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<document id="A2446D3333D6FCC2B2717372F8D5945A" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.195303" ID-GBIF-Dataset="22939bf4-7e92-41a2-9724-c0f6f01625fe" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="195303" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460225676073" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Heads, Sam W." docDate="2010" docId="70263C103671FF838482FF06B7505C06" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02476p029.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2476" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Ripipteryx pasochoensis Heads, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="8C1F44683673FF808415FFDBB36D5B44" masterDocTitle="A new species of Ripipteryx from the Ecuadorian Andes (Orthoptera: Tridactyloidea: Ripipterygidae)" masterLastPageNumber="29" masterPageNumber="23" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1698238256230" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="1C25173E87E7357A6DB2C409B4BBE2E9" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0F219F051C1324EE97F90A0569014D67">
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<mods:title id="038E8BD97EB7C2D9027EC457960328AF">A new species of Ripipteryx from the Ecuadorian Andes (Orthoptera: Tridactyloidea: Ripipterygidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="13398ED89AE0EE797F4B2CC63A70115B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E53E70407D74347DD5CB77BC632EC8B2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="33917BD468D1823B23B48763C4DC8CC4">Heads, Sam W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9F594358E3CC2A3AD14E0FF268694E13">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="22E9A58B42120E38AF1DFCDB71FF6ECE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2F2A2C0D219402F6FC7EB13E19955B2E">
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<mods:date id="FA860942C2D4BF30DB42268E4017E112">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="63898DF55733B64E3ABA1625689917C2" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="B7EDEF0E11C04ED0C4D99A739DD785DB">2476</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="A2E7287CA831137D3389F78A5451AD4D">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B1B598E21E2B52D6CA84BBEB1264D072" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.195303</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B5465C76F0E61398DED63D91E0B1CD7B" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="70263C103671FF838482FF06B7505C06" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6196189" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119386238" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6196189" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:70263C103671FF838482FF06B7505C06" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/70263C103671FF838482FF06B7505C06" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
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<heading id="A3783A6A3671FF828482FF06B1105BB3" bold="true" box="[151,637,221,247]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="CAFB51143671FF828482FF06B1105BB3" bold="true" box="[151,637,221,247]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853671FF828482FF06B17F5BB3" ID-CoL="78X27" authority="Heads" authorityName="Heads" box="[151,530,221,247]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pasochoensis" status="sp. nov.">
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||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143671FF828482FF06B2D65BB3" bold="true" box="[151,443,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Ripipteryx pasochoensis</emphasis>
|
||||
Heads
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1C8EC6F3671FF82860AFF06B1105BB3" box="[543,637,221,247]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
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||||
</paragraph>
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||||
<paragraph id="F8308D063671FF828482FEDBB2695A5E" blockId="2.[151,637,221,282]" box="[151,260,256,282]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
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<figureCitation id="60B491833671FF828482FEDBB2695A5E" box="[151,260,256,282]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 3" captionStartId="2.[151,273,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[206,1392,555,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,526,1899]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 3. Ripipteryx pasochoensis Heads, sp. nov. 1, dorsal view of male terminalia; 2, lateral view of male terminalia; 3, dorsal view of phallic complex." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195304/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
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||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B095DE8D3671FF828482FE91B1585A92" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="F8308D063671FF828482FE91B1585A92" blockId="2.[151,1436,330,470]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="CAFB51143671FF828482FE91B2215A20" bold="true" box="[151,332,330,356]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
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<typeStatus id="273433A43671FF828482FE91B3BF5A20" box="[151,210,330,356]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Type</typeStatus>
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material:
|
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</emphasis>
|
||||
<typeStatus id="273433A43671FF828540FE91B2A85A20" box="[341,453,330,356]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
, ɗ,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098CD963671FF8285E4FE91B1E95A20" box="[497,644,330,356]" name="Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
|
||||
: Pichincha,
|
||||
<quantity id="3F7720E33671FF82871AFE91B0345A20" box="[783,857,330,356]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
|
||||
S Quito, Bosque Pasochoa
|
||||
<quantity id="3F7720E33671FF82808FFE91B7985A20" box="[1178,1269,330,356]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="4000.0">4000 m</quantity>
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,
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||||
<date id="8C31ABC63671FF828115FE91B6FA5A20" box="[1280,1431,330,356]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" value="1989-12-19">19 Dec 1989</date>
|
||||
, T. C. MacRae [
|
||||
<collectionCode id="9E9E15C33671FF82855CFEA9B2FD5AC8" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" box="[329,400,370,396]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" name="Illinois Natural History Survey" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">INHS</collectionCode>
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||||
# 504312].
|
||||
<typeStatus id="273433A43671FF828635FEA9B1F85AC8" box="[544,661,370,396]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
, 1 ɗ [
|
||||
<collectionCode id="9E9E15C33671FF8286CEFEA9B04F5AC8" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" box="[731,802,370,396]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" name="Illinois Natural History Survey" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">INHS</collectionCode>
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||||
# 504313] and 3 [
|
||||
<collectionCode id="9E9E15C33671FF828057FEA9B7E45AC8" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" box="[1090,1161,370,396]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" name="Illinois Natural History Survey" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">INHS</collectionCode>
|
||||
# 504314, # 504315, # 504316], same data as
|
||||
<typeStatus id="273433A43671FF8285A0FE4CB14B5AF5" box="[437,550,407,433]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
. The Pasochoa Forest Reserve (Refugio de Vida Silvestre Pasochoa) is located at
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="9DBBEBC13671FF82851AFE67B2E05A92" box="[271,397,444,470]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" precision="15" value="-0.4372222">0°26’14”S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||||
<geoCoordinate id="9DBBEBC13671FF82858FFE67B15C5A92" box="[410,561,444,470]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" precision="15" value="-78.48278">78°28’58”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="ACF0DD8E3671FF828482F85FB1105CFF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195304/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" targetBox="[206,1392,555,1875]" targetPageId="2">
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||||
<paragraph id="F8308D063671FF828482F85FB1105CFF" blockId="2.[151,1436,1924,1979]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143671FF828482F85FB2245CD8" bold="true" box="[151,329,1924,1948]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">FIGURES 1–3.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853671FF828544F85FB1DC5CDF" authority="Heads" authorityName="Heads" box="[337,689,1924,1947]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pasochoensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143671FF828544F85FB10C5CDF" box="[337,609,1924,1947]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Ripipteryx pasochoensis</emphasis>
|
||||
Heads
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1C8EC6F3671FF8286A8F85FB0795CDF" box="[701,788,1924,1947]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
1, dorsal view of male terminalia; 2, lateral view of male terminalia; 3, dorsal view of phallic complex.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B095DE8D3670FF8384D3FF4CB17A5A28" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F8308D063670FF8384D3FF4CB17A5A28" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1858]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143670FF8384D3FF4CB22B5BF5" bold="true" box="[198,326,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||||
The new species is distinguished from congeners by the male subgenital plate with two distinctive median processes: the proximal process forming a keel-like structure with two laterally directed spines; and the distal process forming a vertical, boss- or knob-like protuberance bearing numerous strong setae. The species is also characterised by its distinctive antennal maculation, bearing teardrop-shaped, offwhite dorsal maculae on the first and second flagellomeres and a broad off-white band around the apical twothirds of the fourth flagellomere.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B095DE8D3670FF8384D3FEACB2DD5F83" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F8308D063670FF8384D3FEACB74E59F8" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1858]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143670FF8384D3FEACB2335AD5" bold="true" box="[198,350,375,401]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Description.</emphasis>
|
||||
Large, dark-coloured
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853670FF838670FEA3B1B25AD5" box="[613,735,376,401]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143670FF838670FEA3B1B25AD5" box="[613,735,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Ripipteryx</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with total body length (including hind wings) of
|
||||
<quantity id="3F7720E33670FF838132FEA3B3A85AF3" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.655" metricValueMax="9.95" metricValueMin="9.36" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="9.655" valueMax="9.95" valueMin="9.36">9.36–9.95 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n = 5). Colouration almost entirely black with distinctive off-white maculae present only on antennae; first and second flagellomeres with dorsal, teardrop-shaped maculae; fourth flagellomere with prominent offwhite band encompassing apical two thirds. Head typical of the genus with fine, evenly distributed frontal setae. Compound eyes large; interocular distance
|
||||
<quantity id="3F7720E33670FF83871CFDD6B0AF5963" box="[777,962,525,551]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.45" metricValueMax="9.8" metricValueMin="9.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="0.945" valueMax="0.98" valueMin="0.91">0.91–0.98 mm</quantity>
|
||||
; indistinct subocellar carinae present, beginning beneath the lateral ocelli and converging on the median ocellus. Antennae submoniliform, tensegmented; scape approximately twice as large as pedicel; flagellomeres all of roughly equal size, unmodified, widening towards apex. Pronotum uniformly black, without lighter markings. Tegmina
|
||||
<quantity id="3F7720E33670FF838132FDA6B3A859F8" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.685" metricValueMax="3.79" metricValueMin="3.58" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="3.685" valueMax="3.79" valueMin="3.58">3.58–3.79 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long; hind wings
|
||||
<quantity id="3F7720E33670FF83858DFD79B12E59F8" box="[408,579,674,700]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.16" metricValueMax="7.7" metricValueMin="6.62" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="7.16" valueMax="7.7" valueMin="6.62">6.62–7.70 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long surpassing the end of the abdomen.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F8308D063670FF8384D3FD1CB7645F48" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1858]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
ɗ: Posterior margin of tenth abdominal tergum with lateral concavities into which the cerci fit. Epiproct broadly rounded apically (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="60B491833670FF8385CBFD36B14A5843" box="[478,551,749,775]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 3" captionStartId="2.[151,273,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[206,1392,555,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,526,1899]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 3. Ripipteryx pasochoensis Heads, sp. nov. 1, dorsal view of male terminalia; 2, lateral view of male terminalia; 3, dorsal view of phallic complex." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195304/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
), with promiment and slightly reticulated lateral lobes. Cerci fusiform, bearing numerous fine setae. Paraproctal hooks gently curved distally, lying either side of the epiproct. Paraproctal lobes (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="60B491833670FF838567FCE3B28F5816" box="[370,482,824,850]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 3" captionStartId="2.[151,273,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[206,1392,555,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,526,1899]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 3. Ripipteryx pasochoensis Heads, sp. nov. 1, dorsal view of male terminalia; 2, lateral view of male terminalia; 3, dorsal view of phallic complex." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195304/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Figs. 1, 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
) robust, distinctly clavate, about twice as long as cerci, with distal patch of short setae; apex upturned, almost spoon-shaped. Subgenital plate with two prominent processes sitting along a pronounced median keel (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="60B491833670FF8385D8FC59B12F58D8" box="[461,578,898,924]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 3" captionStartId="2.[151,273,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[206,1392,555,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,526,1899]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 3. Ripipteryx pasochoensis Heads, sp. nov. 1, dorsal view of male terminalia; 2, lateral view of male terminalia; 3, dorsal view of phallic complex." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195304/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Figs. 1, 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
); the proximal process forming a keel-like projection with two laterally directed spines; and the distal process forming a vertical, boss-like protubernace bearing numerous strong setae. Phallic complex (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="60B491833670FF8385A6FC16B29758A3" box="[435,506,973,999]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 3" captionStartId="2.[151,273,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[206,1392,555,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,526,1899]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 3. Ripipteryx pasochoensis Heads, sp. nov. 1, dorsal view of male terminalia; 2, lateral view of male terminalia; 3, dorsal view of phallic complex." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195304/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
) with a broadly spatulate basal plate and long, thread-like virga; apodemes of the cingulum elongate and strongly sclerotized; ventral valve membranous.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F8308D063670FF8384D3FBCCB2DD5F83" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1858]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
Ψ: Terminalia rather typical of the genus. Epiproct shorter than that of the male. Distal segment of the paraproct ovoid, somewhat elongate, with a fringe of long setae around the margins. Ovipositor of the typical ripipterygid
|
||||
<typeStatus id="273433A43670FF83853FFBB9B20D5F38" box="[298,352,1122,1148]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
; dorsal valvulae marginally longer than the ventral valvulae, with small serrations apically; ventral valves bilobed, strongly curved apically. Subgenital plate bearing numerous short setae but lacking any surface sculpturing.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B095DE8D3670FF8384D3FB09B0185E56" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F8308D063670FF8384D3FB09B0185E56" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1858]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143670FF8384D3FB09B23E5FA8" bold="true" box="[198,339,1234,1260]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||||
The specific epithet is a reference to the Pasochoa forest, a nature reserve on the flanks of the extinct Pasochoa volcano and the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="273433A43670FF838630FB23B13A5E56" box="[549,599,1272,1298]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality for this species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B095DE8D3670FF8384D3FAC6B7505C06" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F8308D063670FF8384D3FAC6B7505C06" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1858]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143670FF8384D3FAC6B2385E73" bold="true" box="[198,341,1309,1335]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||||
The uniformly dark colouration of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853670FF8386E9FAC6B0D75E72" box="[764,954,1309,1334]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pasochoensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143670FF8386E9FAC6B0D75E72" box="[764,954,1309,1334]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">R. pasochoensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and the structure of the phallic complex (see
|
||||
<figureCitation id="60B491833670FF8384C5FA99B27A5E18" box="[208,279,1346,1372]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 3" captionStartId="2.[151,273,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[206,1392,555,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,526,1899]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 3. Ripipteryx pasochoensis Heads, sp. nov. 1, dorsal view of male terminalia; 2, lateral view of male terminalia; 3, dorsal view of phallic complex." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195304/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
) indicate its placement in the group comprising
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853670FF838771FA98B7AB5E18" authority="Saussure, 1896" authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1896" box="[868,1222,1346,1372]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carbonaria">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143670FF838771FA98B7685E18" box="[868,1029,1347,1372]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">R.carbonaria</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C1EF0F73670FF838019FA99B7AB5E18" author="Saussure" box="[1036,1222,1346,1372]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" refString="Saussure, H. de (1896) Orthoptera. Fam. Gryllidae. Biologia Centrali-Americana, 1, 201 - 216." type="journal article" year="1896">Saussure, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853670FF8380C6FA98B2205EC6" authority="Gunther, 1962" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1962" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ecuadoriensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143670FF8380C6FA98B6F05E18" box="[1235,1437,1347,1372]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">R. ecuadoriensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C1EF0F73670FF838482FAB3B2205EC6" author="Gunther" box="[151,333,1384,1410]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" refString="Gunther, K. K. (1962) Eine neue Rhipipteryx - Art aus Ecuador (Orthoptera, Tridactylidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 9, 251 - 255." type="journal article" year="1962">Günther, 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853670FF83854EFAB3B1C95EC6" authority="Saussure, 1896" authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1896" box="[347,676,1384,1410]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="forceps">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143670FF83854EFAB3B2B75EC5" box="[347,474,1384,1409]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">R. forceps</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C1EF0F73670FF8385F6FAB3B1C95EC6" author="Saussure" box="[483,676,1384,1410]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" refString="Saussure, H. de (1896) Orthoptera. Fam. Gryllidae. Biologia Centrali-Americana, 1, 201 - 216." type="journal article" year="1896">Saussure, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853670FF8386A4FAB3B0A25EC6" authority="Gunther, 1963" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1963" box="[689,975,1384,1410]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143670FF8386A4FAB3B07D5EC5" box="[689,784,1384,1409]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">R.nigra</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C1EF0F73670FF83870CFAB3B0A25EC6" author="Gunther" box="[793,975,1384,1410]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" refString="Gunther, K. K. (1963) Uber eine Tridactyliden-Ausbeute aus Kolumbien (Saltatoria, Insecta). Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 39, 187 - 201." type="journal article" year="1963">Günther, 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853670FF8387C8FAB3B62E5EC6" authority="Gunther, 1969" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1969" box="[989,1347,1384,1410]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="processata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143670FF8387C8FAB3B7EA5EC5" box="[989,1159,1384,1409]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">R. processata</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C1EF0F73670FF838085FAB3B62E5EC6" author="Gunther" box="[1168,1347,1384,1410]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" refString="Gunther, K. K. (1969) Revision der familie Rhipipterygidae Chopard, 1949 (Saltatoria, Insecta). Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 45, 259 - 425." type="journal article" year="1969">Günther, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853670FF838197FAB3B2905EE3" authority="Gunther, 1989" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1989" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paraprocessata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143670FF838197FAB3B2215EE2" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">R. paraprocessata</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C1EF0F73670FF838541FA56B2905EE3" author="Gunther" box="[340,509,1421,1447]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" refString="Gunther, K. K. (1989) Neue und wenig bekannte Tridactyloidea aus Mittel- un Sudamerika (Orthoptera, Caelifera). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 36, 347 - 379." type="journal article" year="1989">Günther, 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(hereafter referred to as the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853670FF838759FA56B0C45EE3" box="[844,937,1421,1447]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="forceps">Forceps</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Group). Species of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853670FF8380D4FA56B6735EE3" box="[1217,1310,1421,1447]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="forceps">Forceps</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Group are generally larger than most other
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853670FF838639FA68B1C15E88" box="[556,684,1459,1484]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143670FF838639FA68B1C15E88" box="[556,684,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Ripipteryx</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species and are consistently darker coloured, lacking almost entirely any white or off-white patches. Other characters supporting the monophyly of this group are the modification of the subgenital plate with various processes and protuberances, the phallus with a broad, spatulate basal plate, elongate cingular apodemes and a slender, thread-like virga.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853670FF838062F9F8B6F15D78" box="[1143,1436,1571,1596]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pasochoensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143670FF838062F9F8B6F15D78" box="[1143,1436,1571,1596]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Ripipteryx pasochoensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
appears most closely related to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853670FF83861BF993B1C25D25" box="[526,687,1608,1633]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="processata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143670FF83861BF993B1C25D25" box="[526,687,1608,1633]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">R. processata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
based on the structure of the subgenital plate. The pronounced keel-like process of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853670FF838598F9B6B15C5DC2" box="[397,561,1645,1670]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="processata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143670FF838598F9B6B15C5DC2" box="[397,561,1645,1670]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">R. processata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is clearly bilobed in a similar fashion to that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853670FF838068F9B6B62D5DC2" box="[1149,1344,1645,1670]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pasochoensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143670FF838068F9B6B62D5DC2" box="[1149,1344,1645,1670]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">R. pasochoensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
but the lobes of the former are less well-defined. In
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853670FF83868EF948B03A5DE8" box="[667,855,1683,1708]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pasochoensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143670FF83868EF948B03A5DE8" box="[667,855,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">R. pasochoensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, these lobes are present as distinct processes with the proximal bearing two strong, laterally projecting spines and the distal developed into a setose boss- or knob-like protuberance. The median keels of other
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853670FF8386E4F906B0235DB3" box="[753,846,1757,1783]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="forceps">Forceps</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Group species are never longitudinally bilobed as in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853670FF8384A1F8D8B23F5C58" box="[180,338,1795,1820]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="processata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143670FF8384A1F8D8B23F5C58" box="[180,338,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">R. processata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853670FF83859FF8D8B12B5C58" box="[394,582,1795,1820]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pasochoensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143670FF83859FF8D8B12B5C58" box="[394,582,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">R. pasochoensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, nor are they as strongly produced, though
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853670FF83802BF8D8B66C5C58" box="[1086,1281,1795,1820]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ecuadoriensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143670FF83802BF8D8B66C5C58" box="[1086,1281,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">R. ecuadoriensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
does possess a large, clavate posterior process which is apically trilobed (see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C1EF0F73670FF838796F8F3B75D5C06" author="Gunther" box="[899,1072,1832,1858]" pageId="3" pageNumber="28" refString="Gunther, K. K. (1969) Revision der familie Rhipipterygidae Chopard, 1949 (Saltatoria, Insecta). Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 45, 259 - 425." type="journal article" year="1969">Günther, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
140
data/70/26/3C/70263C103672FF818482FF4CB19658C0.xml
Normal file
140
data/70/26/3C/70263C103672FF818482FF4CB19658C0.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
|
|||
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<mods:titleInfo id="3378E0F5D5EA3284E6228598AAB11365">
|
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<mods:title id="FF5841A8BD679C8465A6095481A87A25">A new species of Ripipteryx from the Ecuadorian Andes (Orthoptera: Tridactyloidea: Ripipterygidae)</mods:title>
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|
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|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="8310B1B9273002BB32CB4D7288B2E993">Heads, Sam W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D1288227458BCB6D2BB68655D630EEBA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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|
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<mods:part id="D615EE44828185EFC1C4DD0B669B5A53">
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||||
<mods:date id="8AE4D3CE72B706293D3D82111379A01F">2010</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="E3DE536E8A76C94EC107C6BFF448FE1B" type="volume">
|
||||
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|
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|
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|
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|
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||||
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|
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<treatment id="70263C103672FF818482FF4CB19658C0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6196187" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119386236" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6196187" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:70263C103672FF818482FF4CB19658C0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/70263C103672FF818482FF4CB19658C0" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
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<subSubSection id="B095DE8D3672FF818482FF4CB1475BF5" box="[151,554,151,177]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="F8308D063672FF818482FF4CB1475BF5" blockId="1.[151,554,151,177]" box="[151,554,151,177]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
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<heading id="A3783A6A3672FF818482FF4CB1475BF5" bold="true" box="[151,554,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" reason="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143672FF818482FF4CB1475BF5" bold="true" box="[151,554,151,177]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
Genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853672FF8184FBFF4CB1475BF5" ID-CoL="8NYR9" authority="Newman, 1834" authorityName="Newman" authorityYear="1834" box="[238,554,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143672FF8184FBFF4CB2065BF5" bold="true" box="[238,363,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Ripipteryx</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C1EF0F73672FF818566FF4CB1475BF5" author="Newman" box="[371,554,151,177]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" refString="Newman, E. (1834) Entomological Notes. The Entomological Magazine, 2, 200 - 205." type="journal article" year="1834">Newman, 1834</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B095DE8D3672FF818482FF3BB77F5A13" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F8308D063672FF818482FF3BB1965A52" blockId="1.[151,1054,224,343]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="D89FAA283672FF818482FF3BB1965A52" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853672FF818482FF3BB2855BB3" ID-CoL="8NYR9" authority="Newman, 1834: 204" authorityName="Newman" authorityPageNumber="204" authorityYear="1834" box="[151,488,224,247]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143672FF818482FF3BB26B5BB3" box="[151,262,224,247]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Ripipteryx</emphasis>
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="792EAB173672FF818519FF3BB2855BB3" author="Newman" box="[268,488,224,247]" page="204" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" year="1834">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C1EF0F73672FF818519FF3BB2DE5BB3" author="Newman" box="[268,435,224,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" refString="Newman, E. (1834) Entomological Notes. The Entomological Magazine, 2, 200 - 205." type="journal article" year="1834">Newman, 1834</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 204
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<typeStatus id="273433A43672FF8185E7FF3BB14A5BB3" box="[498,551,224,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
species:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853672FF81869CFF3BB7775BB3" ID-CoL="4T4XJ" authority="Newman, 1834" authorityName="Newman" authorityYear="1834" box="[649,1050,224,247]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143672FF81869CFF3BB0005BB3" box="[649,877,224,247]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Ripipteryx marginata</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C1EF0F73672FF818761FF3BB7775BB3" author="Newman" box="[884,1050,224,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" refString="Newman, E. (1834) Entomological Notes. The Entomological Magazine, 2, 200 - 205." type="journal article" year="1834">Newman, 1834</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853672FF818482FEDBB12A5A53" authority="Audinet-Serville, 1838: 316" authorityName="Audinet-Serville" authorityPageNumber="316" authorityYear="1838" box="[151,583,256,279]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Rhipipteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143672FF818482FEDBB27E5A53" box="[151,275,256,279]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Rhipipteryx</emphasis>
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="792EAB173672FF81850FFEDBB12A5A53" author="Audinet-Serville" box="[282,583,256,279]" page="316" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" year="1838">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C1EF0F73672FF81850FFEDBB17F5A53" author="Audinet-Serville" box="[282,530,256,279]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" refString="Audinet-Serville, J. G. (1838) Histoire Naturelle des Insectes Orthopteres. Suites a Buffon, Librarie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, xviii + 776 pp." type="book" year="1838">Audinet-Serville, 1838</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 316
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. LAPSUS CALAMI
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F8308D063672FF818482FEFBB1D55A72" blockId="1.[151,1054,224,343]" box="[151,696,288,311]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="D89FAA283672FF818482FEFBB1D55A72" box="[151,696,288,311]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
|
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<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853672FF818482FEFBB1695A73" ID-CoL="8PVCW" authority="Giglio-Tos, 1898: 105" authorityName="Giglio-Tos" authorityPageNumber="105" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,516,288,311]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Rhipipterix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143672FF818482FEFBB2625A73" box="[151,271,288,311]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Rhipipterix</emphasis>
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="792EAB173672FF818500FEFBB1695A73" author="Giglio-Tos" box="[277,516,288,311]" page="105" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" year="1898">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C1EF0F73672FF818500FEFBB2A25A73" author="Giglio-Tos" box="[277,463,288,311]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" refString="Giglio-Tos, E. (1898) Viaggio del Dr. Enrico Festa nella Republica dell'Ecuador et regioni vicine. VI. Ortotteri. Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata della R. Universita di Torino, 13, 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="1898">Giglio-Tos, 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 105
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. LAPSUS CALAMI
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F8308D063672FF818482FE9BB77F5A13" blockId="1.[151,1054,224,343]" box="[151,1042,320,343]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="D89FAA283672FF818482FE9BB77F5A13" box="[151,1042,320,343]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853672FF818482FE9BB16E5A13" ID-CoL="8PPNB" authority="Campos, 1923: 41" authorityName="Campos" authorityPageNumber="41" authorityYear="1923" box="[151,515,320,343]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Gryrhipipteryx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143672FF818482FE9BB25B5A13" box="[151,310,320,343]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Gryrhipipteryx</emphasis>
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="792EAB173672FF818528FE9BB16E5A13" author="Campos" box="[317,515,320,343]" page="41" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" year="1923">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C1EF0F73672FF818528FE9BB2B65A13" author="Campos" box="[317,475,320,343]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" refString="Campos, R. F. (1923) Estudios sobre la fauna entomologica del Ecuador. IX, Ortopteros. Revista del Colegio Nacional Vicente Rocafuerte, Guayaquil, 5, 3 - 43." type="journal article" year="1923">Campos, 1923</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 41
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. NOMEN SUPERFLUUM [unnecessary replacement]
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B095DE8D3672FF818482FE5EB7E9591E" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F8308D063672FF818482FE5EB7E9591E" blockId="1.[151,1437,389,900]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143672FF818482FE5EB2715ADB" bold="true" box="[151,284,389,415]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853672FF818531FE5EB2BB5ADB" box="[292,470,389,415]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ripipterygidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with body length (including wings) greater than
|
||||
<quantity id="3F7720E33672FF818033FE5EB7EB5ADB" box="[1062,1158,389,415]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
; interocular distance at least half the width of compound eye; antennae with 9 or 10 segments, usually filiform, occasionally moniliform and sometimes modified considerably in males (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853672FF818772FE0BB0915AAE" box="[871,1020,464,490]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassicornis">Crassicornis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Group); metatarsus approximately equal in length to the metatibial spurs; paraproctal lobes conspicuously formed and often modified; lateral valvulae of phallus well-sclerotised; colouration generally black or very dark brown, most often with starkly contrasting white, yellow and occasionally red markings forming distinctive maculae.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B095DE8D3672FF8184D3FDBEB19658C0" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F8308D063672FF8184D3FDBEB19658C0" blockId="1.[151,1437,389,900]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143672FF8184D3FDBEB23A593B" bold="true" box="[198,343,613,639]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Comments:</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C1EF0F73672FF818573FDBEB14E593B" author="Gunther" box="[358,547,613,639]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" refString="Gunther, K. K. (1969) Revision der familie Rhipipterygidae Chopard, 1949 (Saltatoria, Insecta). Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 45, 259 - 425." type="journal article" year="1969">Günther (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
recognised five distinct groups within
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853672FF81800BFDBEB7F5593A" box="[1054,1176,613,638]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB51143672FF81800BFDBEB7F5593A" box="[1054,1176,613,638]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="24">Ripipteryx</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
that he regarded as monophyletic species groups: the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853672FF818625FD51B1A959E0" box="[560,708,650,676]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassicornis">Crassicornis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Group, the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853672FF818740FD51B0B859E0" box="[853,981,650,676]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scrofulosa">Scrofulosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Group, the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853672FF818073FD51B67959E0" box="[1126,1300,650,676]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginipennis">Marginipennis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Group, the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853672FF818482FD6BB399598E" box="[151,244,688,714]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="forceps">Forceps</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Group and the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853672FF8185BDFD6BB167598E" box="[424,522,688,714]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limbata">Limbata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
–
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853672FF81860CFD6BB1FC598E" box="[537,657,688,714]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" genus="Ripipteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginata">Marginata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Group. These groups are defined largely by the morphology of the male terminalia and phallic complex (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C1EF0F73672FF818644FD0EB05559AB" author="Gunther" box="[593,824,725,751]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" refString="Gunther, K. K. (1969) Revision der familie Rhipipterygidae Chopard, 1949 (Saltatoria, Insecta). Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 45, 259 - 425." type="journal article" year="1969">Günther, 1969: 421</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and can be differentiated using the preliminary key below. The monophyly of Günther’s species groups and their phylogenetic relationships have yet to be tested cladistically and the subgeneric classification presented in the Appendix is entirely preliminary. Current phylogenetic work on the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8FF6853672FF8185DAFC9EB112581B" box="[463,639,837,863]" class="Insecta" family="Ripipterygidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ripipterygidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
will focus on resolving the internal relationships of the family and will be presented in a future paper (Heads, in prep.).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
68
data/70/26/44/702644B94265B4CD3789E6CB17D34D24.xml
Normal file
68
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|
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@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
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<mods:namePart id="504E787C06361B286169B02C850590F3">Broad, Gavin R.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="9B04B13E3017EBA9AD56CCD70C0F3302" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="CC7E04D9F865C15CF93ECA9BA2AD6519" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
|
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<taxonomicName id="C13CB38B1D639D94AA8D326FA488F41C" ID-CoL="6MGM" ID-ENA="274315" authority="Wesmael, 1845" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1845" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Phaeogenes" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phaeogenes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Phaeogenes Wesmael, 1845</taxonomicName>
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|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="7F14604A8013D3727584752782809F2D" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" type="notes">
|
||||
<paragraph id="93963A9ED96584EADD125E1461671042" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">Notes</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7E034BFB333EC3A0815502663C6F115E" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
|
||||
Many species previously placed in the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="15325E69CB866F2F3288E3FC8A3F7DD9" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Phaeogenes" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phaeogenes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Phaeogenes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A10439718305A5A8FE71F90083AEAB3E" author="Perkins, J. F." journalOrPublisher="Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" pagination="1 - 116" title="Hymenoptera. Ichneumonoidea. Ichneumonidae, key to subfamilies and Ichneumoninae - 1" volume="7" year="1959">Perkins 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="64AEB339ED26470D6ACEE058C4DE2F5D" author="Fitton, M. G." editor="Fitton, M. G." journalOrPublisher="Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects 11, ix + 159 pp." pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" title="Kloet and Hincks. A check list of British insects. Part 4: Hymenoptera" year="1978">Fitton 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) are now classified in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B65E494E9714F8BD0E68990C4B83E167" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Dirophanes" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dirophanes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dirophanes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3977ECB4756EF72B09F9CCFE26DD687F" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Tycherus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tycherus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tycherus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D7DE0A335BE5FEE33347A7A87C011306" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
|
||||
doubtfully placed species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="77744D50984D0D7BB70EDEF164562338" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Phaeogenes" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phaeogenes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Phaeogenes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F015D7908EC150A911417DC3C09E55C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
|
||||
[picipes (Stephens, 1835,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CD3C1C8FF95A4257E7EFDB45A46621E4" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ichneumon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ichneumon</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) nom. dub., from England]
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
705
data/70/26/56/7026561B3903084978DCFE4BFA7EFA7F.xml
Normal file
705
data/70/26/56/7026561B3903084978DCFE4BFA7EFA7F.xml
Normal file
|
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<mods:title id="029951BE0ED966DF4953ACF45127D644">A palearctic bark beetle, Crypturgus hispidulus Thomson (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), new to North America discovered in New England, U. S. A.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1BE21C6ABABB2FA2CF5BD18205443E0E">Digirolomo, Marc F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BF5539BE3934198D951361347135C20F">Hubbard Center for Genome Studies, University of New Hampshire, 35 Colovos Rd, Gregg Hall, Durham, NH 03824, U. S. A. Joseph. Sevigny @ unh. edu https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0024 - 3718</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E3903084F78DCFE4BFD88FDF6" ID-CoL="323NS" ID-ENA="261030" authority="Thomson, 1870" authorityName="Thomson" authorityYear="1870" box="[151,619,510,537]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Crypturgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispidulus">
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<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3903084F78DCFE4BFE46FDF7" bold="true" box="[151,421,510,537]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">Crypturgus hispidulus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9C1E9AFC3903084F79E7FE4BFD88FDF6" author="Thomson, C. G." box="[428,619,510,537]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" pagination="338 - 339" refId="ref4112" refString="Thomson, C. G. (1870) Crypturgus hispidulus n. sp. Opuscula Entomologica 3, 338 - 339." type="journal article" year="1870">Thomson, 1870</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="F830E70D3903084F78DCFD97FEA6FDD3" blockId="2.[151,619,510,573]" box="[151,325,547,573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">
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<figureCitation id="60B4FB883903084F78DCFD97FEF4FDD3" box="[151,279,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1942,1966]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,916,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-177@2.[151,1435,910,1918]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dorsal habitus of Crypturgus spp. A Crypturgus hispidulus B Crypturgus pusillus. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8243560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8243560/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">Figures 2A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="60B4FB883903084F7969FD97FEA6FDD3" box="[290,325,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1238,1262]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-21@3.[340,1247,181,1214]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Elytral disc of Crypturgus spp. A Crypturgus hispidulus B Crypturgus pusillus. Arrows indicate width of striae and interstriae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8243562" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8243562/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">3A</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F830E70D3903084F78DCFDDCFDBBFD91" blockId="2.[151,600,615,670]" box="[151,600,615,639]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="D89FC0233903084F78DCFDDCFDBBFD91" box="[151,600,615,639]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">
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<treatmentCitation id="792EC11C3903084F78DCFDDCFDB0FD91" author="Thomson, C. G." box="[151,595,615,639]" page="338" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" year="1870">
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<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E3903084F78DCFDDCFDB0FD91" ID-CoL="323NS" authority="Thomson, 1870: 338" authorityName="Thomson" authorityPageNumber="338" authorityYear="1870" box="[151,595,615,639]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Crypturgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispidulus">
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<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3903084F78DCFDDCFE9BFD91" box="[151,376,615,639]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">Crypturgus hispidulus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9C1E9AFC3903084F7935FDD3FDB0FD91" author="Thomson, C. G." box="[382,595,615,639]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" pagination="338 - 339" refId="ref4112" refString="Thomson, C. G. (1870) Crypturgus hispidulus n. sp. Opuscula Entomologica 3, 338 - 339." type="journal article" year="1870">Thomson, 1870: 338</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F830E70D3903084F78DCFD32FDFDFD70" blockId="2.[151,600,615,670]" box="[151,542,646,670]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="D89FC0233903084F78DCFD32FDFDFD70" box="[151,542,646,670]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">
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<treatmentCitation id="792EC11C3903084F78DCFD32FDF9FD70" author="Roubal, J." box="[151,538,646,670]" page="203" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" year="1910">
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<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E3903084F78DCFD32FDF9FD70" ID-CoL="6BN4G" authority="Roubal, 1910: 203" authorityName="Roubal" authorityPageNumber="203" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,538,646,670]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Crypturgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maulei">
|
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<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3903084F78DCFD32FEB6FD70" box="[151,341,646,670]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">Crypturgus maulei</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9C1E9AFC3903084F7910FD32FDF9FD70" author="Roubal, J." box="[347,538,646,670]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" pagination="195 - 204" refId="ref3920" refString="Roubal, J. (1910) Kъ фauнѣ ziсtkokрылыkъ Лitvы (Contributions to the coleoptera fauna of Lithuania). Рuссkoi Eнtoмoлogiciсkoi oboZрiнii. Revue Russe d'Entomologie, 10, 195 - 204." type="journal article" year="1910">Roubal, 1910: 203</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="B095B4863903084E78DCFD78FE55F909" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="432" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="F830E70D3903084F78DCFD78FBCDFC99" blockId="2.[151,1436,716,887]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">
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<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3903084F78DCFD78FEF7FD08" bold="true" box="[151,276,716,742]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E3903084F7957FD78FDF4FD08" box="[284,535,716,742]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Crypturgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispidulus">
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<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3903084F7957FD78FDF4FD08" box="[284,535,716,742]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">Crypturgus hispidulus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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may be distinguished from other members of the genus by the combination of a subreticulate pronotum, long erect interstrial setae on the disc and sides of the elytra (which may be absent in particularly worn specimens), width of strial punctures and interstriae approximately equal, and females lacking a spongy patch on the elytral declivity. It is very similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E3903084F7B70FC8CFC57FCBC" baseAuthorityName="Gyllenhal" baseAuthorityYear="1813" box="[827,948,824,850]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Crypturgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3903084F7B70FC8CFC57FCBC" box="[827,948,824,850]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">C. pusillus</emphasis>
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||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="60B4FB883903084F7B8EFC8CFBFDFCBC" box="[965,1054,824,850]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1942,1966]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,916,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-177@2.[151,1435,910,1918]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dorsal habitus of Crypturgus spp. A Crypturgus hispidulus B Crypturgus pusillus. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8243560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8243560/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="60B4FB883903084F7C60FC8CFBADFCBC" box="[1067,1102,824,850]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1238,1262]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-21@3.[340,1247,181,1214]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Elytral disc of Crypturgus spp. A Crypturgus hispidulus B Crypturgus pusillus. Arrows indicate width of striae and interstriae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8243562" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8243562/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">3B</figureCitation>
|
||||
), which has a slightly shinier pronotum, nearly glabrous elytral disc, and smaller strial and interstrial punctures.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="ACF0B7853903084F78DCF822FAC2F840" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8243560" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8243560" box="[151,1313,1942,1967]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8243560/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" startId="2.[151,250,1942,1966]" targetBox="[159,1427,916,1910]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="F830E70D3903084F78DCF822FAC2F840" blockId="2.[151,1313,1942,1967]" box="[151,1313,1942,1967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">
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<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3903084F78DCF822FEF0F840" bold="true" box="[151,275,1942,1966]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||||
Dorsal habitus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E3903084F7985F823FD6BF840" box="[462,648,1942,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Crypturgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3903084F7985F823FDA3F840" box="[462,576,1943,1966]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">Crypturgus</emphasis>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3903084F7A3CF822FD6BF840" bold="true" box="[631,648,1942,1966]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">A</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E3903084F7AC5F823FC8CF840" box="[654,879,1942,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Crypturgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispidulus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3903084F7AC5F823FC8CF840" box="[654,879,1942,1966]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">Crypturgus hispidulus</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3903084F7B3EF823FC65F841" bold="true" box="[885,902,1943,1967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E3903084F7BC6F823FBB7F840" baseAuthorityName="Gyllenhal" baseAuthorityYear="1813" box="[909,1108,1942,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Crypturgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3903084F7BC6F823FBB7F840" box="[909,1108,1942,1966]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">Crypturgus pusillus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="ACF0B7853902084E78DCFB62FEE7FAFD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8243562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8243562" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8243562/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" startId="3.[151,250,1238,1262]" targetBox="[340,1247,181,1214]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="F830E70D3902084E78DCFB62FEE7FAFD" blockId="3.[151,1437,1238,1299]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">
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<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3902084E78DCFB62FEF1FB00" bold="true" box="[151,274,1238,1262]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||||
Elytral disc of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E3902084E79E7FB63FD86FB00" box="[428,613,1238,1262]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Crypturgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
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<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3902084E79E7FB63FDFDFB00" box="[428,542,1239,1262]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Crypturgus</emphasis>
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spp.
|
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<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3902084E7A18FB62FD86FB00" bold="true" box="[595,613,1238,1262]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">A</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E3902084E7A20FB63FCA8FB01" box="[619,843,1239,1263]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Crypturgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispidulus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3902084E7A20FB63FCA8FB01" box="[619,843,1239,1263]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Crypturgus hispidulus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3902084E7B1AFB63FC81FB01" bold="true" box="[849,866,1239,1263]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E3902084E7B23FB63FBCCFB01" baseAuthorityName="Gyllenhal" baseAuthorityYear="1813" box="[872,1071,1239,1263]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Crypturgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3902084E7B23FB63FBCCFB01" box="[872,1071,1239,1263]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Crypturgus pusillus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Arrows indicate width of striae and interstriae.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F830E70D3902084E788CFAF5FE55F909" blockId="3.[151,1437,1345,2020]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3902084E788CFAF5FE87FAB5" bold="true" box="[199,356,1345,1371]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Morphology:</emphasis>
|
||||
Length
|
||||
<quantity id="3F774AE83902084E79F5FAF5FDA6FAB5" box="[446,581,1345,1371]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" unit="mm" value="1.2" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="1.1">1.1–1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, 2.7 times as long as wide; color dark brown. Frons convex; surface reticulate, punctures fine; vestiture sparse, inconspicuous. Pronotum 1.1 times as long as wide; widest slightly behind middle, sides moderately arcuate, converging equally anteriorly and posteriorly, anterior margin slightly more narrowly rounded than posterior margin; surface of disc subreticulate and shining, becoming more reticulate toward margins; punctures moderately coarse, deep, separated by 1–2x their diameter; vestiture hairlike setae originating from punctures, evenly distributed. Elytra 1.8 times as long as wide, 1.8 times as long as pronotum; sides varying from straight and parallel on more than basal two-thirds to slightly arcuate and wider on apical two-thirds, evenly rounded behind; striae not impressed, punctures subequal in width to interstriae, deep; interstriae shining, interstrial punctures conspicuous, diameter about 0.5x as wide as strial punctures. Declivity convex, moderately steep; strial punctures on declivity smaller than on elytral disc. Elytral vestiture consisting of conspicuous, erect, uniseriate interstrial setae about as long as interstrial width, and finer strial setae subequal in length to interstrial setae but more recumbent. Females similar to males.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B095B48639020849788CF945FE7BFCFB" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="433" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F830E70D3902084E788CF945FC18F899" blockId="3.[151,1437,1345,2020]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3902084E788CF945FE80F8E5" bold="true" box="[199,355,1777,1803]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||||
Transpalearctic –
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3902084E7A73F945FD95F8E5" bold="true" box="[568,630,1777,1803]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Asia:</emphasis>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E7ACBF945FD25F8E5" box="[640,710,1777,1803]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">China</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E7A98F945FCF0F8E5" box="[723,787,1777,1803]" name="Japan" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(Iturup, Kuril Islands, ownership disputed with
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E7D0AF945FA73F8E5" box="[1345,1424,1777,1803]" name="Russia" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E78DCF8A1FEC4F8C1" box="[151,295,1813,1839]" name="North Korea" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">North Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E7978F8A1FE62F8C1" box="[307,385,1813,1839]" name="Russia" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E79C7F8A1FE03F8C1" box="[396,480,1813,1839]" name="Turkey" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3902084E79A7F8A1FDAEF8C1" bold="true" box="[492,589,1813,1839]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Europe:</emphasis>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E7A18F8A1FD4BF8C1" box="[595,680,1813,1839]" name="Austria" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Austria</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E7AFEF8A1FCEEF8C1" box="[693,781,1813,1839]" name="Belarus" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Belarus</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E7B52F8A1FC9FF8C1" box="[793,892,1813,1839]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E7BC3F8A1FC06F8C1" box="[904,997,1813,1839]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Czechia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E7BBAF8A1FBBFF8C1" box="[1009,1116,1813,1839]" name="Denmark" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Denmark</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E7C23F8A1FB5CF8C1" box="[1128,1215,1813,1839]" name="Estonia" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Estonia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E7C80F8A1FAC0F8C1" box="[1227,1315,1813,1839]" name="Finland" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Finland</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E7D64F8A1FA7BF8C1" box="[1327,1432,1813,1839]" name="Germany" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E78DCF88DFF19F8BD" box="[151,250,1849,1875]" name="Hungary" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Hungary</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E794DF88DFED9F8BD" box="[262,314,1849,1875]" name="Italy" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E790DF88DFE73F8BD" box="[326,400,1849,1875]" name="Latvia" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Latvia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E79D7F88DFDE9F8BD" box="[412,522,1849,1875]" name="Lithuania" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Lithuania</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E7A5DF88DFD43F8BD" box="[534,672,1849,1875]" name="Netherlands" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Netherlands</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E7AE0F88DFCE5F8BD" box="[683,774,1849,1875]" name="Norway" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E7B59F88DFC80F8BD" box="[786,867,1849,1875]" name="Poland" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Poland</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E7B25F88DFC5FF8BD" box="[878,956,1849,1875]" name="Russia" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E7B8CF88DFBCFF8BD" box="[967,1068,1849,1875]" name="Slovakia" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Slovakia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E7C73F88DFB7EF8BD" box="[1080,1181,1849,1875]" name="Slovenia" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Slovenia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E7CE3F88DFAE0F8BD" box="[1192,1283,1849,1875]" name="Sweden" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Sweden</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E7D44F88DFA7BF8BD" box="[1295,1432,1849,1875]" name="Switzerland" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E78DCF8E9FF12F899" box="[151,241,1885,1911]" name="Ukraine" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(Bright 2021; Jurc 2003;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C1E9AFC3902084E7A58F8E9FD17F899" author="Krivolutskaya, G. O." box="[531,756,1885,1911]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" refId="ref3615" refString="Krivolutskaya, G. O. (1973) Entomofauna of the Kuril Islands: principal features and origin. Leningrad Division, Izdatel'stvo Nauka, 315 pp. [https: // www. burkemuseum. org / static / okhotskia / ikip / Results / publications / entobook / title. htm]" type="book" year="1973">Krivolutskaya 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C1E9AFC3902084E7AB4F8E9FC0CF899" author="Kumbasli, M. & Hizal, E. & Acer, S. & Arslangundogdu, Z. & Aday Kaya, A. G." box="[767,1007,1885,1911]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" pagination="4585 - 4591" refId="ref3670" refString="Kumbasli, M., Hizal, E., Acer, S., Arslangundogdu, Z. & Aday Kaya, A. G. (2018) First record of Hylastes opacus Erichson and Crypturgus hispidulus Thomson, C. G. (Coleoptera; Curculionidae; Scolytinae) for the Turkish fauna. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 16 (4), 4585 - 4591. https: // doi. org / 10.15666 / aeer / 1604 _ 45854591" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||||
Kumbaşli
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3902084E7B38F8EAFC48F899" box="[883,939,1885,1911]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2018
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F830E70D39020849788CF835FE7BFCFB" blockId="3.[151,1437,1345,2020]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,1077]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="433" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3902084E788CF835FDCFF875" bold="true" box="[199,556,1921,1947]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">New North American records:</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="48E7ED503902084E7A79F835FAD0F851" collectingDate="2022-07-07" collectionCode="DFOC" collectorName="M. F. DiGirolomo" country="United States of America" county="Cumberland Co." location="Peak's Island" municipality="Portland" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maine">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="8098A79D3902084E7A79F835FD3BF875" box="[562,728,1921,1947]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">UNITED STATES</collectingCountry>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3902084E7AADF835FCD7F875" bold="true" box="[742,820,1921,1947]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="3A4B29EF3902084E7AADF835FCD7F875" box="[742,820,1921,1947]" country="United States of America" name="Maine" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">MAINE</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="11519F813902084E7B09F835FC1FF875" box="[834,1020,1921,1947]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Cumberland Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="18547D773902084E7C4DF835FB8BF875" box="[1030,1128,1921,1947]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Portland</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="FD50B1D63902084E7C39F835FAEBF875" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7026561B3903084978DCFE4BFA7EFA7F:FD50B1D63902084E7C39F835FAEBF875" box="[1138,1288,1921,1947]" country="United States of America" county="Cumberland Co." municipality="Portland" name="Peak's Island" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" stateProvince="Maine">Peak’s Island</location>
|
||||
, 43.65608°, - 70.19087°,
|
||||
<date id="8C31C1CD3902084E7953F811FE6DF851" box="[280,398,1957,1983]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" value="2022-07-07">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="9C7538253902084E7953F811FE6DF851" box="[280,398,1957,1983]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" value="2022-07-07">7 Jul 2022</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="557A82DB3902084E79D3F811FDBDF851" box="[408,606,1957,1983]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">M.F. DiGirolomo</collectorName>
|
||||
, beating foliage of recently windthrown
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E3902084E7C54F812FB52F851" box="[1055,1201,1957,1983]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3902084E7C54F812FB52F851" box="[1055,1201,1957,1983]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Picea rubens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(1,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="9E9E7FC83902084E7C97F811FACFF851" box="[1244,1324,1957,1983]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">DFOC</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="48E7ED503902084E7D76F811FC9DF80D" collectingDate="2006-06-06" collectionCode="MFS" collectorName="Survey" country="United States of America" county="Franklin Co." location="Farmington" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maine">
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="11519F813902084E7D76F811FF22F80D" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Franklin Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="FD50B1D63902084E7884F87DFEB6F80D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7026561B3903084978DCFE4BFA7EFA7F:FD50B1D63902084E7884F87DFEB6F80D" box="[207,341,1993,2019]" country="United States of America" county="Franklin Co." name="Farmington" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" stateProvince="Maine">Farmington</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="8C31C1CD3902084E7929F87DFE07F80D" box="[354,484,1993,2019]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" value="2006-06-06">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="9C7538253902084E7929F87DFE07F80D" box="[354,484,1993,2019]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" value="2006-06-06">6 Jun 2006</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMethod id="21CE9F1A3902084E79B9F87DFD93F80D" box="[498,624,1993,2019]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">funnel trap</collectingMethod>
|
||||
, PSB
|
||||
<collectorName id="557A82DB3902084E7AF2F87DFCEBF80D" box="[697,776,1993,2019]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Survey</collectorName>
|
||||
(1,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="9E9E7FC83902084E7B72F87DFC95F80D" box="[825,886,1993,2019]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6byf-n19z" name="Museo dei Fisiocritici" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">MFS</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="48E7ED50390208497BC7F87DFC46FF5F" collectingDate="2021-05-19" collectingDateMax="2021-05-28" collectingDateMin="2021-05-19" collectionCode="MFDC" collectorName="F. G. Guarnieri" country="United States of America" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="433" location="Mt. Abraham" municipality="Kingfield" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maine">
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="18547D773902084E7BC7F87DFC19F80D" box="[908,1018,1993,2019]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Kingfield</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="FD50B1D63902084E7C4CF87DFB41F80D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7026561B3903084978DCFE4BFA7EFA7F:FD50B1D63902084E7C4CF87DFB41F80D" box="[1031,1186,1993,2019]" country="United States of America" municipality="Kingfield" name="Mt. Abraham" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" stateProvince="Maine">Mt. Abraham</location>
|
||||
, 44.9774°, -70.3058°,
|
||||
<date id="8C31C1CD3905084978DCFF23FE83FF5F" box="[151,352,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2021-05-19" valueMax="2021-05-28" valueMin="2021-05-19">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="9C7538253905084978DCFF23FE83FF5F" box="[151,352,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2021-05-19" valueMax="2021-05-28" valueMin="2021-05-19">19–28 May 2021</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="557A82DB390508497925FF23FDF5FF5F" box="[366,534,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">F.G. Guarnieri</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMethod id="21CE9F1A390508497A6FFF23FD47FF5F" box="[548,676,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">funnel trap</collectingMethod>
|
||||
, α-pinene (1,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="9E9E7FC8390508497B03FF23FC7FFF5F" box="[840,924,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">MFDC</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="48E7ED50390508497BF8FF23FE6BFF3B" collectingDate="2021-06-01" collectingDateMax="2021-06-07" collectingDateMin="2021-06-01" collectionCode="MFDC" collectorName="Guarnieri" country="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maine">
|
||||
<date id="8C31C1CD390508497BF8FF23FBB0FF5F" box="[947,1107,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2021-06-01" valueMax="2021-06-07" valueMin="2021-06-01">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="9C753825390508497BF8FF23FBB0FF5F" box="[947,1107,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2021-06-01" valueMax="2021-06-07" valueMin="2021-06-01">1–7 Jun 2021</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, F.G.
|
||||
<collectorName id="557A82DB390508497CD0FF23FAEAFF5F" box="[1179,1289,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Guarnieri</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMethod id="21CE9F1A390508497D53FF23FA7BFF5F" box="[1304,1432,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">funnel trap</collectingMethod>
|
||||
, α-pinene (1,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="9E9E7FC8390508497967FF0FFE63FF3B" box="[300,384,187,213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">MFDC</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="48E7ED503905084979DDFF0FFBE7FF17" collectingDate="2013-05-22" collectingDateMax="2013-06-04" collectingDateMin="2013-05-22" collectionCode="CMNH" collectorName="S. Bonstedt" country="United States of America" county="Hancock Co." elevation="85" location="3.2 km SSE Ellsworth" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" specimenCode="CMNH 642637-38" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maine">
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="11519F813905084979DDFF0FFDCEFF3B" box="[406,557,187,213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Hancock Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="FD50B1D6390508497A77FF0FFCA3FF3B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7026561B3903084978DCFE4BFA7EFA7F:FD50B1D6390508497A77FF0FFCA3FF3B" box="[572,832,187,213]" country="United States of America" county="Hancock Co." name="3.2 km SSE Ellsworth" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" stateProvince="Maine">
|
||||
<quantity id="3F774AE8390508497A77FF0FFD6EFF3B" box="[572,653,187,213]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" unit="km" value="3.2">3.2 km</quantity>
|
||||
SSE Ellsworth
|
||||
</location>
|
||||
, 44.52016°, -68.39542°,
|
||||
<quantity id="3F774AE8390508497C2AFF0EFB7CFF3B" box="[1121,1183,186,213]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" unit="m" value="85.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="73A2003E390508497C2AFF0EFB7CFF3B" box="[1121,1183,186,213]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" unit="m" value="85.0">85 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="8C31C1CD390508497CE5FF0FFA7BFF3B" box="[1198,1432,187,213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2013-05-22" valueMax="2013-06-04" valueMin="2013-05-22">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="9C753825390508497CE5FF0FFA7BFF3B" box="[1198,1432,187,213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2013-05-22" valueMax="2013-06-04" valueMin="2013-05-22">22 May–4 Jun 2013</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="557A82DB3905084978DCFF6BFEFFFF17" box="[151,284,223,249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">S. Bonstedt</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMethod id="21CE9F1A390508497962FF6BFD83FF17" box="[297,608,223,249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">black cross-vane panel trap</collectingMethod>
|
||||
, BSF#51541 (2,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="A8294F76390508497B69FF6BFC1FFF17" box="[802,1020,223,249]" collectionCode="CMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" type="Museum">CMNH 642637-38</specimenCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="48E7ED50390508497C5AFF6BFA7BFEF3" collectingDate="2013-05-21" collectingDateMax="2013-06-04" collectingDateMin="2013-05-21" collectionCode="CMNH" collectorName="S. Bonstedt" country="United States of America" elevation="17" location="Somesville" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" specimenCode="CMNH 642639" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maine">
|
||||
<quantity id="3F774AE8390508497C5AFF6BFB83FF17" box="[1041,1120,223,249]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" unit="km" value="1.3">1.3 km</quantity>
|
||||
NE
|
||||
<location id="FD50B1D6390508497CDEFF6BFAF7FF17" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7026561B3903084978DCFE4BFA7EFA7F:FD50B1D6390508497CDEFF6BFAF7FF17" box="[1173,1300,223,249]" country="United States of America" name="Somesville" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" stateProvince="Maine">Somesville</location>
|
||||
, 44.36794°, -68.32085°,
|
||||
<quantity id="3F774AE8390508497968FEB7FEBDFEF3" box="[291,350,259,285]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" unit="m" value="17.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="73A2003E390508497968FEB7FEBDFEF3" box="[291,350,259,285]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" unit="m" value="17.0">17 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="8C31C1CD390508497921FEB7FDAEFEF3" box="[362,589,259,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2013-05-21" valueMax="2013-06-04" valueMin="2013-05-21">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="9C753825390508497921FEB7FDAEFEF3" box="[362,589,259,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2013-05-21" valueMax="2013-06-04" valueMin="2013-05-21">21 May–4 Jun 2013</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="557A82DB390508497A12FEB7FD3EFEF3" box="[601,733,259,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">S. Bonstedt</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMethod id="21CE9F1A390508497AA3FEB7FBFEFEF3" box="[744,1053,259,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">black cross-vane panel trap</collectingMethod>
|
||||
, BSF#51549 (1,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="A8294F76390508497C97FEB7FA73FEF3" box="[1244,1424,259,285]" collectionCode="CMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" type="Museum">CMNH 642639</specimenCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="48E7ED503905084978DCFE93FDDDFE8B" collectingDate="2014-06-03" collectingDateMax="2014-06-19" collectingDateMin="2014-06-03" collectionCode="CMNH" collectorName="S. Bonstedt" country="United States of America" elevation="33" location="Southwest Harbor" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" specimenCode="CMNH 639311" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maine">
|
||||
<quantity id="3F774AE83905084978DCFE93FF05FEAF" box="[151,230,295,321]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" unit="km" value="4.2">4.2 km</quantity>
|
||||
SSE
|
||||
<location id="FD50B1D639050849796EFE93FE10FEAF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7026561B3903084978DCFE4BFA7EFA7F:FD50B1D639050849796EFE93FE10FEAF" box="[293,499,295,321]" country="United States of America" name="Southwest Harbor" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" stateProvince="Maine">Southwest Harbor</location>
|
||||
, 44.24409°, -68.30743°,
|
||||
<quantity id="3F774AE8390508497B45FE93FCA9FEAF" box="[782,842,295,321]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" unit="m" value="33.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="73A2003E390508497B45FE93FCA9FEAF" box="[782,842,295,321]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" unit="m" value="33.0">33 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="8C31C1CD390508497B1DFE93FC1CFEAF" box="[854,1023,295,321]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2014-06-03" valueMax="2014-06-19" valueMin="2014-06-03">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="9C753825390508497B1DFE93FC1CFEAF" box="[854,1023,295,321]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2014-06-03" valueMax="2014-06-19" valueMin="2014-06-03">3–19 Jun 2014</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="557A82DB390508497C40FE93FB6CFEAF" box="[1035,1167,295,321]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">S. Bonstedt</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMethod id="21CE9F1A390508497CD7FE93FF26FE8B" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">black cross-vane panel trap</collectingMethod>
|
||||
, BSF#56605 (1,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="A8294F763905084979C8FEFFFDD5FE8B" box="[387,566,331,357]" collectionCode="CMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" type="Museum">CMNH 639311</specimenCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="48E7ED50390508497A02FEFFFE66FE67" collectingDate="2014-06-19" collectingDateMax="2014-07-01" collectingDateMin="2014-06-19" collectionCode="CMNH" collectorName="Bonstedt" country="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" specimenCode="CMNH 639315" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maine">
|
||||
<date id="8C31C1CD390508497A02FEFFFCFBFE8B" box="[585,792,331,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2014-06-19" valueMax="2014-07-01" valueMin="2014-06-19">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="9C753825390508497A02FEFFFCFBFE8B" box="[585,792,331,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2014-06-19" valueMax="2014-07-01" valueMin="2014-06-19">19 Jun–1 Jul 2014</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, S.
|
||||
<collectorName id="557A82DB390508497B0BFEFFFC45FE8B" box="[832,934,331,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Bonstedt</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMethod id="21CE9F1A390508497BF9FEFFFB05FE8B" box="[946,1254,331,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">black cross-vane panel trap</collectingMethod>
|
||||
, BSF#56606 (2,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="A8294F763905084978DCFEDBFEAFFE67" box="[151,332,366,393]" collectionCode="CMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" type="Museum">CMNH 639315</specimenCode>
|
||||
&17)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="48E7ED503905084979DBFEDBFD70FE43" collectingDate="2013-05-22" collectingDateMax="2013-06-04" collectingDateMin="2013-05-22" collectionCode="CMNH" collectorName="S. Bonstedt" country="United States of America" elevation="25" location="Trenton" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" specimenCode="CMNH 642640" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maine">
|
||||
<quantity id="3F774AE83905084979DBFEDBFE3DFE67" box="[400,478,367,393]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" unit="km" value="0.8">0.8 km</quantity>
|
||||
N
|
||||
<location id="FD50B1D63905084979B4FEDBFDB9FE67" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7026561B3903084978DCFE4BFA7EFA7F:FD50B1D63905084979B4FEDBFDB9FE67" box="[511,602,367,393]" country="United States of America" name="Trenton" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" stateProvince="Maine">Trenton</location>
|
||||
, 44.44554°, -68.37176°,
|
||||
<quantity id="3F774AE8390508497B38FEDAFC4DFE67" box="[883,942,366,393]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" unit="m" value="25.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="73A2003E390508497B38FEDAFC4DFE67" box="[883,942,366,393]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" unit="m" value="25.0">25 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="8C31C1CD390508497BF2FEDBFB7FFE67" box="[953,1180,367,393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2013-05-22" valueMax="2013-06-04" valueMin="2013-05-22">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="9C753825390508497BF2FEDBFB7FFE67" box="[953,1180,367,393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2013-05-22" valueMax="2013-06-04" valueMin="2013-05-22">22 May–4 Jun 2013</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="557A82DB390508497CECFEDBFAC9FE67" box="[1191,1322,367,393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">S. Bonstedt</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMethod id="21CE9F1A390508497D7DFEDBFEF6FE43" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Lindgren funnel trap</collectingMethod>
|
||||
, BSF#51459 (1,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="A8294F7639050849799DFE27FD68FE43" box="[470,651,403,429]" collectionCode="CMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" type="Museum">CMNH 642640</specimenCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="48E7ED50390508497AD4FE27FB5DFE3F" collectingDate="2016-05-25" collectingDateMax="2016-06-08" collectingDateMin="2016-05-25" collectionCode="CMNH" collectorName="G. Gamester & R. Nyce" country="United States of America" elevation="19" location="Winter Harbor" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" specimenCode="CMNH 701653" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maine">
|
||||
<quantity id="3F774AE8390508497AD4FE27FD0DFE43" box="[671,750,403,429]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" unit="km" value="6.3">6.3 km</quantity>
|
||||
SSE
|
||||
<location id="FD50B1D6390508497B65FE27FC37FE43" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7026561B3903084978DCFE4BFA7EFA7F:FD50B1D6390508497B65FE27FC37FE43" box="[814,980,403,429]" country="United States of America" name="Winter Harbor" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" stateProvince="Maine">Winter Harbor</location>
|
||||
, 44.34011°, -68.0611°,
|
||||
<quantity id="3F774AE8390508497CABFE27FAFFFE43" box="[1248,1308,403,429]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" unit="m" value="19.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="73A2003E390508497CABFE27FAFFFE43" box="[1248,1308,403,429]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" unit="m" value="19.0">19 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="8C31C1CD390508497D62FE26FEE3FE3F" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2016-05-25" valueMax="2016-06-08" valueMin="2016-05-25">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="9C753825390508497D62FE26FEE3FE3F" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2016-05-25" valueMax="2016-06-08" valueMin="2016-05-25">25 May–8 Jun 2016</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="557A82DB390508497940FE03FE78FE3F" box="[267,411,439,465]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">G. Gamester</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="557A82DB3905084979EDFE03FDE6FE3F" box="[422,517,439,465]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">R. Nyce</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMethod id="21CE9F1A390508497A5BFE03FCA7FE3F" box="[528,836,439,465]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">black cross-vane panel trap</collectingMethod>
|
||||
, BSF#67506 (1,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="A8294F76390508497C49FE03FB55FE3F" box="[1026,1206,438,465]" collectionCode="CMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" type="Museum">CMNH 701653</specimenCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="48E7ED50390508497C82FE03FE9BFDF7" collectingDate="2017-05-15" collectingDateMax="2017-05-24" collectingDateMin="2017-05-15" collectionCode="CMNH" collectorName="J. Nicolelli" country="United States of America" county="Penobscot Co." elevation="51" location="4.8 km SE Hermon" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" specimenCode="CMNH 710290" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maine">
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="11519F81390508497C82FE03FA8EFE3F" box="[1225,1389,439,465]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Penobscot Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="FD50B1D6390508497D32FE03FEAEFE1B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7026561B3903084978DCFE4BFA7EFA7F:FD50B1D6390508497D32FE03FEAEFE1B" country="United States of America" county="Penobscot Co." name="4.8 km SE Hermon" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" stateProvince="Maine">
|
||||
<quantity id="3F774AE8390508497D32FE03FF58FE1B" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" unit="km" value="4.8">4.8 km</quantity>
|
||||
SE Hermon
|
||||
</location>
|
||||
, 44.79078°, -68.85939°,
|
||||
<quantity id="3F774AE8390508497A26FE6EFD49FE1B" box="[621,682,474,501]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" unit="m" value="51.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="73A2003E390508497A26FE6EFD49FE1B" box="[621,682,474,501]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" unit="m" value="51.0">51 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="8C31C1CD390508497AF3FE6EFC9CFE1B" box="[696,895,474,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2017-05-15" valueMax="2017-05-24" valueMin="2017-05-15">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="9C753825390508497AF3FE6EFC9CFE1B" box="[696,895,474,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2017-05-15" valueMax="2017-05-24" valueMin="2017-05-15">15–24 May 2017</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="557A82DB390508497BC7FE6FFBEFFE1B" box="[908,1036,475,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">J. Nicolelli</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMethod id="21CE9F1A390508497C51FE6FFAEBFE1B" box="[1050,1288,475,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Lindgren funnel trap</collectingMethod>
|
||||
, BSF#72896 (1,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="A8294F763905084978F7FE4BFE93FDF7" box="[188,368,511,537]" collectionCode="CMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" type="Museum">CMNH 710290</specimenCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="48E7ED503905084979C8FE4BFBFEFDD3" collectingDate="2014-06-12" collectionCode="MFS" collectorName="M. F. DiGirolomo" country="United States of America" county="Piscataquis Co." location="Baxter State Park" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maine">
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="11519F813905084979C8FE4BFDD1FDF7" box="[387,562,511,537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Piscataquis Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||||
, T6 R10 WELS,
|
||||
<location id="FD50B1D6390508497AB9FE4BFC5AFDF7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7026561B3903084978DCFE4BFA7EFA7F:FD50B1D6390508497AB9FE4BFC5AFDF7" box="[754,953,511,537]" country="United States of America" county="Piscataquis Co." name="Baxter State Park" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" stateProvince="Maine">Baxter State Park</location>
|
||||
, 46.19475°, -69.06703°,
|
||||
<date id="8C31C1CD390508497C9AFE4BFABEFDF7" box="[1233,1373,511,537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2014-06-12">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="9C753825390508497C9AFE4BFABEFDF7" box="[1233,1373,511,537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2014-06-12">12 Jun 2014</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="557A82DB390508497D23FE4BFEC0FDD3" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">M.F. DiGirolomo</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMethod id="21CE9F1A390508497964FD97FDFBFDD3" box="[303,536,547,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">modified funnel trap</collectingMethod>
|
||||
, EtOH, α-pinene, ipsenol, ipsdienol (1,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="9E9E7FC8390508497B93FD97FBF6FDD3" box="[984,1045,547,573]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6byf-n19z" name="Museo dei Fisiocritici" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">MFS</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="48E7ED50390508497C62FD97FB46FD8F" collectingDate="2021-05-14" collectingDateMax="2021-06-02" collectingDateMin="2021-05-14" collectionCode="JPBC" collectorName="F. G. Guarnieri" country="United States of America" county="Somerset Co." location="Bigelow Preserve" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maine">
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="11519F81390508497C62FD97FB21FDD3" box="[1065,1218,547,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Somerset Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="FD50B1D6390508497C85FD97FA7BFDD3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7026561B3903084978DCFE4BFA7EFA7F:FD50B1D6390508497C85FD97FA7BFDD3" box="[1230,1432,547,573]" country="United States of America" county="Somerset Co." name="Bigelow Preserve" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" stateProvince="Maine">Bigelow Preserve</location>
|
||||
, 45.1706°, -70.2526°,
|
||||
<date id="8C31C1CD3905084979C6FDF3FD94FD8F" box="[397,631,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2021-05-14" valueMax="2021-06-02" valueMin="2021-05-14">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="9C7538253905084979C6FDF3FD94FD8F" box="[397,631,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2021-05-14" valueMax="2021-06-02" valueMin="2021-05-14">14 May–2 Jun 2021</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="557A82DB390508497ACFFDF3FCC8FD8F" box="[644,811,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">F.G. Guarnieri</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMethod id="21CE9F1A390508497B73FDF3FC54FD8F" box="[824,951,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">funnel trap</collectingMethod>
|
||||
, α-pinene (1,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="9E9E7FC8390508497C12FDF3FB7DFD8F" box="[1113,1182,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">JPBC</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="48E7ED50390508497CF8FDF3FD8CFD6B" collectingDate="2021-06-02" collectingDateMax="2021-06-10" collectingDateMin="2021-06-02" collectionCode="JPBC" collectorName="Guarnieri" country="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maine">
|
||||
<date id="8C31C1CD390508497CF8FDF3FABCFD8F" box="[1203,1375,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2021-06-02" valueMax="2021-06-10" valueMin="2021-06-02">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="9C753825390508497CF8FDF3FABCFD8F" box="[1203,1375,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2021-06-02" valueMax="2021-06-10" valueMin="2021-06-02">2–10 Jun 2021</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, F.G.
|
||||
<collectorName id="557A82DB3905084978DCFDDFFEE6FD6B" box="[151,261,619,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Guarnieri</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMethod id="21CE9F1A39050849795BFDDFFE68FD6B" box="[272,395,619,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">funnel trap</collectingMethod>
|
||||
, α-pinene (1,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="9E9E7FC8390508497A68FDDFFD8BFD6B" box="[547,616,619,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">JPBC</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="48E7ED50390508497A31FDDFFE49FD23" collectingDate="2020-07-29" collectionCode="DFOC" collectorName="K. J. Dodds" country="United States of America" county="Carroll Co." location="Bartlett Experimental Forest" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="New Hampshire">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F390508497A31FDDFFCA3FD6A" bold="true" box="[634,832,618,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="3A4B29EF390508497A31FDDFFCA3FD6A" box="[634,832,618,645]" country="United States of America" name="New Hampshire" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">NEW HAMPSHIRE</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="11519F81390508497B06FDDFFC2FFD6B" box="[845,972,619,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Carroll Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="FD50B1D6390508497B9CFDDFFAF4FD6B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7026561B3903084978DCFE4BFA7EFA7F:FD50B1D6390508497B9CFDDFFAF4FD6B" box="[983,1303,619,645]" country="United States of America" county="Carroll Co." name="Bartlett Experimental Forest" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" stateProvince="New Hampshire">Bartlett Experimental Forest</location>
|
||||
, 44.07414°, -71.29091°,
|
||||
<date id="8C31C1CD39050849796BFD3BFE43FD47" box="[288,416,655,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2020-07-29">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="9C75382539050849796BFD3BFE43FD47" box="[288,416,655,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2020-07-29">29 Jul 2020</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="557A82DB3905084979E3FD3BFDC5FD47" box="[424,550,655,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">K.J. Dodds</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMethod id="21CE9F1A390508497A65FD3BFD09FD47" box="[558,746,655,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">green funnel trap</collectingMethod>
|
||||
, syn-2,3-hexanediol, 3-hydroxyhexan-2-one, 3-hydroxyoctan- 2-one, EtOH (1,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="9E9E7FC8390508497919FD07FE41FD23" box="[338,418,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">DFOC</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="48E7ED503905084979FEFD07FD8AFD1F" collectingDate="2021-05-17" collectionCode="DFOC" collectorName="Dodds" country="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="New Hampshire">
|
||||
<date id="8C31C1CD3905084979FEFD07FDAEFD23" box="[437,589,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2021-05-17">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="9C7538253905084979FEFD07FDAEFD23" box="[437,589,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2021-05-17">17 May 2021</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, K.J.
|
||||
<collectorName id="557A82DB390508497AC7FD07FD3BFD23" box="[652,728,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Dodds</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMethod id="21CE9F1A390508497AA8FD07FC47FD23" box="[739,932,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">green funnel trap</collectingMethod>
|
||||
, syn-2,3-hexanediol, 3-hydroxyhexan-2-one, 3-hydroxyoctan-2-one, EtOH (1,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="9E9E7FC8390508497A59FD63FD81FD1F" box="[530,610,727,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">DFOC</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="48E7ED50390508497A3DFD63FE76FCFB" collectingDate="2021-06" collectingDateMax="2022-04-20" collectingDateMin="2021-06" collectionCode="NMNH, DFOC" collectorName="Dodds" country="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="New Hampshire">
|
||||
<date id="8C31C1CD390508497A3DFD63FD3FFD1F" box="[630,732,727,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2021-06">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="9C753825390508497A3DFD63FD3FFD1F" box="[630,732,727,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2021-06">Jun 2021</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
–
|
||||
<date id="8C31C1CD390508497AA0FD63FC9EFD1F" box="[747,893,727,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2022-04-20">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="9C753825390508497AA0FD63FC9EFD1F" box="[747,893,727,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" value="2022-04-20">20 Apr 2022</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, K.J.
|
||||
<collectorName id="557A82DB390508497BF4FD63FBE8FD1F" box="[959,1035,727,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Dodds</collectorName>
|
||||
, emergence chamber,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E390508497D43FD63FA7FFD1F" box="[1288,1436,727,753]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F390508497D43FD63FA7FFD1F" box="[1288,1436,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Picea rubens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(4,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="9E9E7FC83905084978F6FD4FFEF5FCFB" box="[189,278,763,789]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/142r-0w94" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" type="Museum">NMNH</collectionCode>
|
||||
; 9,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="9E9E7FC8390508497976FD4FFE6EFCFB" box="[317,397,763,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">DFOC</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B095B48639050849788CFCAAFF17FB4F" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F830E70D39050849788CFCAAFCEFFBDB" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1077]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F39050849788CFCAAFE7CFCD7" bold="true" box="[199,415,798,825]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Biology and hosts.</emphasis>
|
||||
As with other members of the genus,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E390508497B08FCABFC35FCD7" box="[835,982,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Crypturgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispidulus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F390508497B08FCABFC35FCD7" box="[835,982,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">C. hispidulus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
typically gain entry to the host cambium from existing galleries of other beetle species, and has been found associated with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E390508497C11FCF7FA99FCB3" box="[1114,1402,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Polygraphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="poligraphus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F390508497C11FCF7FA99FCB3" box="[1114,1402,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Polygraphus poligraphus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
L. and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E39050849788CFCD3FE0CFC6F" box="[199,495,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pityogenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chalcographus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F39050849788CFCD3FE0CFC6F" box="[199,495,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Pityogenes chalcographus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(L.) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C1E9AFC390508497A7BFCD3FCFBFC6F" author="Nikulina, T. & Mandelshtam, M. & Petrov, A. & Nazarenko, V. & Yunakov, N." box="[560,792,870,897]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" pagination="1 - 61" refId="ref3756" refString="Nikulina, T., Mandelshtam, M., Petrov, A., Nazarenko, V. & Yunakov, N. (2015) A survey of the weevils of Ukraine. Bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Platypodinae and Scolytinae). Zootaxa, 3912 (1), 1 - 61. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3912.1.1" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||||
Nikulina
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F390508497AD0FCD3FD37FC6F" box="[667,724,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2015
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It has not been reported as a pest in any of the literature searched. Eurasian hosts include
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E390508497A40FC3FFD45FC4B" box="[523,678,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sibirica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F390508497A40FC3FFD45FC4B" box="[523,678,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Abies sibirica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E390508497AFFFC3FFCB2FC4B" box="[692,849,907,933]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Larix" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decidua">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F390508497AFFFC3FFCB2FC4B" box="[692,849,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Larix decidua</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E390508497B15FC3FFC03FC4B" box="[862,992,907,933]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="abies">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F390508497B15FC3FFC03FC4B" box="[862,992,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Picea abies</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E390508497BA5FC3FFB7CFC4A" box="[1006,1183,907,932]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ajanensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F390508497BA5FC3FFB7CFC4A" box="[1006,1183,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Picea ajanensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F390508497CE6FC3FFF1FFC26" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E390508497CE6FC3FFAB2FC4B" box="[1197,1361,907,933]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="obovata">Picea obovata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E390508497D17FC3FFF1FFC26" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jezoensis">Picea jezoensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E390508497945FC1BFE7EFC27" box="[270,413,943,969]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brutia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F390508497945FC1BFE7EFC27" box="[270,413,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Pinus brutia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E3905084979FBFC1BFD8EFC27" box="[432,621,943,969]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="koraiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3905084979FBFC1BFD8EFC27" box="[432,621,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Pinus koraiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E390508497ACBFC1BFCEBFC26" box="[640,776,943,968]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mugo">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F390508497ACBFC1BFCEBFC26" box="[640,776,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Pinus mugo</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E390508497B50FC1BFC41FC26" box="[795,930,943,968]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nigra">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F390508497B50FC1BFC41FC26" box="[795,930,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Pinus nigra</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E390508497BFFFC1BFBAEFC27" box="[948,1101,943,969]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pumila">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F390508497BFFFC1BFBAEFC27" box="[948,1101,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Pinus pumila</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E390508497C14FC1BFAF4FC27" box="[1119,1303,943,969]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rotundata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F390508497C14FC1BFAF4FC27" box="[1119,1303,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Pinus rotundata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E390508497D17FC1BFF1CFC03" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sylvestris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F390508497D17FC1BFF1CFC03" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Pinus sylvestris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Stark 1952;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C1E9AFC3905084979DEFC67FD97FC03" author="Krivolutskaya, G. O." box="[405,628,979,1005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" refId="ref3615" refString="Krivolutskaya, G. O. (1973) Entomofauna of the Kuril Islands: principal features and origin. Leningrad Division, Izdatel'stvo Nauka, 315 pp. [https: // www. burkemuseum. org / static / okhotskia / ikip / Results / publications / entobook / title. htm]" type="book" year="1973">Krivolutskaya 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C1E9AFC390508497A34FC67FCE6FC03" author="Grune, S." box="[639,773,979,1005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" refId="ref3306" refString="Grune, S. (1979) Brief illustrated key to European bark beetles. M. & H. Schaper, Hannover, 182 pp." type="book" year="1979">Grüne 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C1E9AFC390508497B5BFC67FC7DFC03" author="Pfeffer, A." box="[784,926,978,1005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" pagination="5 - 310" refId="ref3828" refString="Pfeffer, A. (1995) Zental- und westpalaarktische borken- und kernkafer (Coleoptera: Scolytidae, Platypodidae). Entomologica Brasiliensia, 17, 5 - 310." type="journal article" year="1995">Pfeffer 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C1E9AFC390508497BE3FC67FB70FC03" author="Kumbasli, M. & Hizal, E. & Acer, S. & Arslangundogdu, Z. & Aday Kaya, A. G." box="[936,1171,979,1005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" pagination="4585 - 4591" refId="ref3670" refString="Kumbasli, M., Hizal, E., Acer, S., Arslangundogdu, Z. & Aday Kaya, A. G. (2018) First record of Hylastes opacus Erichson and Crypturgus hispidulus Thomson, C. G. (Coleoptera; Curculionidae; Scolytinae) for the Turkish fauna. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 16 (4), 4585 - 4591. https: // doi. org / 10.15666 / aeer / 1604 _ 45854591" type="journal article" year="2018">Kumbaşli et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It is common on fallen spruce trees (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C1E9AFC390508497963FC43FDE8FBFF" author="Nikulina, T. & Mandelshtam, M. & Petrov, A. & Nazarenko, V. & Yunakov, N." box="[296,523,1014,1041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" pagination="1 - 61" refId="ref3756" refString="Nikulina, T., Mandelshtam, M., Petrov, A., Nazarenko, V. & Yunakov, N. (2015) A survey of the weevils of Ukraine. Bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Platypodinae and Scolytinae). Zootaxa, 3912 (1), 1 - 61. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3912.1.1" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||||
Nikulina
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F3905084979D9FC43FE2AFBFF" box="[402,457,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2015
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). In North America it has been found emerging from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E390508497C19FC43FB07FBFF" box="[1106,1252,1015,1041]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F390508497C19FC43FB07FBFF" box="[1106,1252,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Picea rubens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
logs, and beaten from the foliage of recently windthrown
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E390508497A2BFBAFFD2BFBDB" box="[608,712,1051,1077]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F390508497A2BFBAFFD2BFBDB" box="[608,712,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">P. rubens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
trees.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F830E70D3905084978DCFBD7FF17FB4F" blockId="4.[151,1436,1123,1185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">
|
||||
To accommodate
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E390508497916FBD7FE13FB93" box="[349,496,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Crypturgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispidulus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F390508497916FBD7FE13FB93" box="[349,496,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">C. hispidulus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C1E9AFC390508497A58FBD7FD5AFB93" author="Wood, S. L." box="[531,697,1123,1149]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" pagination="1 - 1359" refId="ref4135" refString="Wood, S. L. (1982) The bark and ambrosia beetles of North and Central America (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), a taxonomic monograph. Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs, 6, 1 - 1359." type="journal article" year="1982">Wood’s (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
key to North American
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E390508497B8CFBD7FBA5FB93" box="[967,1094,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Crypturgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F390508497B8CFBD7FBA5FB93" box="[967,1094,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Crypturgus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, couplet 1 may be modified as follows:
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B095B4863905084978DCFB78FA7EFA7F" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" type="key">
|
||||
<key id="8C1EB03C3905084978DCFB78FA7EFA7F" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">
|
||||
<keyStep id="437BFFA83905084978DCFB78FA7FFB10" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F830E70D3905084978DCFB78FA7FFB0F" blockId="4.[151,1436,1228,1279]" box="[151,1436,1228,1250]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">
|
||||
<keyLead id="437E44383905084978DCFB78FA7FFB0F" box="[151,1436,1228,1250]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">1. Pronotal disc subreticulate, lines radiating from punctures only; female without spongy area on elytral declivity......... 1a</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F830E70D3905084978DCFB5DFA7FFB10" blockId="4.[151,1436,1228,1279]" box="[151,1436,1257,1279]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">
|
||||
<keyLead id="437E44383905084978DCFB5DFA7FFB10" box="[151,1436,1257,1279]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">1’. Pronotum uniformly, strongly reticulate; female with a spongy area on elytral declivity............................. 2</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="437BFFA83905084978DCFA90FA7EFA7F" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F830E70D3905084978DCFA90FA7EFAB8" blockId="4.[151,1437,1316,1426]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">
|
||||
<keyLead id="437E44383905084978DCFA90FA7EFAB8" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">
|
||||
1a(1). Elytral disc and sides with interstrial rows of long, erect setae (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="60B4FB88390508497B0DFA90FC6CFAD7" box="[838,911,1316,1338]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1942,1966]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,916,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-177@2.[151,1435,910,1918]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dorsal habitus of Crypturgus spp. A Crypturgus hispidulus B Crypturgus pusillus. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8243560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8243560/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Fig 2A</figureCitation>
|
||||
); strial punctures about same width as interstriae (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="60B4FB88390508497D3EFA90FEE1FAB8" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1238,1262]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-21@3.[340,1247,181,1214]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Elytral disc of Crypturgus spp. A Crypturgus hispidulus B Crypturgus pusillus. Arrows indicate width of striae and interstriae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8243562" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8243562/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<quantity id="3F774AE839050849795FFAF5FE64FAB8" box="[276,391,1345,1366]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" unit="mm" value="1.2" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="1.1">1.1–1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
....................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E390508497C8CFAF5FA7EFAB8" box="[1223,1437,1345,1366]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Crypturgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispidulus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F390508497C8CFAF5FA7EFAB8" box="[1223,1437,1345,1366]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Crypturgus hispidulus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F830E70D3905084978DCFAEAFA7EFA7F" blockId="4.[151,1437,1316,1426]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">
|
||||
<keyLead id="437E44383905084978DCFAEAFA7EFA7F" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">
|
||||
1a(1)’. Elytral disc nearly glabrous (short, fine hairs may be present), fine setae restricted mostly to the elytral margins (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="60B4FB88390508497D5EFAEAFAB9FA9D" box="[1301,1370,1374,1396]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1942,1966]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,916,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-177@2.[151,1435,910,1918]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dorsal habitus of Crypturgus spp. A Crypturgus hispidulus B Crypturgus pusillus. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8243560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8243560/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Fig 2B</figureCitation>
|
||||
); strial punctures about 0.5x width of interstriae (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="60B4FB88390508497A3FFAC8FD5AFA7F" box="[628,697,1404,1426]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1238,1262]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-21@3.[340,1247,181,1214]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Elytral disc of Crypturgus spp. A Crypturgus hispidulus B Crypturgus pusillus. Arrows indicate width of striae and interstriae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8243562" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8243562/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Fig 3B</figureCitation>
|
||||
); 1.0–
|
||||
<quantity id="3F774AE8390508497ABDFAC8FCDCFA7F" box="[758,831,1404,1425]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
.................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F8F9C8E390508497C94FAC8FA7EFA7F" baseAuthorityName="Gyllenhal" baseAuthorityYear="1813" box="[1247,1437,1404,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Crypturgus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CAFB3B1F390508497C94FAC8FA7EFA7F" box="[1247,1437,1404,1425]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Crypturgus pusillus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
</key>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
456
data/70/26/71/70267129D8300A6E7ECD099C81EBD8C4.xml
Normal file
456
data/70/26/71/70267129D8300A6E7ECD099C81EBD8C4.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,456 @@
|
|||
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|
||||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>A revision of Spondias L. (Anacardiaceae) in the Neotropics</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Mitchell, John D.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Institute of Systematic Botany, The New York Botanical Garden, 2900 Southern Blvd., Bronx, NY 10458 - 5126</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">johndanmitchell@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Daly, Douglas C.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Institute of Systematic Botany, The New York Botanical Garden, 2900 Southern Blvd., Bronx, NY 10458 - 5126</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
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|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
|
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number>2015-08-05</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number>55</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.55.8489</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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|
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152026242" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:70267129D8300A6E7ECD099C81EBD8C4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/70267129D8300A6E7ECD099C81EBD8C4" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="70267129-D830-0A6E-7ECD-099C81EBD8C4" authority="Parkinson, J. voy. South Seas 39. 1773." authorityName="Parkinson, J. voy. South Seas 39. 1773." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias dulcis" order="Sapindales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dulcis">Spondias dulcis Parkinson, J. voy. South Seas 39. 1773.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Leaflets of Spondias species, showing details of the margin (insets): Spondias dulcis (Ayala & Criollo 3982, NY); Spondias macrocarpa (Thomas et al. 6823, NY); Spondias mombin (Acevedo 6037, NY); Spondias globosa (Neill & Palacios 7079, NY); Spondias radlkoferi narrow-leaflet form (Crane 458, LL) and broad-leaflet form (Contreras 6976, LL); Spondias purpurea (Grijalva 770, NY); Spondias testudinis (Lao Magin 112, NY); Spondias tuberosa (Carvalho et al. 3767, NY); Spondias venulosa (Stehmann 20855, NY)." pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Figs 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Flowers of Spondias species: Spondias dulcis (Wurdack 315, NY); Spondias macrocarpa (Spada 013 / 77, NY); Spondias globosa (Daly et al. 7836, NY); Spondias radlkoferi (Heithaus 119, NY); Spondias testudinis (Lao Magin 112, NY); Spondias tuberosa (Carauta 552, NY); Spondias venulosa (Queiroz 2604, NY)." pageId="18" pageNumber="19">, 15</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Fruits of Neotropical Spondias. Spondias dulcis (dry fruit: Berlin 870, NY; and longisection: unvouchered photo), Spondias macrocarpa (dry fruit: Thomas et al. 6823, NY), Spondias expeditionaria (endocarp and fresh fruit: Lorenzi s. n., NY), Spondias mombin (dry fruit: Mostacedo 2941, NY; endocarp: Moraes 1046, NY), Spondias globosa (fresh fruit [top], dry fruit, and endocarp: Daly et al. 8472, NY), Spondias purpurea (fresh fruit: unvouchered photo; dry fruit: Moreno 2827, NY; endocarp: Magallanes 3887), Spondias admirabilis (dry fruit: Farney et al. 4046, NY), Spondias radlkoferi (dry fruit: Nee 6729, NY; endocarp: Moran 6291, NY), Spondias testudinis (fresh and dry fruit; Daly et al. 7559, NY), Spondias tuberosa (fresh fruit: from Morton, 1987; dry fruit: Mattos Silva 2299, NY), and Spondias venulosa (fresh fruit: from photo in Lorenzi, 1998; dry fruit: Araujo 7828, NY)." pageId="18" pageNumber="19">, 16</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Distribution of Spondias dulcis." pageId="18" pageNumber="19">, 20</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Poupartia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poupartia dulcis" order="Sapindales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dulcis">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="19" pageNumber="20" start="start">Poupartia</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
dulcis
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Parkinson) Blume, Bijdr. fl. Ned. Ind. 1161. 1826-27.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Evia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Evia dulcis" order="Sapindales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dulcis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Evia dulcis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Parkinson) Blume, Mus. Bot. 1(15): 233. 1850. Type. based on
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias dulcis" order="Sapindales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dulcis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Spondias dulcis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Parkinson.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias cytherea" order="Sapindales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cytherea">Spondias cytherea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Sonn., Voy. Indes orient. 3: 242, t. 123. 1782.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias dulcis" order="Sapindales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dulcis">Spondias dulcis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Type. Mauritius (cultivated),
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Commerson s.n.</emphasis>
|
||||
(P!).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias dulcis subsp. var. var. commersonii" order="Sapindales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="dulcis" subSpecies="var." variety="commersonii">Spondias dulcis Parkinson var. commersonii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Engl. in A. DC & C. DC., Monogr. phan. 4: 247. 1883.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias dulcis" order="Sapindales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dulcis">Spondias dulcis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Type. Several syntypes cited.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias dulcis subsp. var. var. mucroserrata" order="Sapindales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="dulcis" subSpecies="var." variety="mucroserrata">Spondias dulcis Parkinson var. mucroserrata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Engl. in A. DC. & C. DC., Monogr. phan. 4: 247. 1883.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias dulcis" order="Sapindales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dulcis">Spondias dulcis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Type. Mexico, w/o date,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pavón">Pavon</normalizedToken>
|
||||
744 (G n.v.; GH-photo!, NY-photo!).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias dulcis subsp. var. var. integra" order="Sapindales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="dulcis" subSpecies="var." variety="integra">Spondias dulcis Parkinson var. integra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Engl. in A. DC. & C. DC., Monogr. phan. 4: 248. 1883.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias dulcis" order="Sapindales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dulcis">Spondias dulcis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Type. Indonesia. Amboin, w/o date, Reinwardt s.n. (W!).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="type">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Type.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
TAHITI. (without date), Capt. Cook [Banks & Solander] s.n. (lectotype, BM-793299 n.v., designated by A. C.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Smith, AC" journalOrPublisher="Flora Vitiensis Nova: A New Flora of Fiji" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" refId="B160" refString="Smith, AC, 1985. . Flora Vitiensis Nova: A New Flora of Fiji Vol. 3" volume="Vol. 3" year="1985">Smith 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 453).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Hermaphroditic, trees</emphasis>
|
||||
, reproductive height 8-25 m. Trunk 20-40 cm diam.;
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">outer bark</emphasis>
|
||||
light gray or light brown, thin, smooth to moderately rough, lenticellate, shed in small thin plates. Plant entirely glabrous except for some capitate glandular
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="21" start="start">hairs</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Leaves</emphasis>
|
||||
sometimes partially deciduous, 4-12-jugate, 11-60 cm long; petiole 9-15 cm long; lateral petiolules 2-8 mm long, the terminal one 10-30 mm long; basal leaflets 4.3-7.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1.3-3.5 cm, other laterals 5-15
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1.7-5 cm, all laterals oblong or lanceolate to ovate, terminal leaflet 5-9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1.9-3.5 cm, (narrowly) elliptic with acute base; leaflet apex acuminate or occasionally acute, the acumen 4-13 mm long, apex tip acute and glandular-mucronate; lateral leaflets medially subsymmetrical, basal width subsymmetrical, base insertion symmetrical and cuneate or obtuse, decurrent; margin slightly revolute and usually serrulate or crenulate, when present teeth concave-convex, sinus spacing regular, sinus glandular; leaflets chartaceous, adaxial surface sometimes glossy.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Inflorescences</emphasis>
|
||||
usually developing with new leaf flush, terminal and axillary, congested at branchlet apex, 9-32.5 cm long, 3-7 mm diam at base; secondary axes to 11.5 cm long; bracts 0.4-5 mm long, linear to lanceolate, bracteoles 0.3-0.9 mm, linear to ovate; pedicel 1-3 mm long, portion distal to articulation 1-2 mm, sometimes the upper bracts and bracteoles and pedicel with scattered capitate glandular hairs.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Calyx</emphasis>
|
||||
0.7-1.2 mm long, aestivation apert, divided nearly to base, the lobes 0.5-1 mm long, deltate; petals 2-3
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
0.5-1.1 (1.3) mm, oblong to ovate or deltate, apex acute to slightly acuminate, cream-colored or white or whitish green, glabrous, reflexed at anthesis; stamens spreading, antesepalous and antepetalous ones 1.7-2.1 and 1.3-1.5(1.9) mm long, respectively, the anthers 0.7-0.8 mm long, in dorsiventral view elliptic to ovate, in lateral view oblong; disk 0.3-0.5(0.7) mm tall, 0.2-0.4 mm thick, summit undulate and outer margin sulcate, yellow; pistil ca. 1.3 mm long, depressed-ovoid to subcylindrical overall, divided most of its length into very thickly subulate, apically connivent styles ca. 0.8 mm long, the stigmas obovate, slightly extrorse.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fruit</emphasis>
|
||||
4-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
3-8 cm when dry, ellipsoid, obovoid or oblong, maturing yellow or orange, base of fruit basicrescent over distal portion of pedicel, the endocarp lacking a fibrous matrix but provided with spiny projections extending into the mesocarp.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Leaflet venation</emphasis>
|
||||
: Fimbrial vein absent; secondary veins 12-20 pairs, usually darker than blade abaxially, usually straight and nearly perpendicular to midvein, spacing regular or sometimes decreasing toward base, angle increasing toward apex and base, insertion on midvein decurrent; intersecondaries ca. 1 per pair of secondaries and parallel to them, long and straight; intercostal tertiaries few, principally admedially branching parallel to secondaries but some irregular-reticulate, also some admedial tertiaries branching from intramarginal vein; quaternaries irregular-reticulate, FEVs highly branched, dendritic, tracheoid idioblasts absent; marginal secondary present; on abaxial side the midvein prominulous to prominent, secondaries flat; on adaxial side the midvein prominulous, secondary veins impressed to prominulous.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Broadly cultivated in lowland moist forest regions throughout the Neotropics.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ecology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
Given this
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="species’">species'</normalizedToken>
|
||||
broad distribution, its known phenology is broken down by region. Central America: fruiting Aug-Sep; West Indies: flowering Mar-May, fruiting Nov-Jul; NW South America W of the Andes: flowering and fruiting Dec; Amazonia: flowering Aug-Oct, fruiting Aug-Mar; extra-Amazonian Brazil: flowering Oct-Apr, fruiting Nov; Venezuela: flowering Apr; Guianas: flowering May.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="21" pageNumber="22" start="start">There</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
are reports in the literature that the fruits are dispersed by two species of large fruit-eating bats in the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1821" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Artibeus" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Artibeus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Lobova, TA" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 471" refId="B95" refString="Lobova, TA, Geiselman, CK, Mori, SA, 2009. Seed Dispersal by Bats in the Neotropics. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 101: 1 - 471" title="Seed Dispersal by Bats in the Neotropics." volume="101" year="2009">Lobova et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="common names">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Common names.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
Brazil, Rio de Janeiro:
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="cajá">caja</normalizedToken>
|
||||
manga (
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Angeli 704</emphasis>
|
||||
, NY); Dominican Republic: manzana de oro (
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
Zanoni &
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mejía">Mejia</normalizedToken>
|
||||
16387
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
, NY); Ecuador, Napo: mauca (Yacu Indians,
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Irvine 653</emphasis>
|
||||
, F); Guadeloupe: pomme
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="cythère">cythere</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Père">Pere</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Duss 3760
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
, NY, pro parte); Guyana: golden apple (
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Omawale & Persaud 94</emphasis>
|
||||
, NY); Jamaica: Jew plum (
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Howard & Proctor 13531</emphasis>
|
||||
, A)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
Nicaragua,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||||
San Juan: jocote
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="yuplón">yuplon</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Sandino 3599</emphasis>
|
||||
, NY); Panama,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Panamá">Panama</normalizedToken>
|
||||
: mangoteen (
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Miller & Merello 230</emphasis>
|
||||
, NY); Peru, Loreto: tapiriba (
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Martin & Plowman 1781</emphasis>
|
||||
, ECON), San
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martín">Martin</normalizedToken>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="taperibá">taperiba</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Scolnik 1193</emphasis>
|
||||
, NY),
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="kapiníwa">kapiniwa</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Berlin 870</emphasis>
|
||||
, NY); Puerto Rico: ambarella, jobo de la
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Índia">India</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(Little 14914, NY); Venezuela, Delta Amacuro: jobo de los indios (Wurdack 315, NY).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="economic botany">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Economic botany.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias dulcis" order="Sapindales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dulcis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Spondias dulcis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(often referred to as
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias cytherea" order="Sapindales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cytherea">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Spondias cytherea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the literature and on herbarium specimens) has been in cultivation for so long that its native range in Asia is difficult to determine. It was introduced to Jamaica from the South Pacific in the 18th Century (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Popenoe, W" journalOrPublisher="Hafner Press, New York" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="B147" refString="Popenoe, W, 1948. (facsimile of 1920 edition). Manual of Tropical and Subtropical Fruits. Hafner Press, New York" title="(facsimile of 1920 edition). Manual of Tropical and Subtropical Fruits" year="1948">Popenoe 1948</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), and it is planted in home gardens throughout the humid neotropics. In the American tropics, the only significant use of the species is for its juice and as a flavoring for ice creams and sorbets, although it is used to flavor yogurts in the Caribbean; it reportedly has a high Vitamin C content (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Lim, TK" journalOrPublisher="Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refId="B89" refString="Lim, TK, 2012. . Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants Vol. I. Fruits" volume="Vol. I. Fruits" year="2012">Lim 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="selected specimens examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Selected specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">BELIZE.</emphasis>
|
||||
Toledo District, Temash River, ca. 11 km W of Caribbean Sea and ca. 3.5 km N of Belize/Guatemala border, ca.
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="15.949536" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="15.949536">15.949536°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="89.033408" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-89.03341">89.033408°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, elev. 1 m, 8 Jun 1996, Atha & Romero 1372 (NY).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">BRAZIL. Acre</emphasis>
|
||||
: Mun.
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tarauacá">Tarauaca</normalizedToken>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tarauacá">Tarauaca</normalizedToken>
|
||||
town,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="8.2" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5555" value="-8.2">8.2°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="70.8" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5555" value="-70.8">70.8°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 25 Sep 1994, Daly et al. 8361 (NY, HUFAC);
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Rio de Janeiro</emphasis>
|
||||
: Parque da Cidade de
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gâvea">Gavea</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 10 Aug 1986, C. Angeli 704 (GUA, NY).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">COLOMBIA</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Amazonas</emphasis>
|
||||
: Leticia, 19 Sep. 1966,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="ForeroGonzález">ForeroGonzalez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
582 (NY).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">DOMINICAN REPUBLIC</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
Prov.
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cristóbal">Cristobal</normalizedToken>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
: at CESDA property, just outside of city of San
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cristóbal">Cristobal</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 27 Jul 1981, Zanoni 15549 (NY).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">ECUADOR</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Esmeraldas</emphasis>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Quinindé">Quininde</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Bilsa Biological Station, Mache Mountains, 35 km W of
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Quinindé">Quininde</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 5 km W of Santa Isabel, 2 lotes north of reserve, 400-600 m,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="0.35">0°21'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-79.73333">79°44'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 7 Dec. 1994, J. Clark 372 (NY);
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Napo</emphasis>
|
||||
: San
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
||||
de Payamino, 40 km W of Coca,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-0.5">0°30'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="77" direction="west" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.333336">77°20'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, elev. 300-600 m, 20 Jan 1984, Irvine 653 (F).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">FRENCH GUIANA</emphasis>
|
||||
: Commune de
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rémire">Remire</normalizedToken>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Île">Ile</normalizedToken>
|
||||
de Cayenne,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="52" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-4.866667">4°52S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="52" direction="west" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-52.266666">52°16'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 25 Jul 1992 Wittingthon 44 (NY).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">GRENADA</emphasis>
|
||||
: St. George, Annandale Falls,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="12.083333">12°05'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="61" direction="west" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-61.716667">61°43'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 11 June 2001, Hawthorne et al. 459 (FHO, NY).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">GUADELOUPE</emphasis>
|
||||
: Grande-Terre, Grands-Fonds, Sainte-Anne, 12 Jul 1982, Barrier 3712 (NY).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">GUYANA</emphasis>
|
||||
: Diamond, east bank of Demerara River, 28 May 1970, Omawale & Persaud 94 (NY).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">JAMAICA</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">St. Anne Parish</emphasis>
|
||||
: grounds of Windsor Hotel (cult.), near St.
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Anne’s">Anne's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Bay, 20-31 Dec 1953, Howard & Proctor 13531 (A).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">NICARAGUA</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||||
San Juan, San Carlos, house S of cemetery (cult.), 16 Sep 1982, Sandino 3599 (NY).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">PANAMA</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Panamá">Panama</normalizedToken>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
: Barro Colorado Monument, Frijoles train stop,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="28" value="9.174445">9°10'28"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="48" value="-79.79667">79°47'48"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, elev. 37 m, 25 Aug 2001, Miller & Merello 230 (NY).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">PERU</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Amazonas</emphasis>
|
||||
: Huampami, Rio Cenepa, village, elev. 800 ft., 10 Feb. 1973, B. Berlin 870 (NY).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">PUERTO RICO</emphasis>
|
||||
: Mun. Isabela, Arenales Altos, along Hwy. 112, 3.4 miles NE of junction with Hwy. 444,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="30" value="18.425">18°25'30"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="67" direction="west" minutes="02" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-67.03333">67°02'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 8 Nov
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="22" pageNumber="23" start="start">1993</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
, Nee 44157 (NY).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">TRINIDAD</emphasis>
|
||||
: Campus, University of the West Indies, 28 Jun 1916, Nevling 289 (A).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">VENEZUELA</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Delta Amacuro</emphasis>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Grande between Curiapo and Pta. Cangrejo, 10 Apr 1955, Wurdack 315 (NY).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="conservation status">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Considering that this taxon is native to Asia/Oceania and rather widely cultivated in tropical America, it can be considered of Least Concern, at least for the Neotropics.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||||
According to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Smith, AC" journalOrPublisher="Flora Vitiensis Nova: A New Flora of Fiji" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" refId="B160" refString="Smith, AC, 1985. . Flora Vitiensis Nova: A New Flora of Fiji Vol. 3" volume="Vol. 3" year="1985">Smith (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, the type specimen was made from a plant cultivated in Mauritius but grown from seed brought by Commerson from Tahiti in 1768. The earliest effective publication of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias dulcis" order="Sapindales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dulcis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Spondias dulcis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is by Parkinson (J.voy. South Seas, 1773), a botanical artist who accompanied Banks and Solander in Captain
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cooks’s">Cooks's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
first expedition to the Southern oceans. A later publication of this name by G. Forster (Pl. esc. 33. 1786) is considered an isonym as it is based on the same type as
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Parkinson’s">Parkinson's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
name.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias cytherea" order="Sapindales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cytherea">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Spondias cytherea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Sonn. was once considered the earliest valid name of this species, on the basis that the names in
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Parkinson’s">Parkinson's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
publication were considered invalidly published (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Airy-Shaw, HK" journalOrPublisher="Kew Bulletin" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 19" publicationUrl="10.2307/4108411" refId="B2" refString="Airy-Shaw, HK, Forman, LL, 1967. The genus Spondias L. (Anacardiaceae) in tropical Asia. Kew Bulletin 21: 1 - 19, DOI: 10.2307/4108411" title="The genus Spondias L. (Anacardiaceae) in tropical Asia." url="10.2307/4108411" volume="21" year="1967">Airy Shaw and Forman 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). A more recent examination of
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Parkinson’s">Parkinson's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
work has shown
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias dulcis" order="Sapindales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dulcis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Spondias dulcis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
to be a valid name and therefore to have priority over
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias cytherea" order="Sapindales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cytherea">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Spondias cytherea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fosberg, FR" journalOrPublisher="Brittonia" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="101 - 113" publicationUrl="10.2307/2805210" refId="B52" refString="Fosberg, FR, 1960. Introgression in Artocarpus (Moraceae) in Micronesia. Brittonia 12: 101 - 113, DOI: 10.2307/2805210" title="Introgression in Artocarpus (Moraceae) in Micronesia." url="10.2307/2805210" volume="12" year="1960">Fosberg 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Following this argument,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Smith, AC" journalOrPublisher="Flora Vitiensis Nova: A New Flora of Fiji" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" refId="B160" refString="Smith, AC, 1985. . Flora Vitiensis Nova: A New Flora of Fiji Vol. 3" volume="Vol. 3" year="1985">Smith (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
lectotypified
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias dulcis" order="Sapindales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dulcis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Spondias dulcis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with a collection considered the voucher of
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Parkinson’s">Parkinson's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
illustration of this species (and therefore a typotype).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||||
In 1869, Marchand subsumed
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias acida" order="Sapindales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acida">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Spondias acida</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lam" authorityYear="1797" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias amara" order="Sapindales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amara">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Spondias amara</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias pinnata" order="Sapindales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinnata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Spondias pinnata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias dulcis" order="Sapindales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dulcis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Spondias dulcis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as varieties. Here
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias acida" order="Sapindales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acida">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Spondias acida</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias pinnata" order="Sapindales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinnata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Spondias pinnata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are maintained as species, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lam" authorityYear="1797" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias amara" order="Sapindales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amara">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Spondias amara</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is considered a synonym of
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">S. pinnata. Spondias dulcis sensu</emphasis>
|
||||
Blanco is attributable to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias purpurea" order="Sapindales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="purpurea">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Spondias purpurea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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