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<mods:title id="EC90926C5703D902238C67E45F94D075">Contributions on a small collection of the former Subulinidae Fischer &amp; Crosse, 1877 (Eupulmonata, Achatinoidea) with catalogue of the Glessula and Rishetia species recorded from Myanmar</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="43DE2BAD8384B2C6EC3D009917BCDB41">Man, Nem Sian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F92586041FC9E78AAA5ECA0A6C318380">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand &amp; Department of Zoology, University of Yangon, University Avenue Road, Kamayut Township 11041, Yangon, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8354520648B6F62B1BA86B3C5F647523">Ablett, Jonathan D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3E368589A2F668D1F6423C9BB13DD8B3">Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C9C82B3DE92B0FA6887F805BCC7CD692">Lwin, Ngwe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="188C98139057730916AC98F6ABC9C945">Fauna and Flora International, No. 35, 3 rd Floor, Shan Gone Condo, Myay Ni Gone Market Street, Sanchaung Township, Yangon, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="22788BEA274D1DFA88AC8E287E52047D">Sutcharit, Chirasak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6A378A4B76B464B0B10FACE0725CE90F">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D3A00D9F7D828A020A679CD5228D8B7D">Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="4DEFA9A0C6F6A8C53D0700024AF29D8E">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="01940F4C74CD58B580130427ECF65D0B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13137138" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13137138" ID-arpha="01940F4C-74CD-58B5-8013-0427ECF65D0B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:01940F4C74CD58B580130427ECF65D0B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/01940F4C74CD58B580130427ECF65D0B">
<subSubSection id="A658E9F218DFF45C29540AB95055722F" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="ACB40867464E2005B0D96F9BCE1F7B35">
<heading id="22EC333D4DB3659CFE6C25700A6613E9" reason="label">23</heading>
<taxonomicName id="1055420ACD4578E2AA40B948191C2F16" authority="(de Morgan, 1885)" baseAuthorityName="de Morgan" baseAuthorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="swettenhami">
<emphasis id="66BF27BF89B7FA68140C0EC0801AA31B" italics="true">Paropeas swettenhami</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="24ADB99A4B6B2350E1CFE076951B87E7" DOI="10.5962/bhl.part.14301" author="de Morgan J" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France" pagination="353-429" refId="B29" refString="de Morgan J (1885) Mollusques terrestes et fiuviatiles de Royaume de Perak et des pais voisins (presque'Ile Malaise). Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France 10: 353 - 429. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 14301" title="Mollusques terrestes et fiuviatiles de Royaume de Perak et des pais voisins (presqueIle Malaise)." volume="10" year="1885">de Morgan, 1885</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="89B2640FA72A70095F0974C535D24975" type="description">
<paragraph id="B3A806F8BE7EBB4C798D447425367A91">
<figureCitation id="E1D0BDE3FF2683FBA5CCD21E73D8103A" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. A C Opeas filiforme A lectotype SMF 227532 from Gulf von Siam: Samui-Inseln B, C specimen CUMZ 13074 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar D Paropeas swettenhami, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38930 from Malacca E Paropeas tchehelense, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38932 from Pérak, Mont Tchéhèl F Paropeas terebralis, syntype NHMUK 1888.12. 4.1081 from Shan States, Burma G, H Paropeas turricula G syntypes NHMUK 1859.8. 1.10 from Siam and H specimen CUMZ 13076 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar I L Paropeas walkeri I syntypes UMZC I. 103115. A from Andaman Island (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 56 e) J specimen NHMUK 1885.2. 18.1318 from Viper Id. Andamans K specimen CUMZ 13077 from Taunggyi Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture and L specimen CUMZ 13078 from Kalaw Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture. Photographs: V Gojšina &amp; B Páll-Gergely (A), P Bourguignon (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104510">Fig. 12 D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F49634DC74385014D421F1EB8663817E" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="2704F2EC86554840FA9AEDDB5DB5F22C">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="10694E7C9993996274344733B0DADF28">
<treatmentCitation id="B2785115CEA1B92EB2092F0CBA2E7D16" author="de Morgan J" page="389" year="1885">
<taxonomicName id="2093B88CA5E7E2520E3F0B5E13B7A3B9" ID-CoL="7T7S7" authority="de Morgan, 1885: 389" authorityName="de Morgan" authorityPageNumber="389" authorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="swettenhami">
<emphasis id="A165B4971E03A64AAD5FBB831FD3ED3A" italics="true">Stenogyra swettenhami</emphasis>
<comment id="62C923B060AD17599B7DEDC592FA40EF">
<bibRefCitation id="2BCAEC4ED8A2F0514199F07CE597D235" DOI="10.5962/bhl.part.14301" author="de Morgan J" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France" pagination="353-429" refId="B29" refString="de Morgan J (1885) Mollusques terrestes et fiuviatiles de Royaume de Perak et des pais voisins (presque'Ile Malaise). Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France 10: 353 - 429. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 14301" title="Mollusques terrestes et fiuviatiles de Royaume de Perak et des pais voisins (presqueIle Malaise)." volume="10" year="1885">de Morgan, 1885: 389</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 6, fig. 6. Type locality: G. Tchöra, près ďIpoh (Kinta) [Gunung Cheroh, Ipoh,
<collectingRegion id="0E848A41CE20C2CAE1D0ADC2EAA5343D" country="Malaysia" name="Perak">Perak State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="C1ADBE4C20709FA2CB911DD403AF2756" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
].
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7937720769CD606967EBACC057229E38">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="D08481477B4781516FF1F2D586651816">
<taxonomicName id="0AD1D96C68EBBF2E49070B9D4591AA1A" ID-CoL="7STC4" baseAuthorityName="de Morgan" baseAuthorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Prosopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="swettenhami">
<emphasis id="DB990132D902F7C986F423798373ADBE" italics="true">Prosopeas swettenhami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="DEFD6BF54108FDC8A5491EC56201C1BD">
<treatmentCitation id="5E7ED340E7B7D12F0543BEC23736C716" author="Pilsbry HA" page="32" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="11A7690E56EBA2EBF36DDF706DB33079" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" page="32" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906: 32</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 4, figs 11, 12.
<treatmentCitation id="F932AA633A5315FF9360A8B04FF25F4F" author="Laidlaw FF" page="216" year="1933">
<bibRefCitation id="53FB8757DB39982D51CC8A02FBA5B207" author="Laidlaw FF" firstAuthor="Laidlaw" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society" page="216" pagination="211-234" refId="B55" refString="Laidlaw FF (1933) A list of the land and fresh-water Mollusca of the Malay Peninsula. Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society 11: 211234." title="A list of the land and fresh-water Mollusca of the Malay Peninsula." volume="11" year="1933">Laidlaw 1933: 216</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44F0AF4D41879B727FB3C8823ED7D52E">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A6D6DD0E47035DF2773DFF6C842869E7">
<taxonomicName id="880F6638EBA02D58DA8F18A737F62185" ID-CoL="7T7S7" baseAuthorityName="de Morgan" baseAuthorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="swettenhami">
<emphasis id="434248CF080AA9DE0D81D019C0CE2F10" italics="true">Paropeas swettenhami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="103A14C981B13DA31971CD8660A4A06D">
<treatmentCitation id="529F3938329D1C3330A7527AF1CC4898" author="Naggs F" page="188" year="1994">
<bibRefCitation id="47372DE07CB00085890759CC0A99B18C" DOI="10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" author="Naggs F" firstAuthor="Naggs" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Molluscan Studies" page="188" pagination="175-191" refId="B65" refString="Naggs F (1994) The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae). The Journal of Molluscan Studies 60 (2): 175191. https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" title="The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae)." volume="60" year="1994">Naggs 1994: 188</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQGCK" type="Type specimen">
<paragraph id="60210CD07B16445162BEA2CDCADF8EE3">
<heading id="8C5E1680A12B139EFB3DB24D8EEBB221" reason="title">Type specimen.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="94E0F94CC112413AED214EC912154EF5">
<emphasis id="A98BF3F4B47C5CB92F972F8207E8AC40" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="530ADC851BC592E382C0422933DAB98D" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<named-content id="5BCDAB2DAFDA9B7B2C69061FA889988A" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/museum-national-dhistoire-naturelle-2" xlink_title="Muséum National ďHistoire Naturelle, Paris">
<collectionCode id="3843C80D362FDE6EE795E3AF5DB76019" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" type="">MNHN</collectionCode>
</named-content>
- IM- 2000-38930 (1 shell; Fig.
<figureCitation id="A42D6C697B0EF6251A7A7ECB10BADD1A" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. A C Opeas filiforme A lectotype SMF 227532 from Gulf von Siam: Samui-Inseln B, C specimen CUMZ 13074 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar D Paropeas swettenhami, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38930 from Malacca E Paropeas tchehelense, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38932 from Pérak, Mont Tchéhèl F Paropeas terebralis, syntype NHMUK 1888.12. 4.1081 from Shan States, Burma G, H Paropeas turricula G syntypes NHMUK 1859.8. 1.10 from Siam and H specimen CUMZ 13076 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar I L Paropeas walkeri I syntypes UMZC I. 103115. A from Andaman Island (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 56 e) J specimen NHMUK 1885.2. 18.1318 from Viper Id. Andamans K specimen CUMZ 13077 from Taunggyi Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture and L specimen CUMZ 13078 from Kalaw Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture. Photographs: V Gojšina &amp; B Páll-Gergely (A), P Bourguignon (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104510">12 D</figureCitation>
) from
<collectingCountry id="8F07BA65EE2384F783D511C533DF3577" name="Malaysia">Malacca</collectingCountry>
, G. Tchéhèl.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EEHCK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="A994D461C0F56DC9E950BCCF29F57E07">
<heading id="350E86182CCD4E152156E691DA99B9E2" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EAF5C5E7DB64C09EB5EAB9AC565FF5A0">Shell slender, elongate turreted and rapidly attenuated; apex pointed; subsequent whorls coarse with dense and fine radial striae. Suture wide and shallow, and whorls flattened. Aperture elongate ovate; columella concave.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EJHCK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8C85C2BB3FAD9E5CB6540B8DCFF86AD8">
<heading id="99D5DC018E901EA7E278852FC54661B4" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1D97E10A366D5E02F12BCAB8D4111147">
This species has been reported from
<collectingCountry id="44FC9F3AB1925267B35BCA12ABA8162F" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingRegion id="7ABEAB6783B4CD6148CDAEA1267B8A7D" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="672583E385A1A61293839FE39C470297" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2F9F3F29D3FC72D5CEAE7CC07299DE48" DOI="10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" author="Naggs" firstAuthor="Naggs" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Molluscan Studies" pagination="175-191" refId="B65" refString="Naggs F (1994) The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae). The Journal of Molluscan Studies 60 (2): 175191. https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" title="The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae)." volume="60" year="1994">Naggs 1994</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ETHCK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="940D7328A3B2ADFED0314B94FEEA82D8">
<heading id="8642AD2BFFCFA8BC760BF8A57FBE2B02" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EC786CB8B541971FAFE5F713C633353D">
<bibRefCitation id="7CDDA833333008A88D464A3A8C45F538" DOI="10.5962/bhl.part.14301" author="de Morgan J" firstAuthor="de Morgan" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France" pagination="353-429" refId="B29" refString="de Morgan J (1885) Mollusques terrestes et fiuviatiles de Royaume de Perak et des pais voisins (presqueIle Malaise). Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France 10: 353429. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.14301" title="Mollusques terrestes et fiuviatiles de Royaume de Perak et des pais voisins (presqueIle Malaise)." volume="10" year="1885">de Morgan (1885)</bibRefCitation>
describes
<taxonomicName id="C79FDB24EFF976DFFFE4D330A03FED9E" baseAuthorityName="de Morgan" baseAuthorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="swettenhami">
<emphasis id="7E38CB1104DC50C95E6C5620A190D808" italics="true">P. swettenhami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="0AD8CE2AB83AE2EBA6D0ECCBBC6A8C30" baseAuthorityName="de Morgan" baseAuthorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tchehelense">
<emphasis id="D85C7A71517176E81B255ABE095230D9" italics="true">P. tchehelense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
consecutively in the same publication and from a very close geographical area within
<collectingRegion id="2D55D3BD146091BDBD36F37A6FE3304A" country="Malaysia" name="Perak">Perak State</collectingRegion>
, Peninsular
<collectingCountry id="A9B8CB72978C081882E3A3AA148EE8B4" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
. Then
<bibRefCitation id="242563A39C3B7896706A08FCE4B5D5B1" DOI="10.1111/j.1096-3642.1891.tb01757.x" author="von Möllendorff OF" firstAuthor="von Mollendorff" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" page="337" pagination="330-348" refId="B117" refString="von Möllendorff OF (1891) On the land and freshwater shells of Perak. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 59 (3): 330348. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1891.tb01757.x" title="On the land and freshwater shells of Perak." volume="59" year="1891">von Möllendorff (1891: 337)</bibRefCitation>
suggests
<taxonomicName id="AFA6EAB4C2024C64AE4F21D1C8180DE8" authority="de Morgan, 1885" authorityName="de Morgan" authorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="swettenhami">
<emphasis id="7733A39316DDE22252102E753F321BE9" italics="true">Stenogyra swettenhami</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6EF42EAFFBAD18D0E6698A1FA7C32819" DOI="10.5962/bhl.part.14301" author="de Morgan J" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France" pagination="353-429" refId="B29" refString="de Morgan J (1885) Mollusques terrestes et fiuviatiles de Royaume de Perak et des pais voisins (presque'Ile Malaise). Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France 10: 353 - 429. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 14301" title="Mollusques terrestes et fiuviatiles de Royaume de Perak et des pais voisins (presqueIle Malaise)." volume="10" year="1885">de Morgan, 1885</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
as a slight variation of
<taxonomicName id="BDBEE70316C386588982FCEE755A1186" baseAuthorityName="de Morgan" baseAuthorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tchehelense">
<emphasis id="C1258F29670B77F201CACFB8049DDC82" italics="true">P. tchehelense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; therefore, some subsequent authors recognise the former as a synonym of the latter (i. e.,
<bibRefCitation id="C83842C445B6B6347686288E54261B84" author="Maassen" firstAuthor="Maassen" journalOrPublisher="De Kreukel" pagination="1-155" refId="B57" refString="Maassen WJM (2001) A preliminary checklist of the non-marine molluscs of West Malaysia. De Kreukel 2001: 1155." title="A preliminary checklist of the non-marine molluscs of West Malaysia." volume="2001" year="2001">Maassen 2001</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="406189B91B7E18FD287994EFCA7B49E7" DOI="10.14284/448" author="MolluscaBase" firstAuthor="MolluscaBase" refId="B61" refString="MolluscaBase eds (2023) MolluscaBase. https://www.molluscabase.org [in 202307 17] https://doi.org/10.14284/448" url="https://www.molluscabase.org" year="2023">MolluscaBase 2023</bibRefCitation>
). In contrast,
<bibRefCitation id="D1F4ABF96BF93ACCE37CE90020136D26" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" page="32" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry (1906: 32)</bibRefCitation>
argues that they differ in shell shape and structure. We have examined the
<typeStatus id="B3058ADF86DC3C8A8BCC0D671A65313C" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
of both species and agree with
<bibRefCitation id="A4D84A32C9479BEC4E52CB63953B9E06" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry (1906)</bibRefCitation>
that
<taxonomicName id="08BCD91BD6C363D944E5F0C9757FEA61" authorityName="de Morgan" authorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="swettenhami">
<emphasis id="8A7523157BED831CD076639F864D378B" italics="true">P. swettenhami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="01D75C2220003A8CDA02143F2EB8DE99" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. A C Opeas filiforme A lectotype SMF 227532 from Gulf von Siam: Samui-Inseln B, C specimen CUMZ 13074 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar D Paropeas swettenhami, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38930 from Malacca E Paropeas tchehelense, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38932 from Pérak, Mont Tchéhèl F Paropeas terebralis, syntype NHMUK 1888.12. 4.1081 from Shan States, Burma G, H Paropeas turricula G syntypes NHMUK 1859.8. 1.10 from Siam and H specimen CUMZ 13076 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar I L Paropeas walkeri I syntypes UMZC I. 103115. A from Andaman Island (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 56 e) J specimen NHMUK 1885.2. 18.1318 from Viper Id. Andamans K specimen CUMZ 13077 from Taunggyi Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture and L specimen CUMZ 13078 from Kalaw Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture. Photographs: V Gojšina &amp; B Páll-Gergely (A), P Bourguignon (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104510">12 D</figureCitation>
) differs from
<taxonomicName id="35E0F6A8C48369A87F80B562B2246497" baseAuthorityName="de Morgan" baseAuthorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tchehelense">
<emphasis id="B05C18F83C2935F9FDDCE4671BB914D7" italics="true">P. tchehelense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a slimmer shell, narrower aperture, cylindrical and rounded embryonic whorls.
<taxonomicName id="553C365A51300DE497B3C994461C5A77" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Prosopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tchehelense">
<emphasis id="CDBA71266EEFB04EA33A4FA0D117B75F" italics="true">Prosopeas tchehelense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="282B7353B64114E80DB5AF4A73AE1D60" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. A C Opeas filiforme A lectotype SMF 227532 from Gulf von Siam: Samui-Inseln B, C specimen CUMZ 13074 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar D Paropeas swettenhami, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38930 from Malacca E Paropeas tchehelense, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38932 from Pérak, Mont Tchéhèl F Paropeas terebralis, syntype NHMUK 1888.12. 4.1081 from Shan States, Burma G, H Paropeas turricula G syntypes NHMUK 1859.8. 1.10 from Siam and H specimen CUMZ 13076 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar I L Paropeas walkeri I syntypes UMZC I. 103115. A from Andaman Island (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 56 e) J specimen NHMUK 1885.2. 18.1318 from Viper Id. Andamans K specimen CUMZ 13077 from Taunggyi Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture and L specimen CUMZ 13078 from Kalaw Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture. Photographs: V Gojšina &amp; B Páll-Gergely (A), P Bourguignon (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104510">12 E</figureCitation>
) possesses a large, broad shell, wide aperture, convex, and rounded embryonic whorls.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70C6037CFAA55A7DEC6E68A28755508E">
No new materials of this species were found in this survey, and the type specimen is illustrated herein.
<bibRefCitation id="6FC54AE7AE7C1ACB4BA593A956C6761E" DOI="10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" author="Naggs F" firstAuthor="Naggs" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Molluscan Studies" pagination="175-191" refId="B65" refString="Naggs F (1994) The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae). The Journal of Molluscan Studies 60 (2): 175191. https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" title="The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae)." volume="60" year="1994">Naggs (1994)</bibRefCitation>
provisionally reported the occurrence of
<taxonomicName id="04FA02B72E41216EF2A4C6B27EFAFE58" authorityName="de Morgan" authorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="swettenhami">
<emphasis id="592F416CC2453E56A358B87F8E485F44" italics="true">P. swettenhami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingRegion id="106BC96FC54B134433D54BE6EBE655D4" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="E32EE50E88733ABC678F8ACD3F031E1B" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
. Considering the vast geographical distance between Perak and
<collectingRegion id="12C03B040B0D83A15EE0C0C516D1BD4E" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
, it may be that the specimens
<bibRefCitation id="99D5600C651D999DF9E1F339B1E53490" DOI="10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" author="Naggs F" firstAuthor="Naggs" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Molluscan Studies" pagination="175-191" refId="B65" refString="Naggs F (1994) The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae). The Journal of Molluscan Studies 60 (2): 175191. https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" title="The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae)." volume="60" year="1994">Naggs (1994)</bibRefCitation>
regarded as
<taxonomicName id="056D411EA1E77F1D343CCA89229B965B" authorityName="de Morgan" authorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="swettenhami">
<emphasis id="F7102BA04D11FC713C12B090567F15F0" italics="true">P. swettenhami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are, in fact,
<taxonomicName id="A8EAB92A1ADEFE3D642BC391F6A06C34" baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="terebralis">
<emphasis id="7137BA4E3A293FF93F2AD55479870782" italics="true">P. terebralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or another species. However, collecting topotypical material from
<collectingRegion id="E7FB80EE354D0F19C7E04A9C4F0AC990" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="25418B9EDECEFFFC5C7C9C28CD7C7246" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, is necessary to confirm the existence of this species in
<collectingCountry id="B314093FDB08F2DE8511A959230D9CE4" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
and the systematic relationship with
<taxonomicName id="6A36A9A039E8575C4F163A6D1095EB3B" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Prosopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tchehelense">
<emphasis id="16F97746CDABBB151D1D405569F97D26" italics="true">P. tchehelense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -1,75 +1,80 @@
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<mods:namePart id="8E14A9C27B5A6F8E8F57B89F57967341">Oliveira, Lia Pereira</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="104EFB180E8C560D637D536EC3879CDF" type="email">oliveiralp.bio@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:namePart id="41ED27F0F0B7D08BEAA42E3BAB71CD24">Oliveira, Lia Pereira</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AFA5792D025C38D2FA4CB82BE8C2468D">Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia (PPGENT / INPA), Manaus, AM, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="466F81BFA45EE5EB6A9024A3506EB47C">Henriques, Augusto Loureiro</mods:namePart>
<mods:namePart id="048D3ECC185244906B4A7F567A794D56">Henriques, Augusto Loureiro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3557F561FCD67150586A49A8A257DD0A">Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Manaus, AM, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9B20EA9DA7360C90453E9183B2F53B74" type="email">augusto.inpa@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="846F923AFC54323E620582C759A292AF">Buestán, Jaime</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0B85BFF2721CC29A4E0D305E27147DA2">Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Guayaquil, Av. Raúl Gómez Lince s / n y Av. Juan Tanca Marengo, Guayaquil, Ecuador.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="374113F05FFC95329E06A1270125920C" type="email">jaime_buestan@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:namePart id="BDE93B05BBB0F8EB5AEC66C373D7C1AE">Buestán, Jaime</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E5452D1B14EA45A32194A8E5B43528FA">Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Guayaquil, Av. Raúl Gómez Lince s / n y Av. Juan Tanca Marengo, Guayaquil, Ecuador.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="560FF0F63CFE0DDEFFB9E58B52C4F695" type="email">jaime_buestan@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="1BF933D11C4D56F19A2900543DA584D2">Krolow, Tiago Kütter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C5D60E96E4195C7AE73418C88D14344A">Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT), Laboratório de Entomologia (LabEnt), Porto Nacional, TO, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DA134C06F3871AC896B68DCDF71231C5" type="email">tkkrolow@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:namePart id="9186E0E8880CE39791DF1F038269DB69">Krolow, Tiago Kütter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DF0013A0F8C2681253BF3571466FB455">Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT), Laboratório de Entomologia (LabEnt), Porto Nacional, TO, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="069BA7D46CDC2795F1AAB8559C3D8EE9" type="email">tkkrolow@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="93700A2C486AEC95F86C8CF552CE8146">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C096653811E589388BCCA313AA356733">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="0391A312FFA1FFF56799075B08B5FD97" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8BD2F333-6B7B-4E04-8BF8-3CB2EA72C129" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0391A312FFA1FFF56799075B08B5FD97" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<subSubSection id="C322418FFFA1FFF66799075B08B0FBFA" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B871204FFA1FFF66799075B0FC5FB97" blockId="12.[364,1223,1034,1131]" box="[642,946,1034,1061]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<heading id="D0CFA568FFA1FFF66799075B0FC5FB97" box="[642,946,1034,1061]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C386987FFA1FFF66799075B0F38FB96" authorityName="Oliveira &amp; Henriques &amp; Buestán &amp; Krolow" authorityYear="2024" box="[642,847,1034,1060]" class="Insecta" family="Tabanidae" genus="Scione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="merianae" status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicName id="4C386987FFA1FFF66799075B0FC5FB97" authorityName="Oliveira &amp; Henriques &amp; Buestán &amp; Krolow" authorityYear="2024" box="[642,946,1034,1061]" class="Insecta" family="Tabanidae" genus="Scione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="merianae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94CCE16FFA1FFF66799075B0F38FB96" bold="true" box="[642,847,1034,1060]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Scione merianae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27F736DFFA1FFF6664C075A0FC5FB97" box="[855,946,1035,1061]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B871204FFA1FFF66477077F08B0FBFA" blockId="12.[364,1223,1034,1131]" box="[364,1223,1070,1096]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
@ -159,10 +164,12 @@ Oliveira, Henriques, Buestán &amp; Krolow
<collectingCountry id="F32F5294FFA1FFF665A604C00D3CF819" box="[189,331,1937,1963]" name="Ecuador" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="9D3ED98DFFA1FFF6647204C00DEFF819" box="[361,408,1937,1963]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(in good condition, but left hind leg with lost tarsus); same collection data as for holotype; “
(in good condition, but left hind leg with lost tarsus); same collection data as for
<typeStatus id="5483ACA6FFA1FFF665A604E50D50F87C" box="[189,295,1972,1998]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">holotype</typeStatus>
; “
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFA1FFF6642404E50DFCF87C" box="[319,395,1972,1998]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C-JB-</collectionCode>
: 8864” [white label] [specimen photographed];
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFA1FFF666D904E50860F87C" box="[962,1047,1972,1998]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm44-by7m" name="Museo Ecuadoriano de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">MECN</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFA1FFF666D904E50860F87C" box="[962,1047,1972,1998]" collectionName="Ecuador, Quito, Museo Ecuadoriano de Ciencias Naturales" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm44-by7m" name="Museo Ecuadoriano de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">MECN</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFA1FFF7612904E508CBFE91" collectionCode="MECN" country="Ecuador" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCode="C-JB- 8853" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
@ -170,7 +177,7 @@ Oliveira, Henriques, Buestán &amp; Krolow
(in good condition, but lost flagella and broken posterior wings margin); “
<specimenCode id="DB9EBA7FFFA0FFF7660002580FDDFE96" box="[795,938,265,292]" collectionCode="C-JB-" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C-JB- 8853</specimenCode>
” [white label];
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFA0FFF7617C025808CBFE91" box="[1127,1212,265,291]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm44-by7m" name="Museo Ecuadoriano de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MECN</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFA0FFF7617C025808CBFE91" box="[1127,1212,265,291]" collectionName="Ecuador, Quito, Museo Ecuadoriano de Ciencias Naturales" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm44-by7m" name="Museo Ecuadoriano de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MECN</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFA0FFF761C10258082AFEF4" collectionCode="MECN" country="Ecuador" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCode="C-JB 8857" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
@ -178,7 +185,7 @@ Oliveira, Henriques, Buestán &amp; Krolow
(in good condition, but flagella and right hind leg lost); “
<specimenCode id="DB9EBA7FFFA0FFF767C3027D0F2EFEF5" box="[728,857,300,327]" collectionCode="C-JB" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C-JB 8857</specimenCode>
” [white label];
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFA0FFF76113027D082AFEF4" box="[1032,1117,300,326]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm44-by7m" name="Museo Ecuadoriano de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MECN</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFA0FFF76113027D082AFEF4" box="[1032,1117,300,326]" collectionName="Ecuador, Quito, Museo Ecuadoriano de Ciencias Naturales" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm44-by7m" name="Museo Ecuadoriano de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MECN</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFA0FFF7616A027D0F4FFEDB" collectionCode="MECN" country="Ecuador" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCode="C-JB- 8856" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
@ -186,7 +193,7 @@ Oliveira, Henriques, Buestán &amp; Krolow
(in good condition, but lost flagella); “
<specimenCode id="DB9EBA7FFFA0FFF76481021E0E5FFED8" box="[410,552,335,362]" collectionCode="C-JB-" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C-JB- 8856</specimenCode>
” [white label];
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFA0FFF767F8021E0F4FFEDB" box="[739,824,335,361]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm44-by7m" name="Museo Ecuadoriano de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MECN</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFA0FFF767F8021E0F4FFEDB" box="[739,824,335,361]" collectionName="Ecuador, Quito, Museo Ecuadoriano de Ciencias Naturales" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm44-by7m" name="Museo Ecuadoriano de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MECN</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFA0FFF7664F021E0F69FE3F" collectionCode="MECN" country="Ecuador" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCode="C-JB- 8821" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
@ -194,13 +201,15 @@ Oliveira, Henriques, Buestán &amp; Krolow
(in good condition, but left flagellum and abdomen lost); “
<specimenCode id="DB9EBA7FFFA0FFF7649A02220E78FE3F" box="[385,527,371,397]" collectionCode="C-JB-" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C-JB- 8821</specimenCode>
” [white label];
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFA0FFF767D202220F69FE3F" box="[713,798,371,397]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm44-by7m" name="Museo Ecuadoriano de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MECN</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFA0FFF767D202220F69FE3F" box="[713,798,371,397]" collectionName="Ecuador, Quito, Museo Ecuadoriano de Ciencias Naturales" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm44-by7m" name="Museo Ecuadoriano de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MECN</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFA0FFF7662202220E4DFE02" collectionCode="MECN" country="Ecuador" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFA0FFF7662202220E4DFE02" collectionCode="MECN" country="Ecuador" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCode="C- JB- 8854" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D3ED98DFFA0FFF7662202220F11FE3F" box="[825,870,371,397]" count="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(poorly preserved, right flagellum lost); “C- JB- 8854” [white label];
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFA0FFF764FE02C70E4DFE02" box="[485,570,406,432]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm44-by7m" name="Museo Ecuadoriano de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MECN</collectionCode>
(poorly preserved, right flagellum lost); “
<specimenCode id="DB9EBA7FFFA0FFF7604C02220D5CFE03" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C- JB- 8854</specimenCode>
” [white label];
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFA0FFF764FE02C70E4DFE02" box="[485,570,406,432]" collectionName="Ecuador, Quito, Museo Ecuadoriano de Ciencias Naturales" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm44-by7m" name="Museo Ecuadoriano de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MECN</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFA0FFF7674F02C70EABFE61" collectionCode="MECN" country="Ecuador" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCode="C-JB- 8852" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
@ -208,14 +217,15 @@ Oliveira, Henriques, Buestán &amp; Krolow
(in good condition, but lost flagella and broken posterior wings margin); “
<specimenCode id="DB9EBA7FFFA0FFF7642C02E80DB0FE66" box="[311,455,441,468]" collectionCode="C-JB-" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C-JB- 8852</specimenCode>
” [white label];
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFA0FFF7679C02E80EABFE61" box="[647,732,441,467]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm44-by7m" name="Museo Ecuadoriano de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MECN</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFA0FFF7679C02E80EABFE61" box="[647,732,441,467]" collectionName="Ecuador, Quito, Museo Ecuadoriano de Ciencias Naturales" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm44-by7m" name="Museo Ecuadoriano de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MECN</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFA0FFF767E702E808C5FE44" country="Ecuador" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCode="C-JB- 8860" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFA0FFF767E702E808C5FE44" collectionCode="INPA" country="Ecuador" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCode="C-JB- 8860" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D3ED98DFFA0FFF767E702E80F5CFE61" box="[764,811,441,467]" count="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(in good condition, but right flagellum lost, left foreleg, right middle leg and left hind leg lost); “
<specimenCode id="DB9EBA7FFFA0FFF76606028D0FD9FE44" box="[797,942,476,502]" collectionCode="C-JB-" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C-JB- 8860</specimenCode>
” [white label]; INPA
” [white label];
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFA0FFF76169028D08C5FE44" box="[1138,1202,476,502]" collectionName="Brazil, Amazonas, Manaus, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazoonia, Colecao Sistematica da Entomologia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">INPA</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFA0FFF761CF028D0870FDAB" collectionCode="MECN" country="Ecuador" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCode="C-JB- 8855" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
@ -223,7 +233,7 @@ Oliveira, Henriques, Buestán &amp; Krolow
(in good condition, but right flagellum lost); “
<specimenCode id="DB9EBA7FFFA0FFF7677102AE0E80FDA8" box="[618,759,511,538]" collectionCode="C-JB-" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C-JB- 8855</specimenCode>
” [white label];
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFA0FFF766B502AE0870FDAB" box="[942,1031,511,537]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm44-by7m" name="Museo Ecuadoriano de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MECN</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFA0FFF766B502AE0870FDAB" box="[942,1031,511,537]" collectionName="Ecuador, Quito, Museo Ecuadoriano de Ciencias Naturales" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm44-by7m" name="Museo Ecuadoriano de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MECN</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
@ -315,10 +325,10 @@ vein, not seen in any of the females.
<caption id="DF47428CFFA3FFF465A604FB083CF855" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13120717" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13120717" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13120717/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" startId="14.[189,232,1962,1988]" targetBox="[189,1398,274,1923]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="8B871204FFA3FFF465A604FB083CF855" blockId="14.[189,1399,1962,2024]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B94CCE16FFA3FFF465A604FB0D7CF876" bold="true" box="[189,267,1962,1988]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C386987FFA3FFF4640904FB0DAEF876" authorityName="Oliveira &amp; Henriques &amp; Buestán &amp; Krolow" authorityYear="2024" box="[274,473,1962,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Tabanidae" genus="Scione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="merianae" status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicName id="4C386987FFA3FFF4640904FB0E4AF877" authorityName="Oliveira &amp; Henriques &amp; Buestán &amp; Krolow" authorityYear="2024" box="[274,573,1962,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Tabanidae" genus="Scione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="merianae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94CCE16FFA3FFF4640904FB0DAEF876" box="[274,473,1962,1988]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Scione merianae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27F736DFFA3FFF464FB04FA0E4AF877" box="[480,573,1963,1989]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</taxonomicName>
, ♀, holotype (MECN).
<emphasis id="B94CCE16FFA3FFF4664904FB0F10F876" bold="true" box="[850,871,1962,1988]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">A</emphasis>
. Habitus, dorsal view.

View file

@ -1,75 +1,80 @@
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” [red label]; “Neotropical,
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/ BMNH(E)2004-182/
” [red label]; “
<location id="8EE744DFFFABFFFC65DD059E0D21F95B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0391A312FFABFFF3676100B30946F9E7:8EE744DFFFABFFFC65DD059E0D21F95B" box="[198,342,1743,1769]" country="Ecuador" name="Neotropical" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" stateProvince="Tungurahua">Neotropical</location>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C386987FFABFFFC647A059E0DAEF95B" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[353,473,1743,1769]" class="Insecta" family="Tabanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
<location id="8EE744DFFFABFFFC647A059E0DAEF95B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0391A312FFABFFF3676100B30946F9E7:8EE744DFFFABFFFC647A059E0DAEF95B" box="[353,473,1743,1769]" country="Ecuador" name="Tabanidae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" stateProvince="Tungurahua">Tabanidae</location>
</taxonomicName>
/
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFABFFFC64EB059E0E11F95B" box="[496,614,1743,1769]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">BMNH(E</collectionCode>
)
<specimenCode id="DB9EBA7FFFABFFFC6775059E0EAAF95B" box="[622,733,1743,1769]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2004-182</specimenCode>
/
<specimenCode id="DB9EBA7FFFABFFFC67F505810F9CF95B" box="[750,1003,1743,1770]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">NHMUK 014428020</specimenCode>
” [white label];
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFABFFFC61BA05810963F958" box="[1185,1300,1744,1770]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
@ -150,7 +169,7 @@ Oliveira, Henriques, Buestán &amp; Krolow
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B871204FFABFFFD65A604650E83FEF5" blockId="6.[189,1398,1809,2011]" lastBlockId="7.[189,1398,265,327]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFABFFFC65A604650F85F8C3" collectingDate="1978-05-14" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="M. Cooper" country="Ecuador" elevation="3" location="Banos" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCode="NHMUK 014428024" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Tungurahua" typeStatus="paratype">
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFABFFFC65A604650F85F8C3" collectingDate="1978-05-14" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="M. Cooper" country="Ecuador" elevation="3" location="ECUADOR" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCode="NHMUK 014428024" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Tungurahua" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCountry id="F32F5294FFABFFFC65A604650D3CF8FC" box="[189,331,1844,1870]" name="Ecuador" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="9D3ED98DFFABFFFC647A04650DFBF8FC" box="[353,396,1844,1870]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
@ -160,7 +179,7 @@ Oliveira, Henriques, Buestán &amp; Krolow
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFABFFFC669804060F85F8C3" box="[899,1010,1879,1905]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFABFFFC611604060F8EF827" collectingDate="1978-05-14" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="M. Cooper" country="Ecuador" elevation="3" location="Banos" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCode="NHMUK 014428022" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Tungurahua" typeStatus="paratype">
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFABFFFC611604060F8EF827" collectingDate="1978-05-14" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="M. Cooper" country="Ecuador" elevation="3" location="Scione gertrudeae Oliveira" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCode="NHMUK 014428022" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Tungurahua" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D3ED98DFFABFFFC61160406084DF8C3" box="[1037,1082,1879,1905]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(in good condition); same data as for holotype; “
<specimenCode id="DB9EBA7FFFABFFFC64D2042B0EBBF826" box="[457,716,1914,1940]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">NHMUK 014428022</specimenCode>
@ -168,7 +187,7 @@ Oliveira, Henriques, Buestán &amp; Krolow
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFABFFFC6691042A0F8EF827" box="[906,1017,1915,1941]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFABFFFC610C042B0942F80A" collectingDate="1978-05-14" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="M. Cooper" country="Ecuador" elevation="3" location="Banos" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCode="NHMUK 014428023" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Tungurahua" typeStatus="paratype">
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFABFFFC610C042B0942F80A" collectingDate="1978-05-14" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="M. Cooper" country="Ecuador" elevation="3" location="Scione gertrudeae Oliveira" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCode="NHMUK 014428023" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Tungurahua" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D3ED98DFFABFFFC610C042B0831F827" box="[1047,1094,1914,1941]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(in good condition, right antenna flagellum lost); same data as for holotype; “
<specimenCode id="DB9EBA7FFFABFFFC660E04CC0863F805" box="[789,1044,1949,1975]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">NHMUK 014428023</specimenCode>
@ -176,7 +195,7 @@ Oliveira, Henriques, Buestán &amp; Krolow
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFABFFFC61DD04CF0942F80A" box="[1222,1333,1950,1976]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFABFFFD605704CC0F74FE91" collectingDate="1978-05-14" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="M. Cooper" country="Ecuador" elevation="3" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" location="Banos" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCode="NHMUK 014428021" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Tungurahua" typeStatus="paratype">
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFABFFFD605704CC0F74FE91" collectingDate="1978-05-14" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="M. Cooper" country="Ecuador" elevation="3" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" location="Scione gertrudeae Oliveira" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCode="NHMUK 014428021" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Tungurahua" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D3ED98DFFABFFFC605704CC0901F80A" box="[1356,1398,1949,1976]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(in good condition, right antenna flagellum lost); same data as for holotype; “
<specimenCode id="DB9EBA7FFFABFFFC61720490091BF869" box="[1129,1388,1985,2011]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">NHMUK 014428021</specimenCode>
@ -184,7 +203,7 @@ Oliveira, Henriques, Buestán &amp; Krolow
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFAAFFFD678F02580F74FE91" box="[660,771,265,291]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFAAFFFD660702580E87FEF5" collectingDate="1978-05-14" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="M. Cooper" country="Ecuador" elevation="3" location="Banos" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" specimenCode="NHMUK 014428025" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Tungurahua" typeStatus="paratype">
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFAAFFFD660702580E87FEF5" collectingDate="1978-05-14" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="M. Cooper" country="Ecuador" elevation="3" location="Scione gertrudeae Oliveira" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" specimenCode="NHMUK 014428025" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Tungurahua" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D3ED98DFFAAFFFD660702580F3FFE91" box="[796,840,265,291]" count="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(in good condition); same data as for holotype; “
<specimenCode id="DB9EBA7FFFAAFFFD65DC027D0DB0FEF5" box="[199,455,300,327]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="Museum">NHMUK 014428025</specimenCode>
@ -197,10 +216,10 @@ Oliveira, Henriques, Buestán &amp; Krolow
<caption id="DF47428CFFAAFFFD65A604FB0FD0F85A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13120711" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13120711" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13120711/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[189,232,1962,1988]" targetBox="[209,1379,454,1924]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8B871204FFAAFFFD65A604FB0FD0F85A" blockId="7.[189,1398,1962,2024]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B94CCE16FFAAFFFD65A604FB0D7AF876" bold="true" box="[189,269,1962,1988]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C386987FFAAFFFD640D04FA0D87F876" authorityName="Oliveira &amp; Henriques &amp; Buestán &amp; Krolow" authorityYear="2024" box="[278,496,1962,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Tabanidae" genus="Scione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gertrudeae" status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicName id="4C386987FFAAFFFD640D04FA0E2FF877" authorityName="Oliveira &amp; Henriques &amp; Buestán &amp; Krolow" authorityYear="2024" box="[278,600,1962,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Tabanidae" genus="Scione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gertrudeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94CCE16FFAAFFFD640D04FA0D87F876" box="[278,496,1962,1989]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Scione gertrudeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27F736DFFAAFFFD64E204FA0E2FF877" box="[505,600,1963,1989]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</taxonomicName>
, ♀, holotype (NHMUK).
<emphasis id="B94CCE16FFAAFFFD669604FB0FD5F876" bold="true" box="[909,930,1962,1988]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A</emphasis>
. Habitus, dorsal view.
@ -241,10 +260,10 @@ Oliveira, Henriques, Buestán &amp; Krolow
<caption id="DF47428CFFA5FFF265A404FB0FF9F85A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13120713" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13120713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13120713/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[191,234,1962,1988]" targetBox="[189,1398,576,1923]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8B871204FFA5FFF265A404FB0FF9F85A" blockId="8.[189,1398,1962,2024]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B94CCE16FFA5FFF265A404FB0D7AF877" bold="true" box="[191,269,1962,1989]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C386987FFA5FFF2640804FA0D9CF876" authorityName="Oliveira &amp; Henriques &amp; Buestán &amp; Krolow" authorityYear="2024" box="[275,491,1962,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Tabanidae" genus="Scione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gertrudeae" status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicName id="4C386987FFA5FFF2640804FA0E27F877" authorityName="Oliveira &amp; Henriques &amp; Buestán &amp; Krolow" authorityYear="2024" box="[275,592,1962,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Tabanidae" genus="Scione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gertrudeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94CCE16FFA5FFF2640804FA0D9CF876" box="[275,491,1962,1989]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Scione gertrudeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27F736DFFA5FFF264E804FA0E27F877" box="[499,592,1963,1989]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, paratype (NHMUK).
<emphasis id="B94CCE16FFA5FFF2666504FB0FE4F876" bold="true" box="[894,915,1962,1988]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
. Habitus, dorsal view.
@ -326,10 +345,10 @@ specimens (NHMUK 014428021 and NHMUK 014428025) have orange to brown second palp
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B871204FFA4FFF365A606A40946F9E7" blockId="9.[188,1399,1525,1622]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
The species most similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C386987FFA4FFF3670806A40EC2F9BD" authorityName="Oliveira &amp; Henriques &amp; Buestán &amp; Krolow" authorityYear="2024" box="[531,693,1525,1551]" class="Insecta" family="Tabanidae" genus="Scione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gertrudeae" status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicName id="4C386987FFA4FFF3670806A40F6AF9A2" authorityName="Oliveira &amp; Henriques &amp; Buestán &amp; Krolow" authorityYear="2024" box="[531,797,1525,1552]" class="Insecta" family="Tabanidae" genus="Scione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gertrudeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94CCE16FFA4FFF3670806A40EC2F9BD" box="[531,693,1525,1551]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">S. gertrudeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27F736DFFA4FFF367A406A70F6AF9A2" box="[703,797,1526,1552]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</taxonomicName>
are
<taxonomicName id="4C386987FFA4FFF3664F06A408AFF9BD" authority="(Schiner, 1868)" baseAuthorityName="Schiner" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[852,1240,1525,1551]" class="Insecta" family="Tabanidae" genus="Scione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculipennis">
<emphasis id="B94CCE16FFA4FFF3664F06A40865F9BD" box="[852,1042,1525,1551]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">S. maculipennis</emphasis>

View file

@ -1,75 +1,80 @@
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<mods:namePart id="FE280BEE9D1CFA7D5EFC44485D139707">Oliveira, Lia Pereira</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="EF3FC2E4882D1385B43F3953CCB2B456" type="email">oliveiralp.bio@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:namePart id="BC4711C42168606E7D7B382D16EAA7D1">Oliveira, Lia Pereira</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6184D57B7A7913B80FFE8080D0AF5DD3">Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia (PPGENT / INPA), Manaus, AM, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B525258130224AC529A47752C9CF6A67" type="email">oliveiralp.bio@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="C73E34AA65E6B93F5562442D8910632E">Henriques, Augusto Loureiro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9E157706DA19486855D1CE0E92F7825F">Buestán, Jaime</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="15BFB5C47F341455DF2AD5B39E63DEA8">Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Guayaquil, Av. Raúl Gómez Lince s / n y Av. Juan Tanca Marengo, Guayaquil, Ecuador.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="6FEDA220B84F0AA9671FD251225FE326">Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Guayaquil, Av. Raúl Gómez Lince s / n y Av. Juan Tanca Marengo, Guayaquil, Ecuador.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="EC3FF2F3AD26C4F0877B32AEA3D15878">Krolow, Tiago Kütter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="71DF81B7D6335FB43E459D2C5A80F258">Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT), Laboratório de Entomologia (LabEnt), Porto Nacional, TO, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="450CAAE2E9F782320347ECD83C72967F">Krolow, Tiago Kütter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3916A4FFA0B0D172E3F3507871C8248A">Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT), Laboratório de Entomologia (LabEnt), Porto Nacional, TO, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="B2EDF603895501443D8E951AFF061940">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="0391A312FFAFFFFC679401A108D2FC16" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13120705" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13120705" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:35288954-8BF0-484B-8E22-9A0D62118901" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0391A312FFAFFFFC679401A108D2FC16" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<subSubSection id="C322418FFFAFFFF8679401A108CFFC9C" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
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<heading id="D0CFA568FFAFFFF8679401A10FD2FCB9" box="[655,933,752,779]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C386987FFAFFFF8679401A10F35FCB8" authorityName="Oliveira &amp; Henriques &amp; Buestán &amp; Krolow" authorityYear="2024" box="[655,834,752,778]" class="Insecta" family="Tabanidae" genus="Scione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cooperi" status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicName id="4C386987FFAFFFF8679401A10FD2FCB9" authorityName="Oliveira &amp; Henriques &amp; Buestán &amp; Krolow" authorityYear="2024" box="[655,933,752,779]" class="Insecta" family="Tabanidae" genus="Scione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cooperi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94CCE16FFAFFFF8679401A10F35FCB8" bold="true" box="[655,834,752,778]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Scione cooperi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27F736DFFAFFFF8665001A00FD2FCB9" box="[843,933,753,779]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B871204FFAFFFF86460004208CFFC9C" blockId="2.[379,1208,752,849]" box="[379,1208,787,814]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
@ -147,14 +152,14 @@ Head, frontal view.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B871204FFA9FFFE65A601EC0DF2FCF2" blockId="4.[189,1399,665,832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFA9FFFE65A601EC0DF2FCF2" collectingDate="1984-05-06" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="M. Cooper" country="Peru" elevation="3" location="Matucana" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCode="NHMUK 014428039" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Lima" typeStatus="holotype">
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFA9FFFE65A601EC0DF2FCF2" collectingDate="1984-05-06" collectionCode="BMNH(E), NHMUK" collectorName="M. Cooper" country="Peru" elevation="3" location="Matucana" municipality="Matucana" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCode="2004-182, NHMUK 014428039" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Lima" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="F32F5294FFA9FFFE65A601EC0D7FFD65" box="[189,264,701,727]" name="Peru" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">PERU</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="9D3ED98DFFA9FFFE643201EC0D48FD65" box="[297,319,701,727]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="female"></specimenCount>
(in good condition, missing the hind right leg);
<collectingRegion id="49FCDCE6FFA9FFFE668D01ED0FA0FD64" box="[918,983,700,726]" country="Peru" name="Lima" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Lima</collectingRegion>
,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BE3887EFFA9FFFE66FC01EC0828FD65" box="[999,1119,701,727]" country="Peru" name="Matucana" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" stateProvince="Lima">Matucana</collectingMunicipality>
; elev.
<quantity id="4CC0BFE1FFA9FFFE61B401ED0961FD65" box="[1199,1302,700,727]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="2.6">
<elevation id="0015F537FFA9FFFE61B401ED0961FD65" box="[1199,1302,700,727]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="2.6">2.600 m</elevation>
@ -172,10 +177,12 @@ leg.; “
<emphasis id="B94CCE16FFA9FFFE678001B10F38FD4B" box="[667,847,736,762]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Scione cooperi</emphasis>
Oliveira
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/ Oliveira, Henriques, Buestán &amp; Krolow” [red label]; “Neotropical,
♀ / Oliveira, Henriques, Buestán &amp; Krolow” [red label]; “Neotropical,
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/ BMNH(E)2004-182/
/
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFA9FFFE661600520FFCFCAF" box="[781,907,771,797]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">BMNH(E)</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DB9EBA7FFFA9FFFE669000520F8DFCAF" box="[907,1018,771,797]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2004-182</specimenCode>
/
<specimenCode id="DB9EBA7FFFA9FFFE610A00520963FCAF" box="[1041,1300,771,797]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="Museum">NHMUK 014428039</specimenCode>
” [white label];
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFA9FFFE641400770D09FCF2" box="[271,382,806,832]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
@ -188,7 +195,7 @@ Oliveira
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B871204FFA9FFFE65A600DA0E06FC59" blockId="4.[189,1399,871,1003]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFA9FFFE65A600DA0E1DFC7A" collectingDate="1984-05-06" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="M. Cooper" country="Peru" elevation="3" location="Matucana" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCode="NHMUK 014428043" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Lima" typeStatus="paratype">
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFA9FFFE65A600DA0E1DFC7A" collectingDate="1984-05-06" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="M. Cooper" country="Peru" elevation="3" location="PERU" municipality="Matucana" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCode="NHMUK 014428043" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Lima" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCountry id="F32F5294FFA9FFFE65A600DA0D7FFC17" box="[189,264,907,933]" name="Peru" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">PERU</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="9D3ED98DFFA9FFFE643100DB0D2CFC17" box="[298,347,906,933]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
@ -198,7 +205,7 @@ Oliveira
<collectionCode id="ED298AC1FFA9FFFE64E000FF0E1DFC7A" box="[507,618,942,968]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFA9FFFE679C00FF0E1AFC59" collectingDate="1984-05-06" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="M. Cooper" country="Peru" elevation="3" location="Matucana" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCode="NHMUK 014428044" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Lima" typeStatus="paratype">
<materialsCitation id="3B501859FFA9FFFE679C00FF0E1AFC59" collectingDate="1984-05-06" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="M. Cooper" country="Peru" elevation="3" location="Matucana" municipality="Matucana" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCode="NHMUK 014428044" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Lima" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D3ED98DFFA9FFFE679C00FF0EC2FC7A" box="[647,693,942,968]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(in good condition); same data as for holotype; “
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@ -255,10 +262,10 @@ cell petiole reaching half length of r 5 cell petiole. Coxae black with grayish
<caption id="DF47428CFFA8FFFF65A604FB0805F85A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13120709" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13120709" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13120709/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" startId="5.[189,232,1962,1988]" targetBox="[207,1381,466,1924]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8B871204FFA8FFFF65A604FB0805F85A" blockId="5.[189,1398,1962,2024]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B94CCE16FFA8FFFF65A604FB0D79F876" bold="true" box="[189,270,1962,1988]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C386987FFA8FFFF640304FA0DBCF876" authorityName="Oliveira &amp; Henriques &amp; Buestán &amp; Krolow" authorityYear="2024" box="[280,459,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Tabanidae" genus="Scione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cooperi" status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicName id="4C386987FFA8FFFF640304FA0E41F877" authorityName="Oliveira &amp; Henriques &amp; Buestán &amp; Krolow" authorityYear="2024" box="[280,566,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Tabanidae" genus="Scione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cooperi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94CCE16FFA8FFFF640304FA0DBCF876" box="[280,459,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Scione cooperi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27F736DFFA8FFFF64CD04FA0E41F877" box="[470,566,1963,1989]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, paratype (NHMUK).
<emphasis id="B94CCE16FFA8FFFF667504FB0FF4F876" bold="true" box="[878,899,1962,1988]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A</emphasis>
. Habitus, dorsal view.

View file

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<mods:title id="AA0DF8F17A01FF649E7DB73B1F797C6D">Contributions on a small collection of the former Subulinidae Fischer &amp; Crosse, 1877 (Eupulmonata, Achatinoidea) with catalogue of the Glessula and Rishetia species recorded from Myanmar</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0B23C01F83816F407721DBE7612AFC19">Man, Nem Sian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5429E617DE5E3F7D1F8E9BCFA76048E2">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand &amp; Department of Zoology, University of Yangon, University Avenue Road, Kamayut Township 11041, Yangon, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AF8F3575C8422101A1D412D01CF70331">Ablett, Jonathan D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="977B46A1EF542388644EB685EF60B9EA">Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="B5A95C0042C27A406E116F709477308A">Lwin, Ngwe</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4EF8D068EC0FFC50552F93BE3C71D349" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4394-3741</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="A646BE468DEDA5BCAA94FD63CCFA4E4A">Fauna and Flora International, No. 35, 3 rd Floor, Shan Gone Condo, Myay Ni Gone Market Street, Sanchaung Township, Yangon, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EC925A86E509B65EA5AD8447FB76C499">Sutcharit, Chirasak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C68F2129E6CFBA78C73CD3385B2426B4">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="F7926AFC343611670EB86BE797642DD4" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D1609EC32AF875865FC686CF40D0AD21">Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="21EF7AB7EA8C6EF16276C0D0BF0C0376">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand &amp; Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="348D2EC973AE1C60217619B732D8A9DD">2024</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="E74F3AB790EF06E7E0D0FF149FB2A8F8" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="30C0A765911DC06B0CF682F76952C01A">
<heading id="3AE76BF6B43FE8B984FAE7CE59048275" reason="label">30</heading>
<taxonomicName id="C1C127B12A9387ACAE03FDC8DC1F6EE7" authority="(Godwin-Austen, 1920)" baseAuthorityName="Godwin-Austen" baseAuthorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="burrailensis" subSpecies="maxwelli">
<emphasis id="E55C90B5473DCB7F1732729473BF6C23" italics="true">Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D6BC3B6D1BDABD366BB2F81E05D726EF" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2450291558CBF2841BC93013E24520CA" type="description">
<paragraph id="89026183D5B1149E219887476D3D1163">
<figureCitation id="4C66356CF05E4454ECF0EF64C4D42C33" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. A C Rishetia akouktoungensis, syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2207 from Akouktoung, Pegu D Rishetia baculina, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.9 from Kursiong, Darjiling E, F Rishetia basseinensis, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.19 from Bassein G I Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli G holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 1 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima H specimen NHMUK 1988147 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, west of Kyengdwen River, Burma and I paratypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 24 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104511">Figs 13 G I</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="38F0C0DBC3BE41482D606C6803406B60" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. A C Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli A, B specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3742 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Burma and C specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3744 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Burma D Rishetia hastula, neotype NHMUK 1906.1. 1.880 from Darjiling E, F Rishetia kentungensis, syntypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3650 from Mong Sing, Siam Boundary G Rishetia limborgi, holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3200 from Tenasserim H, I Rishetia nathiana, syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2206 from Bassein District." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104512">14 A C</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="F68642E0514A6EB82EC04D2A4CBDA5FC" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="F67D843CD0A473EFC4EFD4F6989EB81D">
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<taxonomicName id="F90123922B434511ADBCEC61FC7B5139" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1920: 45" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityPageNumber="45" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="burrailensis" subGenus="Rishetia" variety="maxwelli">
<emphasis id="110AFC23D6983E5B9E818762B39C359B" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="672812273BC33908D4F966E421CD1C9A" italics="true">Rishetia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="103814CE9F3010E023119D01E44127CE" italics="true">burrailensis</emphasis>
<comment id="5D76996F6AC0475E33CBFAB42B21C05F">
, var.
<emphasis id="BBFAA96AFE6B084400D79CA8B54F74F5" italics="true">maxwelli</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="986CE7E8F0967F49AD7CA157EDB642F3" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920: 45</bibRefCitation>
, 46, pl. 160, figs 5, 6. Type locality: Naga Hills, east of Kohima and Somra, Khulen Post. West of Kyendwin or Chindwin River, Upper
<collectingCountry id="F98F805287BF118E052B92234FC9BB09" name="Myanmar">Burma</collectingCountry>
.
</comment>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="461CD8133A28208D010B03BD7E9E90A9">
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<taxonomicName id="51FF73E7498273E3E722A1879CD57EE7" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="burrailensis" variety="maxwelli">
<emphasis id="DBF869A9AE7F1AA4451BEC432C245117" italics="true">Glessula burrailensis</emphasis>
<comment id="2045087CCE6515B67F5226586E2C0F82">
, var.
<emphasis id="E5B98F8582C9006A43D9B09ED7F5E31A" italics="true">maxwelli</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="DFFD58F66886B597A7BA6C34D267626F" author="Godwin-Austen HH" page="61" year="1920">
<bibRefCitation id="BC870E5AF1B0935CE6ECA8B9D2DD63F1" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="61" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920: 61</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. Type locality: Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Upper
<collectingCountry id="6869DCA8B391E3863A6E601408E10725" name="Myanmar">Burma</collectingCountry>
.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EOGEK" type="Type specimens">
<paragraph id="0AE639C4B71CB19CB0C284EC50E1812C">
<heading id="8FA0E210575BDD13162B4D65A8B8D2EC" reason="title">Type specimens.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D1C88EF044384ED0DA5EB98E7F1BEF3">
<materialsCitation id="B318366EFB10045330E9D7BA8756819E" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="Godwin-Austen" county="Godwin-Austen" location="Naga Hills" municipality="Kohima" specimenCode="NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Naga" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="E37055FC0AACCBDBFEFC71DD0D546B38" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="C2E4C0A54DA5CE1D2DA6F6F7AD20A8FF" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
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<named-content id="61474E64571F06715467E05CE57DFB2F" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1903.7. 1.1717
</specimenCode>
/ 1 (Fig.
<figureCitation id="14C59386FC209E202C5B79BDCB18227D" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. A C Rishetia akouktoungensis, syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2207 from Akouktoung, Pegu D Rishetia baculina, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.9 from Kursiong, Darjiling E, F Rishetia basseinensis, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.19 from Bassein G I Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli G holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 1 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima H specimen NHMUK 1988147 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, west of Kyengdwen River, Burma and I paratypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 24 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104511">13 G</figureCitation>
) ex.
<collectorName id="05318875C63214C4D39032277E3F0565">Godwin-Austen</collectorName>
collection from
<location id="8401E73D96C284E85601BBA5D33841D4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:04837403AA6A538D92CF1AD16EE01E7F:8401E73D96C284E85601BBA5D33841D4" county="Godwin-Austen" municipality="Kohima" name="Naga Hills" stateProvince="Naga">Naga Hills</location>
, East of
<collectingMunicipality id="2F013177AA5C3EE800069D5E57093DB1">Kohima</collectingMunicipality>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="AA82F4BB2A27B83D4CA34AB04AA1715F" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="Godwin-Austen" county="Godwin-Austen" location="Naga Hills" municipality="Kohima" specimenCode="1903.7. 1.1717" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Naga" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="4B05709D2E19F095EF8919FB20EABA4E" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="012DAE1F51251056B890266CBF204C24" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<named-content id="0EA3F768E28D9F1D0B48BD2E4833E04C" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
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</named-content>
<specimenCode id="4DD6741ECD11CBA3799D8B4A1128AAB6">1903.7. 1.1717</specimenCode>
/ 24 (3 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="2FC8A83DE2FB8A93E667EE56C1E2B51D" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. A C Rishetia akouktoungensis, syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2207 from Akouktoung, Pegu D Rishetia baculina, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.9 from Kursiong, Darjiling E, F Rishetia basseinensis, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.19 from Bassein G I Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli G holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 1 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima H specimen NHMUK 1988147 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, west of Kyengdwen River, Burma and I paratypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 24 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104511">13 I</figureCitation>
) ex. Godwin-Austen collection from the location same as the holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EOHEK" type="material">
<paragraph id="B1E7CF27ECD6D75F8CCE55829E5A7C21">
<heading id="FD562F0EAC712853B28E7158E90C3F23" reason="title">Other material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="563290340032E3BA2EE18CE2BE5E1035">
<named-content id="BCFD670FD8B5079C73FFF8B664923660" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="09E74D31EF8E8D6377CEA27C8877EE24" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1903.7. 1.3742 (7 shells + 1 broken shell; Fig.
<figureCitation id="5B55957A2346D082D27208979692BA81" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. A C Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli A, B specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3742 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Burma and C specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3744 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Burma D Rishetia hastula, neotype NHMUK 1906.1. 1.880 from Darjiling E, F Rishetia kentungensis, syntypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3650 from Mong Sing, Siam Boundary G Rishetia limborgi, holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3200 from Tenasserim H, I Rishetia nathiana, syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2206 from Bassein District." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104512">14 A, B</figureCitation>
) collected by F. Ede ex. Godwin-Austen collection from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post,
<collectingCountry id="198E75DE73522C770BE21A67567F474B" name="Myanmar">Burma</collectingCountry>
(labelled as
<taxonomicName id="18054BB616C6788AADA19681D6831CFA" rank="variety" variety="somraensis">
var.
<emphasis id="523C793E2B78221B877AA57327604D92" italics="true">somraensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<named-content id="F8CACAA9394C8D21AAE6A35D073EE562" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="04C59A332646F1B17F567270BFC93A2F" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1903.7. 1.3744 (2 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="D81A9A3C6DDA7666AA3FD0C400788D86" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. A C Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli A, B specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3742 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Burma and C specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3744 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Burma D Rishetia hastula, neotype NHMUK 1906.1. 1.880 from Darjiling E, F Rishetia kentungensis, syntypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3650 from Mong Sing, Siam Boundary G Rishetia limborgi, holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3200 from Tenasserim H, I Rishetia nathiana, syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2206 from Bassein District." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104512">14 C</figureCitation>
) collected by F. Ede ex. Godwin-Austen collection from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post,
<collectingCountry id="9B24E47DADD75AD80D54CA9E775BA531" name="Myanmar">Burma</collectingCountry>
(labelled as
<taxonomicName id="A36AEB830C01A66D9E5C4E646BE80C35" rank="variety" variety="somraensis">
var.
<emphasis id="06EBFED0A2DDFC56608ED7239B23652C" italics="true">somraensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<named-content id="B6353512ECBD107740C8F4DB8F6BFF1F" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="8552001D5820D1CAB0CA2F4DFEE01DE9" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1988147 (4 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="7EE0FB95DFBADB15139007FD630ECA43" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. A C Rishetia akouktoungensis, syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2207 from Akouktoung, Pegu D Rishetia baculina, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.9 from Kursiong, Darjiling E, F Rishetia basseinensis, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.19 from Bassein G I Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli G holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 1 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima H specimen NHMUK 1988147 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, west of Kyengdwen River, Burma and I paratypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 24 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104511">13 H</figureCitation>
) collected by L. R. Mawson from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, west of Kyengdwen River,
<collectingCountry id="F9A07A329EDC1CBCB006173568BF7CDF" name="Myanmar">Burma</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="4F306B49B86B6EF06FD04868EB681E17" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure14" ID-arpha="BDF5BDC7-85B5-5D09-AA93-EE64C882A3B0" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104512" startId="F14">
<paragraph id="BA7486E208BE4B2D1EB5378F0E5560FF">
<label id="0060295E3CEC4DC3641C522185A25BA5">Figure 14.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9684500AB26F1F1FF462E9E4B092E9B9">
<emphasis id="4C87E0F3242FCE4535188123F4AEAAC7" bold="true">A C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41FD237C6DC49C848D672C6AC3DB2BD7" baseAuthorityName="Godwin-Austen" baseAuthorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="burrailensis" subSpecies="maxwelli">
<emphasis id="D18B707CC0A966F14D8D8D044D16E030" italics="true">Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="684390457346B3F6211CA0A68EB39C9A" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
specimen
<named-content id="1B0312B10606E5BA67B8EC08EB94F1E3" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1903.7. 1.3742 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Burma and
<emphasis id="FB5077743F4DFC7A944EE61C9305D349" bold="true">C</emphasis>
specimen
<named-content id="D884F895950C8FFD7C618E91ADB55F61" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1903.7. 1.3744 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Burma
<emphasis id="07942914B3B0FD90CE21A79B6838882A" bold="true">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="885924250BFADA342379CC93E9EF9853" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hastula">
<emphasis id="4EFF0B263D424D3F1638AC14F891809A" italics="true">Rishetia hastula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, neotype
<named-content id="2ACBDD3124B03D872318AEAEBE4EABDE" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1906.1. 1.880 from Darjiling
<emphasis id="2E348CCDDCC178D8A3FFBF93B0D6FE1E" bold="true">E, F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DC0782735F7C38F41B3D1812C77FBFF0" authorityName="Man &amp; Ablett &amp; Lwin &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Godwin-Austen" baseAuthorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="kentungensis">
<emphasis id="802415FEA5E11A9B0DBC1B39A369C54B" italics="true">Rishetia kentungensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, syntypes
<named-content id="48F85599A92A9C9D0DAA22B31F3063AE" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1903.7. 1.3650 from Mong Sing, Siam Boundary
<emphasis id="159E1E469B734C2FE817A4AB8A353B7D" bold="true">G</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B42EE9B8D9C98ADB1E1A98174B3468B0" authorityName="Man &amp; Ablett &amp; Lwin &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Godwin-Austen" baseAuthorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="limborgi">
<emphasis id="FEE0F71293DCE426B95FD8B06AF3AC93" italics="true">Rishetia limborgi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotype
<named-content id="69B1D4D8C19647196BCF1B4D2F077C47" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1903.7. 1.3200 from Tenasserim
<emphasis id="7A7898CACA7975D4B1E55EFF19E8EDB4" bold="true">H, I</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6202F0D0DE6145FBE9D9C17B9C23A6A3" authorityName="Man &amp; Ablett &amp; Lwin &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Godwin-Austen" baseAuthorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nathiana">
<emphasis id="84F927D2F2A4EBB65575992E178A09B4" italics="true">Rishetia nathiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, syntypes
<named-content id="042A30166B7383572F33B993CA7E3FAF" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1906.1. 1.2206 from Bassein District.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBNEK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="426FDD9511BDE2957EE0D6DEA074B5E8">
<heading id="ACA130A94A38D93E4239C868F8D4E01C" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E106F5FA8B94DAACBF758867AFABA6B9">Shell elongate, turreted, and regularly attenuated; apex rounded and blunt; subsequent whorls nearly smooth with fine irregularly spaced radial ridges throughout, and coarser ridges appearing near suture. Suture impressed and whorls flattened. Aperture ovate; columella concave and truncated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EGNEK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="2E79CB59A4E6C00BC2C441B2D8A983CE">
<heading id="1E5D80BE097E874A4F00FD904B23137E" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8E3B23BE63EF955A12CBB951FEBD14CB">
This subspecies was originally described from the Naga Hills. The locality reported in
<collectingCountry id="EEB6CBF698B1E628902BE1871F3A0AF4" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
is Somra Town (~
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EPNEK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[94.687333,25.362111]}">
<geoCoordinate id="ADE1D8242488E46813075DD44E8A4942" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="43.6" value="25.362112">25 ° 21 ' 43.6 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="B8C4CB7D608A32D803F0244143FDEE6C" degrees="94" direction="east" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="14.4" value="94.68733">94 ° 41 ' 14.4 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
), a mountainous area in Leshi or Layshi Township,
<collectingRegion id="837A84C0296F30AA4FF5658FA1251D01" country="Myanmar" name="Sagaing">Sagaing Region</collectingRegion>
in northwestern
<collectingCountry id="4BF9C2C58BF2C4651400C38D380181E8" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
. It is neighbouring Nagaland to the west and
<collectingRegion id="25C8CD6F02F33C46DFD7EA146F151440" country="Myanmar" name="Kachin">Kachin State</collectingRegion>
to the east and along the Chindwin River.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EUNEK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="72C000FD282DE56A1EF22A2D7882F264">
<heading id="9FFCEEBF1B97D7773B34E4C8E154CAC3" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7FB2E96EDF6E7024374D4F81D86881DD">
The name
<emphasis id="B43F2C5AAEEEF9777F72E0ED690766CF" italics="true">maxwelli</emphasis>
was stated twice in the same publication, on pages 45 and 61. The first mention is
<taxonomicName id="1553FF51AEC702419911EEA29AA4CF1C" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="burrailensis" subGenus="Rishetia" variety="maxwelli">
<emphasis id="4A529266CABAAE34ABA8F030A201C251" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="FF70BADE0B1A8ED99FED2F3365AB713D" italics="true">Rishetia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="863760AA694C9F843C3E94B8664065C7" italics="true">burrailensis</emphasis>
, var.
<emphasis id="26CBB0AC9D9A2ECDD95B88ED0D231353" italics="true">maxwelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; when proposing this name,
<bibRefCitation id="E844401E7992B1B966D4D08066073461" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="45" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen (1920: 45)</bibRefCitation>
recognised
<specimenCount id="4E7140A7EF3CEB46EA5F7F53012FF199" count="2" type="generic">two specimen</specimenCount>
lots from Naga Hills … (collected by Col. H. St. P. Maxwell) and from Somra … Upper
<collectingCountry id="062CA2857C47BB2A6290F09CAB4C54BF" name="Myanmar">Burma</collectingCountry>
(collected by F. Ede). Although the species description is brief, Godwin-Austen provides the catalogue number No. 1717
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0EFPEK" xlink_title="used in old labels for the British Museum">
<collectionCode id="E37A4836D305C60B28CF610E6BE2484D">B</collectionCode>
. M
</abbrev>
. , two sets of shell dimensions, and illustrations of two shells from Naga Hill. We have examined this specimen lot,
<named-content id="49DE7A8A08FF4D1DF361DE0391497DD6" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="CB9FBFD40A7A2A136A8D246AA8A1F48F" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1903.7. 1.1717, from Naga Hills, which consists of four shells. In the original description,
<bibRefCitation id="23B8467857DBEED7837D8519F3EAD047" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="46" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen (1920: 46)</bibRefCitation>
further states, Size: Fig.
<figureCitation id="B8EA3123809C24407AD016310BE5BA46" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A D Glessula blanfordiana A, B syntypes NHMUK 1988150 from Ponsee, Yunnan, W. China and C, D specimen CUMZ 13067 from Taunggyi, Shan State, Myanmar E, F Glessula crassilabris E syntype UMZC I. 102430 from Bengal (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 51 e) and F specimen NHMUK from Cherrapoonji (M 10604 / 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104503">5</figureCitation>
. Type and in the figure caption as Fig.
<figureCitation id="744CFE8A1395F8233DFA5ABC84699D83" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A D Glessula blanfordiana A, B syntypes NHMUK 1988150 from Ponsee, Yunnan, W. China and C, D specimen CUMZ 13067 from Taunggyi, Shan State, Myanmar E, F Glessula crassilabris E syntype UMZC I. 102430 from Bengal (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 51 e) and F specimen NHMUK from Cherrapoonji (M 10604 / 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104503">5</figureCitation>
. (1
<superScript id="66CEEDBADADE1F28040B4EB6CCD4743D">st</superScript>
Type) from Naga Hills and Fig.
<figureCitation id="08B58B0B5E8352C61B7581DB2B53217B" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A F Glessula feddeni A, B syntypes NHMUK 1906.2. 2.261 from Shan Hills, E. of Ava C specimen NHMUK 1906.3. 3.41 from Shan Hills and D F specimen CUMZ 13068 from Pyinyaung Village, Mandalay Region, Myanmar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104504">6</figureCitation>
. (2
<superScript id="E2774B3CC16EA0C9D2DB281FC6CDEDFB">nd</superScript>
Type) from Naga Hills. It seemed that Godwin-Austen intended to designate the specimen figured in plate 160, fig. 5, as the unique name-bearing type, which we consider as the
<typeStatus id="6AA46A609358B9366989DB11ED30C006" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. The other
<specimenCount id="0E46B7128A4AF4FF3028847EC76BE870" count="3" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
from the same lot are therefore
<typeStatus id="9A79CB724D0E1424A0693AFF7FBBA44F" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8813EE52E92EC4014B6069C954681E5F">
The second mention is
<taxonomicName id="E5D15A91B0044466756597033B3B947E" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="burrailensis" variety="maxwelli">
<emphasis id="442340C3DDE47957236CA0C84F068AB5" italics="true">Glessula burrailensis</emphasis>
, var.
<emphasis id="2EC9DA3402D3E5605EBC8B025A7E3AF5" italics="true">maxwelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, for which
<bibRefCitation id="7447B55555AA189640D92636A7F72512" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="61" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen (1920: 61)</bibRefCitation>
provided a very detailed description together with specimen lot number No. 3742
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0EDREK" xlink_title="used in old labels for the British Museum">
<collectionCode id="9351DFE4E6D8071E39AB8AC3C0C71032">B</collectionCode>
. M
</abbrev>
. , two sets of shell measurements, from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Upper
<collectingCountry id="59A5EAFAAFEDFAA9627F7DD974278C5B" name="Myanmar">Burma</collectingCountry>
, but without illustration. The
<named-content id="5ABBD48D861E638F8ACD14242067F058" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="F9F3A4C7BF9EBAC52835492E69653439" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
collections contain specimen lot
<named-content id="C4A93DA6D042248EBD48F1C08EEFF723" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="EA451EF1C6F1D3DFB7048975CFDB6B9D" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1903.7. 1.3742, consisting of
<specimenCount id="5DE4C32F7C6CB261740081E217F98942" count="8" type="generic">eight specimens</specimenCount>
with the original label stating
<taxonomicName id="91113F99938F91A116E62E6827B55F5C" authority=", GA." authorityName="GA." rank="variety" variety="somraensis">
var.
<emphasis id="28D66CAD388FD9AC6C471DA7B0D178F7" italics="true">somraensis</emphasis>
, GA.
</taxonomicName>
. This manuscript name has never properly been published and made available (
<collectionCode id="0FDD6BB075A0DA8DCE66F7B91DB3C5B4">ICZN</collectionCode>
1999: Art. 10), the specimen lot
<named-content id="67FC484703BDAD99213D5B17D77A621A" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="1E9D5E619B2D0F0B561281B2E5295BB5" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1903.7. 1.3742, with its original label stating
<taxonomicName id="90B8BFFFD9B7985FA4A8E4D502ED3574" rank="variety" variety="somraensis">
var.
<emphasis id="3FBA886BF6CC336B971851DA782CE2EB" italics="true">somraensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is considered as the
<typeStatus id="026B6B804784B5F96C5BD2535F28D8F0" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
. Therefore, this second combination becomes an available name (
<collectionCode id="AF04E52DD7D7B85584C308D483BD7D01">ICZN</collectionCode>
1999: Arts 11, 12), and it is considered a junior (primary) homonym (
<collectionCode id="171BE5D3786B58150DD5206BF7996255">ICZN</collectionCode>
1999: Arts 24.2. 1, 24.2. 2, 53.3, 57.2). Additionally,
<typeStatus id="59D336D058C7E0B17F432E0627CE5916" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
also include,
<named-content id="C3682E21DD06F98EC776526AC713E231" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="348C124739213FF79FC1346A93716283" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1988147 (4 shells), from Somra, Khulen Post, West of Kyendwin River, Upper Burmah, as
<bibRefCitation id="C61DA31B0EEFE1C0405BE1C7BC778984" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="61" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen (1920: 61)</bibRefCitation>
recognised in the original description.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7FD12CE88F1B17A7FDDFAFB671F97905">
After examining the type specimens carefully, we found no differences in the diagnostic characters between the senior homonym (
<named-content id="78CAB2DF2735E291C2C17CA78FEBAD89" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="91D8C81A9F33277675DACF598E1FF092" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1903.7. 1.1717 / 1 and
<named-content id="7E7A30DA86553EB8FA5740F8C5D45F09" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="4A1321754F981097A695496354C6CEE0" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1903.7. 1.1717 / 24) and junior homonym (
<named-content id="663928A55F710D163E97BD1108EE89E6" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="80FBAC64D3DFF5865DF97137CED35DC3" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1903.7. 1.3742,
<named-content id="5B1C0B266ECCAF7A8C8C53EBE6916719" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="43FF944F220546C8D09260A4B22B2CF9" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1903.7. 1.3744 and
<named-content id="584B970B18AE3A0AF1DB8BF99FBFAB12" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="B2EFD0A223B609B34DF92B7618B1F250" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1988147) specimens, especially shell shape, shell sculpture, and protoconch sculpture. The only detected difference is the brownish or yellowish brown periostracum, which we consider as intraspecific variation. Therefore, it seems unnecessary to propose a new replacement name for this junior homonym.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
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<mods:title id="288FF6D32E86607640CD2EBD9617C534">Contributions on a small collection of the former Subulinidae Fischer &amp; Crosse, 1877 (Eupulmonata, Achatinoidea) with catalogue of the Glessula and Rishetia species recorded from Myanmar</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="17E68DED83A4A9850B08A3AD3F00B989">Man, Nem Sian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="782499B6DBB2B8EC4C461A2D0701F768">Ablett, Jonathan D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EDEE470D069A76F754D9C2412FBF1B01">Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="A67C4120C1754A058852ABD25A9F0051">Lwin, Ngwe</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="0A00E2F862305E64B88C05A18645C894" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13137158" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13137158" ID-arpha="0A00E2F8-6230-5E64-B88C-05A18645C894" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0A00E2F862305E64B88C05A18645C894" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A00E2F862305E64B88C05A18645C894">
<subSubSection id="6EDD6BA457E8DD53D0F0876D1942130F" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F8B593547456EE31603CC61866BFB2AB">
<heading id="5CBEEB8119B239DA132188E55F37400B" reason="label">29</heading>
<taxonomicName id="6C4B738B88290FA1D9467E1DBF34A29F" authority="(Godwin-Austen, 1920)" authorityName="Man &amp; Ablett &amp; Lwin &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Godwin-Austen" baseAuthorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="basseinensis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="65014505F5F759E2D8A98F4B920511DF" italics="true">Rishetia basseinensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3ACF9F2B4C4F270F19F75B967431A141" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="812EA442BCAFE41D5B003E8B26208670" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3EE49097709A8A19F598AC067BF8171F" type="description">
<paragraph id="12412B31EC60EA43EB0315BBFD70A849">
<figureCitation id="49DA428F07D52FCF6BD1F6858437F62F" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. A C Rishetia akouktoungensis, syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2207 from Akouktoung, Pegu D Rishetia baculina, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.9 from Kursiong, Darjiling E, F Rishetia basseinensis, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.19 from Bassein G I Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli G holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 1 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima H specimen NHMUK 1988147 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, west of Kyengdwen River, Burma and I paratypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 24 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104511">Fig. 13 E, F</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F7FC305AC6B374C60CACECD9836F2239" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B22383E7710F008B1A95031CD7F9C7AF">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="668CCFA07A39ACE38FB4CA5ADE83592F">
<treatmentCitation id="9C4A46C8123269154510713FBB49EB20" author="Blanford WT" page="79" year="1865">
<taxonomicName id="7B21806A2504B1394D1196557308D8A6" authority="Blanford, 1865: 79" authorityName="Blanford" authorityPageNumber="79" authorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="pertenuis" variety="major">
<emphasis id="A33F27DA2512454F8C5CB31CCD86FD99" italics="true">Achatina pertenuis var. major</emphasis>
<comment id="C6F900C62F7A01C425CA66A4D8B6790D">
<bibRefCitation id="EC9B564AE03DC78DB4ED4F47654C4004" author="Blanford WT" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66 - 105. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford, 1865: 79</bibRefCitation>
[in part].
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5CC2D0EB2B5F112FE800D7CCEE390E36">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="D9354CFEBDA12FEC122E4DBCBCA5665E">
<taxonomicName id="850C52300AF033BB5CBD0FBAF694EA57" ID-CoL="7RFHW" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="basseinensis">
<emphasis id="7B7B8B803D18E10751370842EB587F3A" italics="true">Glessula basseinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="C43C656907769C12B631845646C62586">
<treatmentCitation id="9AF9886BCEE7E26969D7A2C5DBA38312" author="Godwin-Austen HH" page="54" year="1920">
<bibRefCitation id="18B459B390B8A6C742F766F3D45E1D8F" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="54" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920: 54</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 161. fig. 3, pl. 164, fig. 12. Type locality: Bassein,
<collectingRegion id="E2DE490FDEFC7802D92AB491D1E52DC2" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
and Pyema Khyoung, Bassein.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E15DK" type="Type specimens">
<paragraph id="4FE075724F080568BA9E9A2CFB58792E">
<heading id="4442C3CB36AB067C11F94B1499EA6626" reason="title">Type specimens.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="95A42BBEC5410D33929DB2354A125F61">
<materialsCitation id="87691283914D0EFC9377010771C98308" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="Blanford" location="Bassein" specimenCode="1909.3. 15.19" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pegu" typeStatus="syntype">
<emphasis id="896CB7FC71F00259AF61A795A7C4DEB5" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="BC1DFB74C4A2A913EDD92EA0992C1BE2" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<named-content id="849DF10234C87475B0566398A5126979" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="8F114980FEE3A9E5B905816DD0A9179B" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
<specimenCode id="2C9A30D0EFCCB8A814A26359B2F56020">1909.3. 15.19</specimenCode>
[re-registered in error as 1985139] (3 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="B6BD148324FC8F7876AD73A17B848DE6" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. A C Rishetia akouktoungensis, syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2207 from Akouktoung, Pegu D Rishetia baculina, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.9 from Kursiong, Darjiling E, F Rishetia basseinensis, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.19 from Bassein G I Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli G holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 1 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima H specimen NHMUK 1988147 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, west of Kyengdwen River, Burma and I paratypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 24 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104511">13 E, F</figureCitation>
) ex.
<collectorName id="07DD53D116AED9C261F4DEC209FB12DF">Blanford</collectorName>
ex. Godwin-Austen collection from
<location id="4550A633D652DD368A47DF402F08BF5A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0A00E2F862305E64B88C05A18645C894:4550A633D652DD368A47DF402F08BF5A" name="Bassein" stateProvince="Pegu">Bassein</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="6ACF7D3CB876454C7269110B63EF488A" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EO6DK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="640E95BA67FF1B81568167CC80828C70">
<heading id="5EEB3204A53D87546DBB1F15999608CF" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A47F0C0C3B58B6CA1832E3B3EE565C7">Shell slender, elongate turreted and regularly attenuated; apex rounded and blunt; subsequent whorls with fine and equally spaced radial ribs, which more prominent near suture. Suture impressed and whorls flattened convex. Aperture ovate; columella strong, concave, and truncated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ET6DK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="A89D7657AF1C6BDB45BCBB016DFBCDEF">
<heading id="FD52DAFC93258E9009E814090E505A8A" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A13F80654B3165C094A848C242B7CB1">
<taxonomicName id="BB117092DD5BEDC15929C63E1B287D72" authorityName="Man &amp; Ablett &amp; Lwin &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Godwin-Austen" baseAuthorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="basseinensis">
<emphasis id="C8220DBA4DA6339989CCF75F95436C4C" italics="true">Rishetia basseinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to be restricted within
<collectingCountry id="66128810124A55EAAEC87969B4974952" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
and is known only from the type locality. Based on the current administrative boundary, Bassien (or Pathein), Pegus is in the Pathein Township, Pathein District,
<collectingRegion id="A8934CDF1D171B9019D0932DBCEA6665" country="Myanmar" name="Ayeyawady">Ayeyarwady Region</collectingRegion>
, rather than
<collectingRegion id="4F0CA9D70A29D8ACB8482091BE038205" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
[
<collectingRegion id="4EFDB0C0D59EF332A5A52E178923CB9B" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Bago Region</collectingRegion>
].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EEAEK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="3EDB49FD2E8D14D6953FDDCF12735D1E">
<heading id="B394B2C087ECF51BCDC3D78CEBDF012D" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DC2FDBF722FB32F9C188FD1426782A0C">
<bibRefCitation id="C6D18F55FEC30306BA697D16EE49E3F6" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="53" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen (1920: 53)</bibRefCitation>
stated that when examining the type series of
<taxonomicName id="0E7179472BB702E500D0E8380BB3583C" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="pertenuis" variety="major">
<emphasis id="F32685EFE7A77D728A33A99E0AA321FC" italics="true">Glessula pertenuis var. major</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ex. Blanford collection, he found it very different from the nominotypical taxon, and described this specimen lot under a different name,
<taxonomicName id="BA305B76F4C55F76CFA2E42D0FD304AD" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="basseinensis">
<emphasis id="A1D965BD7106A577E20F77DC3DD62EB6" italics="true">Glessula basseinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In the original description,
<bibRefCitation id="D0BCB27FB0D3FED60FB6FC6049ACF8CB" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="54" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen (1920: 54)</bibRefCitation>
provided two collection localities, namely Bassein, Pegu and Pyema Khyoung, Bassein and comparing three and
<specimenCount id="CBBB8B5D196CA21E67C925862A6D2C17" count="6" type="generic">six specimens</specimenCount>
, respectively. The description clearly states a catalogue number Type No. 19.9.3.15
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. M
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. and includes an illustration of specimens from Bassein, Pegu. The
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collection contains this specimen lot
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1909.3. 15.19 consisting of three shells with an original label in Godwin-Austens handwriting stating Type from the H. F. Blanford collection. The specimen with a similar shell measurement given in the original description and with pink wool inside the shell is figured herein (Fig.
<figureCitation id="4EC1A1089DD203EC7107A1B72A185C74" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. A C Rishetia akouktoungensis, syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2207 from Akouktoung, Pegu D Rishetia baculina, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.9 from Kursiong, Darjiling E, F Rishetia basseinensis, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.19 from Bassein G I Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli G holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 1 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima H specimen NHMUK 1988147 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, west of Kyengdwen River, Burma and I paratypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 24 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104511">13 E</figureCitation>
). Additionally, one further shell from the same
<typeStatus id="E3D14FC573F32219F4CFC05250AA0A48" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
lot is also illustrated (Fig.
<figureCitation id="0F05BD7C8EF265662E51640CAD89AA29" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. A C Rishetia akouktoungensis, syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2207 from Akouktoung, Pegu D Rishetia baculina, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.9 from Kursiong, Darjiling E, F Rishetia basseinensis, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.19 from Bassein G I Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli G holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 1 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima H specimen NHMUK 1988147 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, west of Kyengdwen River, Burma and I paratypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 24 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104511">13 F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1A6C21B346DC1D797699909D03B5914B">
The specimen lot
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<collectionCode id="5EACF982E8D5430FC7D90004046812E6" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
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1909.1. 1.2208 is excluded from the type series of this species (see also under the
<taxonomicName id="723A5242BFCC449DC74F9AAF355B89F1" authorityName="Man &amp; Ablett &amp; Lwin &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="pertenuis" subSpecies="major">
<emphasis id="468814803E25355D9025FEBB79B8707E" italics="true">Rishetia pertenuis major</emphasis>
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).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,631 @@
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<heading id="B7AF123A94B30C9C59CCAC3DEFEED7F8" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="8F79950B0BB9163C48B42DFD85334801" authority="von Martens, 1860" authorityName="von Martens" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A5A8963BE0EFABFEC180C1AB87B4F64D" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="01CE199A1703623EE9070935E88834F1" author="von Martens E" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pagination="6-18" refId="B114" refString="von Martens E (1860) On the Mollusca of Siam. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 28: 6 - 18. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 12866504" title="On the Mollusca of Siam." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12866504" volume="28" year="1860">von Martens, 1860</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="F03B8EDBB57772F4047581D0362145E1" authority="Albers, 1850: 194" authorityName="Albers" authorityPageNumber="194" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Electra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="033AF1E044DF12289E89C2D574149581" italics="true">Electra</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="99DCA04CC86AFBD3ED7B6B8C49B5E49C" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11507" author="Albers JC" journalOrPublisher="Enslin, Berlin" refId="B2" refString="Albers JC (1850) Die Heliceen nach naturlicher Verwandtschaft systematisch geordnet. Enslin, Berlin, 262 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11507" title="Die Heliceen nach natürlicher Verwandtschaft systematisch geordnet." year="1850">Albers, 1850: 194</bibRefCitation>
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. [non
<bibRefCitation id="9EC1793CB04255521361AA6202A32365" author="Lamouroux" firstAuthor="Lamouroux" journalOrPublisher="Poisson, Caen" refId="B56" refString="Lamouroux JVF (1816) Histoire des Polypiers Coralligènes Flexibles, Vulgairement Nommés Zoophytes. F. Poisson, Caen, 558 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11606092" title="Histoire des Polypiers Coralligènes Flexibles, Vulgairement Nommés Zoophytes. F." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11606092" year="1816">Lamouroux 1816</bibRefCitation>
(Bryozoa)]. Type species:
<taxonomicName id="220EF53FF16133B8CB3E5676EC07903D" ID-CoL="969Y" authority="Pfeiffer, 1845" authorityName="Pfeiffer" authorityYear="1845" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ceylanica">
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<bibRefCitation id="5946B9A063A9050C6A668EE517813151" author="Pfeiffer L" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift für Malakozoologie" pagination="152-158" refId="B73" refString="Pfeiffer L (1845) Diagnosen einiger neuer Heliceen. Zeitschrift fur Malakozoologie 2: 152 - 158. https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 16291740" title="Diagnosen einiger neuer Heliceen." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16291740" volume="2" year="1845">Pfeiffer, 1845</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="93624B02FFCB0C8B9C87A4FFA503E9A6" author="Adams H &amp; Adams A" firstAuthor="Adams" journalOrPublisher="van Voorst, London" page="105" refId="B1" refString="Adams H, Adams A (1855) [18541858] The Genera of Recent Mollusca; Arranged According to their Organization. Volume 2. van Voorst, London, 661 pp. [pp 93284 (1855)]" title="[1854-1858] The Genera of Recent Mollusca; Arranged According to their Organization. Volume 2." year="1855">Adams and Adams 1855: 105</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="DA28F43AEA5AAC4F92DDAD5421632A96" author="Pfeiffer L" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" journalOrPublisher="Malakozoologische Blätter" page="168" pagination="112-185" refId="B77" refString="Pfeiffer L (1856) Versuch einer Anordnung der Heliceen nach natürlichen Gruppen. Malakozoologische Blätter 2: 112185. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/53876" title="Versuch einer Anordnung der Heliceen nach natürlichen Gruppen." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/53876" volume="2" year="1856">Pfeiffer 1856: 168</bibRefCitation>
.
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<taxonomicName id="5FEC9F6E9F70CED00657421C7354E3B4" authorityName="E. von Martens" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Cionella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Glessula">
<emphasis id="3A7ADB00340CB554CD188E04697BEF13" italics="true">Cionella</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="BDC1E6D019604E6CA7DCA740B29D00D9" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
)
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<comment id="95A54E8C1BEDC00037FEDEFA34905CF2">
— von Martens in
<treatmentCitation id="A1565F35370F1F55A0FE80D69F531AD9" author="Albers JC" page="254" year="1860">
<bibRefCitation id="AD37717A9AB9A25F5893F8AB74AE561D" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11218" author="Albers JC" firstAuthor="Albers" journalOrPublisher="Wilhelm Englemann, Leipzig" page="254" refId="B3" refString="Albers JC (1860) Die Heliceen nach Natürlicher Verwandtschaft Systematisch Geordnet, 2 nd edn. (manuscript edited by E. von Martens). Wilhelm Englemann, Leipzig, 359 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11218" title="Die Heliceen nach Natürlicher Verwandtschaft Systematisch Geordnet, 2 nd edn. (manuscript edited by E. von Martens)." year="1860">Albers 1860: 254</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="7326B0F6497502B0667F8F09DA31BC99" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" page="329" year="1881">
<bibRefCitation id="1BCA8F3FE52F5F956E553D157608DBAB" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" journalOrPublisher="Kassel, Fischer" page="329" refId="B82" refString="Pfeiffer L, Clessin S (1881) Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali. Kassel, Fischer, 617 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" title="Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" year="1881">Pfeiffer and Clessin 1881: 329</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<paragraph id="7CE48E9A25CA12EFC26A93A0CAE956D2">
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<taxonomicName id="40A8AF71B8D86CD3C861B128DFC4B54C" authorityName="E. von Martens" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Glessula">
<emphasis id="7BEAAE0095F8893B77BD2D46B13BB80C" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="D860C141E4293977FE5049D7E48D0E5C" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="2079CF7FCBACC3FDADB18422CB923624">
<treatmentCitation id="6B12D93F56402C05E0B644C1F964802F" author="Nevill G" page="166" year="1878">
<bibRefCitation id="9CF5D98BD1BB6533742D672D7D6A14B8" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11957" author="Nevill G" firstAuthor="Nevill" journalOrPublisher="Indian Museum, Calcutta" page="166" refId="B69" refString="Nevill G (1878) Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda. Indian Museum, Calcutta, 338 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11957" title="Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda." year="1878">Nevill 1878: 166</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="255C518E3DA9C75D9DAFA87BA44B2BDF">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F3047F6F11F0FB55907FB132EA283A99">
<taxonomicName id="48254FE09F150362D3510CFC468C9946" ID-CoL="7P4CF" authorityName="von Martens" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="41B20E4E7BBB63EB5D6861C05AD2C928" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="743A9476D2617C6FE5DD7051B69CE697">
<treatmentCitation id="1BD49C0DB9CA98E52B0E4D5543F6CDFB" author="Tenison-Woods JE" page="1053" year="1888">
<bibRefCitation id="4DA512AD043C03029245472FC726B49F" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.13026" author="Tenison-Woods JE" firstAuthor="Tenison-Woods" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales" page="1053" pagination="1003-1095" refId="B104" refString="Tenison-Woods JE (1888) Malaysian land and freshwater Mollusca. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 3: 10031095. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.13026" title="Malaysian land and freshwater Mollusca." volume="3" year="1888">Tenison-Woods 1888: 1053</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="AF4EEE776AD7A7C93E6D1C964B648DBF" author="Beddome CR" page="160" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="1372047B91A816861D34866623E72B1F" DOI="10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" author="Beddome CR" firstAuthor="Beddome" page="160" refId="B8" refString="Beddome CR (1906) Notes on Indian and Ceylonese species of Glessula. The Journal of Molluscan Studies 6 (3): 160172. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" year="1906">Beddome 1906: 160</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="E1C60FAF2C3A463327B4CB25584A0E56" author="Pilsbry HA" page="50" year="1908">
<bibRefCitation id="7AB48FFD64BC00E4DECFC74A05A7368C" author="Pilsbry HA" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" page="50" refId="B87" refString="Pilsbry HA (1908) [19081910] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 20: Caecilioides, Glessula and Partulidae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1336. [pls 143] [pp 164, pls 110 (1908); pp 65314, pls 2236 (1909); pp 315336, pls 3743 (1910)] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/16293" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/16293" year="1908">Pilsbry 1908: 50</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="2E10BBCA5B8F7C65402026A6336DD443" author="Gude GK" page="377" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="1F01471E859E5C992B3D4C3682E8399B" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="377" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 377</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="1DDADA77549DE968913810E770F7EB81" author="Zilch A" page="343" year="1959">
<bibRefCitation id="97B9D8ED17618D4DB8D20219F82012CB" author="Zilch A" editor="Schindewolf OH" firstAuthor="Zilch" journalOrPublisher="Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin" page="343" pagination="201-400" refId="B124" refString="Zilch A (1959) Gastropoda, Euthyneura. In: Schindewolf OH (Ed.) Handbuch der Paläozoologie, Band 6, Gastropoda. Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin, 201400." title="Gastropoda, Euthyneura." volumeTitle="Handbuch der Paläozoologie, Band 6, Gastropoda." year="1959">Zilch 1959: 343</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="58B0A75A67F9BAC3CE3ECE36A684D6EC" author="van Benthem Jutting WSS" page="373" year="1952">
<bibRefCitation id="0E555F4C19562FAA04791897F484F4AC" author="van Benthem Jutting WSS" firstAuthor="van Benthem Jutting" journalOrPublisher="Treubia" page="373" pagination="291-435" refId="B110" refString="van Benthem Jutting WSS (1952) Systematic studies on the non-marine Mollusca of the Ind-Australian archipelago. Treubia 21: 291435." title="Systematic studies on the non-marine Mollusca of the Ind-Australian archipelago." volume="21" year="1952">van Benthem Jutting 1952: 373</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 374.
<treatmentCitation id="E85B3C7B17B8D18DD5D61A0A9952C7D9" author="Schileyko AA" page="11" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="7F7E307F08D8DA02700A0DB6CBEA029F" author="Schileyko AA" firstAuthor="Schileyko" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Ruthenica" page="11" pagination="1-68" refId="B96" refString="Schileyko AA (2011) Checklist of land pulmonate molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora). Ruthenica 21 (1): 168." title="Checklist of land pulmonate molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)." volume="21" year="2011">Schileyko 2011: 11</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFFBI" type="type species">
<paragraph id="96BFB40E2A60726A2BAD1A6EB2176FCD">
<heading id="A964B48A5DA6B85215ECDD5363403C4E" reason="title">Type species.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D74E6808668768E29DA999D534F5F648">
<taxonomicName id="137A01C257D14DE3E2577B3F6F0C7146" authority="Reeve, 1850" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gemma">
<emphasis id="197440FFC067AB2C538FBFD232EA82A8" italics="true">Achatina gemma</emphasis>
Reeve, 1850
</taxonomicName>
by original designation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EWFBI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="1CEBC18D0F59388295E4AE8FE9E5D7BB">
<heading id="77428BA232B350504174B7D7C34FA4E0" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4421794B655F41591327F2646DB8D0EC">Shell ovate-conical in shape; spire low or high conical, and regularly attenuated; embryonic whorls smooth or with striations; subsequent whorls with equally or irregularly spaced radial striations or ribs. Aperture oblique, narrow to wide, and ovate; columella concave and truncated, and columellar margin not expanded. Penis large, thick, and moderately long; epiphallus short, stout, terminally pointed, and curved; flagellum present (rarely absent) with comb-like or hand-like structures; epiphallic caecum absent; vagina muscularly and nearly equal to ~ 1 / 52 / 5 of penis length.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2FBI" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="F1EED80C58447BC9EB60DF7935D80F26">
<heading id="3A92F9C2C062677CA5AA829D3A7227CD" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F5C6FF06F79E08A599D1AA3437651DC7">
Superficially,
<taxonomicName id="C51FF18366F41999EC65D6ACAC399DDE" authorityName="von Martens" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32C37CBAD5F8168BA99860F8CC04C19E" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="B752C2BF0FE72CAEFAB583C30507E515" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A3ED46689F8BF5F1F046577A9AC00A8C" italics="true">Rishetia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are similar in having a concave and truncated columella, but they differ in their shell shape and genital structure (
<bibRefCitation id="0D948D9003789339961C84BED469D532" author="Godwin-Austen" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="A2C7DF49C7BA4B1AFE6FC0AD49548E79" author="Raheem" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Raheem" refId="B90" refString="Raheem DC, Taylor H, Ablett J, Preece RC, Aravind NA, Naggs F (2014) A systematic revision of the land snails of the Western Ghats of India. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 4): 1294." year="2014">Raheem et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="5DE0B56DC87C8EFE7F762D223BDCFAA7" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" author="Budha" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Budha" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="129-156" refId="B24" refString="Budha PB, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2017) Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species. ZooKeys 675: 129156. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" title="Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species." volume="675" year="2017">Budha et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
). In terms of shell morphology,
<taxonomicName id="1E949DACEB8E12EC6339181500DC2AFB" authorityName="von Martens" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D188AD1DC0C889A6E820F6A67AC0D0D6" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be differentiated by its ovate-conical shape, short spire, large and blunt embryonic whorls, while
<taxonomicName id="7B154EC6AFE9DACB3DB7973605348312" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7E729C7DEFB6D08B58557A8323B303F0" italics="true">Rishetia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses a slender, conical-shaped elongate spire which narrow and rather acute embryonic whorls (Table
<tableCitation id="4821BB1A12A68F86C6D1CCA8D1825ABB" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of shell morphology among subulinid genera recorded in Myanmar. The superscript numbers are references; 1 = Pilsbry (1906), 2 = Gude (1914), 3 = Godwin-Austen (1920), 4 = Naggs (1994), 5 = Schileyko (1999), and 6 = Budha et al. (2017)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7320BC8BE0D4AF3B31AE4617F5EE0127" tableUuid="7320BC8BE0D4AF3B31AE4617F5EE0127">2</tableCitation>
). Regarding the genital characters,
<taxonomicName id="746F8A6622E5C6F8DE53DFCF371E044E" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3B02957B35E88A7D37E143B63E3E467E" italics="true">Rishetia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
exhibits a simple, tubular-shaped flagellum with the epiphallic caecum present (Table
<tableCitation id="AC9062A8EF8CF63A54174DB3CA36EC6C" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Comparison of terminal part of male genitalia between Glessula and Rishetia. References: 1 = Semper (1874); 2 = Godwin-Austen (1918); 3 = Godwin-Austen (1920); 4 = Schileyko and Kuznetsov (1996); 5 = Schileyko (1999); 6 = Budha et al. (2017). n / a = data not available (not mentioned in the description or could not differentiated from the original figure)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6D80CD8EB26F35653BCD7153072A09C9" tableUuid="6D80CD8EB26F35653BCD7153072A09C9">3</tableCitation>
), while
<taxonomicName id="4D4DA9CE59035C1A5C33982C615677B4" authorityName="von Martens" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2770451D92B3F4F14AD29A28FD6A2DA7" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
displays a well-developed comb-like flagellum (appendage) and the epiphallic caecum absent (
<bibRefCitation id="CE430CAC453AA280B55373FB39B52414" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" author="Budha" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Budha" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="129-156" refId="B24" refString="Budha PB, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2017) Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species. ZooKeys 675: 129156. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" title="Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species." volume="675" year="2017">Budha et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
); except
<taxonomicName id="F12FBF62ECC6B899FB05C33E5182D1E6" authorityName="Man &amp; Ablett &amp; Lwin &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mandalayensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FAFF342480CA8E60E9DEFF7122BFD447" italics="true">G. mandalayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F76DEBF54C94202DE6F5B119BE763A4D" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
which has no flagellum. Likewise,
<taxonomicName id="350F9C43ADAC5A180B473E659A19380C" authorityName="von Martens" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="504AA41DD5CB210578B191B638F91FBD" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also distinct from
<taxonomicName id="DBF8447E858C9128688314D856245AAE" authorityName="Chaper" authorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CB1370B4B3C99E0F1F76A9D3481BCCC" italics="true">Curvella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its concave and truncated columella, not expanded columellar margin, and obliquely narrow and ovate aperture, while
<taxonomicName id="D11BB42B2DA8AD5EFE097B34CC243F27" authorityName="Chaper" authorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="91EAAB0DBE8AA182DABCFA3982901E1D" italics="true">Curvella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses a straight columella, expanded columellar margin, and more vertical, higher, and broader oblong aperture.
</paragraph>
<caption id="6D80CD8EB26F35653BCD7153072A09C9" ID-Table-UUID="6D80CD8EB26F35653BCD7153072A09C9" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6D80CD8EB26F35653BCD7153072A09C9" startId="T3">
<paragraph id="273051DB0C3286A75EB9847366338813">
<label id="24A3CD1F1045FD75836B3495C842EBA6">Table 3.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4B1F1B84849E602B756256C9D4E655F1">
Comparison of terminal part of male genitalia between
<taxonomicName id="A7FC095C76B9C2BDD43C2B89511AACF5" authorityName="von Martens" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FC7868CD8DBF6A9C69038109312F6DF6" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="52FB11BDAE0B40608F76924754DD1630" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="563543E717179AAF99B80D0432142348" italics="true">Rishetia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. References: 1 =
<bibRefCitation id="84E150282118005860FF7B8CA7E8FCA9" author="Semper C" firstAuthor="Semper" journalOrPublisher="Band 3, Landmollusken. Wiesbaden: Kreidel" refId="B98" refString="Semper C (1874) [18701885] Reisen im Archipel der Philippinen, Theil 2. Wissenschaftliche Resultate. Band 3, Landmollusken. Wiesbaden: Kreidel, 327 pp. [pp 129168 (1874)]" title="[1870-1885] Reisen im Archipel der Philippinen, Theil 2. Wissenschaftliche Resultate." year="1874">Semper (1874)</bibRefCitation>
; 2 =
<bibRefCitation id="45DC372725684825A9EF93708748CEED" DOI="10.26515/rzsi/v8/i12/1918/163139" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" issue="12" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Indian Museum" pagination="601-621" refId="B38" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1918) Zoological results of the Abor Expedition, 19111912. XLIX. Mollusca, IX. Records of the Indian Museum 8 (12): 601621. https://doi.org/10.26515/rzsi/v8/i12/1918/163139" title="Zoological results of the Abor Expedition, 1911-1912. XLIX. Mollusca, IX." volume="8" year="1918">Godwin-Austen (1918)</bibRefCitation>
; 3 =
<bibRefCitation id="49338DDA64B51E729FFDB7FEC1B7E2A2" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen (1920)</bibRefCitation>
; 4 =
<bibRefCitation id="7EC0FFA384A9C2B36F46E97639B9EB3E" author="Schileyko AA &amp; Kuznetsov AG" firstAuthor="Schileyko" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Ruthenica" pagination="158-160" refId="B97" refString="Schileyko AA, Kuznetsov AG (1996) A new genus of the Subulinidae (Pulmonata) from Nepal. Ruthenica 5 (2): 158160." title="A new genus of the Subulinidae (Pulmonata) from Nepal." volume="5" year="1996">Schileyko and Kuznetsov (1996)</bibRefCitation>
; 5 =
<bibRefCitation id="25B1521C0CF7F299E0F20D65FD02D3B7" author="Schileyko AA" firstAuthor="Schileyko" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko (1999)</bibRefCitation>
; 6 =
<bibRefCitation id="92B896460BD6C447CB9D6711B492E7CF" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" author="Budha PB &amp; Naggs F &amp; Backeljau T" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Budha" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="129-156" refId="B24" refString="Budha PB, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2017) Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species. ZooKeys 675: 129156. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" title="Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species." volume="675" year="2017">Budha et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
. n / a = data not available (not mentioned in the description or could not differentiated from the original figure).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="88E990AF0AA3F7A6162DBF3E06CA92E8">
<table id="TID0E5WDK" rules="all">
<tbody id="773D99E476B32664A5BFBB94784CCD5C">
<tr id="5D9258524A2F80F112582A93DDA7E9C4">
<th id="7CD04F5632A076A92D4F3238D945A70E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Species</th>
<th id="4CE6D65553EB7B1185EC15894076037E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Epiphallic caecum</th>
<th id="A230FD83D4960415C694035114172072" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Flagellum</th>
<th id="BF621D966A03B7074895056C3ECFA13B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">References</th>
</tr>
<tr id="34AA3438075C0AF26B5E57651C74E8EC">
<td id="F015643E893CFD480DF752DC6A84F572" colspan="4" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="D9C780175CCB71684782EAFC5D6054DC" authority="von Martens, 1860" authorityName="von Martens" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B6DB0DA5CE73CFD9368D15188D7855B" bold="true">
<emphasis id="FB430A16DC054AED3000243082606ACD" bold="true" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23D00CBE6BB09C05BF4E064CC921E3F7" author="von Martens E" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pagination="6-18" refId="B114" refString="von Martens E (1860) On the Mollusca of Siam. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 28: 6 - 18. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 12866504" title="On the Mollusca of Siam." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12866504" volume="28" year="1860">von Martens, 1860</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C0EB25DFDB73EA38243DFFF48524629D">
<td id="CF2E5A9189C7B032ABA5CE806652F5E2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="77A8E56EE666AB5B642692BFC6625A40" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1920" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hebetata">
<emphasis id="D2AB830254AA2F7B004EA29CB96360A1" italics="true">G. hebetata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="657C9F6252AAC7BAC82251DD23D75400" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="1F42A32CCBCA755B9D15274E9C9040D4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">absent</td>
<td id="C2F792E920B1F072BA4323A0F01BCB9D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">comb-like with numerous notches</td>
<td id="B450DA0C73413D4D54E80C416E2355CE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2AD79E0E4C2A24C01FB560C2E9876397">
<td id="4F90F137CC0AE989B640CB1792B94AEA" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="80DAADC45AA87835B418BAA43BEBFB94" authority="(Pfeiffer, 1853)" baseAuthorityName="Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityYear="1853" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="inornata">
<emphasis id="85614E1E40A319D12300FFCD3FD8452A" italics="true">G. inornata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DD8E3FCA01DD4B34C26F5C84EA7A4822" author="Pfeiffer L" refId="B76" refString="Pfeiffer L (1853) Monographia Heliceorum Viventium: sistens descriptiones systematicas et criticas omnium huius familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum. Volumen Tertium. Lipsiae: F. A. Brockhaus, 711 pp. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 47349" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47349" year="1853">Pfeiffer, 1853</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="171B940AE265ECC6FAA32671A528A7F8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">absent</td>
<td id="35243952D59C442F6BB1EE618B36CBEB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">comb-like with numerous notches</td>
<td id="58BF8B691721A330A9EE8910794C8A81" colspan="1" rowspan="1">3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F12E88C8B7B3D973CAB559EDC9BEE785">
<td id="FA0F16B0CA09E48EDD53DFB6DCBA02C4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="0A8495C4BB2D730DBF7E57DABFA12886" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1918" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1918" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oakesi">
<emphasis id="F41BEDDD620D3C87D0675C43862470ED" italics="true">G. oakesi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="C3800E278C68A56F3B5C173267954D47" DOI="10.26515/rzsi/v8/i12/1918/163139" author="Godwin-Austen HH" issue="12" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Indian Museum" pagination="601-621" refId="B38" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1918) Zoological results of the Abor Expedition, 1911 - 1912. XLIX. Mollusca, IX. Records of the Indian Museum 8 (12): 601 - 621. https: // doi. org / 10.26515 / rzsi / v 8 / i 12 / 1918 / 163139" title="Zoological results of the Abor Expedition, 1911-1912. XLIX. Mollusca, IX." volume="8" year="1918">Godwin-Austen, 1918</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="BCA97F30AFB9BD3BED70A9FC003E147C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">absent</td>
<td id="61F84B4313ED48C1281BAEAAE3CBC5F4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">comb-like with three notches</td>
<td id="AABE2B5E1F1C1847C26DD3F210321B95" colspan="1" rowspan="1">2, 3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2DC8A1A8CF51F65057846D093A2205C3">
<td id="E32BDA6F131AAC70142F90E2BFB0FB50" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="2F067003D75A5F89782F34B987404417" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1918" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1918" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ochracea">
<emphasis id="78E6ECE6D18814BBF72D19AECBAEE6BA" italics="true">G. ochracea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="4574F06DE31AE674CB7637968E4E8147" DOI="10.26515/rzsi/v8/i12/1918/163139" author="Godwin-Austen HH" issue="12" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Indian Museum" pagination="601-621" refId="B38" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1918) Zoological results of the Abor Expedition, 1911 - 1912. XLIX. Mollusca, IX. Records of the Indian Museum 8 (12): 601 - 621. https: // doi. org / 10.26515 / rzsi / v 8 / i 12 / 1918 / 163139" title="Zoological results of the Abor Expedition, 1911-1912. XLIX. Mollusca, IX." volume="8" year="1918">Godwin-Austen, 1918</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="114C0DB9C99E3B04B21F680E4F2DA8DB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">absent</td>
<td id="B0BD1EF8F3D9027719FE776F1963119A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">comb-like with numerous notches</td>
<td id="4D17BC66F73614787DF8335DCDE8E251" colspan="1" rowspan="1">2, 3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2AAB49877948999DE5FA1E72051462A1">
<td id="081640E054446A13669642AA8AFE21B3" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="A3EC74F5A21C13DBA3A930E69F619DA7" authority="(Benson, 1860)" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="orobia">
<emphasis id="F6AF0E6E58714485BA059B89A4F76924" italics="true">G. orobia</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="79E8F55B8497827547CA1BF01B3BE19E" DOI="10.1080/00222936008697255" author="Benson WH" refId="B12" refString="Benson WH (1860) On new land-shells from Darjiling, with a series of new Indian species of Achatina. Annals &amp; Magazine of Natural History Series 3 5 (30): 460 - 466. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222936008697255" year="1860">Benson, 1860</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="AF80F62F38E45A4AB986A83BB41B292F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">absent</td>
<td id="598E6543ABFDFA0E74850A4E94FD9641" colspan="1" rowspan="1">comb-like with five notches</td>
<td id="6025B4BCB2F10253B7397DC565D824C1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">3, 6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="858DCA9C5C2EE3870F185276D42D030C">
<td id="E547EFB13E8822D492051F211EB51886" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="E677C5AD1C42575D4BB76EF50231D71D" authority="(Reeve, 1849)" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1849" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="orophila">
<emphasis id="291A919B58EC57910A9581BA0958A368" italics="true">G. orophila</emphasis>
(Reeve, 1849)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="A497067F37070BE15C8D6E87930FB316" colspan="1" rowspan="1">absent</td>
<td id="B700E4B1BADED66CB9B4617858E41C10" colspan="1" rowspan="1">comb-like with numerous notches</td>
<td id="CE53E388CED1CCA6937CA12128FB1ACC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6AE2A1241AF722A97AB88469AB786B90">
<td id="FF71BD17FCE0E398AB68FD22A724842D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="CD9AB73408E36D87D69114017701E3B8" authority="(Benson, 1860)" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="serena">
<emphasis id="6EE3A0DB0D3D916DFF311E74C07ABF45" italics="true">G. serena</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="CFC7BBC3DFD19992460BD470F3929873" DOI="10.1080/00222936008697255" author="Benson WH" refId="B12" refString="Benson WH (1860) On new land-shells from Darjiling, with a series of new Indian species of Achatina. Annals &amp; Magazine of Natural History Series 3 5 (30): 460 - 466. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222936008697255" year="1860">Benson, 1860</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="C55C4CF1A9068C1A30A66E95735F7282" colspan="1" rowspan="1">absent</td>
<td id="F2B524696F022100A8488C8E57B9C3AA" colspan="1" rowspan="1">comb-like with numerous notches</td>
<td id="6065F95B18E29DE2D1B330E4CF79620C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8FA512CE10C78E914A494E0AF31FB165">
<td id="DF38B34025CEC7234E7C9F5726C38C46" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="EA017039C562FC97C1048C864EA0D1CE" authority="Budha &amp; Backeljau, 2017" authorityName="Budha &amp; Backeljau" authorityYear="2017" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tamakoshi">
<emphasis id="DE630B8E9D33F04E9E6F1385A7A1E9BF" italics="true">G. tamakoshi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A605E37CA2D4E0232BA9EF8421ABE19D" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" author="Budha PB &amp; Naggs F &amp; Backeljau T" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="129-156" refId="B24" refString="Budha PB, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2017) Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species. ZooKeys 675: 129 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 675.13252" title="Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species." volume="675" year="2017">Budha &amp; Backeljau, 2017</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="ABD641486B9737F3E1496C9B4882C5AD" colspan="1" rowspan="1">absent</td>
<td id="50FF0576FF37DE1B3D7C0BB69F5D5EC1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">comb-like with numerous notches</td>
<td id="A23DE2E0394B28C4975A10839934F236" colspan="1" rowspan="1">6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AD6AD1A109DFAEB478F728A7C075BF5A">
<td id="8212A2780AA435DA9952EAA5409B18A0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="9C4834D768385116439EA9AC81554C8C" authorityName="Man &amp; Ablett &amp; Lwin &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mandalayensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1F2ACD3988C5593BB6806211D42EEA4A" italics="true">G. mandalayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3AF2EA0AE0315ECEFED7E7408D8F108B" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</td>
<td id="BB922DC05EED7647D1F2C3CED1A29D38" colspan="1" rowspan="1">absent</td>
<td id="195D1281ABB75CFA3AF08AD781506C41" colspan="1" rowspan="1">absent</td>
<td id="FE4BDAD6769669699B43201D4C720C10" colspan="1" rowspan="1">This study</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E44E0A7B3C333C9DA37B30C1CD073261">
<td id="CAF67B4BDD764B924C2B4B8813F8F093" colspan="4" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="8A408F4EFAE2FF6FB7337A4CE93E3ECF" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1920" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D142A59162B655D6EF56FB45E02FE7D3" bold="true">
<emphasis id="C24CE6E76DA5424F3FAD891347C24503" bold="true" italics="true">Rishetia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D5325EAF8250C9B8C53C68BB614D7F18" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2283B93CBFC33FC99618253C524D4539">
<td id="CD105ADCABBFA6287B7C1BA7613D9CA4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="7557ED2049C5FEA413449231663987A8" authority="(Godwin-Austen, 1920)" baseAuthorityName="Godwin-Austen" baseAuthorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="garoense">
<emphasis id="D206087DCA982FE4448F6728E84299F7" italics="true">R. garoense</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8B463B3E58C45F47A48C18C41C93E625" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="D5AF6DC3CB73F0BFDF80196939688ED1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">n / a</td>
<td id="3E36B316FD6CDDADF6716471A31E2974" colspan="1" rowspan="1">long cylindrical</td>
<td id="28674AD66EE1797CFA0D147F75EE4FEA" colspan="1" rowspan="1">3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8DFE8B19E58B02B61EDD28BD47E85D5F">
<td id="47EB681C6B533DD485A92CFF1DE1F43A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="57693C2C51D8422F5F472DD865BC15B3" authority="(Benson, 1860)" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hastula">
<emphasis id="FEF06EF278AF63F4D8A5CE2512206827" italics="true">R. hastula</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2097401B1D7C7675EB8401E79A71194B" DOI="10.1080/00222936008697255" author="Benson WH" refId="B12" refString="Benson WH (1860) On new land-shells from Darjiling, with a series of new Indian species of Achatina. Annals &amp; Magazine of Natural History Series 3 5 (30): 460 - 466. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222936008697255" year="1860">Benson, 1860</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="530A348B479BAFB5E95C96AC77E8274D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">short knob-like</td>
<td id="A6145D6D4984DBA279D6A4C86DF849C4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">short tubular</td>
<td id="D13FE3781FB8822969081A222A371C93" colspan="1" rowspan="1">6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="73B8D061B4DA27C2861F4D8D15B9FCC1">
<td id="80514208D3C6266F3FD38D9B6A2A895C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="55C3CC192CC27EFD6E4731FB1E82E025" authority="Budha &amp; Backeljau, 2017" authorityName="Budha &amp; Backeljau" authorityYear="2017" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="kathmandica">
<emphasis id="D9AE9DEB8B2F146AAEB0231D17094C9C" italics="true">R. kathmandica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CC45331F0E2E72E5AB205F3D35619DD1" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" author="Budha PB &amp; Naggs F &amp; Backeljau T" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="129-156" refId="B24" refString="Budha PB, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2017) Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species. ZooKeys 675: 129 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 675.13252" title="Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species." volume="675" year="2017">Budha &amp; Backeljau, 2017</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="7349A88B79AAA1E0B953779AA015C67D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">short cylindrical</td>
<td id="7F4C53BE521FCC66B8017AD476C8467D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">long cylindrical</td>
<td id="94A9BA4BDA53F0C320C0866FB04A7DF4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B8874F1987C1E357B1D1DF5CA421FE00">
<td id="748553E20C9100E0024DC9E4EC12C3AA" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="0F0E453C28676166335002EC38529ACA" authority="(Godwin-Austen, 1920)" baseAuthorityName="Godwin-Austen" baseAuthorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="longispira">
<emphasis id="08655074F2F683BEAB20407509014C4D" italics="true">R. longispira</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AA82CEBBF2F3A49F9DFBC28B471E497E" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="4598C41BA639B866B5E23F8B8FD7A2CE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">n / a</td>
<td id="12B44B91BF1BA976CEC3DB8CE21E700F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">long cylindrical</td>
<td id="21FDF08001F0F7DE0A7054210E54B175" colspan="1" rowspan="1">3, 6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="959E4EACD7FD68DAC88F380069204FE2">
<td id="41C3D348EA7A5FDCC4A14C88169BC869" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="22561ABC03487B532BEB6EFB0DAC27CF" authority="(Godwin-Austen, 1920)" baseAuthorityName="Godwin-Austen" baseAuthorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mastersi">
<emphasis id="9874C74598B90CFFFBC6203A63924B32" italics="true">R. mastersi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="13790C54926A8FF16DFB3737ED4258C2" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="0DA250A3351C79D83D8D97C9F38AB18F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">short cylindrical</td>
<td id="F5CF758B00F98A8DD5C3FCDB10B1F712" colspan="1" rowspan="1">long cylindrical</td>
<td id="AFB0598975B5E2210403D4EBAD84FB8C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2CAEEB9CE54AA794558570C4640F57DA">
<td id="3769737BA3DF3B4348D6ACDAD4A24157" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="342EAD93FF80D31AA9ACFE1932DE6534" authority="Budha &amp; Naggs, 2017" authorityName="Budha &amp; Naggs" authorityYear="2017" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nagarjunensis">
<emphasis id="CDDD3379488903F82CC944FF1D934CEA" italics="true">R. nagarjunensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="65F669E6AE99E96F4E09CD427571AEC8" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" author="Budha PB &amp; Naggs F &amp; Backeljau T" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="129-156" refId="B24" refString="Budha PB, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2017) Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species. ZooKeys 675: 129 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 675.13252" title="Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species." volume="675" year="2017">Budha &amp; Naggs, 2017</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="D2C39EF015ECC457272B295B4ADD113E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">short knob</td>
<td id="D4F676667F8DB5B598A0371E274A283B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">short knob</td>
<td id="2C7DF34B74FC7198CC962BF087F0D0CC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="68EF97B734D80F5E7B07532A0A1EB12F">
<td id="4256014601DC0DC17024D60570D50DB6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="02004F9DEC5E8F4A57A6B6D5179791A5" authority="Budha &amp; Naggs, 2017" authorityName="Budha &amp; Naggs" authorityYear="2017" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rishikeshi">
<emphasis id="99FA9F05B791A4DB4B4C07E02327BA36" italics="true">R. rishikeshi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AD136230738DC0F8E11600A13A72C3E6" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" author="Budha PB &amp; Naggs F &amp; Backeljau T" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="129-156" refId="B24" refString="Budha PB, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2017) Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species. ZooKeys 675: 129 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 675.13252" title="Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species." volume="675" year="2017">Budha &amp; Naggs, 2017</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="145BEE895522C9D7393EA4C70A34D374" colspan="1" rowspan="1">short cylindrical</td>
<td id="859E71CB83D40BB632E585C597C9D6DC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">long cylindrical</td>
<td id="4804A0021BE490CAE7173D8B637D21A7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3EE0F3C3B31FBA1120920F6EA827185D">
<td id="750104A1F1AA92CA604C9D3000647591" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="16DB0A135E0F8811BF60696D945C2EB5" authority="Budha &amp; Naggs, 2017" authorityName="Budha &amp; Naggs" authorityYear="2017" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="subulata">
<emphasis id="D126FA134EC4D52CDE4F153884DD22C7" italics="true">R. subulata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="86A0ECC6CCE8F36F7F19561F48838D76" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" author="Budha PB &amp; Naggs F &amp; Backeljau T" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="129-156" refId="B24" refString="Budha PB, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2017) Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species. ZooKeys 675: 129 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 675.13252" title="Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species." volume="675" year="2017">Budha &amp; Naggs, 2017</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="1469E1053C2572E83A55F6600D87BA3B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">short cylindrical</td>
<td id="12377ED1B6699C49246C4FF4D8255464" colspan="1" rowspan="1">long cylindrical</td>
<td id="85C8C6F1765DBDADE28FFA9AB3C89651" colspan="1" rowspan="1">6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="51C123441B719A9D87E7FEA64043BEF4">
<td id="8779C56251A2DD53DEDB0F7DEC46D57C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="072504615935069CF72C1B01F8CB8891" authority="Budha, 2017" authorityName="Budha" authorityYear="2017" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tribhuvana">
<emphasis id="B719C712CC2F255A8AA4877DEABC23B2" italics="true">R. tribhuvana</emphasis>
Budha, 2017
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="4C5F797805D9A41BBD9A88C73D75A85F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">short cylindrical</td>
<td id="F22448BA1DE2B5D1E3CE7E381A146F18" colspan="1" rowspan="1">long cylindrical</td>
<td id="0B59FFC10CE245229BDD9CDF292C47A2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="09052399C270C4B1C85C887E98B8BCB8">
<td id="0F7FCF17968EB75463536DD23027557F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="315EC042D34CE982A9FF43F8B5A05F7C" authority="(Benson, 1936)" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1936" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tenuispira">
<emphasis id="0BFFDD2A8E6263DB5A3C61E163C21623" italics="true">R. tenuispira</emphasis>
(Benson, 1936)
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="35A63649A894EFC16552996F7B84D317" colspan="1" rowspan="1">short cylindrical</td>
<td id="4E7636FD34556058B00385B13588F34B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">long cylindrical</td>
<td id="F1E3F514BE00F424A9127C8023630FDB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">4, 5</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="99422C6C205A672A00D257741C007647">
<taxonomicName id="76C835728ACFEACF8932E65C6CE1EB5B" authorityName="von Martens" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="36B95ADAD57608082C5A5147FE006EC2" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is widely distributed throughout the Indian subcontinent, and nearly 100 species have been described (
<bibRefCitation id="C79AB8F4DF2A44D769118512B68499A1" author="Godwin-Austen" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="39BCB33A3D2579CE97CE196DAEAC64A4" author="Schileyko" firstAuthor="Schileyko" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko 1999</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="CDBD7649711F9FFAB5BCE78AD78111FC" author="Ramakrishna" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ramakrishna" refId="B91" refString="Ramakrishna, Mitra SC, Dey A (2010) Annotated checklist of Indian land molluscs. Occasional paper no. 306. Zoological Survey of India, 359 pp." year="2010">Ramakrishna et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="F02F7DE81389CFF5DA7E7FF69CD364FF" DOI="10.14284/448" author="MolluscaBase" firstAuthor="MolluscaBase" refId="B61" refString="MolluscaBase eds (2023) MolluscaBase. https://www.molluscabase.org [in 202307 17] https://doi.org/10.14284/448" url="https://www.molluscabase.org" year="2023">MolluscaBase 2023</bibRefCitation>
). Among the sporadic species recorded in Southeast Asia,
<collectingCountry id="D043817482311D8621C1EB0A01F409AD" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
has 12 species (
<bibRefCitation id="638CFC25E5A4486E304D7D3490B03404" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="A7EE946DF7372CFA9C5F1D8425E48E8D" author="Godwin-Austen" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920</bibRefCitation>
), while two species,
<taxonomicName id="D4B572AA4352F97F4A4082E5EAE1C350" authority="von Mollendorff, 1899" authorityName="von Mollendorff" authorityYear="1899" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="latestriata">
<emphasis id="158F54163AE139E98DFAE2D464AD4408" italics="true">G. latestriata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD2588E20312AE5C56329BA8AB3E3AC" author="von Möllendorff OF" refId="B119" refString="von Mollendorff OF (1899) Neue arten aus Hinterindien. Nachrichtsblatt der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft 31: 165, 166. https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 28228787" url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28228787" year="1899">von Möllendorff, 1899</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E86F81A258631BA52C056CCB9595952B" authority="Morlet 1893" authorityName="Morlet" authorityYear="1893" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="paviei">
<emphasis id="4CB6AAC00AD3EC1667B8DB266169B700" italics="true">G. paviei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9637A87EB32F945DEAA19605F8D72D33" author="Morlet" firstAuthor="Morlet" issue="1892" journalOrPublisher="Journal de Conchyliologie" pagination="315-329" refId="B63" refString="Morlet L (1893) Descriptions ďespèces nouvelles provenant de ľIndochine. Journal de Conchyliologie 40 [1892]: 315329." title="Descriptions ďespèces nouvelles provenant de ľIndochine." volume="40" year="1893">Morlet 1893</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, have been recorded from
<collectingCountry id="E4B2A7DC8E445A8581AC4DF2223ECEB4" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="1445CC35F000FC821B312E1480A5D760" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="6F9F5615CC9ADDC3A2970B3EF7156E2E" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, and another two species,
<taxonomicName id="3F6403F10C42336FBCA9956970D1734B" authority="(von Martens, 1864)" baseAuthorityName="von Martens" baseAuthorityYear="1864" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sumatrana">
<emphasis id="7D4F52C4825C44CFB5F531995D1BCA72" italics="true">G. sumatrana</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C5F1C88E7A568B6C4DBB53759D21C4C8" author="von Martens E" journalOrPublisher="Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademien der Wissenschaften zu Berlin" pagination="523-529" refId="B115" refString="von Martens E (1864) Diagnosen neuer Heliceen aus dem ostasiatischen Archipel. Monatsberichte der Koniglichen Preussischen Akademien der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1864: 523 - 529. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 35180469 # page / 541 /" title="Diagnosen neuer Heliceen aus dem ostasiatischen Archipel." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35180469#page/541/" volume="1864" year="1864">von Martens, 1864</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="103C5771CF5EB813D63B3410A508FBB3" authority="(Pfeiffer, 1856)" baseAuthorityName="Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="wallacei">
<emphasis id="E461835DCCCAF426DA7A2CFFE3FBF252" italics="true">G. wallacei</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="63EAF18A6BFB4F4EBF1DB84CAFD6162F" author="Pfeiffer L" journalOrPublisher="Malakozoologische Blätter" pagination="112-185" refId="B77" refString="Pfeiffer L (1856) Versuch einer Anordnung der Heliceen nach naturlichen Gruppen. Malakozoologische Blatter 2: 112 - 185. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 53876" title="Versuch einer Anordnung der Heliceen nach natürlichen Gruppen." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/53876" volume="2" year="1856">Pfeiffer, 1856</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="13967BE3B861BAAB9A9D98791C8DBD91" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="147390F0607F9AB814EC4DFFBAAF02DF" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.13026" author="Tenison-Woods" firstAuthor="Tenison-Woods" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales" pagination="1003-1095" refId="B104" refString="Tenison-Woods JE (1888) Malaysian land and freshwater Mollusca. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 3: 10031095. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.13026" title="Malaysian land and freshwater Mollusca." volume="3" year="1888">Tenison-Woods 1888</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="23D87819A2C8B42965B2D94A9D898513" author="van Benthem Jutting" firstAuthor="van Benthem Jutting" journalOrPublisher="Treubia" pagination="291-435" refId="B110" refString="van Benthem Jutting WSS (1952) Systematic studies on the non-marine Mollusca of the Ind-Australian archipelago. Treubia 21: 291435." title="Systematic studies on the non-marine Mollusca of the Ind-Australian archipelago." volume="21" year="1952">van Benthem Jutting 1952</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="26F414ECF3EE388DA2DFA7A095269A0E" author="Solem" firstAuthor="Solem" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zoologia Musei Hauniensis" pagination="1-110" refId="B99" refString="Solem A (1966) Some non-marine mollusks from Thailand. Spolia Zoologia Musei Hauniensis 24: 1110." title="Some non-marine mollusks from Thailand." volume="24" year="1966">Solem 1966</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="62C13564D5977EFE4440ECC5F077B732" author="Schileyko" firstAuthor="Schileyko" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Ruthenica" pagination="1-68" refId="B96" refString="Schileyko AA (2011) Checklist of land pulmonate molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora). Ruthenica 21 (1): 168." title="Checklist of land pulmonate molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)." volume="21" year="2011">Schileyko 2011</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8A7069BF1B338D86E740EC4F6B303A64" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" author="Inkhavilay" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Inkhavilay" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="1-166" refId="B47" refString="Inkhavilay K, Sutcharit C, Bantaowong U, Chanabun R, Siriwut W, Srisonchai R, Pholyotha A, Jirapatrasilp P, Panha S (2019) Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 834: 1166. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" title="Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda)." volume="834" year="2019">Inkhavilay et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="95B42AECBFD2E704226F8463FF4DF3CC">
In this study, only five species including a new species,
<taxonomicName id="3DAEE4BE365D307020DD70DF52F5C620" authority="Nevill, 1877" authorityName="Nevill" authorityYear="1877" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="blanfordiana">
<emphasis id="CA986C68A0B18455E51E21092D406CF5" italics="true">G. blanfordiana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="41E30B97C645B48D933021B92BC2A23A" author="Nevill G" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="14-41" refId="B68" refString="Nevill G (1877) List of the Mollusca brought back by Dr. J. Anderson from Yunnan and Upper Burma, with descriptions of new species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 46 (2): 14 - 41. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 110105" title="List of the Mollusca brought back by Dr. J. Anderson from Yunnan and Upper Burma, with descriptions of new species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110105" volume="46" year="1877">Nevill, 1877</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="21F14EDEF3E943C858102BC8478D6451" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1920" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="feddeni">
<emphasis id="A242A451B6FFF3A315E9F463D5C4B94E" italics="true">G. feddeni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7AFB29D501233E9C56D9D64D43028B9C" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="ACA53D212384AE8A79E7E5B558DE9783" authority="(Reeve, 1850)" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gemma">
<emphasis id="C48DC48F32331E284E16CF23EF7CFE89" italics="true">G. gemma</emphasis>
(Reeve, 1850)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="79A045069743FB7F12A9077D29FE8316" authorityName="von Mollendorff" authorityYear="1899" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="latestriata">
<emphasis id="8B45509414165F994AF96E790DEE4CFE" italics="true">G. latestriata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="219268ED78C41181284A1FF8C3C4F909" authorityName="Man &amp; Ablett &amp; Lwin &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mandalayensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="991E73E1E55125FAD422C8342676946E" italics="true">G. mandalayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FE659E92E63C5F5E4D1D83E02F95365A" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
have been collected and re-described.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
<document id="F865DA3F774A9B85FFC707A6ADF10556" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083" ID-ZooBank="0215503D-E8B4-4179-89F6-FB2CCC59F37E" ID-publisher-id="116083" URI-arpha="CF5F342A-04A4-57D6-860A-D48A80ACC24A" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/0215503D-E8B4-4179-89F6-FB2CCC59F37E" XM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" XM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" XM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="admin" XM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="admin" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1722361871078" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Man, Nem Sian, Ablett, Jonathan D., Lwin, Ngwe, Sutcharit, Chirasak &amp; Panha, Somsak" docDate="2024" docId="0E793DAE8ED45288AD5AB4DB6E2D22FD" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1208: 173-239" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1208" docSource="https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/116083/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Tortaxis Pilsbry 1906" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="239" masterDocId="CF5F342A04A457D6860AD48A80ACC24A" masterDocTitle="Contributions on a small collection of the former Subulinidae Fischer &amp; Crosse, 1877 (Eupulmonata, Achatinoidea) with catalogue of the Glessula and Rishetia species recorded from Myanmar" masterLastPageNumber="239" masterPageNumber="173" pageNumber="173" updateTime="1722370176574" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:title id="D4CDDA194FA424A7300410B287861EFC">Contributions on a small collection of the former Subulinidae Fischer &amp; Crosse, 1877 (Eupulmonata, Achatinoidea) with catalogue of the Glessula and Rishetia species recorded from Myanmar</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="E545CCF0FC3496510448E881774C525B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="EFBF12A069B76D7D0F82DDBA59B85CA8">
<mods:roleTerm id="54AA1A1F3332D83518AA33153308C14C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="692E6A931344A6193782D7760A15D999">Man, Nem Sian</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="24068E09B4885FDB804D6A1724B8F61E" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4453-734X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6E064FBEA513D497C15D1C58DCD71724">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand &amp; Department of Zoology, University of Yangon, University Avenue Road, Kamayut Township 11041, Yangon, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="13A0D5FA8797000292DE4DC2F0CD14F9" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1CDE489AD7D3DCB912C990C59910F489">Ablett, Jonathan D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DA24B11365655285114E71301CD15F88" type="ORCID">0000-0002-7277-1934</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="A80F72027448CE3F3A59609F6C38EE70">Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="5C5211EC7B03EB5A8306047485941090">Lwin, Ngwe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="78703C2958D6720BBC9624B782722909">Fauna and Flora International, No. 35, 3 rd Floor, Shan Gone Condo, Myay Ni Gone Market Street, Sanchaung Township, Yangon, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="85C2EC1ECC8AB96953C31E3616E4D2C3">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="C68EC63F1878726B23D700A616DEC217">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand &amp; Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<heading id="13A250670456C1E608446FA885AD8E49" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="8C3FBC163A7A4E5A1970050E9DC29D87" authority="Pilsbry, 1906" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1906" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Tortaxis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="96A65AACF9A10652369F066CD6CC06FB" italics="true">Tortaxis</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="1E3F74EF4DB190CC9F5F0D704291983A" italics="true">Tortaxis</emphasis>
<comment id="379290C005AC87CB10B63E3E62BEE189">
<bibRefCitation id="A97D6FF664577FA1B12E8B8AA940955D" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [1906 - 1907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1 - 357. [pls 1 - 51] [pp 1 - 272, pls 1 - 34 (1906); pp 273 - 357, pls 35 - 51 (1907)] https: // doi. org / 10.1175 / 1520 - 0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry, 1906: 5</bibRefCitation>
, 6.
<treatmentCitation id="F52C165D552536BF327A75806120FCBE" author="Zilch A" page="347" year="1959">
<bibRefCitation id="D1DBF4B2BFEDE38C151DFA5125B57773" author="Zilch A" editor="Schindewolf OH" journalOrPublisher="Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin" pagination="201-400" refId="B124" refString="Zilch A (1959) Gastropoda, Euthyneura. In: Schindewolf OH (Ed.) Handbuch der Paläozoologie, Band 6, Gastropoda. Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin, 201400." title="Gastropoda, Euthyneura." volumeTitle="Handbuch der Paläozoologie, Band 6, Gastropoda." year="1959">Zilch. 1959</bibRefCitation>
: 347
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="E0DCD6B7865CDD70A07DD5BC907607F2" author="Schileyko AA" page="534" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="0EDEBE3C3726190F9149837BB2959BEB" author="Schileyko AA" firstAuthor="Schileyko" page="534" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko 1999: 534</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="7FB773CE987D97F32AAEED255C0AD6FC" author="Schileyko AA" page="10" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="39F8A8C35516BA33571977EE39F306A7" author="Schileyko AA" firstAuthor="Schileyko" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Ruthenica" page="10" pagination="1-68" refId="B96" refString="Schileyko AA (2011) Checklist of land pulmonate molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora). Ruthenica 21 (1): 168." title="Checklist of land pulmonate molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)." volume="21" year="2011">Schileyko 2011: 10</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="59700DD3828BAA9F4BFF17F33D9F778D" author="Do DS &amp; Do VN" page="455" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="5B881FE13F44D714C1DE8A13746FBC2C" DOI="10.15625/0866-7160/v36n4.6174" author="Do DS &amp; Do VN" firstAuthor="Do" issue="11" journalOrPublisher="Tapchi Sinh Hoc" page="455" pagination="451-459" refId="B30" refString="Do DS, Do VN (2014) The land snail family Subulinidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) from Sonla, Vietnam, with description of two new species. Tapchi Sinh Hoc 36 (11): 451459. https://doi.org/10.15625/0866-7160/v36n4.6174" title="The land snail family Subulinidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) from Sonla, Vietnam, with description of two new species." volume="36" year="2014">Do and Do 2014: 455</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0E5GGK" type="type species">
<paragraph id="E8862E6A62931479F9E0A36CCEBACC6A">
<heading id="7B39A18D46D879994D046D8E474DB06C" reason="title">Type species.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="92679BEAD0EEB857FDD65DE0B1902D37">
<taxonomicName id="2FDCE2F43C5CDA179A1F236501B54E9A" authority="Benson, 1842" authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1842" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="erecta">
<emphasis id="111377BAB7E948C225691CF6E9CA4F6B" italics="true">Achatina erecta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="C359F332E7E48205B76C0971EBEF5F3B" author="Benson WH" refId="B10" refString="Benson WH (1842) Mollusca. In: T. Cantor, General features of Chusan, with remarks on the flora and fauna of that island. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 1 9 (60): 486 - 490. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 18684698" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/18684698" year="1842">Benson, 1842</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EPHGK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="74A15DA4D6F53591E7FF521BB17993CB">
<heading id="D84633E74AD03E2D867D047B5D29B677" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0CE15EEC693386D83755A83612EDAF14">Shell slender, cylindrically shaped; spire high, mostly turreted, and gradually attenuated; embryonic whorls smooth, and subsequent whorls with nearly smooth to strong radial ribs. Aperture vertical, narrow, and oblong; columella concave or straight and with spiral fold below; columellar margin with or without expansion near umbilicus. Umbilicus narrowly opened or closed.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EUHGK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="4E79DE373235827AA64730200DD905CA">
<heading id="A621F5639A262D56838C2348130F8C2F" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="15D7816CF58BDA56439CF033D33C094C">
<taxonomicName id="1B5EF78B1E02489663983B3ACCA621D9" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1906" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Tortaxis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B6FF958414049981E51F22026E40DB0B" italics="true">Tortaxis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from other subulinid taxa from
<collectingCountry id="1DE5B408FA54114DF7EFA433449EF569" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, namely
<taxonomicName id="DA679A40C173F949EC668B9E512DEE38" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1935" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Allopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3F96F2C01A93FD09F6088D0A33A5265A" italics="true">Allopeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="42C00D781877F6DF2168AB619F30A511" authorityName="Albers" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Opeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FC0E19273A46003428BEEA7916F0DE52" italics="true">Opeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="FE09753724CEEEC7F46DB49A2B2BAB5E" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bacillum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="95E79FADD3EE15EF875CA855015905F9" italics="true">Bacillum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, by having a slender, cylindrical, and turreted spire, flatter whorls, smooth embryonic whorls, a large and rounded apex, and a distinct spiral fold on the columella (Table
<tableCitation id="62AD87EC9C41C78CD4FFAD17182207BD" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of shell morphology among subulinid genera recorded in Myanmar. The superscript numbers are references; 1 = Pilsbry (1906), 2 = Gude (1914), 3 = Godwin-Austen (1920), 4 = Naggs (1994), 5 = Schileyko (1999), and 6 = Budha et al. (2017)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7320BC8BE0D4AF3B31AE4617F5EE0127" tableUuid="7320BC8BE0D4AF3B31AE4617F5EE0127">2</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="83B7F29D9D3B673FE2077A24B3154CA6">
The genus is mainly distributed in Southeast Asia and southern
<collectingCountry id="DAB9948FB37472AF946A2B09C4F6F6A2" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
and comprises 14 extant species (
<bibRefCitation id="A8CC859941B8F6507D5D89E8566721C2" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1E2CD5574C093AC921FFC38D45019058" author="Schileyko" firstAuthor="Schileyko" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko 1999</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EB8A6423DE950AA1F91BCE4AA54EC556" DOI="10.14284/448" author="MolluscaBase" firstAuthor="MolluscaBase" refId="B61" refString="MolluscaBase eds (2023) MolluscaBase. https://www.molluscabase.org [in 202307 17] https://doi.org/10.14284/448" url="https://www.molluscabase.org" year="2023">MolluscaBase 2023</bibRefCitation>
) and one Miocene-amber fossil from
<collectingCountry id="A3C6965626804E727E89563D5CC29400" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="0FA48FE1E2F8F0F2B5E29286E0DB2E3C" DOI="10.1016/j.palwor.2022.07.004" author="Yu" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Yu" issue="4" journalOrPublisher="Palaeoworld (Amsterdam)" pagination="721-728" refId="B123" refString="Yu T-T, Páll-Gergely B, Salvador RB (2023) Caenogastropoda and Stylommatophora (Gastropoda) from the mid-Miocene Zhangpu amber of East Asia. Palaeoworld (Amsterdam) 32 (4): 721728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palwor.2022.07.004" title="Caenogastropoda and Stylommatophora (Gastropoda) from the mid-Miocene Zhangpu amber of East Asia." volume="32" year="2023">Yu et al. 2023</bibRefCitation>
). In Indochina, nine species have been reported from
<collectingCountry id="56B05B57ACDF406202529951578E7205" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, and only one species from
<collectingCountry id="567418DD8129579F257DA5659ADD07F2" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="082648E4917FCC6384901DD0B5808CB0" author="Panha" firstAuthor="Panha" refId="B72" refString="Panha S (1998) A checklist and classification of the terrestrial pulmonate snails of Thailand. Walkerana 8 [19951996] (19): 3140." year="1998">Panha 1998</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="29F3293DDEF7AFFDD76DA9686F40CE18" author="Schileyko" firstAuthor="Schileyko" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Ruthenica" pagination="1-68" refId="B96" refString="Schileyko AA (2011) Checklist of land pulmonate molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora). Ruthenica 21 (1): 168." title="Checklist of land pulmonate molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)." volume="21" year="2011">Schileyko 2011</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="90EDDE88AD22E971600428009636F104" DOI="10.15625/0866-7160/v36n4.6174" author="Do and Do" firstAuthor="Do" issue="11" journalOrPublisher="Tapchi Sinh Hoc" pagination="451-459" refId="B30" refString="Do DS, Do VN (2014) The land snail family Subulinidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) from Sonla, Vietnam, with description of two new species. Tapchi Sinh Hoc 36 (11): 451459. https://doi.org/10.15625/0866-7160/v36n4.6174" title="The land snail family Subulinidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) from Sonla, Vietnam, with description of two new species." volume="36" year="2014">Do and Do 2014</bibRefCitation>
). In this study, we propose one new species which marks the first record of the genus in
<collectingCountry id="07E17CC34FB2F5A56641282D1DC2163F" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
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</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
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<paragraph id="20225E240D6A6DD8FC0907CA23E25230">
<heading id="F63659FB2FBE0464AA5FFEC097FD5326" reason="label">17</heading>
<taxonomicName id="B207EE6437EA5A70A12B79AC03497D7F" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1920" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perlevis">
<emphasis id="9ADC741FC7B1DC92165DEC2930A0B0EE" italics="true">Glessula perlevis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1472885B8CA08829ABBCA0B7A67F2C38" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="DC8DD6A8494434C8DF7C0481C4B5B354">
<figureCitation id="631117FA048285BDD8CA061A26932C30" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. A Glessula orophila, specimen NHMUK ex. Blanford collection from Mahableshwar B, C Glessula peguensis, specimen NHMUK 1909.3. 15.8 from Thyet-Myo D, E Glessula perlevis, syntypes NHMUK 1906.5. 5.89 from Shan Hills, Burma F Glessula ponsiensis, syntypes NHMUK 1989042 from Ponsee." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104508">Fig. 10 D, E</figureCitation>
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<paragraph id="929040BF67D59A76004E5598D7B7BCF8">
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<emphasis id="83C2C7337FC48A405292EE49D377D1F9" italics="true">Glessula perlevis</emphasis>
<comment id="4DC1422C41F3074AA2CB7508772AFF0A">
<bibRefCitation id="0A825DAE7BCC1B1A2B1723DCA952005C" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920: 59</bibRefCitation>
. Type locality:
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Hills [
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,
<collectingCountry id="40D9A8B786A024DADB27429A6088A79D" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
].
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<subSubSection id="SECID0EAVAK" type="Type specimens">
<paragraph id="0D5746DBA8890C91989BC941BB5F3C51">
<heading id="4519E7DFE7F2F068D1FF4E3429783370" reason="title">Type specimens.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="13E020E7AA0AF13CAD3CEF6D0FC3A92C">
<emphasis id="F5DF8A1C81D25E5E6FFAF453C9D2D783" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="E58931A7461901B72995F60C2D8ED6C9" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
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1906.5. 5.89 [re-registered in error as 1986023] (5 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="B97EE1DEF2E424DBF38597BC5A9C9B7D" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. A Glessula orophila, specimen NHMUK ex. Blanford collection from Mahableshwar B, C Glessula peguensis, specimen NHMUK 1909.3. 15.8 from Thyet-Myo D, E Glessula perlevis, syntypes NHMUK 1906.5. 5.89 from Shan Hills, Burma F Glessula ponsiensis, syntypes NHMUK 1989042 from Ponsee." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104508">10 D, E</figureCitation>
) ex. Godwin-Austen collection from
<collectingRegion id="320CF4F8E90AFECF41D9CEC992AF175C" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan</collectingRegion>
Hills,
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.
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<paragraph id="415543E81351FDC6A7ADD1DADA707CD2">
<heading id="35731537F35C208866DCD4D47F988A85" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
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<paragraph id="E68595D2F955EE6DD3CB4E8C318B7C8D">Shell oblong ovate and regularly attenuated; spire high conical; apex rounded and blunt; subsequent whorls nearly smooth with very weak growth lines, and somewhat strong irregularly spaced ridges near suture. Suture impressed and whorls slightly convex. Aperture ovate; columella concave and truncated.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="65F24AE2A4C65DAA4EE36362C730D335">
<heading id="1146698DB53610C3EB7528293A41ADBD" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
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<paragraph id="2A72D50B7A0F166BEE06B3BC491916AD">
This species is known only from the type locality in the
<collectingRegion id="4E8A8B1BD7FC09295C8A476C2DF53860" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan</collectingRegion>
Hills near
<collectingRegion id="A1E84EC690FDC1EC754098CBB07E94B0" country="Myanmar" name="Mandalay">Mandalay</collectingRegion>
. The type locality noted by Godwin-Austen seems ambiguous because it was described as probably comes from the
<collectingRegion id="8E87236409B0EAAC9537153D9F2EB165" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
near
<collectingRegion id="EBAA3596842402D9E8986E8892006704" country="Myanmar" name="Mandalay">Mandalay</collectingRegion>
collected by Fedden (
<bibRefCitation id="FF24D771A41459E5E63F80F30524317E" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920: 59</bibRefCitation>
).
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<subSubSection id="SECID0E5VAK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="A54996FA5856548E8F48ABA0E40A5440">
<heading id="DBB0538D764A7B8F2170CCEEB5623F79" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F4F8C7AF7DE0126857E9C12BC8AB3BE">
<bibRefCitation id="67874E52E4D4819F8A6CE9ADC7261544" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen (1920)</bibRefCitation>
described this species based on
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in the Blanford collection. The species description included one set of shell measurements, the number of specimens examined and the W. T. Blanford catalogue number Type No. 89.06.5.5 (
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1906.5. 5.89), and there was no illustration of the shell. The
<named-content id="16511BAD6581B33F4E2AD12ACD69F578" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="E8082A33C6C13C8FBF99FEB542017FF8" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
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collections contain a type specimen lot consisting of five shells (2 matures +
<specimenCount id="3D43526DF1852E42E0C76EC644F4F32D" count="3" type="immature">3 immatures</specimenCount>
) with an original label stating Types. The mature shells correspond well with the shell dimensions given in the original description and are illustrated herein for the first time.
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<mods:number id="6A129A0CE179D937925BA1F5921ACDF4">2024-07-30</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="4CC58C1B515F14FED34263C725A62823" type="volume">
<mods:number id="7C16436B02268867779CF13599A270A5">1208</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="C5E719E2A59BB2CFA15E2A8CBFB7B49E" unit="page">
<mods:start id="B035F2E049FE9228160697083B97F2ED">173</mods:start>
<mods:end id="E14E4F62BD9D4E1F7A575AB1FC4D7DC4">239</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="5A49E95A36AC33FADE22A49417FA5A7A">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="FA6E7E5D9540A06AA5CE56239BEE9662" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="423D8D15AF8321D3239133C66175C8CC" type="ZooBank">0215503D-E8B4-4179-89F6-FB2CCC59F37E</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="1FAF6C145BA45EB1A10D36DCFF31DAF9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13137110" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13137110" ID-arpha="1FAF6C14-5BA4-5EB1-A10D-36DCFF31DAF9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1FAF6C145BA45EB1A10D36DCFF31DAF9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1FAF6C145BA45EB1A10D36DCFF31DAF9">
<subSubSection id="B3E26638056D14D0325B249D7998509D" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="51487170335A67F0322E6E6BA48A41CA">
<heading id="294C37F607FF2E0A9F081887C2278D86" reason="label">8</heading>
<taxonomicName id="6F383CBE33F97714F809B986D18760AD" authority="Nevill, 1877" authorityName="Nevill" authorityYear="1877" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="blanfordiana">
<emphasis id="B37ECCBE31A72CB99568466F6BFAAC9B" italics="true">Glessula blanfordiana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6507260BECDC588F1EBC0FE2506C731E" author="Nevill G" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="14-41" refId="B68" refString="Nevill G (1877) List of the Mollusca brought back by Dr. J. Anderson from Yunnan and Upper Burma, with descriptions of new species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 46 (2): 14 - 41. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 110105" title="List of the Mollusca brought back by Dr. J. Anderson from Yunnan and Upper Burma, with descriptions of new species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110105" volume="46" year="1877">Nevill, 1877</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="099A28470F52C66C08726E11AF07145D" type="description">
<paragraph id="83191266FA61BCAD0A8B9DBF26F68C79">
<figureCitation id="4DE8DFE227666F1F5538608B6BCF1689" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A D Glessula blanfordiana A, B syntypes NHMUK 1988150 from Ponsee, Yunnan, W. China and C, D specimen CUMZ 13067 from Taunggyi, Shan State, Myanmar E, F Glessula crassilabris E syntype UMZC I. 102430 from Bengal (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 51 e) and F specimen NHMUK from Cherrapoonji (M 10604 / 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104503">Fig. 5 A D</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="9D40E60DF820BC3929F1679EDE55262B" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Shell measurements of subulinid species examined in this study. SH: shell height; SW: shell width. The localities numbers are indicated in Fig. 1." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B099E9B05D409B67DECF1570A3A8359F" tableUuid="B099E9B05D409B67DECF1570A3A8359F">Table 1</tableCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FDE1769A0FC86852D43D7B66538EA70D" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="22CF3B25F11F510271C03376BF1071B4">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="4AF88E37757D52CD80CEFAB46BCC60A5">
<treatmentCitation id="9CA01598304AAE6941B5860830B6187B" author="Nevill G" page="26" year="1877">
<taxonomicName id="5965266C66EB5B5D41E95FA0FF2A5C93" ID-CoL="7RFHX" authority="Nevill, 1877: 26" authorityName="Nevill" authorityPageNumber="26" authorityYear="1877" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="blanfordiana">
<emphasis id="B15AB45111FE7473054456E9DA87B1AA" italics="true">Glessula blanfordiana</emphasis>
<comment id="BC2E08E288014A1180F5FDF7361CAD22">
<bibRefCitation id="E1EDB58A81C029202DCDA1A340B6CDB5" author="Nevill G" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="14-41" refId="B68" refString="Nevill G (1877) List of the Mollusca brought back by Dr. J. Anderson from Yunnan and Upper Burma, with descriptions of new species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 46 (2): 14 - 41. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 110105" title="List of the Mollusca brought back by Dr. J. Anderson from Yunnan and Upper Burma, with descriptions of new species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110105" volume="46" year="1877">Nevill, 1877: 26</bibRefCitation>
. Type locality: Ponsee,
<collectingRegion id="175BF29A163517E295DCFE28040C6B08" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
[Ponsee, Kahkyen Hills,
<collectingRegion id="24224563CF6B99D1696F3E618C247E0A" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="EE36704248A4B1B2515FCC9494263E6E" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
].
<treatmentCitation id="31C16C7C1AC4758DA441A39601E33E6D" author="Beddome CR" page="171" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="A07A86DB4502391FF8EAD9ED4488F6EF" DOI="10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" author="Beddome CR" firstAuthor="Beddome" page="171" refId="B8" refString="Beddome CR (1906) Notes on Indian and Ceylonese species of Glessula. The Journal of Molluscan Studies 6 (3): 160172. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" year="1906">Beddome 1906: 171</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. Pilsbry 1909: 98, pl. 13, fig. 11.
<treatmentCitation id="2CB8583096D1988B18C67B5AF9E8C2B9" author="Gude GK" page="437" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="88B9974B24A9AEBDF0B06EC429003E64" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="437" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 437</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 438.
<treatmentCitation id="A1204C4413C5EB97EEE64B5B3DE8145F" author="Godwin-Austen HH" page="56" year="1920">
<bibRefCitation id="8C21A70F73E13B22065CB28AE3FCDB87" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="56" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920: 56</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 164, fig. 21.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E2F088904EA44030DFBF548C3FAC6761">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="0431E3A7D0F5B0E98062CF6FD9071992">
<taxonomicName id="BD8DC621E595A6D69D54A17F97B44995" ID-CoL="7T7LX" baseAuthorityName="G. Nevill" baseAuthorityYear="1877" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="blanfordiana" subGenus="Glessula">
<emphasis id="F9798CF34E01D5BEBCE0D7959A7F2C7D" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="467C9BDAEEBAB3D30EC49FFB676D3605" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="87B2A851F052746C7646B1A8E9095DA9" italics="true">blanfordiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="2CDD36D37C2C00BE0FC89DF23A91AB01">
<treatmentCitation id="13A94E6F93DBFA9343051B211A52E808" author="Nevill G" page="138" year="1881">
<bibRefCitation id="68A8D28696DF59A73E7DBE07EC1319F4" author="Nevill G" firstAuthor="Nevill" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" page="138" pagination="125-167" refId="B70" refString="Nevill G (1881) New or little-known Mollusca of the Indo-Malayan Fauna. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 50 (2): 125167. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110180" title="New or little-known Mollusca of the Indo-Malayan Fauna." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110180" volume="50" year="1881">Nevill 1881: 138</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 5, fig. 12.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EWCCI" type="Type specimens">
<paragraph id="7E7F802985DC5D572A410F76BB5646C2">
<heading id="B6CF8F595E39F93D0D608860459F9202" reason="title">Type specimens.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="142F32981785572014FC3C740EE601F9">
<emphasis id="6A889B701DA0223A518832E413D683BD" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="DC9DDE4D915B521D550C74B8D4580107" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<named-content id="BEF12DF9763D0575AC52DA30172895D4" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="836667DA00647F694B3EF96ED7E6EC74" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1988150 (2 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="C9042B80CF10A6F5A07DAB45D5E98A49" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A D Glessula blanfordiana A, B syntypes NHMUK 1988150 from Ponsee, Yunnan, W. China and C, D specimen CUMZ 13067 from Taunggyi, Shan State, Myanmar E, F Glessula crassilabris E syntype UMZC I. 102430 from Bengal (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 51 e) and F specimen NHMUK from Cherrapoonji (M 10604 / 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104503">5 A, B</figureCitation>
) ex. Godwin-Austen collection from Ponsee,
<collectingRegion id="9BF0F17909D31DB8D1F2287FC2EC2F60" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
, W.
<collectingCountry id="7ED3A1F1D4084DFA0F8FD9C308A878F1" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EKDCI" type="material">
<paragraph id="FAA454757FFC90A224FC7BB4C95DB8F6">
<heading id="14397890FFDFC96AD702ECDBCD99CD0A" reason="title">Other material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F7F7FAAC4F66FCF43BF225EF576714D2">
Aik Kham Cave, Taunggyi Township, Taunggyi District,
<collectingRegion id="F72862F543182079F90C632F08077FF5" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="8AD6C68D0284EB12FE14A6A3B170E11A" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ETDCI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[97.228333,20.818611]}">
<geoCoordinate id="0A8C0393482B98B89E684133B0CE395B" degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="07.0" value="20.818611">20 ° 49 ' 07.0 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="344FE784EF279F98855478FCDBBE7503" degrees="97" direction="east" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="42.0" value="97.22833">97 ° 13 ' 42.0 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
):
<named-content id="D11505BACFE56F573E6E06C6D64F8212" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">
<collectionCode id="0D4649F0A6615C3106BAA50E5291B042" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/da58-p0xp" name="Cameroon University, Museum of Zoology" type="">CUMZ</collectionCode>
</named-content>
13067 (3 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="194B6D2A491F365237A4821C5C9485E2" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A D Glessula blanfordiana A, B syntypes NHMUK 1988150 from Ponsee, Yunnan, W. China and C, D specimen CUMZ 13067 from Taunggyi, Shan State, Myanmar E, F Glessula crassilabris E syntype UMZC I. 102430 from Bengal (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 51 e) and F specimen NHMUK from Cherrapoonji (M 10604 / 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104503">5 C, D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="63212FFE0F448276FCF19DE125B27782" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure5" ID-arpha="E1FFC094-C885-5CF1-92A7-30B5241EC806" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104503" startId="F5">
<paragraph id="1B413A86C3FAE4FFF60F4B2725ECBE2D">
<label id="12B493CE6E6414649F345578A9B5DA28">Figure 5.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="499A3CC4EB8A47EA58969D5D49DB60BC">
<emphasis id="1167036E88093F11E9EBB3065010917C" bold="true">A D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="732DCB9CF50BF1244D8B4A7B22CAAC07" authorityName="Nevill" authorityYear="1877" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="blanfordiana">
<emphasis id="D4DF2110672125FB26E59D68E96A915E" italics="true">Glessula blanfordiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="66B23D0D8E75E46DA480CCC262977ACB" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
syntypes
<named-content id="25B3E1724174C7A02A45DAE59853275C" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1988150 from Ponsee, Yunnan, W. China and
<emphasis id="2699A00FB72155AC17ECD6F0D2B64F48" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
specimen
<named-content id="846BA5063E9DC618786F24AFB00F333F" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">CUMZ</named-content>
13067 from Taunggyi, Shan State, Myanmar
<emphasis id="35C58068DC6CA0DA98F5296A98233A1F" bold="true">E, F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0FFFEC855D906501969E6C36B6102BFB" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crassilabris">
<emphasis id="1D640FB241A2DFD26B5AE5A7588E4433" italics="true">Glessula crassilabris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="45DDAC391A10DFEE2A9D46B3A67BE97B" bold="true">E</emphasis>
syntype
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0ETFCI" xlink_title="University Museum of Zoology Cambridge, Cambridge">UMZC</abbrev>
I. 102430 from Bengal (after
<bibRefCitation id="02F9FE94198ACBA6DD8373024F77F6CF" author="Preece" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Preece" refId="B88" refString="Preece RC, White TS, Raheem DC, Ketchum H, Ablett J, Taylor H, Naggs F (2022) William Benson and the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1434." year="2022">Preece et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 51 e) and
<emphasis id="519C16FE3F11DD2746C9F320FB11F0E1" bold="true">F</emphasis>
specimen
<named-content id="BBA17296FBAB6B92F8E173F0865FF715" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
from Cherrapoonji (M 10604 / 2).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EIGCI" type="description">
<paragraph id="5FC6E9A36361ACA4A9C7C0BBA8A08A24">
<heading id="C1BC4F53BA7165D60053181EEC020F2F" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B51F7FEDB5DC55788AD2A7F357CBD892">Shell ovately conical, solid, brownish colour, and with 66 ½ whorls. Apex rounded; protoconch ~ 2 whorls with weak radial striations; subsequent whorls with equally and widely spaced ribs, more raised, and coarser near suture of last whorl. Spire regularly attenuated, slightly turreted; whorls convex; suture deep; last whorl largest. Aperture obliquely and narrowly ovate; peristome white and thickened; columella short, concave, slightly twisted and abruptly truncated. Umbilicus closed.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENGCI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="1E4CA3A2BD5A10D617DB7FD86DBA1541">
<heading id="0967C8CC26BA1BA5592B63A266065CB4" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="939CE7F202C64EAEEE00ADFF9B41092C">
This species was originally described from
<collectingRegion id="514F2BBFA5919D11D323E45775A28B92" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="294458EFCF985122B07442C96335E8FF" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
, and subsequently reported from Bhamo,
<collectingRegion id="9E735AF899DE532A20CBEF96C2A0F810" country="Myanmar" name="Kachin">Kachin State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="9AEA3A9E53408C20EB3B6C19A750CD18" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="21034A39A737E867C5CD217C6B2407F4" author="Nevill" firstAuthor="Nevill" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="125-167" refId="B70" refString="Nevill G (1881) New or little-known Mollusca of the Indo-Malayan Fauna. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 50 (2): 125167. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110180" title="New or little-known Mollusca of the Indo-Malayan Fauna." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110180" volume="50" year="1881">Nevill 1881</bibRefCitation>
). In this study, new material has been collected from
<collectingRegion id="FCD9DD3822D9672383C15C63FAC10A67" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
, which borders Yunnan to the east and Bhamo to the north.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EXGCI" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="171F28D078A21628DA923F963AF442BD">
<heading id="D9AA33CC94AC0E0E70AE59825F93C396" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D467BA58DB26D078518B49BE1145029">
When nominating this species,
<bibRefCitation id="6BE8407E7852D4954F6A761C3AB2998A" author="Nevill G" firstAuthor="Nevill" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" page="26" pagination="14-41" refId="B68" refString="Nevill G (1877) List of the Mollusca brought back by Dr. J. Anderson from Yunnan and Upper Burma, with descriptions of new species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 46 (2): 1441. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110105" title="List of the Mollusca brought back by Dr. J. Anderson from Yunnan and Upper Burma, with descriptions of new species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110105" volume="46" year="1877">Nevill (1877: 26)</bibRefCitation>
compared it with
<taxonomicName id="53F8DDB4F995830542840EDDFE51DF04" authority="(Blanford, 1865)" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="peguensis">
<emphasis id="16BA8FA9A2CBF29BC2219151DDCA3EBE" italics="true">G. peguensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="CA79FEC14083FFCA81FC0EBBEFAA50B5" author="Blanford WT" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66 - 105. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford, 1865</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingRegion id="CA96E9EE8AD83C979AB13FB6A21B3B28" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Bago</collectingRegion>
and stated that
<taxonomicName id="6210961E528C09774B430CADEF32C771" authorityName="Nevill" authorityYear="1877" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="blanfordiana">
<emphasis id="E29CD665C0D25BF9CB8F165DA40B1648" italics="true">G. blanfordiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has slender (less convex) whorls, wavy or curving, and stronger radial ribs. Nevertheless, the type specimens of these two species,
<taxonomicName id="3AB3A85A098547EB0F5403FF249C9659" authorityName="Nevill" authorityYear="1877" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="blanfordiana">
<emphasis id="E2504271875E5A4C40E0639D4B31DF79" italics="true">G. blanfordiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(height
<quantity id="0BEFE1792B67D279C8504DF2EC15214C" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" unit="mm" value="8.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="8.0">89 mm</quantity>
, Fig.
<figureCitation id="E96BBD887C46E32D5A8CDD2C9D8ECD8C" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A D Glessula blanfordiana A, B syntypes NHMUK 1988150 from Ponsee, Yunnan, W. China and C, D specimen CUMZ 13067 from Taunggyi, Shan State, Myanmar E, F Glessula crassilabris E syntype UMZC I. 102430 from Bengal (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 51 e) and F specimen NHMUK from Cherrapoonji (M 10604 / 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104503">5 A, B</figureCitation>
) and
<taxonomicName id="D47C8BC211A7ADA464CB59A41853F24E" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="peguensis">
<emphasis id="838402F59A3A4629453C2CAE286D6601" italics="true">G. peguensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(height ~
<quantity id="1D0C578C74B28CDC2299D49274D4FE51" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
, Fig.
<figureCitation id="5BC590DFCC7DA61542560498E2B969A1" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. A Glessula orophila, specimen NHMUK ex. Blanford collection from Mahableshwar B, C Glessula peguensis, specimen NHMUK 1909.3. 15.8 from Thyet-Myo D, E Glessula perlevis, syntypes NHMUK 1906.5. 5.89 from Shan Hills, Burma F Glessula ponsiensis, syntypes NHMUK 1989042 from Ponsee." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104508">10 B, C</figureCitation>
), exhibit considerable similarity in terms of shell shape and shell size. Therefore, more specimens from the
<collectingRegion id="105BC06E73547D755AD733BF3B373CED" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Bago Region</collectingRegion>
are necessary to ascertain whether the difference in shell sculptures represents variations or are taxonomically informative characters separating these two species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB790458CAD0554FDDCC8389A38B12FB">
<taxonomicName id="2165E5AA46CEF51793303F8BC328E092" authorityName="Nevill" authorityYear="1877" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="blanfordiana">
<emphasis id="1FDCFB6A324FC80FBD7794030249D596" italics="true">Glessula blanfordiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
examined herein are noticeably distinct from their congeners recorded in
<collectingRegion id="9AF63A9CBF6EB14D953D1121569A9B60" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="18815EE7EE3446AA5A90B1942E1C072F" country="Myanmar" name="Mandalay">Mandalay Region</collectingRegion>
, namely
<taxonomicName id="E36C4EC7167E578B56A65B20CEB83430" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1920" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="feddeni">
<emphasis id="CBEEC8AD053B17EC2ABB5E62D0609E7D" italics="true">G. feddeni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3110A5ADC80ACA8C3C600EC752FD7E97" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="5A918C46E68A7F6A8509E0438E7D5655" authority="von Mollendorff, 1899" authorityName="von Mollendorff" authorityYear="1899" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="latestriata">
<emphasis id="FA0EAF582231C0A45C8FB7A15D43EB21" italics="true">G. latestriata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1F772E6023C46F96F48B37E61CBD0760" author="von Möllendorff OF" refId="B119" refString="von Mollendorff OF (1899) Neue arten aus Hinterindien. Nachrichtsblatt der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft 31: 165, 166. https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 28228787" url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28228787" year="1899">von Möllendorff, 1899</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Specifically,
<taxonomicName id="04BB45AA6D657EA556D3935CA007C378" authorityName="Nevill" authorityYear="1877" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="blanfordiana">
<emphasis id="2AE5E4F2C6D4862A8AFD861867389828" italics="true">G. blanfordiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a shorter and bluntly attenuated spire, more bulging whorls, deeper suture, and stronger and densely radial ribbed sculptures. In contrast, the other species exhibit higher and pointed spires, more flattened whorls, and smooth to radial grooves sculptures (see Fig.
<figureCitation id="59C274387C6F7C46C794AC7E1F676EA0" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Schematic shell morphology of the subulinid snails A protoconch sculptures as recognised in this study: smooth and striate B crenulate suture C columella shape as recognised in this study: straight, truncate and fold D shell surface sculpture of the Glessula as recognised in this study: smooth, groove, and ribbed." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104500">2 D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3277ED859630BEA4EC5F4D3792F16476">
<taxonomicName id="D438B2D42824B142DA2D782340672144" authorityName="Nevill" authorityYear="1877" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="blanfordiana">
<emphasis id="E3504AF38174C72BD4EF16DEB29C9841" italics="true">Glessula blanfordiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described based on
<specimenCount id="7EE4E73F756D871D2DDE78BD1D2ED4DD" count="2" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
collected by J. Anderson during the Expedition to Yunnan and Upper
<collectingCountry id="50A20FAB8464A0918459E4EE9A8467BD" name="Myanmar">Burma</collectingCountry>
. The original description was very brief, without shell dimensions and illustrations. However, under the note of
<taxonomicName id="DB19BC47BF4E50BE38687DC19DFA5CAC" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1920" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ponsiensis">
<emphasis id="6B2FFE47314B339CECB1BFA1DDE357AD" italics="true">G. ponsiensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E58E8CE1EF09743DA92A8330751D7360" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, states, The type from Ponsee, Yunnan (Plate CLXIV. fig. 20, apex) [=
<taxonomicName id="29EB46E2505ADED4D27BB9B6C52D2344" authorityName="Nevill" authorityYear="1877" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="blanfordiana">
<emphasis id="F007C3716A7F8A900F31DD9BFFB02EDB" italics="true">G. blanfordiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
], has been sent me from Calcutta by the Director of the Zoological Survey of
<collectingCountry id="E303AA754BA9A0C6119FB2E09D4F937B" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
, Dr. N. Annandale … (
<bibRefCitation id="A591C07C535E7BB868A2E195F951B14D" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="56" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920: 56</bibRefCitation>
). The
<named-content id="0A5A8CDBE221E47DAE7573CDC7003AB6" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="252678D3B9E0A82900E46C3B124BA746" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
type collections contain a single lot with an original label stating Type from Dr. J. Anderson, and collection locality from Ponsee. These
<specimenCount id="C82EAF4591CF27A65D9953DE73B8582B" count="2" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
match well with the species description; both are figured herein for the first time. It is possible that N. Annandale may have gifted this type specimen lot to Godwin-Austen for comparison with other species, as was the case with other specimens from the Zoological Survey of
<collectingCountry id="E5BA2C4662932CA4626AC19187A2AE1D" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,370 @@
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<mods:title id="18A28DC7B887F553C26071F7A6988203">Contributions on a small collection of the former Subulinidae Fischer &amp; Crosse, 1877 (Eupulmonata, Achatinoidea) with catalogue of the Glessula and Rishetia species recorded from Myanmar</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="A5DEBE6CBA64444BB185B79BF18BCC59">Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="EAB3DF9C32F7B5E7B1E757E2AFA366A4" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="4576B03ADE064E28DAF8814ACC7A9A80">
<heading id="502FA30F1945C254EC4FB6B8D5356194" reason="label">37</heading>
<taxonomicName id="B08B1821DC443E1639EEE33186E0AA7D" authority="(Benson, 1836)" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tenuispira">
<emphasis id="67E06D81541C0C7DAA3E79146BB868E1" italics="true">Rishetia tenuispira</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="4F68FF80E3910F6322935728DE907B50" author="Benson WH" issue="54" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="350-358" refId="B9" refString="Benson WH (1836) Descriptive catalogue of terrestrial and fluviatile Testacea, chiefly from the North-East frontier of Bengal. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 5 (54): 350 - 358. https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 37188459" title="Descriptive catalogue of terrestrial and fluviatile Testacea, chiefly from the North-East frontier of Bengal." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37188459" volume="5" year="1836">Benson, 1836</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="74A72551D843A668406DE1D2E3EA152A">
<figureCitation id="4DC10955D6F2446D37E65FB73EF62C3D" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. A E Rishetia pertenuis A, B possible syntypes NHMUK 1906.2. 2.239 from Henzada, Pegu and Tongoop, Arakan C specimen NHMUK from Tongoop, Arakan and D, E specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.122931 from Pegu F, G Rishetia pertenuis major, possible syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2208 from Pyema Khyoung, Bassein H Rishetia tenuispira, specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3332 from Garo Hills." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104513">Fig. 15 H</figureCitation>
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<subSubSection id="60E3ABB14EB1E7773935002F03473CE2" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="CA4788BA37022F27E1BC78E66A9F16BD">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="3833A657C0F66DA65A33AC8BCAC1CB46">
<treatmentCitation id="A14B58EF65A08EDCBCFE76A89B95008F" author="Benson WH" page="353" year="1836">
<taxonomicName id="07B56994C799AE9365E6D95211BACC11" ID-CoL="64GZR" authority="Benson, 1836: 353" authorityName="Benson" authorityPageNumber="353" authorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tenuispira">
<emphasis id="3D3C16554DEA9C876D2F2DA939C5C7B4" italics="true">Achatina tenuispira</emphasis>
<comment id="0D84854DAE47865CC693C2AAB1F5A64D">
<bibRefCitation id="EE311EE88C1BF2A69F5691435AD14A65" author="Benson WH" issue="54" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="350-358" refId="B9" refString="Benson WH (1836) Descriptive catalogue of terrestrial and fluviatile Testacea, chiefly from the North-East frontier of Bengal. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 5 (54): 350 - 358. https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 37188459" title="Descriptive catalogue of terrestrial and fluviatile Testacea, chiefly from the North-East frontier of Bengal." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37188459" volume="5" year="1836">Benson, 1836: 353</bibRefCitation>
. Type locality: N. E. Frontier of Bengal.
<treatmentCitation id="F8ED0C8CB49E310271F339482BFD164C" author="Pfeiffer L" page="262" year="1848">
<bibRefCitation id="2D335E5816608A68989EB7382C1EDE46" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.124010" author="Pfeiffer L" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" page="262" refId="B75" refString="Pfeiffer L (1848) Monographia Heliceorum Viventium: sistens descriptiones systematicas et criticas omnium huius familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum. Volumen Secundum. Lipsiae: F. A. Brockhaus, 594 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.124010" year="1848">Pfeiffer 1848: 262</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="8E2D1C5106EF19C00FADB060ACE95F4E">
<bibRefCitation id="2F7CD474BB7F99FABEBF9B678C0AAD10" author="Reeve" firstAuthor="Reeve" refId="B93" refString="Reeve LA (1849 a (1849); pls 2023 (1850)]. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8967091" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8967091" year="1849">Reeve 1849</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
a:
<emphasis id="7E2F583CC7E70B8839BE93162529414F" italics="true">Achatina</emphasis>
, pl. 16.
<treatmentCitation id="57B9C110976286A0F1BC275023125DF8" author="Benson WH" page="464" year="1860">
<bibRefCitation id="BEB454CDD63379D3647C71648970E099" DOI="10.1080/00222936008697255" author="Benson WH" firstAuthor="Benson" page="464" refId="B12" refString="Benson WH (1860) On new land-shells from Darjiling, with a series of new Indian species of Achatina. Annals &amp; Magazine of Natural History Series 3 5 (30): 460466. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222936008697255" year="1860">Benson 1860: 464</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="B1433A5532A9A2F1D798C53DDD442E42" author="Pfeiffer L" page="310" year="1860">
<bibRefCitation id="430E23CF8E5ABCAF3667C97EB6FE3992" author="Pfeiffer L" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" page="310" refId="B79" refString="Pfeiffer L (1860) [18401865] [in HC Küster, L Pfeiffer] Die Bulimiden und Achatinen, In Abbildungen nach der Natur. Die gattungen Bulimus, Partula, Achatinella, Achatina und Azeca. In: Küster HC, Ed. Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz. Neu herausgegeben und vervollständigt. Erster Bandes, dreizehnte Abtheilung. 1 (13) [(1, 124)]: iii xix, 1359. [pls 170] [pp 305336 (1860), pls 2529 (1863)] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/106739" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/106739" year="1860">Pfeiffer 1860: 310</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 311 pl. 25, figs 6, 7.
<treatmentCitation id="16A13E1A25F9062CEE08FCE52BACE7F5" author="Blanford WT" page="95" year="1865">
<bibRefCitation id="B19820719420EC0447DCADE8891EA469" author="Blanford WT" firstAuthor="Blanford" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" page="95" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66105. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford 1865: 95</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="62214A8A7A4B6372EAE3B6E8D7E3A55B">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="63D4793639FD6E9A6D07DC0B27C98F6A">
<taxonomicName id="065544BC71F6CB61C1E34B9978BA9CED" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Subulina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tenuispira">
<emphasis id="3FD5FBE503EC966BF7A220D5D7C1EA95" italics="true">Subulina tenuispira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="7898B089AACD4317EEF627C1E353A30B">
<treatmentCitation id="54213378584266CC6FC49C5D4ED1045F" author="Adams H &amp; Adams A" page="110" year="1855">
<bibRefCitation id="4BC0230FE4061408768A00E9551A0EFD" author="Adams H &amp; Adams A" firstAuthor="Adams" journalOrPublisher="van Voorst, London" page="110" refId="B1" refString="Adams H, Adams A (1855) [18541858] The Genera of Recent Mollusca; Arranged According to their Organization. Volume 2. van Voorst, London, 661 pp. [pp 93284 (1855)]" title="[1854-1858] The Genera of Recent Mollusca; Arranged According to their Organization. Volume 2." year="1855">Adams and Adams 1855: 110</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="61378BC4203D8384BAFF3A92F1A8E88E">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="3970631662A7C2A88228EA9059313AD2">
<taxonomicName id="5B4E1AB76463D07F45371FBE6CC1C43F" ID-CoL="64GZR" authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tenuispira" subGenus="Subulina">
<emphasis id="BC80C45F5DAFB524B13EA0C4490919E7" italics="true">Achatina</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="685F342FF03EA16F04A99CA8A2C54BD8" italics="true">Subulina</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="55DDFBB576B579D0C22DCBABBB28319B" italics="true">tenuispira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="DAC72B7C6DB2102EEAF46A1EA745C591">
<treatmentCitation id="5D015A4C1AB9EA9F8D18A3E7CCBD6902" author="Pfeiffer L" page="169" year="1856">
<bibRefCitation id="7BCBD5960A17BA2D7FD5E22E63AED06A" author="Pfeiffer L" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" journalOrPublisher="Malakozoologische Blätter" page="169" pagination="112-185" refId="B77" refString="Pfeiffer L (1856) Versuch einer Anordnung der Heliceen nach natürlichen Gruppen. Malakozoologische Blätter 2: 112185. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/53876" title="Versuch einer Anordnung der Heliceen nach natürlichen Gruppen." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/53876" volume="2" year="1856">Pfeiffer 1856: 169</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6672FC82FADCBDC9C1CE0B6DDBFDD91C">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="C8490646DD3A6CDAAFABADE66BE5E20B">
<taxonomicName id="DACB62A26E21CD298BC63A64C17F992A" ID-CoL="64GZR" authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tenuispira" subGenus="Electra">
<emphasis id="AE9A9B6074FA5B93D603C49E7C740EAD" italics="true">Achatina</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="C7A39881947B98995F8B5B38BBAA5C4D" italics="true">Electra</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="0C0A7743191ACBB3B1F2B163F06F6020" italics="true">tenuispira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="3573CFB06B963D58F51981E0A00AAAE9">
<treatmentCitation id="FB86836186FD78912E31A3C52E04B054" author="Hanley SCT &amp; Theobald W (1870" page="17" year="1870">
<bibRefCitation id="2ECD6CE5BCB51C57B109A55FE035C589" author="Hanley SCT &amp; Theobald W (1870" firstAuthor="Hanley" page="17" refId="B43" refString="Hanley SCT, Theobald W (1870 (1870); pp 1928, pls 4160 (1872); pp 2934, pls 6180 (1873). pp 3548, pls 81120 (1874); pp 4956, pls 121140 (1875); pp 5765, pls 141160 (1876)] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50391" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50391" year="1870">Hanley and Theobald 1870: 17</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 36, fig. 8.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2ACD87EBA64F14745FF0C3C2808665CE">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="C15BB91800C9A329C5AEA84C093B58F8">
<taxonomicName id="F73B1744907B9F3BA65AB1E29861DC88" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tenuispira" subGenus="Glessula">
<emphasis id="E908C9F4E70252E417BC2B56E625236E" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="C7523E73F6A8756B5B02A8CC4A0E5EA6" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="AA3608E39E0021A56F07DB75EB4130BB" italics="true">tenuispira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="04CACF3564ACFA6A16EC7570E062C3B2">
<treatmentCitation id="E1B0B0E8D8A754657813390FB78E807A" author="Nevill G" page="169" year="1878">
<bibRefCitation id="45C362DF8F2E5293F050A52D5D907278" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11957" author="Nevill G" firstAuthor="Nevill" journalOrPublisher="Indian Museum, Calcutta" page="169" refId="B69" refString="Nevill G (1878) Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda. Indian Museum, Calcutta, 338 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11957" title="Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda." year="1878">Nevill 1878: 169</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E1366567DA0E771E4C140D173B2769D1">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="FD6812FB6000A46B1F4B60E38B2780F8">
<taxonomicName id="CF22D7DC79D64AC0079EB66B1403AF0F" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tenuispira" subGenus="Subulina">
<emphasis id="9296417057E371B6A66458DCADE415B6" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="A259B254777CD04696AD50D3D961FEA0" italics="true">Subulina</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B60CF26A25C9B07BDDAD9D330C805B63" italics="true">tenuispira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="F3077954EF449A05CE7790F183AF7B87">
<treatmentCitation id="61155BBAD31DD23335ABA85E8A3CA576" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" page="327" year="1881">
<bibRefCitation id="1B08EA9175102C84B253AB38BDB64FFC" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" journalOrPublisher="Kassel, Fischer" page="327" refId="B82" refString="Pfeiffer L, Clessin S (1881) Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali. Kassel, Fischer, 617 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" title="Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" year="1881">Pfeiffer and Clessin 1881: 327</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5985DAC873EC471B86C928FF0031B783">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="EBD543C1D086DCB556C49CB1FD189B1F">
<taxonomicName id="2F4D2DEE426F305195AD5DB36041F09A" ID-CoL="7RFLR" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tenuispira">
<emphasis id="744AA649A218F4EE7CDCDB214176797E" italics="true">Glessula tenuispira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="D1B6C363754A67D6E8D35055D8A3CBE4">
<treatmentCitation id="8DC53FC03E28F1C62E50B75E206FFC57" author="Beddome CR" page="160" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="3A1012D3592A059B3D13C2EED93642E1" DOI="10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" author="Beddome CR" firstAuthor="Beddome" page="160" refId="B8" refString="Beddome CR (1906) Notes on Indian and Ceylonese species of Glessula. The Journal of Molluscan Studies 6 (3): 160172. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" year="1906">Beddome 1906: 160</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. Pilsbry 1909: 88, pl. 9, figs 1, 4.
<treatmentCitation id="0F203385ECF73CEF595147868209BCA4" author="Gude GK" page="378" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="530F338FED5A0924BA3C1DA9A9581B4C" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="378" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 378</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="88475A955A299019503E6A9261AD411A" author="Godwin-Austen HH" page="31" year="1920">
<bibRefCitation id="E3590FCC565458ACB0313EB585B62317" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="31" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920: 31</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 32.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="91C5D7626B7503DD9DC46649213385AE">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="D4FBC112CA5048EE22AFE42AE0BEEFF3">
<taxonomicName id="1EBD7AF221411100ECC2623B180913DF" ID-CoL="4T54M" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tenuispira">
<emphasis id="B64CE48A511CEC89ABAAA220B3C1C6E5" italics="true">Rishetia tenuispira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="B9866C6352AD2D1FD8DA39424E1508B0">
<treatmentCitation id="2BD6EA9139369A94CCDEBB549F617501" author="Raheem DC &amp; Taylor H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Preece RC &amp; Aravind NA &amp; Naggs F" page="138" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="5F9D8F1BF5EE117D6E0826EA7ADE2073" author="Raheem DC &amp; Taylor H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Preece RC &amp; Aravind NA &amp; Naggs F" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Raheem" page="138" refId="B90" refString="Raheem DC, Taylor H, Ablett J, Preece RC, Aravind NA, Naggs F (2014) A systematic revision of the land snails of the Western Ghats of India. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 4): 1294." year="2014">Raheem et al. 2014: 138</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 90 c.
<treatmentCitation id="125B43B90CC3C39E7EF6DFC1F927AF82">
<bibRefCitation id="546398EC7A5ED2463A070142A07A3A41" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" author="Budha" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Budha" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="129-156" refId="B24" refString="Budha PB, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2017) Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species. ZooKeys 675: 129156. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" title="Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species." volume="675" year="2017">Budha et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
: fig. 14 c.
<treatmentCitation id="A39BA14A6A59F775EC9720786722B26D" author="Preece RC &amp; White TS &amp; Raheem DC &amp; Ketchum H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Taylor H &amp; Naggs F" page="128" year="2022">
<bibRefCitation id="6D4EF71BBCD4A06330F2E5D011EFC81E" author="Preece RC &amp; White TS &amp; Raheem DC &amp; Ketchum H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Taylor H &amp; Naggs F" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Preece" page="128" refId="B88" refString="Preece RC, White TS, Raheem DC, Ketchum H, Ablett J, Taylor H, Naggs F (2022) William Benson and the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1434." year="2022">Preece et al. 2022: 128</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 55 b.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EPBGK" type="Type specimen">
<paragraph id="46FF43ADBDF6F006A74400A3634472F0">
<heading id="16B123BEB298DCD37B4353EF3552E04E" reason="title">Type specimen.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EEF44D56097C95F6B1E79110174F28FB">
The type specimen could not be located in the
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0EVBGK" xlink_title="University Museum of Zoology Cambridge, Cambridge">
<collectionCode id="4C367CFE173CCFBE7D4284C093A3CD34">UMZC</collectionCode>
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collection (
<bibRefCitation id="67BCAD1973654429620994158627EE37" author="Raheem" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Raheem" refId="B90" refString="Raheem DC, Taylor H, Ablett J, Preece RC, Aravind NA, Naggs F (2014) A systematic revision of the land snails of the Western Ghats of India. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 4): 1294." year="2014">Raheem et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="52E9F0CC43040AF64413C8E7BD93A5A5" author="Preece" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Preece" refId="B88" refString="Preece RC, White TS, Raheem DC, Ketchum H, Ablett J, Taylor H, Naggs F (2022) William Benson and the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1434." year="2022">Preece et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
). However,
<bibRefCitation id="DF23A071E3449F499CBBF8FE104CAD07" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" author="Budha" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Budha" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="129-156" refId="B24" refString="Budha PB, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2017) Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species. ZooKeys 675: 129156. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" title="Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species." volume="675" year="2017">Budha et al. (2017</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 14 a) figured a possible
<typeStatus id="A704B7041C60AC06689C0F27F0DBCB1D" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
of this species based on specimens ex. Benson collection from Teria Ghat, this specimen lot was not considered to form part of the type series by
<bibRefCitation id="C8D3DA14B9D421127A57D146608D344A" author="Preece RC &amp; White TS &amp; Raheem DC &amp; Ketchum H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Taylor H &amp; Naggs F" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Preece" refId="B88" refString="Preece RC, White TS, Raheem DC, Ketchum H, Ablett J, Taylor H, Naggs F (2022) William Benson and the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1434." year="2022">Preece et al. (2022)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EKCGK" type="material">
<paragraph id="1F4CA9485611D8DB349E9BB090D1E589">
<heading id="37B084D9DF7379480E19349B2B1813D8" reason="title">Other material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="282B581F126765B0ADDD8D39931FD29C">
<named-content id="5A62E0C878C01BCA98DDF4C862F6EF23" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="867B5499B3E3D21DB8AD14EC605061FE" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1946.10. 16.17 (7 shells) ex. R. McAndrew collection from
<collectingRegion id="D688D5EB3005AB15C448FA6F4B577057" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
.
<named-content id="86E02886A05B668F7D3E0B12DEBA14A8" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
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</named-content>
1903.7. 1.3332 (1 shell; Fig.
<figureCitation id="0C2D6DB2F7B1CF900A1BABA347E92800" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. A E Rishetia pertenuis A, B possible syntypes NHMUK 1906.2. 2.239 from Henzada, Pegu and Tongoop, Arakan C specimen NHMUK from Tongoop, Arakan and D, E specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.122931 from Pegu F, G Rishetia pertenuis major, possible syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2208 from Pyema Khyoung, Bassein H Rishetia tenuispira, specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3332 from Garo Hills." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104513">15 H</figureCitation>
) labelled as var. ex. Godwin-Austen collection from Garo Hills.
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0E5CGK" xlink_title="University Museum of Zoology Cambridge, Cambridge">
<collectionCode id="6CD6E38BD6284EDAA8D2B5ABC79D5E17">UMZC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
I. 102045 from Teria Ghat (
<bibRefCitation id="ECEE43F543A4F381EE4A88BB170AE0A8" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" author="Budha" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Budha" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="129-156" refId="B24" refString="Budha PB, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2017) Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species. ZooKeys 675: 129156. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" title="Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species." volume="675" year="2017">Budha et al. (2017</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 14 a) recognised this specimen as a possible
<typeStatus id="ECAFDB52C6452AC69A9FC5ED9E8DA3B5" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EHDGK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="AA2AF1DD12292A8DAB30F8B713AAF9EF">
<heading id="5C8A3DAC2049625020E5A30A6CE3BAF5" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EDB6711378BA9A42DA868C46A65E8F50">Shell elongate, turreted, and regularly attenuated; apex rounded; subsequent whorls with fine equally spaced radial ridges throughout and more prominent near suture. Suture impressed and whorls slightly flattened. Aperture elongate ovate; columella concave and truncated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EMDGK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="202A7E772C13649A31189C3E9A1F5282">
<heading id="A818BF0D3CFAC1C0C86CE650376466CD" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EDDDE2F5AC954C528063BF3D82F90084">
This species is broadly distributed in
<collectingCountry id="94E9D528842042241CABB0BFC7865F32" name="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="D94F82414E2747F4EF50FFBBF364AFBC" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="DEE12B2FE73C219B597E776B4FF2109D" name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="263F5E4CFA9596AC43E6ABD31E12A38E" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.492.9175" author="Budha" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Budha" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="1-48" refId="B23" refString="Budha PB, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2015) Annotated checklist of the terrestrial gastropods of Nepal. ZooKeys 492: 148. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.492.9175" title="Annotated checklist of the terrestrial gastropods of Nepal." volume="492" year="2015">Budha et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="99428FBF853B0B62EA73FDD786F632A4" author="Preece" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Preece" refId="B88" refString="Preece RC, White TS, Raheem DC, Ketchum H, Ablett J, Taylor H, Naggs F (2022) William Benson and the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1434." year="2022">Preece et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
). It was also reported from several localities in the southwest and eastern
<collectingCountry id="D2E90670041F8A8A127E983804C5D245" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="53FE6CB45EF0EE6DFAD009FA3EC9024D" country="Myanmar" name="Ayeyawady">Ayeyarwady</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="D6951C4A529BAF16AD862BE6E338FBCE" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Bago</collectingRegion>
, and
<collectingRegion id="35EDA7F91C140DF979E908D2F0B23B03" country="Myanmar" name="Taninthayi">Tanintharyi</collectingRegion>
regions (
<bibRefCitation id="B46BC64ED161B1D2E517E4E7618206F2" DOI="10.1080/00222936008697255" author="Benson" firstAuthor="Benson" refId="B12" refString="Benson WH (1860) On new land-shells from Darjiling, with a series of new Indian species of Achatina. Annals &amp; Magazine of Natural History Series 3 5 (30): 460466. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222936008697255" year="1860">Benson 1860</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="CC87A974BB75EA77EA4027B60B222B09" author="Blanford" firstAuthor="Blanford" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66105. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford 1865</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="6891EA9BA442660A4DC65C374981E704" DOI="10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" author="Beddome" firstAuthor="Beddome" refId="B8" refString="Beddome CR (1906) Notes on Indian and Ceylonese species of Glessula. The Journal of Molluscan Studies 6 (3): 160172. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" year="1906">Beddome 1906</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EGEGK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="B6EDD914E1C2174DCD8722F700C9E612">
<heading id="640EA18CC2DD3B24E78C22B3AC197669" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C9CFA95FC81F1B72313287A82EA7C84F">
<bibRefCitation id="5246A7CC699B7C037E0EFF08A1A1AF33" DOI="10.1080/00222936008697255" author="Benson WH" firstAuthor="Benson" page="464" refId="B12" refString="Benson WH (1860) On new land-shells from Darjiling, with a series of new Indian species of Achatina. Annals &amp; Magazine of Natural History Series 3 5 (30): 460466. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222936008697255" year="1860">Benson (1860: 464)</bibRefCitation>
reported that Theobald found a variety of
<taxonomicName id="78611EFFE7C14282CBA09C230458043A" authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tenuispira">
<emphasis id="A708A9313E854BB00CE79CD55CFCFA52" italics="true">Achatina tenuispira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on the banks of
<collectingRegion id="43A9964C47145BECE412D2903268152A" country="Myanmar" name="Ayeyawady">Irrawaddy</collectingRegion>
[
<collectingRegion id="D9D7BCB0F5546E84BF9DE2E1323BF7E9" country="Myanmar" name="Ayeyawady">Ayeyarwady</collectingRegion>
River] and from Phie Than [probably in
<collectingRegion id="89065A23CE5EC010F369B44F8F38C0E6" country="Myanmar" name="Taninthayi">Tanintharyi Region</collectingRegion>
].
<bibRefCitation id="8CAB4B3583FBAB5EA971F8841B5E64A9" author="Blanford WT" firstAuthor="Blanford" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66105. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford (1865)</bibRefCitation>
recorded the presence of a small-sized species in Akoutoung [Akauk Taung,
<collectingRegion id="C68881E807117AF248AB08963F4D805F" country="Myanmar" name="Ayeyawady">Ayeyarwady Region</collectingRegion>
] and further south, while
<bibRefCitation id="3534B94650CF841B3FFBB616FF848AD8" DOI="10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" author="Beddome CR" firstAuthor="Beddome" refId="B8" refString="Beddome CR (1906) Notes on Indian and Ceylonese species of Glessula. The Journal of Molluscan Studies 6 (3): 160172. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" year="1906">Beddome (1906)</bibRefCitation>
noted its occurrence in
<collectingRegion id="F21769C7C1F080571B903DFDBD87FB6F" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
[
<collectingRegion id="6A348F1B80CFD6C402C4D529BBEF150A" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Bago Region</collectingRegion>
].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,490 @@
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<treatment id="26FDD689A2DC539BAEF140D497A4AAE5" ID-arpha="26FDD689-A2DC-539B-AEF1-40D497A4AAE5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:26FDD689A2DC539BAEF140D497A4AAE5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/26FDD689A2DC539BAEF140D497A4AAE5">
<subSubSection id="D1B46A9642160F39837FF1BDE00BE1F5" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="17B67AC1355AC8B1C14023694BC84061">
<heading id="637FB6E7EC2B7944F2929803DC18F92E" reason="label">1</heading>
<taxonomicName id="9D0D5856EC803C99397E22D4BA85E137" authority="(Hutton, 1834)" baseAuthorityName="Hutton" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Allopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracile">
<emphasis id="1EFB2565B28AA0757C00C9AF1335D3C1" italics="true">Allopeas gracile</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="410055833F0CF019753102BAE07B2A1A" author="Hutton T" issue="26" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="81-93" refId="B45" refString="Hutton T (1834) On the land shells of India. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 3 (26): 81 - 93." title="On the land shells of India." volume="3" year="1834">Hutton, 1834</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="82C39326DC0E11A9D16E0F63B48ADEEB" type="description">
<paragraph id="828176F56BE469D664C7F3AA497BDBD0">
<figureCitation id="D1139A051D84CE05EE537C20F8E9C89D" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A D Allopeas gracile A lectotype NHMUK 1856.09. 15.68 / 1 from Mirzapore B paralectotypes NHMUK 1856.09. 15.68 / 211 and C, D specimen CUMZ 13066 from Mandalay Region, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture E H Bacillum obtusum E, F syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.349 from Bhamo, Upper Burmah G, H specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1725 from Bhamo, Upper Burma and H juvenile shell with last whorl I Bacillum theobaldi, syntype NHMUK 1912.4. 16.121 from Burmah with last whorl." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104501">Fig. 3 A D</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="D39A6762A60FA21CAF3787504E4FB53F" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Shell measurements of subulinid species examined in this study. SH: shell height; SW: shell width. The localities numbers are indicated in Fig. 1." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B099E9B05D409B67DECF1570A3A8359F" tableUuid="B099E9B05D409B67DECF1570A3A8359F">Table 1</tableCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3264F679FB88EA5C42A577FA6C5C0849" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="2931636D097FAAE9988B392368E58BF3">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="19D74B6E87168923FC2317BFF3A7D9DF">
<taxonomicName id="0BB3026936B10E8CDDD7A71B49A07B63" ID-CoL="NTDF" authorityName="Hutton" authorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bulimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="58ABFE23B30AE3F3E47BE748449F829D" italics="true">Bulimus</emphasis>
<comment id="A4EB843F0CA25F7EC6C378B0F418682A">
(?)
<emphasis id="74BDC3D6D41093AE80B69302A338FE34" italics="true">gracilis</emphasis>
(?)
<treatmentCitation id="51FC6CD61FB7BF92BDB3AB7AEAA03B50" author="Hutton T" page="84" year="1834">
<bibRefCitation id="D00B267D267AE67A391AA38082AD504C" author="Hutton T" issue="26" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="81-93" refId="B45" refString="Hutton T (1834) On the land shells of India. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 3 (26): 81 - 93." title="On the land shells of India." volume="3" year="1834">Hutton, 1834: 84</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 85, 93. Type locality: Mirzapoor, Futtehpoor Sikra, between Agra and Neemuch [
<collectingRegion id="40CDD6B2C4ED0270FE4E3156772C5102" country="India" name="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="5F755260BFDCBA47C37C799FB55FBED9" country="India" name="Madhya Pradesh">Madhya Pradesh</collectingRegion>
states,
<collectingCountry id="17840E7CA5D03ED61006804810DB965D" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
].
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B8E2F86DCCF6AA67A29307A658E6547F">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="12D6B5927DACCD3DC0AAD7067D6B719B">
<taxonomicName id="5AF5D66FCD1511B257A73A65D23E9130" ID-CoL="NTDF" authorityName="Hutton" authorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bulimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracilis" subGenus="Opeas">
<emphasis id="929E5B853378B8EB7F1515755251C2DA" italics="true">Bulimus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="909228267CDC0D29EE188E5A8A74A405" italics="true">Opeas</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="761E9884C861EF73065FF09A1BC050D1" italics="true">gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="4721F611C1A4A2B30EA1ED797F22C49A">
<treatmentCitation id="6795BD0CDC46940428EA31441C41DC56" author="Pfeiffer L" page="156" year="1856">
<bibRefCitation id="4C3C60DBB2EED6C38798644509D3F85A" author="Pfeiffer L" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" journalOrPublisher="Malakozoologische Blätter" page="156" pagination="112-185" refId="B77" refString="Pfeiffer L (1856) Versuch einer Anordnung der Heliceen nach natürlichen Gruppen. Malakozoologische Blätter 2: 112185. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/53876" title="Versuch einer Anordnung der Heliceen nach natürlichen Gruppen." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/53876" volume="2" year="1856">Pfeiffer 1856: 156</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B80CBAE4BB2D626935A738A54DC684B">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="08242BFBB030C81B30EF46D1FE955BAF">
<taxonomicName id="0530A9A05E132004BECE313DFBFFE4F3" ID-CoL="CGFPZ" baseAuthorityName="T. Hutton" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracilis" subGenus="Opeas">
<emphasis id="77E473F437ECFF8563C16424B6265D24" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="3826E27396F4C17644ADA30F5D40C0F6" italics="true">Opeas</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="DDE8404CE139A3A56CF638BBBED629B8" italics="true">gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="5C69E2E0D4CE7513181E350BDE7375A9">
<treatmentCitation id="FB89A14100F31CAB5C46C1FE4B3EAC69" author="von Martens E" page="265" year="1860">
<bibRefCitation id="C44B70160A26747B3200A77DE5F552C1" author="von Martens E" firstAuthor="von Martens" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" page="265" pagination="6-18" refId="B114" refString="von Martens E (1860) On the Mollusca of Siam. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 28: 618. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12866504" title="On the Mollusca of Siam." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12866504" volume="28" year="1860">von Martens 1860: 265</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="C0C9B9731EC98240F2C63E0DA896479D" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" page="321" year="1881">
<bibRefCitation id="54889263D6AD6175B0F0548AC5F72B80" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" journalOrPublisher="Kassel, Fischer" page="321" refId="B82" refString="Pfeiffer L, Clessin S (1881) Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali. Kassel, Fischer, 617 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" title="Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" year="1881">Pfeiffer and Clessin 1881: 321</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6BE457C86B4C46F197BEB8CAF60B8B8A">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="7D3EDBC94E931928BBA74740A792E850">
<taxonomicName id="DBDB36EE20FA0B3F975DEBAC9F616F14" baseAuthorityName="Hutton" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Spiraxidae" genus="Spiraxis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="6938399E040B7392501A48EED6F139B0" italics="true">Spiraxis gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="C094C1A94DF71D6E04C1A7A61BF3691F">
<treatmentCitation id="4879B49C7947A42A7C11D44236314326" author="Blanford WT" page="362" year="1861">
<bibRefCitation id="3ABC7A6A4480588A94FA23CF6403C7AB" author="Blanford WT" firstAuthor="Blanford" issue="4" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" page="362" pagination="347-366" refId="B15" refString="Blanford WT (1861) Contributions to Indian malacology, No. II. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 30 (4): 347366. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/207709" title="Contributions to Indian malacology, No. II." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/207709" volume="30" year="1861">Blanford 1861: 362</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B73F670AE20B4D8670347C21DC960E57">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CB2E0AC858087394509730D5EA60DF90">
<taxonomicName id="7DF9BC76A24D41B8757330652AF9B64B" ID-CoL="CGFPZ" baseAuthorityName="T. Hutton" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="6144025FE59CC6339CF4C03074B48A92" italics="true">Stenogyra gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="DA19689685858147A4C6547BC0D4CE86">
<treatmentCitation id="AC0CB098D1BF2F3390E51106BAD38E20" author="de Morgan J" page="389" year="1885">
<bibRefCitation id="84035EE228AF06DE8AB583F24FE56B0E" DOI="10.5962/bhl.part.14301" author="de Morgan J" firstAuthor="de Morgan" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France" page="389" pagination="353-429" refId="B29" refString="de Morgan J (1885) Mollusques terrestes et fiuviatiles de Royaume de Perak et des pais voisins (presqueIle Malaise). Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France 10: 353429. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.14301" title="Mollusques terrestes et fiuviatiles de Royaume de Perak et des pais voisins (presqueIle Malaise)." volume="10" year="1885">de Morgan 1885: 389</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 390.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="829C85BCCED16F3710314E823F4C3B3D">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="305D4CDDAC5F718F9693E7E259BA541F">
<taxonomicName id="E4D20278E92F1BB2D51EDDA55DEAC0AE" baseAuthorityName="T.Hutton" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Opeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="9DCA07EF8CADA235062464E4B5D093F6" italics="true">Opeas gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="8F90DA48495069B8F0403EE8F85BD267">
<treatmentCitation id="7262DF7576D801907A1FC598E2A186DF" author="Theobald W" page="146" year="1878">
<bibRefCitation id="1FC14BA3109C3F2A671D6211B159F7DF" author="Theobald W" firstAuthor="Theobald" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" page="146" pagination="141-149" refId="B106" refString="Theobald W (1878) Notes on the land and freshwater shells of Kashmir, more particularly of the Jhilum valley below Srinagar and the hills north of Jammu. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 47 (2): 141149." title="Notes on the land and freshwater shells of Kashmir, more particularly of the Jhilum valley below Srinagar and the hills north of Jammu." volume="47" year="1878">Theobald 1878: 146</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="61D7DF5DD3FCB2C10E3F28AB0B549639" author="Godwin-Austen HH" page="443" year="1895">
<bibRefCitation id="53A11081424F28FDF6D918EE4B0F1C9D" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" issue="30" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" page="443" pagination="438-457" refId="B37" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1895) List and distribution of the Land- Mollusca of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, with descriptions of some supposed new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 63 (30): 438457. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/30983429" title="List and distribution of the Land- Mollusca of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, with descriptions of some supposed new species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/30983429" volume="63" year="1895">Godwin-Austen 1895: 443</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5E6E5733F38F4DBC722574E29D63C3AA">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5DDC2FD20FCEF8EBF325DD27EF5853DD">
<taxonomicName id="F8E570D641B1D02088FD243CC05E2F5C" ID-CoL="49TKS" baseAuthorityName="T. Hutton" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Opeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracile">
<emphasis id="73E651C2B5DE94D0A5DAA1C7ABD54EB7" italics="true">Opeas gracile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="AFDC1A7D612618BCA53BBA94CF925B4B">
<treatmentCitation id="78DAABEF9AD614B25489511B90E868DD" author="von Möllendorff OF" page="151" year="1894">
<bibRefCitation id="7D61820F640CD8A1A14670299F53AEA5" author="von Möllendorff OF" firstAuthor="von Mollendorff" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" page="151" pagination="146-156" refId="B118" refString="von Möllendorff OF (1894) On a collection of land-shells from the Samui Islands, Gulf of Siam. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 62: 146156. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35990426" title="On a collection of land-shells from the Samui Islands, Gulf of Siam." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35990426" volume="62" year="1894">von Möllendorff 1894: 151</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="C64E955E874DCF5EC512F7B97915C4FA" author="Pilsbry HA" page="125 - 132" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="25264AEEBBD4A760898E5619A29D60A4" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" page="125 - 132" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906: 125132</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 18, figs 36.
<treatmentCitation id="F33B7A9D8B1B80DD81AECAFB2BBE2AF2" author="Gude GK" page="355 - 357" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="CBA421404A34E1ADBDD7708AE1FA0BB1" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="355 - 357" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 355357</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="EFE60A00096031C5BEE57B4BF72094CD" author="van Benthem Jutting WSS" page="378 - 380" year="1952">
<bibRefCitation id="3B3AF88992F55C2348E2BDB293632DA3" author="van Benthem Jutting WSS" firstAuthor="van Benthem Jutting" journalOrPublisher="Treubia" page="378 - 380" pagination="291-435" refId="B110" refString="van Benthem Jutting WSS (1952) Systematic studies on the non-marine Mollusca of the Ind-Australian archipelago. Treubia 21: 291435." title="Systematic studies on the non-marine Mollusca of the Ind-Australian archipelago." volume="21" year="1952">van Benthem Jutting 1952: 378380</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F9A727E14F972F00E79B2751589A8C4">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="4542638C601B016D002631919A6DDFDC">
<taxonomicName id="90AF6CD8B3D6392DF9C271DF5FCF4F7E" ID-CoL="3RYZ5" baseAuthorityName="T. Hutton" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Lamellaxis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="D5E25BECA91D8498BA2CD312D65675A0" italics="true">Lamellaxis gracilis</emphasis>
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<comment id="C296A3057BA5B0C5A5C78412E320C5EC">
<treatmentCitation id="628864C8BCC8E6291EAE4FF6FF10BEFB" author="van Benthem Jutting WSS" page="131" year="1959">
<bibRefCitation id="4154688739466B91C1367BFD6E2F03B3" author="van Benthem Jutting WSS" firstAuthor="van Benthem Jutting" journalOrPublisher="Beaufortia" page="131" pagination="41-191" refId="B111" refString="van Benthem Jutting WSS (1959) Catalogue of the non-marine Mollusca of Sumatra and of its satellite islands. Beaufortia 7: 41191." title="Catalogue of the non-marine Mollusca of Sumatra and of its satellite islands." volume="7" year="1959">van Benthem Jutting 1959: 131</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 132.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="42A5EC2FA87C94F014006DE660B11B93">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="4C37455180CFAC31380C15EF69507C9D">
<taxonomicName id="5302525E00A62EC3FC4A5CB4678AE996" baseAuthorityName="T.Hutton" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Lamellaxis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracile" subGenus="Allopeas">
<emphasis id="955ED763FECE1A2A348979FF6F3180CD" italics="true">Lamellaxis</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="9665A8996826E0AEEC4D0AE688AC327F" italics="true">Allopeas</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="99F328D8714BF08DEB8AD6B332AAEBDD" italics="true">gracile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="7639D4451D3A1058CA8BAB5F002F7B3D">
<treatmentCitation id="5D93F9F98C7A10B6A9990685E224B9B6" author="Solem A" page="94" year="1966">
<bibRefCitation id="A8F85E2EEE098D0DA892FD973DFB0862" author="Solem A" firstAuthor="Solem" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zoologia Musei Hauniensis" page="94" pagination="1-110" refId="B99" refString="Solem A (1966) Some non-marine mollusks from Thailand. Spolia Zoologia Musei Hauniensis 24: 1110." title="Some non-marine mollusks from Thailand." volume="24" year="1966">Solem 1966: 94</bibRefCitation>
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.
</comment>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CFE9D07FB291E3006CC0A0EBA718ABDD">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="D42762AA987A753686B211AC2AFF93EB">
<taxonomicName id="907E461924E4271A9F6E9E07D3078A2D" ID-CoL="NTDF" baseAuthorityName="T. Hutton" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Allopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="EDC7648224C565181EFE4D6E43ACA702" italics="true">Allopeas gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="1310B4F4DD5BDDC14EF72DD88C2A71E8">
<treatmentCitation id="C813A8D5191D4DC9632FFDE5976A6DFF" author="Maassen WJM" page="81" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="DD428FAFC7DDE307673D2DBEB5A71EDD" author="Maassen WJM" firstAuthor="Maassen" journalOrPublisher="De Kreukel" page="81" pagination="1-155" refId="B57" refString="Maassen WJM (2001) A preliminary checklist of the non-marine molluscs of West Malaysia. De Kreukel 2001: 1155." title="A preliminary checklist of the non-marine molluscs of West Malaysia." volume="2001" year="2001">Maassen 2001: 81</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 82.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BD7F03BEB345DCCA93B4723624F0A827">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B8B6D73300FB91627F03FD6ED9E69822">
<taxonomicName id="9C3D1CBA96511315C07D17161DB2D14D" ID-CoL="BXZV" baseAuthorityName="Hutton" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Allopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracile">
<emphasis id="55A2F75EB8060DBA2BC92705A6AEC958" italics="true">Allopeas gracile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="0519E48F475737EF1138F2AD3B71D010">
<treatmentCitation id="D8BBE62DE21B71D1326061BA2CFB4311" author="Schileyko AA" page="9" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="75E3B20574D66DDA9D5E90611A7DFCFF" author="Schileyko AA" firstAuthor="Schileyko" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Ruthenica" page="9" pagination="1-68" refId="B96" refString="Schileyko AA (2011) Checklist of land pulmonate molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora). Ruthenica 21 (1): 168." title="Checklist of land pulmonate molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)." volume="21" year="2011">Schileyko 2011: 9</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="379F42E14471E6FCD2E959E90269F793" author="Do DS &amp; Do VN" page="452" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="42DA9BEA7B56C40288BDB9099EE85E46" DOI="10.15625/0866-7160/v36n4.6174" author="Do DS &amp; Do VN" firstAuthor="Do" issue="11" journalOrPublisher="Tapchi Sinh Hoc" page="452" pagination="451-459" refId="B30" refString="Do DS, Do VN (2014) The land snail family Subulinidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) from Sonla, Vietnam, with description of two new species. Tapchi Sinh Hoc 36 (11): 451459. https://doi.org/10.15625/0866-7160/v36n4.6174" title="The land snail family Subulinidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) from Sonla, Vietnam, with description of two new species." volume="36" year="2014">Do and Do 2014: 452</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 1 a.
<treatmentCitation id="4F95F1A14401346689F7769C31C2594F" author="Raheem DC &amp; Taylor H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Preece RC &amp; Aravind NA &amp; Naggs F" page="117" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="0DE12E31931D6C2FE7F9D50494967765" author="Raheem DC &amp; Taylor H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Preece RC &amp; Aravind NA &amp; Naggs F" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Raheem" page="117" refId="B90" refString="Raheem DC, Taylor H, Ablett J, Preece RC, Aravind NA, Naggs F (2014) A systematic revision of the land snails of the Western Ghats of India. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 4): 1294." year="2014">Raheem et al. 2014: 117</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 118, fig. 73 d f.
<treatmentCitation id="5EB2BAD5C9B70E78EA12245D12B9C8B2" author="Inkhavilay K &amp; Sutcharit C &amp; Bantaowong U &amp; Chanabun R &amp; Siriwut W &amp; Srisonchai R &amp; Pholyotha A &amp; Jirapatrasilp P &amp; Panha S" page="50" year="2019">
<bibRefCitation id="A8CE0737FC3C2223D1D68238AFA5A3FD" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" author="Inkhavilay K &amp; Sutcharit C &amp; Bantaowong U &amp; Chanabun R &amp; Siriwut W &amp; Srisonchai R &amp; Pholyotha A &amp; Jirapatrasilp P &amp; Panha S" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Inkhavilay" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" page="50" pagination="1-166" refId="B47" refString="Inkhavilay K, Sutcharit C, Bantaowong U, Chanabun R, Siriwut W, Srisonchai R, Pholyotha A, Jirapatrasilp P, Panha S (2019) Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 834: 1166. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" title="Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda)." volume="834" year="2019">Inkhavilay et al. 2019: 50</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 21 a c.
<treatmentCitation id="67C459C616890EF9FBFFC339F09FD0B7" author="Sutcharit C &amp; Thach P &amp; Chhuoy S &amp; Ngor PB &amp; Jeratthitikul E &amp; Siriwut W &amp; Panha S" page="19" year="">
<bibRefCitation id="0D8887B2F8B6342425D2F6088FBC490D" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.948.51671" author="Sutcharit C &amp; Thach P &amp; Chhuoy S &amp; Ngor PB &amp; Jeratthitikul E &amp; Siriwut W &amp; Panha S" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="1-46" refId="B102" refString="Sutcharit C, Thach P, Chhuoy S, Ngor PB, Jeratthitikul E, Siriwut W, Panha S (2020 b) Annotated checklist of the land snail fauna from southern Cambodia (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 948: 146. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.948.51671" title="Annotated checklist of the land snail fauna from southern Cambodia (Mollusca, Gastropoda)." volume="948">Sutcharit et al. 2020 b</bibRefCitation>
: 19
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EWUAG" type="Type specimens">
<paragraph id="81A8EEF02C93C172DFFBA265575F71CC">
<heading id="46960F67485659A72F833ADA724B97A0" reason="title">Type specimens.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E5EA2ACFA3BFDB88792873EDC0C383E3">
<materialsCitation id="FE1B9C6F6D0A79AB8BAB39ACB2E1FA51" collectionCode="NHMUK" specimenCode="NHMUK 1856.9" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="0C74AE790337478EDCB6DE0336860DFC" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="20A4775BAA571D767A96FFA602E08543" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="FD2257F86C5428B2FE89DEA5A81ECB76" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">
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1856.9
</specimenCode>
. 15.68 / 1 (Fig.
<figureCitation id="247FF49AFB744E418EE69E67F3DAAF41" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A D Allopeas gracile A lectotype NHMUK 1856.09. 15.68 / 1 from Mirzapore B paralectotypes NHMUK 1856.09. 15.68 / 211 and C, D specimen CUMZ 13066 from Mandalay Region, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture E H Bacillum obtusum E, F syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.349 from Bhamo, Upper Burmah G, H specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1725 from Bhamo, Upper Burma and H juvenile shell with last whorl I Bacillum theobaldi, syntype NHMUK 1912.4. 16.121 from Burmah with last whorl." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104501">3 A</figureCitation>
) ex. Hutton collection from Mirzapore, designated in
<bibRefCitation id="A60AA7B75B4AE1C7352D6A187A88FFFC" author="Raheem DC &amp; Taylor H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Preece RC &amp; Aravind NA &amp; Naggs F" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Raheem" page="118" refId="B90" refString="Raheem DC, Taylor H, Ablett J, Preece RC, Aravind NA, Naggs F (2014) A systematic revision of the land snails of the Western Ghats of India. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 4): 1294." year="2014">Raheem et al. (2014: 118)</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
.
<emphasis id="8688484A3CBBA0F70FE3848943C7E8F6" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="A91E2F251ED7C77DCBC5730C9283983B" type="paralectotype">Paralectotypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<named-content id="CE673BC49C4048A590647C04D5D51751" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="E74690E6CAEE06B27432A66C10C06E25" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1856.9. 15.68 / 211 (10 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="18CF22469388079184297BBB1BDC7380" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A D Allopeas gracile A lectotype NHMUK 1856.09. 15.68 / 1 from Mirzapore B paralectotypes NHMUK 1856.09. 15.68 / 211 and C, D specimen CUMZ 13066 from Mandalay Region, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture E H Bacillum obtusum E, F syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.349 from Bhamo, Upper Burmah G, H specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1725 from Bhamo, Upper Burma and H juvenile shell with last whorl I Bacillum theobaldi, syntype NHMUK 1912.4. 16.121 from Burmah with last whorl." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104501">3 B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E1VAG" type="material">
<paragraph id="D289FDB4398CAA984A17FF0FE6F163B5">
<heading id="25895F910798D0CC0020833334E76E13" reason="title">Other material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="36844909466CBBC82F01B3B3F7EB3C49">
Limestone hills (Apache Cement Factory), Pyinyaung Village, Meiktila District,
<collectingRegion id="CABB064D3C1B6D30F1C9D67A226E2389" country="Myanmar" name="Mandalay">Mandalay Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="4D7153E6EBCEA4311BDE5FAF3E9C6EF3" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EDWAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[96.393083,20.827528]}">
<geoCoordinate id="5ECA04BF0C5CB831E94C545BE2E2BB5D" degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="39.1" value="20.827528">20 ° 49 ' 39.1 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="97A2175FA1A19E1F15AAE97A998A94FB" degrees="96" direction="east" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="35.1" value="96.39308">96 ° 23 ' 35.1 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
):
<named-content id="AA9C36EA5A57F6E7DD6C3BAEDEDE0A3D" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">
<collectionCode id="F19D4AA41D8F14E94428954F5D325A3C" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/da58-p0xp" name="Cameroon University, Museum of Zoology" type="">CUMZ</collectionCode>
</named-content>
13066 (8 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="6134E896549B07618142D7D5E2BD675F" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A D Allopeas gracile A lectotype NHMUK 1856.09. 15.68 / 1 from Mirzapore B paralectotypes NHMUK 1856.09. 15.68 / 211 and C, D specimen CUMZ 13066 from Mandalay Region, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture E H Bacillum obtusum E, F syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.349 from Bhamo, Upper Burmah G, H specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1725 from Bhamo, Upper Burma and H juvenile shell with last whorl I Bacillum theobaldi, syntype NHMUK 1912.4. 16.121 from Burmah with last whorl." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104501">3 C, D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="41CC4F81FC4E3FF07B90114579A31666" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure3" ID-arpha="5A817A9A-AFF8-5AB6-BD03-B4E1C943E7D7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104501" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="FE7A8158965D1F713F99A0BDE0B84796">
<label id="72380389B341FA65E466A36E3D5236FF">Figure 3.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="39DE53D7808EF139D5A31349403D814B">
<emphasis id="67D9BA8E9B3FEF25FF6562C77AF36323" bold="true">A D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="91B749F8556C60D93F6BE2BBC329030D" baseAuthorityName="Hutton" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Allopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracile">
<emphasis id="5A4CF2616666D28C05CDCF0C90F899DC" italics="true">Allopeas gracile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="97D4662FFB7E81D0EC4AED42F5DCC6D6" bold="true">A</emphasis>
lectotype
<named-content id="742895020AC69F9F0218CC9E34D52C38" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1856.09. 15.68 / 1 from Mirzapore
<emphasis id="54F83235217146A020C51FFDBC91CAAC" bold="true">B</emphasis>
paralectotypes
<named-content id="5D9DF71300EB025D739DDC86C6447271" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1856.09. 15.68 / 211 and
<emphasis id="CC78C2D84741745F4092E9DF3963736A" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
specimen
<named-content id="950184DAB6F46F70946C7AC78CFE68EF" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">CUMZ</named-content>
13066 from Mandalay Region, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture
<emphasis id="593DE588FCC3376379EFFCA2D80A7EED" bold="true">E H</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="868C9ADB8A68ED88667E5114E818CD0D" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1869" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bacillum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="obtusum">
<emphasis id="8A5B624874D5BA4A006861A90C76766C" italics="true">Bacillum obtusum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FF38D5CE88BF6B5F498071AD1F2EA605" bold="true">E, F</emphasis>
syntype
<named-content id="59E78D3A07C7D06862B54DAD295F062B" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1906.2. 2.349 from Bhamo, Upper Burmah
<emphasis id="60E712B16616F66C4E32AB0B8A7EDC7C" bold="true">G, H</emphasis>
specimen
<named-content id="A79EFC0AF932D27AF40FCD5D2879EB5D" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1903.7. 1.1725 from Bhamo, Upper Burma and
<emphasis id="B00C7A44226A93E2595C9F4A89F0E192" bold="true">H</emphasis>
juvenile shell with last whorl
<emphasis id="DAD221116FD513E15AF1C334778611DD" bold="true">I</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="53CD7D851E4BB014D29DE793F544AA19" baseAuthorityName="Hanley" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bacillum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="theobaldi">
<emphasis id="A5334046F6E208CEE798671342125AD1" italics="true">Bacillum theobaldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, syntype
<named-content id="F7BD39BFAAC6DB47F026CDA48AE94722" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1912.4. 16.121 from Burmah with last whorl.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EPZAG" type="description">
<paragraph id="DC0CBD0D0270AA774C777AEA7D31DD06">
<heading id="13A8FC2F6B09CD5271158008D8D92CF1" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D8D3A0A28B37A2D42E6397B90E55027F">Shell conically elongated, narrow, translucent, glossy, pale yellowish colour, and with 7 ½ 8 whorls. Apex blunt; protoconch ~ 2 whorls and smooth; subsequent whorls with obliquely more or less fine and crowded riblets. Spire gradually tapering; whorls flatly convex; suture wide and shallow; last whorl largest. Aperture high and oblong shape; peristome thin and columellar margin near umbilicus is little expanded; columella straight. Umbilicus narrowly opened.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EUZAG" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="ACDFD65ADC53F6F7C12512637B116665">
<heading id="9B2A44D405E1D69F53C43A96BED55338" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="282C87DDE4C3E60A2F3955AA2613D2E4">
<taxonomicName id="AC9F46B3C588DBA5814F12E007D82068" baseAuthorityName="Hutton" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Allopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracile">
<emphasis id="A8C8DE75269295210ACC56A60BF04E4E" italics="true">Allopeas gracile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distributed worldwide in America, Africa, Europe, and Asia (
<bibRefCitation id="F71C1F51749CCAA5532B16C75B455A0B" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="5664B8AED7AB0E889DFD7F45200BBF09" DOI="10.4002/040.063.0112" author="Horsak" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Horsak" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Malacologia" pagination="123-130" refId="B44" refString="Horsák M, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2020) Paropeas achatinaceum (Pfeiffer, 1846) and other alien Subulinine and Opeatine land snails in European greenhouses (Gastropoda, Achatinidae). Malacologia 63 (1): 123130. https://doi.org/10.4002/040.063.0112" title="Paropeas achatinaceum (Pfeiffer, 1846) and other alien Subulinine and Opeatine land snails in European greenhouses (Gastropoda, Achatinidae)." volume="63" year="2020">Horsák et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
). In South Asia, it has been reported from
<collectingCountry id="10BCC6EC288EE56755C07D8CB20F4DC0" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="CCAD3FF5FE1AAE53D21DF9A3D4720562" name="Pakistan">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="80C4218528832C9B032579EBAF78C003" name="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="126D90BE422794792C1EBDB25910A076" name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
, and all countries in Southeast Asia (
<bibRefCitation id="5FC5AD2DE6515A4FE88D11FB2674F1D8" author="van Benthem Jutting" firstAuthor="van Benthem Jutting" journalOrPublisher="Treubia" pagination="291-435" refId="B110" refString="van Benthem Jutting WSS (1952) Systematic studies on the non-marine Mollusca of the Ind-Australian archipelago. Treubia 21: 291435." title="Systematic studies on the non-marine Mollusca of the Ind-Australian archipelago." volume="21" year="1952">van Benthem Jutting 1952</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="683F4D155EA69608DF94C6A510BFDF37" author="Panha" firstAuthor="Panha" refId="B72" refString="Panha S (1998) A checklist and classification of the terrestrial pulmonate snails of Thailand. Walkerana 8 [19951996] (19): 3140." year="1998">Panha 1998</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="F4CFDC61258C2A2A665C5AD9393D1E0D" author="Schileyko" firstAuthor="Schileyko" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Ruthenica" pagination="1-68" refId="B96" refString="Schileyko AA (2011) Checklist of land pulmonate molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora). Ruthenica 21 (1): 168." title="Checklist of land pulmonate molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)." volume="21" year="2011">Schileyko 2011</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="35C477EAFB5D7C5F6C24D1C15993A41C" DOI="10.15625/0866-7160/v36n4.6174" author="Do and Do" firstAuthor="Do" issue="11" journalOrPublisher="Tapchi Sinh Hoc" pagination="451-459" refId="B30" refString="Do DS, Do VN (2014) The land snail family Subulinidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) from Sonla, Vietnam, with description of two new species. Tapchi Sinh Hoc 36 (11): 451459. https://doi.org/10.15625/0866-7160/v36n4.6174" title="The land snail family Subulinidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) from Sonla, Vietnam, with description of two new species." volume="36" year="2014">Do and Do 2014</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="013E018BCB1FCAB796C71B0BCCFF4159" author="Raheem" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Raheem" refId="B90" refString="Raheem DC, Taylor H, Ablett J, Preece RC, Aravind NA, Naggs F (2014) A systematic revision of the land snails of the Western Ghats of India. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 4): 1294." year="2014">Raheem et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="E76D6A7ADD52B8AF8DA60598CDED9AAA" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.492.9175" author="Budha" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Budha" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="1-48" refId="B23" refString="Budha PB, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2015) Annotated checklist of the terrestrial gastropods of Nepal. ZooKeys 492: 148. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.492.9175" title="Annotated checklist of the terrestrial gastropods of Nepal." volume="492" year="2015">Budha et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B6E7A2807A18BD1A437CA9D70CD3FAA8" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.682.12999" author="Foon" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Foon" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="1-94" refId="B35" refString="Foon JK, Clements GR, Liew TS (2017) Diversity and biogeography of land snails (Mollusca, Gastropoda) in the limestone hills of Perak, Peninsular Malaysia. ZooKeys 682: 194. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.682.12999" title="Diversity and biogeography of land snails (Mollusca, Gastropoda) in the limestone hills of Perak, Peninsular Malaysia." volume="682" year="2017">Foon et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="4961E0F39C25BD392C6F5A9878881BA8" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" author="Inkhavilay" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Inkhavilay" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="1-166" refId="B47" refString="Inkhavilay K, Sutcharit C, Bantaowong U, Chanabun R, Siriwut W, Srisonchai R, Pholyotha A, Jirapatrasilp P, Panha S (2019) Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 834: 1166. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" title="Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda)." volume="834" year="2019">Inkhavilay et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="F876A3A54E0466FD5D64EE725FEA01E8" DOI="10.1093/mollus/eyy062" author="Nurinsiyah and Hausdorf" firstAuthor="Nurinsiyah" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Molluscan Studies" pagination="92-102" refId="B71" refString="Nurinsiyah AS, Hausdorf B (2019) Listing, impact assessment and prioritization of introduced land snail and slug species in Indonesia. The Journal of Molluscan Studies 85 (1): 92102. https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/eyy062" title="Listing, impact assessment and prioritization of introduced land snail and slug species in Indonesia." volume="85" year="2019">Nurinsiyah and Hausdorf 2019</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="6608CB0EA42554E535BB1DD82964F56C" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.948.51671" author="Sutcharit C &amp; Thach P &amp; Chhuoy S &amp; Ngor PB &amp; Jeratthitikul E &amp; Siriwut W &amp; Panha S" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="1-46" refId="B102" refString="Sutcharit C, Thach P, Chhuoy S, Ngor PB, Jeratthitikul E, Siriwut W, Panha S (2020 b) Annotated checklist of the land snail fauna from southern Cambodia (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 948: 146. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.948.51671" title="Annotated checklist of the land snail fauna from southern Cambodia (Mollusca, Gastropoda)." volume="948">Sutcharit et al. 2020 b</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2BD6FA9ECFA7C7BC5C7496BE51BBBF45">
This species was previously reported in
<collectingCountry id="542F10B96A0715713AA59BFBD63CD6DD" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
from several localities, including
<collectingRegion id="3D1B297DBDCD069FDE78DB2418C86F65" country="Myanmar" name="Kayin">Kayin State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="ED6B1E6163AA16D0455F8E6C90393744" inferredBySuffix="true">Mon State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="7DB63D597F72375A6420A296CC92EB29" country="Myanmar" name="Kachin">Kachin State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="E2EE2D2AC1FCBCFF3D32D599149E7B92" country="Myanmar" name="Rakhine">Rakhine State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="B762EE97FF874BEBC8FFBE7091DA2878" country="Myanmar" name="Yangon">Yangon Region</collectingRegion>
, and
<collectingRegion id="BA3EE1831202276A7554F1DD887BBC3C" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Bago Region</collectingRegion>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="77325E900C6938CAEA5A930CFADB0834" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914</bibRefCitation>
) and presently in the
<collectingRegion id="6F29D9EA1F9CA38F4B92E01FE17C9E1F" country="Myanmar" name="Mandalay">Mandalay Region</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E22AG" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="68246532C427EBABE78AC1401BC621BE">
<heading id="FA9B41F267BC3BE026CCD2C5E09C78A8" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F95BA8F655215CC4A552A717C477A9B3">
Our material from the
<collectingRegion id="E57327E8DA973E279A687584DEF4D128" country="Myanmar" name="Mandalay">Mandalay Region</collectingRegion>
matches well with the type specimen of this species.
<taxonomicName id="D2EA552AB8E58DFF3D0D837B925C091D" baseAuthorityName="Hutton" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Allopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracile">
<emphasis id="37D955E6333684B8FB2D91B09792BB86" italics="true">Allopeas gracile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a globally distributed alien species introduced to numerous countries and exhibits significant variability in both size and shape, influenced by its expansive distribution range. This species is commonly found in public parks, irrigation areas, greenhouse environments, and residential campuses (
<bibRefCitation id="82B79AEDF7F1A89F2BDA23A3127C0EB6" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="A8C7722D382A9A236832C2A72778EE4B" DOI="10.1007/s12210-020-00920-y" author="Neubert and Bochud" firstAuthor="Neubert" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Scienze Fisiche e Naturali" pagination="655-676" refId="B67" refString="Neubert E, Bochud E (2020) The continental malacofauna of Arabia and adjacent areas, VII. The family Achatinidae (Coeliaxinae, Subulininae) in the Socotran Archipelago (Gastropoda, Pulmonata). Rendiconti Lincei. Scienze Fisiche e Naturali 31 (3): 655676. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12210-020-00920-y" title="The continental malacofauna of Arabia and adjacent areas, VII. The family Achatinidae (Coeliaxinae, Subulininae) in the Socotran Archipelago (Gastropoda, Pulmonata). Rendiconti Lincei." volume="31" year="2020">Neubert and Bochud 2020</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B32D92D9C0AD3A3CD2F0CA777A5FFFD9" DOI="10.11609/jott.8019.14.9.21845-21852" author="Kalita" firstAuthor="Kalita" issue="9" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Threatened Taxa" pagination="21845-21852" refId="B52" refString="Kalita G (2022) Land snails of Guwahati, Assam, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 14 (9): 2184521852. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.8019.14.9.21845-21852" title="Land snails of Guwahati, Assam, India." volume="14" year="2022">Kalita 2022</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
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<heading id="55F0A4559538957E8DB985A40D545E48" reason="label">5</heading>
<taxonomicName id="3F73749E95436C226D1FED32008FDEE0" authority="(Blanford, 1865)" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="341A8D22165087BD988484B3E0F6B34E" italics="true">Curvella pusilla</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="4D70A817041946F8EFDB94A6F476515E" author="Blanford WT" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66 - 105. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford, 1865</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="9B6CC1BFAEA74C19B6CAA84B93FD521E">
<figureCitation id="52FA3F241505882E601597A30C341628" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A Curvella plicifera, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.235 from Thyetmyo, Pegu; Akouktoung B, C Curvella pusilla B possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.234 from Akouktong, Pegu and C specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu D, E Curvella puta D holotype UMZC I. 102795 from Tavoy, Birmah (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 55 f) and E specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu F Curvella scrobiculata, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.226 from Akouktong, Pegu." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104502">Fig. 4 B, C</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E05C9C27DE3F4686738D6E9482DD6B27">
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<treatmentCitation id="18DC98BFC0B6EED34FF3A50A4F21C501" author="Blanford WT" page="78" year="1865">
<taxonomicName id="9EE40FB235521BF8D121A7429D97F29F" authority="Blanford, 1865: 78" authorityName="Blanford" authorityPageNumber="78" authorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Spiraxidae" genus="Spiraxis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="6DBC7207BD0B368BDEC05A74003378A8" italics="true">Spiraxis pusilla</emphasis>
<comment id="F2D80C0BB8304F86B88E63DB016E9496">
<bibRefCitation id="D42080409556DA757D2EEDCA580D4892" author="Blanford WT" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66 - 105. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford, 1865: 78</bibRefCitation>
. Type locality: Prome district,
<collectingRegion id="CDE6AC01FAA840E14248C29E60EE6A4E" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
[Pyay District,
<collectingRegion id="2D318DB70AD7148F99A25D00597D700C" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Bago Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="69300867920E3D4B4E12B76E98C4E423" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
].
<treatmentCitation id="71383B9ED06BE3CF860A2ACD52FCA05D" author="Pfeiffer L" page="192" year="1868">
<bibRefCitation id="684C3004B15BC9062844402666293945" author="Pfeiffer L" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" page="192" refId="B80" refString="Pfeiffer L (1868) Monographia Heliceorum Viventium: sistens descriptiones systematicas et criticas omnium huius familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum. Volumen Sextum. Lipsiae: F. A. Brockhaus, 598 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/46666" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/46666" year="1868">Pfeiffer 1868: 192</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. Hanley and Theobald 1874: 34, pl. 79, fig. 8.
</comment>
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<taxonomicName id="AE71CC595A33461BA5F8AD6774A5BE1E" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Hapalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pusillus">
<emphasis id="209F74543847FAB99A01AC99E0D79B32" italics="true">Hapalus pusillus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="C9EECAA19C0312969FA02C77AFDC2E63">
<treatmentCitation id="EAEE21A371C660D1DFA5D1D0F6792110" author="Nevill G" page="174" year="1878">
<bibRefCitation id="63DD8A1676D4D0F77A895D8D3A34E770" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11957" author="Nevill G" firstAuthor="Nevill" journalOrPublisher="Indian Museum, Calcutta" page="174" refId="B69" refString="Nevill G (1878) Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda. Indian Museum, Calcutta, 338 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11957" title="Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda." year="1878">Nevill 1878: 174</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="29D936DC2171FC8A82662F3F2F4E7192">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="78F410A602C4BAF82C9C6B8542B83239">
<taxonomicName id="5714804A12371E59352BA8B37E3F9B83" ID-CoL="4ZZ4J" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="5509B5CE95FA63003CF0B43F79372158" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
<comment id="639EB426AF9176B1D9A38F200295F9BE">
[
<emphasis id="F2A5CDB9D193699FCC51C675662CB895" italics="true">Spraxis</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="AD06FD5F8E65567BE867401AF23576EE" italics="true">Euspiraxis</emphasis>
)]
<emphasis id="4378646EB0528CAF6493B1D439B71143" italics="true">pusilla</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="EBFEAA567CB2E3F8EC3796964AC34F8D" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" page="324" year="1881">
<bibRefCitation id="E9362D25DE20AC3BDE68D56FBE806669" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" journalOrPublisher="Kassel, Fischer" page="324" refId="B82" refString="Pfeiffer L, Clessin S (1881) Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali. Kassel, Fischer, 617 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" title="Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" year="1881">Pfeiffer and Clessin 1881: 324</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="068E2443B5169A32D48A98EA7A05AD6B">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A4FF8F79330DBD6E5075760E55A8AF03">
<taxonomicName id="3BCE64B8E05F77AA1FC6B00F15D82E26" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="EECCB35F0CA9EF3CFFBBDEEBEFFD6ED8" italics="true">Curvella pusilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="8A61BB39A99F7AC7FB8BB1BBFFA9A813">
<treatmentCitation id="03FC1F144E777DD0C4EA4460D75C01B8" author="Pilsbry HA" page="64" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="F38C5F52868DCF08F2A47C7C6FF9F277" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" page="64" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906: 64</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 9, fig. 48.
<treatmentCitation id="01CA8F50DC384E0F520D7E8AA5EC57C0" author="Gude GK" page="351" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="7C8B44A71D35A2BC5B1DACC7A1DB62C9" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="351" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 351</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E1IAI" type="Type specimens">
<paragraph id="D0386F84A2694766230BE2256B37BEB1">
<heading id="13977F59D8EEEBEE8D5E6E9496660634" reason="title">Type specimens.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7E0C77F9AE3501351EA5EA8A7420B899">
<emphasis id="4F67C243033D05B42609FFC617391AD6" bold="true" italics="true">
Possible
<typeStatus id="8B959E2C5EFA5322F1CFD9310C6290A3" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<named-content id="B2698781384956B18450D78E658F6CD0" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
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1906.2. 2.234 (2 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="B708DA8D61833F0931A32FD5611A2514" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A Curvella plicifera, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.235 from Thyetmyo, Pegu; Akouktoung B, C Curvella pusilla B possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.234 from Akouktong, Pegu and C specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu D, E Curvella puta D holotype UMZC I. 102795 from Tavoy, Birmah (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 55 f) and E specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu F Curvella scrobiculata, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.226 from Akouktong, Pegu." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104502">4 B</figureCitation>
) ex. Blanford collection from Akouktong,
<collectingRegion id="096E1207564EB421B0DD46688D38C227" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EOJAI" type="material">
<paragraph id="740C0B783B4F7DEBE7B72E3D0C121BCE">
<heading id="26A8DC826B18BE99564B0F017113DEA2" reason="title">Other material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5F25A4524D868FD009A402147751C077">
<named-content id="877ED7F4F7FD1CC693E763CB8EE15CCE" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="6A2032C1C47B38DB385097364DE90D9E" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1888.12. 4.10031004 (1 shell identified as
<taxonomicName id="663BBB994FE3160F82C14DB23E7ECE2E" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="4BA8E7048B50FBA6D1D2D4C9BEB249F5" italics="true">C. pusilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Fig.
<figureCitation id="51C9E3A58084116E83A6F8E0A0772F5C" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A Curvella plicifera, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.235 from Thyetmyo, Pegu; Akouktoung B, C Curvella pusilla B possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.234 from Akouktong, Pegu and C specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu D, E Curvella puta D holotype UMZC I. 102795 from Tavoy, Birmah (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 55 f) and E specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu F Curvella scrobiculata, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.226 from Akouktong, Pegu." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104502">4 C</figureCitation>
[another shell identified as
<taxonomicName id="0DA7F21ED9C29779464FC0D6FB688AFA" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1857" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="puta">
<emphasis id="F310D1EB6043CA2EFEBB5FD4C17FAAD8" italics="true">C. puta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
]) ex. W. Theobald collection from
<collectingRegion id="810451AE8479756C2752F44FD1BE13C3" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ETKAI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="C64A8FA75DFE11675FE4831DBD108DD7">
<heading id="0FF8309C6E1236F571C0BF9D32989166" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="66D8CA11E279C9224DEA07D31300DB67">Shell ovate conic; spire low; apex bluntly obtuse; subsequent whorls with prominent growth lines. Suture shallow and whorls slightly flattened. Aperture broadly ovate and pointed posteriorly; columella twisted and expanded; parietal callus thin. Umbilicus closed.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EYKAI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="BDEABA4BCE48A41FDB0931CED8E96EFE">
<heading id="0EA9F88CFE683734E653FFAEB0B48D90" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3BBC231138CEE0AB8D19C34BB08FF8E5">
This species seems restricted to
<collectingCountry id="F42CCB60714D585DE4427AA4D51E8EFE" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
and is known only from the type locality. The modern administrations of the type locality are Prome district [Pyay District] and Pegu [
<collectingRegion id="168EDA9FC08F33DCE6376F86E19AEA9C" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Bago Region</collectingRegion>
].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E4KAI" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="ECE6ED8D60C8C238CA3EB4402DEE3079">
<heading id="17EE590B4A4C221608BA1C7EAED9E713" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A1941281A82B00D07776D1B49E2522F">
No new material of this species was found in this study, and only the probable
<typeStatus id="74E083291D4FC0B418252696EC2108A1" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
were examined. These are considered possible
<typeStatus id="A347544D1BE628BC442D2618E3455CC8" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
material since the locality data (Akouktong,
<collectingRegion id="AAB885C6955563CCEF787F33B8E1DBA1" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
) does not precisely match that which was given in the original description (Prome district,
<collectingRegion id="164BFC77813F1435934E7867DEDF1821" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3661E7EAA06D622AE997A6B0F5251BB9">
<bibRefCitation id="554B38F1DF382EDA531424B4EAC4F80D" author="Blanford WT" firstAuthor="Blanford" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66105. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford (1865)</bibRefCitation>
noted that
<taxonomicName id="00BF6AC7FB834B2F032A2D62C735610C" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="68CD84CED161304E2772E8EE72BAC2CD" italics="true">C. pusilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles the young specimen of
<taxonomicName id="316AA153AA4F668D35C851E53D87F5FB" authority="(Benson, 1857)" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1857" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="puta">
<emphasis id="A3410AC1B0807432ADD046FFAC6AB0B1" italics="true">C. puta</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="6BC994333090CEBF72F1F560EEB57A27" DOI="10.1080/00222935708693934" author="Benson WH" refId="B11" refString="Benson WH (1857) New species of Bulimus from India, Burma, and Mauritius. Annals &amp; Magazine of Natural History Series 2 19 (112): 327 - 330. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935708693934" year="1857">Benson, 1857</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, but this species has a closed umbilicus, while
<taxonomicName id="4210DD649E3382372EB51FA00D5FD523" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1857" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="puta">
<emphasis id="F28DD0F8707278DAE73EF85558D6118D" italics="true">C. puta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses an opened umbilicus. We recognise
<taxonomicName id="0529C1C20BB2C9AF4B67E7DE10AE9F0D" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="D384733C40DAD643B91B4C27603D158C" italics="true">C. pusilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a valid species following Blanfords description, and no new materials of this species were examined in this study.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
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<mods:title id="274080191E368E52D983BCC329AC6B0E">Contributions on a small collection of the former Subulinidae Fischer &amp; Crosse, 1877 (Eupulmonata, Achatinoidea) with catalogue of the Glessula and Rishetia species recorded from Myanmar</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="9168D8A461665EE0D5BE5959FBDDA94A">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand &amp; Department of Zoology, University of Yangon, University Avenue Road, Kamayut Township 11041, Yangon, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2915E8663FBFFDE46C1B1A655DF03CDE">Ablett, Jonathan D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="23BEFFA1828A3E5034A589FA2B97F828">Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="C8DFCF6F72A6FFE881C1325B607443A7">Lwin, Ngwe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5BCE3A43DC95FF95319FBE9D2D4F01D1">Fauna and Flora International, No. 35, 3 rd Floor, Shan Gone Condo, Myay Ni Gone Market Street, Sanchaung Township, Yangon, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="D97F55B0FEDD6DA2BE847420C30C1F09">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="48ADEA1EAE465ABBAEACF53C3D790051" ID-arpha="48ADEA1E-AE46-5ABB-AEAC-F53C3D790051" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:48ADEA1EAE465ABBAEACF53C3D790051" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/48ADEA1EAE465ABBAEACF53C3D790051">
<subSubSection id="AFBDD2B6DB86FD37346CEFF62693C11E" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F59CF14A128CD0B5BD5684CDE3581702">
<heading id="9CCFC28E88F942B282F026EF23D447CF" reason="label">36</heading>
<taxonomicName id="C360FC968B82216C7A5F7F53E2B6AB03" authority="(Blanford, 1865)" authorityName="Man &amp; Ablett &amp; Lwin &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="pertenuis" status="comb. nov." subSpecies="major">
<emphasis id="8DBE0797A56E5A0F61B9C203F77C84F5" italics="true">Rishetia pertenuis major</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="440410AD7AA6CDD942C207B1492A3E09" author="Blanford WT" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66 - 105. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford, 1865</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7AB07E2048A14B675861E809166005BF" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="48394DAC185CEE56E423D0B22239F448">
<figureCitation id="CE958EA5BE85195F007A4E10A10AA0CB" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. A E Rishetia pertenuis A, B possible syntypes NHMUK 1906.2. 2.239 from Henzada, Pegu and Tongoop, Arakan C specimen NHMUK from Tongoop, Arakan and D, E specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.122931 from Pegu F, G Rishetia pertenuis major, possible syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2208 from Pyema Khyoung, Bassein H Rishetia tenuispira, specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3332 from Garo Hills." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104513">Fig. 15 F, G</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="1E6BC6EA390737FD15DDE68CD86BA07A">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="78D5ECE6B0EB6591CD5BF86CFA3246FF">
<treatmentCitation id="220BB2FF5A9F0128E1A02D9838DB206E" author="Blanford WT" page="79" year="1865">
<taxonomicName id="95FA695F86025DAD30F13C128EDD220B" authority="Blanford, 1865: 79" authorityName="Blanford" authorityPageNumber="79" authorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="pertenuis" variety="major">
<emphasis id="4E9574F24D1199870574C1CB871E5CEE" italics="true">Achatina pertenuis var. major</emphasis>
<comment id="74C83DEF689B0AA34B6B8678993D73EB">
<bibRefCitation id="8A176766CFF3CB7E079559671E1ADE36" author="Blanford WT" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66 - 105. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford, 1865: 79</bibRefCitation>
. Type locality: Pyema Khyoung, Bassein District,
<collectingRegion id="2C4A08C64C6AD2725D01274430431504" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
[PyayMa Khaung or Pyinma Khuang, Pathein Township, Pathein District,
<collectingRegion id="5EE60B96A72BF6DE0ED0597E1C4DD3EA" country="Myanmar" name="Ayeyawady">Ayeyarwady Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="D75C3D51785C63B1699890745BA935DD" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
].
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B9719D20E8A076F481A1BCFE7CE82731">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="D3393AA504B1335283A2484902837E19">
<taxonomicName id="348A9C8EB9DE57A7B56CC882004CB865" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="pertenuis" variety="major">
<emphasis id="A5780DB32C8C8D7A12A548296B466208" italics="true">Glessula pertenuis var. major</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="133CEAADA5AE5254D87D967E5BFE205D">
<treatmentCitation id="293B440B6BA6B03396A7538AEF4E6481" author="Gude GK" page="381" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="0C7882D6EF2BF97565BD3AC54D5EBEDB" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="381" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 381</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="BAD89C8D7C41EA5A870951F148CD38A3" author="Godwin-Austen HH" page="53" year="1920">
<bibRefCitation id="18392559E42B5B84F974008DFA5E32B4" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="53" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920: 53</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EIWFK" type="Type specimen">
<paragraph id="6604BB123A6A015D25C547C7DC146EDE">
<heading id="2264C6DA15F169548B6E80C70D876D6E" reason="title">Type specimen.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE8A80FD365B98F4362948CCE1252F5F">
<materialsCitation id="4003D138DE8D63FEA7B7000BCA204D6B" collectionCode="NHMUK" location="Pyema Khyoung" specimenCode="1906.1. 1.2208" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bassein" typeStatus="syntype">
<emphasis id="A620A4A295C17BB8DCB98EF8D945ED64" bold="true" italics="true">
Possible
<typeStatus id="1F893292178376BB9EB416239C940689" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<named-content id="14EDB6049DFB4EE60BA4F01FF760011B" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="6BC03F7191E5BC5B9847ACB41ED48C36" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
<specimenCode id="8F3DB677CEFB0B5FD5EF13EE42027B72">1906.1. 1.2208</specimenCode>
(6 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="B28C2D559C065A9AD9E9A40E38B822E0" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. A E Rishetia pertenuis A, B possible syntypes NHMUK 1906.2. 2.239 from Henzada, Pegu and Tongoop, Arakan C specimen NHMUK from Tongoop, Arakan and D, E specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.122931 from Pegu F, G Rishetia pertenuis major, possible syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2208 from Pyema Khyoung, Bassein H Rishetia tenuispira, specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3332 from Garo Hills." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104513">15 F, G</figureCitation>
) ex. Blanford collection from
<location id="089FE390F3F13880241F8459DE8490E1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:48ADEA1EAE465ABBAEACF53C3D790051:089FE390F3F13880241F8459DE8490E1" name="Pyema Khyoung" stateProvince="Bassein">Pyema Khyoung</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="0BC82B515526CE9A4AB5C3C865E33821">Bassein</collectingRegion>
; label state
<taxonomicName id="D81E892A147ECD7E73D77DC0FB8D33B6" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="basseinensis">
<emphasis id="EAE345AD3F8FB6E2A8A101DE46310B12" italics="true">
<originalDetermination id="4A8D05B05D5BFBB6AFBFD76AB0A816A0">Glessula basseinensis</originalDetermination>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
G-A.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EHXFK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="5AF108FA9A82E8AFC6BFE485B76AEBD9">
<heading id="5C209C5742D9EA9DDBCB23927C2B0106" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="557F7CDF9693412EAEBB375377227B1C">Shell elongate, turreted and regularly attenuated; apex rounded and blunt; subsequent whorls with fine equally spaced radial ridges throughout, which coarser near suture. Suture impressed and whorls slightly flattened. Aperture broadly ovate; columella strong concave and truncated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EMXFK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="4F0C24695D08329B1CB68E758F841952">
<heading id="6AD91B1BF7E0C59CFF1D61198E098836" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2E203350DEC56A1D2F66AE1A33EB35E2">This subspecies was known solely from the type locality.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ERXFK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="B3AB5FF8DE542C85DDAF5C0E892F4592">
<heading id="61C41691722A2E6CB078243D3ECF8BD5" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E6F9970635A23419B94EEFAD4C731F1E">
When describing
<taxonomicName id="ECFEAA1BAE8878C9D27FCB86823081DF" authority="', Blanford (1865)" authorityName="', Blanford" authorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pertenuis">
<emphasis id="176954605611D5F218C6EECDE70A3ED2" italics="true">Achatina pertenuis</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="53C30A9AAEAA3F84B243761326219406" author="Blanford WT" firstAuthor="Blanford" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66105. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford (1865)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
recognised the larger shells as a distinct variety and gave them the name
<taxonomicName id="8ACD5CBA50FACFF9241F7BAC50C0F528" authorityName="Blanford" authorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="pertenuis" variety="major">
var.
<emphasis id="66A87AF6AB2F286B4BE05547168674BD" italics="true">major</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This taxon name was made available, although without description, because the two sets of shell dimensions and materials from Pyema Khyoung, Bassein district, Pegu confer the indication (
<collectionCode id="0A421302027DFD142CEE6468AF04D6FF">ICZN</collectionCode>
1999: Arts 11.9 and 12).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="898DC6E6BCC5338F03787B58A4EA4A2F">
The type series of the taxa could not be traced. Only
<specimenCount id="F344A20F20C2A18DAC0F5D9D5D4BBECD" count="1" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
lot from the Godwin-Austen collection belongs to W. T. Blanfords original type series., i. e.,
<named-content id="9E9D51F0F9F492F61A00CE49E46B4DD7" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="ED75C1B0B9A822545166E53887CA8980" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1906.1. 1.2208, with the original label in Godwin-Austens handwriting marked ex. duplicate collection Blf., intermediate between
<taxonomicName id="6F31C8E99787A47C87A3F227E05352E6" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tenuispira">
<emphasis id="D344DAAED61FFE447A9B1A8DD352B0EF" italics="true">A. tenuispira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="03A08D538F2BBB56DDEC225D34C6789B" authorityName="', Blanford" authorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pertenuis">
<emphasis id="3027178D446DD1FE8BE5F18633184F14" italics="true">A. pertenuis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with a species name
<taxonomicName id="985FEFF2BC0D667B1D482BC694A264D2" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="basseinensis">
<emphasis id="B59B6939E9697B0258353E52A5207676" italics="true">Glessula basseinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
G-A. , and collection locality Pyema Khyoung, Bassein. Therefore, this specimen lot is here considered as possible
<typeStatus id="747352226E0BCAB7BD088FE9E0B81AD4" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
material, and the two shells closest to the shell measurements given in the original description are illustrated herein.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="619FB8EEBEB513D28DECC9A4F7612876">
The modern name of Pyema Khyoung, Bassein District, Pegu is the PyayMa Khaung or Pyinma Khuang (~
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EC1FK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[95.763028,18.647694]}">
<geoCoordinate id="89D625E445864EEC018DB9941808D2D4" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="51.7" value="18.647694">18 ° 38 ' 51.7 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F7292286C917FE90B1FBA1BB44D46C40" degrees="95" direction="east" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="46.9" value="95.76303">95 ° 45 ' 46.9 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
), Pathein Township, Pathein District,
<collectingRegion id="A6E1EA43553F86FC303798B3890B6B2C" country="Myanmar" name="Ayeyawady">Ayeyarwady Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="E97CF31784FB433169BF1555B4B9F7B4" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
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<mods:title id="7F0B8E5A1A2916B7AA572B755FB11948">Contributions on a small collection of the former Subulinidae Fischer &amp; Crosse, 1877 (Eupulmonata, Achatinoidea) with catalogue of the Glessula and Rishetia species recorded from Myanmar</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8588B302B413066488E9D94A30ACCA8D">
<heading id="8C6707DD686C97567C56E291243BAD96" reason="label">34</heading>
<taxonomicName id="67001D9645D1F9FB6CF46EDCA09B95A4" authority="(Godwin-Austen, 1920)" authorityName="Man &amp; Ablett &amp; Lwin &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Godwin-Austen" baseAuthorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nathiana" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="C9A8AC11CB98A8082F0442591BCBFD78" italics="true">Rishetia nathiana</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="32306A610515A0EE9C4F60938A08290F" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D3FF684CD4B3BC2AEBB15F29FEE9DC81" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B9496CA697D4081C6D274883C89B7127" type="description">
<paragraph id="CDE880AEAF2C985E79C897E11B548D15">
<figureCitation id="51060D0FDE0D892FD0FCB4C80463B699" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. A C Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli A, B specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3742 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Burma and C specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3744 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Burma D Rishetia hastula, neotype NHMUK 1906.1. 1.880 from Darjiling E, F Rishetia kentungensis, syntypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3650 from Mong Sing, Siam Boundary G Rishetia limborgi, holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3200 from Tenasserim H, I Rishetia nathiana, syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2206 from Bassein District." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104512">Fig. 14 H, I</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="DA23B37C868E1E09DD9253E646B9AAEE">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="FAE754BB08626B366AE7DAF278864543">
<treatmentCitation id="A89CD08B5BCB6B884B2D92305642CF4C" author="Godwin-Austen HH" page="54" year="1920">
<taxonomicName id="2E6DAE4CB97C937634E065E736EFC3EB" ID-CoL="7RFHH" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1920: 54" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityPageNumber="54" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nathiana" subGenus="Rishetia">
<emphasis id="80AAA8AF8E13DDC562ACA8827BA63C21" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="7226B6309E5E049198D9E1BD3A41E61E" italics="true">Rishetia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="04CD2D43092C7D3F9770A97BDBF06D48" italics="true">nathiana</emphasis>
<comment id="5D223E4E95D54B4A87D4C549E66A4941">
<bibRefCitation id="688412DC6376801F67AF3222B6B36C27" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920: 54</bibRefCitation>
, 55. Type locality: Bassein District [Pathein District,
<collectingRegion id="27E4CE2D00BE669EA933BE79072EE026" country="Myanmar" name="Ayeyawady">Ayeyarwady Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="B451F744A880B1CA36E4FAAD4FA3A838" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
].
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EXGFK" type="Type specimens">
<paragraph id="459DCF5C1C562C7CC6F39090D8072EF8">
<heading id="50DB90D45B3870610962958608DA9839" reason="title">Type specimens.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ED1BD8A8F10711949D0B17678F4B2A6B">
<materialsCitation id="C014265A04B82B2E4FAFBA5ED5D30BA8" collectionCode="NHMUK" location="Bassein District" specimenCode="1906.1. 1.2206" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
<emphasis id="4B5BEF213521C6299913B4A95E27BE67" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="3229542E75E7702AECB224577C5FD8E7" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<named-content id="D3E42C04E180B4F22F11D23FB8671445" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="5D5AFDFDC49B2B873947D55F99E1E961" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
<specimenCode id="F10820FCD3FE79A2EEE945E6FB6C9A9C">1906.1. 1.2206</specimenCode>
[re-registered in error as 1986018] (5 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="7A639C00319561CAD094C234FC85F8EF" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. A C Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli A, B specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3742 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Burma and C specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3744 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Burma D Rishetia hastula, neotype NHMUK 1906.1. 1.880 from Darjiling E, F Rishetia kentungensis, syntypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3650 from Mong Sing, Siam Boundary G Rishetia limborgi, holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3200 from Tenasserim H, I Rishetia nathiana, syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2206 from Bassein District." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104512">14 H, I</figureCitation>
) ex. Blanford collection from
<location id="9B965CD33DF832954BA503DD5526F679" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4A29A2B4EA445C9EBFF532E26F90D0D7:9B965CD33DF832954BA503DD5526F679" name="Bassein District">Bassein District</location>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ELHFK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="02FD766A6F53AEC6DE1706ED8135B470">
<heading id="AB806458B191A867CEB35BD86B3D8EC8" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2AD97C61979B85AAFD58EB37BA1FF238">Shell elongate turreted and regularly attenuated; apex rounded and blunt; subsequent whorls with very fine equally spaced radial ridges, which coarser near suture. Suture impressed and whorls flattened convex. Aperture broadly ovate; columella concave and truncated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQHFK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D7801F8F3DF72E72C71BEF1754568029">
<heading id="5AEC260553C3256FBACB0B7CF59AC2F6" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A8EEDB014A6EBCA82818F0DD030379B9">
<taxonomicName id="3ED44EBC875B4585655421CF0D58E6DE" authorityName="Man &amp; Ablett &amp; Lwin &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Godwin-Austen" baseAuthorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nathiana">
<emphasis id="3911B76E5210A2F05BB7F42816C4A466" italics="true">Rishetia nathiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known only from the type locality and is likely endemic to that region.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBIFK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="AA4490A59BB83F505BF1F22EA06CFF42">
<heading id="47A26431741192E243C18B0DC365040C" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="299A8935FF0A689E42E9E53294EAC1D9">
Godwin-Austen clearly stated that the original description was based on a specimen lot, ex. W. T. Blanford collection with the catalogue number Type No. 2206.06. 1.1
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0EHIFK" xlink_title="used in old labels for the British Museum">
<collectionCode id="A83439F8F184F029A89DE9A874C341C2">B</collectionCode>
. M
</abbrev>
. . The
<named-content id="85BBC3E9313B52322FE904283ABB240A" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="6AC585DE30C5EBE2F52E48939C004E7A" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
collections contain a lot of
<specimenCount id="7560AD0BF44F84FD93C64BB546F08D67" count="5" type="generic">five specimens</specimenCount>
from the Godwin-Austen ex. Blanford collection with original label Type and ex. duplicate collection. The specimen matches well with the given shell measurements, and the original description is illustrated herein for the first time.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
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<mods:title id="8D66506BC1EF886535212FD2B44463B2">Contributions on a small collection of the former Subulinidae Fischer &amp; Crosse, 1877 (Eupulmonata, Achatinoidea) with catalogue of the Glessula and Rishetia species recorded from Myanmar</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="57A29BD9A988AFE537A1E8931B9F59C5" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="82427993F3DE7B35E249AD50C60FF3A7">
<heading id="F86732039BC9651782B6D2745EC24297" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="863BB98CFDDE66874F2F92D0C5EC86E9" authority="Theobald, 1870" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Bacillum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BD9C68F7C96634603B45DF24A97E7DAB" italics="true">Bacillum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="200B3DD366AFC33D0B6A8B8C74E7B764" author="Theobald W" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="395-402" refId="B105" refString="Theobald W (1870) Descriptions of some new land shells from the Shan States and Pegu. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 39 (1): 395 - 402." title="Descriptions of some new land shells from the Shan States and Pegu." volume="39" year="1870">Theobald, 1870</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B02E8F004D5ADE36078BAB632BB60F1B">
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<taxonomicName id="F4DE87B4D975E25A839064BDD55B21D7" authority="Theobald" authorityName="Theobald" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Bacillum">
<emphasis id="2726D77320B6C56D47F43B9BB4BBA824" italics="true">Achatina</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="CD4D7EA27E0D05F9193C2AE6D089476C" italics="true">Bacillum</emphasis>
)
<comment id="7B41825247A7DEB629264FCE836716F3">
Theobald in
<treatmentCitation id="09106BEB2C21419170070482E58FEF17" author="Hanley SCT &amp; Theobald W (1870" page="17" year="1870">
<bibRefCitation id="6BC7D2BEF0C0769036A4B88EF3484220" author="Hanley SCT &amp; Theobald W (1870" firstAuthor="Hanley" page="17" refId="B43" refString="Hanley SCT, Theobald W (1870 (1870); pp 1928, pls 4160 (1872); pp 2934, pls 6180 (1873). pp 3548, pls 81120 (1874); pp 4956, pls 121140 (1875); pp 5765, pls 141160 (1876)] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50391" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50391" year="1870">Hanley and Theobald 1870: 17</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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<taxonomicName id="972D0AF0A3E5D644C3DD6CB69722A5CC" ID-CoL="7NZ84" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bacillum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7D4858D175DEC0CAA526FFB5E781895C" italics="true">Bacillum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="D34D90D5F3D7AFD14D4FA49BD09C0DA7">
<treatmentCitation id="8BF99B30B745F8D0F61161CE3BC5A616" author="Pilsbry HA" page="1" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="80EC0C79823173B4148E3DD2CCE1701C" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" page="1" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906: 1</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="238491CA0A6C57BA14352309387F1372" author="Gude GK" page="343" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="31650987F121E1A1455962158DF449E3" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="343" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 343</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="7CE9B5ABAB8E7363C38732AD82F25499" author="Godwin-Austen HH" page="7" year="1920">
<bibRefCitation id="C6915AED3160F7AB75926253A3534DA5" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="7" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920: 7</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="85520B05099F673D36BBB8E780B9FD8B" author="Zilch A" page="346" year="1959">
<bibRefCitation id="AB0265D141D0C2E7B45592193AB56F70" author="Zilch A" editor="Schindewolf OH" firstAuthor="Zilch" journalOrPublisher="Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin" page="346" pagination="201-400" refId="B124" refString="Zilch A (1959) Gastropoda, Euthyneura. In: Schindewolf OH (Ed.) Handbuch der Paläozoologie, Band 6, Gastropoda. Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin, 201400." title="Gastropoda, Euthyneura." volumeTitle="Handbuch der Paläozoologie, Band 6, Gastropoda." year="1959">Zilch 1959: 346</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="432FEB377ABE272BC2D85A7604C1844B" author="Schileyko AA" page="534" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="1D6E4DBEF3075AC11275F74CFB2E12B1" author="Schileyko AA" firstAuthor="Schileyko" page="534" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko 1999: 534</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EJ6AG" type="type species">
<paragraph id="FB8053569067EF94A8D859FFD3BF755A">
<heading id="4ED0EE04FE690483EF924139991476D9" reason="title">Type species.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="338702D35682433FB4AA0E86F2DC518C">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="D5AFE0C02C175B1613520E0B6D2F6DC1">
<taxonomicName id="34452D7B73636F0E7C3990D0761F635D" ID-CoL="7PS9V" authority="Reeve, 1849 a" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1849" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cassiaca">
<emphasis id="E3D91A123E1F93A227B3256114C2A849" italics="true">Achatina cassiaca</emphasis>
Reeve, 1849 a
</taxonomicName>
, subsequent designation by
<treatmentCitation id="DFFE8295702E4656C2D2A908D946D7BA" author="Pilsbry HA" page="1" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="3D33C47FD1AA22C51EDC71C254C654CE" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" page="1" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry (1906: 1)</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E56AG" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="3319F6DABFBB0F570B50688CE153F27D">
<heading id="2B27AD805FFFCBD07144AB2033DBE29E" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0DB15C6BC8A67A25D9772CCBA115E5EC">Shell slender and conical in shape; spire high, turreted, and gradually attenuated; embryonic whorls cylindrically rounded, and with or without radial striations; subsequent whorls with equally spaced thick or fine radial striations. Aperture oblique and narrowly ovate; columella concave and truncated, and columellar margin simple or slightly expanded.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDABG" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="2C8EC3C0927DAB6A6183C55509DC911B">
<heading id="6A754DA3AF6806CED2038107484B931A" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8D08BC23C2035654B1E52CB6ECE8483B">
<taxonomicName id="74DCF52BE6263E551D7BDC186B219089" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bacillum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2E1C30DE8E8EE4770985BBF96E0BC757" italics="true">Bacillum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be differentiated from
<taxonomicName id="5987EA09C5EEC12FCA9C0ED47B798596" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1935" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Allopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C5F76C5EBBFBAE2D5446888F58D667BF" italics="true">Allopeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in being cylindrically rounded and with striations on the embryonic whorls, whilst the columella is concave and truncated (
<bibRefCitation id="11A582885F159487CFFFE4F3D17CDC70" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="290C4AD2EFCE54A64035B77D32EA252A" author="Schileyko" firstAuthor="Schileyko" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko 1999</bibRefCitation>
). While
<taxonomicName id="3F5DD3826381196215884B2F399B8E97" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1935" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Allopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="62C389B3D507E9F148D13170F7857EC4" italics="true">Allopeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a narrowly attenuated and smooth embryonic whorls, columella straight, and columellar margin near umbilicus expanded (Table
<tableCitation id="4A1FA5CF379D9E65859918F0438BC164" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of shell morphology among subulinid genera recorded in Myanmar. The superscript numbers are references; 1 = Pilsbry (1906), 2 = Gude (1914), 3 = Godwin-Austen (1920), 4 = Naggs (1994), 5 = Schileyko (1999), and 6 = Budha et al. (2017)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7320BC8BE0D4AF3B31AE4617F5EE0127" tableUuid="7320BC8BE0D4AF3B31AE4617F5EE0127">2</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="47FE923C526CBF9E7618EA5F0874A12E">
At present, this genus contains seven species mainly distributed in
<collectingCountry id="C4FEA386A65718A1E8F3E97B3E40F473" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
, and among these, two species are known from
<collectingCountry id="2C6DADAB3C576DF8335AA51E241589DE" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9D2670BED0192B7CBC0F935E85036F57" DOI="10.1111/j.1469-7998.1869.tb07354.x" author="Blanford" firstAuthor="Blanford" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pagination="444-450" refId="B17" refString="Blanford WT (1869) Descriptions of new land and freshwater molluscan species collected by Dr. John Anderson in Upper Burma and Yunnan. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 37 (1): 444450. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1869.tb07354.x" title="Descriptions of new land and freshwater molluscan species collected by Dr. John Anderson in Upper Burma and Yunnan." volume="37" year="1869">Blanford 1869</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="6EE9B3FD4EBAC789CFF81EC03573BA66" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="43A9152351E2E5584BE1581ABE31FD86" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="74D91FEC1AB77E6E9348527FE56C61D9" author="Ramakrishna" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ramakrishna" refId="B91" refString="Ramakrishna, Mitra SC, Dey A (2010) Annotated checklist of Indian land molluscs. Occasional paper no. 306. Zoological Survey of India, 359 pp." year="2010">Ramakrishna et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="E985E34DF85FCD1C6ED2876C37C48898" DOI="10.14284/448" author="MolluscaBase" firstAuthor="MolluscaBase" refId="B61" refString="MolluscaBase eds (2023) MolluscaBase. https://www.molluscabase.org [in 202307 17] https://doi.org/10.14284/448" url="https://www.molluscabase.org" year="2023">MolluscaBase 2023</bibRefCitation>
). All
<taxonomicName id="D04D64C609870BB0938B4A7BE14381E1">
<emphasis id="19649F1F61BAFC91939291481F35E14C" italics="true">Bacillum</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
are known only from shell morphology, and none of the reproductive anatomy has been published so far.
<bibRefCitation id="43E582A3D26A7CAC37433363CC64ED53" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen (1920)</bibRefCitation>
stated, … extended knowledge of the animals of
<taxonomicName id="DECD7A42923452F9E8DC552EC903326B" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bacillum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9435531C009A571B5E833992706C6779" italics="true">Bacillum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="03F195DE60D215F54976F3494A71EC50" authorityName="von Martens" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5C6C3C4169A7F5FA3A5BE45CABEACC99" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shows that the two genera come next each other … , which suggests Godwin-Austen had dissected
<taxonomicName id="C7DB117DE21C0FF13864DEDEF7F91BBC" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bacillum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F1F46FC482B52F885350973BDEDFF487" italics="true">Bacillum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but his findings were never published.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,231 @@
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<emphasis id="658058FAE8D5C2DB7CAB3603EEDFD628" italics="true">Opeas</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="3EDD5A2CCFFB11D45F8F6B40EE06F0AF" italics="true">Bulimus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="7790455E4DE78FEA273BD9529361AFDF" italics="true">Opeas</emphasis>
)
<comment id="9A38E195A86778B952A77D81C11C6FB2">
<bibRefCitation id="9565F1C02767F586191D6ED33A2460B2" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11507" author="Albers JC" journalOrPublisher="Enslin, Berlin" refId="B2" refString="Albers JC (1850) Die Heliceen nach naturlicher Verwandtschaft systematisch geordnet. Enslin, Berlin, 262 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11507" title="Die Heliceen nach natürlicher Verwandtschaft systematisch geordnet." year="1850">Albers, 1850: 175</bibRefCitation>
, 176.
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<paragraph id="1960A74257DADFECA014150EFD30CAE9">
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<taxonomicName id="6981C41D64CC9A99C9A2C42A1F71E336" authorityName="Albers" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Opeas">
<emphasis id="233FB8654415DCE60693CEAB223ADFBD" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="BC73A38C2FFC5704B0B12FCBD5EA9B01" italics="true">Opeas</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="DFD15699A5EE9D6E2B5BEA83F8B1D9E2">
<treatmentCitation id="3CE0D921A564D866F13F58D29FC361AF" author="von Martens E" page="265" year="1860">
<bibRefCitation id="0B1D233DC64328A403796583C1DD0C7E" author="von Martens E" firstAuthor="von Martens" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" page="265" pagination="6-18" refId="B114" refString="von Martens E (1860) On the Mollusca of Siam. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 28: 618. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12866504" title="On the Mollusca of Siam." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12866504" volume="28" year="1860">von Martens 1860: 265</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 266.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B1DBCF83187CDBD4DD427532F00C4C28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B536C0763CE8E26A3A0F36BC2234CFAC">
<taxonomicName id="75266C6DFC90EF9313CC005F1DA5DB60" ID-CoL="7PB9P" authorityName="Albers" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Opeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DD70DA8B104C8AB6ADF74BBC5DF84514" italics="true">Opeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="C79A383AB1ECD6518ACA4EC0A3CE0DD6">
<treatmentCitation id="C78426D0858B4FAB6FE1452DDF8A1737" author="Fischer P &amp; Crosse H" page="592" year="1877">
<bibRefCitation id="629C476BE24D6474A6C96AD9B48BEB81" author="Fischer P &amp; Crosse H" firstAuthor="Fischer" journalOrPublisher="Recherches Zoologiques, Partie 7, Volume 1" page="592" refId="B33" refString="Fischer P, Crosse H (1877) Études sur les mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles du Mexique et du Guatemala. Mission scientifique au Mexique et dans ľAmerique Centrale. Recherches Zoologiques, Partie 7, Volume 1, 702 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/216870" title="Études sur les mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles du Mexique et du Guatemala. Mission scientifique au Mexique et dans ľAmerique Centrale." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/216870" year="1877">Fischer and Crosse 1877: 592</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="22F787152213CF7B9387D704CEC05A69" author="Pilsbry HA" page="122" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="9BB9A425597FAFC3DAD65D302DEFB71F" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" page="122" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906: 122</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="000E83BAEF0916BB3297AE26F953AC9E" author="Gude GK" page="354" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="FA60D288D3AECF74A268C84FA14C5516" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="354" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 354</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="9E79E93B216C4329EBDC9EF640A6B706" author="Zilch A" page="351" year="1959">
<bibRefCitation id="DC58BB29293EC3882DF2049CEF6F5580" author="Zilch A" editor="Schindewolf OH" firstAuthor="Zilch" journalOrPublisher="Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin" page="351" pagination="201-400" refId="B124" refString="Zilch A (1959) Gastropoda, Euthyneura. In: Schindewolf OH (Ed.) Handbuch der Paläozoologie, Band 6, Gastropoda. Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin, 201400." title="Gastropoda, Euthyneura." volumeTitle="Handbuch der Paläozoologie, Band 6, Gastropoda." year="1959">Zilch 1959: 351</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 352.
<treatmentCitation id="4E95A12DDCDB71B2F2A11EEC54EBEB34" author="van Benthem Jutting WSS" page="378" year="1952">
<bibRefCitation id="CFFCC20D83E66DF0A9331BC1A31EC114" author="van Benthem Jutting WSS" firstAuthor="van Benthem Jutting" journalOrPublisher="Treubia" page="378" pagination="291-435" refId="B110" refString="van Benthem Jutting WSS (1952) Systematic studies on the non-marine Mollusca of the Ind-Australian archipelago. Treubia 21: 291435." title="Systematic studies on the non-marine Mollusca of the Ind-Australian archipelago." volume="21" year="1952">van Benthem Jutting 1952: 378</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="5EE35B4F5497A76BFC3034E124AF4F40" author="Schileyko AA" page="492" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="F962BB8E48F370E25C7E97EE9D0AAE0C" author="Schileyko AA" firstAuthor="Schileyko" page="492" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko 1999: 492</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E5LBK" type="type species">
<paragraph id="92D2DF0C7CC8272850E2321ECE437878">
<heading id="69670144692C49FF05AC72B2894F6920" reason="title">Type species.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2B28A317779877CFDA590940D3B1E538">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AD9B906021EEC0AE77D9AF99CD3FD55C">
<taxonomicName id="CAC8038E4B435185737555E2C877EC31" authority="Miller, 1822" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1822" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="goodallii">
<emphasis id="A4AEA2EAAB39EFF77642E0B267EF58AF" italics="true">Helix goodallii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DB3C03E66F2C34F2E254DE4772AE76E9" author="Miller JS" issue="5" journalOrPublisher="Annals of Philosophy, New Series" pagination="376-381" refId="B60" refString="Miller JS (1822) A list of the freshwater and landshells occurring in the environment of Bristol, with observations. Annals of Philosophy, New Series 3 (5): 376 - 381. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 2498134" title="A list of the freshwater and landshells occurring in the environment of Bristol, with observations." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2498134" volume="3" year="1822">Miller, 1822</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
[junior homonym of
<bibRefCitation id="2BE5C4A147572F74BB344B2F81986979" author="Férussac AE dAudebard de baron de" firstAuthor="Ferussac" refId="B32" refString="Férussac AE dAudebard de baron de (1821) [18211822] Tableaux systématiques des animaux mollusques suivis ďun Prodrome général pour tous les mollusques ou fluviatiles, vivantes ou fossiles, 114 pp. [pp 1114 (1821); pp i xlvii (1822)] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/10558" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/10558" year="1821">Férussac (1821)</bibRefCitation>
] accepted as
<taxonomicName id="D2BC1C87BA1FA4118721A5FD93057A61" authority="(Rang, 1831)" baseAuthorityName="Rang" baseAuthorityYear="1831" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Opeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hannense">
<emphasis id="C54196F74E2807C8D3393584C1838510" italics="true">Opeas hannense</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C3B992FAF3E3BCFF9C0D36E725CAB997" author="Rang S" issue="93" journalOrPublisher="Annales des Sciences Naturelles" pagination="5-63" refId="B92" refString="Rang S (1831) Description des coquilles terrestres recueillies pendant un voyage a la cote occidentale dAfrique, et au Bresil. Annales des Sciences Naturelles 24 (93): 5 - 63." title="Description des coquilles terrestres recueillies pendant un voyage à la côte occidentale ďAfrique, et au Brésil." volume="24" year="1831">Rang, 1831</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, subsequent designation by von Martens in
<treatmentCitation id="74999B7C999ACF5D727A5CD0B4E9729F" author="Albers JC" page="265" year="1860">
<bibRefCitation id="980800F6A4AFD89EED3276F9C4FC3AFF" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11218" author="Albers JC" firstAuthor="Albers" journalOrPublisher="Wilhelm Englemann, Leipzig" page="265" refId="B3" refString="Albers JC (1860) Die Heliceen nach Natürlicher Verwandtschaft Systematisch Geordnet, 2 nd edn. (manuscript edited by E. von Martens). Wilhelm Englemann, Leipzig, 359 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11218" title="Die Heliceen nach Natürlicher Verwandtschaft Systematisch Geordnet, 2 nd edn. (manuscript edited by E. von Martens)." year="1860">Albers (1860: 265)</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ECNBK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="A426BD0924889FEEAECD73D49F1BDBBE">
<heading id="A7FC2F0EE592AE64B8B704B0DB7FA4E7" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EECD52BB308AFD2FD6B544B4C69B1C69">Shell small, slender, and conical; spire high, turreted, cylindrically, and gradually attenuated; embryonic whorls smooth; subsequent whorls with fine radial striations or growth lines. Aperture vertical, narrow, oblong, columellar margin expanded, and columella straight or concave. Umbilicus narrowly opened or closed. Penis cylindrical tube with short epiphallus, and flagellum and penial sheath absent; vagina long ~ 1 / 2 of penis length.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EHNBK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="40B9F50FFCE780C3AA9DC2353464C407">
<heading id="08F3D3EB6AADC9C3B6E9B803ADB4BFAD" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DCEA939D3EDB3BFDCE511BF7CF93BDAC">
<taxonomicName id="A370F1F7EF740769AA89B2151CE547B9" authorityName="Albers" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Opeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D98DC52C1DBFE5C31BAF8023161967A3" italics="true">Opeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4EFF699A8E06D210D8CB8A0CAED9167F" authority="Pilsbry, 1906" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1906" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Tortaxis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5E0FFE59461570499B3564F2A5945B48" italics="true">Tortaxis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0167EC8983DEAFC9E3F7D91DD405DF76" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [1906 - 1907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1 - 357. [pls 1 - 51] [pp 1 - 272, pls 1 - 34 (1906); pp 273 - 357, pls 35 - 51 (1907)] https: // doi. org / 10.1175 / 1520 - 0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
generally resemble one another in having slender conical or cylindrical shells, nearly smooth to fine striations, and flatly convex whorls (Table
<tableCitation id="9C55F1D0693001A01E91D48E6DE2DD56" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of shell morphology among subulinid genera recorded in Myanmar. The superscript numbers are references; 1 = Pilsbry (1906), 2 = Gude (1914), 3 = Godwin-Austen (1920), 4 = Naggs (1994), 5 = Schileyko (1999), and 6 = Budha et al. (2017)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7320BC8BE0D4AF3B31AE4617F5EE0127" tableUuid="7320BC8BE0D4AF3B31AE4617F5EE0127">2</tableCitation>
). However,
<taxonomicName id="03EB1BA74279A1099BA119E20D5EE601" authorityName="Albers" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Opeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BB8207DBDEFD81A81190062B05AAF76" italics="true">Opeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a smaller size, straight columella, and mostly oblong aperture, whereas
<taxonomicName id="33D2A2E18246B5099DC16FD8951A6053" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1906" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Tortaxis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8034E04AB015F149D6A9055086FF24D4" italics="true">Tortaxis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
displays mostly larger size, nearly straight or slightly concave columella with a spiral fold, and more or less obliqued aperture. Likewise,
<taxonomicName id="F9D72B820CDADA6E62B638CCC3C4977D" authorityName="Albers" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Opeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DE556D1C24F957FD3BC70CC1F9073E69" italics="true">Opeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinctly differentiated from
<taxonomicName id="B56AF2F65EDF317ED243A63EC4552363" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bacillum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5DB033102AD6682164851C4B4F0911D8" italics="true">Bacillum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in that it is smaller in size, has a straight columella, fine shell sculptures and embryonic whorls which are narrowly rounded. In contrast,
<taxonomicName id="F48F63953085ABDD7AE721A3C4D83725" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bacillum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0C3063CB45CFDDF9B089E41160175D0B" italics="true">Bacillum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
exhibits a larger shell size, truncated and concave columella, stronger shell sculptures, and the embryonic whorls cylindrically rounded.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B878A0BBF370994CFA408ED6C954EE42">
This genus is distributed in tropical and subtropical regions in Europe, Asia, Africa, and North America, and comprises nearly 200 species (
<bibRefCitation id="B742EC0095E1AF4727D4AB9189DE687D" author="Schileyko" firstAuthor="Schileyko" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko 1999</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="99417EA6BA55A7FFF6FF8FAFA35B751D" DOI="10.14284/448" author="MolluscaBase" firstAuthor="MolluscaBase" refId="B61" refString="MolluscaBase eds (2023) MolluscaBase. https://www.molluscabase.org [in 202307 17] https://doi.org/10.14284/448" url="https://www.molluscabase.org" year="2023">MolluscaBase 2023</bibRefCitation>
). In
<collectingCountry id="941CFAD7848D9C435D32BB50886B88E9" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, two species are recorded (
<bibRefCitation id="11B5D8124C750DBB892AFF9AC3A013D9" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,229 @@
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<treatment id="55233A1492DE5378A4A96E54388C321F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13137144" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13137144" ID-arpha="55233A14-92DE-5378-A4A9-6E54388C321F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:55233A1492DE5378A4A96E54388C321F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/55233A1492DE5378A4A96E54388C321F">
<subSubSection id="C1C8E9FC2C28DE8DF9EF12951853A4D5" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="4D6F01B749C0FBBDDA69ECE82AFAA002">
<heading id="B5EE35767F097DFC23E7B0603C50656F" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="A48AF402BA1B74013F4AA95E9F137EC7" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1920" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8EA1043E2CBA8F9F2B3DEF80230E4110" italics="true">Rishetia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="78C9450700E958D94392D71E2230A147" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3F00382C887EFB45BCC14E1F795FEB8B" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="42E59802D92E59A69F6BA587C146F715">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="058CCABD8415EB34648B7CED2104A06D">
<treatmentCitation id="A415F01256544125A3AC5E656F7519F6" author="Godwin-Austen HH" page="7" year="1920">
<taxonomicName id="63B5F62378C3C5995ACAF465B49F56E5" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1920: 7" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityPageNumber="7" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Rishetia">
<emphasis id="673C7C11A33F9F36C2DE7DBB33C878E9" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B526D6CD9AB6859055778773D1E1919B" italics="true">Rishetia</emphasis>
)
<comment id="287B84CB5ADCD9133B4B48A716D83E6B">
<bibRefCitation id="AFEFD20BB8ABC5216A0856C428B52974" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920: 7</bibRefCitation>
.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9B9CFB2DC742E35DBBB0AA058D1B84F2">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A1AF3209B27757104A936F14D90C5AE8">
<taxonomicName id="7A1B1269C63EC4A3D853CCD9C0AFA774" ID-CoL="7PFV2" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="11C8701715AB9AB96CDA4E097407FBA2" italics="true">Rishetia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="0E7C50AF92220AEAE3ED4B2FC181EB61">
<treatmentCitation id="EFA09890C4A3E6F5EF9FB5A0C358A51A" author="Schileyko AA" page="532" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="A1806A8D23A3925CB036EB3A54A88BF7" author="Schileyko AA" firstAuthor="Schileyko" page="532" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko 1999: 532</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="33BE487FF3885956ECEA639BDEB89976" author="Raheem DC &amp; Taylor H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Preece RC &amp; Aravind NA &amp; Naggs F" page="138" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="DE508F7CD8F35DCEE1E705D3B662C0B9" author="Raheem DC &amp; Taylor H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Preece RC &amp; Aravind NA &amp; Naggs F" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Raheem" page="138" refId="B90" refString="Raheem DC, Taylor H, Ablett J, Preece RC, Aravind NA, Naggs F (2014) A systematic revision of the land snails of the Western Ghats of India. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 4): 1294." year="2014">Raheem et al. 2014: 138</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 139.
<treatmentCitation id="BC500E8EE9AA36CD0CEB1A34CC6E0990" author="Budha PB &amp; Naggs F &amp; Backeljau T" page="137" year="2017">
<bibRefCitation id="5565FEC8753E178231E634F2D97C32E4" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" author="Budha PB &amp; Naggs F &amp; Backeljau T" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Budha" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" page="137" pagination="129-156" refId="B24" refString="Budha PB, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2017) Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species. ZooKeys 675: 129156. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" title="Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species." volume="675" year="2017">Budha et al. 2017: 137</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="5B9F4F57D4127122C109C6F553BC8FCE" author="Preece RC &amp; White TS &amp; Raheem DC &amp; Ketchum H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Taylor H &amp; Naggs F" page="127" year="2022">
<bibRefCitation id="1480A7D664809A80BC94F0F69304F89D" author="Preece RC &amp; White TS &amp; Raheem DC &amp; Ketchum H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Taylor H &amp; Naggs F" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Preece" page="127" refId="B88" refString="Preece RC, White TS, Raheem DC, Ketchum H, Ablett J, Taylor H, Naggs F (2022) William Benson and the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1434." year="2022">Preece et al. 2022: 127</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EAKDK" type="type species">
<paragraph id="5A37C515098DF4F9424CB8CE78BC45C4">
<heading id="B78552A76C5BE48DF1EFA37FC28E7FDC" reason="title">Type species.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="32F45E86103E03CA260DD5F17277A524">
<taxonomicName id="961EE65B4A32B478A15516D5B362CFE7" authority="Benson, 1836" authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tenuispira">
<emphasis id="1B22A669CA075159C3A5AD71E3137674" italics="true">Achatina tenuispira</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="40D25E76723DE6C6923C5D4FDA7FC5DE" author="Benson WH" issue="54" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="350-358" refId="B9" refString="Benson WH (1836) Descriptive catalogue of terrestrial and fluviatile Testacea, chiefly from the North-East frontier of Bengal. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 5 (54): 350 - 358. https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 37188459" title="Descriptive catalogue of terrestrial and fluviatile Testacea, chiefly from the North-East frontier of Bengal." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37188459" volume="5" year="1836">Benson, 1836</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by original designation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ERKDK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="E9344FCF7F21B95E0B2E003C6376FBD8">
<heading id="55A5F650F54FE39F106EE222C59BBA3F" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D72C8227D13CEB05916EE6836120CF33">Shell slender and conical; spire high, turreted, and regularly attenuated; embryonic whorls smooth or with striations and subsequent whorls have thick or fine and equally or irregularly spaced radial ribs. Aperture oblique, narrow to broad, and ovate shape; columella concave and truncated; columellar margin not expanded. Penis large, thick, and moderately long; epiphallus relatively long; flagellum present with tubular shape; epiphallic caecum present; vagina enlarged, short ~ 1 / 2 of penis length.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EWKDK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="8BC843104F79FDD78A0EF75B55E003BF">
<heading id="888BA6FE2CF1AF8CFDA73932D4D7DB5A" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BDF34C308184588DF0BA2A99751DFA3E">
Originally,
<bibRefCitation id="0F2B92CDBEF07AB53719960294FB631C" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen (1920)</bibRefCitation>
proposed
<taxonomicName id="5307F4D3648BD3621613927D4D83C7B0" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D31529BA2107298F7EBA6870F81DD824" italics="true">Rishetia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a subgenus of
<taxonomicName id="E1CC18DAC0E1F562D1C8B0C06D9DAF55" authorityName="von Martens" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40C040C08959829DBF420CAF7CE559FE" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which
<bibRefCitation id="0579C2EBA8A02F460F567D9009055E61" author="Schileyko AA" firstAuthor="Schileyko" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko (1999)</bibRefCitation>
raised to the generic level, followed by
<bibRefCitation id="27966DBB643646D0335F1AB39BAE0458" author="Raheem DC &amp; Taylor H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Preece RC &amp; Aravind NA &amp; Naggs F" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Raheem" refId="B90" refString="Raheem DC, Taylor H, Ablett J, Preece RC, Aravind NA, Naggs F (2014) A systematic revision of the land snails of the Western Ghats of India. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 4): 1294." year="2014">Raheem et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="9DBC9A45AE63D21CBCF50A2FCCFF1D04" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" author="Budha PB &amp; Naggs F &amp; Backeljau T" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Budha" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="129-156" refId="B24" refString="Budha PB, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2017) Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species. ZooKeys 675: 129156. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" title="Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species." volume="675" year="2017">Budha et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
, and
<bibRefCitation id="A9B82EBDE1E8AB423A3266B7D9FAD209" author="Preece RC &amp; White TS &amp; Raheem DC &amp; Ketchum H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Taylor H &amp; Naggs F" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Preece" refId="B88" refString="Preece RC, White TS, Raheem DC, Ketchum H, Ablett J, Taylor H, Naggs F (2022) William Benson and the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1434." year="2022">Preece et al. (2022)</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="10722685FE32C1C23667632D603B5F4E" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7B9DB29BE3CB1FE5FDB8C22F8E828A29" italics="true">Rishetia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="661F0D72008806132570F8222184D11C" authorityName="von Martens" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B886CC69393ACA2D65227D9A14AB22AD" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a slender elongate-conical shell with a tubular-shaped flagellum and epiphallic caecum present, while
<taxonomicName id="B2C1170419A236DB1E6CD3FC86DC676C" authorityName="von Martens" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="27472026FC823B35FAB21266821BF1F7" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
processes an ovate-conical shell with a comb-like flagellum and epiphallic caecum absent (Tables
<tableCitation id="389D81C1E61F814843803C008DDA3974" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of shell morphology among subulinid genera recorded in Myanmar. The superscript numbers are references; 1 = Pilsbry (1906), 2 = Gude (1914), 3 = Godwin-Austen (1920), 4 = Naggs (1994), 5 = Schileyko (1999), and 6 = Budha et al. (2017)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7320BC8BE0D4AF3B31AE4617F5EE0127" tableUuid="7320BC8BE0D4AF3B31AE4617F5EE0127">2</tableCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="B84C03831C934E227C4CCA96D8E2A353" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Comparison of terminal part of male genitalia between Glessula and Rishetia. References: 1 = Semper (1874); 2 = Godwin-Austen (1918); 3 = Godwin-Austen (1920); 4 = Schileyko and Kuznetsov (1996); 5 = Schileyko (1999); 6 = Budha et al. (2017). n / a = data not available (not mentioned in the description or could not differentiated from the original figure)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6D80CD8EB26F35653BCD7153072A09C9" tableUuid="6D80CD8EB26F35653BCD7153072A09C9">3</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="109390F9B2B38DEE7FE817426F822F9A">
<taxonomicName id="26ECA934A72652A0877A54CFB3BB058D" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8DAB32E85FD525812B030A8B19830DD3" italics="true">Rishetia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can generally be differentiated from
<taxonomicName id="489D3714F9F2A2B52211336FED31FC1A" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bacillum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9AECFF7142DA5836BAFA9AED7B5569C4" italics="true">Bacillum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a narrowly attenuated shell, convex and smaller apex, straight columella, and weak striations;
<taxonomicName id="F7046F89D64592EF24A134A806E66CD8" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bacillum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E9DFDE37F58BD87772DE74391D6DA72D" italics="true">Bacillum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a cylindrical shell, large and rounded apex, more concave columella, and stronger radial striations (Table
<tableCitation id="26C57E595DECECB883EC4C32FEA22525" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of shell morphology among subulinid genera recorded in Myanmar. The superscript numbers are references; 1 = Pilsbry (1906), 2 = Gude (1914), 3 = Godwin-Austen (1920), 4 = Naggs (1994), 5 = Schileyko (1999), and 6 = Budha et al. (2017)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7320BC8BE0D4AF3B31AE4617F5EE0127" tableUuid="7320BC8BE0D4AF3B31AE4617F5EE0127">2</tableCitation>
). More information on the genitalia as well as a molecular phylogeny based on multiple species will clarify the systematic relationship of these two genera.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A5D70778F988EA600BF478DFDD346AA4">
This genus has been documented in
<collectingCountry id="508C1C41F4F19092B834FCEC7BF08E6A" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="C072CBA8C0A78C445233F17C3D5CF4BE" name="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="2AD7EA4D4297E4EFECA4C1D264E42EAE" name="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="671B7FBA907AE0668560010108E6156F" name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
, with its presence in Southeast Asia limited to
<collectingCountry id="9CA198891BF45F16827E8531FF3F492D" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="601EB07B3B369A05BCA2EE3C2F2B621F" author="Godwin-Austen" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="0581F2DB89EB6E2D0B665481454E1527" author="Schileyko" firstAuthor="Schileyko" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko 1999</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="FED9E5FB14D75FC9D83BE00537C80DCF" author="Raheem" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Raheem" refId="B90" refString="Raheem DC, Taylor H, Ablett J, Preece RC, Aravind NA, Naggs F (2014) A systematic revision of the land snails of the Western Ghats of India. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 4): 1294." year="2014">Raheem et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="9367B3A9DBE2AC2575437CB6D7044D8A" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.492.9175" author="Budha" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Budha" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="1-48" refId="B23" refString="Budha PB, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2015) Annotated checklist of the terrestrial gastropods of Nepal. ZooKeys 492: 148. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.492.9175" title="Annotated checklist of the terrestrial gastropods of Nepal." volume="492" year="2015">Budha et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="615CCFA834ACE8587A37070CE08B8821" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" author="Budha" firstAuthor="Budha" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="129-156" refId="B24" refString="Budha PB, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2017) Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species. ZooKeys 675: 129156. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" title="Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species." volume="675" year="2017">2017</bibRefCitation>
). Currently, 23 species are recognised; among these, eleven species and subspecies have been documented from
<collectingCountry id="6D7E0BEB00E0974584941494341F393E" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7DD3DE1EC39CD9A0C4CB4AE909987BDC" author="Godwin-Austen" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="A378C631F338E99495C6DEEC2216E6C1" DOI="10.14284/448" author="MolluscaBase" firstAuthor="MolluscaBase" refId="B61" refString="MolluscaBase eds (2023) MolluscaBase. https://www.molluscabase.org [in 202307 17] https://doi.org/10.14284/448" url="https://www.molluscabase.org" year="2023">MolluscaBase 2023</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,371 @@
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<mods:title id="3FB063F344150D0CC0FD3235D0471F24">Contributions on a small collection of the former Subulinidae Fischer &amp; Crosse, 1877 (Eupulmonata, Achatinoidea) with catalogue of the Glessula and Rishetia species recorded from Myanmar</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2B6CA8C812FD286482B01136B91E2715">Man, Nem Sian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E5E9AB9F20127EE7A08DF91EA8C90426">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand &amp; Department of Zoology, University of Yangon, University Avenue Road, Kamayut Township 11041, Yangon, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0F269BC709B5160854D3F9504699D2B9">Ablett, Jonathan D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EE3BF4FF730E5672A6BC30F2F7B33EEF">Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="4B268CF03FA338C4D85627D66BD2138D">Fauna and Flora International, No. 35, 3 rd Floor, Shan Gone Condo, Myay Ni Gone Market Street, Sanchaung Township, Yangon, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="564D9BB69C405DD7A49E44B00E351BD9" ID-arpha="564D9BB6-9C40-5DD7-A49E-44B00E351BD9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:564D9BB69C405DD7A49E44B00E351BD9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/564D9BB69C405DD7A49E44B00E351BD9">
<subSubSection id="966987BE17C374999A9C51A8D1896E6A" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="5DF27BC736C151C4BD03765C1C5F4A0D">
<heading id="A911EADA5BE890F01A77751FD9E07A86" reason="label">11</heading>
<taxonomicName id="25AF73C34E70FA7FA6123D45F7FA04F9" authority="(Reeve, 1850)" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gemma">
<emphasis id="B3ACC5C5D39B47356E3E8D4657D88AD7" italics="true">Glessula gemma</emphasis>
(Reeve, 1850)
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<paragraph id="ADE873F79BF8CC5E1A2C8ACD1FB73153">
<figureCitation id="81BE9D3AE8CAE216B0F5788A886AB608" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A D Glessula gemma A, B specimen NHMUK 1946.10. 16.4553 from Bengal and C, D specimen CUMZ 13069 from Taunggyi, Shan State, Myanmar E, F Glessula inedita, syntypes NHMUK 1906.5. 5.88 from Shan Hills." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104505">Fig. 7 A D</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="767396179516CDEE76EB1039C6C779E5" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Shell measurements of subulinid species examined in this study. SH: shell height; SW: shell width. The localities numbers are indicated in Fig. 1." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B099E9B05D409B67DECF1570A3A8359F" tableUuid="B099E9B05D409B67DECF1570A3A8359F">Table 1</tableCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="A18C957689799CE62799CB61EC2E5F19" ID-CoL="64GZP" authority="Reeve, 1850" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gemma">
<emphasis id="6EBEBDE58F2A8C9BB76D455B8265BC1B" italics="true">Achatina gemma</emphasis>
<comment id="0212C0454E99DF02EEA2EA22A6ADD344">
Reeve, 1850: pl. 22, fig. 123 (Benson MSS). Type locality: Barrackpore, Bengal.
<treatmentCitation id="30CE4CB29A263F729CA91A0DCA2C7C86" author="Pfeiffer L" page="496" year="1853">
<bibRefCitation id="382746D211A813A02C9B5CEECBFC84EA" author="Pfeiffer L" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" page="496" refId="B76" refString="Pfeiffer L (1853) Monographia Heliceorum Viventium: sistens descriptiones systematicas et criticas omnium huius familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum. Volumen Tertium. Lipsiae: F. A. Brockhaus, 711 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47349" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47349" year="1853">Pfeiffer 1853: 496</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="D7C1766600061AA80EE63E34CE9BA8D8" author="Benson WH" page="464" year="1860">
<bibRefCitation id="00DE640EB58D3AD1ED06FAA3E8AD4A0F" DOI="10.1080/00222936008697255" author="Benson WH" firstAuthor="Benson" page="464" refId="B12" refString="Benson WH (1860) On new land-shells from Darjiling, with a series of new Indian species of Achatina. Annals &amp; Magazine of Natural History Series 3 5 (30): 460466. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222936008697255" year="1860">Benson 1860: 464</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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<paragraph id="138C1F19AF07112C954632101278DC01">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="C0DD261F96A53D022F25E639F027D163">
<taxonomicName id="BD7F1E5FBB0EE612523588AB132D5D51" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Oleacinidae" genus="Oleacina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gemma" subGenus="Electra">
<emphasis id="761B7E5CCC85CD4896E9C54AFD674A90" italics="true">Oleacina</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="D4FF834C2A8D09FDC0A7DF009CF62670" italics="true">Electra</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="6C90BBEC11EA48FC9B1F97FDF999CE52" italics="true">gemma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="7FEB23E53C8388CB676E15A5ABB26F71">
<treatmentCitation id="0204B2C527A3CCD036E7E6084D05C6A1" author="Adams H &amp; Adams A" page="105" year="1855">
<bibRefCitation id="974091CB36A8AED44D4C6E442F4F6116" author="Adams H &amp; Adams A" firstAuthor="Adams" journalOrPublisher="van Voorst, London" page="105" refId="B1" refString="Adams H, Adams A (1855) [18541858] The Genera of Recent Mollusca; Arranged According to their Organization. Volume 2. van Voorst, London, 661 pp. [pp 93284 (1855)]" title="[1854-1858] The Genera of Recent Mollusca; Arranged According to their Organization. Volume 2." year="1855">Adams and Adams 1855: 105</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="419010E6BAFDF7CD6C1189B43CCDD01E">
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<taxonomicName id="073722BD57413B446155E23D17ACC2DE" ID-CoL="64GZP" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gemma" subGenus="Electra">
<emphasis id="C2A2BF84E5B96F072F15A7027091D039" italics="true">Achatina</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B2D068BF8FACFFFA197154F957CE10CB" italics="true">Electra</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="1FD7C69BB8883AD1E95F02EC6CF3EEF6" italics="true">gemma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="0EE4CDFDD7896F352AB663716EED7F37">
<treatmentCitation id="1A98089B57F262B538A69BEEC3DA6863" author="Pfeiffer L" page="168" year="1856">
<bibRefCitation id="FEDB519654B49BFF986E4CCC859B9F60" author="Pfeiffer L" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" journalOrPublisher="Malakozoologische Blätter" page="168" pagination="112-185" refId="B77" refString="Pfeiffer L (1856) Versuch einer Anordnung der Heliceen nach natürlichen Gruppen. Malakozoologische Blätter 2: 112185. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/53876" title="Versuch einer Anordnung der Heliceen nach natürlichen Gruppen." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/53876" volume="2" year="1856">Pfeiffer 1856: 168</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="8D705D97851CC9D8170367FD8AB50649" author="Hanley SCT &amp; Theobald W (1870" page="17" year="1870">
<bibRefCitation id="0C88E67A4BE97A31FDCBD76811E6B379" author="Hanley SCT &amp; Theobald W (1870" firstAuthor="Hanley" page="17" refId="B43" refString="Hanley SCT, Theobald W (1870 (1870); pp 1928, pls 4160 (1872); pp 2934, pls 6180 (1873). pp 3548, pls 81120 (1874); pp 4956, pls 121140 (1875); pp 5765, pls 141160 (1876)] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50391" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50391" year="1870">Hanley and Theobald 1870: 17</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 36, fig. 7.
</comment>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BAAD97274E50621D4761E29B46DF3A57">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BAEF4B12038D09FCE5AFD73062DD095F">
<taxonomicName id="F77FBA19ED2CCD911E4CD8CE0B7C0C90" authorityName="Olsson &amp; McGinty" authorityYear="1958" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Cionella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gemma" subGenus="Glessula">
<emphasis id="3498702331C3814EE6C9A703E2F131DF" italics="true">Cionella</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="0EDBC5BEC4BFF6A4CFC2FD8608ECCC77" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="FB3DF5BB5CA991F7F592234E3FD5D7D7" italics="true">gemma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="3B89DEB3B4CF89E7DB8BB50346A782D9">
<treatmentCitation id="CBE9D21E9473C1CED3679619601F8B0A" author="von Martens E" page="254" year="1860">
<bibRefCitation id="E34F2CC4585335A4965C62C42CF3C817" author="von Martens E" firstAuthor="von Martens" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" page="254" pagination="6-18" refId="B114" refString="von Martens E (1860) On the Mollusca of Siam. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 28: 618. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12866504" title="On the Mollusca of Siam." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12866504" volume="28" year="1860">von Martens 1860: 254</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF8BA632E59D4F9B1FA4048425D6920B">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="70FCDFA92459449CCA02FF66A06A583A">
<taxonomicName id="AFEDD48620603C1491E793D0C0411CB5" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gemma" subGenus="Glessula">
<emphasis id="EB2D1AA9473D01D0AB584686BFDF29B4" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="316E04A2210AC06CBF0E553B81F5A556" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="D222324272256FEF0CC97FA5AB1E56BF" italics="true">gemma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="AF6064EE117D8F9BADC6E0A6D98ECC82">
<treatmentCitation id="1FD234904BF48E3239F54AA4AB63F2E0" author="Nevill G" page="170" year="1878">
<bibRefCitation id="3D71B5876444653E368E693101F7E234" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11957" author="Nevill G" firstAuthor="Nevill" journalOrPublisher="Indian Museum, Calcutta" page="170" refId="B69" refString="Nevill G (1878) Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda. Indian Museum, Calcutta, 338 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11957" title="Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda." year="1878">Nevill 1878: 170</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D42D9C53B929F3142395D8F006F3730">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="9661B7663297FDC7D0EBC5EF23EC3D29">
<taxonomicName id="36529D4BB141BD458E4A568CB3227E00" ID-CoL="6KHNT" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gemma">
<emphasis id="866FDCF0FCAE2AB1BE206D6BBC59276D" italics="true">Glessula gemma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="09E8F4B894B652A63E22469FAD70F481">
<treatmentCitation id="53EB41CF2F830B5C3B6F53C43AAB6963" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" page="331" year="1881">
<bibRefCitation id="15E803B54143E0EEF550B4E6A0A2774C" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" journalOrPublisher="Kassel, Fischer" page="331" refId="B82" refString="Pfeiffer L, Clessin S (1881) Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali. Kassel, Fischer, 617 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" title="Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" year="1881">Pfeiffer and Clessin 1881: 331</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="633DAD5322C748D38462E352F8A4F3B0" author="Beddome CR" page="169" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="FBE71B8755CE5F25D1C28EAB036EBB57" DOI="10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" author="Beddome CR" firstAuthor="Beddome" page="169" refId="B8" refString="Beddome CR (1906) Notes on Indian and Ceylonese species of Glessula. The Journal of Molluscan Studies 6 (3): 160172. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" year="1906">Beddome 1906: 169</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. Pilsbry 1909: 97, pl. 13, figs 1, 3.
<treatmentCitation id="4EEB9A9AFA80F9F0AFC15A69DEE5140B" author="Gude GK" page="428" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="901DDFB0429553E302912541A1FCAF5B" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="428" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 428</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="7A9CD17C26C9D374DD8CB7425BA6AC34" author="Godwin-Austen HH" page="22" year="1920">
<bibRefCitation id="66475B05C6EE24E8161475A597CA71A6" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="22" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920: 22</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="7F023607AC8ECFD228B5B4BC5C68058C" author="Raheem DC &amp; Taylor H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Preece RC &amp; Aravind NA &amp; Naggs F" page="124" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="C8D440411D9FDAD4EAD34BE78864AE19" author="Raheem DC &amp; Taylor H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Preece RC &amp; Aravind NA &amp; Naggs F" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Raheem" page="124" refId="B90" refString="Raheem DC, Taylor H, Ablett J, Preece RC, Aravind NA, Naggs F (2014) A systematic revision of the land snails of the Western Ghats of India. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 4): 1294." year="2014">Raheem et al. 2014: 124</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 78 b, 79 c, d.
<treatmentCitation id="B61A7CA499C15D3A8CDDE04CF5DB5B18" author="Preece RC &amp; White TS &amp; Raheem DC &amp; Ketchum H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Taylor H &amp; Naggs F" page="235" year="2022">
<bibRefCitation id="589CCCB77248917858112A093FE0A5B5" author="Preece RC &amp; White TS &amp; Raheem DC &amp; Ketchum H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Taylor H &amp; Naggs F" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Preece" page="235" refId="B88" refString="Preece RC, White TS, Raheem DC, Ketchum H, Ablett J, Taylor H, Naggs F (2022) William Benson and the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1434." year="2022">Preece et al. 2022: 235</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 236.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZDDI" type="Type specimen">
<paragraph id="CEE3C117CDF9E148542265842FF9B589">
<heading id="5B466B812A0F4E44D38AE3F1297FFB82" reason="title">Type specimen.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2B7E0280BC00CB86D085479CD6897C32">
The type specimen could not be located in the
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0E6DDI" xlink_title="University Museum of Zoology Cambridge, Cambridge">
<collectionCode id="F662CC18F970CC10F21926DC502BE6D8">UMZC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
nor in the
<named-content id="1580D0C68119417AF89E8F8C841CA01B" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="8D29A0692D8F814D5741F44122EAC42D" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
collections (
<bibRefCitation id="48FEAC655C10B2EE248D1D3B2EFBCE39" author="Raheem" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Raheem" refId="B90" refString="Raheem DC, Taylor H, Ablett J, Preece RC, Aravind NA, Naggs F (2014) A systematic revision of the land snails of the Western Ghats of India. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 4): 1294." year="2014">Raheem et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="95B93ADEEAFCF1F7BA44F3FED2392D94" author="Preece" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Preece" refId="B88" refString="Preece RC, White TS, Raheem DC, Ketchum H, Ablett J, Taylor H, Naggs F (2022) William Benson and the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1434." year="2022">Preece et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EREDI" type="material">
<paragraph id="2A1C6285DC75A0AC15CC603ACC470CAD">
<heading id="95DD0768E26480358CA8DAB88E4FA9FF" reason="title">Other material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="65C67059F70ABEEEDD29853E36DCE533">
<named-content id="2C459FF4E318C3B7EA3E6C878AB76EED" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="77A691AC23CC1B298054ABD12B1E97B9" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1946.10. 16.4553 (9 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="AB1095D4C41A147E52D43CBC62FC0C78" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A D Glessula gemma A, B specimen NHMUK 1946.10. 16.4553 from Bengal and C, D specimen CUMZ 13069 from Taunggyi, Shan State, Myanmar E, F Glessula inedita, syntypes NHMUK 1906.5. 5.88 from Shan Hills." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104505">7 A, B</figureCitation>
) ex. Benson collection from Bengal. Montawa Cave, Taunggyi City, Taunggyi District,
<collectingRegion id="175ED8DD1DB0EA4CF95F522FF39A69B4" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="34E2A36D5EF223B3FD69E4CB297C4D02" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
. (
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EDFDI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[97.017611,20.754417]}">
<geoCoordinate id="761E24E717DAFDF44376EC916D5A1C63" degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="15.9" value="20.754417">20 ° 45 ' 15.9 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2CB8FEF7E8D5499C2E56A7089284203B" degrees="97" direction="east" minutes="1" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="3.4" value="97.01762">97 ° 1 ' 3.4 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
):
<named-content id="58BE05704557CEA0EDA55A0017FA9848" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">
<collectionCode id="6200F6222288414DE6A1AF3C94D7A704" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/da58-p0xp" name="Cameroon University, Museum of Zoology" type="">CUMZ</collectionCode>
</named-content>
13069 (5 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="85A02AC11FFB81113592921E4A2F2C1E" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A D Glessula gemma A, B specimen NHMUK 1946.10. 16.4553 from Bengal and C, D specimen CUMZ 13069 from Taunggyi, Shan State, Myanmar E, F Glessula inedita, syntypes NHMUK 1906.5. 5.88 from Shan Hills." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104505">7 C, D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="7D8D1299BE852775107A8EB2C8498F75" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure7" ID-arpha="6F4964A4-4EB8-52AF-9BF9-90AB6945B0AC" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104505" startId="F7">
<paragraph id="1F28EA9AC113AEC9261B0A3BACDA519F">
<label id="36F6BD4CA43EF91011E8E301E237212F">Figure 7.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B27E8041BE0D3D50C948361F9EF03EDE">
<emphasis id="834E1398CA1BD6DB627FAB435E676533" bold="true">A D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C724BA9A1546B3334790E8714EFC6487" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gemma">
<emphasis id="F94DAD59EB95D3E2B008F60C58CEBAD1" italics="true">Glessula gemma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="63650B61DD2DF3B91855BAB3DF305834" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
specimen
<named-content id="E2FBD10479F55030BEF2C192EAEEA5D1" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1946.10. 16.4553 from Bengal and
<emphasis id="08BD79821B74631AAC5D58829B6B3B10" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
specimen
<named-content id="57EE721F5DF1C3E7F91B20372E5DDFF9" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">CUMZ</named-content>
13069 from Taunggyi, Shan State, Myanmar
<emphasis id="C3706F0AA65871E5F9A5BD1E02D953C5" bold="true">E, F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="AF23F2C7154C654B8B586D44976A75AA" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="inedita">
<emphasis id="CF3E641E98E2F3A7E1A4A737A2C470CB" italics="true">Glessula inedita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, syntypes
<named-content id="774FBEA8DEAB279E6425A05FEAC8FF6E" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1906.5. 5.88 from Shan Hills.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ELHDI" type="description">
<paragraph id="5829EE2ECE6A1D2B25315361AF37491B">
<heading id="9CDE71FDEE89DC09706613C7D5927285" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="54193AEAE2F86518B1C900F2546E439E">Shell elongate ovate, solid, purple-black or yellowish colour, and with 6 ½ 7 whorls. Apex blunt; protoconch ~ 2 whorls with smooth surface; subsequent whorls with smooth and glossy to weakly radial ribs. Spire grows evenly, is high and obtuse; whorls flatly convex; suture wide and shallow; last two whorls almost equal and largest. Aperture obliquely ovate; peristome moderately thickened and white; columella short, concave, and truncated. Umbilicus closed.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQHDI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="FAFF3FE9C2097B785921DA43B547A52A">
<heading id="51F76045A0369307CF3DE0B59BB7CE18" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="92149AD519B5A095A33F9FD1AC42EAB9">
<taxonomicName id="C694F19A23F78835C11DF6D6FF7FEE41" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gemma">
<emphasis id="3F35FB8CA29210B2464B1E21922027B4" italics="true">Glessula gemma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was originally described from
<collectingCountry id="1876DCC9B5508B0C4E79DFA506BDA0E2" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
and then its range extended to
<collectingCountry id="42D9D33E24EB185865B511FAAAB16ACF" name="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="73608912760023765E99CC2416AF9362" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="6E6EB90111B41648D7417D20B1D98F43" author="Godwin-Austen" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="F1602229AAA7740F67E636B9D3C19516" author="Raheem" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Raheem" refId="B90" refString="Raheem DC, Taylor H, Ablett J, Preece RC, Aravind NA, Naggs F (2014) A systematic revision of the land snails of the Western Ghats of India. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 4): 1294." year="2014">Raheem et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
). In
<collectingCountry id="002D40D930C30263FF500FBE94E5E031" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, this species has been recorded from the
<collectingRegion id="D4342B62F9A2A2128DE9FCB5DAFCA8DA" country="Myanmar" name="Rakhine">Rakhine State</collectingRegion>
and now in the
<collectingRegion id="215B23A0223A76F19F0DA68F6AFE08BA" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENIDI" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="BDA3D9DF305FB50B85FAD5022637993F">
<heading id="50B4A1B093917C84C004797945934678" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8593B3DAA96EC41AE0DBEDF53803B19F">
The historical specimens
<named-content id="B5C6974184479FFE0A6DC54FBE20A9D5" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="D7A750872FB0D5FF8A828CF3357F1168" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1946.10. 16.45
<specimenCount id="FFBB295977A8F12C257985D6DA0735D8" count="53" type="generic">53 ex.</specimenCount>
Benson collection from Bengal is illustrated herein as an example.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A9012BA6A97E69587435695AB333A731">
Our specimens match well with the authenticated Reeve specimen of this species, although it is far from the type locality and previously reported region in the
<collectingRegion id="2E4956AB5109A49C681654C7E18701AB" country="Myanmar" name="Rakhine">Rakhine State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="DF30D813A04520C5055818B2DBA8DF56" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
. Among all the
<taxonomicName id="1B4E4BCDCA700ED14FCF91EEBE5A1293">
<emphasis id="36710655111FB23441944C363797423C" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="CE7F51434335C967D92A323AE15DC80E" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
,
<taxonomicName id="59953EEBC8FB1E91DA8055824181C303" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gemma">
<emphasis id="12333008B1C65C93666502E804339CC6" italics="true">G. gemma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is superficially similar to
<taxonomicName id="7EE5E3B661D8EAD4CB0415A40D939D10" authorityName="von Mollendorff" authorityYear="1899" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="latestriata">
<emphasis id="7DD38B6FCA8AD23FCC9A339B65449500" italics="true">G. latestriata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingRegion id="C018052B2BE0E6E7033D061F28397A7A" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
. In comparison,
<taxonomicName id="9FB8655DB1B900BC8B4966C893E03694" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gemma">
<emphasis id="2EBE0935E797488CA4CD0EB5BF5082BE" italics="true">G. gemma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has smooth shell surfaces, less turreted spire, and a shallow suture, while
<taxonomicName id="227D94CE4240139A9412FEB624053F32" authorityName="von Mollendorff" authorityYear="1899" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="latestriata">
<emphasis id="D1AC18215E30094102BC1F021EE7C834" italics="true">G. latestriata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses well-developed grooves, a turreted and more attenuated spire, and a deeper suture.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -1,70 +1,70 @@
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<treatment id="59E60213F64051FFB4455D97969F7680" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13137118" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13137118" ID-arpha="59E60213-F640-51FF-B445-5D97969F7680" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/01347449-D63E-469B-826C-BEE5D0D56B8E" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:01347449-D63E-469B-826C-BEE5D0D56B8E" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:01347449-D63E-469B-826C-BEE5D0D56B8E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/59E60213F64051FFB4455D97969F7680">
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@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ Man &amp; Panha
<heading id="F03071B8314FF29FEBCBDA69C662FDCB" reason="title">Type specimens.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D92D56B4A19256A08CCB79B8B2FDBB1F">
<materialsCitation id="A31021BCAFCB9AF092BB0A53AB7EE06B" collectionCode="CUMZ, NHMUK" specimenCode="CUMZ 13072, CUMZ 13073, NHMUK 20230922" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<materialsCitation id="2C6E47CA5824E7829C6DA5FCD7FF59B7" collectionCode="CUMZ, NHMUK" specimenCode="CUMZ 13072" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="CA82F3C1ACBB4C86902CCA148BE01B7A" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="16E9B55E9BC539C5F839D85A09D76402" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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@ -107,7 +107,10 @@ Man &amp; Panha
<quantity id="FF1D2B1EF325A3A91780B5A3A3D69C87" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1" unit="mm" value="7.1">7.1 mm</quantity>
; Fig.
<figureCitation id="5FC8C1490A68B0F47A8DC3F987F03532" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. A D Glessula latestriata A lectotype SMF 145919 from Kalow, Shan States B paralectotypes NHMUK 1926.2. 3.1920 from Kalow, Shan States C specimen CUMZ 13070 from Thale Cumon Temple, Kalaw, Shan State, Myanmar and D specimen CUMZ 13071 from Ywangan Village, Kalaw, Shan State, Myanmar E, F Glessula mandalayensis sp. nov. E holotype CUMZ 13072 from Pyinyaung Village, Mandalay Region, Myanmar and F paratypes CUMZ 13073 from the type locality. Photograph: Gojšina &amp; Páll-Gergely (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104506">8 E</figureCitation>
),
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,
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@ -117,7 +120,10 @@ Man &amp; Panha
</specimenCode>
(29 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="E5A8390B06AA87825B5E7E5563DC6AE8" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. A D Glessula latestriata A lectotype SMF 145919 from Kalow, Shan States B paralectotypes NHMUK 1926.2. 3.1920 from Kalow, Shan States C specimen CUMZ 13070 from Thale Cumon Temple, Kalaw, Shan State, Myanmar and D specimen CUMZ 13071 from Ywangan Village, Kalaw, Shan State, Myanmar E, F Glessula mandalayensis sp. nov. E holotype CUMZ 13072 from Pyinyaung Village, Mandalay Region, Myanmar and F paratypes CUMZ 13073 from the type locality. Photograph: Gojšina &amp; Páll-Gergely (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104506">8 F</figureCitation>
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@ -153,9 +159,7 @@ The specific name
<taxonomicName id="D21A8DACB48DAD73CF0A9B0E05AC4DA8" authorityName="Man &amp; Ablett &amp; Lwin &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mandalayensis">
<emphasis id="865A1B58501AA1095C8677D7FA20369E" italics="true">mandalayensis</emphasis>
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is the name of region, where the
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specimens of this species were collected.
is the name of region, where the type specimens of this species were collected.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EC2DI" type="diagnosis">
@ -231,11 +235,7 @@ Each row contains ~ 70 + teeth with half-row formula: central-lateral-marginal t
<paragraph id="8F513C696996FABFDC02CD8D7416E578">
<heading id="87A7E8B764CD800DAEBDD2866E4160A0" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="77071E1526285555C20F2D3DE226F605">
This new species is known only from the
<typeStatus id="BC78C1DFCD717FFB1D036FC75152B65E">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="77071E1526285555C20F2D3DE226F605">This new species is known only from the type locality.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EE5DI" type="Differential diagnosis">
<paragraph id="5E46B986FC9529D82B2FA56B8DB7A101">

View file

@ -0,0 +1,348 @@
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<mods:namePart id="3B4EF5C8FD6786383631A35252BE5E2F">Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5C1B9E914DA95A54A85FCA06496B7CA9">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand &amp; Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="F5C84EBDEE135B31FF13AF78017B5D81">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="403EAB0C8FE7A98700368DB4F2B5B915">2024-07-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="4A8BFD33F5FA79B23C434C764C70846E">1208</mods:number>
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<treatment id="5A6DC5FB57D551CC951CEB888DF23E29" ID-arpha="5A6DC5FB-57D5-51CC-951C-EB888DF23E29" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5A6DC5FB57D551CC951CEB888DF23E29" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5A6DC5FB57D551CC951CEB888DF23E29">
<subSubSection id="8652163F042D532D52F1C52B7B850CB7" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="26310064802651D610177BFD2488760C">
<heading id="9B558A9D839520A5268A0C0EA97599FB" reason="label">26</heading>
<taxonomicName id="D31DA0A77C8050FA62334FB420E6995C" authority="(Benson, 1863)" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="walkeri">
<emphasis id="F8624654C9C9546274E67C8BB4828AF3" italics="true">Paropeas walkeri</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C82B2242E85CBC61844C15F4F11B1320" DOI="10.1080/00222936308681435" author="Benson WH" refId="B13" refString="Benson WH (1863) Characters of new land-shells from the Andaman Islands, Burmah, and Ceylon, and of the animal of Sophina. Annals &amp; Magazine of Natural History Series 3 11 (65): 318 - 323. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222936308681435" year="1863">Benson, 1863</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="262593BAF79EC361C812D3AEFA0F2DBA" type="description">
<paragraph id="B1CE7CD5923031A08AC6FC1AE9F3F02C">
<figureCitation id="530751773BEF10F9EE2274F1A6473719" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. A C Opeas filiforme A lectotype SMF 227532 from Gulf von Siam: Samui-Inseln B, C specimen CUMZ 13074 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar D Paropeas swettenhami, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38930 from Malacca E Paropeas tchehelense, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38932 from Pérak, Mont Tchéhèl F Paropeas terebralis, syntype NHMUK 1888.12. 4.1081 from Shan States, Burma G, H Paropeas turricula G syntypes NHMUK 1859.8. 1.10 from Siam and H specimen CUMZ 13076 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar I L Paropeas walkeri I syntypes UMZC I. 103115. A from Andaman Island (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 56 e) J specimen NHMUK 1885.2. 18.1318 from Viper Id. Andamans K specimen CUMZ 13077 from Taunggyi Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture and L specimen CUMZ 13078 from Kalaw Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture. Photographs: V Gojšina &amp; B Páll-Gergely (A), P Bourguignon (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104510">Fig. 12 I L</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="EABEB25390DBFA679AFA76D5FD4E68D0" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Shell measurements of subulinid species examined in this study. SH: shell height; SW: shell width. The localities numbers are indicated in Fig. 1." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B099E9B05D409B67DECF1570A3A8359F" tableUuid="B099E9B05D409B67DECF1570A3A8359F">Table 1</tableCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="096975A9E39B707F98E2B293E1A535A1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EC046189E47C4471826F144D5EF79F62">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="75C66A643BEC3DFB2BF69072EFB78D3D">
<treatmentCitation id="D49ED3411089F8D3043D52DF921EB1A8" author="Benson WH" page="90" year="1863">
<taxonomicName id="094B01224893B248C407413C99A3738C" authority="Benson, 1863: 90" authorityName="Benson" authorityPageNumber="90" authorityYear="1863" class="Gastropoda" family="Spiraxidae" genus="Spiraxis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="walkeri">
<emphasis id="C6D3403C1F9EB7B18394AA1C779EF402" italics="true">Spiraxis walkeri</emphasis>
<comment id="A75D99DE34401E5DF24DCF53D1FA0B59">
<bibRefCitation id="1860FBE6BD4E7C3E21EDD6FEC7B5C36D" DOI="10.1080/00222936308681435" author="Benson WH" refId="B13" refString="Benson WH (1863) Characters of new land-shells from the Andaman Islands, Burmah, and Ceylon, and of the animal of Sophina. Annals &amp; Magazine of Natural History Series 3 11 (65): 318 - 323. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222936308681435" year="1863">Benson, 1863: 90</bibRefCitation>
. Type locality: ad Portum Blair [Port Blair, Andaman Islands,
<collectingCountry id="956F3AED18C31DE9C88A149B93321506" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
].
<treatmentCitation id="553467ABADCC0F0B4ACE347C8B0D53E3" author="Pfeiffer L" page="189" year="1868">
<bibRefCitation id="D2664C27501B48E3A281BE80711169AF" author="Pfeiffer L" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" page="189" refId="B80" refString="Pfeiffer L (1868) Monographia Heliceorum Viventium: sistens descriptiones systematicas et criticas omnium huius familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum. Volumen Sextum. Lipsiae: F. A. Brockhaus, 598 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/46666" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/46666" year="1868">Pfeiffer 1868: 189</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. Hanley and Theobald 1873: 34, pl. 79, fig. 4.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF5725EE5EC986172289C0B812C86EEF">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="48AE81D9BE74997229497A22322E81CC">
<taxonomicName id="54ADB30499217505440E741242E77C01" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Opeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="walkeri">
<emphasis id="E1C449E14C5BB257DCB5E7C5112162F0" italics="true">Opeas walkeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="7818B7040D95C50CFAA87CACF51C178F">
<treatmentCitation id="81976F082D58D8A3BF2100B381DD8BF5" author="Theobald W" page="395" year="1870">
<bibRefCitation id="9622ED93DDB6035A045FC96C2C9E44C3" author="Theobald W" firstAuthor="Theobald" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" page="395" pagination="395-402" refId="B105" refString="Theobald W (1870) Descriptions of some new land shells from the Shan States and Pegu. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 39 (1): 395402." title="Descriptions of some new land shells from the Shan States and Pegu." volume="39" year="1870">Theobald 1870: 395</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="5B7C516830D0C6B458357141B65B954F" author="Godwin-Austen HH" page="443" year="1895">
<bibRefCitation id="26D58BCB77AB3AA1BC013FEB93747B85" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" issue="30" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" page="443" pagination="438-457" refId="B37" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1895) List and distribution of the Land- Mollusca of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, with descriptions of some supposed new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 63 (30): 438457. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/30983429" title="List and distribution of the Land- Mollusca of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, with descriptions of some supposed new species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/30983429" volume="63" year="1895">Godwin-Austen 1895: 443</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="7A84D6F537E9AC820CF230018D897085" author="Blanford WT" page="280" year="1903">
<bibRefCitation id="1F49A19EE633F625EC43E19F01B81142" DOI="10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a065982" author="Blanford WT" firstAuthor="Blanford" issue="4" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London" page="280" pagination="274-284" refId="B19" refString="Blanford WT (1903) Notes on Mr. WM Dalys collections of land and fresh-water Mollusca from Siam. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 5 (4): 274284. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a065982" title="Notes on Mr. WM Dalys collections of land and fresh-water Mollusca from Siam." volume="5" year="1903">Blanford 1903: 280</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D5312045217BC41838D3D9AF8A7B4DE0">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="2F8193E0111AB3E1BA57FA93C0E13DEE">
<taxonomicName id="C1CE47AC17DF0FD160B43631A4FB4A3A" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="walker" subGenus="Opeas">
<emphasis id="51432C87E0370BE6A59B401D65F81C66" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="4B73B653F3D62E9C03946C36BFDC1D38" italics="true">Opeas</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="E7F987C2639D03F39783E1B346F740BD" italics="true">walker</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="7B64FF19096A4885D018602F3D0CAF90">
i —
<treatmentCitation id="B31E7B667325CF96EEBD0973C8092676" author="Nevill G" page="165" year="1878">
<bibRefCitation id="DF1D3ECAE8A784A8042687D19B6FC3E4" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11957" author="Nevill G" firstAuthor="Nevill" journalOrPublisher="Indian Museum, Calcutta" page="165" refId="B69" refString="Nevill G (1878) Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda. Indian Museum, Calcutta, 338 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11957" title="Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda." year="1878">Nevill 1878: 165</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="09EE9132301BAAC1C78D27C0438F1EE2">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="0A3421BC4AF752C2F0669361A528F45D">
<taxonomicName id="128E5DB57DC1DE07A5682BDECA4E0A38" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="walkeri" subGenus="Euspiraxis">
<emphasis id="60309B8F2C0F9F6C2CA0133EFB1A3F5C" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
<comment id="68445DB6D7ED44A342E0747B17AD42EA">
[
<emphasis id="585273D5B79810BF38B6DF7F0E9A4477" italics="true">Spiraxis</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="55FD1E6B4DB19D358B19348E227DDA0C" italics="true">Euspiraxis</emphasis>
)]
<emphasis id="87A9E30D53F913DDF2458383E2FD3693" italics="true">walkeri</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="907EAC9C88828528DE69939A636D0D90" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" page="323" year="1881">
<bibRefCitation id="075ADAC0F80A5D11502FA558474359AF" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" journalOrPublisher="Kassel, Fischer" page="323" refId="B82" refString="Pfeiffer L, Clessin S (1881) Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali. Kassel, Fischer, 617 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" title="Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" year="1881">Pfeiffer and Clessin 1881: 323</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A79D535E39780318E9A06ACFA9BAD769">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="633C9DFA08DC3ABAAECC0E000B6A3980">
<taxonomicName id="0636C6009EB01F9462D98FB6E0B6172C" ID-CoL="7STC6" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Prosopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="walkeri">
<emphasis id="1E8816C4A6ACF2F0CCE6ECCAE0AFF997" italics="true">Prosopeas walkeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="1A8EBC1055B5C82CF97FDB3CFD0ECB87">
<treatmentCitation id="DCC451A1159F14121508D24D74CBC0EC" author="Pilsbry HA" page="29" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="3066860ECB3ADC7B5FEE37DE3FF6E957" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" page="29" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906: 29</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 30, pl. 6, fig. 70.
<treatmentCitation id="195CE907D2B248BCE38AB507C9F7C97B" author="Gude GK" page="363" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="7664535A098224BCD5E93BAA01923338" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="363" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 363</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 364.
<treatmentCitation id="09A7B53AD528DBA5B28BBC5F7A454001" author="Ramakrishna &amp; Mitra SC &amp; Dey A" page="183" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation id="B87D32411737DAF4A0E02C37B10922BC" author="Ramakrishna &amp; Mitra SC &amp; Dey A" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ramakrishna" page="183" refId="B91" refString="Ramakrishna, Mitra SC, Dey A (2010) Annotated checklist of Indian land molluscs. Occasional paper no. 306. Zoological Survey of India, 359 pp." year="2010">Ramakrishna et al. 2010: 183</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="17C4EF1E590029529569C741230E5986" author="Preece RC &amp; White TS &amp; Raheem DC &amp; Ketchum H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Taylor H &amp; Naggs F" page="130" year="2022">
<bibRefCitation id="BAE7EBFC355CC00A5A008BBDC8942666" author="Preece RC &amp; White TS &amp; Raheem DC &amp; Ketchum H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Taylor H &amp; Naggs F" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Preece" page="130" refId="B88" refString="Preece RC, White TS, Raheem DC, Ketchum H, Ablett J, Taylor H, Naggs F (2022) William Benson and the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1434." year="2022">Preece et al. 2022: 130</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 131, fig. 56 e.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E5ADK" type="Type specimens">
<paragraph id="31924B939CA957F97D7CD4161591B710">
<heading id="0FAF99C0D495B523DA303E8308F36B9C" reason="title">Type specimens.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F4B83D4FC6DDBE057D034B5B7463DB41">
<emphasis id="553135328366268E6DE28042A35AD87D" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="39167D77867C324B168D460D25ADA944" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0EJBDK" xlink_title="University Museum of Zoology Cambridge, Cambridge">
<collectionCode id="F43D997DD86E54BB656A63856E262EFC">UMZC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
I. 103115. A (5 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="9B296CBA4158432DA5CFB4F9F1398B34" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. A C Opeas filiforme A lectotype SMF 227532 from Gulf von Siam: Samui-Inseln B, C specimen CUMZ 13074 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar D Paropeas swettenhami, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38930 from Malacca E Paropeas tchehelense, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38932 from Pérak, Mont Tchéhèl F Paropeas terebralis, syntype NHMUK 1888.12. 4.1081 from Shan States, Burma G, H Paropeas turricula G syntypes NHMUK 1859.8. 1.10 from Siam and H specimen CUMZ 13076 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar I L Paropeas walkeri I syntypes UMZC I. 103115. A from Andaman Island (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 56 e) J specimen NHMUK 1885.2. 18.1318 from Viper Id. Andamans K specimen CUMZ 13077 from Taunggyi Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture and L specimen CUMZ 13078 from Kalaw Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture. Photographs: V Gojšina &amp; B Páll-Gergely (A), P Bourguignon (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104510">12 I</figureCitation>
, after
<bibRefCitation id="D861802BEFBC89DF200A2100C32458CC" author="Preece" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Preece" refId="B88" refString="Preece RC, White TS, Raheem DC, Ketchum H, Ablett J, Taylor H, Naggs F (2022) William Benson and the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1434." year="2022">Preece et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 56 e) ex. R. McAndrew collection from Andaman Island.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EWBDK" type="material">
<paragraph id="328B9D447B55A2416507C7A75DA1958C">
<heading id="493854EB0ACC2B0ED84DE77B9949F482" reason="title">Other material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E345AF96754CA2106BFED1B9A2A4101D">
<named-content id="1291A5EDF9C4A19EB32932DB687500EF" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="518A4EACC20A118F2F3260FD1CFEFEFD" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1885.2. 18.1318 ex E. S. Berkeley collection Viper Id. Andamans: (6 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="3819862B8B1EC1A4E9DABBA74BD0E1EA" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. A C Opeas filiforme A lectotype SMF 227532 from Gulf von Siam: Samui-Inseln B, C specimen CUMZ 13074 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar D Paropeas swettenhami, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38930 from Malacca E Paropeas tchehelense, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38932 from Pérak, Mont Tchéhèl F Paropeas terebralis, syntype NHMUK 1888.12. 4.1081 from Shan States, Burma G, H Paropeas turricula G syntypes NHMUK 1859.8. 1.10 from Siam and H specimen CUMZ 13076 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar I L Paropeas walkeri I syntypes UMZC I. 103115. A from Andaman Island (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 56 e) J specimen NHMUK 1885.2. 18.1318 from Viper Id. Andamans K specimen CUMZ 13077 from Taunggyi Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture and L specimen CUMZ 13078 from Kalaw Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture. Photographs: V Gojšina &amp; B Páll-Gergely (A), P Bourguignon (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104510">12 J</figureCitation>
). Aik Kham Cave, Taunggyi Township, Taunggyi District,
<collectingRegion id="DAF84821D052EF3BAAF7B0AB8C23456B" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="77BD0CD9F87FE798CFBE75B526824B89" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
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<geoCoordinate id="EE976DF82BEDB02AAF07D15B1BB76254" degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="07.0" value="20.818611">20 ° 49 ' 07.0 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ECAE9F52C18AD69F0A35C0705371DD1F" degrees="97" direction="east" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="42.0" value="97.22833">97 ° 13 ' 42.0 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
):
<named-content id="038D3B5172CCFE1249EF0F1C32F2E828" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">
<collectionCode id="683185637A4D52372D34CD4B9607A92C" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/da58-p0xp" name="Cameroon University, Museum of Zoology" type="">CUMZ</collectionCode>
</named-content>
13077 (3 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="EB64AB9F3C8917BB92F09DC33516A026" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. A C Opeas filiforme A lectotype SMF 227532 from Gulf von Siam: Samui-Inseln B, C specimen CUMZ 13074 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar D Paropeas swettenhami, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38930 from Malacca E Paropeas tchehelense, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38932 from Pérak, Mont Tchéhèl F Paropeas terebralis, syntype NHMUK 1888.12. 4.1081 from Shan States, Burma G, H Paropeas turricula G syntypes NHMUK 1859.8. 1.10 from Siam and H specimen CUMZ 13076 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar I L Paropeas walkeri I syntypes UMZC I. 103115. A from Andaman Island (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 56 e) J specimen NHMUK 1885.2. 18.1318 from Viper Id. Andamans K specimen CUMZ 13077 from Taunggyi Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture and L specimen CUMZ 13078 from Kalaw Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture. Photographs: V Gojšina &amp; B Páll-Gergely (A), P Bourguignon (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104510">12 K</figureCitation>
). Ywangan Village, near Lin Way Monastery, Kalaw Township, Taunggyi District,
<collectingRegion id="2733C53915FC583C41E459A4822AEFC2" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="100EC88171A0B31B8564B358195F3419" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
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<geoCoordinate id="6CDEC60DBBECE368348845F43DBA365D" degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="43.3" value="21.228695">21 ° 13 ' 43.3 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="6A3DD8816CAB7939C474540AECA5731A" degrees="96" direction="east" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="19.2" value="96.555336">96 ° 33 ' 19.2 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
):
<named-content id="15438BA6FACEB6DBC7D56A165F192A7C" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">
<collectionCode id="C31AA6C47CBB69209BF7CBD94A00E926" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/da58-p0xp" name="Cameroon University, Museum of Zoology" type="">CUMZ</collectionCode>
</named-content>
13078 (2 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="07758A2A1B6A4837CED42F9CB55D3843" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. A C Opeas filiforme A lectotype SMF 227532 from Gulf von Siam: Samui-Inseln B, C specimen CUMZ 13074 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar D Paropeas swettenhami, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38930 from Malacca E Paropeas tchehelense, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38932 from Pérak, Mont Tchéhèl F Paropeas terebralis, syntype NHMUK 1888.12. 4.1081 from Shan States, Burma G, H Paropeas turricula G syntypes NHMUK 1859.8. 1.10 from Siam and H specimen CUMZ 13076 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar I L Paropeas walkeri I syntypes UMZC I. 103115. A from Andaman Island (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 56 e) J specimen NHMUK 1885.2. 18.1318 from Viper Id. Andamans K specimen CUMZ 13077 from Taunggyi Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture and L specimen CUMZ 13078 from Kalaw Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture. Photographs: V Gojšina &amp; B Páll-Gergely (A), P Bourguignon (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104510">12 L</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EHDDK" type="description">
<paragraph id="6A09E7BA616EB29C4E0A507F2CA8259A">
<heading id="0370D3FCCA95B740A4EDA07A205A0F0A" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="247036B751F389AC70ECF4D35FF9606A">Shell slender, conical, translucent, whitish to pale yellowish colour, and with 88 ½ whorls. Apex rounded; protoconch ~ 2 whorls, rounded and with fine radial striations on entire whorls. Spire high, gradually tapering, and turreted; whorls flatly convex and last three whorls nearly equal; suture narrow and deep. Aperture narrowly ovate and elongate; peristome thin; columella straight or slightly concave; columellar margin simple to slightly expanded. Umbilicus narrowly opened to closed.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EMDDK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="79F3DADECEE56813FC9B29F3309A5F13">
<heading id="183A9166287D8C9C33D2A2EEF888E3C1" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4AACD50D9C41FA30EFC85050A0D0BF8E">
This species was originally described from the Andaman Islands,
<collectingCountry id="74955373E5671C4011E6D5C58C6D161E" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
, and was later recorded in
<collectingRegion id="A1D1870D4F03F5A0605542BA35CC26AB" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="B96A513E15EB60A2B9C0CA9BB2467CE9" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="073846B62579D18AFD3A6FFBCC92EF4F" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="76CB798B6DF3DC31DB7C3FFE3E784147" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="7C4B83FA63E5121043731EA62C09EF04" author="Panha" firstAuthor="Panha" refId="B72" refString="Panha S (1998) A checklist and classification of the terrestrial pulmonate snails of Thailand. Walkerana 8 [19951996] (19): 3140." year="1998">Panha 1998</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E1DDK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="1275237FFCC7DA74EFFB6647993F1541">
<heading id="2D7CE0C01FA10E4DF3D4FBEF2F26DA6F" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9B47F4AFF9E5A184851DB5BE7430BCCA">
In
<collectingCountry id="3A5EFE2E2DDF84A45333E070CD464102" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
,
<taxonomicName id="2244CA453FF30921D40D2D6BA180DBD8" baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="terebralis">
<emphasis id="C72905E87FDACA6754D744E8A34E31A6" italics="true">Paropeas terebralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="C79BD9FB5160DAB7C4A46DB6C4C7BC81" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Prosopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="walkeri">
<emphasis id="162CD78F3642F5360347348FB6FA2121" italics="true">P. walkeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are both recorded from
<collectingRegion id="16BCC50400FF5393BDE8FF59D0532015" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
. However,
<taxonomicName id="82BEF1603CF8A6B25275F061B475055C" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Prosopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="walkeri">
<emphasis id="2D45B3455B4A6B8BC0CCCE14D64ED73F" italics="true">P. walkeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses broader, fewer, and more convex whorls, a straight columella with a slightly reflected columellar margin, weaker radial striations, shallow suture, and embryonic whorls rounded. By contrast,
<taxonomicName id="33D51F942CC6021C3291972FEA3BA269" baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="terebralis">
<emphasis id="2457F6F4D3941219F3306C9DF20CD9B0" italics="true">P. terebralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has slimmer, higher, and flatter whorls, more concave columella, strong radial striations, deeper suture, and more pointed embryonic whorls. Additionally,
<taxonomicName id="C6E687BF0564CA483EC877D488911920" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Prosopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="walkeri">
<emphasis id="3679794E36F958E0CF4D03CF70E71262" italics="true">P. walkeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also differs from
<taxonomicName id="01DF7FEC4ACD57C6870C2F906A938003" baseAuthorityName="von Martens" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="turricula">
<emphasis id="0E60A7B94D00AEF90AB61B66CD1E4CD7" italics="true">P. turricula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its more convex whorls, straight columella, slightly reflected columellar margin, finer and crowded radial striations, deeper suture, and embryonic whorls rounded with stronger radial striations. Furthermore,
<taxonomicName id="D91357539B7A6F3B295E6E4059AB9A2C" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Prosopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="walkeri">
<emphasis id="4ABE26FB2FA8CC6C33041A2CF9C5A98F" italics="true">P. walkeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be differentiated from
<taxonomicName id="E40795FF369E1EAB871B6B707CC39324" baseAuthorityName="de Morgan" baseAuthorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="swettenhami">
<emphasis id="DCD20BDC6CB87F595EF8A6026F259310" italics="true">P. swettenhami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its slenderer shell, convex and closely grow whorls, deeper suture, more rounded protoconch whorls, distinctly turreted spire, and straight columella.
<taxonomicName id="AEBFF5F7B8997599B94CEA93F5FAD9E3" baseAuthorityName="de Morgan" baseAuthorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Prosopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="swettenhami">
<emphasis id="C4D64D8C8FD661956F34A460E568A279" italics="true">Prosopeas swettenhami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
displays a broader shell, flatter whorls, shallow suture, convex protoconch whorls, less turreted spire, and more concave columella.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8AE1D6E7DE580C35C859C7AA19304A43">
Among the specimens examined from
<collectingRegion id="B273E2719219466EEEDD761318C8A6C0" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
, we observed shell variations, such as the columellar margin being either expanded or not expanded and the columella being straight or slightly concave. In addition, the specimen identified as
<taxonomicName id="2E2E6B1DBAEC399FDF10CAD4A1EFADB8" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Prosopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="walkeri">
<emphasis id="FD9823AE0D66B9236EF6A3F4652FCB90" italics="true">P. walkeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Andaman Islands (Fig.
<figureCitation id="59DED091B734DD0BC31A887D095F3618" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. A C Opeas filiforme A lectotype SMF 227532 from Gulf von Siam: Samui-Inseln B, C specimen CUMZ 13074 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar D Paropeas swettenhami, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38930 from Malacca E Paropeas tchehelense, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38932 from Pérak, Mont Tchéhèl F Paropeas terebralis, syntype NHMUK 1888.12. 4.1081 from Shan States, Burma G, H Paropeas turricula G syntypes NHMUK 1859.8. 1.10 from Siam and H specimen CUMZ 13076 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar I L Paropeas walkeri I syntypes UMZC I. 103115. A from Andaman Island (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 56 e) J specimen NHMUK 1885.2. 18.1318 from Viper Id. Andamans K specimen CUMZ 13077 from Taunggyi Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture and L specimen CUMZ 13078 from Kalaw Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture. Photographs: V Gojšina &amp; B Páll-Gergely (A), P Bourguignon (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104510">12 J</figureCitation>
) exhibits a broader shell and a more expanded columellar margin compared to the
<typeStatus id="BE2577D4A5A45512A259C8A1055D4E0B" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
specimen (Fig.
<figureCitation id="18A72923995E1AA53705F0BF01D71AE6" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. A C Opeas filiforme A lectotype SMF 227532 from Gulf von Siam: Samui-Inseln B, C specimen CUMZ 13074 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar D Paropeas swettenhami, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38930 from Malacca E Paropeas tchehelense, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38932 from Pérak, Mont Tchéhèl F Paropeas terebralis, syntype NHMUK 1888.12. 4.1081 from Shan States, Burma G, H Paropeas turricula G syntypes NHMUK 1859.8. 1.10 from Siam and H specimen CUMZ 13076 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar I L Paropeas walkeri I syntypes UMZC I. 103115. A from Andaman Island (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 56 e) J specimen NHMUK 1885.2. 18.1318 from Viper Id. Andamans K specimen CUMZ 13077 from Taunggyi Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture and L specimen CUMZ 13078 from Kalaw Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture. Photographs: V Gojšina &amp; B Páll-Gergely (A), P Bourguignon (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104510">12 I</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -1,70 +1,70 @@
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<mods:namePart id="82A96C2CD1C9B12AF8C4DEB113C26BBB">Man, Nem Sian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C626949FD02210FD039A90E6729EE59F">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand &amp; Department of Zoology, University of Yangon, University Avenue Road, Kamayut Township 11041, Yangon, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePart id="F4948E70D76AA782FAE568B25191D7A4">Man, Nem Sian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BF018F627CBFDB705267AE6569D9C5CB">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand &amp; Department of Zoology, University of Yangon, University Avenue Road, Kamayut Township 11041, Yangon, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F17D6BEFEE53BD6448412DA5F4CCFFC8">Ablett, Jonathan D.</mods:namePart>
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@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ Man &amp; Panha
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This species is known only from its
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View file

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<treatment id="6689D62294155ACF8A324787D4A53B34" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13137116" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13137116" ID-arpha="6689D622-9415-5ACF-8A32-4787D4A53B34" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6689D62294155ACF8A324787D4A53B34" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6689D62294155ACF8A324787D4A53B34">
<subSubSection id="A92071C62A4E6582E8969928D62D58F0" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="76329EBB87772FDAF30D649522E7B920">
<heading id="CA058BB8B1C784DA9B9EFEDDBC48B079" reason="label">13</heading>
<taxonomicName id="9AB3A0F0D8620458CD8A14104A19247A" authority="von Mollendorff, 1899" authorityName="von Mollendorff" authorityYear="1899" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="latestriata">
<emphasis id="02068F36360F3713502FB15C737AB958" italics="true">Glessula latestriata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8852C68ECADEB783CA7CE8BF55BA73BB" author="von Möllendorff OF" refId="B119" refString="von Mollendorff OF (1899) Neue arten aus Hinterindien. Nachrichtsblatt der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft 31: 165, 166. https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 28228787" url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28228787" year="1899">von Möllendorff, 1899</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BE9191E3FFBB6F8483F21BD136B2EF42" type="description">
<paragraph id="5137ABEE0F71E6FF290DDC30EFFF0C23">
<figureCitation id="93AFB46E6C4668588E5054053FFFEA0A" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. A D Glessula latestriata A lectotype SMF 145919 from Kalow, Shan States B paralectotypes NHMUK 1926.2. 3.1920 from Kalow, Shan States C specimen CUMZ 13070 from Thale Cumon Temple, Kalaw, Shan State, Myanmar and D specimen CUMZ 13071 from Ywangan Village, Kalaw, Shan State, Myanmar E, F Glessula mandalayensis sp. nov. E holotype CUMZ 13072 from Pyinyaung Village, Mandalay Region, Myanmar and F paratypes CUMZ 13073 from the type locality. Photograph: Gojšina &amp; Páll-Gergely (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104506">Fig. 8 A D</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="20F5C5E3F9CC9DF9D9636C3F2AA5CBA6" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Shell measurements of subulinid species examined in this study. SH: shell height; SW: shell width. The localities numbers are indicated in Fig. 1." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B099E9B05D409B67DECF1570A3A8359F" tableUuid="B099E9B05D409B67DECF1570A3A8359F">Table 1</tableCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="889C8E3ADCBE5624F5C78BA087DFF5B3" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="2756D2E5F40269FA8462CBA7594F630D">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="05FD6D58EECE8BF504E08BDBA7875B68">
<treatmentCitation id="22E11E36013F199AFF1464E74DBE6694" author="von Möllendorff OF" page="166" year="1899">
<taxonomicName id="80AADA81BB9E4E62274CB755C4DAFC7A" ID-CoL="6KHNH" authority="von Mollendorff, 1899: 166" authorityName="von Mollendorff" authorityPageNumber="166" authorityYear="1899" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="latestriata">
<emphasis id="BE0B31D548B00938C5C9FFB91908F37A" italics="true">Glessula latestriata</emphasis>
<comment id="8701E4FCCE612AC7830A63B139F9D3C1">
<bibRefCitation id="D44FA7233A77D715E2DB4BBE1A90B6F6" author="von Möllendorff OF" refId="B119" refString="von Mollendorff OF (1899) Neue arten aus Hinterindien. Nachrichtsblatt der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft 31: 165, 166. https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 28228787" url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28228787" year="1899">von Möllendorff, 1899: 166</bibRefCitation>
. Type locality: Kalow,
<collectingRegion id="19551D0079F306860C9EA6A91FE57F64" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
[Kalaw Township, Taunggyi District,
<collectingRegion id="63825FD9F1C355E4179335B5829E5BB5" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="318FF1F7365365257BDFDD74542C3E6E" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
].
<treatmentCitation id="770581527B1D871CD08FE841EB974B03" author="Beddome CR" page="172" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="8B05639770B55C04C8B5FA290AFCFBD8" DOI="10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" author="Beddome CR" firstAuthor="Beddome" page="172" refId="B8" refString="Beddome CR (1906) Notes on Indian and Ceylonese species of Glessula. The Journal of Molluscan Studies 6 (3): 160172. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" year="1906">Beddome 1906: 172</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. Pilsbry 1909: 100.
<treatmentCitation id="D7014131EFCADAC5A57AB9B6C2A00C1C" author="Gude GK" page="443" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="0EC379BD3B415F191BD82FAA6F22AFB5" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="443" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 443</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="F63164583116A1EF4B2ED9FB3FCC996E" author="Godwin-Austen HH" page="59" year="1920">
<bibRefCitation id="4449CCDE9147C2B9F7955C0FA43E58B9" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="59" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920: 59</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="65D24610E3CD8C3137C28173D66467EA" author="Solem A" page="93" year="1966">
<bibRefCitation id="2BA81B85EB33D65302320FFDBC178C8D" author="Solem A" firstAuthor="Solem" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zoologia Musei Hauniensis" page="93" pagination="1-110" refId="B99" refString="Solem A (1966) Some non-marine mollusks from Thailand. Spolia Zoologia Musei Hauniensis 24: 1110." title="Some non-marine mollusks from Thailand." volume="24" year="1966">Solem 1966: 93</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 94, pl. 2, fig. e.
<treatmentCitation id="0CF254853FEBA38B8B35FC1E284A50D9" author="Zilch A" page="110" year="1973">
<bibRefCitation id="503161D7388CD888349072A175E6006F" author="Zilch A" firstAuthor="Zilch" journalOrPublisher="Archiv für Molluskenkunde" page="110" pagination="99-152" refId="B125" refString="Zilch A (1973) Die Typen und Typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 51: Mollusca: Achatinacea (2): Ferrussaciidae, Subulinidae. Archiv für Molluskenkunde 103: 99152." title="Die Typen und Typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 51: Mollusca: Achatinacea (2): Ferrussaciidae, Subulinidae." volume="103" year="1973">Zilch 1973: 110</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 5, fig. 26.
<treatmentCitation id="26AEA245F593B6B3503566C1413AA3D8" author="Inkhavilay K &amp; Sutcharit C &amp; Bantaowong U &amp; Chanabun R &amp; Siriwut W &amp; Srisonchai R &amp; Pholyotha A &amp; Jirapatrasilp P &amp; Panha S" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3237200609A6E2F3C3EDB6777E8E3DB6" page="49" year="2019">
<bibRefCitation id="60F4ACCF5AA6DAF07C5788589AE17704" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" author="Inkhavilay K &amp; Sutcharit C &amp; Bantaowong U &amp; Chanabun R &amp; Siriwut W &amp; Srisonchai R &amp; Pholyotha A &amp; Jirapatrasilp P &amp; Panha S" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Inkhavilay" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" page="49" pagination="1-166" refId="B47" refString="Inkhavilay K, Sutcharit C, Bantaowong U, Chanabun R, Siriwut W, Srisonchai R, Pholyotha A, Jirapatrasilp P, Panha S (2019) Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 834: 1166. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" title="Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda)." volume="834" year="2019">Inkhavilay et al. 2019: 49</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 20 c, d.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDQDI" type="Type specimens">
<paragraph id="1D1D1FD754CF8BF2E65B07F1AD8D5000">
<heading id="29D33F607EA7581C0B5AE717847FF490" reason="title">Type specimens.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B37FD6DFB9F17C947E157E9BC4F7D468">
<materialsCitation id="7CA801B6AA55CBDD6C6AF081086F380F" location="States" municipality="Kalow" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Shan" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="C064B4E3A1C9C9E5B2EDD34D039BA199" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="0AAA0E8C0EB481F299B4435D931B89F3" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
SMF 145919 / 1 (Fig.
<figureCitation id="CDB83AF24C1FF76EFFC0F946D25488C2" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. A D Glessula latestriata A lectotype SMF 145919 from Kalow, Shan States B paralectotypes NHMUK 1926.2. 3.1920 from Kalow, Shan States C specimen CUMZ 13070 from Thale Cumon Temple, Kalaw, Shan State, Myanmar and D specimen CUMZ 13071 from Ywangan Village, Kalaw, Shan State, Myanmar E, F Glessula mandalayensis sp. nov. E holotype CUMZ 13072 from Pyinyaung Village, Mandalay Region, Myanmar and F paratypes CUMZ 13073 from the type locality. Photograph: Gojšina &amp; Páll-Gergely (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104506">8 A</figureCitation>
) designated in
<bibRefCitation id="F836B64ED699190DF6B5151BDB0718A8" author="Zilch" firstAuthor="Zilch" journalOrPublisher="Archiv für Molluskenkunde" pagination="99-152" refId="B125" refString="Zilch A (1973) Die Typen und Typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 51: Mollusca: Achatinacea (2): Ferrussaciidae, Subulinidae. Archiv für Molluskenkunde 103: 99152." title="Die Typen und Typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 51: Mollusca: Achatinacea (2): Ferrussaciidae, Subulinidae." volume="103" year="1973">Zilch (1973</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 5, fig. 26) from
<collectingMunicipality id="243313EBD8B1D5F48B0EAC886AA950CB">Kalow</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="8FF5D64398F7BE9E2F032E72D8254759" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan</collectingRegion>
<location id="A754EACF59B2A4957AF85EFAB0E0BE95" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6689D62294155ACF8A324787D4A53B34:A754EACF59B2A4957AF85EFAB0E0BE95" municipality="Kalow" name="States" stateProvince="Shan">States</location>
</materialsCitation>
.
<emphasis id="AAC0E2BD971642A9702A012630E51A55" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="6FD041225F439784C91A4F55FB091446" type="paralectotype">Paralectotypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
SMF 227513 / 2 (2 shells) and
<named-content id="5EBEF6A4EDF87B9B0777E4F9E22FFA63" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="DAF8A87BE47C4BAEB4B7A4911A1BDE26" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1926.2. 3.1920 (2 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="68979277ABE62E8056F209CF4937C67A" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. A D Glessula latestriata A lectotype SMF 145919 from Kalow, Shan States B paralectotypes NHMUK 1926.2. 3.1920 from Kalow, Shan States C specimen CUMZ 13070 from Thale Cumon Temple, Kalaw, Shan State, Myanmar and D specimen CUMZ 13071 from Ywangan Village, Kalaw, Shan State, Myanmar E, F Glessula mandalayensis sp. nov. E holotype CUMZ 13072 from Pyinyaung Village, Mandalay Region, Myanmar and F paratypes CUMZ 13073 from the type locality. Photograph: Gojšina &amp; Páll-Gergely (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104506">8 B</figureCitation>
) from Kalow,
<collectingRegion id="3E3871DAA5540295C0E626BD2B5C5EA0" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan</collectingRegion>
States.
</paragraph>
<caption id="86ED190BE4A23173BDA615AD3F2E1273" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure8" ID-arpha="B8A38A7B-B224-5E3C-A320-B638FEF76E1D" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104506" startId="F8">
<paragraph id="AB3F442A046C1239984E8C6E3D2E06B9">
<label id="A93F880361B1FCBA04130B71D8AC1BEC">Figure 8.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8096C1C2103C2E9B86D1739E1EC1C5E2">
<emphasis id="65DB56EAE8BAF8AE906B9EDBADE088D2" bold="true">A D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A1AD9A11686D09C7F00C574A4FACC1E0" authorityName="von Mollendorff" authorityYear="1899" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="latestriata">
<emphasis id="E663062CB58A1CD47D26BF549E3382BE" italics="true">Glessula latestriata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="918CF4D1E3A9DE438DF2B2DB18531985" bold="true">A</emphasis>
lectotype SMF 145919 from Kalow, Shan States
<emphasis id="68EC765470A798C90F199DA11DC6EE3B" bold="true">B</emphasis>
paralectotypes
<named-content id="50E2BCD0F72F8FEBDA39F14C537590E5" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1926.2. 3.1920 from Kalow, Shan States
<emphasis id="07B41E4063F4CE8876D937B59BFE8BFC" bold="true">C</emphasis>
specimen
<named-content id="AAA69008085E6D7342994B492FCD9969" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">CUMZ</named-content>
13070 from Thale Cumon Temple, Kalaw, Shan State, Myanmar and
<emphasis id="5C3F616882EC09B22C2F9A08878B75DA" bold="true">D</emphasis>
specimen
<named-content id="C6B40C8942689E06F958CCD5608E96FD" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">CUMZ</named-content>
13071 from Ywangan Village, Kalaw, Shan State, Myanmar
<emphasis id="A09B0B4E9EC59604B2B2435379F7A27C" bold="true">E, F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0FC92B750AE7B93159EC72A4A32FB6F6" authorityName="Man &amp; Ablett &amp; Lwin &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mandalayensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C17BC66674387E9D40EE2BE54F799855" italics="true">Glessula mandalayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E0A96854AB2EC7E85C30A0880AFA0812" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="C775E30DBFEDC12DCDA2B756370DC26E" bold="true">E</emphasis>
holotype
<named-content id="02B9DD973E18EAB501E74A5BCF01955C" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">CUMZ</named-content>
13072 from Pyinyaung Village, Mandalay Region, Myanmar and
<emphasis id="501BC8A2F00E453BC7F15FEE27313BE0" bold="true">F</emphasis>
paratypes
<named-content id="F4165D175B1D99062FE5291EBA3C65DC" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">CUMZ</named-content>
13073 from the type locality. Photograph: Gojšina &amp; Páll-Gergely (
<emphasis id="0E494AE9BFB86350F3C377F857E06614" bold="true">A</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQTDI" type="material">
<paragraph id="89F9078C68E82D85AE828C1E3B0087C8">
<heading id="FB1B6EFC875851C099FABE38EDC49094" reason="title">Other material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="245B8841D63D3ECD6E8A5391BEB2B972">
Thale Cumon Temple, Kalaw City,
<collectingRegion id="24BB9547F1C257273414A2EC616F7E14" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="5104316766CFBD0024710E3A84C4FF79" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EZTDI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[96.594139,20.723361]}">
<geoCoordinate id="1F73EBFC06FEDFC0A2803EB4F36CED29" degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="24.1" value="20.723362">20 ° 43 ' 24.1 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="47A91F4E044F053D4DC9ECBA71BAA017" degrees="96" direction="east" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="38.9" value="96.59414">96 ° 35 ' 38.9 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
):
<named-content id="EEFA75548F3BEB232975CC47949CBB78" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">
<collectionCode id="E01B4A9FFB034FCD0415AEBBAF7A19AB" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/da58-p0xp" name="Cameroon University, Museum of Zoology" type="">CUMZ</collectionCode>
</named-content>
13070 (3 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="A45F5EC551558F7EB02E05749A8CAE90" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. A D Glessula latestriata A lectotype SMF 145919 from Kalow, Shan States B paralectotypes NHMUK 1926.2. 3.1920 from Kalow, Shan States C specimen CUMZ 13070 from Thale Cumon Temple, Kalaw, Shan State, Myanmar and D specimen CUMZ 13071 from Ywangan Village, Kalaw, Shan State, Myanmar E, F Glessula mandalayensis sp. nov. E holotype CUMZ 13072 from Pyinyaung Village, Mandalay Region, Myanmar and F paratypes CUMZ 13073 from the type locality. Photograph: Gojšina &amp; Páll-Gergely (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104506">8 C</figureCitation>
). Ywangan Village, near Lin Way Monastery, Kalaw Township, Taunggyi District,
<collectingRegion id="CF2F2ED50C04EAFE76C03AE5832BE639" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="E1D062F6B8DA60A731B5B10B496DCE4E" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EKUDI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[96.555333,21.228694]}">
<geoCoordinate id="F656EE5B5211AEA0E1535C81A3BF1681" degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="43.3" value="21.228695">21 ° 13 ' 43.3 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="CD303C08A4207F563FD136655BBD94C0" degrees="96" direction="east" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="19.2" value="96.555336">96 ° 33 ' 19.2 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
):
<named-content id="3333BC3693A3E24C39E2FFB3C8F74112" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">
<collectionCode id="85B978460866944CDBC5A837369D1694" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/da58-p0xp" name="Cameroon University, Museum of Zoology" type="">CUMZ</collectionCode>
</named-content>
13071 (1 shell; Fig.
<figureCitation id="E9F135E3A9D4868F447A35D6159E48C2" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. A D Glessula latestriata A lectotype SMF 145919 from Kalow, Shan States B paralectotypes NHMUK 1926.2. 3.1920 from Kalow, Shan States C specimen CUMZ 13070 from Thale Cumon Temple, Kalaw, Shan State, Myanmar and D specimen CUMZ 13071 from Ywangan Village, Kalaw, Shan State, Myanmar E, F Glessula mandalayensis sp. nov. E holotype CUMZ 13072 from Pyinyaung Village, Mandalay Region, Myanmar and F paratypes CUMZ 13073 from the type locality. Photograph: Gojšina &amp; Páll-Gergely (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104506">8 D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EYUDI" type="description">
<paragraph id="AEF0E2B11DE27F512F3E87C4E0CC66D7">
<heading id="560F59E0D245D1C725FC9DFFB6D19B9A" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F1F9C63AAA4FB2FE6608C69ADC74E73">Shell ovate conic, solid, glossy, brownish colour, and with 6 ½ 7 whorls. Apex blunt; protoconch ~ 2 whorls with smooth to shallow radial grooves; subsequent whorls with distinctly thickened and equally spaced grooves. Spire gradually attenuated, slightly turreted, and bluntly pointed; whorls convex; suture deep; last two whorls almost equal and largest. Aperture narrow and obliquely ovate; peristome white and thickened; columella short, concave, slightly twisted, and truncated. Umbilicus closed.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E4UDI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="74D47BB7D37C23BBFCC2F12C81B0C62E">
<heading id="53650B01777BC661FBC892769E74DD63" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="254C38B977EFA9230D21C90C3C7105AA">
This species is known from
<collectingRegion id="2A5C88198050961278163659150ABCD9" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
in
<collectingCountry id="16B2C7D66EE8592602055C75B6931BC6" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, northern
<collectingCountry id="CD07F8176B3567ACE8FA3E7B6B5DC79F" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="510D1C62F6A2C89B90A20B619FD944FE" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="41C0F56A7EAF535BBA963362AE36AF49" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D982C010801705B736FA30AFF34F11AB" author="Solem" firstAuthor="Solem" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zoologia Musei Hauniensis" pagination="1-110" refId="B99" refString="Solem A (1966) Some non-marine mollusks from Thailand. Spolia Zoologia Musei Hauniensis 24: 1110." title="Some non-marine mollusks from Thailand." volume="24" year="1966">Solem 1966</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="702548A48AE319E724E592D9B1F3D08E" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" author="Inkhavilay" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Inkhavilay" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="1-166" refId="B47" refString="Inkhavilay K, Sutcharit C, Bantaowong U, Chanabun R, Siriwut W, Srisonchai R, Pholyotha A, Jirapatrasilp P, Panha S (2019) Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 834: 1166. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" title="Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda)." volume="834" year="2019">Inkhavilay et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EPVDI" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="B4DD27C63259B782344BF8BD2F685F78">
<heading id="3EF74623A56F3A8974E6A848A6442D78" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1563223563F78A8A13C3FD34B3A3509E">
<bibRefCitation id="23F9C313C5C6B7C9905358DAE898F823" author="von Möllendorff OF" firstAuthor="von Mollendorff" refId="B119" refString="von Möllendorff OF (1899) Neue arten aus Hinterindien. Nachrichtsblatt der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft 31: 165, 166. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28228787" url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28228787" year="1899">von Möllendorff (1899)</bibRefCitation>
described this species based on specimens collected by
<collectionCode id="25647F06FAEBB75076A302D3CA9C3AA7">B</collectionCode>
Strubell from
<collectingRegion id="0DD14346EBE03171F49B4FD97F4B75A1" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="A1A1D005ED3552A5D659FCDE2119C6B5" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
. The original description did not include any illustrations, and only one set of measurements was given. The species description was not explicitly based on
<specimenCount id="C4E8DD5CF2DB85D84A2A220F5696EDAB" count="1" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
. Nevertheless,
<bibRefCitation id="643EEFB7686FF65373D6470DF33A873D" author="Zilch A" firstAuthor="Zilch" journalOrPublisher="Archiv für Molluskenkunde" page="110" pagination="99-152" refId="B125" refString="Zilch A (1973) Die Typen und Typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 51: Mollusca: Achatinacea (2): Ferrussaciidae, Subulinidae. Archiv für Molluskenkunde 103: 99152." title="Die Typen und Typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 51: Mollusca: Achatinacea (2): Ferrussaciidae, Subulinidae." volume="103" year="1973">Zilch (1973: 110)</bibRefCitation>
later used the terms
<typeStatus id="AA4942B4FB332B42B0C58F1FD1D8976D" type="holotype">Holotypus</typeStatus>
SMF 145919 and
<typeStatus id="8D529BF438EB8B86C4519FDD6C2AB25E" type="paratype">Paratypen</typeStatus>
SMF 227513 / 2 for the von Möllendorff type series in the SMF collection. This is not a valid
<typeStatus id="D04B16056624A2C54470F2943E70B0AA" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
designation, but we consider it an inadvertent
<typeStatus id="38A1C06BE28E7FD720FF679DB1B21A38" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
designation (
<collectionCode id="B0C2B4E969768567849DE0C66EFDBDD7">ICZN</collectionCode>
1999: Arts. 73.1, 74.5, and Recommendation 73 F). The other specimens labelled as
<typeStatus id="912C704C43D2E09BDDDFAE408A8B0294" type="paratype">Paratypen</typeStatus>
SMF 227513 / 2 and Co-types
<named-content id="1EDF0FE586E24870051F0EB686B72263" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="0A1B27B53C097919CA185456F922E11C" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1926.2. 3.1920 are considered
<typeStatus id="EE2F3C49FDCC3E123323D6E05D8CFC73" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D9370CBC587FFA89E37F5FFB4CB124C8">
Although both
<taxonomicName id="220516B0DAF919DB1132F942783DAE0A" authorityName="von Mollendorff" authorityYear="1899" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="latestriata">
<emphasis id="578571DD6C8CEB16F707878F223A838B" italics="true">G. latestriata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="1F60E8421B742E0FBF997115C6518C10" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="feddeni">
<emphasis id="46503BEA5B0EF49FAA17C73AD0929D36" italics="true">G. feddeni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possess radial grooves striations, the former has a slender shell, gradually attenuated spire, and blunter apex; in contrast,
<taxonomicName id="F11375920A704CE8A931877B1C172C94" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="feddeni">
<emphasis id="F5CEBA8FECA5DE45F804BFF300FE8595" italics="true">G. feddeni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a larger and broader shell, turreted, intermediately attenuated spire and pointed apex with abruptly truncate columella.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,278 @@
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<mods:affiliation id="B4364AD5634E7357BCDA34F0FC17DABD">Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="1FE2AC80D402F5755EF56694280C2AED">Fauna and Flora International, No. 35, 3 rd Floor, Shan Gone Condo, Myay Ni Gone Market Street, Sanchaung Township, Yangon, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="00CC9CE0AB8164AFC46F88A4CFD851A9">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand &amp; Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="6DDC8836CE055A20BCF6F8F753E79F4E" ID-arpha="6DDC8836-CE05-5A20-BCF6-F8F753E79F4E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6DDC8836CE055A20BCF6F8F753E79F4E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6DDC8836CE055A20BCF6F8F753E79F4E">
<subSubSection id="A90C166FD9DD0F5839FA67D439145EEE" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB8321EDED219AE9B2EAABD55FCB05B">
<heading id="1EE9D772B5BFAEE92B869347FBDC3488" reason="label">3</heading>
<taxonomicName id="3C3B7809D26F1ADF18E739ABE49A2965" authority="(Hanley, 1870)" baseAuthorityName="Hanley" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Bacillum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="theobaldi">
<emphasis id="09428331EB371329D1D61B09AB097BA2" italics="true">Bacillum theobaldi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8561D859EC60693A5421C618D6F97843" author="Hanley SCT &amp; Theobald W (1870" refId="B43" refString="Hanley SCT, Theobald W (1870 (1870); pp 19 - 28, pls 41 - 60 (1872); pp 29 - 34, pls 61 - 80 (1873). pp 35 - 48, pls 81 - 120 (1874); pp 49 - 56, pls 121 - 140 (1875); pp 57 - 65, pls 141 - 160 (1876)] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 50391" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50391" year="1870">Hanley, 1870</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="67FD67F786E846E61D85E35A1DF2689B" type="description">
<paragraph id="654D2A84C80E6923E6E625D3D87E57FB">
<figureCitation id="575311630F40BF2BB3707D4C8C77D561" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A D Allopeas gracile A lectotype NHMUK 1856.09. 15.68 / 1 from Mirzapore B paralectotypes NHMUK 1856.09. 15.68 / 211 and C, D specimen CUMZ 13066 from Mandalay Region, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture E H Bacillum obtusum E, F syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.349 from Bhamo, Upper Burmah G, H specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1725 from Bhamo, Upper Burma and H juvenile shell with last whorl I Bacillum theobaldi, syntype NHMUK 1912.4. 16.121 from Burmah with last whorl." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104501">Fig. 3 I</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E0B7A7C582CF85151308BC38FC4F0D7" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="002A7F1EB5CB2427ED98869260133AE1">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="76FBC94AA4DA03C6E7B320666DC73968">
<taxonomicName id="9B2065AD6CDFF317B068A11DB4C142F8" ID-CoL="7PS74" authority="Hanley" authorityName="Hanley" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="theobaldi" subGenus="Electra">
<emphasis id="C21F52FD09A2F3E00C3DAAABD4FE681C" italics="true">Achatina</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="101AFFA4BA83A6D3EC3CAF905AF8952B" italics="true">Electra</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="F372305AB7A85A6FAA61D42ED93C0CC4" italics="true">theobaldi</emphasis>
<comment id="ECAE087CB327B0F878DE00F672F3623A">
Hanley in
<treatmentCitation id="9BB82523CBE646AB5FD882C853F7CAC8" author="Hanley SCT &amp; Theobald W (1870" page="9" year="1870">
<bibRefCitation id="0421C164ABADB432133E18F51665C6C5" author="Hanley SCT &amp; Theobald W (1870" firstAuthor="Hanley" page="9" refId="B43" refString="Hanley SCT, Theobald W (1870 (1870); pp 1928, pls 4160 (1872); pp 2934, pls 6180 (1873). pp 3548, pls 81120 (1874); pp 4956, pls 121140 (1875); pp 5765, pls 141160 (1876)] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50391" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50391" year="1870">Hanley and Theobald 1870: 9</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 17, fig. 5. Type locality: Near the Salwen [near Salween River,
<collectingCountry id="A43CF80707B3768A7DB40AEB41EF96B1" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
].
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3DA800FC0EF9378269D418C8745C4BAE">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6EB03C9E1C08156D1A33A2646AE8DFEF">
<taxonomicName id="4168870F0EE1B5848DBEB0F575980F7B" authorityName="Hanley" authorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="theobaldiana" subGenus="Glessula">
<emphasis id="4FFF80EA94E11ECD095138EAD5D5BB68" italics="true">Achatina</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="FB3D8B57C7288E1F068A81DB6DEDB92C" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="30A023F495DE52E5368C4F4C718CA9B2" italics="true">theobaldiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="2CB150CA550F84D130E833F7A2EEA408">
[sic] —
<treatmentCitation id="FB384EFA063A5D6698FB28E7C9B28019" author="Theobald W" page="395" year="1870">
<bibRefCitation id="0D3E7943373964DA30644B438EEFB921" author="Theobald W" firstAuthor="Theobald" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" page="395" pagination="395-402" refId="B105" refString="Theobald W (1870) Descriptions of some new land shells from the Shan States and Pegu. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 39 (1): 395402." title="Descriptions of some new land shells from the Shan States and Pegu." volume="39" year="1870">Theobald 1870: 395</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="565C15C20A2DC6914C4101BA197BD1DC">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="206B43130B117DB2372107DED1F10CC6">
<taxonomicName id="C28335B2CD4619D12E361852F29ABB1D" ID-CoL="7PS74" authorityName="Hanley" authorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="theobaldi">
<emphasis id="77DDF9F9C96D9B86306D3F66C497B2DE" italics="true">Achatina theobaldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="6DCEA38F7C72EDF4C6DD4B31816BBFFB">
<treatmentCitation id="593C1109C58E48A884EFAA18E74B55BE" author="Pfeiffer L" page="290" year="1876">
<bibRefCitation id="2939E2C9276FD22D8AEE5C5BB9B8D7D1" author="Pfeiffer L" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" page="290" refId="B81" refString="Pfeiffer L (1876) [18761877] Monographia Heliceorum Viventium: sistens descriptiones systematicas et criticas omnium huius familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum. Volumen Octavum. Lipsiae: F. A. Brockhaus, 729 pp. [pp 1480 (1876); pp 481729 (1877)] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47348" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47348" year="1876">Pfeiffer 1876: 290</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3233C29CF07D82071111DB7434BD85EA">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="1ABF6DDD779BF2BDAC653D4DA4353DF6">
<taxonomicName id="89489B252DD7374A3A45B9AF8CA685EF" baseAuthorityName="Hanley" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="theobaldiana" subGenus="Glessula">
<emphasis id="960E258946F7AFBB18A5645045812D7A" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="4C22DBB726A10EFFC81A0A9509B4B2F3" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="C12915F55C307369BC903A9E7368F3AD" italics="true">theobaldiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="9E850787F51157D4CEBEA6C6CD3FDC4F">
<treatmentCitation id="E5707C5546CA6A2FCDEBE2B95FFA12CF" author="Nevill G" page="172" year="1878">
<bibRefCitation id="DC67D06255E762E902AAC2BF75AB8C4A" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11957" author="Nevill G" firstAuthor="Nevill" journalOrPublisher="Indian Museum, Calcutta" page="172" refId="B69" refString="Nevill G (1878) Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda. Indian Museum, Calcutta, 338 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11957" title="Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda." year="1878">Nevill 1878: 172</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4530A87225B24DF2FFED95D602679802">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6C361150B629A2A2DAEEBB60AB47C2FB">
<taxonomicName id="E709C0E8D9C8A2C2AE0306FBE8EA8099" baseAuthorityName="Hanley" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="theobaldi" subGenus="Subulina">
<emphasis id="0B4A33BE200E55F40B2D7D8FC8765705" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="E13F46097697CD893795B2917BE68ABA" italics="true">Subulina</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="633F4A0DD1C4E315922929DE4CCF70D3" italics="true">theobaldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="B167FE739382DBECB91C73D5724B71B4">
<treatmentCitation id="A0484A3E80FE7F8A673B5E8CAD94605A" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" page="327" year="1881">
<bibRefCitation id="76E175BEC71D07FDDE9D1726FFBDC2EB" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" journalOrPublisher="Kassel, Fischer" page="327" refId="B82" refString="Pfeiffer L, Clessin S (1881) Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali. Kassel, Fischer, 617 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" title="Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" year="1881">Pfeiffer and Clessin 1881: 327</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A4C51BC431A2123A5A84038E4E321D0F">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5EE81CE005D7760D7B3BDC157E36F162">
<taxonomicName id="236B5C2D3468E91ABA70153618588C07" ID-CoL="7Q9R3" baseAuthorityName="Hanley" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bacillum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="theobaldi">
<emphasis id="EB3EC6E3704B6813CA76D752BC8E3386" italics="true">Bacillum theobaldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="61F6900161281EADD1D39A4C50438C14">
<treatmentCitation id="15F88C93C577ACAF8F2D5E9581D2A2DD" author="Pilsbry HA" page="4" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="3DD1C874AC70876F5C2339D8C46DC782" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" page="4" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906: 4</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 1, fig. 8.
<treatmentCitation id="2E1D37BDC54BD1A38820BACCC0311E18" author="Gude GK" page="344" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="DA752131A8681A9D7E936E4A52754DA6" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="344" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 344</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 345.
<treatmentCitation id="049A77E6FAFD0AB63B3299F1021CB864" author="Ramakrishna &amp; Mitra SC &amp; Dey A" page="150" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation id="7154853F48C2E5EACA08ECF9756AE177" author="Ramakrishna &amp; Mitra SC &amp; Dey A" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ramakrishna" page="150" refId="B91" refString="Ramakrishna, Mitra SC, Dey A (2010) Annotated checklist of Indian land molluscs. Occasional paper no. 306. Zoological Survey of India, 359 pp." year="2010">Ramakrishna et al. 2010: 150</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E6OBG" type="material">
<paragraph id="3AAB54C48FDF41BED1BAE7FA846D289C">
<heading id="2300A1C6A93EB7B1F8119D7F3DCE4B9C" reason="title">Other material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3719E464F30CEE4D421EEAF9C235071B">
<named-content id="4BB65559F9B9CE35BC5328F714324602" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="0C7BE8178DECD294526393A1D7F47EF3" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1912.4. 16.121 (1 shell; Fig.
<figureCitation id="4DE0F91486C01D98DD5F4C1463F61EB0" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A D Allopeas gracile A lectotype NHMUK 1856.09. 15.68 / 1 from Mirzapore B paralectotypes NHMUK 1856.09. 15.68 / 211 and C, D specimen CUMZ 13066 from Mandalay Region, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture E H Bacillum obtusum E, F syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.349 from Bhamo, Upper Burmah G, H specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1725 from Bhamo, Upper Burma and H juvenile shell with last whorl I Bacillum theobaldi, syntype NHMUK 1912.4. 16.121 from Burmah with last whorl." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104501">3 G</figureCitation>
) ex. Beddome collection from Burmah.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EOPBG" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="DC07D97113151BD8BBE337CFB5013D03">
<heading id="2303D0BA3E0C52C2EF8A4AD2EB3A7BBA" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="00A1CBEECB6432F92AA2B21F69C45CE0">Shell elongate turreted and gradually attenuated; apex rounded, blunt and very large embryonic shell; subsequent whorls with strong and equally spaced radial ribs throughout. Aperture ovate; columella curved and truncated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ETPBG" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B307F07B9C4F7D6E157389872C404AC">
<heading id="E71B3F8A9A4F224E486858560557F395" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9FF5271499A7310642657E874D64C33D">
This species was recorded from near the Salween River and in
<collectingRegion id="4528475876CFFCF1B91970EFE1EDE7BD" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="919E68BCAC10A3B4C4D55EEE68164990" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EE8378C3960FEF7D396D3380D0F66F60" author="Hanley and Theobald" firstAuthor="Hanley" refId="B43" refString="Hanley SCT, Theobald W (1870 (1870); pp 1928, pls 4160 (1872); pp 2934, pls 6180 (1873). pp 3548, pls 81120 (1874); pp 4956, pls 121140 (1875); pp 5765, pls 141160 (1876)] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50391" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50391" year="1870">Hanley and Theobald 1870</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="C122AF6F859C33D4DBA8EB75A816A2BA" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906</bibRefCitation>
). The additional report from India by
<bibRefCitation id="CB8B4E8A749C22AE66A3057651C1398B" author="Ramakrishna &amp; Mitra SC &amp; Dey A" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ramakrishna" refId="B91" refString="Ramakrishna, Mitra SC, Dey A (2010) Annotated checklist of Indian land molluscs. Occasional paper no. 306. Zoological Survey of India, 359 pp." year="2010">Ramakrishna et al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
is possibly erroneous.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFQBG" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="C82404BA7C4AFD1EEFBDD0ACBA78E9C3">
<heading id="9252566827C1DEF1848CB93299DA6900" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D09E8B5B294A328F295D569A2D2C3730">
No new material of this species was examined.
<taxonomicName id="60955A8D386811F6E9A6E3D9B2E8F2A5" baseAuthorityName="Hanley" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bacillum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="theobaldi">
<emphasis id="61C7F9AC75AD1DE3CDA45D2166B52E50" italics="true">Bacillum theobaldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was initially proposed without a proper description other than comparing it with
<taxonomicName id="CD55F07561347DE1DCB22BEA0930539F" authority="(Reeve, 1849 a)" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1849" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bacillum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cassiacum">
<emphasis id="790D831D0AF21CF60889B531E8EDBC72" italics="true">B. cassiacum</emphasis>
(Reeve, 1849 a)
</taxonomicName>
and with an imprecise type locality noted as Near the Salwen (
<bibRefCitation id="883D7EC06D014D2C12FE0C5EE71AF9DD" author="Hanley and Theobald" firstAuthor="Hanley" refId="B43" refString="Hanley SCT, Theobald W (1870 (1870); pp 1928, pls 4160 (1872); pp 2934, pls 6180 (1873). pp 3548, pls 81120 (1874); pp 4956, pls 121140 (1875); pp 5765, pls 141160 (1876)] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50391" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50391" year="1870">Hanley and Theobald 1870</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="1AAC10EA1C8F437E4427DB9C6C0A8A65" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry (1906)</bibRefCitation>
confined the type locality as near to the Salween River in
<collectingRegion id="C80F15FE7147E29374191E0A9DB67B8F" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8A7993C286710E019E02FDBBEE98E593">
This species is superficially similar to
<taxonomicName id="D6A7468561C658547223F7A0AAE4D4D9" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1869" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bacillum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="obtusum">
<emphasis id="0A8AE67F9F242DB496DEF7B998C40B5F" italics="true">B. obtusum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in shell shape. However,
<taxonomicName id="2E023AFA98E47B63563308FD6BE744DA" baseAuthorityName="Hanley" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bacillum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="theobaldi">
<emphasis id="EBEBB7A3BC1C20752D431C5F27E98ADD" italics="true">B. theobaldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has equally spaced radial ridges (Fig.
<figureCitation id="BFEEB5E6BF8973708EFE6F81D6AE42B3" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A D Allopeas gracile A lectotype NHMUK 1856.09. 15.68 / 1 from Mirzapore B paralectotypes NHMUK 1856.09. 15.68 / 211 and C, D specimen CUMZ 13066 from Mandalay Region, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture E H Bacillum obtusum E, F syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.349 from Bhamo, Upper Burmah G, H specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1725 from Bhamo, Upper Burma and H juvenile shell with last whorl I Bacillum theobaldi, syntype NHMUK 1912.4. 16.121 from Burmah with last whorl." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104501">3 I</figureCitation>
), whereas
<taxonomicName id="B124366C53D6C05E96B1EFD622230204" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1869" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bacillum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="obtusum">
<emphasis id="3AD585AD17E8808910D677DFBC7A6360" italics="true">B. obtusum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
processes finer radial striations (Fig.
<figureCitation id="DDA8D6CBFAA44F9C0AF0F5AFF2F33093" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A D Allopeas gracile A lectotype NHMUK 1856.09. 15.68 / 1 from Mirzapore B paralectotypes NHMUK 1856.09. 15.68 / 211 and C, D specimen CUMZ 13066 from Mandalay Region, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture E H Bacillum obtusum E, F syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.349 from Bhamo, Upper Burmah G, H specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1725 from Bhamo, Upper Burma and H juvenile shell with last whorl I Bacillum theobaldi, syntype NHMUK 1912.4. 16.121 from Burmah with last whorl." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104501">3 H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
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<mods:title id="85F1DEFF0DA80C552A6B1CA2F6CD48E6">Contributions on a small collection of the former Subulinidae Fischer &amp; Crosse, 1877 (Eupulmonata, Achatinoidea) with catalogue of the Glessula and Rishetia species recorded from Myanmar</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B98D49EDEDC4092250B5779389AFF93A">Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DD26989886CAD01292B6627BA45A49B7" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4431-2458</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="3C9D236EC941DD9D1D6C8FDE6DAE05B9">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand &amp; Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="4B69439F6E09F04749AAFFAEDA4BD833">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="1AD3203EDF03FD10A8BD54A48DBFA314">ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="6C89D6E0D384731F1BA2B4DB4108C96C">
<mods:date id="842CE1E6FCBDD8563D80DF5B43F64425">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="5ADCEA2DEC3FF923D93E391E243734A0" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="8DFE96E529A16721C0650FDEFCAFBB26">2024-07-30</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="15EFDFB9A0EB96D092ED178FF8EBE007" type="volume">
<mods:number id="B04F1BC01D8A77C7B7C991A68193B391">1208</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="09504B2CAA5E507AB4AE50D492B6C380" unit="page">
<mods:start id="077B2CD161D90BB2AFBAD2E252DC7DCA">173</mods:start>
<mods:end id="BDDDEC07F338F344C9FF59CF202C79CB">239</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="70959672E45408BB2E10446CEF20EA45">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="C82714B56192C9E62217E6080495ABB8" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C81514273FEA349A2910C3F3CB2C7BFD" type="ZooBank">0215503D-E8B4-4179-89F6-FB2CCC59F37E</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="6E266811260D59619498F61E9264945F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13137112" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13137112" ID-arpha="6E266811-260D-5961-9498-F61E9264945F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E266811260D59619498F61E9264945F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6E266811260D59619498F61E9264945F">
<subSubSection id="D8210948C25EE06FE3F59E64A68440C0" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="C0F7303C94B3553CF8EEA162D6684808">
<heading id="3B51161C59A04A513E88E5D6EE7E802A" reason="label">10</heading>
<taxonomicName id="8D6DC5030EA3CFE71581CEC9E88EC9A5" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1920" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="feddeni">
<emphasis id="A0D0472B1F0CFFC6C1DB8B31C9A06EC7" italics="true">Glessula feddeni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2B51F028026E777AF385384CCE4D5876" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="37580DA80D44FEEF953B11CB42E82CC1" type="description">
<paragraph id="2FCF5807C9091459037A5727DAE3ABA4">
<figureCitation id="D8D81F42F017CBD8168C0FE0188111C1" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A F Glessula feddeni A, B syntypes NHMUK 1906.2. 2.261 from Shan Hills, E. of Ava C specimen NHMUK 1906.3. 3.41 from Shan Hills and D F specimen CUMZ 13068 from Pyinyaung Village, Mandalay Region, Myanmar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104504">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="C89E55534CF0BD62C58D82C9E4D53825" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Shell measurements of subulinid species examined in this study. SH: shell height; SW: shell width. The localities numbers are indicated in Fig. 1." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B099E9B05D409B67DECF1570A3A8359F" tableUuid="B099E9B05D409B67DECF1570A3A8359F">Table 1</tableCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="336F9FDE7D57AF5380ED06823DF4062F" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="462BC85A22D124B810C38A147E653DCB">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="8C576E637940C3B0F21B4883996566B2">
<treatmentCitation id="F274735F33AC74E016785E554DACDA80" author="Godwin-Austen HH" page="58" year="1920">
<taxonomicName id="F5CFF4AB828B0AC4FC7363BF4388157B" ID-CoL="7RFJF" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1920: 58" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityPageNumber="58" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="feddeni">
<emphasis id="7B70DE9889FBFB2DEBBEE243435254F9" italics="true">Glessula feddeni</emphasis>
<comment id="5C520A37550543BF75B8D6396B057BB6">
<bibRefCitation id="313D9EB91D2F9192BCA9895DCBBDAB0E" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920: 58</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 162, fig. 15. Type locality:
<collectingRegion id="D6E0D5AE2AD46C29F274AC51FF88C888" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan</collectingRegion>
Hills [
<collectingRegion id="AE48CC78791B6F262C7A5073A8D40983" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F85E0607CD7DBBB753A5DB637FFCA38A" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
].
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="225BFF9E18FE9A93A0C89A0ECA45CD8D">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="1DAA23787AE25D2BF247195E809CF9B7">
<taxonomicName id="277605FED2F0617F45EB86E2C8E34189" ID-CoL="7RFJF" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="feddeni">
<emphasis id="AA4945B4FA83BDE072E991C603E78E50" italics="true">Glessula feddeni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="3AFCB3D9B4C644CC3FABC0439FF95087">
var. —
<treatmentCitation id="A1792C55B7B058CAF0FCD6D43038509C" author="Godwin-Austen HH" page="58" year="1920">
<bibRefCitation id="7F08C6D4225F2B71EA1E1B4869496757" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="58" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920: 58</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 163, fig. 14.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EJYCI" type="Type specimens">
<paragraph id="5AC032CE44D6C5B080B46F8B2C97C408">
<heading id="2F57DFD5F3FCC0B29D48A9E019AF507B" reason="title">Type specimens.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6477DE7058C97EF6D0A91AA6BB967F34">
<emphasis id="A77D0AA5625012DD1D812A851CEEB3E8" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="CF95E6CB4E3A8DC7C81E765A9897C472" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<named-content id="21DBCE84103D6B4D469456515CA28ECE" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="D72D0DB3A5C7DA1F40FF2C9420F2D320" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1906.2. 2.261 [re-registered in error as 1985142] (5 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="29602F7BD1B3D3FE0AA2AD85249415FD" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A F Glessula feddeni A, B syntypes NHMUK 1906.2. 2.261 from Shan Hills, E. of Ava C specimen NHMUK 1906.3. 3.41 from Shan Hills and D F specimen CUMZ 13068 from Pyinyaung Village, Mandalay Region, Myanmar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104504">6 A, B</figureCitation>
) ex. Blanford ex. Godwin-Austen collection from the
<collectingRegion id="C3E748C4A5B7349D6C3EF677FE276624" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan</collectingRegion>
Hills, E. of Ava.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E4YCI" type="material">
<paragraph id="E584F8D5F5676CC678A5DD2157485EA7">
<heading id="07BB729F66D5ABD029C594038AD785B7" reason="title">Other material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="36ED357FCA5323B38608BFD12283188A">
<named-content id="4D62C0DC459AD279218EB2B7CF77F836" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="43563526F752F294375655ABA2ADE2CE" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1906.3. 3.41 (1 shell; Fig.
<figureCitation id="33EAED9CA515BF018707E01CAB9F29D5" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A F Glessula feddeni A, B syntypes NHMUK 1906.2. 2.261 from Shan Hills, E. of Ava C specimen NHMUK 1906.3. 3.41 from Shan Hills and D F specimen CUMZ 13068 from Pyinyaung Village, Mandalay Region, Myanmar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104504">6 C</figureCitation>
) ex. Blanford ex. Fedden collection labelled as var. from the
<collectingRegion id="0F1C4C96F57FECA1A48AFC49D46C0C83" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan</collectingRegion>
Hills. Limestone hills (Apache Cement Factory), Pyinyaung Village, Meiktila District,
<collectingRegion id="D35C22DC666FA69DAC79E5C6DCBADD30" country="Myanmar" name="Mandalay">Mandalay Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="CF7451C4D4CD91EF339FA42DBD89ECAB" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EPZCI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[96.393083,20.827528]}">
<geoCoordinate id="ACABEF15CCFAC759EC56E8435B8167A2" degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="39.1" value="20.827528">20 ° 49 ' 39.1 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="4242006DD70053DAF13EECB73D91209F" degrees="96" direction="east" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="35.1" value="96.39308">96 ° 23 ' 35.1 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
):
<named-content id="61B8236D9EDE9F2CE9A108BC10253387" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">
<collectionCode id="D6029D962C34A993C6FDFDAF8F4288D8" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/da58-p0xp" name="Cameroon University, Museum of Zoology" type="">CUMZ</collectionCode>
</named-content>
13068 (8 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="9C220AE1430A6EE061B0B421C5C948B7" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A F Glessula feddeni A, B syntypes NHMUK 1906.2. 2.261 from Shan Hills, E. of Ava C specimen NHMUK 1906.3. 3.41 from Shan Hills and D F specimen CUMZ 13068 from Pyinyaung Village, Mandalay Region, Myanmar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104504">6 D F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="59017BAFC2054F8DDCEE007044D4A670" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure6" ID-arpha="F745B90E-6BB9-5F27-9791-E4503B95F91D" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104504" startId="F6">
<paragraph id="EDE2BC8491623042F492DA822F12F5AE">
<label id="87DB8211C288B44DF5C61363993E16E2">Figure 6.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DA736BAD36F605538014254BEC040419">
<emphasis id="E353B1167A8D1C65CB4A57AF4926E5C7" bold="true">A F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="81E1B58D266D1920284F55553E9EEC10" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="feddeni">
<emphasis id="9E316BE27121CF011CCD14531B593458" italics="true">Glessula feddeni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="129875AE9820845D8686BF1F5A6121E2" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
syntypes
<named-content id="128DDF6EE30602CB2FE66E9A347BEFBB" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1906.2. 2.261 from Shan Hills, E. of Ava
<emphasis id="E7B68AB4128B42CBF8D7078343552C43" bold="true">C</emphasis>
specimen
<named-content id="679BDC770C558D9B6E652998C1BA7BB1" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1906.3. 3.41 from Shan Hills and
<emphasis id="DCF523245BA89C7C397671CDFC24E06D" bold="true">D F</emphasis>
specimen
<named-content id="476B323666AAC96AD2D337810244887D" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">CUMZ</named-content>
13068 from Pyinyaung Village, Mandalay Region, Myanmar.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EM2CI" type="description">
<paragraph id="73EF873DB0268D1E76CA937E01A80D79">
<heading id="70D1F69AFBDAE5CCF80645F80574A2B0" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="40A8061DE5DD5138FA05F2D6FDF43E87">Shell globosely conical, solid, glossy, brownish colour, and with 6 ½ 7 whorls. Apex slightly pointed; protoconch ~ 2 whorls with smooth surface; subsequent whorls with strong, oblique, and equally spaced radial grooves that more distinct near suture. Spire attenuated, turreted and pointed; whorls flatly convex; suture deep; last two whorls almost equal and largest. Aperture narrowly and obliquely ovate; parietal wall straight; peristome white and thickened; columella short, concave, slightly twisted, and truncated. Umbilicus closed.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ER2CI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="FA97A202DDEEB51889E8319A5D77316A">
<heading id="981C349B937C92E80A6967171B592A7C" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ECCE9C107525330144241F3A90C10995">
This species was originally described from
<collectingRegion id="4DDDF379023A55FEAA1CA8D1DFF6C94D" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan</collectingRegion>
Hills, but the precise type locality was not provided. In this study,
<taxonomicName id="75F066ED1BF770B4E90D5DFEDE0AE5AD" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="feddeni">
<emphasis id="7238054E21BF68EABDDEC5C549F100CF" italics="true">G. feddeni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was located in the
<collectingRegion id="4AF8E93BF2905921BF24E9475E6C0844" country="Myanmar" name="Mandalay">Mandalay Region</collectingRegion>
adjacent to the
<collectingRegion id="3317075FEED342E50416B996C61CDF90" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan</collectingRegion>
Hills.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EC3CI" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="3E1156C8D1ECB0CF641B95A29871798F">
<heading id="8B9810D94F2CDD8D2F7C33199920827B" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="91B59C108ACCE83652BDF1526D78CE1F">
<bibRefCitation id="8B9C5E82EEA5202796F6CAF8C8D64A32" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen (1920)</bibRefCitation>
clearly states the catalogue number Type No. 261.06.2.2 (
<named-content id="8C4A1805B4205B9CC08E4001AE678A1A" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="8B455AF750EC10EAE2F87C7E53E41D86" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1906.2. 2.261) from the
<collectingRegion id="3D5B68E6AFD4FE71AD1CEE3A6F59E58D" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan</collectingRegion>
Hills. The original description included an illustration and two sets of measurements. The Godwin-Austens type lot in the
<named-content id="3BFF7F9E04D9732EAAF5DC08817A846E" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="30C9F345981FC1F43997528B9499B618" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
consists of five shells with an original handwritten label stating Type. The
<specimenCount id="E9D7019D4E6C7CE706DC3D40C06EDF0F" count="2" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
with the largest shell height closest to the given measurements are here illustrated together with another shell from the
<typeStatus id="3EE6372997B3C8029546B8924A4A1F65" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
lot.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B2B4807A463E3375DE7731D7DBA60405">
<bibRefCitation id="29E673F34CF5D218C3F94CE5E0488395" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="58" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen (1920: 58</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 163, fig. 14) also recognised another variety as var. and illustrated specimen lot No. 41.06.3.3 (
<named-content id="415A2546B02E04193E39B5EB8F37EC95" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="3757BC0565A1FCAD2325365BC4FD930A" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1906.3. 3.41). Nevertheless, this entity has never been properly made available. The specimen lot
<named-content id="DB7C86293FA7E094EB3D1F859D7A2881" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="17F78B10B1AF851774981A323B1A9F6D" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1906.3. 3.41 (Fig.
<figureCitation id="24CE73299E35983BAF70F36E9C4E6D6B" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A F Glessula feddeni A, B syntypes NHMUK 1906.2. 2.261 from Shan Hills, E. of Ava C specimen NHMUK 1906.3. 3.41 from Shan Hills and D F specimen CUMZ 13068 from Pyinyaung Village, Mandalay Region, Myanmar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104504">6 C</figureCitation>
) labelled as var. is excluded from the type series of this nominal species (
<collectionCode id="21E5D5B5BED0CB20B2B154C09D44B330">ICZN</collectionCode>
1999: Art. 72.4. 1). However, this specimen has a more slender shell than the type series (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F66DE88A29DF186D039F026567D67B6F" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A F Glessula feddeni A, B syntypes NHMUK 1906.2. 2.261 from Shan Hills, E. of Ava C specimen NHMUK 1906.3. 3.41 from Shan Hills and D F specimen CUMZ 13068 from Pyinyaung Village, Mandalay Region, Myanmar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104504">6 A, B</figureCitation>
) and is possibly more closely related to
<taxonomicName id="33B486E9CA810A412CE9A22B9A154A19" authorityName="von Mollendorff" authorityYear="1899" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="latestriata">
<emphasis id="5A5D6C0B0ADC44CBE870A36A113E5BF2" italics="true">G. latestriata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is also distributed in the
<collectingRegion id="D9CF00804224995F7E64B2B3401A8EFC" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
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<mods:title id="2B4725D10A368E437FA4ACC296220885">Contributions on a small collection of the former Subulinidae Fischer &amp; Crosse, 1877 (Eupulmonata, Achatinoidea) with catalogue of the Glessula and Rishetia species recorded from Myanmar</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="19DC392535B3CC3AD0F8CE8370A2058F">
<heading id="5E0CE393EBACA21CBEEF1AE86189552D" reason="label">7</heading>
<taxonomicName id="DC58A6D6EA8FEF867F4F70681AA23F83" authority="(Blanford, 1865)" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="scrobiculata">
<emphasis id="FCAEEC68218262E74DE92FD131C1FE77" italics="true">Curvella scrobiculata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D13D9519CAF08FB7E6199FF09BB584F0" author="Blanford WT" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66 - 105. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford, 1865</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E7BE59F69C6F9C6E8EB0EA6417B34178" type="description">
<paragraph id="DC2D96181E277F8D3A7DF2CE3996FE43">
<figureCitation id="EAE2AF712BA1D9F4B34A4F6EB2E5021D" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A Curvella plicifera, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.235 from Thyetmyo, Pegu; Akouktoung B, C Curvella pusilla B possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.234 from Akouktong, Pegu and C specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu D, E Curvella puta D holotype UMZC I. 102795 from Tavoy, Birmah (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 55 f) and E specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu F Curvella scrobiculata, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.226 from Akouktong, Pegu." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104502">Fig. 4 F</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="277B76E57FD0D365272B32DD5D4F615D" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="E9C169CD3CFE4EA5E4CBF974E0256B2E">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="52B4712021B9C4579C958B30BA03C782">
<treatmentCitation id="4728453430A1C18B4AC42304716FA9EF" author="Blanford WT" page="77" year="1865">
<taxonomicName id="988579312B77CBC452FC175C8AC165E1" authority="Blanford, 1865: 77" authorityName="Blanford" authorityPageNumber="77" authorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bulimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="scrobiculatus">
<emphasis id="916284DC0E3FB9C95E1AE6110E2E6608" italics="true">Bulimus scrobiculatus</emphasis>
<comment id="8FAA8181F10B655E71A48391D64E4C7A">
<bibRefCitation id="50852681BAAFE6C32CC78DEE7226CCA0" author="Blanford WT" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66 - 105. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford, 1865: 77</bibRefCitation>
. Type locality:
<collectingRegion id="919BB636E5B55AABBBE5B08FB44A5E2A" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
, west of Irawady [
<collectingRegion id="D50F581671FD35D11BC697E8E044EE32" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Bago Region</collectingRegion>
, west of
<collectingRegion id="DDBDF606A032F41F235EFAF04E978636" country="Myanmar" name="Ayeyawady">Ayeyarwady</collectingRegion>
River,
<collectingCountry id="272684BA1F2CDE223410373BB3769D63" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
].
<treatmentCitation id="F0F974FAC37D21F9BC8107A4035D90EC" author="Pfeiffer L" page="151" year="1868">
<bibRefCitation id="F8DCDCB5617440193081684B2580BB0C" author="Pfeiffer L" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" page="151" refId="B80" refString="Pfeiffer L (1868) Monographia Heliceorum Viventium: sistens descriptiones systematicas et criticas omnium huius familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum. Volumen Sextum. Lipsiae: F. A. Brockhaus, 598 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/46666" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/46666" year="1868">Pfeiffer 1868: 151</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. Hanley and Theobald 1874: 34, pl. 79, fig. 9.
</comment>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7E999DAD7BDFB51C7591A63338B8529D">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB907A7992F19C69EB9680B12FF17C3C">
<taxonomicName id="4CEA73EA429BBF3D7C694115F05063D2" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Buliminidae" genus="Bulimina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="scrobiculata" subGenus="Hapalus">
<emphasis id="64A615A5D5209EE1BCF13E607C6F27BC" italics="true">Bulimina</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="1A4B8FC5D820DC67FB4E9CCBA760C7F8" italics="true">Hapalus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="FF8D1AB7D59E7E804BE60BF4A9E8E80B" italics="true">scrobiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="BB6F3D6CEC75176CB3BB7FA59570EC8A">
<treatmentCitation id="2F50130132055116021F4592F80F2961" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" page="300" year="1881">
<bibRefCitation id="B72533B9E28F2C91B9078A4ACB323C57" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" journalOrPublisher="Kassel, Fischer" page="300" refId="B82" refString="Pfeiffer L, Clessin S (1881) Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali. Kassel, Fischer, 617 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" title="Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" year="1881">Pfeiffer and Clessin 1881: 300</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="89160CD2DFD96F871127B8B39040EA8F">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="9571074527687773A2AFB0218862CE35">
<taxonomicName id="06975B28E811928C9AEB38F5EA67B1AC" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Hapalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="scrobiculatus">
<emphasis id="3332E101F745D983F73603B030F5A80B" italics="true">Hapalus scrobiculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="AEC7ED70584F4FD37C74802DF28D6EC7">
<treatmentCitation id="847C313E29394C3292F037C0152BD3E6" author="Nevill G" page="175" year="1878">
<bibRefCitation id="654458454A9177B1CC943A93DB878900" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11957" author="Nevill G" firstAuthor="Nevill" journalOrPublisher="Indian Museum, Calcutta" page="175" refId="B69" refString="Nevill G (1878) Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda. Indian Museum, Calcutta, 338 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11957" title="Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda." year="1878">Nevill 1878: 175</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="936EF4AD6C6C372901201ED3506BAD4D">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="2FF4C8B73BD81BAA697A41E34CF7F94C">
<taxonomicName id="C88C80326D3921E0103ACFCF26F80CC3" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="scrobiculata">
<emphasis id="3A0671BBED9F469E28116E4941831E9E" italics="true">Curvella scrobiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="55EA1E1656F76B006F6CA9A08004B3F1">
<treatmentCitation id="47A9015171A93D67E22DD3E7D4C67BA7" author="Pilsbry HA" page="64" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="8F7F736CAAFA59419F7F5A30A0A43E9C" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" page="64" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906: 64</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 65, pl. 9, fig. 49.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9CECF48734A602F4CC107895336A97D5">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="FF7EFE27A6CCED2038159CCE5122B627">
<taxonomicName id="8F6B64A46963960892EA741FD3A59CE0" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="scrobiculatus">
<emphasis id="DBA7A5E92406E4BCC534D946FF117713" italics="true">Curvella scrobiculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="40842F6919CD26631CAC9D3C8CADA13D">
<treatmentCitation id="997C852AF0B7D7667EB0987684EBE780" author="Gude GK" page="350" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="47BAA10A3BED9202BEEDAE352263634D" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="350" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 350</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 351.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EK3AI" type="Type specimens">
<paragraph id="43EA16983B913F0A1E4CA53470B0FBA0">
<heading id="B770F5147AEF0A6F33C3C8D74FB0110D" reason="title">Type specimens.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="117D2EC58C7F728A54ED8A721D1480DC">
<emphasis id="42E431C223E1336EA88E3238CD40588B" bold="true" italics="true">
Possible
<typeStatus id="0FFC43FB86D80D51D25F18BD9AF61536" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<named-content id="8FAD52667A269A05BDFC8B64D3322692" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="DF9B3C624A363A1FB4FA32DBE1154F62" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1906.2. 2.226 (2 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="12114417F64DB21CC1DFE69ACA9B3435" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A Curvella plicifera, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.235 from Thyetmyo, Pegu; Akouktoung B, C Curvella pusilla B possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.234 from Akouktong, Pegu and C specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu D, E Curvella puta D holotype UMZC I. 102795 from Tavoy, Birmah (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 55 f) and E specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu F Curvella scrobiculata, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.226 from Akouktong, Pegu." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104502">4 F</figureCitation>
) ex. Blanford collection from Akouktong,
<collectingRegion id="195B0FAE2C1A2B72052C21F50663E3B2" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E53AI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="C35E03BF58AAF4921E1E0A271B90FF76">
<heading id="243C99E8DC0B14B68D4BE396B06E8E71" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C72A06FFB0130504A30C5DCF7AA957DC">Shell conical; spire high; apex obtuse; subsequent whorls with strong and equally spaced radial ridges throughout. Suture impressed and whorls flattened convex. Aperture truncate and somewhat pointed posteriorly; columella straight and thickened; parietal callus thin. Umbilicus narrowly open.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ED4AI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="9B9B09892700F014649C5346EE8145DB">
<heading id="C9DF3DDD329F3BB4D661FBAB86572163" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A715BF633E698ED755EBE58D1E2A84F1">
This species is known only from the type locality and is probably an endemic species in
<collectingCountry id="27741935C9784FE820844D2F37F74804" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EI4AI" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="5219BE05A09FCE55CFB54DD439B6C3F4">
<heading id="EB92D4BE80E4359B7520103271EBCE7B" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="570D32CBDE8178C20E022C0F1ACC0857">
No new material of this species was found in this study, and the probably
<typeStatus id="6D5D7FAF65C88B6F684743892A85FF80" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
is illustrated here for the first time.
<bibRefCitation id="423BC134ECE5A6F5EDF411E903D13D25" author="Blanford WT" firstAuthor="Blanford" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66105. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford (1865)</bibRefCitation>
described three
<taxonomicName id="D9F5ED19609A9EDED3EB44642B806288">
<emphasis id="D3ED704A1D13A79503FB148F81E56DD5" italics="true">Curvella</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74F30EA567C08CCCD3C66D316918AB54" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="plicifera">
<emphasis id="3912F60D625A41F1991CC107565FB8B0" italics="true">C. plicifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="99D1803BF4A99B143B726E2C4EAA2CD9" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="2A1EE817B9BA3051E88DD169348D866B" italics="true">C. pusilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="9E6912F288DDF9ACB5B08F70245B9859" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="scrobiculata">
<emphasis id="7B64B14D50591B38EEDF20BA6AB01119" italics="true">C. scrobiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from
<collectingCountry id="781CDB0D524F1F65C6C014DCD77BA123" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
consecutively in the same publication with their type localities as Pegu [now in the
<collectingRegion id="8741FBF1E42213DD6347421AB354BA52" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Bago Region</collectingRegion>
]. Compared to the authenticated museum specimens,
<taxonomicName id="5A2D55AA6EACD99F71A8CB0F799563B3" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="scrobiculata">
<emphasis id="79B9A2D71A563FAD522C1DBAF15ED4B5" italics="true">C. scrobiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinct from
<taxonomicName id="0C7659464D785DD05807BAD746A73343" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1857" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="puta">
<emphasis id="58B41B6CB171E558D934D63AB7F87281" italics="true">C. puta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having strong radial ribs, flatter whorls, and a more turreted, pointed, and higher spire. Furthermore,
<taxonomicName id="74F9241C05713ECCFAE9004EC30DCEE9" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="scrobiculata">
<emphasis id="235433773AC7EF7095D52210701D1691" italics="true">C. scrobiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easily distinguishable from
<taxonomicName id="A6005F952C970ADE5165C58254F63A63" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="plicifera">
<emphasis id="E6BAA2ECBB1FD33BBE0C733B95CBF626" italics="true">C. plicifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="3B73189DD2368344A3022CBB11AB6E5F" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="C086F0C02B538D1F0AD507D4815F69FA" italics="true">C. pusilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its higher, pointed, turreted spire and prominent radial ribs. In contrast, the two latter species exhibit a lower and more convex spire with finer radial striations to nearly smooth shell surfaces. These are considered possible
<typeStatus id="2009979D13D570751C5408096B1DF545" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
material since the locality data (Akouktong,
<collectingRegion id="1255E64414D5F1591B2A40EB83BEEF38" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
) does not exactly match that which was given in the original description (
<collectingRegion id="3CD97A41A8A278B770086B2500CBE533" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
, west of Irawady).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
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<mods:title id="87058D1F8B2784EC21939F39017D7C59">Contributions on a small collection of the former Subulinidae Fischer &amp; Crosse, 1877 (Eupulmonata, Achatinoidea) with catalogue of the Glessula and Rishetia species recorded from Myanmar</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="CE65DD82581265DFC555C6ECFA8F9D37">
<heading id="46D9B326072FCCD8F298CE18453A355D" reason="label">32</heading>
<taxonomicName id="6876971CE72AC1C3F3A7FE11D0DB7F63" authority="(Godwin-Austen, 1920)" authorityName="Man &amp; Ablett &amp; Lwin &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Godwin-Austen" baseAuthorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="kentungensis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="2ACF5895FE3A8C92F41A9C28EFB4AE9D" italics="true">Rishetia kentungensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2CFB0063AAA00AA90F117F94800ADD94" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FE704B0C6BC2E968AC3332FC9181BC04" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5CE8C8C0C654C30CB0A9E208E8C4CBD8" type="description">
<paragraph id="2E52A55061862E3C7DA43B6200260CD9">
<figureCitation id="DE69092703D9797588728295371258FA" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. A C Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli A, B specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3742 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Burma and C specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3744 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Burma D Rishetia hastula, neotype NHMUK 1906.1. 1.880 from Darjiling E, F Rishetia kentungensis, syntypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3650 from Mong Sing, Siam Boundary G Rishetia limborgi, holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3200 from Tenasserim H, I Rishetia nathiana, syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2206 from Bassein District." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104512">Fig. 14 E, F</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="AABA4441F34F0EAAD4C17F8097A6AC71">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="0358CABD94A4FD790D5B7FA04C52CDE6">
<treatmentCitation id="79BE0E9FCEF14F2BB63AD081F6634E6D" author="Godwin-Austen HH" page="57" year="1920">
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<emphasis id="B823B1A55540BE3847240615B082829C" italics="true">Glessula kentungensis</emphasis>
<comment id="DAAD408B50B368F399EAD86B18F4A3C9">
<bibRefCitation id="0C129BBE0344924023649E2AD16CE6AB" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920: 57</bibRefCitation>
, 58. Type locality: Mong Sing,
<collectingCountry id="42320766AE193F0B42CF03FD373A893F" name="Thailand">Siam</collectingCountry>
Boundary [Muang Sing District,
<collectingRegion id="CF053B490E55C891192B9E6EA964E85C" country="Laos" name="Louangnamtha">Luang Namtha Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="DFAD32CDFCE63E5DF023E1B5BCDBE871" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
].
<treatmentCitation id="1546BDAC68B9977311FA388E880FC3E4" author="Inkhavilay K &amp; Sutcharit C &amp; Bantaowong U &amp; Chanabun R &amp; Siriwut W &amp; Srisonchai R &amp; Pholyotha A &amp; Jirapatrasilp P &amp; Panha S" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A40C3CDD682376B45DAB9CD68E9058EF" page="49" year="2019">
<bibRefCitation id="0146292FB2F76F8575FB5DD28194BA12" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" author="Inkhavilay K &amp; Sutcharit C &amp; Bantaowong U &amp; Chanabun R &amp; Siriwut W &amp; Srisonchai R &amp; Pholyotha A &amp; Jirapatrasilp P &amp; Panha S" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Inkhavilay" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" page="49" pagination="1-166" refId="B47" refString="Inkhavilay K, Sutcharit C, Bantaowong U, Chanabun R, Siriwut W, Srisonchai R, Pholyotha A, Jirapatrasilp P, Panha S (2019) Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 834: 1166. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" title="Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda)." volume="834" year="2019">Inkhavilay et al. 2019: 49</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 20 b.
</comment>
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EF6EK" type="Type specimens">
<paragraph id="4DB9AEA1D231FA19D30E72B6AAE57D49">
<heading id="CA97C7FD93294D9D28B025A4D8194DCE" reason="title">Type specimens.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E69AF8700BF3019C8DA904DA9695D3F0">
<materialsCitation id="EBE15C38B273FDA4BF85B3E737BF0368" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="Woodthorpe" country="Thailand" location="Mong Sing" specimenCode="1903.7. 1.3650" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
<emphasis id="4A29F3E9A8992A9B71B93CF20C4AF561" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="3BBFD1C20064697FDDE4816030A7CBD6" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<named-content id="4F7F5722CAF582A8D370D6FD1E02DC70" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="FE12487C74213258BD995C946B113CDF" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
<specimenCode id="DD3B933521B1B45EE961F929A387AAE1">1903.7. 1.3650</specimenCode>
[re-registered in error as 1986002] (3 shells + 1 juvenile; Fig.
<figureCitation id="CD8E12BE5FFB15F98320E8466756D4A8" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. A C Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli A, B specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3742 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Burma and C specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3744 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Burma D Rishetia hastula, neotype NHMUK 1906.1. 1.880 from Darjiling E, F Rishetia kentungensis, syntypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3650 from Mong Sing, Siam Boundary G Rishetia limborgi, holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3200 from Tenasserim H, I Rishetia nathiana, syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2206 from Bassein District." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104512">14 E, F</figureCitation>
) collected by
<collectorName id="882BE4779987CC0DF0C2D5D74A1E1C57">Woodthorpe</collectorName>
ex. Godwin-Austen collection from
<location id="CA46F33042D99A33F620442DB2DE5547" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:76279DD8E0D35E9C95998602E9479B71:CA46F33042D99A33F620442DB2DE5547" country="Thailand" name="Mong Sing">Mong Sing</location>
,
<collectingCountry id="F537A6ECE70C23D1B781F2C4189278FE" name="Thailand">Siam</collectingCountry>
Boundary
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZ6EK" type="material">
<paragraph id="69A048D192008026C045A8D5E87CD807">
<heading id="907B661825E4B0A7406B992388F49E6C" reason="title">Other material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0FCA036FB45B672CF0B35BC5467BF080">
<named-content id="0C569850889DBB1025D132B8D21EAE1C" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="34ADEC62435B7BD657CF52EAADD98631" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1903.7. 1.3748 (4 shells) collected by Woodthorpe ex. Godwin-Austen collection from the Mekong River.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EEAFK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="35A67D56EBD48237CA27D1EC894BA853">
<heading id="03CE59C7F689BE3249CB6D4586A834CE" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D6EBF0FE0D3EC053967C921DCF6F14E">Shell elongate, turreted, and regularly attenuated; apex rounded, blunt and with very large embryonic shell; subsequent whorls nearly smooth throughout, and prominent irregularly spaced radial ridges near suture. Suture impressed and whorls slightly flattened. Aperture broadly ovate; columella strong, concave, and truncated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EJAFK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="05A9387F37EE0E425A42968046DD0F22">
<heading id="FEC5E9CA81400F102DD097BBB3C83B9E" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CAD0DC3ECA884D4BB653F9650044B193">
This species was initially found in
<collectingCountry id="10CFF0CFA7CB4F2FCC66729831755306" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
; however, as noted by
<bibRefCitation id="07B82D7BD5A464F1553DF6BF0F66C059" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen (1920)</bibRefCitation>
, its presence in the Mekong River region is assumed to likely extend to the East Shan State.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ETAFK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="9DE8EB0B4BA4302488AB6243082D5395">
<heading id="41125A6D000DC01DBDC0F6E9D8C82C5F" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="51B67A9DBF694008A92BD3EB67312E9B">
The original description gave the measurements for only one shell and did not include an illustration.
<bibRefCitation id="2B541A71BAF7444034F02E5A8A561A89" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen (1920)</bibRefCitation>
clearly states the collection locality and the catalogue number Type No. 3650
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0E4AFK" xlink_title="used in old labels for the British Museum">
<collectionCode id="9A2369237AB9B8F20E381A3EBF3B6B28">B</collectionCode>
. M
</abbrev>
. . The
<named-content id="1D327C7DC841CA6D855DC5262D021C90" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="ABD258BCC44D812CCECF99B226E0E1C9" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
collections contain a lot of
<specimenCount id="ADEF3799B225BF9DD80A2414DA848710" count="4" type="generic">four specimens</specimenCount>
from the Godwin-Austen ex. Woodthorpe collection with an original label stating Type and giving the collection locality as Mong Sing,
<collectingCountry id="04CDF5564C2EB99BA3F37FABD3A682AC" name="Thailand">Siam</collectingCountry>
Boundary. The
<specimenCount id="AB4EEAEA6ED1FB4D00938C1A7F8BAE3B" count="2" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
match well with the original description, and shell dimensions are illustrated herein. Another specimen, lot No. 3748
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0EHBFK" xlink_title="used in old labels for the British Museum">
<collectionCode id="0859B49FEC91B35AE773301F07B227CC">B</collectionCode>
. M
</abbrev>
. from the Mekong River, is excluded from the type series of this nominal species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="486BD68990832FC81043315D46EC2DBC">
Originally, the type locality was said to be from Mong Sing,
<collectingCountry id="7C0FBE38AED08C93CC7B9A79352E5875" name="Thailand">Siam</collectingCountry>
Boundary; currently, this locality refers to Muang Sing District,
<collectingRegion id="86E95562302C71E24DE8630C2F53C7D3" country="Laos" name="Louangnamtha">Luang Namtha Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="2F1FC5036EF421AC3647BE102A05BFA0" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
. The specimen
<named-content id="8F632F12B4E14B3E8A19368744BF26E5" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="E516B7F6E7FA1BE5F218380F7C82FA80" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1903.7. 1.3748, collected from the Mekong River by Colonel R. G. Woodthorpe, has a vague locality that could possibly encompass the East Shan State (formerly Keng Tung State) and the
<collectingRegion id="1D6ACBB7824A295526DFF07AFCD57722" country="Laos" name="Bokeo">Bokeo</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="3929B6B8B5A8BADAE41991EC9D4C9B3D" country="Laos" name="Louangnamtha">Luang Namtha</collectingRegion>
provinces in
<collectingCountry id="094A393064897256E010CCAFFD30FEF9" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
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<subSubSection id="AD304E6DD039264DEA1BA9ABDC823C82" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="32FD2E233B0AA77B507CCACD1684AC63">
<heading id="8434D64608609F6A719BEDF33EF6A55F" reason="label">18</heading>
<taxonomicName id="27A24604D8E261278E7EDCAE8CFDB0F3" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1920" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ponsiensis">
<emphasis id="87C21D5E07B5F593487B6F0C456B2540" italics="true">Glessula ponsiensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BD8E05CFEA35D3B6E1207FB2190F01BB" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BD825C5F08DFBC6C421A9CD0349EE1EE" type="description">
<paragraph id="3C266917A114F25BCC81758E9077977C">
<figureCitation id="CFBF3D4429BFCA4ED8BE8A8B60A329E2" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. A Glessula orophila, specimen NHMUK ex. Blanford collection from Mahableshwar B, C Glessula peguensis, specimen NHMUK 1909.3. 15.8 from Thyet-Myo D, E Glessula perlevis, syntypes NHMUK 1906.5. 5.89 from Shan Hills, Burma F Glessula ponsiensis, syntypes NHMUK 1989042 from Ponsee." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104508">Figs 10 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2E9EC63B21A02C660F298797DB8DBBA7" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. A, B Glessula ponsiensis A syntypes NHMUK 1989043 from Ponsee and B specimen NHMUK 1912.4. 16.747 from Ponsee, Yunnan C E Glessula woodthorpei, syntypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1628 from Shan States F Glessula yuangensis, holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1312 from Yuang Ha, Shan States." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104509">11 A, B</figureCitation>
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<paragraph id="C5CE8E4E03975334E8DB5BC283432A92">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="0BF87D689283BE5D82DD60700E84BF5F">
<treatmentCitation id="EE29C52AD71A13A4F5B892FFBBB745CE" author="Nevill G" page="169" year="1878">
<taxonomicName id="C15A45C5EE8B7207E64CD9AF84CC8DC2" ID-CoL="8ZFKQ" authority="Nevill, 1878: 169" authorityName="Nevill" authorityPageNumber="169" authorityYear="1878" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="pyramis" subGenus="Glessula" variety="major">
<emphasis id="FC29C5162C24B777E76BE733656365A1" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="349EC34B2D7E06E7E5DC34C1F61ADD90" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="37A3C788CA457346390D7E111CB768D6" italics="true">pyramis var. major</emphasis>
<comment id="9C1EE1760F70388AE56A205D4BD98028">
<bibRefCitation id="10E8286FAC4DEE2AAF37931F2119DD2D" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11957" author="Nevill G" journalOrPublisher="Indian Museum, Calcutta" refId="B69" refString="Nevill G (1878) Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda. Indian Museum, Calcutta, 338 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11957" title="Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda." year="1878">Nevill, 1878: 169</bibRefCitation>
[nomen nudum]. Type locality: Ponsee.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D62DA8A9BB6466794B735C8EB164CB4F">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="EFFB802EB957EB09C1A564F5A83A20A5">
<taxonomicName id="79E73E1A1FBC545351589E1F31D5480A" ID-CoL="7RFKY" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ponsiensis">
<emphasis id="0C41555FCC2D62E0E65D932517FA8258" italics="true">Glessula ponsiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="15A21C058E2850EB331F4F8FB3C17AEE">
<treatmentCitation id="1C4CDB7E97C7887E3DE28C6642151B0A" author="Godwin-Austen HH" page="56" year="1920">
<bibRefCitation id="A7979D78477AE39D701BFE157A556BA7" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920: 56</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 164, fig. 19. Type locality: Ponsee,
<collectingRegion id="C4FBA288B547DA43C347853DF696E6F2" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDZAK" type="Type specimens">
<paragraph id="B71351886F8E3F45766B9BAB7EAADD57">
<heading id="89CB9C049C2C00394B1EA901A346720F" reason="title">Type specimens.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B0209912FF4B42A03555AC70838294C">
<emphasis id="31DE5E73867AEFE05F7CD592242CAD3C" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="859F10A465EF77F51580217A82748302" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<named-content id="01919FC1D6511F5EDCBABF1B0E2B4568" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="D2B916E913987AF19093D4E39A26A42E" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1989042 (1 shell; Fig.
<figureCitation id="7913B4882FE6CE46593A776828EEBF9C" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. A Glessula orophila, specimen NHMUK ex. Blanford collection from Mahableshwar B, C Glessula peguensis, specimen NHMUK 1909.3. 15.8 from Thyet-Myo D, E Glessula perlevis, syntypes NHMUK 1906.5. 5.89 from Shan Hills, Burma F Glessula ponsiensis, syntypes NHMUK 1989042 from Ponsee." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104508">10 F</figureCitation>
) and
<named-content id="45F9E34674F497A539527D8DA91D846A" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="4E6E25793D5A93C40C847794E9361E4E" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1989043 (3 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="C0B06E3701699127D32F71E57BD8C7A5" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. A, B Glessula ponsiensis A syntypes NHMUK 1989043 from Ponsee and B specimen NHMUK 1912.4. 16.747 from Ponsee, Yunnan C E Glessula woodthorpei, syntypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1628 from Shan States F Glessula yuangensis, holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1312 from Yuang Ha, Shan States." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104509">11 A</figureCitation>
), both specimen lots collected by J. Anderson from Ponsee.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EA1AK" type="material">
<paragraph id="2DE44AAD0A89F1AF733A0CFA1DB4ED45">
<heading id="6133B5CFE43C5A7383E3E246535EAAC2" reason="title">Other material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2B5B6FE971943177A2B3F3CFF408964D">
<named-content id="161A62E70AFC318E27B2AEB15A0212F6" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="E82DF5CC22E72953C34CBFB5B3ECBD0E" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1912.4. 16.747 (2 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="B58E87A465EACFDD07276A619CB6362B" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. A, B Glessula ponsiensis A syntypes NHMUK 1989043 from Ponsee and B specimen NHMUK 1912.4. 16.747 from Ponsee, Yunnan C E Glessula woodthorpei, syntypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1628 from Shan States F Glessula yuangensis, holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1312 from Yuang Ha, Shan States." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104509">11 B</figureCitation>
) ex. Beddome collection from Ponsee,
<collectingRegion id="303D7008C0A86A37E59D50DB070B8E87" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="CDDEF077ECA5CFEE8EC3599385A5F9AD" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure11" ID-arpha="EF10C7A6-8C41-5611-BE9F-84D6E320EC8D" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104509" startId="F11">
<paragraph id="D9154D0951A5086D06108F8825E3B464">
<label id="0AF8D9C9DF5CCA4C53272BF684067D11">Figure 11.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F7B4E925E0B9A77731E4C8F40C669852">
<emphasis id="A152E5D5C2ACE990FBA10FE2F1EBAAA6" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6E5C1C1D9C75CCD98DCEFB4A32B35679" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ponsiensis">
<emphasis id="260389FD6E419D462A86886012717C23" italics="true">Glessula ponsiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="9BDC112BC5F201790CB28C344398D61C" bold="true">A</emphasis>
syntypes
<named-content id="834AEC17EDC32140BF821A2A225BB0A2" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1989043 from Ponsee and
<emphasis id="B7B555DC51BDEF3696E79684BE923CDF" bold="true">B</emphasis>
specimen
<named-content id="5BC8BC8FDAB76C5D4201B95151B5CDFD" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1912.4. 16.747 from Ponsee, Yunnan
<emphasis id="D77FE91EE91B0A9F5147326E2569FA2A" bold="true">C E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="47A813454F991515EB5027A6D93FC020" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="woodthorpei">
<emphasis id="873BDFB24FD7B1698582DF135B44BD0C" italics="true">Glessula woodthorpei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, syntypes
<named-content id="2D2286117AD0E42EDBED3765252DD5BC" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1903.7. 1.1628 from Shan States
<emphasis id="052A21D00477DBD9277DB2A42A8C3016" bold="true">F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B83ABBF696C4B1D2739C6BCEE87C4241" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="yuangensis">
<emphasis id="0CBD1D386D7FC0B1C727B1CAADFAF938" italics="true">Glessula yuangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotype
<named-content id="D7D4F11443C8477A919F3A9810ADA67D" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1903.7. 1.1312 from Yuang Ha, Shan States.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E23AK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="AE68F53790182477B7F7132420593883">
<heading id="35437B947B712FE15388F817FF28E9E5" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8FCDF3AB3A8C48061E80AED4EA9F5DCE">Shell oblong turreted and regularly attenuated; spire high conical; apex rounded and blunt; subsequent whorls nearly smooth with fine growth lines, and strong, equally spaced radial ridges near suture. Suture impressed and whorls slightly convex. Aperture ovate; columella strong, concave, and truncated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EA4AK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="3C9E8841DDC334F90955D053A2FDAA1D">
<heading id="E059B44AB7A60C9FBA3FD70D42BE04D9" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E74D6626626301745C1BDFD27E6EB19B">
<taxonomicName id="E447B5BDFC234097C59BDDA9C7B9B2DB" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ponsiensis">
<emphasis id="B0D03471FD01CC1FA8AA0183E8098E4B" italics="true">Glessula ponsiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was first described from Ponsee,
<collectingRegion id="877A1081CE722D6AB025E57935BCB32A" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
, and later discovered in Bhamao,
<collectingRegion id="5AED9718E1695A85A9EAAA5893FADCA1" country="Myanmar" name="Kachin">Kachin State</collectingRegion>
, situated on the upper part of
<collectingRegion id="FD95371FEBB2D7FA95773C1663408FE9" country="Myanmar" name="Ayeyawady">Ayeyarwady</collectingRegion>
River.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ER4AK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="35A781EAE97135016A4B855B3E6F0AA4">
<heading id="9DA5F8E7CE1311966A915121D3B2BCB0" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F80FF7268D8A854BB5C9996103ED649">
The original description included a set of shell measurements and an illustration of the apex.
<bibRefCitation id="76F261EAAC518636982E93FDA881F106" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="56" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen (1920: 56)</bibRefCitation>
clearly states that this species was described based on specimens from the Indian Museum collection (now Zoological Survey of
<collectingCountry id="929A96C32870455C965EEF60E58A2677" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
(
<collectionCode id="57854E34E08F1A359026FCAE6F4B9F0D">ZSI</collectionCode>
), Kolkata) collected by J. Anderson from Ponsee, which was misidentified as
<taxonomicName id="F3FBB29505E2F9DBD61E9EAE3C372BDF" authority="Bs." authorityName="Bs." class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pyramis" subGenus="Glessula">
<emphasis id="914981F2FEECBB8EE99C95BC97062BBD" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="FD92E08D23815A7F1EAAFE9A25E0F1DD" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B84B2E6816DBF0EE0C02323E2968BC14" italics="true">pyramis</emphasis>
Bs.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="C5CC666B892CE43DDB1A7B2F3685C9BE" authority="Nevill, 1878" authorityName="Nevill" authorityYear="1878" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="pyramis" variety="major">
var.
<emphasis id="CF0355C605E0403EF6226105E2B47C23" italics="true">major</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3944966FA4134E342BEED738BE544AB1" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11957" author="Nevill G" journalOrPublisher="Indian Museum, Calcutta" refId="B69" refString="Nevill G (1878) Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda. Indian Museum, Calcutta, 338 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11957" title="Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda." year="1878">Nevill, 1878</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. The name
<taxonomicName id="0FD9C10CA7C7FCEDB13F11B8201996D4" authorityName="Nevill" authorityYear="1878" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="pyramis" variety="major">
var.
<emphasis id="9424D25BECCFA6BEF3994D110092E019" italics="true">major</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="97D44BE5B67162728ABDA71CB0993858" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11957" author="Nevill G" firstAuthor="Nevill" journalOrPublisher="Indian Museum, Calcutta" page="169" refId="B69" refString="Nevill G (1878) Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda. Indian Museum, Calcutta, 338 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11957" title="Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda." year="1878">Nevill (1878: 169)</bibRefCitation>
is unavailable (
<collectionCode id="32190037FA0169AFAC0104515D590726">ICZN</collectionCode>
1999: Art. 12). Under the note of the species, Godwin-Austen states, I am fortunate in getting the type-shells for examination. It seemed that he received on loan the type specimen (or specimens that were examined by
<bibRefCitation id="19BDB3CD0DDE534E0D354168568A237A" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11957" author="Nevill G" firstAuthor="Nevill" journalOrPublisher="Indian Museum, Calcutta" page="169" refId="B69" refString="Nevill G (1878) Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda. Indian Museum, Calcutta, 338 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11957" title="Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda." year="1878">Nevill (1878: 169 ))</bibRefCitation>
. The
<named-content id="FCB0156B6E3F22440584E402970C4879" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="F152759B0221342BA261F47EC858AED0" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
type collections contain a specimen lot with two registration numbers, M 10905 / 2 and 10906 / 2, which are ex-Indian Museum collection numbers where the original label states
<taxonomicName id="288C0DD2E4662244EF42AA56225B8EF8" authority="Benson" authorityName="Benson" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pyramis" subGenus="Glessula">
<emphasis id="4746216F57DCC46B28EAAB8055E86BB9" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="E1EB43306F70E23F03441BCEFA058F48" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="DEC1F888D420E54D05781F337064B170" italics="true">pyramis</emphasis>
Benson
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="53CEA88B26FE20CAE490A7C9038E2B6A" authorityName="Nevill" authorityYear="1878" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="pyramis" variety="major">
var.
<emphasis id="786890ECDFE65AF818C89FDADD98CE3E" italics="true">major</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, collection of Dr. J. Anderson and with collection locality from Ponsee. Interestingly, a species-group name was struck through and rewritten with red ink by Godwin-Austen, handwritten as
<taxonomicName id="64EE9E6BB8EAC6BEF7524AD2A360C9BB" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ponsiensis">
<emphasis id="9284BC6B9A7B8C40E496DCEE84D5CA04" italics="true">ponsiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, G-A. and with Type and three other one takes for
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0EMABK" xlink_title="used in old labels for the British Museum">
<collectionCode id="1CD36256B5CAD0AF593F0D8DE3462659">B</collectionCode>
. M
</abbrev>
. . It is probable that these specimens were presented to Godwin-Austen for examination. The specimen
<named-content id="D8194CB53CED24F76C54636CA52D6B46" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="35EB413221954CEE5E295D5D8642A106" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1989042 (1 shell has blue wool inside the shell; Fig.
<figureCitation id="CC566C8D851063102A5EA17DD413DA82" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. A Glessula orophila, specimen NHMUK ex. Blanford collection from Mahableshwar B, C Glessula peguensis, specimen NHMUK 1909.3. 15.8 from Thyet-Myo D, E Glessula perlevis, syntypes NHMUK 1906.5. 5.89 from Shan Hills, Burma F Glessula ponsiensis, syntypes NHMUK 1989042 from Ponsee." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104508">10 F</figureCitation>
) has a subsequent label stating holotype, and
<named-content id="E162F8A943A740126B31AD3C565FD198" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="0F5BE3025717298E7D1DDA8E812CD6EA" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1989043 (3 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="647B92D24E5F951F8D00644D3F9B9171" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. A, B Glessula ponsiensis A syntypes NHMUK 1989043 from Ponsee and B specimen NHMUK 1912.4. 16.747 from Ponsee, Yunnan C E Glessula woodthorpei, syntypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1628 from Shan States F Glessula yuangensis, holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1312 from Yuang Ha, Shan States." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104509">11 A</figureCitation>
) originates from the same Nevill type lot and has a subsequent label stating paratypes. This is not a valid
<typeStatus id="6658BC6011DE51ED03E098F931636974" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
designation (
<collectionCode id="D84E205B44651E7B79E326D238A4430B">ICZN</collectionCode>
1999: Arts 73.1, 73.2 and Recommendation 73 F) and these specimens are considered as the
<typeStatus id="C45A0C8A881AAFB913266B8D1E74D27F" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
, illustrated herein for the first time.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
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<mods:namePart id="4B62EDA32BF91D9EEA4161C458FB147D">Man, Nem Sian</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E755EE092264B90389A3CC6EBD9AE154" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4453-734X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="8340CB3553589E3629E6EA7D559C0C83">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand &amp; Department of Zoology, University of Yangon, University Avenue Road, Kamayut Township 11041, Yangon, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="681182B18A205EA148103192128ACA9A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F565E20F703FB9441E066F1E90F196DB">
<mods:roleTerm id="A5A706921CDA33B1CCFAE57A2E440477">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F5F8D77A15E16349815B0CDF06A56575">Ablett, Jonathan D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="587C133148D1F3EC4E08A8FE9C86AE2A" type="ORCID">0000-0002-7277-1934</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="D7D5A2BB9B362699C0BC734F6A883D52">Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5AE22A0FD55097B9BDD4D157A5EE5A2C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="88113751D37D9A1105F2ED7806924B2B">
<mods:roleTerm id="1FDB06051D45588FE42910077F37E122">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="463986B23B303E6EE79845C16F9533F0">Lwin, Ngwe</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9B1E3E9A66C4DA7137C137E7FF991725" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4394-3741</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="32599E717A508F2A06F2997B018E7E16">Fauna and Flora International, No. 35, 3 rd Floor, Shan Gone Condo, Myay Ni Gone Market Street, Sanchaung Township, Yangon, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="735DA2435865E77EE284B47BEF4DA05D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="A9CBE7E25D1C53F924D97122549930BE">
<mods:roleTerm id="97D5ECA0CD8F6A8D9951A8683F3861EC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="ABBFCE28A4297FD276A0B25E1B8DC5AB">Sutcharit, Chirasak</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="921CBDAA8AA395E93044E82ABAB04C38" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7670-9540</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="BE914FC34CE22A9143FD40A71D3CCB13">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="2D36F6CE92086317148645FB04737B7B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="0EE040833365722716FA61AA3951D23D">
<mods:roleTerm id="4AEEE30C1B22D8B4149CE3ECEFB8EBB0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C16641012ECC506806EB3A5BA9D887F4">Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0074CEF76C25C3692040813486683CD4" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4431-2458</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B09CB07A08D3B25EE762F9BFF26913D7">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand &amp; Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="533AF5B817D5CEEFE8BAF7AF4D784475">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:part id="6EC7D1E4BEA13153AABA877BFCF9080C">
<mods:date id="B461AD551B5A9C35C61DC35E0FC65EE3">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="0F6444C7D410A143ACEBCA3D37CE57C1" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="8522F5AAF3F41E10A21579C45DE3710D">2024-07-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6F22B8C8EADE8B5CCB1BC782B0BD7C7D">1208</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="817FC4161E9AD0DE3F0D7837229A6BF8" unit="page">
<mods:start id="BE1C64DF8666AD72276BEFCD7D7F1F05">173</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="51EDA9820E875F5F4DFED238F758EB74" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="463520FE7348CFF7B546676A95E38774" type="ZooBank">0215503D-E8B4-4179-89F6-FB2CCC59F37E</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="81E1FEF21A0757D0996CED92B8B7204D" ID-arpha="81E1FEF2-1A07-57D0-996C-ED92B8B7204D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:81E1FEF21A0757D0996CED92B8B7204D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/81E1FEF21A0757D0996CED92B8B7204D">
<subSubSection id="11F10946E61F8FD8C189EC95C986A83E" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="E2F63C2BA7564ED07DAF3AA45A1C5E13">
<heading id="1D21CF7D119261A00045D87DBA8E33AC" reason="label">24</heading>
<taxonomicName id="08CEF75A300518BA35909C939B5A9758" authority="(Theobald, 1870)" baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="terebralis">
<emphasis id="BB1F3C44E0BB8D6D8AF9A8C1B0BCDADF" italics="true">Paropeas terebralis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F9DACF98C8DE0BAAED385BF153B8D470" author="Theobald W" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="395-402" refId="B105" refString="Theobald W (1870) Descriptions of some new land shells from the Shan States and Pegu. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 39 (1): 395 - 402." title="Descriptions of some new land shells from the Shan States and Pegu." volume="39" year="1870">Theobald, 1870</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5911F0191C4679464AF2AC66AE6B2BC7" type="description">
<paragraph id="20EAE13E72E1613D4BEFD36433A74BD3">
<figureCitation id="163043604BB73A20D8B51CE5CC484FFD" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. A C Opeas filiforme A lectotype SMF 227532 from Gulf von Siam: Samui-Inseln B, C specimen CUMZ 13074 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar D Paropeas swettenhami, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38930 from Malacca E Paropeas tchehelense, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38932 from Pérak, Mont Tchéhèl F Paropeas terebralis, syntype NHMUK 1888.12. 4.1081 from Shan States, Burma G, H Paropeas turricula G syntypes NHMUK 1859.8. 1.10 from Siam and H specimen CUMZ 13076 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar I L Paropeas walkeri I syntypes UMZC I. 103115. A from Andaman Island (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 56 e) J specimen NHMUK 1885.2. 18.1318 from Viper Id. Andamans K specimen CUMZ 13077 from Taunggyi Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture and L specimen CUMZ 13078 from Kalaw Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture. Photographs: V Gojšina &amp; B Páll-Gergely (A), P Bourguignon (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104510">Fig. 12 F</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0650DB4918C97DA1BFB71697B0CAC7B" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="4951763320AF06A81BE17C49BB42B102">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BF950D6F6DED2F63DEEF6563796B432A">
<treatmentCitation id="A38A5518DFC36A833B3E61099E167216" author="Theobald W" page="401" year="1870">
<taxonomicName id="F4DA4B77ED4017D99CDCFE6E7A3CE40C" authority="Theobald, 1870: 401" authorityName="Theobald" authorityPageNumber="401" authorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="terebralis" subGenus="Opeas">
<emphasis id="5C2109EB4F1C954482305EF16C188611" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="CFACE074CF3F3AEDE12E125DF64CBC6D" italics="true">Opeas</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="EBC272F09E1D5F10E2A78E59CBC4661D" italics="true">terebralis</emphasis>
<comment id="2387A3852A6EB50B1745016458A1C6E5">
<bibRefCitation id="241F8E32733B75B9776345A4E2373244" author="Theobald W" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="395-402" refId="B105" refString="Theobald W (1870) Descriptions of some new land shells from the Shan States and Pegu. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 39 (1): 395 - 402." title="Descriptions of some new land shells from the Shan States and Pegu." volume="39" year="1870">Theobald, 1870: 401</bibRefCitation>
. Type locality:
<collectingRegion id="523F2D70D28A3635312EC4BBED212DA4" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan</collectingRegion>
States [
<collectingRegion id="FF57D77F3500E8A2F88306ADFDFAEE79" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="70823E6372D46913ED13FA119BFB55E9" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
].
<treatmentCitation id="005E9A0FA1E0DFB17A2042A0B069E16A" author="Nevill G" page="166" year="1878">
<bibRefCitation id="3CB0D6FA8EE8A9C1B840D923C0DD34ED" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11957" author="Nevill G" firstAuthor="Nevill" journalOrPublisher="Indian Museum, Calcutta" page="166" refId="B69" refString="Nevill G (1878) Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda. Indian Museum, Calcutta, 338 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11957" title="Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda." year="1878">Nevill 1878: 166</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="1DF2A885D80068906D259CD4738F65B3" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" page="321" year="1881">
<bibRefCitation id="186A982DF68A2876B81EE2A6189F2BA1" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" journalOrPublisher="Kassel, Fischer" page="321" refId="B82" refString="Pfeiffer L, Clessin S (1881) Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali. Kassel, Fischer, 617 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" title="Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" year="1881">Pfeiffer and Clessin 1881: 321</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E91801AACBC4B45A082D3D2677E89446">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="544ADA86198FF372AA85C2004B2E8A30">
<taxonomicName id="7789F320C99F4BEC08CE7EEE239B2D4D" authorityName="L. Pfeiffer" authorityYear="1843" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bulimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="terebralis" subGenus="Stenogyra">
<emphasis id="6A1F8B42FD4F496FFFFBBC63604C5B90" italics="true">Bulimus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="519389104CC69607B87D272259580811" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="19AE14410824037089A1A1808FCCEDAC" italics="true">terebralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="CDAA5624AC8C6C9BBD83C495932E8871">
<treatmentCitation id="BB8220DE5867DE92A0703D459F71AEA7" author="Pfeiffer L" page="133" year="1876">
<bibRefCitation id="5467EB23817DDCCE6344F59CBED6C075" author="Pfeiffer L" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" page="133" refId="B81" refString="Pfeiffer L (1876) [18761877] Monographia Heliceorum Viventium: sistens descriptiones systematicas et criticas omnium huius familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum. Volumen Octavum. Lipsiae: F. A. Brockhaus, 729 pp. [pp 1480 (1876); pp 481729 (1877)] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47348" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47348" year="1876">Pfeiffer 1876: 133</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6962ABC631D457F1CAF1F72B4A303A66">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B65CAAC6FA5AC37CEAAF77BF2E0AF0A9">
<taxonomicName id="AAEC0666C51A711C75E2EE7FDA41F58A" baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Prosopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="terebrale">
<emphasis id="191FB0D1AC19302F09A2B35D41ADBB30" italics="true">Prosopeas terebrale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="393CF36601C0842D0E1E6085E5DED937">
<treatmentCitation id="AB532DF04A50EEE20ACE1B36183B1F41" author="Pilsbry HA" page="31" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="5A9EAF111115141042E9E31D779DC3BD" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" page="31" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906: 31</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="10A7BCA2DE2A132EAC523F274EBDF9FE" author="Gude GK" page="363" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="0E44776E4F6E760E027E6B827533F7A0" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="363" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 363</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BA0E76A6715FBF6564671D7BFF6E79C0">
<tp_taxon-name id="D307B517296FC4C5C5F011E7253A27DA">
<emphasis id="3E20745832FD1836112CD3ACFBBB0CF5" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="8DB9F55631AC032A6E38E773E1905D4A" reg="Paraopeas" taxon-name-part-type="genus">Paraopeas</tp_taxon-name-part>
<tp_taxon-name-part id="90FB966DAB10820795E095E9EFF24C13" reg="terebrali" taxon-name-part-type="species">terebrali</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
<comment id="863045A9C0528A1BA255C5A902CA7C85">
s —
<bibRefCitation id="55A352BB3A61794A5EF2DF1E5E478647" DOI="10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" author="Naggs F" firstAuthor="Naggs" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Molluscan Studies" page="188" pagination="175-191" refId="B65" refString="Naggs F (1994) The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae). The Journal of Molluscan Studies 60 (2): 175191. https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" title="The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae)." volume="60" year="1994">Naggs 1994: 188</bibRefCitation>
.
</comment>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E1QCK" type="Type specimen">
<paragraph id="9C9263A4D9C726AACE50A82B99D16C7B">
<heading id="043C2E9AFA51683CEFDCF1F872EB4C8E" reason="title">Type specimen.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3623C8CEE35C90709AE4036FA3B5F4FB">
<emphasis id="775955C3AE8718E0B4CA4AFF850918D2" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="9B3830BFC92B16187DF7C4D9D34B03EE" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<named-content id="B9B6672B9C8CD13A91E31702E6E4E680" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="3D20C607C867B3A9672765D3BBCB367C" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1888.12. 4.1081 (1 shell; Fig.
<figureCitation id="F392E75DD34364B45C1191667F7EE907" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. A C Opeas filiforme A lectotype SMF 227532 from Gulf von Siam: Samui-Inseln B, C specimen CUMZ 13074 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar D Paropeas swettenhami, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38930 from Malacca E Paropeas tchehelense, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38932 from Pérak, Mont Tchéhèl F Paropeas terebralis, syntype NHMUK 1888.12. 4.1081 from Shan States, Burma G, H Paropeas turricula G syntypes NHMUK 1859.8. 1.10 from Siam and H specimen CUMZ 13076 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar I L Paropeas walkeri I syntypes UMZC I. 103115. A from Andaman Island (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 56 e) J specimen NHMUK 1885.2. 18.1318 from Viper Id. Andamans K specimen CUMZ 13077 from Taunggyi Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture and L specimen CUMZ 13078 from Kalaw Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture. Photographs: V Gojšina &amp; B Páll-Gergely (A), P Bourguignon (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104510">12 F</figureCitation>
) ex. Theobald collection from
<collectingRegion id="78177145CB126C9D33EBECE3BFBD9504" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan</collectingRegion>
States,
<collectingCountry id="16F95E989E776313F4AC93EB77BD5E27" name="Myanmar">Burma</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EORCK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F005A5B2C01AD6BBEF453373F061C173">
<heading id="68753E7C7A7CA5CC011BA70EC63739B4" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E1A8CC0DBA2A7792A2009A300B702B0B">Shell slender, elongate turreted and rapidly attenuated; apex obtuse; subsequent whorls coarse with dense growth lines throughout. Suture wide and shallow, and whorls slightly convex. Aperture elongate ovate and narrow; columella curved; peristome little acute.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ETRCK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7D8F558514431664C46D6B6778CC5773">
<heading id="6107CD84AF778DD47FEAB9A2A0164404" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D95213D469BA0EB78BAECAF1F13E39B">This species is only known from the type locality.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EYRCK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="F72B954899D454F176FCA762A100C4C2">
<heading id="862DAD71882A5718196E7706EE8DAA9A" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B38D3B397863D75383D1C04514FEBB6">
No recent material of this species was collected in this survey, and the
<typeStatus id="839260299ABF337936B969512C9B6003" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
is illustrated here for the first time.
<bibRefCitation id="9E99394984F1EE804D932E67469F1AD5" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude (1914)</bibRefCitation>
recognised this species as belonging to the
<taxonomicName id="FBD866B7251CEE988A4E96B6D77D44FB" authorityName="Morch" authorityYear="1876" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Prosopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2D07CBE190593A73B6E8B6C1AC4ED103" italics="true">Prosopeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but
<bibRefCitation id="F7BF579C46514CB47BF55A5E1490C3CB" DOI="10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" author="Naggs F" firstAuthor="Naggs" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Molluscan Studies" pagination="175-191" refId="B65" refString="Naggs F (1994) The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae). The Journal of Molluscan Studies 60 (2): 175191. https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" title="The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae)." volume="60" year="1994">Naggs (1994)</bibRefCitation>
provisionally transferred this species to the
<taxonomicName id="95AA46792E5233E0562F870886AED85C" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1906" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D8B5FB760FEA51D60CFF4192AC8E3E9D" italics="true">Paropeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
after comparing it with the type specimen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A7CA70C990A315DEB01657D5FAE45F6D">
<taxonomicName id="85A9AAE93766C83870FD470F01C8AA2A" baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="terebralis">
<emphasis id="EDA6870D689467BCB834A746AE768232" italics="true">Paropeas terebralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="EA50FE187A6F786E27AEDAAA8D3595D5" authorityName="de Morgan" authorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="swettenhami">
<emphasis id="1C63F6C0993D4887699054B55234329E" italics="true">P. swettenhami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its broader and more rounded embryonic whorls, deeper suture and slightly convex whorls, and coarse shell surface with dense growth lines. Whereas
<taxonomicName id="742461DC72B54E937841D5C313B762BF" authorityName="de Morgan" authorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="swettenhami">
<emphasis id="044B32521B873E6EC95FF081E34B2062" italics="true">P. swettenhami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses narrower and pointed embryonic whorls, shallower suture and flattened whorls, and shell surface with dense and fine radial striae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
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<paragraph id="F727A0EA0540B5FC50FB96253C42D7A8">
<heading id="24886C38793D4975C62AEDECB2D191F1" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="0739944B5239B70964F70FB24DDBF7CE" authority="Westerlund, 1887" authorityName="Westerlund" authorityYear="1887" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Zootecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="071AD9D31041D4E74BA5318D7F1F8BAE" italics="true">Zootecus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7BD12A00E71FAE177B6792C316145228" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.10301" author="Westerlund CA" journalOrPublisher="Lund, Hakan Ohlsson" refId="B122" refString="Westerlund CA (1887) Fauna der in der palaarctischen Region, lebenden Binnenconchylien. III. Gen. Buliminus, Sesteria, Pupa, Stenogyra &amp; Cionella. Lund, Hakan Ohlsson, 183 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10301" title="Fauna der in der paläarctischen Region, lebenden Binnenconchylien. III. Gen. Buliminus, Sesteria, Pupa, Stenogyra &amp; Cionella." year="1887">Westerlund, 1887</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitation id="208DCB6707148708DDA60E905AE047E6" author="Westerlund CA" page="75" year="1887">
<taxonomicName id="A57D1CCF0D1572724A6CF9CA1193EA82" ID-CoL="7PLG9" authority="Westerlund, 1887: 75" authorityName="Westerlund" authorityPageNumber="75" authorityYear="1887" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Zootecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7068E14FE321638D3FF4AC23FC1C6831" italics="true">Zootecus</emphasis>
<comment id="54FBEE4FC1153D5777934D8DB71D369A">
<bibRefCitation id="CA4E171111339A3B6B4A56502414EFED" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.10301" author="Westerlund CA" journalOrPublisher="Lund, Hakan Ohlsson" refId="B122" refString="Westerlund CA (1887) Fauna der in der palaarctischen Region, lebenden Binnenconchylien. III. Gen. Buliminus, Sesteria, Pupa, Stenogyra &amp; Cionella. Lund, Hakan Ohlsson, 183 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10301" title="Fauna der in der paläarctischen Region, lebenden Binnenconchylien. III. Gen. Buliminus, Sesteria, Pupa, Stenogyra &amp; Cionella." year="1887">Westerlund, 1887: 75</bibRefCitation>
. Kobelt 1902: 1022, 1032.
<treatmentCitation id="71462ECB4AA010ECEF4BCDB948B20384" author="von Martens E" page="103" year="1895">
<bibRefCitation id="44103DBAF9E4695CD3B68422767393F2" author="von Martens E" firstAuthor="von Martens" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Archiv für Naturgeschichte" page="103" pagination="103-108" refId="B116" refString="von Martens E (1895) Die gattung Cylindrus Fitz. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 61 (1): 103108. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47791" title="Die gattung Cylindrus Fitz." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47791" volume="61" year="1895">von Martens 1895: 103</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="AEEE93D50CEAEB35F3E4D470D9274CB6" author="Pilsbry HA" page="104" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="74733587A56D85C1CC1344D74E66949F" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" page="104" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906: 104</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="D86FA30E092F64A070C66EAC6C8DD6B2" author="Gude GK" page="366" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="96F8F9A31B3636C8C0C1C44EA23F3099" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="366" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 366</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="83EB758F7B688486FE9BD4A0F5AE8B00" author="Zilch A" page="355" year="1959">
<bibRefCitation id="BBD6AB3E4A7688F99B97CA0EEF7B67F8" author="Zilch A" editor="Schindewolf OH" firstAuthor="Zilch" journalOrPublisher="Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin" page="355" pagination="201-400" refId="B124" refString="Zilch A (1959) Gastropoda, Euthyneura. In: Schindewolf OH (Ed.) Handbuch der Paläozoologie, Band 6, Gastropoda. Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin, 201400." title="Gastropoda, Euthyneura." volumeTitle="Handbuch der Paläozoologie, Band 6, Gastropoda." year="1959">Zilch 1959: 355</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="08B9C4E24534593C3E88421928503F9C" author="Schileyko AA" page="519" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="41D8D214849CAE76B0A08D58EA288E38" author="Schileyko AA" firstAuthor="Schileyko" page="519" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko 1999: 519</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 678.
<treatmentCitation id="B1CAA09D4A4E5D364DB3D83106372E89" author="Neubert E" page="154" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="1C4AE4E63E4673C68B2D19FE7E9B8468" DOI="10.1127/arch.moll/132/2003/153" author="Neubert E" firstAuthor="Neubert" page="154" refId="B66" refString="Neubert E (2003) The continental malacofauna of Arabia and adjacent areas. II. The genus Zootecus Westerlund, 1887. Archiv für Molluskenkunde der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 132 (1 / 2): 153160. https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/132/2003/153" year="2003">Neubert 2003: 154</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="506465830FCCF5218E2589D3010D4EF5">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="1AE5AAFACD12AF5A7399A54006ADC015">
<taxonomicName id="31BFB63E81DB7F7CA316E6F5B8B025DB" ID-CoL="BGLCL" authorityName="Jousseaume" authorityYear="1889" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Obeliscella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1FC8BF8CCE517A3A5145087CDFDE7C51" italics="true">Obeliscella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="CC39C44727C25CCBB28B5BA01A1F46C4">
<treatmentCitation id="36C47C2D20774F5AD53B5B0F8907606C" author="Jousseaume F" page="359" year="1889">
<bibRefCitation id="11F3DF7C176EF35F5DAE1A06502A2D45" author="Jousseaume F" journalOrPublisher="Bulletins de la Société Malacologique de France" pagination="345-362" refId="B50" refString="Jousseaume F (1889) Especes nouvelles des environs dAden suivies dun apercu sur la faune malagologique de la Peninsule Arabique. Bulletins de la Societe Malacologique de France 6: 345 - 362. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 16141631" title="Espèces nouvelles des environs ďAden suivies ďun aperçu sur la faune malagologique de la Péninsule Arabique." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16141631" volume="6" year="1889">Jousseaume, 1889: 359</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="24DF35068C8585508356BF01B209FF39">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="2929D29596B3CDE28A7CBE1061ACD41A">
<taxonomicName id="731BF8182113A068CE9A19F4CF2A3ECF" ID-CoL="BG9JB" authorityName="Jousseaume" authorityYear="1894" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Chilogymnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BBE294E01DE07C4784857C3056227332" italics="true">Chilogymnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="E4FDF19030D1FB83453177299902F97C">
<treatmentCitation id="07E1E96DFF104CEE57BE1590ECAC1A6E" author="Jousseaume F" page="289" year="1894">
<bibRefCitation id="EC78D2777141F3C642E232150A45F48F" author="Jousseaume F" journalOrPublisher="Mémoires de la Société Zoologique de France" pagination="264-330" refId="B51" refString="Jousseaume F (1894) Mollusques recueillis a Ceylan par M. E. Simon, et revision generale des especes terrestres et fluvio-lacustres de cette ile. Memoires de la Societe Zoologique de France 7: 264 - 330. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 36340927" title="Mollusques recueillis à Ceylan par M. E. Simon, et révision générale des espèces terrestres et fluvio-lacustres de cette ile." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/36340927" volume="7" year="1894">Jousseaume, 1894: 289</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EJ1GK" type="type species">
<paragraph id="67F8CDBB8876737288E3042190D216A8">
<heading id="364D2126E54E02AC939113C53620BE5B" reason="title">Type species.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6341215CFF20A5382C3CBC3B66083C1B">
<taxonomicName id="607FDA1C84C55F71687E10105EB36134" authority="Ehrenberg, 1831" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1831" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Pupa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="492DD64F474C00363D06474A5BCB1FF7" italics="true">Pupa insularis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="68AFEAB3011F7276750D2CE3B1D6C6E0" author="Ehrenberg CG" refId="B31" refString="Ehrenberg CG (1831) Animalia evertebrata. Symbolae physicae seu icones et descriptiones naturalium novorum aut minus cognitorum quae ex itineribus Lybiam Aegyptum Nubiam Dongalam Syriam Arabiam et Habessinian. Pars Zoologica. Abhandlungen der deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften. 4: (unpaginated). https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 48517192" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48517192" year="1831">Ehrenberg, 1831</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, subsequent designation by Kobelt (1902: 1022).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E11GK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="1FF2299ABE84957C2201238F52CB05D3">
<heading id="4C5362136AB20139533A8BDE4AB4ECCF" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E16F980A986FDF6FF57158E89F1F97A3">Shell pupiform; spire high, broad, cylindrical, and apex pointed; embryonic whorls smooth surface; subsequent whorls with irregularly dense, fine, coarse, or weak radial striations. Aperture oblique, broad, and oblong or rounded; columella straight. Penis long slender tube, and with slightly thickened wall and conical at base; vagina very much larger and muscularly thicker than male organ.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E61GK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="057877404C9CB5A88EC53BB0E2EF4837">
<heading id="F99E06D9356B6CF18E652A67E40D6A6E" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4672CACC0B450C5A95398A4564693235">
<taxonomicName id="FCB0456EBDE18443D68E3EA4AD7BAD5C" authorityName="Westerlund" authorityYear="1887" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Zootecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0C32FEDE2E4B294D2B3C7ED331674728" italics="true">Zootecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinctly distinguished from all subulinid taxa in
<collectingCountry id="7BFF3E9EABC8D7D68264CBC70E228176" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
by its pupiform shell, broad spire, straight columella, thickened whitish peristome, and irregular coarse striations (Table
<tableCitation id="2B1BC45ECD5456EBEA8C12558A50F447" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of shell morphology among subulinid genera recorded in Myanmar. The superscript numbers are references; 1 = Pilsbry (1906), 2 = Gude (1914), 3 = Godwin-Austen (1920), 4 = Naggs (1994), 5 = Schileyko (1999), and 6 = Budha et al. (2017)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7320BC8BE0D4AF3B31AE4617F5EE0127" tableUuid="7320BC8BE0D4AF3B31AE4617F5EE0127">2</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F8F28A70AEB09F9562D11D119257BD8F">
The genus is distributed from the
<collectingCountry id="23B82426384E2EF135D03C5748E33A7F" name="Cape Verde">Cabo Verde</collectingCountry>
Islands and the Sahara, extending eastwards to Arabia,
<collectingCountry id="CE7F7EC7C77B332CA0240B30D69B71B2" name="Socotra Island">Socotra Island</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="A8BB289AD9BDF918396E5CE15622A669" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
, and Southeast Asia (
<bibRefCitation id="6385323641F2D1306454EAF6D4697942" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="C861F02F3AE1074477A197E287B82DE5" author="Solem" firstAuthor="Solem" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zoologia Musei Hauniensis" pagination="1-110" refId="B99" refString="Solem A (1966) Some non-marine mollusks from Thailand. Spolia Zoologia Musei Hauniensis 24: 1110." title="Some non-marine mollusks from Thailand." volume="24" year="1966">Solem 1966</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="FDCE1C2420BD8FBB9297EB33DC169820" author="Schileyko" firstAuthor="Schileyko" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko 1999</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="4C4E130702F798FD6F7EC7CF0AB064D6" DOI="10.1127/arch.moll/132/2003/153" author="Neubert" firstAuthor="Neubert" refId="B66" refString="Neubert E (2003) The continental malacofauna of Arabia and adjacent areas. II. The genus Zootecus Westerlund, 1887. Archiv für Molluskenkunde der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 132 (1 / 2): 153160. https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/132/2003/153" year="2003">Neubert 2003</bibRefCitation>
). Currently, the genus consists of nine species, and two are known from
<collectingCountry id="A3869A51795CD50FF8C77F28A197C948" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="ED52F4EF0105605C1D29598B782B2A17" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AB0B6F64ADB95BDEDB2B29051588F12F" DOI="10.14284/448" author="MolluscaBase" firstAuthor="MolluscaBase" refId="B61" refString="MolluscaBase eds (2023) MolluscaBase. https://www.molluscabase.org [in 202307 17] https://doi.org/10.14284/448" url="https://www.molluscabase.org" year="2023">MolluscaBase 2023</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
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<mods:title id="2C3E3E936355CBC66CA996BBE859C87F">Contributions on a small collection of the former Subulinidae Fischer &amp; Crosse, 1877 (Eupulmonata, Achatinoidea) with catalogue of the Glessula and Rishetia species recorded from Myanmar</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="DFDAC822D65D9719002922B1A6CFB0AB">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="9A8FE9302EA75D4CBC51C955183488E8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13137130" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13137130" ID-arpha="9A8FE930-2EA7-5D4C-BC51-C955183488E8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9A8FE9302EA75D4CBC51C955183488E8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9A8FE9302EA75D4CBC51C955183488E8">
<subSubSection id="F6F98A930E027F41F061D833BC7D3CBB" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="23626A6CC4E719C670C5ECC8174FA4E1">
<heading id="B5D788883AACEA8F2C9EB5597D1D36A0" reason="label">20</heading>
<taxonomicName id="58F92503D1E34937F3E86C58C9251B4F" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1920" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="yuangensis">
<emphasis id="237ED4C53953430A994AEFAFFB68BF7A" italics="true">Glessula yuangensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="4FC2649531BB4D93BB532B1480608662" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4CFC9E20AAE8CFCA5EECD38FEF81251B" type="description">
<paragraph id="15F6928BEF5BFFD1BFEEF26B7BC4FF94">
<figureCitation id="F2F69C7343DB5BEE77832621087FA989" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. A, B Glessula ponsiensis A syntypes NHMUK 1989043 from Ponsee and B specimen NHMUK 1912.4. 16.747 from Ponsee, Yunnan C E Glessula woodthorpei, syntypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1628 from Shan States F Glessula yuangensis, holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1312 from Yuang Ha, Shan States." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104509">Fig. 11 F</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1A524CF709BBEEE0A82ECB5FBC9E5EEE" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="1AF45AC48BA6758B2AD9CA14A1ACDE48">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="87C2F855ED9B81AC79C643F588B51398">
<treatmentCitation id="EB28619AA2E54DFF0887EB0A4DB85743" author="Godwin-Austen HH" page="59" year="1920">
<taxonomicName id="45471CF380E86F93BA55D68D88399DD5" ID-CoL="7RFLV" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1920: 59" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityPageNumber="59" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="yuangensis">
<emphasis id="C6DD64738A8CEF013B245D21C1804387" italics="true">Glessula yuangensis</emphasis>
<comment id="BF17FB8B0504F267B06804366EAE3998">
<bibRefCitation id="2364682A800DBDD9F6F93F10D6AE2AFF" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920: 59</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 162, fig. 18. Type locality: Yuang Ha,
<collectingCountry id="972793722392A53B227923671F8F1605" name="Thailand">Siam</collectingCountry>
Boundary [Mong Yawng Township, Tachileik District,
<collectingRegion id="D6444B1646CB5FF8E32893E6F4FBA52C" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="708B87480B1033F43A8A0A07349D2071" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
].
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2GBK" type="Type specimen">
<paragraph id="8AAA918EDCE738B6252A5E8E4419D718">
<heading id="D333355457D1A5B719C3DDE61F522E7E" reason="title">Type specimen.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="12842D633653FF1556DA5F3DB933D5FE">
<materialsCitation id="68EE4B7181B7DF97E2CD1A9C509B096A" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="Woodthorpe" location="Shan" specimenCode="NHMUK 1903.7" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Shan" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="4B3708D28049B02FED7732F62E2B2252" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="C36BB67EB4F985EC27CC090C450AE6E4" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="9BF2F612AD67154B719321B6C16E5D0E" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">
<named-content id="23C991C4FB7E2FD004B1AF267482FAAD" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1903.7
</specimenCode>
. 1.1312 [re-registered in error as 1986052] (Fig.
<figureCitation id="58FCA4AEDE0D943E1BE8D49CB0EE0C68" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. A, B Glessula ponsiensis A syntypes NHMUK 1989043 from Ponsee and B specimen NHMUK 1912.4. 16.747 from Ponsee, Yunnan C E Glessula woodthorpei, syntypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1628 from Shan States F Glessula yuangensis, holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1312 from Yuang Ha, Shan States." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104509">11 F</figureCitation>
) collected by
<collectorName id="21DB7E5CBE148DBF80997BC893B4ED29">Woodthorpe</collectorName>
ex. Godwin-Austen collection from Yuang Ha,
<collectingRegion id="94B22E23B75BF742BE1F4AE5D23084DB" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan</collectingRegion>
States.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EPHBK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7CF519F2601C0384296E9F1569B24F7B">
<heading id="D9F4A3A0E3BFD03048C496B6D52E9DB6" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="09EAC112A1A9987DECAB60FB896D4F39">Shell oblong turreted and regularly attenuated; spire high conical; apex rounded and blunt; subsequent whorls with prominent wide spaced radial ribs, and radial groves present. Suture impressed and whorls slightly convex. Aperture ovate; columella strong, concave, and truncated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EUHBK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="5E0AFC438E0116C63B17BA0459DC4727">
<heading id="D773CE7C37B6136F7DF8A7994F5B3647" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="30AD75995515D264FC976CB6059634B8">The species is currently known only from its type locality.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZHBK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="8A7A03D1EE666FAAC7C0CE7A511369B7">
<heading id="4E4DB4405272CEE4D2ED8EF45A480551" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0E48AD3E4B6DB3B4BD9B4AB4F3503FB6">
Godwin-Austen clearly stated that this species was described based on only
<specimenCount id="2DCE2842D4331CCDFCF0B940140FA934" count="1" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
collected by R. Woodthorpe. The description included a set of shell dimensions and a shell illustration. There is one Godwin-Austen specimen lot,
<named-content id="C5AAE2B10DBF0B31DB5D8FF8C5DD0714" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="08B22B827A5C7429526CCDB511D22C3D" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1903.7. 1.1312, that has an original label stating Type and is from the Woodthorpe collection. We recognise this specimen as the
<typeStatus id="AC6D40942F57B9461441D59D2BD32AE3" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
fixed by monotypy. Additionally, Godwin-Austen seemed to consider another specimen lot, No. 1156
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0EEIBK" xlink_title="used in old labels for the British Museum">
<collectionCode id="62EE516EF1D42F4636E4AF5B94546B82">B</collectionCode>
. M
</abbrev>
. (
<named-content id="5E28F50F14FB552055AAD331CB666764" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="799E805C4D40E9B7A3F40EA6611BCDC3" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1903.7. 1.1156) from
<collectingRegion id="DA3FAF51174FAC35377DC2536E4FABCF" inferredBySuffix="true">Kentung State</collectingRegion>
[Kengtung Township,
<collectingRegion id="36A5B5E96BA4AA1D51B5012986C47326" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
], as a distinct entity and it is therefore excluded from the type series.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="421040963FE01EA127FD86832EF67C76">
Originally, the type locality was said to be from Yuang Ha,
<collectingCountry id="3704F0FEC079E4467FF85101D0445FE1" name="Thailand">Siam</collectingCountry>
Boundary; however, this town currently is found in the
<collectingRegion id="52213578343CE91BDCE1B35C537996F2" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="2AF568685DBC19418A3AC74009DBFAED" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
. The original type locality is now Mong Yawng Township,
<collectingRegion id="AFA3D9036CD1083F458CC257E12EC780" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
(~
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ETIBK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[100.356750,21.178528]}">
<geoCoordinate id="F7F6CC9F7A061A057436A3052BC5B72D" degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="42.7" value="21.178528">21 ° 10 ' 42.7 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7525A79DD40712A06A4A074A3A6B8CD6" degrees="100" direction="east" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="24.3" value="100.35675">100 ° 21 ' 24.3 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
),
<collectingCountry id="236FA47583B41F4CBB7BDCE1C9FCD70D" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, with a further record from Kengtung,
<collectingRegion id="552CD1866419681A4A24FC508095BD53" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="BDEDE43C08BBE20A880FEDD1671C2359" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="59" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920: 59</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,278 @@
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<treatment id="B3516C0FBE1654ACB2C2F99EE5A76B7B" ID-arpha="B3516C0F-BE16-54AC-B2C2-F99EE5A76B7B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B3516C0FBE1654ACB2C2F99EE5A76B7B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B3516C0FBE1654ACB2C2F99EE5A76B7B">
<subSubSection id="389F02CA5BF6F04AAD712D45B18C2047" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="A70C9026262C37CA2569F77EC06D5F5B">
<heading id="F2B93E480E970C16A092CFC33378AB0C" reason="label">4</heading>
<taxonomicName id="1CFE6E81D94C7BC3E924FE04847CBC86" authority="(Blanford, 1865)" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="plicifera">
<emphasis id="294EFCC74029E6152A23C62E94B81ABA" italics="true">Curvella plicifera</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="A814BF2CA396D4B928872BDA7EE9A89A" author="Blanford WT" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66 - 105. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford, 1865</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="50A14BD4043D54C0BB211265457440C1">
<figureCitation id="82427180D10925090C811986B3051EB7" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A Curvella plicifera, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.235 from Thyetmyo, Pegu; Akouktoung B, C Curvella pusilla B possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.234 from Akouktong, Pegu and C specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu D, E Curvella puta D holotype UMZC I. 102795 from Tavoy, Birmah (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 55 f) and E specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu F Curvella scrobiculata, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.226 from Akouktong, Pegu." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104502">Fig. 4 A</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7F400BD13C8F0C27333576AE47440FA9" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="68E73C57D429C8D5472BDCCBDECE3475">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="661C62AC33E65F7F5A03D87BCDB8509F">
<treatmentCitation id="EF4ECFFD8B22EE03F7F82331766D0AFD" author="Blanford WT" page="77" year="1865">
<taxonomicName id="8A3BB4707811477E98F8BA0F35BB0FEE" authority="Blanford, 1865: 77" authorityName="Blanford" authorityPageNumber="77" authorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bulimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="plicifer">
<emphasis id="C73B054728052F81711CBA0AD69FF94D" italics="true">Bulimus plicifer</emphasis>
<comment id="472B9AD31CA144531E06CFEF757E52FB">
<bibRefCitation id="363E9652B89AB2D058BC1809EB4A87EE" author="Blanford WT" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66 - 105. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford, 1865: 77</bibRefCitation>
. Type locality: Thayet Myo,
<collectingRegion id="5F0724F1E83A37ECFF2BA03FF106B6B6" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
.
<treatmentCitation id="E169B1CD8AD8B4C179DD140ACD0BD71A" author="Pfeiffer L" page="151" year="1868">
<bibRefCitation id="332B4CDE25073496150539BB633E08E8" author="Pfeiffer L" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" page="151" refId="B80" refString="Pfeiffer L (1868) Monographia Heliceorum Viventium: sistens descriptiones systematicas et criticas omnium huius familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum. Volumen Sextum. Lipsiae: F. A. Brockhaus, 598 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/46666" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/46666" year="1868">Pfeiffer 1868: 151</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. Hanley and Theobald 1874: 34, pl. 80, fig. 8.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1A209EFB5DA8E2C75F679D4BA5BA7674">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="E67DADD369C51BD144C7A292DD706B92">
<taxonomicName id="FAB0E8267D024B80C69F08E324B657D3" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Buliminidae" genus="Bulimina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="plicifera" subGenus="Hapalus">
<emphasis id="08E60976B62B3AF402EF65D8F125BC68" italics="true">Bulimina</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B34AEF90F46110FF70F7BE6B36DA8782" italics="true">Hapalus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="04374B201AC4E07A926AA48FFB9DDB85" italics="true">plicifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="2302A3931CFFE8B721AA92D27393514C">
<treatmentCitation id="6F867846B35E4CE67BE9E60A12C1BC9F" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" page="300" year="1881">
<bibRefCitation id="1DC38AEFA1E2BAAB485B7F8156EDB81A" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" journalOrPublisher="Kassel, Fischer" page="300" refId="B82" refString="Pfeiffer L, Clessin S (1881) Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali. Kassel, Fischer, 617 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" title="Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" year="1881">Pfeiffer and Clessin 1881: 300</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FDEFB2ADBC71BE1EE2CC6FFF722D870B">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="4BBE523BDCA8B82F9314B9C436258579">
<treatmentCitation id="067CE671BAF998C241810C0CF97E888B">
<taxonomicName id="AC9D107FEC96786D523F831E055F1870" ID-CoL="7NVC2" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Enidae" genus="Buliminus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="plicifer">
<emphasis id="8224C38D5CD0C68EBACC50D4C13F5B1A" italics="true">Buliminus</emphasis>
(?)
<emphasis id="B595B96F8B5C11FCB7F336816437B4B2" italics="true">plicifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
— Kobelt 1901: 688, 689, pl. 103, fig. 22.
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="933550FB0640B6D94D61A846DC860774">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="977E4A8FB1408B6B5AF30362AC31CED0">
<taxonomicName id="BF8EB0BDC53D9D01AFF6B3E10F708620" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="plicifera">
<emphasis id="BC5EE02047F2F50AC79E3992F7516398" italics="true">Curvella plicifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="D85AF9740F0AE43D48262C4CDE9876EE">
<treatmentCitation id="AE54F732B123054C7D684890FB557DA2" author="Pilsbry HA" page="63" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="9779BCE780BB43FB8FBC7A108860442F" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" page="63" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906: 63</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 9, fig. 45.
<treatmentCitation id="63B33998F97E2F2D581B8A21DE512749" author="Gude GK" page="352" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="D212A4AAB8FB84E177E35F8ABF4F3AC5" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="352" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 352</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E55BG" type="Type specimens">
<paragraph id="D85B2B83544E10233843E99B691137E8">
<heading id="62528029A7B4C0CF0C257207E2675081" reason="title">Type specimens.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EA8D46F58E8996D05886185FA81DF13D">
<emphasis id="AD69C75BFE101D083D2F83C535CD05C7" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="A37018B2268FFF159E458BFD576751C9" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<named-content id="0471D04CB65BA7CB3268C168459A81D6" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="8B426BA62916D3BABE3888CE5556BF5B" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1906.2. 2.235 (2 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="8AAB5B67F3156010F6D256C580050D68" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A Curvella plicifera, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.235 from Thyetmyo, Pegu; Akouktoung B, C Curvella pusilla B possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.234 from Akouktong, Pegu and C specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu D, E Curvella puta D holotype UMZC I. 102795 from Tavoy, Birmah (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 55 f) and E specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu F Curvella scrobiculata, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.226 from Akouktong, Pegu." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104502">4 A</figureCitation>
) ex. Blanford collection from Thyetmyo,
<collectingRegion id="A260AC39D6C1122D14DC9FC605D2C51E" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
? Akouktoung.
</paragraph>
<caption id="D0D7E320BEFE7F8F9183273C73B492B7" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure4" ID-arpha="DCC64D91-1572-5ADB-BEA3-DE08D8037158" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104502" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="5C216467397313C3C0BDA3973C2A5641">
<label id="D10365CFA236E1330FE6E887F832B135">Figure 4.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="58BBB8031292CD1B2047B39D9F76E485">
<emphasis id="252ED38956024C85D485F995A0161A6C" bold="true">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="25C99D216045413EAE865831DFE27C3D" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="plicifera">
<emphasis id="68DF6762A856BC48E1BEDD536704492F" italics="true">Curvella plicifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, possible syntype
<named-content id="35A88A468421C41CA6DD0831192D0272" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1906.2. 2.235 from Thyetmyo, Pegu; Akouktoung
<emphasis id="A4627B85EC2C468991D71D1B8738E55D" bold="true">B, C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7796440A6E8B5E1FE0B406482D2FE9E9" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="FC7B9D4F0A36299CBE49167E7016B558" italics="true">Curvella pusilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3BAEE7F91A0AD71F181EE6396504A021" bold="true">B</emphasis>
possible syntype
<named-content id="FE4E895821C205C237C9AF76F8000A68" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1906.2. 2.234 from Akouktong, Pegu and
<emphasis id="CB4D7C438285C4FF7018F8BDD394B734" bold="true">C</emphasis>
specimen
<named-content id="B6319C5876539DDCCB7C5C8BE9BDF353" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu
<emphasis id="3E9E8CA2CAF0AEA6FE7850C867B21E10" bold="true">D, E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="26C5CAF4B02A343EEF0797B0DC9B6852" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1857" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="puta">
<emphasis id="018422CCE98A8CA209A362C3DA901474" italics="true">Curvella puta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="858BE5195041F910F2147ED4A9BAAEA8" bold="true">D</emphasis>
holotype
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0EXBAI" xlink_title="University Museum of Zoology Cambridge, Cambridge">UMZC</abbrev>
I. 102795 from Tavoy, Birmah (after
<bibRefCitation id="5F46BCD9AA4324E8163264A66F5CBFE8" author="Preece" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Preece" refId="B88" refString="Preece RC, White TS, Raheem DC, Ketchum H, Ablett J, Taylor H, Naggs F (2022) William Benson and the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1434." year="2022">Preece et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 55 f) and
<emphasis id="DEF3E3F342534CC7C16CD35A1779A066" bold="true">E</emphasis>
specimen
<named-content id="1E65874EB52F9B7503B4332897FF2E75" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu
<emphasis id="FA2F40CF549C8F1444E3D4EBDAE96F06" bold="true">F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F8AAB761605F655903524F8FDBBAAEB6" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="scrobiculata">
<emphasis id="9CCDD5DFC36E7F3F1D39F925F14C1377" italics="true">Curvella scrobiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, possible syntype
<named-content id="D4F39ED87DFF89ED72C3537E3A8B26A2" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1906.2. 2.226 from Akouktong, Pegu.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E5CAI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="3F2B66DBE7FD571EEDD2F37E1147F773">
<heading id="F163599FE513BF21B1597EB1BEC7308B" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BDF881CE4C6366B62CCEA14A4F06C549">Shell ovate conic; spire low; apex bluntly obtuse; subsequent whorls with prominent growth lines throughout. Suture shallow and whorls flattened. Aperture broadly ovate and somewhat pointed posteriorly; columella straight and expanded; parietal callus thin and with small parietal lamella. Umbilicus narrow.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDDAI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="DEB227C8CDA2914A39BB10D4B9887DC4">
<heading id="27C71D085DD01C38C65B6F416CDFC1E8" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A7199777ACF2FC72B6521A4CC6ED1277">
This species is restricted to
<collectingCountry id="9B1591791224285D470770C58323A869" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
and is known only from the type locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EIDAI" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="B610268BED62ECFA7EC73B49000B0398">
<heading id="4D8F065347DB96A659FCFFCD8DB4296D" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="438CDB938904A31817F1C73CA9B2CD69">
No new material of this species was found in this study, and only the available
<typeStatus id="79D2CE68185EF78C615BD480E7A11F80" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
are examined here. The modern name of the type locality is Thayet District,
<collectingRegion id="72CFC3868CB0FE51A7439DCF3AEDAE1C" country="Myanmar" name="Magway">Magway Region</collectingRegion>
, central
<collectingCountry id="7616592214859CE0384784888733BE06" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
[not in the
<collectingRegion id="13B1BDD00A37FBECC385F2B6A640243B" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Bago Region</collectingRegion>
].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="73F9FB0BAF0B6EA884220F90876E70B5">
Among the four
<taxonomicName id="20A440B1B5B65ACAC840AC62781DA409">
<emphasis id="97FD59A3308736ABABC1183DF6EAFB6B" italics="true">Curvella</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F288B72F975756DA066C78B3DAB214EB" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, this species is similar to
<taxonomicName id="2CC45D3C7261B84E4F0140D362658016" authority="(Blanford, 1865)" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="CAD6F574CD3090E4BCAC23C3E5F3BFB4" italics="true">C. pusilla</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B2F156AC8F62F9255248453BBF571C6C" author="Blanford WT" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66 - 105. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford, 1865</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
in shell shape. However,
<taxonomicName id="52C5F7EFA1FFB1B30B97E9024A71EB5F" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="plicifera">
<emphasis id="368EFC2A949ACBE67FFB2F379547C66A" italics="true">C. plicifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a small parietal tooth, straight columella, and narrowly opened umbilicus, whereas
<taxonomicName id="1764115A9D2521F13D028781489BF009" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="4B0B113EDD47D0C790EC5DF7406F2586" italics="true">C. pusilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses a smooth parietal wall (without tooth), slightly twisted columella plait, and closed umbilicus. Further confirmation from additional specimens is necessary to verify their distinctions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,405 @@
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<paragraph id="97FF2E1E0DB948D5041ECBC14821B679">
<heading id="E9BA8D2745A34010400B858F07F5A22A" reason="label">40</heading>
<taxonomicName id="DFD278FA71C2393D99C1D83F3623661D" authority="(Gray, 1834)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Zootecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pullus">
<emphasis id="3E81D5CEBDBF6F16F8DA79623666E12E" italics="true">Zootecus pullus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="4FFCC5CF6648C049134A49D081BA0C95" author="Gray JE" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pagination="63-68" refId="B40" refString="Gray JE (1834) Exhibition of an extensive series of land and freshwater shells regarded as hitherto undescribed. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 2: 63 - 68. https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 12859659" title="Exhibition of an extensive series of land and freshwater shells regarded as hitherto undescribed." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12859659" volume="2" year="1834">Gray, 1834</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="941AF53AD5FE17A4114874F2CC0260D5">
<figureCitation id="6816515F695BD6161FC94448FB6A3222" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. A C Zootecus insularis A lectotype ZMB 109990 (after Raheem et al. 2014: fig. 74 c) and B, C specimen NHMUK 1875.12. 4.16 from Burma D H Zootecus pullus D lectotype NHMUK 1986252 / 1 and E paralectotype NHMUK 1986252 / 2 from Banks of the Ganges, South Asia and F H specimen CUMZ 13081 from Bagan, Mandalay Region, Myanmar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104515">Figs 17 D H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B032F8D052B0D5E52E566A4519067BA9" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Genitalia and radula of Zootecus pullus, specimen CUMZ 13082 from Bagan, Mandalay Region, Myanmar A, B reproductive anatomy with inset of the male organ and C radula morphology with inset of central teeth: yellow colour and C indicates central teeth row, green colour indicates lateral teeth in the transition to marginal teeth, and numbers indicate tooth order from lateral to marginal end. Abbreviations: fo, free oviduct; gd, gametolytic duct; gs, gametolytic sac; p, penis; pr, penial retractor muscle; so, spermoviduct; v, vagina; vd, vas deferens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104516">18</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="887BE5F14D318F7D359AFE78B48F56A9" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Shell measurements of subulinid species examined in this study. SH: shell height; SW: shell width. The localities numbers are indicated in Fig. 1." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B099E9B05D409B67DECF1570A3A8359F" tableUuid="B099E9B05D409B67DECF1570A3A8359F">Table 1</tableCitation>
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<paragraph id="691BF22328707FA670A3ACF31EF8E5AE">
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<taxonomicName id="E0A25815F4404D42E825C73D19AB8CE1" ID-CoL="NTJ4" authority="Gray, 1834: 66" authorityName="Gray" authorityPageNumber="66" authorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bulimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pullus">
<emphasis id="AEB319C08D000DECE3FC03D1DC318419" italics="true">Bulimus pullus</emphasis>
<comment id="42C3EE898E7E8AB5315FB470E5559407">
<bibRefCitation id="B68D3C5AF912D07B6905B09AC6AA36B0" author="Gray JE" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pagination="63-68" refId="B40" refString="Gray JE (1834) Exhibition of an extensive series of land and freshwater shells regarded as hitherto undescribed. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 2: 63 - 68. https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 12859659" title="Exhibition of an extensive series of land and freshwater shells regarded as hitherto undescribed." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12859659" volume="2" year="1834">Gray, 1834: 66</bibRefCitation>
. Type locality:
<collectingCountry id="AF7363CC2ADF7207B6261BDE7C6AF6E2" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
Orientali ad ripas Gangis [Eastern
<collectingCountry id="7B3565D7FDA2BA6088359C1937823BAD" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
, banks of the Ganges River].
<treatmentCitation id="D1F1F41B6DF430B694E530836D28D75A" author="Pfeiffer L" page="162" year="1848">
<bibRefCitation id="688065A9DD991FF0B4E9C624208006DE" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.124010" author="Pfeiffer L" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" page="162" refId="B75" refString="Pfeiffer L (1848) Monographia Heliceorum Viventium: sistens descriptiones systematicas et criticas omnium huius familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum. Volumen Secundum. Lipsiae: F. A. Brockhaus, 594 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.124010" year="1848">Pfeiffer 1848: 162</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="CADFCFE5DCEAB5C4D59558156C732EFA">
<bibRefCitation id="756682011F448C05A9D0B5B3E983D2F2" author="Reeve" firstAuthor="Reeve" refId="B93" refString="Reeve LA (1849 a (1849); pls 2023 (1850)]. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8967091" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8967091" year="1849">Reeve 1849</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
b:
<emphasis id="B210184A5534FD8BAD13E895235EE77F" italics="true">Bulimus</emphasis>
pl. 67, species 476.
<treatmentCitation id="C0895ACD09DD678152305C5D5679B38C" author="Blanford WT" page="94" year="1865">
<bibRefCitation id="6F691ED0F5ECD46B0863694985BC3009" author="Blanford WT" firstAuthor="Blanford" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" page="94" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66105. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford 1865: 94</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EC828C3650A481B720F1A1C0FD15F864">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="43EC374D010B07DBD77AA0904EF4011C">
<taxonomicName id="90745E75A1015422C717EDD4D0D58A01" ID-CoL="NTJ4" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bulimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pullus" subGenus="Opeas">
<emphasis id="771A89E694979AF98DD290239A70F466" italics="true">Bulimus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="D6030BEFE8C1CD6D00FA82A4BF080488" italics="true">Opeas</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="1640793014D19D4F81C3C90D5B3E6280" italics="true">pullus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="854640D23092D6452D1DF7CDA8B436AE">
<treatmentCitation id="098F1BB8DFA69E74F59429ED58B00481" author="Albers JC" page="175" year="1850">
<bibRefCitation id="F6C4DEA75B94863D6FEE08F901A2DA82" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11507" author="Albers JC" firstAuthor="Albers" journalOrPublisher="Enslin, Berlin" page="175" refId="B2" refString="Albers JC (1850) Die Heliceen nach natürlicher Verwandtschaft systematisch geordnet. Enslin, Berlin, 262 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11507" title="Die Heliceen nach natürlicher Verwandtschaft systematisch geordnet." year="1850">Albers 1850: 175</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="75D45431A20DA93D3958812D77F9E5F2">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F345271189339496AF137F979FB41D45">
<taxonomicName id="77DF60B97CEEA47D0D8E3BC9DB7621AD" ID-CoL="9X7TD" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Pupa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulla" subGenus="Cylindrus">
<emphasis id="865E960578CFE301ABA219903BA3558B" italics="true">Pupa</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="D4BDAAF6D7E1DEE56AF07580D169934C" italics="true">Cylindrus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="63B2263A210A3F5E8481A28960C2E57F" italics="true">pulla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="C6BBA9AD5A2D616DB9C276F7EE75C58D">
<treatmentCitation id="047BF89BD519C3D31DD23E80B4288968" author="von Martens E" page="297" year="1860">
<bibRefCitation id="BB2DB2B4F733E59E5E7AF40176C1FE39" author="von Martens E" firstAuthor="von Martens" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" page="297" pagination="6-18" refId="B114" refString="von Martens E (1860) On the Mollusca of Siam. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 28: 618. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12866504" title="On the Mollusca of Siam." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12866504" volume="28" year="1860">von Martens 1860: 297</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="299737A7A0780C04FC46AEC4E89836B6">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A7DADB66C3AAC9CAB3F9F44AFA204925">
<taxonomicName id="012C7CB99294B9D9C7948D74CF8285D7" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Buliminidae" genus="Bulimina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulla" subGenus="Mastus">
<emphasis id="F30F603DA5FBAC474DF6151941D15737" italics="true">Bulimina</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="DEDF13B47D0921C592159110AFDAD507" italics="true">Mastus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="E47B7E341954E775C7FCB92AAD8C78D7" italics="true">pulla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="271EB420E6DA0FB71B8C35D80F98FF58">
<treatmentCitation id="83C73A7B421105BBBC5A31FF83F037C4" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" page="293" year="1881">
<bibRefCitation id="E0F39036B2830FF83522B2157FBFC625" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" journalOrPublisher="Kassel, Fischer" page="293" refId="B82" refString="Pfeiffer L, Clessin S (1881) Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali. Kassel, Fischer, 617 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" title="Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" year="1881">Pfeiffer and Clessin 1881: 293</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3019F41CAC770DEB5F85561351921B82">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5DE1190E1445E63A693184749851A991">
<taxonomicName id="8E841F9FF7D2861EDD3F48CC214EFA0F" ID-CoL="7T36P" baseAuthorityName="J. E. Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rumina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulla">
<emphasis id="CE12D06057151C96B54F8670256DDFDB" italics="true">Rumina pulla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="7262436A30AAB3E7A796563440D67DD0">
<treatmentCitation id="7C7160ADCAA1B2C878C3D0FD36E665CE" author="Ancey CF" page="61" year="1886">
<bibRefCitation id="97A4683451086AA8962AC1EACE1C90FE" author="Ancey CF" firstAuthor="Ancey" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Société Malacologique de France" page="61" pagination="15-64" refId="B4" refString="Ancey CF (1886) Esssai monographique sur le Buliminus de ľAsie Centrale Russe et de ľAfghanistan. Bulletin de la Société Malacologique de France 3: 1564." title="Esssai monographique sur le Buliminus de ľAsie Centrale Russe et de ľAfghanistan." volume="3" year="1886">Ancey 1886: 61</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="43CA58C1541CEF4CD900F870499D73DD">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6C64AFF5E58461C5A533BD8A5B91EFA9">
<taxonomicName id="700052DF02062041EF305FF7F1D5B916" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulla">
<emphasis id="484339DD671A3470394353BF7506F5AA" italics="true">Stenogyra pulla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="0A71FCC46EFC6FA4FF5F11023DE50A38">
<treatmentCitation id="6B61F65FBAB571AC5360DD962057988B" author="von Martens E" page="106" year="1895">
<bibRefCitation id="E9FB37AECDF565A84B6C00574A0334FE" author="von Martens E" firstAuthor="von Martens" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Archiv für Naturgeschichte" page="106" pagination="103-108" refId="B116" refString="von Martens E (1895) Die gattung Cylindrus Fitz. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 61 (1): 103108. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47791" title="Die gattung Cylindrus Fitz." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47791" volume="61" year="1895">von Martens 1895: 106</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 107, pl. 8, figs 7, 8.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="815A7C9166394B43E73D82F551AAAB28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="D8126624BAD80A510AE11347AE0F425D">
<taxonomicName id="BDB79694B2254464003DCE17464FA380" ID-CoL="5D7JN" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Zootecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="insularis" variety="pullus">
<emphasis id="5D3DB355B716CA784A74A951D00A9AE9" italics="true">Zootecus insularis var. pullus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="9F81451E6649A4430298DC5731CEB1C1">
<treatmentCitation id="D1F134C001117681E3052673533BDC01" author="Pilsbry HA" page="110" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="C4137B44E048C09DB46279678D0235FC" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" page="110" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906: 110</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 26, figs 2628.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E0DE29EEEBAA4F4063CFA494D86ECC59">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="8DA50784638D79203F6999CA2FDB1A1E">
<taxonomicName id="BF55D74659FE5CA4DE10815C6E9F7057" ID-CoL="5D7JN" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Zootecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pullus">
<emphasis id="D083CAD2E4B64A917597986B46AEF19D" italics="true">Zootecus pullus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="88AB4FC3C740AEA76C5592DE584F7461">
<treatmentCitation id="3CFB5329E1C42FDBAAB308EBFF388ACE" author="Gude GK" page="371" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="78FFA7B10AEE338982DF0C3BBA827B54" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="371" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 371</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 372.
<treatmentCitation id="085DD2B7F70C2C927A231A5EF65188A3" author="Raheem DC &amp; Taylor H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Preece RC &amp; Aravind NA &amp; Naggs F" page="118" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="8A1B95CB10107A9217A87E8CAF542F4D" author="Raheem DC &amp; Taylor H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Preece RC &amp; Aravind NA &amp; Naggs F" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Raheem" page="118" refId="B90" refString="Raheem DC, Taylor H, Ablett J, Preece RC, Aravind NA, Naggs F (2014) A systematic revision of the land snails of the Western Ghats of India. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 4): 1294." year="2014">Raheem et al. 2014: 118</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 119, fig. 74 e, f.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E5OHK" type="Type specimens">
<paragraph id="11AB5D16618255E63A45EA03FBBF6F3D">
<heading id="EA8C27A7DE9B6D06C54093B2515A754E" reason="title">Type specimens.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="49CE6C334897224439905494A0A15C2D">
<materialsCitation id="6C3B71149EDE7A476C1E3E205C7D8CF6" collectionCode="NHMUK" specimenCode="NHMUK 1986252" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="B7BD14D82D39574E6F5679BAB53F9FA6" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="3829894423A08E30BADFA23CF59EA6BD" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="3EAEE1F8B8D1D317E050A956F63478ED" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">
<named-content id="9A9F8C46479648C0BA242DD48AD29D58" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1986252
</specimenCode>
/ 1 (Fig.
<figureCitation id="961795146877341C0542AC3623B37C17" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. A C Zootecus insularis A lectotype ZMB 109990 (after Raheem et al. 2014: fig. 74 c) and B, C specimen NHMUK 1875.12. 4.16 from Burma D H Zootecus pullus D lectotype NHMUK 1986252 / 1 and E paralectotype NHMUK 1986252 / 2 from Banks of the Ganges, South Asia and F H specimen CUMZ 13081 from Bagan, Mandalay Region, Myanmar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104515">17 D</figureCitation>
; designated in
<bibRefCitation id="3AAF19C5D96EB290CA8FD24D1E5A6930" author="Raheem" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Raheem" refId="B90" refString="Raheem DC, Taylor H, Ablett J, Preece RC, Aravind NA, Naggs F (2014) A systematic revision of the land snails of the Western Ghats of India. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 4): 1294." year="2014">Raheem et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<emphasis id="47A99809930B49F8DFCFA5FDFF7556B9" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="124C327B1A9A550967AAAF99C7883899" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<named-content id="2E24599CEBD11FF1CB5D12BE1B1CFA96" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="E1E2F29CCD80D58353E1AC4F42A7CA22" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1986252 (1 shell; Fig.
<figureCitation id="147BE394A49DD2FA479CD0E778A26993" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. A C Zootecus insularis A lectotype ZMB 109990 (after Raheem et al. 2014: fig. 74 c) and B, C specimen NHMUK 1875.12. 4.16 from Burma D H Zootecus pullus D lectotype NHMUK 1986252 / 1 and E paralectotype NHMUK 1986252 / 2 from Banks of the Ganges, South Asia and F H specimen CUMZ 13081 from Bagan, Mandalay Region, Myanmar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104515">17 E</figureCitation>
) from Banks of the Ganges, South Asia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ECQHK" type="material">
<paragraph id="3AE02262587644B6FF772B2FB525E065">
<heading id="F4BA770A02440FB6F321904AED069A4A" reason="title">Other material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A62988075094009C9A1FA8A880F7B0EB">
Dhammayazaka Pagoda, Pwasaw Village, Bagan City,
<collectingRegion id="C223861E9C3FCCFB73302802C271BBED" country="Myanmar" name="Mandalay">Mandalay Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="580AE7262A209EA9A3AF3A295B455E83" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ELQHK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[94.882778,21.144528]}">
<geoCoordinate id="53CA7DC34594253A878404B2856301C1" degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="40.3" value="21.144527">21 ° 08 ' 40.3 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="11BFA42141FAAC67943089C816CBCAAB" degrees="94" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="58.0" value="94.88278">94 ° 52 ' 58.0 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
):
<named-content id="AC7993E3BFFCD956CDCE2CC508E59906" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">
<collectionCode id="2552E1AF854A71A3C647286D33420CFA" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/da58-p0xp" name="Cameroon University, Museum of Zoology" type="">CUMZ</collectionCode>
</named-content>
13081 (70 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="7661AB657AC19D423F784436C5BF61CE" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. A C Zootecus insularis A lectotype ZMB 109990 (after Raheem et al. 2014: fig. 74 c) and B, C specimen NHMUK 1875.12. 4.16 from Burma D H Zootecus pullus D lectotype NHMUK 1986252 / 1 and E paralectotype NHMUK 1986252 / 2 from Banks of the Ganges, South Asia and F H specimen CUMZ 13081 from Bagan, Mandalay Region, Myanmar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104515">17 F H</figureCitation>
),
<named-content id="BA1D0373186A3D8FD48F62DBEBA4B096" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">
<collectionCode id="7D52AFD2E6EAF2A3DC2D6636898E1BF0" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/da58-p0xp" name="Cameroon University, Museum of Zoology" type="">CUMZ</collectionCode>
</named-content>
13082 (
<specimenCount id="B7ACC69D7AFEE16BECE595197F465B05" count="20" type="generic">20 specimens</specimenCount>
in ethanol).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E5QHK" type="description">
<paragraph id="C62640298836A833E8E1F08F8E8B6F8B">
<heading id="8383E9028C01C3BECAEDEA9F2400B556" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CFA86588C318A492BCFC9DF276F388C6">Shell subcylindrical, solid, glossy, pale grey colour, slightly thick, and with 89 ½ whorls. Apex slightly elevated; protoconch ~ 2 whorls, dome-shaped and nearly smooth with fine radial striations; subsequent whorls with dense but fine, wavy, radial striations, stronger near suture. Spire grows evenly; whorls flatly convex; suture wide and shallow. Aperture nearly rounded and wide; columella straight; peristome relatively thickened, expanded, and white. Umbilicus narrowly opened.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A191338734B6061CE7E130EFEA6D86FD">
<emphasis id="1168EF3DCE39D0EC0AC61B0CD16DB311" bold="true" italics="true">Genitalia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="F17F5CD14B17D9040A25F9C7D8651A70" italics="true">n</emphasis>
= 5). Atrium undifferentiated. Penis very narrow, slender, almost same length with vagina, and slightly bulging at base. Penial retractor slender, long and attached at junction of penis and vas deferens. Epiphallus very short or indistinct. Vas deferens long, slender tube, and connected between penis / epiphallus to free oviduct (Fig.
<figureCitation id="6BD2DE05EBF1FCA3076ECB0A0C6114F9" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Genitalia and radula of Zootecus pullus, specimen CUMZ 13082 from Bagan, Mandalay Region, Myanmar A, B reproductive anatomy with inset of the male organ and C radula morphology with inset of central teeth: yellow colour and C indicates central teeth row, green colour indicates lateral teeth in the transition to marginal teeth, and numbers indicate tooth order from lateral to marginal end. Abbreviations: fo, free oviduct; gd, gametolytic duct; gs, gametolytic sac; p, penis; pr, penial retractor muscle; so, spermoviduct; v, vagina; vd, vas deferens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104516">18 A, B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="B09A9C0B6BBF70B555E24759C0366CE7" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure18" ID-arpha="5C59A07B-388A-5AB9-93B9-BDC68C5DD026" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104516" startId="F18">
<paragraph id="630116E488F042CA94F95F87086B8A46">
<label id="DE2B4B6EE060EB82CFE17E89BD8CE3A0">Figure 18.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="470AC378DB9025B5C7088CC45B8CB55B">
Genitalia and radula of
<taxonomicName id="1AFCA51CB636484C2B5888C1436EEFF7" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Zootecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pullus">
<emphasis id="ADA99A06D3DB74A3271D0679040B919A" italics="true">Zootecus pullus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, specimen
<named-content id="D5F3141E17E793CF31B5FEF7A097B8AF" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">CUMZ</named-content>
13082 from Bagan, Mandalay Region, Myanmar
<emphasis id="2BA6429351ED310AB67B5500BA82413D" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
reproductive anatomy with inset of the male organ and
<emphasis id="244C46520F75F57FB284CBD5754D7B7B" bold="true">C</emphasis>
radula morphology with inset of central teeth: yellow colour and C indicates central teeth row, green colour indicates lateral teeth in the transition to marginal teeth, and numbers indicate tooth order from lateral to marginal end. Abbreviations:
<emphasis id="3CE535619E4606C83825AE6CB270EBBA" bold="true">fo</emphasis>
, free oviduct;
<emphasis id="30C698312EFC7A197D3854A31B4C9BC2" bold="true">gd</emphasis>
, gametolytic duct;
<emphasis id="BDE1C0D9F5A77C185A9EB7F27DE9E617" bold="true">gs</emphasis>
, gametolytic sac;
<emphasis id="6A14C1974695E69924D49C2C44E54387" bold="true">p</emphasis>
, penis;
<emphasis id="88C5CDE567C0840FF5DD665C1F67CD53" bold="true">pr</emphasis>
, penial retractor muscle;
<emphasis id="0F968A27551219233E4A923092379167" bold="true">so</emphasis>
, spermoviduct;
<emphasis id="88D0F8DB38EFA980CDE6831C85DDC097" bold="true">v</emphasis>
, vagina;
<emphasis id="A3BE0E7FAFFDB154984ADC9D94FCDF89" bold="true">vd</emphasis>
, vas deferens.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8DEC0BB9DC639BCEDC144CC9A8F31189">Vagina much larger than penis and cylindrical shape. Gametolytic duct short and slender tube; gametolytic sac distinct and bulbus shape. Free oviduct almost the same diameter as vagina; spermoviduct enlarged.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F4551B643275979540C036E96434C9D9">
<emphasis id="6B42C2C4C0CF3476F94F02FF92614599" bold="true">
<emphasis id="434F3C0A4CDEB593027648580AE1F85A" bold="true" italics="true">Radula</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Each row contains ~ 43 + teeth with half-row formula: central-lateral-marginal teeth (1 (1113) (67 + )). Central tooth relatively small, tricuspid with pointed central cusp, and small, rounded, lateral cusps. Lateral teeth bicuspid: endocone large rhomboid in shape and with pointed to dull tip; ectocone small, pointed tip and located at middle of tooth height. Marginal teeth asymmetrically tricuspid starting approximately at tooth number 1113: mesocone large, triangular, and curved to blunt tip; endocone small and located near tip of mesocone; ectocone triangular, pointed tip and located near tooth base. Outermost teeth small and polycuspid (Fig.
<figureCitation id="4EF4DC617387EF3E291AB5F4EC3E3274" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Genitalia and radula of Zootecus pullus, specimen CUMZ 13082 from Bagan, Mandalay Region, Myanmar A, B reproductive anatomy with inset of the male organ and C radula morphology with inset of central teeth: yellow colour and C indicates central teeth row, green colour indicates lateral teeth in the transition to marginal teeth, and numbers indicate tooth order from lateral to marginal end. Abbreviations: fo, free oviduct; gd, gametolytic duct; gs, gametolytic sac; p, penis; pr, penial retractor muscle; so, spermoviduct; v, vagina; vd, vas deferens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104516">18 C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ESTHK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="89A677DC2B4EFF60AC2FCD136606506D">
<heading id="BF5811C301D24B1ED5EC4867087F17B6" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="85A606F1EB71B5E5B32006ED352A2F27">
Apart from
<collectingCountry id="5C174C14C2FFCDEECF3E1650A6A4B814" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, this species is likely to occur in
<collectingCountry id="2BD50C2E2B56FE88AD2A67B659B05562" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="6DFB7A99A51FF469BF79BEE64D2DCD95" name="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="140128AFF130F6E0BBBCD730B22C8A29" author="Raheem" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Raheem" refId="B90" refString="Raheem DC, Taylor H, Ablett J, Preece RC, Aravind NA, Naggs F (2014) A systematic revision of the land snails of the Western Ghats of India. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 4): 1294." year="2014">Raheem et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E3THK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="6BE15C5D809E4ED7E30D3FE0F5808A35">
<heading id="974D80489AFECC8E0661382F3F6C22A5" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A0AB96CDF728319683CFDA60624C8C47">
In
<collectingCountry id="6F733029FA76661C067543A2036F5075" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, the previous records of
<taxonomicName id="35725E279F14697247C40A7C0A5BE609" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Zootecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pullus">
<emphasis id="8D446082A56292F02BB7CF012BD533CD" italics="true">Z. pullus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were from Ava [Innwa in
<collectingRegion id="CC7139669A603C3B827363D9C8A58DDB" country="Myanmar" name="Mandalay">Mandalay Region</collectingRegion>
]. Our newly collected specimens from Bagan (~
<quantity id="B1896C0E41E9EA556B9A7CB23A95A7AC" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="km" value="150.0">150 km</quantity>
southwest of Innwa) are identified as this species, but they present some differences such as having a long and narrower shell and a blunt apex.
<taxonomicName id="9096D8FE436A5D4F23B1E39C3A24DB18" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Zootecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pullus">
<emphasis id="CBDEBCC4FCF7CAFB1BF2D6778786BAB8" italics="true">Zootecus pullus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a penis nearly equal in length to the vagina, and the penis is slightly enlarged with a conical shape at base near the atrium (Fig.
<figureCitation id="2DF8096F486845113FB9CBA5D982E666" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Genitalia and radula of Zootecus pullus, specimen CUMZ 13082 from Bagan, Mandalay Region, Myanmar A, B reproductive anatomy with inset of the male organ and C radula morphology with inset of central teeth: yellow colour and C indicates central teeth row, green colour indicates lateral teeth in the transition to marginal teeth, and numbers indicate tooth order from lateral to marginal end. Abbreviations: fo, free oviduct; gd, gametolytic duct; gs, gametolytic sac; p, penis; pr, penial retractor muscle; so, spermoviduct; v, vagina; vd, vas deferens." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104516">18 A, B</figureCitation>
), while
<taxonomicName id="4EB1EC0D3582EC9EEAAF51D7C623D258" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1831" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Zootecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="9C087E347D84231DDA4B389E9F46EFD1" italics="true">Z. insularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses a penis shorter than the vagina, and the evenly slender penis (see
<bibRefCitation id="E8D180B7ECC01BDE0C6620FDDA80CC0E" author="Schileyko" firstAuthor="Schileyko" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko 1999</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 678 from a near type locality in the Red Sea). Further investigation is required to determine whether these two
<collectingCountry id="2C695126C196A57CE4DC61C66FA4B9D5" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
species are distinct or simply demonstrate variation in shell morphology.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
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<subSubSection id="1DD1B582F3DC91C008A222AA42B04B35" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="FC477B1C8FFF1B53F2CF57177D58B52F">
<heading id="5B9C4A9DAB31D8879451EDA9BFFE398C" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="F9221A99E442BDDDC7AD00EBC3F54EA9" authority="Pilsbry, 1906" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1906" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A389036E773A53F4C90FF4645666AD4B" italics="true">Paropeas</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="C8010413883BAA4795E76ED6372A2D22" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [1906 - 1907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1 - 357. [pls 1 - 51] [pp 1 - 272, pls 1 - 34 (1906); pp 273 - 357, pls 35 - 51 (1907)] https: // doi. org / 10.1175 / 1520 - 0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry, 1906</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="B781AAC7F201C34D11F9DB5361937EA1">
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<emphasis id="7D51661B8556DB0A486D192CF40216EB" italics="true">Prosopeas</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="241853AB8AD5FBCE24A292C9282DC17F" italics="true">Paropeas</emphasis>
)
<comment id="F2A90B322FA9ED020380A3BFD0375A68">
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.
<treatmentCitation id="A777A9808EC6DA4485ED0697947EB49B" author="Zilch A" page="353" year="1959">
<bibRefCitation id="891DB23DB42FC2054DEC2C3B1300D1DF" author="Zilch A" editor="Schindewolf OH" firstAuthor="Zilch" journalOrPublisher="Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin" page="353" pagination="201-400" refId="B124" refString="Zilch A (1959) Gastropoda, Euthyneura. In: Schindewolf OH (Ed.) Handbuch der Paläozoologie, Band 6, Gastropoda. Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin, 201400." title="Gastropoda, Euthyneura." volumeTitle="Handbuch der Paläozoologie, Band 6, Gastropoda." year="1959">Zilch 1959: 353</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1DE2E9E734338564B69CA0AEC0A267D1">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="0FD8476FC6E27312B9E1B93F76A644B8">
<taxonomicName id="E1854061374A20068BB04FF460F0325A" ID-CoL="7PBYP" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1906" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7745C346958D2A517B1F1F37E2E6599E" italics="true">Paropeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="C4F2B0FD0913027C0CC7189D6D1578A5">
<treatmentCitation id="0E080EFD2AE62DE3BDDE973ECE89804F" author="Naggs F" page="175 - 191" year="1994">
<bibRefCitation id="1E05DDB0CDA168E55148D39D83B84ECC" DOI="10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" author="Naggs F" firstAuthor="Naggs" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Molluscan Studies" page="175 - 191" pagination="175-191" refId="B65" refString="Naggs F (1994) The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae). The Journal of Molluscan Studies 60 (2): 175191. https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" title="The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae)." volume="60" year="1994">Naggs 1994: 175191</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="16921A5D13367FE9F0940CF91DF10531" author="Schileyko AA" page="508" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="BB030F473B96E0FA6FC3053697EB9A60" author="Schileyko AA" firstAuthor="Schileyko" page="508" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko 1999: 508</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EX5BK" type="type species">
<paragraph id="F5D5237C1D1FB63B9E152BD56F20BB7C">
<heading id="BDDB576BD3CBA9A261250E0CBA10DAAB" reason="title">Type species.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="19A24C8D91E04C2222F7880A98D57157">
<taxonomicName id="78669BF679249D8E81E505C11CB3325F" authority="Mousson, 1857" authorityName="Mousson" authorityYear="1857" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bulimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="acutissimus">
<emphasis id="3A48A85634D603E686611C905AA14E22" italics="true">Bulimus acutissimus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9411284C74AF7DC528D211BC59C5A487" author="Mousson A" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal de Conchyliologie" pagination="154-164" refId="B64" refString="Mousson A (1857) Novitates Zollingerianae (1). Journal de Conchyliologie 6 (2): 154 - 164." title="Novitates Zollingerianae (1)." volume="6" year="1857">Mousson, 1857</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by original designation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EI6BK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="06FD6FC092A0F01AC99E023650AD0A6A">
<heading id="DE2E2E19F0E627F00A87E9EF79E3CD04" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B9C0B04CACAE2540E97CDCCB49FBFA1">Shell slender and conical; spire high, turreted, and gradually attenuated; embryonic and subsequent whorls with irregularly dense, fine, or coarse radial striations. Aperture oblique, narrow or broadly ovate; columella concave; columellar margin expanded or not expanded. Penial simple, relatively long, slender, epiphallus short, flagellum absent, and penial sheath present; vagina ~ 1 / 2 of penis length and wider than penis.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EN6BK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="638DDDAF12112A3DE6955E5E4CD3DF4A">
<heading id="79EC385041D1DDC300BBF38372EFCB27" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="46CECFF59A5BA05E755EF26C73FFA4D0">
<taxonomicName id="5776EDC48ED605E303A64102C5EAD541" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1906" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="369535A765726749B8614557DB506C5C" italics="true">Paropeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="951EDF5D150AC1EA6744E687BA7ED9ED" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bacillum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1E6E086EB7CC0A815802D08B969EE056" italics="true">Bacillum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="984C0B8B46BDDB78701EE99CBD564407" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="91A8ED4CA1010E6606065997FC16F13E" italics="true">Rishetia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its irregularly coarse radial striations throughout the shell, less concave or straighter columella, and narrowly tapering and pointed embryonic whorls (Table
<tableCitation id="925FDC9522DB446FBD55F092394FD670" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of shell morphology among subulinid genera recorded in Myanmar. The superscript numbers are references; 1 = Pilsbry (1906), 2 = Gude (1914), 3 = Godwin-Austen (1920), 4 = Naggs (1994), 5 = Schileyko (1999), and 6 = Budha et al. (2017)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7320BC8BE0D4AF3B31AE4617F5EE0127" tableUuid="7320BC8BE0D4AF3B31AE4617F5EE0127">2</tableCitation>
). While
<taxonomicName id="6D4CF8A3AFCE4F681FCA46B759F10971" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bacillum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6CF2827F8B9F2BA46C65C53C356CBCB6" italics="true">Bacillum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has stronger and more evenly spaced radial striations, deeper concave and truncate columella, and cylindrically tapering and obtuse embryonic whorls. Likewise,
<taxonomicName id="E925875DB282D6BA4D5EFA190827DBDA" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7D5ACFD42A387CAAC6615D84AB938AEB" italics="true">Rishetia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a glossy and smoother shell, broader whorls, more concave columella, and rounded and wider aperture (
<bibRefCitation id="CCAE6D62C92F6AEED6C087533FD5FFE5" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D0F1F313ECC01A87E9E449F0C3D0268A" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="C17B88889E74CC2F6906513137E6D264" DOI="10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" author="Naggs" firstAuthor="Naggs" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Molluscan Studies" pagination="175-191" refId="B65" refString="Naggs F (1994) The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae). The Journal of Molluscan Studies 60 (2): 175191. https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" title="The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae)." volume="60" year="1994">Naggs 1994</bibRefCitation>
). In terms of genitalia,
<taxonomicName id="FF6CC008D8E31BAED1A37EC14C8EFDD4" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FFB8D7BC3D9A2262422D2BC9E7D2EC8C" italics="true">Rishetia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is obviously distinct from
<taxonomicName id="B3C1238F011FC8C6B40E67ED3970DED6" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1906" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="295EB2DD6E127709CF5BE87FA413DA9C" italics="true">Paropeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a tubular-shaped flagellum, while
<taxonomicName id="CCAE27E1C4D15370C428078371FC85F2" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1906" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6E13B5AE63171C03EB8BC67CAEEAF0C1" italics="true">Paropeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has no flagellum (
<bibRefCitation id="9DA6A8DAB441242025F4244C160B418F" DOI="10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" author="Naggs" firstAuthor="Naggs" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Molluscan Studies" pagination="175-191" refId="B65" refString="Naggs F (1994) The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae). The Journal of Molluscan Studies 60 (2): 175191. https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" title="The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae)." volume="60" year="1994">Naggs 1994</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="7E8BDC611E68BB10411005F3A73BB0B8" author="Schileyko" firstAuthor="Schileyko" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko 1999</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="36311AB47BF7FBAF32B491914F590465">
<taxonomicName id="3BCD5C92663C6F9974BCF37EE2FA36A0" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1906" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0440E8AE65A57F9249FB7ED715B41971" italics="true">Paropeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="FFE20C962A101475D8DF818B1BCD1464" authorityName="Morch" authorityYear="1876" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Prosopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D2EAF5B847BBAC16D1C13A86EA52B7DB" italics="true">Prosopeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are very similar in terms of shell form and sculpture, but
<taxonomicName id="1E808699F33B476689E37575A9488791" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1906" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5D5EE32E79F86CD4D347EE1252B29F80" italics="true">Paropeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possess stronger and more compact striations on embryonic whorls (
<bibRefCitation id="61D0E48E5382FFD24EFFB1D56043C953" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="0405FC85F50480A7BE972C9830A16C65" DOI="10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" author="Naggs" firstAuthor="Naggs" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Molluscan Studies" pagination="175-191" refId="B65" refString="Naggs F (1994) The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae). The Journal of Molluscan Studies 60 (2): 175191. https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" title="The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae)." volume="60" year="1994">Naggs 1994</bibRefCitation>
). However, distinguishing between these two genera is still challenging, and precise identification requires further evidence, such as data on genitalia and molecular phylogeny.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5F47ECAD51110D485DAA57A18DEA6C88">
This genus is mainly distributed in Southeast Asia. Seven recognised species are present, four are reported in
<collectingCountry id="93A3BD493CBEDD0AB3438F3D060DDD56" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B379806657EA6296E2F80AEFC843E8CD" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="A6A695319B7190BD7EB9A88BE7D4BB34" DOI="10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" author="Naggs" firstAuthor="Naggs" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Molluscan Studies" pagination="175-191" refId="B65" refString="Naggs F (1994) The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae). The Journal of Molluscan Studies 60 (2): 175191. https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" title="The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae)." volume="60" year="1994">Naggs 1994</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1BC294D88283AFD53B5374484F6660DF" author="Schileyko" firstAuthor="Schileyko" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko 1999</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AEF5AE3A1E6DF5321667BA2E6D252806" DOI="10.14284/448" author="MolluscaBase" firstAuthor="MolluscaBase" refId="B61" refString="MolluscaBase eds (2023) MolluscaBase. https://www.molluscabase.org [in 202307 17] https://doi.org/10.14284/448" url="https://www.molluscabase.org" year="2023">MolluscaBase 2023</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
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<subSubSection id="2BB877C6B26D99E417F15BE7B3CF1EF7" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="FF1CE6756DDC34ACB0EA814CF85AF220">
<heading id="87B8480EF2478D9F5AF6415F5BF00DCE" reason="label">12</heading>
<taxonomicName id="1594B9AD2EBAA58BF9DA84C4C42CDE60" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1920" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="inedita">
<emphasis id="907202CF13A0D8D52EEC9D980AEFEE2A" italics="true">Glessula inedita</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="70DB0FD999A7960D266475673D3AFFA7" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="104CA9862FA25F1F869E83ACFD603BD9" type="description">
<paragraph id="EF39DB2A226187D5B4098C675FED2BE9">
<figureCitation id="37714968CA433304B5342E5587EE4A1C" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A D Glessula gemma A, B specimen NHMUK 1946.10. 16.4553 from Bengal and C, D specimen CUMZ 13069 from Taunggyi, Shan State, Myanmar E, F Glessula inedita, syntypes NHMUK 1906.5. 5.88 from Shan Hills." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104505">Fig. 7 E, F</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0EA13EA3677A3B3FF6A8DBEE0E5228B0">
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<treatmentCitation id="C3DE333BD2A816DCA12009F83A4A541F" author="Godwin-Austen HH" page="58" year="1920">
<taxonomicName id="F32B0255317D3F32F5B612A40F857864" ID-CoL="7RFJR" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1920: 58" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityPageNumber="58" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ineditus">
<emphasis id="8C6BBE2E2954730BDBFF743AD0E7B313" italics="true">Glessula ineditus</emphasis>
<comment id="BA385235823EFD76AF028B7660BA9B75">
<bibRefCitation id="4DB0743C72187DD527491775AA2A0E4E" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920: 58</bibRefCitation>
, 59. Type locality:
<collectingRegion id="138E0113206742B80CBF84C09C295B4A" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan</collectingRegion>
Hills [
<collectingRegion id="F27A7856154638F4265B5C9135C3029D" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="89A19135BF99C96A29B472C8B4DB5110" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
].
</comment>
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDMDI" type="Type specimens">
<paragraph id="128CE1D17FD96B2E28FA8486146D4847">
<heading id="74D65AFE6ED03151ACFD16B03D9C5895" reason="title">Type specimens.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="201AF61800E7975F8B89D4FE0174F3F8">
<emphasis id="62353CA6B706FA8D503A7E930745CF97" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="FE2A5518F6CC261C4314170C1B3EF1B1" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="2CC5E3903BF1F5ED9064A7C63EFAE6D8" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
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1906.5. 5.88 [re-registered in error as 1985228] (3 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="73D92B1137E70BBD238A8705A13E7ABF" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A D Glessula gemma A, B specimen NHMUK 1946.10. 16.4553 from Bengal and C, D specimen CUMZ 13069 from Taunggyi, Shan State, Myanmar E, F Glessula inedita, syntypes NHMUK 1906.5. 5.88 from Shan Hills." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104505">7 E, F</figureCitation>
) ex. W. T. Blanford collection from
<collectingRegion id="9A7DCD664FFE96E390F45BD8B4BF8CEF" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan</collectingRegion>
Hills.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EXMDI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="2B40F59D6CE566758A0104605643ADA1">
<heading id="5122D2DA99B85A2F1526C9841B72FA19" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4408B8BFEDFA17A421AD7BDFB9D0906B">Shell oblong turreted and regularly attenuated; spire high conical; apex rounded; subsequent whorls with very weak irregularly spaced radial ribs. Suture deep and whorls convex. Aperture widely ovate; columella concave and truncated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E3MDI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="A4D2F9A069569D59D9F404667AB0DA03">
<heading id="EE517D422C6F6013ACB24482646B4FD2" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB6983B141B4F85DAF5E95D9ED52A7CB">This species is known to occur only from the type locality.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBNDI" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="345A76364EFF1BF48393CAF2CF8F4725">
<heading id="1FE344CCD495B785B1DF580F495BEC0E" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="12CECF79AB8AE6F28D3FEE08DA2700D7">
The original description did not include an illustration, and one set of shell measurements was given.
<bibRefCitation id="8D2203A301BAE3B16659CB624D3E38EA" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="58" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen (1920: 58)</bibRefCitation>
clearly states, Type No. 88.06.5.5 (
<named-content id="1E7A561200DC4754D45F0B9F87DD37A7" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="666A9677DC290C09FA6D47E7F2ECC06D" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1906.5. 5.88) is from the Blanford collection. This
<typeStatus id="4E1F33B61A2453D7DA55CA97A4AA154E" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
lot consists of three shells, and the original label states Type. The largest specimen matches well with the given measurements, and another shell from the same
<typeStatus id="07FDFBE8A21D35225197399951295A48" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
lot is illustrated herein for the first time. No new materials have been reported to date.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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<heading id="32B1F9C819FCA6D99B2383FCB94309D2" reason="label">33</heading>
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<emphasis id="A6AB6B3197C73C69A8787251F0AB0B78" italics="true">Rishetia limborgi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="97D76DF8225A6864DE5EDBE57097A2F2" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="D94D9926818EE5AC58891B35EB60014B">
<figureCitation id="61CC7F501EA1835F1765672020AB50DC" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. A C Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli A, B specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3742 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Burma and C specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3744 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Burma D Rishetia hastula, neotype NHMUK 1906.1. 1.880 from Darjiling E, F Rishetia kentungensis, syntypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3650 from Mong Sing, Siam Boundary G Rishetia limborgi, holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3200 from Tenasserim H, I Rishetia nathiana, syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2206 from Bassein District." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104512">Fig. 14 G</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FEA3BBD5ED31268AF3A882363ABF9896">
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<emphasis id="86D2C1C8D1EA0C8CC005BE18BCD377DD" italics="true">Glessula limborgi</emphasis>
<comment id="9311526AB76E7FFFCFEDC1BFBFA789EF">
<bibRefCitation id="C5CA00ABC53B7545778D87A838D5D08F" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920: 56</bibRefCitation>
, 57. Type locality: Tenasserim [
<collectingRegion id="2BB7B76BCFFC14C81A740E21BF6CD427" country="Myanmar" name="Taninthayi">Tanintharyi Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="C8EAD1E78624C0A332B0FF919CCB4399" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
].
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EKDFK" type="Type specimen">
<paragraph id="D27A854B0F74DC457F663D5777B78B09">
<heading id="5EBD77B791431882FBA02EB18408329E" reason="title">Type specimen.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5136B96D6E3BD6E826B6B79F80D2E898">
<materialsCitation id="60EE8030DE50269D0F34A7DF54C2BBF9" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="Limborg" location="Tenasserim" specimenCode="NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3200" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="D1507BC4E43418EC4E7D0297ABD47ABE" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="22E4EF24F3DF21D9B6F6C968B3C460A8" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="C7EB042D737675A0C5BB5369070F74F1">
<named-content id="713E2A5B43D1E3E3FDF4D97F076206D2" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1903.7. 1.3200
</specimenCode>
[re-registered in error as 1985219] (Fig.
<figureCitation id="284A5DD2D1164C97D1B85CB6979C892A" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. A C Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli A, B specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3742 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Burma and C specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3744 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Burma D Rishetia hastula, neotype NHMUK 1906.1. 1.880 from Darjiling E, F Rishetia kentungensis, syntypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3650 from Mong Sing, Siam Boundary G Rishetia limborgi, holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3200 from Tenasserim H, I Rishetia nathiana, syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2206 from Bassein District." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104512">14 G</figureCitation>
) collected by
<collectorName id="064119434440095BAA49026829024854">Limborg</collectorName>
ex. Godwin-Austen collection from
<location id="F7D33650E9E775D1FC40D67F8D3CA099" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BA3286E53BB55905A10FD1B039031296:F7D33650E9E775D1FC40D67F8D3CA099" name="Tenasserim" stateProvince="Limburg">Tenasserim</location>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E5DFK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F29B028E5571FA19ED7E064EEBEB4304">
<heading id="6534AEB5476B4E5B740D2787B0B6B5AE" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8DBCC84AA1494B4A9E8C5797377EF9D5">Shell elongate, turreted and regularly attenuated; apex rounded; subsequent whorls with fine and equally spaced radial ridges throughout. Suture impressed and whorls flattened. Aperture broadly ovate; columella strong, concave, and truncated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDEFK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="DE6DF307F927A6CFC878F5E407C8B4AC">
<heading id="61A2432C35ACCEF3A152C0089DC36EE2" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="54236E9ABD9683F41B62A76CE61CE065">This species is known only from the type locality and is likely endemic to that region.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EIEFK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="6082C6D45C8AF25CD4745F54E49FC8B7">
<heading id="6FB1D751F1D5707138F60410512A76B3" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="920081CA737E6B29C84AC795EFE4597D">
<bibRefCitation id="8905DB3AB81BBF8E5CDAD89764EBC4BC" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen (1920)</bibRefCitation>
clearly states that this taxon was described based on only a single specimen collected by O.
<collectingRegion id="1D2D3B92C6605FE23F1B90E4EC54880A" country="Netherlands" name="Limburg">Limborg</collectingRegion>
. The original description included only a single set of shell measurements but was without illustration. The
<named-content id="AE74A0CB8A4D3509B3C7DA062B5014DD" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="DEDD5166F72F1056EAA57AD58280E9A0" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
collections contain the type specimen lot,
<named-content id="83411E3BE87AACA3E204C7631C9FFB49" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="C4A94B64CF789C0A72A907C78380B0AD" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1903.7. 1.3200 ex. Godwin-Austen ex. O.
<collectingRegion id="84BE7FCA522562C08B3C8F069CAD483B" country="Netherlands" name="Limburg">Limborg</collectingRegion>
consisting of a single shell with an original label stating Type. Therefore, we considered this shell as the
<typeStatus id="29F0959F2940F6191A6571F0FA5476A5" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
fixed by monotypy.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,336 @@
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<mods:title id="684EB9C15AE91AD0664885C1DC8EF728">Contributions on a small collection of the former Subulinidae Fischer &amp; Crosse, 1877 (Eupulmonata, Achatinoidea) with catalogue of the Glessula and Rishetia species recorded from Myanmar</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="54F46DDCC6EE06B61142A549E096051E">Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="C45F58F5D764559C876478A469717FC3" ID-arpha="C45F58F5-D764-559C-8764-78A469717FC3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C45F58F5D764559C876478A469717FC3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C45F58F5D764559C876478A469717FC3">
<subSubSection id="31ECCD25E1020FD211D845C36F95F25B" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="0B1B813A185332F3E1A29926C18790A1">
<heading id="ABAD5629696803F60D5D723D5CDA607F" reason="label">9</heading>
<taxonomicName id="23D2FE33242AB6CA8784D6E9701A7ECF" authority="(Benson, 1836)" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crassilabris">
<emphasis id="C312C2CEFA2D2F709DB3E8DFD5723763" italics="true">Glessula crassilabris</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="680E7EED9C7A144BB8CC35299068D2B5" author="Benson WH" issue="54" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="350-358" refId="B9" refString="Benson WH (1836) Descriptive catalogue of terrestrial and fluviatile Testacea, chiefly from the North-East frontier of Bengal. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 5 (54): 350 - 358. https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 37188459" title="Descriptive catalogue of terrestrial and fluviatile Testacea, chiefly from the North-East frontier of Bengal." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37188459" volume="5" year="1836">Benson, 1836</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="64AF17038546443190F6AA275F09F3FB" type="description">
<paragraph id="2F1BD27DD9B050BC4793D8D16339E11A">
<figureCitation id="32F51FDD77F561BCA42B116176C61BA1" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A D Glessula blanfordiana A, B syntypes NHMUK 1988150 from Ponsee, Yunnan, W. China and C, D specimen CUMZ 13067 from Taunggyi, Shan State, Myanmar E, F Glessula crassilabris E syntype UMZC I. 102430 from Bengal (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 51 e) and F specimen NHMUK from Cherrapoonji (M 10604 / 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104503">Fig. 5 E, F</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="26528729D6F0EE1B5B9847E6F9A378F1">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5F77F4053A1A1816038BA690909FB96F">
<treatmentCitation id="E25E5436D920A6B4F6B0C51A0F544A53" author="Benson WH" page="353" year="1836">
<taxonomicName id="3777721F107ECD39DB878233C8CFCEC9" ID-CoL="7PSBS" authority="Benson, 1836: 353" authorityName="Benson" authorityPageNumber="353" authorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crassilabris">
<emphasis id="CADECACB246F3F07E1B045101A3E83D0" italics="true">Achatina crassilabris</emphasis>
<comment id="450A045A15EDC5B7A709B46A0B244210">
<bibRefCitation id="93C758D89FE36814EC577055A2B0EC9D" author="Benson WH" issue="54" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="350-358" refId="B9" refString="Benson WH (1836) Descriptive catalogue of terrestrial and fluviatile Testacea, chiefly from the North-East frontier of Bengal. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 5 (54): 350 - 358. https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 37188459" title="Descriptive catalogue of terrestrial and fluviatile Testacea, chiefly from the North-East frontier of Bengal." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37188459" volume="5" year="1836">Benson, 1836: 353</bibRefCitation>
. Type locality: N. E. Frontier of Bengal.
<treatmentCitation id="71BA4E713F024E329E771C54F235EF65" author="Pfeiffer L" page="261" year="1848">
<bibRefCitation id="5C45C6100E3D5A15A30E3D182B076A96" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.124010" author="Pfeiffer L" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" page="261" refId="B75" refString="Pfeiffer L (1848) Monographia Heliceorum Viventium: sistens descriptiones systematicas et criticas omnium huius familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum. Volumen Secundum. Lipsiae: F. A. Brockhaus, 594 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.124010" year="1848">Pfeiffer 1848: 261</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. Reeve 1850:
<emphasis id="9923833E3AA078865465706018365C21" italics="true">Achatina</emphasis>
, pl. 21, fig. 81.
<treatmentCitation id="2EA95E26E2E0A7500E7CC964CF7DC58D" author="Pfeiffer L" page="493" year="1853">
<bibRefCitation id="748528D7B1118516BE380F0E5800CA6E" author="Pfeiffer L" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" page="493" refId="B76" refString="Pfeiffer L (1853) Monographia Heliceorum Viventium: sistens descriptiones systematicas et criticas omnium huius familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum. Volumen Tertium. Lipsiae: F. A. Brockhaus, 711 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47349" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47349" year="1853">Pfeiffer 1853: 493</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="FB10D18F095AB32AB417DF1C0D24EA79" author="Pfeiffer L" page="313" year="1860">
<bibRefCitation id="3987FA85604E8DAB2FBBCEF75646B229" author="Pfeiffer L" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" page="313" refId="B79" refString="Pfeiffer L (1860) [18401865] [in HC Küster, L Pfeiffer] Die Bulimiden und Achatinen, In Abbildungen nach der Natur. Die gattungen Bulimus, Partula, Achatinella, Achatina und Azeca. In: Küster HC, Ed. Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz. Neu herausgegeben und vervollständigt. Erster Bandes, dreizehnte Abtheilung. 1 (13) [(1, 124)]: iii xix, 1359. [pls 170] [pp 305336 (1860), pls 2529 (1863)] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/106739" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/106739" year="1860">Pfeiffer 1860: 313</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 25, figs 12, 13.
<treatmentCitation id="6723D4519DB9F298D74B257F301D2176" author="Benson WH" page="464" year="1860">
<bibRefCitation id="7F4F140A445715EB7E8C66B354D1BC1B" DOI="10.1080/00222936008697255" author="Benson WH" firstAuthor="Benson" page="464" refId="B12" refString="Benson WH (1860) On new land-shells from Darjiling, with a series of new Indian species of Achatina. Annals &amp; Magazine of Natural History Series 3 5 (30): 460466. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222936008697255" year="1860">Benson 1860: 464</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="A902A217CE8529B542A1642598C77842" author="Blanford WT" page="95" year="1865">
<bibRefCitation id="3DBBEFDAB878F4B8484AB42DE08B538D" author="Blanford WT" firstAuthor="Blanford" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" page="95" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66105. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford 1865: 95</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B43EAFB52172F664918C7C76394D637C">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BEF33F145D2210DED71FC45DBEF607AA">
<taxonomicName id="776CC405D7A329523B4F240BD06ADF43" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Oleacinidae" genus="Oleacina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crassilabris" subGenus="Electra">
<emphasis id="87FE4036061FC1EAC9AC6403B86C525B" italics="true">Oleacina</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="7FED5D9A7D819318AB9C2CF06AB3DA4B" italics="true">Electra</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="D661F722BDD058AC2403FA65420AD23E" italics="true">crassilabris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="F172F85A1BC15FBAEA71802F247566AD">
<treatmentCitation id="79A007582CF06FEF6A8C277CE709968B" author="Adams H &amp; Adams A" page="105" year="1855">
<bibRefCitation id="C6B3D14CCAADD3063B908C0242F409F1" author="Adams H &amp; Adams A" firstAuthor="Adams" journalOrPublisher="van Voorst, London" page="105" refId="B1" refString="Adams H, Adams A (1855) [18541858] The Genera of Recent Mollusca; Arranged According to their Organization. Volume 2. van Voorst, London, 661 pp. [pp 93284 (1855)]" title="[1854-1858] The Genera of Recent Mollusca; Arranged According to their Organization. Volume 2." year="1855">Adams and Adams 1855: 105</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E7C7ABDCD1AEAC1E86E477CC6B26E23">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="139509A90EE7D819366E6115B10012DF">
<taxonomicName id="70F498D874A2F5955BEF2B97BF14A584" ID-CoL="7PSBS" authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crassilabris" subGenus="Electra">
<emphasis id="FC3289286D15DC701ECCF643E27D3D21" italics="true">Achatina</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="57139BE96C0F0CF1CEBF4F09A468F13F" italics="true">Electra</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="D321EBD9F6F019F77648E66A98921CA3" italics="true">crassilabris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="C62DA70DDA6ECF62F688E8E43C8C53EF">
<treatmentCitation id="DC264AC6C35A8D8AA670215FDF9A6ECA" author="Pfeiffer L" page="168" year="1856">
<bibRefCitation id="7A08C0C823460EA0EA198CF96748B220" author="Pfeiffer L" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" journalOrPublisher="Malakozoologische Blätter" page="168" pagination="112-185" refId="B77" refString="Pfeiffer L (1856) Versuch einer Anordnung der Heliceen nach natürlichen Gruppen. Malakozoologische Blätter 2: 112185. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/53876" title="Versuch einer Anordnung der Heliceen nach natürlichen Gruppen." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/53876" volume="2" year="1856">Pfeiffer 1856: 168</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="BE6317423F1E7B9B5E24DCB6760C8E24" author="Hanley SCT &amp; Theobald W (1870" page="17" year="1870">
<bibRefCitation id="02CF11EBE3FAB12938E5E2B2C5F71F18" author="Hanley SCT &amp; Theobald W (1870" firstAuthor="Hanley" page="17" refId="B43" refString="Hanley SCT, Theobald W (1870 (1870); pp 1928, pls 4160 (1872); pp 2934, pls 6180 (1873). pp 3548, pls 81120 (1874); pp 4956, pls 121140 (1875); pp 5765, pls 141160 (1876)] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50391" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50391" year="1870">Hanley and Theobald 1870: 17</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 36, fig. 1.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="19A286F5609F7762DF5223FB4B10A8B9">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="1B9E183F7750DD1789F9CD3B52383591">
<taxonomicName id="76BFCB0D3AD685CEFEDA12C1984636CA" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Cionella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crassilabris" subGenus="Glessula">
<emphasis id="FAF02CA74D66C973F248FC489CFF5A21" italics="true">Cionella</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="E0588416DAF936441AFFB3EFB5214F74" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="D9898AB5DA298439BEA764478B3A3AD1" italics="true">crassilabris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="75632345312E0EA259CFF843AB345282">
<treatmentCitation id="E4A295217EFF0A266E7609641F742A97" author="von Martens E" page="254" year="1860">
<bibRefCitation id="1B5E961D240AD87CF5F5DB2FFDD51FF7" author="von Martens E" firstAuthor="von Martens" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" page="254" pagination="6-18" refId="B114" refString="von Martens E (1860) On the Mollusca of Siam. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 28: 618. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12866504" title="On the Mollusca of Siam." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12866504" volume="28" year="1860">von Martens 1860: 254</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D40FD2CC8D5D85FC1CDC4E2761E71BC">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BA4FB1E2B403B5E7818B684734E093F7">
<taxonomicName id="3374E3749EF3498BD14CCA8445545654" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crassilabris" subGenus="Glessula">
<emphasis id="C3BC46E4F398F4AF5C205592EE50B3AB" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
<comment id="1BAD7505FFFA30F3B27D3CBEBB94CE69">
(
<emphasis id="653A907748B86E2F55C4862AFE669E4C" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="C9A7CA7BA8E99735A2E699DDA1E5986A" italics="true">crassilabris</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="FB42378BE279C38F4B4A4915DCBAB52B" author="Nevill G" page="170" year="1878">
<bibRefCitation id="62FF521C9B7CD47DBC19DD2830A9A10C" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11957" author="Nevill G" firstAuthor="Nevill" journalOrPublisher="Indian Museum, Calcutta" page="170" refId="B69" refString="Nevill G (1878) Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda. Indian Museum, Calcutta, 338 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11957" title="Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda." year="1878">Nevill 1878: 170</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="27AF390679C577BD51B080F11377309B">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F3D4E0986D789A6769310C1A440AC2FD">
<taxonomicName id="64E58B4FF79C2A061F1353D4AFBABB71" ID-CoL="7RFJ7" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crassilabris">
<emphasis id="767F28755AF407CFBF9A22DF1BD07020" italics="true">Glessula crassilabris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="474A09ECB9F0A8B6925036BBFD2C58F4">
<treatmentCitation id="A51D30DB86FE57995A4166D26952964E" author="" page="315" year="1876">
<bibRefCitation id="8918F05BDB7CA6C038610A991ECF3AE0" issue="4" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="311-184" refId="B36" refString="Godwin-Austen (1876) On the Helicidae collected during the expedition into the Dafla Hills, Assam. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 45 (4): 311184. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114186" title="On the Helicidae collected during the expedition into the Dafla Hills, Assam." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114186" volume="45" year="1876">Godwin-Austen 1876</bibRefCitation>
: 315
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="15B0DB654C306CBFC8E30E7AD2185EEF" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" page="330" year="1881">
<bibRefCitation id="2ED1E6B7962B8FF349CB37DE293B4694" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" journalOrPublisher="Kassel, Fischer" page="330" refId="B82" refString="Pfeiffer L, Clessin S (1881) Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali. Kassel, Fischer, 617 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" title="Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" year="1881">Pfeiffer and Clessin 1881: 330</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="8C04CB3367373D1099AC2D3FEF5C45F3" author="Beddome CR" page="169" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="1FF19C1B50040F8812D3085B7CB1A686" DOI="10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" author="Beddome CR" firstAuthor="Beddome" page="169" refId="B8" refString="Beddome CR (1906) Notes on Indian and Ceylonese species of Glessula. The Journal of Molluscan Studies 6 (3): 160172. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" year="1906">Beddome 1906: 169</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. Pilsbry 1909: 96, pl. 10, figs 14, 16.
<treatmentCitation id="202EB98D7855454530EFE73DE05C841A" author="Gude GK" page="426" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="D12A445F343A7745B9D6F76D747E636F" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="426" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 426</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="CD32911C6EE17D82AC83BAE642F5F819" author="Godwin-Austen HH" page="39" year="1920">
<bibRefCitation id="4D37792E8C5CFF78F0F51B7F65FADF4E" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="39" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920: 39</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 40, pl. 160, figs 14, 1720, pl. 164, figs 16, 17.
<treatmentCitation id="ADC8E52B0E07E40770078AEE1527EE30" author="Ramakrishna &amp; Mitra SC &amp; Dey A" page="157" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation id="2767F6EE6A9230B60CC8C25D9B0F57DC" author="Ramakrishna &amp; Mitra SC &amp; Dey A" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ramakrishna" page="157" refId="B91" refString="Ramakrishna, Mitra SC, Dey A (2010) Annotated checklist of Indian land molluscs. Occasional paper no. 306. Zoological Survey of India, 359 pp." year="2010">Ramakrishna et al. 2010: 157</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="99E9F8D8DC2154A02C477DE1C1C7AFB6" author="Preece RC &amp; White TS &amp; Raheem DC &amp; Ketchum H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Taylor H &amp; Naggs F" page="122" year="2022">
<bibRefCitation id="4E8F4800DCF9DC361D4523F851D48C86" author="Preece RC &amp; White TS &amp; Raheem DC &amp; Ketchum H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Taylor H &amp; Naggs F" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Preece" page="122" refId="B88" refString="Preece RC, White TS, Raheem DC, Ketchum H, Ablett J, Taylor H, Naggs F (2022) William Benson and the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1434." year="2022">Preece et al. 2022: 122</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 51 e.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ELSCI" type="Type specimen">
<paragraph id="C48ED14D1C36B4372115F6417AAEFDD6">
<heading id="6E913A37AAA16A4A0BCC0E5D35564E6D" reason="title">Type specimen.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44A705E5541ECC3F2E67D277D6F99D09">
<emphasis id="52813164C10D6F22FB8CFA76324F8AAA" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="7E857BBC7D00F0A904ED46BBA7398AB6" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0EWSCI" xlink_title="University Museum of Zoology Cambridge, Cambridge">
<collectionCode id="41B6BEFFFF2DFF382E421EBB0BE6DB77">UMZC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
I. 102430 (1 shell; Fig.
<figureCitation id="CBBD7C74524B1585928F22B03C01A8A8" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A D Glessula blanfordiana A, B syntypes NHMUK 1988150 from Ponsee, Yunnan, W. China and C, D specimen CUMZ 13067 from Taunggyi, Shan State, Myanmar E, F Glessula crassilabris E syntype UMZC I. 102430 from Bengal (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 51 e) and F specimen NHMUK from Cherrapoonji (M 10604 / 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104503">5 E</figureCitation>
after
<bibRefCitation id="69BF7A5B19E2DDA1C2775A21C434EC11" author="Preece" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Preece" refId="B88" refString="Preece RC, White TS, Raheem DC, Ketchum H, Ablett J, Taylor H, Naggs F (2022) William Benson and the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1434." year="2022">Preece et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 51 e) from Bengal.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDTCI" type="material">
<paragraph id="CCF957B15EAA4C9888F35EEC5FB9CA47">
<heading id="DF460C07DD0046707E5E1202EA02BB56" reason="title">Other material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC5E1387D8DE564FC8A05F403BD68F34">
<named-content id="775C316458C138A22A5008C373E3D50D" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="2E67C45EED910888B21D79E5768FE6A5" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
(1 shell; Fig.
<figureCitation id="E6F7983A5FA84A63920C676608C37687" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A D Glessula blanfordiana A, B syntypes NHMUK 1988150 from Ponsee, Yunnan, W. China and C, D specimen CUMZ 13067 from Taunggyi, Shan State, Myanmar E, F Glessula crassilabris E syntype UMZC I. 102430 from Bengal (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 51 e) and F specimen NHMUK from Cherrapoonji (M 10604 / 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104503">5 F</figureCitation>
) from Cherrapoonji (M 10604 / 2).
<named-content id="69D6F22837D6D0D15828697B35CA68E9" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="2807BCD5679F73292BD3919D47620974" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
20200349 (2 shells) from N. E. Bengal.
<named-content id="1B6536E8528173C47065DECB9A2D1E41" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="6FDD78CC1145E125DB7509A1351D8DF0" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
20200350 (2 shells) M. 10695 / 2 from Khasi.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E3TCI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="354CE97C5B4631FCEF92C2E987F67F86">
<heading id="902EFE12BBBA134C8905A401EFA5C94C" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5DDDCA9DBF7E3304A20D943A32664071">Shell oblong ovate and regularly attenuated; spire high conical; apex rounded; subsequent whorls with weak and irregularly spaced radial ridges, slightly stronger near suture, and fine radial groves present. Suture impressed and whorls slightly convex. Aperture ovate; columella strong, concave, and truncated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBUCI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="54F73DB293CBB91CF8A7AC18DEACAE6C">
<heading id="7233D25795F2EADE4AC2A759F0401668" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="150630162958DE1C2034B10A9AD2F001">
This species is known from
<collectingCountry id="7E616E1D4376FABCBDE4BA644536FDC4" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingRegion id="BD3EB4CD7C5F81D7F53397BBEEE67EDD" country="Myanmar" name="Rakhine">Rakhine State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="64A68D8CCAF27D16E7934D96932B1EAD" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5B4F97A1D4797C06BBA61F2C4037304E" author="Godwin-Austen" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ELUCI" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="0F4598582C0A0CA955729F6B8013FE86">
<heading id="1EDB1C9D2835346B6DEB95E73B0B0082" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A7A9047D08F6CE43BA5101ACF01C29C2">
The taxonomic history and clarification status of the type specimens have recently been published in
<bibRefCitation id="9AA0AE751B3536171AE8C288F9BDAF4C" author="Preece RC &amp; White TS &amp; Raheem DC &amp; Ketchum H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Taylor H &amp; Naggs F" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Preece" refId="B88" refString="Preece RC, White TS, Raheem DC, Ketchum H, Ablett J, Taylor H, Naggs F (2022) William Benson and the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1434." year="2022">Preece et al. (2022)</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="9065F70C25533A03C93FF9BFAF892AF0" author="Blanford WT" firstAuthor="Blanford" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" page="95" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66105. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford (1865: 95)</bibRefCitation>
reported a small variety of
<taxonomicName id="33E01040A6E0B5DF3F986EACB24AEC29" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crassilabris">
<emphasis id="29E187526BD4903BD49641FD5C9B60C2" italics="true">Glessula crassilabris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on specimens from Arakan [
<collectingRegion id="09D1991E51E1ECEB5E3BDC6204872C4F" country="Myanmar" name="Rakhine">Rakhine State</collectingRegion>
] and
<collectingRegion id="8ACF0280937A3CABAAFB198FEE024A7F" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan</collectingRegion>
hills near Ava [
<collectingRegion id="47C3AB3FE02B1AC9D34EF9652E600D88" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan</collectingRegion>
Hills near Innwa], and also suggested that the latter specimen lot were possibly distinct from
<taxonomicName id="C8BE4848D6490E96C2CA4CEDCA8FDD72" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crassilabris">
<emphasis id="41A1383580D06B1961E883914C5DC649" italics="true">G. crassilabris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B6E85E577930BDF596E9FC209C8896A5" sensu="stricto">s. s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, although they were closely related. The following year,
<bibRefCitation id="8AA9EC6402EB016DBBD94EA44759A678" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen (1920)</bibRefCitation>
introduced the
<collectingRegion id="641DC01BAC6ECCF71F17A47CC439D798" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan</collectingRegion>
hills specimens as
<taxonomicName id="8C285BBD8E46952F8B924414EC912186" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1920" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="feddeni">
<emphasis id="2785BA6A2DB7D53E5EE5626E725BE0E7" italics="true">G. feddeni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D4ACE5502B41A70D81897D8FCB65F21A" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, but the small variety from Arakan has never been made available.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,463 @@
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<mods:title id="3759EDFA12C32E0F084397B2FE6156FE">Contributions on a small collection of the former Subulinidae Fischer &amp; Crosse, 1877 (Eupulmonata, Achatinoidea) with catalogue of the Glessula and Rishetia species recorded from Myanmar</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9BDC5F35C7424631B48CC26844FC7CDF">Man, Nem Sian</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="5777A872696DE791FE3E0BDC481831F9" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="5089B057377DCAB89EE3A552C900F50A">
<heading id="0CE5E70D43197BF7F88D549F546810DB" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="9BAE1CE4A24A6EEEFCC0743B8A966088" authority="Baker, 1935" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1935" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Allopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3A3242A3FAD9735817C5B5F800EAC63" italics="true">Allopeas</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0034E18475DCF88B42E85F21F109A138" DOI="10.5962/bhl.part.11532" author="Baker HB" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="The Nautilus" pagination="83-88" refId="B5" refString="Baker HB (1935) Jamaican land snails, 3. The Nautilus 48 (3): 83 - 88. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 11532" title="Jamaican land snails, 3." volume="48" year="1935">Baker, 1935</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C9FAE2CF179C329E18A298773CAB370B" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B2CDF052208551381FAD8818F25E936D">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="967DC21A89C0362038A9EDF8B27F0AD0">
<treatmentCitation id="A26A40E183698B7EA2DA10280FCA33B5" author="Baker HB" page="84" year="1935">
<taxonomicName id="641A2A1C9CD750EE16ACF8D4BAC3177B" authority="Baker, 1935: 84" authorityName="Baker" authorityPageNumber="84" authorityYear="1935" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Lamellaxis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Allopeas">
<emphasis id="1024CEB90029BDFB8E07FE6E1A78E264" italics="true">Lamellaxis</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="277D6D928FEE14C11D7FB7626634DB5D" italics="true">Allopeas</emphasis>
)
<comment id="35F780251346B991CC5D05F7C2E63DA3">
<bibRefCitation id="804A6E134CBA4658C5E5D0BF994E8266" DOI="10.5962/bhl.part.11532" author="Baker HB" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="The Nautilus" pagination="83-88" refId="B5" refString="Baker HB (1935) Jamaican land snails, 3. The Nautilus 48 (3): 83 - 88. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 11532" title="Jamaican land snails, 3." volume="48" year="1935">Baker, 1935: 84</bibRefCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="255BB127F05A4C6033512714A9FFEEC6" author="Zilch A" page="349" year="1959">
<bibRefCitation id="72B60702647829F0C4F7E03A73AC1A15" author="Zilch A" editor="Schindewolf OH" firstAuthor="Zilch" journalOrPublisher="Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin" page="349" pagination="201-400" refId="B124" refString="Zilch A (1959) Gastropoda, Euthyneura. In: Schindewolf OH (Ed.) Handbuch der Paläozoologie, Band 6, Gastropoda. Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin, 201400." title="Gastropoda, Euthyneura." volumeTitle="Handbuch der Paläozoologie, Band 6, Gastropoda." year="1959">Zilch 1959: 349</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D1583BC432BE188A87175E943CB43FBA">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="EDB0D76AABF9AAF3576E7F4AE5A9834B">
<taxonomicName id="D22CA41C67082D7A6E155A9B5FE499F4" ID-CoL="7NNNZ" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1935" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Allopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DA7D39757F46E9CB1A88443B52938B35" italics="true">Allopeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="63C8D8368614C379816B9135284452CA">
<treatmentCitation id="2278A00B0DECE0C80024EFEFB4428668" author="Schileyko AA" page="509" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="A586320D3BEC78C839AA01A657A5A174" author="Schileyko AA" firstAuthor="Schileyko" page="509" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko 1999: 509</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EOYAE" type="type species">
<paragraph id="2F7F21C21ADD529A573645F6E4C14C94">
<heading id="446B68E4C3094F561A544B596182DEBD" reason="title">Type species.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0E4217BB28F2ABEB4D33438841C37CCA">
<taxonomicName id="4DFFAD5B4996F558B521335240A6A06B" authority="Hutton, 1834" authorityName="Hutton" authorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bulimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="EC18D3ECA2A153B6E325A51379B57172" italics="true">Bulimus gracilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="961A62DC87A53451274E590B2F53ADC4" author="Hutton T" issue="26" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="81-93" refId="B45" refString="Hutton T (1834) On the land shells of India. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 3 (26): 81 - 93." title="On the land shells of India." volume="3" year="1834">Hutton, 1834</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E6YAE" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="6446D85DC350803362915E5E31DF3C68">
<heading id="8B10E0DBB684497EA2A6E8B059A632C8" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2277C3A6B15A365BE4F2703E366E1789">Shell slender and conical; spire high and gradually attenuated; embryonic whorls pointed and smooth; subsequent whorls with striations. Aperture vertical, broad, and oblong; columella straight, and columellar margin expanded near umbilicus. Penis long, fusiform shape at base then narrowing towards epiphallus, and flagellum absent; vagina cylindrical and narrow tube, and ~ 1 / 2 of penis length.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EEZAE" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="A33EBDAF93E0BCE1A5ED511DACB4B313">
<heading id="0E67B5EF0BF519381CA333A560C99DF3" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="50555E8F5F57537C51BD3A23F17B65F4">
The genus is sometimes confused with
<taxonomicName id="B427C5CCF431F7E732A20C2A37A67FEF" authority="Pilsbry, 1906" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1906" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FA6A3F6872D25FD59511BD1DB160994D" italics="true">Paropeas</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A1D4908A8EDA7717F7341F4DD790C384" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [1906 - 1907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1 - 357. [pls 1 - 51] [pp 1 - 272, pls 1 - 34 (1906); pp 273 - 357, pls 35 - 51 (1907)] https: // doi. org / 10.1175 / 1520 - 0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="3F6814EEE08736F9AC20499A68C36243" authority="Albers, 1850" authorityName="Albers" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Opeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D9F54364DD1511D016DDBE5FA3E1347B" italics="true">Opeas</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="986238241EBFD76C6181A5ED8D3430CE" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11507" author="Albers JC" journalOrPublisher="Enslin, Berlin" refId="B2" refString="Albers JC (1850) Die Heliceen nach naturlicher Verwandtschaft systematisch geordnet. Enslin, Berlin, 262 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11507" title="Die Heliceen nach natürlicher Verwandtschaft systematisch geordnet." year="1850">Albers, 1850</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="9136F1C1B14586BB96F39047CCF5967E" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1935" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Allopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0D677745C2EFC65398DF8466F8D9DEE6" italics="true">Allopeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="333101E13708EB21D1BC00B962E0E5A0" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1906" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AAA5638174EB4D20CE39CB8586A41197" italics="true">Paropeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its less turreted shell, finner striations, smooth embryonic whorls, straight columella, and columellar margin expanded (Table
<tableCitation id="69A95C0EC353C8AD2D84C1E7F2DCBD17" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of shell morphology among subulinid genera recorded in Myanmar. The superscript numbers are references; 1 = Pilsbry (1906), 2 = Gude (1914), 3 = Godwin-Austen (1920), 4 = Naggs (1994), 5 = Schileyko (1999), and 6 = Budha et al. (2017)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7320BC8BE0D4AF3B31AE4617F5EE0127" tableUuid="7320BC8BE0D4AF3B31AE4617F5EE0127">2</tableCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="DA28C6887E1465DD0CB9FB4C055CD894" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1906" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="56E3D9C87652F22ABCAFBF3C10AB0BD8" italics="true">Paropeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses a mostly turreted shell, stronger irregular striations throughout and entire whorls, concave columella, and columellar margin less expanded. Additionally,
<taxonomicName id="C4F8B3244D3F5CFDF85499CFDA800DC9" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1935" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Allopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="06C13CB8E3DC3028F794FAF7587F57D8" italics="true">Allopeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be differentiated from
<taxonomicName id="7A2F85AEBDAD4C55E1D4B3A962DC3421" authorityName="Albers" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Opeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="10C843D3484999AD4742EC652E6B1E0C" italics="true">Opeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having larger and broader shell, attenuated spire, and stronger striations (
<bibRefCitation id="3B59C377C92B224A17F96532F333B146" author="Schileyko" firstAuthor="Schileyko" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko 1999</bibRefCitation>
). By contrast,
<taxonomicName id="C3387DF6B5679CEACC62E83F85D73492" authorityName="Albers" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Opeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="61E540759258C13AF8F9AEDD6C0C7C45" italics="true">Opeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a smaller and narrower shell, cylindrical or less attenuated spire, and finer striations (
<bibRefCitation id="9AFE3E8F60F80E5BB06615AB94852278" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="7320BC8BE0D4AF3B31AE4617F5EE0127" ID-Table-UUID="7320BC8BE0D4AF3B31AE4617F5EE0127" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7320BC8BE0D4AF3B31AE4617F5EE0127" startId="T2">
<paragraph id="DB1853CB8AA8F28FFCDB4AA121039F5C">
<label id="AFDC6AAED1C98ED6A1F369D32332B044">Table 2.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A6A6BC1B83C1C4B936A3968DB5AA7888">
Comparison of shell morphology among subulinid genera recorded in Myanmar. The superscript numbers are references;
<superScript id="ECE15D5C974D777EE7391B1225EA12AD">1</superScript>
=
<bibRefCitation id="F6C219F37670EDEF209F6602ADF01F81" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry (1906)</bibRefCitation>
,
<superScript id="49BC9DACD0EFAC8B5911FCFDC8A81755">2</superScript>
=
<bibRefCitation id="2649DE2108183F4C4B7BF8531D4D03E6" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude (1914)</bibRefCitation>
,
<superScript id="2C6EB3CD618FAEFE4395DDD27F058507">3</superScript>
=
<bibRefCitation id="629FF68EB65BC221442723C896477D0D" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen (1920)</bibRefCitation>
,
<superScript id="7C5DDCCF66EBC605868BF40198193522">4</superScript>
=
<bibRefCitation id="4CFD38254EAC5898C0EE944814AD6C54" DOI="10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" author="Naggs F" firstAuthor="Naggs" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Molluscan Studies" pagination="175-191" refId="B65" refString="Naggs F (1994) The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae). The Journal of Molluscan Studies 60 (2): 175191. https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" title="The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae)." volume="60" year="1994">Naggs (1994)</bibRefCitation>
,
<superScript id="2CF7CE0FC9E9421BE5DDB4CFBFA5A209">5</superScript>
=
<bibRefCitation id="99FBAE6E2A8158F268349723285732EB" author="Schileyko AA" firstAuthor="Schileyko" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko (1999)</bibRefCitation>
, and
<superScript id="A9C1F4BEFE5381747CBC66F9541D5B6D">6</superScript>
=
<bibRefCitation id="941DF66DF41D44ADF474ED09DE7E2921" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" author="Budha PB &amp; Naggs F &amp; Backeljau T" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Budha" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="129-156" refId="B24" refString="Budha PB, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2017) Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species. ZooKeys 675: 129156. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" title="Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species." volume="675" year="2017">Budha et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="6F0E60C9DCB584D165B2F975A25DC6FF">
<table id="TID0ESFDK" rules="all">
<tbody id="97C5AAB6AFF4F9E4D8CD40E9F7BF2021">
<tr id="08910E65F8DBB004D71A8FFD840DB2D7">
<th id="93E32B70B82F75A6CBBE7EA1DB70F457" colspan="1" rowspan="2">Genus (type species)</th>
<th id="126CB3C952DA92A4DA0C7C2A1AC816EC" colspan="1" rowspan="2">Shell shape</th>
<th id="2D0775DD5C53EFF1153DBF4E2DEA4C25" colspan="1" rowspan="2">Spire</th>
<th id="83AB8CD07585C177CDBE09837AE6FE5B" colspan="2" rowspan="1">Sculpture</th>
<th id="EB1C3A52E572845FF547E9D183409A41" colspan="1" rowspan="2">Aperture shape</th>
<th id="30AEF052287EC61D2BC3D64E8EB442E4" colspan="1" rowspan="2">Columella</th>
</tr>
<tr id="4FF67A048660B21E9B014787A8EB9083">
<th id="BD717D8A5D853EEDF77CCE1AB4C11E98" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Embryonic whorl</th>
<th id="1D5D47DE0B87615716E0B346F2AF8610" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Spire whorl</th>
</tr>
<tr id="C481AB663495FEFD85234504C35353A4">
<td id="5E14DCEE4C825ADC2264B2C038EA1F1F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="D5FA58AA7FFD3F24EFCB2340766EA4A7" bold="true">
<taxonomicName id="07959CDCB70D297E34F62A0502DAB1E0" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1935" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Allopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="87B16A57A43C540D43BE202229B08DE0" bold="true" italics="true">Allopeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="E2C6A4698A231E86F7B194451270F789" authority="Hutton, 1834" authorityName="Hutton" authorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bulimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="EA441E1D8C2FB57AB5815E9453674A8B" bold="true" italics="true">Bulimus gracilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F038D9419FA158160146326D2062EB29" author="Hutton T" issue="26" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="81-93" refId="B45" refString="Hutton T (1834) On the land shells of India. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 3 (26): 81 - 93." title="On the land shells of India." volume="3" year="1834">Hutton, 1834</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
)
<superScript id="3C4BF77657604189EC7602E6972632D3">5</superScript>
</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="010FE273B4A91F60DB39261482B1900A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">slender conical</td>
<td id="324C944C247690BEE4A8721087C7E75F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">high and gradually attenuated</td>
<td id="50B720A72179F9BED7EADEEE51E0D1D7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">smooth</td>
<td id="B2E0F75F16A8D3F88BB981701646A55B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">striations</td>
<td id="1F703DCA0DBED2926B8277CD5D956265" colspan="1" rowspan="1">vertically broad; oblong</td>
<td id="D4D25FCB74FE551F6857C64F17B06889" colspan="1" rowspan="1">straight</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C4E98AA0F4015188763781B366BB98AF">
<td id="C1C8E4488AB0E4BAB9FB0EADC8B77043" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="AEAC3054E8166958D688AC490C062FB2" bold="true">
<taxonomicName id="D872B85F7E91B9C026C354ED3A74BF73" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bacillum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="159FB05DE341456E379B1CB6FDCEBE2C" bold="true" italics="true">Bacillum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="21EB7B2ACF1AB870AE25F6EC44B54224" authority="Reeve, 1849" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1849" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cassiaca">
<emphasis id="A1D780016B05A1AED52E31B58D6B5CB6" bold="true" italics="true">Achatina cassiaca</emphasis>
Reeve, 1849
</taxonomicName>
)
<superScript id="8C71AED0ECD89DAD7587ECC8D82686DC">1</superScript>
</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="B1645F280DD35B2CD10CFB09505A06FA" colspan="1" rowspan="1">slender conical</td>
<td id="678F2D4206D23029D91E38AD662F1275" colspan="1" rowspan="1">high, turreted, and gradually attenuated</td>
<td id="03651AB040EDF1FEB123917F9ABCE089" colspan="1" rowspan="1">striations</td>
<td id="55CFBB607F0DD12CD0201EE727D31B08" colspan="1" rowspan="1">obliqued striations or ribs</td>
<td id="35B80E098046D9686AEC0081EEB04DF1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">obliquely narrow; ovate</td>
<td id="B16E9C8E5272E4879A2263841D2E0EE2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">concave and truncated</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5B099A7AFC617791E62FDF048DFBD5DC">
<td id="ABCC4764E9C2BCFC6E2BA5471F03A89A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="3FE7D0F55BAC44B3B265D3C51EF3A30B" bold="true">
<taxonomicName id="352FBC3F86F9D568A1A9467C52823A1B" authorityName="Chaper" authorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AA57024E0F2FECE4C72FD21BDA20827E" bold="true" italics="true">Curvella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="7AD119D09C0EA12EC89F9B9DAE91A3A1" authority="Chaper, 1885" authorityName="Chaper" authorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sulcata">
<emphasis id="E8AFE1AD7920C37692F5A879C48197CE" bold="true" italics="true">Curvella sulcata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B370A63D9DDCEA63810AB8841B6347D8" DOI="10.5962/bhl.part.14302" author="Chaper M" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France" pagination="42-54" refId="B25" refString="Chaper M (1885) Description de quelques especes et genres nouveaux de coquilles vivantes de diverses provenances. Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France 10: 42 - 54. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 14302" title="Description de quelques espèces et genres nouveaux de coquilles vivantes de diverses provenances." volume="10" year="1885">Chaper, 1885</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
)
<superScript id="30957C1610E864F0C62D2760759B5225">1, 5</superScript>
</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="E5029BB1B80A47C9C0BA5CBEA3F2C3C6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">oblong-conical</td>
<td id="C9AE880CABE2344F39E7E09FDDF68022" colspan="1" rowspan="1">low or high conical and rapidly attenuated</td>
<td id="98849AC61E03D29BE035DB7A78C8F71D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">smooth</td>
<td id="5D526CBFEECC0C3B9948C911F73F3DE8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">equally or irregularly spaced striations or ribs</td>
<td id="F1395AD9A59FC512F5D73D0C2DD33445" colspan="1" rowspan="1">vertically broad; ovate; oblong</td>
<td id="D2990F5C48AC942A04F4DD5C7B16F92F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">straight</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4FB8A034B8AF9CD7DC55C109F7789F60">
<td id="F4967B76928839AB3DBFB71063488BF3" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="13427EE609D012B0AB08EF50DE0D62C8" bold="true">
<taxonomicName id="7353CC30136EE396C7C679072CC354F7" authorityName="von Martens" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="98629324F417F1CDF46AF2C7A45AE42B" bold="true" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="322C0B4C89E8ADC516CDA5EE2E764193" authority="Reeve, 1850" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gemma">
<emphasis id="678B57C2E65E1F468703303594DBCF8E" bold="true" italics="true">Achatina gemma</emphasis>
Reeve, 1850
</taxonomicName>
)
<superScript id="B219B159EE0EC8A05FCB61F120EC47B0">3, 6</superScript>
</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="097260ADCAA87BF9D6117B649DDD7543" colspan="1" rowspan="1">ovate-conical</td>
<td id="D5ACD3E325D522E209BFB151B99C840E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">low conical, and gradually attenuated</td>
<td id="D0194E76A52F7920CD2B6B6AEBEDCF66" colspan="1" rowspan="1">smooth or striations</td>
<td id="971DB39532459B40AF41C105CAAFABAD" colspan="1" rowspan="1">equally spaced of striations; grooves; radial ribs</td>
<td id="483B2D1F9B98CF209E26A5B5B7BAF17F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">obliquely narrow or broad; ovate</td>
<td id="57D4D9B0443CB1AC65E754CFB05BB09B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">concave and truncated</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DDE436AC7F8E524DA21024E4DCD533C2">
<td id="ECB52CA0F19688D6F5E180C50BB43F29" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="5942BC0BEBD70FC89FD0941EB12E5918" bold="true">
<taxonomicName id="957CDD4D4CA18FE69C70A0CEF410D1FF" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C8E9D816F826EF8834C355613866A780" bold="true" italics="true">Rishetia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="C22B096C54DC91A284A6BBDCAEAA5D4D" authority="Benson, 1836" authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tenuispira">
<emphasis id="762016C00A57CE261BDF252A13D20182" bold="true" italics="true">Achatina tenuispira</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7B64E7E600B4D29ED8C18D342FAC066A" author="Benson WH" issue="54" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="350-358" refId="B9" refString="Benson WH (1836) Descriptive catalogue of terrestrial and fluviatile Testacea, chiefly from the North-East frontier of Bengal. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 5 (54): 350 - 358. https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 37188459" title="Descriptive catalogue of terrestrial and fluviatile Testacea, chiefly from the North-East frontier of Bengal." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37188459" volume="5" year="1836">Benson, 1836</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
)
<superScript id="254EE7F9AC66C8C70886A5DCBFD1D4F8">3, 6</superScript>
</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="29EFF5F7CC16CE0868250BA29AA7BB2A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">slender conical</td>
<td id="19F58D7395E56488B94A2D500C4DBC04" colspan="1" rowspan="1">high, turreted, and gradually attenuated</td>
<td id="22C6BD870400350A1B98E927DB6805CC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">smooth or striations</td>
<td id="6080775B99645D0ACC71344295540F55" colspan="1" rowspan="1">equally or irregularly spaced striations or ribs</td>
<td id="50122F8BCD3318E634E70458CCEC8FBE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">obliquely, narrow; ovate</td>
<td id="3152F6661DB6BEC6C7359526B119AD63" colspan="1" rowspan="1">concave and truncated</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A21AE40A2F56B5988CCBBB82235D3CF7">
<td id="36ED2103BED334DE962F87084BC09979" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="27AC7ACC1676CED1E74B64EA23B26670" bold="true">
<taxonomicName id="3BB37E32D87E09B130A0DCEA4124C8E6" authorityName="Albers" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Opeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D68D3C1EDEA410AED2F7AA79C055DA44" bold="true" italics="true">Opeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="55F7568BD23BCCF53742DF4BADB63EAB" authority="Miller, 1822" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1822" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="goodallii">
<emphasis id="979C4C2785C584B33275F8F0176A38A9" bold="true" italics="true">Helix goodallii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="29C221775F8BAAC61E9F780936323DA3" author="Miller JS" issue="5" journalOrPublisher="Annals of Philosophy, New Series" pagination="376-381" refId="B60" refString="Miller JS (1822) A list of the freshwater and landshells occurring in the environment of Bristol, with observations. Annals of Philosophy, New Series 3 (5): 376 - 381. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 2498134" title="A list of the freshwater and landshells occurring in the environment of Bristol, with observations." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2498134" volume="3" year="1822">Miller, 1822</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
)
<superScript id="F3F38EFA4483D272B46722A4DA4EB88F">1, 5</superScript>
</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="170EF559C7BC33F11D5E649E50C2B77D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">slender conical</td>
<td id="77FD970AE4EDA8171878478E705C850D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">low or high, turreted, and gradually attenuated</td>
<td id="D025A03715F36DBE89B7EB2C246BD554" colspan="1" rowspan="1">smooth</td>
<td id="EF3778725C3865973B3C2A255B078078" colspan="1" rowspan="1">smooth; fine striations and growth lines</td>
<td id="EEE3336C1CF3FCDD47AFE3C0D57D28DF" colspan="1" rowspan="1">vertically narrow; oblong</td>
<td id="807F6B3A1646216351C9AF4F3B458361" colspan="1" rowspan="1">concave or straight</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C4CE4A257B096CB8554472DE3D6C6C82">
<td id="E40D0DDE0EF809E074FA5192D4622DEE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="78CC1BAF268E2584DF5B89395B2DE0FE" bold="true">
<taxonomicName id="62AC17213BAF900FF0A41D5B78EDBF71" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1906" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="518F679CD5A0FF32461A99D1BF7DB3ED" bold="true" italics="true">Paropeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="A74648D33C443D090C9ADFCF5CC795BB" authority="Mousson, 1857" authorityName="Mousson" authorityYear="1857" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bulimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="acutissimus">
<emphasis id="52F79DE234396299F4DEEC00809FCCD0" bold="true" italics="true">Bulimus acutissimus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="19518EB4DF7641A03756385EE5104A21" author="Mousson A" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal de Conchyliologie" pagination="154-164" refId="B64" refString="Mousson A (1857) Novitates Zollingerianae (1). Journal de Conchyliologie 6 (2): 154 - 164." title="Novitates Zollingerianae (1)." volume="6" year="1857">Mousson, 1857</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
)
<superScript id="390BB9F63CB054AD88A46EFEF35F7228">1, 2, 4</superScript>
</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="9C2645CE758F627AA79E9D75BA4A83CF" colspan="1" rowspan="1">slender conical</td>
<td id="C2892104302BC4E18358F94013FC0D07" colspan="1" rowspan="1">high, turreted, and gradually attenuated</td>
<td id="D36670038CDAFBB3373CF14D3BBFA647" colspan="1" rowspan="1">striations</td>
<td id="8ABE75059E6BDE40E5927BF02E8C9F1B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">irregular, dense, fine or coarse striations</td>
<td id="FBDF29C4F544AEB7861953E5EE30B0CA" colspan="1" rowspan="1">obliquely narrow or broad; ovate</td>
<td id="EE7D3E2BCA2EFE87295E6860514A6706" colspan="1" rowspan="1">concave or straight</td>
</tr>
<tr id="94EE1ED4F9F4B0547A1B663A78832E86">
<td id="CCCBB3FF5353A566EBC797D808806887" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="4F47001DB4AE11988E4F5558B20856BB" bold="true">
<taxonomicName id="98459D3354CCE5EDFA55830DCE055126" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1906" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Tortaxis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1AF6DF9017B9CD06EE3CBEF5A4808513" bold="true" italics="true">Tortaxis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="95AD6776C99F5DA214BF8B0EDDE99BDE" authority="Benson, 1842" authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1842" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="erecta">
<emphasis id="D01FF1CC5B7B6A3D78E46FABCDA848A3" bold="true" italics="true">Achatina erecta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="46F0AB3F62ABFFFC689E6E82FD4645B8" author="Benson WH" refId="B10" refString="Benson WH (1842) Mollusca. In: T. Cantor, General features of Chusan, with remarks on the flora and fauna of that island. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 1 9 (60): 486 - 490. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 18684698" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/18684698" year="1842">Benson, 1842</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
)
<superScript id="8A74DFC64482C69721EBBE9398C3AB99">1</superScript>
</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="61B1B4ECC0DC15770AEA5D4B55A67CF3" colspan="1" rowspan="1">cylindrical to slender conical</td>
<td id="E0746C43C69C5FF0BD3757873EC61503" colspan="1" rowspan="1">high, mostly turreted, narrowly or cylindrically attenuated</td>
<td id="0718A3B8455591D8E171ABC3736DE5BF" colspan="1" rowspan="1">smooth</td>
<td id="6C4682F0A53150B889CEBFDDBE43CB2A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">striations and growth lines</td>
<td id="2277905D9B1D4E3C93952B1B5CB2D661" colspan="1" rowspan="1">vertically narrow; oblong</td>
<td id="B6F30FA804FEE0FDBA217D9FCC8BBA3C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">concave or straight and with spiral fold below</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CEC1FD79D2BF0CF1D2FD010DC45B33C7">
<td id="F8C73B989F76757450D7A996642C9F3B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<emphasis id="89651B87F39DC1124081BA2FF45166E8" bold="true">
<taxonomicName id="4C9271FCAE7128653BF172BA3159BFAA" authorityName="Westerlund" authorityYear="1887" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Zootecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0CB9A5D587BF3957EC5A5D09B771545D" bold="true" italics="true">Zootecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="95D44D1E425B94B8B122C3BFE0985037" authority="Ehrenberg, 1831" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1831" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Pupa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="B4588F92B4FFB6E5C7C930DF03981DD6" bold="true" italics="true">Pupa insularis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="134EB62669FBB236F9FAE321E2E4E78A" author="Ehrenberg CG" refId="B31" refString="Ehrenberg CG (1831) Animalia evertebrata. Symbolae physicae seu icones et descriptiones naturalium novorum aut minus cognitorum quae ex itineribus Lybiam Aegyptum Nubiam Dongalam Syriam Arabiam et Habessinian. Pars Zoologica. Abhandlungen der deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften. 4: (unpaginated). https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 48517192" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48517192" year="1831">Ehrenberg, 1831</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
)
<superScript id="10D030EE658425159E0F20508C96F225">5</superScript>
</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="DAD153CBDC6773A131B74D6F2428A7A1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">pupiform</td>
<td id="1FDF6F86A0A93ED7B3CA1C647954254D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">high, broad, and cylindrical</td>
<td id="70CD1E190F20DB5E214911214141ACD8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">smooth</td>
<td id="A2998F905ADCEDB38674D4ECC35C4285" colspan="1" rowspan="1">irregular, dense, fine or coarse striations</td>
<td id="6E162CDEBADD028CF0D8EB9A753CBFF1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">obliquely broad; oblong; rounded</td>
<td id="F5FF3DEFC84F8DC8BBC8F5574696202C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">straight</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A2E9713D70AFA69D3BE93201C3BAD452">
The genus
<taxonomicName id="EFEED6B6424FE68C68BDB5394D036D2C" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1935" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Allopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="78EDB3EC25C5094FB1DE47181B624406" italics="true">Allopeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
consists of ~ 25 species distributed across tropical regions of Asia, Europe, Africa, and America (
<bibRefCitation id="2E13E353EEEABDF4413B972EF1620E62" author="Schileyko" firstAuthor="Schileyko" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko 1999</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="F765A7217FF7EFFC9129C736409CD192" DOI="10.14284/448" author="MolluscaBase" firstAuthor="MolluscaBase" refId="B61" refString="MolluscaBase eds (2023) MolluscaBase. https://www.molluscabase.org [in 202307 17] https://doi.org/10.14284/448" url="https://www.molluscabase.org" year="2023">MolluscaBase 2023</bibRefCitation>
). In Southeast Asia,
<collectingCountry id="325EF24E3797FD80D8840D979F9C4C2C" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
has recorded four species (
<bibRefCitation id="7E89E3885C3B7B348E30349C8ACBF478" author="Schileyko" firstAuthor="Schileyko" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Ruthenica" pagination="1-68" refId="B96" refString="Schileyko AA (2011) Checklist of land pulmonate molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora). Ruthenica 21 (1): 168." title="Checklist of land pulmonate molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)." volume="21" year="2011">Schileyko 2011</bibRefCitation>
), while
<collectingCountry id="53D60A5BDF97541F75FA993CBDD60C3D" name="Cambodia">Cambodia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="13A86BC6CDE59440FFBF580D2838E399" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="DBE0BF67727542AE1A9F4365E91968FA" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="703F8F308D3C350465EB20C67AAB6881" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
have reported only one species, namely
<taxonomicName id="D0D4B390BDE304141260764CC76078DF" baseAuthorityName="Hutton" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Allopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracile">
<emphasis id="902B0EE0A189D754A3BDC5914DACAF60" italics="true">Allopeas gracile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="843E59ACDC70293469C3B863C5ADE49C" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1A7E8A1BC72127BE8064C4F54C0E4A33" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" author="Inkhavilay" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Inkhavilay" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="1-166" refId="B47" refString="Inkhavilay K, Sutcharit C, Bantaowong U, Chanabun R, Siriwut W, Srisonchai R, Pholyotha A, Jirapatrasilp P, Panha S (2019) Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 834: 1166. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" title="Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda)." volume="834" year="2019">Inkhavilay et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="F340A93D86B4CD5B49486F18C60A8AC0" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.948.51671" author="Sutcharit C &amp; Thach P &amp; Chhuoy S &amp; Ngor PB &amp; Jeratthitikul E &amp; Siriwut W &amp; Panha S" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="1-46" refId="B102" refString="Sutcharit C, Thach P, Chhuoy S, Ngor PB, Jeratthitikul E, Siriwut W, Panha S (2020 b) Annotated checklist of the land snail fauna from southern Cambodia (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 948: 146. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.948.51671" title="Annotated checklist of the land snail fauna from southern Cambodia (Mollusca, Gastropoda)." volume="948">Sutcharit et al. 2020 b</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
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<mods:affiliation id="148E6DC885B11BF13A1146750B4E2202">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand &amp; Department of Zoology, University of Yangon, University Avenue Road, Kamayut Township 11041, Yangon, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="445266D7DA4A0139D4148D5463CBF624">Ablett, Jonathan D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BA30C012FC2DD5ADC70BDC57DFB258B6">Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="32A5A228A2CF161B8B9AF1A44ED8DC46">2024</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="CDFA1E321A88347C0411F19F0625B733" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="25BB5DB276D178BC545B5180E255967F">
<heading id="0F7AEF61A05D12FB5B4ACB138C40421F" reason="label">28</heading>
<taxonomicName id="E8C023C12847D07AE262A2BE6E615998" authority="(Blanford, 1871)" authorityName="Man &amp; Ablett &amp; Lwin &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1871" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="baculina" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B3AE57AFE63BE3B3E534CE4BC380165A" italics="true">Rishetia baculina</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9FB0B329285DD103391969574E01CDEB" author="Blanford WT" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="39-45" refId="B18" refString="Blanford WT (1871) On some undescribed species of Camptoceras and other land shells. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 40: 39 - 45. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 35630849" title="On some undescribed species of Camptoceras and other land shells." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35630849" volume="40" year="1871">Blanford, 1871</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7ECE92090C450F8474F95A0F3C85DE13" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FD8E95CED24E92B31ED515978F3B73B" type="description">
<paragraph id="1DAA932965730FB6BFD4EFB92A42F95C">
<figureCitation id="7E8B0762C77EBEBD6F6653C1AFA54E84" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. A C Rishetia akouktoungensis, syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2207 from Akouktoung, Pegu D Rishetia baculina, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.9 from Kursiong, Darjiling E, F Rishetia basseinensis, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.19 from Bassein G I Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli G holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 1 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima H specimen NHMUK 1988147 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, west of Kyengdwen River, Burma and I paratypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 24 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104511">Fig. 13 D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="92D21EE2CDC57E9458A0629734BB4B9C">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="382BEE6D1C5EBAEC63C7DE9424CDEEA7">
<treatmentCitation id="E8945AEAD8C23B5831E74A21E2BB9177" author="Blanford WT" page="43" year="1871">
<taxonomicName id="3024B3CA2DB4F6DA589013853DABDC89" ID-CoL="7RFHT" authority="Blanford, 1871: 43" authorityName="Blanford" authorityPageNumber="43" authorityYear="1871" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="baculina">
<emphasis id="0B5284B15A5B9C30D975E05C22480A41" italics="true">Glessula baculina</emphasis>
<comment id="8A54CD302C771F22A57C7451C076CA67">
<bibRefCitation id="8F5263F30F13177CA4339D80B90E91BD" author="Blanford WT" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="39-45" refId="B18" refString="Blanford WT (1871) On some undescribed species of Camptoceras and other land shells. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 40: 39 - 45. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 35630849" title="On some undescribed species of Camptoceras and other land shells." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35630849" volume="40" year="1871">Blanford, 1871: 43</bibRefCitation>
, 44, pl. 2, fig. 6. Type locality: Khersiong Himalayae Sikkimensis.
<treatmentCitation id="63FBC21BCABB6404393D88938CE974D8" author="Beddome CR" page="160" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="D67579DA49A5566D1B10EB8CD36DFDE3" DOI="10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" author="Beddome CR" firstAuthor="Beddome" page="160" refId="B8" refString="Beddome CR (1906) Notes on Indian and Ceylonese species of Glessula. The Journal of Molluscan Studies 6 (3): 160172. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" year="1906">Beddome 1906: 160</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="A72CF85145E20DD1CEE8854DBD036CFC" author="Gude GK" page="379" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="D52756DE18DDAE1C6E0508AA042D44C1" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="379" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 379</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 380.
<treatmentCitation id="AE15D926D0571180128DB61A62405D3F" author="Godwin-Austen HH" page="14 - 16" year="1920">
<bibRefCitation id="D4E7C46B5E856EDCB57C40ACBF80A1D5" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="14 - 16" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920: 1416</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 159, fig. 7.
<treatmentCitation id="DEF75B0FC5930FB1A888B19407E76C06" author="Ramakrishna &amp; Mitra SC &amp; Dey A" page="153" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation id="4FEAD2ADE5A687047E7E1CB0F78EC31D" author="Ramakrishna &amp; Mitra SC &amp; Dey A" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ramakrishna" page="153" refId="B91" refString="Ramakrishna, Mitra SC, Dey A (2010) Annotated checklist of Indian land molluscs. Occasional paper no. 306. Zoological Survey of India, 359 pp." year="2010">Ramakrishna et al. 2010: 153</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="79EF1E1050C2828E7C77231F88C5E846">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="98950FD41BE92C6549C92E095AF01C5A">
<treatmentCitation id="FAB07202EA1C56E8B0E88885EA71A43A">
<taxonomicName id="953277996DB64F724BC414B97C1CD342" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1871" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="baculina" subGenus="Electra">
<emphasis id="10BFAA299C831E69DC77FA5CB2F5F245" italics="true">Achatina</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="0FA2C895C3F9C90021FD371B28A63743" italics="true">Electra</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="E6C6E2F30629C0632BDEBE0BDB179C64" italics="true">baculina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
— Hanley and Theobald 1873: 33, pl. 78, fig. 6.
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C97930CF7D5647756A438F63014A419">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="16E1696738F4D4B296C37DEA459DCD02">
<taxonomicName id="2375FB7A95956B3140B7AFBC1D0C1444" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1871" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="baculina">
<emphasis id="6BC200964C318AA6BF4C06D73ADA056D" italics="true">Achatina baculina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="13A58EEB276445072282DF29DB14A9D5">
<treatmentCitation id="6D52652ABD3C85C6F3F6A5440850DCAE" author="Pfeiffer L" page="291" year="1876">
<bibRefCitation id="5217F196CD0EA7AEF6CA476015FCDBEC" author="Pfeiffer L" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" page="291" refId="B81" refString="Pfeiffer L (1876) [18761877] Monographia Heliceorum Viventium: sistens descriptiones systematicas et criticas omnium huius familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum. Volumen Octavum. Lipsiae: F. A. Brockhaus, 729 pp. [pp 1480 (1876); pp 481729 (1877)] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47348" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47348" year="1876">Pfeiffer 1876: 291</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FD6B824D32B81DE365278BC9546FD105">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="E6A017CFC473BEB448659AC32DFD7E9C">
<taxonomicName id="71EB9F6123B0F62E147A451A86252FD1" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1871" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="baculin" subGenus="Glessula">
<emphasis id="E414262A02DB5019C9064A2E80DCF25A" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="46E7E7E49DD1F8EDC98A514C789D2F9D" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="7B27203D2C0325577E986DBE8484E94E" italics="true">baculin</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="B8FA189254D7BD2840006B0B9CFD2F66">
a —
<treatmentCitation id="33A16D1A13D73FE941CED9414C1B5258" author="Nevill G" page="170" year="1878">
<bibRefCitation id="F6DF4636F2670D6B8FF2356A9338AF71" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11957" author="Nevill G" firstAuthor="Nevill" journalOrPublisher="Indian Museum, Calcutta" page="170" refId="B69" refString="Nevill G (1878) Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda. Indian Museum, Calcutta, 338 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11957" title="Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda." year="1878">Nevill 1878: 170</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63C1E58869C4BD8BECD8612696AC95C5">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="37133B4CC4A816834D8C45AABE42C111">
<taxonomicName id="963D3589430EF7F9392C6EE572453E2F" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1871" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="baculina" subGenus="Subulina">
<emphasis id="724E3330A89BF1C1BD9B5A86708FB90B" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="06A0574FC913E9B10B723200BA92F78A" italics="true">Subulina</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="074F45C980A8547182C38310C9B175BE" italics="true">baculina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="20A956B7D226CD5E2A0B2D610A62BFF2">
<treatmentCitation id="D2E41AA21BBFFD1C0CFBCF2628731518" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" page="327" year="1881">
<bibRefCitation id="23728D5E74CF9ABCCFE8F8677B2AE023" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" journalOrPublisher="Kassel, Fischer" page="327" refId="B82" refString="Pfeiffer L, Clessin S (1881) Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali. Kassel, Fischer, 617 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" title="Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" year="1881">Pfeiffer and Clessin 1881: 327</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="76A8B0A5064E6BB3A0FA3B75A7DCA9A9">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="119B3629D0EF8CF97661EEBE72EAA2C3">
<treatmentCitation id="03A27ECDE71341176B3CDA66833F610C">
<taxonomicName id="6CF224A462D2AC5E8D05A1BF8223C3E7" ID-CoL="7RFHT" authorityName="Blanford" authorityYear="1871" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="tenuispira" variety="baculina">
<emphasis id="E12B4AFC55BD0AA63782D4BF678073CF" italics="true">Glessula tenuispira var. baculina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
— Pilsbry 1909: 88, 89, pl. 9, fig. 2.
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E51DK" type="Type specimens">
<paragraph id="10927B4BB803179C93C0727B441D744A">
<heading id="8DA15C448B0B38A1F39429D3B41E9E54" reason="title">Type specimens.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B3B0AF8DA930F72211D53B3482DE76A">
<materialsCitation id="9B31A680C4544F8CB83D2A630F82393C" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="Godwin-Austen" location="Darjiling" municipality="Kursiong" specimenCode="1909.3. 15.9" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
<emphasis id="A70D775023372E082056FC1E43B35476" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="BEA5E9D17A5FECCC387F4218271BD16B" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<named-content id="EDA91CA0FCD7CACE19F27295E493F224" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="DD8A76231242352E43B73E29DD8700E4" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
<specimenCode id="D5A30F1F17014B1B4CC9A3E7AC2CD458">1909.3. 15.9</specimenCode>
[re-registered in error as 19850144] (3 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="4565D3310A0C4B29215B839D20C52A7C" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. A C Rishetia akouktoungensis, syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2207 from Akouktoung, Pegu D Rishetia baculina, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.9 from Kursiong, Darjiling E, F Rishetia basseinensis, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.19 from Bassein G I Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli G holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 1 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima H specimen NHMUK 1988147 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, west of Kyengdwen River, Burma and I paratypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 24 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104511">13 D</figureCitation>
) ex.
<collectorName id="D09B4088CF060999D7054604905C0C80">Godwin-Austen</collectorName>
ex. Blanford collection from
<collectingMunicipality id="4A6421A40C75FF298F3BE1D3FB2108BE">Kursiong</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="EC63E156B6DB64C3BB73494136056F7D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D67938983302511CB154F5C93C3A4B88:EC63E156B6DB64C3BB73494136056F7D" municipality="Kursiong" name="Darjiling">Darjiling</location>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ES2DK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="6CADF1AFC4CA84E1DD6D02C208135053">
<heading id="6C0D8AE974256E2E69676E347072E1CA" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="475C559B26FCA1482456D15237D94743">Shell slender, elongate turreted and rapidly attenuated; apex rounded; subsequent whorls with fine and equally spaced radial ribs throughout. Suture impressed and whorls slightly convex. Aperture obliquely ovate; columella strong, concave, and truncated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EX2DK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="1F823BA6D03D0068DDD2E45B78352B3C">
<heading id="7D818C5CE906EFD5562871E463A54B94" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="601C8B2C434025C81F6F64C7667D104F">
This species was originally discovered in
<collectingCountry id="8CEB0083E42E1AFEF25E0AC6D8C0D7DB" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
and later reported from the
<collectingRegion id="D49D5BC769E043CE2EFF9D2EA5B870BF" country="Myanmar" name="Magway">Magway Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="65EC0680C5880043B360A505A42161AF" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="63424C88757335356FFAF3FFA01940BF" author="Godwin-Austen" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EB3DK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="DCE07344C33A2B6995DB7E35EEF32EBB">
<heading id="C5FB19AC061B627105D800A05843EB93" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="09A648CD46CEC902FA9DFE17AB709D8B">
<bibRefCitation id="15982FBF21154237AD8B4C4E97EEDBD0" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="15" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen (1920: 15)</bibRefCitation>
stated that specimens identified to this species in the Beddome collection were collected from Thyet Myo [Thayet District,
<collectingRegion id="13B6F7D2B663A9AB65C962258E5EC510" country="Myanmar" name="Magway">Magway Region</collectingRegion>
]. However, the
<collectingCountry id="1B4CF9A922BAC082CBCAD14AF3B81C27" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
specimens show noticeable differences from the type specimens in having a more attenuated apex, and larger and broader aperture.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
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<subSubSection id="3C8F35D8B27B44C53E36DAE4615E7920" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B790E348A0E920A2EE5474933382FE26">
<heading id="71EC6C9F2690C8FB4544D79F1AC41F09" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="DA7C0E597C9A02EABFCBC4D2B1D718E7" authority="Chaper, 1885" authorityName="Chaper" authorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EE35644A89216C7CD40F70E22B0E4643" italics="true">Curvella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9A4D9B25582DB88C60729D1D8880CFB3" DOI="10.5962/bhl.part.14302" author="Chaper M" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France" pagination="42-54" refId="B25" refString="Chaper M (1885) Description de quelques especes et genres nouveaux de coquilles vivantes de diverses provenances. Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France 10: 42 - 54. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 14302" title="Description de quelques espèces et genres nouveaux de coquilles vivantes de diverses provenances." volume="10" year="1885">Chaper, 1885</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E295C4FAC6B2521825DE2B1B8A8D7C14" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="AB355C6991AEA6250164A25A2B3144C8">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="1FE04216126C924C66A91A35C859198D">
<treatmentCitation id="BF6A489200E16CD0FBE32D5A8C88D6A5" author="Albers JC" page="140" year="1850">
<taxonomicName id="EE2E41EA1FAA53528F7AA34EB8094170" authority="Albers, 1850: 140" authorityName="Albers" authorityPageNumber="140" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bulimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Hapalus">
<emphasis id="623293D93F8A6958739D24866709103C" italics="true">Bulimus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B0312E46819349010631C9505F079CD8" italics="true">Hapalus</emphasis>
)
<comment id="452618812EB4C80B86CBC5617D2DEA84">
<bibRefCitation id="B6CEB4183E875705A181D57C7074CD90" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11507" author="Albers JC" journalOrPublisher="Enslin, Berlin" refId="B2" refString="Albers JC (1850) Die Heliceen nach naturlicher Verwandtschaft systematisch geordnet. Enslin, Berlin, 262 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11507" title="Die Heliceen nach natürlicher Verwandtschaft systematisch geordnet." year="1850">Albers, 1850: 140</bibRefCitation>
. [non
<treatmentCitation id="933F0DE14D21C14AE8D6A0A29C8F5CCE">
<bibRefCitation id="24279AD8E5FC23C39933C4173295D07E" author="Illiger" firstAuthor="Illiger" journalOrPublisher="Magazin für Insektenkunde" pagination="125-155" refId="B46" refString="Illiger JCW (1801) Namen der Insekten-Gattungen, ihr Genitiv, ihr grammatisches Geschlecht, ihr Silbenmass, ihr Herleitung; zugleich mit den Deutschen Benennungen. Magazin für Insektenkunde 1: 125155." title="Namen der Insekten-Gattungen, ihr Genitiv, ihr grammatisches Geschlecht, ihr Silbenmass, ihr Herleitung; zugleich mit den Deutschen Benennungen." volume="1" year="1801">Illiger 1801</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(Coleoptera)]. Type species
<taxonomicName id="ACA8DF986FB7EB44FEB07E71CCA8A78F" authority="Pfeiffer, 1846" authorityName="Pfeiffer" authorityYear="1846" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bulimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grateloupi">
<emphasis id="3414A92BCE8AD2106B30B5CFA252C457" italics="true">Bulimus</emphasis>
grateloupi
<bibRefCitation id="D253233861D277C4F20FD992F7267892" author="Pfeiffer L" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pagination="41-43" refId="B74" refString="Pfeiffer L (1846) Descriptions of nine new species of Helicea, collected by Hugh Cuming, Esq. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 14: 41 - 43." title="Descriptions of nine new species of Helicea, collected by Hugh Cuming, Esq." volume="14" year="1846">Pfeiffer, 1846</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="3D4CFF85678FD70D626C30A8DE3C9515" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11218" author="Albers JC" firstAuthor="Albers" journalOrPublisher="Wilhelm Englemann, Leipzig" page="238" refId="B3" refString="Albers JC (1860) Die Heliceen nach Natürlicher Verwandtschaft Systematisch Geordnet, 2 nd edn. (manuscript edited by E. von Martens). Wilhelm Englemann, Leipzig, 359 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11218" title="Die Heliceen nach Natürlicher Verwandtschaft Systematisch Geordnet, 2 nd edn. (manuscript edited by E. von Martens)." year="1860">Albers 1860: 238</bibRefCitation>
.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4887D1246929F4D9B6561889A50CEA51">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="774886A497CC3726608504F8E1CFF04F">
<taxonomicName id="C7005B4EB9B29573ADF98E290BBBA441" ID-CoL="7P2LQ" authorityName="Chaper" authorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="79D6A55CF58AA005223E37157A4CA46A" italics="true">Curvella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="BF0DA458723581531B100F32B6AD90B8">
<treatmentCitation id="F1D64AB38D3B5919B03D14FFF0AE305A" author="Chaper M" page="49" year="1885">
<bibRefCitation id="265562FE2CF5967748E5AAD5BCD5B5A2" DOI="10.5962/bhl.part.14302" author="Chaper M" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France" pagination="42-54" refId="B25" refString="Chaper M (1885) Description de quelques especes et genres nouveaux de coquilles vivantes de diverses provenances. Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France 10: 42 - 54. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 14302" title="Description de quelques espèces et genres nouveaux de coquilles vivantes de diverses provenances." volume="10" year="1885">Chaper, 1885: 49</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="F380D51613D907024D86054C1E77A533" author="Pilsbry HA" page="46" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="11A51FE62F623DAEB68926A341BAD0EC" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" page="46" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906: 46</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="FA7F44D07961C5D258D6755C5C124A6B" author="Gude GK" page="348" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="065755969DA0EAAAA3DC813736566C0D" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="348" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 348</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="60C22DDB5A85886C5CAE8D32DB143951" author="Zilch A" page="351" year="1959">
<bibRefCitation id="D4005A63C25DF8801CAC690266E93FBC" author="Zilch A" editor="Schindewolf OH" firstAuthor="Zilch" journalOrPublisher="Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin" page="351" pagination="201-400" refId="B124" refString="Zilch A (1959) Gastropoda, Euthyneura. In: Schindewolf OH (Ed.) Handbuch der Paläozoologie, Band 6, Gastropoda. Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin, 201400." title="Gastropoda, Euthyneura." volumeTitle="Handbuch der Paläozoologie, Band 6, Gastropoda." year="1959">Zilch 1959: 351</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="F69604F617969587BDE46E938D4B3355" author="Schileyko AA" page="515" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="9F3C0380EAD9F4AA3742D6259F2F1C1F" author="Schileyko AA" firstAuthor="Schileyko" page="515" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko 1999: 515</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. Budha et at. 2017: 120.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EPVBG" type="type species">
<paragraph id="295579026A76BBD33E03838DC2382534">
<heading id="518CFC3D8D24967DC1FAB78144C81A1B" reason="title">Type species.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3D5F54A6C3566C045F76A5D61D05E87A">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5991ACF1ED16D49FA8A00C57EEAA42D5">
<taxonomicName id="1E5C92A07143D7044BF1E307EB435E7A" ID-CoL="6C38M" authority="Chaper, 1885" authorityName="Chaper" authorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sulcata">
<emphasis id="83CC819A316D1404811D899D50F93AC5" italics="true">Curvella sulcata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="97E2578B7EC74DD5F5DC8D40A8D123C6" DOI="10.5962/bhl.part.14302" author="Chaper M" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France" pagination="42-54" refId="B25" refString="Chaper M (1885) Description de quelques especes et genres nouveaux de coquilles vivantes de diverses provenances. Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France 10: 42 - 54. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 14302" title="Description de quelques espèces et genres nouveaux de coquilles vivantes de diverses provenances." volume="10" year="1885">Chaper, 1885</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation in
<treatmentCitation id="9D0BA9E9E7D23C7D4B188F6BBE09C7A4" author="Chaper M" page="48" year="1885">
<bibRefCitation id="7A1F304936AC038A4B2B252B28CA0898" DOI="10.5962/bhl.part.14302" author="Chaper M" firstAuthor="Chaper" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France" page="48" pagination="42-54" refId="B25" refString="Chaper M (1885) Description de quelques espèces et genres nouveaux de coquilles vivantes de diverses provenances. Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France 10: 4254. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.14302" title="Description de quelques espèces et genres nouveaux de coquilles vivantes de diverses provenances." volume="10" year="1885">Chaper (1885: 48)</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EEWBG" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="05CE2C237B4980A4F11E5BCFFC177D6C">
<heading id="986D0315DD8A13D28B083F02FA4ED028" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E1E874A14D485477559FD9AC05562C8A">Shell oblong-conical; spire low or high and rapidly attenuated; embryonic whorls smooth; subsequent whorls with equally or irregularly spaced thick or fine radial striations or ribs. Aperture vertical, broad-ovate, or oblong, and somewhat pointed above; columella straight; columellar margin expanded near umbilicus. Penis simple and short papillate or short tube; epiphallus and flagellum absent; vagina large, muscular, and nearly equal to penis length.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EJWBG" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="9BA7FEEC8EAE7EF5A12863B9F6E57227">
<heading id="67B4756F3523F6DFF3C5E10057EE983C" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7155DC93985CDDC9B70B672FABD2E147">
<taxonomicName id="568750C68C3225C6546C8C07C7317629" authorityName="Chaper" authorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="235AA3C30C39A1F2200C39682258D068" italics="true">Curvella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is clearly distinct from other subulinid genera such as
<taxonomicName id="E85E5CEDB33841865F9D377F2647D056" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1935" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Allopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FFC70378D811D1761B0E6B72F3970C2C" italics="true">Allopeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="850B8366ED5910462838654C30A2699B" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bacillum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="299FC02DEDB1F3EA2A72D7E1A92DEAB1" italics="true">Bacillum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="8E068B238EB8541F427C91C371B3F38B" authorityName="Albers" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Opeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2A567203F4EA7D404F82A736EEE49993" italics="true">Opeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its oblong-conical shell, short spire, high and wide aperture, and its much broader last whorls (Table
<tableCitation id="3C46D7DD55128BE884FAFCCE99608262" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of shell morphology among subulinid genera recorded in Myanmar. The superscript numbers are references; 1 = Pilsbry (1906), 2 = Gude (1914), 3 = Godwin-Austen (1920), 4 = Naggs (1994), 5 = Schileyko (1999), and 6 = Budha et al. (2017)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7320BC8BE0D4AF3B31AE4617F5EE0127" tableUuid="7320BC8BE0D4AF3B31AE4617F5EE0127">2</tableCitation>
). Regarding the genitalia, this genus displays a more rounded, muscular, short penis and a thicker vagina than
<taxonomicName id="2202B1F35773CF8C3E823EDD975A0E26" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1935" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Allopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EFA7CA64A96CCEA425697483BD5292CC" italics="true">Allopeas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="5FACE81F7E2EB15B048B302AE2A0376F" authority="(Schileyko 1999)" baseAuthorityName="Schileyko" baseAuthorityYear="1999" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Opeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="19F92CAFAC5F9C0CF2CB0DA51D00C3A8" italics="true">Opeas</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="41021936B1984013C809EA0602CF412F" author="Schileyko" firstAuthor="Schileyko" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko 1999</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. In comparison, the two latter genera have a slender, narrow, more elongated penis and vagina compared to
<taxonomicName id="82220920B3CB79B13028C4C5B33FFCAE" authorityName="Chaper" authorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6B10453E8E65FA239FF3ACFBC5632911" italics="true">Curvella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8E8440DA2838A20BB735B1358E4C4498" author="Schileyko" firstAuthor="Schileyko" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko 1999</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="99C7A73143364B3F40283C2057D3BC36" DOI="10.3126/njbs.v7i1.41801" author="Budha" firstAuthor="Budha" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Nepalese Journal of Biosciences" pagination="120-124" refId="B22" refString="Budha PB (2017) First record of Curvella sikkimensis (Reeve, 1850) (Pulmonata: Subulinidae: Subulininae) from Nepal and its reproductive organs. Nepalese Journal of Biosciences 7 (1): 120124. https://doi.org/10.3126/njbs.v7i1.41801" title="First record of Curvella sikkimensis (Reeve, 1850) (Pulmonata: Subulinidae: Subulininae) from Nepal and its reproductive organs." volume="7" year="2017">Budha 2017</bibRefCitation>
). However, only genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="04C4371996C9CA0832AD4AD011F987F9" authority="(Reeve, 1850)" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sikkimensis">
<emphasis id="A14166E1750F9B1F8F4FDF578CE709B5" italics="true">Curvella sikkimensis</emphasis>
(Reeve, 1850)
</taxonomicName>
is known for this genus at present (
<bibRefCitation id="ED68BD53CD33279CA02A0908FDE66215" DOI="10.3126/njbs.v7i1.41801" author="Budha" firstAuthor="Budha" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Nepalese Journal of Biosciences" pagination="120-124" refId="B22" refString="Budha PB (2017) First record of Curvella sikkimensis (Reeve, 1850) (Pulmonata: Subulinidae: Subulininae) from Nepal and its reproductive organs. Nepalese Journal of Biosciences 7 (1): 120124. https://doi.org/10.3126/njbs.v7i1.41801" title="First record of Curvella sikkimensis (Reeve, 1850) (Pulmonata: Subulinidae: Subulininae) from Nepal and its reproductive organs." volume="7" year="2017">Budha 2017</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5DFCD1915537B3EE1CEC369B686E0D1A">
This genus is widely distributed from Africa to South Asia and
<collectingCountry id="2B85D507E05EE70DB3FDEE4D3C7BE03E" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
, and ~ 95 species have been reported (
<bibRefCitation id="C5DFEB337C68214D7E021D20CADC24F6" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AFEFC80AEEEE1F555ABC4CCF23BB4181" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="64B702691D037379D11F9D903899D787" author="Schileyko" firstAuthor="Schileyko" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko 1999</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="BA132046D7AB14AB71507D7F9998029D" author="Ramakrishna" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ramakrishna" refId="B91" refString="Ramakrishna, Mitra SC, Dey A (2010) Annotated checklist of Indian land molluscs. Occasional paper no. 306. Zoological Survey of India, 359 pp." year="2010">Ramakrishna et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="7B2122B416A4FF1B817B9A619B9C0988" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" author="Budha" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Budha" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="129-156" refId="B24" refString="Budha PB, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2017) Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species. ZooKeys 675: 129156. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" title="Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species." volume="675" year="2017">Budha et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="0DFA9A534A230004D0995A1E6F1DA6E3" DOI="10.14284/448" author="MolluscaBase" firstAuthor="MolluscaBase" refId="B61" refString="MolluscaBase eds (2023) MolluscaBase. https://www.molluscabase.org [in 202307 17] https://doi.org/10.14284/448" url="https://www.molluscabase.org" year="2023">MolluscaBase 2023</bibRefCitation>
). There are scattered reports of four
<taxonomicName id="183E2B441B6F094B7CAA80B4588A9C31">
<emphasis id="B698F27E0FD4C8D7B958A99B63DACECC" italics="true">Curvella</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="9083715D8D7F5413336565D5806264D2" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, while one species,
<taxonomicName id="2CAC6D2888DA36ADB12789B5AAF62879" authority="Jaeckel, 1950" authorityName="Jaeckel" authorityYear="1950" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tonkiniana">
<emphasis id="858698AC3C2E29CF1BDA111776282E60" italics="true">C. tonkiniana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5789427E3B2B9FB4BEC8C0D9459A6095" author="Jaeckel S" journalOrPublisher="Archiv für Molluskenkunde" pagination="15-20" refId="B49" refString="Jaeckel S (1950) Die Mollusken eines tropischen Flussgenistes aus Tonkin. Archiv fur Molluskenkunde 79: 15 - 20." title="Die Mollusken eines tropischen Flußgenistes aus Tonkin." volume="79" year="1950">Jaeckel, 1950</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, has been reported in
<collectingCountry id="305D9F371F92AF77365DC20192280FBE" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
and one species,
<taxonomicName id="6C9C5DB74DCFE51D104F867B69C1E307" authority="(de Morgan, 1885)" baseAuthorityName="de Morgan" baseAuthorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jousseaumei">
<emphasis id="A91166E0FDD2BC923279778FF32C09C6" italics="true">C. jousseaumei</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="87ECF4BE2A0CFACC3051CA9989BA73C2" DOI="10.5962/bhl.part.14301" author="de Morgan J" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France" pagination="353-429" refId="B29" refString="de Morgan J (1885) Mollusques terrestes et fiuviatiles de Royaume de Perak et des pais voisins (presque'Ile Malaise). Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France 10: 353 - 429. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 14301" title="Mollusques terrestes et fiuviatiles de Royaume de Perak et des pais voisins (presqueIle Malaise)." volume="10" year="1885">de Morgan, 1885</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, from Peninsular
<collectingCountry id="8B14AFAA70D984D130DFE1D4D18BDF2F" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="14D4268566CA224E7A5AB93D7F69335B" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="121BE364AE7D488F8F757962E522C13D" author="Maassen" firstAuthor="Maassen" journalOrPublisher="De Kreukel" pagination="1-155" refId="B57" refString="Maassen WJM (2001) A preliminary checklist of the non-marine molluscs of West Malaysia. De Kreukel 2001: 1155." title="A preliminary checklist of the non-marine molluscs of West Malaysia." volume="2001" year="2001">Maassen 2001</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="612CE450F2E95EB5D3B2CA8962DF4EB9" author="Schileyko" firstAuthor="Schileyko" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Ruthenica" pagination="1-68" refId="B96" refString="Schileyko AA (2011) Checklist of land pulmonate molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora). Ruthenica 21 (1): 168." title="Checklist of land pulmonate molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)." volume="21" year="2011">Schileyko 2011</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8FFF285AB9A5C76613E529DE6EE0AB3D" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.531.6097" author="Vermeulen" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Vermeulen" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="1-139" refId="B113" refString="Vermeulen JJ, Liew TS, Schilthuizen M (2015) Additions to the knowledge of the land snails of Sabah (Malaysia, Borneo), including 48 new species. ZooKeys 531: 1139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.531.6097" title="Additions to the knowledge of the land snails of Sabah (Malaysia, Borneo), including 48 new species." volume="531" year="2015">Vermeulen et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,326 @@
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<mods:title id="E6FC309DB503D3289C80CFC0CD5E7821">Contributions on a small collection of the former Subulinidae Fischer &amp; Crosse, 1877 (Eupulmonata, Achatinoidea) with catalogue of the Glessula and Rishetia species recorded from Myanmar</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="181185868249CED1DB2FD58E1E404772" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="28F5EB284606EC980841969D4CB6EE8E">
<heading id="EF85187028FB9229B2F6369EB5F76D15" reason="label">31</heading>
<taxonomicName id="594B13EA303F6F7A5BC68013F6AEE501" authority="(Benson, 1860)" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hastula">
<emphasis id="71C6F3BD7854F14D8CAD52DD292A73D9" italics="true">Rishetia hastula</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3415C665D3E68AEA862E0B7E513931AB" DOI="10.1080/00222936008697255" author="Benson WH" refId="B12" refString="Benson WH (1860) On new land-shells from Darjiling, with a series of new Indian species of Achatina. Annals &amp; Magazine of Natural History Series 3 5 (30): 460 - 466. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222936008697255" year="1860">Benson, 1860</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FA0991693BE682AD04569F03F2EDA9A5" type="description">
<paragraph id="534F1EFCA959FB30515EB1E49756D121">
<figureCitation id="A3910E761F45437BB4042CF44C6E23F4" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. A C Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli A, B specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3742 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Burma and C specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3744 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Burma D Rishetia hastula, neotype NHMUK 1906.1. 1.880 from Darjiling E, F Rishetia kentungensis, syntypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3650 from Mong Sing, Siam Boundary G Rishetia limborgi, holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3200 from Tenasserim H, I Rishetia nathiana, syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2206 from Bassein District." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104512">Fig. 14 D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8BE6E96F6A3389C2FDE5E3BBE34ABFBA" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="50DC5D455A68A15C46C0E0680BF613C3">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="7EF526319ED1EC6AD8BDFD5CC6204E16">
<treatmentCitation id="BFF1972D9A4331B5F54DBCFC8234E09A" author="Benson WH" page="461" year="1860">
<taxonomicName id="73E3883E48E6867D3DC8A80D79437D39" ID-CoL="96B9" authority="Benson, 1860: 461" authorityName="Benson" authorityPageNumber="461" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hastula">
<emphasis id="348FC3B2569152669095CA58D2F2A27B" italics="true">Achatina hastula</emphasis>
<comment id="EC98EEB42E3B9A53C35073B5E7620644">
<bibRefCitation id="4DCBE533C73A3C86E594C46CAC74B8D8" DOI="10.1080/00222936008697255" author="Benson WH" refId="B12" refString="Benson WH (1860) On new land-shells from Darjiling, with a series of new Indian species of Achatina. Annals &amp; Magazine of Natural History Series 3 5 (30): 460 - 466. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222936008697255" year="1860">Benson, 1860: 461</bibRefCitation>
. Type locality: ad Pankabari, prope Darjiling [Pankhabari, near Darjiling, West of Bengal,
<collectingCountry id="BE3702C2B53E444D4959291ADD7542DA" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
].
<treatmentCitation id="91F47E5901AFD2D90D1865CDE8EA25D5" author="Pfeiffer L" page="235" year="1868">
<bibRefCitation id="C21BE715131AA47FBF0EBA337DB60378" author="Pfeiffer L" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" page="235" refId="B80" refString="Pfeiffer L (1868) Monographia Heliceorum Viventium: sistens descriptiones systematicas et criticas omnium huius familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum. Volumen Sextum. Lipsiae: F. A. Brockhaus, 598 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/46666" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/46666" year="1868">Pfeiffer 1868: 235</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE806214E14BE062E4AB20765EF464E3">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B0F2BBF48B6CFF9021FC8F79682C7C18">
<taxonomicName id="23B60D2FBF1564795EA0987348438766" ID-CoL="96B9" authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hastula" subGenus="Electra">
<emphasis id="223A91FD72502126402BB8DE2F6470C2" italics="true">Achatina</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="C2438D34907D3957C3711728C3A7A285" italics="true">Electra</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="70913A11CE1093EEC2BC5EF09BA022A5" italics="true">hastula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="D6FF8E76E960FB72FDA498BBC82BAB6E">
<treatmentCitation id="1F3F76E3A76B620F051C7847E4E4B4CE" author="Hanley SCT &amp; Theobald W (1870" page="9" year="1870">
<bibRefCitation id="7FD9E8647C81230B9DBCA620EA8739ED" author="Hanley SCT &amp; Theobald W (1870" firstAuthor="Hanley" page="9" refId="B43" refString="Hanley SCT, Theobald W (1870 (1870); pp 1928, pls 4160 (1872); pp 2934, pls 6180 (1873). pp 3548, pls 81120 (1874); pp 4956, pls 121140 (1875); pp 5765, pls 141160 (1876)] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50391" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50391" year="1870">Hanley and Theobald 1870: 9</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 18, fig. 4.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="364C15928349D6CDA62CF48AFA32B97B">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="25C86417DAD889567FD66095A00F82ED">
<taxonomicName id="B9A5D6AC0A65819699612059CA1C53B1" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hastula" subGenus="Glessula">
<emphasis id="1AB77362E7AA26AB04FE3D6A145C3FE2" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="0C4EF372D92168709B98EED2FBACA62C" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="6915FDC47AF4C6CE4FF664844CC42DC3" italics="true">hastula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="767180DA7A0FF5498951CF9631954D7F">
<treatmentCitation id="F16BC3EEA226911626CEFE00768CC4D1" author="Nevill G" page="169" year="1878">
<bibRefCitation id="A0FC9836B67D1688C879F9CF6709559C" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11957" author="Nevill G" firstAuthor="Nevill" journalOrPublisher="Indian Museum, Calcutta" page="169" refId="B69" refString="Nevill G (1878) Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda. Indian Museum, Calcutta, 338 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11957" title="Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda." year="1878">Nevill 1878: 169</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="51E9053158F46BFB14CCC78CB2AAD9AC">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CCF3594C4FF9387FFB06FB109F42C69D">
<taxonomicName id="14D107B747E51EBB16B0834623BB7B43" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hastula" subGenus="Subulina">
<emphasis id="CD234014CA5C68CFDA33F5994BAB6537" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="31578DA45784195781DB447F2D85C6E7" italics="true">Subulina</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="25DA591C87CB5D71DEC8B0EDA068AB4F" italics="true">hastula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="92A12A370B8C1EA68CADB49B4EF5634B">
<treatmentCitation id="DB2AD570BDD0D345C9316F81D6523ECC" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" page="327" year="1881">
<bibRefCitation id="6F23DB6EC88FA9BCAF1D3D36A550B032" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" journalOrPublisher="Kassel, Fischer" page="327" refId="B82" refString="Pfeiffer L, Clessin S (1881) Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali. Kassel, Fischer, 617 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" title="Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" year="1881">Pfeiffer and Clessin 1881: 327</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B284BB6CB1C0AEB9436716D9B51CD493">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="9BD9AD4E9113EF7B286DB0CFF0F28C59">
<taxonomicName id="8A9677C8213F457DC0DB810638BD1782" ID-CoL="7RFJM" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hastula">
<emphasis id="047A8A03C2A11D2085A1250ECDEB4990" italics="true">Glessula hastula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="E1DBFAD9F00FF0CDAC583C01D6B85D3E">
<treatmentCitation id="B3B8B3C27B4815EEA4ACDC1AAB4E7140" author="Theobald W &amp; Stoliczka F" page="334" year="1872">
<bibRefCitation id="13527B0263739988905A4D26E4EA856E" author="Theobald W &amp; Stoliczka F" firstAuthor="Theobald" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" page="334" pagination="329-334" refId="B107" refString="Theobald W, Stoliczka F (1872) Notes on Barmese and Arakanese land shells, with descriptions of a few new species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 41 (2): 329334." title="Notes on Barmese and Arakanese land shells, with descriptions of a few new species." volume="41" year="1872">Theobald and Stoliczka 1872: 334</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="F748B348524D19200C1F4837FB786107" author="Beddome CR" page="167" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="D04583D87D5E0F28D2BA06C57DDCC4E1" DOI="10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" author="Beddome CR" firstAuthor="Beddome" page="167" refId="B8" refString="Beddome CR (1906) Notes on Indian and Ceylonese species of Glessula. The Journal of Molluscan Studies 6 (3): 160172. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" year="1906">Beddome 1906: 167</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. Pilsbry 1909: 93, pl. 12, fig. 12.
<treatmentCitation id="6BCF04C8961144F8C55B3105BC30B654" author="Gude GK" page="414" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="0A408DA1B5E11B922F38CCBB9C9E8A19" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="414" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 414</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="E69CABAC33CCD89203EAB2F0975CE8E0" author="Ramakrishna &amp; Mitra SC &amp; Dey A" page="161" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation id="DFD9BABF222D02CA0D82EC4D924D77C0" author="Ramakrishna &amp; Mitra SC &amp; Dey A" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ramakrishna" page="161" refId="B91" refString="Ramakrishna, Mitra SC, Dey A (2010) Annotated checklist of Indian land molluscs. Occasional paper no. 306. Zoological Survey of India, 359 pp." year="2010">Ramakrishna et al. 2010: 161</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7868791444CA0190B4F20188DBB042CE">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="045EA52390A9F985B7A0AFFBFBDFC8A2">
<taxonomicName id="A85A55B9FA3F01214076090D5472A523" baseAuthorityName="W.H.Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hastul" subGenus="Rishetia">
<emphasis id="1FF55A8B9022ED0CF45083C237E685CE" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="2DEC994F680B6768789BB52B33E13C93" italics="true">Rishetia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="E9137A71098177FACDC971A216ED49E4" italics="true">hastul</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="7D73CA56500277F519A68BD3794C481C">
a —
<treatmentCitation id="2CBCB4ADBEEE9151875CF1AB8082B475" author="Godwin-Austen HH" page="16" year="1920">
<bibRefCitation id="9FB0B055C92EDD9C3D43DD57277756FB" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="16" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920: 16</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 17, pl. 161. figs 16, 17, pl. 163. figs 9, 9 a, 10.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1426BAD61813B46EE28D3C48285EC451">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6B4B2B1E30DE862BDF8FBD5BD7F89CC3">
<taxonomicName id="C3C0C9736B98AD7BD54AB0A8D078AFB5" ID-CoL="4T54F" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hastula">
<emphasis id="FD08F87CB594FC50F28C521F8A996659" italics="true">Rishetia hastula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="E188B974DADE32DD3A59CDE090448A66">
<treatmentCitation id="77B59DCA1043B7CDD8D01D636956A2F9" author="Budha PB &amp; Naggs F &amp; Backeljau T" page="139" year="2017">
<bibRefCitation id="B3FDE790594276B01DE85F8102E761E0" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" author="Budha PB &amp; Naggs F &amp; Backeljau T" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Budha" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" page="139" pagination="129-156" refId="B24" refString="Budha PB, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2017) Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species. ZooKeys 675: 129156. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.675.13252" title="Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species." volume="675" year="2017">Budha et al. 2017: 139</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 2 d, 6.
<treatmentCitation id="AAB9F9DADE3E66B667EE02DAD30B5669" author="Preece RC &amp; White TS &amp; Raheem DC &amp; Ketchum H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Taylor H &amp; Naggs F" page="127" year="2022">
<bibRefCitation id="224E2A22F5ECC802527E91034C23E73E" author="Preece RC &amp; White TS &amp; Raheem DC &amp; Ketchum H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Taylor H &amp; Naggs F" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Preece" page="127" refId="B88" refString="Preece RC, White TS, Raheem DC, Ketchum H, Ablett J, Taylor H, Naggs F (2022) William Benson and the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1434." year="2022">Preece et al. 2022: 127</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 128, fig. 55 a.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E1ZEK" type="Type specimen">
<paragraph id="0F00826E87B82375F28D62DBB47DE4B1">
<heading id="8F7E303B8D65F0ED5E18EF3805DE5862" reason="title">Type specimen.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B1DD351F8260E9C54EB7FCCE27B3EA5C">
<materialsCitation id="7874E0DEBDA33C5633658256BE533C26" collectionCode="NHMUK" specimenCode="NHMUK 1906.1" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="neotype">
<emphasis id="02019E00B72BF8F7559A258355CC2D8F" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="C5B649E48CBF8D70157EF591497E8209" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="EC44445090647ADD5A0C1B21CE7782BD" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">
<named-content id="31598CA325287E376BCB55D39584FF46" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1906.1
</specimenCode>
. 1.880 (designated in
<bibRefCitation id="EC1B4BEA3FC4997AC5BD1AFAFFFBE6C8" author="Preece RC &amp; White TS &amp; Raheem DC &amp; Ketchum H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Taylor H &amp; Naggs F" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Preece" page="127" refId="B88" refString="Preece RC, White TS, Raheem DC, Ketchum H, Ablett J, Taylor H, Naggs F (2022) William Benson and the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1434." year="2022">Preece et al. 2022: 127</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 55 a) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="3752AD8D80020C5C8030DED77C2E6E0F" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. A C Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli A, B specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3742 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Burma and C specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3744 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, Burma D Rishetia hastula, neotype NHMUK 1906.1. 1.880 from Darjiling E, F Rishetia kentungensis, syntypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3650 from Mong Sing, Siam Boundary G Rishetia limborgi, holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3200 from Tenasserim H, I Rishetia nathiana, syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2206 from Bassein District." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104512">14 D</figureCitation>
) ex. Blanford collection from Darjiling.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ES1EK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="FEEF8AB3D1C618EC83068D98239644EC">
<heading id="74FF9714CA9EC03873C39F9D8A42A04F" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1A1F38C54522450B4043F0B8203368F2">Shell elongate, turreted, and regularly attenuated; apex rounded and blunt; subsequent whorls coarse with fine equally spaced radial ridges throughout. Suture somewhat impressed and whorls convex. Aperture broadly ovate; columella strong, concave, and truncated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EX1EK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="018627B0AFF6061508A88A897164D545">
<heading id="3B054B5207DC89E0D35EA3253B0C0C75" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18E7CE98B4BD01DE0B7869177EA9453F">
The species was originally described from
<collectingCountry id="758411C1070DBD1C23299F057E39E783" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
and later recorded from
<collectingCountry id="3329A5DE4412A57EC6B4DA6D6D75292E" name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9FD45E57B04F2BC4758127C03B9EFAF1" author="Ramakrishna" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ramakrishna" refId="B91" refString="Ramakrishna, Mitra SC, Dey A (2010) Annotated checklist of Indian land molluscs. Occasional paper no. 306. Zoological Survey of India, 359 pp." year="2010">Ramakrishna et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="146DD2C867C184890D07B18890584CC6" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.492.9175" author="Budha" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Budha" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="1-48" refId="B23" refString="Budha PB, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2015) Annotated checklist of the terrestrial gastropods of Nepal. ZooKeys 492: 148. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.492.9175" title="Annotated checklist of the terrestrial gastropods of Nepal." volume="492" year="2015">Budha et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1F3CC6DC9BBBDF43C7C77EBD435F1186" DOI="10.11609/jott.8019.14.9.21845-21852" author="Kalita" firstAuthor="Kalita" issue="9" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Threatened Taxa" pagination="21845-21852" refId="B52" refString="Kalita G (2022) Land snails of Guwahati, Assam, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 14 (9): 2184521852. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.8019.14.9.21845-21852" title="Land snails of Guwahati, Assam, India." volume="14" year="2022">Kalita 2022</bibRefCitation>
). In
<collectingCountry id="A606A1D97F9E751402A7E091A7DDF659" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, it was reported from Kumah Hill and Maii [Ma-ei Town ~
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EM2EK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[94.139417,19.343472]}">
<geoCoordinate id="FF94FB9A05497C6210B28B2D46B2DBF4" degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="36.5" value="19.343473">19 ° 20 ' 36.5 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7186862A3852668EFECD0056CB22914D" degrees="94" direction="east" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="21.9" value="94.13941">94 ° 08 ' 21.9 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
], which are in the Thandwe District,
<collectingRegion id="990DB0739AE31E06BA1902E781F5BD29" country="Myanmar" name="Rakhine">Rakhine State</collectingRegion>
in the westernmost part of
<collectingCountry id="E4693228E7BE11D2E5E03021E74FA707" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E2B3AC904711778144F29881875F5DD5" author="Theobald and Stoliczka" firstAuthor="Theobald" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="329-334" refId="B107" refString="Theobald W, Stoliczka F (1872) Notes on Barmese and Arakanese land shells, with descriptions of a few new species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 41 (2): 329334." title="Notes on Barmese and Arakanese land shells, with descriptions of a few new species." volume="41" year="1872">Theobald and Stoliczka 1872</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="87CA0A8D80E2A7DA4FC9F9B2683924AC" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="246979CA84BC8A5E992B7B29401A0B86" author="Godwin-Austen" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E42EK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="0F83C452E9519B57280E0A2C6890B3BB">
<heading id="D3F816E71744022AFFB39E114B9FC6E8" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5DA36B239CF8A06D41797EB847A6B13F">
To clarify the taxonomic status of this species,
<bibRefCitation id="025968306653AC3E5C5A2F3974B752CE" author="Preece RC &amp; White TS &amp; Raheem DC &amp; Ketchum H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Taylor H &amp; Naggs F" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Preece" refId="B88" refString="Preece RC, White TS, Raheem DC, Ketchum H, Ablett J, Taylor H, Naggs F (2022) William Benson and the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1434." year="2022">Preece et al. (2022)</bibRefCitation>
have designated a
<typeStatus id="9F4F1F169E05192833C0F49BD42B64B4" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
based on the specimen figured in
<bibRefCitation id="A7BAD8F9EB08344101E0ADBF2A231416" author="Hanley and Theobald" firstAuthor="Hanley" refId="B43" refString="Hanley SCT, Theobald W (1870 (1870); pp 1928, pls 4160 (1872); pp 2934, pls 6180 (1873). pp 3548, pls 81120 (1874); pp 4956, pls 121140 (1875); pp 5765, pls 141160 (1876)] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50391" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50391" year="1870">Hanley and Theobald (1870</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 18, fig. 4). However, the image used to represent the
<typeStatus id="3DC3A458DB7591FC1173A52B27EB845E" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
in
<bibRefCitation id="5FAB2F06C8649D08DD0DB40DB6D7E5BD" author="Preece" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Preece" refId="B88" refString="Preece RC, White TS, Raheem DC, Ketchum H, Ablett J, Taylor H, Naggs F (2022) William Benson and the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1434." year="2022">Preece et al. (2022</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 55 a) is an erroneous repetition of
<taxonomicName id="9A09CF7CA0D5EB0AF2F2CFE4C1ADDF28" authority="Benson, 1865" authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="leptospira">
<emphasis id="CBA05244F492CC0E7F799B7035B372F0" italics="true">Achatina leptospira</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DFA7EDA6BCC0D597A99239A2A822712B" DOI="10.1080/00222936508681753" author="Benson WH" refId="B14" refString="Benson WH (1865) New land-shells from Travancore, western and northern India. Annals &amp; Magazine of Natural History Series 3 15 (85): 11 - 15. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222936508681753" year="1865">Benson, 1865</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="0F7129B15F5E8E6310AD182478880F1F" author="Preece" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Preece" refId="B88" refString="Preece RC, White TS, Raheem DC, Ketchum H, Ablett J, Taylor H, Naggs F (2022) William Benson and the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1434." year="2022">Preece et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 51 f). Therefore, the correct image of the
<typeStatus id="563537B610C2BC75DE22D11D5B32A0A8" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
<named-content id="CDCD5C5CF0A5F99204573D1E092C69A0" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="531890B70B257C964AD6232111D83BC8" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1906.1. 1.880 is illustrated herein.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EFB37D4BB44AEC527E3E6EECC0F4A187">
<bibRefCitation id="F64C703CF7326AAAAAEAB127FFF851C5" author="Theobald W &amp; Stoliczka F" firstAuthor="Theobald" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" page="334" pagination="329-334" refId="B107" refString="Theobald W, Stoliczka F (1872) Notes on Barmese and Arakanese land shells, with descriptions of a few new species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 41 (2): 329334." title="Notes on Barmese and Arakanese land shells, with descriptions of a few new species." volume="41" year="1872">Theobald and Stoliczka (1872: 334)</bibRefCitation>
noted that the specimens from
<collectingRegion id="6EA501FBFB693722C07AACAA2FD62845" country="Myanmar" name="Rakhine">Arakan</collectingRegion>
tended to differ from the type specimen in having a larger shell size. Nevertheless,
<collectingRegion id="F87A2CDD15C41CF03A19DE5A5B2140C6" country="Myanmar" name="Rakhine">Arakan</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="D2D9F3EBACB98237DF90DC32061EEC64" country="India" name="Sikkim">Sikkim</collectingRegion>
are non-adjacent regions and far apart, which raises doubts about whether they are the same or distinct species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
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<mods:affiliation id="ADAEC331E5D7724166E31894B4BB5862">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand &amp; Department of Zoology, University of Yangon, University Avenue Road, Kamayut Township 11041, Yangon, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="B76FC080A7C7AD1FC09F8E29E5DD93AC">Ablett, Jonathan D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8578ADD302E69BA0F9CF66F27CA169E8">Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="9BFCBFDA643B4C93EA6A4DACBDD27683">Lwin, Ngwe</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="036969F69B54E8A6E45474FF060BE1D9" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4394-3741</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6E86DB7D6594214D61D553D546E50F5C">Fauna and Flora International, No. 35, 3 rd Floor, Shan Gone Condo, Myay Ni Gone Market Street, Sanchaung Township, Yangon, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="7C1CF8C9768EBF5A76B5F8042B8E00B3">Sutcharit, Chirasak</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6EE98595DB4EFD4190F566BD2E22E1A3" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7670-9540</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="E3E6266C995B19500E0BB8697B82CD2A">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8C8F2D3D8692E77B680C4100CF978BF5">Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="EC18E632BEA15D1F2E8F4BF0B7D24532" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4431-2458</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="57DC7018454E83AD137D9D3845BF682C">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand &amp; Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="450557178E32D6A66FCA836C0FBF99EE">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="E2CE7E50CA86543985F056C195CB4AB9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13137126" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13137126" ID-arpha="E2CE7E50-CA86-5439-85F0-56C195CB4AB9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E2CE7E50CA86543985F056C195CB4AB9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E2CE7E50CA86543985F056C195CB4AB9">
<subSubSection id="CE2BAC4091A2A1DE23DC9C2A74824C31" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="0018F872C86624737847C4A2704CE6CC">
<heading id="A1BFED996CEEE959F37650C4E4FB28BB" reason="label">19</heading>
<taxonomicName id="8B812B951A52E76EC8B6EC7E16B87802" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1920" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="woodthorpei">
<emphasis id="CAC726CF47970EE0CEB8A4D8F6CD84A7" italics="true">Glessula woodthorpei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="54E7F26E69ED6619F2D8F94E85225D51" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8218BF9E9E97133EA6848C1F0AAD369E" type="description">
<paragraph id="9A9C055C195599D4501A811FFA53BF2E">
<figureCitation id="7CD92F3A1A6A902F5498136E06C8DD4A" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. A, B Glessula ponsiensis A syntypes NHMUK 1989043 from Ponsee and B specimen NHMUK 1912.4. 16.747 from Ponsee, Yunnan C E Glessula woodthorpei, syntypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1628 from Shan States F Glessula yuangensis, holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1312 from Yuang Ha, Shan States." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104509">Fig. 11 C E</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6981EAABE71905DD0A64C8A9B33137DB" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="74724A4EB06F960AD416EB6CB903B575">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="0FBFB6773CBC91C8544517149CD6FDAE">
<treatmentCitation id="5FB2409568F9B12B7D278A9374710A97" author="Godwin-Austen HH" page="58" year="1920">
<taxonomicName id="7C01383A3233860D9D41A8428D50BC3E" ID-CoL="7RFLT" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1920: 58" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityPageNumber="58" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="woodthorpei">
<emphasis id="F687A077FA47F77DC66B03739F2F9B42" italics="true">Glessula woodthorpei</emphasis>
<comment id="D259C6B7D82DE512BE468C6870F45DE6">
<bibRefCitation id="B88CB3342D2805813E133CFA7B72098A" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920: 58</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 162, fig. 19. Type locality:
<collectingRegion id="8943129366F02A5F6F1CB6092FA932D6" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan</collectingRegion>
States [
<collectingRegion id="769B9DD6119552438D2C75BA0B6E41D2" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="B649C07D2DB0F86EC40D0C7F2F38DD2C" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
].
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZCBK" type="Type specimens">
<paragraph id="7B506C2E96C38F137A5FBD0977CB5E7D">
<heading id="51C760C85A404A73AC8E5B60CE362063" reason="title">Type specimens.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BCE1F1E5EF43FB910FD1D63B405DA9F0">
<emphasis id="CD87E8DE3341EA434C6649E1DD53B58D" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="E226BEB04B03F5FDCE8A5713139F4FC5" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<named-content id="5FF000387F7A428394C99B0326ED5052" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="2330440B86BE7FA83977AB5299958074" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1903.7. 1.1628 [re-registered in error as 1986051] (9 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="4B22D48466F6272496FD9CB56B23AB93" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. A, B Glessula ponsiensis A syntypes NHMUK 1989043 from Ponsee and B specimen NHMUK 1912.4. 16.747 from Ponsee, Yunnan C E Glessula woodthorpei, syntypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1628 from Shan States F Glessula yuangensis, holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1312 from Yuang Ha, Shan States." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104509">11 C E</figureCitation>
) collected by Woodthorpe ex. Godwin-Austen collection from
<collectingRegion id="B7BBD5EBB340C72EDBF85C8D3E8B71D3" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan</collectingRegion>
States.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENDBK" type="material">
<paragraph id="E7369D3109C0ED5C3F87D221C36047FC">
<heading id="531A792CA1CC656DA46F99CDB6229DFC" reason="title">Other material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EBE0899CA8F1472A8DCDD3FC2AC117D2">
<named-content id="8DA534A5B96C7D49E76FE8F2830DEECC" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="A1E47AA8C8F5E545443D832646AF370F" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1903.7. 1.3655 (2 shells) collected by Woodthorpe ex. Godwin-Austen collection from
<collectingCountry id="20338068FE5F67098D9FFA595553481B" name="Thailand">Siam</collectingCountry>
N. W. Boundary.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EYDBK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="1C74A16EB26983B4573C6090EDCA2353">
<heading id="4F9AF1BBB50AE05832155A0E61FF82C9" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="851E80E36AC534F150294DA26D56697B">Shell oblong conical and regularly attenuated; spire high conical; embryonic whorls rounded; subsequent whorls nearly smooth and equally spaced radial ridges appeared near suture. Suture impressed and whorls slightly convex. Aperture ovate; columella strong, concave, and truncated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E4DBK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="63237EFFF27811E446E8F3871E03F2BA">
<heading id="38A23602C1AE90A273BC342F259A2507" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EBDCCD56E7E56B68B21B3B3F090A8D4D">
This species is known from
<collectingRegion id="68B47E66B2C7483723AE62056A7B4E1A" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="A498E643E5C5DB552085F76E675EDDD5" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
with an additional record from
<collectingCountry id="94CC8B7E3CE5FCFB9FC5A8D6058D75D5" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ECEBK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="615BACEDBD96979C4B90B2F1F6796C12">
<heading id="CDC6EA45252FEFE552487267962EB77F" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BB85E62937D556D4B8483BABC0427D4A">
<bibRefCitation id="1C2524457F5AD7D24C371591717AD431" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen (1920)</bibRefCitation>
indicated that
<specimenCount id="C8347DC4F9DAC9685F969233707C3871" count="9" type="generic">nine specimens</specimenCount>
with the catalogue number Type No. 1682
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0EMEBK" xlink_title="used in old labels for the British Museum">
<collectionCode id="539E644D4E120BBC61A5609995BBFEC1">B</collectionCode>
. M
</abbrev>
. were examined. The species description included one set of measurements and an illustration of one shell. The
<named-content id="5AA00750D95B1E72191499AC03D6BAD5" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="70FDF3BCE0CB2D870D9E52CDD831B896" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
type collections contain a lot of
<specimenCount id="E12BD58C35F9BC8321457F6E4780E461" count="9" type="generic">nine specimens</specimenCount>
from the Woodthorpe collection with a label in Godwin-Austens handwriting stating Type. The measurements of the specimen with red wool inside the shell are close to the measurements given in the original description. It likely corresponds to the illustration of the species provided in the original description and it herein figured (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D47B4DAD67BE77BAEDC1B8FBFC94CA60" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. A, B Glessula ponsiensis A syntypes NHMUK 1989043 from Ponsee and B specimen NHMUK 1912.4. 16.747 from Ponsee, Yunnan C E Glessula woodthorpei, syntypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1628 from Shan States F Glessula yuangensis, holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1312 from Yuang Ha, Shan States." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104509">11 C</figureCitation>
) along with other shells (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9C72C06156E000CE85127F05D7C5DC58" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. A, B Glessula ponsiensis A syntypes NHMUK 1989043 from Ponsee and B specimen NHMUK 1912.4. 16.747 from Ponsee, Yunnan C E Glessula woodthorpei, syntypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1628 from Shan States F Glessula yuangensis, holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1312 from Yuang Ha, Shan States." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104509">11 D, E</figureCitation>
) from the same
<typeStatus id="70E08BC56A18E4B8CBF6B9707399E8A4" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
lot.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B1066F9227F7A4258802EC7542A2F036">
Godwin-Austen separately mentioned (1920: 58) another bleached specimen lot
<named-content id="583C8872D00C1355A40BFE6D694342B7" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="972114BD19B6CF612DC4EEDA2FFEDC85" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1903.7. 1.3655 (2 shells) from
<collectingCountry id="DA8A40881AA389FA31EBEE6528146E0F" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
. However, this specimen lot does not form part of the type series of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
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<emphasis id="FC05468B016785995CF477CC9256FAC0" italics="true">Opeas innocens</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="5BAB6271550F4D3E4EBCADAC450185E1" italics="true">Opeas innocens</emphasis>
<comment id="E04ECF4D67A1A495590AB94FE680E46F">
<bibRefCitation id="C7AF5FE008E575091CF1501639D6D366" DOI="10.26515/rzsi/v5/i1/1910/163757" author="Preston HB" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Indian Museum" pagination="33-36" refId="B89" refString="Preston HB (1910) Description of new shells in the collection of the Indian Museum from Burma, Siam, and the Bay of Bengal. Records of the Indian Museum 5 (1): 33 - 36. https: // doi. org / 10.26515 / rzsi / v 5 / i 1 / 1910 / 163757" title="Description of new shells in the collection of the Indian Museum from Burma, Siam, and the Bay of Bengal." volume="5" year="1910">Preston, 1910: 33</bibRefCitation>
, 34, fig. 2. Type locality: Khayon Cave, near Moulmein, Lower
<collectingCountry id="A87CC2F8E8AABBEE537626DA7F9E93F6" name="Myanmar">Burma</collectingCountry>
[Khayon or Farm Cave, Mawlamyine Township, Mon State,
<collectingCountry id="C00B3F998ADA0217360F458E84AE7133" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
].
<treatmentCitation id="973BCEACAC8B72C9834FDC80277185A2" author="Gude GK" page="358" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="8B3DC4578852D0A285473DC2E5817DD1" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="358" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 358</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D46F262FC92086403D1467A6B2EF3CC9">
<heading id="F12D5AC5D1D29680F90756455172FDAE" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DC71B3D26974407790802D7E21808B60">This species is known only from the type locality.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EH3BK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="3B12701C6CD4BAC76C879A288458057A">
<heading id="E0188E3D9457B27940CC9DEB41F70E54" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2AD04181524F0C2244E809DE51FB1B82">
No new specimens were found during our sampling conducted in Mawlamyine,
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. Furthermore, the authenticated and type specimens could not be located in the
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collection, and currently, this species is known solely from the original description.
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@ -0,0 +1,338 @@
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<figureCitation id="0555DB50016372BDBF13BCEFE3D32DD9" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A Curvella plicifera, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.235 from Thyetmyo, Pegu; Akouktoung B, C Curvella pusilla B possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.234 from Akouktong, Pegu and C specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu D, E Curvella puta D holotype UMZC I. 102795 from Tavoy, Birmah (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 55 f) and E specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu F Curvella scrobiculata, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.226 from Akouktong, Pegu." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104502">Fig. 4 D, E</figureCitation>
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. Type locality: Tavoy [Dawei,
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,
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.
<treatmentCitation id="A46FD579C7CA9D92799C38D99969E60B" author="Blanford WT" page="94" year="1865">
<bibRefCitation id="4B559DCED0214550925D0AED38950591" author="Blanford WT" firstAuthor="Blanford" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" page="94" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66105. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford 1865: 94</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. Hanley and Theobald 1874: 34, pl. 80, fig. 9.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB236D763C5D3C4CF72CF674B859340B">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="62A3D540EFE1EC1111B298C7F6FF775A">
<taxonomicName id="E278579C436D23A5FC2A430D7ED57C9E" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1857" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Hapalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="putus">
<emphasis id="436513F30682DE021132BC67D76D5B56" italics="true">Hapalus putus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="FD8A7396973BD8A814626B6F660EF854">
<treatmentCitation id="7FBB5967311CFC92B526844FC47EA775" author="Nevill G" page="178" year="1878">
<bibRefCitation id="21A20A97CC5E87A795189AEB1D76AC7A" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11957" author="Nevill G" firstAuthor="Nevill" journalOrPublisher="Indian Museum, Calcutta" page="178" refId="B69" refString="Nevill G (1878) Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda. Indian Museum, Calcutta, 338 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11957" title="Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda." year="1878">Nevill 1878: 178</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="65DA856DE7B890BC293E39CA42BA1FD6">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="FBFE7D5C1257DCB512B97E32A07EDF54">
<treatmentCitation id="1273CB0BF48A6F581C152F74C9528333">
<taxonomicName id="BEA32D1BDCE02C43917C12A8B2A6D763" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1857" class="Gastropoda" family="Buliminidae" genus="Bulimina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="puta" subGenus="Hapalus">
<emphasis id="E147F91FAFF59171677B969E2CE94864" italics="true">Bulimina</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="9591F620C42D0A06FB85DEC83B9E4FDE" italics="true">Hapalus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="EADB4C52EF22AE53C1F8C0804AB183C8" italics="true">puta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="3577286137F5F3E858A7936C944CBC66">
<treatmentCitation id="CBD1C8CD0A285DA42ECDC1E7B1DA16BE" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" page="299" year="1881">
<bibRefCitation id="CA038BA5ABFAF8E118B111BF705FA4D4" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" journalOrPublisher="Kassel, Fischer" page="299" refId="B82" refString="Pfeiffer L, Clessin S (1881) Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali. Kassel, Fischer, 617 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" title="Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" year="1881">Pfeiffer and Clessin 1881: 299</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F88CF1D6379C1121322C09B5BFAF8243">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="29D73CB076B9D52E7CB3B64A2D075B51">
<treatmentCitation id="B0A8375D6919715D7DB0856C52A4B59F">
<taxonomicName id="3D1EDC7477AE3BFBF70ABC6D5869BE06" ID-CoL="7NVC2" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1857" class="Gastropoda" family="Enidae" genus="Buliminus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="putus">
<emphasis id="D228DAF67AC4B9573A4A7CCCB386696D" italics="true">Buliminus</emphasis>
(?)
<emphasis id="F30F95C9C7817672082C7960249929E0" italics="true">putus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
— Kobelt 1901: 689, pl. 103, fig. 23.
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="648530D66202967849FB5953161FF9E9">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="9537D9E3C659369E769A42B3D529F74E">
<taxonomicName id="CFB16E0DB7FEE871E6F66DD1AA41E0AB" ID-CoL="32LC4" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1857" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="puta">
<emphasis id="150CAEAB9A20DE57AD8C0D9707EC013F" italics="true">Curvella puta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="8E535E67A6AA0A5FD6811179ED36324D">
<treatmentCitation id="848A6C4CF2BFDE46AD8C5F1A153991BC" author="Pilsbry HA" page="63" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="0B1E15AD55A4C154C766E0B71B09DDBC" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" page="63" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906: 63</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 64, pl. 9, fig. 46.
<treatmentCitation id="8765DE215737929E8842986A719AD2B8" author="Gude GK" page="351" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="47A405810BEA00ED77E44BB30851A044" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="351" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 351</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 352.
<treatmentCitation id="26C18891F668AB25AC81AC2AF226443D" author="Preece RC &amp; White TS &amp; Raheem DC &amp; Ketchum H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Taylor H &amp; Naggs F" page="130" year="2022">
<bibRefCitation id="4A71B6E188F0C151D099AE8506076A3A" author="Preece RC &amp; White TS &amp; Raheem DC &amp; Ketchum H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Taylor H &amp; Naggs F" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Preece" page="130" refId="B88" refString="Preece RC, White TS, Raheem DC, Ketchum H, Ablett J, Taylor H, Naggs F (2022) William Benson and the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1434." year="2022">Preece et al. 2022: 130</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig.
<specimenCount id="8DB464DEFE91BB8C43DC96183121A90F" count="55" type="generic">55 f.</specimenCount>
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFRAI" type="Type specimen">
<paragraph id="B348956025DFE1986E1CE4D446ECBD02">
<heading id="A0849E6E1FA5124FBA301ABAA3234DE8" reason="title">Type specimen.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF20048CD0289224F81D0912F4C2E2BC">
<materialsCitation id="4BCEED5CB0C926D2650BEF6239A666CB" collectionCode="UMZC" collectorName="Tavoy &amp; Birmah." specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="F299DF48517DDE6E0E69686AB7C8BB6B" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="4A424D0C9704E8B6C17E707AC063D09C" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0EQRAI" xlink_title="University Museum of Zoology Cambridge, Cambridge">
<collectionCode id="E80E932917E7D3A2D30B321B86F69C05">UMZC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
I. 102795 (Fig.
<figureCitation id="552781912FC5A34D49B10ACAB58862DA" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A Curvella plicifera, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.235 from Thyetmyo, Pegu; Akouktoung B, C Curvella pusilla B possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.234 from Akouktong, Pegu and C specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu D, E Curvella puta D holotype UMZC I. 102795 from Tavoy, Birmah (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 55 f) and E specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu F Curvella scrobiculata, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.226 from Akouktong, Pegu." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104502">4 D</figureCitation>
; after
<bibRefCitation id="EC26D3356AAF7B29A8452321FA8EB098" author="Preece" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Preece" refId="B88" refString="Preece RC, White TS, Raheem DC, Ketchum H, Ablett J, Taylor H, Naggs F (2022) William Benson and the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1434." year="2022">Preece et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 55 f) ex. R. McAndrew ex. Benson collection from
<collectorName id="35E5CF03486933E15229EE65853C197C">Tavoy</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="F5269BDC3BE55C98F5D4EBB0BB646538">Birmah.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E4RAI" type="material">
<paragraph id="10E991DED351F58867F3964A89E85423">
<heading id="72562F53BA74BC95D965CF9FF37AB53B" reason="title">Other material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2360E7DC78457991B5B157F04538C72C">
<named-content id="088D48B0C49A031073DD28A3DEFCFB6A" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="CCEFFF4F9A8A1AD54CD4A1AE3F42C811" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1888.12. 4.10031004 (1 shell identified as
<taxonomicName id="590E3D87D701B4F83BF441C9698E0A73" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1857" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="puta">
<emphasis id="76B55E2F5A8838A30A88BCE7115392FF" italics="true">C. puta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Fig.
<figureCitation id="10B3A2732F06A40FE1BCF4677D23BC1F" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A Curvella plicifera, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.235 from Thyetmyo, Pegu; Akouktoung B, C Curvella pusilla B possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.234 from Akouktong, Pegu and C specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu D, E Curvella puta D holotype UMZC I. 102795 from Tavoy, Birmah (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 55 f) and E specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu F Curvella scrobiculata, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.226 from Akouktong, Pegu." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104502">4 E</figureCitation>
[another shell identified as
<taxonomicName id="A132591CBAB6C48B5E5F28067113DD65" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="F58B1E79D90BB2ACF5C74DD57361D8FA" italics="true">C. pusilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
]) ex. W. Theobald collection from
<collectingRegion id="36221A722A5A47FFA2CFA7FA7A4406FA" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
.
<named-content id="0E29F666E17DABD9C1F46294EF7050E9" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="445F52CC3196D44CB42D932F8867469E" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1906.1. 1.1033 (1 shell) ex. Godwin-Austen collection from Bassein,
<collectingRegion id="2DDC2F05EDEB564D3CFA7142DAA53145" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EHTAI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="81119DD94EF9B141F5CC569034F0F1D8">
<heading id="30ACD98087A5FBB45501A8F79EF0861F" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="528CEDF9818F4277683FA2ECFB8C7A7A">
Shell conical; spire high; apex obtuse; subsequent whorls with strong and prominent growth lines. Suture impressed and whorl
<emphasis id="02392A40887C15D449A02CCC8442CD45" bold="true">s</emphasis>
slightly convex. Aperture semi-ovate and somewhat pointed above; columella straight and dilate; parietal callus thin. Umbilicus narrow.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EPTAI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="31901AF51F902AF5D28DAA7A91706CFC">
<heading id="C80EE7A3D6E83362CC93F3F9F6AB715B" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0AC6E139FAC3042C007205775CFF0248">
This species was reported from the
<collectingRegion id="C29C7226F21CA064C5B5AF3B3AE3E3BA" country="Myanmar" name="Taninthayi">Tanintharyi</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="F26505AC1C4F5B2F23B20150582E6F12" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Bago</collectingRegion>
regions of
<collectingCountry id="8FA29F8F738F14679339A457F912D72B" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="A478861F6727D3C2808E73E99637F364" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="573786C3EFB3E56879E0105D36E63531" author="Blanford" firstAuthor="Blanford" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66105. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford 1865</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="817AADD31FE1947924806CEBE97EDA5E" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D08AE2AECDE53219FB26914A5A7B73FC" author="Panha" firstAuthor="Panha" refId="B72" refString="Panha S (1998) A checklist and classification of the terrestrial pulmonate snails of Thailand. Walkerana 8 [19951996] (19): 3140." year="1998">Panha 1998</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBUAI" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="A84EED0BECB08E8CD6C21F9804BF2173">
<heading id="3F20BBAB09EB35503504DA815CDF87AA" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4BD27DAE388EA2DA488DC4D4020FFCCD">
<taxonomicName id="8556BC544E91458FE79DC7E5C1B63A3F" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1857" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="puta">
<emphasis id="F961BCF1105BDD8BB20C2B92E453C654" italics="true">Curvella puta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described based on a single bleached specimen collected from Tavoy in
<collectingCountry id="F5A28B9D3885783CB44D0DDC031A561D" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
. No new material of this species was found during this survey, but the type specimens and authenticated museum specimens are illustrated herein.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="971F51FD66080B016E910CC352958C0E">
There is a mixed-species lot,
<named-content id="609F9A29366912BE7C4D9F259FEB9D94" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="7EE4376DD125147A86955AC675EC87E2" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1888.12. 4.10031004, ex. the W. Theobald collection, labelled
<taxonomicName id="B4FB4352F9AC2751CB44C92472702D97" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Hapalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="putus">
<emphasis id="08505593036340B5F773C6278DB2C071" italics="true">Hapalus putus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Benson from Pegu, consisting of two shells. The first shell (Fig.
<figureCitation id="445069AEE4B9C3D0CCB6B6D8C497303D" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A Curvella plicifera, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.235 from Thyetmyo, Pegu; Akouktoung B, C Curvella pusilla B possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.234 from Akouktong, Pegu and C specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu D, E Curvella puta D holotype UMZC I. 102795 from Tavoy, Birmah (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 55 f) and E specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu F Curvella scrobiculata, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.226 from Akouktong, Pegu." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104502">4 E</figureCitation>
) has a high, turreted, and pointed spire, narrowly opened umbilicus, and strong radial striations, which agree with the
<typeStatus id="13736D27B4C383583C6F7D6712010568" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="1791BDA5B7E1CC0FCAD649513A6773C0" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1857" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="puta">
<emphasis id="31E7953E60B4EB08A515DAA3C15AD714" italics="true">C. puta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Tavoy (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E5F0D537CFFD1ECA17BB17740A1F1E4C" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A Curvella plicifera, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.235 from Thyetmyo, Pegu; Akouktoung B, C Curvella pusilla B possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.234 from Akouktong, Pegu and C specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu D, E Curvella puta D holotype UMZC I. 102795 from Tavoy, Birmah (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 55 f) and E specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu F Curvella scrobiculata, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.226 from Akouktong, Pegu." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104502">4 D</figureCitation>
). The other shell (Fig.
<figureCitation id="596DEE2CF4396DB0ED4CF57E126D7C33" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A Curvella plicifera, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.235 from Thyetmyo, Pegu; Akouktoung B, C Curvella pusilla B possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.234 from Akouktong, Pegu and C specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu D, E Curvella puta D holotype UMZC I. 102795 from Tavoy, Birmah (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 55 f) and E specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu F Curvella scrobiculata, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.226 from Akouktong, Pegu." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104502">4 C</figureCitation>
) has a lower and convex spire, fine radial striations, narrowly opened umbilicus, and without a parietal tooth, which more resembles
<taxonomicName id="A8B4895735E90BBDE9AC9BE35807ED7B" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="1A54B38EBC049ED0CA1C82E4E7BF86F8" italics="true">C. pusilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In comparison,
<taxonomicName id="3B27844C6DFD6595E0CECCADED21DA05" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="B588657BD8FF650F3C61E766F327BB1D" italics="true">C. pusilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses a closed umbilicus without a parietal tooth (Fig.
<figureCitation id="88B00D43F34E166BB7EA22487382B6AB" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A Curvella plicifera, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.235 from Thyetmyo, Pegu; Akouktoung B, C Curvella pusilla B possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.234 from Akouktong, Pegu and C specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu D, E Curvella puta D holotype UMZC I. 102795 from Tavoy, Birmah (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 55 f) and E specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu F Curvella scrobiculata, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.226 from Akouktong, Pegu." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104502">4 B</figureCitation>
), while
<taxonomicName id="4AE844A6F6EDD2F876AEC29F26FEA2F7" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="plicifera">
<emphasis id="495939FBC8F389BA34356A6BC28E41ED" italics="true">C. plicifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has an open umbilicus and a small parietal tooth (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E907C022CE1D3082E29FF8F36BC89241" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A Curvella plicifera, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.235 from Thyetmyo, Pegu; Akouktoung B, C Curvella pusilla B possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.234 from Akouktong, Pegu and C specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu D, E Curvella puta D holotype UMZC I. 102795 from Tavoy, Birmah (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 55 f) and E specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.10031004 from Pegu F Curvella scrobiculata, possible syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.226 from Akouktong, Pegu." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104502">4 A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D07CCB8D46EBE1D72237ABE072908AF3">
This mixed-species lot suggests several interpretations: i) an extended distribution of
<taxonomicName id="D2C731A8CCC938839FD2D53673E0E1C7" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1857" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="puta">
<emphasis id="9CF28EF52EAE67FBDCCDFC06FE38A21E" italics="true">C. puta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
beyond its type locality to the
<collectingRegion id="88120316F62D6E94749B053132BEA851" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Bago Region</collectingRegion>
in central
<collectingCountry id="5D7CE9ECB74CE7C3E2388619E6E42FE0" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, and ii) the presence or absence of a parietal tooth and an open or closed umbilicus are possibly intraspecific variation rather than diagnostic characters distinguishing between
<taxonomicName id="4AE8AB3B288C9DA2770F90006E585206" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="plicifera">
<emphasis id="26301AEC471D3CCEE7C55C6CC61F12E2" italics="true">C. plicifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="68394FA6A0A9425A5031E0C884A4F38B" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Curvella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="2BDB049EE1BEA313C84F22B598F44644" italics="true">C. pusilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Additional evidence and further specimens from a wider geographic range will clarify this issue.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
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<subSubSection id="4BE4877B1302ADBA9D07CB6B50045D5A" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="6984A201F12050B032494DE63C13FF4B">
<heading id="8A50B3C3BB18FFC4C96797E9F23F409F" reason="label">2</heading>
<taxonomicName id="435B357909E3AB97DBC37BF16D83CB04" authority="(Blanford, 1869)" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1869" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Bacillum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="obtusum">
<emphasis id="BC4B9542D0309AC7AE6C94D31DDC37B8" italics="true">Bacillum obtusum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="04702E5AB1BC14FF7C0CD7E51C7CC7A8" DOI="10.1111/j.1469-7998.1869.tb07354.x" author="Blanford WT" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pagination="444-450" refId="B17" refString="Blanford WT (1869) Descriptions of new land and freshwater molluscan species collected by Dr. John Anderson in Upper Burma and Yunnan. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 37 (1): 444 - 450. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1869. tb 07354. x" title="Descriptions of new land and freshwater molluscan species collected by Dr. John Anderson in Upper Burma and Yunnan." volume="37" year="1869">Blanford, 1869</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9A6AE61AB6DB1334507FE11C82585C1F">
<figureCitation id="133E8DB77B85FC1642DF805241FD72F9" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A D Allopeas gracile A lectotype NHMUK 1856.09. 15.68 / 1 from Mirzapore B paralectotypes NHMUK 1856.09. 15.68 / 211 and C, D specimen CUMZ 13066 from Mandalay Region, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture E H Bacillum obtusum E, F syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.349 from Bhamo, Upper Burmah G, H specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1725 from Bhamo, Upper Burma and H juvenile shell with last whorl I Bacillum theobaldi, syntype NHMUK 1912.4. 16.121 from Burmah with last whorl." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104501">Fig. 3 E H</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="56B6D1F2D87554D76A6F3F7749E042D1">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="7CAD6063372EF79D69ADBC8678E0D281">
<treatmentCitation id="8F4C0BE902CFEE95FAE63209D02F6DFF" author="Blanford WT" page="449" year="1869">
<taxonomicName id="EC4009A53E02A56993368F0DFE685E6E" ID-CoL="968G" authority="Blanford, 1869: 449" authorityName="Blanford" authorityPageNumber="449" authorityYear="1869" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="obtusa" subGenus="Glessula">
<emphasis id="A14583751BB04019B6BE95A7325E1B23" italics="true">Achatina</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="110505A7B3C387E5E3518672FB572F33" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="ED692FAB75F60BD733CBABD38CBD58D6" italics="true">obtusa</emphasis>
<comment id="4F189F1E0EB96BC9B4CB3C78EFDFD5EB">
<bibRefCitation id="E9251A318F5E5D056AF2A9A9954B7B68" DOI="10.1111/j.1469-7998.1869.tb07354.x" author="Blanford WT" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pagination="444-450" refId="B17" refString="Blanford WT (1869) Descriptions of new land and freshwater molluscan species collected by Dr. John Anderson in Upper Burma and Yunnan. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 37 (1): 444 - 450. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1869. tb 07354. x" title="Descriptions of new land and freshwater molluscan species collected by Dr. John Anderson in Upper Burma and Yunnan." volume="37" year="1869">Blanford, 1869: 449</bibRefCitation>
. Type locality: Bhamo in regno Avae [Bhamo District,
<collectingRegion id="CA7CCFFA0B63ADD17753FBB7B08872CC" country="Myanmar" name="Kachin">Kachin State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="A49C2452501C72D963594BB12FC9CF21" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
].
</comment>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A3DFE2ED4F615C27F7132130CC265B0B">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="1803FD50F7D757B99FB003C0A6CF161A">
<taxonomicName id="0E0670C59E8EDAE2C80078AAC9FB6581" ID-CoL="968G" authorityName="Blanford" authorityYear="1869" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="obtusa" subGenus="Bacillum">
<emphasis id="6E5079A7CA56A8B74A26472A5FBAE449" italics="true">Achatina</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="66F19C904877A9A5E6FB62816A90CB37" italics="true">Bacillum</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="5FAA4C5472B4EEF84C411784EE191AE2" italics="true">obtusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="99776213DC19F5F72F887D7B6D714216">
<treatmentCitation id="B2DF812602ECD2308376B5C8BA1D1A0C" author="Hanley SCT &amp; Theobald W (1870" page="17" year="1870">
<bibRefCitation id="86DC1F4876C4CDDA63A6C3294967F0A8" author="Hanley SCT &amp; Theobald W (1870" firstAuthor="Hanley" page="17" refId="B43" refString="Hanley SCT, Theobald W (1870 (1870); pp 1928, pls 4160 (1872); pp 2934, pls 6180 (1873). pp 3548, pls 81120 (1874); pp 4956, pls 121140 (1875); pp 5765, pls 141160 (1876)] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50391" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50391" year="1870">Hanley and Theobald 1870: 17</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 36, fig. 6.
</comment>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="74B099CEB9794AB022492E83C2EEAA2B">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="FD26B4C5BB7DD6211466906AEE58CA5B">
<taxonomicName id="739069F13BC75E0895434BB655155001" ID-CoL="968G" authorityName="Blanford" authorityYear="1869" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="obtusa">
<emphasis id="479124F36CF8B77A53498C2BBABFDD08" italics="true">Achatina obtusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="A9B89636C96FA4895A5C16841B78DA6E">
<treatmentCitation id="F8DC0783D6D4F723E80903AC09912203" author="Pfeiffer L" page="290" year="1876">
<bibRefCitation id="84E0762E21C574E4853B433AA2D3F984" author="Pfeiffer L" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" page="290" refId="B81" refString="Pfeiffer L (1876) [18761877] Monographia Heliceorum Viventium: sistens descriptiones systematicas et criticas omnium huius familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum. Volumen Octavum. Lipsiae: F. A. Brockhaus, 729 pp. [pp 1480 (1876); pp 481729 (1877)] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47348" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47348" year="1876">Pfeiffer 1876: 290</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4230F2FFEE61B1E8FE403057150D527F">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="9ED2B2AD06A7C79820CADA1BC3D4973B">
<taxonomicName id="8197FD0B863B94C663B2D6F732904DFB" ID-CoL="7RFKM" baseAuthorityName="W. T. Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1869" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="obtusa">
<emphasis id="A6AB7ED9ABDD7D1A9BF009874F2E7386" italics="true">Glessula obtusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="0C28401E7DECA2E0C8726261EF15E707">
<treatmentCitation id="5B475AEF2908B0FCB1CB1F076B3F2ED1" author="Nevill G" page="25" year="1877">
<bibRefCitation id="A334558A87D638C3886119464B643955" author="Nevill G" firstAuthor="Nevill" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" page="25" pagination="14-41" refId="B68" refString="Nevill G (1877) List of the Mollusca brought back by Dr. J. Anderson from Yunnan and Upper Burma, with descriptions of new species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 46 (2): 1441. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110105" title="List of the Mollusca brought back by Dr. J. Anderson from Yunnan and Upper Burma, with descriptions of new species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110105" volume="46" year="1877">Nevill 1877: 25</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E8A35C702D606AE54E91D59722325BA">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="E17DD24D31B65451496F7CD0DC632D9A">
<taxonomicName id="33A29DADB82AD51796B83B429CC96003" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1869" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="obtusa" subGenus="Subulina">
<emphasis id="0E090CF17F8A0137DD946BFA3922F302" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="CAED8899C39861920172ED2838625C3C" italics="true">Subulina</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="E2A60FC97A393C700E8B12C37C7CC233" italics="true">obtusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="6A5B61905A532FFA3B50F6DE595E7E93">
<treatmentCitation id="F147DC19B868EB7AEF08412FD3F65058" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" page="327" year="1881">
<bibRefCitation id="6559369380B914AF1856368E338B31C4" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" journalOrPublisher="Kassel, Fischer" page="327" refId="B82" refString="Pfeiffer L, Clessin S (1881) Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali. Kassel, Fischer, 617 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" title="Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" year="1881">Pfeiffer and Clessin 1881: 327</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="83AD03D5AA93AFFA3B3DB1F098A7724B">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="3F0874792FA930D80754B1377D1B6E65">
<taxonomicName id="2140C897660F81FD48F714322E64547E" ID-CoL="7Q9QZ" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1869" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bacillum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="obtusum">
<emphasis id="9FF0F71F5271D11AF6C1F535403A9D20" italics="true">Bacillum obtusum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="1CF6CEE30E80DD1AEB0EC4043166989D">
<treatmentCitation id="E2124AE4698337D5A2E06AD028DAD493" author="Pilsbry HA" page="1" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="8E780B59043F1C52355AB323FF1E1C35" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" page="1" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906: 1</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 2, pl. 1, fig. 1.
<treatmentCitation id="214AFFD15F549D6D24EA50BFEA5484D2" author="Gude GK" page="347" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="8AAB9AD119DB8AD7272D50EAE9BEF53F" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="347" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 347</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2HBG" type="Type specimens">
<paragraph id="97A8476AE5A3BE209BE0C665CBDF6980">
<heading id="F17C45E4AFCCB6D700B150B3220AE327" reason="title">Type specimens.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AE0FC459D9D8B1EB58CDAD3F1D0D089F">
<emphasis id="416A92B9EBC99225C8534F81E65E9A54" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="735B72E33573DA7099DC8B6B09D5CC91" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<named-content id="3074D55BFDB2F5C5C63C6F0146400455" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="BCA53F1A392B4490AECD73F4A2A56D33" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1906.2. 2.349 [re-registered in error as 19850143] (4 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="420E2888DB7C70A4F725D708D5A3BED0" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A D Allopeas gracile A lectotype NHMUK 1856.09. 15.68 / 1 from Mirzapore B paralectotypes NHMUK 1856.09. 15.68 / 211 and C, D specimen CUMZ 13066 from Mandalay Region, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture E H Bacillum obtusum E, F syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.349 from Bhamo, Upper Burmah G, H specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1725 from Bhamo, Upper Burma and H juvenile shell with last whorl I Bacillum theobaldi, syntype NHMUK 1912.4. 16.121 from Burmah with last whorl." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104501">3 E, F</figureCitation>
) ex. Blanford collection from Bhamo, Upper Burmah.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EPIBG" type="material">
<paragraph id="DE5EDB29C5041D11239B971C9829FB9A">
<heading id="CE8F0E1793B40E347DDC3B1A58B4C4EA" reason="title">Other material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B21AD0B43DE937879E1AB50379281CC7">
<named-content id="58B80FF594F020FF8E9D33B0315C4E81" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="511F65B804F3FA9450329BF5C7C1533C" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1903.7. 1.1725 (2 shells +
<specimenCount id="B637D17744DA82D7DD0C343983A7B4D6" count="1" type="juvenile">1 juvenile</specimenCount>
; Fig.
<figureCitation id="1FA2E5CE30810D9FE72CD18573D7F8C8" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A D Allopeas gracile A lectotype NHMUK 1856.09. 15.68 / 1 from Mirzapore B paralectotypes NHMUK 1856.09. 15.68 / 211 and C, D specimen CUMZ 13066 from Mandalay Region, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture E H Bacillum obtusum E, F syntype NHMUK 1906.2. 2.349 from Bhamo, Upper Burmah G, H specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1725 from Bhamo, Upper Burma and H juvenile shell with last whorl I Bacillum theobaldi, syntype NHMUK 1912.4. 16.121 from Burmah with last whorl." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104501">3 G, H</figureCitation>
) ex. Godwin-Austen collection from Bhamo, Upper
<collectingCountry id="38228C2D2C189D4380104F00D59F9354" name="Myanmar">Burma</collectingCountry>
.
<named-content id="CCEEE3CF6E07D23FA1145E0A94281A98" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="308AB52DE68ACB0E4E137AFB20844CD2" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
18 / 88.12. 4.10121014 (3 shells) from Bhamo.
<named-content id="53573E64DBB8DD45A36EF7D175B3AD8A" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="307A7642279023D4FC970582EEC2F413" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
(1 shell) ex. TV Oldham collection from Bhamo,
<collectingCountry id="AE0648AA387F4FAAD3E80B8D2F7B83B2" name="Myanmar">Burma</collectingCountry>
. SMF 145947 / 2 (2 shells) ex. von Möllendorff collection from Bhamo.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EIJBG" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="329FCB48F7DA13694F12277AABD5386C">
<heading id="1BCCA5DD022BAE5119A8B9BD9420C9D7" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="504EFE9E62089C92F08504DADF00781C">Shell slender, elongate turreted and apical whorls rapidly attenuated; apex rounded, blunt and very large embryonic shell; subsequent whorls with fine radial striae. Suture shallow and whorls flattened. Aperture obliquely subovate; columella curved and truncated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENJBG" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="0CC118E0DE309FEF86061A921C38ED81">
<heading id="1645D59DFF43273552DC60E344322971" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="11A6F45AA507E25F3D1C61F8EE902E68">This species is known only from the type locality.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ESJBG" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="16760B562783255432AADDE86F1E55E3">
<heading id="2D1DCAAEA80C6E89F89D8478893D813F" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="03FD29785AC434477BE65C36C80C3038">
No new material of this species was collected in this study, but the
<typeStatus id="A8A1E7ED420C68BA493FC25893AC2DAE" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
are illustrated for the first time.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,303 @@
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<paragraph id="64D504E8A8EA8D0FB4EA68F6E70B8C9F">
<heading id="0EC5E97A731EE14C8D78ED4111EB89CD" reason="label">21</heading>
<taxonomicName id="8786A8A3E26B60E553F241FD2F05DC00" authority="von Mollendorff, 1894" authorityName="von Mollendorff" authorityYear="1894" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Opeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="filiforme">
<emphasis id="C37F5BD3B47952F5E25182B39D859817" italics="true">Opeas filiforme</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5B0156DADFB8FC31AAB2003F5B56454B" author="von Möllendorff OF" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pagination="146-156" refId="B118" refString="von Mollendorff OF (1894) On a collection of land-shells from the Samui Islands, Gulf of Siam. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 62: 146 - 156. https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 35990426" title="On a collection of land-shells from the Samui Islands, Gulf of Siam." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35990426" volume="62" year="1894">von Möllendorff, 1894</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="6F492D7CE472FCB1054A10871DD5FE01">
<figureCitation id="447FECBD3FE88E72010DC6E377670182" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. A C Opeas filiforme A lectotype SMF 227532 from Gulf von Siam: Samui-Inseln B, C specimen CUMZ 13074 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar D Paropeas swettenhami, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38930 from Malacca E Paropeas tchehelense, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38932 from Pérak, Mont Tchéhèl F Paropeas terebralis, syntype NHMUK 1888.12. 4.1081 from Shan States, Burma G, H Paropeas turricula G syntypes NHMUK 1859.8. 1.10 from Siam and H specimen CUMZ 13076 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar I L Paropeas walkeri I syntypes UMZC I. 103115. A from Andaman Island (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 56 e) J specimen NHMUK 1885.2. 18.1318 from Viper Id. Andamans K specimen CUMZ 13077 from Taunggyi Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture and L specimen CUMZ 13078 from Kalaw Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture. Photographs: V Gojšina &amp; B Páll-Gergely (A), P Bourguignon (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104510">Fig. 12 A C</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="66649BDE6CAB8121DEA6D427AF1129A8" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Shell measurements of subulinid species examined in this study. SH: shell height; SW: shell width. The localities numbers are indicated in Fig. 1." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B099E9B05D409B67DECF1570A3A8359F" tableUuid="B099E9B05D409B67DECF1570A3A8359F">Table 1</tableCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ACE7480701E85167A4A4E411C69C41F7">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="28A79D65912FEB55FCC32A1A7DE43A06">
<treatmentCitation id="4D57A649F658CC89F32724C246BF56FD" author="von Möllendorff OF" page="151" year="1894">
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<emphasis id="88AE16BAE8D8D4657ADC4E797D4592C3" italics="true">Opeas filiforme</emphasis>
<comment id="538EE6757B3DAE64D09C8359CCACAF88">
<bibRefCitation id="42A088F2E9EAF0A977B242490C4BED94" author="von Möllendorff OF" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pagination="146-156" refId="B118" refString="von Mollendorff OF (1894) On a collection of land-shells from the Samui Islands, Gulf of Siam. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 62: 146 - 156. https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 35990426" title="On a collection of land-shells from the Samui Islands, Gulf of Siam." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35990426" volume="62" year="1894">von Möllendorff, 1894: 151</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 16, fig. 11. Type locality: Golf von
<collectingCountry id="C44C8026969DB604007ADC7AE420494E" name="Thailand">Siam</collectingCountry>
: Samui-Inseln [Samui Island, Suratthani Province,
<collectingCountry id="8468A723CBA732D2B744BADB6F087A41" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
].
<treatmentCitation id="D7C20C720FEB11C5402CC0E10500191F" author="Pilsbry HA" page="161" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="47446BD4510D1800EF573F9A9773B478" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" page="161" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906: 161</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 19, fig. 22.
<treatmentCitation id="325E4CC405B78C5B9652DD7F1123A7FF" author="Zilch A" page="120" year="1973">
<bibRefCitation id="28A59CDCD66DAE0B520A680A0B1602EC" author="Zilch A" firstAuthor="Zilch" journalOrPublisher="Archiv für Molluskenkunde" page="120" pagination="99-152" refId="B125" refString="Zilch A (1973) Die Typen und Typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 51: Mollusca: Achatinacea (2): Ferrussaciidae, Subulinidae. Archiv für Molluskenkunde 103: 99152." title="Die Typen und Typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 51: Mollusca: Achatinacea (2): Ferrussaciidae, Subulinidae." volume="103" year="1973">Zilch 1973: 120</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F27E451FA5AC97D26CACDE948662E8D3">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="83C304E811D6143320B7C38CB1C2A8A6">
<taxonomicName id="08D165B7F57FB95294FAF9BFEA5E4336" baseAuthorityName="von Möllendorff" baseAuthorityYear="1894" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Prosopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="filiforme">
<emphasis id="6A773AC8D4521DD007FD1859BC689AAB" italics="true">Prosopeas filiforme</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="F53B9D0652D9D9039B33E26DAA47A54B">
<treatmentCitation id="EAF91E3B2D3958853131F689704EEAAB" author="Panha S" page="32" year="1998">
<bibRefCitation id="A5A754946729E7C4A9F4FBB2A5015768" author="Panha S" firstAuthor="Panha" page="32" refId="B72" refString="Panha S (1998) A checklist and classification of the terrestrial pulmonate snails of Thailand. Walkerana 8 [19951996] (19): 3140." year="1998">Panha 1998: 32</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EESBK" type="Type specimens">
<paragraph id="5B818DFE6D7B419F80C60E98EE8B1AF2">
<heading id="170FA85B92A8EF8DAB35101D2B8BBF6C" reason="title">Type specimens.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="98CF2E1E2228E0D33B559ECC06CC6AD9">
<materialsCitation id="A21AE8993A50D3A165E0668EB09A2974" collectorName="von Mollendorff &amp; C. Roebelen" country="Thailand" location="Siam" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="6DDA80B4BF074E152FED826A07F72811" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="839A3B9D2939C132FA89C93A9474660D" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
SMF 227532 (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D6E63A6B644FA88374F555B82EAEE806" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. A C Opeas filiforme A lectotype SMF 227532 from Gulf von Siam: Samui-Inseln B, C specimen CUMZ 13074 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar D Paropeas swettenhami, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38930 from Malacca E Paropeas tchehelense, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38932 from Pérak, Mont Tchéhèl F Paropeas terebralis, syntype NHMUK 1888.12. 4.1081 from Shan States, Burma G, H Paropeas turricula G syntypes NHMUK 1859.8. 1.10 from Siam and H specimen CUMZ 13076 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar I L Paropeas walkeri I syntypes UMZC I. 103115. A from Andaman Island (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 56 e) J specimen NHMUK 1885.2. 18.1318 from Viper Id. Andamans K specimen CUMZ 13077 from Taunggyi Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture and L specimen CUMZ 13078 from Kalaw Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture. Photographs: V Gojšina &amp; B Páll-Gergely (A), P Bourguignon (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104510">12 A</figureCitation>
)
<collectorName id="2BD2A9B07367072D0380C59FDA7B5F5A">von Möllendorff</collectorName>
ex.
<collectorName id="C6B3D98BD85E316B64C508895515729C">C. Roebelen</collectorName>
from Gulf von
<collectingCountry id="1600778C4C3A6AE1E57B254BE8660EFE" name="Thailand">Siam</collectingCountry>
: Samui-Inseln, designated in
<bibRefCitation id="35ED54CFBB2391290A42212FC8D5C644" author="Zilch A" firstAuthor="Zilch" journalOrPublisher="Archiv für Molluskenkunde" page="120" pagination="99-152" refId="B125" refString="Zilch A (1973) Die Typen und Typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 51: Mollusca: Achatinacea (2): Ferrussaciidae, Subulinidae. Archiv für Molluskenkunde 103: 99152." title="Die Typen und Typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 51: Mollusca: Achatinacea (2): Ferrussaciidae, Subulinidae." volume="103" year="1973">Zilch (1973: 120)</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
.
<emphasis id="15B780B841E946893EDDE9E4391FDBB9" bold="true">
<emphasis id="F8B2902727976ECEA5A9CBDA95ECD248" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="2F7ED5F6991EA7707D56E83C135D6AAB" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
s
</emphasis>
SMF 145657 / 7 (7 shells), SMF 227533 / 7 (7 shells).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2SBK" type="material">
<paragraph id="CE29F5CA44C6D2453207F99242A026B9">
<heading id="FA92A987C21E2CC0D721B9D5A4352520" reason="title">Other material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="799089E89B103E8950A6363E05935A28">
Phra (Buddha) Cave,
<collectingRegion id="D4A3C5827E2E2CAF80C65D5539CB6CC4" country="Myanmar" name="Taninthayi">Tanintharyi Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="CBCC209CABA812019D00A62047A8E780" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EETBK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[99.178556,11.233750]}">
<geoCoordinate id="63849DA13B2F978559F127B617701785" degrees="11" direction="north" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="01.5" value="11.23375">11 ° 14 ' 01.5 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="230CA393085D5D1390F3D1370534E44B" degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="42.8" value="99.17855">99 ° 10 ' 42.8 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
):
<named-content id="832524DAC54B99F5338BAF5D41C05984" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">
<collectionCode id="5BFC0A656011A47ED047863291AA1584" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/da58-p0xp" name="Cameroon University, Museum of Zoology" type="">CUMZ</collectionCode>
</named-content>
13074 (15 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="001D82B1649DB351F4B77D9810A5577E" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. A C Opeas filiforme A lectotype SMF 227532 from Gulf von Siam: Samui-Inseln B, C specimen CUMZ 13074 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar D Paropeas swettenhami, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38930 from Malacca E Paropeas tchehelense, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38932 from Pérak, Mont Tchéhèl F Paropeas terebralis, syntype NHMUK 1888.12. 4.1081 from Shan States, Burma G, H Paropeas turricula G syntypes NHMUK 1859.8. 1.10 from Siam and H specimen CUMZ 13076 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar I L Paropeas walkeri I syntypes UMZC I. 103115. A from Andaman Island (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 56 e) J specimen NHMUK 1885.2. 18.1318 from Viper Id. Andamans K specimen CUMZ 13077 from Taunggyi Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture and L specimen CUMZ 13078 from Kalaw Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture. Photographs: V Gojšina &amp; B Páll-Gergely (A), P Bourguignon (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104510">12 B, C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="1E6A8B19FC79F417AE9979FA2849B6ED" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure12" ID-arpha="2495A8F8-C1EC-5830-A5F3-A92376F5D982" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104510" startId="F12">
<paragraph id="7AA1B1676669E8CF52C6AFEBA7040220">
<label id="218A90FD2435F5BEEFE053D8B15ACF10">Figure 12.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="93D51DC8E8DDB592814BF9AD1D65D8CA">
<emphasis id="2F7A5FE97F9F10E26C7F51685B60B2A0" bold="true">A C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A384DB58BE7020C94CB4512B4F2EC254" authorityName="von Mollendorff" authorityYear="1894" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Opeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="filiforme">
<emphasis id="027ED2F8A847BFAE4E93F44B1CEBDCB5" italics="true">Opeas filiforme</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="60D40D6FADF930B403318B4ED0D0C1F0" bold="true">A</emphasis>
lectotype SMF 227532 from Gulf von Siam: Samui-Inseln
<emphasis id="2D946199B5520DDE328A292B4CCFE713" bold="true">B, C</emphasis>
specimen
<named-content id="E59C05046A642CD0AB6AD51135E952C8" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">CUMZ</named-content>
13074 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar
<emphasis id="5DE427889DAD7627EC07210AD916637F" bold="true">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B0E264B523232EAE19B12B23AD006EDC" baseAuthorityName="de Morgan" baseAuthorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="swettenhami">
<emphasis id="F27EC596A5BE37AFA8ACE5D70E789009" italics="true">Paropeas swettenhami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, syntype
<named-content id="71B35DBC307ABADAC9BF7FF23FF04782" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/museum-national-dhistoire-naturelle-2" xlink_title="Muséum National ďHistoire Naturelle, Paris">MNHN</named-content>
- IM- 2000-38930 from Malacca
<emphasis id="A833D2D71C2613737692ADE62FD05BD4" bold="true">E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6F939BC66621E9B5A29E02929FAA7A7F" baseAuthorityName="de Morgan" baseAuthorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tchehelense">
<emphasis id="26DF6E74C04D4DD9EF232DC8DCBA6ACB" italics="true">Paropeas tchehelense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, syntype
<named-content id="8F1E599F263F63349EABF85B8871984F" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/museum-national-dhistoire-naturelle-2" xlink_title="Muséum National ďHistoire Naturelle, Paris">MNHN</named-content>
- IM- 2000-38932 from Pérak, Mont Tchéhèl
<emphasis id="2A32C5EB3A9884034E1CF1A366A803B3" bold="true">F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D41EB8E9FF5E4516BB5EB6D598EDB958" baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="terebralis">
<emphasis id="819B84139809ACCDECDBB2CA102ABC22" italics="true">Paropeas terebralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, syntype
<named-content id="AF205435DF5B65424DADECD0A884FB5E" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1888.12. 4.1081 from Shan States, Burma
<emphasis id="DC97F93434AD6CEA081BB32AC074C9FA" bold="true">G, H</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="AA451A3A3DAAB299EF298429071416B1" baseAuthorityName="von Martens" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="turricula">
<emphasis id="1BD8B9C4CD7D222D62AA7F4439D38D41" italics="true">Paropeas turricula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="AEA423DCBEB100F75F7A57E7CD5C536E" bold="true">G</emphasis>
syntypes
<named-content id="3C017A95704AB84294A5FDCAA5730777" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1859.8. 1.10 from Siam and
<emphasis id="61D85093DDD98985046E7DA75EEE7A81" bold="true">H</emphasis>
specimen
<named-content id="814B8FA16AED6B8D8C3F40ADE2F70E6C" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">CUMZ</named-content>
13076 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar
<emphasis id="B24CF4B80BD8F164A2735619812BB6B7" bold="true">I L</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0E82E3974155786EA3A136E5387A56AE" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="walkeri">
<emphasis id="BDB69DE9C9AE07D762FD73C2C3075FFF" italics="true">Paropeas walkeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="8E24DB6B26EC88B97EFCD054DC949DAE" bold="true">I</emphasis>
syntypes
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0EQXBK" xlink_title="University Museum of Zoology Cambridge, Cambridge">UMZC</abbrev>
I. 103115. A from Andaman Island (after
<bibRefCitation id="079F27FD54A23F4677EAF47FC267605B" author="Preece" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Preece" refId="B88" refString="Preece RC, White TS, Raheem DC, Ketchum H, Ablett J, Taylor H, Naggs F (2022) William Benson and the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1434." year="2022">Preece et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 56 e)
<emphasis id="097058E36693DF829F0B6BA7067323C3" bold="true">J</emphasis>
specimen
<named-content id="BB09903DB7E29A7D2DE0662454826189" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1885.2. 18.1318 from Viper Id. Andamans
<emphasis id="19A8FB81D6F516A1B566D0F61A25F8C8" bold="true">K</emphasis>
specimen
<named-content id="24CF84FE29A079AEE9454AD5A31D9917" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">CUMZ</named-content>
13077 from Taunggyi Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture and
<emphasis id="27038B8513E8AF9382779C619948E5A9" bold="true">L</emphasis>
specimen
<named-content id="8A68776EB81898C62D1CEEF21B2F0C9D" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">CUMZ</named-content>
13078 from Kalaw Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture. Photographs: V Gojšina &amp; B Páll-Gergely (
<emphasis id="EBCD58F39935C10D082A8F4585491313" bold="true">A</emphasis>
), P Bourguignon (
<emphasis id="FFBF19E4B10FAD50241C0AD8CB498F40" bold="true">D, E</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EXYBK" type="description">
<paragraph id="91EF09380A34A825B63C3D7F01A86603">
<heading id="F402046769499FF79F3AA9EC3092CA9B" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3A995A2B84C6C901572D05EC6B37499D">Shell slender and conical, translucent, whitish colour, and with 7 ½ 8 whorls. Apex rounded; protoconch ~ 2 whorls, rounded and smooth surface; subsequent whorls generally nearly smooth with fine growth lines. Spire gradually and cylindrically tapering and largely turreted; whorls flatly convex and last whorl largest; suture deep and weakly crenulated. Aperture oblong; peristome thin; columella straight; columellar margin slightly expanded. Umbilicus narrowly opened to closed.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E3YBK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="39D131F7EFF23FA861DD5A2A2CA486EE">
<heading id="ADBF5779FFB627BCB5302E5CA42A1C46" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F65427BD5F01B1C75FA4903949D4E46">
This species occurs in peninsular
<collectingCountry id="FA9B0EC954FCAAACFBA21927A1AFE143" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
and is newly recorded from the
<collectingRegion id="D933EF24F25F03E024AB4AC810BEA694" country="Myanmar" name="Taninthayi">Tanintharyi Region</collectingRegion>
, southern
<collectingCountry id="F5E45EC9605F9E7D9CB5A3335C053549" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBZBK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="81E8569D1DE7B1A046CFADFB6E97DA3F">
<heading id="33C35DBA898856B0D44ED95D2FD151A1" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E3DD53D786F7D518C844341E57744B0B">
New discovered of this species were found in Tanintharyi, which borders the type locality of
<collectingCountry id="946A0A1C542010ADD6115EA9089AEF33" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
. The type specimen (Fig.
<figureCitation id="63E0265C4BD01E267C80BD4F005873F8" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. A C Opeas filiforme A lectotype SMF 227532 from Gulf von Siam: Samui-Inseln B, C specimen CUMZ 13074 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar D Paropeas swettenhami, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38930 from Malacca E Paropeas tchehelense, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38932 from Pérak, Mont Tchéhèl F Paropeas terebralis, syntype NHMUK 1888.12. 4.1081 from Shan States, Burma G, H Paropeas turricula G syntypes NHMUK 1859.8. 1.10 from Siam and H specimen CUMZ 13076 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar I L Paropeas walkeri I syntypes UMZC I. 103115. A from Andaman Island (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 56 e) J specimen NHMUK 1885.2. 18.1318 from Viper Id. Andamans K specimen CUMZ 13077 from Taunggyi Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture and L specimen CUMZ 13078 from Kalaw Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture. Photographs: V Gojšina &amp; B Páll-Gergely (A), P Bourguignon (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104510">12 A</figureCitation>
) possesses less turreted and more convex whorls than our specimens; however, this differentiation is herein considered an intraspecific variation. Compared to
<taxonomicName id="84053CFB6573F694E03F0988EF5079C2" authority="Preston, 1910" authorityName="Preston" authorityYear="1910" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Opeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="innocens">
<emphasis id="26884A9364932663E746AE65C7CE64D2" italics="true">O. innocens</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="724C0FDC38B72C8BD109728EE8EE5C70" DOI="10.26515/rzsi/v5/i1/1910/163757" author="Preston HB" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Indian Museum" pagination="33-36" refId="B89" refString="Preston HB (1910) Description of new shells in the collection of the Indian Museum from Burma, Siam, and the Bay of Bengal. Records of the Indian Museum 5 (1): 33 - 36. https: // doi. org / 10.26515 / rzsi / v 5 / i 1 / 1910 / 163757" title="Description of new shells in the collection of the Indian Museum from Burma, Siam, and the Bay of Bengal." volume="5" year="1910">Preston, 1910</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from Mawlamyine,
<taxonomicName id="F880411C834DF9721972401B7A27E5B5" authorityName="von Mollendorff" authorityYear="1894" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Opeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="filiforme">
<emphasis id="BE59FE0953EAEE3E9B063CCD1B6994EE" italics="true">O. filiforme</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Tanintharyi can generally be differentiated by its slender and more attenuated shell, slightly convex whorls, and turreted spire. However, a comprehensive examination of
<taxonomicName id="40882EAB896B6BE99E7900CA2F2C4025" authorityName="Preston" authorityYear="1910" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Opeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="innocens">
<emphasis id="B5209A6C0464F992DE247A7DCBC8B935" italics="true">O. innocens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens from the type locality is necessary to confirm this distinction.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="4B05BE1D0AA75F3761BD4417621FF8BE">Contributions on a small collection of the former Subulinidae Fischer &amp; Crosse, 1877 (Eupulmonata, Achatinoidea) with catalogue of the Glessula and Rishetia species recorded from Myanmar</mods:title>
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<heading id="3ED66F0DEB1A8EF66D43C007FD8A2B67" reason="label">15</heading>
<taxonomicName id="050D57DEAA081F93130BD17430640F10" authority="(Reeve, 1849)" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1849" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="orophila">
<emphasis id="5033B18BAD75F349542C078A5FEC20FB" italics="true">Glessula orophila</emphasis>
(Reeve, 1849)
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<paragraph id="EBF47D241047BECB3C28A0DE6D92923C">
<figureCitation id="B7827B682689E77308244826402C2986" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. A Glessula orophila, specimen NHMUK ex. Blanford collection from Mahableshwar B, C Glessula peguensis, specimen NHMUK 1909.3. 15.8 from Thyet-Myo D, E Glessula perlevis, syntypes NHMUK 1906.5. 5.89 from Shan Hills, Burma F Glessula ponsiensis, syntypes NHMUK 1989042 from Ponsee." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104508">Fig. 10 A</figureCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="282309D8FEED4A4B212F1EB0C6C2545A" ID-CoL="96CN" authority="Reeve, 1849 a" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1849" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="orophila">
<emphasis id="71DAFDED0A6FCCACB44AB8F5FDBA7726" italics="true">Achatina orophila</emphasis>
<comment id="F1F0402EBA28CC0CA89E67B7B4559A50">
Reeve, 1849 a:
<emphasis id="11A3157366F588DF9641980214A0F6E3" italics="true">Achatina</emphasis>
, pl. 19, species 105. Type locality: Neilgherry Hills,
<collectingCountry id="E64D9075F936BB66449B704BEE7384D2" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
[Nilgiri Hills,
<collectingCountry id="933B59CF21AF20F16AABFFF859A5BFEE" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
]; Colombo,
<collectingCountry id="F64AEA49DA5E86CD939044013F9A290B" name="Sri Lanka">Ceylon</collectingCountry>
.
<treatmentCitation id="C69FA65D79CFFCD94F705C1B19E3EAE9" author="Benson WH" page="465" year="1860">
<bibRefCitation id="0198AB8E91DAA62D44C77FAAC0B93689" DOI="10.1080/00222936008697255" author="Benson WH" firstAuthor="Benson" page="465" refId="B12" refString="Benson WH (1860) On new land-shells from Darjiling, with a series of new Indian species of Achatina. Annals &amp; Magazine of Natural History Series 3 5 (30): 460466. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222936008697255" year="1860">Benson 1860: 465</bibRefCitation>
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.
</comment>
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="5A8BF6B478D780470068C9F644E4AB0F" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1849" class="Gastropoda" family="Oleacinidae" genus="Oleacina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="orophila" subGenus="Electra">
<emphasis id="126833AA3629CC3137ADBD1C4C54DF2E" italics="true">Oleacina</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="8CA1111AB7BD755E1274D4A0B08DCAAF" italics="true">Electra</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="5B35217BB0CD48FE533DD79DD476F270" italics="true">orophila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="5DD64A5DB8081B78A014A018BCF6112F">
<treatmentCitation id="455B405753DA7F6C81ADECF2127B3870" author="Adams H &amp; Adams A" page="106" year="1855">
<bibRefCitation id="0521F6B3D3E496C3E776019C801E4101" author="Adams H &amp; Adams A" firstAuthor="Adams" journalOrPublisher="van Voorst, London" page="106" refId="B1" refString="Adams H, Adams A (1855) [18541858] The Genera of Recent Mollusca; Arranged According to their Organization. Volume 2. van Voorst, London, 661 pp. [pp 93284 (1855)]" title="[1854-1858] The Genera of Recent Mollusca; Arranged According to their Organization. Volume 2." year="1855">Adams and Adams 1855: 106</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="75D626DCE1FBC2EEE01274783BF06F50" ID-CoL="8VQ3V" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1849" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Cionella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="orophila" subGenus="Glessula">
<emphasis id="79FAAF6B1E0CE2CD75B55B54449362B7" italics="true">Cionella</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="205E386948CC01B57721FD79750BB315" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="DE97024E935253665755901506D1A649" italics="true">orophila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="D917880E5E24940036EE1C856255EDEA">
<treatmentCitation id="93B2733C420ECEA4B0742BAAB24A0B93" author="von Martens E" page="254" year="1860">
<bibRefCitation id="B0DBF83DCC53EBEFAB10C2ADB3194678" author="von Martens E" firstAuthor="von Martens" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" page="254" pagination="6-18" refId="B114" refString="von Martens E (1860) On the Mollusca of Siam. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 28: 618. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12866504" title="On the Mollusca of Siam." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12866504" volume="28" year="1860">von Martens 1860: 254</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FFAC59AC8234EF08E1A4AA111D5F2FCD">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6C0D731EE43A06D9F54F3F545436CE26">
<taxonomicName id="661A5B15F2B8D0028B1FD6F4FC850F88" ID-CoL="7T7M8" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1849" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="orophila" subGenus="Glessula">
<emphasis id="A9E0994422AFB1D81FC29776DEF8510D" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="AA89C7D6C02620894FC345A55406A819" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="7D3FD3E2D96C35F322E68AABC445A191" italics="true">orophila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="FA61272746906FBF7481C1421618E767">
<treatmentCitation id="882DAFD9C7047D433B3E352CB2AF936F" author="Nevill G" page="137" year="1881">
<bibRefCitation id="AA7F0A9B38D1E5F9466E48CA327D253E" author="Nevill G" firstAuthor="Nevill" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" page="137" pagination="125-167" refId="B70" refString="Nevill G (1881) New or little-known Mollusca of the Indo-Malayan Fauna. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 50 (2): 125167. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110180" title="New or little-known Mollusca of the Indo-Malayan Fauna." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110180" volume="50" year="1881">Nevill 1881: 137</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 5, fig. 19.
</comment>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7E2050B99B213F1F1C920DBAA442CDFE">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="9BEEC9C053BF4DA29942FA80F1EAF183">
<taxonomicName id="58A4E5A314B243227BC7397FB9324F43" ID-CoL="6KHP7" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1849" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="orophila">
<emphasis id="DCF9F489EBAD6B50714FB61DCCFBAB30" italics="true">Glessula orophila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="7D7E8E3EA9BA2B345D64E74F2B96BFB4">
<treatmentCitation id="0632ECDD03EB36337A110B2679D4142E" author="Beddome CR" page="168" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="9BCE1A5C9DE685157719E70B0B91FDE8" DOI="10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" author="Beddome CR" firstAuthor="Beddome" page="168" refId="B8" refString="Beddome CR (1906) Notes on Indian and Ceylonese species of Glessula. The Journal of Molluscan Studies 6 (3): 160172. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" year="1906">Beddome 1906: 168</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. Pilsbry 1909: 79, pl. 10, fig. 10.
<treatmentCitation id="31C4EF6FFD82B501196FC206E22A0A8B" author="Gude GK" page="423" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="4212549B775FBD6FDF3C1810FE22C2B8" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="423" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 423</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="262D6F48B53B31478055B27D1657B602" author="Raheem DC &amp; Taylor H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Preece RC &amp; Aravind NA &amp; Naggs F" page="128" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="51AB48A318E7373854743049F1DF6F82" author="Raheem DC &amp; Taylor H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Preece RC &amp; Aravind NA &amp; Naggs F" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Raheem" page="128" refId="B90" refString="Raheem DC, Taylor H, Ablett J, Preece RC, Aravind NA, Naggs F (2014) A systematic revision of the land snails of the Western Ghats of India. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 4): 1294." year="2014">Raheem et al. 2014: 128</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 83 a.
</comment>
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="A480E1EFE5DDC6F9BA9F1567D5ED9F79">
<heading id="8325A3483A3190112D3CBD29F316025D" reason="title">Type specimen.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7BBA6A2FABEDF61C6ABE33C024114C67">
The type specimen could not be located from the
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and the
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collections (
<bibRefCitation id="F7A004EB7C4E83FEF75ED69494BD750A" author="Raheem" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Raheem" refId="B90" refString="Raheem DC, Taylor H, Ablett J, Preece RC, Aravind NA, Naggs F (2014) A systematic revision of the land snails of the Western Ghats of India. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 4): 1294." year="2014">Raheem et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="882D901EFCDC86C4F2A8B100FB3DE516" author="Preece" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Preece" refId="B88" refString="Preece RC, White TS, Raheem DC, Ketchum H, Ablett J, Taylor H, Naggs F (2022) William Benson and the golden age of malacology in British India: Biography, illustrated catalogue and evaluation of his molluscan types. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 6): 1434." year="2022">Preece et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FC234BA05210877CEBB20CE1553BC386">
<heading id="23D6BCA180B775EC6CC6E1EF7D8FE5EF" reason="title">Other material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="936DB67D06EAB1AE518C1E3DD7A69ED5">
<named-content id="D3F2ECF7635276588C5E668D08F11584" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
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(3 shells +
<specimenCount id="57401B5758F094EFCD39252C032EB64B" count="2" type="juvenile">2 juveniles</specimenCount>
; Fig.
<figureCitation id="8B29F33C316EB8C0D81AF20999DAEB96" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. A Glessula orophila, specimen NHMUK ex. Blanford collection from Mahableshwar B, C Glessula peguensis, specimen NHMUK 1909.3. 15.8 from Thyet-Myo D, E Glessula perlevis, syntypes NHMUK 1906.5. 5.89 from Shan Hills, Burma F Glessula ponsiensis, syntypes NHMUK 1989042 from Ponsee." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104508">10 A</figureCitation>
) ex. Blanford collection from Mahableshwar.
</paragraph>
<caption id="CDE55A165701F7EB47E9858A2A0FBE20" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure10" ID-arpha="E669A994-3FD6-5731-A6CE-07A4341FCC90" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104508" startId="F10">
<paragraph id="CDA18330FED42C971F1EB571FA718705">
<label id="1820496B71BD0EB5BF14571FFBC69BDA">Figure 10.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="59FD0839273A8C424AC5179FCAFD06CB">
<emphasis id="F4176C13E4D08B6D7B32058E90BF5FAC" bold="true">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A94D965769FBEA66A7E330167255990D" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1849" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="orophila">
<emphasis id="89064DF852086CF7785012A1DE0292AC" italics="true">Glessula orophila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, specimen
<named-content id="6D0D921C43C1224BDA5409A7F13253DE" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
ex. Blanford collection from Mahableshwar
<emphasis id="AE89F9C29693848D43E8B0FD5D3FB416" bold="true">B, C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3FA3AA66FC660B10C49988A7E7E23F52" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="peguensis">
<emphasis id="E47C2EE5ED400C17414406A12E0315DC" italics="true">Glessula peguensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, specimen
<named-content id="7ECDA9C2A88CC4D9A522C4D7E6912CA9" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1909.3. 15.8 from Thyet-Myo
<emphasis id="7423F8BC00C44B7B9124C7B2CFAC5855" bold="true">D, E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D6617A8853E6E468DB0C9FB7459A4C01" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perlevis">
<emphasis id="A8D293D32E433E8CF30481B470E67B44" italics="true">Glessula perlevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, syntypes
<named-content id="E004ED9320D05FF8B796CA49CC1C53FC" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1906.5. 5.89 from Shan Hills, Burma
<emphasis id="DF610521E0C7794734EFE2AA0261AEC5" bold="true">F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C1A249EEE972101F726A62DF75EC4BBA" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ponsiensis">
<emphasis id="F79CD1207B8DEBB0524265C5BB224E0C" italics="true">Glessula ponsiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, syntypes
<named-content id="178176D3C9674A6192CDCC39C29B104F" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1989042 from Ponsee.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EIMAK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="63178366A25CD4B06B101B823CD5306A">
<heading id="DE7658306C4550FC4F39C10A3DBB4F6C" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4099C2CDCD1D8AD1D78976315DFD9A0A">Shell ovate conical and regularly attenuated; spire low conical; apex rounded; subsequent whorls with very weak irregularly spaced radial ridges, and fine radial groves present. Suture shallow and whorls flattened. Last whorl large and ovate; aperture ovate; columella concave and truncated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENMAK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="26CDF4AFBC69021F029BD7E688053FD2">
<heading id="E7AAD9B021F1B377FDF59E92FD365246" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C46521AAF11B3FEA52110535534F39FB">
This species was first introduced from
<collectingCountry id="02AB38E1288914FDAD6403C447E02E75" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
and later reported from
<collectingCountry id="D067F46B6D8E237C0A5860C3B5E0ED6C" name="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingRegion id="F2FD1991046A8470DEF46CB1264972C9" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
[
<collectingRegion id="0EF4D20BF88F3444C705D41C50B7E38E" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Bago Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="B017D4A40E7E71877EF4F02D46285C87" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
] (
<bibRefCitation id="B23C74398AFAE46DA0E107673F8BAE3C" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="423" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 423</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EXMAK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="BD713959828B1D188EF0573CBD4D1445">
<heading id="5DBCD4A4D0F0A827E13354E4BC6259F9" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D275FDCFD16CBE221A9F3FF733C6319F">
<taxonomicName id="29F05918825E0E7AA5B7C906D6C3DA87" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1849" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="orophila">
<emphasis id="F9150474F12674F68AA9710DB0918E54" italics="true">Glessula orophila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is listed in the doubtful name by
<bibRefCitation id="332A287DA1F8B4F5228ECA16290676D3" author="Raheem DC &amp; Taylor H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Preece RC &amp; Aravind NA &amp; Naggs F" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Raheem" refId="B90" refString="Raheem DC, Taylor H, Ablett J, Preece RC, Aravind NA, Naggs F (2014) A systematic revision of the land snails of the Western Ghats of India. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 4): 1294." year="2014">Raheem et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
. No
<collectingCountry id="987E8AB9E588A3BA4F6F698F0C0E7392" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
material has been examined, and only the literature record is known.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
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<paragraph id="07E761ADD4594EEE1F52038FCC6C71D1">
<heading id="7D077E1DE280E43F4D8A1C25AE576728" reason="label">16</heading>
<taxonomicName id="DE811E5AFA3FC80E05BB89B9AFCF6425" authority="(Blanford, 1865)" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="peguensis">
<emphasis id="0936926CE6ABE74C948969CE3E7A72E7" italics="true">Glessula peguensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D0DB31938AD14819082DE329FCD11895" author="Blanford WT" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66 - 105. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford, 1865</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C6C3B914D782B9C06F14B3B69F1DA8DE" type="description">
<paragraph id="D9F81379B665FA5D3C9CB32DA4B14491">
<figureCitation id="66240011A81E9AC48F205FE3A1494177" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. A Glessula orophila, specimen NHMUK ex. Blanford collection from Mahableshwar B, C Glessula peguensis, specimen NHMUK 1909.3. 15.8 from Thyet-Myo D, E Glessula perlevis, syntypes NHMUK 1906.5. 5.89 from Shan Hills, Burma F Glessula ponsiensis, syntypes NHMUK 1989042 from Ponsee." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104508">Fig. 10 B, C</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="17C7DA65787719B111D45E25263F3DDF">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="C17FD1DED817A408DB1DC5C154D6D489">
<treatmentCitation id="CB832C2C8B413E2E9AFD180395026ABD" author="Blanford WT" page="78" year="1865">
<taxonomicName id="627B01E12FCD9D5FFE91190C5EE4105B" ID-CoL="7PSK3" authority="Blanford, 1865: 78" authorityName="Blanford" authorityPageNumber="78" authorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="peguensis">
<emphasis id="E3A469796C04D163CB2C06B6853D2AD9" italics="true">Achatina peguensis</emphasis>
<comment id="9A29E0050CE500CE1D38A32FD390FE1D">
<bibRefCitation id="07FA3AE142B1357550BEAF116AF5A1F6" author="Blanford WT" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66 - 105. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford, 1865: 78</bibRefCitation>
. Type locality: Irawady valley,
<collectingRegion id="EEF57C304562DD814124CF09F36A350F" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
[
<collectingRegion id="BEC470E60EC686883533B960BB65EF5F" country="Myanmar" name="Ayeyawady">Ayeyarwady</collectingRegion>
valley,
<collectingRegion id="47B0471909462E5A5139328AFA965066" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Bago Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="8601B92D0FCAB05B66D1581041133EE5" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
].
<treatmentCitation id="ACFCB28428831D58D6B0E2067FDAE791" author="Pfeiffer L" page="228" year="1868">
<bibRefCitation id="E8F46DF1AC865ABDA5C5F32B3CC19C3E" author="Pfeiffer L" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" page="228" refId="B80" refString="Pfeiffer L (1868) Monographia Heliceorum Viventium: sistens descriptiones systematicas et criticas omnium huius familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum. Volumen Sextum. Lipsiae: F. A. Brockhaus, 598 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/46666" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/46666" year="1868">Pfeiffer 1868: 228</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. Hanley and Theobald 1874: 41, pl. 102, fig. 6.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A4EE63B7857215405B064130F1CFAF25">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="2F46FC15EE3D1868888341FF856E7CD5">
<taxonomicName id="334CDD894F5019EC17F34C4FCDDF5875" ID-CoL="7RFKV" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="peguensis">
<emphasis id="B4E0A8B30B159A1114FB23EFDC09C1B2" italics="true">Glessula peguensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="6D4DD3D729C0EDA2ADC8E4E4E24234FF">
<treatmentCitation id="45225F8C8C2FC4E99E9B1226FD4CD0AB" author="Theobald W &amp; Stoliczka F" page="334" year="1872">
<bibRefCitation id="41F39D7175811F9272FA3A8604873648" author="Theobald W &amp; Stoliczka F" firstAuthor="Theobald" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" page="334" pagination="329-334" refId="B107" refString="Theobald W, Stoliczka F (1872) Notes on Barmese and Arakanese land shells, with descriptions of a few new species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 41 (2): 329334." title="Notes on Barmese and Arakanese land shells, with descriptions of a few new species." volume="41" year="1872">Theobald and Stoliczka 1872: 334</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="E14E409046236E080BFD2EFF16BAF4DA" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" page="331" year="1881">
<bibRefCitation id="591FB8D69CEE2D096AD2B9EF4EE1C783" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" journalOrPublisher="Kassel, Fischer" page="331" refId="B82" refString="Pfeiffer L, Clessin S (1881) Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali. Kassel, Fischer, 617 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" title="Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" year="1881">Pfeiffer and Clessin 1881: 331</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="27E2720E2A4B85A0238A7F9F0FD09EB7" author="Beddome CR" page="171" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="EE7435501558D2F1586C735EAF9787C6" DOI="10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" author="Beddome CR" firstAuthor="Beddome" page="171" refId="B8" refString="Beddome CR (1906) Notes on Indian and Ceylonese species of Glessula. The Journal of Molluscan Studies 6 (3): 160172. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" year="1906">Beddome 1906: 171</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. Pilsbry 1909: 99, pl. 13, fig. 12.
<treatmentCitation id="81E566951DCC6723FB11E092E482E64B" author="Gude GK" page="438" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="87057D3C0257038771EB770F0DD800D4" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="438" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 438</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="EAA93EF38FBC56F979D92F65C2E32844" author="Godwin-Austen HH" page="55" year="1920">
<bibRefCitation id="4BFF2BA944708F13542D7748BF6AFE9E" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="55" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920: 55</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 56, pl. 162, figs 20, 21.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FCA5B0C3E41CC65A97FA50BC8FE1B88C">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="0A1C93FCB51B5548914B2466CCD15B04">
<taxonomicName id="4C19C3DE40615FBBA2FA5CE7C6E03065" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="peguensis" subGenus="Glessula">
<emphasis id="EF743EE497C4D2668D32C6FF750FED3A" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="20EF52C979DE464DF4258783D2D868BC" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="BC40C25519F1154EF19E9A54DC2D7733" italics="true">peguensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="EDC0C373D939E98B9365F5CEB2B670CC">
<treatmentCitation id="D3C15B8E9277AF716C64656F6A233F57" author="Nevill G" page="171" year="1878">
<bibRefCitation id="292101FACF8448281057F49E12788903" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11957" author="Nevill G" firstAuthor="Nevill" journalOrPublisher="Indian Museum, Calcutta" page="171" refId="B69" refString="Nevill G (1878) Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda. Indian Museum, Calcutta, 338 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11957" title="Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda." year="1878">Nevill 1878: 171</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E4QAK" type="Type specimen">
<paragraph id="AE52CAF6C20EECDA7719FE850F272C44">
<heading id="BADC34CC2C34F562B67B01DD5AC46C7B" reason="title">Type specimen.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4200E0E00CD4586B648FAFDB7D57C936">
The type specimen could not be located in the
<named-content id="425967A26D40BE6AC0891A1D894933B4" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="F6090F89D1A2371B591A1FCBEEDB5BF3" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
collection.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EIRAK" type="material">
<paragraph id="0BE71A9D9B1BB70019A35270AD00E7FC">
<heading id="3B631AE41A8D266AE6038D5A23D48D56" reason="title">Other material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0573177AA50EC0DE2B7A7E8D8E5EF7CB">
<named-content id="2EB20655BBD6FFE398DD80BCF0B0203F" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="FD963F4790F9FBD67F0153FE08C363C0" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1909.3. 15.8 (3 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="4330319398864CD5A623A0FBB243E4DE" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. A Glessula orophila, specimen NHMUK ex. Blanford collection from Mahableshwar B, C Glessula peguensis, specimen NHMUK 1909.3. 15.8 from Thyet-Myo D, E Glessula perlevis, syntypes NHMUK 1906.5. 5.89 from Shan Hills, Burma F Glessula ponsiensis, syntypes NHMUK 1989042 from Ponsee." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104508">10 B, C</figureCitation>
) ex. Blanford collection from Thyet-Myo.
<named-content id="2545AC2E5B366365946D36E213ED4624" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="7DA65B3839782CF46E4265CAAD651DC8" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
20230920 ex. H.
<collectionCode id="DC639328BF0FCF97BF666AECE1503BEB">B</collectionCode>
. F. collection (4 shells) from Thyet Myo. SMF 235657 / 2 (2 shells) from
<collectingRegion id="0803929E2AA971ECA0935B355EDD960C" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E3RAK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="01B8E7CE7CCDBB0581A269064E207C31">
<heading id="1B71C31F94F30CEE664691746DB99704" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DE451AD117897D90F8FB32AC333ECE3C">Shell oblong ovate and regularly attenuated; spire high conical; apex rounded and blunt; subsequent whorls with prominent regularly spaced radial ribs. Suture deeply impressed and whorls convex. Aperture widely ovate; columella strong, concave, and truncated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBSAK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7C154E1447E1EC180146CEBA99F32D11">
<heading id="4EE62CDBD11EBC13706EC61217FB5B60" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="685445F17D299939BAA8FE320344BF3A">
<taxonomicName id="BD295885FFD19B10BE2256F5818C1068" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="peguensis">
<emphasis id="6EE95144DF7BBB0866D0A27FBBC77B29" italics="true">Glessula peguensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distributed in
<collectingRegion id="1CB9E0886B3B8BF2FBA60001D3EF0D56" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Bago Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="3AFA66F42D53BEFB7B8BAA5BBAE6F1AD" country="Myanmar" name="Magway">Magway Region</collectingRegion>
, and
<collectingRegion id="D52CBD0113395057886717085A119188" country="Myanmar" name="Rakhine">Rakhine State</collectingRegion>
in
<collectingCountry id="F41E97CFFF443EABE3E8A5C0E0EC665C" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, as well as in
<collectingCountry id="C8E9AE6370818BAFA3EE48B3858DAD9D" name="Bangladesh">Chittagong</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="1892125DAF7BD1FC43AC517D9BBF63A0" name="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7B85E2F17D8776459209536CD5F75111" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="889633499523F32E489A74EEB574B62E" author="Godwin-Austen" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E1SAK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="14AC6305AAA8F439D6A253A708790DD0">
<heading id="FABD28006C8063E1CF6C3F0A0E4C4D70" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DAEFECBA78C874DD980ABDD8968D5B70">
The specimen from Thyet-myo, which is present in the Blanford collection with the original label as authentic, is illustrated herein as an example of this species. According to
<bibRefCitation id="130C88C5A4C6237BD51162F07041A0FB" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="56" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen (1920: 56)</bibRefCitation>
, this species is commonly found in
<collectingRegion id="132E9F03D13BF88FE1FCC93F0E426C5A" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="88F0942355B830F55ECAD1596659BEE7">
The original type locality of this species was from a broad geographical range, Pegu, and the museum label stated Thyet-Myo as the collection locality. The reference to Pegu and Thyet-Myo on the original label needs to be clarified as to whether they refer to the same area or if there is a specific location in Thyet-Myo, Pegu. The current administration area now includes Thyet-Myo [Thayet Myo] as a district of the
<collectingRegion id="9E1E27FB007BE02C909A7B6F84AD3B77" country="Myanmar" name="Magway">Magway Region</collectingRegion>
located in central
<collectingCountry id="E78CADD4CC59EEDCFD35A4DB0EDF013F" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, formerly part of
<collectingRegion id="FBC8B775A4AD9BE1C073E6064FBFB6C5" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
, Lower Burma during the British colonial period. Furthermore,
<bibRefCitation id="5C66E0AAD187EA613BD0CD7374DCB223" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="56" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen (1920: 56)</bibRefCitation>
stated that additional specimens from
<collectingRegion id="6CC42AA7155E9BA5E0F0C9018FBCA488" country="Myanmar" name="Rakhine">Arakan</collectingRegion>
near Tongoop (No. 262.06.2.2) tended to have a larger shell size than the type specimen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,229 @@
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<paragraph id="A030F1EC1C2D8EDC2E227A2B493A0A12">
<heading id="59B21841C2AFB365B103311C7F703787" reason="label">27</heading>
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<emphasis id="8DD14E5296CAE92BEFA3632A8DBD3418" italics="true">Rishetia akouktoungensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="979631DDF02F44C61018F886B0E3BD4E" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8443522C9B03D85F4C92E1F65C76C759" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D1838D2E51DC91A5B17ABECCD0CD89B6" type="description">
<paragraph id="A9C5A5A792B6765DE9B31696054E0048">
<figureCitation id="177A0F3994AF0C84124CB97657369D0A" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. A C Rishetia akouktoungensis, syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2207 from Akouktoung, Pegu D Rishetia baculina, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.9 from Kursiong, Darjiling E, F Rishetia basseinensis, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.19 from Bassein G I Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli G holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 1 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima H specimen NHMUK 1988147 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, west of Kyengdwen River, Burma and I paratypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 24 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104511">Fig. 13 A C</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5C3F11A59292FC99435769EE6478E057" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="19801AA3EE76C2740CC37432CC42043B">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="61743756067006D6DF29A152BD33C9E0">
<treatmentCitation id="6EE175BF088072FFEC8BD443C403AC5E" author="Godwin-Austen HH" page="55" year="1920">
<taxonomicName id="35D67DC8E28E9F345F3B3B1E0341A905" ID-CoL="7RFHR" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1920: 55" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityPageNumber="55" authorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="akouktoungensis">
<emphasis id="816719284151B7DE0E85C66E39389169" italics="true">Glessula akouktoungensis</emphasis>
<comment id="B873044CA291B269FF7FF41D843BE5DE">
<bibRefCitation id="70E679CB6F5DE3B6B4E2409651F6202F" author="Godwin-Austen HH" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 1 - 65. [pls 159 - 165] https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen, 1920: 55</bibRefCitation>
. Type locality: Akouktoung on Irawady,
<collectingRegion id="42A8DE0AA0E9C804E45D088C6818DF39" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
[Akauk Taung (hill), Pyay District,
<collectingRegion id="A575EB504A24C204736469A1448ED911" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Bago Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="965709F992F6C88A1777DE7B16356751" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
].
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ELQDK" type="Type specimens">
<paragraph id="8FDF7E863F4F32DA154B81B7CBEDC497">
<heading id="454BFF949FB8D45635B65237EC08C53F" reason="title">Type specimens.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B14F9EC5A4C04AD6C88583961CC4D4C8">
<materialsCitation id="02F8E539AB65152F216F1F55DC4C6465" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="W. T. Blanford" location="Akouktoung" specimenCode="1906.1. 1.2207" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pegu" typeStatus="syntype">
<emphasis id="032D7A2060A6838FF5C558EEC7992528" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="9C936A40F6E8BC702DD7C4558B8E05FB" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<named-content id="629F2A6682691163CCBC653C57B5E9B4" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="D82971D07D9042F07ABFDED6F3D61B9F" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
<specimenCode id="4A6B36E7AE7EA500F62EB34F4C68D672">1906.1. 1.2207</specimenCode>
[re-registered in error as 1985138] (6 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="9ACFF60A57BF76F7F80F474F9F983139" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. A C Rishetia akouktoungensis, syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2207 from Akouktoung, Pegu D Rishetia baculina, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.9 from Kursiong, Darjiling E, F Rishetia basseinensis, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.19 from Bassein G I Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli G holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 1 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima H specimen NHMUK 1988147 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, west of Kyengdwen River, Burma and I paratypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 24 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104511">13 A C</figureCitation>
). ex.
<collectorName id="DCC241521F7FEDF2D6836903D4AD487F">W. T. Blanford</collectorName>
ex. Godwin-Austen collection from
<location id="0F91DCD8325CE87E4AEC8C3977F4989C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F3A7005BB9D058F49051E674F1F700D3:0F91DCD8325CE87E4AEC8C3977F4989C" name="Akouktoung" stateProvince="Pegu">Akouktoung</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="72BD91182FD4FC6E055CA60763753634" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="A9F53BDC6A80C26890560B156B2DC76D" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure13" ID-arpha="963E2B84-C1DB-52F2-AE4A-02EAAFCD8183" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104511" startId="F13">
<paragraph id="36E9AE9B04F0A754E4419E4A3B0C05E2">
<label id="667002F9E5DB08295E6894F73FD59B90">Figure 13.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="28C40368FA52CFC6C72413F5233FC1FF">
<emphasis id="07192E0EA2EA28E490870A2698AC4731" bold="true">A C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="38AE5F0B935FD1235FBEB80828055DD8" authorityName="Man &amp; Ablett &amp; Lwin &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Godwin-Austen" baseAuthorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="akouktoungensis">
<emphasis id="01262FFBF6669BFAB8D992478C7CAC09" italics="true">Rishetia akouktoungensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, syntypes
<named-content id="5796294FA3A64BEC1F3DB7C00F3C2A8D" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1906.1. 1.2207 from Akouktoung, Pegu
<emphasis id="4A17F668FFC5067676C0CBBA35EA077F" bold="true">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D32428774D44ABD3844A2184E2250FEE" authorityName="Man &amp; Ablett &amp; Lwin &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1871" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="baculina">
<emphasis id="028AA87479BF1C18EB0CC00D739EEB95" italics="true">Rishetia baculina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, syntypes
<named-content id="A16870B8D506F6C1356DB3CA2BD62DF0" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1909.3. 15.9 from Kursiong, Darjiling
<emphasis id="7BCC172C36A383509D1EEC0F628CEF4B" bold="true">E, F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="EC96BF0C228960AD08EA43E9D83A9E8A" authorityName="Man &amp; Ablett &amp; Lwin &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Godwin-Austen" baseAuthorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="basseinensis">
<emphasis id="7B1AF32CB7AEDA30C442DDB01F501C2F" italics="true">Rishetia basseinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, syntypes
<named-content id="6BC255FA1C9B0D7CD4B66842174D319D" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1909.3. 15.19 from Bassein
<emphasis id="FBC13A37B57C78FF32B0D94E16EFC183" bold="true">G I</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1E7614025A72F1A197ECBD807E390442" baseAuthorityName="Godwin-Austen" baseAuthorityYear="1920" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="burrailensis" subSpecies="maxwelli">
<emphasis id="399D36F794D661F68D6F29F2A85B4EC1" italics="true">Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6DF70BB85597B34135B7412451052007" bold="true">G</emphasis>
holotype
<named-content id="B4EB315ADBFDB34DFC2CF465BE819B04" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1903.7. 1.1717 / 1 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima
<emphasis id="C1000DB6CA9E63FEE656A0CE4B5BEB94" bold="true">H</emphasis>
specimen
<named-content id="22128A69F8B058332520B9495A5FCDDC" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1988147 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, west of Kyengdwen River, Burma and
<emphasis id="A9D026402E8303FBDFDB3FA870F8AC84" bold="true">I</emphasis>
paratypes
<named-content id="6A04F3471F857B74A420BAC5DFC428A6" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1903.7. 1.1717 / 24 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EIUDK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7BB93620AFEBA512498942B5CAC657A5">
<heading id="73ACED15CD32C7FE1CD76435C718083E" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="47B563F7805CB0094E35D5EB92EB548A">Shell elongate, turreted, and regularly attenuated; apex rounded; subsequent whorls nearly smooth and with coarse radial ridges near suture. Suture impressed and whorls flattened convex. Aperture broadly ovate; columella strong, concave, and truncated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENUDK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="53F38CAC7A43F16060C385DBF932C347">
<heading id="8090089781300355CCE43B0773C171CD" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="893430D998481AE2BB81016CEBB61DE0">
The species is currently known from its type locality, in which the modern name is Akauk Taung [hill, ~
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EWUDK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[95.113472,18.509361]}">
<geoCoordinate id="13DA0D85116E4535A0C735CFF7B0C703" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="33.7" value="18.509361">18 ° 30 ' 33.7 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2355BC39DA6D8FF923BB208FACE807AA" degrees="95" direction="east" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="48.5" value="95.11347">95 ° 06 ' 48.5 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
], south of Htone Bo (or Tonbo) Village, Padaung Township, Pyay District,
<collectingRegion id="72F7C45756C6DC75B78646D8D0CB1776" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Bago Region</collectingRegion>
].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2UDK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="4ABF5E6E1DC1747A442362F29738C06C">
<heading id="F597557ED5081F394FBB68FCDEB005B5" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B381F171C70869D23CCD62272F10B5E">
The original description did not include an illustration, and only one set of measurements was given. Godwin-Austens description was based on one lot of specimens which clearly stated Type No. 2207.06. 1.1
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0EBVDK" xlink_title="used in old labels for the British Museum">
<collectionCode id="D3D497FF3A77E854DCF7B6066125D219">B</collectionCode>
. M
</abbrev>
. (
<named-content id="14E8B08A0183AA222A31D159C2B66530" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="1D8D124A75AECB7CCBA141EDF9D9D8F1" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1906.1. 1.2207). There are
<specimenCount id="367652B461C5305DA61ABCCEF9E19D6E" count="6" type="generic">six specimens</specimenCount>
from the
<named-content id="DF2B95271EBF16929F21DCDF0C609EF8" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="4E56FA77395C2C614F8C51DF885FE92B" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
type collection with the original label stating Type. The specimen that has a similar shell measurements as given in the original description and with pink wool inside the shell is figured herein (Fig.
<figureCitation id="ABFD575BFCDEFC4C068CD313A53913CA" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. A C Rishetia akouktoungensis, syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2207 from Akouktoung, Pegu D Rishetia baculina, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.9 from Kursiong, Darjiling E, F Rishetia basseinensis, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.19 from Bassein G I Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli G holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 1 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima H specimen NHMUK 1988147 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, west of Kyengdwen River, Burma and I paratypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 24 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104511">13 A</figureCitation>
). Other shells from the same
<typeStatus id="D447A6366E606461E9F01EBB3EF71753" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
lot are also illustrated (Fig.
<figureCitation id="BA6C37846728BD3D72CE519C348322E9" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. A C Rishetia akouktoungensis, syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2207 from Akouktoung, Pegu D Rishetia baculina, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.9 from Kursiong, Darjiling E, F Rishetia basseinensis, syntypes NHMUK 1909.3. 15.19 from Bassein G I Rishetia burrailensis maxwelli G holotype NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 1 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima H specimen NHMUK 1988147 from Somra Tracts, Somra Khulen Post, west of Kyengdwen River, Burma and I paratypes NHMUK 1903.7. 1.1717 / 24 from Naga Hills, East of Kohima." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104511">13 B, C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
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<mods:title id="F50449A870815859F0009928662BE0A2">Contributions on a small collection of the former Subulinidae Fischer &amp; Crosse, 1877 (Eupulmonata, Achatinoidea) with catalogue of the Glessula and Rishetia species recorded from Myanmar</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BCF2BC4A304358BF4624E4B493669F5C">Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="30BC4CA667E8547109B81CBD2DF359B6" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4431-2458</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="C32C807BA145C7B22312D000D0F9B106">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand &amp; Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="F476D5A696EC5378B44B3460859EFC4C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13137142" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13137142" ID-arpha="F476D5A6-96EC-5378-B44B-3460859EFC4C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F476D5A696EC5378B44B3460859EFC4C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F476D5A696EC5378B44B3460859EFC4C">
<subSubSection id="2A4931AC7142D5706EADE5FCF4CB672F" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="286C1817B0B8D72E050D5DC9C3E5F041">
<heading id="E3781DA93D447A9A3C163B516DFBA762" reason="label">25</heading>
<taxonomicName id="37F7439BC09042DD28C65077EFD31353" authority="(von Martens, 1860)" baseAuthorityName="von Martens" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="turricula">
<emphasis id="380002D64F06F96F34FC549A324A4075" italics="true">Paropeas turricula</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C08DB45321DEC03874F1FCEB05763AB6" author="von Martens E" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pagination="6-18" refId="B114" refString="von Martens E (1860) On the Mollusca of Siam. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 28: 6 - 18. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 12866504" title="On the Mollusca of Siam." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12866504" volume="28" year="1860">von Martens, 1860</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AA1BCF4852E1BC556941E881A7FE3311" type="description">
<paragraph id="7B14A4E224D34F4A16668E1BF148880D">
<figureCitation id="3CB368CE44C1B33D682246DA96CB0F14" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. A C Opeas filiforme A lectotype SMF 227532 from Gulf von Siam: Samui-Inseln B, C specimen CUMZ 13074 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar D Paropeas swettenhami, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38930 from Malacca E Paropeas tchehelense, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38932 from Pérak, Mont Tchéhèl F Paropeas terebralis, syntype NHMUK 1888.12. 4.1081 from Shan States, Burma G, H Paropeas turricula G syntypes NHMUK 1859.8. 1.10 from Siam and H specimen CUMZ 13076 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar I L Paropeas walkeri I syntypes UMZC I. 103115. A from Andaman Island (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 56 e) J specimen NHMUK 1885.2. 18.1318 from Viper Id. Andamans K specimen CUMZ 13077 from Taunggyi Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture and L specimen CUMZ 13078 from Kalaw Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture. Photographs: V Gojšina &amp; B Páll-Gergely (A), P Bourguignon (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104510">Fig. 12 G, H</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="7199CAC833B7A49EFA021450C44E4581" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Shell measurements of subulinid species examined in this study. SH: shell height; SW: shell width. The localities numbers are indicated in Fig. 1." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B099E9B05D409B67DECF1570A3A8359F" tableUuid="B099E9B05D409B67DECF1570A3A8359F">Table 1</tableCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="444DA4B938159F89E036572AFE656CD9" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8FE570F832355170BC6E49610669255D">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="036ADEC2131ABCD668309331F7067CCB">
<treatmentCitation id="A0074DC5181F18206C27909545CD8646" author="von Martens E" page="9" year="1860">
<taxonomicName id="7F16403822E5A93DE57CE33B24F9803B" ID-CoL="BHK6M" authority="von Martens, 1860: 9" authorityName="von Martens" authorityPageNumber="9" authorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="turricula">
<emphasis id="8857B4DFE5781D56D5615EF88AB345A2" italics="true">Stenogyra turricula</emphasis>
<comment id="34A6E47375AD29EC104E13A684760A8A">
<bibRefCitation id="3A395F2C82FDFFFC5DD3CE784F8BB34A" author="von Martens E" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pagination="6-18" refId="B114" refString="von Martens E (1860) On the Mollusca of Siam. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 28: 6 - 18. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 12866504" title="On the Mollusca of Siam." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12866504" volume="28" year="1860">von Martens, 1860: 9</bibRefCitation>
. Type locality:
<collectingCountry id="91B3CC2CF0134ED6FDE3EFC82AA5340D" name="Thailand">Siam</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingCountry id="A07A72767953977A04AC71DA4139A0CC" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
]. von Martens 1867: 82, 83, pl. 22, fig. 7.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5EF4BA7075C01D03091F34F13406E891">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="FD84BF5B79B8BE747D187E8EC2CE1B8E">
<taxonomicName id="F5999FFB5187BF3EF3E8B51672E457EA" ID-CoL="7SMDW" baseAuthorityName="von Martens" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="turricula">
<emphasis id="42C5ED5F6D1011EC0F389A35EAB51A6A" italics="true">Paropeas turricula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="D1B6013EA20C98C83A67557603FFE803">
<treatmentCitation id="096DEC0E8D585B4E824EE95E7C5BCBDE" author="Naggs F" page="188" year="1994">
<bibRefCitation id="786D2C223C4B3138E4B726089AC26C31" DOI="10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" author="Naggs F" firstAuthor="Naggs" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Molluscan Studies" page="188" pagination="175-191" refId="B65" refString="Naggs F (1994) The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae). The Journal of Molluscan Studies 60 (2): 175191. https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" title="The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae)." volume="60" year="1994">Naggs 1994: 188</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="FD4C630668C0F5EB8D6BD574FF103F73" author="Maassen WJM" page="81" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="087994DABD8DB5D1BCDD235BA522C249" author="Maassen WJM" firstAuthor="Maassen" journalOrPublisher="De Kreukel" page="81" pagination="1-155" refId="B57" refString="Maassen WJM (2001) A preliminary checklist of the non-marine molluscs of West Malaysia. De Kreukel 2001: 1155." title="A preliminary checklist of the non-marine molluscs of West Malaysia." volume="2001" year="2001">Maassen 2001: 81</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B6255EE6ED7AE4F857729E5E355B2C2">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="34C99DAEB0974E00D5B1ADB39C1213A6">
<taxonomicName id="A7528143DBD701B138E7E1737D27D85A" baseAuthorityName="E.von Martens" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Prosopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="turricul">
<emphasis id="86FDB2036375695171C6D4940BE41BFF" italics="true">Prosopeas turricul</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="FA25714CC0C62226FAE962A6AA7C76EA">
a —
<treatmentCitation id="7FBEE31C3C8FDE87335D18ACF92CFCE4" author="Pilsbry HA" page="30" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="D924526B53A3CD8AB7A14B1388993E30" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" page="30" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906: 30</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 31, pl. 3, figs 95, 96.
<treatmentCitation id="02145A06A552A343A35DB1B516CDE1AD" author="Inkhavilay K &amp; Sutcharit C &amp; Bantaowong U &amp; Chanabun R &amp; Siriwut W &amp; Srisonchai R &amp; Pholyotha A &amp; Jirapatrasilp P &amp; Panha S" page="52" year="2019">
<bibRefCitation id="B607C363126C23D65C675C3CAF978133" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" author="Inkhavilay K &amp; Sutcharit C &amp; Bantaowong U &amp; Chanabun R &amp; Siriwut W &amp; Srisonchai R &amp; Pholyotha A &amp; Jirapatrasilp P &amp; Panha S" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Inkhavilay" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" page="52" pagination="1-166" refId="B47" refString="Inkhavilay K, Sutcharit C, Bantaowong U, Chanabun R, Siriwut W, Srisonchai R, Pholyotha A, Jirapatrasilp P, Panha S (2019) Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 834: 1166. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" title="Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda)." volume="834" year="2019">Inkhavilay et al. 2019: 52</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2WCK" type="Type specimens">
<paragraph id="0B4997F1515A93758ACD2D2C101F8F22">
<heading id="E10D8A33B846C78DD0513FB5AD54866D" reason="title">Type specimens.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="638B530D7FEE8366BC923209075DEA7C">
<emphasis id="9BABC70BFFD10A279C4DA6D303F948CA" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="FFD804E6E7480C6EFDF16D5406DA5613" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<named-content id="6084D6CA6E446A537BB89BE0E69C9335" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="A3B9BA87C46D54957924DE193D8E0FEB" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1859.8. 1.10 (3 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="3A355C71B5F35305DCD1D88C10CECD82" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. A C Opeas filiforme A lectotype SMF 227532 from Gulf von Siam: Samui-Inseln B, C specimen CUMZ 13074 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar D Paropeas swettenhami, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38930 from Malacca E Paropeas tchehelense, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38932 from Pérak, Mont Tchéhèl F Paropeas terebralis, syntype NHMUK 1888.12. 4.1081 from Shan States, Burma G, H Paropeas turricula G syntypes NHMUK 1859.8. 1.10 from Siam and H specimen CUMZ 13076 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar I L Paropeas walkeri I syntypes UMZC I. 103115. A from Andaman Island (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 56 e) J specimen NHMUK 1885.2. 18.1318 from Viper Id. Andamans K specimen CUMZ 13077 from Taunggyi Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture and L specimen CUMZ 13078 from Kalaw Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture. Photographs: V Gojšina &amp; B Páll-Gergely (A), P Bourguignon (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104510">12 G</figureCitation>
) from
<collectingCountry id="CFED474AB1AC55B2E6B331F269CA9558" name="Thailand">Siam</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EPXCK" type="material">
<paragraph id="10921AE2375B83067FBA3ECB646986CD">
<heading id="15DDA82EB8840DDB1D4156DF392F3EFD" reason="title">Other material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8E0058287CE078C1EBBA55DB5B728BF1">
Phra (Buddha) Cave,
<collectingRegion id="2684A4437FE4C51F90055B0629C7E0F1" country="Myanmar" name="Taninthayi">Tanintharyi Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="77A71D2EFD275026DADEF5FFD2594E73" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EYXCK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[99.178556,11.233750]}">
<geoCoordinate id="85507D6843040D1A0BD721A64DF71F3C" degrees="11" direction="north" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="01.5" value="11.23375">11 ° 14 ' 01.5 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="8F9CD0D1B5662C4C180F3FDC4B564664" degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="42.8" value="99.17855">99 ° 10 ' 42.8 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
):
<named-content id="E94AA734A33873B37E1723F248F3B2A8" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">
<collectionCode id="6D55DB20915E9676DD7E6D01E069A88C" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/da58-p0xp" name="Cameroon University, Museum of Zoology" type="">CUMZ</collectionCode>
</named-content>
13075 (1 shell). The limestone karsts located close to Lampane Village,
<collectingRegion id="E3B417E42D21E6102E9C3E26CB49608D" country="Myanmar" name="Taninthayi">Tanintharyi Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="DAC4219DE06622D2CA8E454A3CCFAC4B" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EFYCK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[99.225028,11.671694]}">
<geoCoordinate id="77AEABBDC30716C49E48E613D356FDB5" degrees="11" direction="north" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="18.1" value="11.671695">11 ° 40 ' 18.1 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="4A565DC45B3E6C8B37FE9E59BC0D6BE6" degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="30.1" value="99.22503">99 ° 13 ' 30.1 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
):
<named-content id="0A156C974BF987F810188D84774226EF" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">
<collectionCode id="D0D980099458DE9FF1E401F5369413BC" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/da58-p0xp" name="Cameroon University, Museum of Zoology" type="">CUMZ</collectionCode>
</named-content>
13076 (2 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="0729BAFF32F3199A9702448650DF618D" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. A C Opeas filiforme A lectotype SMF 227532 from Gulf von Siam: Samui-Inseln B, C specimen CUMZ 13074 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar D Paropeas swettenhami, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38930 from Malacca E Paropeas tchehelense, syntype MNHN - IM- 2000-38932 from Pérak, Mont Tchéhèl F Paropeas terebralis, syntype NHMUK 1888.12. 4.1081 from Shan States, Burma G, H Paropeas turricula G syntypes NHMUK 1859.8. 1.10 from Siam and H specimen CUMZ 13076 from Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar I L Paropeas walkeri I syntypes UMZC I. 103115. A from Andaman Island (after Preece et al. 2022: fig. 56 e) J specimen NHMUK 1885.2. 18.1318 from Viper Id. Andamans K specimen CUMZ 13077 from Taunggyi Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture and L specimen CUMZ 13078 from Kalaw Township, Shan State, Myanmar with embryonic whorls and aperture. Photographs: V Gojšina &amp; B Páll-Gergely (A), P Bourguignon (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104510">12 H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ETYCK" type="description">
<paragraph id="658209A57C4673CDDEF0CFC940460F84">
<heading id="CD1C77C77B53DBDDD4F4F87EE533AD61" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="33EA7C5AC2342467CBB7513B3991CAB9">Shell slender, conical, translucent, whitish colour, and with 88 ½ whorls. Apex rounded; protoconch ~ 2 whorls, turreted and with nearly smooth to fine radial striations; subsequent whorls with dense and fine radial striations. Spire high, turreted, gradually, and cylindrically tapering; whorls flatly convex, last three whorls nearly equal; suture deep. Aperture narrowly ovate and elongate; peristome thin; columella truncated and concave; columellar margin slightly expanded. Umbilicus narrowly opened to closed.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EYYCK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B5B9BB9F10A55ACB48191F7A88F736A">
<heading id="C5B559A2C938F9E0FCD35391423FA14A" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="628CC0A8F483C63620E5A438942408C7">
This species was first described in
<collectingCountry id="4C34BA486CD2E3439F8F52D9DB5D2165" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, then subsequently recorded in
<collectingCountry id="6E74330842E8100E17F2DC3E460D3962" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="24879325AA01C8B9A828E2D3C598B09A" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1B0BD36A1B594DC96A3746D384EEF9F1" DOI="10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" author="Naggs" firstAuthor="Naggs" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Molluscan Studies" pagination="175-191" refId="B65" refString="Naggs F (1994) The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae). The Journal of Molluscan Studies 60 (2): 175191. https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" title="The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae)." volume="60" year="1994">Naggs 1994</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="11AED53C606E728F29313F5AB9AB06E0" author="Maassen" firstAuthor="Maassen" journalOrPublisher="De Kreukel" pagination="1-155" refId="B57" refString="Maassen WJM (2001) A preliminary checklist of the non-marine molluscs of West Malaysia. De Kreukel 2001: 1155." title="A preliminary checklist of the non-marine molluscs of West Malaysia." volume="2001" year="2001">Maassen 2001</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="A533C4698BE6CF1F4AD45241E8CC1FEC" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" author="Inkhavilay" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Inkhavilay" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="1-166" refId="B47" refString="Inkhavilay K, Sutcharit C, Bantaowong U, Chanabun R, Siriwut W, Srisonchai R, Pholyotha A, Jirapatrasilp P, Panha S (2019) Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 834: 1166. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" title="Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda)." volume="834" year="2019">Inkhavilay et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
), and is here reported from the
<collectingRegion id="C3BB6D71038458337513E6D1CA8D0F0C" country="Myanmar" name="Taninthayi">Tanintharyi Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="D19698A79D583CFD632B925A290C6659" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EKZCK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="0CA634CA47C08F8E3051B44632A92BD4">
<heading id="C3B53F5E31A753ACB6D1D22F5B9D4B60" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="19B07FA15FC29F5B138706703B4DB499">
<taxonomicName id="EB0392DADA4E1E44214D5BFBD5A89A9B" baseAuthorityName="von Martens" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="turricula">
<emphasis id="844B0321C43B5593E570C20464993CFC" italics="true">Paropeas turricula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be differentiated from
<taxonomicName id="F057FAA344D074A1A6BFB889932A689D" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Prosopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tchehelense">
<emphasis id="DF40199929FF1F42D36D0192028C2D8F" italics="true">P. tchehelense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its slender shell, cylindrically turreted spire, and finer striations, while
<taxonomicName id="304C152B61F8EE59E1AFC8D77AE05E65" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Prosopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tchehelense">
<emphasis id="9C7CCEABC37DC1E420DA55519EE4A645" italics="true">P. tchehelense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a broader and larger shell, a more rounded and broader spire, and stronger radial striations. This species can also be separated from
<taxonomicName id="C4F52121F4E0A14E6B0C5CA2033E9A3E" baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="terebralis">
<emphasis id="1122CEA5D52CC24F0F626CBF2EE5F075" italics="true">P. terebralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingRegion id="E0A95F74E0D5C88F5419AA833B824402" country="Myanmar" name="Shan">Shan State</collectingRegion>
by having finer sculpture, flatly convex whorls, shallower suture, and embryonic whorls that are more turreted with nearly smooth to weaker striations, whereas
<taxonomicName id="41DA4A33569643A8BFB803253255A940" baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="terebralis">
<emphasis id="5FF0666A133AE60FE22CF6C3674BBA38" italics="true">P. terebralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
displays a more elongated shell, thicker sculptures, more convex whorls, deeper suture, and embryonic whorls more rounded with stronger striations.
<taxonomicName id="6C88B03C2F70F2AF84F6A8184800C8B4" baseAuthorityName="de Morgan" baseAuthorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="swettenhami">
<emphasis id="6BD55E42584E545695B42F8F89EFBFF6" italics="true">Paropeas swettenhami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a larger shell, stronger striations, and wider and more deeply concave columella.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,347 @@
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<mods:title id="282560AB9FCC11F370E0470A5261C1B0">Contributions on a small collection of the former Subulinidae Fischer &amp; Crosse, 1877 (Eupulmonata, Achatinoidea) with catalogue of the Glessula and Rishetia species recorded from Myanmar</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1432069DE012E13D35BAD44D145CE7C3">Man, Nem Sian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3E7F9F72D9728F98A1C6B7B2EDF436CD">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand &amp; Department of Zoology, University of Yangon, University Avenue Road, Kamayut Township 11041, Yangon, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="A3D7DF8AA182A95E03E5D25C145229C1">Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="34161F83302172CB58E8694F4F8A7576" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="5D405D1C939B5969CDE5B455BAACD658">
<heading id="D1D79DBE8AB069682FFF2887E1F87683" reason="label">35</heading>
<taxonomicName id="27C9FDA1FF8183540EF872FB053C06CE" authority="(Blanford, 1865)" authorityName="Man &amp; Ablett &amp; Lwin &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="pertenuis" status="comb. nov." subSpecies="pertenuis">
<emphasis id="28847E80A3582269F6ED1E540832F5A3" italics="true">Rishetia pertenuis pertenuis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="BBAAF5348A2728C11AA67CF94C53430E" author="Blanford WT" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66 - 105. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford, 1865</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="668AB5EC11E08BD0EE10E11B9CF39CFC" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3FD5DE60B8301C2EDE1901FC4B97102F">
<figureCitation id="9DD41E12B491B08F774C247EA4677AD2" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. A E Rishetia pertenuis A, B possible syntypes NHMUK 1906.2. 2.239 from Henzada, Pegu and Tongoop, Arakan C specimen NHMUK from Tongoop, Arakan and D, E specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.122931 from Pegu F, G Rishetia pertenuis major, possible syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2208 from Pyema Khyoung, Bassein H Rishetia tenuispira, specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3332 from Garo Hills." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104513">Fig. 15 A E</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="39E576408BF243DBE5D0806F5EF4D189">
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<treatmentCitation id="C700AA4F406B535D2E63D0E2A7CBDA06" author="Blanford WT" page="79" year="1865">
<taxonomicName id="C672543B34476F73FBC6B20FA897F0C9" ID-CoL="7PSK8" authority="Blanford, 1865: 79" authorityName="', Blanford" authorityPageNumber="79" authorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pertenuis">
<emphasis id="B68DC9682AF8F0ABBFBF709947375470" italics="true">Achatina pertenuis</emphasis>
<comment id="79515A1B2A314028CA447DD201362C02">
<bibRefCitation id="F7F794BF70B667BBC45A0A6F46CE600F" author="Blanford WT" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66 - 105. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford, 1865: 79</bibRefCitation>
. Type locality: Tongoop,
<collectingRegion id="3A7CDE67DC48468966922723282D634E" country="Myanmar" name="Rakhine">Arakan</collectingRegion>
[Taungup Township,
<collectingRegion id="0510FB65C19DFC221D0DBD64E71A3F92" country="Myanmar" name="Rakhine">Rakhine State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="925379F9B269DE485C809D96A9FB578E" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
].
<treatmentCitation id="198D907BAFAE96105C9E187D15EFA19F" author="Pfeiffer L" page="237" year="1868">
<bibRefCitation id="4536FF427C3500207FA3EAD6188C17CD" author="Pfeiffer L" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" page="237" refId="B80" refString="Pfeiffer L (1868) Monographia Heliceorum Viventium: sistens descriptiones systematicas et criticas omnium huius familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum. Volumen Sextum. Lipsiae: F. A. Brockhaus, 598 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/46666" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/46666" year="1868">Pfeiffer 1868: 237</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D73EE8E1ABAAE39E897D50F26735657">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BCCA5A86264A12F0E6CCFD8D58795389">
<taxonomicName id="BED9D4E44D4AC09292B6183E0EDC828E" ID-CoL="7PSK8" authorityName="', Blanford" authorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pertenuis" subGenus="Electra">
<emphasis id="266504341EAAB8F75B4A0BFCF5BB072D" italics="true">Achatina</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="AAA25BCDD522CD571E225F5E9F16116D" italics="true">Electra</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="91410E3E6A2080037D14B6713F660B47" italics="true">pertenuis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="C4CB4929CB709704A610097D29163EB2">
<treatmentCitation id="71A5689BFA64CA63E3DC8ADC072CC67F" author="Hanley SCT &amp; Theobald W (1870" page="9" year="1870">
<bibRefCitation id="A302EB69867408757473F08A985C4DF3" author="Hanley SCT &amp; Theobald W (1870" firstAuthor="Hanley" page="9" refId="B43" refString="Hanley SCT, Theobald W (1870 (1870); pp 1928, pls 4160 (1872); pp 2934, pls 6180 (1873). pp 3548, pls 81120 (1874); pp 4956, pls 121140 (1875); pp 5765, pls 141160 (1876)] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50391" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50391" year="1870">Hanley and Theobald 1870: 9</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 18, fig. 5.
</comment>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BFE1DA94798254B0738E858FAF643090">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CF120CCC05DBA74525A7E80EE9C1A6D9">
<taxonomicName id="7D64F29D7B13CC6A4666B86AD016CA29" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pertenuis" subGenus="Glessula">
<emphasis id="9AB5B1C6A16F335E8345C9E49FBA7B65" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="92C5A42DEEADD7366E2CF8679A1FE5FB" italics="true">Glessula</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="DE5BFC53EE518DCE93A2ADE69693E728" italics="true">pertenuis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="7419BB403F3306A57C6CF6B90FAE213B">
<treatmentCitation id="707C8AECDFCF7100A76EBA8F7605EC9C" author="Nevill G" page="169" year="1878">
<bibRefCitation id="1A3D9ED3712B5450BFFB7930364FB729" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11957" author="Nevill G" firstAuthor="Nevill" journalOrPublisher="Indian Museum, Calcutta" page="169" refId="B69" refString="Nevill G (1878) Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda. Indian Museum, Calcutta, 338 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11957" title="Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda." year="1878">Nevill 1878: 169</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A4A5AC3463071EA4E9B32C72A96FF579">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F45E4B6ECEE7D295B0A84FCF3A131B3C">
<taxonomicName id="77AD5A737A8FD9C7F0F4D1A711FAD225" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pertenuis" subGenus="Subulina">
<emphasis id="27A57D4C6F8822C8C2F091367E3DE440" italics="true">Stenogyra</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="FB06458354685F1FCA030CB350DFCFDE" italics="true">Subulina</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="6AE741F9E27228B86860E527CDD410C4" italics="true">pertenuis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="9A09CC12B479CE336F7FE01847932A0A">
<treatmentCitation id="3B66D8B83BE66051BDD4EB37F2C5DCCA" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" page="327" year="1881">
<bibRefCitation id="B3720226D2873B11A678E815C205C040" author="Pfeiffer L &amp; Clessin S" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" journalOrPublisher="Kassel, Fischer" page="327" refId="B82" refString="Pfeiffer L, Clessin S (1881) Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali. Kassel, Fischer, 617 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" title="Nomenclator Heliceorum Viventium: quo continetur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, disposita ex affinitate naturali." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47266" year="1881">Pfeiffer and Clessin 1881: 327</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="46F8E52180ECFD8D97417F69CBFE2B8B">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="2C0ED7878E0B8055F59EAD5C96A4BF45">
<taxonomicName id="8D8A2E064A4D80D62552016A6A68D38A" ID-CoL="7RFKX" baseAuthorityName="W. T. Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pertenuis">
<emphasis id="7D4B9FD4E1D812EF024031F8CC583738" italics="true">Glessula pertenuis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="B1A0F8FD292408ECD232DBEBF1C5F6F4">
<treatmentCitation id="096BB36C1A12CABB9AEC80680C9A8046" author="Beddome CR" page="160" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="57B6750F246635EA6D63E8768C26146B" DOI="10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" author="Beddome CR" firstAuthor="Beddome" page="160" refId="B8" refString="Beddome CR (1906) Notes on Indian and Ceylonese species of Glessula. The Journal of Molluscan Studies 6 (3): 160172. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.mollus.a066160" year="1906">Beddome 1906: 160</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="AC409FF439EBED03CE6DBA4E31A99AC7" author="Gude GK" page="380" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="73250A75A92684A57B4E16F7475E0B54" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="380" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 380</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="47AA57EF86885FED1D3B5DE1D736CD09" author="Godwin-Austen HH" page="52 - 54" year="1920">
<bibRefCitation id="88747211DA7F9EF8A06440BEDA9EE648" author="Godwin-Austen HH" firstAuthor="Godwin-Austen" page="52 - 54" refId="B39" refString="Godwin-Austen HH (1920) Land and freshwater Mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanleys Conchologia Indica. London, Taylor &amp; Francis, Volume 3, 165. [pls 159165] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57585" year="1920">Godwin-Austen 1920: 5254</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pls 164, fig. 11, pl. 159, figs 1, 2.
<treatmentCitation id="C8D3B873B15C3F19D2172E7DF39FCD61" author="Ramakrishna &amp; Mitra SC &amp; Dey A" page="170" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation id="BD2C627971D1C1F27AD34965CF5DF2DC" author="Ramakrishna &amp; Mitra SC &amp; Dey A" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ramakrishna" page="170" refId="B91" refString="Ramakrishna, Mitra SC, Dey A (2010) Annotated checklist of Indian land molluscs. Occasional paper no. 306. Zoological Survey of India, 359 pp." year="2010">Ramakrishna et al. 2010: 170</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE80B093BBB87C58C514C34C10BD6B8E">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="68A7BF52EB19A87AD41AACB4BD656B31">
<treatmentCitation id="E6A1385C3807144EE8F7D54DEF1120B0">
<taxonomicName id="285A73CA61446CFB81029AE0669598DF" ID-CoL="7RFKX" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Glessula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="tenuispira" variety="pertenuis">
<emphasis id="C7C8A6427CA9147EC993C99CD1BBADA2" italics="true">Glessula tenuispira var. pertenuis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
— Pilsbry 1909: 89, 90, pl. 9, fig. 3.
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EAOFK" type="Type specimen">
<paragraph id="C7BAEAA4671CBFE204E5AF9CED097E60">
<heading id="C3B52C54AE31E78CEF40728B11AD9D7A" reason="title">Type specimen.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BB59A8EFF9715F04EF62599085FB01EC">
<materialsCitation id="FF83A4C5A5D0A05319BF8F4C9E4D2F3A" collectionCode="NHMUK" location="Pegu and Tongoop" specimenCode="1906.2. 2.239" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arakan" typeStatus="syntype">
<emphasis id="CBC6BDD63327119EE1BA0CF3E4D20E56" bold="true" italics="true">
Possible
<typeStatus id="88D774DE99965CF596A341FB0AD9B67B" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<named-content id="1C891F9942A0212D2B9A4F1D394890D7" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="555904FBDDDF88BF63CE8D5BF4153381" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
<specimenCode id="59D0440F4AC6F29BE61F46A260ADD99C">1906.2. 2.239</specimenCode>
(7 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="0F61A70EAA971194A5BDD05AE58984C9" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. A E Rishetia pertenuis A, B possible syntypes NHMUK 1906.2. 2.239 from Henzada, Pegu and Tongoop, Arakan C specimen NHMUK from Tongoop, Arakan and D, E specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.122931 from Pegu F, G Rishetia pertenuis major, possible syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2208 from Pyema Khyoung, Bassein H Rishetia tenuispira, specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3332 from Garo Hills." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104513">15 A, B</figureCitation>
) ex. Blanford collection from Henzada,
<location id="AFCD3DDB5233F9F2035BDD8EA51C6B7A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FC8C1BBF56125CE2A97BF3D1B1A13513:AFCD3DDB5233F9F2035BDD8EA51C6B7A" name="Pegu and Tongoop" stateProvince="Arakan">Pegu and Tongoop</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="0F0622F25E8FC0E2767601545CE621E6" country="Myanmar" name="Rakhine">Arakan</collectingRegion>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EUOFK" type="material">
<paragraph id="54B83CB48242618E7EB5A6B8FB5902FB">
<heading id="4F1C0B8BF7CED1437F13CA7B5C922E9C" reason="title">Other material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D7CFA602B4909A1DDFB31BCB1279575">
<named-content id="E6F36064F652F871B639D99AA361377A" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="5D0EDAF30EE2781534BAC10973B085C6" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1888.12. 4.122931 (3 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="E87CFC29E1500E1C14A1667498197ACB" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. A E Rishetia pertenuis A, B possible syntypes NHMUK 1906.2. 2.239 from Henzada, Pegu and Tongoop, Arakan C specimen NHMUK from Tongoop, Arakan and D, E specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.122931 from Pegu F, G Rishetia pertenuis major, possible syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2208 from Pyema Khyoung, Bassein H Rishetia tenuispira, specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3332 from Garo Hills." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104513">15 D, E</figureCitation>
) from
<collectingRegion id="1020D1CD19A05E7DBC545FF620478971" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
.
<named-content id="7A806749A1B77CEF2D369E549E2E6CC4" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="8C3013374FF8C543EB4FCD6B32B42D8F" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
20230921 (5 shells) from Tongoop,
<collectingRegion id="2D3F6A19110CCF5DA445D52531B7FCB7" country="Myanmar" name="Rakhine">Arakan</collectingRegion>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="88CB2E20F2FEF0E2B015FAD31439405C" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. A E Rishetia pertenuis A, B possible syntypes NHMUK 1906.2. 2.239 from Henzada, Pegu and Tongoop, Arakan C specimen NHMUK from Tongoop, Arakan and D, E specimen NHMUK 1888.12. 4.122931 from Pegu F, G Rishetia pertenuis major, possible syntypes NHMUK 1906.1. 1.2208 from Pyema Khyoung, Bassein H Rishetia tenuispira, specimen NHMUK 1903.7. 1.3332 from Garo Hills." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104513">15 C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="1E6B52521FF85FC064A88EF81A807CFA" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure15" ID-arpha="DDD90D01-2B95-5AA0-8868-F4C9EB7C6723" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104513" startId="F15">
<paragraph id="FE26A2ECE727C5FCD59D6EA5B6DD9B11">
<label id="0B9B0826CC9C3A51DF48856747EEF377">Figure 15.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ECA8FCB1C364864B67AFBAF0135ABF7A">
<emphasis id="5FC819B560D7A42219E768C444183BB0" bold="true">A E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="30045C56772D2180DAFC562899322887" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pertenuis">
<emphasis id="8A4867687029FD9F06FDA9932B541897" italics="true">Rishetia pertenuis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="E56AE260132D6455B8C5656239ECBF88" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
possible syntypes
<named-content id="60FE3309CFD7260495A9D96409A6495A" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1906.2. 2.239 from Henzada, Pegu and Tongoop, Arakan
<emphasis id="04240956558AE8F38D1CD2334DB9F20B" bold="true">C</emphasis>
specimen
<named-content id="4F7A213362068A1CB8ADE04B1665F6F2" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
from Tongoop, Arakan and
<emphasis id="3D2B61245FD07867FF5F065456FDABA9" bold="true">D, E</emphasis>
specimen
<named-content id="8F3E56C6BBE4C8975AD3C01AC1748F37" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1888.12. 4.122931 from Pegu
<emphasis id="4D79AC95AE8C765FCD7A20C685D54B84" bold="true">F, G</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="65FD874AB3EAD20563BC2ECB7A398FA7" authorityName="Man &amp; Ablett &amp; Lwin &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="pertenuis" subSpecies="major">
<emphasis id="10972872B291167BB25EE8BEACD8ECB3" italics="true">Rishetia pertenuis major</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, possible syntypes
<named-content id="FD22814A9208372819594F0BD9F10B69" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1906.1. 1.2208 from Pyema Khyoung, Bassein
<emphasis id="7DEB9535156B857631FF5C851DE3A4FC" bold="true">H</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BC89E1E5FCF1AEA36EC25483DB1D4333" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Rishetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tenuispira">
<emphasis id="BF0295AE5EB7D70C5A4BB84918CC0FD6" italics="true">Rishetia tenuispira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, specimen
<named-content id="0AE9AF1EC37B14C7C1E217134B607863" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1903.7. 1.3332 from Garo Hills.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDSFK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="DEFF2DCAAF0AF97C5F50AC9A7299F933">
<heading id="0E68618D4CFB9F93E0E119741FDE9203" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="720C44A162A05B8ECBBD103B03F7A41A">Shell slender, elongate turreted, and rapidly attenuated near apical whorls; apex rounded; subsequent whorls nearly smooth, fine growth lines, and with equally spaced ridges near suture. Suture impressed and whorls slightly convex. Aperture ovate; columella concave and truncated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EISFK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="866CD47CCD3DD50324F8FEC6CE08B90B">
<heading id="8056DA2631CF6F0F544CC97BBAFB7F0A" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA8DBA79C749BC1459D2FB4A1161DB4E">
This species was reported from several places in
<collectingCountry id="D28AAEB0F0F25AB639120085126C7564" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
: Henzada [Hinthada City,
<collectingRegion id="E6F7EF8ABEBBD9F41EF098D2CA67CF42" country="Myanmar" name="Ayeyawady">Ayeyarwady Region</collectingRegion>
], Thayet Myo [Thayet City, Thayet District,
<collectingRegion id="0B6F3E4511035BED581E93D27DC080DA" country="Myanmar" name="Magway">Magway Region</collectingRegion>
],
<collectingRegion id="A0D56A98BBF1E2C62A4F6B8C8DA51586" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Pegu</collectingRegion>
[
<collectingRegion id="A1A1BCFAA72F1A421F217850CC7D28EC" country="Myanmar" name="Bago">Bago Region</collectingRegion>
], and Tongoop,
<collectingRegion id="5BA7948742C5FC949BABAA42ECA02252" country="Myanmar" name="Rakhine">Arakan</collectingRegion>
[Taungup Township, Thandwe District,
<collectingRegion id="BDF2A85F37BAF1E2F1405398CD29B68B" country="Myanmar" name="Rakhine">Rakhine State</collectingRegion>
] (
<bibRefCitation id="CC3BCAA09296A167A40EFA7119AF5B59" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.11957" author="Nevill" firstAuthor="Nevill" journalOrPublisher="Indian Museum, Calcutta" refId="B69" refString="Nevill G (1878) Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda. Indian Museum, Calcutta, 338 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11957" title="Hand list of Mollusca in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Part I. Gastropoda." year="1878">Nevill 1878</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="BEEB56F4644D18597FFC4A91ABF0ED83" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914</bibRefCitation>
). It was also reported from
<collectingRegion id="0D086D1F6ECBCAF646F1C4677212A915" inferredBySuffix="true">Meghalaya State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="DD0089618E1380890F12DAEA486F5E49" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8BF96CCA7FCA28200C02EBC9942A40CF" author="Ramakrishna" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ramakrishna" refId="B91" refString="Ramakrishna, Mitra SC, Dey A (2010) Annotated checklist of Indian land molluscs. Occasional paper no. 306. Zoological Survey of India, 359 pp." year="2010">Ramakrishna et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E1SFK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="2108C37C232FBE43763C75F544E5AF49">
<heading id="9AEE8954ED846F4381940CAC73AF6DB5" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7CAA8686AD9EFC29F02CEE69EC2CF0BC">
The original description does not clearly state how many specimens were available to the author, although only one set of measurements was given. The
<named-content id="614B5491532B3261D96AC044C24F78B9" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="2466A83E02B2F58E84B8BB9DB99CC9CD" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
collection contains a lot of
<specimenCount id="5E23C6361BDFFB7957DB7BA5B3364B3A" count="7" type="generic">seven specimens</specimenCount>
from the Blanford collection with this species name. However, this is a mixed specimen lot of the same species as it consists of two collection localities, Henzada, Pegu and Tongoop, Arakan, where only the latter was mentioned in the original description as the type locality. Therefore, this specimen lot
<named-content id="C2150E6920009CCE1E4DC49A3AD95697" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="9AF5BFE1B749B1C85C59BFB6F90D22EF" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
1906.2. 2.239 is considered as possible
<typeStatus id="37AD36F196BCA4D04FF225828A9BB502" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
, from which
<specimenCount id="E3F8BD8C1F5B3139EA2C089944187CDB" count="2" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
are illustrated herein.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,339 @@
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<mods:title id="EB76E8E099933BF51657150CBFCD25E1">Contributions on a small collection of the former Subulinidae Fischer &amp; Crosse, 1877 (Eupulmonata, Achatinoidea) with catalogue of the Glessula and Rishetia species recorded from Myanmar</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="7285164788970D3D611CCCFFC4BC75E9">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand &amp; Department of Zoology, University of Yangon, University Avenue Road, Kamayut Township 11041, Yangon, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="889A84F8C499AA77FAA3C0A58BF67202">Ablett, Jonathan D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="92B486D7C8FBB36E540FD87C57A65DA5">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand &amp; Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<heading id="100EC2552B65427812D9C15C6ED264ED" reason="label">39</heading>
<taxonomicName id="C139C4168F74F18C7A9C7B6C4492A046" authority="(Ehrenberg, 1831)" baseAuthorityName="Ehrenberg" baseAuthorityYear="1831" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Zootecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="5B93288437DD83683A32BB77E58B7375" italics="true">Zootecus insularis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="72DFA899C4ED5B864F9CEA0E8651BA30" author="Ehrenberg CG" refId="B31" refString="Ehrenberg CG (1831) Animalia evertebrata. Symbolae physicae seu icones et descriptiones naturalium novorum aut minus cognitorum quae ex itineribus Lybiam Aegyptum Nubiam Dongalam Syriam Arabiam et Habessinian. Pars Zoologica. Abhandlungen der deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften. 4: (unpaginated). https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 48517192" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48517192" year="1831">Ehrenberg, 1831</bibRefCitation>
)
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<figureCitation id="5A202650AA031DA3C8895CE0F9C4FA35" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. A C Zootecus insularis A lectotype ZMB 109990 (after Raheem et al. 2014: fig. 74 c) and B, C specimen NHMUK 1875.12. 4.16 from Burma D H Zootecus pullus D lectotype NHMUK 1986252 / 1 and E paralectotype NHMUK 1986252 / 2 from Banks of the Ganges, South Asia and F H specimen CUMZ 13081 from Bagan, Mandalay Region, Myanmar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104515">Fig. 17 A C</figureCitation>
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<paragraph id="211EA908195E244F75F8DD57CA1A5144">
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<taxonomicName id="FA469BA5A4EF2395068C5FCFA347FA5F" ID-CoL="4QJFW" authority="Ehrenberg, 1831: 13" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityPageNumber="13" authorityYear="1831" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Pupa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="insularis">
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Pupa
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insularis
<comment id="F3FF70FD2CC00DBD409AB390EC06D39B">
<bibRefCitation id="06192ADB49FB6DFE57937E43015AB5F0" author="Ehrenberg CG" refId="B31" refString="Ehrenberg CG (1831) Animalia evertebrata. Symbolae physicae seu icones et descriptiones naturalium novorum aut minus cognitorum quae ex itineribus Lybiam Aegyptum Nubiam Dongalam Syriam Arabiam et Habessinian. Pars Zoologica. Abhandlungen der deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften. 4: (unpaginated). https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 48517192" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48517192" year="1831">Ehrenberg, 1831: 13</bibRefCitation>
. Type locality: In insula Cameran, quae prope Maris rubri ostium australe inter Loheiam et Moccham iuxta Arabiae felicis littus sita est [Cameran Island, Red Sea between Loheia and Mocha, near coast of Arabia].
<treatmentCitation id="B37CEF40186E8D5F3896CEEBFA2579EC" author="Pfeiffer L" page="307" year="1848">
<bibRefCitation id="5BF31901BD79ABE8EE33D4FD2BFC8426" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.124010" author="Pfeiffer L" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" page="307" refId="B75" refString="Pfeiffer L (1848) Monographia Heliceorum Viventium: sistens descriptiones systematicas et criticas omnium huius familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum. Volumen Secundum. Lipsiae: F. A. Brockhaus, 594 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.124010" year="1848">Pfeiffer 1848: 307</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="20474FC8487F0525F71910F327775FF7">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="ED7539ABDFDB81063A5C76F8448BC6E5">
<taxonomicName id="A434B3E352079C5AD277AB176563B04E" authorityName="Morelet" authorityYear="1857" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bulimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="F44687927715290B577CD37C35820C0E" italics="true">Bulimus insularis</emphasis>
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<comment id="78ECBBCA8781B77BABA32341005E9470">
<treatmentCitation id="17563D4893C38C1A6C412585C502E8D9" author="Pfeiffer L" page="403" year="1853">
<bibRefCitation id="041E563BE469E9A0688AB52FF73E28BB" author="Pfeiffer L" firstAuthor="Pfeiffer" page="403" refId="B76" refString="Pfeiffer L (1853) Monographia Heliceorum Viventium: sistens descriptiones systematicas et criticas omnium huius familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum. Volumen Tertium. Lipsiae: F. A. Brockhaus, 711 pp. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47349" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47349" year="1853">Pfeiffer 1853: 403</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="9A567941318F82401F0125AC2B5C0183" author="Hanley SCT &amp; Theobald W (1870" page="11" year="1870">
<bibRefCitation id="F1F172CD2EDC195099E5A1F139FF58D1" author="Hanley SCT &amp; Theobald W (1870" firstAuthor="Hanley" page="11" refId="B43" refString="Hanley SCT, Theobald W (1870 (1870); pp 1928, pls 4160 (1872); pp 2934, pls 6180 (1873). pp 3548, pls 81120 (1874); pp 4956, pls 121140 (1875); pp 5765, pls 141160 (1876)] https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50391" url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/50391" year="1870">Hanley and Theobald 1870: 11</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 22, fig. 10.
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<emphasis id="E4566B23A2B8CC15A6DD004765E03177" italics="true">Pupa</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="FFE7895A62834D508E18BE85C282BE2E" italics="true">Cylindrus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="4D660FF04F6898767DF2E43B76F9F8C4" italics="true">insularis</emphasis>
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<comment id="E7C3ADCAE98A4EDEAACA91D60A68C9EB">
<treatmentCitation id="13DE51B03AD5E22A77F0844E89CF628E" author="Nevill G" page="22" year="1877">
<bibRefCitation id="8491430129A0D6E3BB352C10858C0C78" author="Nevill G" firstAuthor="Nevill" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" page="22" pagination="14-41" refId="B68" refString="Nevill G (1877) List of the Mollusca brought back by Dr. J. Anderson from Yunnan and Upper Burma, with descriptions of new species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 46 (2): 1441. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110105" title="List of the Mollusca brought back by Dr. J. Anderson from Yunnan and Upper Burma, with descriptions of new species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110105" volume="46" year="1877">Nevill 1877: 22</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="14FF8F1205F4A9933FD068056194EBA8">
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<taxonomicName id="A39EAEA1524C2AC00ADFB4AF7CA56FA4" baseAuthorityName="Ehrenberg" baseAuthorityYear="1831" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Stenogyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="DCEAA195B7C396CC25F5E93B086F88FC" italics="true">Stenogyra insularis</emphasis>
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<comment id="F23990F8FFDB8493FB7C238A71AE1D1E">
<treatmentCitation id="F85A2E093FA15B5F9A615FDFBC95383D" author="von Martens E" page="106" year="1895">
<bibRefCitation id="D1A2673A68F2DE4EFAE49DBE827C497A" author="von Martens E" firstAuthor="von Martens" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Archiv für Naturgeschichte" page="106" pagination="103-108" refId="B116" refString="von Martens E (1895) Die gattung Cylindrus Fitz. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 61 (1): 103108. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47791" title="Die gattung Cylindrus Fitz." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47791" volume="61" year="1895">von Martens 1895: 106</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 8, figs 5, 6.
</comment>
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="59745CBD152515CEBB662F6F20B62DEF" italics="true">Zootecus insularis</emphasis>
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<comment id="5AC6BB2E20125A8E9130F90CB6AF60EC">
<treatmentCitation id="2B21A218D71AFB26DF97D21224BD0D53" author="Pilsbry HA" page="106 - 108" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="C398F615BD91026AE4F17A9E6D0714E7" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry HA" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" page="106 - 108" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906: 106108</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 26, figs 2125, 2933.
<treatmentCitation id="24B4D3FEF9DA74BB7016DC0401357211" author="Gude GK" page="367" year="1914">
<bibRefCitation id="17A2D95526FE0394251C27184CA06969" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude GK" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" page="367" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914: 367</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 368.
<treatmentCitation id="94F3ADD404EBD2861CD39647BEA0BA5A" author="Schileyko AA" page="519" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="43D38A99D9DC43AAA3B0138F82B21F59" author="Schileyko AA" firstAuthor="Schileyko" page="519" refId="B95" refString="Schileyko AA (1999) Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs Part 4. Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae. Ruthenica (Supplement 2): 437564." year="1999">Schileyko 1999: 519</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 520, fig. 678.
<treatmentCitation id="3E6A970D71C56F4A5C40CCFB4A9E7296" author="Neubert E" page="154" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="383D47984DFADA5DA517CFA092A5FF21" DOI="10.1127/arch.moll/132/2003/153" author="Neubert E" firstAuthor="Neubert" page="154" refId="B66" refString="Neubert E (2003) The continental malacofauna of Arabia and adjacent areas. II. The genus Zootecus Westerlund, 1887. Archiv für Molluskenkunde der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 132 (1 / 2): 153160. https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/132/2003/153" year="2003">Neubert 2003: 154</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 155, figs 1, 2.
<treatmentCitation id="B858709D2626B41B2653263852CD1E71" author="Raheem DC &amp; Taylor H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Preece RC &amp; Aravind NA &amp; Naggs F" page="118" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="8FC2171905502A4FF923076E891939B2" author="Raheem DC &amp; Taylor H &amp; Ablett J &amp; Preece RC &amp; Aravind NA &amp; Naggs F" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Raheem" page="118" refId="B90" refString="Raheem DC, Taylor H, Ablett J, Preece RC, Aravind NA, Naggs F (2014) A systematic revision of the land snails of the Western Ghats of India. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 4): 1294." year="2014">Raheem et al. 2014: 118</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 74 c.
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<heading id="F05BBF5D52E782863CDECD3B26CD1299" reason="title">Type specimen.</heading>
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<paragraph id="D4DCB9D37B9F097EE74369E5B48A31B1">
<materialsCitation id="7E885265BABCF0CEF0293031B28948D0" collectionCode="ZMB" specimenCode="ZMB 109990" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
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<typeStatus id="A2CFF0F98A9895ED39FF7F9017E784CA" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCode id="283E0E4568CBF4304C3DDAC05A91B5C3" collectionCode="ZMB" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" type="Museum">
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109990
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(Fig.
<figureCitation id="EE132EC5E0B620C74694BFF682142033" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. A C Zootecus insularis A lectotype ZMB 109990 (after Raheem et al. 2014: fig. 74 c) and B, C specimen NHMUK 1875.12. 4.16 from Burma D H Zootecus pullus D lectotype NHMUK 1986252 / 1 and E paralectotype NHMUK 1986252 / 2 from Banks of the Ganges, South Asia and F H specimen CUMZ 13081 from Bagan, Mandalay Region, Myanmar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104515">17 A</figureCitation>
, after
<bibRefCitation id="D3C20C471B87F19DC1F9C15CFB54113B" author="Raheem" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Raheem" refId="B90" refString="Raheem DC, Taylor H, Ablett J, Preece RC, Aravind NA, Naggs F (2014) A systematic revision of the land snails of the Western Ghats of India. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 4): 1294." year="2014">Raheem et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 74 c).
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<paragraph id="D007C778ADB7DAC4DACBE90A994C48EC">
<heading id="DB6FE4345BDC77D7E477AD2CE62DC913" reason="title">Other material.</heading>
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<paragraph id="9E1BBA27AE8D565CB8378A90414F76AA">
<named-content id="D00EBD63DE9B2D396C6FBE393A127C92" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="C7FA293844548CBBDE7EC10085AF7093" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
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1875.12. 4.16 (5 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation id="E7800D1273D22825AB7FC80C008B1614" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. A C Zootecus insularis A lectotype ZMB 109990 (after Raheem et al. 2014: fig. 74 c) and B, C specimen NHMUK 1875.12. 4.16 from Burma D H Zootecus pullus D lectotype NHMUK 1986252 / 1 and E paralectotype NHMUK 1986252 / 2 from Banks of the Ganges, South Asia and F H specimen CUMZ 13081 from Bagan, Mandalay Region, Myanmar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104515">17 B, C</figureCitation>
) ex. Beddome collection from
<collectingCountry id="0AA195EED3F708B9B75116D49FE16212" name="Myanmar">Burma</collectingCountry>
. SMF 296651 / 2 (2 shells) ex. Ehrmann collection from
<collectingCountry id="E235E629CEBA3F2D0EDC98CEA7DA7F74" name="Myanmar">Burma</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="F7089FB1F25F7D6ADB0600A419995671" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure17" ID-arpha="C5513404-1E01-537A-A040-53EE4A4C35F4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104515" startId="F17">
<paragraph id="021B9D33114D9074D4E9963C18CD4F36">
<label id="B101B731840E8B5F327AD917A6EE8265">Figure 17.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B6CFDFEC4EB53FC908D70F6E1D1DAD57">
<emphasis id="930E56DD7A26A81C8865A0DACC14FCA4" bold="true">A C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5DD01C87CF1ECEC424C4D41FF160301C" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1831" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Zootecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="E10D78B46BD107C74B6654074C6F9784" italics="true">Zootecus insularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6AF344AE9092E1A042BB338100DD3B81" bold="true">A</emphasis>
lectotype
<named-content id="8F9DD4CD68557A2956F80279AB3081D6" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/museum-f%C3%BCr-naturkunde-berlin-zoological-collections" xlink_title="Museum für Naturkunde, Humboldt University, Berlin">ZMB</named-content>
109990 (after
<bibRefCitation id="1649CBA523E7044573094483DD33234E" author="Raheem" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Raheem" refId="B90" refString="Raheem DC, Taylor H, Ablett J, Preece RC, Aravind NA, Naggs F (2014) A systematic revision of the land snails of the Western Ghats of India. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 4): 1294." year="2014">Raheem et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 74 c) and
<emphasis id="41DD4297F4F7F3C2E1C1D0D137273BE2" bold="true">B, C</emphasis>
specimen
<named-content id="5389DC877D7876E9FCCDADC2BDBA3585" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1875.12. 4.16 from Burma
<emphasis id="974D26EB504DDA69D3BA3A91053803C1" bold="true">D H</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A3E27CAD9CD274C2A266CC4BE610AE91" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Zootecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pullus">
<emphasis id="B825915A3619D8C0F3A5C9EB8F650A28" italics="true">Zootecus pullus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3D6992C773579544DA5C9ACAC490983D" bold="true">D</emphasis>
lectotype
<named-content id="68FFBEFCE797DA424D0230F93EC62C6E" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1986252 / 1 and
<emphasis id="0AF407C5BB6CEACB14FDB1305B787233" bold="true">E</emphasis>
paralectotype
<named-content id="CDF178AAAE907C5DB4FCF7B2DF4F6918" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</named-content>
1986252 / 2 from Banks of the Ganges, South Asia and
<emphasis id="264432FC88F293F04234F3243B5C3EC0" bold="true">F H</emphasis>
specimen
<named-content id="5ECDE25D89290555A85FA6AAB883AD77" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/chulalongkorn-university-museum-natural-history" xlink_title="Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology">CUMZ</named-content>
13081 from Bagan, Mandalay Region, Myanmar.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EWEHK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="9B9DC8E3D806998B771047E3F4EF04A4">
<heading id="ACDEB128DB8A5E87EA5E9DDA4260D6A5" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="83917794CF65B64FA78D803E70C5E7AD">Shell subcylindrical; spire high and dome-shaped; apex pointed; subsequent whorls with fine and wavy radial striae, which stronger near suture. Aperture semi-ovate; columella short and straight. Umbilicus narrow.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2EHK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="DA7CA9224A175FD91444AD0C8B45DB97">
<heading id="8257F7D0CCBCF47022B0C8BC9CC251BB" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="275E37D19C368A7EE02C94DC76F07D13">
<taxonomicName id="AA31305F2277A06919A4894D580D286B" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1831" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Zootecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="D216BF897F4CC5B53BB75CFFC4DF4EBB" italics="true">Zootecus insularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a wide geographic distribution, spanning across the
<collectingCountry id="CD06CFCB94FF0D259CCE19AF2A9B3A44" name="Cape Verde">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
Islands, northeastern Africa, and the Arabian Peninsula. Its range also extends to South Asia, including
<collectingCountry id="F8C4C75371FF0EE7C32D9A97EAA3267C" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="639D839A5575C9980418C664F54C22C7" name="Pakistan">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="4CF6C939F7B50A73EC4A1A253D1958E1" name="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="C5E8D6D44B2DE34F80E568B4FA4E46C5" name="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DA84434B9ABF09178B58B79B27A31379" DOI="10.1175/1520-0493(1907)35%3C357a:LP%3E2.0.CO;2" author="Pilsbry" firstAuthor="Pilsbry" refId="B86" refString="Pilsbry HA (1906) [19061907] Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Series 2, Pulmonata. Volume 18: Achatinidae: Stenogyrinae and Coeliaxinae. Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 1357. [pls 151] [pp 1272, pls 134 (1906); pp 273357, pls 3551 (1907)] https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493 (1907) 35 % 3 C 357 a: LP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="5597CE996569EBDAAB5FFD037F48561C" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="07E813E972437BDE58BE7949FEC46E80" DOI="10.1127/arch.moll/132/2003/153" author="Neubert" firstAuthor="Neubert" refId="B66" refString="Neubert E (2003) The continental malacofauna of Arabia and adjacent areas. II. The genus Zootecus Westerlund, 1887. Archiv für Molluskenkunde der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 132 (1 / 2): 153160. https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/132/2003/153" year="2003">Neubert 2003</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="4D966E517556DAA46B61F0C887F856C1" author="Raheem" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Raheem" refId="B90" refString="Raheem DC, Taylor H, Ablett J, Preece RC, Aravind NA, Naggs F (2014) A systematic revision of the land snails of the Western Ghats of India. Tropical Natural History (Supplement 4): 1294." year="2014">Raheem et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
). In
<collectingCountry id="C52D3121FD88D774AB81E3DF97BEBFEF" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, it was recorded from Pagan [Bagan] in the
<collectingRegion id="6240ABA47B2BE321B5779D68989A7F3D" country="Myanmar" name="Mandalay">Mandalay Region</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2F3BDBC9E5F705808E1EFCB6E1E237A8" author="Blanford" firstAuthor="Blanford" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pagination="66-105" refId="B16" refString="Blanford WT (1865) Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 34 (2): 66105. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" title="Contributions to Indian Malacology, No. 5. Description of new land shells from Arakan, Pegu, and Ava; with notes on the distributions of described species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114408" volume="34" year="1865">Blanford 1865</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AC9688A23D0338ED7C2DE4CCE4E4B573" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.12891" author="Gude" firstAuthor="Gude" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" refId="B42" refString="Gude GK (1914) Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 520 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.12891" title="Mollusca - II. Trochomorphidae - Janellidae. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK (Eds) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1914">Gude 1914</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EEGHK" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="8B8BF895D78F51D4E015FC43EF6A29E5">
<heading id="FC14D78C87565C680C4CE82649425CA0" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="46BC6D1D476CF4792B0E9CBB1F441B61">
No new specimens of this species were collected during this survey. However, the specimens collected from Bagan in the
<collectingRegion id="096276CB2B6A6614FC019F44541EFDFD" country="Myanmar" name="Mandalay">Mandalay Region</collectingRegion>
are here identified as
<taxonomicName id="58354D79DFE2F5792A60ED64AAF6D594" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Zootecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pullus">
<emphasis id="269F492805C7CC68228EA3A47CC4E80E" italics="true">Z. pullus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
rather than
<taxonomicName id="9EF555752D2AF86D4CC804550669FA23" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1831" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Zootecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="CB7236D0A9390941DE8A35336440773F" italics="true">Z. insularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see under
<taxonomicName id="5EBE713AC3628B42BA1A8389A11EA1B2" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Zootecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pullus">
<emphasis id="B7945A1BA85F487EB7648457CFF6BFD5" italics="true">Z. pullus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for further comparison). The historical museum specimens with brief locality records such as Burma (Fig.
<figureCitation id="B0D9556CD038638D8E0E7298F18E9658" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. A C Zootecus insularis A lectotype ZMB 109990 (after Raheem et al. 2014: fig. 74 c) and B, C specimen NHMUK 1875.12. 4.16 from Burma D H Zootecus pullus D lectotype NHMUK 1986252 / 1 and E paralectotype NHMUK 1986252 / 2 from Banks of the Ganges, South Asia and F H specimen CUMZ 13081 from Bagan, Mandalay Region, Myanmar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104515">17 B, C</figureCitation>
) match well with the respective type specimens of this species (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D2A8337332700481154734A02B07810D" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. A C Zootecus insularis A lectotype ZMB 109990 (after Raheem et al. 2014: fig. 74 c) and B, C specimen NHMUK 1875.12. 4.16 from Burma D H Zootecus pullus D lectotype NHMUK 1986252 / 1 and E paralectotype NHMUK 1986252 / 2 from Banks of the Ganges, South Asia and F H specimen CUMZ 13081 from Bagan, Mandalay Region, Myanmar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1104515">17 A</figureCitation>
). As a result, the existence of
<taxonomicName id="82D454F51054E615201A875702C1BFB6" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1831" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Zootecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="91F1F17DDF6D503E8A194ECCD1BE148B" italics="true">Z. insularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="EB36B16295EDB4CA145C1850B9E46858" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
requires further evidence from newly collected specimens with precise collection locality data, otherwise it must be excluded from the faunal list.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>