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<mods:title id="29D7D4F6786B23CE83E53F892C5394A2">Ulleung-do earthworms - Dagelet Island revisited</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="346BE09A6CFA05AC25A77CC239917C1F">Blakemore, Robert J.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="018F6500FFA2FF93832AFEA3FAB2FEC5" box="[822,1282,257,281]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="492A368BFFA2FF93832AFEA3FAB2FEC5" blockId="6.[822,1282,257,313]" box="[822,1282,257,281]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<heading id="126281E7FFA2FF93832AFEA3FAB2FEC5" bold="true" box="[822,1282,257,281]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA2FF93832AFEA3FAB2FEC5" authority="(Michaelsen, 1892)" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[822,1282,257,281]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hilgendorfi">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA2FF93832AFEA3FAB2FEC5" bold="true" box="[822,1282,257,281]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA2FF93832AFEA3FB9AFEC5" bold="true" box="[822,1066,257,281]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Metaphire hilgendorfi</emphasis>
(Michaelsen, 1892)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="018F6500FFA2FF93832AFE83FC38FEE5" box="[822,904,289,313]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" type="description">
<paragraph id="492A368BFFA2FF93832AFE83FC38FEE5" blockId="6.[822,1282,257,313]" box="[822,904,289,313]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA2FF93832AFE83FC38FEE5" bold="true" box="[822,904,289,313]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
[
<figureCitation id="D1AE2A0EFFA2FF938321FE83FC30FEE5" box="[829,896,289,313]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[157,190,1926,1947]" captionTargetBox="[371,1197,453,1869]" captionTargetId="figure-77@6.[315,1283,436,1905]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 6. Metaphire hilgendorfi specimen with invaginated male pore analogue showing ventral aspect, spermathecal and prostate gland in situ, prostomium and manicate caecum; [boxed is a conspecific (and congeneric!) specimen with everted male pore, albeit belonging to Metaphire]." pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
]
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="018F6500FFA2FF92832AFEC3FD03FE66" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="492A368BFFA2FF93832AFEC3FA23FE46" blockId="6.[822,1427,353,410]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA2FF93832AFEC3FBAAFEA5" bold="true" box="[822,1050,353,377]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Material examined.</emphasis>
IV0000261247, mature specimen from Tongumi, dissected and figured, providing DNA
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="492A368BFFA2FF938363F8F2FC1BF8BE" blockId="6.[895,939,1872,1890]" box="[895,939,1872,1890]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<quantity id="8E6D9B6EFFA2FF938363F8F2FC1BF8BE" box="[895,939,1872,1890]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
</paragraph>
<caption id="1DEA6603FFA2FF938081F824FEB9F80C" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" startId="6.[157,190,1926,1947]" targetBox="[371,1197,453,1869]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="492A368BFFA2FF938081F824FEB9F80C" blockId="6.[157,1427,1926,2000]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA2FF938081F824FF6BF847" bold="true" box="[157,219,1926,1947]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Fig. 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA2FF9380FEF824FE1DF846" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[226,429,1926,1946]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hilgendorfi">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA2FF9380FEF824FE1DF846" box="[226,429,1926,1946]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Metaphire hilgendorfi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimen with invaginated male pore analogue showing ventral aspect, spermathecal and prostate gland
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA2FF93859DF824FF0EF869" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">in situ</emphasis>
, prostomium and manicate caecum; [boxed is a conspecific (and congeneric!) specimen with everted male pore, albeit belonging to
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA2FF938081F819FF4BF813" authorityName="Sims &amp; Easton" authorityYear="1972" box="[157,251,1979,1999]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA2FF938081F819FF4BF813" box="[157,251,1979,1999]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Metaphire</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
].
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="492A368BFFA3FF928083FEA3FD03FE66" blockId="7.[159,764,257,1374]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">sample w50. IV0000261248, a mature specimen from Arae-tongumi (one of several), its male field figured. IV 0000261249, another mature specimen from Tongumi that lacks male pores and GM on 18. Many other specimens released in the field after identification based on size, genital markings and their escape behaviour.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="018F6500FFA3FF928083FE60FEB4FD47" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="description">
<paragraph id="492A368BFFA3FF928083FE60FEB4FD47" blockId="7.[159,764,257,1374]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928083FE60FE9AFE06" bold="true" box="[159,298,450,474]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Description.</emphasis>
Length
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. Segments ~110. Dorsal pores from 11/12. Spermathecae lateral in 6/7/8. Male pores either absent or present in large invaginated chambers, sometimes everted on blunt penes. GMs circles composed of small discs (up to 20) mid-ventral in 8 and sometimes in 18 too, presetally. Caecae manicate. Many parasites.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="018F6500FFA3FF928083FD01FD5FFA82" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="492A368BFFA3FF928083FD01FF5CFC60" blockId="7.[159,764,257,1374]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928083FD01FEA1FD67" bold="true" box="[159,273,675,699]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Remarks.</emphasis>
Despite
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF928166FD01FDF9FD67" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[378,585,675,699]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="241 - 244" refId="ref5854" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2003 a. Japanese earthworms (Annelida: Oligochaeta): a review and checklist of species. Organisms, Diversity and Evolution 3 (3): 241 - 244 [Available from: http: // www. urbanfischer. de / journals / ode /]." type="journal article" year="2003">Blakemore (2003a</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF928244FD01FD10FD67" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[600,672,675,699]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="2003 - 11" refId="ref5910" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2003 b. Ditto. Organisms, Diversity &amp; Evolution 3 (3): Electronic Supplement 2003 - 11 [Available from: http: // www. senckenberg. de / odes / 03 - 11. htm]." type="journal article" year="2003">2003b</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF9282B3FD01FD44FD67" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[687,756,675,699]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" refId="ref6033" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2008 a. Japanese earthworms. In: A series of searchable texts on earthworm biodiversity, ecology and systematics from various regions of the World. CD-ROM, Yokohama National University, Japan [Available from: www. annelida. net / earthworm / Japanese % 20 Earthworms / Japanese % 20 Earthworms. pdf]." type="book" year="2008">2008a</bibRefCitation>
) showing that Michaelsen’s taxon belonged in
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA3FF928291FD61FD4CFD07" authorityName="Sims &amp; Easton" authorityYear="1972" box="[653,764,707,731]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928291FD61FD4CFD07" box="[653,764,707,731]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Metaphire</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
rather than
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA3FF928100FD41FE34FD27" box="[284,388,739,763]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928100FD41FE34FD27" box="[284,388,739,763]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Amynthas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it was retained in the latter genus by
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF9280DCFCA6FE26FCC7" author="Hong, Y. &amp; T. - H. Kim" box="[192,406,771,796]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="129 - 136" refId="ref6669" refString="Hong, Y. and T. - H. Kim. 2005. The Earthworm fauna from Ulleungdo Island, Korea with one new species of the genus Amynthas (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae). The Korean Journal of Systematic Zoology 21 (2): 129 - 136." type="journal article" year="2005">Hong &amp; Kim (2005)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF9281D6FCA6FD48FCC7" author="Hong, Y. &amp; S. W. James" box="[458,760,771,796]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="1229 - 1256" refId="ref6638" refString="Hong, Y. and S. W. James. 2009. Some new Megascolecoid earthworms (Oligochaeta). Jounal of Natural History 43: 1229 - 1256." type="journal article" year="2009">Hong &amp; James (2009: 1255)</bibRefCitation>
. However,
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF928113FC81FDBBFCE7" author="Song, M. - J. &amp; K. - Y. Paik" box="[271,523,803,827]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="13 - 21" refId="ref7105" refString="Song, M. - J. and K. - Y. Paik. 1969. Preliminary survey of the earthworms from Dagelet Isl., Korea. Korean Journal of Zoology 12 (1): 13 - 21." type="journal article" year="1969">Song &amp; Paik (1969: 15</bibRefCitation>
, tab. 1, figs. 3, 13-14, 28) at least, had already shown that twenty-two out of their
<specimenCount id="5F93FD02FFA3FF9280C6FCC6FE6DFCA0" box="[218,477,868,892]" count="23" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="generic">twenty-three specimens</specimenCount>
from Dagelet had both a male pore shown to be inverted and with large prostate glands.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="492A368BFFA3FF9280A9FC67FD5FFA82" blockId="7.[159,764,257,1374]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF9280A9FC67FE21FC00" author="Hong, Y. &amp; T. - H. Kim" box="[181,401,964,989]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="129 - 136" refId="ref6669" refString="Hong, Y. and T. - H. Kim. 2005. The Earthworm fauna from Ulleungdo Island, Korea with one new species of the genus Amynthas (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae). The Korean Journal of Systematic Zoology 21 (2): 129 - 136." type="journal article" year="2005">Hong &amp; Kim (2005)</bibRefCitation>
make no comment of the state in their
<specimenCount id="5F93FD02FFA3FF9280C7FC46FEC4FC20" box="[219,372,996,1020]" count="50" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="generic">50 specimens</specimenCount>
, but maintained them in
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<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF92828DFC46FD4CFC20" box="[657,764,996,1020]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Amynthas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
presumably on the grounds that the male pores are absent from some specimens or only on one side of the body. Thus presumably one side would belong to genus
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA3FF9282AAFBE7FF7BFBA1" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF9282AAFBE7FF7BFBA1" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Amynthas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the other side with male pores would belong to
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA3FF928083FB27FEBDFB41" authorityName="Sims &amp; Easton" authorityYear="1972" box="[159,269,1157,1181]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928083FB27FEBDFB41" box="[159,269,1157,1181]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Metaphire</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
under such a scheme (as with
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA3FF928252FB27FD0AFB41" baseAuthorityName="Kinberg" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[590,698,1157,1181]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="corticis">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928252FB27FD0AFB41" box="[590,698,1157,1181]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">A. corticis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
noted above) which is clearly a ridiculous situation! The current figure agrees with
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF92817AFB67FD9EFB01" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[358,558,1221,1245]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="95 - 124" refId="ref6362" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2012 c. On opening a box of worms (Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae) - Historical earthworm specimens transferred to Tokyo from the Saito Ho-on Museum of Natural History in Sendai. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo Series A 38 (3): 95 - 124." type="journal article" year="2012">Blakemore (2012c</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 3 of “
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA3FF928283FB64FF5EFB21" baseAuthorityName="Goto &amp; Hatai" baseAuthorityYear="1899" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="glandularis">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928283FB64FF5EFB21" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">M. glandularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”=
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA3FF92810CFB44FE04FB21" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[272,436,1253,1277]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hilgendorfi">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF92810CFB44FE04FB21" box="[272,436,1253,1277]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">M. hilgendorfi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); see also
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF928228FB47FD47FB21" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[564,759,1253,1277]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" refId="ref5812" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2002. Cosmopolitan earthworms - an eco-taxonomic guide to the peregrine species of the World. VermEcology, PO BOX 414 Kippax, ACT 2615, Australia. Pp. 506 [CD pubication]." type="journal volume" year="2002">Blakemore (2002</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF928083FAA7FF53FAC1" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[159,227,1285,1309]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="241 - 244" refId="ref5854" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2003 a. Japanese earthworms (Annelida: Oligochaeta): a review and checklist of species. Organisms, Diversity and Evolution 3 (3): 241 - 244 [Available from: http: // www. urbanfischer. de / journals / ode /]." type="journal article" year="2003">2003a</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF9280ECFAA7FE86FAC1" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[240,310,1285,1309]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="2003 - 11" refId="ref5910" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2003 b. Ditto. Organisms, Diversity &amp; Evolution 3 (3): Electronic Supplement 2003 - 11 [Available from: http: // www. senckenberg. de / odes / 03 - 11. htm]." type="journal article" year="2003">2003b</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF92815EFAA7FE37FAC1" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[322,391,1285,1309]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="7 - 22" refId="ref6191" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2010 a. Saga of Herr Hilgendorf's worms. Zoology in the Middle East 49: 7 - 22." type="journal article" year="2010">2010a</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF92818FFAA7FE69FAC1" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[403,473,1285,1309]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" refId="ref6217" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2010 b. Cosmopolitan earthworms. 4 th Edition. VermEcology, Yokohama, Japan. Pp. 750 [CD publication]." type="journal volume" year="2010">2010b</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF9281F9FAA7FD9CFAC1" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[485,556,1285,1309]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="5 - 14" refId="ref6322" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2012 b. Restating scope of genus Metaphire Sims &amp; Easton, 1972: 40 years on (Oligochaeta). Zoology in the Middle East, Supplementum 4: 5 - 14." type="journal article" year="2012">2012b</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF928224FAA7FDCCFAC1" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[568,636,1285,1309]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="95 - 124" refId="ref6362" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2012 c. On opening a box of worms (Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae) - Historical earthworm specimens transferred to Tokyo from the Saito Ho-on Museum of Natural History in Sendai. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo Series A 38 (3): 95 - 124." type="journal article" year="2012">2012c</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF928295FAA7FD7DFAC1" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[649,717,1285,1309]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" refId="ref6419" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2012 d. Cosmopolitan earthworms. 5 th Edition. VermEcology, Yokohama, Japan. Pp. 950 [CD publication]." type="journal volume" year="2012">2012d</bibRefCitation>
) for clarity on correct generic placement of pheretimoids. Review based on Berlin
<typeStatus id="962E8829FFA3FF92819BFAE4FE0FFA82" box="[391,447,1350,1374]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">types</typeStatus>
is in progress by the author.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<paragraph id="492A368BFFA3FF928083FA27FDFDFA42" blockId="7.[159,589,1413,1470]" box="[159,589,1413,1438]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<heading id="126281E7FFA3FF928083FA27FDFDFA42" bold="true" box="[159,589,1413,1438]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA3FF928083FA27FDFDFA42" authority="(Kobayashi, 1938)" baseAuthorityName="Kobayashi" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[159,589,1413,1438]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="soulensis">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928083FA27FDFDFA42" bold="true" box="[159,589,1413,1438]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928083FA27FECCFA41" bold="true" box="[159,380,1413,1437]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Metaphire soulensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF92819BFA24FDF7FA42" author="Kobayashi, S." box="[391,583,1414,1438]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="89 - 170" refId="ref6854" refString="Kobayashi, S. 1938. Earthworms of Korea I. Science Report of the Tohoku Imperial University 13 (2): 89 - 170." type="journal article" year="1938">Kobayashi, 1938</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="492A368BFFA3FF928083FA04FF41FA62" blockId="7.[159,589,1413,1470]" box="[159,241,1446,1470]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928083FA04FF41FA62" bold="true" box="[159,241,1446,1470]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
[
<figureCitation id="D1AE2A0EFFA3FF9280BAFA04FF59FA62" box="[166,233,1446,1470]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[157,191,1754,1775]" captionTargetBox="[455,1152,257,1717]" captionTargetId="figure-96@8.[272,1279,233,1843]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 7. Metaphire soulensis specimens (all lacking spermathecae and male pores); A. specimen with multi-markings showing ventral aspect; prostomium, 15/16 pseudovesicles, GMs in 18 and manicate caecum; B-D conspecifics encompassing synonyms with fewer GMs." pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
]
</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="018F6500FFA3FF928083FA44FD23F903" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="492A368BFFA3FF928083FA44FD23F903" blockId="7.[159,764,1510,1984]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928083FA44FECEFA22" bold="true" box="[159,382,1510,1534]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Material examined.</emphasis>
IV0000261242, a mature specimen from Narabunji, dissected and figured, providing DNA sample w46. INV0000261243, three matures from Narabunji their male fields sketched; INV0000261244, one mature posterior amputee from Do-dong; INV00002612 54, two mature specimens from Tongumi; INV0000261 256, two matures from Arae-tongumi, plus INV0000261 247 another three matures from Arae-tongumi.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="492A368BFFA3FF928083F945FC07FE46" blockId="7.[159,764,1510,1984]" lastBlockId="7.[824,1429,257,859]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928083F945FE9EF923" bold="true" box="[159,302,1767,1791]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Description.</emphasis>
Length
<quantity id="8E6D9B6EFFA3FF92818CF945FDBEF923" box="[400,526,1767,1791]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.25" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="92.5" valueMax="110.0" valueMin="75.0">75-110 mm</quantity>
with about 100 segments. Colour dark brown dorsum with darker mid-line, clitellum buff 14-16. Dorsal pores from 12/13. No spermathecae, no male pores. GMs are group of one to twelve circular papillae lateral on 18 with glands internally.
<collectingRegion id="8B51F869FFA3FF928083F82AFF6AF87C" box="[159,218,1928,1952]" country="Spain" name="Ceuta" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Septa</collectingRegion>
are aborted in 8/9/10 around gizzard. Hearts in 10- 13. Holandric, testis small in 10 &amp; 11, seminal vesicles in 11 &amp; 12. Pseudovesicles seen in 15/16 and 27/28. Ovaries compact in 13 without ovisacs. Oesophagus dilated in 12 &amp; 13, narrow in 15, intestine in 15, with manicate caeca from 27; typhlosole not noted. Dorsal septal glands from 28/29.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="018F6500FFA3FF928324FE00FCCCFC87" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="492A368BFFA3FF928324FE00FCCCFC87" blockId="7.[824,1429,257,859]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928324FE00FC17FE66" bold="true" box="[824,935,418,442]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Remarks.</emphasis>
Twenty clitellate specimens were described by
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF928346FE60FBE1FE06" author="Song, M. - J. &amp; K. - Y. Paik" box="[858,1105,450,474]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="13 - 21" refId="ref7105" refString="Song, M. - J. and K. - Y. Paik. 1969. Preliminary survey of the earthworms from Dagelet Isl., Korea. Korean Journal of Zoology 12 (1): 13 - 21." type="journal article" year="1969">Song &amp; Paik (1969: 17</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 7, 33-36) as “
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<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF92853AFE60FA25FE06" box="[1318,1429,450,474]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Pheretima</emphasis>
sp. 2
</taxonomicName>
” which was named
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA3FF928453FE40FB43FE26" authorityName="Blakemore" authorityYear="2013" box="[1103,1267,482,506]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="dageletensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928453FE40FB43FE26" box="[1103,1267,482,506]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">A. dageletensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="60D257E2FFA3FF9284E5FE41FAE0FE26" box="[1273,1360,483,506]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
based on a Naribunji
<typeStatus id="962E8829FFA3FF9283C2FDA1FBBCFDC7" box="[990,1036,515,539]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">type</typeStatus>
by
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF928424FDA1FAF5FDC6" author="Hong, Y. &amp; T. - H. Kim" box="[1080,1349,514,539]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="129 - 136" refId="ref6669" refString="Hong, Y. and T. - H. Kim. 2005. The Earthworm fauna from Ulleungdo Island, Korea with one new species of the genus Amynthas (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae). The Korean Journal of Systematic Zoology 21 (2): 129 - 136." type="journal article" year="2005">Hong &amp; Kim (2005: 132</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 1) who compared this name to “
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA3FF92849AFD80FC70FD87" authority="Hong &amp; James, 2001" authorityName="Hong &amp; James" authorityYear="2001" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="righi">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF92849AFD80FA80FDE6" box="[1158,1328,546,570]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Amynthas righi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF928526FD81FC70FD87" author="Hong, Y. &amp; S. W. James" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="269 - 275" refId="ref6597" refString="Hong, Y. and S. W. James. 2001. Five new earthworms of the genus Amynthas Kinberg (Megascolecidae) with four pairs of spermathecae. Zoological Studies 40 (4): 269 - 275." type="journal article" year="2001">Hong &amp; James, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
” (sic lapsus for their
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA3FF9284B0FDE1FAB7FD86" authorityName="Y.Hong &amp; James" authorityYear="2001" box="[1196,1287,578,602]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="righii">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF9284B0FDE1FAB7FD86" box="[1196,1287,578,602]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">A. righii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) that, nevertheless, appears to actually be separate. However, these specimens all comply with prior
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA3FF92848EFD21FAA5FD47" baseAuthorityName="Kobayashi" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[1170,1301,643,667]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="soulensis">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF92848EFD21FAA5FD47" box="[1170,1301,643,667]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">M. soulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and its synonyms of
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA3FF9283B5FD01FAD4FD67" authority="Kobayashi, 1938" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" box="[937,1380,675,699]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="shinkeiensis">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF9283B5FD01FB13FD67" box="[937,1187,675,699]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Pheretima shinkeiensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF9284B0FD01FAD4FD67" author="Kobayashi, S." box="[1196,1380,675,699]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="89 - 170" refId="ref6854" refString="Kobayashi, S. 1938. Earthworms of Korea I. Science Report of the Tohoku Imperial University 13 (2): 89 - 170." type="journal article" year="1938">Kobayashi, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA3FF928324FD61FB34FD07" authority="Ishizuka, 1999" authorityName="Ishizuka" authorityYear="1999" box="[824,1156,707,731]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aokii">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928324FD61FC52FD07" box="[824,994,707,731]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Pheretima aokii</emphasis>
Ishizuka, 1999
</taxonomicName>
- synonymy as per
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF928552FD61FC5EFD27" author="Blakemore, R. J." pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="241 - 244" refId="ref5854" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2003 a. Japanese earthworms (Annelida: Oligochaeta): a review and checklist of species. Organisms, Diversity and Evolution 3 (3): 241 - 244 [Available from: http: // www. urbanfischer. de / journals / ode /]." type="journal article" year="2003">Blakemore (2003a: 43</bibRefCitation>
, b) - plus
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA3FF928442FD41FCDDFCC7" authority="Hong et al., 2005" authorityName="Hong" authorityYear="2005" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="dageletensis">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928442FD41FAB5FD27" box="[1118,1285,739,763]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">A. dageletensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF928513FD46FCDDFCC7" author="Hong, Y. &amp; T. - H. Kim" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="129 - 136" refId="ref6669" refString="Hong, Y. and T. - H. Kim. 2005. The Earthworm fauna from Ulleungdo Island, Korea with one new species of the genus Amynthas (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae). The Korean Journal of Systematic Zoology 21 (2): 129 - 136." type="journal article" year="2005">
Hong
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928549FD46FA3EFD27" box="[1365,1422,739,763]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">et al.</emphasis>
, 2005
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
as per
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF9283A5FCA1FBCDFCC7" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[953,1149,771,795]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" refId="ref6033" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2008 a. Japanese earthworms. In: A series of searchable texts on earthworm biodiversity, ecology and systematics from various regions of the World. CD-ROM, Yokohama National University, Japan [Available from: www. annelida. net / earthworm / Japanese % 20 Earthworms / Japanese % 20 Earthworms. pdf]." type="book" year="2008">Blakemore (2008a</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF928494FCA1FB7DFCC7" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[1160,1229,771,795]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" refId="ref6098" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2008 b. Korean earthworm species - updated checklist. In: A series of searchable texts on earthworms - Supplemental [Available from: http: // www. annelida. net / earthworm / Korean. pdf January, 2012]." type="url" year="2008">2008b</bibRefCitation>
; 2010) and as confirmed by this study. Its known distribution is
<collectingCountry id="3182761BFFA3FF92853AFC86FAD7FCE7" box="[1318,1383,804,827]" name="South Korea" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Korea</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="3182761BFFA3FF928324FCE6FCC8FC87" box="[824,888,836,859]" name="Japan" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Japan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA3FF928324FC66FB5BFC00" ID-CoL="85TYN" authority="(Duges, 1828)" baseAuthorityName="Duges" baseAuthorityYear="1828" box="[824,1259,963,988]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Aporrectodea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="trapezoides">
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<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928324FC66FBFEFC00" bold="true" box="[824,1102,964,988]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Aporrectodea trapezoides</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928324FBA6FBA3FBC0" bold="true" box="[824,1043,1028,1052]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Material examined.</emphasis>
INV0000261251, one mature specimen and
<specimenCount id="5F93FD02FFA3FF9283BEFB86FBFEFBE0" box="[930,1102,1060,1084]" count="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="subadult">three subadults</specimenCount>
; plus INV0000261252, eight mature and subadult specimens all from Tongumi.
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<subSubSection id="018F6500FFA3FF928324FBC7FABBFB61" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="492A368BFFA3FF928324FBC7FABBFB61" blockId="7.[824,1429,1028,1213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928324FBC7FC17FBA1" bold="true" box="[824,935,1125,1149]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Remarks.</emphasis>
Cosmopolitan species already reported from Ulleung-do by
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF9283CEFB27FB2DFB41" author="Song, M. - J. &amp; K. - Y. Paik" box="[978,1181,1157,1181]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="13 - 21" refId="ref7105" refString="Song, M. - J. and K. - Y. Paik. 1969. Preliminary survey of the earthworms from Dagelet Isl., Korea. Korean Journal of Zoology 12 (1): 13 - 21." type="journal article" year="1969">Song &amp; Paik (1969)</bibRefCitation>
and, misspelled as
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“
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928572FB24FC38FB61" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">trapezoids</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” five times by
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA3FF928430FB07FAB7FB61" author="Hong, Y. &amp; T. - H. Kim" box="[1068,1287,1189,1213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="129 - 136" refId="ref6669" refString="Hong, Y. and T. - H. Kim. 2005. The Earthworm fauna from Ulleungdo Island, Korea with one new species of the genus Amynthas (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae). The Korean Journal of Systematic Zoology 21 (2): 129 - 136." type="journal article" year="2005">Hong &amp; Kim (2005)</bibRefCitation>
.
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<heading id="126281E7FFA3FF928324FB47FB33FB21" bold="true" box="[824,1155,1253,1277]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA3FF928324FB47FB33FB21" authority="(Eisen, 1874)" baseAuthorityName="Eisen" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[824,1155,1253,1277]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Bimastos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="parvus">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928324FB47FB33FB21" bold="true" box="[824,1155,1253,1277]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928324FB47FC5DFB21" bold="true" box="[824,1005,1253,1277]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Bimastos parvus</emphasis>
(Eisen, 1874)
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<paragraph id="492A368BFFA3FF928324FA87FC19FA42" blockId="7.[824,1429,1317,1985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928324FA87FBACFAE1" bold="true" box="[824,1052,1317,1341]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Material examined.</emphasis>
INV0000261250,
<specimenCount id="5F93FD02FFA3FF9284F2FA87FA25FAE1" box="[1262,1429,1317,1341]" count="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="generic">four specimens</specimenCount>
from Tongumi, a
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“
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF9283E0FAE4FBF3FA81" box="[1020,1091,1350,1373]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">parvus</emphasis>
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” morph providing DNA sample w51, and a
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA3FF9283A8FAC4FB90FAA2" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1894" box="[948,1056,1382,1406]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Bimastos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="beddardi">
“
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF9283DCFAC4FB90FAA2" box="[960,1056,1382,1406]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">beddardi</emphasis>
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” morph providing w52. Results in Appendix.
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<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928324FA04FC73FA62" bold="true" box="[824,963,1446,1470]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Description.</emphasis>
Lengths
<quantity id="8E6D9B6EFFA3FF92843BFA04FB26FA62" box="[1063,1174,1446,1470]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.35" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="43.5" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="42.0">42-45 mm</quantity>
. Colour pinkish. Dorsal pores from 4/5. Clitellum in 24-30 lacking tubercular pubertatis (
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA3FF9283B2FA45FBA6FA22" baseAuthorityName="Eisen" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[942,1046,1511,1534]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Bimastos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="parvus">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF9283B2FA45FBA6FA22" box="[942,1046,1511,1534]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">B. parvus</emphasis>
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sample w51) or clitellum in 25,26- 31 with tubercula pubertatis in 29-30 (
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA3FF9284D4F9A5FAF3F9C2" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1894" box="[1224,1347,1542,1566]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Bimastos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="beddardi">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF9284D4F9A5FAF3F9C2" box="[1224,1347,1542,1566]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">B. beddardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sample w52 that returns DNA result as
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<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928497F985FB4DF9E3" box="[1163,1277,1575,1599]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">D. rubidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928324F9E5FCC4F983" bold="true" box="[824,884,1607,1631]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Note.</emphasis>
One of the
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has first dorsal pore in 6/7 and clitellum in 26,27-31 with faint tubercula in 29- 30; however, segment 16 is abnormal perhaps invalidating these counts.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928324F965FC17F903" bold="true" box="[824,935,1735,1759]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Remarks.</emphasis>
The
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looked similar but varied slightly.
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA3FF92838AF94AFBF8F923" baseAuthorityName="Eisen" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[918,1096,1768,1791]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Bimastos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="parvus">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF92838AF94AFBF8F923" box="[918,1096,1768,1791]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Bimastos parvus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a cosmopolitan species usually with synonym
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<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF92841DF8AAFB76F8C3" box="[1025,1222,1799,1823]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Bimastos beddardi</emphasis>
(Michaelsen, 1894)
</taxonomicName>
included. However
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- while consistently misspelling parvus as
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“
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA3FF928417F8EBFBF9F8BC" box="[1035,1097,1865,1888]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">parva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” - attempts to revive this taxon in
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, possibly following
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. Nevertheless, this is the first record of either from Ulleung-do. Original orthography,
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localities and
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of these two taxa (and an intervening synonym) are:
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<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFACFF9D8081F978FF6DF933" bold="true" box="[157,221,1754,1775]" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Fig. 7.</emphasis>
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specimens (all lacking spermathecae and male pores); A. specimen with multi-markings showing ventral aspect; prostomium, 15/16 pseudovesicles, GMs in 18 and manicate caecum; B-D conspecifics encompassing synonyms with fewer GMs.
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<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFACFF9D8081F8CEFE33F85F" box="[157,387,1900,1924]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Allolobophora parva</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="F9FD3CD6FFACFF9D8191F8CEFD8DF858" box="[397,573,1900,1924]" collectionCode="US" country="Lebanon" location="Mt" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" specimenCount="1">Eisen, 1874: 46</materialsCitation>
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[locality
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, New York.
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in US National Museum].
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<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFACFF9D8081F80EFE1CF818" box="[157,428,1964,1988]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Dendrobaena constricta</emphasis>
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(part): Friend, 1893: 19 [non
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Rosa, 1884: 38
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(=
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)].
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<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFACFF9D832AF82DFA83F87B" authority="Michaelsen, 1894: 182" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityPageNumber="182" authorityYear="1894" box="[822,1331,1935,1959]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Allolobophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="8" pageNumber="63" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="beddardi">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFACFF9D832AF82DFB87F87B" box="[822,1079,1935,1959]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="63">Allolobophora beddardi</emphasis>
Michaelsen, 1894: 182
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[locality Orlando, Orange County, Florida in a rotted tree trunk.
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Hamburg, 153]. [Non
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Ribaucourt, 1896
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(=
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<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C8111FE80FE17FEE5" box="[269,423,289,313]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Ap. caliginosa</emphasis>
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/
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complex)].
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<subSubSection id="018F6500FFA7FF968083F885FDABF8E3" box="[159,539,1831,1856]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="492A368BFFA7FF968083F885FDABF8E3" blockId="3.[159,539,1831,1888]" box="[159,539,1831,1856]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<heading id="126281E7FFA7FF968083F885FDABF8E3" bold="true" box="[159,539,1831,1856]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF968083F885FDABF8E3" ID-CoL="84WCT" authority="(Kinberg, 1867)" baseAuthorityName="Kinberg" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[159,539,1831,1856]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="corticis">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968083F885FDABF8E3" bold="true" box="[159,539,1831,1856]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968083F885FED5F89C" bold="true" box="[159,357,1831,1856]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Amynthas corticis</emphasis>
(Kinberg, 1867)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="018F6500FFA7FF968083F8EAFF40F8BC" box="[159,240,1864,1888]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="description">
<paragraph id="492A368BFFA7FF968083F8EAFF40F8BC" blockId="3.[159,539,1831,1888]" box="[159,240,1864,1888]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968083F8EAFF40F8BC" bold="true" box="[159,240,1864,1888]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
[
<figureCitation id="D1AE2A0EFFA7FF9680BAF8EAFF59F8BC" box="[166,233,1864,1888]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[824,857,1911,1932]" captionTargetBox="[978,1231,944,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-787@3.[964,1298,871,1922]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Amynthas corticis specimen showing asymmetric GMs on anterior ventrum that some authors would have attributed to different taxa on one side compared to the other!" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
]
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="1DEA6603FFA7FF968324F8D5FB6AF81D" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" startId="3.[824,857,1911,1932]" targetBox="[978,1231,944,1854]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="492A368BFFA7FF968324F8D5FB6AF81D" blockId="3.[824,1429,1911,1985]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968324F8D5FCC6F850" bold="true" box="[824,886,1911,1932]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF968360F8D5FB91F857" baseAuthorityName="Kinberg" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[892,1057,1911,1931]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="corticis">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968360F8D5FB91F857" box="[892,1057,1911,1931]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Amynthas corticis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimen showing asymmetric GMs on anterior ventrum that some authors would have attributed to different taxa on one side compared to the other!
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="018F6500FFA7FF968083F82AFC65FEC5" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="492A368BFFA7FF968083F82AFC65FEC5" blockId="3.[159,764,1928,1984]" lastBlockId="3.[824,1430,257,731]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968083F82AFE38F87C" bold="true" box="[159,392,1928,1952]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Material examined.</emphasis>
IV0000261258, a representative mature specimen from Tongumi (figured); other specimens not kept.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="018F6500FFA7FF968324FE83FC53FE45" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="description">
<paragraph id="492A368BFFA7FF968324FE83FC53FE45" blockId="3.[824,1430,257,731]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968324FE83FC71FEE5" bold="true" box="[824,961,289,313]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Description.</emphasis>
<quantity id="8E6D9B6EFFA7FF9683DBFE83FBACFEE5" box="[967,1052,289,313]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="110.0">110 mm</quantity>
long with marking in 7-8-9lhs only and spermathecae in 5/6-8/9, i.e., one side complying with “
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF968366FEC0FBACFEA5" baseAuthorityName="Goto &amp; Hatai" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[890,1052,353,377]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="heteropodus">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968366FEC0FBACFEA5" box="[890,1052,353,377]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">A. heteropodus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”, one side not. Otherwise agreeing with
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF968372FE20FC6CFE45" baseAuthorityName="Kinberg" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[878,988,386,409]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="corticis">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968372FE20FC6CFE45" box="[878,988,386,409]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">A. corticis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="018F6500FFA7FF968324FE00FC7BFD07" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="492A368BFFA7FF968324FE00FC7BFD07" blockId="3.[824,1430,257,731]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968324FE00FC1BFE66" bold="true" box="[824,939,418,442]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Remarks.</emphasis>
Part of a cosmopolitan
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF9684DBFE00FA25FE65" baseAuthorityName="Kinberg" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[1223,1429,418,442]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="corticis">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF9684DBFE00FA25FE65" box="[1223,1429,418,442]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Amynthas corticis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-complex
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF9683EDFE61FB9CFE06" box="[1009,1068,451,474]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA7FF96842FFE60FB5DFE06" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[1075,1261,450,474]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" refId="ref5812" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2002. Cosmopolitan earthworms - an eco-taxonomic guide to the peregrine species of the World. VermEcology, PO BOX 414 Kippax, ACT 2615, Australia. Pp. 506 [CD pubication]." type="journal volume" year="2002">Blakemore (2002</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA7FF9684E4FE60FA8FFE06" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[1272,1343,450,474]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" refId="ref6217" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2010 b. Cosmopolitan earthworms. 4 th Edition. VermEcology, Yokohama, Japan. Pp. 750 [CD publication]." type="journal volume" year="2010">2010b</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA7FF968555FE60FA3DFE06" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[1353,1421,450,474]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" refId="ref6419" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2012 d. Cosmopolitan earthworms. 5 th Edition. VermEcology, Yokohama, Japan. Pp. 950 [CD publication]." type="journal volume" year="2012">2012d</bibRefCitation>
) wherein it is fully described with its many synonyms including
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF96838CFDA0FAD5FDC6" authority="Goto &amp; Hatai, 1898" authorityName="Goto &amp; Hatai" authorityYear="1898" box="[912,1381,514,538]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Perichaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="heteropoda">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF96838CFDA0FB36FDC6" box="[912,1158,514,538]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Perichaeta heteropoda</emphasis>
Goto &amp; Hatai, 1898
</taxonomicName>
that is still quoted as a valid taxon from
<collectingCountry id="3182761BFFA7FF9684D1FD81FABEFDE6" box="[1229,1294,547,570]" name="South Korea" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Korea</collectingCountry>
by
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA7FF968527FD81FC03FD86" author="Hong, Y. &amp; T. - H. Kim" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" pagination="129 - 136" refId="ref6669" refString="Hong, Y. and T. - H. Kim. 2005. The Earthworm fauna from Ulleungdo Island, Korea with one new species of the genus Amynthas (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae). The Korean Journal of Systematic Zoology 21 (2): 129 - 136." type="journal article" year="2005">Hong &amp; Kim (2005)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA7FF9683F6FDE1FA90FD86" author="Hong, Y. &amp; S. W. James" box="[1002,1312,578,603]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" pagination="1229 - 1256" refId="ref6638" refString="Hong, Y. and S. W. James. 2009. Some new Megascolecoid earthworms (Oligochaeta). Jounal of Natural History 43: 1229 - 1256." type="journal article" year="2009">Hong &amp; James (2009: 1255)</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF968531FDE0FB25FDA7" authority="Hong &amp; Kim, 2002" authorityName="Hong &amp; Kim" authorityYear="2002" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sangumburi">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968531FDE0FC07FDA7" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Amynthas sangumburi</emphasis>
Hong &amp; Kim, 2002
</taxonomicName>
is a probable new synonym (
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA7FF96839CFD21FB88FD47" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[896,1080,643,667]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" pagination="15 - 54" refId="ref6449" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2013. Jeju-do earthworms (Oligochaeta: Megadrilacea) - Quelpart Island revisited. Journal of Species Research 2 (1): 15 - 54." type="journal article" year="2013">Blakemore 2013</bibRefCitation>
), provisionally retained as herein pending further research by its original author (Y. Hong pers. comm.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

247
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<treatment id="C13C879DFFA7FF968083FEA3FF57F923" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C13C879DFFA7FF968083FEA3FF57F923" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C13C879DFFA7FF968083FEA3FF57F923" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<subSubSection id="018F6500FFA7FF968083FEA3FDDBFEC5" box="[159,619,257,281]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="492A368BFFA7FF968083FEA3FDDBFEC5" blockId="3.[159,619,257,281]" box="[159,619,257,281]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<heading id="126281E7FFA7FF968083FEA3FDDBFEC5" bold="true" box="[159,619,257,281]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF968083FEA3FDDBFEC5" ID-CoL="CFFJY" authority="(Goto &amp; Hatai, 1899)" baseAuthorityName="Goto &amp; Hatai" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[159,619,257,281]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="carnosus">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968083FEA3FDDBFEC5" bold="true" box="[159,619,257,281]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968083FEA3FEC8FEC4" bold="true" box="[159,376,257,281]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Amynthas carnosus</emphasis>
(Goto &amp; Hatai, 1899)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="018F6500FFA7FF968083FEE3FE62FE26" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="492A368BFFA7FF968083FEE3FE62FE26" blockId="3.[159,766,321,1791]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968083FEE3FE37FE85" bold="true" box="[159,391,321,345]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Material examined.</emphasis>
INV0000261260, ten specimens combined in one sample: two matures from Tongumi, 24
<superScript id="BEE09BC3FFA7FF9680A5FE22FF76FE4C" attach="left" box="[185,198,384,400]" fontSize="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">th</superScript>
Sept., 2012; two from Naribunji, 25
<superScript id="BEE09BC3FFA7FF96827CFE22FDDDFE4C" attach="left" box="[608,621,384,400]" fontSize="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">th</superScript>
Sept., 2012; six from Arae-tongumi, 27
<superScript id="BEE09BC3FFA7FF9681ABFE02FE74FE6C" attach="left" box="[439,452,416,432]" fontSize="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">th</superScript>
Sept, 2012. [INV000261262, an anomalous specimen providing DNA sample w54 removed (see
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF968101FE40FEC1FE26" baseAuthorityName="Stephenson" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[285,369,482,506]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pingi">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968101FE40FEC1FE26" box="[285,369,482,506]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">A. pingi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
below)].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="018F6500FFA7FF968083FDA0FD13FD46" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="description">
<paragraph id="492A368BFFA7FF968083FDA0FD13FD46" blockId="3.[159,766,321,1791]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968083FDA0FE9AFDC6" bold="true" box="[159,298,514,538]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Description.</emphasis>
Specimens comply with
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF968223FDA0FD0EFDC6" baseAuthorityName="Goto &amp; Hatai" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[575,702,514,538]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="carnosus">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968223FDA0FD0EFDC6" box="[575,702,514,538]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">A. carnosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
diagnosis having variable GMs near spermathecal pores in 5/6/7/8/9 and median to male pores that are superficial on
<quantity id="8E6D9B6EFFA7FF9680DCFDC1FF47FDA7" box="[192,247,611,635]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.572" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" unit="in" value="18.0">18 in</quantity>
round porophores. [Anomalous specimen INV0 00261262 is provisionally listed under
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF96825CFD21FD24FD46" baseAuthorityName="Stephenson" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[576,660,643,666]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pingi">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF96825CFD21FD24FD46" box="[576,660,643,666]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">A. pingi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="018F6500FFA7FF968083FD01FF57F923" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="492A368BFFA7FF968083FD01FD4BFB01" blockId="3.[159,766,321,1791]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968083FD01FEBDFD67" bold="true" box="[159,269,675,699]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Remarks.</emphasis>
Chinese/Japanese/Korean
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF968230FD01FE36FD07" authority="(Goto &amp; Hatai, 1899)" baseAuthorityName="Goto &amp; Hatai" baseAuthorityYear="1899" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="carnosus">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968230FD01FD4BFD67" box="[556,763,675,699]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Amynthas carnosus</emphasis>
(Goto &amp; Hatai, 1899)
</taxonomicName>
recently redescribed on the
<collectingRegion id="8B51F869FFA7FF9682AAFD61FD4CFD07" box="[694,764,707,731]" country="Japan" name="Tokyo" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Tokyo</collectingRegion>
museum
<typeStatus id="962E8829FFA7FF96811FFD46FEE7FD20" box="[259,343,740,764]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
(
<collectingRegion id="8B51F869FFA7FF96817FFD41FE1AFD27" box="[355,426,739,763]" country="Japan" name="Tokyo" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Tokyo</collectingRegion>
NSMT An435) by
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA7FF96829AFD41FF44FCC7" author="Blakemore, R. J." pageId="3" pageNumber="58" pagination="35 - 43" refId="ref6247" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2012 a. Amynthas carnosus (Goto &amp; Hatai, 1899) redescribed on its neotype (Oligochaeta: Megadrilacea: Megascolecidae). Journal of Species Research 1 (1): 35 - 43 [Available from: www. nibr. go. kr / download? attach _ path = journal &amp; attach = 2012 vol 1 no 1 _ 4. pdf]." type="journal article" year="2012">Blakemore (2012a)</bibRefCitation>
. Synonymy includes:
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF9681C2FCA1FD8CFCC7" box="[478,572,771,795]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">kyamikia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA7FF96825FFCA1FD48FCC7" author="Kobayashi, S." box="[579,760,771,795]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref6769" refString="Kobayashi, S. 1934. Three new Korean earthworms belonging to the genus Pheretima, together with the wider range of the distribution of Pheretima hilgendorfi (Michaelsen). Journal of Chosen Natural History Society 19: 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1934">Kobayashi, 1934</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF968083FC81FE6EFCE7" authority="Kobayashi, 1936" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1936" box="[159,478,803,827]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="monstrifera">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968083FC81FEABFCE7" box="[159,283,803,827]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">monstrifera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA7FF968138FC81FE6EFCE7" author="Kobayashi, S." box="[292,478,803,827]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" pagination="115 - 138" refId="ref6812" refString="Kobayashi, S. 1936. Distribution and some external characteristics of Pheretima (Ph.) carnosa (Goto et Hatai) from Korea. Science Report of the Tohoku Imperial University 11 (1): 115 - 138." type="journal article" year="1936">Kobayashi, 1936</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF9681F7FC81FD0EFCE7" box="[491,702,803,827]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">sangyeoli, youngtai</emphasis>
(with segments miscounted),
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968187FCE1FD28FC87" box="[411,664,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF968187FCE1FD97FC87" authorityName="Hong &amp; James" authorityYear="2001" box="[411,551,835,859]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kimhaeiensis">kimhaeiensis</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF96822EFCE6FD28FC87" authorityName="Hong &amp; James" authorityYear="2011" box="[562,664,836,859]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sinsiensis">sinsiensis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF9682D0FCE1FE90FCA0" authorityName="Hong &amp; James" authorityYear="2001" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="baemsagolensis">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF9682D0FCE1FE90FCA0" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">baemsagolensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- all Korean names by
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA7FF968208FCC6FD47FCA0" author="Hong, Y. &amp; S. W. James" box="[532,759,868,892]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" pagination="269 - 275" refId="ref6597" refString="Hong, Y. and S. W. James. 2001. Five new earthworms of the genus Amynthas Kinberg (Megascolecidae) with four pairs of spermathecae. Zoological Studies 40 (4): 269 - 275." type="journal article" year="2001">Hong &amp; James, 2001</bibRefCitation>
, Chinese
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF9680E5FC27FEDEFC40" box="[249,366,901,924]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">monsoonus</emphasis>
James
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF9681A6FC27FE5FFC40" box="[442,495,900,924]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
, 2005,
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968221FC26FDCEFC40" box="[573,638,900,924]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">fuscus</emphasis>
Qiu &amp; Sun, 2012 plus
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF96810EFC06FD7AFC60" authority="Shen et al., 2013" authorityName="Shen" authorityYear="2013" box="[274,714,932,956]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="taiwumontis">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF96810EFC06FDB6FC60" box="[274,518,932,956]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Amynthas taiwumontis</emphasis>
Shen
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968252FC07FD36FC60" box="[590,646,932,956]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
, 2013
</taxonomicName>
that was compared to
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF968171FC66FD4BFC00" authority="(Gates, 1935)" baseAuthorityName="Gates" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[365,763,964,988]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fornicatus">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968171FC66FDE9FC00" box="[365,601,964,988]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Amynthas fornicatus</emphasis>
(Gates, 1935)
</taxonomicName>
which, after
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA7FF968137FC46FE5CFC20" author="Chen, Y." box="[299,492,996,1020]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" pagination="269 - 306" refId="ref6526" refString="Chen, Y. 1936. On the terrestrial Oligochaeta from Szechuan II with notes on Gates' types. Contribution of the Biological Laboratory of Science Society of China (Zoology) 11: 269 - 306." type="journal article" year="1936">Chen (1936: 298)</bibRefCitation>
, is held in synonymy of Chinese
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF9680E6FBA7FDAFFBC0" authority="(Stephenson, 1925)" baseAuthorityName="Stephenson" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[250,543,1028,1052]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pingi">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF9680E6FBA7FEFDFBC0" box="[250,333,1029,1052]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">A. pingi</emphasis>
(Stephenson, 1925)
</taxonomicName>
itself usually in synonymy of
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF968110FB87FE39FBE0" baseAuthorityName="Goto &amp; Hatai" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[268,393,1061,1084]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="carnosus">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968110FB87FE39FBE0" box="[268,393,1061,1084]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">A. carnosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but provisionally retained pending its review based on the types, as per
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA7FF96822DFBE7FD47FB81" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[561,759,1093,1117]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" pagination="35 - 43" refId="ref6247" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2012 a. Amynthas carnosus (Goto &amp; Hatai, 1899) redescribed on its neotype (Oligochaeta: Megadrilacea: Megascolecidae). Journal of Species Research 1 (1): 35 - 43 [Available from: www. nibr. go. kr / download? attach _ path = journal &amp; attach = 2012 vol 1 no 1 _ 4. pdf]." type="journal article" year="2012">Blakemore (2012a</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA7FF968083FBC7FF65FBA1" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[159,213,1125,1149]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" pagination="15 - 54" refId="ref6449" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2013. Jeju-do earthworms (Oligochaeta: Megadrilacea) - Quelpart Island revisited. Journal of Species Research 2 (1): 15 - 54." type="journal article" year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
) and as noted below.
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF9681A7FBC7FDE9FBA0" box="[443,601,1125,1148]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="taiwumontis">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF9681A7FBC7FDE9FBA0" box="[443,601,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">A. taiwumontis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was also strangely compared to
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF968143FB27FD04FB41" authority="(Cognetti, 1906)" baseAuthorityName="Cognetti" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[351,692,1157,1181]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="marenzelleri">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968143FB27FDB2FB41" box="[351,514,1157,1181]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">A. marenzelleri</emphasis>
(Cognetti, 1906)
</taxonomicName>
that is a long established synonyn of
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF9681EDFB07FD60FB61" authority="(Kinberg)" baseAuthorityName="Kinberg" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[497,720,1189,1213]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="corticis">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF9681EDFB07FDD1FB61" box="[497,609,1189,1213]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">A. corticis</emphasis>
(Kinberg)
</taxonomicName>
despite its recent redescription by
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA7FF9681EFFB67FD47FB01" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[499,759,1221,1245]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" pagination="95 - 124" refId="ref6362" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2012 c. On opening a box of worms (Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae) - Historical earthworm specimens transferred to Tokyo from the Saito Ho-on Museum of Natural History in Sendai. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo Series A 38 (3): 95 - 124." type="journal article" year="2012">Blakemore (2012c: 114)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="492A368BFFA7FF968083FB47FF57F923" blockId="3.[159,766,321,1791]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968083FB47FF6AFB21" bold="true" box="[159,218,1253,1277]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Note.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA7FF9680FCFB47FE62FB21" author="Song, M. - J. &amp; K. - Y. Paik" box="[224,466,1253,1277]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" pagination="13 - 21" refId="ref7105" refString="Song, M. - J. and K. - Y. Paik. 1969. Preliminary survey of the earthworms from Dagelet Isl., Korea. Korean Journal of Zoology 12 (1): 13 - 21." type="journal article" year="1969">Song &amp; Paik (1969: 17</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 29-32) described “
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF9682C9FB47FE9CFAC1" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undefined-1">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF9682C9FB47FF40FAC1" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Pheretima</emphasis>
sp. 1
</taxonomicName>
” from “
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF968196FAA4FEB1FAE1" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
5 clitellate specimens
<date id="3D2B104BFFA7FF968261FAA4FD48FAC1" box="[637,760,1285,1309]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" value="1966-05-11">V 11, 1966</date>
, Y.K. Kim
</emphasis>
” that
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA7FF96815BFA84FDDDFAE2" author="Hong, Y. &amp; S. W. James" box="[327,621,1318,1342]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" pagination="269 - 275" refId="ref6597" refString="Hong, Y. and S. W. James. 2001. Five new earthworms of the genus Amynthas Kinberg (Megascolecidae) with four pairs of spermathecae. Zoological Studies 40 (4): 269 - 275." type="journal article" year="2001">Hong &amp; James (2001: 274)</bibRefCitation>
named as
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF9682FAFA84FEF9FA82" authorityName="Hong &amp; James" authorityYear="2001" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="baemsagolensis">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF9682FAFA84FEF9FA82" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">A. baemsagolensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
after its
<typeStatus id="962E8829FFA7FF9681ADFAE4FE6FFA82" box="[433,479,1350,1374]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">type</typeStatus>
locality at Mt Jiri on the mainland, including Song &amp; Paik’s material as “
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF9682B5FAC4FE8AFA42" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">8 clitellate specimens</emphasis>
” from “
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF96818FFA24FD37FA42" box="[403,647,1414,1438]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
Dagelet I.,
<date id="3D2B104BFFA7FF968217FA24FD37FA42" box="[523,647,1414,1438]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" value="1966-08-05">5 Aug 1966</date>
</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF96828FFA25FD57FA42" box="[659,743,1415,1438]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">YK Kim</emphasis>
)” (sic lapsus?).
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA7FF968125FA05FD9DFA62" author="Hong, Y. &amp; S. W. James" box="[313,557,1446,1471]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" pagination="269 - 275" refId="ref6597" refString="Hong, Y. and S. W. James. 2001. Five new earthworms of the genus Amynthas Kinberg (Megascolecidae) with four pairs of spermathecae. Zoological Studies 40 (4): 269 - 275." type="journal article" year="2001">Hong &amp; James (2001)</bibRefCitation>
only compared
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF9682F8FA04FEF4FA02" authorityName="Hong &amp; James" authorityYear="2001" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="baemsagolensis">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF9682F8FA04FEF4FA02" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">A. baemsagolensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to their own
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF9681CDFA64FEBAFA22" authority="Hong &amp; James, 2011: 272" authorityName="Hong &amp; James" authorityPageNumber="272" authorityYear="2011" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sinsiensis">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF9681CDFA64FDE2FA02" box="[465,594,1478,1502]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">A. sinsiensis</emphasis>
Hong &amp; James, 2011: 272
</taxonomicName>
- inexplicably overlooking their earlier
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF9682B3FA45FD93F9C3" authority="Hong &amp; James, 2001: 270" authorityName="Hong &amp; James" authorityPageNumber="270" authorityYear="2001" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kimhaeiensis">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF9682B3FA45FEB2F9C2" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">A. kimhaeiensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA7FF968115F9A5FD93F9C3" author="Hong, Y. &amp; S. W. James" box="[265,547,1543,1567]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" pagination="269 - 275" refId="ref6597" refString="Hong, Y. and S. W. James. 2001. Five new earthworms of the genus Amynthas Kinberg (Megascolecidae) with four pairs of spermathecae. Zoological Studies 40 (4): 269 - 275." type="journal article" year="2001">Hong &amp; James, 2001: 270</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
synonym of
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF9682ADF9A5FF6BF9E2" baseAuthorityName="Goto &amp; Hatai" baseAuthorityYear="1899" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="carnosus">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF9682ADF9A5FF6BF9E2" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">A. carnosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- and to
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF96812AF985FD27F9E2" authority="(Kobayashi, 1936)" baseAuthorityName="Kobayashi" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[310,663,1574,1599]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="monstrifera">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF96812AF985FE7FF9E3" box="[310,463,1575,1599]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">A. monstrifera</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA7FF9681C5F985FD20F9E2" author="Kobayashi, S." box="[473,656,1574,1599]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" pagination="115 - 138" refId="ref6812" refString="Kobayashi, S. 1936. Distribution and some external characteristics of Pheretima (Ph.) carnosa (Goto et Hatai) from Korea. Science Report of the Tohoku Imperial University 11 (1): 115 - 138." type="journal article" year="1936">Kobayashi, 1936</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
- as inde- ed had
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA7FF9680F2F9E5FE5EF983" author="Song, M. - J. &amp; K. - Y. Paik" box="[238,494,1607,1631]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" pagination="13 - 21" refId="ref7105" refString="Song, M. - J. and K. - Y. Paik. 1969. Preliminary survey of the earthworms from Dagelet Isl., Korea. Korean Journal of Zoology 12 (1): 13 - 21." type="journal article" year="1969">Song &amp; Paik (1969: 17)</bibRefCitation>
- that is itself a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFA7FF9680A1F9C5FE8BF9A3" baseAuthorityName="Goto &amp; Hatai" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[189,315,1639,1663]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="carnosus">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF9680A1F9C5FE8BF9A3" box="[189,315,1639,1663]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">A. carnosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFA7FF968156F9C5FDE5F9A3" author="Hong, Y. &amp; T. - H. Kim" box="[330,597,1639,1663]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" pagination="129 - 136" refId="ref6669" refString="Hong, Y. and T. - H. Kim. 2005. The Earthworm fauna from Ulleungdo Island, Korea with one new species of the genus Amynthas (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae). The Korean Journal of Systematic Zoology 21 (2): 129 - 136." type="journal article" year="2005">Hong &amp; Kim (2005: 130</bibRefCitation>
, 132) misspell- ed the name as “
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFA7FF96814DF925FE5EF943" box="[337,494,1671,1695]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">bamsagolensis</emphasis>
” (sic lapsus) three times, amongst many other errors (see below) in a paper acknowledging review of all their taxonomic descriptions by S. James.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="8287F1EB241B94C09C0F877B5976C325">Ulleung-do earthworms - Dagelet Island revisited</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="935781958F06DD2D3F418CD8889510C4" type="personal">
<mods:role id="DC55EF37929E73E3F14200CC5F30B290">
<mods:roleTerm id="9CEA77FB1418D3069CE6A69A3F13C31D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="52BEF6A96317907593F13E933B12B699">Blakemore, Robert J.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="56F7F126ECA9F01E48B43C49E77B2366">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="E2FE291A38D32DB25709834AE2C609B3">
<mods:title id="16F602F6C636950E6E86704D38CE1358">Journal of Species Research</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="EEC26F436DECCFD10DA959F58DB0C798">
<mods:date id="33A0FD0E5FA9C59773739B1C3C7259AB">2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="0D2E4C4EA51653C49E417191910A3BC8" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="2AA3A8AEBE0994B2E720914F76AD9E4D">2013-02-28</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="4CFC0C75E72E1A15B6E0300321A94684" type="volume">
<mods:number id="CEC061B6F6FE95B7E89557A43CDB71E2">2</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="668301C982A4E9EB327757E0624CE5C3">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="4AAE379E9D51145425F09DA4D1AFB560">55</mods:start>
<mods:end id="0A2457DA29589BEF0E4EB3C60090405F">68</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="41F08C41F243AEA4A31B2C7499A3CDFB">
<mods:url id="DE816B454E3D7D1551D3136904F724CE">http://dx.doi.org/10.12651/jsr.2013.2.1.055</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="72DE7B4B903A6C3517FB23ED7D6C71AD">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="69562A1E9FA6C315821C98FE360A43D3" type="DOI">10.12651/JSR.2013.2.1.055</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0531430568E8181E6EE8A7375AC872C9" type="ISSN">2713-8615</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C13C879DFFADFF9C8083FCE1FBF5FEA5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C13C879DFFADFF9C8083FCE1FBF5FEA5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C13C879DFFADFF9C8083FCE1FBF5FEA5" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">
<subSubSection id="018F6500FFADFF9C8083FCE1FE59FC87" box="[159,489,835,859]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="492A368BFFADFF9C8083FCE1FE59FC87" blockId="9.[159,489,835,859]" box="[159,489,835,859]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">
<heading id="126281E7FFADFF9C8083FCE1FE59FC87" bold="true" box="[159,489,835,859]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFADFF9C8083FCE1FE59FC87" ID-CoL="38W46" authority="(Savigny, 1826)" baseAuthorityName="Savigny" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[159,489,835,859]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Eisenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fetida">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C8083FCE1FE59FC87" bold="true" box="[159,489,835,859]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C8083FCE1FE86FC87" bold="true" box="[159,310,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Eisenia fetida</emphasis>
(Savigny, 1826)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="018F6500FFADFF9C8083FC26FD92FC67" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="492A368BFFADFF9C8083FC26FD92FC67" blockId="9.[159,764,900,1984]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C8083FC26FE38FC40" bold="true" box="[159,392,900,924]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Material examined.</emphasis>
INV0000261249, four Tongumi specimens, one a posterior amputee.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="018F6500FFADFF9C8083FC66FE4FFBE1" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" type="description">
<paragraph id="492A368BFFADFF9C8083FC66FE4FFBE1" blockId="9.[159,764,900,1984]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C8083FC66FE9AFC00" bold="true" box="[159,298,964,988]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Description.</emphasis>
Lengths
<quantity id="8E6D9B6EFFADFF9C8191FC66FE4BFC00" box="[397,507,964,988]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="77.5" valueMax="85.0" valueMin="70.0">70-85 mm</quantity>
, colour red-striped with pale intersegments and pale laterally on 9-11. Epilobous with first dorsal pore in 4/5. Clitellum 25,26-31,32 with tubercula pubertates in 27,28-30.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="018F6500FFADFF9C8083FBE7FBF5FEA5" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="492A368BFFADFF9C8083FBE7FDE8FA22" blockId="9.[159,764,900,1984]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C8083FBE7FEA0FB81" bold="true" box="[159,272,1093,1117]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Remarks.</emphasis>
Cosmopolitan species, previously recorded from Ulleung-do (Song &amp; Paik 1996: 14,
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFADFF9C8279FBC7FEA0FB41" author="Hong, Y. &amp; T. - H. Kim" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" pagination="129 - 136" refId="ref6669" refString="Hong, Y. and T. - H. Kim. 2005. The Earthworm fauna from Ulleungdo Island, Korea with one new species of the genus Amynthas (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae). The Korean Journal of Systematic Zoology 21 (2): 129 - 136." type="journal article" year="2005">Hong &amp; Kim, 2005: 130</bibRefCitation>
). Often variously mixed with “
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFADFF9C827AFB24FE3BFB61" authority="Bouche, 1972" authorityName="Bouche" authorityYear="1972" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Eisenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="subSpecies" species="fetida" subSpecies="andrei">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C827AFB24FF55FB61" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Eisenia fetida andrei</emphasis>
Bouché, 1972
</taxonomicName>
” as either a synonym, as invalid morph or ‘variety’, as a sub-species or as a separate species but none with justification based on
<typeStatus id="962E8829FFADFF9C8223FB44FDC6FB22" box="[575,630,1254,1278]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">types</typeStatus>
nor priority. For example, Hong
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C8164FAA4FE1EFAC1" box="[376,430,1285,1309]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">et al.</emphasis>
(2001) claimed
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFADFF9C8241FAA4FD71FAC1" baseAuthorityName="Bouche" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[605,705,1285,1309]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Eisenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="andrei">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C8241FAA4FD71FAC1" box="[605,705,1285,1309]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">E. andrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="3182761BFFADFF9C8083FA84FF50FAE1" box="[159,224,1318,1341]" name="South Korea" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Korea</collectingCountry>
but offered no DNA support. Thus
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFADFF9C8245FA84FD0BFAE1" baseAuthorityName="Bouche" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[601,699,1317,1341]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Eisenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="andrei">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C8245FA84FD0BFAE1" box="[601,699,1317,1341]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">E. andrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not confirmed from
<collectingCountry id="3182761BFFADFF9C814FFAE4FE24FA81" box="[339,404,1350,1373]" name="South Korea" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Korea</collectingCountry>
- nor elsewhere - mainly because as there are ca. 15 ignored or overlooked names currently in synonymy of
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFADFF9C8157FA25FE13FA42" baseAuthorityName="Savigny" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[331,419,1414,1438]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Eisenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fetida">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C8157FA25FE13FA42" box="[331,419,1414,1438]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">E. fetida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that have priority over
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFADFF9C8286FA25FD4BFA42" baseAuthorityName="Bouche" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[666,763,1414,1438]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Eisenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="andrei">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C8286FA25FD4BFA42" box="[666,763,1414,1438]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">E. andrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and are as yet untested. Some of these synonyms, listed in
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFADFF9C80A6FA64FEDFFA02" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[186,367,1478,1502]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" refId="ref5812" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2002. Cosmopolitan earthworms - an eco-taxonomic guide to the peregrine species of the World. VermEcology, PO BOX 414 Kippax, ACT 2615, Australia. Pp. 506 [CD pubication]." type="journal volume" year="2002">Blakemore (2002</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFADFF9C8165FA64FE00FA02" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[377,432,1478,1502]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" pagination="75 - 120" refId="ref5958" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2004. A provisional list of valid names of Lumbricoidea (Oligochaeta) after Easton, 1983. In: A. G. Moreno and Borges, S. (eds.), Avances en taxonomia de lombrices de tierra / Advances in earthworm taxonomy (Annelida: Oligochaeta). Editorial Complutense, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain. Pp. 75 - 120." type="book chapter" year="2004">2004</bibRefCitation>
; 2010; 2012d), which are mostly still available under rules of ICZN are:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="492A368BFFADFF9C80DFF9A5FD1DF9C2" blockId="9.[159,764,900,1984]" box="[195,685,1542,1567]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">
1.
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFADFF9C80C1F9A4FD19F9C2" authority="Burmeister, 1835" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1835" box="[221,681,1542,1567]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Lumbricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="semifasciatus">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C80C1F9A4FE56F9C3" box="[221,486,1542,1567]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Lumbricus semifasciatus</emphasis>
Burmeister, 1835
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="492A368BFFADFF9C80DFF985FD31F9E2" blockId="9.[159,764,900,1984]" box="[195,641,1574,1599]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">
2.
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFADFF9C80C1F985FDCDF9E2" authority="Templeton, 1836" authorityName="Templeton" authorityYear="1836" box="[221,637,1574,1599]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Lumbricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="annularis">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C80C1F985FE0CF9E3" box="[221,444,1575,1599]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Lumbricus annularis</emphasis>
Templeton, 1836
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="492A368BFFADFF9C80DFF9E5FD39F983" blockId="9.[159,764,900,1984]" box="[195,649,1607,1631]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">
3.
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFADFF9C80C1F9E5FDCFF983" authority="Templeton, 1836" authorityName="Templeton" authorityYear="1836" box="[221,639,1607,1631]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Lumbricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="xanthurus">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C80C1F9E5FE71F983" box="[221,449,1607,1631]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Lumbricus xanthurus</emphasis>
Templeton, 1836
</taxonomicName>
?
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="492A368BFFADFF9C80DFF9C5FDD9F9A3" blockId="9.[159,764,900,1984]" box="[195,617,1639,1663]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">
4.
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFADFF9C80C1F9C5FDD5F9A3" authority="Hoffmeister, 1842" authorityName="Hoffmeister" authorityYear="1842" box="[221,613,1639,1663]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Lumbricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="olidus">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C80C1F9C5FE27F9A3" box="[221,407,1639,1663]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Lumbricus olidus</emphasis>
Hoffmeister, 1842
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="492A368BFFADFF9C80DFF925FDE4F943" blockId="9.[159,764,900,1984]" box="[195,596,1671,1695]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">
5.
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFADFF9C80C1F925FDE0F943" authority="Blanchard, 1849" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1849" box="[221,592,1671,1695]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Lumbricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="luteus">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C80C1F925FE26F943" box="[221,406,1671,1695]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Lumbricus luteus</emphasis>
Blanchard, 1849
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="492A368BFFADFF9C80DFF905FDCDF963" blockId="9.[159,764,900,1984]" box="[195,637,1703,1727]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">
6.
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFADFF9C80C1F905FDCAF963" authority="Baird, 1873" authorityName="Baird" authorityYear="1873" box="[221,634,1703,1727]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Lumbricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rubrofasciatus">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C80C1F905FE42F963" box="[221,498,1703,1727]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Lumbricus rubrofasciatus</emphasis>
Baird, 1873
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="492A368BFFADFF9C80DFF96AFD4BF903" blockId="9.[159,764,900,1984]" box="[195,763,1735,1759]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">
7.
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFADFF9C80C1F965FD21F903" authority="Eisen, 1879" authorityName="Eisen" authorityYear="1879" box="[221,657,1735,1759]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Allolobophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nordenskioldi">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C80C1F965FDBCF903" box="[221,524,1735,1759]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Allolobophora nordenskiöldi</emphasis>
Eisen, 1879
</taxonomicName>
(in part.)?
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="492A368BFFADFF9C80C1F945FDFDF8DC" blockId="9.[159,764,900,1984]" box="[221,589,1767,1792]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">[Review by Blakemore (in press)].</paragraph>
<paragraph id="492A368BFFADFF9C80DFF8AAFDDFF8C3" blockId="9.[159,764,900,1984]" box="[195,623,1799,1824]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">
8.
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFADFF9C80C1F8A5FDE5F8C3" authority="Hutton, 1876" authorityName="Hutton" authorityYear="1876" box="[221,597,1799,1823]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Lumbricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="annulatus">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C80C1F8A5FE0FF8C3" box="[221,447,1799,1823]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Lumbricus annulatus</emphasis>
Hutton, 1876
</taxonomicName>
/7.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="492A368BFFADFF9C80DFF88AFD5FF89C" blockId="9.[159,764,900,1984]" box="[195,751,1832,1856]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">
9.
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFADFF9C80C1F88AFD5AF89C" authority="Orley, 1881" authorityName="Orley" authorityYear="1881" box="[221,746,1832,1856]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Allolobophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="variety" species="foetida" variety="fimetoria">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C80C1F88AFE7AF89C" box="[221,458,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Allolobophora foetida</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C821CF88AFDD2F89C" box="[512,610,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">fimetoria</emphasis>
Örley, 1881
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="492A368BFFADFF9C80A9F8EAFDFEF8BC" blockId="9.[159,764,900,1984]" box="[181,590,1864,1888]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">
10.
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFADFF9C80C1F8EAFE06F8BC" authorityName="W.Smith" authorityYear="1887" box="[221,438,1864,1888]" class="Clitellata" family="Eudrilidae" genus="Endrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="annulatus">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C80C1F8EAFE06F8BC" box="[221,438,1864,1888]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Endrilus? annulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: Smith, 1887.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="492A368BFFADFF9C80A9F8CAFD4BF85C" blockId="9.[159,764,900,1984]" box="[181,763,1896,1920]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">
11.
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFADFF9C80C1F8CBFD4BF85C" authority="Michaelsen, 1903" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1903" box="[221,763,1896,1920]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Eisenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="subSpecies" species="nordenskioldi" subSpecies="caucasica">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C80C1F8CBFDD2F85C" box="[221,610,1896,1920]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Eisenia nordenskiöldi caucasica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFADFF9C8271F8CAFD4BF85C" author="Michaelsen, W." box="[621,763,1896,1920]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" refId="ref6945" refString="Michaelsen, W. 1903. Die geographische verbreitung der oligochaeten. Friedlander &amp; Sohn, Berlin. Pp. 186." type="journal volume" year="1903">Michaelsen,</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="492A368BFFADFF9C80C1F82AFEAEF87C" blockId="9.[159,764,900,1984]" box="[221,286,1928,1952]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">1903?</paragraph>
<paragraph id="492A368BFFADFF9C80A9F80AFDD6F81C" blockId="9.[159,764,900,1984]" box="[181,614,1960,1984]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">
12.
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFADFF9C80C1F80BFDD3F81C" authority="Tzelepe, 1943" authorityName="Tzelepe" authorityYear="1943" box="[221,611,1960,1984]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Eisenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="subSpecies" species="foetida" subSpecies="attica">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C80C1F80BFE72F81C" box="[221,450,1960,1984]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Eisenia foetida attica</emphasis>
Tzelepe, 1943
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="492A368BFFADFF9C8353FEA3FBF5FEA5" blockId="9.[847,1429,257,377]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">
13.
<taxonomicName id="8E954D08FFADFF9C836BFEA0FB61FEC5" authority="Backlund, 1948" authorityName="Backlund" authorityYear="1948" box="[887,1233,257,281]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Eisenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fasciata">
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C836BFEA0FB92FEC5" box="[887,1058,257,281]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Eisenia fasciata</emphasis>
Backlund, 1948
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apparently retain- ed as a valid species by some authors, e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="2D044B7AFFADFF9C8547FE83FBF2FE85" author="Stop-Bowitz, C." pageId="9" pageNumber="64" pagination="169 - 280" refId="ref7184" refString="Stop-Bowitz, C. 1969. A contribution to our knowlege of the systematics and zoogeography of Norwegian earthworms. (Annelida, Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae). Nytt magasin for zoologi, Oslo 17: 169 - 280." type="journal article" year="1969">Stöp-Bowitz (1969: 260</bibRefCitation>
, Table V), again this reference mostly overlooked.
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<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C8083FDA0FEBEFDC6" bold="true" box="[159,270,514,538]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Remarks.</emphasis>
This is a highly variable and taxonomically intermixed complex comprising four (or more) sub-species with diagnoses overlapping those for
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<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C8252FDE1FD4CFD86" box="[590,764,579,602]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Bimastos parvus</emphasis>
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noted above. Its inclusion in the current list as a new record for Ulleung-do is purely on the basis of the barcode results for “
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<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C8134FD06FE4BFD67" box="[296,507,675,699]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Bimastos beddardi</emphasis>
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” in the Appendix and therefore it is not confirmed with any confidence. Further DNA data and taxonomic acuity may determine final outcome.
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<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C8324FE40FBA6FE26" bold="true" box="[824,1046,482,506]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Material examined.</emphasis>
INV0000261253,
<specimenCount id="5F93FD02FFADFF9C84C3FE40FA3AFE26" box="[1247,1418,482,506]" count="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="64" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
from Tongumi (plus two pheretimoids in same jar).
<emphasis id="7BE1EA99FFADFF9C8324FD80FC16FDE6" bold="true" box="[824,934,546,570]" pageId="9" pageNumber="64">Remarks.</emphasis>
A new record from Ulleung-do, this species is fully described based on its
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by the author in
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.
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