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<document id="661DEE6B1ACE8441F927AC70234C7047" ID-ISSN="0031-0298" checkinTime="1730914238564" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Christopher, Jass, N., Usa, J. J. &amp; Usa" docDate="2009" docId="038FE5135520FFBCFCDEFB8CFACBF9F6" docLanguage="en" docName="PaleoBios.29.1.1-12.pdf" docOrigin="PaleoBios 29 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:B33154B3886B59070E38D2B65872D2F8:PaleoBios.2009-2017.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="B33154B3886B59070E38D2B65872D2F8" docStyleName="PaleoBios.2009-2017.journal_article.1cover" docTitle="Brachylagus coloradoensis Ramos 1999" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="4" masterDocId="FFB69D6B5524FFB8FFFEFF93FFAFFFF6" masterDocTitle="Pleistocene lagomorphs from Cathedral Cave, Nevada" masterLastPageNumber="12" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1730914569090" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0">
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<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFCDEFB8CFB6AFBCE" authority="Ramos 1999" authorityName="Ramos" authorityYear="1999" box="[800,1221,1055,1080]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Brachylagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloradoensis">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFCDEFB8CFB9FFBC1" bold="true" box="[800,1072,1055,1079]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Brachylagus coloradoensis</emphasis>
Ramos 1999
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<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFCBEFBDBFB89FB96" bold="true" box="[832,1062,1096,1120]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Referred Specimens</emphasis>
—See Appendix 1.
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<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFCBEFBFBFC69FB76" bold="true" box="[832,966,1128,1152]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Description</emphasis>
—The
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identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFACCFBF4FC08FB69" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Brachylagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloradoensis">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFACCFBF4FC08FB69" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Brachylagus coloradoensis</emphasis>
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are similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFBABFB1BFB4CFB69" baseAuthorityName="Ramos" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[1109,1251,1159,1183]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Brachylagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="idahoensis">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFBABFB1BFB4CFB69" bold="true" box="[1109,1251,1159,1183]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">B. idahoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but both have a weakly developed posterointernal reentrant and a posteroexternal reentrant that extends only between one-third and two-thirds across the tooth (
<figureCitation id="131D48805520FFBCFBA0FB7BFB1AFAF6" box="[1118,1205,1256,1280]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="4.[112,180,546,568]" captionTargetBox="[114,765,193,525]" captionTargetId="figure-799@4.[114,765,192,526]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 4. Leporid teeth from Cathedral Cave. A. Enamel pattern and terminology for the p3; B. Right p3 of Aztlanolagus agilis (TMM 43693-1750) from Cathedral Cave; C. Left p3 of Brachylagus idahoensis (TMM 43693-1777) from Cathedral Cave; D. Right p3 of Brachylagus coloradoensis (TMM 43693- 1774) from Cathedral Cave. Scale bars equal 1 mm." pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Fig. 4d</figureCitation>
). As such, these specimens are consistent with those identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFAF4FA9BFA1FFAE9" box="[1290,1456,1287,1311]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Brachylagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloradoensis">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFAF4FA9BFA1FFAE9" bold="true" box="[1290,1456,1287,1311]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">B. coloradoensis</emphasis>
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from Porcupine Cave (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB729F45520FFBCFBE4FABBFB6BFAB6" author="Ramos, C. N." box="[1050,1220,1320,1344]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" pagination="151 - 159" refId="ref6969" refString="Ramos, C. N. 1999 b. An Irvingtonian species of Brachylagus (Mammalia: Lagomorpha) from Porcupine Cave, Park County, Colorado. Great Basin Naturalist 59: 151 - 159." type="journal article" year="1999">Ramos, 1999b</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C078E5520FFBCFCBEFADBFACBF9F6" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" type="discussion">
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<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFCBEFADBFC10FA96" bold="true" box="[832,959,1352,1376]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Discussion</emphasis>
—Prior to this report,
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<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFB30FADBFAD4FAA9" bold="true" box="[1230,1403,1351,1375]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">B. coloradoensis</emphasis>
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was known only from several localities of Irvingtonian or unknown age within Porcupine Cave (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB729F45520FFBCFBABFA1BFB59FA56" author="Ramos, C. N." box="[1109,1270,1416,1440]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" pagination="151 - 159" refId="ref6969" refString="Ramos, C. N. 1999 b. An Irvingtonian species of Brachylagus (Mammalia: Lagomorpha) from Porcupine Cave, Park County, Colorado. Great Basin Naturalist 59: 151 - 159." type="journal article" year="1999">Ramos 1999b</bibRefCitation>
, Barnosky 2004,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB729F45520FFBCFCDEFA3BFBF2FA36" author="Barnosky, A. D. &amp; S. B. Hopkins" box="[800,1117,1448,1472]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" refId="ref5503" refString="Barnosky, A. D., and S. B. Hopkins. 2004. Identification of miscellaneous mammals from the Pit locality: Including Soricidae, Leporidae, Geomyidae. Pp. 169 - 171 in A. D. Barnosky (ed.). Biodiversity Response to Climate Change in the Middle Pleistocene-The Porcupine Cave fauna from Colorado. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA." type="book" year="2004">Barnosky and Hopkins 2004</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB729F45520FFBCFB99FA3BFB58FA36" author="Baxter, C. N." box="[1127,1271,1448,1472]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" refId="ref5575" refString="Baxter, C. N. 2004. Leporidae of the DMNH Velvet Room excavations and Mark's Sink. Pp. 164 - 168 in A. D. Barnosky (ed.). Biodiversity Response to Climate Change in the Middle Pleistocene: The Porcupine Cave Fauna from Colorado. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA." type="book" year="2004">Baxter, 2004</bibRefCitation>
; age assignments from Barnosky et al. 2004). Its occurrence in Cathedral Cave extends both its geographic and chronologic ranges.
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<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFF8EF9AEFD89F9A3" ID-CoL="MWT3" authority="(Merriam, 1891)" baseAuthorityName="Merriam" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[112,550,1597,1621]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Brachylagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="idahoensis">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFF8EF9AEFECBF9A3" bold="true" box="[112,356,1597,1621]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Brachylagus idahoensis</emphasis>
(Merriam, 1891)
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<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFF6EF9F6FED9F98B" bold="true" box="[144,374,1637,1661]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Referred Specimens</emphasis>
—See Appendix 1.
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<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFF6EF915FEB7F968" bold="true" box="[144,280,1670,1694]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Description</emphasis>
—
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of
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<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFDF2F916FCAFF96B" bold="true" box="[524,768,1669,1693]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Brachylagus idahoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were identified from Cathedral Cave (
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). Two of the specimens retain simple anteroexternal reentrants and the trigonid and talonid are either completely (TMM 43693-1777), or nearly (TMM 43693-1776), separated by cementum. The extension of the anteroexternal folds across the tooth is characteristic of
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<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFED9F8DBFE1CF8A9" bold="true" box="[295,435,1863,1887]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">B. idahoensis</emphasis>
(
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)
</taxonomicName>
. Length and width of the p3s were: (TMM 43693-1777) -
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=
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,
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=
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; (43693-1776) -
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=
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,
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=
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9954055520FFBCFCBEFF51FA1EFE0F" blockId="4.[800,1459,193,1024]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">
A third p
<specimenCount id="9D209F8C5520FFBCFC55FF51FB87FF2F" box="[939,1064,193,218]" count="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" type="generic">3 specimen</specimenCount>
(TMM 43693-1775) with a damaged occlusal surface that was also identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFAD1FF72FC24FEEF" baseAuthorityName="Ramos" baseAuthorityYear="1999" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Brachylagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="idahoensis">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFAD1FF72FC24FEEF" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Brachylagus idahoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is unique. In ventral view, it has a posteroexternal reentrant that extends across two-thirds of the tooth, but exhibits an enamel lake in the position of a posterointernal reentrant. Because the joining of the posteroexternal reentrant with the enamel lake would result in a morphology more similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFC68FE31FB8AFE4F" baseAuthorityName="Ramos" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[918,1061,417,441]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Brachylagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="idahoensis">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFC68FE31FC09FE4F" bold="true" box="[918,934,418,441]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">B</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFC44FE32FB8AFE4F" bold="true" box="[954,1061,417,441]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">idahoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFB91FE31FAB6FE4F" box="[1135,1305,417,441]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Brachylagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloradoensis">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFB91FE31FBD0FE4F" bold="true" box="[1135,1151,418,441]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">B</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFB6CFE32FAB6FE4F" bold="true" box="[1170,1305,417,441]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">coloradoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see below), the specimen is identified as the former. Further review of variation in the p3 enamel patterns of
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFB49FE71FA90FE0F" baseAuthorityName="Ramos" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[1207,1343,481,505]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Brachylagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="idahoensis">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFB49FE71FA90FE0F" bold="true" box="[1207,1343,481,505]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">B. idahoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is needed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C078E5520FFBCFCBEFD92FBEEFBF6" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9954055520FFBCFCBEFD92FCD6FCEF" blockId="4.[800,1459,193,1024]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFCBEFD92FBC8FDEF" bold="true" box="[832,1127,513,537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">
Discussion—
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFC1CFD92FBC8FDEF" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1900" box="[994,1127,513,537]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Brachylagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFC1CFD92FBC8FDEF" bold="true" box="[994,1127,513,537]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Brachylagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is distinguished from most extant and fossil North American leporids by the lack of an anterior reentrant on the p3 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB729F45520FFBCFB8EFDD1FA04FDAC" author="Kurten, B. &amp; E. Anderson" box="[1136,1451,577,602]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" refId="ref6547" refString="Kurten, B., and E. Anderson. 1980. Pleistocene Mammals of North America. Columbia University Press, New York, NY. 442 pp." type="book" year="1980">Kurtén and Anderson 1980</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB729F45520FFBCFCDEFDF1FC6EFD8C" author="Ramos, C. N." box="[800,961,610,634]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref6926" refString="Ramos, C. N. 1999 a. Morphometric variation among some leporids (Mammalia: Lagomorpha) of North America. Proceedings of the Denver Museum of Natural History, Series 3, no. 16: 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="1999">Ramos 1999a</bibRefCitation>
). The extinct genus
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFB4FFDF2FA8EFD8F" authorityName="Dice" authorityYear="1917" box="[1201,1313,609,633]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Hypolagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFB4FFDF2FA8EFD8F" bold="true" box="[1201,1313,609,633]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Hypolagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar in some qualitative aspects to an extinct form of
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFAD1FD12FA1FFD6F" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1900" box="[1327,1456,641,665]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Brachylagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFAD1FD12FA1FFD6F" bold="true" box="[1327,1456,641,665]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Brachylagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFCD4FD31FC7FFD4F" box="[810,976,673,697]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Brachylagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloradoensis">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFCD4FD31FC95FD4F" bold="true" box="[810,826,674,697]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">B</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFCB7FD32FC7FFD4F" bold="true" box="[841,976,673,697]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">coloradoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) but is larger in size (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB729F45520FFBCFB3EFD31FACCFD4F" author="Ramos, C. N." box="[1216,1379,673,698]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" pagination="151 - 159" refId="ref6969" refString="Ramos, C. N. 1999 b. An Irvingtonian species of Brachylagus (Mammalia: Lagomorpha) from Porcupine Cave, Park County, Colorado. Great Basin Naturalist 59: 151 - 159." type="journal article" year="1999">Ramos 1999b</bibRefCitation>
). Until recently, the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFC04FD52FBD4FD2F" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1900" box="[1018,1147,705,729]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Brachylagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFC04FD52FBD4FD2F" bold="true" box="[1018,1147,705,729]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Brachylagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was considered monotypic, with
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFCA2FD71FC45FD0F" baseAuthorityName="Ramos" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[860,1002,737,761]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Brachylagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="idahoensis">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFCA2FD71FCC3FD0F" bold="true" box="[860,876,738,761]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">B</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFC81FD72FC45FD0F" bold="true" box="[895,1002,737,761]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">idahoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the only recognized species (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB729F45520FFBCFA9FFD71FCC3FCEF" author="Ramos, C. N." pageId="4" pageNumber="4" pagination="151 - 159" refId="ref6969" refString="Ramos, C. N. 1999 b. An Irvingtonian species of Brachylagus (Mammalia: Lagomorpha) from Porcupine Cave, Park County, Colorado. Great Basin Naturalist 59: 151 - 159." type="journal article" year="1999">Ramos 1999b</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9954055520FFBCFCBEFCB2FBEEFBF6" blockId="4.[800,1459,193,1024]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">
Fossils of
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFC49FCB2FB1FFCCF" baseAuthorityName="Ramos" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[951,1200,801,825]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Brachylagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="idahoensis">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFC49FCB2FB1FFCCF" bold="true" box="[951,1200,801,825]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Brachylagus idahoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are known only from the western
<collectingCountry id="F33114955520FFBCFC54FCD2FB90FCAC" box="[938,1087,833,858]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">United States</collectingCountry>
and most fall within or near the present distribution of the species (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB729F45520FFBCFB49FCF1FCF1FC6C" author="Kurten, B. &amp; E. Anderson" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" refId="ref6547" refString="Kurten, B., and E. Anderson. 1980. Pleistocene Mammals of North America. Columbia University Press, New York, NY. 442 pp." type="book" year="1980">Kurtén and Anderson 1980</bibRefCitation>
). Exceptions are the records from Isleta Cave No. 2 and Sheep Camp Shelter in
<collectingRegion id="49E29AE75520FFBCFBB5FC31FB78FC4F" box="[1099,1239,929,953]" country="United States of America" name="New Mexico" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">New Mexico</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB729F45520FFBCFB1BFC32FADDFC4C" author="Harris, A. H." box="[1253,1394,929,954]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" pagination="179 - 197" refId="ref6368" refString="Harris, A. H. 1993. Quaternary vertebrates of New Mexico. In S. G. Lucas and J. Zidek (eds.). Vertebrate Paleontology in New Mexico. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 2: 179 - 197." type="journal article" year="1993">Harris 1993</bibRefCitation>
). The occurrence of
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFC42FC51FBEAFC2F" baseAuthorityName="Ramos" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[956,1093,961,985]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Brachylagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="idahoensis">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFC42FC51FC63FC2F" bold="true" box="[956,972,962,985]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">B</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFC24FC52FBEAFC2F" bold="true" box="[986,1093,961,985]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">idahoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at Cathedral Cave was previously noted by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB729F45520FFBCFC77FC7BFB92FBF6" author="Ramos, C. N." box="[905,1085,1000,1024]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" pagination="151 - 159" refId="ref6969" refString="Ramos, C. N. 1999 b. An Irvingtonian species of Brachylagus (Mammalia: Lagomorpha) from Porcupine Cave, Park County, Colorado. Great Basin Naturalist 59: 151 - 159." type="journal article" year="1999">Ramos (1999b)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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269
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<paragraph id="8B9954055527FFBBFC9EFBCCFAE6FB8E" blockId="3.[864,1520,991,1144]" box="[864,1353,1119,1144]" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">
<heading id="D0D1E3695527FFBBFC9EFBCCFAE6FB8E" box="[864,1353,1119,1144]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" reason="7">
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865527FFBBFC9EFBCCFAE6FB8E" authority="Russell and Harris, 1986" authorityName="Russell and Harris" authorityYear="1986" box="[864,1353,1119,1144]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Aztlanolagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agilis">
<emphasis id="B95288175527FFBBFC9EFBCCFB82FB81" bold="true" box="[864,1069,1119,1143]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">Aztlanolagus agilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB729F45527FFBBFBCBFBF3FAE6FB8E" author="Russell, B. D. &amp; A. H. Harris" box="[1077,1353,1120,1144]" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" pagination="632 - 639" refId="ref7006" refString="Russell, B. D., and A. H. Harris. 1986. A new leporine (Lagomorpha: Leporidae) from Wisconsinan deposits of the Chihuahuan Desert. Journal of Mammalogy 67: 632 - 639." type="journal article" year="1986">Russell and Harris, 1986</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9954055527FFBBFC7EFB1BFA81FB56" blockId="3.[864,1522,1160,1954]" box="[896,1326,1160,1184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B95288175527FFBBFC7EFB1BFBC9FB56" bold="true" box="[896,1126,1160,1184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">Referred Specimens</emphasis>
—See Appendix 1.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C078E5527FFBBFC7EFB3BFA5DF8B6" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9954055527FFBBFC7EFB3BFA5DF8B6" blockId="3.[864,1522,1160,1954]" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B95288175527FFBBFC7EFB3BFBA7FB36" bold="true" box="[896,1032,1192,1216]" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">Description</emphasis>
—The p3s of
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865527FFBBFB5FFB34FAC0FB49" box="[1185,1391,1191,1215]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Aztlanolagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agilis">
<emphasis id="B95288175527FFBBFB5FFB34FAC0FB49" bold="true" box="[1185,1391,1191,1215]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">Aztlanolagus agilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are characterized by the presence of five reentrant folds (
<figureCitation id="131D48805527FFBBFAA1FB5BFA00FB16" box="[1375,1455,1224,1248]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="4.[112,180,546,568]" captionTargetBox="[114,765,193,525]" captionTargetId="figure-799@4.[114,765,192,526]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 4. Leporid teeth from Cathedral Cave. A. Enamel pattern and terminology for the p3; B. Right p3 of Aztlanolagus agilis (TMM 43693-1750) from Cathedral Cave; C. Left p3 of Brachylagus idahoensis (TMM 43693-1777) from Cathedral Cave; D. Right p3 of Brachylagus coloradoensis (TMM 43693- 1774) from Cathedral Cave. Scale bars equal 1 mm." pageId="3" pageNumber="3">Fig. 4a</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB729F45527FFBBFA42FB5BFBE2FAF6" author="Russell, B. D. &amp; A. H. Harris" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" pagination="632 - 639" refId="ref7006" refString="Russell, B. D., and A. H. Harris. 1986. A new leporine (Lagomorpha: Leporidae) from Wisconsinan deposits of the Chihuahuan Desert. Journal of Mammalogy 67: 632 - 639." type="journal article" year="1986">Russell and Harris 1986</bibRefCitation>
). No extant North American leporid retains this pattern, and among fossil taxa only
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865527FFBBFA86FA94FA5FFAE9" authorityName="Hibbard" authorityYear="1939" box="[1400,1520,1287,1311]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Nekrolagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95288175527FFBBFA86FA94FA5FFAE9" bold="true" box="[1400,1520,1287,1311]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">Nekrolagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB729F45527FFBBFC2AFABBFB40FAB6" author="Russell, B. D. &amp; A. H. Harris" box="[980,1263,1320,1344]" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" pagination="632 - 639" refId="ref7006" refString="Russell, B. D., and A. H. Harris. 1986. A new leporine (Lagomorpha: Leporidae) from Wisconsinan deposits of the Chihuahuan Desert. Journal of Mammalogy 67: 632 - 639." type="journal article" year="1986">Russell and Harris 1986</bibRefCitation>
). All specimens identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865527FFBBFC4EFADBFBA4FAA9" box="[944,1035,1351,1376]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Aztlanolagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agilis">
<emphasis id="B95288175527FFBBFC4EFADBFBA4FAA9" bold="true" box="[944,1035,1351,1376]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">A. agilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
exhibit a strongly developed anterointernal fold and a well-developed posterointernal fold (
<figureCitation id="131D48805527FFBBFA8CFAFBFA69FA76" box="[1394,1478,1384,1408]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="4.[112,180,546,568]" captionTargetBox="[114,765,193,525]" captionTargetId="figure-799@4.[114,765,192,526]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 4. Leporid teeth from Cathedral Cave. A. Enamel pattern and terminology for the p3; B. Right p3 of Aztlanolagus agilis (TMM 43693-1750) from Cathedral Cave; C. Left p3 of Brachylagus idahoensis (TMM 43693-1777) from Cathedral Cave; D. Right p3 of Brachylagus coloradoensis (TMM 43693- 1774) from Cathedral Cave. Scale bars equal 1 mm." pageId="3" pageNumber="3">Fig. 4b</figureCitation>
) or lake. The presence of a strongly developed anterointernal fold on the p3 distinguishes
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865527FFBBFB57FA3BFAA8FA49" box="[1193,1287,1447,1472]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Aztlanolagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agilis">
<emphasis id="B95288175527FFBBFB57FA3BFB12FA36" bold="true" box="[1193,1213,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B95288175527FFBBFB2EFA34FAA8FA49" bold="true" box="[1232,1287,1447,1471]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">agilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865527FFBBFAAFFA34FA66FA49" authorityName="Hibbard" authorityYear="1939" box="[1361,1481,1447,1471]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Nekrolagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95288175527FFBBFAAFFA34FA66FA49" bold="true" box="[1361,1481,1447,1471]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">Nekrolagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in which the fold is less developed or absent (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB729F45527FFBBFACBFA5BFC6FF9F6" author="Russell, B. D. &amp; A. H. Harris" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" pagination="632 - 639" refId="ref7006" refString="Russell, B. D., and A. H. Harris. 1986. A new leporine (Lagomorpha: Leporidae) from Wisconsinan deposits of the Chihuahuan Desert. Journal of Mammalogy 67: 632 - 639." type="journal article" year="1986">Russell and Harris 1986</bibRefCitation>
). The degree of crenulation within individual folds varies among individual specimens from Cathedral Cave.
<tableCitation id="C6A461BE5527FFBBFC9EF9BBFC19F9B6" box="[864,950,1576,1600]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="6.[112,169,225,246]" captionText="Table 1. Variation in the number of major crenulations on the anteroexternal reentrant (AER), posterior wall of the posterointernal reentrant (PW-PIR), and posterior wall of the posteroexternal reentrant (PW-PER) in the p3 of Aztlanolagus agilis from Cathedral Cave, Nevada, by excavated level. (?) = minimum number of major crenulations. Dash (-) = data could not be evaluated. Specimen No. = unique specimen number for locality TMM 43693 (i.e., TMM 43693-1748 is the full number for the first specimen listed below)." pageId="3" pageNumber="3">Table 1</tableCitation>
summarizes the number of major crenulations in the anteroexternal reentrant, along the posterior wall of the posterointernal reentrant, and along the posterior wall of the posteroexternal reentrant. For specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865527FFBBFAADF91BFA1FF969" box="[1363,1456,1671,1696]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Aztlanolagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agilis">
<emphasis id="B95288175527FFBBFAADF91BFAC8F956" bold="true" box="[1363,1383,1672,1696]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B95288175527FFBBFA87F914FA1FF969" bold="true" box="[1401,1456,1671,1695]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">agilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Cathedral Cave, the p3 average length is
<quantity id="4CDEF9E05527FFBBFAD2F93BFA3DF949" box="[1324,1426,1704,1728]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.40 mm</quantity>
(n = 25; SD = 0.23; range = 1.7–2.8) and average width is
<quantity id="4CDEF9E05527FFBBFA77F95BFA5FF929" box="[1417,1520,1736,1760]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.29" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="2.29">2.29 mm</quantity>
(n = 25; SD = 0.34; range = 1.2–2.8). These are slightly larger than average measurements recorded by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB729F45527FFBBFAEDF89BFC03F8B6" author="Winkler, A. J. &amp; Y. Tomida" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" pagination="391 - 396" refId="ref7445" refString="Winkler, A. J., and Y. Tomida. 1988. New records of the small leporid Aztlanolagus agilis Russell and Harris (Leporidae: Leporinae). Southwestern Naturalist 33: 391 - 396." type="journal article" year="1988">Winkler and Tomida (1988)</bibRefCitation>
for other localities in the southwestern
<collectingCountry id="F33114955527FFBBFAA6F8BBFA42F8B6" box="[1368,1517,1832,1856]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">United States</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF59048D5527FFBBFF4EF885FE70F857" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" startId="3.[176,244,1814,1836]" targetBox="[179,830,1435,1793]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B9954055527FFBBFF4EF885FE70F857" blockId="3.[176,826,1814,1954]" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B95288175527FFBBFF4EF885FEBEF8DD" bold="true" box="[176,273,1814,1836]" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">Figure 3.</emphasis>
The p3 of
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865527FFBBFE7DF885FE70F8DA" authorityName="Link" authorityYear="1795" box="[387,479,1814,1836]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95288175527FFBBFE7DF885FE70F8DA" bold="true" box="[387,479,1814,1836]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">Ochotona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Cathedral Cave.
<emphasis id="B95288175527FFBBFD3DF885FD7BF8DD" bold="true" box="[707,724,1814,1835]" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">A</emphasis>
. Occlusal pattern and terminology discussed in text;
<emphasis id="B95288175527FFBBFDA4F8A7FDC5F8BF" bold="true" box="[602,618,1844,1865]" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">B</emphasis>
. Left p3 (TMM 43693-1814) of
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865527FFBBFEAAF8C2FE7BF891" box="[340,468,1873,1895]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B95288175527FFBBFEAAF8C2FE1FF891" bold="true" box="[340,432,1873,1895]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">Ochotona</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
from Cathedral Cave;
<emphasis id="B95288175527FFBBFD46F8C2FD65F891" bold="true" box="[696,714,1873,1895]" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">C</emphasis>
. Right p3 of
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865527FFBBFF32F8FDFEE3F872" box="[204,332,1902,1924]" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B95288175527FFBBFF32F8FDFE87F872" bold="true" box="[204,296,1902,1924]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">Ochotona</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
exhibiting a fourth reentrant fold (TMM 43693- 1856). Scale bar equals 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C33C078E5527FFBCFC7EF8DAFEF6FA2B" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9954055527FFBCFC7EF8DAFEFBFBEE" blockId="3.[864,1522,1160,1954]" lastBlockId="4.[112,771,799,1501]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B95288175527FFBBFC7EF8DAFB30F896" bold="true" box="[896,1183,1864,1889]" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">
Discussion—
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865527FFBBFBEFF8DBFB30F896" authorityName="Russell and Harris" authorityYear="1986" box="[1041,1183,1864,1888]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Aztlanolagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95288175527FFBBFBEFF8DBFB30F896" bold="true" box="[1041,1183,1864,1888]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">Aztlanolagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is known from Blancan to late Rancholabrean deposits in the western
<collectingCountry id="F33114955527FFBBFADBF8FAFA13F874" box="[1317,1468,1897,1922]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">United States</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F33114955527FFBBFC9EF819FC17F854" box="[864,952,1930,1954]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">Mexico</collectingCountry>
. Records other than Cathedral Cave come from localities within Porcupine Cave, CO (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB729F45520FFBCFDDEFC8CFF4FFCA1" author="Barnosky, A. D. &amp; S. B. Hopkins" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" refId="ref5503" refString="Barnosky, A. D., and S. B. Hopkins. 2004. Identification of miscellaneous mammals from the Pit locality: Including Soricidae, Leporidae, Geomyidae. Pp. 169 - 171 in A. D. Barnosky (ed.). Biodiversity Response to Climate Change in the Middle Pleistocene-The Porcupine Cave fauna from Colorado. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA." type="book" year="2004">Barnosky and Hopkins 2004</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB729F45520FFBCFF15FCD3FED7FCA1" author="Baxter, C. N." box="[235,376,831,855]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" refId="ref5575" refString="Baxter, C. N. 2004. Leporidae of the DMNH Velvet Room excavations and Mark's Sink. Pp. 164 - 168 in A. D. Barnosky (ed.). Biodiversity Response to Climate Change in the Middle Pleistocene: The Porcupine Cave Fauna from Colorado. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA." type="book" year="2004">Baxter 2004</bibRefCitation>
), and localities in northern
<collectingCountry id="F33114955520FFBCFD58FCACFD53FCA1" box="[678,764,831,855]" name="Mexico" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Mexico</collectingCountry>
, New
<collectingRegion id="49E29AE75520FFBCFF55FCCCFEAEFC81" box="[171,257,863,887]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Mexico</collectingRegion>
, Arizona, and Texas (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB729F45520FFBCFE12FCCCFD54FC81" author="Russell, B. D. &amp; A. H. Harris" box="[492,763,863,887]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" pagination="632 - 639" refId="ref7006" refString="Russell, B. D., and A. H. Harris. 1986. A new leporine (Lagomorpha: Leporidae) from Wisconsinan deposits of the Chihuahuan Desert. Journal of Mammalogy 67: 632 - 639." type="journal article" year="1986">Russell and Harris 1986</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB729F45520FFBCFF8EFC13FE36FC6E" author="Winkler, A. J. &amp; Y. Tomida" box="[112,409,896,920]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" pagination="391 - 396" refId="ref7445" refString="Winkler, A. J., and Y. Tomida. 1988. New records of the small leporid Aztlanolagus agilis Russell and Harris (Leporidae: Leporinae). Southwestern Naturalist 33: 391 - 396." type="journal article" year="1988">Winkler and Tomida 1988</bibRefCitation>
). Although
<bibRefCitation id="EFB729F45520FFBCFDE3FC13FF14FC4E" author="Winkler, A. J. &amp; Y. Tomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" pagination="391 - 396" refId="ref7445" refString="Winkler, A. J., and Y. Tomida. 1988. New records of the small leporid Aztlanolagus agilis Russell and Harris (Leporidae: Leporinae). Southwestern Naturalist 33: 391 - 396." type="journal article" year="1988">Winkler and Tomida (1988)</bibRefCitation>
tentatively referred all specimens that they examined to
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFF8EFC53FEDDFC2E" authority=", Baxter (2004)" authorityName=", Baxter" authorityYear="2004" box="[112,370,960,984]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Aztlanolagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agilis">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFF8EFC53FF7FFC2E" bold="true" box="[112,208,960,984]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">A. agilis,</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB729F45520FFBCFF29FC52FEDDFC2E" author="Baxter, C. N." box="[215,370,960,984]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" refId="ref5575" refString="Baxter, C. N. 2004. Leporidae of the DMNH Velvet Room excavations and Mark's Sink. Pp. 164 - 168 in A. D. Barnosky (ed.). Biodiversity Response to Climate Change in the Middle Pleistocene: The Porcupine Cave Fauna from Colorado. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA." type="book" year="2004">Baxter (2004)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
reported Porcupine Cave specimens as
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFF70FC73FEFBFC0E" box="[142,340,992,1016]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Aztlanolagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFF70FC73FEB3FC0E" bold="true" box="[142,284,992,1016]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Aztlanolagus</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
because of variation in tooth size and crenulation patterns.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF59048D5520FFBCFF8EFDB1FDDAFD3C" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" startId="4.[112,180,546,568]" targetBox="[114,765,193,525]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B9954055520FFBCFF8EFDB1FD65FD84" blockId="4.[112,736,546,715]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFF8EFDB1FF7EFDC1" bold="true" box="[112,209,546,568]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Leporid teeth from Cathedral Cave.
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFDBBFDB1FDF9FDC1" bold="true" box="[581,598,546,567]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">A</emphasis>
. Enamel pattern and terminology for the p3;
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFE43FDD3FE62FDA3" bold="true" box="[445,461,576,597]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">B</emphasis>
. Right p3 of
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFDA9FDACFF0DFD84" authorityName=", Baxter" authorityYear="2004" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Aztlanolagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agilis">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFDA9FDACFF0DFD84" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Aztlanolagus agilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(TMM 43693-1750) from Cathedral Cave;
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFDA1FDCEFDDEFD85" bold="true" box="[607,625,605,627]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">C</emphasis>
. Left p3
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9954055520FFBCFF8EFDE9FDDAFD3C" blockId="4.[112,736,546,715]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">
of
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFF72FDE9FEC7FD66" baseAuthorityName="Merriam" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[140,360,634,656]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Brachylagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="idahoensis">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFF72FDE9FEC7FD66" bold="true" box="[140,360,634,656]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Brachylagus idahoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(TMM 43693-1777) from Cathedral Cave;
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFF50FD0BFF6DFD5B" bold="true" box="[174,194,664,685]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">D</emphasis>
. Right p3 of
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFEB5FD04FDEEFD5B" box="[331,577,663,685]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Brachylagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloradoensis">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFEB5FD04FDEEFD5B" bold="true" box="[331,577,663,685]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Brachylagus coloradoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(TMM 43693- 1774) from Cathedral Cave. Scale bars equal 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9954055520FFBCFF6EFBB3FE0BFAED" blockId="4.[112,771,799,1501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFF6EFBB3FEB1FBCE" authorityName="Russell and Harris" authorityYear="1986" box="[144,286,1056,1080]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Aztlanolagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFF6EFBB3FEB1FBCE" bold="true" box="[144,286,1056,1080]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Aztlanolagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
might be synonymous with
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFDA2FBB3FD57FBCE" authorityName="Gureev &amp; Konkova" authorityYear="1964" box="[604,760,1056,1080]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Pliopentalagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFDA2FBB3FD57FBCE" bold="true" box="[604,760,1056,1080]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Pliopentalagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, an extinct leporid known mostly from
<collectingCountry id="F33114955520FFBCFDD4FBD2FDC3FBAF" box="[554,620,1089,1113]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">China</collectingCountry>
that has five reentrant folds on the p3 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB729F45520FFBCFE59FBF2FD0BFB8C" author="Tomida, Y. &amp; C. Jin" box="[423,676,1121,1146]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" pagination="97 - 107" refId="ref7109" refString="Tomida, Y., and C. Jin. 2002. Morphological evolution of the genus Pliopentalagus based on the fossil material from Anhui Province, China: A preliminary study. In T. Kubodera, M. Higuchi, and R. Miyawaki (eds.). Proceedings of the 3 rd and 4 th Symposia on Collection Building and Natural History Studies in Asia and the Pacific Rim. National Science Museum Monographs 22: 97 - 107." type="journal article" year="2002">Tomida and Jin 2002</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB729F45520FFBCFD4BFBF1FD5BFB8C" author="Tomida, Y. &amp; C. Jin" box="[693,756,1122,1146]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" refId="ref7193" refString="Tomida, Y., and C. Jin. 2004. Aztlanolagus (Lagomorpha, Mammalia) revisited: Origin, migration, evolution, and taxonomy. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24 (3, Supplement): 121 A - 122 A." type="journal volume" year="2004">2004</bibRefCitation>
). However, until the argument for synonymy is formalized,
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFF8EFB31FEAEFB4C" authorityName="Russell and Harris" authorityYear="1986" box="[112,257,1186,1210]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Aztlanolagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFF8EFB31FEAEFB4C" bold="true" box="[112,257,1186,1210]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Aztlanolagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be retained. Taxonomic issues notwithstanding, the disappearance of
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFDFAFB51FDCEFB2C" authorityName=", Baxter" authorityYear="2004" box="[516,609,1218,1242]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Aztlanolagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agilis">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFDFAFB51FDCEFB2C" bold="true" box="[516,609,1218,1242]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">A. agilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is one of the few known late Quaternary small mammal extinctions in continental North America.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9954055520FFBCFF6EFAB0FEF6FA2B" blockId="4.[112,771,799,1501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">
<materialsCitation id="3B4E5E585520FFBCFF6EFAB0FEFBFA2B" location="Smith Creek Cave" municipality="Cathedral Cave" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nevada">
The records of
<taxonomicName id="4C262F865520FFBCFEC1FAB0FDA2FACD" authorityName=", Baxter" authorityYear="2004" box="[319,525,1315,1339]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Aztlanolagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agilis">
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFEC1FAB0FDA2FACD" bold="true" box="[319,525,1315,1339]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Aztlanolagus agilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFDCE7F5520FFBCFDA8FAB0FCAFFACD" box="[598,768,1315,1339]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Cathedral Cave</collectingMunicipality>
presented here represent its first known occurrence in the Great Basin. The only other specimen known from the Great Basin is unnumbered in bulk material from
<location id="8EF902DE5520FFBCFD8FFA17FF06FA4A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038FE5135527FFBCFC9EFBCCFEF6FA2B:8EF902DE5520FFBCFD8FFA17FF06FA4A" municipality="Cathedral Cave" name="Smith Creek Cave" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" stateProvince="Nevada">Smith Creek Cave</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="49E29AE75520FFBCFF46FA37FEA2FA4A" box="[184,269,1444,1468]" country="United States of America" name="Nevada" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Nevada</collectingRegion>
, housed at the
<collectingRegion id="49E29AE75520FFBCFE3AFA37FDF9FA4A" box="[452,598,1444,1468]" country="United States of America" name="Nevada" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Nevada State</collectingRegion>
Museum (Jass
<emphasis id="B95288175520FFBCFF8EFA57FEE8FA2A" bold="true" box="[112,327,1476,1500]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">personal observation</emphasis>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>