Add updates up until 2025-05-26 20:25:11
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<mods:titleInfo id="240DDCC6D7C52F58F7127D188FE910B2">
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<mods:title id="05B29154600EEB1D081AE30209D6E935">Remarkable diversity in a little red dot: a comprehensive checklist of known ant species in Singapore (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with notes on ecology and taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="596F9DBA11719B141B79E53986EAD038">Hamer, Matthew T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F3E423EB203BE692FE33B67092EE63BE">Lee, Jonathan Hon Chung</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1597D9FA70043CBF40F7C3A47FF97276">Tse, Cheung Yau Leo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7A4DA89B69579C4507F5D2E28F896C48">Silva, Thiago S. R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0CB6E6874E6FC27F0F2252C998DA12A8">Guénard, Benoit</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B713ECD974F0DBAA9B879309E441B9E2">Asian Myrmecology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E28864D04236178641E5CAC6F745E9EA">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="D0E28474E49E341AD98A65EBBB889B72">e 015006</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="AD03BA84F1B296D256A4E5838BFFFD65">2022-04-04</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="09C40BED69BCBA55F5469496079B62B3" type="DOI">10.20362/am.015006</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B780CD9AB9B63AB7AFB5E78B23A3E772" type="ISSN">2462-2362</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B68783312AFFDAFF0F7AE3FBB1FED7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B68783312AFFDAFF0F7AE3FBB1FED7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B68783312AFFDAFF0F7AE3FBB1FED7" lastPageNumber="128" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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<paragraph id="8BA03695312AFFDAFF0F7AE3FDC4FF37" blockId="127.[168,693,192,1752]" box="[168,619,192,216]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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<heading id="D0E881F9312AFFDAFF0F7AE3FDC4FF37" box="[168,619,192,216]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="B96BEA87312AFFDAFF0F7AE3FDC4FF37" bold="true" box="[168,619,192,216]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312AFFDAFF0F7AE3FDB7FF37" ID-CoL="CM8KD" authority="(Forel, 1905)" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[168,536,192,216]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mesoponera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312AFFDAFF0F7AE3FE2EFF37" bold="true" box="[168,385,192,216]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Mesoponera javana</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312AFFDAFE287AE3FDBEFF37" author="Forel A" box="[399,529,192,216]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref106767" refString="Forel A, 1905. Ameisen aus Java. Gesammelt von Prof. Karl Kraepelin 1904. Mitteilungen Aus Dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg 22: 1-26." type="journal article" year="1905">Forel, 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
stat. n.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C305651E312AFFDAFF0F7AC2FEB5FDB7" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BA03695312AFFDAFF0F7AC2FEC5FEF7" blockId="127.[168,693,192,1752]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0F11BB312AFFDAFF0F7AC2FEC5FEF7" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABE1084312AFFDAFF0F7AC2FE87FEF7" author="Forel A" page="6" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" year="1905">
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||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312AFFDAFF0F7AC2FE87FEF7" authority="Forel, 1905: 6" authorityName="Forel" authorityPageNumber="6" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Euponera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="rubra" subGenus="Mesoponera" variety="javana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312AFFDAFF0F7AC2FEBEFF17" box="[168,273,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Euponera</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312AFFDAFE867AC2FE09FF17" box="[289,422,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Mesoponera</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312AFFDAFE127AC3FE5DFF17" box="[437,498,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">rubra</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312AFFDAFD817AC2FDC0FF17" box="[550,623,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">javana</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312AFFDAFDD27AC3FE87FEF7" author="Forel A" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref106767" refString="Forel A, 1905. Ameisen aus Java. Gesammelt von Prof. Karl Kraepelin 1904. Mitteilungen Aus Dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg 22: 1-26." type="journal article" year="1905">Forel, 1905: 6</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
(q.m)
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312AFFDAFF0F7B03FD1AFED7" blockId="127.[168,693,192,1752]" box="[168,693,288,312]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
|
||||
Combination in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312AFFDAFEF77B03FE4AFED7" ID-CoL="6BRJ" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1858" box="[336,485,288,312]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pachycondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312AFFDAFEF77B03FE4AFED7" box="[336,485,288,312]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Pachycondyla</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: Brown, 1995: 306.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312AFFDAFF0F7B63FEE6FE97" blockId="127.[168,693,192,1752]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
|
||||
Combination in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312AFFDAFEE97B62FE7FFEB7" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1900" box="[334,464,321,344]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mesoponera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312AFFDAFEE97B62FE7FFEB7" box="[334,464,321,344]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Mesoponera</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: Schmidt & Shattuck, 2014: 111.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312AFFDAFF0F7BA3FEA8FE17" blockId="127.[168,693,192,1752]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
|
||||
Subspecies of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312AFFDAFEE07BA2FDBCFE77" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[327,531,384,408]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mesoponera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubra">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312AFFDAFEE07BA2FDBCFE77" box="[327,531,384,408]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Mesoponera rubra</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312AFFDAFD847BA3FF59FE57" author="Emery C" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="1 - 125" refId="ref105785" refString="Emery C, 1911. Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Ponerinae. Genera Insectorum 118: 1-125." type="journal article" year="1911">Emery, 1911: 81</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312AFFDAFEA27B83FE49FE57" author="Wheeler WM" box="[261,486,416,440]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="239 - 258" refId="ref112457" refString="Wheeler WM, 1924. Ants of Krakatau and other islands in the Sunda Strait. Treubia 5: 239-258." type="journal article" year="1924">Wheeler, 1924: 242</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; Karavaiev, 1926: 419;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312AFFDAFEAA7BE3FDB6FE37" author="Chapman JW & Capco SR" box="[269,537,448,472]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="1 - 327" refId="ref104117" refString="Chapman JW and Capco SR, 1951. Check list of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Asia. Monographs of the Institute of Science and Technology (Manila) 1: 1-327." type="journal article" year="1951">Chapman & Capco, 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312AFFDAFD847BE3FEACFE17" author="Bolton B" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refId="ref103556" refString="Bolton B, 1995. A new general catalogue of the ants of the world. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 504 pp." type="book" year="1995">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49DBF877312AFFDAFD847BE3FDC1FE37" box="[547,622,448,472]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bolton" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Bolton</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, 1995: 306
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312AFFDAFF0F7823FEB5FDB7" blockId="127.[168,693,192,1752]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
|
||||
Senior synonym of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312AFFDAFED27822FD02FDF7" baseAuthorityName="Özdikmen" baseAuthorityYear="2010" box="[373,685,512,536]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mesoponera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="rubra" subSpecies="minirubra">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312AFFDAFED27822FD02FDF7" box="[373,685,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Mesoponera rubra minirubra</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312AFFDAFF7F7803FE20FDD7" author="Ozdikmen H" box="[216,399,544,570]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="804 - 806" refId="ref109561" refString="Ozdikmen H, 2010. New names for the preoccupied specific and subspecific epithets in the genus Pheidole Westwood, 1839 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Munis Entomology and Zoology 5 (2): 804-806." type="journal article" year="2010">Özdikmen, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
(unnecessary replacement name)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C305651E312AFFDAFF0F7843FDCAFC57" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312AFFDAFF0F7843FE10FCD7" blockId="127.[168,693,192,1752]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
|
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<emphasis id="B96BEA87312AFFDAFF0F7843FE3FFD97" bold="true" box="[168,400,608,632]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B773CC8312AFFDAFE3E7843FE6CFD57" collectingDate="2017-05-07" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="G. W. Yong" location="Queen" municipality="Peirce" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" specimenCode="ENT00027967" specimenCount="1">
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<location id="8EC0604E312AFFDAFE3E7843FE4FFD97" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B68783312AFFDAFF0F7AE3FBB1FED7:8EC0604E312AFFDAFE3E7843FE4FFD97" box="[409,480,608,632]" municipality="Peirce" name="Queen" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Queen</location>
|
||||
and worker, Lower
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC4ACEF312AFFDAFF5D78A3FEECFD77" box="[250,323,640,664]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Peirce</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFA11055312AFFDAFEF378A3FE49FD77" box="[340,486,640,664]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" value="2017-05-07">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFE5E9BD312AFFDAFEF378A3FE49FD77" box="[340,486,640,664]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" value="2017-05-07">7 May 2017</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26EA5343312AFFDAFE5078A3FDD8FD77" box="[503,631,640,664]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">G.W. Yong</collectorName>
|
||||
leg.,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE50312AFFDAFF7F7883FEA0FD57" box="[216,271,672,696]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||||
_
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB99EEE312AFFDAFEBA7883FE6CFD57" box="[285,451,672,696]" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">ENT00027967</specimenCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B773CC8312AFFDAFE747883FE3EFD17" collectingDate="1969-11-26" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="D. H. Murphy" location="Bukit Timah forest" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" specimenCode="ENT00057834" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<location id="8EC0604E312AFFDAFE747883FD00FD57" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B68783312AFFDAFF0F7AE3FBB1FED7:8EC0604E312AFFDAFE747883FD00FD57" box="[467,687,672,696]" name="Bukit Timah forest" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Bukit Timah forest</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFA11055312AFFDAFF7F78E3FED7FD37" box="[216,376,704,728]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" value="1969-11-26">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFE5E9BD312AFFDAFF7F78E3FED7FD37" box="[216,376,704,728]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" value="1969-11-26">26 Nov 1969</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26EA5343312AFFDAFE2E78E3FD89FD37" box="[393,550,704,728]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">D.H. Murphy</collectorName>
|
||||
leg.,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE50312AFFDAFDD678E3FD09FD37" box="[625,678,704,728]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||||
_ HYM_0000832;
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B773CC8312AFFDAFE3978C3FE13FCD7" collectingDate="1969-11-26" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="D. H. Murphy" location="Bukit Timah forest" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" specimenCode="ENT00057834" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<location id="8EC0604E312AFFDAFE3978C3FEA2FCF7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B68783312AFFDAFF0F7AE3FBB1FED7:8EC0604E312AFFDAFE3978C3FEA2FCF7" name="Upper Thomson Nature Park" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Upper Thomson Nature Park</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFA11055312AFFDAFEBB7923FE02FCF7" box="[284,429,768,792]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" value="2016-10-19">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFE5E9BD312AFFDAFEBB7923FE02FCF7" box="[284,429,768,792]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" value="2016-10-19">19 Oct 2016</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26EA5343312AFFDAFE1C7923FD98FCF7" box="[443,567,768,792]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">G.W. Yong</collectorName>
|
||||
et al. leg.,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE50312AFFDAFF7F7903FEA2FCD7" box="[216,269,800,824]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||||
_
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB99EEE312AFFDAFEBD7903FE13FCD7" box="[282,444,800,824]" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">ENT00057834</specimenCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312AFFDAFF0F7963FD35FCB7" blockId="127.[168,693,192,1752]" box="[168,666,832,856]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312AFFDAFF0F7963FD84FCB7" bold="true" box="[168,555,832,856]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Material not physically examined.</emphasis>
|
||||
Unknown
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312AFFDAFF0F7943FE58FC97" blockId="127.[168,693,192,1752]" box="[168,503,864,888]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312AFFDAFF0F7943FE8AFC97" bold="true" box="[168,293,864,888]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Literature.</emphasis>
|
||||
None. New record.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312AFFDAFF0F79A3FDCAFC57" blockId="127.[168,693,192,1752]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312AFFDAFF0F79A3FEB2FC77" bold="true" box="[168,285,896,920]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Localities.</emphasis>
|
||||
Bukit Timah Nature Reserve; Lower Peirce; Upper Thomson Nature Park.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C305651E312AFFDAFF0F79E3FEBFFB97" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312AFFDAFF0F79E3FEBFFB97" blockId="127.[168,693,192,1752]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312AFFDAFF0F79E3FECCFC37" bold="true" box="[168,355,960,984]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Habitat/Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||||
Individuals were found in either primary or old/mature secondary forests in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3087605312AFFDAFF7F7E23FEE8FBF7" box="[216,327,1024,1048]" name="Singapore" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, usually in leaf litter or in soil at bases of trees. In one instance, workers were collected under bark of a rotting log, in wet sand.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C305651E312AFFDAFF0F7EA3FBB1FED7" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312AFFDAFF0F7EA3FD3CF937" blockId="127.[168,693,192,1752]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312AFFDAFF0F7EA3FEB8FB77" bold="true" box="[168,279,1152,1176]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312AFFDAFEB97EA2FE5AFB77" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[286,501,1153,1176]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mesoponera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312AFFDAFEB97EA2FE5AFB77" box="[286,501,1153,1176]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Mesoponera javana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
resembles
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312AFFDAFDC87EA2FF52FB57" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1857" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mesoponera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubra">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312AFFDAFDC87EA2FF52FB57" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">M. rubra</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but is generally smaller – the queen of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312AFFDAFD307E82FE8EFB37" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mesoponera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312AFFDAFD307E82FE8EFB37" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">M. javana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is either similar in size to or smaller than the worker of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312AFFDAFE047EC2FDABFB17" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[419,516,1248,1272]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mesoponera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubra">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312AFFDAFE047EC2FDABFB17" box="[419,516,1248,1272]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">M. rubra</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The workers of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312AFFDAFF7F7F22FEEAFAF7" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[216,325,1281,1304]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mesoponera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312AFFDAFF7F7F22FEEAFAF7" box="[216,325,1281,1304]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">M. javana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can also be differentiated from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312AFFDAFD307F22FEBAFAD7" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1857" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mesoponera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubra">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312AFFDAFD307F22FEBAFAD7" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">M. rubra</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
based on the following (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312AFFDAFDBD7F02FDD6FAD7" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[538,633,1312,1336]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mesoponera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubra">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312AFFDAFDBD7F02FDD6FAD7" box="[538,633,1312,1336]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">M. rubra</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
traits in parentheses): 1) median part of clypeus produced anteriorly as a broad, subtriangular lobe with median apical point and distinct rounded, translucent lamellate edge (median part of clypeus weakly produced anteriorly as a shallow, broadly convex lobe with indistinct lamellate edge), 2) eye relatively larger and closer to anterior margin of head, shortest distance of eye to mandibular insertions less than 2x eye length (eye relatively smaller and further away from anterior margin of head, shortest distance of eye to mandibular insertion more than or equal to 2x eye length).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312AFFDAFC937AE3FBB1FED7" blockId="127.[772,1249,192,312]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Condition of the clypeus, i.e., character (1) previously mentioned, can be used to differentiate between queens of the two species as well, besides body size.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
286
data/03/B6/87/03B68783312CFFDCFF0F7883FBE5FBB8.xml
Normal file
286
data/03/B6/87/03B68783312CFFDCFF0F7883FBE5FBB8.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,286 @@
|
|||
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<mods:titleInfo id="5CF25D7BE9793A9291D452F559FE660B">
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<mods:namePart id="A4F52283E7D8265AC557534DA3CF8E04">Lee, Jonathan Hon Chung</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D1F1CB82BC73F96DEA84BCF7AFCAEA82">Tse, Cheung Yau Leo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8F49482CACEBD08CCFF2F4B82CDAED0D">Silva, Thiago S. R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BF158EC05963E842886E34EFB7271AEE">Guénard, Benoit</mods:namePart>
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|
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="249CBA38F9CF7C090C9B250AC5B93D57">journal article</mods:classification>
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|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03B68783312CFFDCFF0F7883FBE5FBB8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B68783312CFFDCFF0F7883FBE5FBB8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B68783312CFFDCFF0F7883FBE5FBB8" lastPageNumber="122" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C305651E312CFFDCFF0F7883FDC4FD57" box="[168,619,672,696]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312CFFDCFF0F7883FDC4FD57" blockId="121.[168,693,672,1656]" box="[168,619,672,696]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
|
||||
<heading id="D0E881F9312CFFDCFF0F7883FDC4FD57" box="[168,619,672,696]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" reason="4">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312CFFDCFF0F7883FDC4FD57" bold="true" box="[168,619,672,696]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312CFFDCFF0F7883FDB7FD57" ID-CoL="CLYQ4" authority="(Forel, 1905)" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[168,536,672,696]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312CFFDCFF0F7883FE2EFD57" bold="true" box="[168,385,672,696]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Hypoponera javana</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312CFFDCFE287883FDBEFD57" author="Forel A" box="[399,529,672,696]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref106767" refString="Forel A, 1905. Ameisen aus Java. Gesammelt von Prof. Karl Kraepelin 1904. Mitteilungen Aus Dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg 22: 1-26." type="journal article" year="1905">Forel, 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
stat. n.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C305651E312CFFDCFF0F78E2FD1EFD17" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312CFFDCFF0F78E2FD01FD37" blockId="121.[168,693,672,1656]" box="[168,686,704,728]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0F11BB312CFFDCFF0F78E2FD01FD37" box="[168,686,704,728]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0ABE1084312CFFDCFF0F78E2FDC5FD37" author="Forel A" box="[168,618,704,728]" page="6" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" year="1905">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312CFFDCFF0F78E2FDC5FD37" authority="Forel, 1905: 6" authorityName="Forel" authorityPageNumber="6" authorityYear="1905" box="[168,618,704,728]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="confinis" variety="javana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312CFFDCFF0F78E2FEFFFD37" box="[168,336,704,728]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Ponera confinis</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312CFFDCFE2278E2FE61FD37" box="[389,462,705,728]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">javana</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312CFFDCFE7378E3FDC5FD37" author="Forel A" box="[468,618,704,728]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref106767" refString="Forel A, 1905. Ameisen aus Java. Gesammelt von Prof. Karl Kraepelin 1904. Mitteilungen Aus Dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg 22: 1-26." type="journal article" year="1905">Forel, 1905: 6</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
(w.q.)
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312CFFDCFF0F78C3FD1EFD17" blockId="121.[168,693,672,1656]" box="[168,689,736,760]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
|
||||
Combination in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312CFFDCFEF278C2FE75FD17" ID-CoL="52V8" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1938" box="[341,474,737,760]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312CFFDCFEF278C2FE75FD17" box="[341,474,737,760]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Hypoponera</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312CFFDCFE4E78C3FD02FD17" author="Bolton B" box="[489,685,736,760]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" refId="ref103556" refString="Bolton B, 1995. A new general catalogue of the ants of the world. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 504 pp." type="book" year="1995">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49DBF877312CFFDCFE4E78C3FD9BFD17" box="[489,564,736,760]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bolton" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Bolton</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, 1995: 215
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C305651E312CFFDCFF0F7923FECCFC37" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312CFFDCFF0F7923FECCFC37" blockId="121.[168,693,672,1656]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
|
||||
Subspecies of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312CFFDCFE987922FDB3FCF7" baseAuthorityName="Roger" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[319,540,768,792]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confinis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312CFFDCFE987922FDB3FCF7" box="[319,540,768,792]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Hypoponera confinis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312CFFDCFD8F7923FF5AFCD7" author="Forel A" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref106797" refString="Forel A, 1907 a. Formiciden aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg. II. Teil. Neueingange seit 1900. Mitteilungen Aus Dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg 24: 1-20." type="journal article" year="1907">Forel, 1907a: 17</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312CFFDCFEA47903FE6AFCD7" author="Forel A" box="[259,453,800,824]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" pagination="193 - 218" refId="ref106954" refString="Forel A, 1911 a. Ameisen aus Java beobachtet und gesammelt von Herrn Edward Jacobson. II. Theil. Notes from the Leyden Museum 33: 193-218." type="journal article" year="1911">Forel, 1911a: 194</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; Emery,con 1911: 90;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312CFFDCFF7F7963FE1BFCB7" author="Wheeler WM" box="[216,436,832,856]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" pagination="43 - 147" refId="ref112407" refString="Wheeler WM, 1919. The ants of Borneo. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 63: 43-147." type="journal article" year="1919">Wheeler, 1919: 57</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312CFFDCFE627963FD1FFCB7" author="Wheeler WM" box="[453,688,832,856]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" pagination="239 - 258" refId="ref112457" refString="Wheeler WM, 1924. Ants of Krakatau and other islands in the Sunda Strait. Treubia 5: 239-258." type="journal article" year="1924">Wheeler, 1924: 242</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312CFFDCFF7F7943FDEDFC97" author="Wheeler WM & Chapman JW" box="[216,578,864,888]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" pagination="47 - 73" refId="ref112647" refString="Wheeler WM and Chapman JW, 1925. The ants of the Philippine Islands. Part I, Dorylinae and Ponerinae. Philippine Journal of Science 28: 47-73." type="journal article" year="1925">Wheeler & Chapman, 1925: 69</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312CFFDCFDF67943FE9AFC77" author="Wheeler WM" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" pagination="21 - 24" refId="ref112625" refString="Wheeler WM, 1937. Additions to the ant-fauna of Krakatau and Verlaten Island. Treubia 16: 21-24." type="journal article" year="1937">Wheeler, 1937: 21</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312CFFDCFE9979A3FDC3FC77" author="Chapman JW & Capco SR" box="[318,620,896,920]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" pagination="1 - 327" refId="ref104117" refString="Chapman JW and Capco SR, 1951. Check list of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Asia. Monographs of the Institute of Science and Technology (Manila) 1: 1-327." type="journal article" year="1951">Chapman & Capco, 1951: 69</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312CFFDCFDD279A3FEDDFC57" author="Baltazar CR" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" pagination="1 - 488" refId="ref102919" refString="Baltazar CR, 1966. A catalogue of Philippine Hymenoptera (with a bibliography, 1758 - 1963). Pacific Insects Monograph 8: 1-488." type="journal article" year="1966">Baltazar, 1966: 246</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312CFFDCFEDA7983FDEFFC57" author="Bolton B" box="[381,576,928,952]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" refId="ref103556" refString="Bolton B, 1995. A new general catalogue of the ants of the world. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 504 pp." type="book" year="1995">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49DBF877312CFFDCFEDA7983FE67FC57" box="[381,456,928,952]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bolton" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Bolton</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, 1995: 215
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312CFFDCFDEC7983FECFFC37" author="Pfeiffer M & Mezger D & Hosoishi S & Bakhtiar EY & Kohout RJ" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" pagination="9 - 58" refId="ref109649" refString="Pfeiffer M, Mezger D, Hosoishi S, Bakhtiar EY and Kohout RJ, 2011. The Formicidae of Borneo (Insecta: Hymenoptera): a preliminary species list. Asian Myrmecology 4: 9-58." type="journal article" year="2011">Pfeiffer et al., 2011: 56</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C305651E312CFFDCFF0F79C3FEE5FA77" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312CFFDCFF0F79C3FE10FB17" blockId="121.[168,693,672,1656]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312CFFDCFF0F79C3FE24FC17" bold="true" box="[168,395,992,1016]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B773CC8312CFFDCFE3379C3FED6FBD7" collectingDate="1985-04-25" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="D. H. Murphy & Hypo" location="Ridge" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" specimenCode="ENT00027998" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kent">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49DBF877312CFFDCFE3379C3FE67FC18" box="[404,456,992,1015]" country="United Kingdom" name="Kent" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Kent</collectingRegion>
|
||||
<location id="8EC0604E312CFFDCFE7579C3FDBAFC17" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B68783312CFFDCFF0F7883FBE5FBB8:8EC0604E312CFFDCFE7579C3FDBAFC17" box="[466,533,992,1016]" name="Ridge" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" stateProvince="Kent">Ridge</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFA11055312CFFDCFD8579C3FD1FFC17" box="[546,688,992,1016]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" value="1985-04-25">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFE5E9BD312CFFDCFD8579C3FD1FFC17" box="[546,688,992,1016]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" value="1985-04-25">25 Apr 1985</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26EA5343312CFFDCFF7F7E23FECCFBF7" box="[216,355,1024,1048]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">D.H. Murphy</collectorName>
|
||||
leg., DHM-SG85-
|
||||
<collectorName id="26EA5343312CFFDCFD847E23FDF1FBF7" box="[547,606,1024,1048]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Hypo</collectorName>
|
||||
4,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE50312CFFDCFDD37E23FD08FBF7" box="[628,679,1024,1048]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||||
_
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB99EEE312CFFDCFF7F7E03FED6FBD7" box="[216,377,1056,1080]" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">ENT00027998</specimenCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B773CC8312CFFDCFE267E03FD98FB77" collectingDate="2019-07-18" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="J. S. Tan" elevation="53" latitude="1.4101388" location="Northern Node" municipality="Mandai Lake" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" specimenCode="ENT00028303" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kent">
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC4ACEF312CFFDCFE267E03FDA3FBD7" box="[385,524,1056,1080]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Mandai Lake</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
Road,
|
||||
<location id="8EC0604E312CFFDCFDF27E03FEBBFBB7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B68783312CFFDCFF0F7883FBE5FBB8:8EC0604E312CFFDCFDF27E03FEBBFBB7" latitude="1.4101388" municipality="Mandai Lake" name="Northern Node" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" stateProvince="Kent">Northern Node</location>
|
||||
, 1°24’36.5”N, 103°47’04.0”,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CE79B70312CFFDCFDF27E63FD21FBB8" box="[597,654,1088,1112]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" unit="m" value="53.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="0032D1A6312CFFDCFDF27E63FD21FBB8" box="[597,654,1088,1112]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" unit="m" value="53.0">53 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFA11055312CFFDCFD3E7E63FE99FB97" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" value="2019-07-18">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFE5E9BD312CFFDCFD3E7E63FE99FB97" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" value="2019-07-18">18 Jul 2019</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26EA5343312CFFDCFEE67E43FE3AFB98" box="[321,405,1120,1144]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">J.S. Tan</collectorName>
|
||||
& N.L.
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49DBF877312CFFDCFE487E43FD8CFB97" box="[495,547,1120,1144]" country="Myanmar" name="Chin" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Chin</collectingRegion>
|
||||
leg.,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26EA5343312CFFDCFDF97E43FD1BFB97" box="[606,692,1120,1144]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Winkler</collectorName>
|
||||
extraction,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE50312CFFDCFEF47EA3FE27FB77" box="[339,392,1152,1176]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||||
_
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB99EEE312CFFDCFE317EA3FD98FB77" box="[406,567,1152,1176]" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">ENT00028303</specimenCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B773CC8312CFFDCFDE37EA3FE14FB17" collectingDate="1985-04-28" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="D. H. Murphy & Hypo" location="Namly Avenue" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" specimenCode="ENT00027997" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chin">
|
||||
queen and workers,
|
||||
<location id="8EC0604E312CFFDCFE9A7E83FE72FB57" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B68783312CFFDCFF0F7883FBE5FBB8:8EC0604E312CFFDCFE9A7E83FE72FB57" box="[317,477,1184,1208]" name="Namly Avenue" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" stateProvince="Chin">Namly Avenue</location>
|
||||
(kampong),
|
||||
<date id="FFA11055312CFFDCFDCE7E83FEA0FB37" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" value="1985-04-28">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFE5E9BD312CFFDCFDCE7E83FEA0FB37" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" value="1985-04-28">28 Apr 1985</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26EA5343312CFFDCFEBF7EE3FE0AFB37" box="[280,421,1216,1240]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">D.H. Murphy</collectorName>
|
||||
leg., DHM-SG85-
|
||||
<collectorName id="26EA5343312CFFDCFDCE7EE3FD0AFB37" box="[617,677,1216,1240]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Hypo</collectorName>
|
||||
3,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE50312CFFDCFF7F7EC3FEA2FB17" box="[216,269,1248,1272]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||||
_
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB99EEE312CFFDCFEBD7EC3FE14FB17" box="[282,443,1248,1272]" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">ENT00027997</specimenCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312CFFDCFF0F7F23FD0DFAF7" blockId="121.[168,693,672,1656]" box="[168,674,1280,1304]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312CFFDCFF0F7F23FD84FAF7" bold="true" box="[168,555,1280,1304]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Material not physically examined.</emphasis>
|
||||
Unknown.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312CFFDCFF0F7F03FEB4FAB8" blockId="121.[168,693,672,1656]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312CFFDCFF0F7F03FE8AFAD7" bold="true" box="[168,293,1312,1336]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Literature.</emphasis>
|
||||
Forel (1907) [as
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312CFFDCFE437F02FEA3FAB7" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312CFFDCFE437F02FD21FAD7" authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1860" box="[484,654,1312,1336]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confinis">Ponera confinis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
javana
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312CFFDCFF0F7F43FEE5FA77" blockId="121.[168,693,672,1656]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312CFFDCFF0F7F43FEB4FA97" bold="true" box="[168,283,1376,1400]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Localities.</emphasis>
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49DBF877312CFFDCFE877F43FEFCFA98" box="[288,339,1376,1399]" country="United Kingdom" name="Kent" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Kent</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Ridge;
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC4ACEF312CFFDCFE037F43FD80FA97" box="[420,559,1376,1400]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
|
||||
Mandai
|
||||
<location id="8EC0604E312CFFDCFE5D7F43FD80FA97" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B68783312CFFDCFF0F7883FBE5FBB8:8EC0604E312CFFDCFE5D7F43FD80FA97" box="[506,559,1376,1400]" municipality="Mandai Lake" name="Lake Road" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" stateProvince="Kent">Lake</location>
|
||||
</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
Road; Namly Avenue.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C305651E312CFFDCFF0F7F83FE21F997" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312CFFDCFF0F7F83FE21F997" blockId="121.[168,693,672,1656]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312CFFDCFF0F7F83FECDFA57" bold="true" box="[168,354,1440,1464]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Habitat/Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||||
This species was found in young or mature secondary forest, often disturbed fragments in semi-urban settings close to man-made infrastructure. In one instance, the ants were found nesting under brick. Usually, individuals were collected from leaf litter and topsoil substrate.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C305651E312CFFDCFD737AE3FBE5FBB8" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312CFFDCFD737AE3FBB7FCF7" blockId="121.[724,1249,192,1112]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312CFFDCFD737AE3FCECFF37" bold="true" box="[724,835,192,216]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312CFFDCFCEF7AE2FBB3FF37" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[840,1052,193,216]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312CFFDCFCEF7AE2FBB3FF37" box="[840,1052,193,216]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Hypoponera javana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was originally described as a subspecies of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312CFFDCFB8D7AC2FB0FFF17" authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1860" box="[1066,1184,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confinis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312CFFDCFB8D7AC2FB0FFF17" box="[1066,1184,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">H. confinis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(then known as ‘
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312CFFDCFCD27B22FB8CFEF7" box="[885,1059,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312CFFDCFCD27B22FC6CFEF7" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1804" box="[885,963,257,280]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ponera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
confinis’
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
). Workers of both species appear very similar, but can be distinguished based on the following (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312CFFDCFBCD7B62FB4FFEB7" authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1860" box="[1130,1248,320,344]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confinis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312CFFDCFBCD7B62FB4FFEB7" box="[1130,1248,320,344]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">H. confinis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
characters in parentheses): 1) head wider with broadly convex sides, slightly narrowed anteriorly (head less wide with almost parallel sides, not narrowed anteriorly), 2) antennal scapes reaching posterior margin of head (antennal scapes not reaching posterior margin of head), 3) petiole shorter in dorsal view, thinner in profile (petiole longer and nearly reniform in dorsal view, thicker in profile), 4) propodeal dorsum relatively short, not much longer than wide, distinctly shorter than declivitous slope in profile (propodeal dorsum long, distinctly longer than wide, as long as or slightly longer than propodeal declivity).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312CFFDCFC937903FB4EFC77" blockId="121.[724,1249,192,1112]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
|
||||
The queen of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312CFFDCFC607902FB9EFCD7" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[967,1073,801,824]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312CFFDCFC607902FB9EFCD7" box="[967,1073,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">H. javana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can also be separated from that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312CFFDCFC477962FBF8FCB7" authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1860" box="[992,1111,832,856]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confinis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312CFFDCFC477962FBF8FCB7" box="[992,1111,832,856]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">H. confinis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by its more distinctly angulate propodeal junction and longer, more sharply truncate propodeal slope.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312CFFDCFC937982FBE5FBB8" blockId="121.[724,1249,192,1112]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312CFFDCFC937982FBBEFC57" ID-CoL="CLYQ4" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[820,1041,929,952]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312CFFDCFC937982FBBEFC57" box="[820,1041,929,952]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Hypoponera javana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
closely resembles
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312CFFDCFCA379E2FB4FFC37" ID-CoL="CLYRJ" authority="Viehmeyer, 1916" authorityName="Viehmeyer" authorityYear="1916" box="[772,1248,960,984]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singaporensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312CFFDCFCA379E2FB8CFC37" box="[772,1059,961,984]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Hypoponera singaporensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312CFFDCFB8E79E3FB4FFC37" author="Viehmeyer H" box="[1065,1248,960,984]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" pagination="108 - 168" refId="ref111296" refString="Viehmeyer H, 1916. Ameisen von Singapore. Beobachtet und gesammelt von H. Overbeck. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Series A, 81 (8): 108-168." type="journal article" year="1916">Viehmeyer, 1916</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
stat. n., which was also originally described as a subspecies of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312CFFDCFC7E7E22FBFEFBF7" ID-CoL="CMJFM" authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1860" box="[985,1105,1024,1048]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confinis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312CFFDCFC7E7E22FBFEFBF7" box="[985,1105,1024,1048]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">H. confinis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Differences between the two species are discussed under Remarks for
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312CFFDCFC287E62FBECFBB7" ID-CoL="CLYRJ" authorityName="Viehmeyer" authorityYear="1916" box="[911,1091,1089,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singaporensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312CFFDCFC287E62FBECFBB7" box="[911,1091,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">H. singaporensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
235
data/03/B6/87/03B68783312FFFDFFF677E83FBEFFB97.xml
Normal file
235
data/03/B6/87/03B68783312FFFDFFF677E83FBEFFB97.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
|
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<mods:title id="CEDCED07D00766D6BBD57A80350DC6F1">Remarkable diversity in a little red dot: a comprehensive checklist of known ant species in Singapore (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with notes on ecology and taxonomy</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="C305651E312FFFDFFF677E83FE93FB37" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" type="nomenclature">
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<emphasis id="B96BEA87312FFFDFFF677E83FE93FB37" bold="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312FFFDFFF677E83FD63FB57" ID-CoL="CLYRJ" authority="(Viehmeyer, 1916)" baseAuthorityName="Viehmeyer" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[192,716,1184,1208]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singaporensis">
|
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<emphasis id="B96BEA87312FFFDFFF677E83FE41FB57" bold="true" box="[192,494,1184,1208]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Hypoponera singaporensis</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312FFFDFFE587E83FD6CFB57" author="Viehmeyer H" box="[511,707,1184,1208]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="108 - 168" refId="ref111296" refString="Viehmeyer H, 1916. Ameisen von Singapore. Beobachtet und gesammelt von H. Overbeck. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Series A, 81 (8): 108-168." type="journal article" year="1916">Viehmeyer, 1916</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
stat. n.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C305651E312FFFDFFF677EC2FDD9FA97" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" type="reference_group">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0F11BB312FFFDFFF677EC2FE30FAF7" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABE1084312FFFDFFF677EC2FEF5FAF7" author="Viehmeyer H" page="115" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" year="1916">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312FFFDFFF677EC2FEF5FAF7" authority="Viehmeyer, 1916: 115" authorityName="Viehmeyer" authorityPageNumber="115" authorityYear="1916" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="confinis" variety="singaporensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312FFFDFFF677EC2FEC0FB17" box="[192,367,1248,1272]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Ponera confinis</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312FFFDFFE0A7EC2FDEAFB17" box="[429,581,1249,1272]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">singaporensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312FFFDFFDE97EC3FEF5FAF7" author="Viehmeyer H" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="108 - 168" refId="ref111296" refString="Viehmeyer H, 1916. Ameisen von Singapore. Beobachtet und gesammelt von H. Overbeck. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Series A, 81 (8): 108-168." type="journal article" year="1916">Viehmeyer, 1916: 115</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
(w.q.)
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312FFFDFFF677F03FD66FAD7" blockId="122.[192,716,1184,1752]" box="[192,713,1312,1336]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">
|
||||
Combination in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312FFFDFFECA7F02FE5DFAD7" ID-CoL="52V8" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1938" box="[365,498,1313,1336]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312FFFDFFECA7F02FE5DFAD7" box="[365,498,1313,1336]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Hypoponera</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312FFFDFFDA67F03FD6AFAD7" author="Bolton B" box="[513,709,1312,1336]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" refId="ref103556" refString="Bolton B, 1995. A new general catalogue of the ants of the world. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 504 pp." type="book" year="1995">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49DBF877312FFFDFFDA67F03FDE3FAD7" box="[513,588,1312,1336]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bolton" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Bolton</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, 1995: 216
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312FFFDFFF677F63FDD9FA97" blockId="122.[192,716,1184,1752]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">
|
||||
Subspecies of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312FFFDFFEFC7F62FD94FAB7" baseAuthorityName="Roger" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[347,571,1344,1368]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confinis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312FFFDFFEFC7F62FD94FAB7" box="[347,571,1344,1368]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Hypoponera confinis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312FFFDFFDED7F63FE0CFA97" author="Chapman JW & Capco SR" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="1 - 327" refId="ref104117" refString="Chapman JW and Capco SR, 1951. Check list of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Asia. Monographs of the Institute of Science and Technology (Manila) 1: 1-327." type="journal article" year="1951">Chapman & Capco, 1951: 69</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312FFFDFFE097F43FDDDFA97" author="Bolton B" box="[430,626,1376,1400]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" refId="ref103556" refString="Bolton B, 1995. A new general catalogue of the ants of the world. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 504 pp." type="book" year="1995">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49DBF877312FFFDFFE097F43FE56FA97" box="[430,505,1376,1400]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bolton" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Bolton</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, 1995: 216
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C305651E312FFFDFFF677FA3FE99F937" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" type="materials_examined">
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|
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<emphasis id="B96BEA87312FFFDFFF677FA3FE03FA77" bold="true" box="[192,428,1408,1432]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B773CC8312FFFDFFE107FA3FE7CFA37" collectingDate="1985-04-29" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName=" D. H. Murphy" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" specimenCode="ENT00027995" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<collectorName id="26EA5343312FFFDFFE107FA3FDB2FA77" box="[439,541,1408,1432]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Labrador</collectorName>
|
||||
beach,
|
||||
<date id="FFA11055312FFFDFFDDB7FA3FE88FA57" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" value="1985-04-29">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFE5E9BD312FFFDFFDDB7FA3FE88FA57" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" value="1985-04-29">29 Apr 1985</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26EA5343312FFFDFFE977F83FE12FA57" box="[304,445,1440,1464]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">D.H. Murphy</collectorName>
|
||||
leg., DHM-SG85-
|
||||
<collectorName id="26EA5343312FFFDFFD247F83FD6FFA57" box="[643,704,1440,1464]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Hypo</collectorName>
|
||||
1,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE50312FFFDFFF577FE3FE8AFA37" box="[240,293,1472,1496]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||||
_
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB99EEE312FFFDFFE947FE3FE7CFA37" box="[307,467,1472,1496]" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">ENT00027995</specimenCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312FFFDFFF677FC3FDB5F9D7" blockId="122.[192,716,1184,1752]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312FFFDFFF677FC3FDEDFA17" bold="true" box="[192,578,1504,1528]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Material not physically examined.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B773CC8312FFFDFFDEF7FC3FDB8F9D7" collectionCode="DEIC, ZMHB" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54A48837312FFFDFFDEF7FC3FD28FA17" box="[584,647,1504,1528]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Types</typeStatus>
|
||||
– FOCOL0356-357 (
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE50312FFFDFFE3A7C23FE4EF9F7" box="[413,481,1536,1560]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">DEIC</collectionCode>
|
||||
); queen and workers, FOCOL0985-988 (
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE50312FFFDFFE1B7C03FDA0F9D7" box="[444,527,1568,1592]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">ZMHB</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312FFFDFFF677C63FEB4F978" blockId="122.[192,716,1184,1752]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312FFFDFFF677C63FE92F9B7" bold="true" box="[192,317,1600,1624]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Literature.</emphasis>
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54A48837312FFFDFFEE37C63FED6F9B7" box="[324,377,1600,1624]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
–
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312FFFDFFE337C63FDF5F9B7" author="Viehmeyer H" box="[404,602,1600,1624]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="108 - 168" refId="ref111296" refString="Viehmeyer H, 1916. Ameisen von Singapore. Beobachtet und gesammelt von H. Overbeck. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Series A, 81 (8): 108-168." type="journal article" year="1916">Viehmeyer (1916)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B64312FFFDFFDC37C63FE98F997" author="Overbeck H" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="25 - 40" refId="ref109527" refString="Overbeck H, 1924. A list of ants from Singapore and neighbouring places. Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society 2 (1): 25-40." type="journal article" year="1924">Overbeck (1924)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
[both as
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312FFFDFFE3B7C42FEA3F977" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312FFFDFFE3B7C42FDEAF997" authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1860" box="[412,581,1632,1656]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confinis">Ponera confinis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
singaporensis
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312FFFDFFF677C83FE99F937" blockId="122.[192,716,1184,1752]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312FFFDFFF677C83FE98F957" bold="true" box="[192,311,1696,1720]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Localities.</emphasis>
|
||||
Bukit Timah Road [
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54A48837312FFFDFFDBA7C83FDFCF957" box="[541,595,1696,1720]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
]; Labrador beach.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C305651E312FFFDFFD4B7AE3FBBEFE77" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312FFFDFFD4B7AE3FBBEFE77" blockId="122.[748,1273,192,1144]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312FFFDFFD4B7AE3FC04FF37" bold="true" box="[748,939,192,216]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Habitat/Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54A48837312FFFDFFC167AE3FC49FF37" box="[945,998,192,216]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimens of this species were found in a garden, specifically in the wet pulp of a large fungus on a termite-infested tree, also in the rotten wood of a decaying branch. Individuals were also collected from a considerably rocky beach, in close proximity to coastal beach forest.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C305651E312FFFDFFD4B7B83FBEFFB97" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312FFFDFFD4B7B83FB05FD17" blockId="122.[748,1273,192,1144]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312FFFDFFD4B7B83FCF4FE57" bold="true" box="[748,859,416,440]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54A48837312FFFDFFCC67B83FC39FE57" box="[865,918,416,440]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3087605312FFFDFFBB77B83FB2FFE57" box="[1040,1152,416,440]" name="Singapore" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. Originally described as a subspecies of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312FFFDFFB987BE2FB01FE37" authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1860" box="[1087,1198,448,472]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confinis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312FFFDFFB987BE2FB01FE37" box="[1087,1198,448,472]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">H. confinis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, workers of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312FFFDFFCC77BC2FBBAFE17" baseAuthorityName="Viehmeyer" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[864,1045,481,504]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singaporensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312FFFDFFCC77BC2FBBAFE17" box="[864,1045,481,504]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">H. singaporensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be differentiated from those of the former by points (1) – (3) mentioned in Remarks under
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312FFFDFFBEC7802FB1FFDD7" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[1099,1200,545,568]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312FFFDFFBEC7802FB1FFDD7" box="[1099,1200,545,568]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">H. javana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In addition,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312FFFDFFCC27862FBB9FDB7" baseAuthorityName="Viehmeyer" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[869,1046,577,600]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singaporensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312FFFDFFCC27862FBB9FDB7" box="[869,1046,577,600]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">H. singaporensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
workers are darker in colour and visibly more shiny than those of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312FFFDFFB797842FCC0FD77" authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1860" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confinis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312FFFDFFB797842FCC0FD77" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">H. confinis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The propodeal junction in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312FFFDFFB3278A2FCDAFD57" baseAuthorityName="Viehmeyer" baseAuthorityYear="1916" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singaporensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312FFFDFFB3278A2FCDAFD57" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">H. singaporensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
workers is also less sharply angular and more ill-defined than that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312FFFDFFBDA78E2FB5EFD37" authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1860" box="[1149,1265,704,728]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confinis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312FFFDFFBDA78E2FB5EFD37" box="[1149,1265,704,728]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">H. confinis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, because of a slightly bulging sclerite.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA03695312FFFDFFCEB7922FBEFFB97" blockId="122.[748,1273,192,1144]" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312FFFDFFCEB7922FBDBFCF7" baseAuthorityName="Viehmeyer" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[844,1140,769,792]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singaporensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312FFFDFFCEB7922FBDBFCF7" box="[844,1140,769,792]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Hypoponera singaporensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be distinguished from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312FFFDFFC687902FB95FCD7" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[975,1082,801,824]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312FFFDFFC687902FB95FCD7" box="[975,1082,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">H. javana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
based on the following (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D16312FFFDFFCDE7962FC4AFCB7" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[889,997,833,856]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA87312FFFDFFCDE7962FC4AFCB7" box="[889,997,833,856]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">H. javana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
traits in parentheses): 1) in workers, propodeum distinctly longer than wide, propodeal dorsum as long as or slightly longer than declivitous slope in profile (propodeal dorsum relatively shorter, not much longer than wide, propodeal dorsum shorter than declivitous slope), 2) in queens, propodeal junction mirrors that of workers, rounded and ill-defined (propodeal junction distinctly angulate and well-defined).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
285
data/03/B6/87/03B687833167FF96FD4B7F5CFC68FDB7.xml
Normal file
285
data/03/B6/87/03B687833167FF96FD4B7F5CFC68FDB7.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,285 @@
|
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<mods:title id="843211E535E9947330CBAE192B0E37A2">Remarkable diversity in a little red dot: a comprehensive checklist of known ant species in Singapore (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with notes on ecology and taxonomy</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="B96BEA873167FF97FD4B7F5CFB85FA78" bold="true" box="[748,1066,1407,1431]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Paraparatrechina malaccana</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B643167FF97FB927FA3FB5FFA77" author="Viehmeyer H" box="[1077,1264,1408,1432]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="108 - 168" refId="ref111296" refString="Viehmeyer H, 1916. Ameisen von Singapore. Beobachtet und gesammelt von H. Overbeck. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Series A, 81 (8): 108-168." type="journal article" year="1916">Viehmeyer, 1916</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
stat. n.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
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|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C305651E3167FF97FD4B7FE3FC20F9D7" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA036953167FF97FD4B7FE3FB96FA17" blockId="50.[748,1272,1407,1656]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0F11BB3167FF97FD4B7FE3FB96FA17" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0ABE10843167FF97FD4B7FE3FBA6FA17" author="Viehmeyer H" page="147" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" year="1916">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D163167FF97FD4B7FE3FBA6FA17" authority="Viehmeyer, 1916: 147" authorityName="Viehmeyer" authorityPageNumber="147" authorityYear="1916" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="butteli" subGenus="Nylanderia" subSpecies="malaccana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA873167FF97FD4B7FE3FCF1FA37" box="[748,862,1472,1496]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Prenolepis</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA873167FF97FCCB7FE3FC4CFA37" box="[876,995,1472,1496]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Nylanderia</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA873167FF97FC557FE3FB99FA37" box="[1010,1078,1472,1496]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">butteli</emphasis>
|
||||
subsp.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA873167FF97FB247FE3FB57FA37" box="[1155,1272,1472,1496]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">malaccana</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B643167FF97FCBB7FC3FBA6FA17" author="Viehmeyer H" box="[796,1033,1504,1528]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="108 - 168" refId="ref111296" refString="Viehmeyer H, 1916. Ameisen von Singapore. Beobachtet und gesammelt von H. Overbeck. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Series A, 81 (8): 108-168." type="journal article" year="1916">Viehmeyer, 1916: 147</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
(w.)
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA036953167FF97FD4B7C23FC20F9D7" blockId="50.[748,1272,1407,1656]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||||
Combination in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D163167FF97FC357C23FB06F9F7" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1906" box="[914,1193,1536,1560]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paratrechina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Nylanderia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA873167FF97FC357C23FBB3F9F7" box="[914,1052,1536,1560]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Paratrechina</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA873167FF97FB8E7C23FB31F9F7" box="[1065,1182,1536,1560]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Nylanderia</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B643167FF97FB157C23FC25F9D7" author="Emery C" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 302" refId="ref105884" refString="Emery C, 1925. Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Formicinae. Genera Insectorum 183: 1-302." type="journal article" year="1925">Emery 1925: 220</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C305651E3167FF97FD4B7C63FC21F997" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA036953167FF97FD4B7C63FC21F997" blockId="50.[748,1272,1407,1656]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||||
Combination in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D163167FF97FC3C7C63FBF4F9B7" authorityName="Donisthorpe" authorityYear="1947" box="[923,1115,1600,1624]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA873167FF97FC3C7C63FBF4F9B7" box="[923,1115,1600,1624]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Paraparatrechina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4B643167FF97FBCE7C63FC25F997" author="LaPolla JS & Brady SG & Shattuck SO" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="118 - 131" refId="ref108420" refString="LaPolla JS, Brady SG and Shattuck SO, 2010. Phylogeny and taxonomy of the Prenolepis genus-group of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Systematic Entomology 35: 118-131." type="journal article" year="2010">LaPolla et al. 2010: 128</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C305651E3166FF96FF0F7AE3FEBFFCB7" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA036953166FF96FF0F7AE3FDA4FD77" blockId="51.[168,696,192,1784]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA873166FF96FF0F7AE3FE3DFF37" bold="true" box="[168,402,192,216]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B773CC83166FF96FE3A7AE3FE69FEF7" collectingDate="2014-01-09" collectingDateMax="2016-09-29" collectingDateMin="2016-09-27" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="Sk. Yamane" location="MacRitchie Reservoir" municipality="MacRitchie Reservoir" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" specimenCode="ENT00048008" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<location id="8EC0604E3166FF96FE3A7AE3FD38FF37" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B687833167FF96FD4B7F5CFC68FDB7:8EC0604E3166FF96FE3A7AE3FD38FF37" box="[413,663,192,216]" name="MacRitchie Reservoir" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">MacRitchie Reservoir</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFA110553166FF96FD017AE3FE91FF17" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2014-01-09">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFE5E9BD3166FF96FD017AE3FE91FF17" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2014-01-09">9 Jan 2014</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26EA53433166FF96FEEC7AC3FE61FF18" box="[331,462,224,248]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Sk. Yamane</collectorName>
|
||||
leg., SG14-SKY-39,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE503166FF96FF7F7B23FEA3FEF7" box="[216,268,256,280]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||||
_HYM_0000439;
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B773CC83166FF96FE6D7B23FDF1FEB7" collectingDate="2014-01-09" collectingDateMax="2016-09-29" collectingDateMin="2016-09-27" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="Sk. Yamane" location="MacRitchie Reservoir" municipality="MacRitchie Reservoir" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" specimenCode="ENT00048008" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<location id="8EC0604E3166FF96FE6D7B23FD2DFEF7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B687833167FF96FD4B7F5CFC68FDB7:8EC0604E3166FF96FE6D7B23FD2DFEF7" box="[458,642,256,280]" municipality="MacRitchie Reservoir" name="Island Club forest" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Island Club forest</location>
|
||||
(sic; in
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC4ACEF3166FF96FF557B03FE74FED7" box="[242,475,288,312]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">MacRitchie Reservoir</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<date id="FFA110553166FF96FE4B7B03FDD8FED7" box="[492,631,288,312]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="1985-05-20">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFE5E9BD3166FF96FE4B7B03FDD8FED7" box="[492,631,288,312]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="1985-05-20">20 May 1985</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26EA53433166FF96FD267B03FE81FEB7" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">D.H. Murphy</collectorName>
|
||||
leg.,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE503166FF96FECB7B63FE0EFEB7" box="[364,417,320,344]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||||
_HYM_0000774;
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B773CC83166FF96FDC17B63FDC5FE77" collectingDate="2014-01-09" collectingDateMax="2016-09-29" collectingDateMin="2016-09-27" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="Sk. Yamane" location="MacRitchie Reservoir" municipality="MacRitchie Reservoir" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" specimenCode="ENT00048008" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<location id="8EC0604E3166FF96FDC17B63FDA2FE98" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B687833167FF96FD4B7F5CFC68FDB7:8EC0604E3166FF96FDC17B63FDA2FE98" name="Central Catchment Nature Reserve" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Central Catchment Nature Reserve</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFA110553166FF96FDBB7B43FD00FE97" box="[540,687,352,376]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2011-09-10">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFE5E9BD3166FF96FDBB7B43FD00FE97" box="[540,687,352,376]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2011-09-10">10 Sep 2011</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26EA53433166FF96FF7F7BA3FEE8FE77" box="[216,327,384,408]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">E.J.Y. Soh</collectorName>
|
||||
leg.,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE503166FF96FE247BA3FE17FE77" box="[387,440,384,408]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||||
_
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB99EEE3166FF96FE617BA3FDC9FE77" box="[454,614,384,408]" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">ENT00048008</specimenCode>
|
||||
;
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B773CC83166FF96FDD67BA3FD1BFE37" collectingDate="2014-01-09" collectingDateMax="2016-09-29" collectingDateMin="2016-09-27" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="Sk. Yamane" location="MacRitchie Reservoir" municipality="MacRitchie Reservoir" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" specimenCode="ENT00048008" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<location id="8EC0604E3166FF96FDD67BA3FE64FE57" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B687833167FF96FD4B7F5CFC68FDB7:8EC0604E3166FF96FDD67BA3FE64FE57" municipality="Sep-Oct" name="Upper Thomson Nature Park" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Upper Thomson Nature Park</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC4ACEF3166FF96FE707B83FD81FE57" box="[471,558,416,440]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Sep-Oct</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
2016,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26EA53433166FF96FDDA7B83FEBEFE37" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">G.W. Yong</collectorName>
|
||||
et al. leg.,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE503166FF96FE267BE3FE19FE37" box="[385,438,448,472]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||||
_
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB99EEE3166FF96FE637BE3FD1FFE37" box="[452,688,448,472]" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">ENT00057813-57817</specimenCode>
|
||||
;
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B773CC83166FF96FF7F7BC3FE8DFDD7" collectingDate="2014-01-09" collectingDateMax="2016-09-29" collectingDateMin="2016-09-27" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="Sk. Yamane" location="MacRitchie Reservoir" municipality="MacRitchie Reservoir" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" specimenCode="ENT00048008" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
Bukit Batok
|
||||
<location id="8EC0604E3166FF96FEC77BC3FE4BFE17" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B687833167FF96FD4B7F5CFC68FDB7:8EC0604E3166FF96FEC77BC3FE4BFE17" box="[352,484,480,504]" name="East Avenue" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">East Avenue</location>
|
||||
6,
|
||||
<date id="FFA110553166FF96FDA27BC3FD1FFE17" box="[517,688,480,504]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2016-09-27" valueMax="2016-09-29" valueMin="2016-09-27">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFE5E9BD3166FF96FDA27BC3FD1FFE17" box="[517,688,480,504]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2016-09-27" valueMax="2016-09-29" valueMin="2016-09-27">27-29 Sep 2016</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26EA53433166FF96FF7F7823FEFFFDF7" box="[216,336,512,536]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">G.W. Yong</collectorName>
|
||||
et al. leg.,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE503166FF96FE697823FDADFDF7" box="[462,514,512,536]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||||
_
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB99EEE3166FF96FDB77823FD1FFDF7" box="[528,688,512,536]" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">ENT00049050</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB99EEE3166FF96FF7F7803FEB1FDD7" box="[216,286,544,568]" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">57818</specimenCode>
|
||||
;
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B773CC83166FF96FE8C7803FD1BFDB7" collectingDate="2014-01-09" collectingDateMax="2016-09-29" collectingDateMin="2016-09-27" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="Sk. Yamane" location="MacRitchie Reservoir" municipality="MacRitchie Reservoir" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" specimenCode="ENT00048008" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<location id="8EC0604E3166FF96FE8C7803FE6FFDD7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B687833167FF96FD4B7F5CFC68FDB7:8EC0604E3166FF96FE8C7803FE6FFDD7" box="[299,448,544,568]" municipality="Nov-Dec" name="Mandai Road" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Mandai Road</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC4ACEF3166FF96FE6A7803FD80FDD8" box="[461,559,544,567]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Nov-Dec</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
2016,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26EA53433166FF96FDDA7803FEBEFDB7" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">G.W. Yong</collectorName>
|
||||
et al. leg.,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE503166FF96FE267863FE19FDB7" box="[385,438,576,600]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||||
_
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB99EEE3166FF96FE627863FD1FFDB7" box="[453,688,576,600]" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">ENT00057819-57821</specimenCode>
|
||||
;
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B773CC83166FF96FF7F7843FDA9FD77" collectingDate="2014-01-09" collectingDateMax="2016-09-29" collectingDateMin="2016-09-27" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="Sk. Yamane" location="MacRitchie Reservoir" municipality="MacRitchie Reservoir" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" specimenCode="ENT00048008" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<location id="8EC0604E3166FF96FF7F7843FEF5FD97" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B687833167FF96FD4B7F5CFC68FDB7:8EC0604E3166FF96FF7F7843FEF5FD97" box="[216,346,608,632]" name="Sunset Way" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Sunset Way</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFA110553166FF96FEC17843FE58FD97" box="[358,503,608,632]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2016-08-22">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFE5E9BD3166FF96FEC17843FE58FD97" box="[358,503,608,632]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2016-08-22">22 Aug 2016</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26EA53433166FF96FDA27843FDD2FD97" box="[517,637,608,632]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">G.W. Yong</collectorName>
|
||||
leg.,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED0EAE503166FF96FF7F78A3FEA2FD77" box="[216,269,640,664]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||||
_
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB99EEE3166FF96FEBC78A3FDA9FD77" box="[283,518,640,664]" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">ENT00049056-49057</specimenCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA036953166FF96FF0F7883FD0DFD57" blockId="51.[168,696,192,1784]" box="[168,674,672,696]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA873166FF96FF0F7883FD84FD57" bold="true" box="[168,555,672,696]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Material not physically examined.</emphasis>
|
||||
Unknown.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA036953166FF96FF0F78E3FE58FD37" blockId="51.[168,696,192,1784]" box="[168,503,704,728]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA873166FF96FF0F78E3FE8AFD37" bold="true" box="[168,293,704,728]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Literature.</emphasis>
|
||||
None. New record.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA036953166FF96FF0F78C3FEBFFCB7" blockId="51.[168,696,192,1784]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA873166FF96FF0F78C3FEB2FD17" bold="true" box="[168,285,736,760]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Localities.</emphasis>
|
||||
Bukit Batok; Central Catchment Nature Reserve; MacRitchie Reservoir; Mandai Road; Sunset Way; Upper Thomson Nature Park.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C305651E3166FF96FF0F7943FEA6FBF8" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA036953166FF96FF0F7943FEA6FBF8" blockId="51.[168,696,192,1784]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA873166FF96FF0F7943FEDEFC97" bold="true" box="[168,369,864,888]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Habitat/Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||||
This species was found in both young and old/mature secondary forest, largely on shrubs or foliage. Individuals were sometimes collected by manual beating of vegetation, and in one instance, in a pitfall trap.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C305651E3166FF96FF0F7E03FC68FDB7" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA036953166FF96FF0F7E03FEE7FAF7" blockId="51.[168,696,192,1784]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA873166FF96FF0F7E03FEB3FBD7" bold="true" box="[168,284,1056,1080]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D163166FF96FE8E7E03FDD3FBD7" baseAuthorityName="Viehmeyer" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[297,636,1056,1080]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malaccana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA873166FF96FE8E7E03FDD3FBD7" box="[297,636,1056,1080]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Paraparatrechina malaccana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was originally recognized as a subspecies of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D163166FF96FD077E62FE04FB97" authority="(Forel, 1913)" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="butteli">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA873166FF96FD077E62FEB4FB97" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">P. butteli</emphasis>
|
||||
(Forel, 1913)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Based on our assessment of local specimens and comparisons with online
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54A488373166FF96FEAD7E83FE96FB57" box="[266,313,1184,1208]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
images and original descriptions, we believe that the subspecies
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D163166FF96FD827EE3FD35FB37" baseAuthorityName="Viehmeyer" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[549,666,1216,1240]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malaccana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA873166FF96FD827EE3FD35FB37" box="[549,666,1216,1240]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">malaccana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is distinct from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D163166FF96FECC7EC2FE64FB17" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[363,459,1248,1272]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="butteli">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA873166FF96FECC7EC2FE64FB17" box="[363,459,1248,1272]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">P. butteli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and should be raised to species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA036953166FF96FEAF7F03FB01FE57" blockId="51.[168,696,192,1784]" lastBlockId="51.[772,1248,192,600]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||||
Workers of both species can be differentiated based on the following (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D163166FF96FDB17F62FDD9FAB7" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[534,630,1344,1368]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Prenolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="butteli">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA873166FF96FDB17F62FDD9FAB7" box="[534,630,1344,1368]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">P. butteli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
traits in parentheses): 1) head rounded in full-face view, sides convex, eyes very wide apart from each other, positioned above transverse midline of head (head more elongate-oval, longer than wide, eyes positioned at transverse midline of head), 2) head with bluish-green sheen, rest of body mostly brownish with a faintly-metallic purple or violet sheen (head and body largely uniformly blackish brown or brown and shiny, but shimmer not coloured as in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4D163166FF96FF537C82FE2BF957" baseAuthorityName="Viehmeyer" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[244,388,1696,1720]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malaccana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96BEA873166FF96FF537C82FE2BF957" box="[244,388,1696,1720]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">P. malaccana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), 3) meso- and meta- pleura mostly smooth and shining (same lateral faces finely reticulate and weakly shining), 4) mid- and hind tibiae and tarsi pale-whitish, distal ends of femora articulating with those tibiae also distinctly pale-whitish, tibiae with faint traces of brown – intensity of brown traces varies among individuals (mid- and hind tibiae brown, distal ends of femora mostly pale-brown and not strongly contrasting with rest of brown femur, tarsi pale-whitish).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA036953166FF96FC937BE2FC68FDB7" blockId="51.[772,1248,192,600]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||||
We have also observed isometric size polymorphism amongst individuals from the same sample, with the smallest individuals of total length ~
|
||||
<quantity id="4CE79B703166FF96FC137803FC42FDD7" box="[948,1005,544,568]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="mm" value="1.0">1mm</quantity>
|
||||
, and larger individuals about
|
||||
<quantity id="4CE79B703166FF96FCE17863FC6CFDB7" box="[838,963,576,600]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5 – 2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,118 +1,121 @@
|
|||
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<mods:namePart id="A79F3EAB2D75FD8DE7A51C4E57D47F45">Casarotto, Cleisson de Cristo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F9D4B0AFBB68676C95AE65E7E69789E9">Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Campus Cascavel, Rua Universitária, 1619, 85819 - 110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil. (CCC) cleisson _ casarotto @ hotmail. com, (LMJ) leti. mj 21 @ gmail. com, (GJA) gabrielle _ antoniazzi @ hotmail. com, (VPM) vladimir. margarido @ unioeste. br, (RLL) roberto. lui @ unioeste. br (corresponding author).</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0C142C443811A7F53587916371C7A4E8" type="email">cleisson_casarotto@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="9887891025D4200837392C6E64B0D83A">Casarotto, Cleisson de Cristo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="52058251E0643E8D6B027748A127DAC4">Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Campus Cascavel, Rua Universitária, 1619, 85819 - 110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil. (CCC) cleisson _ casarotto @ hotmail. com, (LMJ) leti. mj 21 @ gmail. com, (GJA) gabrielle _ antoniazzi @ hotmail. com, (VPM) vladimir. margarido @ unioeste. br, (RLL) roberto. lui @ unioeste. br (corresponding author).</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="4D813FB1E302AECE6903F2F0E2EEAE94" type="email">cleisson_casarotto@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="243D99EB0B1A43D7C2405B483701B912">Laboratório de Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Av. André Araújo, 2936, 69060 - 001 Manaus, AM, Brazil. (CAGH) chrystianhaerter @ gmail. com.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="BDA108B0AEBBB434E7322FF0121C1812" type="email">chrystianhaerter@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="2D73BEB7B1F368C1853A2136860203CB">Haerter, Chrystian Aparecido Grillo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2C347FE58AF79685F2AF3E788A64C460">Laboratório de Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Av. André Araújo, 2936, 69060 - 001 Manaus, AM, Brazil. (CAGH) chrystianhaerter @ gmail. com.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A5B3E6BA336384C112F351BA9A870363" type="email">chrystianhaerter@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="0360AA05A0B74B373557D76FD28B0CF5">Perin, Diana Paula</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BCDA1F3B7642FFB497F2492FDEA49D28">Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020 - 900 Maringá, PR, Brazil. (DPP) dianapaulaperin @ gmail. com.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="20519DD686C8B872C5792F58D44EAC1F" type="email">dianapaulaperin@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="C32BC0886C7465999BA2BF71923D6441">Perin, Diana Paula</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="44710411FA175380C21E6AB42655E777">Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020 - 900 Maringá, PR, Brazil. (DPP) dianapaulaperin @ gmail. com.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="24EAA7DD55A18DDFD0C60C78E289DC1C" type="email">dianapaulaperin@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C488E1786EB160D205107EDC437406C1">Jesus, Letícia Marchiotti de</mods:namePart>
|
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<mods:affiliation id="DA5E0136B97378383CD156DAAED83321">Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Campus Cascavel, Rua Universitária, 1619, 85819 - 110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil. (CCC) cleisson _ casarotto @ hotmail. com, (LMJ) leti. mj 21 @ gmail. com, (GJA) gabrielle _ antoniazzi @ hotmail. com, (VPM) vladimir. margarido @ unioeste. br, (RLL) roberto. lui @ unioeste. br (corresponding author).</mods:affiliation>
|
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E56B024ADBFCED1A58C1064DC80504CE" type="email">leti.mj21@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
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<mods:namePart id="81BD386011D5D25AAC36B0CFBD8DA90C">Jesus, Letícia Marchiotti de</mods:namePart>
|
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<mods:affiliation id="EFA49C8AC42EA25A16634B3DFF1366F7">Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Campus Cascavel, Rua Universitária, 1619, 85819 - 110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil. (CCC) cleisson _ casarotto @ hotmail. com, (LMJ) leti. mj 21 @ gmail. com, (GJA) gabrielle _ antoniazzi @ hotmail. com, (VPM) vladimir. margarido @ unioeste. br, (RLL) roberto. lui @ unioeste. br (corresponding author).</mods:affiliation>
|
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="4883222A82F651A38E5E9439C377741F" type="email">leti.mj21@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
|
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<mods:namePart id="719F55747FC9DA3E7C3BF727D719ECF6">Antoniazzi, Gabrielle Jovana</mods:namePart>
|
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<mods:affiliation id="AFDA937F720BBFE86144D9BCEA3D7C2B">Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Campus Cascavel, Rua Universitária, 1619, 85819 - 110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil. (CCC) cleisson _ casarotto @ hotmail. com, (LMJ) leti. mj 21 @ gmail. com, (GJA) gabrielle _ antoniazzi @ hotmail. com, (VPM) vladimir. margarido @ unioeste. br, (RLL) roberto. lui @ unioeste. br (corresponding author).</mods:affiliation>
|
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0B46CB8AB3911043DA22DAC98F833055" type="email">gabrielle_antoniazzi@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
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<mods:namePart id="500A8760F81CD1B000BD725C99E6680D">Antoniazzi, Gabrielle Jovana</mods:namePart>
|
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<mods:affiliation id="AB2D30634C98E7C4326C31349DC2F69D">Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Campus Cascavel, Rua Universitária, 1619, 85819 - 110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil. (CCC) cleisson _ casarotto @ hotmail. com, (LMJ) leti. mj 21 @ gmail. com, (GJA) gabrielle _ antoniazzi @ hotmail. com, (VPM) vladimir. margarido @ unioeste. br, (RLL) roberto. lui @ unioeste. br (corresponding author).</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="798FE32F820C334F1F827683931AAB03" type="email">gabrielle_antoniazzi@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
|
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<mods:name id="6099DA557AF5D4236C43C93A1190142A" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="09264D601B1AFB847046A67BE1253F57">
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<mods:namePart id="21D32C2E487C885280369CD968026182">Blanco, Daniel Rodrigues</mods:namePart>
|
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<mods:affiliation id="655504132CBF56BDDDAA976215E53A16">Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Rua Cerejeira, 85892 - 000 Santa Helena, PR, Brazil. (DRB) danielrblanco @ utfpr. edu. br.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="30D7809FC261C0174CCE8E9E0448A471" type="email">danielrblanco@utfpr.edu.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
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<mods:namePart id="B6E6DCC644BB28CCE8DAACD67F007CED">Blanco, Daniel Rodrigues</mods:namePart>
|
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<mods:affiliation id="1E2901E0E0229E1A4912E099BA134C89">Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Rua Cerejeira, 85892 - 000 Santa Helena, PR, Brazil. (DRB) danielrblanco @ utfpr. edu. br.</mods:affiliation>
|
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<mods:identifier id="C725ED40885C3741505E147F2644E3C2" type="DOI">10.1590/1982-0224-2024-0015</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B3DB5A02053D68367D29F7DAB3DAF37E" type="Zenodo-Dep">15521796</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="48359F06FF9A5D3AFE4D007FF1DA9C3E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:48359F06FF9A5D3AFE4D007FF1DA9C3E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/48359F06FF9A5D3AFE4D007FF1DA9C3E" pageId="6">
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<treatment id="48359F06FF9A5D3AFE4D007FF1DA9C3E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15521808" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15521808" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:48359F06FF9A5D3AFE4D007FF1DA9C3E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/48359F06FF9A5D3AFE4D007FF1DA9C3E" pageId="6" scope_family="Auchenipteridae" scope_order="Siluriformes">
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<subSubSection id="88867D9BFF9A5D3AFE4D007FF70D9E35" box="[488,863,264,288]" pageId="6" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C0232E10FF9A5D3AFE4D007FF70D9E35" blockId="6.[486,1460,264,811]" box="[488,863,264,288]" pageId="6">The diploid number observed for</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||||
|
|
@ -128,7 +131,7 @@
|
|||
was 2n = 52 chromosomes (
|
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<quantity id="076483F5FF9A5D3AFAB1007EF1149E34" box="[1300,1350,265,289]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="6" unit="m" value="32.0">32m</quantity>
|
||||
+ 18sm + 2st, NF = 104), with no differences between the sexes (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="58A73295FF9A5D3AFBEA0059F0F59E53" box="[1103,1191,302,326]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[136,209,1724,1744]" captionTargetBox="[642,1446,896,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-249@6.[631,1459,880,1887]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2 | A. Karyotype of Tetranematichthys wallacei Stained with Giemsa; and B. Karyotype of T. wallacei sequentially submitted to C-banding. AgNORs presented in the box. Scale bar = 10 µm." pageId="6">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="58A73295FF9A5D3AFBEA0059F0F59E53" box="[1103,1191,302,326]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[136,209,1724,1744]" captionTargetBox="[642,1446,896,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-249@6.[631,1459,880,1887]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2 | A. Karyotype of Tetranematichthys wallacei Stained with Giemsa; and B. Karyotype of T. wallacei sequentially submitted to C-banding. AgNORs presented in the box. Scale bar = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15521800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15521800/files/figure.png" pageId="6">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Most heterochromatic blocks appeared pale and were located at the terminal regions; however, some pericentromeric blocks were also observed in pairs
|
||||
<quantity id="076483F5FF9A5D3AFB85000EF0149E84" box="[1056,1094,377,401]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" unit="m" value="2.0">2m</quantity>
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,
|
||||
|
|
@ -140,9 +143,9 @@ was 2n = 52 chromosomes (
|
|||
,
|
||||
<quantity id="076483F5FF9A5D3AFC3A00E9F7949EA3" box="[927,966,414,438]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="6" unit="m" value="5.0">5m</quantity>
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, 18sm, and 20sm (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="58A73295FF9A5D3AFB0500E9F0AB9EA3" box="[1184,1273,414,438]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[136,209,1724,1744]" captionTargetBox="[642,1446,896,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-249@6.[631,1459,880,1887]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2 | A. Karyotype of Tetranematichthys wallacei Stained with Giemsa; and B. Karyotype of T. wallacei sequentially submitted to C-banding. AgNORs presented in the box. Scale bar = 10 µm." pageId="6">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="58A73295FF9A5D3AFB0500E9F0AB9EA3" box="[1184,1273,414,438]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[136,209,1724,1744]" captionTargetBox="[642,1446,896,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-249@6.[631,1459,880,1887]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2 | A. Karyotype of Tetranematichthys wallacei Stained with Giemsa; and B. Karyotype of T. wallacei sequentially submitted to C-banding. AgNORs presented in the box. Scale bar = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15521800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15521800/files/figure.png" pageId="6">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with 18S rDNA probes revealed markings at the terminal positions on the long arm of pair 17sm in all analyzed specimens (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="58A73295FF9A5D3AFB1D009FF15D9D14" box="[1208,1295,488,513]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[489,562,1313,1333]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,162,1291]" captionTargetId="figure-117@7.[488,1459,162,1291]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3 | A. Karyotype of Tetranematichthys wallacei hybridized with 18S rDNA (green signal in pair 17) and 5S rDNA (red signal in pairs 8 and 10) probes, counterstained with DAPI. The 18S rDNA polymorphism, represented by an additional chromosome carrying the 18S rDNA sites (pair 7) are presented in the box. B. Methaphase plate of T. wallacei hybridized with telomeric probes under 77% of stringency. Scale bars = 10 µm." pageId="6">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="58A73295FF9A5D3AFB1D009FF15D9D14" box="[1208,1295,488,513]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[489,562,1313,1333]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,162,1291]" captionTargetId="figure-117@7.[488,1459,162,1291]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3 | A. Karyotype of Tetranematichthys wallacei hybridized with 18S rDNA (green signal in pair 17) and 5S rDNA (red signal in pairs 8 and 10) probes, counterstained with DAPI. The 18S rDNA polymorphism, represented by an additional chromosome carrying the 18S rDNA sites (pair 7) are presented in the box. B. Methaphase plate of T. wallacei hybridized with telomeric probes under 77% of stringency. Scale bars = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15521802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15521802/files/figure.png" pageId="6">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Additionally, three individuals (
|
||||
<specimenCount id="D69AE599FF9A5D3AFD0A0379F7739D33" box="[687,801,526,550]" count="2" pageId="6" type="male">two males</specimenCount>
|
||||
and
|
||||
|
|
@ -150,19 +153,19 @@ and
|
|||
) exhibited an additional 18S rDNA site on a single chromosome of pair
|
||||
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|
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, located at the terminal position of its short arm (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="58A73295FF9A5D3AFA230344F6599D64" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[489,562,1313,1333]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,162,1291]" captionTargetId="figure-117@7.[488,1459,162,1291]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3 | A. Karyotype of Tetranematichthys wallacei hybridized with 18S rDNA (green signal in pair 17) and 5S rDNA (red signal in pairs 8 and 10) probes, counterstained with DAPI. The 18S rDNA polymorphism, represented by an additional chromosome carrying the 18S rDNA sites (pair 7) are presented in the box. B. Methaphase plate of T. wallacei hybridized with telomeric probes under 77% of stringency. Scale bars = 10 µm." pageId="6">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="58A73295FF9A5D3AFA230344F6599D64" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[489,562,1313,1333]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,162,1291]" captionTargetId="figure-117@7.[488,1459,162,1291]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3 | A. Karyotype of Tetranematichthys wallacei hybridized with 18S rDNA (green signal in pair 17) and 5S rDNA (red signal in pairs 8 and 10) probes, counterstained with DAPI. The 18S rDNA polymorphism, represented by an additional chromosome carrying the 18S rDNA sites (pair 7) are presented in the box. B. Methaphase plate of T. wallacei hybridized with telomeric probes under 77% of stringency. Scale bars = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15521802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15521802/files/figure.png" pageId="6">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||||
, in box). No specimen in our sample exhibited two pairs completely marked (four chromosomes) with the 18S rDNA probes. The AgNORs were coincident with the 18S rDNA sites on pair 17 (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="58A73295FF9A5D3AFC8503D4F7259DAE" box="[800,887,675,699]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[136,209,1724,1744]" captionTargetBox="[642,1446,896,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-249@6.[631,1459,880,1887]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2 | A. Karyotype of Tetranematichthys wallacei Stained with Giemsa; and B. Karyotype of T. wallacei sequentially submitted to C-banding. AgNORs presented in the box. Scale bar = 10 µm." pageId="6">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="58A73295FF9A5D3AFC8503D4F7259DAE" box="[800,887,675,699]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[136,209,1724,1744]" captionTargetBox="[642,1446,896,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-249@6.[631,1459,880,1887]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2 | A. Karyotype of Tetranematichthys wallacei Stained with Giemsa; and B. Karyotype of T. wallacei sequentially submitted to C-banding. AgNORs presented in the box. Scale bar = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15521800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15521800/files/figure.png" pageId="6">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||||
, in box). FISHs with 5S rDNA probes showed this cistron is located at the proximal position of the short arm at the pairs
|
||||
<quantity id="076483F5FF9A5D3AFB4903BEF1429DF4" box="[1260,1296,713,737]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="6" unit="m" value="8.0">8m</quantity>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<quantity id="076483F5FF9A5D3AFAE303BEF12A9DF4" box="[1350,1400,713,737]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" unit="m" value="10.0">10m</quantity>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="58A73295FF9A5D3AFA2203BFF6599C13" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[489,562,1313,1333]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,162,1291]" captionTargetId="figure-117@7.[488,1459,162,1291]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3 | A. Karyotype of Tetranematichthys wallacei hybridized with 18S rDNA (green signal in pair 17) and 5S rDNA (red signal in pairs 8 and 10) probes, counterstained with DAPI. The 18S rDNA polymorphism, represented by an additional chromosome carrying the 18S rDNA sites (pair 7) are presented in the box. B. Methaphase plate of T. wallacei hybridized with telomeric probes under 77% of stringency. Scale bars = 10 µm." pageId="6">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="58A73295FF9A5D3AFA2203BFF6599C13" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[489,562,1313,1333]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,162,1291]" captionTargetId="figure-117@7.[488,1459,162,1291]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3 | A. Karyotype of Tetranematichthys wallacei hybridized with 18S rDNA (green signal in pair 17) and 5S rDNA (red signal in pairs 8 and 10) probes, counterstained with DAPI. The 18S rDNA polymorphism, represented by an additional chromosome carrying the 18S rDNA sites (pair 7) are presented in the box. B. Methaphase plate of T. wallacei hybridized with telomeric probes under 77% of stringency. Scale bars = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15521802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15521802/files/figure.png" pageId="6">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). FISH with the telomeric sequence (TTAGGG)
|
||||
<subScript id="5C182C55FF9A5D3AFB930389F06D9C19" attach="left" box="[1078,1087,766,780]" fontSize="6" pageId="6">n</subScript>
|
||||
revealed markings exclusively at the terminal regions, with no presence of interstitial telomeric sites (ITS) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="58A73295FF9A5D3AFA800264F1299C3E" box="[1317,1403,787,811]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[489,562,1313,1333]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,162,1291]" captionTargetId="figure-117@7.[488,1459,162,1291]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3 | A. Karyotype of Tetranematichthys wallacei hybridized with 18S rDNA (green signal in pair 17) and 5S rDNA (red signal in pairs 8 and 10) probes, counterstained with DAPI. The 18S rDNA polymorphism, represented by an additional chromosome carrying the 18S rDNA sites (pair 7) are presented in the box. B. Methaphase plate of T. wallacei hybridized with telomeric probes under 77% of stringency. Scale bars = 10 µm." pageId="6">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="58A73295FF9A5D3AFA800264F1299C3E" box="[1317,1403,787,811]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[489,562,1313,1333]" captionTargetBox="[488,1459,162,1291]" captionTargetId="figure-117@7.[488,1459,162,1291]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3 | A. Karyotype of Tetranematichthys wallacei hybridized with 18S rDNA (green signal in pair 17) and 5S rDNA (red signal in pairs 8 and 10) probes, counterstained with DAPI. The 18S rDNA polymorphism, represented by an additional chromosome carrying the 18S rDNA sites (pair 7) are presented in the box. B. Methaphase plate of T. wallacei hybridized with telomeric probes under 77% of stringency. Scale bars = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15521802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15521802/files/figure.png" pageId="6">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
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