Entelegynae) with comments on their phylogeny. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Supplement II, 56, 1 - 324." type="journal article" year="2005">
Griswold
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9259664477EF90DFBAAAF65" box="[1054,1109,1769,1795]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al.</emphasis>
2005
</bibRefCitation>
: figs 115b, 116b, 117a). The PMS has a pair of mAP spigots with a tartipore in between and many small AC spigots interspersed with three large CY spigots; without paracribellar spigots (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966441D6F8C8FCF1AF2C" box="[694,782,1839,1866]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. AC, Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female spinnerets; A, left ALS field (asterisk to tartipore); B, PMS field (asterisk to nubbin, semicolon to CY spigots); C, right PLS field. DF, Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., silk detail from shelter (see Fig. 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471470" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471470/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9259664407BF8C8FBF7AF2C" author="Griswold, C. E. &amp; Ramirez, M. J. &amp; Coddington, J. A. &amp; Platnick, N. I." box="[795,1032,1839,1866]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 324" refId="ref19088" refString="Griswold, C. E., Ramirez, M. J., Coddington, J. A. &amp; Platnick, N. I. (2005) Atlas of phylogenetic data for entelegyne spiders (Araneae: Araneomorphae: Entelegynae) with comments on their phylogeny. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Supplement II, 56, 1 - 324." type="journal article" year="2005">
Griswold
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E925966440EBF8D7FC3BAF2F" box="[907,964,1839,1865]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al.</emphasis>
2005
</bibRefCitation>
: figs 115ce, 116d, 117d). The PLS has several AC spigots and an apical anterior MS (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966441A5F8B5FCE2AF0B" box="[709,797,1874,1901]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. AC, Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female spinnerets; A, left ALS field (asterisk to tartipore); B, PMS field (asterisk to nubbin, semicolon to CY spigots); C, right PLS field. DF, Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., silk detail from shelter (see Fig. 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471470" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471470/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92596644047F8B5FBF0AF0B" author="Griswold, C. E. &amp; Ramirez, M. J. &amp; Coddington, J. A. &amp; Platnick, N. I." box="[807,1039,1874,1901]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 324" refId="ref19088" refString="Griswold, C. E., Ramirez, M. J., Coddington, J. A. &amp; Platnick, N. I. (2005) Atlas of phylogenetic data for entelegyne spiders (Araneae: Araneomorphae: Entelegynae) with comments on their phylogeny. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Supplement II, 56, 1 - 324." type="journal article" year="2005">
Griswold
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E925966440F6F8B4FC32AF0A" box="[918,973,1874,1900]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al.</emphasis>
2005
</bibRefCitation>
: figs 115d, 116c, 117bc). The silks used for the construction of egg sacs and shelters are irregular (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9259664400DF891FC4FAFF6" box="[877,944,1910,1936]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. AC, Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female spinnerets; A, left ALS field (asterisk to tartipore); B, PMS field (asterisk to nubbin, semicolon to CY spigots); C, right PLS field. DF, Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., silk detail from shelter (see Fig. 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471470" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471470/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
DF). Males lack epiandrous spigots. Male palp: patella swelled (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE925966442ECF87EFDEBAFD5" box="[396,532,1945,1971]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 11. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, male holotype (NHB 1890.7.1.2924). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. CD, male palp; C, ventral; D, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471482" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471482/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 11A, D</figureCitation>
); tibia curved with only one tibial projection (RTA) (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644704F87EFB10AFD5" box="[1124,1263,1945,1971]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 11. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, male holotype (NHB 1890.7.1.2924). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. CD, male palp; C, ventral; D, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471482" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471482/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 11C, D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9259664479AF87EFAE9AFD5" box="[1274,1302,1945,1971]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[214,1371,195,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-21@14.[202,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 12. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, copulatory organs.AB, male palp (holotype NHB 1890.7.1.2924); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (CAS); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471484/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">12</figureCitation>
AB); conical RTA; cymbium longer than tibia and with a basal retrolateral projection (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644087F85BFBB0AFB0" box="[999,1103,1980,2006]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 11. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, male holotype (NHB 1890.7.1.2924). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. CD, male palp; C, ventral; D, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471482" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471482/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 11C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92596644739F85BFB72AFB0" box="[1113,1165,1980,2006]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[214,1371,195,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-21@14.[202,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 12. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, copulatory organs.AB, male palp (holotype NHB 1890.7.1.2924); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (CAS); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471484/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">12A</figureCitation>
); subtegulum prolateral, partially visible behind embolus; tegulum suboval with a central hyaline area where the median apophysis emerges (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE929966843FFF8F8FEF8AF5F" box="[159,263,1823,1849]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 11. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, male holotype (NHB 1890.7.1.2924). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. CD, male palp; C, ventral; D, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471482" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471482/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 11C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92996684273F8F8FEB8AF5F" box="[275,327,1823,1849]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[214,1371,195,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-21@14.[202,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 12. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, copulatory organs.AB, male palp (holotype NHB 1890.7.1.2924); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (CAS); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471484/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">12A</figureCitation>
); embolus emerging prolaterally, flexibly attached to the tegulum, cylindrical, with a larger base tapering distally (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92996684226F8A4FE60AF3B" box="[326,415,1859,1885]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1716,1740]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., male left palp (MCZ). A, general view, ventral; B, apical bulb detail, ventral (asterisk to proapical hook); C, cymbium, apical (asterisk to modified setae); D, detail, modified cymbium setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471472" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471472/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
); median apophysis elongated and scoop-shaped, with a subtriangular distal projection (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9299668460FF8A4FF5BAFE7" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1716,1740]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., male left palp (MCZ). A, general view, ventral; B, apical bulb detail, ventral (asterisk to proapical hook); C, cymbium, apical (asterisk to modified setae); D, detail, modified cymbium setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471472" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471472/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
AB); conductor apical and hyaline (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92996684122F880FD78AFE7" box="[578,647,1895,1921]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1716,1740]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., male left palp (MCZ). A, general view, ventral; B, apical bulb detail, ventral (asterisk to proapical hook); C, cymbium, apical (asterisk to modified setae); D, detail, modified cymbium setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471472" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471472/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 8</figureCitation>
AB, 12B); some species with modified setae distally on the cymbium (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE929966843C0F86CFF1DAFC3" box="[160,226,1931,1957]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1716,1740]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[151,1435,181,1693]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., male left palp (MCZ). A, general view, ventral; B, apical bulb detail, ventral (asterisk to proapical hook); C, cymbium, apical (asterisk to modified setae); D, detail, modified cymbium setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471472" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471472/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
CD). Female genitalia: epigynum divided into the median and lateral sectors (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92996684702F86CFB3EAFC3" box="[1122,1217,1931,1957]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1100,1124]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,597,1077]" captionTargetId="figure-201@11.[183,1403,597,1077]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female genitalia. A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471474" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471474/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 9A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE929966847ADF86CFAFFAFC3" box="[1229,1280,1931,1957]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[214,1371,195,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-21@14.[202,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 12. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, copulatory organs.AB, male palp (holotype NHB 1890.7.1.2924); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (CAS); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471484/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">12C</figureCitation>
); median sector suboval, subpentagonal, or subrectangular, longitudinally elongated, extending or not into the atrium, partially covered by the lateral sectors (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9299668428BF834FDB6AF8B" box="[491,585,2003,2029]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1100,1124]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,597,1077]" captionTargetId="figure-201@11.[183,1403,597,1077]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female genitalia. A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471474" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471474/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 9A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92996684134F834FD7AAF8B" box="[596,645,2003,2029]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[214,1371,195,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-21@14.[202,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 12. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, copulatory organs.AB, male palp (holotype NHB 1890.7.1.2924); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (CAS); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471484/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">12C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE929966841F0F834FD3BAF8B" box="[656,708,2003,2029]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1966,1990]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,1369,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-41@15.[193,1394,1307,1943]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 14. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, female (CAS). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471488" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471488/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">14A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE929966841AEF834FCFEAF8B" box="[718,769,2003,2029]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1301,1325]" captionTargetBox="[246,1342,181,1277]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[246,1342,181,1277]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 17. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, female holotype (NHM). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. C, epigynum, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471494" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471494/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">17C</figureCitation>
); lateral sectors large, anteriorly straight or curved, forming an angle between 30° and 90° with the median sector longitudinal axis, partially transparent, spermathecae visible through transparency (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE928966942F6FF5CFDFCA8B3" box="[406,515,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1966,1990]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,1369,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-41@15.[193,1394,1307,1943]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 14. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, female (CAS). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471488" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471488/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 14A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92896694170FF5CFDBEA8B3" box="[528,577,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1301,1325]" captionTargetBox="[246,1342,181,1277]" captionTargetId="figure-17@19.[246,1342,181,1277]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 17. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, female holotype (NHM). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. C, epigynum, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471494" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471494/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">17C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9289669412EFF5CFD7EA8B3" box="[590,641,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1979,2003]" captionTargetBox="[288,1302,1414,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-43@19.[255,1332,1385,1955]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 18. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, female (ICN-Ar73). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471496" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471496/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">18A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE928966941EEFF5CFD3DA8B3" box="[654,706,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[193,1394,181,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[193,1394,181,1917]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 20. Acanthoctenus dumicola Simon, 1906 stat. res., female holotype (MNHN AR14426). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral. EF, leg metatarsus-tarsus IV, prolateral; E, arrow to adesmatic joint; F, detail." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471500" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471500/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">20D</figureCitation>
); copulatory opening small, connected to the lateral sector (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9289669460AFF5CFF35A89F" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1966,1990]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,1369,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-41@15.[193,1394,1307,1943]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 14. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, female (CAS). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471488" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471488/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 14A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE928966943B6FF38FEF8A89F" box="[214,263,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1892,1916]" captionTargetBox="[174,1411,193,1857]" captionTargetId="figure-21@18.[164,1424,181,1868]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 16. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, copulatory organs. AB, male palp (ICN-Ar4667); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (ICN-Ar73); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471492" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471492/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">16C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92896694273FF38FEB9A89F" box="[275,326,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1583,1607]" captionTargetBox="[176,1408,879,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-198@20.[170,1418,869,1560]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 19. Acanthoctenus dumicola Simon, 1906 stat. res., female (SMF 69661).A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471498" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471498/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">19A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92896694232FF38FE7AA89F" box="[338,389,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="22.[151,250,904,928]" captionTargetBox="[207,1381,227,831]" captionTargetId="figure-26@22.[151,1435,201,881]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 21. Acanthoctenus dumicola Simon, 1906 stat. res., female (SMF 69661).A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471502/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">21A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE928966942F0FF38FE3CA89F" box="[400,451,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[190,1396,189,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-21@24.[181,1406,181,1897]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 23. Acanthoctenus gaujoni Simon, 1906, copulatory organs. AB, male palp (MNHN); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (MNHN); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471506" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471506/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">23C</figureCitation>
); copulatory ducts sinuous, first half bordered by the lateral sectors, strongly or slightly S-shaped (left side) (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE928966942E7FEE4FE0AA97B" box="[391,501,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[214,1371,195,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-21@14.[202,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 12. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, copulatory organs.AB, male palp (holotype NHB 1890.7.1.2924); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (CAS); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471484/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 12D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92896694163FEE4FDCBA97B" box="[515,564,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1966,1990]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,1369,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-41@15.[193,1394,1307,1943]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 14. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, female (CAS). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471488" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471488/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">14B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92896694122FEE4FD8AA97B" box="[578,629,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1892,1916]" captionTargetBox="[174,1411,193,1857]" captionTargetId="figure-21@18.[164,1424,181,1868]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 16. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, copulatory organs. AB, male palp (ICN-Ar4667); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (ICN-Ar73); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471492" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471492/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">16D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE928966941E3FEE4FD4EA97B" box="[643,689,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1979,2003]" captionTargetBox="[288,1302,1414,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-43@19.[255,1332,1385,1955]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 18. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, female (ICN-Ar73). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471496" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471496/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">18B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE928966941DBFEE4FD12A97B" box="[699,749,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="22.[151,250,904,928]" captionTargetBox="[207,1381,227,831]" captionTargetId="figure-26@22.[151,1435,201,881]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 21. Acanthoctenus dumicola Simon, 1906 stat. res., female (SMF 69661).A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471502/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">21B</figureCitation>
); head of spermathecae quote-shaped, with apical glandular openings (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9289669426CFEC0FE88A927" box="[268,375,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[214,1371,195,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-21@14.[202,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 12. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, copulatory organs.AB, male palp (holotype NHB 1890.7.1.2924); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (CAS); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471484/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 12D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE928966942E4FEC0FE4AA927" box="[388,437,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1966,1990]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,1369,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-41@15.[193,1394,1307,1943]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 14. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, female (CAS). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471488" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471488/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">14B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE928966942A1FEC0FE0DA927" box="[449,498,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1979,2003]" captionTargetBox="[288,1302,1414,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-43@19.[255,1332,1385,1955]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 18. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, female (ICN-Ar73). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471496" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471496/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">18B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9289669429EFEC0FDCFA927" box="[510,560,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="22.[151,250,904,928]" captionTargetBox="[207,1381,227,831]" captionTargetId="figure-26@22.[151,1435,201,881]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 21. Acanthoctenus dumicola Simon, 1906 stat. res., female (SMF 69661).A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471502/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">21B</figureCitation>
); the base of spermathecae scalloped (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92896694080FEC0FBB3A927" box="[992,1100,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[214,1371,195,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-21@14.[202,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 12. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, copulatory organs.AB, male palp (holotype NHB 1890.7.1.2924); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (CAS); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471484/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 12D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92896694738FEC0FB76A927" box="[1112,1161,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1966,1990]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,1369,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-41@15.[193,1394,1307,1943]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 14. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, female (CAS). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471488" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471488/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">14B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE928966947F5FEC0FB39A927" box="[1173,1222,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1979,2003]" captionTargetBox="[288,1302,1414,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-43@19.[255,1332,1385,1955]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 18. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, female (ICN-Ar73). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471496" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471496/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">18B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE928966947B2FEC0FAFBA927" box="[1234,1284,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="22.[151,250,904,928]" captionTargetBox="[207,1381,227,831]" captionTargetId="figure-26@22.[151,1435,201,881]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 21. Acanthoctenus dumicola Simon, 1906 stat. res., female (SMF 69661).A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471502/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">21B</figureCitation>
); fertilization ducts short, tubular and sclerotized, emerging from the base of spermathecae (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92896694761FEACFBA2A903" box="[1025,1117,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1100,1124]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,597,1077]" captionTargetId="figure-201@11.[183,1403,597,1077]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., female genitalia. A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471474" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471474/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 9B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92896694709FEACFB65A903" box="[1129,1178,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1966,1990]" captionTargetBox="[222,1365,1369,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-41@15.[193,1394,1307,1943]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 14. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, female (CAS). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471488" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471488/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">14B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE928966947C6FEACFB28A903" box="[1190,1239,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="22.[151,250,904,928]" captionTargetBox="[207,1381,227,831]" captionTargetId="figure-26@22.[151,1435,201,881]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 21. Acanthoctenus dumicola Simon, 1906 stat. res., female (SMF 69661).A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471502/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">21B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92896694782FEADFAEAA903" box="[1250,1301,330,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="26.[151,250,791,815]" captionTargetBox="[265,1348,194,747]" captionTargetId="figure-21@26.[170,1416,181,767]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 25. Acanthoctenus gaujoni, Simon, 1906, female (MNHN). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471510" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471510/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">25B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="2BEE6642E924966543F7F870FDB8AF91" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471466" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471466" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471466/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE924966543F7F870FDB8AF91" blockId="7.[151,1436,1943,2040]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E924966543F7F870FEEAAFD6" bold="true" box="[151,277,1943,1968]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E9249665427EF87FFDD2AFD6" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[286,557,1944,1968]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chickeringi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9249665427EF87FFDD2AFD6" box="[286,557,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Acanthoctenus chickeringi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92496654155F87FFD77AFD6" bold="true" box="[565,648,1944,1968]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E92496654155F87FFD77AFD6" box="[565,648,1944,1968]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, female. A, left chelicera, retromargin (arrow to thickened setae); B, ocular area, frontal; C, lorum of the pedicel (divided), dorsal; D, tufts of setae on opisthosoma; E, divided cribellum; F, cribellar spigots clumped in short, longitudinal linear rows.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E92B966A43F7F870FC2AAFB2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471468" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471468" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471468/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE92B966A43F7F870FC2AAFB2" blockId="8.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92B966A43F7F870FEECAFC9" bold="true" box="[151,275,1943,1967]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92B966A427AF87FFDD7AFD6" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[282,552,1944,1968]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chickeringi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92B966A427AF87FFDD7AFD6" box="[282,552,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Acanthoctenus chickeringi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92B966A414FF87FFD80AFD6" bold="true" box="[559,639,1944,1968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E92B966A414FF87FFD80AFD6" box="[559,639,1944,1968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, female. AD: leg I; A, trichobothria; B, tarsal organ; C, distal tarsus showing claw tufts; D, small third tarsal claw (arrow); E, leg IV, oval calamistrum (arrow).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E92A966B43F7F870FEEFAF9E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471470" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471470" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471470/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" startId="9.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE92A966B43F7F870FEEFAF9E" blockId="9.[151,1437,1943,2040]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92A966B43F7F870FEECAFD6" bold="true" box="[151,275,1943,1968]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
AC,
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92A966B4235F87FFD9DAFD6" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[341,610,1944,1968]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chickeringi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92A966B4235F87FFD9DAFD6" box="[341,610,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Acanthoctenus chickeringi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92A966B4109F87FFD46AFD6" bold="true" box="[617,697,1944,1968]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E92A966B4109F87FFD46AFD6" box="[617,697,1944,1968]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, female spinnerets; A, left ALS field (asterisk to tartipore); B, PMS field (asterisk to nubbin, semicolon to CY spigots); C, right PLS field. DF,
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92A966B4039F85BFBA4AFB5" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[857,1115,1980,2004]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manauara" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92A966B4039F85BFBA4AFB5" box="[857,1115,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Acanthoctenus manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92A966B4700F85BFB50AFB2" bold="true" box="[1120,1199,1980,2004]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E92A966B4700F85BFB50AFB2" box="[1120,1199,1980,2004]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, silk detail from shelter (see Fig. 2).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E929966843F7F953FAF2AE96" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471472" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471472" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471472/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" startId="10.[151,250,1716,1740]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1693]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE929966843F7F953FAF2AE96" blockId="10.[151,1436,1716,1777]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E929966843F7F953FEEBAEAB" bold="true" box="[151,276,1716,1741]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E9299668427BF952FDD6AEAB" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[283,553,1717,1741]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chickeringi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9299668427BF952FDD6AEAB" box="[283,553,1717,1741]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Acanthoctenus chickeringi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92996684150F952FD7EAEAB" bold="true" box="[560,641,1717,1741]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E92996684150F952FD7EAEAB" box="[560,641,1717,1741]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, male left palp (MCZ). A, general view, ventral; B, apical bulb detail, ventral (asterisk to proapical hook); C, cymbium, apical (asterisk to modified setae); D, detail, modified cymbium setae.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E928966943A7FE89FAC8AA5B" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE928966943A7FE89FA7DA9EF" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,573]" box="[199,1410,366,393]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966943A7FE89FE9EA9EE" bold="true" box="[199,353,366,392]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Distribution.</emphasis>
Neotropical region, from
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE928966941E6FE88FD27A9EF" box="[646,728,367,393]" name="Bolivia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
to
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE9289669419CFE88FCABA9EF" box="[764,852,367,393]" name="Mexico" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Mexico</collectingCountry>
, in tropical humid forest and mountains (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92896694641FE88FA8AA9EF" box="[1313,1397,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE928966943A7FE75FAC8AA5B" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966943A7FE75FE98A9CA" bold="true" box="[199,359,402,428]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Composition.</emphasis>
Thirteen species:
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92896694151FE74FBFDA9CB" authority="Keyserling, 1877" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[561,1026,403,429]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92896694151FE74FCC7A9CA" box="[561,824,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Acanthoctenus spiniger</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9289669405FFE74FBFDA9CB" author="Keyserling, E. G." box="[831,1026,403,429]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="609 - 708" refId="ref19313" refString="Keyserling, E. G. (1877) Ueber amerikanische spinnenarten der Unterordnung Citigradae. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-K ˆ niglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 26, 609 - 708." type="journal article" year="1877">Keyserling, 1877</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E9289669476DFE74FF2DA9B7" authority="Keyserling, 1877" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9289669476DFE74FAEBA9CA" box="[1037,1300,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Acanthoctenus spinipes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9289669467AFE74FF2DA9B7" author="Keyserling, E. G." pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="609 - 708" refId="ref19313" refString="Keyserling, E. G. (1877) Ueber amerikanische spinnenarten der Unterordnung Citigradae. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-K ˆ niglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 26, 609 - 708." type="journal article" year="1877">Keyserling, 1877</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E928966943BEFE50FD76A9B7" authority="Simon, 1906" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1906" box="[222,649,439,465]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumicola">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966943BEFE50FE0DA9B7" box="[222,498,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Acanthoctenus dumicola</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92896694299FE50FD76A9B7" author="Simon, E." box="[505,649,439,465]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="284 - 308" refId="ref20184" refString="Simon, E. (1906) Etude sur les araignees de la section des cribellates. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 50, 284 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 19947" type="journal article" year="1906">Simon, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966941F0FE50FD0BA9B7" bold="true" box="[656,756,439,465]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">stat. res.</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92896694063FE50FB60A9B7" authority="Simon, 1906" authorityName=", Simon" authorityYear="1906" box="[771,1183,439,465]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaujoni">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92896694063FE50FBFAA9B6" box="[771,1029,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Acanthoctenus gaujoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9289669476CFE50FB60A9B7" author="Simon, E." box="[1036,1183,439,465]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="284 - 308" refId="ref20184" refString="Simon, E. (1906) Etude sur les araignees de la section des cribellates. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 50, 284 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 19947" type="journal article" year="1906">Simon, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E928966947CAFE50FEADA993" authority="Simon, 1906" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1906" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plebejus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966947CAFE50FF47A992" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Acanthoctenus plebejus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE928966943DFFE3CFEADA993" author="Simon, E." box="[191,338,475,501]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="284 - 308" refId="ref20184" refString="Simon, E. (1906) Etude sur les araignees de la section des cribellates. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 50, 284 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 19947" type="journal article" year="1906">Simon, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E9289669423DFE3CFCDEA993" authority="(Reimoser, 1939)" baseAuthorityName="Reimoser" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[349,801,475,501]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kollari">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9289669423DFE3CFDAAA993" box="[349,597,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Acanthoctenus kollari</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92896694103FE3CFCE5A993" author="Reimoser, E." box="[611,794,475,501]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="328 - 386" refId="ref19928" refString="Reimoser, E. (1939) Wissenshaftliche Ergebnisse der ˆ sterreichischen biologischen Expedition nach Costa Rica. Die Spinnenfauna. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 50, 328 - 386." type="journal article" year="1939">Reimoser, 1939</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E9289669404EFE3CFB25A993" authority="(Kraus, 1955)" baseAuthorityName="Kraus" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[814,1242,474,501]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virginea">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9289669404EFE3CFBC9A992" box="[814,1078,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Acanthoctenus virginea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92896694726FE3CFB2EA993" author="Kraus, O." box="[1094,1233,474,501]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref19345" refString="Kraus, O. (1955) Spinnen aus El Salvador (Arachnoidea, Araneae). Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 493, 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1955">Kraus, 1955</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92896694781FE3CFF37AA7F" bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">stat. res., comb. nov.</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E928966943B7FE18FD53AA7F" authority="Chickering, 1960" authorityName="Chickering" authorityYear="1960" box="[215,684,511,537]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remotus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966943B7FE18FE22AA7E" box="[215,477,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Acanthoctenus remotus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92896694286FE18FD53AA7F" author="Chickering, A. M." box="[486,684,511,537]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="81 - 86" refId="ref18761" refString="Chickering, A. M. (1960) A new Acanthoctenus (Araneae: Acanthoctenidae) from Jamaica, W. I. Psyche, 67, 81 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.1155 / 1960 / 26951" type="journal article" year="1960">Chickering, 1960</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E928966941D8FE18FC6AAA7F" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[696,917,511,537]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alux" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966941D8FE18FC6AAA7F" box="[696,917,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Acanthoctenus alux</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966940FEFE18FC07AA7F" bold="true" box="[926,1016,511,537]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E928966940FEFE18FC07AA7F" box="[926,1016,511,537]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92896694768FE18FACDAA7F" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[1032,1330,511,537]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chickeringi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92896694768FE18FACDAA7F" box="[1032,1330,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Acanthoctenus chickeringi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9289669465BFE18FA6AAA7F" bold="true" box="[1339,1429,511,537]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E9289669465BFE18FA6AAA7F" box="[1339,1429,511,537]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E928966943F7FDC4FE5BAA5B" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,420,547,573]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamarrei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966943F7FDC4FE5BAA5B" box="[151,420,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Acanthoctenus lamarrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966942CBFDC4FDFAAA5B" bold="true" box="[427,517,547,573]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E928966942CBFDC4FDFAAA5B" box="[427,517,547,573]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92896694172FDC4FCCEAA5A" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[530,817,547,573]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manauara" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92896694172FDC4FCCEAA5A" box="[530,817,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Acanthoctenus manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92896694058FDC4FC6DAA5B" bold="true" box="[824,914,547,573]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E92896694058FDC4FC6DAA5B" box="[824,914,547,573]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, and
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E928966940AFFDC4FB29AA5A" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[975,1238,547,573]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="torotoro" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966940AFFDC4FB29AA5A" box="[975,1238,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Acanthoctenus torotoro</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966947BDFDC4FAC8AA5B" bold="true" box="[1245,1335,547,573]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E928966947BDFDC4FAC8AA5B" box="[1245,1335,547,573]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,382 @@
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<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966943F7FB3DFD72AC93" bold="true" box="[151,653,1242,1269]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966943F7FB3DFE4AAC93" bold="true" box="[151,437,1242,1269]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Acanthoctenus spiniger</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE928966942DDFB3CFD72AC93" author="Keyserling, E. G." box="[445,653,1243,1269]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="609 - 708" refId="ref19313" refString="Keyserling, E. G. (1877) Ueber amerikanische spinnenarten der Unterordnung Citigradae. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-K ˆ niglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 26, 609 - 708." type="journal article" year="1877">Keyserling, 1877</bibRefCitation>
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<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE928966943F7FB18FEFDAD7F" box="[151,258,1279,1305]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 10A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9289669426DFB18FEADAD7F" box="[269,338,1279,1305]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 11" captionStart-1="FIGURE 12" captionStart-2="FIGURE 13" captionStart-3="FIGURE 14" captionStartId-0="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="14.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionStartId-2="15.[151,250,1222,1246]" captionStartId-3="15.[151,250,1966,1990]" captionTargetBox-0="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetBox-1="[214,1371,195,1906]" captionTargetBox-2="[192,1395,181,1198]" captionTargetBox-3="[222,1365,1369,1918]" captionTargetId-0="figure-17@13.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId-1="figure-21@14.[202,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId-2="figure-17@15.[192,1395,181,1198]" captionTargetId-3="figure-41@15.[193,1394,1307,1943]" captionTargetPageId-0="13" captionTargetPageId-1="14" captionTargetPageId-2="15" captionTargetPageId-3="15" captionText-0="FIGURE 11. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, male holotype (NHB 1890.7.1.2924). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. CD, male palp; C, ventral; D, retrolateral." captionText-1="FIGURE 12. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, copulatory organs.AB, male palp (holotype NHB 1890.7.1.2924); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (CAS); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." captionText-2="FIGURE 13. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, female (CAS).A, habitus, dorsal; B, ocular area, frontal; C, epigynum, ventral." captionText-3="FIGURE 14. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, female (CAS). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471482" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471484" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471486" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471488" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4471482/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4471484/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4471486/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/4471488/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1114</figureCitation>
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, plate 8, fig. 60 (male
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E92896694032FAA4FC54AD3D" box="[850,939,1347,1371]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
from
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, Córdoba, [
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,
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], deposited in NHM 1890.7.1.2924, examined).—F.O.
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE928966940E6FA85FB47AD1C" author="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O." box="[902,1208,1378,1402]" page="103" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1897">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE928966940E6FA85FB47AD1C" author="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O." box="[902,1208,1378,1402]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="52 - 106" refId="ref19572" refString="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O. (1897) On cteniform spiders from the lower Amazons and other regions of North and South America, with a list of all known species of these groups hitherto recorded from the New World. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 (19), 52 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939708680507" type="journal article" year="1897">Pickard-Cambridge 1897: 103</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, plate 4, fig. 3b—Mel-lo-Leit„o 1936: 192, fig. 12.—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE9289669429BFA66FCE5ADFF" author="Forster, R. R. &amp; Wilton, C. L." box="[507,794,1409,1433]" page="293" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1973">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9289669429BFA66FCE5ADFF" author="Forster, R. R. &amp; Wilton, C. L." box="[507,794,1409,1433]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 309" refId="ref19002" refString="Forster, R. R. &amp; Wilton, C. L. (1973) The spiders of New Zealand. Part IV. Otago Museum Bulletin, 4, 1 - 309." type="journal article" year="1973">Forster &amp; Wilton 1973: 293</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 1042.—
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE928966940FCFA66FB46ADFF" author="World Spider Catalog" box="[924,1209,1409,1433]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref20394" refString="World Spider Catalog (2020) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern, Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 6 June 2020) https: // doi. org / 10.24436 / 2" type="book" year="2020">World Spider Catalog 2020</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE928966943F7FA78FB1AADDE" blockId="11.[151,1437,1347,1464]" box="[151,1253,1439,1464]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5F8111E4E928966943F7FA78FB1AADDE" box="[151,1253,1439,1464]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E928966943F7FA78FE79ADD1" ID-CoL="8VLQ" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,390,1439,1463]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966943F7FA78FE79ADD1" box="[151,390,1439,1463]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Acanthoctenus spiniger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE928966942C0FA78FDB1ADD1" author="Simon, E." box="[416,590,1439,1464]" page="229" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1892">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE928966942C0FA78FDB1ADD1" author="Simon, E." box="[416,590,1439,1464]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref20064" refString="Simon, E. (1892) Histoire naturelle des araignees. Vol. 1. Roret, Paris, 256 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 51973" type="book" year="1892">Simon 1892: 229</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE9289669410BFA78FCAFADDE" author="Silva-Davila, D." box="[619,848,1439,1464]" page="49" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9289669410BFA78FCAFADDE" author="Silva-Davila, D." box="[619,848,1439,1464]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 86" refId="ref19999" refString="Silva-Davila, D. (2003) Higher-level relationships of the spider family Ctenidae (Araneae: Ctenoidea). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 247, 1 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.1206 / 0003 - 0090 (2003) 274 % 3 C 0001: HLROTS % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2003">Silva-Dávila 2003: 49</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 19d.—
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE928966940A3FA78FB1EADDE" author="World Spider Catalog" box="[963,1249,1439,1464]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref20394" refString="World Spider Catalog (2020) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern, Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 6 June 2020) https: // doi. org / 10.24436 / 2" type="book" year="2020">World Spider Catalog 2020</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E928966943F7FA02FA74AEF6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE928966943F7FA02FA74AEF6" blockId="11.[151,1437,1509,2040]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966943F7FA02FE2FAD99" bold="true" box="[151,464,1509,1535]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Other material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E928966942B8FA01FE89AE42" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878302" collectionCode="MCZ" collectorName="N. Banks" country="Mexico" latitude="18.850473" location="Orizaba" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-97.10364" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave">
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE928966942B8FA01FDB5AE66" box="[472,586,1510,1536]" name="Mexico" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92896694137FA01FD3BAD99" box="[599,708,1510,1535]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E92896694137FA01FD41AD99" box="[599,702,1510,1535]" country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Veracruz</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<location id="7A4E6011E928966941ADFA01FCD7AE66" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE928967243F7FB3DFD2FAA5B:7A4E6011E928966941ADFA01FCD7AE66" box="[717,808,1510,1536]" country="Mexico" latitude="18.850473" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-97.10364" name="Orizaba" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" stateProvince="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave">Orizaba</location>
, [
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE9289669405CFA02FC22AE66" box="[828,989,1509,1536]" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="51" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="1" seconds="01.7" value="18.850473">18º5101.7”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE9289669408AFA02FB6EAE66" box="[1002,1169,1509,1536]" degrees="97" direction="west" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="1" seconds="13.1" value="-97.10364">97º0613.1”W</geoCoordinate>
],
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E928966947C6FA01FB09AE66" box="[1190,1270,1510,1536]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E92896694663FA01FA8BAE66" box="[1283,1396,1510,1536]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
,
<collectorName id="D264531CE928966946E1FA01FF22AE42" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">N. Banks</collectorName>
coll. (
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE9289669424BF9EDFE91AE42" box="[299,366,1546,1572]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
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<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966942E4F9EDFDBBAE42" box="[388,580,1546,1572]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E928966942E4F9EDFDC0AE42" box="[388,575,1546,1572]" country="Mexico" name="San Luis Potosi" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">San Luis Potosí</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="9F4AACB0E9289669412FF9EDFD2DAE42" box="[591,722,1546,1572]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Xilitla City</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="7A4E6011E92896694181F9EDFCA8AE42" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE928967243F7FB3DFD2FAA5B:7A4E6011E92896694181F9EDFCA8AE42" box="[737,855,1546,1572]" country="Mexico" latitude="21.397223" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-98.99389" municipality="Xilitla City" name="Las Pozas" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" stateProvince="San Luis Potosi">Las Pozas</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE92896694006F9EEFC10AE42" box="[870,1007,1545,1572]" degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="15" seconds="50" value="21.397223">21º2350”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE9289669409EF9EEFB73AE42" box="[1022,1164,1545,1572]" degrees="98" direction="west" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="15" seconds="38" value="-98.99389">98º5938”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E928966947FAF9EEFB0FAE42" box="[1178,1264,1545,1572]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="generic">
<quantity id="B8699B2FE928966947FAF9EEFB14AE42" box="[1178,1259,1545,1572]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="600.0">
<elevation id="F4BCD1F9E928966947FAF9EEFB14AE42" box="[1178,1259,1545,1572]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E92896694790F9EDFCC1AE2E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878330" collectingDate="2011-11-14" collectingDateMax="2011-11-18" collectingDateMin="2011-11-14" collectionCode="UNAM" collectorName="AracnoLab" country="Mexico" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" specimenCode="JAM231" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="San Luis Potosi">
a.s.l.,
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E92896694651F9EDFA67AE42" box="[1329,1432,1546,1572]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
,
<date id="0B2F100AE928966943F7F9C9FEBDAE2E" box="[151,322,1582,1608]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2011-11-14" valueMax="2011-11-18" valueMin="2011-11-14">
<collectingDate id="1B6BE9E2E928966943F7F9C9FEBDAE2E" box="[151,322,1582,1608]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2011-11-14" valueMax="2011-11-18" valueMin="2011-11-14">1418.XI.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE9289669422EF9C9FE5BAE2E" box="[334,420,1582,1608]" country="Mexico" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/10ei-x9nj" name="Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">UNAM</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="D264531CE928966942CAF9C9FDD7AE2E" box="[426,552,1582,1608]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">AracnoLab</collectorName>
coll. (
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE92896694110F9C9FD38AE2E" box="[624,711,1582,1608]" country="Mexico" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/10ei-x9nj" name="Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">UNAM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="2F379EB1E928966941AFF9C9FCC9AE2E" box="[719,822,1582,1608]" collectionCode="JAM" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">JAM231</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E9289669402AF9C9FD97AE0A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878319" collectingDate="1946-11-23" collectionCode="CAS" collectorName="E. S. Ross" country="Mexico" latitude="21.341223" location="Tamazunchale" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-98.96386" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="San Luis Potosi">
<location id="7A4E6011E9289669402AF9C9FC11AE2E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE928967243F7FB3DFD2FAA5B:7A4E6011E9289669402AF9C9FC11AE2E" box="[842,1006,1582,1608]" country="Mexico" latitude="21.341223" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-98.96386" name="Tamazunchale" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" stateProvince="San Luis Potosi">Tamazunchale</location>
, [
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE92896694761F9C9FB5DAE2E" box="[1025,1186,1582,1608]" degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="1" seconds="28.4" value="21.341223">21º2028.4”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE928966947CDF9CAFAAAAE2E" box="[1197,1365,1581,1608]" degrees="98" direction="west" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="1" seconds="49.9" value="-98.96386">98º5749.9”W</geoCoordinate>
],
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E92896694607F9C9FF2FAE0A" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
,
<date id="0B2F100AE928966943BDF9B6FEA0AE0D" box="[221,351,1617,1643]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1946-11-23">
<collectingDate id="1B6BE9E2E928966943BDF9B6FEA0AE0D" box="[221,351,1617,1643]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1946-11-23">23.XI.1946</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="D264531CE9289669420CF9B5FE25AE0A" box="[364,474,1618,1644]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">E.S. Ross</collectorName>
coll. (
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE92896694144F9B5FD9FAE0A" box="[548,608,1618,1644]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E92896694116F9B5FDA9AEF6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878326" collectorName="Km NW Ocosocuautla" country="Mexico" elevation="762" latitude="16.993195" location="Ocote Biosphere Reserve" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-93.64105" municipality="Selva" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" specimenCount="762" stateProvince="Chiapas">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92896694116F9B5FD23AE0A" box="[630,732,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E92896694116F9B5FD29AE0A" box="[630,726,1618,1644]" country="Mexico" name="Chiapas" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Chiapas</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="9F4AACB0E92896694185F9B5FCDCAE0A" box="[741,803,1618,1644]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Selva</collectingMunicipality>
el
<location id="7A4E6011E92896694028F9B5FB94AE0A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE928967243F7FB3DFD2FAA5B:7A4E6011E92896694028F9B5FB94AE0A" box="[840,1131,1618,1644]" country="Mexico" latitude="16.993195" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-93.64105" municipality="Selva" name="Ocote Biosphere Reserve" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" stateProvince="Chiapas">Ocote Biosphere Reserve</location>
, 32
<collectorName id="D264531CE928966947F3F9B5FA67AE0A" box="[1171,1432,1618,1644]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Km NW Ocosocuautla</collectorName>
, [
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE928966943FEF992FEC0AEF6" box="[158,319,1653,1680]" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="1" seconds="35.5" value="16.993195">16º5935.5”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE9289669422AF992FE0EAEF6" box="[330,497,1653,1680]" degrees="93" direction="west" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="1" seconds="27.8" value="-93.64105">93º3827.8”W</geoCoordinate>
],
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E92896694163F992FDA9AEF6" box="[515,598,1653,1680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="generic">
<quantity id="B8699B2FE92896694163F992FDAEAEF6" box="[515,593,1653,1680]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="762.0">
<elevation id="F4BCD1F9E92896694163F992FDAEAEF6" box="[515,593,1653,1680]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="762.0">762 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E92896694136F991FA79AEF6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878304" box="[598,1414,1654,1680]" collectingDate="1972-08-27" collectionCode="CAS" collectorName="C. Mullinex &amp; D. E. Breedlove" country="Mexico" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Chiapas">
a.s.l.,
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E928966941F3F991FD08AEF6" box="[659,759,1654,1680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
,
<date id="0B2F100AE92896694062F991FC68AEF6" box="[770,919,1654,1680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1972-08-27">
<collectingDate id="1B6BE9E2E92896694062F991FC68AEF6" box="[770,919,1654,1680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1972-08-27">27.VIII.1972</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="D264531CE928966940C3F991FBD5AEF6" box="[931,1066,1654,1680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. Mullinex</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="D264531CE9289669472EF991FB04AEF6" box="[1102,1275,1654,1680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">D.E. Breedlove</collectorName>
coll. (
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE92896694623F991FA80AEF6" box="[1347,1407,1654,1680]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E928966943A7F97EFD10AF9E" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE928966943A7F97EFD10AF9E" blockId="11.[151,1437,1509,2040]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966943A7F97EFEBDAED5" bold="true" box="[199,322,1689,1715]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Males of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E928966942D9F97DFD3BAED5" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[441,708,1690,1716]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966942D9F97DFD3BAED5" box="[441,708,1690,1716]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Acanthoctenus spiniger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE928966941B5F97DFCD6AED2" box="[725,809,1690,1716]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 11. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, male holotype (NHB 1890.7.1.2924). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. CD, male palp; C, ventral; D, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471482" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471482/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 11</figureCitation>
CD, 12AB) resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E928966947C8F97DFADAAED5" baseAuthorityName="Kraus" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[1192,1317,1690,1716]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virginea">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966947C8F97DFADAAED5" box="[1192,1317,1690,1716]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">A. virginea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9289669464FF97DFEE5AEBE" bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">stat. res., comb. nov.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9289669424BF959FE7EAEBE" box="[299,385,1726,1752]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,193,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-21@32.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 31. Acanthoctenus virginea (Kraus, 1955) stat. res., comb. nov., male holotype (SMF 8676).AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. CD, male palp; C, ventral; D, retrolateral. E, original collection label." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471522/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 31</figureCitation>
CD, 32AB) by the palpal tibia retrolaterally swollen and the RTA short, wider than long. It can be distinguished by the cymbial projection with a slightly anterior slope in ventral view and by the median apophysis with a wider than long proapical hook.
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E928966941BBF8E1FC1AAF79" baseAuthorityName="Kraus" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[731,997,1798,1824]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virginea">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966941BBF8E1FC1AAF79" box="[731,997,1798,1824]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Acanthoctenus virginea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9289669408FF8E1FB16AF46" bold="true" box="[1007,1257,1798,1824]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">stat. res., comb. nov.</emphasis>
presents a pronounced anterior slope in the cymbial projection and a longer than wide proapical hook in the median apophysis. Females of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92896694278F8A9FDDFAF01" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[280,544,1870,1896]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92896694278F8A9FDDFAF01" box="[280,544,1870,1896]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Acanthoctenus spiniger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9289669414EF8A9FD7EAF0E" box="[558,641,1870,1896]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[214,1371,195,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-21@14.[202,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 12. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, copulatory organs.AB, male palp (holotype NHB 1890.7.1.2924); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (CAS); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471484/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 12</figureCitation>
CD, 13C, 14AB) resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E9289669474BF8A9FB5AAF01" baseAuthorityName="Kraus" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[1067,1189,1870,1896]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virginea">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9289669474BF8A9FB5AAF01" box="[1067,1189,1870,1896]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">A. virginea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966947CCF8A9FA63AF0E" bold="true" box="[1196,1436,1870,1896]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">stat. res., comb. nov.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE928966943FFF895FF0CAFEA" box="[159,243,1906,1932]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[216,1370,193,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-17@33.[204,1383,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 32. Acanthoctenus virginea (Kraus, 1955) stat. res., comb. nov., copulatory organs. AB, male palp (holotype, SMF 8676); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (paratype, SMF 8674); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471524/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 32</figureCitation>
CD, 33CD) by the median sector subpentagonal, but it can be distinguished by the anterior border of lateral sectors forming a 90° angle with the median sector longitudinal axis, and by the atrium subtriangular, whereas
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E928966943F7F85DFEEDAFB5" baseAuthorityName="Kraus" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[151,274,1978,2004]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virginea">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E928966943F7F85DFEEDAFB5" box="[151,274,1978,2004]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">A. virginea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92896694278F85DFDF7AFB2" bold="true" box="[280,520,1978,2004]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">stat. res., comb. nov.</emphasis>
presents straight anterior border of the lateral sectors forming a 60° angle with the median sector longitudinal axis and a suboval atrium.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="2BEE6642E92F966E43F7F9DCFF09AE11" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" startId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE92F966E43F7F9DCFF09AE11" blockId="12.[151,1436,1595,1655]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92F966E43F7F9DCFEDEAE35" bold="true" box="[151,289,1595,1619]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
Distribution map of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92F966E429AF9DCFD70AE35" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[506,655,1595,1619]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92F966E429AF9DCFD70AE35" box="[506,655,1595,1619]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Acanthoctenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E92F967243A7F942FB8AAA7F" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE92F966E43A7F942FCEDAFB9" blockId="12.[151,1437,1701,2016]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92F966E43A7F942FCE3AED9" bold="true" box="[199,796,1701,1727]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Description. Male (
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E92F966E42D1F942FDE6AED9" box="[433,537,1701,1727]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
NHB 1890.7.1.2924).
</emphasis>
Total length 11.30. Carapace 6.00 long and 5.00 wide. Clypeus 0.25 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.23, ALE 0.10, PME 0.30, PLE 0.25. Leg measurements: I: femur 8.00/ patella 4.00/ tibia 9.00/ metatarsus 8.40/ tarsus 2.80/ total 32.2; II: 7.00/ 4.00/ 7.00/ 7.00/ 2.00/ 27.00; III: 6.00/ 2.00/ 4.90/ 5.80/ 2.10/ 20.80; IV: 8.40/ 3.80/ 7.00/ 9.00/ 3.00/ 31.20. Leg formula 1423. Leg spination: tibia I and II v-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2, p-1-1-0-1, r-1-0-1-1, III and IV v-2-2-2, r1-1, p1-1; metatarsus I and II v-2-2-2- 2-2, p-1-1-1, r-1-1, III v-1-1-1-1-1, p-1-1-1, r-1-1, IV v-1-1-1-1-1, p-1-1, r-1-1-1. Palp (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE92F966E470BF8BEFB43AF15" box="[1131,1212,1881,1907]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 11. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, male holotype (NHB 1890.7.1.2924). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. CD, male palp; C, ventral; D, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471482" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471482/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 11</figureCitation>
CD, 12AB): tibia shorter than cymbium, swollen retrobasally; RTA with blunt tip; cymbium elongated and with retrobasal projection; embolus elongated, cylindrical, and curved; conductor hyaline and following the tip of embolus; median apophysis laminar and long, spatula-shaped, with a proapical hook.
</paragraph>
<caption id="2BEE6642E92E966F43F7F870FD85AFB2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471482" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471482" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471482/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" startId="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE92E966F43F7F870FD85AFB2" blockId="13.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92E966F43F7F870FEE1AFC9" bold="true" box="[151,286,1943,1967]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92E966F4245F87FFD34AFD6" authority="Keyserling, 1877" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[293,715,1944,1968]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92E966F4245F87FFDECAFC9" box="[293,531,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Acanthoctenus spiniger</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92E966F417AF87FFD34AFD6" author="Keyserling, E. G." box="[538,715,1944,1968]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="609 - 708" refId="ref19313" refString="Keyserling, E. G. (1877) Ueber amerikanische spinnenarten der Unterordnung Citigradae. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-K ˆ niglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 26, 609 - 708." type="journal article" year="1877">Keyserling, 1877</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, male holotype (NHB 1890.7.1.2924). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. CD, male palp; C, ventral; D, retrolateral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E92D966C43F7F87FFB47AFB2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471484" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471484/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" startId="14.[151,250,1944,1968]" targetBox="[214,1371,195,1906]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE92D966C43F7F87FFB47AFB2" blockId="14.[151,1436,1944,2004]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92D966C43F7F87FFEDFAFD6" bold="true" box="[151,288,1944,1968]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92D966C4246F87FFD34AFD6" authority="Keyserling, 1877" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[294,715,1944,1968]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92D966C4246F87FFDEBAFD6" box="[294,532,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Acanthoctenus spiniger</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92D966C417AF87FFD34AFD6" author="Keyserling, E. G." box="[538,715,1944,1968]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="609 - 708" refId="ref19313" refString="Keyserling, E. G. (1877) Ueber amerikanische spinnenarten der Unterordnung Citigradae. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-K ˆ niglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 26, 609 - 708." type="journal article" year="1877">Keyserling, 1877</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, copulatory organs. AB, male palp (holotype NHB 1890.7.1.2924); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (CAS); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E92C966D43F7FB21FF1AAD64" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471486" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471486" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471486/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" startId="15.[151,250,1222,1246]" targetBox="[192,1395,181,1198]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE92C966D43F7FB21FF1AAD64" blockId="15.[151,1437,1222,1282]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92C966D43F7FB21FEE0ACB8" bold="true" box="[151,287,1222,1246]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92C966D4245FB21FD35ACB9" authority="Keyserling, 1877" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[293,714,1222,1247]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92C966D4245FB21FDECACB8" box="[293,531,1222,1246]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Acanthoctenus spiniger</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92C966D4179FB21FD35ACB9" author="Keyserling, E. G." box="[537,714,1222,1247]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="609 - 708" refId="ref19313" refString="Keyserling, E. G. (1877) Ueber amerikanische spinnenarten der Unterordnung Citigradae. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-K ˆ niglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 26, 609 - 708." type="journal article" year="1877">Keyserling, 1877</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, female (CAS). A, habitus, dorsal; B, ocular area, frontal; C, epigynum, ventral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E92C966D43F7F849FE65AF8D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471488" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471488" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471488/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" startId="15.[151,250,1966,1990]" targetBox="[222,1365,1369,1918]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE92C966D43F7F849FE65AF8D" blockId="15.[151,1437,1966,2027]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92C966D43F7F849FEDFAFA1" bold="true" box="[151,288,1966,1991]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E92C966D4247F848FD30AFA1" authority="Keyserling, 1877" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[295,719,1967,1991]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E92C966D4247F848FDE9AFA0" box="[295,534,1967,1991]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Acanthoctenus spiniger</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE92C966D417DF848FD30AFA1" author="Keyserling, E. G." box="[541,719,1967,1991]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="609 - 708" refId="ref19313" refString="Keyserling, E. G. (1877) Ueber amerikanische spinnenarten der Unterordnung Citigradae. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-K ˆ niglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 26, 609 - 708." type="journal article" year="1877">Keyserling, 1877</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, female (CAS). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE933967243A7FF70FE53A993" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E933967243A7FF70FE14A8D6" bold="true" box="[199,491,150,177]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
Female (CAS,
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E93396724218FF71FE21A8D6" box="[376,478,150,176]" country="Mexico" name="Chiapas" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Chiapas</collectingRegion>
).
</emphasis>
Total length 10.50. Carapace 4.92 long and 4.36 wide. Clypeus 0.28 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.20, ALE 0.14, PME 0.28, PLE 0.23. Leg measurements: I: femur 6.08/ patella 2.51/ tibia 6.90/ metatarsus 5.71/ tarsus 1.85/ total 23.05; II: 5.57/ 2.49/ 5.30/ 4.87/ 1.54/ 19.77; III: 4.24/ 1.57/ 3.68/ 4.46/ 1.39/ 15.34; IV: 5.62/ 2.16/ 5.46/ 6.68/ 2.08/ 22.00. Leg formula 1432. Leg spination: tibia I v-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2, p-1-0- 1-1-1, r-0-1-0,1,1, II v 2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2, p-0-0-1-1, r-0-1-1-1, III v-2-2-2, p-1-1, r1-1-1, IV v-2-2-2, p-1-1, r 1-1; metatarsus I, II v-2-2-2-2-2, p-1, r-1, III and IV v-1-1-1-1, p-1-1-, r-1-1-1. Epigynum (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93396724704FEACFB47A903" box="[1124,1208,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[214,1371,195,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-21@14.[202,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 12. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, copulatory organs.AB, male palp (holotype NHB 1890.7.1.2924); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (CAS); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471484/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 12</figureCitation>
CD, 13C, 14AB): median sector subpentagonal, wide anteriorly and extending into the atrium, projected posteriorly; anterior border of the lateral sectors strongly curved; atrium subtriangular, slightly sclerotized; copulatory ducts curved, S-shaped; spermathecae head quote-shaped, with apical glandular openings, spermathecae base curled; fertilization ducts tubular, slanting outwards.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE933967243A7FE19FB8AAA7F" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,573]" box="[199,1141,510,537]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E933967243A7FE19FEC0AA7E" bold="true" box="[199,319,510,536]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Variation.</emphasis>
Four females: total body length 10.5016.20; carapace length 4.926.20.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E933967243A7FDC5FD2FAA5B" box="[199,720,546,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE933967243A7FDC5FD2FAA5B" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,573]" box="[199,720,546,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E933967243A7FDC5FE9EAA5A" bold="true" box="[199,353,546,572]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Distribution.</emphasis>
Central-east
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E93396724296FDC4FDB3AA5B" box="[502,588,547,573]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Mexico</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9339672413BFDC4FD3CAA5B" box="[603,707,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="2F6EBB3EDCA668037537F6B176F91DC7">Revision of the Neotropical spider genus Acanthoctenus (Araneae: Ctenidae Acanthocteninae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6441A38BB51154713AF7E8BAB58B50E8">Polotow, Daniele</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="47EAE9869FD3F5B4335C3FB73B1A60DB">Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva (DEBE), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus São Paulo. Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, CEP 13565 - 905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil. &amp; danielepolotow @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1069 - 1808</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="37A2E833778AB75CAEED8BF454FBAA1F" type="email">danielepolotow@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date id="DD98F69B749AC7664FF4078E7B4C8431">2021</mods:date>
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<treatment id="F73887DCE933967643F7FD69FD4DA8B3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4497853" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177207258" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4497853" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE933967643F7FD69FD4DA8B3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F73887DCE933967643F7FD69FD4DA8B3" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE933967243F7FD69FD72AACE" blockId="16.[151,653,654,717]" box="[151,653,654,681]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<heading id="246681A6E933967243F7FD69FD72AACE" bold="true" box="[151,653,654,681]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E933967243F7FD69FD72AACE" ID-CoL="8VLR" authority="Keyserling, 1877" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,653,654,681]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E933967243F7FD69FD72AACE" bold="true" box="[151,653,654,681]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E933967243F7FD69FE4AAACF" bold="true" box="[151,437,654,681]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Acanthoctenus spinipes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE933967242DDFD69FD72AACE" author="Keyserling, E. G." box="[445,653,654,680]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="609 - 708" refId="ref19313" refString="Keyserling, E. G. (1877) Ueber amerikanische spinnenarten der Unterordnung Citigradae. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-K ˆ niglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 26, 609 - 708." type="journal article" year="1877">Keyserling, 1877</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E933967243F7FD54FEAEAAAB" box="[151,337,690,717]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE933967243F7FD54FEAEAAAB" blockId="16.[151,653,654,717]" box="[151,337,690,717]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE933967243F7FD54FEFFAAAB" box="[151,256,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 10B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9339672426BFD55FEAEAAAB" box="[267,337,690,717]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 15" captionStart-1="FIGURE 16" captionStart-2="FIGURE 17" captionStart-3="FIGURE 18" captionStartId-0="17.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="18.[151,250,1892,1916]" captionStartId-2="19.[151,250,1301,1325]" captionStartId-3="19.[151,250,1979,2003]" captionTargetBox-0="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetBox-1="[174,1411,193,1857]" captionTargetBox-2="[246,1342,181,1277]" captionTargetBox-3="[288,1302,1414,1942]" captionTargetId-0="figure-17@17.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId-1="figure-21@18.[164,1424,181,1868]" captionTargetId-2="figure-17@19.[246,1342,181,1277]" captionTargetId-3="figure-43@19.[255,1332,1385,1955]" captionTargetPageId-0="17" captionTargetPageId-1="18" captionTargetPageId-2="19" captionTargetPageId-3="19" captionText-0="FIGURE 15. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, male (ICN-Ar4667). AC, habitus A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal; DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." captionText-1="FIGURE 16. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, copulatory organs. AB, male palp (ICN-Ar4667); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (ICN-Ar73); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." captionText-2="FIGURE 17. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, female holotype (NHM). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. C, epigynum, ventral." captionText-3="FIGURE 18. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, female (ICN-Ar73). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471490" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471492" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471494" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471496" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4471490/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4471492/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4471494/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/4471496/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">1518</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E933967243F7FD10FCD4AB2B" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE933967243F7FD10FCD4AB2B" blockId="16.[151,1436,759,845]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE933967243F7FD10FD77AB69" author="Keyserling, E. G." box="[151,648,759,783]" page="695" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1877">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E933967243F7FD10FD77AB69" ID-CoL="8VLR" authority="Keyserling, 1877: 695" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityPageNumber="695" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,648,759,783]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E933967243F7FD10FE73AB69" box="[151,396,759,783]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Acanthoctenus spinipes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE933967242F8FD10FD77AB69" author="Keyserling, E. G." box="[408,648,759,783]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="609 - 708" refId="ref19313" refString="Keyserling, E. G. (1877) Ueber amerikanische spinnenarten der Unterordnung Citigradae. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-K ˆ niglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 26, 609 - 708." type="journal article" year="1877">Keyserling, 1877: 695</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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, plate 8, fig. 61 (female
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E933967240C4FD10FC02AB69" box="[932,1021,759,783]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
from
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE93396724727FD10FB51AB69" box="[1095,1198,759,783]" name="Colombia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Colombia</collectingCountry>
, Santa Fé de
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E9339672462DFD1FFA66AB76" box="[1357,1433,760,784]" country="Colombia" name="Bogota" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Bogota</collectingRegion>
, [
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE933967243ADFCF1FEADAB48" box="[205,338,790,814]" degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" precision="1" seconds="39.5" value="4.5943055">4º3539.5”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE9339672423CFCF1FE0DAB48" box="[348,498,790,814]" degrees="74" direction="west" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" precision="1" seconds="56.9" value="-74.03248">74º0156.9”W</geoCoordinate>
] deposited in NHM, examined).—F.O.
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE933967240E2FCF1FB49AB48" author="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O." box="[898,1206,790,814]" page="103" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1897">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE933967240E2FCF1FB49AB48" author="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O." box="[898,1206,790,814]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="52 - 106" refId="ref19572" refString="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O. (1897) On cteniform spiders from the lower Amazons and other regions of North and South America, with a list of all known species of these groups hitherto recorded from the New World. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 (19), 52 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939708680507" type="journal article" year="1897">Pickard-Cambridge 1897: 103</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, plate 4, fig. 3d.—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE93396724619FCF1FE10AB2A" author="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D." page="706" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="2008">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93396724619FCF1FE10AB2A" author="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D." pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="705 - 715" refId="ref19666" refString="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D. (2008) Revision of the Neotropical spider genus Gephyroctenus (Araneae: Ctenidae: Calocteninae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 25 (4), 705 - 715. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81752008000400016" type="journal article" year="2008">Polotow &amp; Brescovit 2008: 706</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9339672416BFCD3FCD8AB2B" author="World Spider Catalog" box="[523,807,820,845]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref20394" refString="World Spider Catalog (2020) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern, Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 6 June 2020) https: // doi. org / 10.24436 / 2" type="book" year="2020">World Spider Catalog 2020</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E933967243F7FC9DFE86ABB8" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE933967243F7FC9DFE86ABB8" blockId="16.[151,1437,890,2033]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E933967243F7FC9DFE30ABF2" bold="true" box="[151,463,890,916]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Other material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E933967242B8FC9CFD92ABDF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878307" collectorName="C. Hernandez &amp; G. Botero" country="Colombia" latitude="4.761722" location="Rio Cuja" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-74.464" municipality="Fusagasuga" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-immature="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Cundinamarca">
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE933967242B8FC9CFD8EABF3" box="[472,625,891,917]" name="Colombia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9339672411DFC9CFCD2ABF3" box="[637,813,891,917]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E9339672411DFC9CFCD8ABF3" box="[637,807,891,917]" country="Colombia" name="Cundinamarca" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Cundinamarca</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="9F4AACB0E93396724056FC9CFC46ABF3" box="[822,953,891,917]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fusagasugá</collectingMunicipality>
(
<location id="7A4E6011E933967240A9FC9CFBCCABF0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE933967643F7FD69FD4DA8B3:7A4E6011E933967240A9FC9CFBCCABF0" box="[969,1075,891,918]" country="Colombia" latitude="4.761722" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-74.464" municipality="Fusagasuga" name="Rio Cuja" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" stateProvince="Cundinamarca">Río Cuja</location>
) [
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE9339672472AFC9CFB23ABF3" box="[1098,1244,891,917]" degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" precision="1" seconds="30.3" value="4.29175">4º1730.3”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE9339672478AFC9DFA6DABF3" box="[1258,1426,890,917]" degrees="74" direction="west" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" precision="1" seconds="02.4" value="-74.41733">74º2502.4”W</geoCoordinate>
],
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E933967243F7FC78FF04ABDF" box="[151,251,927,953]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
,
<collectorName id="D264531CE93396724266FC78FE5FABDF" box="[262,416,927,953]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C. Hernández</collectorName>
coll. (ICN-Ar73);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E93396724112FC78FE8AABB8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878309" collectorName="C. Hernandez &amp; G. Botero" country="Colombia" latitude="4.761722" location="Rio Cuja" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-74.464" municipality="Fusagasuga" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-immature="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Cundinamarca">
Anolaima [
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE9339672418FFC79FC7EABDF" box="[751,897,926,953]" degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" precision="1" seconds="42.2" value="4.761722">4º4542.2”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE933967240EDFC79FBCBABDF" box="[909,1076,926,953]" degrees="74" direction="west" minutes="27" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" precision="1" seconds="50.4" value="-74.464">74º2750.4”W</geoCoordinate>
],
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E93396724726FC78FB6BABDF" box="[1094,1172,927,953]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E933967247FFFC78FADDABDF" box="[1183,1314,927,953]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="immature">1 immature</specimenCount>
,
<collectorName id="D264531CE9339672464EFC78FA63ABDF" box="[1326,1436,927,953]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">G. Botero</collectorName>
coll. (ICN-Ar4667)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E933967243A7FC01FA90AD23" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE933967243A7FC01FA90AD23" blockId="16.[151,1437,890,2033]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E933967243A7FC01FEBDAC66" bold="true" box="[199,322,998,1024]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Males of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E933967242DCFC00FD38AC66" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[444,711,999,1025]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E933967242DCFC00FD38AC66" box="[444,711,999,1025]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Acanthoctenus spinipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE933967241B9FC00FCCFAC67" box="[729,816,998,1025]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@17.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 15. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, male (ICN-Ar4667). AC, habitus A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal; DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471490/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 15</figureCitation>
DE, 16AB) resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E933967247D2FC00FACAAC67" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[1202,1333,999,1025]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamarrei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E933967247D2FC00FACAAC67" box="[1202,1333,999,1025]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. lamarrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9339672465FFC00FA63AC67" bold="true" box="[1343,1436,999,1025]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E9339672465FFC00FA63AC67" box="[1343,1436,999,1025]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE933967243FFFBECFF0BAC43" box="[159,244,1035,1061]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="43.[151,250,1952,1976]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,237,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-24@43.[178,1409,237,1928]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 42. Acanthoctenus lamarrei sp. nov., male holotype (MCZ).AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471544" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471544/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 42</figureCitation>
DE, 43AB) by the median apophysis massive, the apex at least five times wider than the base, and RTA elongated, longer than wide. It can be distinguished by the embolus elongated, the base slightly swollen and starting at 9 oclock and the apex ending at 2 oclock, and RTA distally straight and round.
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93396724722FBB4FB3CAC0B" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[1090,1219,1107,1133]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamarrei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93396724722FBB4FB3CAC0B" box="[1090,1219,1107,1133]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. lamarrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E933967247ABFBB4FADAAC0B" bold="true" box="[1227,1317,1107,1133]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E933967247ABFBB4FADAAC0B" box="[1227,1317,1107,1133]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
presents a shorter embolus, the apex ending at 12 oclock, the base swollen at least four times the apex width, and RTA distally curved. Females of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93396724218FB7CFD7EACD2" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[376,641,1179,1205]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93396724218FB7CFD7EACD2" box="[376,641,1179,1205]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Acanthoctenus spinipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE933967241F1FB7CFD1AACD3" box="[657,741,1179,1205]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1892,1916]" captionTargetBox="[174,1411,193,1857]" captionTargetId="figure-21@18.[164,1424,181,1868]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 16. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, copulatory organs. AB, male palp (ICN-Ar4667); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (ICN-Ar73); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471492" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471492/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 16</figureCitation>
CD, 17C, 18AB) resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E933967247FBFB7CFAC6ACD3" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[1179,1337,1179,1205]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chickeringi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E933967247FBFB7CFAC6ACD3" box="[1179,1337,1179,1205]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. chickeringi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93396724622FB7CFA63ACD3" bold="true" box="[1346,1436,1179,1205]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E93396724622FB7CFA63ACD3" box="[1346,1436,1179,1205]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE933967243FFFB58FF09ACBF" box="[159,246,1215,1241]" captionStart="FIGURE 39" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[167,1419,189,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-21@40.[157,1430,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 39. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., copulatory organs. AB, male palp (paratype, MCZ); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (holotype, MCZ); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471538" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471538/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 39</figureCitation>
CD, 40D, 41AB) by the atrium massive, subquadrangular, as wide as long. It can be distinguished by the anterior and lateral borders of the atrium strongly sclerotized, the median sector not extending into the atrium, and the copulatory ducts S-shaped, not bended apically.
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93396724070FAE0FC51AD47" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[784,942,1287,1313]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chickeringi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93396724070FAE0FC51AD47" box="[784,942,1287,1313]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. chickeringi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E933967240D5FAE0FBF0AD47" bold="true" box="[949,1039,1287,1313]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E933967240D5FAE0FBF0AD47" box="[949,1039,1287,1313]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
presents slightly sclerotized lateral borders on the atrium, an extension of the median sector into the atrium, and apically bended copulatory ducts.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E933967643A7FAA9FB8EA8D7" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE933967243A7FAA9FD87AEEF" blockId="16.[151,1437,890,2033]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E933967243A7FAA9FDABAD0E" bold="true" box="[199,596,1358,1385]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Description. Male (ICN-Ar4667).</emphasis>
Total length 14.73. Carapace 6.75 long and 5.50 wide. Clypeus 0.30 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.38, ALE 0.24, PME 0.39, PLE 0.44. Leg measurements: I: femur 8.80/ patella 3.28/ tibia 9.28/ metatarsus 8.37/ tarsus 2.42/ total 32.15; II: 7.71/ 2.84/ 7.46/ 7.22/ 2.18/ 27.11; III: 6.11/ 2.38/ 5.34/ 6.33/ 2.09/ 22.25; IV: 7.62/ 2.64/ 7.24/ 9.27/ 2.65/ 29.42. Leg formula 1423. Leg spination: tibia I and II v-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2, r-1-1-0-1-1-1, p-1-0-1-1, III and IV v-2-2-2, r-1-0-1-1, p-0-1-1; metatarsus I and II v-2-2-2-2-2, r-1-0-1-1, p-1-1-0- 1; III and IV v-2-2-2, r-1-1-1, p-1-1-0-1. Palp (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE933967241CAF9E4FD01AE7B" box="[682,766,1538,1565]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@17.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 15. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, male (ICN-Ar4667). AC, habitus A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal; DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471490/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 15</figureCitation>
DE, 16AB): tibia shorter than cymbium, slightly curved; RTA with round tip; cymbium elongated and with retrobasal projection; embolus elongated, cylindrical, and bent; conductor hyaline and following the tip of embolus; median apophysis laminar, spatula-shaped, narrow at the base and wider at the apex, with an apical hook.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE933967243A7F974FEFAAF97" blockId="16.[151,1437,890,2033]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E933967243A7F974FE06AECA" bold="true" box="[199,505,1682,1709]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
Female (
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E93396724251F975FE66AECA" box="[305,409,1682,1708]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
NHM).
</emphasis>
Total length 11.00. Carapace 5.10 long and 3.90 wide. Clypeus 0.14 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.20, ALE 0.14, PME 0.28, PLE 0.23. Leg measurements: I: femur 3.20/ patella 1.60/ tibia 2.90/ metatarsus 2.30/ tarsus 1.00/ total 11.00; II: 3.00/ 1.50/ 2.40/ 2.20/ 1.00/ 10.10; III: 2.60/ 1.20/ 2.10/ 2.40/ 1.10/ 9.40; IV: 3.50/ 1.40/ 3.20/ 4.00/ 1.40/ 13.50. Leg formula 4123. Leg spination: tibia I and II v-2-2-2-2-2, r1-1-0, p-0-1-0, III and IV v-2-2-2, r-1-1, p-1-1; metatarsus I, II and III v-2-2-2, r-1-1-1, p-1-1-1, IV v1-1-1-1-1-2, r1-1-1, p1-1-1. Epigynum (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93396724211F8A0FE3CAF07" box="[369,451,1863,1889]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1892,1916]" captionTargetBox="[174,1411,193,1857]" captionTargetId="figure-21@18.[164,1424,181,1868]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 16. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, copulatory organs. AB, male palp (ICN-Ar4667); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (ICN-Ar73); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471492" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471492/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 16</figureCitation>
CD, 17C, 18AB): median sector subpentagonal, wide anteriorly, not extending into the atrium and projected posteriorly; anterior border of the lateral sectors straight forming approximately a 70° angle with the median sector longitudinal axis; subquadrangular atrium; copulatory ducts curved, S-shaped; spermathecae head quote-shaped, with apical glandular openings, spermathecae base curled; fertilization ducts tubular, slanting outwards.
</paragraph>
<caption id="2BEE6642E932967343F7F870FDB7AFB2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471490" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471490/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" startId="17.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE932967343F7F870FDB7AFB2" blockId="17.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E932967343F7F870FEDDAFC9" bold="true" box="[151,290,1943,1967]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E9329673424BF87FFD28AFD6" authority="Keyserling, 1877" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[299,727,1944,1968]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9329673424BF87FFDE4AFC9" box="[299,539,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Acanthoctenus spinipes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93296734144F87FFD28AFD6" author="Keyserling, E. G." box="[548,727,1944,1968]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="609 - 708" refId="ref19313" refString="Keyserling, E. G. (1877) Ueber amerikanische spinnenarten der Unterordnung Citigradae. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-K ˆ niglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 26, 609 - 708." type="journal article" year="1877">Keyserling, 1877</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, male (ICN-Ar4667). AC, habitus A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal; DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E931967043F7F883FBB1AFC6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471492" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471492" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471492/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" startId="18.[151,250,1892,1916]" targetBox="[174,1411,193,1857]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE931967043F7F883FBB1AFC6" blockId="18.[151,1436,1892,1952]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E931967043F7F883FEE0AF1A" bold="true" box="[151,287,1892,1916]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FIGURE 16.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93196704245F883FD36AF1A" authority="Keyserling, 1877" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[293,713,1892,1916]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93196704245F883FDECAF1A" box="[293,531,1892,1916]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Acanthoctenus spinipes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93196704179F883FD36AF1A" author="Keyserling, E. G." box="[537,713,1892,1916]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="609 - 708" refId="ref19313" refString="Keyserling, E. G. (1877) Ueber amerikanische spinnenarten der Unterordnung Citigradae. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-K ˆ niglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 26, 609 - 708." type="journal article" year="1877">Keyserling, 1877</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, copulatory organs. AB, male palp (ICN-Ar4667); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (ICN-Ar73); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E930967143F7FAF2FEE0AD37" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471494" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471494" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471494/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" startId="19.[151,250,1301,1325]" targetBox="[246,1342,181,1277]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE930967143F7FAF2FEE0AD37" blockId="19.[151,1436,1301,1361]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E930967143F7FAF2FEE0AD4B" bold="true" box="[151,287,1301,1325]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">FIGURE 17.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93096714245FAF2FD35AD4B" authority="Keyserling, 1877" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[293,714,1301,1325]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93096714245FAF2FDECAD4B" box="[293,531,1301,1325]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Acanthoctenus spinipes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93096714179FAF2FD35AD4B" author="Keyserling, E. G." box="[537,714,1301,1325]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="609 - 708" refId="ref19313" refString="Keyserling, E. G. (1877) Ueber amerikanische spinnenarten der Unterordnung Citigradae. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-K ˆ niglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 26, 609 - 708." type="journal article" year="1877">Keyserling, 1877</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, female holotype (NHM). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. C, epigynum, ventral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E930967143F7F85CFE48AF9E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471496" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471496" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471496/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" startId="19.[151,250,1979,2003]" targetBox="[288,1302,1414,1942]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE930967143F7F85CFE48AF9E" blockId="19.[151,1436,1979,2040]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E930967143F7F85CFEDFAFB2" bold="true" box="[151,288,1979,2004]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">FIGURE 18.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93096714246F85BFD34AFB2" authority="Keyserling, 1877" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[294,715,1980,2004]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93096714246F85BFDEBAFB5" box="[294,532,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Acanthoctenus spinipes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9309671417BF85BFD34AFB2" author="Keyserling, E. G." box="[539,715,1980,2004]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="609 - 708" refId="ref19313" refString="Keyserling, E. G. (1877) Ueber amerikanische spinnenarten der Unterordnung Citigradae. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-K ˆ niglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 26, 609 - 708." type="journal article" year="1877">Keyserling, 1877</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, female (ICN-Ar73). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE937967643A7FF71FB8EA8D7" blockId="20.[199,1137,150,213]" box="[199,1137,150,177]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E937967643A7FF71FEC0A8D6" bold="true" box="[199,319,150,176]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Variation.</emphasis>
Two females: total body length 10.5016.20; carapace length 4.926.20.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E937967643A7FF5DFD4DA8B3" box="[199,690,186,213]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE937967643A7FF5DFD4DA8B3" blockId="20.[199,1137,150,213]" box="[199,690,186,213]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E937967643A7FF5DFE9EA8B2" bold="true" box="[199,353,186,212]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Distribution.</emphasis>
Central
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE937967642A1FF5CFDD0A8B3" box="[449,559,187,213]" name="Colombia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Colombia</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9379676415FFF5CFD5AA8B3" box="[575,677,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="7380577FD4E7B94AFEF7CD9990C768F3">Revision of the Neotropical spider genus Acanthoctenus (Araneae: Ctenidae Acanthocteninae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FE62EE5BF4279D895C2A21C938DA2AA0">Arizala, Stephany</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="24ADA68C67C046D7FB453AA6561C9F71">Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, (PG-IB / UNICAMP), Bloco O CP- 6109. Av. Bertrand Russel s / n. CEP 13083 - 865 Campinas, SP, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5137E16DE91965780D93088BC48C2B93">Labarque, Facundo Martín</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A5C8271F0B420EDA350E3A317812B8C0">Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva (DEBE), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus São Paulo. Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, CEP 13565 - 905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil. &amp; facundo. labarque @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9413 - 1949</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="88638E6E1BC97B870FC23F8FEC00A3D7">Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva (DEBE), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus São Paulo. Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, CEP 13565 - 905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil. &amp; danielepolotow @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1069 - 1808</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1B3B483D320E1F7AB316768001501D2D" type="email">danielepolotow@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="07510565158A96F1C309E89453ECF479">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="D37B49277AE404E7B43B29A397817D39">
<mods:title id="3FDAADFE965CF8166DB7E874C1FF8057">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="4A6F9E809D4108738A6E263D9067A291">
<mods:date id="C5204580D23BEB8D3220B253AEADA8DC">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="619C7A2697B90F02DFB35D1AD024396A" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="372C1BF423921D22C58CFB8581E48253">2021-01-27</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="28CAE5D7858C2CB450C4CAD3D34F6DE4" type="volume">
<mods:number id="F366452CD6AE85D705944F93EE4DD964">4920</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="1B47A00F88698DF112A64D75ADDE2FA6" type="issue">
<mods:number id="06E6DC66D3F8DD0E4439FF659F0EFCC4">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="E10D73E8E85924DC27D33C076A0A6AAD">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="FEF422CF70DDAC70E9D8D4762F14A3AF">55</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="2150D1B03DFF422CA570ACD4E3C40250">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="8CBFD6C9545E57DF9CAADCA7E42716D4" type="CLB-Dataset">8507</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B5438A55C26B19A39AB221FDE1CBC256" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4920.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="98579A265425CB36803E1EC185952838" type="GBIF-Dataset">8cd8a768-c115-4b2e-8167-f9ae52eb4f80</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BBC74B0776DDEA43CC144484B8BE5D59" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="78D7F9C1689C324975DEDA969035E8B7" type="Zenodo-Dep">4471454</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E279E3AEE807DED64CAF648642E62D6F" type="ZooBank">89E38EAD-A8D2-4ED9-A7D0-8C388A785E61</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="F73887DCE935967943F7FBF1FD4BA89E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4497855" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177207256" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4497855" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE935967943F7FBF1FD4BA89E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F73887DCE935967943F7FBF1FD4BA89E" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<subSubSection id="378B6541E935967443F7FBF1FDAEAC57" box="[151,593,1046,1073]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE935967443F7FBF1FDAEAC57" blockId="22.[151,593,1046,1110]" box="[151,593,1046,1073]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<heading id="246681A6E935967443F7FBF1FDAEAC57" bold="true" box="[151,593,1046,1073]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E935967443F7FBF1FDAEAC57" ID-CoL="8VLF" authority="Simon, 1906" authorityName=", Simon" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,593,1046,1073]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaujoni">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E935967443F7FBF1FDAEAC57" bold="true" box="[151,593,1046,1073]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E935967443F7FBF1FE4FAC57" bold="true" box="[151,432,1046,1073]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Acanthoctenus gaujoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE935967442D8FBF0FDAEAC57" author="Simon, E." box="[440,593,1047,1073]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="284 - 308" refId="ref20184" refString="Simon, E. (1906) Etude sur les araignees de la section des cribellates. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 50, 284 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 19947" type="journal article" year="1906">Simon, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E935967443F7FBDCFEAEAC30" box="[151,337,1083,1110]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE935967443F7FBDCFEAEAC30" blockId="22.[151,593,1046,1110]" box="[151,337,1083,1110]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE935967443F7FBDCFEFFAC33" box="[151,256,1083,1109]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Figs 10B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9359674426BFBDCFEAEAC30" box="[267,337,1083,1110]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 22" captionStart-1="FIGURE 23" captionStart-2="FIGURE 24" captionStart-3="FIGURE 25" captionStartId-0="23.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionStartId-1="24.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionStartId-2="25.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionStartId-3="26.[151,250,791,815]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1398,181,1920]" captionTargetBox-1="[190,1396,189,1887]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetBox-3="[265,1348,194,747]" captionTargetId-0="figure-17@23.[189,1398,181,1920]" captionTargetId-1="figure-21@24.[181,1406,181,1897]" captionTargetId-2="figure-17@25.[151,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetId-3="figure-21@26.[170,1416,181,767]" captionTargetPageId-0="23" captionTargetPageId-1="24" captionTargetPageId-2="25" captionTargetPageId-3="26" captionText-0="FIGURE 22. Acanthoctenus gaujoni Simon, 1906, male (MNHN). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." captionText-1="FIGURE 23. Acanthoctenus gaujoni Simon, 1906, copulatory organs. AB, male palp (MNHN); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (MNHN); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." captionText-2="FIGURE 24. Acanthoctenus gaujoni Simon, 1906, female (MNHN). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral." captionText-3="FIGURE 25. Acanthoctenus gaujoni, Simon, 1906, female (MNHN). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471504" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471506" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471508" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471510" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4471504/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4471506/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4471508/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/4471510/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">2225</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E935967443F7FB9DFD5CADBC" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE935967443F7FB9DFED7AC88" blockId="22.[151,1437,1146,1324]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5F8111E4E935967443F7FB9DFED7AC88" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE935967443F7FB9DFDC6ACF4" author="Simon, E." box="[151,569,1146,1170]" page="290" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" year="1906">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E935967443F7FB9DFDC6ACF4" ID-CoL="8VLF" authority="Simon, 1906: 290" authorityName=", Simon" authorityPageNumber="290" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,569,1146,1170]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaujoni">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E935967443F7FB9DFE80ACF4" box="[151,383,1146,1170]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Acanthoctenus gaujoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE935967442E4FB9DFDC6ACF4" author="Simon, E." box="[388,569,1146,1170]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="284 - 308" refId="ref20184" refString="Simon, E. (1906) Etude sur les araignees de la section des cribellates. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 50, 284 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 19947" type="journal article" year="1906">Simon, 1906: 290</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 2b (male
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E935967441A8FB9DFCDAACF4" box="[712,805,1146,1170]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
and female
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E935967440FEFB9DFBD9ACF4" box="[926,1062,1146,1170]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
from
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE93596744703FB9DFB46ACF4" box="[1123,1209,1146,1170]" name="Ecuador" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E935967447A2FB9DFB0DACF4" box="[1218,1266,1146,1170]" country="Ecuador" name="Loja" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Loja</collectingRegion>
/Zamora, Gaujon coll., deposited in MNHN AR5168;
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E93596744154FB7EFD7BACD7" box="[564,644,1177,1201]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E935967441EDFB7EFD0FACD7" box="[653,752,1177,1201]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="female">9 females</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E9359674419AFB7EFC87ACD7" box="[762,888,1177,1201]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="immature">8 immatures</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E9359674401DFB7EFBEDACD7" box="[893,1042,1177,1201]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
, same locality as the
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E93596744786FB7EFAB9ACD7" box="[1254,1350,1177,1201]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
, MNHN AR229, here designated; all examined).—Mello-Leit„o 1936: 194.—
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE935967440E1FB50FBD2ACB6" author="Bosselaers, J." box="[897,1069,1207,1232]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="141 - 154" refId="ref18599" refString="Bosselaers, J. (2002) A cladistic analysis of Zoropsidae (Araneae), with description of a new genus. Belgian Journal of Zoology, 132 (2), 141 - 154." type="journal article" year="2002">Bosselaers 2002</bibRefCitation>
: figs 3b, 5ab.—
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE935967447B4FB50FEDBAC88" author="World Spider Catalog" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref20394" refString="World Spider Catalog (2020) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern, Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 6 June 2020) https: // doi. org / 10.24436 / 2" type="book" year="2020">World Spider Catalog 2020</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE935967443F7FB12FECCAD4A" blockId="22.[151,1437,1146,1324]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5F8111E4E935967443F7FB12FECCAD4A" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E935967443F7FB12FE7AAD6A" ID-CoL="8VLQ" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,389,1269,1293]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E935967443F7FB12FE7AAD6A" box="[151,389,1269,1293]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Acanthoctenus spiniger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE935967442FFFB12FDB2AD6B" author="Simon, E." box="[415,589,1269,1293]" page="430" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" year="1893">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE935967442FFFB12FDB2AD6B" author="Simon, E." box="[415,589,1269,1293]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="423 - 462" refId="ref20101" refString="Simon, E. (1893) Voyage de M. E. Simon au Venezuela (Decembre 1887 - Avril 1888). 21 e Memoire. Arachnides (1). Familles des Uloboridae, Zoropsidae, Dictynidae, Oecobiidae, Filistatidae, Sicariidae, Leptonetidae, Oonopidae, Dysderidae, Caponiidae, Prodidomidae, Drassidae, Palpimanidae et Zodariidae. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 61 (4, for 1892), 423 - 462." type="journal article" year="1893">Simon 1893: 430</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(misindentification).—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE9359674405BFB12FC13AD6A" author="Griswold, C. E." box="[827,1004,1269,1293]" page="7" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" year="1993">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9359674405BFB12FC13AD6A" author="Griswold, C. E." box="[827,1004,1269,1293]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref19037" refString="Griswold, C. E. (1993) Investigations into the Phylogeny of the Lycosoid spiders and their kin (Arachnida: Araneae: Lycosoidea). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 539, 1 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.539" type="journal article" year="1993">Griswold 1993: 7</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(voucher specimens).—
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93596744780FB12FED0AD4A" author="World Spider Catalog" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref20394" refString="World Spider Catalog (2020) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern, Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 6 June 2020) https: // doi. org / 10.24436 / 2" type="book" year="2020">World Spider Catalog 2020</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE935967443F7FAB3FD5CADBC" blockId="22.[151,1437,1364,1787]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E935967443F7FAB3FF13AD08" bold="true" box="[151,236,1364,1390]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Note 1.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E93596744392FAB3FD60ADBC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878311" collectionCode="MNHN, MHNH" collectorName="A. D. Brescovit" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" specimenCode="AR229, AR5168" specimenCount="4" typeStatus="syntype">
The
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E93596744245FAB2FE78AD09" box="[293,391,1365,1391]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
were kept together in the
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE935967441CDFAB2FCFCAD09" box="[685,771,1365,1391]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">MNHN</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="2F379EB1E93596744068FAB3FCA6AD08" box="[776,857,1364,1390]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">AR229</specimenCode>
until
<collectorName id="D264531CE935967440FAFAB3FBBCAD08" box="[922,1091,1364,1390]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A.D. Brescovit</collectorName>
separated a female and a male in the
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE935967443BEFA9EFECBADF5" box="[222,308,1401,1427]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">MNHN</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="2F379EB1E93596744259FA9FFE64ADF5" box="[313,411,1400,1427]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">AR5168</specimenCode>
, for later designation as
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E935967441CEFA9FFCEAADF4" box="[686,789,1400,1426]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
and
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E9359674402CFA9FFC1CADF4" box="[844,995,1400,1426]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
(
<collectorName id="D264531CE93596744092FA9FFB60ADF4" box="[1010,1183,1400,1426]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A.D. Brescovit</collectorName>
, personal communication).
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE935967443BAFA7BFE5BADD0" author="Bosselaers, J." box="[218,420,1436,1462]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="141 - 154" refId="ref18599" refString="Bosselaers, J. (2002) A cladistic analysis of Zoropsidae (Araneae), with description of a new genus. Belgian Journal of Zoology, 132 (2), 141 - 154." type="journal article" year="2002">Bosselaers (2002)</bibRefCitation>
examined the
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE93596744129FA7AFD60ADD1" box="[585,671,1437,1463]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">MHNH</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="2F379EB1E935967441C4FA7BFCFCADD1" box="[676,771,1436,1463]" collectionCode="MHNH" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">AR5168</specimenCode>
and listed the male incorrectly as a
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E935967447F9FA7BFB01ADD0" box="[1177,1278,1436,1462]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, probably following the information on the label of the vial
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E935967443A7FA03FD86AE9C" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE935967443A7FA03FD86AE9C" blockId="22.[151,1437,1364,1787]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E935967443A7FA03FEE3AD98" bold="true" box="[199,284,1508,1534]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Note 2.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93596744243FA03FE07AD98" author="Simon, E." box="[291,504,1508,1534]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="284 - 308" refId="ref20184" refString="Simon, E. (1906) Etude sur les araignees de la section des cribellates. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 50, 284 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 19947" type="journal article" year="1906">Simon (1906: 290)</bibRefCitation>
described the locality of the
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E93596744020FA02FC5DAD99" box="[832,930,1509,1535]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
as “
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE935967440B1FA03FBCEAD98" box="[977,1073,1508,1534]" name="Ecuador" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
merid.:
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E935967447F1FA03FB38AD98" box="[1169,1223,1508,1534]" country="Ecuador" name="Loja" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Loja</collectingRegion>
, Zamora” (MNHN
<specimenCode id="2F379EB1E935967443F7F9EFFF17AE44" box="[151,232,1544,1570]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">AR229</specimenCode>
and MNHN
<specimenCode id="2F379EB1E9359674421EF9EFFE1DAE45" box="[382,482,1544,1571]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">AR5168</specimenCode>
).
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E93596744296F9EFFDD6AE44" box="[502,553,1544,1570]" country="Ecuador" name="Loja" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Loja</collectingRegion>
is the capital city of
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E9359674407EF9EFFC42AE44" box="[798,957,1544,1570]" country="Ecuador" name="Loja" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Loja Province</collectingRegion>
[
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE935967440ACF9EFFBA7AE44" box="[972,1112,1544,1570]" degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" precision="1" seconds="26.1" value="-4.00725">4º0026.1”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE93596744700F9EFFAFBAE45" box="[1120,1284,1544,1571]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" precision="1" seconds="40.7" value="-79.2113">79º1240.7”W</geoCoordinate>
] and
<collectorName id="D264531CE93596744625F9EEFA63AE45" box="[1349,1436,1545,1571]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Zamora</collectorName>
is the capital city of
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E9359674421DF9CAFD45AE20" box="[381,698,1580,1607]" country="Ecuador" name="Zamora-Chinchipe" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Zamora Chinchipe Province</collectingRegion>
[
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE935967441A7F9CBFCACAE20" box="[711,851,1580,1606]" degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="03" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" precision="1" seconds="43.6" value="-4.0621114">4º0343.6”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE9359674403AF9CBFBFDAE21" box="[858,1026,1580,1607]" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="56" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" precision="1" seconds="48.7" value="-78.94686">78º5648.7”W</geoCoordinate>
], the
<collectingMunicipality id="9F4AACB0E9359674475DF9CBFAECAE20" box="[1085,1299,1580,1606]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">southern Provinces</collectingMunicipality>
of
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE93596744659F9CBFA66AE20" box="[1337,1433,1580,1606]" name="Ecuador" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
.
<collectorName id="D264531CE935967443F7F9B7FF32AE0C" box="[151,205,1616,1642]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Both</collectorName>
cities are separated by 63.5
<collectorName id="D264531CE93596744168F9B6FDCDAE0D" box="[520,562,1617,1643]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Km</collectorName>
and connected by the
<collectorName id="D264531CE9359674404BF9B7FBC5AE0C" box="[811,1082,1616,1642]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Pan-American Highway</collectorName>
(
<collectorName id="D264531CE93596744727F9B7FACFAE0D" box="[1095,1328,1616,1643]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">National Highway E</collectorName>
45), north to the
<collectorName id="D264531CE935967443BEF993FDDDAEE9" box="[222,546,1652,1679]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<location id="7A4E6011E935967443BEF993FDF8AEE8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE935967943F7FBF1FD4BA89E:7A4E6011E935967443BEF993FDF8AEE8" box="[222,519,1652,1678]" country="Ecuador" latitude="-3.9791389" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-79.08525" municipality="southern Provinces" name="Podocarpus National Park" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="Loja">Podocarpus National Park</location>
. It
</collectorName>
is possible that
<collectorName id="D264531CE935967441B8F993FCD5AEE8" box="[728,810,1652,1678]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Gaujon</collectorName>
collected the specimens somewhere between those two cities, however there is no information on a specific locality.
<collectorName id="D264531CE9359674405BF97FFC89AED4" box="[827,886,1688,1714]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Thus</collectorName>
, we will refer to the locality as
<collectorName id="D264531CE935967447B0F97FFAF1AED4" box="[1232,1294,1688,1714]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Lojas</collectorName>
/
<collectorName id="D264531CE93596744677F97FFA91AED4" box="[1303,1390,1688,1714]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Zamora</collectorName>
and used a middle point in the
<collectorName id="D264531CE935967442A2F95BFD2DAEB0" box="[450,722,1724,1750]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Pan-American Highway</collectorName>
between the two cities [
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE93596744081F95BFB92AEB1" box="[993,1133,1724,1751]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" precision="1" seconds="44.9" value="-3.9791389">3º5844.9”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE93596744714F95BFAE7AEB1" box="[1140,1304,1724,1751]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" precision="1" seconds="06.9" value="-79.08525">79º0506.9”W</geoCoordinate>
] to indicate the specimen record in the map (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93596744165F907FD93AE9C" box="[517,620,1760,1786]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="2BEE6642E934967543F7F87FFE29AFB2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471504" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471504" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471504/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" startId="23.[151,250,1944,1968]" targetBox="[189,1398,181,1920]" targetPageId="23">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE934967543F7F87FFE29AFB2" blockId="23.[151,1436,1944,2004]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E934967543F7F87FFEDEAFD6" bold="true" box="[151,289,1944,1968]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">FIGURE 22.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93496754248F87FFD61AFD6" authority="Simon, 1906" authorityName=", Simon" authorityYear="1906" box="[296,670,1944,1968]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaujoni">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93496754248F87FFDEEAFD6" box="[296,529,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Acanthoctenus gaujoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93496754179F87FFD61AFD6" author="Simon, E." box="[537,670,1944,1968]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="284 - 308" refId="ref20184" refString="Simon, E. (1906) Etude sur les araignees de la section des cribellates. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 50, 284 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 19947" type="journal article" year="1906">Simon, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, male (MNHN). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E93B967A43F7F866FC18AFDB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471506" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471506" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471506/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" startId="24.[151,250,1921,1945]" targetBox="[190,1396,189,1887]" targetPageId="24">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE93B967A43F7F866FC18AFDB" blockId="24.[151,1437,1921,1981]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93B967A43F7F866FEDDAFFF" bold="true" box="[151,290,1921,1945]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">FIGURE 23.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93B967A424BF866FD5BAFFF" authority="Simon, 1906" authorityName=", Simon" authorityYear="1906" box="[299,676,1921,1945]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaujoni">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93B967A424BF866FDEAAFFF" box="[299,533,1921,1945]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Acanthoctenus gaujoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93B967A417EF866FD5BAFFF" author="Simon, E." box="[542,676,1921,1945]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="284 - 308" refId="ref20184" refString="Simon, E. (1906) Etude sur les araignees de la section des cribellates. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 50, 284 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 19947" type="journal article" year="1906">Simon, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, copulatory organs. AB, male palp (MNHN); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (MNHN); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E93A967B43F7F87FFEE0AFB2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471508" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471508" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471508/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" startId="25.[151,250,1944,1968]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1920]" targetPageId="25">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE93A967B43F7F87FFEE0AFB2" blockId="25.[151,1437,1944,2004]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93A967B43F7F87FFEDEAFD6" bold="true" box="[151,289,1944,1968]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">FIGURE 24.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93A967B4247F87FFD63AFD6" authority="Simon, 1906" authorityName=", Simon" authorityYear="1906" box="[295,668,1944,1968]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaujoni">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93A967B4247F87FFDEFAFD6" box="[295,528,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Acanthoctenus gaujoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93A967B4177F87FFD63AFD6" author="Simon, E." box="[535,668,1944,1968]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="284 - 308" refId="ref20184" refString="Simon, E. (1906) Etude sur les araignees de la section des cribellates. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 50, 284 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 19947" type="journal article" year="1906">Simon, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, female (MNHN). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E939967843F7FCF0FE80AB32" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471510" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471510" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471510/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" startId="26.[151,250,791,815]" targetBox="[265,1348,194,747]" targetPageId="26">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE939967843F7FCF0FE80AB32" blockId="26.[151,1436,791,852]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E939967843F7FCF0FEDFAB56" bold="true" box="[151,288,791,816]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">FIGURE 25.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93996784246FCFFFD60AB56" authority=", Simon, 1906" authorityName=", Simon" authorityYear="1906" box="[294,671,792,816]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaujoni">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93996784246FCFFFDF1AB49" box="[294,526,792,816]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Acanthoctenus gaujoni</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9399678417BFCFFFD60AB56" author="Simon, E." box="[539,671,792,816]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="284 - 308" refId="ref20184" refString="Simon, E. (1906) Etude sur les araignees de la section des cribellates. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 50, 284 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 19947" type="journal article" year="1906">Simon, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, female (MNHN). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E939967843A7FC65FDCAAB83" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE939967843A7FC65FDCAAB83" blockId="26.[151,1437,898,2040]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E939967843A7FC65FE05ABFA" bold="true" box="[199,506,898,924]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Other material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E93996784160FC65FD7EABA6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878303" country="Ecuador" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="27" specimenCount-female="11" specimenCount-immature="9" specimenCount-male="7">
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE93996784160FC65FD75ABFA" box="[512,650,898,924]" name="Ecuador" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
,
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E939967841F4FC65FCF0ABFA" box="[660,783,898,924]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="female">11 females</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E93996784079FC65FC91ABFA" box="[793,878,898,924]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="male">7 males</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E939967840C3FC65FBCFABFA" box="[931,1072,898,924]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="immature">9 immatures</specimenCount>
, collected in Hamburg in banana imports from Ecuador (CeNaK); same data
</materialsCitation>
,
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E939967841EEFC41FD1AABA6" box="[654,741,934,960]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
(CeNaK);
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E93996784003FC41FDCEAB83" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878327" accessionNumber="SMF 69660" collectingDate="1954-05" collectionCode="SMF" country="Ecuador" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E93996784003FC41FC37ABA6" box="[867,968,934,960]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
,
<date id="0B2F100AE939967840B4FC41FBD8ABA7" box="[980,1063,934,961]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1954-05">
<collectingDate id="1B6BE9E2E939967840B4FC41FBD8ABA7" box="[980,1063,934,961]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1954-05">V.1954</collectingDate>
</date>
, collected in Frankfurt in banana imports from Ecuador (
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE939967842FDFC2DFE28AB82" box="[413,471,970,996]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">SMF</collectionCode>
69660)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E939967843A7FC09FCE1AD2A" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE939967843A7FC09FCE1AD2A" blockId="26.[151,1437,898,2040]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E939967843A7FC09FEBDAC6E" bold="true" box="[199,322,1006,1032]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Males of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E939967842DAFC09FD41AC6E" authorityName=", Simon" authorityYear="1906" box="[442,702,1006,1032]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaujoni">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E939967842DAFC09FD41AC6E" box="[442,702,1006,1032]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Acanthoctenus gaujoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE939967841AFFC09FCD9AC6E" box="[719,806,1006,1032]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[189,1398,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 22. Acanthoctenus gaujoni Simon, 1906, male (MNHN). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471504" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471504/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs 22</figureCitation>
DE, 23AB) resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E939967847C2FC09FAC8AC6E" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[1186,1335,1006,1032]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manauara" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E939967847C2FC09FAC8AC6E" box="[1186,1335,1006,1032]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">A. manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93996784620FC09FA63AC6E" bold="true" box="[1344,1436,1006,1032]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E93996784620FC09FA63AC6E" box="[1344,1436,1006,1032]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE939967843FFFBF5FF0AAC4A" box="[159,245,1042,1068]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="46.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-21@46.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 44. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., male paratype (IBSP 233864). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471548" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471548/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs 44</figureCitation>
DE, 45AB) by the palpal tibia elongated, at least 2.5 times longer than wide, and RTA elongated, longer than wide. It can be distinguished by the median apophysis suboval, with the apex 1.5 times wider than the base.
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E939967846E4FBD1FEF5AC12" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manauara" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E939967846E4FBD1FEF5AC12" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">A. manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93996784272FBBDFE92AC12" bold="true" box="[274,365,1114,1140]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E93996784272FBBDFE92AC12" box="[274,365,1114,1140]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
presents a basally thin median apophysis, the apex more than 3 times wider than the base. Females of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E9399678439DFB99FE01ACFE" authorityName=", Simon" authorityYear="1906" box="[253,510,1150,1176]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaujoni">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9399678439DFB99FE01ACFE" box="[253,510,1150,1176]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Acanthoctenus gaujoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9399678416CFB99FD9FACFE" box="[524,608,1150,1176]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[190,1396,189,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-21@24.[181,1406,181,1897]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 23. Acanthoctenus gaujoni Simon, 1906, copulatory organs. AB, male palp (MNHN); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (MNHN); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471506" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471506/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs 23</figureCitation>
CD, 24D, 25AB) resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E9399678476CFB99FB61ACFE" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[1036,1182,1150,1176]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manauara" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9399678476CFB99FB61ACFE" box="[1036,1182,1150,1176]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">A. manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E939967847C5FB99FB01ACFE" bold="true" box="[1189,1278,1150,1176]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E939967847C5FB99FB01ACFE" box="[1189,1278,1150,1176]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9399678466CFB99FA9FACFF" box="[1292,1376,1150,1177]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="47.[151,250,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox="[210,1374,187,1892]" captionTargetId="figure-17@47.[198,1389,181,1902]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURE 45. Acanthoctenus manauara sp. nov., copulatory organs. AB, male palp (paratype, IBSP 233864); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (holotype, CZPB AR126); C, epigynum, ventral. D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471550/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs 45</figureCitation>
CD, 46D, 47AB) by the median sector subpentagonal, wide anteriorly, extending into the atrium, and the copulatory ducts bended apically. It can be distinguished by the lateral sectors anterior border forming a 60° angle with the median sectors longitudinal axis, and the atrium with two strongly scletotized borders anteriorly.
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93996784781FB0DFA8CAD62" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[1249,1395,1258,1284]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manauara" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93996784781FB0DFA8CAD62" box="[1249,1395,1258,1284]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">A. manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9399678461BFB0DFF37AD4E" bold="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E9399678461BFB0DFF37AD4E" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
presents the anterior border of the lateral sectors forming a 40° angle with the median sectors longitudinal axis, and one anterior strongly sclerotized border in the atrium.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E939967943A7FAB1FDA1A8B3" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE939967843A7FAB1FBBFAEF6" blockId="26.[151,1437,898,2040]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E939967843A7FAB1FD11AD09" bold="true" box="[199,750,1365,1392]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
Description. Male (
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E939967842CBFAB2FDE7AD09" box="[427,536,1365,1391]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
MNHN AR5168).
</emphasis>
Total length 12.28. Carapace 5.28 long and 4.64 wide. Clypeus 0.34 high. Eye diameters:AME 0.30, ALE 0.21, PME 0.36, PLE 0.42. Leg measurements: I: femur 9.10/ patella 3.08/ tibia 10.07/ metatarsus 9.50/ tarsus 2.35/ total 34.10; II: 6.11/ 2.95/ 7.81/ 7.31/ 1.98/ 26.16; III: 5.82/ 2.24/ 5.31/ 5.30/ 1.93/ 20.60; IV: 6.57/ 2.33/ 7.23/ 10.07/ 2.60/ 28.80. Leg formula 1423. Leg spination: tibia I and II v- 2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2, p-1-0-1-1-1, r-0-0-1-1, III v-2-2-2, p-1-1, r-1-1-1, IV v-2-2-2, p-1-1, r-1-1; metatarsus I and II v2-2-2-2-2, p-1-1, r-1, III v-2-2-2, p-1-1-1, r-1-1, IV v1-1-1-1-1, p1-1-, r-1-1-1. Palp (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93996784707F9EDFB42AE42" box="[1127,1213,1546,1572]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[189,1398,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 22. Acanthoctenus gaujoni Simon, 1906, male (MNHN). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. DE, male palp; D, ventral; E, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471504" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471504/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs 22</figureCitation>
DE, 25AB): tibia shorter than cymbium; RTA with large base, tapering to apex; cymbium elongated and with retrobasal projection; embolus elongated, cylindrical, and curved; conductor hyaline and following the tip of embolus; median apophysis laminar, elongated, narrow at the base and wider at the apex, with a proapical hook.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE939967843A7F97DFD1DAF9E" blockId="26.[151,1437,898,2040]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E939967843A7F97DFD5AAED5" bold="true" box="[199,677,1689,1716]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
Female (
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E9399678424CF97EFE2EAED5" box="[300,465,1689,1715]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
MNHN AR5168).
</emphasis>
Total length 12.86. Carapace 5.80 long and 4.82 wide. Clypeus 0.32 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.28, ALE 0.24, PME 0.34, PLE 0.40. Leg measurements: I: femur 6.38/ patella 2.85/ tibia 6.72/ metatarsus 5.52/ tarsus 1.65/ total 23.12; II: 5.77/ 2.56/ 5.42/ 4.86/ 1.67/ 20.28; III: 4.81/ 2.11/ 3.85/ 4.47/ 1.60/ 16.84; IV: 6.22/ 2.21/ 5.09/ absent/ absent. Leg spination: tibia I v-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2, p-0-1-1-1, r-0-1-1-1, II v-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2, p-1-0-1-1, r-1-1-0-1-1, III v-2-2-2, p-1-1, r-1-1-1-1, IV v-2-2-2, p1-1, r1-1; metatarsus I v- 2-2-2-2-2, p-1, r-1-1, II v-2-2-2-2-2, p-1-1, r-1, III v-2-2-2, p-1-1-1-1, r-1-1-1-1, IV absent. Epigynum (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9399678464BF8A9FA67AF0E" box="[1323,1432,1870,1896]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[190,1396,189,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-21@24.[181,1406,181,1897]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 23. Acanthoctenus gaujoni Simon, 1906, copulatory organs. AB, male palp (MNHN); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (MNHN); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471506" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471506/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs 23D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE939967843F7F895FF4BAFEA" box="[151,180,1906,1932]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@25.[151,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 24. Acanthoctenus gaujoni Simon, 1906, female (MNHN). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471508" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471508/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">24</figureCitation>
AB, 25CD): median sector subpentagonal, elongated, wide anteriorly extending into the atrium, projected posteriorly; anterior border of the lateral sectors straight; atrium large, subquadrangular; copulatory ducts strongly sclerotized, curved, S-shaped; spermathecae head quote-shaped, with apical glandular openings, spermathecae base curled; fertilization ducts tubular, slanting outwards.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE938967943A7FF71FDA1A8B3" blockId="27.[151,1436,150,248]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E938967943A7FF71FEC0A8D6" bold="true" box="[199,319,150,176]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Variation.</emphasis>
Seven males: total body length 9.6312.91; carapace length 4.436.01. Eleven females: total length 15.6311.21; carapace length 6.754.93.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E938967943A7FF39FD4BA89E" box="[199,692,222,248]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="distribution">
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<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E938967943A7FF39FE9EA89E" bold="true" box="[199,353,222,248]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Distribution.</emphasis>
Southern
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE938967942B4FF39FDCEA89E" box="[468,561,222,248]" name="Ecuador" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93896794120FF39FD58A89E" box="[576,679,222,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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</document>

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<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E937967643F7FEC1FD9AA926" ID-CoL="64DCV" authority="Simon, 1906" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,613,294,321]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumicola">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E937967643F7FEC1FE3CA927" bold="true" box="[151,451,294,321]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Acanthoctenus dumicola</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE937967642ABFEC1FD9AA926" author="Simon, E." box="[459,613,294,320]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="284 - 308" refId="ref20184" refString="Simon, E. (1906) Etude sur les araignees de la section des cribellates. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 50, 284 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 19947" type="journal article" year="1906">Simon, 1906</bibRefCitation>
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stat. res.
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,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9379676426BFEACFEAEA903" box="[267,337,331,357]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 19" captionStart-1="FIGURE 20" captionStart-2="FIGURE 21" captionStartId-0="20.[151,250,1583,1607]" captionStartId-1="21.[151,250,1940,1964]" captionStartId-2="22.[151,250,904,928]" captionTargetBox-0="[176,1408,879,1549]" captionTargetBox-1="[193,1394,181,1917]" captionTargetBox-2="[207,1381,227,831]" captionTargetId-0="figure-198@20.[170,1418,869,1560]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@21.[193,1394,181,1917]" captionTargetId-2="figure-26@22.[151,1435,201,881]" captionTargetPageId-0="20" captionTargetPageId-1="21" captionTargetPageId-2="22" captionText-0="FIGURE 19. Acanthoctenus dumicola Simon, 1906 stat. res., female (SMF 69661).A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal." captionText-1="FIGURE 20. Acanthoctenus dumicola Simon, 1906 stat. res., female holotype (MNHN AR14426). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral. EF, leg metatarsus-tarsus IV, prolateral; E, arrow to adesmatic joint; F, detail." captionText-2="FIGURE 21. Acanthoctenus dumicola Simon, 1906 stat. res., female (SMF 69661).A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471498" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471500" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471502" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4471498/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4471500/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4471502/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">1921</figureCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE937967643F7FE68FDAEA9C1" author="Simon, E." box="[151,593,399,423]" page="289" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1906">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E937967643F7FE68FDAEA9C1" ID-CoL="64DCV" authority="Simon, 1906: 289" authorityName="Simon" authorityPageNumber="289" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,593,399,423]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumicola">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E937967643F7FE68FE6DA9C1" box="[151,402,399,423]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Acanthoctenus dumicola</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE937967642FAFE68FDAEA9C1" author="Simon, E." box="[410,593,399,423]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="284 - 308" refId="ref20184" refString="Simon, E. (1906) Etude sur les araignees de la section des cribellates. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 50, 284 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 19947" type="journal article" year="1906">Simon, 1906: 289</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(female
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E937967641CDFE68FCF9A9C1" box="[685,774,399,423]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
from
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE93796764025FE68FC4FA9C1" box="[837,944,399,423]" name="Venezuela" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
, La Guaira, [
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE93796764756FE68FB37A9C1" box="[1078,1224,399,423]" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" precision="1" seconds="15.0" value="10.5875">10º3515.0”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE937967647B3FE68FA95A9C1" box="[1235,1386,399,423]" degrees="66" direction="west" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" precision="1" seconds="17.0" value="-66.92139">66º5517.0”W</geoCoordinate>
], deposited in MNHN AR14426, examined).—Mello-Leit„o 1936: 201.—
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE937967640EAFE49FB58A9A0" author="World Spider Catalog" box="[906,1191,430,454]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref20394" refString="World Spider Catalog (2020) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern, Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 6 June 2020) https: // doi. org / 10.24436 / 2" type="book" year="2020">World Spider Catalog 2020</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE937967643F7FE2BFC12A983" blockId="20.[151,1436,399,485]" box="[151,1005,460,485]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5F8111E4E937967643F7FE2BFC12A983" box="[151,1005,460,485]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E937967643F7FE2BFE79A982" ID-CoL="8VLQ" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,390,460,484]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E937967643F7FE2BFE79A982" box="[151,390,460,484]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Acanthoctenus spiniger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE937967642C0FE2BFD93A983" author="Lehtinen, P. T." box="[416,620,460,485]" page="208" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE937967642C0FE2BFD93A983" author="Lehtinen, P. T." box="[416,620,460,485]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="199 - 468" refId="ref19374" refString="Lehtinen, P. T. (1967) Classification of the Cribellate Spiders and some allied families: with notes on the evolution of the subor- der Araneomorpha. Annales Zoologici Fennici, 4, 199 - 468." type="journal article" year="1967">Lehtinen, 1967: 208</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(Syn.).—
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE937967641AAFE2BFC16A983" author="World Spider Catalog" box="[714,1001,460,485]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref20394" refString="World Spider Catalog (2020) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern, Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 6 June 2020) https: // doi. org / 10.24436 / 2" type="book" year="2020">World Spider Catalog 2020</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E937967643F7FDF5FF11AA34" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE937967643F7FDF5FF11AA34" blockId="20.[151,1437,530,845]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E937967643F7FDF5FE22AA4A" bold="true" box="[151,477,530,556]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Other material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E9379676428CFDF4FF15AA34" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878308" accessionNumber="SMF 69661" collectionCode="SMF" country="Venezuela" latitude="7.343167" location="Mararay" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-71.250114" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Apure">
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE9379676428CFDF4FD69AA4B" box="[492,662,531,557]" name="Venezuela" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E937967641C9FDF4FD13AA4B" box="[681,748,531,557]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E937967641C9FDF4FD13AA4B" box="[681,748,531,557]" country="Venezuela" name="Apure" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Apure</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<location id="7A4E6011E93796764064FDF4FC9CAA4B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE937967443F7FEC1FD36A8D7:7A4E6011E93796764064FDF4FC9CAA4B" box="[772,867,531,557]" country="Venezuela" latitude="7.343167" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-71.250114" name="Mararay" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" stateProvince="Apure">Mararay</location>
[
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE93796764019FDF5FBF3AA4B" box="[889,1036,530,557]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" precision="1" seconds="35.4" value="7.343167">7º2035.4”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE93796764740FDF5FB39AA4B" box="[1056,1222,530,557]" degrees="71" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" precision="1" seconds="00.4" value="-71.250114">71º1500.4”W</geoCoordinate>
],
<specimenCount id="6997FD43E93796764781FDF4FAB4AA4B" box="[1249,1355,531,557]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE93796764603FDF4FA62AA4B" box="[1379,1437,531,557]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">SMF</collectionCode>
69661)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E937967643A7FDBDFC5BAB4F" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE937967643A7FDBDFC5BAB4F" blockId="20.[151,1437,530,845]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E937967643A7FDBDFEBDAA12" bold="true" box="[199,322,602,628]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Females of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E937967642B4FDBCFD15AA13" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1906" box="[468,746,603,629]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumicola">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E937967642B4FDBCFD15AA13" box="[468,746,603,629]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Acanthoctenus dumicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93796764194FDBCFCA4AA13" bold="true" box="[756,859,603,629]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">stat. res.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9379676400DFDBCFC3CAA13" box="[877,963,603,629]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1583,1607]" captionTargetBox="[176,1408,879,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-198@20.[170,1418,869,1560]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 19. Acanthoctenus dumicola Simon, 1906 stat. res., female (SMF 69661).A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471498" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471498/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs 19</figureCitation>
AB, 20D, 21AB) resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E937967646E4FDBCFF0FAAFE" authorityName="Chickering" authorityYear="1960" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remotus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E937967646E4FDBCFF0FAAFE" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">A. remotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93796764261FD98FEACAAFF" box="[257,339,639,665]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[162,1422,783,1873]" captionTargetId="figure-202@35.[151,1435,777,1881]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 34. Acanthoctenus remotus Chickering, 1960, copulatory organs.AB, male palp (holotype, MCZ 22882); A, ventral; B, retrolateral; CD, female genitalia (paratype, MCZ 22882); C, epigynum, ventral. D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471528/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
CD;
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE937967642F6FD98FD0DAAFF" author="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D." box="[406,754,639,665]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="39 - 46" refId="ref19722" refString="Polotow, D. &amp; Brescovit, A. D. (2012) An update on tropical Ctenidae from Jamaica (Arachnida, Araneae). Zootaxa, 3481 (1), 39 - 46. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3481.1.3" type="journal article" year="2012">Polotow &amp; Brescovit 2012: 41</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 1cd) by the atrium with two strongly sclerotized anterior borders and the lateral sectors anterior border forming a 30° angle with the median sector longitudinal axis. It can be distinguished by the median sector 1.5 times longer than wide, the atrium narrowed, and the presence of an adesmatic joint in the metatarsus IV (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9379676415DFD0CFD70AB63" box="[573,655,747,773]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[193,1394,181,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[193,1394,181,1917]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 20. Acanthoctenus dumicola Simon, 1906 stat. res., female holotype (MNHN AR14426). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral. EF, leg metatarsus-tarsus IV, prolateral; E, arrow to adesmatic joint; F, detail." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471500" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471500/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
EF).
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E937967641B5FD0CFCB2AB62" authorityName="Chickering" authorityYear="1960" box="[725,845,747,773]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remotus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E937967641B5FD0CFCB2AB62" box="[725,845,747,773]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">A. remotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
presents an elongated median sector, more than two times longer than wide, a broader atrium, and an entire metatarsus IV.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E937967643A7FCD5FD25AF91" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE937967643A7FCD5FDDFAB2B" blockId="20.[151,1437,530,845]" box="[199,544,818,845]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E937967643A7FCD5FE5CAB2B" bold="true" box="[199,419,818,845]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Description. Male.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<caption id="2BEE6642E937967643F7F9C8FF23AE0D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471498" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471498" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471498/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" startId="20.[151,250,1583,1607]" targetBox="[176,1408,879,1549]" targetPageId="20">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE937967643F7F9C8FF23AE0D" blockId="20.[151,1437,1583,1643]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E937967643F7F9C8FEE0AE21" bold="true" box="[151,287,1583,1607]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FIGURE 19.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93796764245F9C8FD5BAE21" authority="Simon, 1906" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1906" box="[293,676,1583,1607]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumicola">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93796764245F9C8FDE2AE21" box="[293,541,1583,1607]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Acanthoctenus dumicola</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93796764143F9C8FD5BAE21" author="Simon, E." box="[547,676,1583,1607]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="284 - 308" refId="ref20184" refString="Simon, E. (1906) Etude sur les araignees de la section des cribellates. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 50, 284 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 19947" type="journal article" year="1906">Simon, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E937967641CAF9C8FCFCAE21" bold="true" box="[682,771,1583,1607]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">stat. res.</emphasis>
, female (SMF 69661). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE937967643A7F97EFD25AF91" blockId="20.[151,1437,1689,2039]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E937967643A7F97EFD6AAED5" bold="true" box="[199,661,1689,1715]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
Female (
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E93796764256F97EFE61AED5" box="[310,414,1689,1715]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
MNHN AR14426).
</emphasis>
Total length 13.38. Carapace 5.31 long and 4.87 wide. Clypeus 0.38 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.29, ALE 0.20, PME 0.35, PLE 0.47. Leg measurements: I: femur 6.50/ patella 2.56/ tibia 6.67/ metatarsus 5.85/ tarsus 1.81/ total 23.39; II: 6.51/ 2.67/ 6.19/ 5.39/ 1.62/ 22.38; III: 5.12/ 2.10/ 4.30/ 5.15/ 1.70/ 18.37; IV: 6.94/ 2.35/ 5.67/ 7.53/ 2.20/ 24.69. Leg formula 4123. Leg spination: tibia I and II v2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2, p-1-1-1-1-1, r-1-0-1-1-1, III v2-2-2, p-1-1, r-1-1-1, IV v-2-2-2, p-1-1, r-1-1; metatarsus I and II v-2-2-2-2-2, p-1-0-1-1, r-1-1-0-1, III v-2-2-2, p-1-1-1,r-1-1 and IV v-1-1-1-1-1, p-1-1-1, r-1-1. Epigynum (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE937967643FFF896FF0AAFED" box="[159,245,1905,1931]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1583,1607]" captionTargetBox="[176,1408,879,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-198@20.[170,1418,869,1560]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 19. Acanthoctenus dumicola Simon, 1906 stat. res., female (SMF 69661).A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471498" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471498/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs 19</figureCitation>
AB, 20D, 21AB): median sector subpentagonal, elongated, wide anteriorly, extending into the atrium, and projected posteriorly; anterior border of the lateral sectors straight; atrium small; copulatory ducts strongly sclerotized, curved, S-shaped; spermathecae head quote-shaped, with apical glandular openings, spermathecae base curled; fertilization ducts tubular, slanting outwards
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="2BEE6642E936967743F7F873FAA8AFB7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471500" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471500" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471500/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" startId="21.[151,250,1940,1964]" targetBox="[193,1394,181,1917]" targetPageId="21">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE936967743F7F873FAA8AFB7" blockId="21.[151,1437,1940,2001]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E936967743F7F873FEDFAFCB" bold="true" box="[151,288,1940,1965]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">FIGURE 20.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93696774245F872FD59AFCB" authority="Simon, 1906" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1906" box="[293,678,1941,1965]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumicola">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93696774245F872FDE1AFCB" box="[293,542,1941,1965]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Acanthoctenus dumicola</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93696774144F872FD59AFCB" author="Simon, E." box="[548,678,1941,1965]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="284 - 308" refId="ref20184" refString="Simon, E. (1906) Etude sur les araignees de la section des cribellates. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 50, 284 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 19947" type="journal article" year="1906">Simon, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E936967741CBF872FCF9AFCB" bold="true" box="[683,774,1941,1965]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">stat. res.</emphasis>
, female holotype (MNHN AR14426). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral. EF, leg metatarsus-tarsus IV, prolateral; E, arrow to adesmatic joint; F, detail.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E935967443A7FF71FD36A8D7" box="[199,713,150,177]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE935967443A7FF71FD36A8D7" blockId="22.[199,713,150,177]" box="[199,713,150,177]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E935967443A7FF71FE9EA8D6" bold="true" box="[199,353,150,176]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Distribution.</emphasis>
Northern
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE935967442B3FF70FDB9A8D7" box="[467,582,151,177]" name="Venezuela" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93596744135FF70FD43A8D7" box="[597,700,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,273 @@
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<mods:title id="5BDFBE51D34CCF22E4EFC3DD16E970A0">Revision of the Neotropical spider genus Acanthoctenus (Araneae: Ctenidae Acanthocteninae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BDAFC8F2C40F0A9ED2CEEB023AC7F40A">Arizala, Stephany</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A1E097E0CF5B59C858A38DA3B8B750DF">Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, (PG-IB / UNICAMP), Bloco O CP- 6109. Av. Bertrand Russel s / n. CEP 13083 - 865 Campinas, SP, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CCEA2F6BAC7B5B83DA581245E846E1DE">Labarque, Facundo Martín</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D0C963A28ADC1F8B523AA1ADF6DDEB5C" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9413-1949</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="705A5D4DA0FF5B0903942EDC3C513F5D">Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva (DEBE), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus São Paulo. Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, CEP 13565 - 905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil. &amp; facundo. labarque @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9413 - 1949</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A9F97B3AFCD2482C044C206626725660" type="email">facundo.labarque@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="EADA57080ABA5730AC8891273FD4409E">Polotow, Daniele</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="AA2DA22459BC20E884522667C060CF6F" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1069-1808</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="A3AF3B2EABB1203820974C8C4DB901BA">Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva (DEBE), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus São Paulo. Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, CEP 13565 - 905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil. &amp; danielepolotow @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1069 - 1808</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="743EA2B9E7C82D549C9F34569A730E76" type="email">danielepolotow@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="78B118C3D8BDE58C3075C34C69078794">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="939A991A4248537E9645CD5BADD3F887">
<mods:date id="1A228D1AFA844CA1977266A50D1C783C">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="A42F02F9C08CE352C0311B81C81480D9" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4920.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="F73887DCE938967F43F7FEADFB85A97B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4497857" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177207254" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4497857" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE938967F43F7FEADFB85A97B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F73887DCE938967F43F7FEADFB85A97B" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<subSubSection id="378B6541E938967943F7FEADFDA7A902" box="[151,600,330,357]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE938967943F7FEADFDA7A902" blockId="27.[151,600,330,392]" box="[151,600,330,357]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<heading id="246681A6E938967943F7FEADFDA7A902" bold="true" box="[151,600,330,357]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E938967943F7FEADFDA7A902" ID-CoL="8VLM" authority="Simon, 1906" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,600,330,357]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plebejus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E938967943F7FEADFDA7A902" bold="true" box="[151,600,330,357]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E938967943F7FEADFE49A903" bold="true" box="[151,438,330,357]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Acanthoctenus plebejus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE938967942DEFEADFDA7A902" author="Simon, E." box="[446,600,330,356]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="284 - 308" refId="ref20184" refString="Simon, E. (1906) Etude sur les araignees de la section des cribellates. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 50, 284 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 19947" type="journal article" year="1906">Simon, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE938967943F7FE89FEFFA9EE" box="[151,256,366,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 10B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9389679426BFE89FEAEA9EE" box="[267,337,366,392]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 26" captionStart-1="FIGURE 27" captionStart-2="FIGURE 28" captionStartId-0="27.[151,250,1887,1911]" captionStartId-1="28.[151,250,1696,1720]" captionStartId-2="29.[151,250,1013,1037]" captionTargetBox-0="[162,1425,1161,1859]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,181,1672]" captionTargetBox-2="[230,1375,362,954]" captionTargetId-0="figure-302@27.[155,1432,1151,1864]" captionTargetId-1="figure-21@28.[151,1435,181,1672]" captionTargetId-2="figure-56@29.[151,1435,309,989]" captionTargetPageId-0="27" captionTargetPageId-1="28" captionTargetPageId-2="29" captionText-0="FIGURE 26. Acanthoctenus plebejus Simon, 1906, female holotype (MNHN AR5169).A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal." captionText-1="FIGURE 27. Acanthoctenus plebejus Simon, 1906, female holotype (MNHN AR5169). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral." captionText-2="FIGURE 28. Acanthoctenus plebejus Simon, 1906, female holotype (MNHN AR5169).A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471512" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471514" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471516" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4471512/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4471514/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4471516/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">2628</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E938967943F7FE54FE75A9AD" box="[151,394,435,459]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Acanthoctenus plebejus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE938967942F5FE54FDACA9AD" author="Simon, E." box="[405,595,435,459]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="284 - 308" refId="ref20184" refString="Simon, E. (1906) Etude sur les araignees de la section des cribellates. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 50, 284 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 19947" type="journal article" year="1906">Simon, 1906: 291</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 2A (female
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from
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE938967940CEFE54FBF8A9AD" box="[942,1031,435,459]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE93896794774FE54FB0FA9AD" box="[1044,1264,435,459]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Trinidad and Tobago</collectingCountry>
, [
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,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE938967943A7FE36FE9FA98F" box="[199,352,465,489]" degrees="61" direction="west" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="1" seconds="21.0" value="-61.2225">61°1321.0”W</geoCoordinate>
], deposited in MNHN AR5169, here designated, examined).—Mello-Leit„o 1936: 201.—
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.
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E938967943F7FDE8FE79AA40" ID-CoL="8VLR" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,390,527,551]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E938967943F7FDE8FE79AA40" box="[151,390,527,551]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Acanthoctenus spinipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE938967942C0FDE8FDB1AA41" author="Simon, E." box="[416,590,527,551]" page="430" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1893">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE938967942C0FDE8FDB1AA41" author="Simon, E." box="[416,590,527,551]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="423 - 462" refId="ref20101" refString="Simon, E. (1893) Voyage de M. E. Simon au Venezuela (Decembre 1887 - Avril 1888). 21 e Memoire. Arachnides (1). Familles des Uloboridae, Zoropsidae, Dictynidae, Oecobiidae, Filistatidae, Sicariidae, Leptonetidae, Oonopidae, Dysderidae, Caponiidae, Prodidomidae, Drassidae, Palpimanidae et Zodariidae. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 61 (4, for 1892), 423 - 462." type="journal article" year="1893">Simon 1893: 430</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(misidentification).—
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE938967943F7FDB2FE1DAB0D" blockId="27.[151,1437,597,1127]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E938967943F7FDB2FF29AA09" bold="true" box="[151,214,597,623]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Note.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E938967943BFFDB2FB1DAABD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878323" country="Venezuela" county="Simon" location="In" municipality="It" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
<location id="7A4E6011E938967943BFFDB2FF09AA09" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE938967F43F7FEADFB85A97B:7A4E6011E938967943BFFDB2FF09AA09" box="[223,246,597,623]" country="Venezuela" county="Simon" municipality="It" name="In" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">In</location>
the original description,
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93896794178FDB2FD0FAA09" author="Simon, E." box="[536,752,597,623]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="284 - 308" refId="ref20184" refString="Simon, E. (1906) Etude sur les araignees de la section des cribellates. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 50, 284 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 19947" type="journal article" year="1906">Simon (1906: 291)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned several localities for
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93896794709FDB2FA8BAA09" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1906" box="[1129,1396,597,623]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plebejus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93896794709FDB2FA8BAA09" box="[1129,1396,597,623]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Acanthoctenus plebejus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
including:
<location id="7A4E6011E9389679439AFD9EFEACAAF5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE938967F43F7FEADFB85A97B:7A4E6011E9389679439AFD9EFEACAAF5" box="[250,339,633,659]" country="Venezuela" county="Simon" municipality="It" name="Caracas" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Caracas</location>
and
<location id="7A4E6011E938967942E9FD9EFDECAAF5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE938967F43F7FEADFB85A97B:7A4E6011E938967942E9FD9EFDECAAF5" box="[393,531,633,659]" country="Venezuela" county="Simon" municipality="It" name="San Esteban" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">San Esteban</location>
cities, and a locality close to the intersection
<locationDeviation id="6E9C2FE8E93896794772FD9EFAAAAAF5" box="[1042,1365,633,659]" firstLocation="Orinoco" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" secondLocation="Caroni">between Orinoco and Caroni</locationDeviation>
rivers (
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE938967943FFFD7AFEE7AADE" box="[159,280,669,696]" name="Venezuela" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
),
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE9389679424CFD7AFE28AAD1" box="[300,471,669,695]" name="Trinidad Island" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Trinidad Island</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE93896794287FD7AFD26AADE" box="[487,729,669,696]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Trinidad and Tobago</collectingCountry>
), and
<location id="7A4E6011E9389679407EFD7AFC7EAAD1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE938967F43F7FEADFB85A97B:7A4E6011E9389679407EFD7AFC7EAAD1" box="[798,897,669,695]" country="Venezuela" county="Simon" municipality="It" name="Tarapoto" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tarapoto</location>
city (
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE938967940A3FD7AFC05AAD1" box="[963,1018,669,695]" name="Peru" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Peru</collectingCountry>
) (“—
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE93896794723FD7AFB44AAD1" box="[1091,1211,669,695]" name="Venezuela" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
:
<location id="7A4E6011E938967947A6FD7AFADAAAD1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE938967F43F7FEADFB85A97B:7A4E6011E938967947A6FD7AFADAAAD1" box="[1222,1317,669,695]" country="Venezuela" county="Simon" municipality="It" name="Caracas" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Caracas</location>
!
<location id="7A4E6011E93896794650FD7AFF3AAABD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE938967F43F7FEADFB85A97B:7A4E6011E93896794650FD7AFF3AAABD" country="Venezuela" county="Simon" municipality="It" name="San Esteban" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">San Esteban</location>
!
<location id="7A4E6011E938967943AFFD26FED0AABD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE938967F43F7FEADFB85A97B:7A4E6011E938967943AFFD26FED0AABD" box="[207,303,705,731]" country="Venezuela" county="Simon" municipality="It" name="Orinoco" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Orinoco</location>
:
<location id="7A4E6011E93896794259FD26FE78AABD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE938967F43F7FEADFB85A97B:7A4E6011E93896794259FD26FE78AABD" box="[313,391,705,731]" country="Venezuela" county="Simon" municipality="It" name="Caroni" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Caroni</location>
.—Trinidad.—
<location id="7A4E6011E9389679414DFD26FD5AAABD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE938967F43F7FEADFB85A97B:7A4E6011E9389679414DFD26FD5AAABD" box="[557,677,705,731]" country="Venezuela" county="Simon" municipality="It" name="Amazonas" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Amazonas</location>
:
<location id="7A4E6011E938967941CFFD26FCE0AABD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE938967F43F7FEADFB85A97B:7A4E6011E938967941CFFD26FCE0AABD" box="[687,799,705,731]" country="Venezuela" county="Simon" municipality="It" name="Tarapoto" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tarapoto</location>
!”).
<collectingMunicipality id="9F4AACB0E9389679405FFD26FCAFAABD" box="[831,848,705,731]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">It</collectingMunicipality>
seems that
<collectingCounty id="964F4E46E938967940B1FD26FBE5AABD" box="[977,1050,705,731]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Simon</collectingCounty>
studied a
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E938967947EBFD26FB1DAABD" box="[1163,1250,705,731]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="CFF93C97E93896794789FD26FADCAB21" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3028878313" collectionCode="MNNH" country="Trinidad and Tobago" county="As" location="Also" municipality="Simon" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="AR5169" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
series, however, he did not provide a list of examined material in the original description (1906: 291).
<location id="7A4E6011E9389679472FFD02FB78AA99" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE938967F43F7FEADFB85A97B:7A4E6011E9389679472FFD02FB78AA99" box="[1103,1159,741,767]" country="Trinidad and Tobago" county="As" municipality="Simon" name="Also" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Also</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="9F4AACB0E938967947F1FD02FB25AA99" box="[1169,1242,741,767]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Simon</collectingMunicipality>
described (1906: 291) and illustrated (1906: fig. 2a) one female, but it might not be the same specimen.
<collectingCounty id="964F4E46E93896794706FCEEFB7AAB45" box="[1126,1157,777,803]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">As</collectingCounty>
the
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE938967947D6FCEEFAF3AB45" box="[1206,1292,777,803]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">MNNH</collectionCode>
holds only a female specimen of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E9389679421DFCCAFE04AB21" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1906" box="[381,507,813,839]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plebejus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E9389679421DFCCAFE04AB21" box="[381,507,813,839]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">A. plebejus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectionCode id="1980AE0FE9389679416BFCCAFD9DAB21" box="[523,610,813,839]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">MNNH</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="2F379EB1E93896794109FCCAFD35AB2E" box="[617,714,813,840]" collectionCode="MNNH" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">AR5169</specimenCode>
) from
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE93896794078FCCAFC85AB21" box="[792,890,813,839]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
, we consider it as part of the
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E938967947ACFCCAFADCAB21" box="[1228,1315,813,839]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
series and here designate it as
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E93896794214FCB6FE21AB0D" box="[372,478,849,875]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E938967943A7FC92FE24AC25" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE938967943A7FC92FE24AC25" blockId="27.[151,1437,597,1127]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E938967943A7FC92FEBDABE9" bold="true" box="[199,322,885,911]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Females of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E938967942ACFC92FD2AABE9" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1906" box="[460,725,885,911]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plebejus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E938967942ACFC92FD2AABE9" box="[460,725,885,911]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Acanthoctenus plebejus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93896794185FC92FCC3ABE9" box="[741,828,885,911]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1887,1911]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,1161,1859]" captionTargetId="figure-302@27.[155,1432,1151,1864]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 26. Acanthoctenus plebejus Simon, 1906, female holotype (MNHN AR5169).A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471512" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471512/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 26</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93896794028FC92FC85ABE9" box="[840,890,885,911]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1696,1720]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-21@28.[151,1435,181,1672]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 27. Acanthoctenus plebejus Simon, 1906, female holotype (MNHN AR5169). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471514/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">27D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE938967940E7FC92FC5BABE9" box="[903,932,885,911]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1013,1037]" captionTargetBox="[230,1375,362,954]" captionTargetId="figure-56@29.[151,1435,309,989]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 28. Acanthoctenus plebejus Simon, 1906, female holotype (MNHN AR5169).A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471516" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471516/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">28</figureCitation>
) resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E938967947E1FC92FB03ABE9" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[1153,1276,885,911]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E938967947E1FC92FB03ABE9" box="[1153,1276,885,911]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">A. spinipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9389679466BFC92FAA0ABE9" box="[1291,1375,885,911]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1892,1916]" captionTargetBox="[174,1411,193,1857]" captionTargetId="figure-21@18.[164,1424,181,1868]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 16. Acanthoctenus spinipes Keyserling, 1877, copulatory organs. AB, male palp (ICN-Ar4667); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (ICN-Ar73); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471492" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471492/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 16</figureCitation>
CD, 17C, 18AB) by the atrium massive, subquadrangular, and the copulatory ducts strongly sclerotized. It can be distinguished by the median sector wide anteriorly extending into the atrium, the atrium anterior border slightly sclerotized, and the lateral sectors anterior border strongly curved.
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E938967940FBFC06FBE7AB9D" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[923,1048,993,1019]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E938967940FBFC06FBE7AB9D" box="[923,1048,993,1019]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">A. spinipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lacks an extension of the median sector into the atrium, presents strongly sclerotized anterior and lateral borders of the atrium, and straight anterior borders in the lateral sectors.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E938967F43A7FBAAFEFAA89F" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE938967943A7FBAAFDDFAC01" blockId="27.[151,1437,597,1127]" box="[199,544,1101,1127]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E938967943A7FBAAFE5CAC01" bold="true" box="[199,419,1101,1127]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Description. Male.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<caption id="2BEE6642E938967943F7F8B8FEEAAFFA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471512" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471512" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471512/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" startId="27.[151,250,1887,1911]" targetBox="[162,1425,1161,1859]" targetPageId="27">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE938967943F7F8B8FEEAAFFA" blockId="27.[151,1436,1887,1948]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E938967943F7F8B8FEDFAF1E" bold="true" box="[151,288,1887,1912]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">FIGURE 26.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93896794245F887FD61AF1E" authority="Simon, 1906" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1906" box="[293,670,1888,1912]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plebejus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93896794245F887FDEBAF1E" box="[293,532,1888,1912]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Acanthoctenus plebejus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9389679417AF887FD61AF1E" author="Simon, E." box="[538,670,1888,1912]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="284 - 308" refId="ref20184" refString="Simon, E. (1906) Etude sur les araignees de la section des cribellates. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 50, 284 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 19947" type="journal article" year="1906">Simon, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, female holotype (MNHN AR5169). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E93F967E43F7F947FE39AEBA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471514" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471514/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" startId="28.[151,250,1696,1720]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1672]" targetPageId="28">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE93F967E43F7F947FE39AEBA" blockId="28.[151,1436,1696,1756]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93F967E43F7F947FEDFAEDE" bold="true" box="[151,288,1696,1720]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">FIGURE 27.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93F967E4246F947FD5FAEDE" authority="Simon, 1906" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1906" box="[294,672,1696,1720]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plebejus">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93F967E4246F947FDEAAEDE" box="[294,533,1696,1720]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Acanthoctenus plebejus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93F967E417CF947FD5FAEDE" author="Simon, E." box="[540,672,1696,1720]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="284 - 308" refId="ref20184" refString="Simon, E. (1906) Etude sur les araignees de la section des cribellates. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 50, 284 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 19947" type="journal article" year="1906">Simon, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, female holotype (MNHN AR5169). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE93F967F43A7F8E2FEFAA89F" blockId="28.[151,1437,1797,2040]" lastBlockId="29.[151,1437,151,285]" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93F967E43A7F8E2FD97AF79" bold="true" box="[199,616,1797,1823]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Female (
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E93F967E424CF8E2FE6BAF79" box="[300,404,1797,1823]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
MNHN AR5169).
</emphasis>
Total length 15.02. Carapace 6.29 long and 5.18 wide. Clypeus 0.32 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.27, ALE 0.17, PME 0.34, PLE 0.47. Leg measurements: I: femur 7.12/ patella 2.69/ tibia 8.38/ metatarsus 7.01/ tarsus 1.95/ total 27.15; II: 7.07/ 2.96/ 6.85/ 5.90/ 1.88/ 24.66; III: 5.47/ 2.29/ 4.70/ 5.72/ 1.94/ 20.12; IV: 6.78/ 2.24/ 6.29/ 6.29/ 2.01/ 23.61. Leg formula 1243. Leg spination: tibia I and II v2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2, p-1-1-0-1-1-1, r-0-1-1-1, III v-2-2-2, p-1-1, r-1-1, IV v-2-2-2, p-1-1-1, r-1-1-1-1; metatarsus I and II v-2-2-2-2-2-2, p-1-0-1-1, r-1-0-1, III and IV v-2-2-2, r-1-1-1, p-1-1-1. Epigynum (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93F967E40E0F85EFC29AFB5" box="[896,982,1977,2003]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1887,1911]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,1161,1859]" captionTargetId="figure-302@27.[155,1432,1151,1864]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 26. Acanthoctenus plebejus Simon, 1906, female holotype (MNHN AR5169).A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471512" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471512/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 26</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93F967E4081F85EFBEBAFB5" box="[993,1044,1977,2003]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1696,1720]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-21@28.[151,1435,181,1672]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 27. Acanthoctenus plebejus Simon, 1906, female holotype (MNHN AR5169). AC, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, frontal. D, epigynum, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471514/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">27D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93F967E477FF85EFBC0AFB5" box="[1055,1087,1977,2003]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1013,1037]" captionTargetBox="[230,1375,362,954]" captionTargetId="figure-56@29.[151,1435,309,989]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 28. Acanthoctenus plebejus Simon, 1906, female holotype (MNHN AR5169).A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471516" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471516/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">28</figureCitation>
): median sector subpentagonal, as wide as long, wide anteriorly extending into the atrium, projected posteriorly; anterior border of the lateral sectors curved; atrium large, subquadrangular; copulatory ducts strongly sclerotized, curved, S-shaped; spermathecae head quote-shaped, with apical glandular openings, spermathecae base curled; fertilization ducts tubular, slanting outwards.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E93E967F43A7FEE5FB85A97B" box="[199,1146,258,285]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE93E967F43A7FEE5FB85A97B" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,285]" box="[199,1146,258,285]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93E967F43A7FEE5FE9EA97A" bold="true" box="[199,353,258,284]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Distribution.</emphasis>
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E93E967F4100FEE4FD6FA97B" box="[608,656,259,285]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">type</typeStatus>
locality in
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE93E967F406FFEE4FC07A97B" box="[783,1016,259,285]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Trinidad and Tobago</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93E967F4767FEE4FB92A97B" box="[1031,1133,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
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<mods:title id="9EF04B98A39DF6069AC2A40BED9183A1">Revision of the Neotropical spider genus Acanthoctenus (Araneae: Ctenidae Acanthocteninae)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="D9E0978AA191C42BEAA86D5143FC0967">Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva (DEBE), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus São Paulo. Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, CEP 13565 - 905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil. &amp; facundo. labarque @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9413 - 1949</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="F73887DCE93D964143F7FBE6FD90AA07" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4497865" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177207255" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4497865" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE93D964143F7FBE6FD90AA07" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F73887DCE93D964143F7FBE6FD90AA07" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<subSubSection id="378B6541E93D967C43F7FBE6FC91AC7A" box="[151,878,1025,1052]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE93D967C43F7FBE6FC91AC7A" blockId="30.[151,878,1025,1088]" box="[151,878,1025,1052]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<heading id="246681A6E93D967C43F7FBE6FC91AC7A" bold="true" box="[151,878,1025,1052]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" reason="1">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93D967C43F7FBE6FC91AC7A" bold="true" box="[151,878,1025,1052]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93D967C43F7FBE6FD96AC7D" authority="(Kraus, 1955)" baseAuthorityName="Kraus" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[151,617,1025,1052]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virginea">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93D967C43F7FBE6FE49AC7A" bold="true" box="[151,438,1025,1052]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Acanthoctenus virginea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93D967C42A6FBE6FD9EAC7D" author="Kraus, O." box="[454,609,1025,1051]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref19345" refString="Kraus, O. (1955) Spinnen aus El Salvador (Arachnoidea, Araneae). Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 493, 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1955">Kraus, 1955</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
stat. res., comb. nov.
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E93D967C43F7FBC1FEACAC26" box="[151,339,1062,1088]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE93D967C43F7FBC1FEACAC26" blockId="30.[151,878,1025,1088]" box="[151,339,1062,1088]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93D967C43F7FBC1FEFDAC26" box="[151,258,1062,1088]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figs 10A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93D967C426DFBC1FEACAC26" box="[269,339,1062,1088]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 31" captionStart-1="FIGURE 32" captionStart-2="FIGURE 33" captionStartId-0="32.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="33.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-2="34.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[203,1385,193,1920]" captionTargetBox-1="[216,1370,193,1907]" captionTargetBox-2="[203,1385,215,1920]" captionTargetId-0="figure-21@32.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@33.[204,1383,181,1920]" captionTargetId-2="figure-21@34.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId-0="32" captionTargetPageId-1="33" captionTargetPageId-2="34" captionText-0="FIGURE 31. Acanthoctenus virginea (Kraus, 1955) stat. res., comb. nov., male holotype (SMF 8676).AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. CD, male palp; C, ventral; D, retrolateral. E, original collection label." captionText-1="FIGURE 32. Acanthoctenus virginea (Kraus, 1955) stat. res., comb. nov., copulatory organs. AB, male palp (holotype, SMF 8676); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (paratype, SMF 8674); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." captionText-2="FIGURE 33. Acanthoctenus virginea (Kraus, 1955) stat. res., comb. nov., female paratype (SMF 8674). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. C, epigynum, ventral. D, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings). E, original collection label." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471522" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471524" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471526" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4471522/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4471524/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4471526/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">3133</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E93D967C43F7FB8DFDFAADAC" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE93D967C43F7FB8DFB71AD7A" blockId="30.[151,1437,1130,1338]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5F8111E4E93D967C43F7FB8DFB71AD7A" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE93D967C43F7FB8DFDABACE4" author="Kraus, O." box="[151,596,1130,1154]" page="52" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" year="1955">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93D967C43F7FB8DFDABACE4" authority="Kraus, 1955: 51 - 52" authorityName="Kraus" authorityPageNumber="51 - 52" authorityYear="1955" box="[151,596,1130,1154]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Paracantheis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virginea">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93D967C43F7FB8DFE85ACE4" box="[151,378,1130,1154]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Paracantheis virginea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93D967C42E3FB8CFDABACE4" author="Kraus, O." box="[387,596,1130,1154]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref19345" refString="Kraus, O. (1955) Spinnen aus El Salvador (Arachnoidea, Araneae). Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 493, 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1955">Kraus, 1955: 5152</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 134137 (male
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E93D967C4053FB8DFC73ACE4" box="[819,908,1130,1154]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
from Vulcano
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E93D967C474BFB8DFB55ACE4" box="[1067,1194,1130,1154]" country="El Salvador" name="San Vicente" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">San Vicente</collectingRegion>
, Finca El Carmen,
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E93D967C4616FB8DFE6BACC6" country="El Salvador" name="San Vicente" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">San Vicente Department</collectingRegion>
[
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE93D967C42C1FB6EFDCBACC7" box="[417,564,1161,1185]" degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" precision="1" seconds="35.7" value="13.626583">13°3735.7”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE93D967C4120FB6EFD26ACC7" box="[576,729,1161,1185]" degrees="88" direction="west" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" precision="1" seconds="32.0" value="-88.80889">88°4832.0”W</geoCoordinate>
],
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE93D967C418BFB6EFC9AACC7" box="[747,869,1161,1185]" name="El Salvador" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">El Salvador</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="B8699B2FE93D967C4010FB6EFC3BACC7" box="[880,964,1161,1185]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="m" value="1300.0">1300 m</quantity>
.a.s.l.,
<date id="0B2F100AE93D967C4761FB6EFB80ACC7" box="[1025,1151,1161,1185]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="1951-07-30">30.VII.1951</date>
, A. Zilch coll., deposited in SMF 8676; female
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E93D967C42EFFB4FFE19ACA6" box="[399,486,1192,1216]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
from east of Vulcano Izalco, bottom of Cerro Verde,
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E93D967C476FFB4FFB08ACD9" box="[1039,1271,1192,1216]" country="El Salvador" name="Sonsonate" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Sonsonate Department</collectingRegion>
[
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE93D967C4665FB4FFA67ACA6" box="[1285,1432,1192,1216]" degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" precision="1" seconds="49.4" value="13.830389">13°4949.4”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE93D967C43A7FB21FE9FACB8" box="[199,352,1222,1246]" degrees="89" direction="west" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" precision="1" seconds="55.7" value="-89.61547">89°3655.7”W</geoCoordinate>
],
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE93D967C4214FB21FE10ACB8" box="[372,495,1222,1246]" name="El Salvador" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">El Salvador</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="B8699B2FE93D967C429CFB21FDADACB8" box="[508,594,1222,1246]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
.a.s.l.,
<date id="0B2F100AE93D967C41F1FB21FCF0ACB8" box="[657,783,1222,1246]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="1951-07-26">26.VII.1951</date>
, A. Zilch coll., deposited in SMF 8674; female
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E93D967C466BFB20FA9DACB9" box="[1291,1378,1223,1247]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
from road south of La Palma, El Refugio, [
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE93D967C4128FB02FD24AC9B" box="[584,731,1253,1277]" degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" precision="1" seconds="57.8" value="14.316055">14°1857.8”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE93D967C4187FB02FC93AC9B" box="[743,876,1253,1277]" degrees="89" direction="west" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" precision="15" seconds="31" value="-89.17528">89°1031”W</geoCoordinate>
],
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E93D967C401EFB02FB74AC9A" box="[894,1163,1253,1277]" country="El Salvador" name="Chalatenango" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Chalatenango Department</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE93D967C47F6FB02FAEFAC9B" box="[1174,1296,1253,1277]" name="El Salvador" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">El Salvador</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="B8699B2FE93D967C467AFB02FA92AC9B" box="[1306,1389,1253,1277]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</quantity>
.a.s.l,
<date id="0B2F100AE93D967C43A7FAE4FECFAD7D" box="[199,304,1283,1307]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="1951-11-04">4.XI.1951</date>
, A. Zilch coll., deposited in SMF 8675; all examined).—
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93D967C400FFAE4FB75AD7A" author="World Spider Catalog" box="[879,1162,1283,1308]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refId="ref20394" refString="World Spider Catalog (2020) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern, Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 6 June 2020) https: // doi. org / 10.24436 / 2" type="book" year="2020">World Spider Catalog 2020</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE93D967C43F7FAC5FC18AD5C" blockId="30.[151,1437,1130,1338]" box="[151,999,1314,1338]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5F8111E4E93D967C43F7FAC5FC18AD5C" box="[151,999,1314,1338]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93D967C43F7FAC5FE79AD5C" ID-CoL="8VLR" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,390,1314,1338]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93D967C43F7FAC5FE79AD5C" box="[151,390,1314,1338]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Acanthoctenus spinipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE93D967C42FFFAC5FD9AAD5C" author="Lehtinen, P. T." box="[415,613,1314,1338]" page="256" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93D967C42FFFAC5FD9AAD5C" author="Lehtinen, P. T." box="[415,613,1314,1338]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="199 - 468" refId="ref19374" refString="Lehtinen, P. T. (1967) Classification of the Cribellate Spiders and some allied families: with notes on the evolution of the subor- der Araneomorpha. Annales Zoologici Fennici, 4, 199 - 468." type="journal article" year="1967">Lehtinen 1967: 256</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(Syn.).—
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93D967C41A3FAC5FC1CAD5C" author="World Spider Catalog" box="[707,995,1314,1338]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refId="ref20394" refString="World Spider Catalog (2020) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern, Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 6 June 2020) https: // doi. org / 10.24436 / 2" type="book" year="2020">World Spider Catalog 2020</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE93D967C43F7FA8FFDFAADAC" blockId="30.[151,1437,1384,2023]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93D967C43F7FA8FFF29ADE4" bold="true" box="[151,214,1384,1410]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Note.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93D967C43BDFA8FFE34ADE4" author="Lehtinen, P. T." box="[221,459,1384,1410]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="199 - 468" refId="ref19374" refString="Lehtinen, P. T. (1967) Classification of the Cribellate Spiders and some allied families: with notes on the evolution of the subor- der Araneomorpha. Annales Zoologici Fennici, 4, 199 - 468." type="journal article" year="1967">Lehtinen (1967: 208)</bibRefCitation>
synonymized
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93D967C410EFA8FFC09ADE5" authority="Kraus, 1955" authorityName="Kraus" authorityYear="1955" box="[622,1014,1384,1411]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Paracantheis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virginea">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93D967C410EFA8FFC99ADE4" box="[622,870,1384,1410]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Paracantheis virginea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93D967C400DFA8EFC09ADE5" author="Kraus, O." box="[877,1014,1384,1411]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref19345" refString="Kraus, O. (1955) Spinnen aus El Salvador (Arachnoidea, Araneae). Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 493, 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1955">Kraus, 1955</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93D967C4756FA8FFEF7ADC0" ID-CoL="8VLR" authority="Keyserling, 1877" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93D967C4756FA8FFAC2ADE4" box="[1078,1341,1384,1410]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Acanthoctenus spinipes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93D967C4624FA8EFEF7ADC0" author="Keyserling, E. G." pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="609 - 708" refId="ref19313" refString="Keyserling, E. G. (1877) Ueber amerikanische spinnenarten der Unterordnung Citigradae. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-K ˆ niglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 26, 609 - 708." type="journal article" year="1877">Keyserling, 1877</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
without seeing the
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E93D967C4282FA6AFDEDADC1" box="[482,530,1421,1447]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">type</typeStatus>
specimens of the former. Here we examine the
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E93D967C4746FA6AFBA9ADC1" box="[1062,1110,1421,1447]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">type</typeStatus>
specimens of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93D967C4796FA6AFA92ADC0" authorityName="Kraus" authorityYear="1955" box="[1270,1389,1421,1446]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Paracantheis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virginea">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93D967C4796FA6AFA92ADC0" box="[1270,1389,1421,1446]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">P. virginea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and recognize it as a distinct species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E93D967C43A7FA33FACFAF68" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE93D967C43A7FA33FACFAF68" blockId="30.[151,1437,1384,2023]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93D967C43A7FA33FEBDAD88" bold="true" box="[199,322,1492,1518]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Males of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93D967C42D8FA33FD3DAD88" baseAuthorityName="Kraus" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[440,706,1492,1518]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virginea">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93D967C42D8FA33FD3DAD88" box="[440,706,1492,1518]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Acanthoctenus virginea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93D967C41ABFA33FC3CAD88" bold="true" box="[715,963,1492,1518]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">stat. res., comb. nov.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93D967C40B4FA33FBD5AD88" box="[980,1066,1492,1518]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,193,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-21@32.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 31. Acanthoctenus virginea (Kraus, 1955) stat. res., comb. nov., male holotype (SMF 8676).AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. CD, male palp; C, ventral; D, retrolateral. E, original collection label." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471522/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figs 31</figureCitation>
CD, 32AB) resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93D967C43F7FA1EFEEBAE74" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,276,1529,1555]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93D967C43F7FA1EFEEBAE74" box="[151,276,1529,1555]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">A. spiniger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93D967C4243FA1FFE89AE74" box="[291,374,1528,1554]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 11. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, male holotype (NHB 1890.7.1.2924). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. CD, male palp; C, ventral; D, retrolateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471482" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471482/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figs 11</figureCitation>
CD, 12AB) by the palpal tibia retrolaterally swollen and the RTA short, wider than long. It can be distinguished by the cymbial projection with a pronounced anterior slope in ventral view and by the median apophysis proapical hook elongated, longer than wide.
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93D967C4065F9A6FC7FAE3C" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[773,896,1601,1627]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93D967C4065F9A6FC7FAE3C" box="[773,896,1601,1627]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">A. spiniger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
presents a slightly anterior slope in the cymbial projection and a reduced, wider than long median apophysis proapical hook. Females of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93D967C47F2F983FA63AE18" baseAuthorityName="Kraus" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[1170,1436,1636,1662]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virginea">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93D967C47F2F983FA63AE18" box="[1170,1436,1636,1662]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Acanthoctenus virginea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93D967C43F7F96FFE70AEC4" bold="true" box="[151,399,1672,1698]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">stat. res., comb. nov.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93D967C42FFF96FFE09AEC4" box="[415,502,1672,1698]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[216,1370,193,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-17@33.[204,1383,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 32. Acanthoctenus virginea (Kraus, 1955) stat. res., comb. nov., copulatory organs. AB, male palp (holotype, SMF 8676); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (paratype, SMF 8674); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471524/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figs 32</figureCitation>
CD, 33CD) resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93D967C400FF96EFC13AEC4" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[879,1004,1673,1699]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93D967C400FF96EFC13AEC4" box="[879,1004,1673,1699]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">A. spiniger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93D967C409CF96FFBAEAEC4" box="[1020,1105,1672,1698]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[214,1371,195,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-21@14.[202,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 12. Acanthoctenus spiniger Keyserling, 1877, copulatory organs.AB, male palp (holotype NHB 1890.7.1.2924); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (CAS); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471484/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figs 12</figureCitation>
CD, 14AB) by the median sector subpentagonal, but it can be distinguished by lateral sectors anterior border straight, forming a 60° angle with the median sectors longitudinal axis, and the atrium suboval.
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93D967C401DF936FC08AE8C" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1877" box="[893,1015,1745,1771]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiniger">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93D967C401DF936FC08AE8C" box="[893,1015,1745,1771]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">A. spiniger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
presents curved anterior border of the lateral sectors forming a 90° angle with the median sectors longitudinal axis, and a subtriangular atrium.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E93D964143A7F8FFFDFCAA5B" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE93D964143A7F8FFFCABA89F" blockId="30.[151,1437,1384,2023]" lastBlockId="35.[151,1437,151,609]" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93D967C43A7F8FFFD5DAF54" bold="true" box="[199,674,1816,1842]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
Description. Male (
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E93D967C42CAF8FFFDEDAF54" box="[426,530,1816,1842]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
SMF 8676).
</emphasis>
Total length 11.20. Carapace 4.75 long and 4.00 wide. Clypeus 0.32 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.24, ALE 0.18, PME 0.34, PLE 0.40. Leg measurements: I: femur 7.0/ patella 2.38/ tibia 7.98/ metatarsus 7.56/ tarsus 2.52/ total 27.35; II: 6.02/ 2.24/ 6.58/ 5.88/ 1.82/ 22.54; III: 5.18/ 1.82/ 4.34/ 5.17/ 1.82/ 18.33; IV: absent. Leg spination: tibia I v-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2, r-1-0-0-1, p-1-0-1-1-1; II v-2-2-2-2-2-2-2- 2-2, r-1-1-0-1-1, p-1-0-1-1, III and IV v-2-2-2, r-1-0-1, p-0-1-1; metatarsus I and II v-2-2-2-2-2, r-0-1, p-1-0-1; III and IV v-2-2-2, r-1-1-1, p-1-1-0-1. Palp (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93D967C410BF82BFD3FAF80" box="[619,704,1996,2022]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,193,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-21@32.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 31. Acanthoctenus virginea (Kraus, 1955) stat. res., comb. nov., male holotype (SMF 8676).AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. CD, male palp; C, ventral; D, retrolateral. E, original collection label." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471522/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figs 31</figureCitation>
CD, 32AB): tibia shorter than cymbium, swollen retrobasally; RTA short and blunt; cymbium elongated and with retrobasal projection; embolus elongated, cylindrical, and curved; conductor hyaline and following the tip of embolus; median apophysis laminar, elongated, narrow at the base and wider at the top, with a proapical hook and a retrolateral ridge.
</paragraph>
<caption id="2BEE6642E93C967D43F7F870FC64AFB2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471520" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471520" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471520/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" startId="31.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" targetPageId="31">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE93C967D43F7F870FC64AFB2" blockId="31.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93C967D43F7F870FEDDAFC9" bold="true" box="[151,290,1943,1967]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">FIGURE 30.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93C967D4249F87FFD3AAFD6" authority="(Reimoser, 1939)" baseAuthorityName="Reimoser" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[297,709,1944,1968]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kollari">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93C967D4249F87FFDF5AFD6" box="[297,522,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Acanthoctenus kollari</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93C967D4179F87FFD40AFD6" author="Reimoser, E." box="[537,703,1944,1968]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="328 - 386" refId="ref19928" refString="Reimoser, E. (1939) Wissenshaftliche Ergebnisse der ˆ sterreichischen biologischen Expedition nach Costa Rica. Die Spinnenfauna. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 50, 328 - 386." type="journal article" year="1939">Reimoser, 1939</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, female holotype (HMW 9276). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, frontal. C original collection labels. D, epigynum, ventral. E, internal genitalia, dorsal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E903964243F7F870FC2AAFB2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471522" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471522/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" startId="32.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[203,1385,193,1920]" targetPageId="32">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE903964243F7F870FC2AAFB2" blockId="32.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E903964243F7F870FEE0AFC9" bold="true" box="[151,287,1943,1967]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">FIGURE 31.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90396424244F87FFD5BAFC9" authority="(Kraus, 1955)" baseAuthorityName="Kraus" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[292,676,1943,1968]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virginea">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90396424244F87FFDEDAFC9" box="[292,530,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Acanthoctenus virginea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE9039642417FF87FFD62AFC9" author="Kraus, O." box="[543,669,1943,1968]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref19345" refString="Kraus, O. (1955) Spinnen aus El Salvador (Arachnoidea, Araneae). Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 493, 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1955">Kraus, 1955</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E903964241C9F87FFC7DAFD6" bold="true" box="[681,898,1944,1968]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">stat. res., comb. nov.</emphasis>
, male holotype (SMF 8676). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. CD, male palp; C, ventral; D, retrolateral. E, original collection label.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E902964343F7F870FF23AF9E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471524" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471524/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" startId="33.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[216,1370,193,1907]" targetPageId="33">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE902964343F7F870FF23AF9E" blockId="33.[151,1437,1943,2040]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E902964343F7F870FEDFAFC9" bold="true" box="[151,288,1943,1967]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">FIGURE 32.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90296434246F87FFD58AFC9" authority="(Kraus, 1955)" baseAuthorityName="Kraus" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[294,679,1943,1968]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virginea">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90296434246F87FFDEBAFC9" box="[294,532,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Acanthoctenus virginea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE90296434142F87FFD5EAFC9" author="Kraus, O." box="[546,673,1943,1968]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref19345" refString="Kraus, O. (1955) Spinnen aus El Salvador (Arachnoidea, Araneae). Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 493, 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1955">Kraus, 1955</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E902964341CEF87FFC77AFD6" bold="true" box="[686,904,1944,1968]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">stat. res., comb. nov.</emphasis>
, copulatory organs. AB, male palp (holotype, SMF 8676); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (paratype, SMF 8674); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6642E901964043F7F870FA97AFB2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471526" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4471526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471526/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" startId="34.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[203,1385,215,1920]" targetPageId="34">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE901964043F7F870FA97AFB2" blockId="34.[151,1437,1943,2004]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E901964043F7F870FEDFAFC9" bold="true" box="[151,288,1943,1967]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">FIGURE 33.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E90196404245F87FFD59AFC9" authority="(Kraus, 1955)" baseAuthorityName="Kraus" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[293,678,1943,1968]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virginea">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E90196404245F87FFDEBAFC9" box="[293,532,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Acanthoctenus virginea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE90196404141F87FFD5FAFC9" author="Kraus, O." box="[545,672,1943,1968]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref19345" refString="Kraus, O. (1955) Spinnen aus El Salvador (Arachnoidea, Araneae). Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 493, 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1955">Kraus, 1955</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E901964041CDF87FFC79AFD6" bold="true" box="[685,902,1944,1968]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">stat. res., comb. nov.</emphasis>
, female paratype (SMF 8674). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, ventral. C, epigynum, ventral. D, internal genitalia, dorsal (asterisk to gland openings). E, original collection label.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE900964143A7FEE4FDFCAA5B" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,609]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E900964143A7FEE4FE47A97A" bold="true" box="[199,440,258,285]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Female (SMF 8674).</emphasis>
Total length 9.50. Carapace 4.50 long and 3.00 wide. Clypeus 0.35 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.20, ALE 0.14, PME 0.30, PLE 0.34. Leg measurements: I: femur 4.10/ patella 1.70/ tibia 4.50/ metatarsus 3.80/ tarsus 1.30/ total 15.30; II: 6.022.24/ 6.58/ 5.88/ 1.82/ 22.54; III: 5.18/ 1.82/ 4.34/ 5.17/ 1.82/ 18.33; IV: absent. Leg spination: tibia I v-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2, r-1-0-0-1, p-1-0-1-1-1; II v-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2, r-1-1-0-1-1, p-1-0-1-1, III and IV v-2-2-2, r-1-0-1, p-0-1-1; metatarsus I and II v-2-2-2-2-2, r-0-1, p-1-0-1; III and IV v-2-2-2, r-1-1-1, p-1-1-0-1. Epigynum (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE900964142F5FE50FE14A9B7" box="[405,491,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[216,1370,193,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-17@33.[204,1383,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 32. Acanthoctenus virginea (Kraus, 1955) stat. res., comb. nov., copulatory organs. AB, male palp (holotype, SMF 8676); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (paratype, SMF 8674); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471524/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Figs 32</figureCitation>
CD, 33CD): median sector suboval, elongated, wide anteriorly extending into the atrium, projected posteriorly; anterior border of the lateral sectors straight; atrium large, suboval; copulatory ducts S-shaped; spermathecae head quote-shaped, with apical glandular openings, spermathecae base curled; fertilization ducts tubular, slanting outwards.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E900964143A7FDA1FD90AA07" box="[199,623,582,609]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE900964143A7FDA1FD90AA07" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,609]" box="[199,623,582,609]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E900964143A7FDA1FE9EAA06" bold="true" box="[199,353,582,608]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE90096414207FDA0FE14AA07" box="[359,491,583,609]" name="El Salvador" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">El Salvador</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE9009641429AFDA0FD9CAA07" box="[506,611,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="A296FE99804EAD83CE4476459669104D">Revision of the Neotropical spider genus Acanthoctenus (Araneae: Ctenidae Acanthocteninae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AB2B93C69CF5C88034FB23723AE678AF">Labarque, Facundo Martín</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="57F49664B8EC0564EC44FB5A66FA8AF4">Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva (DEBE), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus São Paulo. Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, CEP 13565 - 905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil. &amp; facundo. labarque @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9413 - 1949</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="50EDF3A67D35069CD2907480ED96B7FF">Polotow, Daniele</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FCD6F883A2742CC02839B2068AA8A2AB" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1069-1808</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="84158B12AB41488D0A133F1E737B274D">Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva (DEBE), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus São Paulo. Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, CEP 13565 - 905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil. &amp; danielepolotow @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1069 - 1808</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6F944820B39FF741EFD55A4DFA6585A2" type="email">danielepolotow@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="5B1B2BBB2C1EC7B7622135359249A5F3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="373A002CB74555C35D219B36AD9379DC">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="803A811948DC201811F99E962D1DF325">
<mods:date id="3F5DA366A28D51EF620A2A10CE854597">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F1FF28A5916077C875CF8761302A5E9F">2021-01-27</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C86AEDA42653116F07D38EFFE91DA53D">4920</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="3C519DDDD28640D4F672D2478A62D53B" type="CLB-Dataset">8507</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="92CD8DB586CD4081538E075FD9B69462" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4920.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="F73887DCE93E967F43F7FB65FD99AF8E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4497859" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177207253" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4497859" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887DCE93E967F43F7FB65FD99AF8E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F73887DCE93E967F43F7FB65FD99AF8E" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<subSubSection id="378B6541E93E967F43F7FB65FD83ACFB" box="[151,636,1154,1181]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE93E967F43F7FB65FD83ACFB" blockId="29.[151,636,1154,1217]" box="[151,636,1154,1181]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<heading id="246681A6E93E967F43F7FB65FD83ACFB" bold="true" box="[151,636,1154,1181]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93E967F43F7FB65FD83ACFB" ID-CoL="8VLG" authority="(Reimoser, 1939)" baseAuthorityName="Reimoser" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[151,636,1154,1181]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kollari">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93E967F43F7FB65FD83ACFB" bold="true" box="[151,636,1154,1181]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93E967F43F7FB65FE5CACFB" bold="true" box="[151,419,1154,1181]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Acanthoctenus kollari</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93E967F42D2FB64FD8CACFB" author="Reimoser, E." box="[434,627,1155,1181]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="328 - 386" refId="ref19928" refString="Reimoser, E. (1939) Wissenshaftliche Ergebnisse der ˆ sterreichischen biologischen Expedition nach Costa Rica. Die Spinnenfauna. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 50, 328 - 386." type="journal article" year="1939">Reimoser, 1939</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E93E967F43F7FB40FEACACA7" box="[151,339,1191,1217]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE93E967F43F7FB40FEACACA7" blockId="29.[151,636,1154,1217]" box="[151,339,1191,1217]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93E967F43F7FB40FEFDACA7" box="[151,258,1191,1217]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 10A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93E967F426DFB40FEACACA7" box="[269,339,1191,1217]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 29" captionStart-1="FIGURE 30" captionStartId-0="30.[151,250,883,907]" captionStartId-1="31.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[177,1416,186,849]" captionTargetBox-1="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId-0="figure-21@30.[168,1420,181,859]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@31.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId-0="30" captionTargetPageId-1="31" captionText-0="FIGURE 29. Acanthoctenus kollari (Reimoser, 1939), female holotype (HMW 9276). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal." captionText-1="FIGURE 30. Acanthoctenus kollari (Reimoser, 1939), female holotype (HMW 9276). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, frontal. C original collection labels. D, epigynum, ventral. E, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471518" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471520" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4471518/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4471520/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">2930</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E93E967F43F7FB0CFB8FAD06" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE93E967F43F7FB0CFB64AD44" blockId="29.[151,1436,1259,1376]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5F8111E4E93E967F43F7FB0CFB64AD44" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE93E967F43F7FB0CFD87AD65" author="Reimoser, E." box="[151,632,1259,1284]" page="369" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="1939">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93E967F43F7FB0CFD87AD65" authority="Reimoser, 1939: 369" authorityName="Reimoser" authorityPageNumber="369" authorityYear="1939" box="[151,632,1259,1284]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Phymatoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kollari">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93E967F43F7FB0CFE7AAD65" box="[151,389,1259,1283]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Phymatoctenus kollari</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93E967F42F3FB0CFD87AD65" author="Reimoser, E." box="[403,632,1259,1284]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="328 - 386" refId="ref19928" refString="Reimoser, E. (1939) Wissenshaftliche Ergebnisse der ˆ sterreichischen biologischen Expedition nach Costa Rica. Die Spinnenfauna. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 50, 328 - 386." type="journal article" year="1939">Reimoser, 1939: 369</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 9 (female
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E93E967F4053FB0CFC73AD65" box="[819,908,1259,1283]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
from Reventazón River,
<collectingRegion id="BD55F828E93E967F47CCFB0BFB03AD62" box="[1196,1276,1260,1284]" country="Costa Rica" name="Cartago" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Cartago</collectingRegion>
[
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE93E967F4671FB0CFA67AD65" box="[1297,1432,1259,1283]" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="51" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="1" seconds="54.8" value="9.865223">9°5154.8”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA5500DE93E967F43A7FAEDFE9FAD44" box="[199,352,1290,1314]" degrees="83" direction="west" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="1" seconds="09.8" value="-83.73605">83°4409.8”W</geoCoordinate>
],
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE93E967F4211FAEDFE1DAD44" box="[369,482,1290,1314]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
, deposited in HMW 9276, examined).—
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93E967F401BFAEDFB68AD44" author="World Spider Catalog" box="[891,1175,1290,1314]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref20394" refString="World Spider Catalog (2020) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern, Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 6 June 2020) https: // doi. org / 10.24436 / 2" type="book" year="2020">World Spider Catalog 2020</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE93E967F43F7FACEFC52AD27" blockId="29.[151,1436,1259,1376]" box="[151,941,1321,1345]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5F8111E4E93E967F43F7FACEFC52AD27" box="[151,941,1321,1345]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93E967F43F7FACEFE96AD27" box="[151,361,1321,1345]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Paracantheis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kollari">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93E967F43F7FACEFE96AD27" box="[151,361,1321,1345]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Paracantheis kollari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE93E967F42E2FACEFDE2AD27" author="Kraus, O." box="[386,541,1321,1345]" page="51" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="1955">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93E967F42E2FACEFDE2AD27" author="Kraus, O." box="[386,541,1321,1345]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref19345" refString="Kraus, O. (1955) Spinnen aus El Salvador (Arachnoidea, Araneae). Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 493, 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1955">Kraus 1955: 51</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(Trans.).
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93E967F411AFACDFD6EAD27" box="[634,657,1322,1345]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30"></emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93E967F41F1FACEFC55AD27" author="World Spider Catalog" box="[657,938,1321,1345]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref20394" refString="World Spider Catalog (2020) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern, Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 6 June 2020) https: // doi. org / 10.24436 / 2" type="book" year="2020">World Spider Catalog 2020</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE93E967F43F7FAA0FB8FAD06" blockId="29.[151,1436,1259,1376]" box="[151,1136,1351,1376]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5F8111E4E93E967F43F7FAA0FB8FAD06" box="[151,1136,1351,1376]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93E967F43F7FAA0FE8AAD39" box="[151,373,1351,1375]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kolleri">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93E967F43F7FAA0FE8AAD39" box="[151,373,1351,1375]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Acanthoctenus kolleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(lapsus)—
<treatmentCitation id="FE3010DBE93E967F4282FAA0FD52AD06" author="Lehtinen, P. T." box="[482,685,1351,1376]" page="208" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93E967F4282FAA0FD52AD06" author="Lehtinen, P. T." box="[482,685,1351,1376]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="199 - 468" refId="ref19374" refString="Lehtinen, P. T. (1967) Classification of the Cribellate Spiders and some allied families: with notes on the evolution of the subor- der Araneomorpha. Annales Zoologici Fennici, 4, 199 - 468." type="journal article" year="1967">Lehtinen 1967: 208</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 259 (Trans.).—
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B3BE93E967F402EFAA0FB93AD06" author="World Spider Catalog" box="[846,1132,1351,1376]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref20394" refString="World Spider Catalog (2020) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern, Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 6 June 2020) https: // doi. org / 10.24436 / 2" type="book" year="2020">World Spider Catalog 2020</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E93E967F43F7FA6AFC69AE5E" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE93E967F43F7FA6AFC69AE5E" blockId="29.[151,1437,1421,2024]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93E967F43F7FA6AFEEDADC1" bold="true" box="[151,274,1421,1447]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Females of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93E967F42C4FA69FD61ADCE" baseAuthorityName="Reimoser" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[420,670,1422,1448]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kollari">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93E967F42C4FA69FD61ADCE" box="[420,670,1422,1448]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Acanthoctenus kollari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93E967F41D0FA69FCF5ADCE" box="[688,778,1422,1448]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="30.[151,250,883,907]" captionTargetBox="[177,1416,186,849]" captionTargetId="figure-21@30.[168,1420,181,859]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 29. Acanthoctenus kollari (Reimoser, 1939), female holotype (HMW 9276). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471518/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 29</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93E967F4079FA69FCCAADCE" box="[793,821,1422,1448]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@31.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 30. Acanthoctenus kollari (Reimoser, 1939), female holotype (HMW 9276). AB, habitus; A, dorsal; B, frontal. C original collection labels. D, epigynum, ventral. E, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471520" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471520/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">30</figureCitation>
DE) resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93E967F4732FA69FB0DADCE" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[1106,1266,1422,1448]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chickeringi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93E967F4732FA69FB0DADCE" box="[1106,1266,1422,1448]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">A. chickeringi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93E967F479CFA69FAA6ADCE" bold="true" box="[1276,1369,1422,1448]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E93E967F479CFA69FAA6ADCE" box="[1276,1369,1422,1448]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93E967F460AFA69FF4CADAA" captionStart="FIGURE 39" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[167,1419,189,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-21@40.[157,1430,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 39. Acanthoctenus chickeringi sp. nov., copulatory organs. AB, male palp (paratype, MCZ); A, ventral; B, retrolateral. CD, female genitalia (holotype, MCZ); C, epigynum, ventral; D, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471538" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471538/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 39</figureCitation>
CD, 40D, 41) by the atrium with two strongly scletotized anterior borders, and the copulatory ducts bended anteriorly. It can be distinguished by the atrium subtriangular, and the median sector wider anteriorly, as wide as the margins of its lateral extensions.
<taxonomicName id="B8914D49E93E967F4151FA1DFD31AE72" authority="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow, 2021" authorityName="Arizala &amp; Labarque &amp; Polotow" authorityYear="2021" box="[561,718,1530,1556]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Acanthoctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chickeringi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93E967F4151FA1DFD31AE72" box="[561,718,1530,1556]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">A. chickeringi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93E967F41B4FA1DFCD1AE72" bold="true" box="[724,814,1530,1556]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D657A3E93E967F41B4FA1DFCD1AE72" box="[724,814,1530,1556]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
presents a subquadrangular atrium, and an anterior thin median sector, half the width of the margins of its lateral extensions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E93E967F43A7F9A6FEFAAFA2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE93E967F43A7F9A6FDDFAE3A" blockId="29.[151,1437,1421,2024]" box="[199,544,1601,1628]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93E967F43A7F9A6FE5CAE3A" bold="true" box="[199,419,1601,1628]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Description. Male.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE93E967F43A7F981FEFAAFA2" blockId="29.[151,1437,1421,2024]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93E967F43A7F981FDC2AE19" bold="true" box="[199,573,1637,1664]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
Female (
<typeStatus id="A02A8868E93E967F424FF982FE68AE19" box="[303,407,1637,1663]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
HMW 9276).
</emphasis>
Total length 13.00. Carapace 6.00 long, 5.00 wide. Clypeus 0.30 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.30, ALE 0.23, PME 0.30, PLE 0.37 Leg measurements: I: femur 7.00/ patella 4.00/ tibia 7.80/ metatarsus 6.20/ tarsus 2.00/ total 27.00; II: 6.20/ 3.00/ 6.00/ 5.20/ 2.00/ 22.40; III: 5.50/ 2.20/ 5.20/ 7.20/ 2.20/ 22.30; IV: 6.50/ 2.30/ 6.00/ 7.60/ 2.20/ 24.60. Leg formula 1423. Leg spination: tibia I and II v-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2, p-2-2-1, r-1-0-1-1-1, III v-2-2-2, p-1-0-1-1, r-1-0-1-1, IV v-2-2-2, p-1-1, r-1.1; metatarsus I and II v-2-2-2-2-2, p-1, r-1 III v-1-1-1, p-1-1-1-1, r-1-1-1-1, IV v-1-1-1-1, p-1-1-1, r-1-1-1. Epigynum (
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93E967F4775F8FDFB94AF52" box="[1045,1131,1818,1844]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="30.[151,250,883,907]" captionTargetBox="[177,1416,186,849]" captionTargetId="figure-21@30.[168,1420,181,859]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 29. Acanthoctenus kollari (Reimoser, 1939), female holotype (HMW 9276). A, epigynum, ventral; B, internal genitalia, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471518/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 29</figureCitation>
AB, 30DE): median sector subpentagonal, as wide as long, wide anteriorly and extending into the atrium, projected posteriorly; anterior border of the lateral sectors straight; atrium large, subtriangular; copulatory ducts bended, S-shaped; spermathecae head quote-shaped, with apical glandular openings, spermathecae base curled; fertilization ducts tubular, slanting outwards.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B6541E93E967F43A7F82AFD99AF8E" box="[199,614,1997,2024]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7F2E36CAE93E967F43A7F82AFD99AF8E" blockId="29.[151,1437,1421,2024]" box="[199,614,1997,2024]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAD8E93E967F43A7F82AFE9EAF81" bold="true" box="[199,353,1997,2023]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="0786765AE93E967F4207F829FE1EAF8E" box="[359,481,1998,2024]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A4FE93E967F4291F829FDA6AF8E" box="[497,601,1998,2024]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-21@12.[151,1435,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution map of Acanthoctenus species. A, south of North America and Central America; B. north of South America." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4471478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4471478/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
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<mods:title id="8E697BC782FC60DDCF66C00E2A3C8964">Description of the second fossil Baltic amber species of Monotomidae (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="06930ED93F5AC8C34CB5B102B6E57291">Bukejs, Andris</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F4EBF41CD4CCF3F9B9B7A8973017CAE2">Alekseev, Vitalii I.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="F73887F6FFE90668FF15F9CF15C8FCF3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6098634" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119609133" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6098634" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F73887F6FFE90668FF15F9CF15C8FCF3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F73887F6FFE90668FF15F9CF15C8FCF3" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="449" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
<subSubSection id="378B656BFFE9066DFF15F9CF154DF9AD" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7F2E36E0FFE9066DFF15F9CF1656F98E" blockId="1.[151,528,1578,1638]" box="[151,528,1578,1605]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
<heading id="2466818CFFE9066DFF15F9CF1656F98E" bold="true" box="[151,528,1578,1605]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" reason="1">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFE9066DFF15F9CF1656F98E" bold="true" box="[151,528,1578,1605]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
<taxonomicName id="B8914D63FFE9066DFF15F9CF15ECF98F" box="[151,426,1578,1604]" class="Insecta" family="Monotomidae" genus="Aneurops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daugpilensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFE9066DFF15F9CF15ECF98F" bold="true" box="[151,426,1578,1604]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Aneurops daugpilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D65789FFE9066DFE30F9CE1656F98E" box="[434,528,1579,1605]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36E0FFE9066DFF15F9A8154DF9AD" blockId="1.[151,528,1578,1638]" box="[151,267,1613,1638]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
(
<figureCitation id="E7AA2A65FFE9066DFF1DF9A81544F9AD" box="[159,258,1613,1638]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 2" captionStart-1="FIGURES 3 4" captionStartId-0="2.[151,264,1958,1981]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,264,619,642]" captionTargetBox-0="[185,1394,195,1918]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,193,597]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[185,1402,195,1934]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[151,1436,193,598]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 2. Aneurops daugpilensis sp. nov., holotype, habitus: 1 — dorsal view; 2 — ventral view." captionText-1="FIGURES 3 4. Aneurops daugpilensis sp. nov., holotype: 3 — details of prothorax; 4 — details of metathorax and ventrite 1, white arrow shows median plaque." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/231899/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/231900/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Figs 14</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B656BFFE9066DFF15F9701579F84D" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7F2E36E0FFE9066DFF15F9701598F8D1" blockId="1.[151,1437,1685,1998]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFE9066DFF15F9701502F965" bold="true" box="[151,324,1685,1710]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
<typeStatus id="A02A8842FFE9066DFF15F9701494F965" box="[151,210,1685,1710]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="A02A8842FFE9066DFEC8F97015F1F965" box="[330,439,1685,1710]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: Nr. “040” [white printed label], “
<typeStatus id="A02A8842FFE9066DFCACF97017DFF965" box="[814,921,1685,1710]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
/
<taxonomicName id="B8914D63FFE9066DFC2FF97310EDF966" box="[941,1195,1685,1709]" class="Insecta" family="Monotomidae" genus="Aneurops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daugpilensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFE9066DFC2FF97310EDF966" box="[941,1195,1685,1709]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Aneurops daugpilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D65789FFE9066DFB30F973114EF966" box="[1202,1288,1686,1709]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
/ des. Bukejs A. &amp; Alekseev V.” [red printed label]; sex male. A complete beetle is embedded in a small suboval amber piece (length
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, width
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, weight
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); other animals and plant syninclusions are absent. The amber was not subjected to any fixation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36E0FFE9066DFF45F8C01134F8F6" blockId="1.[151,1437,1685,1998]" box="[199,1394,1829,1854]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFE9066DFF45F8C01513F8F5" bold="true" box="[199,341,1829,1854]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
<typeStatus id="A02A8842FFE9066DFF45F8C01544F8F5" box="[199,258,1829,1854]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Type</typeStatus>
strata.
</emphasis>
Baltic amber, Upper Eocene, Prussian Formation (Priabonian). Estimated age: 37.233.9 Ma.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36E0FFE9066DFF45F8AC1579F84D" blockId="1.[151,1437,1685,1998]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFE9066DFF45F8AC1520F8A9" bold="true" box="[199,358,1865,1890]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
<typeStatus id="A02A8842FFE9066DFF45F8AC1544F8A9" box="[199,258,1865,1890]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
Yantarny settlement [formerly Palmnicken], the Sambian [Samland] peninsula, the Kaliningrad region,
<collectingCountry id="07867670FFE9066DFF6EF888157DF84D" box="[236,315,1901,1926]" name="Russia" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Russia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="378B656BFFE9066FFF45F874106FFBE2" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="448" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="7F2E36E0FFE9066DFF45F8741786F805" blockId="1.[151,1437,1685,1998]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFE9066DFF45F8741508F861" bold="true" box="[199,334,1937,1962]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species name is derived from Daugpiļs, the Latgalian name of the Latvian city Daugavpils (
<collectingCountry id="07867670FFE9066DFF1CF85314B8F805" box="[158,254,1974,1998]" name="Germany" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">German</collectingCountry>
: Dünaburg, Russian: Dvinsk), the birthplace of the first author.
</paragraph>
<caption id="2BEE6668FFEA066EFF15F84310DEF877" box="[151,1176,1958,1981]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231899/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" targetBox="[185,1394,195,1918]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="7F2E36E0FFEA066EFF15F84310DEF877" blockId="2.[151,1176,1958,1981]" box="[151,1176,1958,1981]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFEA066EFF15F843157CF877" bold="true" box="[151,314,1958,1981]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">FIGURES 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D63FFEA066EFEC2F8421661F877" box="[320,551,1958,1980]" class="Insecta" family="Monotomidae" genus="Aneurops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daugpilensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFEA066EFEC2F8421661F877" box="[320,551,1958,1980]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Aneurops daugpilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFEA066EFDAFF842163BF877" bold="true" box="[557,637,1959,1980]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D65789FFEA066EFDAFF842163BF877" box="[557,637,1959,1980]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype, habitus: 1—dorsal view; 2—ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2BEE6668FFEB066FFF15FD8E15BEFD6B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/231900/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="448" targetBox="[151,1436,193,597]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="7F2E36E0FFEB066FFF15FD8E15BEFD6B" blockId="3.[151,1436,619,672]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFEB066FFF15FD8E157AFD4B" bold="true" box="[151,316,619,642]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">FIGURES 34.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D63FFEB066FFEC6FD89166BFD4A" box="[324,557,619,641]" class="Insecta" family="Monotomidae" genus="Aneurops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="448" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daugpilensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFEB066FFEC6FD89166BFD4A" box="[324,557,619,641]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">Aneurops daugpilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFEB066FFDB7FD8916CEFD4A" bold="true" box="[565,648,620,641]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D65789FFEB066FFDB7FD8916CEFD4A" box="[565,648,620,641]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype: 3—details of prothorax; 4—details of metathorax and ventrite 1, white arrow shows median plaque.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7F2E36E0FFEB066FFF45FD29154FFC52" blockId="3.[151,1437,716,2038]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFEB066FFF45FD291588FD2E" bold="true" box="[199,462,716,741]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8914D63FFEB066FFE57FD281692FD2E" box="[469,724,717,741]" class="Insecta" family="Monotomidae" genus="Aneurops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="448" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daugpilensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFEB066FFE57FD281692FD2E" box="[469,724,717,741]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">Aneurops daugpilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFEB066FFD5FFD291771FD2E" bold="true" box="[733,823,716,741]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56D65789FFEB066FFD5FFD291771FD2E" box="[733,823,716,741]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is similar to two extant members of genus, but differs from
<taxonomicName id="B8914D63FFEB066FFF56FD141655FCC2" authority="Sharp, 1900" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1900" box="[212,531,752,777]" class="Insecta" family="Monotomidae" genus="Aneurops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="448" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convergens">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFEB066FFF56FD141534FCC3" box="[212,370,753,776]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">A. convergens</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B11FFEB066FFE03FD15164DFCC2" author="Sharp" box="[385,523,752,777]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448" refString="Sharp, D. (1900) Fam. Cucujidae. Fam. Monotomidae. In: Godman, F. D. &amp; Salvin, O. (Eds.), Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Coleoptera. Vol. II. Part 1. Taylor and Francis, London, pp. 561 - 579." type="book chapter" year="1900">Sharp, 1900</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
in having larger punctation on pronotum, head and abdomen (especially ventrite 5); less distinct impunctate median zone on pronotal disc; shorter and sparser setation of median plaque on ventrite 1; shorter elytra; and less convex eyes. The new species differs from
<taxonomicName id="B8914D63FFEB066FFC36FCDC1098FC9A" authority="Sharp, 1900" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1900" box="[948,1246,824,849]" class="Insecta" family="Monotomidae" genus="Aneurops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="448" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="championi">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFEB066FFC36FCDC100DFC9A" box="[948,1099,825,849]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">A. championi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1B004B11FFEB066FFBD7FCDD1098FC9A" author="Sharp" box="[1109,1246,824,849]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448" refString="Sharp, D. (1900) Fam. Cucujidae. Fam. Monotomidae. In: Godman, F. D. &amp; Salvin, O. (Eds.), Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Coleoptera. Vol. II. Part 1. Taylor and Francis, London, pp. 561 - 579." type="book chapter" year="1900">
Sharp,
<quantity id="B8699B05FFEB066FFB24FCDC1098FC9A" box="[1190,1246,825,849]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.826" pageId="3" pageNumber="448" unit="in" value="1900.0">1900</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in having larger punctation on pronotum and abdomen; shorter and sparser setation of median plaque on ventrite 1; and smaller body size.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36E0FFEB066FFF45FC41106FFBE2" blockId="3.[151,1437,716,2038]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">
The newly described species could be compared with contemporary
<taxonomicName id="B8914D63FFEB066FFC5CFC4011DAFC76" authority="Alekseev, 2014" authorityName="Alekseev" authorityYear="2014" box="[990,1436,932,957]" class="Insecta" family="Monotomidae" genus="Europs" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="448" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insterburgensis">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFEB066FFC5CFC4010A2FC76" box="[990,1252,933,957]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">Europs insterburgensis</emphasis>
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from Baltic amber, but is clearly distinguished by the presence of a median plaque on ventrite 1, larger body size (
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in
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<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFEB066FFE9DFC0815ADFBCE" box="[287,491,1005,1029]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">E. insterburgensis</emphasis>
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), distinctly sparser punctation of forebody (in
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<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFEB066FFB86FC081097FBCE" box="[1028,1233,1005,1029]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">E. insterburgensis</emphasis>
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distance between pronotal punctures less than puncture diameter), smaller eyes, and larger temples.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="7F2E36E0FFEB066FFF45FBD11698FB5E" blockId="3.[151,1437,716,2038]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">
<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFEB066FFF45FBD1151FFB86" bold="true" box="[199,345,1076,1101]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">Description.</emphasis>
Body length
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, WH =
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, PL =
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, PW =
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, LE =
<quantity id="B8699B05FFEB066FFB39FBD01152FB87" box="[1211,1300,1077,1101]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="448" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
, WE =
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; elongate, weakly convex dorsally and ventrally; unicolorous dark brown, dull; glabrous, except setae on ventrite 1, and very fine, short, erect setae on elytra.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36E0FFEB066FFF45FB451500FA7E" blockId="3.[151,1437,716,2038]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">Head prognathous, wide (WH/WP = 1.08); with small and dense punctures (punctures on neck distinctly sparser and finer) dorsally, and with moderately large and dense punctures ventrally; shagreened. Eyes moderately convex, with small facets. Frons with subtriangular depression. Temples well developed, with length of about 0.7 times longitudinal diameter of eye. Neck distinct. Antennae short, extending to anterior one-fourth of pronotum; 11-segmented with 3-segmented club (appearing 2-segmented because antennomeres 10 and 11 fused); scape large, slightly wider and longer than pedicel; antennomere 2 suboval, 1.4 times wider than antennomere 3; antennomeres 38 nearly equal in length and width; antennomere 9 transverse, nearly as wide as antennomere 10. Antennal grooves absent.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36E0FFEB066FFF45FA241129F88B" blockId="3.[151,1437,716,2038]" pageId="3" pageNumber="448">Pronotum weakly elongate (LP/WP = 1.08), maximal width in anterior one-fourth, slightly narrowed anteriad and posteriad; pronotal disc weakly convex; anterior and posterior margins straight; lateral margins nearly parallel, crenulate; anterior angles rounded, not protruding; posterior angles rounded. Pronotal punctures irregular (punctures on pronotal disc forming weakly regular rows), moderately large (punctures on pronotal disc distinctly larger than elytral punctures in basal half), and moderately dense (punctures on disc distinctly sparser than punctures at sides); distance between punctures varying from 1 to 4 times diameter of one puncture; interspaces shagreened. Smooth, longitudinal, median area narrow (about as wide as diameter of 24 punctures). Scutellum nearly round, with fine, sparse punctation, and without setae. Prothorax weakly convex, with small and very sparse punctures, shagreened; with transverse rugosity medially. Protrochantins partially exposed. Procoxae nearly round; procoxal cavities closed posteriorly. Prosternal process large, trapezoidal, distinctly widened posteriorly; covered with small, sparse punctures; posterior margin straight, length nearly 1.7 times transverse diameter of procoxa.</paragraph>
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Elytra relatively short (LE/LP = 1.7), with nearly parallel sides, widest at middle; truncate apically, exposing last two abdominal tergites; base weakly concave, distinctly wider than base of pronotum. Elytral punctures round, small (punctures in basal one-third distinctly larger than at apex), dense, arranged in regular striae; with fine, very short erect setae (distinctly visible only in basal one-third); distance between punctures equal to 23 times diameter of one puncture; striae distinct throughout entire length of elytron; intervals flat, shagreened. Inflexed part of elytron with three striae of punctures. Two visible tergites covered with fine and dense punctures; with widely rounded apex.
<collectingCountry id="07867670FFEC0668FEC7FF59153BFF1E" box="[325,381,188,213]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">Hind</collectingCountry>
wings present. Meso- and metaventrites with distinctly denser and larger punctation than prosternum; shagreened between punctures. Posterior margin of metaventrite straight with narrow excision medially (between metacoxae). Mesocoxae oval, distance between them nearly equal to 0.5 times transverse diameter of mesocoxa. Metacoxae elongate-oval.
</paragraph>
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Abdomen with five ventrites, covered with small and sparse punctures (ventrite 5 with distinctly larger and denser punctation, and distance between punctures distinctly smaller than diameter of puncture) and shagreened. Ventrite
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basal half with median, oval plaque more punctured than adjacent area and bearing proportionally long and distinct setae. Coxal beads on ventrite 1 triangularly produced. Ventrite 1 elongate, longest, distinctly longer than ventrites 24 combined. Ventrites 24 short, equal in length. Ventrite 5 simple, with widely rounded posterior margin. Relative length ratios of ventrites 15 equal to 21:4:4:4:13. Abdominal intercoxal process triangular, rounded anteriorly.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F2E36E0FFEC0668FF45FDAD116AFD06" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">Legs relatively short and robust. Femur spindle-shaped, distinctly widened medially. Tibia gradually widened apically; about 0.75 times length of femur. Protarsus with long and dense pubescence ventrally; meso- and metatarsus with comparatively shorter and sparser pubescence ventrally. Penultimate tarsomere not bilobed; ultimate tarsomere distinctly longer than all previous tarsomeres combined. Claws simple, long and thin.</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFEC0668FF45FD321540FD3B" bold="true" box="[199,262,727,752]" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">Note.</emphasis>
The sex of the specimen is male based on the presence of the following character states which are peculiar to males in extant species of
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<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFEC0668FDDEFD191680FCD8" box="[604,710,764,787]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="449">Aneurops</emphasis>
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: ventrite 1 with median, oval plaque; elytra truncate apically exposing two tergites.
</paragraph>
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<mods:title id="0A90A39CCE281946F6AF79F91916F63F">Description of the second fossil Baltic amber species of Monotomidae (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea)</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="B8914D63FFE9066DFF15FB0215EFFAC9" ID-CoL="W2X" authority="Sharp, 1900" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1900" box="[151,425,1255,1282]" class="Insecta" family="Monotomidae" genus="Aneurops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFE9066DFF15FB02154AFACA" bold="true" box="[151,268,1255,1281]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Aneurops</emphasis>
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The specimen considered here was assigned to the genus
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<emphasis id="4DE5EAF2FFE9066DFCB6FACA17D8FA8D" box="[820,926,1327,1350]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Aneurops</emphasis>
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based on the following character states: (1) abdominal ventrite 1 with median, oblong plaque; (2) antennae with 3-segmented club (seems to be 2-segmented because of fused antennomeres 10 and 11); (3) head without antennal grooves; (4) inflexed part of elytron with three rows of punctures; (5) procoxae rounded, with partially exposed trochantins; (6) elytral punctures arranged in regular striae; (7) pronotal disc with impunctate median zone.
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Bembix_fuscipennis" authority="Lepeletier" authorityName="Lepeletier" class="Hexapoda" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bembix fuscipennis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscipennis">Bembix fuscipennis Lepeletier</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. a Bembix spp.: Bembix diversipennis, female, male b Bembix flavicincta, female c Bembix fraudulenta, female, male d Bembix fuscipennis, southern melanistic form, female, male e Bembix fuscipennis, northern yellow form, female f Bembix harenarum, female, male. (approximate lengths of females: a 27 mm; b 22.5 mm; c 12.5 mm; d 18.5 mm; e 18 mm; f 15.5 mm)" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11857" pageId="25" pageNumber="78">Fig. 8d, e</figureCitation>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau" authorityYear="1845" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscipennis">
<pageBreakToken pageId="26" pageNumber="79" start="start">Bembex</pageBreakToken>
fuscipennis
</taxonomicName>
Lepeletier, 1845: 271, ♂, ♀ (Syntypes, &quot;Cape of Good Hope&quot;, depository?);
<bibRefCitation author="Smith, F" journalOrPublisher="Catalogue of the Hymenopterous Insects in the collection of the British Museum." pageId="55" pageNumber="108" pagination="207 - 497" refId="B68" refString="Smith, F, 1856. . Catalogue of the Hymenopterous Insects in the collection of the British Museum. IV: 207 - 497" volume="IV" year="1856">F. Smith 1856</bibRefCitation>
(in catalogue of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Hymenoptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malvales" pageId="26" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
in British Museum);
<bibRefCitation author="Taschenberg, EL" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift fuer die Gesammten Naturwissenschaften" pageId="56" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 27" refId="B72" refString="Taschenberg, EL, 1870. Die Larridae und Bembecidae des zoologischen Museums der hiesigen Universitaet. Zeitschrift fuer die Gesammten Naturwissenschaften 36: 1 - 27" title="Die Larridae und Bembecidae des zoologischen Museums der hiesigen Universitaet." volume="36" year="1870">Taschenberg 1870</bibRefCitation>
: 19 (South Africa: Cape area);
<bibRefCitation author="Handlirsch, A" journalOrPublisher="Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe. Abtheilung I" pageId="55" pageNumber="108" pagination="657 - 942" refId="B53" refString="Handlirsch, A, 1893. Monographie der mit Nysson und Bembex verwandten Grabwespen. VII. Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen. Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe. Abtheilung I: 657 - 942" title="Monographie der mit Nysson und Bembex verwandten Grabwespen. VII. Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen." year="1893">Handlirsch 1893</bibRefCitation>
: 850, pl. 3, figs 2, 25, pl. 7, fig. 29, ♂, ♀ (in revision of world
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" lsidName="" pageId="26" pageNumber="79" rank="tribe" tribe="Bembicini">Bembicini</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation author="Dalla Torre, KW von" journalOrPublisher="Catalogus Hymenopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonymicus" pageId="53" pageNumber="106" pagination="1 - 749" refId="B27" refString="Dalla Torre, KW von, 1897. . Catalogus Hymenopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonymicus Volumen VIII: 1 - 749" volume="Volumen VIII" year="1897">Dalla Torre 1897</bibRefCitation>
: 505 (in catalogue of world
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Hymenoptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malvales" pageId="26" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation author="Arnold, G" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Transvaal Museum" pageId="52" pageNumber="105" pagination="320 - 380" refId="B1" refString="Arnold, G, 1929. The Sphegidae of South Africa. Part 13. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 13: 320 - 380" title="The Sphegidae of South Africa. Part 13." volume="13" year="1929">Arnold 1929</bibRefCitation>
: 373, figs 36, 36a, 36b, pl. 6, fig. 30, ♂, ♀ (in revision of southern African
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Hexapoda" family="Sphecidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sphecidae</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation author="Arnold, G" journalOrPublisher="University Press, Cambridge, England" pageId="52" pageNumber="105" pagination="1 - 21" refId="B2" refString="Arnold, G, 1930. A check-list of the Sphegidae of the Ethiopian Region. University Press, Cambridge, England: 1 - 21" title="A check-list of the Sphegidae of the Ethiopian Region." year="1930">Arnold 1930</bibRefCitation>
: 21 (in checklist of Afrotropical
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Hexapoda" family="Sphecidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sphecidae</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation author="Schouteden, H" journalOrPublisher="Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines" pageId="55" pageNumber="108" pagination="90 - 96" refId="B67" refString="Schouteden, H, 1930. Les genres congolais de Sphegides. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines 20: 90 - 96" title="Les genres congolais de Sphegides." volume="20" year="1930">Schouteden 1930</bibRefCitation>
: 96 (Zaire);
<bibRefCitation author="Cuthbertson, A" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa" pageId="53" pageNumber="106" pagination="1 - 8" refId="B25" refString="Cuthbertson, A, 1939. On the biology of Craticulina tabaniformis F. (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) which breeds in the nests of sand wasps Bembex (Sphegidae). Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 1: 1 - 8" title="On the biology of Craticulina tabaniformis F. (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) which breeds in the nests of sand wasps Bembex (Sphegidae)." volume="1" year="1939">Cuthbertson 1939</bibRefCitation>
(prey and nest parasite,
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1805" class="Hexapoda" family="Sarcophagidae" genus="Craticulina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tabaniformis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="79">Craticulina tabaniformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fabricius),
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Sarcophagidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sarcophagidae</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation author="Berland, L" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de l' Institut Francais d' Afrique Noire" pageId="52" pageNumber="105" pagination="294 - 301" refId="B14" refString="Berland, L, 1950. Contribution a l'etude de l'Air. Hymenopteres Sphecoidea, Vespoidea, Ichneumenoidea. Memoires de l' Institut Francais d' Afrique Noire 10: 294 - 301" title="Contribution a l'etude de l'Air. Hymenopteres Sphecoidea, Vespoidea, Ichneumenoidea." volume="10" year="1950">Berland 1950</bibRefCitation>
: 296 (Niger,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Aïr">Air</normalizedToken>
area);
<bibRefCitation author="Pagliano, G" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino del Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali di Torino" pageId="55" pageNumber="108" pagination="109 - 160" refId="B62" refString="Pagliano, G, 2011. Gli Sfeciformes (Hymenoptera) della collezione Spinola. Parte II. Bollettino del Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali di Torino 28: 109 - 160" title="Gli Sfeciformes (Hymenoptera) della collezione Spinola. Parte II." volume="28" year="2011">Pagliano 2011</bibRefCitation>
: 121 (specimens in collection of Spinola, Torino).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="79">
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscipennis">Bembix fuscipennis</taxonomicName>
Lepeletier,
<bibRefCitation author="Parker, JB" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="55" pageNumber="108" pagination="1 - 203" publicationUrl="10.5479/si.00963801.75-2776.1" refId="B63" refString="Parker, JB, 1929. A generic revision of the fossorial wasps of the tribes Stizini and Bembicini, with notes and descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 75: 1 - 203, 10.5479/si.00963801.75-2776.1" title="A generic revision of the fossorial wasps of the tribes Stizini and Bembicini, with notes and descriptions of new species." url="10.5479/si.00963801.75-2776.1" volume="75" year="1929">J. Parker 1929</bibRefCitation>
: 91 (in revision of
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="26" pageNumber="79" rank="tribe" tribe="Stizini">Stizini</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" lsidName="" pageId="26" pageNumber="79" rank="tribe" tribe="Bembicini">Bembicini</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation author="Giordani Soika, G" journalOrPublisher="Memorie della Societa Entomologica Italiana" pageId="54" pageNumber="107" pagination="72 - 74" refId="B48" refString="Giordani Soika, G, 1939. Raccolte entomologiche del Dr. Alfredo Andreini in Eritrea. Vespidae e Sphegidae (Hymenoptera). Memorie della Societa Entomologica Italiana 71: 72 - 74" title="Raccolte entomologiche del Dr. Alfredo Andreini in Eritrea. Vespidae e Sphegidae (Hymenoptera)." volume="71" year="1939">Giordani Soika 1939</bibRefCitation>
: 105 (Eritrea: Keren);
<bibRefCitation author="Guiglia, D" journalOrPublisher="Bolletino della Societa Entomologica Italiana" pageId="54" pageNumber="107" pagination="68 - 76" refId="B51" refString="Guiglia, D, 1943. Missione biologica Sagan-Omo diretta dal Prof. E. Zavattari. Nuove specie d'Imenotteri Aculeati (Pompilidae-Sphecidae). Diagnosi preventive. Bolletino della Societa Entomologica Italiana 75: 68 - 76" title="Missione biologica Sagan-Omo diretta dal Prof. E. Zavattari. Nuove specie d'Imenotteri Aculeati (Pompilidae-Sphecidae). Diagnosi preventive." volume="75" year="1943">Guiglia 1943</bibRefCitation>
: 75 (Ethiopia: Gamo Gofa: Sagan - Omo Region);
<bibRefCitation author="Parker, JB" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="55" pageNumber="108" pagination="202 - 209" refId="B64" refString="Parker, JB, 1942. Notes on certain species of Bembicids. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 44: 202 - 209" title="Notes on certain species of Bembicids." volume="44" year="1942">J. Parker 1942</bibRefCitation>
: 206, pl. 18, figs 15, 18 (valid species);
<bibRefCitation author="Lohrmann, E" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Muenchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="55" pageNumber="108" pagination="420 - 471" refId="B60" refString="Lohrmann, E, 1948. Die Grabwespengruppe der Bembicinen. Ueberschau und Stammesgeschichte. Mitteilungen der Muenchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft 34: 420 - 471" title="Die Grabwespengruppe der Bembicinen. Ueberschau und Stammesgeschichte." volume="34" year="1948">Lohrmann 1948</bibRefCitation>
: 448 (member of
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="79">fuscipennis</emphasis>
species group of
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="79">Bembix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation author="Guiglia, D" journalOrPublisher="Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova" pageId="55" pageNumber="108" pagination="207 - 260" refId="B52" refString="Guiglia, D, 1950. Missione biologica Sagan-Omo diretta dal Prof. Edoardo Zavattari. Hymenoptera Tenthredinidae, Scoliidae, Pompilidae, Sphecidae. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova 64: 207 - 260" title="Missione biologica Sagan-Omo diretta dal Prof. Edoardo Zavattari. Hymenoptera Tenthredinidae, Scoliidae, Pompilidae, Sphecidae." volume="64" year="1950">Guiglia 1950</bibRefCitation>
: 240 (Ethiopia: Gamo Gofa: Caschei);
<bibRefCitation author="Arnold, G" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology" pageId="52" pageNumber="105" pagination="97 - 183" refId="B9" refString="Arnold, G, 1951. Sphecidae and Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) collected by Mr. K.M. Guichard in West Africa and Ethiopia, 1941-1948. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology 2: 97 - 183" title="Sphecidae and Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) collected by Mr. K. M. Guichard in West Africa and Ethiopia, 1941 - 1948." volume="2" year="1951">Arnold 1951</bibRefCitation>
: 138, figs 30, 30a (discussion of male genitalia);
<bibRefCitation author="Leclercq, J" journalOrPublisher="Annales du Musee Royal du Congo Belge (Annalen van het Koninklijk Museum van Belgisch-Congo) Tervuren, Belgique, in 8 °, Zoologie" pageId="55" pageNumber="108" pagination="404 - 426" refId="B57" refString="Leclercq, J, 1955. Contribution a l'etude de la faune entomologique du Ruanda-Urundi (Mission P. Basilewsky 1953). LXXVII. Hymenoptera Sphecidae. Annales du Musee Royal du Congo Belge (Annalen van het Koninklijk Museum van Belgisch-Congo) Tervuren, Belgique, in 8°, Zoologie 40: 404 - 426" title="Contribution a l'etude de la faune entomologique du Ruanda-Urundi (Mission P. Basilewsky 1953). LXXVII. Hymenoptera Sphecidae." volume="40" year="1955">Leclercq 1955</bibRefCitation>
: 408 (Ruanda);
<bibRefCitation author="De Beaumont, J" journalOrPublisher="South African Animal Life" pageId="53" pageNumber="106" pagination="502 - 512" refId="B28" refString="De Beaumont, J, 1967. Hymenoptera: Sphecidae. South African Animal Life 13: 502 - 512" title="Hymenoptera: Sphecidae." volume="13" year="1967">de Beaumont 1967</bibRefCitation>
: 506 (South Africa, Natal);
<bibRefCitation author="Gess, FW" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Cape Provincal Museums (natural History)" pageId="54" pageNumber="107" pagination="1 - 80" refId="B41" refString="Gess, FW, 1981. Some aspects of an ethological study of the aculeate wasps and bees of a karroid area in the vicinity of Grahamstown, South Africa. Annals of the Cape Provincal Museums (natural History) 14: 1 - 80" title="Some aspects of an ethological study of the aculeate wasps and bees of a karroid area in the vicinity of Grahamstown, South Africa." volume="14" year="1981">Gess 1981</bibRefCitation>
: 21 (South Africa: 18 km WNW Grahamstown, nesting in friable soil);
<bibRefCitation author="Bohart, RM" journalOrPublisher="The Annals and Magazine of natural History (series 7)" pageId="52" pageNumber="105" refId="B16" refString="Bohart, RM, Menke, AS, 1976. Sphecid wasps of the world. University of California Press, Berkley: i-ix, 1-695." title="Sphecid wasps of the world. University of California Press, Berkley: i-ix, 1 - 695." year="1976">R. Bohart and Menke 1976</bibRefCitation>
: 546 (in checklist of world
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Hexapoda" family="Sphecidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sphecidae</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation author="Casolari, C" journalOrPublisher="Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino" pageId="53" pageNumber="106" pagination="1 - 165" refId="B23" refString="Casolari, C, Casolari Moreno, R, 1980. Cataloghi. I. Collezione Imenotterologica di Massimiliano Spinola. Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino: 1 - 165" title="Cataloghi. I. Collezione Imenotterologica di Massimiliano Spinola." year="1980">Casolari and Casolari Moreno 1980</bibRefCitation>
: 115 (specimens in M. Spinola collection);
<bibRefCitation author="Gess, FW" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Cape Provincal Museums (natural History)" pageId="54" pageNumber="107" pagination="1 - 80" refId="B41" refString="Gess, FW, 1981. Some aspects of an ethological study of the aculeate wasps and bees of a karroid area in the vicinity of Grahamstown, South Africa. Annals of the Cape Provincal Museums (natural History) 14: 1 - 80" title="Some aspects of an ethological study of the aculeate wasps and bees of a karroid area in the vicinity of Grahamstown, South Africa." volume="14" year="1981">Gess 1981</bibRefCitation>
: 21 (nesting in friable soil);
<bibRefCitation author="Gess, FW" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Cape Provincal Museums (natural History)" pageId="54" pageNumber="107" pagination="137 - 160" refId="B42" refString="Gess, FW, 1986. Three new species of southern African Bembix, a new synonymy, and biological notes on other species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Nyssoninae). Annals of the Cape Provincal Museums (natural History) 16: 137 - 160" title="Three new species of southern African Bembix, a new synonymy, and biological notes on other species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Nyssoninae)." volume="16" year="1986">Gess 1986</bibRefCitation>
: 158 (prey);
<bibRefCitation author="Guichard, KM" journalOrPublisher="Fauna of Saudi Arabia" pageId="54" pageNumber="107" pagination="134 - 151" refId="B49" refString="Guichard, KM, 1989. The genus Bembix (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) in Saudi Arabia. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 10: 134 - 151" title="The genus Bembix (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) in Saudi Arabia." volume="10" year="1989">Guichard 1989</bibRefCitation>
: 145 (Saudi Arabia, Yemen);
<bibRefCitation author="Gess, SK" journalOrPublisher="Albany Museum, Grahamstown" pageId="54" pageNumber="107" pagination="1 - 529" refId="B47" refString="Gess, SK, Gess, FW, 2003. A catalogue of flower visiting records for aculeate wasps and bees in the semi-arid to arid areas of southern Africa. Albany Museum, Grahamstown: 1 - 529" title="A catalogue of flower visiting records for aculeate wasps and bees in the semi-arid to arid areas of southern Africa." year="2003">Gess and Gess 2003</bibRefCitation>
: 123 (flower visiting records);
<bibRefCitation author="Gadallah, NS" journalOrPublisher="Linzer Biologische Beitraege" pageId="54" pageNumber="107" pagination="215 - 239" refId="B40" refString="Gadallah, NS, Assery, BM, 2004. A review of the Sphecidae (with the exception of Larrinae) of the Jeddah Region (west of Saudi Arabia). With a checklist of the species known from Saudi Arabia. Linzer Biologische Beitraege 36: 215 - 239" title="A review of the Sphecidae (with the exception of Larrinae) of the Jeddah Region (west of Saudi Arabia). With a checklist of the species known from Saudi Arabia." volume="36" year="2004">Gadallah and Assery 2004</bibRefCitation>
: 230 (in catalogue of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Hexapoda" family="Sphecidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sphecidae</taxonomicName>
of Saudi Arabia);
<bibRefCitation author="Pulawski, WJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="55" pageNumber="108" publicationUrl="http://research.calacademy.org/ent/catalog_sphecidae" refId="B65" refString="Pulawski, WJ, 2013. Catalog of Sphecidae sensu lato (= Apoidea excluding Apidae)., http://research.calacademy.org/ent/catalog_sphecidae" title="Catalog of Sphecidae sensu lato (= Apoidea excluding Apidae)" url="http://research.calacademy.org/ent/catalog_sphecidae" year="2013">Pulawski 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 30-31 (in catalogue of world
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Hexapoda" family="Sphecidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sphecidae</taxonomicName>
sensu lato).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="79">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Arnold" authorityYear="1929" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stevensoni">Bembex stevensoni</taxonomicName>
J. Parker, 1929: 92, ♂, ♀ (Holotype, ♂, Zimbabwe, Bulawayo in USNM);
<bibRefCitation author="Arnold, G" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Transvaal Museum" pageId="52" pageNumber="105" pagination="135 - 220" refId="B3" refString="Arnold, G, 1931. The Sphegidae of South Africa. Part 15. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 14: 135 - 220" title="The Sphegidae of South Africa. Part 15." volume="14" year="1931">Arnold 1931</bibRefCitation>
: 214, synonymised with
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau" authorityYear="1845" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscipennis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="79">Bembex fuscipennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Parker, JB" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="55" pageNumber="108" pagination="202 - 209" refId="B64" refString="Parker, JB, 1942. Notes on certain species of Bembicids. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 44: 202 - 209" title="Notes on certain species of Bembicids." volume="44" year="1942">J. Parker 1942</bibRefCitation>
: 2006 (valid species);
<bibRefCitation author="Arnold, G" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology" pageId="52" pageNumber="105" pagination="97 - 183" refId="B9" refString="Arnold, G, 1951. Sphecidae and Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) collected by Mr. K.M. Guichard in West Africa and Ethiopia, 1941-1948. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology 2: 97 - 183" title="Sphecidae and Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) collected by Mr. K. M. Guichard in West Africa and Ethiopia, 1941 - 1948." volume="2" year="1951">Arnold 1951</bibRefCitation>
: 138 (discussion of male genitalia).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="79" type="note">
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="79">Note.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="79">
In this species there is a marked north-south variation in colouration. Specimens examined (as listed below under
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="79">Material examined</emphasis>
) from the north, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe and northern South Africa, are characterised by the entire clypeus brownish amber, whereas in specimens examined from the south only the anterior third to half of the clypeus is brownish amber, the rest of the clypeus is black. A certain degree of ovelap of the two colour forms is noted in specimens examined from the Free State and KwaZulu-Natal.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="79">
This observation is supported by the published descriptions:
<bibRefCitation author="Parker, JB" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="55" pageNumber="108" pagination="1 - 203" publicationUrl="10.5479/si.00963801.75-2776.1" refId="B63" refString="Parker, JB, 1929. A generic revision of the fossorial wasps of the tribes Stizini and Bembicini, with notes and descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 75: 1 - 203, 10.5479/si.00963801.75-2776.1" title="A generic revision of the fossorial wasps of the tribes Stizini and Bembicini, with notes and descriptions of new species." url="10.5479/si.00963801.75-2776.1" volume="75" year="1929">Parker (1929)</bibRefCitation>
in recording a female from Tabora (Tanzania) and a male from Bulawyo (Zimbabwe) stated that &quot;The clypeus of the female before me is entirely ferruginous&quot;;
<bibRefCitation author="Arnold, G" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Transvaal Museum" pageId="52" pageNumber="105" pagination="320 - 380" refId="B1" refString="Arnold, G, 1929. The Sphegidae of South Africa. Part 13. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 13: 320 - 380" title="The Sphegidae of South Africa. Part 13." volume="13" year="1929">Arnold (1929)</bibRefCitation>
recording specimens from Zimbabwe and northern South Africa stated, &quot;labrum and clypeus brownish amber yellow&quot;;
<bibRefCitation author="Handlirsch, A" journalOrPublisher="Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe. Abtheilung I" pageId="55" pageNumber="108" pagination="657 - 942" refId="B53" refString="Handlirsch, A, 1893. Monographie der mit Nysson und Bembex verwandten Grabwespen. VII. Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen. Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe. Abtheilung I: 657 - 942" title="Monographie der mit Nysson und Bembex verwandten Grabwespen. VII. Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen." year="1893">Handlirsch (1893)</bibRefCitation>
referring to specimens examined by him from
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Transvaal”">&quot;Transvaal&quot;</normalizedToken>
, &quot;Port Natal&quot; and &quot;Cape of Good Hope&quot;, that is from both the north and the south, noted, &quot;Corpus nigrum, orbitus, magine apicali clipei (raro toto clipeo) et labro ferrugineo-luteis,
<normalizedToken originalValue="….”">....&quot;</normalizedToken>
.
<bibRefCitation author="Lepeletier, de Saint-Fargeau A" journalOrPublisher="Histoire naturelle des Insectes. Hymenopteres." pageId="55" pageNumber="108" pagination="1 - 644" refId="B58" refString="Lepeletier, de Saint-Fargeau A, 1845. . Histoire naturelle des Insectes. Hymenopteres. Vol. 3: 1 - 644" volume="Vol. 3" year="1845">Lepeletier (1845)</bibRefCitation>
in his description of both sexes from the &quot;Cap de
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bonne-Espérance”">Bonne-Esperance&quot;</normalizedToken>
stated inter alia, &quot;Clypeus niger, margine antico ferrugineo,
<normalizedToken originalValue="…”">...&quot;</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="79">Indeed, specimens from the north are altogether less melanistic than those from the south. The pale colouring of the streak on each side of the face, the spots behind the antennal sockets, the band of spots below the ocellar region, the flagellum, the yellow spot on the posterior angles of the epinotal dorsum and the pale bands on the tergites are all greatly reduced in specimens from the south as compared with specimens from the north.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="27" pageNumber="80" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="80">
<pageBreakToken pageId="27" pageNumber="80" start="start">Material</pageBreakToken>
examined.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="27" pageNumber="80">
MALAWI: Domira B[ay] [
<geoCoordinate degrees="13.35" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-13.35">13.35S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="34.27" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="34.27">34.27E</geoCoordinate>
], Lake Nyasa [now Lake Malawi], (alt.1760 [feet]), no date given (C.B. Casey), 1 ♀ [DMSA]. ZAMBIA: Abercorn [now Mbala] [
<geoCoordinate degrees="8.50" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-8.5">8.50S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="31.24" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="31.24">31.24E</geoCoordinate>
], 19.vii.1945 (Nat. Museum S. Rhodesia), 1 ♀ [SAMC ex NMBZ]. Z1MBABWE: Salisbury [now Harare] [
<geoCoordinate degrees="17.48" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-17.48">17.48S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="31.03" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="31.03">31.03E</geoCoordinate>
], 27.x.1914 (J.
<normalizedToken originalValue="ONeil">O'Neil</normalizedToken>
), 1 ♀; Sabi Valley [
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.20" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-20.2">20.20S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.20" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="32.2">32.20E</geoCoordinate>
], iii.1939 (Nat. Museum S. Rhodesia), 1 ♀ [SAMC]; Victoria Falls [
<geoCoordinate degrees="17.55" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-17.55">17.55S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.50" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="25.5">25.50E</geoCoordinate>
], 1.i.1920 (G. Arnold), 1 ♀; same locality, 2.i.1920 (G. Arnold), 1 ♂ [SAMC ex NMBZ]; same locality, 16.xi.1942 (Nat. Museum S. Rhodesia) 1 ♂ [SAMC ex NMBZ]; Inyanga (4000') [
<geoCoordinate degrees="18.16" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-18.16">18.16S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.43" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="32.43">32.43E</geoCoordinate>
], xii.1920 (Rhodesia Museum), 1 ♂ [SAMC ex NMBZ]; Bulawayo [
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.07" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-20.07">20.07S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.32" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="28.32">28.32E</geoCoordinate>
], 30.ix.1923 (Rhodesia Museum), 1 ♀ [SAMC ex NMBZ]; same locality, 28.v.1923 (R. Stevenson), 1 ♂; same locality, 18.ii.1924 (R.H.R. Stevenson), 1 ♂ [SANC]; same locality, 10.xii.1924 (R.H.R. Stevenson), 1 ♀ [SAMC ex NMBZ]; same locality, 19.xii.1924 (R.H.R. Stevenson), 1 ♀ [SANC]; 7 m[iles] S of Chiturapodzi [??], Limpopo R[iver], 1.v.1968 (Nat.Mus. R. S. Exp), 1 ♂ [AMGS]; Sawmills [
<geoCoordinate degrees="19.35" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-19.35">19.35S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.02" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="28.02">28.02E</geoCoordinate>
], 25.x.1919 (G. Arnold), 1♀ [SAMC ex NMBZ]; Same locality, 23.x.1922 (Rhodesia Museum), 1 ♂ [DMSA]; same locality, 22-27.xii.1923 (R.H.R. Stevenson), 1 ♀ [SAMC ex NMBZ]; same locality, 25.xii.1925 (Rhod. Museum), 1 ♀ [AMGS]; 1 ♀ [AMGS]; Umtali [
<geoCoordinate degrees="18.57" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-18.57">18.57S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.40" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="32.4">32.40E</geoCoordinate>
], 17.iv.1923 (Nat. Museum S. Rhodesia), 2 ♂♂ [SAMC ex NMBZ]; Turk Mine [
<geoCoordinate degrees="19.44" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-19.44">19.44S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.48" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="28.48">28.48E</geoCoordinate>
], 10.xi.1957 (Nat.Museum S. Rhodesia), 1 ♀ [SAMC ex NMBZ]. MOZAMBIQUE: Dondo [
<geoCoordinate degrees="19.41" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-19.41">19.41S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="34.45" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="34.45">34.45E</geoCoordinate>
], 3.ii.1924 (R.H.R. Stevenson), 1 ♀ [DMSA]. NAMIBIA: circa 13 km E of Okongwati, Opuwa road (
<geoCoordinate degrees="17.31" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-17.31">17.31S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="13.22" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="13.22">13.22E</geoCoordinate>
), 24.iii.2004 (F.W. and S.K. Gess), 1 ♀ (at water) [AMGS]; 7 km N of Palmwag (
<geoCoordinate degrees="19.51" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-19.51">19.51S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="13.54" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="13.54">13.54E</geoCoordinate>
), 26.iii.2004 (F.W. and S.K. Gess), 1 ♀ (at water) [AMGS]; near Two Palms, Uniab River (
<geoCoordinate degrees="19.53" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-19.53">19.53S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="13.54" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="13.54">13.54E</geoCoordinate>
), 27.iii.2004 (F.W. and S.K. Gess), 1 ♀ (at water) [AMGS]; 20 km E of Outjo (
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.17" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-20.17">20.17S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="16.09" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="16.09">16.09E</geoCoordinate>
), 6.iv.1998 (F.W. and S.K. Gess), 1 ♀ (visiting yellow flowers of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Geigeria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pectidea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="81">
<pageBreakToken pageId="28" pageNumber="81" start="start">Geigeria</pageBreakToken>
pectidea
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(DC) Harv.,
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
) [AMGS]; 32 km W of Omaruru on road 2315 (
<geoCoordinate degrees="21.29" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-21.29">21.29S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="15.43" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="15.43">15.43E</geoCoordinate>
), 2.iv.1998 (F.W. and S.K. Gess), 1 ♀ [AMGS]; between Omaruru and Wilhelmstal (
<geoCoordinate degrees="21.31" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-21.31">21.31S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="16.03" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="16.03">16.03E</geoCoordinate>
), 3.iv.1998 (F.W. and S.K. Gess), 12 ♀♀, 1 ♂ (11 ♀♀, 1 ♂ visiting deep pink flowers of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Hermbstaedtia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="odorata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Hermbstaedtia odorata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Burch.) T. Cooke,
<taxonomicName genus="Amaranthaceae" lsidName="" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" rank="genus">Amaranthaceae</taxonomicName>
) [AMGS]; Otjitundu River 42 km by road west of Okahandja (
<geoCoordinate degrees="21.54" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-21.54">21.54S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="16.31" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="16.31">16.31E</geoCoordinate>
), 2.iv.2004 (F.W. and S.K. Gess), 1 ♀ (visiting yellow flowers of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Nidorella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="resedifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Nidorella resedifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
DC.,
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
) [AMGS]; 15 km W of Karibib on road to Usakos (
<geoCoordinate degrees="21.56" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-21.56">21.56S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="15.42" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="15.42">15.42E</geoCoordinate>
), 5.iv.1998 (F.W. and S.K. Gess), 2 ♀♀ (1 ♀ visiting yellow flowers of
<taxonomicName class="Eudicots" family="Asteraceae" genus="Osteospermum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Osteospermum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
) [AMGS]; Okahandja [
<geoCoordinate degrees="21.59" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-21.59">21.59S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="16.55" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="16.55">16.55E</geoCoordinate>
], 27.xii.1977 (Empey), 1 ♀ [AMGS]; 18 km W of1237/C26 junction (
<geoCoordinate degrees="23.09" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-23.09">23.09S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="16.42" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="16.42">16.42E</geoCoordinate>
), 11.iii.1999 (F.W. and S.K. Gess), 1 ♀ (visiting deep pink flowers of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Hermbstaedtia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Hermbstaedtia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<taxonomicName genus="Amaranthaceae" lsidName="" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" rank="genus">Amaranthaceae</taxonomicName>
) [AMGS]; Mariental [
<geoCoordinate degrees="24.38" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-24.38">24.38S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="17.58" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="17.58">17.58E</geoCoordinate>
], 28.iii.1977 (Empey), 3 ♀♀ [AMGS]; G[rea]t Karas Mountains, xi.1936 (Mus. Staff), 1 ♂ [SAMC]. SOUTH AFRICA: LIMPOPO: Afguns, Ellisras [now Lephalale] [
<geoCoordinate degrees="23.50" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-23.5">23.50S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27.41" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="27.41">27.41E</geoCoordinate>
], 3.iv.1972 (Empey), 1 ♂ [AMGS]. MPUMALANGA: Kruger National Park, Onder Sabie [
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.7" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5555" value="-25.7">25.7S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="31.55" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="31.55">31.55E</geoCoordinate>
], 22.v.1969 (M.W. Strydom), 1 ♀ [SANC]; same locality, 2.vi.1969 (M.W. Strydom), 1 ♂ [SANC]; Kruger National Park, Malelane [
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.28" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-25.28">25.28S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="31.31" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="31.31">31.31E</geoCoordinate>
], 30.v.1969 (M.W. Strydom), 1 ♀ [SANC]. NORTH WEST PROVINCE: Crystal Waters, Breedtsnek [circa
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.45" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-25.45">25.45S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27.15" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="27.15">27.15E</geoCoordinate>
], 8.xi.1962 (H.N. Empey), 1 ♂ [AMGS]. FREE STATE: Bloemfontein [
<geoCoordinate degrees="29.06" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-29.06">29.06S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="26.07" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="26.07">26.07E</geoCoordinate>
], 20.ii8i.1931 (C. Jacot-Guillarmod), 1 ♀. KWAZULU-NATAL: Umbilo [
<geoCoordinate degrees="29.54" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-29.54">29.54S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="30.59" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="30.59">30.59E</geoCoordinate>
], 17/x.1915 (L. Bevis) 1 ♂ [DMSA]; Durban [
<geoCoordinate degrees="29.49" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-29.49">29.49S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="31.01" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="31.01">31.01E</geoCoordinate>
], 7.iv.1913 (W. Haygarth), 2 ♀♀ [DMSA]; same locality, ii.1914 (W. Haygarth), 1 ♀ [SAMC]; same locality, 10.iii.1914 (W. Haygarth), 1 ♂ [DMSA]; same locality, 1.iii.1959 (C. Booth), 1 ♀ [SAMC]; Berea, Durban [
<geoCoordinate degrees="29.51" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-29.51">29.51S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="30.60" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="30.6">30.60E</geoCoordinate>
], 27.xi.1958 (Empey), 1 ♂ [AMGS]; Tugela Ferry [
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.44" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-28.44">28.44S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="30.27" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="30.27">30.27E</geoCoordinate>
], 13.xi.1971 (Empey), 1 ♀ [AMGS]; Ladysmith [
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.32" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-28.32">28.32S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29.46" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="29.46">29.46E</geoCoordinate>
], 21.iii.1963 (H.N. Empey), 1 ♀ [AMGS]; Umtentweni [
<geoCoordinate degrees="30.42" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-30.42">30.42S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="30.28" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="30.28">30.28E</geoCoordinate>
], 5.xi.1972 (Empey), 1 ♀ [AMGS]; Mfongosi [
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.43" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-28.43">28.43S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="30.48" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="30.48">30.48E</geoCoordinate>
], iii.1914 (W.E. Jones), 1 ♂ [SAMC]; same locality, iv.1916 (W.E. Jones), 1 ♀ [SAMC]; same locality, 1923 ([The] Misses Jones), 1 ♀, 1 ♂; Stella B[ush], i.1915 (Marley), 1 ♀ [SAMC]. NORTHERN CAPE: Olifantshoek [
<geoCoordinate degrees="27.57" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-27.57">27.57S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.42" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="22.42">22.42E</geoCoordinate>
], 10.xii.1978 (Empey), 1 ♂ [AMGS]; Prieska [
<geoCoordinate degrees="29.40" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-29.4">29.40S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.42" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="22.42">22.42E</geoCoordinate>
], 1.i.1978 (Empey), 1 ♀ [AMGS]; Namaqualand, Kamiesberg to Sors Sors (
<geoCoordinate degrees="30.10" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-30.1">30.10S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="18.01" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="18.01">18.01E</geoCoordinate>
), 1 ♂ (visiting blue flowers of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thunb" authorityYear="1794" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Anchusa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Anchusa capensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Thunb.,
<taxonomicName genus="Boraginaceae" lsidName="" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" rank="genus">Boraginaceae</taxonomicName>
) [AMGS]; Colesburg/Norvalspont, Vanwyksfontein farm (
<geoCoordinate degrees="30.39" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-30.39">30.39S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.23" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="25.23">25.23E</geoCoordinate>
), 23.ii.2000 (F.W. and S.K. Gess), 1 ♀ (visiting yellow flowers of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Tribulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="terrestris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Tribulus terrestris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.,
<taxonomicName genus="Zygophyllaceae" lsidName="" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" rank="genus">Zygophyllaceae</taxonomicName>
) [AMGS]; Vanwyksfontein [farm], 5 m[iles] W of Norvalspont [
<geoCoordinate degrees="30.39" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-30.39">30.39S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.23" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="25.23">25.23E</geoCoordinate>
], 7.v.1980 (F.W. and S.K. Gess), 4 ♀♀ [AMGS]; Vanwyksfontein [farm], 8 km W of Norvalspont [
<geoCoordinate degrees="30.39" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-30.39">30.39S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.23" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="25.23">25.23E</geoCoordinate>
], 14-19.iv.1982 (F.W. Gess), 1 ♀ [AMGS]; Vanwyksfontein [farm], 8 km W of Norvalspont, 15.i.1985 (D.W. Gess), 1 ♂ (on flowering
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rosales" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="karroo">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Acacia karroo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hayne,
<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Mimosoideae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Pinales" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Mimosoideae</taxonomicName>
); same locality and collector, 17.i.1985, 1 ♂ (on flowering
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rosales" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="karroo">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Acacia karroo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); same locality and collector, 24.i.1985, 2 ♀♀ [AMGS]; Vanwyksfontein [farm], 8 km W of Norvalspont, 28-30.xi.1988 (R.W. Gess), 3 ♂♂; same locality and dates (F.W. and S.K. Gess), 1 ♀, 3 ♂♂ [AMGS]; Thee Kloof, Fraserburg Div[ision] [
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.05" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.05">32.05S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.41" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="20.41">20.41E</geoCoordinate>
], xi.1935 (Mus.Staff), 9 ♂♂ [SAMC]; Tanqua Karoo, Renoster Riv. [circa
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.16" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.16">32.16S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.05" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="20.05">20.05E</geoCoordinate>
], xi.1952 (Mus. Expd.), 1 ♂ [SAMC]; Tankwa Karoo [circa
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.15" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.15">32.15S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="19.45" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="19.45">19.45E</geoCoordinate>
], i.1949 (Zinn-Hesse Mus. Exp.), 1 ♀ [SAMC]; Warrenton [
<geoCoordinate degrees="28.09" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-28.09">28.09S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="24.47" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="24.47">24.47E</geoCoordinate>
], x.1939 (Mus. Staff), 1 ♂ [SAMC]; Van Schalkwyks Kraal, Venterstad Div[ision], x.1935 (Mus.Staff), 1 ♂ [SAMC]; Colesberg [
<geoCoordinate degrees="30.45" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-30.45">30.45S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.05" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="25.05">25.05E</geoCoordinate>
], 12.iii.1969 (M.W. Strydom), 1 ♀ [SANC]; same locality and date (L.C. Starke), 1 ♀ [SANC]; Victoria West [
<geoCoordinate degrees="31.25" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-31.25">31.25S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="23.04" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="23.04">23.04E</geoCoordinate>
], 10.i.1965 (H.N. Empey), 3 ♀♀, 1 ♂ [AMGS]; EASTERN CAPE: Middelburg [
<geoCoordinate degrees="31.30" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-31.3">31.30S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.00" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="25.0">25.00E</geoCoordinate>
], 2.xi.1972 (E. Holm), 1 ♀ [AMGS]; Middelburg Div[ision] [circa
<geoCoordinate degrees="31.30" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-31.3">31.30S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.00" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="25.0">25.00E</geoCoordinate>
], xi.1935(Mus. Staff), 4 ♂♂ [SAMC]; Resolution, Grahamstown [
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.08" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-33.08">33.08S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="26.37" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="26.37">26.37E</geoCoordinate>
], 1930 (Miss Walton), 1 ♀ [SAMC]; Nieu Bethesda [
<geoCoordinate degrees="31.51" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-31.51">31.51S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="24.34" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="24.34">24.34E</geoCoordinate>
], 30.i.2002 (F.J. Herbst), 1 ♂ [AMGS]; Mountain Zebra Park (
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.15" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.15">32.15S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.27" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="25.27">25.27E</geoCoordinate>
), 12-16.ii.1988 (A.J. Weaving), 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂ [AMGS]; same locality, 23-29.iii.1988 (A.J. Weaving), 1 ♂ [AMGS]; Graaff- Reinet [
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.13" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.13">32.13S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="24.32" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="24.32">24.32E</geoCoordinate>
], 3.i.1978 (Empey), 2 ♂♂ [AMGS]; Ecca Pass, Grahamstown [
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.13" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-33.13">33.13S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="26.37" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="26.37">26.37E</geoCoordinate>
], 25.i.1974 (R. Bayliss), 1 ♀ [AMGS]; Whittlesea [
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.10" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.1">32.10S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="26.50" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="26.5">26.50E</geoCoordinate>
], 21.ii.1971 (Empey), 1 ♀ [AMGS]; Kudu Reserve, Double Drift [
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.06" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-33.06">33.06S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="26.47" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="26.47">26.47E</geoCoordinate>
], 15.iii.1984 (A.J. Weaving), 2 ♂♂ [AMGS]; Aberdeen [
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.28" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.28">32.28S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="24.02" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="24.02">24.02E</geoCoordinate>
], xi.1935 (Mus. Staff), 1 ♀, 3 ♂♂ [SAMC];
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gardiners">Gardiner's</normalizedToken>
Drift, Adelaide [circa
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.42" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.42">32.42S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="26.18" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="26.18">26.18E</geoCoordinate>
], iii.1954 (S. A. Museum), 8 ♀♀, 4 ♂♂ [SAMC]; Fort Beaufort, Umdala [Mdala] [
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.48" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.48">32.48S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="26.41" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="26.41">26.41E</geoCoordinate>
], iii.1954 (S. A. Museum), 1 ♂ [SAMC]; Hendrik Verwoerd [now Gariep] Dam [
<geoCoordinate degrees="30.30" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-30.3">30.30S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.45" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="25.45">25.45E</geoCoordinate>
], 12.iii.1969 9.l. (L.C. Starke), 1 ♀; same locality and date (M.W. Strydom), 1 ♀ [SANC]; Jeffreys Bay [
<geoCoordinate degrees="34.2" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5555" value="-34.2">34.2S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="24.55" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="24.55">24.55E</geoCoordinate>
], 17.iii.1970 (L.C. Starke), 1 ♀ [SANC]; Graaff-Reinet [
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.13" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.13">32.13S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="24.32" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="24.32">24.32E</geoCoordinate>
], 14.iii.1969 (L.C. Starke), 2 ♂♂ [SANC]; Jansenville [
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.57" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.57">32.57S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="24.40" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="24.4">24.40E</geoCoordinate>
], 13.iii.1970 (L.C. Starke),1 ♂ [SANC]; Carlisle Bridge [
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.05" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-33.05">33.05S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="26.14" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="26.14">26.14E</geoCoordinate>
], 14.i.1965 (H.N. Empey), 1 ♂ [AMGS]; Queenstown [
<geoCoordinate degrees="31.52" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-31.52">31.52S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="26.52" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="26.52">26.52E</geoCoordinate>
], 1951 (S. Straw), 2 ♀♀; same locality, 13.xi.1999 (F.J. Herbst), 1 ♂ [AMGS]; Bedford [
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.40" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.4">32.40S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="26.10" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="26.1">26.10E</geoCoordinate>
], iii.1960 (Langridge), 1 ♀ [AMGS]; [west of] Riebeek East, Swartwaterspoort [
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.11" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-33.11">33.11S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.59" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="25.59">25.59E</geoCoordinate>
], i.1988 (R.W. Gess), 1 ♀ (with prey:
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Bombyliidae</taxonomicName>
) [AMGS]; Grahamstown [
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.19" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-33.19">33.19S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="26.31" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="26.31">26.31E</geoCoordinate>
], 21.ix.1952 (N. Gane), 1 ♀; Middelburg [
<geoCoordinate degrees="31.30" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-31.3">31.30S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.00" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="25.0">25.00E</geoCoordinate>
], 3.ii.1957 (E.McC. Callan), 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂; Willowmore [
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.15" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-33.15">33.15S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="23.30" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="23.3">23.30E</geoCoordinate>
], i.1914 (Rhodesia Museum), 1 ♀ [SAMC ex NMBZ]; Willowmore, 12.i.1965 (H.N. Empey), 2 ♂♂ [AMGS]; Alicedale [
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.15" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-33.15">33.15S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="26.04" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="26.04">26.04E</geoCoordinate>
], 2.xii.1970 (F.W. Gess), 1 ♀, 3 ♂♂; same locality, 2.xii.1970 (J.G.H. Londt), 2 ♂♂ [AMGS]. WESTERN CAPE: Caledon Dist[rict], Nuweberg Forest Stat[ion] [
<geoCoordinate degrees="34.04" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-34.04">34.04S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="19.08" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="19.08">19.08E</geoCoordinate>
], 5.i.1990 (P. Goldblatt), 2 ♀♀ (on open flowers of
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Micranthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asparagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plantagineus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Micranthus plantagineus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Micranthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asparagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alopecuroides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Micranthus alopecuroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) Rothm.)]
<taxonomicName genus="Iridaceae" lsidName="" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" rank="genus">Iridaceae</taxonomicName>
) [AMGS]; Prince Albert Dist[rict], Tierberg (Study Site) (
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.10" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-33.1">33.10S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.16" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="22.16">22.16E</geoCoordinate>
), 26.xi.-5.xii.1987 (F.W., S.K. and R.W. Gess), 3 ♂♂ (on cream flowers of
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. Dietr" authorityYear="1840" baseAuthorityName="E. Mey." class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asclepiadaceae" genus="Gomphocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Gentianales" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Gomphocarpus filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(E. Mey.) D. Dietr.,
<taxonomicName genus="Asclepiadaceae" lsidName="" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" rank="genus">Asclepiadaceae</taxonomicName>
) [AMGS]; Prince Albert Dist[rict], Tierberg (Res. Stat.) (
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.08" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-33.08">33.08S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.16" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="22.16">22.16E</geoCoordinate>
), 26.xi.- 5.xii.1987 (F.W., S.K. and R.W. Gess), 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂ [AMGS]; Oudtshoorn, Onverwacht (
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.38" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-33.38">33.38S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.14" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="22.14">22.14E</geoCoordinate>
), (R.W. Gess), 1 ♀, 1 ♂ (on flowers of
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rosales" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="caffra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Acacia caffra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Thunb) Willd.,
<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
) [AMGS]; Oudtshoorn, Zebra [
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.46" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-33.46">33.46S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.19" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="22.19">22.19E</geoCoordinate>
], x.1951 (Mus. Exped.), 1 ♀ [SAMC]; Touwsrivier [
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.20" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-33.2">33.20S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.02" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="20.02">20.02E</geoCoordinate>
], 9.i.1975 (Empey), 1 ♀, 1 ♂ [AMGS]; Ouberg Pass, by road 27 km NE of Montagu (
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.40" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-33.4">33.40S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.16" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="20.16">20.16E</geoCoordinate>
), 3.xii.1986 (S.K. Gess), 1 ♀, 1 ♂ [AMGS]; Rietbron [
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.54" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.54">32.54S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="23.08" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="23.08">23.08E</geoCoordinate>
], 11.i.1965 (H.N. Empey), 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂ [AMGS]; Rietbron [
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.54" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.54">32.54S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="23.08" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="23.08">23.08E</geoCoordinate>
], 19.ii.1971 (Empey), 2 ♀♀, 3 ♂♂ [AMGS]; 16.5 km from Clanwilliam on old road to Citrusdal [
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.16" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.16">32.16S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="18.57" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="18.57">18.57E</geoCoordinate>
], 13.x.1990 (F.W. and S.K. Gess), 1 ♂ [AMGS]; Bergsoom Farm, Citrusdal, 17 &amp;18.i.2009 (D.W. and G.M. Gess), 1 ♀, 3 ♂♂ (on
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rosales" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="karroo">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Acacia karroo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hayne,
<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
) [AMGS]; Clanwilliam District, Klein Alexandershoek (
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.20" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.2">32.20S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="18.46" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="18.46">18.46E</geoCoordinate>
), 6.x.1988 (D.W. Gess), 1 ♂ [AMGS]; Bulshoek, Cl[an]w[illiam] [
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.00" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.0">32.00S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="18.47" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="18.47">18.47E</geoCoordinate>
], xii.1956 (S. A. M.), 2 ♂♂ [SAMC]; Merweville Distr[ict] [32.40S, 21.31], i.-ii.1947 (H. Zinn), 13 ♀♀[SAMC]; Merweville, Laingsburg Distr[ict] [
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.40" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.4">32.40S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="21.31" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="21.31">21.31E</geoCoordinate>
], i.1959 (H. Zinn), 1 ♀♀, 3 ♂♂ [SAMC]; Dikbome, Merweville, Koup [
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.54" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.54">32.54S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="21.22" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="21.22">21.22E</geoCoordinate>
], i.1953 (H. Zinn), 4 ♀♀, 13 ♂♂ [SAMC]; Beaufort West Dist[rict] [circa
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.18" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.18">32.18S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.36" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="22.36">22.36E</geoCoordinate>
], ii.1958 (S. A. M. sic [South African Museum]), 6 ♀♀, 8 ♂♂ [SAMC]; Beaufort West, Oukloof [circa
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.18" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.18">32.18S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.36" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="22.36">22.36E</geoCoordinate>
], i.1949 (Zinn-Hesse Mus,Exp.), 2 ♀♀[SAMC]; Nieuveld Escarpment, Rietvlei [
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.20" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.2">32.20S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="21.30" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="21.3">21.30E</geoCoordinate>
], i.1949 (Zinn-Hesse Mus. Exp.), 2 ♀♀ [SAMC]; Murraysburg Disr[rict] [circa
<geoCoordinate degrees="31.58" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-31.58">31.58S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="23.47" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="23.47">23.47E</geoCoordinate>
], iii.1931 (Museum Staff), 18 ♀♀, 20 ♂♂ [SAMC], same locality, xi.1935 (Museum Staff), 20 ♀♀, 25 ♂♂ [SAMC]; Constable [
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.16" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-33.16">33.16S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.17" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="20.17">20.17E</geoCoordinate>
], ii.1958 [Hesse et al.], 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂ [SAMC]; Koup, Laingsburg Dist[rict][circa
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.24" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-33.24">33.24S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="21.07" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="21.07">21.07E</geoCoordinate>
], ix.1937 (Museum Staff), 1 ♀ [SAMC]; Seven Weeks Poort [
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.22" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-33.22">33.22S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="21.25" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="21.25">21.25E</geoCoordinate>
], ii.1935 (K.H. Barnard], 1 ♀ [SAMC]; Spitzkop. Meirings Poort [
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.3" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5555" value="-32.3">32.3S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.49" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="22.49">22.49E</geoCoordinate>
]. i.1935 (Museum Staff), 2 ♀♀ [SAMC]; Richmond Dist[rict] [circa
<geoCoordinate degrees="31.23" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-31.23">31.23S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="23.56" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="23.56">23.56E</geoCoordinate>
], iii.1931 (Museum Staff), 1 ♀♀, 5 ♂♂ [SAMC]; Spitzkop, Laingsburg Dist. [
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.3" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5555" value="-33.3">33.3S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.35" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="20.35">20.35E</geoCoordinate>
],iii.1938 (Mus. Staff), 1 ♂ [SAMC]; Moordenaars Karroo, Laingsberg Div. [circa
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.58" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.58">32.58S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.49" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="20.49">20.49E</geoCoordinate>
], iii.1937 (Mus. Staff), 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂ [SAMC].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="81" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Geographical distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="81">
Widespread in southern Africa (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Distributions of collection records of Bembix spp.: a Bembix diversipennis b Bembix flavicincta c Bembix fraudulenta d Bembix fuscipennis e Bembix gracilens f Bembix harenarum." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11858" pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Fig. 9d</figureCitation>
), extending northwards to Ethiopia in the northeast and Zaire in the northwest.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="81" type="floral associations">
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Floral associations.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="81">
Recorded from seven plant families:
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Geigeria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pectidea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Geigeria pectidea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(DC) Harv.,
<taxonomicName class="Eudicots" family="Asteraceae" genus="Osteospermum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Osteospermum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Nidorella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="resedifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Nidorella resedifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
DC.);
<taxonomicName genus="Amaranthaceae" lsidName="" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" rank="genus">Amaranthaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Hermbstaedtia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="odorata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Hermbstaedtia odorata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Burch.) T. Cooke);
<taxonomicName genus="Boraginaceae" lsidName="" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" rank="genus">Boraginaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thunb" authorityYear="1794" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Anchusa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Anchusa capensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Thunb.);
<taxonomicName genus="Zygophyllaceae" lsidName="" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" rank="genus">Zygophyllaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Tribulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="terrestris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Tribulus terrestris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.);
<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Mimosoideae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Pinales" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Mimosoideae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rosales" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Karroo">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Acacia Karroo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hayne,
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rosales" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="caffra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Acacia caffra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Thunb) Willd.);
<taxonomicName genus="Apocynaceae" lsidName="" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" rank="genus">Apocynaceae</taxonomicName>
(formerly
<taxonomicName genus="Asclepiadaceae" lsidName="" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" rank="genus">Asclepiadaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. Dietr" authorityYear="1840" baseAuthorityName="E. Mey." class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asclepiadaceae" genus="Gomphocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Gentianales" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Gomphocarpus filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(E. Mey.) D. Dietr);
<taxonomicName genus="Iridaceae" lsidName="" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" rank="genus">Iridaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Micranthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asparagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alopecuroides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Micranthus alopecuroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) Rothm.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="81" type="nesting">
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Nesting.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="81" type="prey">
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="81">Prey.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="81">
Recorded taking seven families of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Diptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malvales" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Hexapoda" family="Tabanidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tabanidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Bombyliidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Syrphidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Muscidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Calliphoridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Calliphoridae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Sarcophagidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sarcophagidae</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tachinidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>