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<emphasis id="B97DEAA9FFA4FF85FDD9FF25C35BF86D" box="[639,805,246,271]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="125">subtirbus nova</emphasis>
.
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<paragraph id="8BB636BBFFA4FF85FF2EFEC9C2FDF885" blockId="11.[136,1452,246,667]" pageId="11" pageNumber="125">Slender or robust terrestrial herbs with root tubers. Leaves 312, cauline, narrowly lanceolate or linear, sheathing at the base. Inflorescence a terminal, lax or dense raceme, often subcapitate; ovary not twisted. Flowers not resupinate. Sepals and petals subequal, linear to narrowly lanceolate, free. Labellum; similar, entire or minutely three-lobed, not spurred. Column with an elongate undifferentiated stalk; anther pendent, pollinia two, sectile, with two separate viscidia; stigma pad-like and tripulvinate or situated in a cavity under the rostellum; rostellum with two short lobes or three-lobed with large U-shaped central lobe.</paragraph>
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The
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is distinctive among subtribes in
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because it has thick column, non-resupinate flowers, subactinomorphic and Sepals and petals subequal.
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The genus of this subtribe is endemic to the
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of
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. They grow in comparatively dry, sandy or stony soils in mountain fynbos, and flower exclusively in the first year after a veld fire. Both species are genuinely rare, as they are infrequently seen, even after a fire.
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Lindl (1835: 301)
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.
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species:
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Lindl (1835: 301)
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.
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Lindl.
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is localized in the mountains north-east of Swellendam.
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Bolus.
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is widespread in the south-western parts of the province.
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<emphasis id="769DEAE71074FFBFFF758DA38146FA02" bold="true" box="[136,271,1424,1451]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Paris nitida</emphasis>
G.W.Hu, Z.Wang &amp; Q.F.Wang
</taxonomicName>
,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="6DAE579C1074FFBFFD868DA18299FA02" box="[635,720,1426,1451]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="DCD22A701074FFBFFD238DA18356FA02" box="[734,799,1426,1451]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[136,229,1960,1981]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,179,1931]" captionTargetId="figure-14@1.[196,1392,175,1935]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Paris nitida G.W.Hu, Z.Wang &amp; Q.F.Wang. (A) The habitat in the wild; (B) A plant with young fruit; (C) Rhizome; (D) Adaxial surface of leaf blade; (E) Abaxial surface of leaf blade; (F) A plant with 4-merous flower; (G) Stamens and gynoecium in lateral view; (H) A plant with 5-merous flower; (I) Transverse section of ovary, showing parietal placentas and white ovules, scale bar = 1 mm; (J) Young fruit; (K) Red-arillate seeds." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13686281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13686281/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="445636F51074FFBFFF758D8B8240F990" blockId="0.[136,1452,1389,1665]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
The new species differs from
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<emphasis id="769DEAE71074FFBFFE538D8B8224FA64" box="[430,621,1464,1485]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Paris caobangensis</emphasis>
Ji
<emphasis id="769DEAE71074FFBFFD718D8B82F6FA64" box="[652,703,1464,1485]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">et al.</emphasis>
(2006: 700)
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by its smaller individuals, stem only
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tall; leaf blades elliptic, thick membranous to subcoriaceous, lustrous adaxially; petioles only
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long; sepals elliptic; petals
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long, shorter than half length of sepals; stamen 410, in 12 whorls, filaments only
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long, free portion of connective
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long, rounded at apex; stigmas revolute.
</paragraph>
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:
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, under forest,
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, elev.
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, 7
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&amp;
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Z.
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HGW-01060 (
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).
</paragraph>
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Perennial herb, erect, glabrous. Rhizome thickened to cylindrical, oblique or horizontal, yellowish-brown outside, white and starchy inside,
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long,
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in diameter, fibrous roots borne only on the three newborn nodes. Stem simple, cylindric, green or purplish-red,
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tall,
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thick, surrounded by three white membranous scales at base, the scales left three inconspicuous rings of scars on the rhizome when they withered. Leaves
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a whorl at the top of stem; petioles 38(13) mm long; leaf blades elliptic, 5.57.5 ×
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, green, lustrous, thick membranous to subcoriaceous, apex acuminate, base cuneate or subrounded; triplinerved, middle vein obvious, net veins inconspicuous. Flower solitary and terminal; pedicel
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long, often purplish red; sepals (3)45, usually with same number as leaves, seldom 1 less than them, green and lustrous adaxially, pale green abaxially, elliptic, 3.54.2 ×
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, base cuneate or rounded, with a very short claw, apex acuminate, persistent; petals (3)45, filiform,
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long, shorter than half length of sepals, persistent, usually pendent under sepals, light green at lower 3/4 portion, green-yellow at upper 1/3 portion; stamens 410, in 12 whorls, filaments yellow-green,
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long, anthers golden yellow,
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long, free portion of connective
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long, rounded at apex; ovary ovoid, yellow-green at base, purplish red on the top, with (3)4(5) longitudinal ridges, carpels (3)4, unilocular with parietal placenta, anatropous ovules ovate, white, transparent, numerous, on two longitudinal rows along every placenta; style ca.
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long, style base purple, disciform; stigmas (3)4, free, ca.
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long, purple, revolute. Capsule spheroidal, with (3)4(5) longitudinal ridges, green at maturity,
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in diameter, irregularly dehisces between ridges. Seeds numerous, ovoid, white, wholly enveloped by red, fleshy and juicy aril.
</paragraph>
<caption id="1096667D1075FFBEFF758F9B81B2F780" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13686281" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13686281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13686281/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" startId="1.[136,229,1960,1981]" targetBox="[196,1391,179,1931]" targetPageId="1" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="445636F51075FFBEFF758F9B81B2F780" blockId="1.[136,1452,1960,2089]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<emphasis id="769DEAE71075FFBEFF758F9B8149F814" bold="true" box="[136,256,1960,1981]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="83E94D761075FFBEFEF58F9B82FEF814" authority="G. W. Hu, Z. Wang &amp; Q. F. Wang." authorityName="G. W. Hu, Z. Wang &amp; Q. F. Wang." box="[264,695,1960,1981]" class="Liliopsida" family="Melanthiaceae" genus="Paris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nitida">
<emphasis id="769DEAE71075FFBEFEF58F9B8135F814" box="[264,380,1960,1981]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Paris nitida</emphasis>
G.W.Hu, Z.Wang &amp; Q.F.Wang.
</taxonomicName>
(A) The habitat in the wild; (B) A plant with young fruit; (C) Rhizome; (D) Adaxial surface of leaf blade; (E) Abaxial surface of leaf blade; (F) A plant with 4-merous flower; (G) Stamens and gynoecium in lateral view; (H) A plant with 5-merous flower; (I) Transverse section of ovary, showing parietal placentas and white ovules, scale bar = 1 mm; (J) Young fruit; (K) Red-arillate seeds.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="1096667D1076FFBDFF758CB385D9FB74" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13686283" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13686283" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13686283/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" startId="2.[136,229,1152,1173]" targetBox="[185,1404,202,1120]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="445636F51076FFBDFF758CB385D9FB74" blockId="2.[136,1451,1152,1245]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
<emphasis id="769DEAE71076FFBDFF758CB380B7FB3C" bold="true" box="[136,254,1152,1173]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Pollen morphology of
<taxonomicName id="83E94D761076FFBDFE228CB383D6FB3C" authority="G. W. Hu, Z. Wang &amp; Q. F. Wang" authorityName="G. W. Hu, Z. Wang &amp; Q. F. Wang" box="[479,927,1152,1173]" class="Liliopsida" family="Melanthiaceae" genus="Paris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nitida">
<emphasis id="769DEAE71076FFBDFE228CB3821BFB3C" box="[479,594,1152,1173]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Paris nitida</emphasis>
G. W. Hu, Z. Wang &amp; Q. F. Wang
</taxonomicName>
under Scanning electron microscope (SEM) of pollen grains of
<taxonomicName id="83E94D761076FFBDFF198C9782E6FB10" authority="G. W. Hu, Z. Wang &amp; Q. F. Wang." authorityName="G. W. Hu, Z. Wang &amp; Q. F. Wang." box="[228,687,1188,1209]" class="Liliopsida" family="Melanthiaceae" genus="Paris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nitida">
<emphasis id="769DEAE71076FFBDFF198C97811EFB10" box="[228,343,1188,1209]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Paris nitida</emphasis>
G. W. Hu, Z. Wang &amp; Q. F. Wang.
</taxonomicName>
(A) Whole view, showing the shape of pollen grains; (B) Equatorial view; (C) Equatorial view, showing the germinal
<emphasis id="769DEAE71076FFBDFDFC8CFB8212FB74" box="[513,603,1224,1245]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">aperture;</emphasis>
(D) Exine ornamentation, regulate-reticulate. (Voucher specimen:
<emphasis id="769DEAE71076FFBDFB218CFB85CAFB74" box="[1244,1411,1224,1245]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Z. Wang wz-0661</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="445636F51076FFBDFF408E3981F7F97C" blockId="2.[136,1452,1294,2073]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
<emphasis id="769DEAE71076FFBDFF408E39811BF988" bold="true" box="[189,338,1546,1569]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Distribution:</emphasis>
—The new species is known from Jiugongshan Mountain and Taiyangshan Forest, Tongshan County, eastern
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and Daweishan Mountain, Liuyang County, eastern
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at elevations of
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. Our field investigations in western
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(Hongjiang County) and western
<collectingRegion id="862DF8171076FFBDFC408E6183B7F9C0" box="[957,1022,1618,1641]" country="China" name="Hubei" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Hubei</collectingRegion>
(Changyang County) found some more individuals of this species cultivated by local farmers, who stated that these plants were collected from the mountains around, but exact localities were unknown. It is possible that
<taxonomicName id="83E94D761076FFBDFD388EA9830DF918" box="[709,836,1690,1713]" class="Liliopsida" family="Melanthiaceae" genus="Paris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nitida">
<emphasis id="769DEAE71076FFBDFD388EA9830DF918" box="[709,836,1690,1713]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Paris nitida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a relatively wide distribution in South Central
<collectingCountry id="3CFE76651076FFBDFA918EA985E5F918" box="[1388,1452,1690,1713]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">China</collectingCountry>
and more studies are needed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="445636F51076FFBDFF408ED181F0F8B4" blockId="2.[136,1452,1294,2073]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
<emphasis id="769DEAE71076FFBDFF408ED181E8F950" bold="true" box="[189,417,1762,1785]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Ecology &amp; Habitat:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="83E94D761076FFBDFE418ED18274F950" box="[444,573,1762,1785]" class="Liliopsida" family="Melanthiaceae" genus="Paris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nitida">
<emphasis id="769DEAE71076FFBDFE418ED18274F950" box="[444,573,1762,1785]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Paris nitida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grows under forest at elevations of
<quantity id="83119B101076FFBDFC338ED18413F950" box="[974,1114,1762,1785]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.075" metricValueMax="1.42" metricValueMin="0.73" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="m" value="1075.0" valueMax="1420.0" valueMin="730.0">7301420 m</quantity>
. The vegetation in the areas is subtropical evergreen forest.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="445636F51076FFBDFF408F1985C6F8E8" blockId="2.[136,1452,1294,2073]" box="[189,1423,1834,1857]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
<emphasis id="769DEAE71076FFBDFF408F198174F8E8" bold="true" box="[189,317,1834,1857]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Phenology:</emphasis>
—The new species was observed in flower from March to May and in fruit from September to October.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="445636F51076FFBDFF408F7D857EF8CC" blockId="2.[136,1452,1294,2073]" box="[189,1335,1870,1893]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
<emphasis id="769DEAE71076FFBDFF408F7D8108F8CC" bold="true" box="[189,321,1870,1893]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Etymology:</emphasis>
—The epithetic
<taxonomicName id="83E94D761076FFBDFE128F7D8270F8CC" box="[495,569,1870,1893]" class="Liliopsida" family="Melanthiaceae" genus="Paris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nitida">“nitida</taxonomicName>
” refers to the shiny character of adaxial leaf surface of the new species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="445636F51076FFBDFF408F418504F7B0" blockId="2.[136,1452,1294,2073]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
<emphasis id="769DEAE71076FFBDFF408F4181AAF820" bold="true" box="[189,483,1906,1929]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">IUCN Red List Category:</emphasis>
—Three populations of
<taxonomicName id="83E94D761076FFBDFD1E8F41832BF820" box="[739,866,1906,1929]" class="Liliopsida" family="Melanthiaceae" genus="Paris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nitida">
<emphasis id="769DEAE71076FFBDFD1E8F41832BF820" box="[739,866,1906,1929]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Paris nitida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were found from Jiugongshan Mountain, Taiyangshan Forest, Daweishan Mountain in
<collectingRegion id="862DF8171076FFBDFE198FA5826CF804" box="[484,549,1942,1965]" country="China" name="Hubei" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Hubei</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="862DF8171076FFBDFDA68FA58345F804" box="[603,780,1942,1965]" country="China" name="Hunan" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Hunan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="3CFE76651076FFBDFCEA8FA58313F804" box="[791,858,1942,1965]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">China</collectingCountry>
. The species is considered Endangered (EN B2ab(v)) using the criteria set out by IUCN (2012) and
<collectingCountry id="3CFE76651076FFBDFD858F8982F1F878" box="[632,696,1978,2001]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">China</collectingCountry>
species red list (
<bibRefCitation id="20784B041076FFBDFC918F89847AF878" author="Wang, S. &amp; Xie, Y." box="[876,1075,1978,2001]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" refId="ref2912" refString="Wang, S. &amp; Xie, Y. (2004) China species red list. Higher Education Press, Beijing, 372 pp." type="book" year="2004">Wang &amp; Xie 2004</bibRefCitation>
) as it has been collected from only 3 sites, its known area of occupancy is less than
<quantity id="83119B101076FFBDFD668FED82A4F85C" box="[667,749,2014,2037]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="km" value="100.0">100 km</quantity>
<superScript id="B39C9BBD1076FFBDFD108FEE82BCF842" attach="left" box="[749,757,2013,2027]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">2</superScript>
and the number of mature individuals is in extreme fluctuation. However, due to its recent discovery, the full range of its distribution is unknown and further evaluation is needed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="445636F51077FFBCFF4088AC8297FE27" blockId="3.[136,1455,159,722]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<materialsCitation id="F4813CA81077FFBCFF4088AC841FFF73" collectingDate="2014-10-16" collectorName="H. D. Huang &amp; D. C. Bao" country="China" county="Tongshan County" elevation="730" location="Taiyangshan Forest" municipality="Xiapu Township" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Hubei">
<emphasis id="769DEAE71077FFBCFF4088AC8287FF1F" bold="true" box="[189,718,159,182]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<typeStatus id="9B5288571077FFBCFF4088AC827CFF1F" box="[189,565,159,182]" isOtherTypeStatus="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Additional specimens examined</typeStatus>
(
<typeStatus id="9B5288571077FFBCFDB788AC8288FF1F" box="[586,705,159,182]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
):
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="3CFE76651077FFBCFD1788AC8308FF1F" box="[746,833,159,182]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">CHINA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="862DF8171077FFBCFCAF88AC844CFF1F" box="[850,1029,159,182]" country="China" name="Hubei" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Hubei Province</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="AD374E791077FFBCFBEB88AC8492FF1F" box="[1046,1243,159,182]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Tongshan County</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="A432AC8F1077FFBCFB1088AC85E1FF1F" box="[1261,1448,159,182]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Xiapu Township</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="4136602E1077FFBCFF7588F08110FF73" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CC4087E31074FFBCFF758DA3837BFD7B:4136602E1077FFBCFF7588F08110FF73" box="[136,345,195,218]" country="China" county="Tongshan County" municipality="Xiapu Township" name="Taiyangshan Forest" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" stateProvince="Hubei">Taiyangshan Forest</location>
, elev.
<quantity id="83119B101077FFBCFE6688F081A9FF73" box="[411,480,195,218]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" unit="m" value="730.0">
<elevation id="CFC4D1C61077FFBCFE6688F081A9FF73" box="[411,480,195,218]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" unit="m" value="730.0">730 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="305710351077FFBCFE1788F082D7FF73" box="[490,670,195,218]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" value="2014-10-16">
<collectingDate id="2013E9DD1077FFBCFE1788F082D7FF73" box="[490,670,195,218]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" value="2014-10-16">16 October 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="769DEAE71077FFBCFD5588F0844DFF73" box="[680,1028,195,218]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<collectorName id="E91C53231077FFBCFD5588F08362FF73" box="[680,811,195,218]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">H.D. Huang</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="E91C53231077FFBCFCB688F083E7FF73" box="[843,942,195,218]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">D.C. Bao</collectorName>
001007
</emphasis>
(HIB!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="F4813CA81077FFBCFB9D88F08412FE8B" collectingDate="2016-04-08" collectingDateMax="2016-04-14" collectingDateMin="2016-04-08" collectorName="Hu &amp; Xu &amp; Wang" country="China" county="Liuyang County" elevation="930" latitude="28.416666" location="Yuquan Lake" longLatPrecision="1232" longitude="114.1" municipality="Daweishan Mountain" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hunan">
<geoCoordinate id="21DD50321077FFBCFB9D88F08481FF73" box="[1120,1224,195,218]" degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" precision="925" value="29.333334">29° 20 N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="21DD50321077FFBCFB2C88F0850BFF73" box="[1233,1346,195,218]" degrees="114" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" precision="925" value="114.5">114° 30 E</geoCoordinate>
, elev.
<quantity id="83119B101077FFBCFA7E88F080D6FF57" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" unit="m" value="930.0">
<elevation id="CFC4D1C61077FFBCFA7E88F080D6FF57" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" unit="m" value="930.0">930 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="305710351077FFBCFF5188D48170FF57" box="[172,313,231,254]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" value="2016-04-08">
<collectingDate id="2013E9DD1077FFBCFF5188D48170FF57" box="[172,313,231,254]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" value="2016-04-08">8 April 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="769DEAE71077FFBCFEB888D482C3FF57" box="[325,650,231,254]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
G.W.
<collectorName id="E91C53231077FFBCFE7F88D481EAFF57" box="[386,419,231,254]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Hu</collectorName>
&amp; Z.
<collectorName id="E91C53231077FFBCFE2188D481B2FF57" box="[476,507,231,254]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Xu</collectorName>
HGW-01061
</emphasis>
(HIB!).
<collectingRegion id="862DF8171077FFBCFD1788D483D5FF57" box="[746,924,231,254]" country="China" name="Hunan" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Hunan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="AD374E791077FFBCFC5588D48410FF57" box="[936,1113,231,254]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Liuyang County</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="A432AC8F1077FFBCFB9888D48506FF57" box="[1125,1359,231,254]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Daweishan Mountain</collectingMunicipality>
:
<location id="4136602E1077FFBCFAA788D48089FE8B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CC4087E31074FFBCFF758DA3837BFD7B:4136602E1077FFBCFAA788D48089FE8B" country="China" county="Liuyang County" latitude="28.416666" longLatPrecision="1232" longitude="114.1" municipality="Daweishan Mountain" name="Yuquan Lake" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" stateProvince="Hunan">Yuquan Lake</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="21DD50321077FFBCFF378938817BFE8B" box="[202,306,267,290]" degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" precision="925" value="28.416666">28° 25 N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="21DD50321077FFBCFEC0893881E7FE8B" box="[317,430,267,290]" degrees="114" direction="east" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" precision="925" value="114.1">114° 06 E</geoCoordinate>
, elev.
<quantity id="83119B101077FFBCFE0D8938820BFE8B" box="[496,578,267,290]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.42" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" unit="m" value="1420.0">
<elevation id="CFC4D1C61077FFBCFE0D8938820BFE8B" box="[496,578,267,290]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.42" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" unit="m" value="1420.0">1420 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="305710351077FFBCFDB0893882AAFE8B" box="[589,739,267,290]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" value="2016-04-14">
<collectingDate id="2013E9DD1077FFBCFDB0893882AAFE8B" box="[589,739,267,290]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" value="2016-04-14">14 April 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="769DEAE71077FFBCFD10893883ECFE8B" box="[749,933,267,290]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
Z.
<collectorName id="E91C53231077FFBCFCF48938830CFE8B" box="[777,837,267,290]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Wang</collectorName>
wz-0659
</emphasis>
(HIB!; HNNU!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="F4813CA81077FFBCFB9889388482FEEF" collectingDate="2016-04-14" collectorName="Wang" country="China" county="On" elevation="1330" latitude="28.416666" location="Chuanwodi" longLatPrecision="1232" longitude="114.1" municipality="Yuquan Lake" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCounty id="AD374E791077FFBCFB98893884CFFE8B" box="[1125,1158,267,290]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">On</collectingCounty>
the way from
<collectingMunicipality id="A432AC8F1077FFBCFAE3893885E2FE8B" box="[1310,1451,267,290]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Yuquan Lake</collectingMunicipality>
to
<location id="4136602E1077FFBCFF59891C816BFEEF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CC4087E31074FFBCFF758DA3837BFD7B:4136602E1077FFBCFF59891C816BFEEF" box="[164,290,303,326]" country="China" county="On" latitude="28.416666" longLatPrecision="1232" longitude="114.1" municipality="Yuquan Lake" name="Chuanwodi" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Chuanwodi</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="21DD50321077FFBCFED0891C81DFFEEF" box="[301,406,303,326]" degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" precision="925" value="28.416666">28° 25 N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="21DD50321077FFBCFE5C891C825CFEEF" box="[417,533,303,326]" degrees="114" direction="east" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" precision="925" value="114.1">114° 06 E</geoCoordinate>
, elev.
<quantity id="83119B101077FFBCFDA5891C82E2FEEF" box="[600,683,303,326]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.33" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" unit="m" value="1330.0">
<elevation id="CFC4D1C61077FFBCFDA5891C82E2FEEF" box="[600,683,303,326]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.33" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" unit="m" value="1330.0">1330 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="305710351077FFBCFD4A891C8306FEEF" box="[695,847,303,326]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" value="2016-04-14">
<collectingDate id="2013E9DD1077FFBCFD4A891C8306FEEF" box="[695,847,303,326]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" value="2016-04-14">14 April 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="769DEAE71077FFBCFCA7891C845AFEEF" box="[858,1043,303,326]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
Z.
<collectorName id="E91C53231077FFBCFC8B891C83FBFEEF" box="[886,946,303,326]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Wang</collectorName>
wz-0661
</emphasis>
(HIB!; HNNU!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="F4813CA81077FFBCFB2B891C8388FEC3" collectingDate="2016-04-14" collectorName="Wang" country="China" elevation="1280" latitude="28.416666" location="Chuanwodi" longLatPrecision="1232" longitude="114.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" specimenCount="1">
<location id="4136602E1077FFBCFB2B891C851DFEEF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CC4087E31074FFBCFF758DA3837BFD7B:4136602E1077FFBCFB2B891C851DFEEF" box="[1238,1364,303,326]" country="China" latitude="28.416666" longLatPrecision="1232" longitude="114.1" name="Chuanwodi" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Chuanwodi</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="21DD50321077FFBCFAA3891C80D7FEC3" degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" precision="925" value="28.416666">28° 25 N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="21DD50321077FFBCFF5589608150FEC3" box="[168,281,339,362]" degrees="114" direction="east" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" precision="925" value="114.1">114° 06 E</geoCoordinate>
, elev.
<quantity id="83119B101077FFBCFEA7896081E5FEC3" box="[346,428,339,362]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" unit="m" value="1280.0">
<elevation id="CFC4D1C61077FFBCFEA7896081E5FEC3" box="[346,428,339,362]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" unit="m" value="1280.0">1280 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="305710351077FFBCFE4B89608202FEC3" box="[438,587,339,362]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" value="2016-04-14">
<collectingDate id="2013E9DD1077FFBCFE4B89608202FEC3" box="[438,587,339,362]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" value="2016-04-14">14 April 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="769DEAE71077FFBCFDA889608344FEC3" box="[597,781,339,362]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
Z.
<collectorName id="E91C53231077FFBCFD8C896082E4FEC3" box="[625,685,339,362]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Wang</collectorName>
wz-0662
</emphasis>
(HIB!; HNNU!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="F4813CA81077FFBCFC3689608293FE27" collectingDate="2016-10-27" collectorName="Wang" country="China" elevation="1230" latitude="28.416666" location="Chuanwodi" longLatPrecision="1232" longitude="114.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" specimenCount="1">
<location id="4136602E1077FFBCFC3689608400FEC3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CC4087E31074FFBCFF758DA3837BFD7B:4136602E1077FFBCFC3689608400FEC3" box="[971,1097,339,362]" country="China" latitude="28.416666" longLatPrecision="1232" longitude="114.1" name="Chuanwodi" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Chuanwodi</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="21DD50321077FFBCFBAE896084F3FEC3" box="[1107,1210,339,362]" degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" precision="925" value="28.416666">28° 25 N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="21DD50321077FFBCFB398960857CFEC3" box="[1220,1333,339,362]" degrees="114" direction="east" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" precision="925" value="114.1">114° 06 E</geoCoordinate>
, elev.
<quantity id="83119B101077FFBCFA8B896080D6FE27" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.23" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" unit="m" value="1230.0">
<elevation id="CFC4D1C61077FFBCFA8B896080D6FE27" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.23" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" unit="m" value="1230.0">1230 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="305710351077FFBCFF5789448129FE27" box="[170,352,375,398]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" value="2016-10-27">
<collectingDate id="2013E9DD1077FFBCFF5789448129FE27" box="[170,352,375,398]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" value="2016-10-27">27 October 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="769DEAE71077FFBCFE968944826AFE27" box="[363,547,375,398]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
Z.
<collectorName id="E91C53231077FFBCFE7A8944818AFE27" box="[391,451,375,398]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Wang</collectorName>
wz-0699
</emphasis>
(HIB!; HNNU!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="445636F51077FFBCFF4089A8857CFD23" blockId="3.[136,1455,159,722]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<emphasis id="769DEAE71077FFBCFF4089A88194FE1B" bold="true" box="[189,477,411,434]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Taxonomic relationships:</emphasis>
—Morphologically, the new species
<taxonomicName id="83E94D761077FFBCFC9889A883ADFE1B" box="[869,996,411,434]" class="Liliopsida" family="Melanthiaceae" genus="Paris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nitida">
<emphasis id="769DEAE71077FFBCFC9889A883ADFE1B" box="[869,996,411,434]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Paris nitida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="83E94D761077FFBCFB8C89A88555FE1B" box="[1137,1308,411,434]" class="Liliopsida" family="Melanthiaceae" genus="Paris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caobangensis">
<emphasis id="769DEAE71077FFBCFB8C89A88555FE1B" box="[1137,1308,411,434]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">P. caobangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in characters such as the number of tepals equal to the leaves, triplinerved leaf blade, green calyxes, and seeds wholly enveloped by red, fleshy and juicy aril. Differences of the new species from
<taxonomicName id="83E94D761077FFBCFD0E89D083D7FE53" box="[755,926,483,506]" class="Liliopsida" family="Melanthiaceae" genus="Paris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caobangensis">
<emphasis id="769DEAE71077FFBCFD0E89D083D7FE53" box="[755,926,483,506]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">P. caobangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
include individuals much smaller, stem only
<quantity id="83119B101077FFBCFA7989D08083FDB7" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" unit="cm" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10 15 cm</quantity>
tall, leaf blades elliptic, thick membranous to subcoriaceous, lustrous; petioles only
<quantity id="83119B101077FFBCFBB48A3484E9FDB7" box="[1097,1184,519,542]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="3.0">38 mm</quantity>
long (vs. stem
<quantity id="83119B101077FFBCFABF8A3485E5FDB7" box="[1346,1452,519,542]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" unit="cm" value="32.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="30.0">3035 cm</quantity>
tall, leaf blades ovate-lanceolate, papery, petiole
<quantity id="83119B101077FFBCFD718A1882A6FDEB" box="[652,751,555,578]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" unit="cm" value="2.75" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.5">2.53 cm</quantity>
long in
<taxonomicName id="83E94D761077FFBCFCB98A1883A7FDEB" box="[836,1006,555,578]" class="Liliopsida" family="Melanthiaceae" genus="Paris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caobangensis">
<emphasis id="769DEAE71077FFBCFCB98A1883A7FDEB" box="[836,1006,555,578]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">P. caobangensis</emphasis>
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); sepals elliptic (vs. ovate-lanceolate in
<taxonomicName id="83E94D761077FFBCFA658A188150FDCF" class="Liliopsida" family="Melanthiaceae" genus="Paris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caobangensis">
<emphasis id="769DEAE71077FFBCFA658A188150FDCF" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">P. caobangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); petals
<quantity id="83119B101077FFBCFE888A7C81A4FDCF" box="[373,493,591,614]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" unit="cm" value="1.5" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.2">1.21.8 cm</quantity>
long, shorter than half of sepals (vs.
<quantity id="83119B101077FFBCFC878A7C8383FDCF" box="[890,970,591,614]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" unit="cm" value="7.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="6.0">69 cm</quantity>
long, longer than sepals in
<taxonomicName id="83E94D761077FFBCFB0D8A7C85D2FDCF" box="[1264,1435,591,614]" class="Liliopsida" family="Melanthiaceae" genus="Paris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caobangensis">
<emphasis id="769DEAE71077FFBCFB0D8A7C85D2FDCF" box="[1264,1435,591,614]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">P. caobangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); filaments only
<quantity id="83119B101077FFBCFED58A4081C9FD23" box="[296,384,627,650]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">35 mm</quantity>
long, stigmas revolute (vs. filaments
<quantity id="83119B101077FFBCFCEF8A4083C3FD23" box="[786,906,627,650]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" unit="cm" value="1.75" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="1.6">1.61.9 cm</quantity>
long, stigmas erect in
<taxonomicName id="83E94D761077FFBCFB878A40856CFD23" box="[1146,1317,627,650]" class="Liliopsida" family="Melanthiaceae" genus="Paris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caobangensis">
<emphasis id="769DEAE71077FFBCFB878A40856CFD23" box="[1146,1317,627,650]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">P. caobangensis</emphasis>
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).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="445636F51077FFBCFF408AA4837BFD7B" blockId="3.[136,1455,159,722]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
<emphasis id="769DEAE71077FFBCFF408AA4810DFD07" bold="true" box="[189,324,663,686]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Palynology:</emphasis>
—Pollen grains of
<taxonomicName id="83E94D761077FFBCFDE48AA482D2FD07" box="[537,667,663,686]" class="Liliopsida" family="Melanthiaceae" genus="Paris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nitida">
<emphasis id="769DEAE71077FFBCFDE48AA482D2FD07" box="[537,667,663,686]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Paris nitida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are prolate in polar view, moncolpate, regulate-reticulate, 40.842.5 × 18.320.8 (P [polar length] × E [equatorial length]) μm (
<figureCitation id="DCD22A701077FFBCFD1E8A88836CFD7B" box="[739,805,699,722]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1152,1173]" captionTargetBox="[185,1404,202,1120]" captionTargetId="figure-17@2.[175,1412,190,1126]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Pollen morphology of Paris nitida G. W. Hu, Z. Wang &amp; Q. F. Wang under Scanning electron microscope (SEM) of pollen grains of Paris nitida G. W. Hu, Z. Wang &amp; Q. F. Wang. (A) Whole view, showing the shape of pollen grains; (B) Equatorial view; (C) Equatorial view, showing the germinal aperture; (D) Exine ornamentation, regulate-reticulate. (Voucher specimen: Z. Wang wz-0661)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13686283" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13686283/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</treatment>
</document>