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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64764" ID-GBIF-Dataset="91d7d983-931e-4bb3-8b29-76a899858de6" ID-PMC="PMC8137652" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-177-117" ID-Pensoft-UUID="8B6749499BF351A48FE9E63820E9762C" ID-PubMed="34040489" ModsDocID="1314-2003-177-117" checkinTime="1620977000368" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Greuter, Werner &amp; Rodriguez, Rankin" docDate="2021" docId="CC971C37BBB252558FBECB8BE69AB7B1" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 177: 117-124" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 177" docPubDate="2021-05-13" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64764" docTitle="Elytraria serpens Greuter &amp; R. Rankin 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="8B6749499BF351A48FE9E63820E9762C" lastPageNumber="117" masterDocId="8B6749499BF351A48FE9E63820E9762C" masterDocTitle="On a noteworthy habitat type in the savannahs of Central Cuba and a remarkable new species of Elytraria (Acanthaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="124" masterPageNumber="117" pageNumber="117" updateTime="1668140320888" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>On a noteworthy habitat type in the savannahs of Central Cuba and a remarkable new species of Elytraria (Acanthaceae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Greuter, Werner</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8677-7544</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Botanischer Grten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, FU Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">w.greuter@bgbm.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Rodriguez, Rankin</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Jardin Botanico Nacional, Universidad de La Habana, La Habana, Cuba</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-05-13</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>177</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>117</mods:start>
<mods:end>124</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64764</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.177.64764</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-177-117</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">8B6749499BF351A48FE9E63820E9762C</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182069425" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CC971C37BBB252558FBECB8BE69AB7B1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CC971C37BBB252558FBECB8BE69AB7B1" lastPageNumber="117" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<taxonomicName LSID="CC971C37-BBB2-5255-8FBE-CB8BE69AB7B1" authority="Greuter &amp; R. Rankin" authorityName="Greuter &amp; R. Rankin" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Elytraria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Elytraria serpens" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serpens" status="sp. nov.">Elytraria serpens Greuter &amp; R. Rankin</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="117">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2019-03-04" collectorName="Greuter, R. Rankin, I. Castaneda, A. Perez Obregon" country="Cuba" elevation="85" latitude="22.848612" location="Villa Clara" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-80.47278" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Villa Clara" typeStatus="holotypus">
<collectingCountry name="Cuba">Cuba</collectingCountry>
central, Prov.
<collectingRegion country="Cuba" name="Villa Clara">Villa Clara</collectingRegion>
, &quot;Municipio Corralillo: entre Las
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cañas">Canas</normalizedToken>
y el arroyo Clarita, alt.
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" unit="m" value="85.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" unit="m" value="85.0">85 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="55" value="22.848612">22°50'55&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="80" direction="west" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="22" value="-80.47278">80°28'22&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
. Sabana en suelo mocarrero (con capa superficial de
<normalizedToken originalValue="glomérulos">glomerulos</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="ferralíticos)”">ferraliticos)&quot;</normalizedToken>
,
<collectingDate value="2019-03-04">4-III-2019</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<collectorName>Greuter</collectorName>
29687
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<collectorName>R. Rankin</collectorName>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<collectorName>
I.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Castañeda">Castaneda</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>
A.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pérez">Perez</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Obregón">Obregon</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>holotypus</typeStatus>
PAL-Gr, isotypi: B #101145054 [Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Isotype of Elytraria serpens (B)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.177.64764.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/541767" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">3</figureCitation>
], HAJB, JE, ULV)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.177.64764.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/541767" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Isotype of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Greuter &amp; R. Rankin" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Elytraria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Elytraria serpens" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serpens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Elytraria serpens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(B).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
Planta perennis herbacea acaulis,foliis omnibus basalibus in rosulam humo accumbentem congestis. Folia anguste spatulata,
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2-4 cm</quantity>
longa et
<quantity metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" unit="mm" value="0.7" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.6">0.6-0.8 mm</quantity>
lata, subplana vel saepius transverse undulata, glabra vel praecipue in latere abaxiali ad costam
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
villosa, petiolo brevi (
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2-3 mm</quantity>
) pallide brunneo-villoso.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Pedunculi</emphasis>
graciles, 3-12 ex axillis rosulae basalis orientes, unus alterve brevis arcuate adscendens folia vix superans, praecipui autem tortuosi, stolonorum modo longe (
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="cm" value="20.0">20 cm</quantity>
vel ultra) subterranee repentes, omnes dense bracteis sterilibus squamiformibus subimbricatis obsiti.
<taxonomicName genus="Bracteae" lsidName="Bracteae steriles" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="steriles">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Bracteae steriles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sessiles, amplexicaules, subterraneae, extus glabrae, margine antrorsum ciliolatae, intus apicem versus minutissime glanduloso-papillosae; inferiores (subterraneae) ovato-triangulares, subacutae, stramineae, minimae (
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2 mm</quantity>
longae), superiores (aereae) gradatim majors,
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2-3 mm</quantity>
longae, acuminatae, virentes. Ad apicem pedunculorum nonnullorum
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">gemmae</emphasis>
jam florendi tempore foliiferae sed nondum radicantes conspiciuntur.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Inflorescentiae</emphasis>
spiciformes, densae,
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="cm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2 cm</quantity>
longae, bracteis imbricatis indutae, ad apicem pedunculorum singulae vel binae ternaeve congestae.
<taxonomicName genus="Bracteae" lsidName="Bracteae floriferae" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="floriferae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Bracteae floriferae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bracteis sterilibus superioribus non dissimiles sed majores, virides, ca.
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
longae et
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
latae, ovato-triangulares, acuminatae et breviter aristatae, infra glabrae sed apicem versus sub lente retrorso-pubescentes, margine cuncto antrorse ciliatae, intus minute glanduloso-papillosae.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<collectingCountry name="Indonesia">Flores</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
pauci, singulatim florentes.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Calyx</emphasis>
ca.
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
longus, bracteolis binis suffultus.
<taxonomicName genus="Bracteolae" lsidName="Bracteolae" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Bracteolae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bracteis conformes sed minores et angustiores, ca.
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
longae et
<quantity metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
latae.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Sepala</emphasis>
4 (sed sepalum abaxiale binerve et apice bidentatum), bracteolis majora, ca.
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
longa et
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
lata, extus glabra, margine apicem versus fimbriato-ciliata, intus minute antrorso-puberula.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Corolla</emphasis>
parva (ca.
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
longa), hypocrateriformis, albida, tubo subrecto, inconspicue sigmoideo, ca.
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
longo et
<quantity metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
crasso, limbo subregulari,
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
<normalizedToken originalValue="diámetro">diametro</normalizedToken>
, lobis expansis truncato-retusis.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Capsulae</emphasis>
(paucae perfectae) lineari-obpyriformes, ca.
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
longae et
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
latae, bivalvatae, valvis post dehiscentiam basi connatis apice arcuatim divergentibus.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Semina</emphasis>
(submatura?) ca. 12, quae dehiscencia peracta in capsula inclusa manent, pallide brunnea, glabra (etiamsi in acua inmersa), subanguloso-ellipsoidea, ca.
<quantity metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
longa et
<quantity metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
lata, sub lente rugulosa.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
Amongst Cuban
<taxonomicName genus="Acanthaceae" lsidName="Acanthaceae" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Acanthaceae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the two genera
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Elytraria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Elytraria" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Elytraria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Stenandrium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenandrium" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Stenandrium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Nees stand out, being small stemless herbs with basal leaves forming a rosette and flowers in terminal spikes borne on scapiform peduncles that emerge directly from the basal rosette. According to
<bibRefCitation author="Alain" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" refId="B1" refString="Alain, 1957. Flora de Cuba, 4. Dicotiledoneas: Melastomataceae a Plantaginaceae. Contribuciones Ocasionales del Museo de Historia Natural del Colegio &quot;De La Salle&quot; 16." title="Flora de Cuba, 4. Dicotiledoneas: Melastomataceae a Plantaginaceae. Contribuciones Ocasionales del Museo de Historia Natural del Colegio &quot; De La Salle &quot; 16." year="1957">Alain (1957)</bibRefCitation>
and other authors, these genera are best distinguished by the number of fertile stamens,
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
the first and
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
the second; but this character is not easily observed even when flowers are present. More obvious is the difference in the scapes or peduncles, which are naked in
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Stenandrium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenandrium" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Stenandrium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but densely beset with small scaly bracts in
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Elytraria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Elytraria" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Elytraria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In addition, the inflorescences of the latter genus are compact, surrounded by densely imbricate bracts, whereas, in
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Stenandrium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenandrium" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Stenandrium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, at least the lower flowers of each spike are distant from each other and their bracts do not overlap. Both genera have a major centre of diversity in the Caribbean. According to Greuter and Rankin
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rodríguez">Rodriguez</normalizedToken>
(2017), seven taxa (species and subspecies) of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Elytraria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Elytraria" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Elytraria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were known from
<collectingCountry name="Cuba">Cuba</collectingCountry>
, all endemic and 11 taxa of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Stenandrium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenandrium" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Stenandrium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, nine endemic. Worldwide (
<bibRefCitation author="PoWo" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" publicationUrl="http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/" refId="B10" refString="PoWo, 2021. PoWo, Plants of the World online. Kewscience. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/" title="PoWo, Plants of the World online. Kewscience." url="http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/" year="2021">PoWo 2021</bibRefCitation>
), 22 taxa are accepted in
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Elytraria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Elytraria" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Elytraria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: the seven Cuban ones, plus one from Hispaniola, eight from continental America, four from the African continent (one of them also grows in eastern
<collectingCountry name="India">India</collectingCountry>
) and two from
<collectingCountry name="Madagascar">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
. The genus
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Stenandrium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenandrium" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Stenandrium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is larger (65 taxa) and less homogeneous, as it includes several species with elongated stems and opposite leaves; it presents a very similar distribution and diversification pattern: 15 taxa from the Caribbean islands, 11 of them present and nine endemic in
<collectingCountry name="Cuba">Cuba</collectingCountry>
, more than 31 species from the American continent (22 from South America); and 19 African species, 10 of them endemic to
<collectingCountry name="Madagascar">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation author="PoWo" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" publicationUrl="http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/" refId="B10" refString="PoWo, 2021. PoWo, Plants of the World online. Kewscience. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/" title="PoWo, Plants of the World online. Kewscience." url="http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/" year="2021">PoWo 2021</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
Most of the seven Cuban endemics of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Elytraria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Elytraria" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Elytraria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have restricted ranges and five of the six species are threatened; one of them (
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. filicaulis" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="filicaulis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. filicaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) is considered as Critically Endangered (
<bibRefCitation author="Gonzalez-Torres, LR" journalOrPublisher="Revista del Jardin Botanico Nacional, Universidad de La Habana" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" refId="B6" refString="Gonzalez-Torres, LR, Palmarola, A, Gonzalez-Oliva, L, Becquer, ER, Teste, E, Barrios, D, 2016. Lista roja de la flora de Cuba. Bissea 10, Num Espec: 1-1." title="Lista roja de la flora de Cuba. Bissea 10, Num Espec: 1 - 1." year="2016">
<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Torres">Gonzalez-Torres</normalizedToken>
et al. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation author="Borhidi, A" journalOrPublisher="Acta Biologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" pagination="303 - 317" refId="B4" refString="Borhidi, A, Muniz, O, 1978. Notas sobre Acantaceas cubanas I. Oplonia y Elytraria. Acta Biologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 23: 303 - 317" title="Notas sobre Acantaceas cubanas I. Oplonia y Elytraria." volume="23" year="1978">
Borhidi and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Muñiz">Muniz</normalizedToken>
(1978)
</bibRefCitation>
, who proposed a determination key for the six taxa known at that time, distinguish species with papery leaves and 5-merous calyx from the others, with membranous leaves and 4-merous calyx. However, our data and the descriptions of other authors (
<bibRefCitation author="Leonard, EC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" pagination="443 - 447" refId="B9" refString="Leonard, EC, 1934. The American species of Elytraria. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 24: 443 - 447" title="The American species of Elytraria." volume="24" year="1934">Leonard 1934</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Dietrich, H" journalOrPublisher="Revista del Jardin Botanico Nacional, Universidad de La Habana" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" pagination="39 - 51" refId="B5" refString="Dietrich, H, 1982. Acanthaceae cubanae novae I. Elytraria bissei H. Dietrich, spec. nov. Revista del Jardin Botanico Nacional, Universidad de La Habana 3 (2): 39 - 51" title="Acanthaceae cubanae novae I. Elytraria bissei H. Dietrich, spec. nov." volume="3" year="1982">Dietrich 1982</bibRefCitation>
) suggest that the calyx always consists of four free sepals, but with the abaxial one slightly wider, 2-nerved and apically bidentate, that takes the place of two concrescent sepals. According to label data and protologue indications, at least four of the Cuban taxa of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Elytraria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Elytraria" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Elytraria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grow on ophiolitic substrates and can be considered serpentinophytes:
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. cubana" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="cubana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. cubana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. filicaulis" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="filicaulis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. filicaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authority="subsp. planifolia" lsidName="E. planifolia subsp. planifolia" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="subSpecies" species="planifolia" subSpecies="planifolia">E. planifolia subsp. planifolia</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. planifolia subsp. acunae" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="subSpecies" species="planifolia" subSpecies="acunae">E. planifolia subsp. acunae</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. bissei" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="bissei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. bissei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. spathulifolia" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="spathulifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. spathulifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are considered calcicolous, while the habitat of
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. shaferi" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="shaferi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. shaferi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, according to the collector, is an arid cliff-face in a serpentine area of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Holguín">
<collectingRegion country="Cuba" name="Holguin">Holguin</collectingRegion>
</normalizedToken>
(Sierra de Nipe, Woodfred mines).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
In its vegetative features,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Greuter &amp; R. Rankin" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Elytraria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Elytraria serpens" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serpens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Elytraria serpens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very similar to
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. bissei" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="bissei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. bissei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of limestone areas of southern
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guantánamo">
<collectingRegion country="Cuba" name="Guantanamo">Guantanamo</collectingRegion>
</normalizedToken>
(Abra de Mariana), which, however, has leaves hairy on both sides and subsessile spikes not exceeding the basal rosette; and it is akin to
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. shaferi" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="shaferi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. shaferi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with which it shares the pubescence of the outer face of the flower bracts. The species most closely related to ours is
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. cubana" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="cubana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. cubana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, for which the collector, on the label of the
<typeStatus>type</typeStatus>
specimen (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Shafer 2948</emphasis>
, NY), noted: &quot;Lvs. flat on ground, among rocks in red soil, stony hillsides&quot;. In this species, with leaves of similar dimensions and shape to ours, the peduncles are decumbent and flexuous, but much shorter than in
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. serpens" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="serpens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. serpens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, never subterranean, and the flower bracts, on the outside, are glabrous rather than pubescent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
In our opinion,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Greuter &amp; R. Rankin" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Elytraria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Elytraria serpens" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serpens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Elytraria serpens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
evolved from plants similar to
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. cubana" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="cubana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. cubana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by adapting itself to the particular edaphic conditions of its habitat. It takes advantage of the loose granular structure of the gravel layer that enables it to push its developing peduncles through it, hiding them underground, sheltered from the extreme drought and radiation at the surface, to produce apical buds at an appreciable distance from its origin, thus ensuring its vegetative spread. The specimens at hand suggest that fruit set is poor, perhaps due to inadequate pollination and that the explosive capsule dehiscence, normally ensuring seed dispersal in this family (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.40.40210" author="Greuter, W" journalOrPublisher="Willdenowia" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" pagination="285 - 304" refId="B7" refString="Greuter, W, Rankin Rodriguez, R, 2010. Notes on some endemic Cuban species of Ruelliinae (Acanthaceae), on their seeds, pollen morphology and hygroscopic features. Willdenowia 40 (2): 285 - 304, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.40.40210" title="Notes on some endemic Cuban species of Ruelliinae (Acanthaceae), on their seeds, pollen morphology and hygroscopic features." url="https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.40.40210" volume="40" year="2010">
Greuter and Rankin
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2010
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), is not fully functional.
</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="08D15FCEA71E5B6FD534D34AB388FD90" ID-CoL="LSNQ" authority="Young, 1986" authorityName="Young" authorityYear="1986" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Bidessodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bidessodes jucundus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jucundus">Bidessodes jucundus Young, 1986</taxonomicName>
Figs 61-66, 103
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<paragraph id="8E85DE5F292C7921804524198D142A47" pageId="19" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="C3E2EB93151EA2F3178B70B39763536B" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Bidessodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bidessodes (Bidessodes) jucundus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jucundus" subGenus="Bidessodes">
<pageBreakToken id="FC5432141F0C1E6134369C0E8FE26074" pageId="19" pageNumber="28" start="start">Bidessodes</pageBreakToken>
(Bidessodes) jucundus
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Young, 1986: 209;
<normalizedToken id="1375536979835C5513E2E45C30DE78F7" originalValue="Biström">Bistroem</normalizedToken>
, 1988: 7; Nilsson, 2016: 98.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C9ED8DD38573A3353915D814D8C9FB13" pageId="19" pageNumber="28">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E474077ADC48F57A65FBD649212F55A1" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="19" pageNumber="28">
This species does not have a carinate prosternum in either male or female. The prosternal process is longitudinally slightly impressed, the lateral margins are convergent to the pointed apex. The male mesotibia is basally abruptly curved (Fig. 66). The male metafemur is moderately broad and has a distinct denticle along the ventral margin apically and another near the apex of the trochanter (Fig. 65). Unlike other species, the lateral pronotal margins are not strongly curved (Fig. 61). The male abdominal ventrite VI is unmodified. The male median lobe is deeply bifurcate with each branch narrow and apically broadly expanded and spatulate in ventral aspect (Fig. 63). In lateral aspect the median lobe is narrow and abruptly and evenly curved (Fig. 62).
<pageBreakToken id="D2E85F9FB8C49020E8901D8E90692F59" pageId="20" pageNumber="29" start="start">The</pageBreakToken>
basal segment of the lateral lobe is very slender and small, and the apical segment is large and broadly round (Fig. 64).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="784852F84045F0B153BC2414A8E9A00C" pageId="20" pageNumber="29">
Figures 61-81.
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species. 61-66
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61 dorsal habitus, scale = 1 mm 62 male genitalia 62 median lobe, right lateral aspect 63 median lobe, ventral aspect 64 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 65 left metatrochanter and metafemur, anterior aspect, scale = 0.25 mm 66 left mesotrochanter, mesofemur and mesotibia, anterior aspect, scale = 0.25 mm 67-71
<taxonomicName id="2272B9548F019CFDAAFCD2B0AABDA2A9" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Bidessodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bidessodes knischi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="knischi">Bidessodes knischi</taxonomicName>
67 dorsal habitus, scale = 1 mm 68 male genitalia 68 median lobe, right lateral aspect 69 median lobe, ventral aspect 70 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 71 left metatrochanter and metafemur, anterior aspect, scale = 0.25 mm 72-76
<taxonomicName id="CE4E1C28A0439768B01E9B4730E53B1A" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Bidessodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bidessodes nessimiani" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessimiani">Bidessodes nessimiani</taxonomicName>
72 dorsal habitus, scale = 1 mm 73 male genitalia 73 median lobe, right lateral aspect 74 median lobe, ventral aspect 75 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 76 left metatrochanter and metafemur, anterior aspect, scale = 0.25 mm 77-81
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77 dorsal habitus, scale = 1 mm 78 male genitalia 78 median lobe, right lateral aspect 79 median lobe, ventral aspect 80 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 81 left metatrochanter and metafemur, anterior aspect, scale = 0.25 mm.
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F9A92190C42ABDD3C36837A228775064" pageId="20" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D1DBF48403B9A7BA9D839750AA575576" pageId="20" pageNumber="29">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D8CA1B60402FAE17F90FBA2714D5E67F" pageId="20" pageNumber="29">
The species is known from Brazil and Bolivia (Fig. 103).
<bibRefCitation id="D17F9D9EEA37DF7848F07CA54FDD2ED2" author="Young, FN" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Basiliensia" pageId="25" pageNumber="34" pagination="203 - 220" title="Review of the predaceous water beetles of the genus Bidessodes Regimbart (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)." volume="11" year="1986">Young (1986)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned a potential specimen from Panama, but this seems unlikely.
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<paragraph id="BFBD35891DA86170842902287F30005F" pageNumber="287">3. Renealmia foliis linearibus reclinatis, scapo simplici imbricato, spica simplici.</paragraph>
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Renealmia non ramosa squamata, &amp; floribus niveis.
<emphasis id="B2D6DDAD47BA2FF4D6D7C9ACF695AA7D" italics="true">Plum. gen. 37.</emphasis>
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="07AA5CD853589F04E2141D7D153B3514" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="5AE24731808093765D60C1F957386FDF" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="5C0E435A16E0A6418BBD9C32C45CA796" italics="true">Habitat in</emphasis>
America
<emphasis id="F0FF51CFC4E82BA156DE36F40E10A0F5" italics="true">meridionali.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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<taxonomicName LSID="CC9777D0-BD9E-071E-B94C-70595B8388EF" authority="Gassies, 1863" authorityName="Gassies" authorityYear="1863" class="Gastropoda" family="Planorbidae" genus="Bulimus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bulimus edwardsianus" order="Hygrophila" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="edwardsianus">Bulimus edwardsianus Gassies, 1863</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Placostylus species. A, i Placostylus fibratus goroensis (Souverbie in Souverbie and Montrouzier, 1870), syntype of Bulimus fibratus grammica Crosse, 1870 NHM 1929.9.14.15 (H = 111.3) B, ii Placostylus fibratus souvillei (Morelet, 1857), lectotype NHM 1893.2.4.1529 (H = 116.5) C, iii Placostylus porphyrostomus porphyrostomus (Pfeiffer, 1851), holotype of Bulimus singularis Morelet, 1857 NHM 1893.2.4.1530 (H = 70.0) D, iv Placostylus eddystonensis eddystonensis (Pfeiffer, 1855), lectotype NHM 1975230 (H = 73.3) E, v Placostylus eddystonensis savesi (Crosse, 1886), holotype NHM 1929.9.14.7 (H = 57.5) F, vi Placostylus caledonicus (Petit de la Saussaye, 1845), possible syntype of Bulimus edwardsianus Gassies, 1863 NHM 1883.11.10.1172 (H = 72.0). All reduced in size." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/16754" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 9F, 9vi</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gassies" authorityYear="1863" class="Gastropoda" family="Planorbidae" genus="Bulimus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hygrophila" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="edwardsianus">Bulimus edwardsianus</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Gassies, JB" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Conchology" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="B28" refString="Gassies, JB, 1863. Faune conchyliologique terrestre et fluvio-lacustre de la Nouvelle-Caledonie [part 1]. Paris, 126 pp. (also in Actes de la Societe Linneenne de Bordeaux 24: 211-330)." title="Faune conchyliologique terrestre et fluvio-lacustre de la Nouvelle-Caledonie [part 1]. Paris, 126 pp. (also in Actes de la Societe Linneenne de Bordeaux 24: 211 - 330)." year="1863">Gassies 1863</bibRefCitation>
: 40, pl. 4 fig. 2;
<bibRefCitation author="Breure, ASH" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 98" refId="B8" refString="Breure, ASH, Schouten, JR, 1985. Notes on and descriptions of Bulimulidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda), III. Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden 216: 1 - 98" title="Notes on and descriptions of Bulimulidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda), III." volume="216" year="1985">Breure and Schouten 1985</bibRefCitation>
: 60.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Petit" baseAuthorityYear="1845" class="Gastropoda" family="Bothriembryontidae" genus="Placostylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caledonicus">Placostylus caledonicus</taxonomicName>
(Petit);
<bibRefCitation author="Neubert, E" editor="Grandcolas, P" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="37 - 131" refId="B43" refString="Neubert, E, Cherel-Mora, C, Bouchet, P, 2009. Polytypy, clines, and fragmentation: The bulime s of New Caledonia revisited (Pulmonata, Orthalicoidea, Placostylidae). In: Grandcolas, P, Ed., , Zoologia Neocaledonica 7. Biodiversity studies in New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle 198: 37 - 131" title="Polytypy, clines, and fragmentation: The bulime s of New Caledonia revisited (Pulmonata, Orthalicoidea, Placostylidae)." volume="198" volumeTitle=", Zoologia Neocaledonica 7. Biodiversity studies in New Caledonia." year="2009">Neubert et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
: 104, fig. 171.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
[New Caledonia]
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Nékété">&quot;Nekete</normalizedToken>
, Kanala,
<normalizedToken originalValue="l’île">l'ile</normalizedToken>
Nu,
<normalizedToken originalValue="l’île">l'ile</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pôt”">Pot&quot;</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="label">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Label.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Nékété”">&quot;Nekete&quot;</normalizedToken>
, taxon label in
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gassies’">Gassies'</normalizedToken>
handwriting, marked
<normalizedToken originalValue="“T”">&quot;T&quot;</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="dimensions">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Dimensions.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">&quot;Long. 80 mill.-Diam. maj. 34 mill.&quot;; specimen figured herein H 72.0, D 36.5, W 6.7.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">NHMUK 1883.11.10.1172, one possible syntype (ex Gassies ex Marie).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<bibRefCitation author="Neubert, E" editor="Grandcolas, P" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="37 - 131" refId="B43" refString="Neubert, E, Cherel-Mora, C, Bouchet, P, 2009. Polytypy, clines, and fragmentation: The bulime s of New Caledonia revisited (Pulmonata, Orthalicoidea, Placostylidae). In: Grandcolas, P, Ed., , Zoologia Neocaledonica 7. Biodiversity studies in New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle 198: 37 - 131" title="Polytypy, clines, and fragmentation: The bulime s of New Caledonia revisited (Pulmonata, Orthalicoidea, Placostylidae)." volume="198" volumeTitle=", Zoologia Neocaledonica 7. Biodiversity studies in New Caledonia." year="2009">Neubert et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
consider this specimen a possible syntype; it is not the originally figured specimen.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="current systematic position">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Current systematic position.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Bothriembryontidae,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Placostylus caledonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Petit de la Saussaye, 1845).
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Reported from Greece by
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. Widely distributed in the Mediterranean (
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).
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3912602" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164810774" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3912602" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6D876EB9-CD81-4F1C-B227-EB7A210EDD18" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CC97DFBD5C11AF4141CC45925DE8DFFD" lastPageNumber="572" pageNumber="572" sourcePageUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/727483">
<subSubSection type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageNumber="572">
<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6D876EB9-CD81-4F1C-B227-EB7A210EDD18" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufa" status="spec. nov." zbkClass="Insecta" zbkKingdom="Animalia" zbkOrder="Hymenoptera">Vespa rufa</taxonomicName>
[
<taxonomicNameLabel rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection type="description">
<paragraph pageNumber="572">V. thorace lineolis punctisque duobus flavis, abdomine flavo antice ferrugineo.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageNumber="572">
<emphasis italics="true">Fn. svec.</emphasis>
998.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageNumber="572">
<emphasis italics="true">Reaum. ins.</emphasis>
6.
<emphasis italics="true">t.</emphasis>
14?
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection type="distribution">
<paragraph pageNumber="572">
<emphasis italics="true">Habitat in</emphasis>
Europa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>