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data/03/82/87/03828791FFCEFFC6FF7C63DDFCBAFA8C.xml
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<document id="1DD6DDBA1991C6C4AFB414EDDBDCCBD6" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.432.2.7" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1727823748208" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Ševčíková, Hana, Moreau, Pierre-Arthur &amp; Borovička, Jan" docDate="2020" docId="03828791FFCEFFC6FF7C63DDFCBAFA8C" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.432.2.7.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 432 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.432.2.7" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Pluteus keselakii Sevcikova, P., sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="186" masterDocId="FFBBFFE9FFCDFFC3FFF46329FFD0FF99" masterDocTitle="Pluteus keselakii (Pluteaceae, Agaricales), a new species in section Celluloderma" masterLastPageNumber="189" masterPageNumber="181" pageNumber="184" updateTime="1727827782886" updateUser="GgImagineBatch" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED"> <document id="7D4F197AFAF5B1A20EC655F8E66D8926" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.432.2.7" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13876583" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1727823748208" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Ševčíková, Hana, Moreau, Pierre-Arthur &amp; Borovička, Jan" docDate="2020" docId="03828791FFCEFFC6FF7C63DDFCBAFA8C" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.432.2.7.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 432 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.432.2.7" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Pluteus keselakii Sevcikova, P., sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="186" masterDocId="FFBBFFE9FFCDFFC3FFF46329FFD0FF99" masterDocTitle="Pluteus keselakii (Pluteaceae, Agaricales), a new species in section Celluloderma" masterLastPageNumber="189" masterPageNumber="181" pageNumber="184" updateTime="1727828114999" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="A6F4ED826E1146B72F634FB688DE36C3">Pluteus keselakii (Pluteaceae, Agaricales), a new species in section Celluloderma</mods:title> <mods:title id="396B99ADBA0873D34E03449AAF1842B8">Pluteus keselakii (Pluteaceae, Agaricales), a new species in section Celluloderma</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E86A7EC0F5BBE3FA083A7CF3F60938C8">Ševčíková, Hana</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="6D97932B0B42B5EE9E8FB73C918B1FC7">Ševčíková, Hana</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="49B14BC87854F7D524AD41FAEF3C2485">Department of Botany, Moravian Museum, Zelný trh 6, CZ - 659 37 Brno, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation> <mods:affiliation id="EBB836465910D3B5E9C21BC1B8789B9B">Department of Botany, Moravian Museum, Zelný trh 6, CZ - 659 37 Brno, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CCAC3122E4CF09F93087673711410C95">Moreau, Pierre-Arthur</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="FCD2299F98AEDDF16CEC5FEF5EC67B76">Moreau, Pierre-Arthur</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="311A854A1785E2BFC7AE6712D60C04D7">Faculté de pharmacie, EA 4483 IMPECS, Université de Lille, F - 59000 Lille, France</mods:affiliation> <mods:affiliation id="493453DA39370414826AD08AE5EA2BC2">Faculté de pharmacie, EA 4483 IMPECS, Université de Lille, F - 59000 Lille, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="055EBD9C12C1469861632BD8052DEEE7">Borovička, Jan</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart id="7B6DA8520CB93A25341DAB223E6063E7">Borovička, Jan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CB9C424EFD5085121DA355752BD6EBFF">Institute of Geology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 269, CZ - 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation> <mods:affiliation id="819D411D2C46872DBA5553E3CCD05B70">Institute of Geology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 269, CZ - 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="03828791FFCEFFC6FF7C63DDFCBAFA8C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03828791FFCEFFC6FF7C63DDFCBAFA8C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03828791FFCEFFC6FF7C63DDFCBAFA8C" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="186" pageId="3" pageNumber="184"> <treatment id="03828791FFCEFFC6FF7C63DDFCBAFA8C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03828791FFCEFFC6FF7C63DDFCBAFA8C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03828791FFCEFFC6FF7C63DDFCBAFA8C" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="186" pageId="3" pageNumber="184">
<subSubSection id="C331650CFFCEFFC0FF7C63DDFE5EFEAA" pageId="3" pageNumber="184" type="nomenclature"> <subSubSection id="C331650CFFCEFFC0FF7C63DDFE5EFEAA" pageId="3" pageNumber="184" type="nomenclature">
@ -65,9 +66,9 @@
<emphasis id="B95FEA95FFCEFFC0FCFE63DCFC8FFE97" box="[778,863,245,270]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="184"> <emphasis id="B95FEA95FFCEFFC0FCFE63DCFC8FFE97" box="[778,863,245,270]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="184">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26C57EEFFCEFFC0FCFE63DCFC8FFE97" box="[778,863,245,270]" pageId="3" pageNumber="184" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel> <taxonomicNameLabel id="A26C57EEFFCEFFC0FCFE63DCFC8FFE97" box="[778,863,245,270]" pageId="3" pageNumber="184" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis> </emphasis>
<figureCitation id="13102A02FFCEFFC0FC9263DDFC64FE97" box="[870,948,244,270]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1977,1999]" captionTargetBox="[163,1435,563,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-113@3.[151,1436,547,1953]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Pluteus keselakii holotype BRNM 817402: a basidiospores, b basidia, c pleurocystidia, d cheilocystidia, e pileipellis elements, f caulocystidia. Scale bar = 10 μm. Illustrated by Hana Ševčíková." pageId="3" pageNumber="184">Figs. 2</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="13102A02FFCEFFC0FC9263DDFC64FE97" box="[870,948,244,270]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1977,1999]" captionTargetBox="[163,1435,563,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-113@3.[151,1436,547,1953]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Pluteus keselakii holotype BRNM 817402: a basidiospores, b basidia, c pleurocystidia, d cheilocystidia, e pileipellis elements, f caulocystidia. Scale bar = 10 μm. Illustrated by Hana Ševčíková." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876587" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876587/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="184">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
, ,
<figureCitation id="13102A02FFCEFFC0FC3463DDFC1EFE97" box="[960,974,244,270]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-27@4.[151,1436,190,1918]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Pluteus keselakii a–e holotype BRNM 817402 basidiocarps, f pleurocystidia holotype, g pileipellis LIP Mycologie 0401385, h–i Basidiocarps. LIP Mycologie 0401385, j caulocystidia holotype BRNM 817402. Scale bar: a–e, h–i = 1 cm, f–g and j = 10 μm. Photos: a–e Pavol Kešeľák, f–g and j Hana Ševčíková, h–i Pierre-Arthur Moreau." pageId="3" pageNumber="184">3</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="13102A02FFCEFFC0FC3463DDFC1EFE97" box="[960,974,244,270]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-27@4.[151,1436,190,1918]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Pluteus keselakii a–e holotype BRNM 817402 basidiocarps, f pleurocystidia holotype, g pileipellis LIP Mycologie 0401385, h–i Basidiocarps. LIP Mycologie 0401385, j caulocystidia holotype BRNM 817402. Scale bar: a–e, h–i = 1 cm, f–g and j = 10 μm. Photos: a–e Pavol Kešeľák, f–g and j Hana Ševčíková, h–i Pierre-Arthur Moreau." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876589/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="184">3</figureCitation>
</heading> </heading>
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<paragraph id="8B943687FFCEFFC0FF7C6231FE5EFEAA" blockId="3.[136,398,280,307]" box="[136,398,280,307]" pageId="3" pageNumber="184"> <paragraph id="8B943687FFCEFFC0FF7C6231FE5EFEAA" blockId="3.[136,398,280,307]" box="[136,398,280,307]" pageId="3" pageNumber="184">
@ -145,7 +146,7 @@ rDNA and
-α). -α).
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</paragraph> </paragraph>
<caption id="DF54660FFFCEFFC0FF7C6490FCD6F86C" pageId="3" pageNumber="184" startId="3.[136,229,1977,1999]" targetBox="[163,1435,563,1948]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure"> <caption id="DF54660FFFCEFFC0FF7C6490FCD6F86C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876587" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13876587" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876587/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="184" startId="3.[136,229,1977,1999]" targetBox="[163,1435,563,1948]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B943687FFCEFFC0FF7C6490FCD6F86C" blockId="3.[136,1452,1977,2037]" pageId="3" pageNumber="184"> <paragraph id="8B943687FFCEFFC0FF7C6490FCD6F86C" blockId="3.[136,1452,1977,2037]" pageId="3" pageNumber="184">
<emphasis id="B95FEA95FFCEFFC0FF7C6490FF2CF857" bold="true" box="[136,252,1977,1999]" pageId="3" pageNumber="184">FIGURE 2.</emphasis> <emphasis id="B95FEA95FFCEFFC0FF7C6490FF2CF857" bold="true" box="[136,252,1977,1999]" pageId="3" pageNumber="184">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D04FFCEFFC0FEF56490FE72F857" box="[257,418,1977,1998]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Pluteaceae" genus="Pluteus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="184" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="keselakii"> <taxonomicName id="4C2B4D04FFCEFFC0FEF56490FE72F857" box="[257,418,1977,1998]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Pluteaceae" genus="Pluteus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="3" pageNumber="184" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="keselakii">
@ -154,7 +155,7 @@ rDNA and
holotype BRNM 817402: a basidiospores, b basidia, c pleurocystidia, d cheilocystidia, e pileipellis elements, f caulocystidia. Scale bar = 10 μm. Illustrated by Hana Ševčíková. holotype BRNM 817402: a basidiospores, b basidia, c pleurocystidia, d cheilocystidia, e pileipellis elements, f caulocystidia. Scale bar = 10 μm. Illustrated by Hana Ševčíková.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
<caption id="DF54660FFFC9FFC7FF7C64BFFC9AF86D" pageId="4" pageNumber="185" startId="4.[136,229,1942,1964]" targetBox="[151,1436,190,1918]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure"> <caption id="DF54660FFFC9FFC7FF7C64BFFC9AF86D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876589" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13876589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876589/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="185" startId="4.[136,229,1942,1964]" targetBox="[151,1436,190,1918]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B943687FFC9FFC7FF7C64BFFC9AF86D" blockId="4.[136,1452,1942,2038]" pageId="4" pageNumber="185"> <paragraph id="8B943687FFC9FFC7FF7C64BFFC9AF86D" blockId="4.[136,1452,1942,2038]" pageId="4" pageNumber="185">
<emphasis id="B95FEA95FFC9FFC7FF7C64BFFF2DF835" bold="true" box="[136,253,1942,1964]" pageId="4" pageNumber="185">FIGURE 3.</emphasis> <emphasis id="B95FEA95FFC9FFC7FF7C64BFFF2DF835" bold="true" box="[136,253,1942,1964]" pageId="4" pageNumber="185">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D04FFC9FFC7FEF764BEFE75F835" box="[259,421,1943,1964]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Pluteaceae" genus="Pluteus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="4" pageNumber="185" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="keselakii"> <taxonomicName id="4C2B4D04FFC9FFC7FEF764BEFE75F835" box="[259,421,1943,1964]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Pluteaceae" genus="Pluteus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="4" pageNumber="185" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="keselakii">

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<mods:title id="AFF4F230AD8E5E925B651952033C8BC2">Taxonomic studies on Ophiorrhiza in Vietnam I: Ophiorrhiza hiepii and O. hainanensis, a new species and new record from northern Vietnam</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C28B370E0BA969CCEBF92FB7E14BD49E">Liu, Wen-Jian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="140B44C097B76E59765994A2E106BE55">Gao, Qi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9B3ADB5E8397A9B2C7AD3C9377227B24">Nguyen, Khang Sinh</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B46F981780C03EC43E9F3B3392E7A486">Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Vietnam, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, - 100000, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DF1E2A65ECD1D6F339F97553742F35C3">Wu, Lei</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D22FF95FF0ADBF3B5DE16D3" ID-CoL="9V4X6" authority="L. Wu, Q. Gao &amp; K.S. Nguyen" authorityName="L. Wu, Q. Gao &amp; K. S. Nguyen. A. Habit" authorityYear="2020" box="[136,705,468,495]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ophiorrhiza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hiepii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D22FF95FF0ADBF3B64116D3" bold="true" box="[136,350,468,495]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Ophiorrhiza hiepii</emphasis>
L. Wu, Q. Gao &amp; K.S. Nguyen
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,
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(
<figureCitation id="131C73843D22FF95FCB1DBF3B46916D2" box="[819,886,468,494]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[136,229,1992,2014]" captionTargetBox="[189,1395,629,1965]" captionTargetId="figure-129@1.[170,1416,624,1965]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Ophiorrhiza hiepii L. Wu, Q. Gao &amp; K.S. Nguyen. A. Habit; B. Leaf, upper portion in adaxially view, lower portion in abaxially view. C. Stipule; D. Opened short-styled flower; E. Opened long-styled flowers; F. Infructescence in side view. Drawn from the holotype by Bi-Shan Li." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876773" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876773/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131C73843D22FF95FC06DBF3B48E16D2" box="[900,913,468,494]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1708,1730]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[151,1436,190,1684]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ophiorrhiza hiepii L.Wu, Q. Gao &amp; K.S. Nguyen.A.Habit; B. Flowers in side view; C. Inflorescencesin side view; D. Opened short-styled flower; E. Opened long-styled flowers; F. Infructescence in side view. O. subrubescens Drake. G. Habit; H. Inflorescences in side view; I. Opened short-styled flower; k. Opened long-styled. Scales: B, D, E=5 mm, C, F, H, I, K=1 cm. Photographed by L. Wu and K.S. NGUYEN." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876775/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">2</figureCitation>
A-F)
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<emphasis id="B953B3133D22FF95FF0ADBDFB7D3152E" bold="true" box="[136,204,504,530]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Type:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="F3302F913D22FF95FF6BDBDFB672152E" box="[233,365,504,530]" name="Vietnam" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">VIETNAM</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49E3A1E33D22FF95FEF4DBDEB566152E" box="[374,633,504,531]" country="Vietnam" name="Tuyen Quang" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Tuyen Quang province</collectingRegion>
: Na Hang District,
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,
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, alt.
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, stream sides or wet places on the slopes under the densely evergreen broad-leaved forest,
<date id="FF9949C13D22FF95FC71D83BB395150A" box="[1011,1162,540,567]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" value="2018-06-20">20 June 2018</date>
(fl.),
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Lei Wu, Qi Gao, Su Juan Wei, Van Dzu Nguyen &amp; Thinh,
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0025
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(
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:
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[063690],
<typeStatus id="549CD1A33D22FF95FC3CD867B3011566" box="[958,1054,576,602]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
:
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, more than ten duplicates).
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<paragraph id="8B986F013D22FF95FF0ADDEFB66E1F1B" blockId="1.[136,1452,1992,2087]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D22FF95FF0ADDEFB61F10E1" bold="true" box="[136,256,1992,2014]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D22FF95FE8ADDEEB47D10E3" authority="L. Wu, Q. Gao &amp; K. S. Nguyen. A. Habit" authorityName="L. Wu, Q. Gao &amp; K. S. Nguyen. A. Habit" authorityYear="2020" box="[264,866,1993,2015]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ophiorrhiza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hiepii">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D22FF95FE8ADDEEB6A110E2" box="[264,446,1993,2014]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Ophiorrhiza hiepii</emphasis>
L. Wu, Q. Gao &amp; K.S. Nguyen. A. Habit
</taxonomicName>
; B. Leaf, upper portion in adaxially view, lower portion in abaxially view. C. Stipule; D. Opened short-styled flower; E. Opened long-styled flowers; F. Infructescence in side view. Drawn from the holotype by Bi-Shan Li.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<paragraph id="8B986F013D21FF96FF0ADC8BB63A1011" blockId="2.[136,1452,1708,1837]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D21FF96FF0ADC8BB7E311FD" bold="true" box="[136,252,1708,1730]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D21FF96FE82DC8BB42F11FE" authority="L. Wu, Q. Gao &amp; K. S. Nguyen. A. Habit" authorityName="L. Wu, Q. Gao &amp; K. S. Nguyen. A. Habit" authorityYear="2020" box="[256,816,1708,1730]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ophiorrhiza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hiepii">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D21FF96FE82DC8BB6AD11FD" box="[256,434,1708,1729]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Ophiorrhiza hiepii</emphasis>
L. Wu, Q. Gao &amp; K.S. Nguyen.A. Habit
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; B. Flowers in side view; C. Inflorescences in side view; D. Opened short-styled flower; E. Opened long-styled flowers; F. Infructescence in side view.
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D21FF96FC20DCF6B3FE11DA" authority="Drake. G. Habit" authorityName="Drake. G. Habit" authorityYear="1895" box="[930,1249,1744,1766]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ophiorrhiza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="subrubescens">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D21FF96FC20DCF6B35F11D9" box="[930,1088,1744,1766]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">O. subrubescens</emphasis>
Drake. G. Habit
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; H. Inflorescences in side view; I. Opened short-styled flower; k. Opened long-styled. Scales: B, D, E=5 mm, C, F, H, I, K=1 cm. Photographed by L. Wu and K.S. NGUYEN.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C33D3C8A3D21FF97FF3FDD7BB33D1099" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" type="diagnosis">
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<emphasis id="B953B3133D21FF96FF3FDD7BB625104A" bold="true" box="[189,314,1884,1910]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
—Similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D21FF96FE52DD7AB4C9104B" authority="Drake (1895: 215)" authorityName="Drake. G. Habit" authorityPageNumber="215" authorityYear="1895" box="[464,982,1884,1911]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ophiorrhiza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="subrubescens">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D21FF96FE52DD7AB5E5104B" box="[464,762,1885,1911]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Ophiorrhiza subrubescens</emphasis>
Drake (1895: 215)
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in its heterostylous flowers, bract shape, corolla shape and indumentum inside the corolla, but differing in plant stature and branching (in
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D21FF96FB3DDDA6B23E10A7" authorityName="L. Wu, Q. Gao &amp; K. S. Nguyen. A. Habit" authorityYear="2020" box="[1215,1313,1921,1947]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ophiorrhiza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hiepii">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D21FF96FB3DDDA6B23E10A7" box="[1215,1313,1921,1947]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">O. hiepii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
up to
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tall and usually unbranched vs. in
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D21FF96FD88DD82B5DB1083" authorityName="Drake. G. Habit" authorityYear="1895" box="[522,708,1957,1983]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ophiorrhiza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="subrubescens">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D21FF96FD88DD82B5DB1083" box="[522,708,1957,1983]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">O. subrubescens</emphasis>
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up to
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tall and 3–5 or sometimes to 8-branched), number of secondary veins (5–8 pairs vs. 7–10 pairs), inflorescence structure (cyme umbelliform and sub-congested vs. racemose and comparatively lax), corolla tube length (
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D21FF96FDFCDDCAB5F41F3B" box="[638,747,2029,2055]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="9.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="8.0">8–10 mm</quantity>
long vs.
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D21FF96FCD6DDCAB4D11F3B" box="[852,974,2029,2055]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="12.0" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="10.0">10–14 mm</quantity>
long) and length of stigma lobes of short-styled flowers (ca.
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D21FF96FEDFD237B6AC1F17" box="[349,435,2064,2091]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
long vs. ca.
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D21FF96FDC2D236B59E1F17" box="[576,641,2065,2091]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
long).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF583F893D20FF97FF0ADF20B4D8127D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876777" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13876777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876777/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" startId="3.[136,229,1287,1309]" targetBox="[177,1383,190,1251]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B986F013D20FF97FF0ADF20B4D8127D" blockId="3.[136,1451,1287,1345]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D20FF97FF0ADF20B7E11220" bold="true" box="[136,254,1287,1309]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D20FF97FE87DF20B5D11221" authority="Y. C. Tseng. A. Habit" authorityName="Y. C. Tseng. A. Habit" authorityYear="1974" box="[261,718,1287,1309]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ophiorrhiza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hainanensis">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D20FF97FE87DF20B6EA1220" box="[261,501,1287,1308]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Ophiorrhiza hainanensis</emphasis>
Y. C. Tseng. A. Habit
</taxonomicName>
; B. Flower in side view; C. Flower in face view; D. Opened flower. Drawn from
<emphasis id="B953B3133D20FF97FF3FDF0BB42C127C" box="[189,819,1323,1345]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Lei Wu, Qi Gao, Su Juan Wei, Van Dzu Nguyen &amp; Thinh, VN0001</emphasis>
by Bi-Shan Li.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B986F013D20FF97FF3FDF48B23610BD" blockId="3.[136,1452,1391,2066]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">
Herbs, weak to sub-erect, to
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D20FF97FD8CDF48B54912B6" box="[526,598,1391,1418]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" unit="cm" value="45.0">45 cm</quantity>
tall; stems puberulent. Leaves usually in obviously unequal pairs; petiole
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D20FF97FF0ADFB4B61B1292" box="[136,260,1427,1454]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" unit="cm" value="0.9" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.3">0.3–1.5 cm</quantity>
long, puberulent; blade drying papery, adaxially dark green to green, abaxially pale green, obovate-elliptic, elliptic or ovate, 2.2–9.5 ×
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D20FF97FE42DF90B55E12EE" box="[448,577,1463,1490]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" unit="cm" value="2.8" valueMax="3.8" valueMin="1.8">1.8–3.8 cm</quantity>
, base cuneate to round, or sometimes truncated, margins entire, apex shortly acuminate, both surface glabrous, or abaxially pilosulous along principal veins; secondary veins 5–8 pairs; stipules usually persistent, broad ovate-triangular, apex acute, sparsely puberulent. Cyme umbelliform, terminal or sometimes axillary, drooping when young but sub-erect at anthesis, several to many flowered, sub-congested, puberulent; peduncles
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D20FF97FF0ADC60B7EA115E" box="[136,245,1607,1634]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" unit="cm" value="2.75" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.0">2–3.5 cm</quantity>
, puberulent; bracts subulate,
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D20FF97FDC7DC60B5A5115E" box="[581,698,1607,1634]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" unit="mm" value="3.75" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="2.0">2–5.5 mm</quantity>
long, puberulent. Flowers distylous, 5-merous. Calyx puberulent; hypanthium broadly compressed turbinate, 1.6–2.2 ×
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D20FF97FD5DDC4CB44B11BA" box="[735,852,1643,1670]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" unit="mm" value="2.75" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3 mm</quantity>
; lobes broadly triangular, to ca.
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D20FF97FB39DC4CB20E11BA" box="[1211,1297,1643,1670]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
long. Corolla tubular, puberulent outside, tube
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D20FF97FE7CDCA8B5751196" box="[510,618,1679,1706]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" unit="mm" value="9.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="8.0">8–10 mm</quantity>
long, slender, slightly inflated at base; lobes elliptic-triangular, 2.8–3.2 × ca.
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D20FF97FF2CDC94B61911F2" box="[174,262,1715,1742]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
; stamens 5; stigmas bilobed. Long-styled form: corolla tube inside with a pubescent ring of long hair above the middle and puberulent above middle and onto lobes; anthers oblong, ca.
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D20FF97FC60DCF0B32711CE" box="[994,1080,1751,1778]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
long, inserted near the middle of the corolla tubes; stigma positioned at the throat, lobes oblong, ca.
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D20FF97FCEDDCDCB4DA102A" box="[879,965,1787,1814]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
long. Short-styled form: corolla tube inside pubescent near the lower 1/3 and puberulent above middle and onto lobes; anthers linear narrowly oblong, ca. 2.0 mm long, positioned near the throat of the corolla tubes; stigma inserted a little below the middle of the corolla tubes, lobes lanceolate, ca.
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D20FF97FEACDD40B69B10BE" box="[302,388,1895,1922]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
long. Capsules obcordate, ca. 3–4.5 ×
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D20FF97FCB5DD40B4B410BE" box="[823,939,1895,1922]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" unit="mm" value="7.25" valueMax="8.5" valueMin="6.0">6–8.5 mm</quantity>
, puberulent. Seeds many, angular.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B986F013D20FF97FF3FDDACB33D1099" blockId="3.[136,1452,1391,2066]" box="[189,1058,1931,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D20FF97FF3FDDACB65C1099" bold="true" box="[189,323,1931,1957]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Phenology:</emphasis>
—Flowers from March to June; fruits from April to possibly July.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D3C8A3D20FF90FF3FDD88B62F17E0" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B986F013D20FF97FF3FDD88B38110D1" blockId="3.[136,1452,1391,2066]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D20FF97FF3FDD88B65710F5" bold="true" box="[189,328,1967,1993]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Etymology:</emphasis>
—The specific epithet is derived from the name of Dr. Nguyen Tien Hiep, the famous botanist of
<collectingCountry id="F3302F913D20FF97FF0ADDF4B7F510D1" box="[136,234,2003,2029]" name="Vietnam" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, who has been devoted to the plant research and botanical conservation for
<collectingCountry id="F3302F913D20FF97FBB5DDF4B38510D1" box="[1079,1178,2003,2029]" name="Vietnam" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B986F013D20FF90FF3FDDD0B62F17E0" blockId="3.[136,1452,1391,2066]" lastBlockId="4.[136,1452,158,473]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D20FF97FF3FDDD0B6AB1F2D" bold="true" box="[189,436,2039,2065]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Conservation status:</emphasis>
—Because no special exploration was carried out to study its distribution, this species was expectedly regarded as a plant meeting criteria of “data deficit” (DD) in terms of the IUCN Red list categories and criteria (2016).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D3C8A3D27FF91FF3FDAC1B4B41618" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="4" pageNumber="69" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B986F013D27FF90FF3FDAC1B6F116E4" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,473]" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D27FF90FF3FDAC1B6F7163C" bold="true" box="[189,488,230,256]" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">Distribution and habitat:</emphasis>
—
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D27FF90FD86DAC1B5CB163C" authorityName="L. Wu, Q. Gao &amp; K. S. Nguyen. A. Habit" authorityYear="2020" box="[516,724,230,256]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ophiorrhiza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hiepii">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D27FF90FD86DAC1B5CB163C" box="[516,724,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">Ophiorrhiza hiepii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is known so far from two populations, which are ca.
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D27FF90FAA6DAC1B275163C" box="[1316,1386,230,256]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="69" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
away from each other by north-west direction, in Na Hang and Lam Binh Districts of
<collectingRegion id="49E3A1E33D27FF90FBAFDB2CB2271618" box="[1069,1336,266,293]" country="Vietnam" name="Tuyen Quang" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">Tuyen Quang Province</collectingRegion>
, Northern
<collectingCountry id="F3302F913D27FF90FF0ADB09B7F41674" box="[136,235,302,328]" name="Vietnam" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
. The new species usually grows at an elevation of
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D27FF90FCB7DB09B4A91675" box="[821,950,302,329]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="69" unit="m" value="325.0" valueMax="400.0" valueMin="250.0">250–400 m</quantity>
a.s.l., under the remnant primary evergreen broad-leaved forests on limestone mountains typically with
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D27FF90FCC0DB75B7E516AC" authority="(A. Chiev.) H. T. Chang &amp; R. H. Miao" authorityName="H. T. Chang &amp; R. H. Miao" baseAuthorityName="A. Chiev." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Excentrodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="4" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tonkinense">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D27FF90FCC0DB75B39A1650" box="[834,1157,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">Excentrodendron tonkinense</emphasis>
(A.Chiev.) H.T.Chang &amp; R.H.Miao
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D27FF90FE8BDB50B68016AD" box="[265,415,375,401]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D27FF90FE8BDB50B67216AD" box="[265,365,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">Garcinia</emphasis>
spp
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D27FF90FE2CDB51B31C16AC" authority="Y. M. Shui &amp; W. H. Chen" authorityName="Y. M. Shui &amp; W. H. Chen" box="[430,1027,374,400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Rothmannia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="daweishanensis">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D27FF90FE2CDB51B5EF16AC" box="[430,752,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">Rothmannia daweishanensis</emphasis>
Y.M.Shui &amp; W.H.Chen
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D27FF90FB93DB51B2B716AC" authority="(S. Vidal) Corner" authorityName="Corner" baseAuthorityName="S. Vidal" box="[1041,1448,374,400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Streblus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="4" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ilicifolius">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D27FF90FB93DB51B3C016AC" box="[1041,1247,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">Streblus ilicifolius</emphasis>
(S.Vidal) Corner
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D27FF90FF0ADBBDB6C51688" authority="A. DC." authorityName="A. DC." box="[136,474,410,436]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Alphonsea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="4" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tonkinensis">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D27FF90FF0ADBBDB69D1688" box="[136,386,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">Alphonsea tonkinensis</emphasis>
A. DC.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D27FF90FE67DBBDB5901689" box="[485,655,410,437]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D27FF90FE67DBBDB5471688" box="[485,600,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">Aspidistra</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D27FF90FD1BDBBCB4211689" box="[665,830,411,437]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balsaminaceae" genus="Impatiens" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="4" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D27FF90FD1BDBBCB4181688" box="[665,775,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">Impatiens</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D27FF90FCCBDBBCB4C41689" box="[841,987,411,437]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="4" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D27FF90FCCBDBBCB4B91688" box="[841,934,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">Begonia</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D27FF90FC65DBBDB3AF1689" box="[999,1200,410,437]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Strobilanthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D27FF90FC65DBBDB3641688" box="[999,1147,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">Strobilanthes</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D27FF90FB3FDBBDB7F416E5" authority="C. M. Hu" authorityName="C. M. Hu" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Lysimachia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="4" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="baviensis">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D27FF90FB3FDBBDB2B41688" box="[1213,1451,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">Lysimachia baviensis</emphasis>
C.M. Hu
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D27FF90FEA3DB98B6F116E4" authority="Hemsl." authorityName="Hemsl." box="[289,494,446,472]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Lysimachia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="4" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D27FF90FEA3DB98B68916E4" box="[289,406,447,472]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">L. insignis</emphasis>
Hemsl.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF583F893D27FF90FF0ADDBDB55410C4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876781" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13876781" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876781/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="69" startId="4.[136,229,1946,1968]" targetBox="[151,1436,497,1922]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B986F013D27FF90FF0ADDBDB55410C4" blockId="4.[136,1452,1946,2041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D27FF90FF0ADDBDB7E11093" bold="true" box="[136,254,1946,1968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D27FF90FE87DDBCB5D2108D" authority="Y. C. Tseng. A. Habit" authorityName="Y. C. Tseng. A. Habit" authorityYear="1974" box="[261,717,1947,1969]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ophiorrhiza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hainanensis">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D27FF90FE87DDBCB6EA108C" box="[261,501,1947,1968]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">Ophiorrhiza hainanensis</emphasis>
Y. C. Tseng. A. Habit
</taxonomicName>
; B. inflorescence in side view; C. Opened flower; D. Infructescence in side view.
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D27FF90FF42DD98B52C10E9" authority="C. B. Clarke ex J. D. Hooker" authorityName="J. D. Hooker" box="[192,563,1983,2005]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ophiorrhiza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nutans">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D27FF90FF42DD98B60310E8" box="[192,284,1983,2004]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">O. nutans</emphasis>
C. B. Clarke ex J. D. Hooker
</taxonomicName>
: E. habit; F. inflorescence in side view; G. Opened long-styled flower; H. Opened short-styled flower. Scales: 5 mm. Photographed by L. Wu.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B986F013D26FF91FF3FDAB9B4B41618" blockId="5.[136,1451,158,295]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D26FF91FF3FDAB9B5DB1784" bold="true" box="[189,708,158,184]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">
Additional specimen examined (
<typeStatus id="549CD1A33D26FF91FDB8DAB9B5A81784" box="[570,695,158,184]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
):
</emphasis>
—
<materialsCitation id="3B4F655C3D26FF91FD63DAB9B5E3163C" collectingDate="2019-04-09" collectionCode="CSFI, HN" country="Vietnam" county="Lam Binh District" elevation="350" latitude="22.501944" location="Deo But-Nhieu Lai" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="105.32389" municipality="Thuong Lam Commune" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" specimenCode="NSK 1224" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tuyen Quang">
<collectingCountry id="F3302F913D26FF91FD63DAB9B47A1784" box="[737,869,158,184]" name="Vietnam" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">VIETNAM</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49E3A1E33D26FF91FCECDAB8B36D1784" box="[878,1138,158,185]" country="Vietnam" name="Tuyen Quang" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Tuyen Quang province</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="62F9178D3D26FF91FBFFDAB8B2551784" box="[1149,1354,158,185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Lam Binh District</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCF57B3D26FF91FAD6DAB9B62617E0" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Thuong Lam Commune</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EF839DA3D26FF91FEC1DAE4B50617E0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038EDE173D22FF91FF0ADBF3B4B41618:8EF839DA3D26FF91FEC1DAE4B50617E0" box="[323,537,194,221]" country="Vietnam" county="Lam Binh District" latitude="22.501944" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="105.32389" municipality="Thuong Lam Commune" name="Deo But-Nhieu Lai" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" stateProvince="Tuyen Quang">Deo But-Nhieu Lai</location>
route, at elevation of
<elevation id="000A88323D26FF91FC8BDAE5B49517E0" box="[777,906,194,221]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="350.0">
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D26FF91FC8BDAE5B45017E1" box="[777,847,194,221]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="350.0">350 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
, around point
<geoCoordinate id="EE1309C63D26FF91FBABDAE4B3A917E3" box="[1065,1206,195,223]" degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" precision="15" seconds="07" value="22.501944">N 22°30′07″</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1309C63D26FF91FB43DAE3B24B17E3" box="[1217,1364,196,223]" degrees="105" direction="east" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" precision="15" seconds="26" value="105.32389">E105°19′26″</geoCoordinate>
,
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Khang Sinh Nguyen et al.
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, at elevation of
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a.s.l.
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, around point
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,
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Khang Sinh Nguyen et al.,
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(
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)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

336
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<mods:title id="4EDB57D5313A694389B93332DDE9D39A">Taxonomic studies on Ophiorrhiza in Vietnam I: Ophiorrhiza hiepii and O. hainanensis, a new species and new record from northern Vietnam</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D26FF91FF0AD9F9B5A314C6" ID-CoL="49ZCL" authority="Y. C. Tseng (1974: 582)" authorityName="Y. C. Tseng. A. Habit" authorityPageNumber="582" authorityYear="1974" box="[136,700,990,1018]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ophiorrhiza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hainanensis">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D26FF91FF0AD9F9B6B614C5" bold="true" box="[136,425,990,1017]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Ophiorrhiza hainanensis</emphasis>
Y. C.
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(
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&amp;
<figureCitation id="131C73843D26FF91FCB3D9F8B46814C5" box="[817,887,991,1017]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1946,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,497,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-146@4.[151,1436,497,1922]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ophiorrhiza hainanensis Y. C. Tseng. A. Habit; B. inflorescence in side view; C. Opened flower; D. Infructescence in side view. O. nutans C. B. Clarke ex J. D. Hooker: E. habit; F. inflorescence in side view; G. Opened long-styled flower; H. Opened short-styled flower. Scales: 5 mm. Photographed by L. Wu." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876781" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876781/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">4A–D</figureCitation>
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:
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—
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.
<collectingRegion id="49E3A1E33D26FF91FECDDE24B5111321" box="[335,526,1027,1053]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Hainan province</collectingRegion>
: Qiongzhong county, Wuzhi mountain, alt.
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, wet places,
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(fr.),
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(
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:
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[0473465]!).
</paragraph>
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Herbs, ascending,
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tall; stems puberulent with unicellular trichomes. Leaves in subequal pairs; petiole
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, puberulent; blade drying thinly papery, adaxially dark green, abaxially pale green, elliptic to ovate, 4.5–13 ×
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D26FF91FF1CDEB4B6021391" box="[158,285,1171,1198]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" unit="cm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="2.5">2.5–5.5 cm</quantity>
, adaxially glabrous, abaxially pilosulous along principal veins, base obtuse to acute, margins entire, apex acuminate to shortly caudate; secondary veins 7–13 pairs; stipules persistent, triangular, usually 2-lobed; lobe
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D26FF91FAF1DE90B7AB13C9" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="3.0">3–10 mm</quantity>
long, aristate-acuminate. Inflorescence congested-cymose, several flowered, puberulent; peduncles
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, stout; bracts narrowly oblong,
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, viscid ciliate. Flowers homostylous with stigma and anther both included at or a little above the middle of corolla tube. Calyx sparsely puberulent; hypanthium 1.8–2.2 ×
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D26FF91FB7FDF04B27E1201" box="[1277,1377,1315,1341]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
; lobes triangular, to ca.
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D26FF91FECDDF60B689125D" box="[335,406,1351,1377]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
. Corolla tubular, glabrous outside, densely pubescent at throat of corolla tube inside; tube
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D26FF91FF0ADF4CB7F912B9" box="[136,230,1387,1414]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.0">5–8 mm</quantity>
long; lobes triangular-ovate, 1.8–2.2 × ca.
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D26FF91FD52DF4CB43412B9" box="[720,811,1387,1414]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
. Stamens 5; anthers
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D26FF91FB96DF4CB38312B9" box="[1044,1180,1387,1413]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.6 mm</quantity>
long, linear, dorsifixed, dehiscing longitudinally. Stigmas 2-lobed; lobe lanceolate, ca.
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. Capsules obcordate, ca. 3–5 ×
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, sparsely puberulent. Seeds many, angular.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B986F013D26FF91FF3FDFF0B4B112CD" blockId="5.[136,1452,1027,2061]" box="[189,942,1495,1521]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D26FF91FF3FDFF0B65C12CD" bold="true" box="[189,323,1495,1521]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Phenology:</emphasis>
—Flowering March to June, fruiting July to December.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B986F013D26FF91FF3FDFDDB3AA1161" blockId="5.[136,1452,1027,2061]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D26FF91FF3FDFDDB6AE1129" bold="true" box="[189,433,1530,1557]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Conservation status:</emphasis>
—Because the populations found in
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and
<collectingCountry id="F3302F913D26FF91FC4FDFDCB30F1129" box="[973,1040,1531,1557]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">China</collectingCountry>
are with large numbers of individuals and distributed in protected areas, we estimate that this species will not become extinct. Thus, following the
<collectionCode id="ED36F7C43D26FF91FABFDC38B29E1105" box="[1341,1409,1567,1593]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">IUCN</collectionCode>
red list categories and criteria (2016), the conservation status of this species is Least Concern (
<collectionCode id="ED36F7C43D26FF91FB02DC64B3B61161" box="[1152,1193,1603,1629]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">LC</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B986F013D26FF91FF3FDC41B40311D1" blockId="5.[136,1452,1027,2061]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D26FF91FF3FDC41B66B11BD" bold="true" box="[189,372,1638,1665]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Specimen data:</emphasis>
―
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<collectingCountry id="F3302F913D26FF91FE10DC40B50911BD" box="[402,534,1639,1665]" name="Vietnam" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">VIETNAM</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49E3A1E33D26FF91FD9CDC40B41F11BD" box="[542,768,1639,1665]" country="Vietnam" name="Vinh Phuc" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Vinh Phuc Province</collectingRegion>
:
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,
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,
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, alt.
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<elevation id="000A88323D26FF91FAF1DC40B7BF1199" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.049" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="1049.0">1049 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
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<collectingDate id="EFDDB0293D26FF91FF29DCACB6761199" box="[171,361,1675,1702]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" value="2017-10-25">25 October 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B953B3133D26FF91FEF6DCABB3071199" box="[372,1048,1675,1701]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">
<collectorName id="26D20AD73D26FF91FEF6DCABB51D1199" box="[372,514,1676,1701]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Nian He Xia</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26D20AD73D26FF91FD8EDCABB59A1199" box="[524,645,1676,1701]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Jing Bo Ni</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26D20AD73D26FF91FD12DCABB4061199" box="[656,793,1676,1701]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Yi Hua Tong</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26D20AD73D26FF91FCBEDCABB4861199" box="[828,921,1676,1701]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Xi Rong</collectorName>
, TYH-1325
</emphasis>
(
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,
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)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F655C3D26FF91FB44DCACB66611D1" collectingDate="2018-05-18" collectorName="Lei Wu &amp; Qi Gao &amp; Su Juan Wei &amp; Van Dzu Nguyen &amp; Thinh" country="Vietnam" elevation="950" latitude="21.46061" location="Tam Dao National Park" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="105.648926" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Vinh Phuc">
<collectingRegion id="49E3A1E33D26FF91FB44DCACB2B81199" box="[1222,1447,1675,1701]" country="Vietnam" name="Vinh Phuc" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Vinh Phuc Province</collectingRegion>
,
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,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1309C63D26FF91FDD0DC97B41811F7" box="[594,775,1712,1739]" degrees="105" direction="east" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" precision="1" seconds="56.13" value="105.648926">105°38′56.13″E</geoCoordinate>
, alt.
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D26FF91FCBEDC88B49B11F5" box="[828,900,1711,1738]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="950.0">
<elevation id="000A88323D26FF91FCBEDC88B49B11F5" box="[828,900,1711,1738]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="950.0">950 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FF9949C13D26FF91FC0DDC88B33911F5" box="[911,1062,1711,1737]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" value="2018-05-18">
<collectingDate id="EFDDB0293D26FF91FC0DDC88B33911F5" box="[911,1062,1711,1737]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" value="2018-05-18">18 May 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B953B3133D26FF91FBB3DC97B66611D1" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">
<collectorName id="26D20AD73D26FF91FBB3DC97B39E11F5" box="[1073,1153,1712,1737]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Lei Wu</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26D20AD73D26FF91FB0EDC88B3FE11F5" box="[1164,1249,1711,1737]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Qi Gao</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26D20AD73D26FF91FB6EDC88B26811F5" box="[1260,1399,1711,1737]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Su Juan Wei</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26D20AD73D26FF91FA03DC97B60D11D1" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Van Dzu Nguyen</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26D20AD73D26FF91FEB7DCF4B66611D1" box="[309,377,1747,1773]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Thinh</collectorName>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="B953B3133D26FF91FEF8DCF4B66111D1" box="[378,382,1747,1773]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">,</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B4F655C3D26FF91FE07DCF4B40B11D1" box="[389,788,1747,1773]" collectionCode="CSFI, HN" country="Vietnam" location="VN" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D26FF91FE07DCF4B6FF11D1" box="[389,480,1747,1773]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">
<collectingCountry id="F3302F913D26FF91FE07DCF4B6B511D1" box="[389,426,1747,1773]" name="Vietnam" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">VN</collectingCountry>
0001
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED36F7C43D26FF91FE72DCF4B53011D1" box="[496,559,1747,1773]" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12768" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12768" name="Central-South Forestry University" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" type="Herbarium">CSFI</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED36F7C43D26FF91FDB8DCF4B57A11D1" box="[570,613,1747,1773]" country="Viet Nam" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13708" name="National Center for Natural Sciences and Technology" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" type="Herbarium">HN</collectionCode>
, ten duplicates)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D3C8A3D26FF92FF3FDCD1B319158C" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B986F013D26FF91FF3FDCD1B65A1F31" blockId="5.[136,1452,1027,2061]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D26FF91FF3FDCD1B624102C" bold="true" box="[189,315,1782,1808]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Discussion</emphasis>
:—
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D26FF91FEDDDCD0B564102D" authorityName="Y. C. Tseng. A. Habit" authorityYear="1974" box="[351,635,1783,1809]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ophiorrhiza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hainanensis">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D26FF91FEDDDCD0B564102D" box="[351,635,1783,1809]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Ophiorrhiza hainanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, previously known only from
<collectingCountry id="F3302F913D26FF91FC64DCD0B333102D" box="[998,1068,1783,1809]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">China</collectingCountry>
, was published by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB612F03D26FF91FA91DCD0B2B4102D" author="Tseng, Y. C." box="[1299,1451,1783,1809]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" refId="ref4268" refString="Tseng, Y. C. (1974) Ophiorrhiza. In: Guangdong Institute of Botany (Ed.) Flora of Hainan. Vol. 3. Science Press, Beijing, China, pp. 308 - 311." type="book" year="1974">Tseng (1974)</bibRefCitation>
based on five collections from Wuzhi mountain of central
<collectingRegion id="49E3A1E33D26FF91FCA3DD3CB46A1009" box="[801,885,1819,1845]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Hainan</collectingRegion>
, all of which are fruiting materials or with flower buds. However, the species is distinguishable by its persistent and triangular stipules with aristate-acuminate apex and congested-cymose infructescence with peduncles
<quantity id="4CDFC2E43D26FF91FD7ADD44B47B1041" box="[760,868,1891,1918]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" unit="cm" value="0.75" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1 cm</quantity>
long, elliptic-oblong to oblong bracts and several compressed capsules. During our plant surveys of Tam Dao National Park in
<collectingRegion id="49E3A1E33D26FF91FC78DDA0B3C0109D" box="[1018,1247,1927,1953]" country="Vietnam" name="Vinh Phuc" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Vinh Phuc Province</collectingRegion>
, both flowers and fruits of this species were discovered. Therefore, we report this species as a new record for the flora of
<collectingCountry id="F3302F913D26FF91FA9EDD8CB26410F9" box="[1308,1403,1963,1989]" name="Vietnam" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
and measured its mature flowers, which were totally unknown before, in the wild for the supplemental description of the floral characters.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B986F013D25FF92FF3FDAB9B319158C" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,689]" pageId="6" pageNumber="71">
Owing to their similar vegetative appearance as well as the insufficient information of
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D25FF92FB0DDAB8B2271784" authorityName="Y. C. Tseng. A. Habit" authorityYear="1974" box="[1167,1336,158,185]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ophiorrhiza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hainanensis">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D25FF92FB0DDAB8B2271784" box="[1167,1336,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="71">O. hainanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in flower, the relationship between
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D25FF92FE20DAE4B55417E0" authorityName="Y. C. Tseng. A. Habit" authorityYear="1974" box="[418,587,194,221]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ophiorrhiza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hainanensis">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D25FF92FE20DAE4B55417E0" box="[418,587,194,221]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="71">O. hainanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D25FF92FD03DAE5B23E17E0" authority="C. B. Clarke ex J. D. Hooker (1880: 84" authorityName="J. D. Hooker" authorityYear="1880" box="[641,1313,194,221]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ophiorrhiza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nutans">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D25FF92FD03DAE5B44117E0" box="[641,862,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="71">Ophiorrhiza nutans</emphasis>
C. B. Clarke ex J. D.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB612F03D25FF92FBD5DAE5B23E17E0" author="Hooker, J. D." box="[1111,1313,194,220]" pageId="6" pageNumber="71" refId="ref3609" refString="Hooker, J. D. (1880) Keenania. In: Hooker, J. D. (Ed.) Flora of British India. Vol. 3. Reeve &amp; co., London, 101 pp." type="book" year="1880">Hooker (1880: 84</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<figureCitation id="131C73843D25FF92FAAFDAE5B2BB17E0" box="[1325,1444,194,220]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1708,1730]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[151,1436,190,1684]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ophiorrhiza hiepii L.Wu, Q. Gao &amp; K.S. Nguyen.A.Habit; B. Flowers in side view; C. Inflorescencesin side view; D. Opened short-styled flower; E. Opened long-styled flowers; F. Infructescence in side view. O. subrubescens Drake. G. Habit; H. Inflorescences in side view; I. Opened short-styled flower; k. Opened long-styled. Scales: B, D, E=5 mm, C, F, H, I, K=1 cm. Photographed by L. Wu and K.S. NGUYEN." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876775/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="71">Fig. 2E–H</figureCitation>
) has always been confusing.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB612F03D25FF92FE49DAC0B521163C" author="Lo, H. S." box="[459,574,230,257]" pageId="6" pageNumber="71" pagination="110 - 174" refId="ref3740" refString="Lo, H. S. (1999) Ophiorrhiza, In: Lo, H. S. (Ed.) Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae. Vol. 71 (1). Science Press, Beijing, pp. 110 - 174." type="book chapter" year="1999">Lo (1999)</bibRefCitation>
differentiated these two taxa by the indumentum covering the plant and the number of the secondary veins, viz.
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D25FF92FD9DDB2CB5D71618" authorityName="Y. C. Tseng. A. Habit" authorityYear="1974" box="[543,712,266,293]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ophiorrhiza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hainanensis">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D25FF92FD9DDB2CB5D71618" box="[543,712,266,293]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="71">O. hainanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has unicellular pubescence on most surfaces of its plant parts and leaves with secondary veins 15–17 pairs while
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D25FF92FD18DB08B4181674" box="[666,775,303,329]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ophiorrhiza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nutans">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D25FF92FD18DB08B4181674" box="[666,775,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="71">O. nutans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has dense and multicellular trichomes and leaves with 9–15 pairs secondary veins.After examining specimens of both taxa, however,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB612F03D25FF92FC32DB74B3891650" author="Duan, L. D. &amp; Lin, Q." box="[944,1174,338,365]" pageId="6" pageNumber="71" pagination="870 - 879" refId="ref3485" refString="Duan, L. D. &amp; Lin, Q. (2007) Taxonomic notes on some species of Ophiorrhiza (Rubiaceae) from China. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 45: 870 - 879. https: // doi. org / 10.1360 / aps 06098" type="journal article" year="2007">Duan and Lin (2007)</bibRefCitation>
concluded that these two were conspecific because the range of variation of the above characters overlap with each other for some specimens, and hence
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D25FF92FF7DDBBCB6B81688" authorityName="Y. C. Tseng. A. Habit" authorityYear="1974" box="[255,423,410,437]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ophiorrhiza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hainanensis">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D25FF92FF7DDBBCB6B81688" box="[255,423,410,437]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="71">O. hainanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was reduced to a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D25FF92FD78DBBCB4781688" box="[762,871,411,437]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ophiorrhiza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nutans">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D25FF92FD78DBBCB4781688" box="[762,871,411,437]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="71">O. nutans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Despite noticing the revision work,
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D25FF92FA86DBBCB2B31688" authorityName="Y. C. Tseng. A. Habit" authorityYear="1974" box="[1284,1452,410,437]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ophiorrhiza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hainanensis">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D25FF92FA86DBBCB2B31688" box="[1284,1452,410,437]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="71">O. hainanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was provisionally retained as a different species from
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D25FF92FD72DB98B44016E4" box="[752,863,447,473]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ophiorrhiza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nutans">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D25FF92FD72DB98B44016E4" box="[752,863,447,473]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="71">O. nutans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the recently published work by
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, based on the color of the plant after drying and the distribution other than the diagnostic characters given by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB612F03D25FF92FA0EDBC4B7C9151C" author="Lo, H. S." pageId="6" pageNumber="71" pagination="110 - 174" refId="ref3740" refString="Lo, H. S. (1999) Ophiorrhiza, In: Lo, H. S. (Ed.) Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae. Vol. 71 (1). Science Press, Beijing, pp. 110 - 174." type="book chapter" year="1999">Lo (1999)</bibRefCitation>
. In the present study, we confirm that
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<emphasis id="B953B3133D25FF92FDF8D820B43D151C" box="[634,802,518,545]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="71">O. hainanensis</emphasis>
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and
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D25FF92FCD4D820B4DD151C" box="[854,962,519,545]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ophiorrhiza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nutans">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D25FF92FCD4D820B4DD151C" box="[854,962,519,545]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="71">O. nutans</emphasis>
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are two distinct species.
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D25FF92FB55D820B260151C" authorityName="Y. C. Tseng. A. Habit" authorityYear="1974" box="[1239,1407,518,545]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ophiorrhiza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hainanensis">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D25FF92FB55D820B260151C" box="[1239,1407,518,545]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="71">O. hainanensis</emphasis>
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can be recognized from
<taxonomicName id="4C2714823D25FF92FEE8D80CB6C71578" box="[362,472,555,581]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Ophiorrhiza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nutans">
<emphasis id="B953B3133D25FF92FEE8D80CB6C71578" box="[362,472,555,581]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="71">O. nutans</emphasis>
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by its peduncles which are
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long (vs.
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long), homostylous flowers (vs. distylous), stigma and anthers which are both included at or a little above the middle of corolla tube (vs. stigma at the throat while anthers a little below the middle of corolla tube in the long styled flower, and stigma inserted at 1/3 lower part while anthers near 2/3 upper part of corolla tube in the short styled flower).
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—
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, elev. ca.
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6165
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K-000669424!;
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412
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<mods:number id="19C9E9FE07B6C655C022CD1CAE58B06C">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="E89EBAC8C0C5AEC1416C604637FE746C" unit="page">
<mods:start id="EDE877904A7C6DADE62685C36CCDE42A">47</mods:start>
<mods:end id="7D1401F1222F45BDF8ED5846D9F442B2">64</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="A9B32AA3EC60CF2D79B221B5F375FA49">
<mods:url id="D4FD73BF140F71DEFA3947EA8FF16C88">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.432.1.5</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="59CD513C0C776A48E4505AB82152AFC7">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="DE7C3178E9C2CE56940C01B1C729C45A" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.432.1.5</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="AC152B0E37AEEC5FCCD40F7C6DBFC57E" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0AD5E84C2F2EABB274292FBECB097B1B" type="Zenodo-Dep">13876650</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03B587AEFFE3FFC239BCFC88D1828DC1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876668" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13876668" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AEFFE3FFC239BCFC88D1828DC1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587AEFFE3FFC239BCFC88D1828DC1" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
<subSubSection id="C3066533FFE3FFC239BCFC88D2F18965" box="[136,949,805,832]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA336B8FFE3FFC239BCFC88D2F18965" blockId="12.[136,949,805,832]" box="[136,949,805,832]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
<heading id="D0EB81D4FFE3FFC239BCFC88D2F18965" box="[136,949,805,832]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" reason="4">
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC239BCFC88D1D98965" bold="true" box="[136,157,806,832]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3BFFE3FFC23990FC8BD2558965" ID-CoL="7WQLT" authority="Pruesapan, S. Andrews &amp; D. A. Simpson" authorityName="Pruesapan, S. Andrews &amp; D. A. Simpson" box="[164,785,805,832]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aquifoliaceae" genus="Ilex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Aquifoliales" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pubifructa">
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC23990FC8BD0158965" bold="true" box="[164,337,805,832]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Ilex pubifructa</emphasis>
Pruesapan, S.Andrews &amp; D.A.Simpson
</taxonomicName>
(2017[21]: 1).
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066533FFE3FFC239BCFCDFD46E8FED" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA336B8FFE3FFC239BCFCDFD47D89A2" blockId="12.[136,1337,881,903]" box="[136,1337,881,903]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC239BCFCDFD18689A3" bold="true" box="[136,194,881,902]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Type:</emphasis>
—
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE5FFE3FFC239EFFCDCD47189A2" box="[219,1333,881,903]" collectingDate="1968-06-16" collectorName="Beusekom &amp; Phengkhlai" country="Thailand" location="Doi Pui" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Chiang Mai" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="F30B7628FFE3FFC239EFFCDCD01D89A2" box="[219,345,882,903]" name="Thailand" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">THAILAND</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49D8F85AFFE3FFC23856FCDFD09C89A2" box="[354,472,881,903]" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Chiang Mai</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="8EC36063FFE3FFC238D5FCDFD36989A2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AEFFE3FFC239BCFC88D1828DC1:8EC36063FFE3FFC238D5FCDFD36989A2" box="[481,557,881,903]" country="Thailand" name="Doi Pui" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" stateProvince="Chiang Mai">Doi Pui</location>
,
<date id="FFA21078FFE3FFC23B03FCDFD3FD89A2" box="[567,697,881,903]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" value="1968-06-16">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E990FFE3FFC23B03FCDFD3FD89A2" box="[567,697,881,903]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" value="1968-06-16">16 June 1968</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC23BF7FCDFD2A289A3" box="[707,998,881,903]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
<collectorName id="26E9536EFFE3FFC23BF7FCDFD26089A3" box="[707,804,881,902]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Beusekom</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26E9536EFFE3FFC23A77FCDFD2F489A3" box="[835,944,881,902]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Phengkhlai</collectorName>
1295
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="54A7881AFFE3FFC23AC7FCDFD50D89A2" box="[1011,1097,881,903]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
K;
<typeStatus id="54A7881AFFE3FFC23D58FCDFD5F589A2" box="[1132,1201,881,903]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" type="isotype">isotype</typeStatus>
L-0759074!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336B8FFE3FFC239BCFC18D5CA8F81" blockId="12.[136,1452,950,2020]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
Evergreen trees, up to
<quantity id="4CE49B5DFFE3FFC238B3FC18D08589F5" box="[391,449,950,976]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
tall. Twigs pubescent or later glabrescent (the male individuals are usually more densely pubescent than the female ones). Young branches green to blackish-green, turning black when dried; third- to fourth-year branches scattering with obvious lenticels and usually thinly fissured. Terminal buds ovate, usually densely pubescent. Petioles
<quantity id="4CE49B5DFFE3FFC23857FB8CD08E8E19" box="[355,458,1058,1085]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="cm" value="1.25" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–2 cm</quantity>
long; leaf blades leathery, obovate, broadly elliptic, or oblong-elliptic,
<quantity id="4CE49B5DFFE3FFC23DE9FB8CD4798E19" box="[1245,1341,1058,1084]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="14.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="cm" value="9.0" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="4.0">4–14 cm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CE49B5DFFE3FFC23CB5FB8CD1EE8E45" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="cm" value="4.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.0">2–6 cm</quantity>
broad, glabrous above and densely pubescent to glabrous below, midvein slightly sunken above, prominent below, lateral veins 7–13 pairs, obscure or slightly sunken above, sub-prominent below, reticulate veins usually obscure on both surfaces, base cuneate to round, margin crenate to obscure denticulate with very obscure teeth, apex obtuse to slightly rounded to rounded acute. Inflorescences: cymes, fasciculate; rachises and pedicels pubescent; flowers whitish or yellowish, 4-merous. Male inflorescences: cymes of order 2, 3-flowered; rachises
<quantity id="4CE49B5DFFE3FFC23D00FB78D5E58ED5" box="[1076,1185,1238,1265]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="5.0">5–20 mm</quantity>
; bracts deltoid; pedicels
<quantity id="4CE49B5DFFE3FFC239BCFB54D1AC8F31" box="[136,232,1274,1300]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
; bracteoles 2; calyx patelliform, ca.
<quantity id="4CE49B5DFFE3FFC23BB4FB54D3858F31" box="[640,705,1274,1300]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
in diam., 4-lobed; corolla ca.
<quantity id="4CE49B5DFFE3FFC23D27FB54D5108F31" box="[1043,1108,1274,1300]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
in diam., petals
<quantity id="4CE49B5DFFE3FFC23C3AFB54D42F8F31" box="[1294,1387,1274,1301]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
long; stamens as long as petals, anthers oblong; rudimentary ovary ovoid-conical. Female inflorescences: 1-flowered cymes; rachis
<quantity id="4CE49B5DFFE3FFC239E6FAECD07B8F79" box="[210,319,1346,1373]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="9.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="3.0">3–15 mm</quantity>
, pedicels
<quantity id="4CE49B5DFFE3FFC2389AFAECD34A8F79" box="[430,526,1346,1373]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2–5 mm</quantity>
; calyx and petals as in male flowers; sterile anthers sagittate; ovary ovoid, densely pubescent, stigma discoid. Fruit red when ripe, sub-globose, 6–7.5 ×
<quantity id="4CE49B5DFFE3FFC23A99FAC8D54B8FA5" box="[941,1039,1382,1409]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
, surface pubescent; pyrenes 4, subellipsoid, 3–6 ×
<quantity id="4CE49B5DFFE3FFC2380AFA24D0F68F81" box="[318,434,1418,1445]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5–4 mm</quantity>
, abaxially and laterally irregular sulcate, pitted, endocarp woody.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336B8FFE3FFC23989FA00D46E8FED" blockId="12.[136,1452,950,2020]" box="[189,1322,1454,1480]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC23989FA00D07D8FED" bold="true" box="[189,313,1454,1480]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Phenology</emphasis>
:—
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3BFFE3FFC2386AFA00D3408FED" box="[350,516,1454,1480]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aquifoliaceae" genus="Ilex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Aquifoliales" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pubifructa">
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC2386AFA00D3408FED" box="[350,516,1454,1480]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Ilex pubifructa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
flowers from March to April, its fruits ripen from August to September.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3066533FFE3FFC23989FA7FD1828DC1" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA336B8FFE3FFC23989FA7FD0AB8C11" blockId="12.[136,1452,950,2020]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC23989FA7FD0A98FCE" bold="true" box="[189,493,1489,1516]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
:—This species is currently found in southwestern
<collectingCountry id="F30B7628FFE3FFC23D66FA7CD5D18FC9" box="[1106,1173,1490,1516]" name="China" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49D8F85AFFE3FFC23D9DFA7CD4468FC9" box="[1193,1282,1490,1516]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
) and northern
<collectingCountry id="F30B7628FFE3FFC239BCFA58D1A88C35" box="[136,236,1526,1552]" name="Thailand" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Thailand</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49D8F85AFFE3FFC239CFFA58D0C08C35" box="[251,388,1526,1552]" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Chiang Mai</collectingRegion>
, Lampoon), where it grows in montane forest at elevation range
<quantity id="4CE49B5DFFE3FFC23D68FA58D5A98C35" box="[1116,1261,1526,1552]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1350.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="700.0">700–2000 m</quantity>
. The distribution information is showed in
<figureCitation id="13272A3DFFE3FFC23892F9B4D0AF8C11" box="[422,491,1562,1588]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1170,1192]" captionTargetBox="[168,1414,340,1122]" captionTargetId="figure-94@4.[151,1435,317,1145]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Distribution of Ilex denticulata, I. fargesii, I. pubifructa, and I. wattii based on specimen records and our filed investigation" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876658" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876658/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336B8FFE3FFC23989F993D4048D71" blockId="12.[136,1452,950,2020]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC23989F993D3788C72" bold="true" box="[189,572,1597,1623]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Additional specimens examined</emphasis>
:—
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE5FFE3FFC23B6AF990D4E38C59" collectingDate="2016-08-29" collectingDateMax="2018-04-06" collectingDateMin="2016-08-29" collectionCode="KUN" collectorName="Yang &amp; Jiang" country="China" elevation="1940" location="Kunming City" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
<collectingCountry id="F30B7628FFE3FFC23B6AF990D3F88C7D" box="[606,700,1598,1624]" name="China" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">CHINA</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC23BFCF990D2628C7D" bold="true" box="[712,806,1598,1624]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
<collectingRegion id="49D8F85AFFE3FFC23BFCF990D2628C7D" box="[712,806,1598,1624]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<location id="8EC36063FFE3FFC23A0CF990D2988C7D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AEFFE3FFC239BCFC88D1828DC1:8EC36063FFE3FFC23A0CF990D2988C7D" box="[824,988,1598,1624]" country="China" name="Kunming City" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" stateProvince="Yunnan">Kunming City</location>
, KIB (cultivated), elev.
<quantity id="4CE49B5DFFE3FFC23DC6F990D4088C7D" box="[1266,1356,1598,1624]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.94" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1940.0">
<elevation id="0031D18BFFE3FFC23DC6F990D4088C7D" box="[1266,1356,1598,1624]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.94" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1940.0">1940 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFA21078FFE3FFC23C6EF990D1878C59" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" value="2018-04-06">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E990FFE3FFC23C6EF990D1878C59" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" value="2018-04-06">6 April 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC239FAF9CDD0DB8C59" box="[206,415,1634,1660]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
Y.
<collectorName id="26E9536EFFE3FFC239DCF9CDD05B8C59" box="[232,287,1635,1660]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Yang</collectorName>
OYY00062
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD31FFE3FFC2389BF9CCD0818C59" box="[431,453,1634,1660]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
) &amp;
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC238C4F9CCD32D8C59" box="[496,617,1634,1660]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">OYY00063</emphasis>
(
<specimenCount id="9D1AFD31FFE3FFC23B4FF9CCD3C98C59" box="[635,653,1634,1660]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
) (
<collectionCode id="ED0DAE7DFFE3FFC23B92F9CCD3AC8C59" box="[678,744,1634,1660]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15842" name="Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" type="Herbarium">KUN</collectionCode>
), the same location,
<date id="FFA21078FFE3FFC23AF8F9CCD53B8C59" box="[972,1151,1634,1660]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" value="2016-08-29">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E990FFE3FFC23AF8F9CCD53B8C59" box="[972,1151,1634,1660]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" value="2016-08-29">29 August 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC23DBEF9CDD40A8C59" box="[1162,1358,1634,1660]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
L.
<collectorName id="26E9536EFFE3FFC23D93F9CDD5A18C59" box="[1191,1253,1635,1660]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Jiang</collectorName>
JL00467
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED0DAE7DFFE3FFC23C68F9CCD4DB8C59" box="[1372,1439,1634,1660]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15842" name="Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" type="Herbarium">KUN</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE5FFE3FFC239BCF928D5058C85" box="[136,1089,1670,1697]" collectingDate="2018-07-31" collectionCode="KUN" collectorName="Peng" country="China" county="Yimen County" elevation="1850" location="Yimen County" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
<collectingCounty id="62C24E34FFE3FFC239BCF928D0758C85" box="[136,305,1670,1696]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Yimen County</collectingCounty>
, elev. ca.
<quantity id="4CE49B5DFFE3FFC2389CF928D3468C85" box="[424,514,1670,1697]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1850.0">
<elevation id="0031D18BFFE3FFC2389CF928D3468C85" box="[424,514,1670,1697]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1850.0">1850 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFA21078FFE3FFC23B26F928D3E88C85" box="[530,684,1670,1696]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" value="2018-07-31">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E990FFE3FFC23B26F928D3E88C85" box="[530,684,1670,1696]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" value="2018-07-31">31 July 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC23B8FF929D2A78C85" box="[699,995,1670,1696]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
H.
<collectorName id="26E9536EFFE3FFC23BD4F929D25E8C85" box="[736,794,1671,1696]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Peng</collectorName>
et al. OYY00087
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED0DAE7DFFE3FFC23AC2F928D57D8C85" box="[1014,1081,1670,1696]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15842" name="Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" type="Herbarium">KUN</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE5FFE3FFC23D64F928D2DD8CE1" collectingDate="1941-03-19" collectorName="T. N. Liou" country="China" county="Jianshui County" location="Gantang" municipality="Pingjie-ba" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
<collectingCounty id="62C24E34FFE3FFC23D64F928D44E8C85" box="[1104,1290,1670,1696]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Jianshui County</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC7ACC2FFE3FFC23C2CF928D4CF8C85" box="[1304,1419,1670,1696]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Pingjie-ba</collectingMunicipality>
to
<location id="8EC36063FFE3FFC239BCF904D1AE8CE1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AEFFE3FFC239BCFC88D1828DC1:8EC36063FFE3FFC239BCF904D1AE8CE1" box="[136,234,1706,1732]" country="China" county="Jianshui County" municipality="Pingjie-ba" name="Gantang" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" stateProvince="Yunnan">Gantang</location>
, elev. unknown,
<date id="FFA21078FFE3FFC2389EF904D37B8CE1" box="[426,575,1706,1732]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" value="1941-03-19">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E990FFE3FFC2389EF904D37B8CE1" box="[426,575,1706,1732]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" value="1941-03-19">19 Mar 1941</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC23B78F905D2488CE1" box="[588,780,1706,1732]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
<collectorName id="26E9536EFFE3FFC23B78F905D3FA8CE1" box="[588,702,1707,1732]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">T. N. Liou</collectorName>
18356
</emphasis>
(IBSC, PE)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE5FFE3FFC23A91F904D2BC8CCD" collectingDate="1936-07" collectionCode="HUH" collectorName="Wang" country="China" county="Menghai (Fo-Hai) County" elevation="2000" location="Menghai (Fo-Hai) County" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
<collectingCounty id="62C24E34FFE3FFC23A91F904D58B8CE1" box="[933,1231,1706,1732]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Menghai (Fo-Hai) County</collectingCounty>
, elev.
<quantity id="4CE49B5DFFE3FFC23C23F904D4348CE1" box="[1303,1392,1706,1732]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="2000.0">
<elevation id="0031D18BFFE3FFC23C23F904D4348CE1" box="[1303,1392,1706,1732]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFA21078FFE3FFC23C49F904D1878CCD" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" value="1936-07">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E990FFE3FFC23C49F904D1878CCD" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" value="1936-07">July 1936</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC239F9F960D0DE8CCD" box="[205,410,1742,1768]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
C. W.
<collectorName id="26E9536EFFE3FFC2383BF961D00A8CCD" box="[271,334,1743,1768]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Wang</collectorName>
77406
</emphasis>
(A (
<collectionCode id="ED0DAE7DFFE3FFC238FEF960D3488CCD" box="[458,524,1742,1768]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">HUH</collectionCode>
), HIB, IBSC, KUN, LBG, NAS, PE, WUK)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE5FFE3FFC23D35F960D4058D29" collectingDate="1993-05-16" collectorName="J. F. Maxwell" country="Thailand" county="Banbahng Koom" elevation="1300" location="Doi Mon Angget" municipality="Yahog Moeun Subdistrict" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chiang Mai">
<collectingCountry id="F30B7628FFE3FFC23D35F960D5D18CCD" box="[1025,1173,1742,1768]" name="Thailand" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">THAILAND</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC23DAAF963D4688CC2" bold="true" box="[1182,1324,1741,1767]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
<collectingRegion id="49D8F85AFFE3FFC23DAAF963D4688CC2" box="[1182,1324,1741,1767]" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Chiang Mai</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCounty id="62C24E34FFE3FFC23C0EF960D1958D29" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Banbahng Koom</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC7ACC2FFE3FFC239E8F95CD0BB8D29" box="[220,511,1778,1804]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Yahog Moeun Subdistrict</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EC36063FFE3FFC23B38F95CD38A8D29" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AEFFE3FFC239BCFC88D1828DC1:8EC36063FFE3FFC23B38F95CD38A8D29" box="[524,718,1778,1804]" country="Thailand" county="Banbahng Koom" municipality="Yahog Moeun Subdistrict" name="Doi Mon Angget" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" stateProvince="Chiang Mai">Doi Mon Angget</location>
, elev.
<quantity id="4CE49B5DFFE3FFC23A23F95CD22B8D29" box="[791,879,1778,1804]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1300.0">
<elevation id="0031D18BFFE3FFC23A23F95CD22B8D29" box="[791,879,1778,1804]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1300.0">1300 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFA21078FFE3FFC23A48F95CD5528D29" box="[892,1046,1778,1804]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" value="1993-05-16">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E990FFE3FFC23A48F95CD5528D29" box="[892,1046,1778,1804]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" value="1993-05-16">16 May 1993</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC23D16F95DD4568D29" box="[1058,1298,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
<collectorName id="26E9536EFFE3FFC23D16F95DD5FF8D29" box="[1058,1211,1778,1804]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">J. F. Maxwell</collectorName>
93-435
</emphasis>
(L)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE5FFE3FFC23C7AF95CD57F8D15" collectingDate="1967-03-21" collectorName="Smitinand" country="Thailand" elevation="700" location="between Sop Aep and Tat Noi" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chiang Mai">
<location id="8EC36063FFE3FFC23C7AF95CD03C8D15" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AEFFE3FFC239BCFC88D1828DC1:8EC36063FFE3FFC23C7AF95CD03C8D15" country="Thailand" name="between Sop Aep and Tat Noi" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" stateProvince="Chiang Mai">between Sop Aep and Tat Noi</location>
, elev.
<quantity id="4CE49B5DFFE3FFC238F4F8B8D34E8D15" box="[448,522,1814,1840]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="700.0">
<elevation id="0031D18BFFE3FFC238F4F8B8D34E8D15" box="[448,522,1814,1840]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFA21078FFE3FFC23B22F8B8D3828D15" box="[534,710,1814,1840]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" value="1967-03-21">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E990FFE3FFC23B22F8B8D3828D15" box="[534,710,1814,1840]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" value="1967-03-21">21 March 1967</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC23BE6F8B9D2AA8D15" box="[722,1006,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
T.
<collectorName id="26E9536EFFE3FFC23BDAF8B8D2248D15" box="[750,864,1814,1840]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Smitinand</collectorName>
et al. 10226
</emphasis>
(L, P)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE5FFE3FFC23D73F8B8D4788D71" collectingDate="1994-03-02" collectorName="J. F. Maxwell" country="Thailand" county="Mae Tah" elevation="1125" location="Yaw" municipality="Doi Kuhn Dahn National Park" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lampoon">
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC23D73F8B8D5FE8D15" bold="true" box="[1095,1210,1814,1840]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
<collectingRegion id="49D8F85AFFE3FFC23D73F8B8D5FE8D15" box="[1095,1210,1814,1840]" country="Thailand" name="Lampoon" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Lampoon</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCounty id="62C24E34FFE3FFC23DFEF8B8D46B8D15" box="[1226,1327,1814,1840]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Mae Tah</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC7ACC2FFE3FFC23C0FF8B8D02D8D71" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Doi Kuhn Dahn National Park</collectingMunicipality>
, along the trail from
<location id="8EC36063FFE3FFC23B67F894D3C18D71" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AEFFE3FFC239BCFC88D1828DC1:8EC36063FFE3FFC23B67F894D3C18D71" box="[595,645,1850,1876]" country="Thailand" county="Mae Tah" municipality="Doi Kuhn Dahn National Park" name="Yaw" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" stateProvince="Lampoon">Yaw</location>
2 to 3, elev.
<quantity id="4CE49B5DFFE3FFC23A21F894D22F8D71" box="[789,875,1850,1877]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.125" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1125.0">
<elevation id="0031D18BFFE3FFC23A21F894D22F8D71" box="[789,875,1850,1877]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.125" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1125.0">1125 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFA21078FFE3FFC23A43F894D5538D71" box="[887,1047,1850,1876]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" value="1994-03-02">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E990FFE3FFC23A43F894D5538D71" box="[887,1047,1850,1876]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" value="1994-03-02">2 March 1994</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC23D16F895D44B8D71" box="[1058,1295,1850,1876]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
<collectorName id="26E9536EFFE3FFC23D16F895D5FC8D71" box="[1058,1208,1850,1876]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">J. F. Maxwell</collectorName>
94-304
</emphasis>
(L)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336B8FFE3FFC23989F8F3D1828DC1" blockId="12.[136,1452,950,2020]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC23989F8F3D2548D52" bold="true" box="[189,784,1885,1912]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
Additional specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3BFFE3FFC238D6F8F3D3D28D5D" authorityName="Wall. ex Wight" authorityYear="1850" box="[482,662,1885,1912]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aquifoliaceae" genus="Ilex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Aquifoliales" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="denticulata">
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC238D6F8F3D3D28D5D" bold="true" box="[482,662,1885,1912]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Ilex denticulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
examined
</emphasis>
:—
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE5FFE3FFC23A06F8F0D23A8DB9" collectionCode="HUH" collectorName="R. Wight" country="India" location="Mount. Nilagiri" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">
<collectingCountry id="F30B7628FFE3FFC23A06F8F0D2C38D5D" box="[818,903,1886,1912]" name="India" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">INDIA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49D8F85AFFE3FFC23AA5F8F0D55D8D5D" box="[913,1049,1886,1912]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="8EC36063FFE3FFC23D17F8F0D5928D5D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AEFFE3FFC239BCFC88D1828DC1:8EC36063FFE3FFC23D17F8F0D5928D5D" box="[1059,1238,1886,1912]" country="India" name="Mount. Nilagiri" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Mount. Nilagiri</location>
, elevation and data unknown,
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC239CBF82DD0D58DB9" box="[255,401,1922,1948]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
<collectorName id="26E9536EFFE3FFC239CBF82DD01B8DB9" box="[255,351,1922,1948]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">R. Wight</collectorName>
438
</emphasis>
(K, NY),
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC23B31F82DD3D38DB9" box="[517,663,1922,1948]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
<collectorName id="26E9536EFFE3FFC23B31F82DD3228DB9" box="[517,614,1922,1948]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">R. Wight</collectorName>
490
</emphasis>
(A (
<collectionCode id="ED0DAE7DFFE3FFC23BFEF82CD2488DB9" box="[714,780,1922,1948]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">HUH</collectionCode>
), E, K, P)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE5FFE3FFC23ABFF82CD33C8DE5" collectionCode="HUH" collectorName="Metz" country="India" location="Metz" municipality="Mount. Nilagiri" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC7ACC2FFE3FFC23ABFF82CD57A8DB9" box="[907,1086,1922,1948]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Mount. Nilagiri</collectingMunicipality>
, elevation unknown, 1854,
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC23C41F82DD1848DE5" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
<location id="8EC36063FFE3FFC23C41F82DD4EF8DB9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AEFFE3FFC239BCFC88D1828DC1:8EC36063FFE3FFC23C41F82DD4EF8DB9" box="[1397,1451,1923,1948]" country="India" municipality="Mount. Nilagiri" name="Metz" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Metz</location>
1455
</emphasis>
(A (
<collectionCode id="ED0DAE7DFFE3FFC239C3F808D0728DE5" box="[247,310,1958,1984]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">HUH</collectionCode>
)) and
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC238B7F809D0BF8DE5" box="[387,507,1958,1984]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
<collectorName id="26E9536EFFE3FFC238B7F809D0FD8DE5" box="[387,441,1959,1984]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Metz</collectorName>
1456
</emphasis>
(FI, K, P)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE5FFE3FFC23BB2F808D4EF8DE5" box="[646,1451,1958,1984]" collectorName="N. Venugopal &amp; T. S. Jayaseelan" country="India" elevation="1600" location="Salem" municipality="Yercad" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC7ACC2FFE3FFC23BB2F808D3938DE5" box="[646,727,1958,1984]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Yercad</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EC36063FFE3FFC23BD0F808D2698DE5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AEFFE3FFC239BCFC88D1828DC1:8EC36063FFE3FFC23BD0F808D2698DE5" box="[740,813,1958,1984]" country="India" municipality="Yercad" name="Salem" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">Salem</location>
, elev.
<quantity id="4CE49B5DFFE3FFC23A4CF808D2968DE5" box="[888,978,1958,1984]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1600.0">
<elevation id="0031D18BFFE3FFC23A4CF808D2968DE5" box="[888,978,1958,1984]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<emphasis id="B968EAAAFFE3FFC23AD4F809D4EF8DE5" box="[992,1451,1958,1984]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">
<collectorName id="26E9536EFFE3FFC23AD4F809D53E8DE5" box="[992,1146,1958,1984]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">N. Venugopal</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26E9536EFFE3FFC23D97F809D41F8DE5" box="[1187,1371,1958,1984]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">T. S. Jayaseelan</collectorName>
22412
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="F30B7628FFE3FFC239A5F864D1FD8DC1" box="[145,185,1994,2020]" name="United States of America" pageId="12" pageNumber="59">US</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

108
data/03/B5/87/03B587AEFFE7FFC639BCFDBAD2F988BF.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
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<mods:title id="658C595933105BF477C3C46D0BEE925E">Taxonomic notes on Ilex sect. Ilex (Aquifoliaceae) from China II: Revision of I. fargesii and related species based on molecular and morphological evidence</mods:title>
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A (
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<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3AFF8285B6FE8A3D27BB7C" bold="true" box="[136,353,302,329]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">Asarum koreanum</emphasis>
J. Kim et C. Yook ex B.U.Oh
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.
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(
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,
<figureCitation id="132E2A79AE3AFF828641FE8A3FC9BB7D" box="[895,911,302,328]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[179,1409,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[179,1409,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Holotype of Asarum koreanum B.U.Oh, B.U.Oh 970504-1 (CBU)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876789/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132E2A79AE3AFF8286A5FE8A3FEFBB7D" box="[923,937,302,328]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1944,1966]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[151,1436,190,1920]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Morphological characteristics of Asarum koreanum. A. Habit; B. Rhizome; C. Leaf (adaxial); D. Leaf (abaxial); E. Cataphyll; F. Apical view of flower; G. Lateral view of flower; H. Pistil and stamen; I. Seed (Photographs: Hyosun Leem)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876791/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">3</figureCitation>
)
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<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3AFF8285B6FEF23CFCBB5E" bold="true" box="[136,186,342,363]" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">Type</emphasis>
:—
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.
<collectingRegion id="49D1F81EAE3AFF828402FEF23E4FBB59" box="[316,521,342,364]" country="South Korea" name="Chungbuk" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">Chungcheongbuk-do</collectingRegion>
: Eumseong-gun, Mt. Gaseopsan, shady forest or forest edge in mountainous region,
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,
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,
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<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3AFF828768FEDE3E21BBBA" box="[598,615,378,399]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="1" pageNumber="174" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
.
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.Oh et al., 970504-1
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3AFF82869BFEDE3F9BBBBA" box="[933,989,378,399]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yp8i-58ys" name="Cape Breton University" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">CBU</collectionCode>
!,
<typeStatus id="54AE885EAE3AFF8286D4FEDE3869BBA5" box="[1002,1071,378,400]" pageId="1" pageNumber="174" type="isotype">isotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3AFF828108FEDE3836BBBA" box="[1078,1136,378,399]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yp8i-58ys" name="Cape Breton University" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">CBU</collectionCode>
!).
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<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3AFF8285B6FE3A3CADBB81" bold="true" box="[136,235,414,436]" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">Diagnosis</emphasis>
:—
<taxonomicName id="4C154D7FAE3AFF828437FE3A3DFFBB86" authorityName="J. Kim et C. Yook ex B. U. Oh" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="J. Kim et C. Yook" box="[265,441,414,435]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="174" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="koreanum">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3AFF828437FE3A3DFFBB86" box="[265,441,414,435]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">Asarum koreanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is morphologically similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C154D7FAE3AFF8287E3FE3A3F0DBB86" authorityName="Miquel" authorityYear="1865" box="[733,843,414,435]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="174" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sieboldii">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3AFF8287E3FE3A3F0DBB86" box="[733,843,414,435]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">A. sieboldii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but is distinguished by purple leaves, larger flowers, and deep purple calyx lobes with dense multicellular glandular trichomes (
<tableCitation id="C6970347AE3AFF828613FE663F33BBE2" box="[813,885,450,472]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[136,224,520,544]" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological differences between Asarum koreanum and Asarum sieboldii." pageId="1" pageNumber="174">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3AFF8285B6FDAC3CBDB815" bold="true" box="[136,251,520,544]" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Morphological differences between
<taxonomicName id="4C154D7FAE3AFF8287BDFDAC3F01B815" authorityName="J. Kim et C. Yook ex B. U. Oh" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="J. Kim et C. Yook" box="[643,839,520,544]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="174" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="koreanum">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3AFF8287BDFDAC3F01B815" box="[643,839,520,544]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">Asarum koreanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C154D7FAE3AFF828644FDAC3876B815" authorityName="Miquel" authorityYear="1865" box="[890,1072,520,544]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="174" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sieboldii">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3AFF828644FDAC3876B815" box="[890,1072,520,544]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">Asarum sieboldii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAA36FCAE3AFF8285ADFD9B38E4BE87" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">
<table id="F915C45CAE3A007C85ADFD9B3917BE86" box="[147,1361,575,1203]" gridcols="4" gridrows="12" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">
<tr id="352534BEAE3A007C85ADFD9B3917B860" box="[147,1361,575,597]" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">
<th id="76F45DC2AE3A007C85ADFD9B3CBAB860" box="[147,252,575,597]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3AFF8285ADFD9B3CBAB860" bold="true" box="[147,252,575,597]" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">Character</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76F45DC2AE3A007C8467FD9B3E87B860" box="[345,705,575,597]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3AFF828467FD9B3DB1B861" bold="true" box="[345,503,575,597]" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">Character state</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76F45DC2AE3A007C87E1FD9B3847B860" box="[735,1025,575,597]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">
<taxonomicName id="4C154D7FAE3AFF8287E1FD9B3F26B860" authorityName="J. Kim et C. Yook ex B. U. Oh" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="J. Kim et C. Yook" box="[735,864,575,597]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="174" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="koreanum">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3AFF8287E1FD9B3F26B860" bold="true" box="[735,864,575,597]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">A. koreanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76F45DC2AE3A007C8170FD9B3917B860" box="[1102,1361,575,597]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">
<taxonomicName id="4C154D7FAE3AFF828170FD9B38FBB860" authority="Leaf" authorityName="Leaf" box="[1102,1213,575,597]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="174" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sieboldii">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3AFF828170FD9B38FBB860" bold="true" box="[1102,1213,575,597]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">A. sieboldii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352534BEAE3A007C85ADFDD83917B8A7" box="[147,1361,636,658]" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">
<th id="76F45DC2AE3A007C85ADFDD83917B8A7" box="[147,1361,636,658]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3AFF8285ADFDD83C84B8A7" bold="true" box="[147,194,636,658]" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">Leaf</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352534BEAE3A007C85ADFD173917B8FC" box="[147,1361,691,713]" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">
<th id="76F45DC2AE3A007C85ADFD173CBAB8FC" box="[147,252,691,713]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">blade</th>
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C8467FD173E87B8FC" box="[345,705,691,713]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">adaxial color</td>
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C87E1FD173847B8FC" box="[735,1025,691,713]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">usually purple, or rarely green</td>
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C8170FD173917B8FC" box="[1102,1361,691,713]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">green</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352534BEAE3A007C85ADFD4D3917B8CA" box="[147,1361,745,767]" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="174" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C8467FD4D3E87B8CA" box="[345,705,745,767]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">abaxial color</td>
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C87E1FD4D3847B8CA" box="[735,1025,745,767]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">pale green to purple</td>
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C8170FD4D3917B8CA" box="[1102,1361,745,767]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">pale green</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352534BEAE3A007C85ADFC843917B903" box="[147,1361,800,822]" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="174" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C8467FC843E87B903" box="[345,705,800,822]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">apex</td>
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C87E1FC843847B903" box="[735,1025,800,822]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">acute or acuminate</td>
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C8170FC843917B903" box="[1102,1361,800,822]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">acute</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352534BEAE3A007C85ADFCF23917B959" box="[147,1361,854,876]" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">
<th id="76F45DC2AE3A007C85ADFCF23CBAB959" box="[147,252,854,876]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">petiole</th>
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C8467FCF23E87B959" box="[345,705,854,876]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">length (cm)</td>
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C87E1FCF23847B959" box="[735,1025,854,876]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">14.1–21.4</td>
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C8170FCF23917B959" box="[1102,1361,854,876]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">8.2–16.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352534BEAE3A007C85ADFC283917B994" box="[147,1361,908,929]" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">
<th id="76F45DC2AE3A007C85ADFC283917B994" box="[147,1361,908,929]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3AFF8285ADFC283C9DB994" bold="true" box="[147,219,908,929]" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">Flower</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352534BEAE3A007C85ADFC673917B9EC" box="[147,1361,963,985]" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">
<th id="76F45DC2AE3A007C85ADFC673CBAB9EC" box="[147,252,963,985]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">peduncle</th>
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C8467FC673E87B9EC" box="[345,705,963,985]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">length (cm)</td>
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C87E1FC673847B9EC" box="[735,1025,963,985]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">9.4–11.5</td>
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C8170FC673917B9EC" box="[1102,1361,963,985]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">2.4–3.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352534BEAE3A007C85ADFC5D3917BE3A" box="[147,1361,1017,1039]" gridrow="8" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">
<th id="76F45DC2AE3A007C85ADFC5D3CBABE3A" box="[147,252,1017,1039]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">calyx tube</th>
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C8467FC5D3E87BE3A" box="[345,705,1017,1039]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">length (mm)</td>
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C87E1FC5D3847BE3A" box="[735,1025,1017,1039]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">12.3–14.7</td>
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C8170FC5D3917BE3A" box="[1102,1361,1017,1039]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">8.1–12.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352534BEAE3A007C85ADFB943917BE73" box="[147,1361,1072,1094]" gridrow="9" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">
<th id="76F45DC2AE3A007C85ADFB943CBABE73" box="[147,252,1072,1094]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">calyx lobe</th>
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C8467FB943E87BE73" box="[345,705,1072,1094]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">length (mm)</td>
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C87E1FB943847BE73" box="[735,1025,1072,1094]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">8.8–17.8</td>
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C8170FB943917BE73" box="[1102,1361,1072,1094]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">6.8–12.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352534BEAE3A007C85ADFBC23917BE49" box="[147,1361,1126,1148]" gridrow="10" pageId="1" pageNumber="174" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C8467FBC23E87BE49" box="[345,705,1126,1148]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">color</td>
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C87E1FBC23847BE49" box="[735,1025,1126,1148]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">dark purple</td>
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C8170FBC23917BE49" box="[1102,1361,1126,1148]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">purple, or yellowish purple</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352534BEAE3A007C85ADFB383917BE86" box="[147,1361,1180,1203]" gridrow="11" pageId="1" pageNumber="174" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C8467FB383E87BE86" box="[345,705,1180,1203]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">glandular trichome density (no./mm2)</td>
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C87E1FB383847BE86" box="[735,1025,1180,1203]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">1000–1333</td>
<td id="76F45DC2AE3A007C8170FB383917BE86" box="[1102,1361,1180,1203]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">222–322</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6A6674AE3AFF8285B6F81D392DBDC7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876787" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13876787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876787/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="174" startId="1.[136,229,1977,1999]" targetBox="[257,1331,1234,1949]" targetPageId="1" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAA36FCAE3AFF8285B6F81D392DBDC7" blockId="1.[136,1451,1977,2035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3AFF8285B6F81D3CBBBDFB" bold="true" box="[136,253,1977,1999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
The difference in the density of the glandular trichomes on the adaxial surfaces of the calyx lobes between
<taxonomicName id="4C154D7FAE3AFF8281C2F81D39EDBDFB" authorityName="J. Kim et C. Yook ex B. U. Oh" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="J. Kim et C. Yook" box="[1276,1451,1977,1998]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="174" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="koreanum">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3AFF8281C2F81D39EDBDFB" box="[1276,1451,1977,1998]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">Asarum koreanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C154D7FAE3AFF82858FF8793D12BDC7" box="[177,340,2013,2034]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="174" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sieboldii">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3AFF82858FF8793D12BDC7" box="[177,340,2013,2034]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">Asarum sieboldii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A1–A2.
<taxonomicName id="4C154D7FAE3AFF82848FF8793E59BDC7" box="[433,543,2013,2034]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="174" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sieboldii">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3AFF82848FF8793E59BDC7" box="[433,543,2013,2034]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">A. sieboldii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; B1–B2.
<taxonomicName id="4C154D7FAE3AFF828745F8793EB3BDC7" authorityName="J. Kim et C. Yook ex B. U. Oh" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="J. Kim et C. Yook" box="[635,757,2013,2034]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="174" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="koreanum">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3AFF828745F8793EB3BDC7" box="[635,757,2013,2034]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="174">A. koreanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. (Photographs: Hyosun Leem; modified from
<bibRefCitation id="EF844B0DAE3AFF82818DF8793926BDC7" author="Leem, H. S. &amp; Oh, B. U." box="[1203,1376,2013,2035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="174" pagination="344 - 354" refId="ref2311" refString="Leem, H. S. &amp; Oh, B. U. (2019) Taxonomy of Korean Asarum (Aristolochiaceae) by the Morphological Characters. Korean Journal of Plant Resources 32 (4): 344 - 354. [in Korean]" type="journal article" year="2019">Leem &amp; Oh 2019</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6A6674AE39FF8185B6F8053FC5BD83" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876789" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13876789" box="[136,899,1953,1975]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876789/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="175" startId="2.[136,229,1953,1975]" targetBox="[179,1409,190,1928]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAA36FCAE39FF8185B6F8053FC5BD83" blockId="2.[136,899,1953,1975]" box="[136,899,1953,1975]" pageId="2" pageNumber="175">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE39FF8185B6F8053CB8BD83" bold="true" box="[136,254,1953,1975]" pageId="2" pageNumber="175">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Holotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C154D7FAE39FF818443F8053E94BD83" authority="B. U. Oh, B. U. Oh" authorityName="B. U. Oh, B. U. Oh" box="[381,722,1953,1975]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="2" pageNumber="175" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="koreanum">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE39FF818443F8053E6ABD83" box="[381,556,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="175">Asarum koreanum</emphasis>
B.U.Oh,
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE39FF8187B7F8053E94BD83" box="[649,722,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="175">B.U.Oh</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE39FF8187E6F8053F72BD83" box="[728,820,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="175">970504-1</emphasis>
(CBU).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6A6674AE38FF8085B6F83C38FFBDE4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876791" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13876791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876791/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="176" startId="3.[136,229,1944,1966]" targetBox="[151,1436,190,1920]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAA36FCAE38FF8085B6F83C38FFBDE4" blockId="3.[136,1452,1944,2002]" pageId="3" pageNumber="176">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE38FF8085B6F83C3CBBBD98" bold="true" box="[136,253,1944,1966]" pageId="3" pageNumber="176">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Morphological characteristics of
<taxonomicName id="4C154D7FAE38FF808703F83D3EAABD98" box="[573,748,1944,1966]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="3" pageNumber="176" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="koreanum">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE38FF808703F83D3EAABD98" box="[573,748,1944,1966]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="176">Asarum koreanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A. Habit; B. Rhizome; C. Leaf (adaxial); D. Leaf (abaxial); E. Cataphyll; F. Apical view of flower; G. Lateral view of flower; H. Pistil and stamen; I. Seed (Photographs: Hyosun Leem).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAA36FCAE3FFF8785B6FF3A3D51B885" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,1229]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">
Perennial,
<quantity id="4CED9B19AE3FFF87843CFF3A3DD8BA8C" box="[258,414,158,185]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.585" metricValueMax="3.25" metricValueMin="1.92" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" unit="cm" value="25.85" valueMax="32.5" valueMin="19.2">19.2–32.5 cm</quantity>
tall. Rhizomes creeping, ivory to whitish purple,
<quantity id="4CED9B19AE3FFF8786DEFF3A3828BA8C" box="[992,1134,158,185]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" metricValueMax="16.5" metricValueMin="3.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" unit="cm" value="9.8" valueMax="16.5" valueMin="3.1">3.1–16.5 cm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CED9B19AE3FFF878184FF3A3902BA8C" box="[1210,1348,158,185]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="2.9" valueMax="4.4" valueMin="1.4">1.4–4.4 mm</quantity>
in diam. Cataphylls entire, trichomes on margin, whitish purple, 2–4; first scale
<quantity id="4CED9B19AE3FFF87869DFF663871BAE8" box="[931,1079,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.205" metricValueMax="1.56" metricValueMin="0.85" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="12.05" valueMax="15.6" valueMin="8.5">8.5–15.6 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CED9B19AE3FFF878143FF663954BAE8" box="[1149,1298,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.055" metricValueMax="1.33" metricValueMin="0.78" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="10.55" valueMax="13.3" valueMin="7.8">7.8–13.3 mm</quantity>
wide; second scale 5.0–
<quantity id="4CED9B19AE3FFF8785C6FF423D0ABB34" box="[248,332,230,257]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="9.8">9.8 mm</quantity>
long, 6.0–
<quantity id="4CED9B19AE3FFF8784FFFF423E50BB34" box="[449,534,230,257]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="9.7">9.7 mm</quantity>
wide. Leaves alternate, simple, paired in an individual with flower; petiole slightly haired, whitish purple to purple,
<quantity id="4CED9B19AE3FFF8784C3FEAE3ED1BB10" box="[509,663,266,293]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.775" metricValueMax="2.1399999999999997" metricValueMin="1.41" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" unit="cm" value="17.75" valueMax="21.4" valueMin="14.1">14.1–21.4 cm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CED9B19AE3FFF8787DEFEAE3F2FBB10" box="[736,873,266,293]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0999999999999996" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="2.0999999999999996" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="1.4">1.4–2.8 mm</quantity>
in diam.; leaf blade cordate or ovate-cordate, apex acute or acuminate, margin entire, base cordate,
<quantity id="4CED9B19AE3FFF87879BFE8A3F69BB7C" box="[677,815,302,329]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.155" metricValueMax="1.67" metricValueMin="0.64" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" unit="cm" value="11.55" valueMax="16.7" valueMin="6.4">6.4–16.7 cm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CED9B19AE3FFF878648FE8A3847BB7C" box="[886,1025,302,329]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.035" metricValueMax="1.52" metricValueMin="0.55" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" unit="cm" value="10.35" valueMax="15.2" valueMin="5.5">5.5–15.2 cm</quantity>
wide; adaxial surface pubescent, with short hairs, purple to purplish green or green, purple to yellowish green on vein, variegation not observed; abaxial surface short haired on vein, purple or pale green. Inflorescence solitary; peduncle glabrous, purple or whitish purple,
<quantity id="4CED9B19AE3FFF8785B6FE3E3D53BB80" box="[136,277,410,437]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.045" metricValueMax="1.15" metricValueMin="0.94" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" unit="cm" value="10.45" valueMax="11.5" valueMin="9.4">9.4–11.5 cm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CED9B19AE3FFF87845FFE3E3DADBB80" box="[353,491,410,437]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3499999999999999" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="0.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="1.3499999999999999" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="0.3">0.3–2.4 mm</quantity>
in diam. Flowers actinomorphic; calyx tube campanulate or cup-shaped,
<quantity id="4CED9B19AE3FFF878005FE3E3CF2BBEC" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.47" metricValueMin="1.23" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="13.5" valueMax="14.7" valueMin="12.3">12.3–14.7 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CED9B19AE3FFF8785C7FE1A3DDABBEC" box="[249,412,446,473]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.415" metricValueMax="1.49" metricValueMin="1.34" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="14.15" valueMax="14.9" valueMin="13.4">13.4–14.9 mm</quantity>
in diam.; outer surface pale brown; inner surface vertical ridge, purple; calyx lobes 3, deltoid and undulate, apex acuminate or cuspidate, not recurved, dark purple,
<quantity id="4CED9B19AE3FFF8786A9FE46386ABBC8" box="[919,1068,482,509]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.33" metricValueMax="1.78" metricValueMin="0.88" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="13.3" valueMax="17.8" valueMin="8.8">8.8–17.8 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CED9B19AE3FFF87814FFE463940BBC8" box="[1137,1286,482,509]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2449999999999999" metricValueMax="1.53" metricValueMin="0.96" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="12.45" valueMax="15.3" valueMin="9.6">9.6–15.3 mm</quantity>
wide; stamens 12; filaments slightly flattened, whitish purple,
<quantity id="4CED9B19AE3FFF8787A3FDA23F62B814" box="[669,804,518,545]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="2.9" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.7">2.7–3.1 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CED9B19AE3FFF878655FDA23FB4B814" box="[875,1010,518,545]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.499999999999999" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="0.6499999999999999" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.6">0.6–0.7 mm</quantity>
wide; anthers extrorse, oblong, yellow,
<quantity id="4CED9B19AE3FFF8785B6FD8E3D49B870" box="[136,271,554,581]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="1.7" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.6">1.6–1.8 mm</quantity>
long; ovary superior, placentation axilary, locules 6; styles radial, purple,
<quantity id="4CED9B19AE3FFF878172FD8E3895B870" box="[1100,1235,554,581]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="1.1" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1.3 mm</quantity>
long, protuberance
<quantity id="4CED9B19AE3FFF8785B6FDEA3D49B85C" box="[136,271,590,617]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="1.45" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.6 mm</quantity>
tall,
<quantity id="4CED9B19AE3FFF878479FDEA3D88B85C" box="[327,462,590,617]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="1.7" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="1.5">1.5–1.9 mm</quantity>
long; stigmas lateral, roundish and convex. Fruits a fleshy capsule, irregularly dehiscent when ripe. Seeds numerous, slightly curved, light brown, with whitish brown appendage,
<quantity id="4CED9B19AE3FFF8781B8FDD63948B8B8" box="[1158,1294,626,653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.55" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="3.55" valueMax="3.8" valueMin="3.3">3.3–3.8 mm</quantity>
long, 1.8–2.0 mm in diam.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30F6577AE3FFF878583FD1E380DBEF9" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BAA36FCAE3FFF878583FD1E38E6B929" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,1229]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF878583FD1E3DA9B8E1" bold="true" box="[189,495,698,724]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
:—The distribution of
<taxonomicName id="4C154D7FAE3FFF87863CFD1F3FD1B8E1" box="[770,919,698,725]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="koreanum">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF87863CFD1F3FD1B8E1" box="[770,919,698,725]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">A. koreanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is restricted to the central region of
<collectingCountry id="F302766CAE3FFF878059FD1F39EDB8E0" box="[1383,1451,699,725]" name="South Korea" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Korea</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49D1F81EAE3FFF8785AEFD7A3DC7B8CD" box="[144,385,734,760]" country="South Korea" name="Chungbuk" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Chungcheongbuk-do</collectingRegion>
), including Mt. Gaseopsan, Mt. Gunjasan, Mt. Baegaksan, Mt. Wolaksan, Mt. Songnisan, Mt. Samtaesan, and Mt. Yongsanbong. The populations were found in shady forest or forest edge.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA36FCAE3FFF878583FC8238F6B975" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,1229]" box="[189,1200,806,833]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF878583FC823D7FB975" bold="true" box="[189,313,806,832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Phenology</emphasis>
:—Flowering is observed from April to June, and fruiting from June to August.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA36FCAE3FFF878583FCEE3F9FB951" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,1229]" box="[189,985,842,869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF878583FCEE3D85B951" bold="true" box="[189,451,842,868]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Chromosome number</emphasis>
:—
<taxonomicName id="4C154D7FAE3FFF8784D9FCEF3EF2B951" box="[487,692,842,869]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="koreanum">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF8784D9FCEF3EF2B951" box="[487,692,842,869]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Asarum koreanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has 2
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF8787CBFCEF3F45B951" box="[757,771,843,868]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">n</emphasis>
=26 chromosomes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA36FCAE3FFF878583FCCA3F17B9E5" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,1229]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF878583FCCA3E06B9BD" bold="true" box="[189,576,878,904]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Additional specimens examined</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF878776FCCB3E27B9BD" box="[584,609,879,904]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">—</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B7D3CA1AE3FFF87875FFCCA3DB4B999" collectingDate="2012-04-20" collectionCode="K, O, KWNU" country="South Korea" location="Danyang-gun Samtaesan" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chungbuk">
<collectingCountry id="F302766CAE3FFF87875FFCCA3E83B9BD" box="[609,709,878,904]" name="South Korea" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">KOREA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49D1F81EAE3FFF8787EAFCCA3F85B9BD" box="[724,963,878,904]" country="South Korea" name="Chungbuk" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Chungcheongbuk-do</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="8ECA6027AE3FFF8786ECFCCB38B7B9BD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BC87EAAE3AFF8785B6FE8A380DBEF9:8ECA6027AE3FFF8786ECFCCB38B7B9BD" box="[978,1265,878,905]" country="South Korea" name="Danyang-gun Samtaesan" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" stateProvince="Chungbuk">Danyang-gun Samtaesan</location>
,
<date id="FFAB103CAE3FFF87803EFCCA39E1B9BD" box="[1280,1447,878,904]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" value="2012-04-20">
<collectingDate id="EFEFE9D4AE3FFF87803EFCCA39E1B9BD" box="[1280,1447,878,904]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" value="2012-04-20">20 April 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF8785B6FC373D30B999" box="[136,374,914,941]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF8785B6FC373CD8B998" box="[136,158,915,941]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF87859CFC373CF0B998" box="[162,182,915,941]" country="Norway" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13093" name="Botanical Museum - University of Oslo" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" type="Herbarium">O</collectionCode>
.Yoo et al., 86066
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF8784BAFC363DA1B999" box="[388,487,914,940]" country="South Korea" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13415" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13415" name="Kangwon National University" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" type="Herbarium">KWNU</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B7D3CA1AE3FFF8784C2FC373908B999" box="[508,1358,914,941]" collectingDate="2012-04-19" collectionCode="K, O, KWNU" country="South Korea" location="Danyang-gun Yongsanbong" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8ECA6027AE3FFF8784C2FC373F73B999" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BC87EAAE3AFF8785B6FE8A380DBEF9:8ECA6027AE3FFF8784C2FC373F73B999" box="[508,821,914,941]" country="South Korea" name="Danyang-gun Yongsanbong" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Danyang-gun Yongsanbong</location>
,
<date id="FFAB103CAE3FFF878601FC363F9DB999" box="[831,987,914,940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" value="2012-04-19">
<collectingDate id="EFEFE9D4AE3FFF878601FC363F9DB999" box="[831,987,914,940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" value="2012-04-19">19 April 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF8786DBFC373894B999" box="[997,1234,914,941]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF8786DBFC373FBDB998" box="[997,1019,915,941]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF8786C1FC373855B998" box="[1023,1043,915,941]" country="Norway" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13093" name="Botanical Museum - University of Oslo" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" type="Herbarium">O</collectionCode>
.Yoo et al., 85240
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF8781DEFC363905B999" box="[1248,1347,914,940]" country="South Korea" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13415" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13415" name="Kangwon National University" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" type="Herbarium">KWNU</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B7D3CA1AE3FFF878067FC373F0BB9E5" collectingDate="2005-05-21" collectionCode="K, O, KWNU" country="South Korea" location="Boeun-gun Songnisan" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8ECA6027AE3FFF878067FC373D77B9E5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BC87EAAE3AFF8785B6FE8A380DBEF9:8ECA6027AE3FFF878067FC373D77B9E5" country="South Korea" name="Boeun-gun Songnisan" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Boeun-gun Songnisan</location>
,
<date id="FFAB103CAE3FFF878402FC123D92B9E4" box="[316,468,950,977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" value="2005-05-21">
<collectingDate id="EFEFE9D4AE3FFF878402FC123D92B9E4" box="[316,468,950,977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" value="2005-05-21">21 May 2005</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF8784E1FC133E96B9E5" box="[479,720,950,977]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF8784E1FC133DB3B9E4" box="[479,501,951,977]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF8784C7FC133E4BB9E4" box="[505,525,951,977]" country="Norway" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13093" name="Botanical Museum - University of Oslo" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" type="Herbarium">O</collectionCode>
.Yoo et al., 74821
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF8787E1FC123F04B9E5" box="[735,834,950,976]" country="South Korea" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13415" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13415" name="Kangwon National University" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" type="Herbarium">KWNU</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA36FCAE3FFF878583FC7E380DBEF9" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,1229]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF878583FC7E3E84B9C0" bold="true" box="[189,706,986,1013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">
Specimens examined for
<taxonomicName id="4C154D7FAE3FFF8784C7FC7E3E84B9C0" box="[505,706,986,1013]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sieboldii">
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF8784C7FC7E3E84B9C0" bold="true" box="[505,706,986,1013]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Asarum sieboldii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF8787F4FC7F3EA5B9C1" box="[714,739,987,1012]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">—</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B7D3CA1AE3FFF8787DDFC7E3F34BE09" collectingDate="2010-05-29" collectingDateMax="2013-05-25" collectingDateMin="2010-05-29" collectionCode="B, U, CBU" collectorName="Boeun-gun &amp; Oh" country="South Korea" county="Boeun-gun Gubyeongsan" location="Gurye-gun Imgeollyeong" municipality="Oh" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chungbuk">
<collectingCountry id="F302766CAE3FFF8787DDFC7E3F01B9C1" box="[739,839,986,1012]" name="South Korea" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">KOREA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49D1F81EAE3FFF878666FC7E3801B9C1" box="[856,1095,986,1012]" country="South Korea" name="Chungbuk" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Chungcheongbuk-do</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="62CB4E70AE3FFF878166FC7F3938B9C1" box="[1112,1406,986,1013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Boeun-gun Gubyeongsan</collectingCounty>
,
<date id="FFAB103CAE3FFF8780B1FC7E3D46BE2D" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" value="2013-05-25">
<collectingDate id="EFEFE9D4AE3FFF8780B1FC7E3D46BE2D" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" value="2013-05-25">25 May 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF878431FC5A3DEFBE2D" box="[271,425,1022,1048]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF878431FC5A3D65BE2D" box="[271,291,1022,1048]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF878418FC5A3D7ABE2D" box="[294,316,1022,1048]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15513" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" type="Herbarium">U</collectionCode>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCEAC86AE3FFF87847EFC5A3D22BE2D" box="[320,356,1022,1048]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Oh</collectingMunicipality>
et al.
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF878484FC5A3F2ABE2D" box="[442,876,1022,1048]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">
<collectorName id="26E0532AAE3FFF878484FC5A3E70BE2D" box="[442,566,1022,1048]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Boeun-gun</collectorName>
(gubyeongsan)-130525-317
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF878641FC5A3F85BE2D" box="[895,963,1022,1048]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yp8i-58ys" name="Cape Breton University" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">CBU</collectionCode>
!).
<collectingRegion id="49D1F81EAE3FFF8786E3FC5A383EBE2D" box="[989,1144,1022,1048]" country="South Korea" name="Jeonnam" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Jeollanam-do</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="8ECA6027AE3FFF8781BBFC5A39E1BE2D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BC87EAAE3AFF8785B6FE8A380DBEF9:8ECA6027AE3FFF8781BBFC5A39E1BE2D" box="[1157,1447,1022,1048]" country="South Korea" county="Boeun-gun Gubyeongsan" municipality="Oh" name="Gurye-gun Imgeollyeong" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" stateProvince="Chungbuk">Gurye-gun Imgeollyeong</location>
,
<date id="FFAB103CAE3FFF8785B6FB863D6FBE09" box="[136,297,1058,1085]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" value="2010-05-29">
<collectingDate id="EFEFE9D4AE3FFF8785B6FB863D6FBE09" box="[136,297,1058,1085]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" value="2010-05-29">29 May 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF878406FB863D93BE09" box="[312,469,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF878406FB863D0ABE09" box="[312,332,1058,1084]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF878471FB863D23BE09" box="[335,357,1058,1084]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15513" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" type="Herbarium">U</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26E0532AAE3FFF878457FB863DCBBE09" box="[361,397,1058,1084]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Oh</collectorName>
et al.
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF8784D9FB863F48BE09" box="[487,782,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">100529-imgeollyeong-002</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF87861CFB863F23BE09" box="[802,869,1058,1084]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yp8i-58ys" name="Cape Breton University" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">CBU</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B7D3CA1AE3FFF8786BCFB863E4BBE55" collectingDate="2010-05-29" collectingDateMax="2013-05-25" collectingDateMin="2010-05-29" collectionCode="B, U, CBU" collectorName="Oh" country="South Korea" county="Boeun-gun Gubyeongsan" location="Gurye-gun Imgeollyeong" municipality="Oh" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chungbuk">
the same locality,
<date id="FFAB103CAE3FFF878166FB8638BEBE09" box="[1112,1272,1058,1085]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" value="2010-05-29">
<collectingDate id="EFEFE9D4AE3FFF878166FB8638BEBE09" box="[1112,1272,1058,1085]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" value="2010-05-29">29 May 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF878036FB8639E3BE09" box="[1288,1445,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF878036FB86395ABE09" box="[1288,1308,1058,1084]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF878021FB863973BE09" box="[1311,1333,1058,1084]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15513" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" type="Herbarium">U</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26E0532AAE3FFF878007FB86391BBE09" box="[1337,1373,1058,1084]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Oh</collectorName>
et al.
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF8785B6FBE23DE8BE55" box="[136,430,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">100529-imgeollyeong-011</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF878483FBE23E46BE55" box="[445,512,1094,1120]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yp8i-58ys" name="Cape Breton University" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">CBU</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B7D3CA1AE3FFF878729FBE23CA7BE9D" collectingDate="2010-05-29" collectingDateMax="2013-05-25" collectingDateMin="2010-05-29" collectionCode="B, U, CBU" collectorName="Oh &amp; Sangju-si" country="South Korea" county="Boeun-gun Gubyeongsan" location="Oh" municipality="Sangju-si Jungbeol-ri" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
the same locality,
<date id="FFAB103CAE3FFF8787E1FBE23F35BE55" box="[735,883,1094,1121]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" value="2010-05-29">
<collectingDate id="EFEFE9D4AE3FFF8787E1FBE23F35BE55" box="[735,883,1094,1121]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" value="2010-05-29">29 May 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF8786BFFBE2390EBE55" box="[897,1352,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF8786BFFBE23FD3BE55" box="[897,917,1094,1120]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF8786A6FBE23FE8BE55" box="[920,942,1094,1120]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15513" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" type="Herbarium">U</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26E0532AAE3FFF87868CFBE23F90BE55" box="[946,982,1094,1120]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Oh</collectorName>
et al., 100529-imgeollyeong-024
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF878066FBE239DABE55" box="[1368,1436,1094,1120]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yp8i-58ys" name="Cape Breton University" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">CBU</collectionCode>
!).
<collectingRegion id="49D1F81EAE3FFF8785B6FBCE3D2EBEB1" box="[136,360,1130,1156]" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCEAC86AE3FFF878447FBCE3E34BEB1" box="[377,626,1130,1156]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Sangju-si Jungbeol-ri</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="FFAB103CAE3FFF8787BAFBCE3F6CBEB1" box="[644,810,1130,1157]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" value="2013-05-25">
<collectingDate id="EFEFE9D4AE3FFF8787BAFBCE3F6CBEB1" box="[644,810,1130,1157]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" value="2013-05-25">25 May 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF878605FBCE3F9BBEB1" box="[827,989,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF878605FBCE3F09BEB1" box="[827,847,1130,1156]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF87866DFBCE3F2FBEB1" box="[851,873,1130,1156]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15513" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" type="Herbarium">U</collectionCode>
.
<location id="8ECA6027AE3FFF878652FBCE3FD6BEB1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BC87EAAE3AFF8785B6FE8A380DBEF9:8ECA6027AE3FFF878652FBCE3FD6BEB1" box="[876,912,1130,1156]" country="South Korea" municipality="Sangju-si Jungbeol-ri" name="Oh" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Oh</location>
et al.
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF8786CCFBCE39EDBEB1" box="[1010,1451,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">
<collectorName id="26E0532AAE3FFF8786CCFBCE381ABEB1" box="[1010,1116,1130,1156]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Sangju-si</collectorName>
(baekbaegaksan)-130525-108
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF8785AFFB2A3C92BE9D" box="[145,212,1166,1192]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yp8i-58ys" name="Cape Breton University" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">CBU</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B7D3CA1AE3FFF8785CEFB2A3971BE9D" box="[240,1335,1166,1193]" collectingDate="2013-05-25" collectingDateMax="2013-05-25" collectingDateMin="2010-05-29" collectionCode="B, U, CBU" collectorName="Sangju-si" country="South Korea" county="Boeun-gun Gubyeongsan" location="Oh" municipality="Sangju-si Jungbeol-ri" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
the same locality,
<date id="FFAB103CAE3FFF8784FDFB2A3E24BE9D" box="[451,610,1166,1193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" value="2013-05-25">
<collectingDate id="EFEFE9D4AE3FFF8784FDFB2A3E24BE9D" box="[451,610,1166,1193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" value="2013-05-25">25 May 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF87874EFB2A3F4DBE9D" box="[624,779,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF87874EFB2A3EC2BE9D" box="[624,644,1166,1192]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF8787B9FB2A3EDBBE9D" box="[647,669,1166,1192]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15513" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" type="Herbarium">U</collectionCode>
.
<location id="8ECA6027AE3FFF87879FFB2A3E83BE9D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BC87EAAE3AFF8785B6FE8A380DBEF9:8ECA6027AE3FFF87879FFB2A3E83BE9D" box="[673,709,1166,1192]" country="South Korea" name="Oh" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Oh</location>
et al.
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF878622FB2A3892BE9D" box="[796,1236,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">
<collectorName id="26E0532AAE3FFF878622FB2A3FC0BE9D" box="[796,902,1166,1192]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Sangju-si</collectorName>
(baekbaegaksan)-130525-112
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF8781D9FB2A396CBE9D" box="[1255,1322,1166,1192]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yp8i-58ys" name="Cape Breton University" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">CBU</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B7D3CA1AE3FFF87807BFB2A380EBEF9" collectingDate="2013-05-25" collectingDateMax="2013-05-25" collectingDateMin="2010-05-29" collectionCode="B, U, CBU" collectorName="Sangju-si" country="South Korea" county="Boeun-gun Gubyeongsan" location="Oh" municipality="Sangju-si Jungbeol-ri" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
the same locality,
<date id="FFAB103CAE3FFF8785D6FB163DC7BEF9" box="[232,385,1202,1229]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" value="2013-05-25">
<collectingDate id="EFEFE9D4AE3FFF8785D6FB163DC7BEF9" box="[232,385,1202,1229]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" value="2013-05-25">25 May 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF8784B2FB163E66BEF9" box="[396,544,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF8784B2FB163DE6BEF9" box="[396,416,1202,1228]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF87849DFB163DFFBEF9" box="[419,441,1202,1228]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15513" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland" pageId="4" pageNumber="177" type="Herbarium">U</collectionCode>
.
<location id="8ECA6027AE3FFF878483FB163DA7BEF9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BC87EAAE3AFF8785B6FE8A380DBEF9:8ECA6027AE3FFF878483FB163DA7BEF9" box="[445,481,1202,1228]" country="South Korea" name="Oh" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Oh</location>
et al.
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B961EAEEAE3FFF878710FB163FAEBEF9" box="[558,1000,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">
<collectorName id="26E0532AAE3FFF878710FB163EDFBEF9" box="[558,665,1202,1228]" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">Sangju-si</collectorName>
(baekbaegaksan)-130525-121
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED04AE39AE3FFF8786C6FB16387ABEF9" box="[1016,1084,1202,1228]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yp8i-58ys" name="Cape Breton University" pageId="4" pageNumber="177">CBU</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

153
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<mods:title id="C6EE72571DF4FF47D67FE5E1C1474365">Phedimus yangshanicus (Crassulaceae), a new species from limestone hills in Guangdong, China</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C7007E9FFB2FFE2FF1CF943FD870C14" ID-CoL="4FXQ9" authority="Z. Chao" authorityName="Z. Chao" authorityYear="2020" box="[136,517,1780,1807]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Phedimus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="yangshanicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B904A078FFB2FFE2FF1CF943FE230C15" bold="true" box="[136,417,1780,1807]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="153">Phedimus yangshanicus</emphasis>
Z. Chao
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,
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(
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&amp;
<figureCitation id="134B60EFFFB2FFE2FD4EF943FD6B0C14" box="[730,745,1780,1806]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1518,1540]" captionTargetBox="[318,1270,439,1493]" captionTargetId="figure-103@5.[318,1270,439,1493]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Flower and Fruit Dissection of Phedimus yangshanicus sp. nov. A. flower top-view B. sepals; C. petals and antepetalous stamens; D. carpels and nectar scales at base; E. aggregate follicles; F. ovules, with striate ornamentation." pageId="5" pageNumber="153">2</figureCitation>
)
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<emphasis id="B904A078FFB2FFE2FF1CF8ACFF690C2B" bold="true" box="[136,235,1819,1841]" pageId="5" pageNumber="153">Diagnosis</emphasis>
:—This new species is easily distinguishable in the genus by its dimorphic leaves, i.e., pseudopetiolated big basal leaves nearly opposite due to the shortening of the nodes and persistent at anthesis, with alternate small leaves on the erect flowering stem. It is closely related to
<taxonomicName id="4C7007E9FFB2FFE2FEFEF8D3FD980C63" baseAuthorityName="Froderstrom" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[362,538,1892,1913]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Phedimus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="5" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="odontophyllus">
<emphasis id="B904A078FFB2FFE2FEFEF8D3FD980C63" box="[362,538,1892,1913]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="153">Ph. odontophyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the latter differs in the creeping young, sterile shoots, and the ascending flowering stems with mostly opposite, dentate leaves of uniform size born in the upper part of the stems.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<emphasis id="B904A078FFB2FFE2FF1CF81BFF380CDB" bold="true" box="[136,186,1964,1985]" pageId="5" pageNumber="153">Type</emphasis>
:—
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.
<collectingRegion id="49B4B288FFB2FFE2FEA4F81BFE7C0CD8" box="[304,510,1964,1986]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="5" pageNumber="153">Guangdong Province</collectingRegion>
: Yangshan county, Changfudong, growing on limestone rocks,
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,
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, elevation
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,
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(fl. &amp; fr.),
<emphasis id="B904A078FFB2FFE2FE7DF867FD430CFF" box="[489,705,2000,2021]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="153">Chao Zhi 2019040601</emphasis>
(
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, Southern Medical University herbarium,
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!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36A2FE1FFB1FFE1FF1CFF29FC2209CE" pageId="6" pageNumber="154" type="description">
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<emphasis id="B904A078FFB1FFE1FF1CFF29FE900BA2" bold="true" box="[136,274,158,184]" pageId="6" pageNumber="154">Description</emphasis>
:—Perennial herbs. Rootstock short, sometimes long and distinct, with 1–2 branches at the top and several slender roots below. Leaves alternate. Basal ones persistent at anthesis, nearly opposite due to shortening of the nodes; leaf blades oval, elliptic, long elliptic or obovate,
<quantity id="4C88D18FFFB1FFE1FD2BFF51FCAB0A1B" box="[703,809,230,257]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="154" unit="cm" value="5.25" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="3.5">3.5–7 cm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4C88D18FFFB1FFE1FCE6FF51FC730A1B" box="[882,1009,230,257]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="154" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.5 cm</quantity>
wide, soft leathery, often purplish-red, midrib distinct, slightly prominent at the back of the leaf, apex obtuse or acute, margin nearly entire or slightly undulate, base narrowing into obvious pseudopetiole,
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long. Main stem stretching out at flowering stage, simple, erect, about
<quantity id="4C88D18FFFB1FFE1FF5AFEE5FE960A77" box="[206,276,338,365]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="154" unit="cm" value="20.0">20 cm</quantity>
high, often purple-red, internodes significantly elongated. Leaves on flowering stem much smaller than those at the base, obviously alternate, leaf blades suborbicular, about
<quantity id="4C88D18FFFB1FFE1FC35FEC1FC6D0A8B" box="[929,1007,374,401]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="154" unit="cm" value="1.2">1.2 cm</quantity>
in diameter, margin shallowly dentate, pseudopetioles gradually shorter,
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in length. Cymes terminal, sometimes with axillary ones, subtended by a bracteal leaf, mostly 3-branched, obliquely spreading or spreading, branches scorpioid. Flowers sessile, bracteoles leafy. Sepals 5, triangular linear,
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long, apex obtuse, base enlarged. Petals 5, golden yellow, lanceolate-oblong,
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long,
<quantity id="4C88D18FFFB1FFE1FED5FDB1FE23093B" box="[321,417,518,545]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="154" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
wide, apex long mucronate, base slightly narrow. Stamens 10, shorter than petals. Nectar scales 5, rectangular, ca. 1.0–
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wide, 0.8–1.0 mm high, apex slightly emarginated. Carpels 5, suberect, ovoidoblong,
<quantity id="4C88D18FFFB1FFE1FF77FDF9FEBC0973" box="[227,318,590,617]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="154" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
long, base connate for
<quantity id="4C88D18FFFB1FFE1FDA9FDF9FD440973" box="[573,710,590,617]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="154" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.7 mm</quantity>
. Follicles stellately horizontal, usually purplish-red when ripening, ca.
<quantity id="4C88D18FFFB1FFE1FF3BFDC4FF720997" box="[175,240,627,653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="154" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
long, base connate for ca.
<quantity id="4C88D18FFFB1FFE1FD8CFDC5FDDA0997" box="[536,600,626,653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="154" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
, adaxially gibbous. Seeds numerous, striate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF7C6AFFB1FFE1FF29FD21FC2209CE" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,796]" pageId="6" pageNumber="154">
<emphasis id="B904A078FFB1FFE1FF29FD21FE6609AA" bold="true" box="[189,484,662,688]" pageId="6" pageNumber="154">Habitat and distribution</emphasis>
:—The new species was found only in its
<typeStatus id="54CBC2C8FFB1FFE1FC56FD20FC7009AB" box="[962,1010,663,689]" pageId="6" pageNumber="154">type</typeStatus>
locality. It inhabits limestone hills and rocks, at an elevation between ca. 200 and
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<quantity id="4C88D18FFFB1FFE1FDFDFD0DFD3109CF" box="[617,691,698,725]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="154" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
Fl. and fr. Mar–Apr.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36A2FE1FFB1FFE1FF29FD69FDC30806" pageId="6" pageNumber="154" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BCF7C6AFFB1FFE1FF29FD69FC5209E2" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,796]" box="[189,976,734,761]" pageId="6" pageNumber="154">
<emphasis id="B904A078FFB1FFE1FF29FD69FEBC09E2" bold="true" box="[189,318,734,760]" pageId="6" pageNumber="154">Etymology</emphasis>
:—The epithet refers to its
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locality, Yangshan County.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF7C6AFFB1FFE1FF29FCB5FDC30806" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,796]" box="[189,577,770,796]" pageId="6" pageNumber="154">
<emphasis id="B904A078FFB1FFE1FF29FCB5FEE60806" bold="true" box="[189,356,770,796]" pageId="6" pageNumber="154">Chinese name</emphasis>
:—Yangshan Feicai
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

178
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<mods:title id="84E397B1D8D29986CBE194B863E073B7">Lectotypification Of Three Names In The Genus Capillipedium (Andropogoneae: Poaceae)</mods:title>
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<heading id="D0B781B9FF810665FF293AE06D84F8B6" box="[136,1007,1790,1817]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="187" reason="4">
<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF810665FF293AE06EF6F8B6" bold="true" box="[136,157,1790,1816]" pageId="1" pageNumber="187">2.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF810665FF053AE06FC0F8B7" bold="true" box="[164,427,1790,1817]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="187">Capillipedium huegelii</emphasis>
(
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) A.
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. (
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)
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<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF810665FF293B386E86F892" bold="true" box="[136,237,1830,1852]" pageId="1" pageNumber="187">Basionym</emphasis>
:—
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<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF810665FEAD3B386FBDF895" box="[268,470,1830,1851]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="187">Andropogon huegelii</emphasis>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54FB8877FF810665FF293B546E86F8F1" box="[136,237,1866,1887]" pageId="1" pageNumber="187" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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:—
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,
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.
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.
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6764 [
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<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF810665FF293B906F71F806" bold="true" box="[136,282,1934,1960]" pageId="1" pageNumber="187">Distribution</emphasis>
:—
<collectingCountry id="F3577645FF810665FE9D3B906FFAF806" box="[316,401,1934,1960]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="187">INDIA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="4984F837FF810665FE3A3B906C38F806" box="[411,595,1934,1960]" country="India" name="Andhra Pradesh" pageId="1" pageNumber="187">Andhra Pradesh</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="4984F837FF810665FDFE3B906CDDF806" box="[607,694,1934,1960]" country="India" name="Gujarat" pageId="1" pageNumber="187">Gujarat</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="4984F837FF810665FD633B906DEAF806" box="[706,897,1934,1960]" country="India" name="Madhya Pradesh" pageId="1" pageNumber="187">Madhya Pradesh</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="4984F837FF810665FC2C3B906A68F806" box="[909,1027,1934,1960]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="1" pageNumber="187">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="4984F837FF810665FBAF3B906AF6F806" box="[1038,1181,1934,1960]" country="India" name="Maharashtra" pageId="1" pageNumber="187">Maharashtra</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="4984F837FF810665FB083B906B71F806" box="[1193,1306,1934,1960]" country="India" name="Rajasthan" pageId="1" pageNumber="187">Rajasthan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="4984F837FF810665FA873B906BC7F806" box="[1318,1452,1934,1960]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="1" pageNumber="187">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="4984F837FF810665FF163BAC6F2AF862" box="[183,321,1970,1996]" country="India" name="Uttarakhand" pageId="1" pageNumber="187">Uttarakhand</collectingRegion>
(endemic to the country;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B24FF810665FDC33BAC6D4CF863" author="Singh, P. &amp; Karthigeyan, K. &amp; Lakshminarasimhan, P. &amp; Dash, S. S." box="[610,807,1970,1997]" pageId="1" pageNumber="187" refId="ref2124" refString="Singh, P., Karthigeyan, K., Lakshminarasimhan, P. &amp; Dash, S. S. (2015) Endemic Vascular Plants of India. Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata, 296 pp." type="book" year="2015">
Singh
<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF810665FD0A3BAD6C88F862" box="[683,739,1970,1996]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="187">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFF36D5FF810666FF1C3BC86F62FE1A" blockId="1.[136,1452,1934,2069]" lastBlockId="2.[136,1452,158,436]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="188" pageId="1" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF810665FF1C3BC86F6BF85E" bold="true" box="[189,256,2006,2032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="187">Notes</emphasis>
:—
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B24FF810665FE803BC86FAFF85E" author="Hackel, E." box="[289,452,2006,2032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="187" pagination="1 - 716" refId="ref1912" refString="Hackel, E. (1889) Andropogoneae. In: De Candolle, A. &amp; De Candolle, C. (Eds.) Monographiae phanerogamarum, vol. 6. Sumptibus G. Masson, Paris, pp. 1 - 716. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 45961" type="book chapter" year="1889">Hackel (1889)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="4C404D56FF810665FD9C3BC86D43F85E" authorityName="Hackel" authorityYear="1889" box="[573,808,2006,2032]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Andropogon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="187" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="huegelii">
<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF810665FD9C3BC86D43F85E" box="[573,808,2006,2032]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="187">Andropogon huegelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on two gatherings from
<collectingCountry id="F3577645FF810665FB213BC86AD1F85E" box="[1152,1210,2006,2032]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="187">India</collectingCountry>
[Asia (Hügel n.
<quantity id="4CB89B30FF810665FAD23BC86EF5F7BA" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.69722" pageId="1" pageNumber="187" unit="in" value="2243.0">2243 in</quantity>
<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF810665FF073BE46E96F7BA" box="[166,253,2042,2068]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="187">h. Vind.</emphasis>
, verisimiliter, ut ex num. cit. patet, in
<collectingCountry id="F3577645FF810665FD103BE46C80F7BA" box="[689,747,2042,2068]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="187">India</collectingCountry>
ad pades Himalayae lectus); Radschputana in m. Abu (Duthie in h. m.)], but no specific herbarium sheet was designated as the
<typeStatus id="54FB8877FF820666FCDB3C806D8BFF16" box="[890,992,158,184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="188" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B24FF820666FB283C806BCDFF16" author="Stafleu, F. A. &amp; Cowan, R. S." box="[1161,1446,158,184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="188" refId="ref2164" refString="Stafleu, F. A. &amp; Cowan, R. S. (1976) Taxonomic literature 1. 2 ed., Bohn, Scheltema &amp; Holkema, Utrecht, 2, 267, 506 pp." type="book" year="1976">Stafleu &amp; Cowan (1976)</bibRefCitation>
, Hackel’s type specimens are mainly housed at W, which was the herbarium where he deposited his collections, with duplicates sent to several herbaria. Attempts were made to locate the type specimens at W, as well as other herbaria (BM, GB &amp; K). The two sheets of
<taxonomicName id="4C404D56FF820666FDB53D156CE6FE8A" authorityName="Hackel" authorityYear="1889" box="[532,653,266,293]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Andropogon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="188" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="huegelii">
<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF820666FDB53D156CE6FE8A" box="[532,653,266,293]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="188">A. huegelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
housed at W [
<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF820666FC923D156DC5FE8A" box="[819,942,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="188">J.F. Duthie</emphasis>
6764 (W19160028261!);
<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF820666FB773D156B00FE8A" box="[1238,1387,266,293]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="188">C.A.A. Hügel</emphasis>
2243 (W0027493!)] correspond to the original material cited by
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B24FF820666FCB93D306DD0FEE6" author="Hackel, E." box="[792,955,302,328]" pageId="2" pageNumber="188" pagination="1 - 716" refId="ref1912" refString="Hackel, E. (1889) Andropogoneae. In: De Candolle, A. &amp; De Candolle, C. (Eds.) Monographiae phanerogamarum, vol. 6. Sumptibus G. Masson, Paris, pp. 1 - 716. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 45961" type="book chapter" year="1889">Hackel (1889)</bibRefCitation>
. These
<specimenCount id="9D46FD5CFF820666FBAE3D316ADFFEE6" box="[1039,1204,302,329]" count="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="188" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
are
<typeStatus id="54FB8877FF820666FB423D316B23FEE7" box="[1251,1352,303,329]" pageId="2" pageNumber="188" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
, because a single specimen was not designated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B24FF820666FDEA3D4C6C81FEC2" author="Hackel, E." box="[587,746,338,364]" pageId="2" pageNumber="188" pagination="1 - 716" refId="ref1912" refString="Hackel, E. (1889) Andropogoneae. In: De Candolle, A. &amp; De Candolle, C. (Eds.) Monographiae phanerogamarum, vol. 6. Sumptibus G. Masson, Paris, pp. 1 - 716. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 45961" type="book chapter" year="1889">Hackel (1889)</bibRefCitation>
as the type. We chose the sheet W19160028261 as the
<typeStatus id="54FB8877FF820666FAE43D4C6BC7FEC2" box="[1349,1452,338,364]" pageId="2" pageNumber="188" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
because it the best and having complete specimen with original annotation by Hackel. It is agrees well with the protologue.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

177
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@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
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<subSubSection id="C35A655EFF830667FF293C806DD7FF16" box="[136,956,158,185]" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BFF36D5FF830667FF293C806DD7FF16" blockId="3.[136,1451,158,292]" box="[136,956,158,185]" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">
<heading id="D0B781B9FF830667FF293C806DD7FF16" box="[136,956,158,185]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" reason="4">
<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF830667FF293C806EF6FF16" bold="true" box="[136,157,158,184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C404D56FF830667FF053C806CA1FF16" ID-CoL="QQBR" authority="(Clarke) Stapf (1922" authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1922" baseAuthorityName="Clarke" box="[164,714,158,185]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Capillipedium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pteropechys">
<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF830667FF053C806FBCFF17" bold="true" box="[164,471,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">Capillipedium pteropechys</emphasis>
(Clarke)
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B24FF830667FDE23C806CA1FF16" author="Stapf, O." box="[579,714,158,184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" refId="ref2254" refString="Stapf, O. (1922) Hooker's Icones Plantarum 31. Dulau &amp; Co., Ltd., London. pl. 3085, pp. 4. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 16059" type="book" year="1922">Stapf (1922</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: sub t. 3085). (
<figureCitation id="137B2A50FF830667FCD13C806DD9FF16" box="[880,946,158,184]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1745,1767]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,386,1717]" captionTargetId="figure-76@3.[340,1247,386,1717]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Lectotype of Andropogon pteropechys C.B. Clarke (barcode K001057406). [© The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Reproduced with the consent of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876755" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876755/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
)
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<subSubSection id="C35A655EFF830667FF293CD86D64FE8A" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BFF36D5FF830667FF293CD86CDFFF75" blockId="3.[136,1451,158,292]" box="[136,692,198,220]" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF830667FF293CD86E86FF72" bold="true" box="[136,237,198,220]" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">Basionym</emphasis>
:—
<taxonomicName id="4C404D56FF830667FEAD3CD86CDBFF75" ID-CoL="66P63" authority="Clarke (1889: 88)" authorityName="C. B. Clarke" authorityPageNumber="88" authorityYear="1889" box="[268,688,198,220]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Andropogon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pteropechys">
<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF830667FEAD3CD86F97FF75" box="[268,508,198,219]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">Andropogon pteropechys</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B24FF830667FDA33CD86CDBFF75" author="Clarke, C. B." box="[514,688,198,220]" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" pagination="1 - 107" refId="ref1859" refString="Clarke, C. B. (1889) On the plants of Kohima and Muneypore. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 25 (165 - 169): 1 - 107. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8339.1889. tb 00793. x" type="journal article" year="1889">Clarke (1889: 88)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFF36D5FF830667FF293CF46D64FE8A" blockId="3.[136,1451,158,292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">
<materialsCitation id="3B283C88FF830667FF293CF46F35FE8A" collectingDate="1885-11-10" collectionCode="C, B" country="India" county="Naga Hills" location="Clarke" municipality="Kegwima" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" specimenCode="K001057406" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nagaland" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF830667FF293CF46FCDFF51" bold="true" box="[136,422,233,255]" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">
<typeStatus id="54FB8877FF830667FF293CF46E86FF51" box="[136,237,234,255]" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
(designated here)
</emphasis>
:—
<collectingCountry id="F3577645FF830667FE653CF46C63FF51" box="[452,520,234,255]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">INDIA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="4984F837FF830667FDB43CF46C1EFEAE" box="[533,629,234,256]" country="India" name="Nagaland" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">Nagaland</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="629E4E59FF830667FDDF3CF46C82FEAE" box="[638,745,234,256]" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">Naga Hills</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B9BACAFFF830667FD523CF46D3BFEAE" box="[755,848,234,256]" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">Kegwima</collectingMunicipality>
edge,
<date id="FFFE1015FF830667FC333CF46A24FEAE" box="[914,1103,234,256]" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" value="1885-11-10">
<collectingDate id="EFBAE9FDFF830667FC333CF46A24FEAE" box="[914,1103,234,256]" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" value="1885-11-10">10 November 1885</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF830667FBF83CF46AA7FF51" box="[1113,1228,234,255]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">
<collectionCode id="ED51AE10FF830667FBF83CF46A07FF51" box="[1113,1132,234,255]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="ED51AE10FF830667FBCE3CF46AEAFF51" box="[1135,1153,234,255]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
.
<location id="8E9F600EFF830667FB2A3CF46AA7FF51" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E987C3FF830660FF293C806A4AFE8A:8E9F600EFF830667FB2A3CF46AA7FF51" box="[1163,1228,234,255]" country="India" county="Naga Hills" municipality="Kegwima" name="Clarke" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" stateProvince="Nagaland">Clarke</location>
</emphasis>
61896
<collectionCode id="ED51AE10FF830667FAB13CF46B74FEAE" box="[1296,1311,234,256]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="DBE69EAEFF830667FA8A3CF46BC0FEAE" box="[1323,1451,234,256]" collectionCode="K" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" type="Herbarium">K001057406</specimenCode>
(digital image!)]
</materialsCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="54FB8877FF830667FEC63D106FB7FE8A" box="[359,476,270,292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" type="isolectotype">Isolectotype</typeStatus>
: K001057408 (digital image!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35A655EFF830660FF293D4C6A4AFE8A" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="190" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BFF36D5FF830667FF293D4C6A12FEC3" blockId="3.[136,1145,338,365]" box="[136,1145,338,365]" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF830667FF293D4C6F71FEC2" bold="true" box="[136,282,338,364]" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">Distribution</emphasis>
:—
<collectingCountry id="F3577645FF830667FE9D3D4C6FFAFEC2" box="[316,401,338,364]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">INDIA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="4984F837FF830667FE3A3D4C6F8CFEC2" box="[411,487,338,364]" country="India" name="Assam" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">Assam</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="4984F837FF830667FDBC3D4C6CE3FEC2" box="[541,648,338,364]" country="India" name="Nagaland" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">Nagaland</collectingRegion>
(endemic to the country;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B24FF830667FC083D4C6A06FEC3" author="Singh, P. &amp; Karthigeyan, K. &amp; Lakshminarasimhan, P. &amp; Dash, S. S." box="[937,1133,338,365]" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" refId="ref2124" refString="Singh, P., Karthigeyan, K., Lakshminarasimhan, P. &amp; Dash, S. S. (2015) Endemic Vascular Plants of India. Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata, 296 pp." type="book" year="2015">
Singh
<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF830667FC503D4D6A41FEC2" box="[1009,1066,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3F665DFF830667FF293ACF6DF3F8A4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876755" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13876755" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876755/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" startId="3.[136,229,1745,1767]" targetBox="[340,1247,386,1717]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFF36D5FF830667FF293ACF6DF3F8A4" blockId="3.[136,1452,1744,1803]" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF830667FF293ACF6E95F948" bold="true" box="[136,254,1745,1767]" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Lectotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C404D56FF830667FE273ACF6C9BF949" authority="C. B. Clarke" authorityName="C. B. Clarke" authorityYear="1889" box="[390,752,1745,1767]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Andropogon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pteropechys">
<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF830667FE273ACF6C1CF948" box="[390,631,1745,1766]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">Andropogon pteropechys</emphasis>
C.B. Clarke
</taxonomicName>
(barcode K001057406). [© The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Reproduced with the consent of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFF36D5FF830660FF1C3B246A4AFE8A" blockId="3.[136,1452,1849,2092]" lastBlockId="4.[136,1451,158,293]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="190" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF830667FF1C3B246F6BF8FA" bold="true" box="[189,256,1850,1876]" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">Notes</emphasis>
:—When
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B24FF830667FED03B276C7BF8FA" author="Clarke, C. B." box="[369,528,1849,1876]" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" pagination="1 - 107" refId="ref1859" refString="Clarke, C. B. (1889) On the plants of Kohima and Muneypore. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 25 (165 - 169): 1 - 107. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8339.1889. tb 00793. x" type="journal article" year="1889">Clarke (1889)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="4C404D56FF830667FD2E3B276DC1F8FD" authorityName="C. B. Clarke" authorityYear="1889" box="[655,938,1849,1875]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Andropogon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pteropechys">
<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF830667FD2E3B276DC1F8FD" box="[655,938,1849,1875]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">Andropogon pteropechys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, he cited two gatherings [Kohima, alt.
<quantity id="4CB89B30FF830667FAD23B276ED9F8D9" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6764" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" unit="ft" value="5500.0">5500 feet</quantity>
(n. 41187); Jakpho, alt.
<quantity id="4CB89B30FF830667FE723B436C54F8D9" box="[467,575,1885,1912]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.286" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" unit="ft" value="7500.0">7500 feet</quantity>
(n. 41896)] as part of the original material consulted. According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFD14B24FF830667FAFD3B436F3BF835" author="Stafleu, F. A. &amp; Cowan, R. S." pageId="3" pageNumber="189" refId="ref2164" refString="Stafleu, F. A. &amp; Cowan, R. S. (1976) Taxonomic literature 1. 2 ed., Bohn, Scheltema &amp; Holkema, Utrecht, 2, 267, 506 pp." type="book" year="1976">Stafleu &amp; Cowan (1976)</bibRefCitation>
, Clarke’s collections are mainly housed at K and CAL, with duplicates in several herbaria. We found three sheets of specimens collected by Clarke at K [
<collectingRegion id="4984F837FF830667FCB13BBB6DEAF811" box="[784,897,1957,1983]" country="India" name="Nagaland" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">Nagaland</collectingRegion>
, Kegwima Edge, Naga Hills,
<date id="FFFE1015FF830667FB6C3BB86BCCF86E" box="[1229,1447,1957,1984]" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" value="1885-11-10">10 November 1885</date>
,
<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF830667FF293BD46F65F84D" box="[136,270,1993,2020]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">C.B. Clarke</emphasis>
61896C (K001057406!), 61896E (K001057408!); Kegwima, Naga Hills,
<date id="FFFE1015FF830667FBF63BD76B72F84A" box="[1111,1305,1993,2020]" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" value="1885-10-26">26 October 1885</date>
,
<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF830667FA843BD46BC0F84D" box="[1317,1451,1993,2020]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">C.B. Clarke</emphasis>
41187A (K001057407!)] which bears all details in Clarke’s own handwriting. Besides, we also found one of Clarke’s collections in W (W19160028300!), annotated only as “
<taxonomicName id="4C404D56FF830667FCAB340F6A4FF785" authorityName="C. B. Clarke" authorityYear="1889" box="[778,1060,2065,2091]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Andropogon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pteropechys">
<emphasis id="B934EAC7FF830667FCAB340F6A4FF785" box="[778,1060,2065,2091]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="189">Andropogon pteropechys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” in Clarke’s handwriting, without further details on the label. It is possible that he had used this specimen (W barcode W19160028300) as type when he published his work. The specimen 61896C (K001057406) is designated here as the
<typeStatus id="54FB8877FF840660FB983CDC6ACBFF72" box="[1081,1184,194,220]" pageId="4" pageNumber="190" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
because it bears details of date, locality, and number in C.B. Clarke’s own handwriting, an annotation as “sp nova”, and also illustrations of the floral parts made by Clarke that correspond to the original description (
<figureCitation id="137B2A50FF840660FC6E3D146A78FE8A" box="[975,1043,266,292]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1745,1767]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,386,1717]" captionTargetId="figure-76@3.[340,1247,386,1717]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Lectotype of Andropogon pteropechys C.B. Clarke (barcode K001057406). [© The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Reproduced with the consent of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876755" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876755/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

312
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@ -0,0 +1,312 @@
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<mods:title id="3C06C344211C09D22157E6274C5BBB38">Thismia jianfenglingensis (Thismiaceae), a new species of fairy lantern from Hainan Island, China</mods:title>
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<heading id="C307CA1AFD20FF9EFF4ED21B88CDF82F" box="[136,1204,1916,1943]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="180" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="5FF006F5FD20FF9EFF4ED21B8F40F82C" ID-CoL="9V5NZ" authority="Han Xu, H.J. Yang and S.Q. Fang" authorityName="Han Xu, H. J. Yang and S. Q. Fang" authorityYear="2020" box="[136,825,1916,1943]" class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" genus="Thismia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="1" pageNumber="180" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jianfenglingensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="AA84A164FD20FF9EFF4ED21B8DCCF82C" bold="true" box="[136,437,1916,1943]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">Thismia jianfenglingensis</emphasis>
Han Xu, H.J. Yang and S.Q. Fang
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,
<emphasis id="AA84A164FD20FF9EFC82D21A8FE0F82D" box="[836,921,1917,1942]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">
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</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="00CB61F3FD20FF9EFC6ED21B886DF82D" box="[936,1044,1916,1942]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="1.[136,229,1301,1323]" captionStartId-1="2.[136,229,1711,1733]" captionStartId-2="3.[136,229,2029,2051]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1399,275,1268]" captionTargetBox-1="[188,1400,243,1687]" captionTargetBox-2="[200,1415,565,1955]" captionTargetId-0="figure-58@1.[188,1399,275,1269]" captionTargetId-1="figure-48@2.[188,1400,243,1687]" captionTargetId-2="figure-200@3.[164,1423,533,2004]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionTargetPageId-2="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Flowering plants of Thismia jianfenglingensis." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Thismia jianfenglingensis. A. Flowers; B. Transverse section of perianth tube; C. Lobes of perianth tube forming a net-cover or mitre; D. Inner lobes of perianth; E. Outer lobes of perianth; F. Stamens; G. Stamens 6 anatropous and hanging down at the upper inner margin of perianth tube; H–I. Stigma and its lobes; J. Longitudinal section of ovary; K–L. Transverse section of ovary." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Thismia jianfenglingensis. A. Flowering plant; B. Rhizome; C. Flowers; D. Lobes of perianth tube forming a net-cover or mitre; E. Longitudinal section of ovary; F. Stigma; G. Transverse section of ovary; H. Perianth tube; I. Stamens; J–L. Bracts." pageId="1" pageNumber="180">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
). 尖峰水玉杯
</heading>
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<subSubSection id="D0EA2EFDFD20FF9EFF4ED2C48EA5F79E" pageId="1" pageNumber="180" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="984F7D76FD20FF9EFF4ED2C48EA5F79E" blockId="1.[136,1452,1955,2086]" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">
<emphasis id="AA84A164FD20FF9EFF4ED2C48C8AF802" bold="true" box="[136,243,1955,1977]" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
—
<taxonomicName id="5FF006F5FD20FF9EFECDD2C38E7DF802" authorityName="Han Xu, H. J. Yang and S. Q. Fang" authorityYear="2020" box="[267,516,1956,1977]" class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" genus="Thismia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="1" pageNumber="180" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jianfenglingensis">
<emphasis id="AA84A164FD20FF9EFECDD2C38E7DF802" box="[267,516,1956,1977]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">Thismia jianfenglingensis</emphasis>
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most closely resembles
<taxonomicName id="5FF006F5FD20FF9EFD30D2C38FE7F802" box="[758,926,1956,1977]" class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" genus="Thismia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="1" pageNumber="180" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hongkongensis">
<emphasis id="AA84A164FD20FF9EFD30D2C38FE7F802" box="[758,926,1956,1977]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="180">T. hongkongensis</emphasis>
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, but differs from it by having the perianth tube dark-red and cylindrical-urceolate (not pinkish-white obpyriform-urceolate), the outer perianth lobes are embedded in the dome (not separated from the dome), the connective apex is slightly concave (not bidentate), the lateral appendage of the connective is entire (not trilobed) and the stigma lobe is acute (not rounded).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="AA84A164FD23FF9DFF4ED5F88CC3FF0F" bold="true" box="[136,186,159,180]" pageId="2" pageNumber="181">Type</emphasis>
:—
<materialsCitation id="2898772BFD23FF9DFF11D5F88F74FF63" collectingDate="2017-06-20" collectionCode="CANT, IBSC" country="China" county="Ledong County" elevation="875" latitude="18.728056" location="Wufengqu" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="108.89989" municipality="Jianfengling National Nature Reserve" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Hainan" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="E0E73DE6FD23FF9DFF11D5F88D51FF0F" box="[215,296,159,180]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="181">CHINA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="5A34B394FD23FF9DFEF4D5F88D02FF0E" box="[306,379,159,181]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="2" pageNumber="181">Hainan</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="712E05FAFD23FF9DFE40D5F88E67FF0F" box="[390,542,159,181]" pageId="2" pageNumber="181">Ledong County</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="782BE70CFD23FF9DFDEFD5F88FE0FF0E" box="[553,921,159,181]" pageId="2" pageNumber="181">Jianfengling National Nature Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="9D2F2BADFD23FF9DFC65D5F88873FF0E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1059CC60FD20FF9BFF4ED21B887CFD43:9D2F2BADFD23FF9DFC65D5F88873FF0E" box="[931,1034,159,181]" country="China" county="Ledong County" latitude="18.728056" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="108.89989" municipality="Jianfengling National Nature Reserve" name="Wufengqu" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" stateProvince="Hainan">Wufengqu</location>
,
<quantity id="5F08D093FD23FF9DFBD3D5F8882CFF0E" box="[1045,1109,159,181]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.75" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" unit="m" value="875.0">
<elevation id="13DD9A45FD23FF9DFBD3D5F8882CFF0E" box="[1045,1109,159,181]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.75" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" unit="m" value="875.0">875 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FDC41BB1FD23FF9DFBA6D5F88890FF0F" box="[1120,1257,159,180]" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" precision="1" seconds="41.0" value="18.728056">18°43’41.0”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FDC41BB1FD23FF9DFB33D5F889F1FF0E" box="[1269,1416,159,181]" degrees="108" direction="east" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" precision="1" seconds="59.6" value="108.89989">108°53’59.6”E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="EC4E5BB6FD23FF9DFA55D5F88D58FF63" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" value="2017-06-20">
<collectingDate id="FC0AA25EFD23FF9DFA55D5F88D58FF63" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" value="2017-06-20">20 June 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="AA84A164FD23FF9DFEEDD5A38DB6FF63" box="[299,463,195,217]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="181">Han Xu 2017001</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="474BC3D4FD23FF9DFE1AD5A48E4BFF62" box="[476,562,195,217]" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="FEE1E5B3FD23FF9DFDF1D5A48E03FF63" box="[567,634,195,216]" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14089" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14089" name="South China Agricultural University" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" type="Herbarium">CANT</collectionCode>
;
<typeStatus id="474BC3D4FD23FF9DFD42D5A48EB0FF62" box="[644,713,195,217]" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" type="isotype">isotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="FEE1E5B3FD23FF9DFD09D5A48F7FFF63" box="[719,774,195,216]" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" name="South China Botanical Garden" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" type="Herbarium">IBSC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<caption id="CC8F2DFEFD23FF9DFF4ED3C88882F8B7" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" startId="2.[136,229,1711,1733]" targetBox="[188,1400,243,1687]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="984F7D76FD23FF9DFF4ED3C88882F8B7" blockId="2.[136,1452,1711,1805]" pageId="2" pageNumber="181">
<emphasis id="AA84A164FD23FF9DFF4ED3C88C84F97F" bold="true" box="[136,253,1711,1733]" pageId="2" pageNumber="181">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5FF006F5FD23FF9DFEC5D3C88D83F97F" authorityName="Han Xu, H. J. Yang and S. Q. Fang" authorityYear="2020" box="[259,506,1711,1732]" class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" genus="Thismia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jianfenglingensis">
<emphasis id="AA84A164FD23FF9DFEC5D3C88D83F97F" box="[259,506,1711,1732]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="181">Thismia jianfenglingensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A. Flowers; B. Transverse section of perianth tube; C. Lobes of perianth tube forming a net-cover or mitre; D. Inner lobes of perianth; E. Outer lobes of perianth; F. Stamens; G. Stamens 6 anatropous and hanging down at the upper inner margin of perianth tube; H–I. Stigma and its lobes; J. Longitudinal section of ovary; K–L. Transverse section of ovary.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="984F7D76FD23FF9CFF4ED25C897BFE46" blockId="2.[136,1452,1851,2058]" lastBlockId="3.[136,1452,158,509]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="182" pageId="2" pageNumber="181">
Herbs, annual, without chlorophyll, myco-heterotrophic, with creeping vermiform and a ca.
<quantity id="5F08D093FD23FF9DFB71D25C8885F8ED" box="[1207,1276,1851,1878]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
thick rhizome. Stem white, unbranched, erect, and glabrous, ca.
<quantity id="5F08D093FD23FF9DFD7CD2388F76F8C1" box="[698,783,1887,1914]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" unit="cm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 cm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="5F08D093FD23FF9DFC9FD2388FC9F8C1" box="[857,944,1887,1914]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
in diameter. Leaves 2–4, cauline, scale-like, whitish, elliptic lanceolate, entire, glabrous with blunt apex,
<quantity id="5F08D093FD23FF9DFCECD2E48FE2F825" box="[810,923,1923,1950]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="3.0">3–3.5 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="5F08D093FD23FF9DFC27D2E4882BF825" box="[993,1106,1923,1950]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 mm</quantity>
wide. Flowers 2–3, subsessile, terminal, and arranged in a cincinnus. Bracts 3,
<quantity id="5F08D093FD23FF9DFD67D2C08E87F879" box="[673,766,1959,1986]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
long, elliptic. Corolla actinomorphic, glabrous, deep orange-red in color. Floral tube urceolate with 12 ribs on its surface,
<quantity id="5F08D093FD23FF9DFCF5D2AC8F0DF85D" box="[819,884,1995,2022]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="5F08D093FD23FF9DFC7CD2AB8F83F85D" box="[954,1018,1996,2022]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
in diameter. Perianth lobes numbering
<quantity id="5F08D093FD23FF9DFF4ED2888CCDF7B2" box="[136,180,2031,2057]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" unit="in" value="6.0">6 in</quantity>
2 whorls. Outer lobes linear,
<quantity id="5F08D093FD23FF9DFDC2D2888E0EF7B1" box="[516,631,2031,2058]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="3.0">3–3.5 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="5F08D093FD23FF9DFD78D2888F79F7B1" box="[702,768,2031,2058]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="181" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
wide, apex oblique triangular, and lacking appendage. Inner lobes linear,
<quantity id="5F08D093FD22FF9CFEDCD5F98DDBFF02" box="[282,418,158,185]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="182" unit="mm" value="2.65" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="2.5">2.5–2.8 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="5F08D093FD22FF9CFE2AD5F98E57FF02" box="[492,558,158,185]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="182" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
wide, apex narrowly triangularly and extended into a filiform appendage. The lobes are imbricate without adhesion and form a loose dome with six holes in a woven manner; holes elliptic, 1.0–
<quantity id="5F08D093FD22FF9CFA4FD5A58CCDFEBA" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="182" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
wide, 1.8–2.0 mm high. Stamens 6,
<quantity id="5F08D093FD22FF9CFD95D5818EBFFEBA" box="[595,710,230,257]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="182" unit="mm" value="3.75" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.5">3.5–4 mm</quantity>
long, anatropous, and hanging down at the upper inner margin of the perianth tube, dark-red; filaments free,
<quantity id="5F08D093FD22FF9CFDB7D46D8EB1FE9E" box="[625,712,266,293]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="182" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
long; connective broad and flattened, laterally connate to form a tube, ca.
<quantity id="5F08D093FD22FF9CFF28D4498D56FEF2" box="[238,303,302,329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="182" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
long, glabrous; apical end of the individual connective slightly concave, without any processes, and a slightly exceeding lateral appendage; lateral appendage large, nose-shaped, glabrous; each stamen with two separate thecae,
<quantity id="5F08D093FD22FF9CFF1AD4118D65FE2A" box="[220,284,374,401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="182" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
long, abaxial. Ovary inferior, obconical,
<quantity id="5F08D093FD22FF9CFD25D4118F5BFE2A" box="[739,802,374,401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="182" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="5F08D093FD22FF9CFCA0D4118FAEFE2A" box="[870,983,374,401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="182" unit="mm" value="3.75" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.5">3.5–4 mm</quantity>
in diameter; carpels 3, laterally connate to
<taxonomicName id="5FF006F5FD22FF9CFF4ED4FD8C94FE0E" box="[136,237,410,437]" form="one" pageId="3" pageNumber="182" rank="form">form one</taxonomicName>
chamber; placenta columnar, free central, and trilobed to base; ovules numerous on each lobe of the placenta; style translucent red, cylindrical, and glabrous,
<quantity id="5F08D093FD22FF9CFD6DD4D98F4CFE62" box="[683,821,446,473]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="182" unit="mm" value="1.4" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.5 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="5F08D093FD22FF9CFC46D4D98FA0FE62" box="[896,985,446,473]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="182" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
in diameter; stigma 3, triangular, entire, translucent white, margin in a slightly reverse roll and bearing short prickles. Fruit and seeds not seen.
</paragraph>
<caption id="CC8F2DFEFD22FF9CFF4ED28A894FF79C" pageId="3" pageNumber="182" startId="3.[136,229,2029,2051]" targetBox="[200,1415,565,1955]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="984F7D76FD22FF9CFF4ED28A894FF79C" blockId="3.[136,1451,2029,2087]" pageId="3" pageNumber="182">
<emphasis id="AA84A164FD22FF9CFF4ED28A8C86F7B9" bold="true" box="[136,255,2029,2051]" pageId="3" pageNumber="182">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5FF006F5FD22FF9CFEC0D28A8D86F7B9" authorityName="Han Xu, H. J. Yang and S. Q. Fang" authorityYear="2020" box="[262,511,2029,2050]" class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" genus="Thismia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="3" pageNumber="182" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jianfenglingensis">
<emphasis id="AA84A164FD22FF9CFEC0D28A8D86F7B9" box="[262,511,2029,2050]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="182">Thismia jianfenglingensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A. Flowering plant; B. Rhizome; C. Flowers; D. Lobes of perianth tube forming a net-cover or mitre; E. Longitudinal section of ovary; F. Stigma; G. Transverse section of ovary; H. Perianth tube; I. Stamens; J–L. Bracts.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="984F7D76FD25FF9BFF7BD5F98D83FF03" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,761]" box="[189,506,158,184]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">
<emphasis id="AA84A164FD25FF9BFF7BD5F98D3AFF03" bold="true" box="[189,323,158,184]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Phenology:</emphasis>
—Fl. June–July.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D0EA2EFDFD25FF9BFF7BD5A589D3FE2A" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="984F7D76FD25FF9BFF7BD5A589D3FE2A" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,761]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">
<emphasis id="AA84A164FD25FF9BFF7BD5A58DA2FF67" bold="true" box="[189,475,194,220]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
:—This is the first documented report of
<taxonomicName id="5FF006F5FD25FF9BFC54D5A58F95FF67" authorityName="Griffith" authorityYear="1844" box="[914,1004,194,220]" class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" genus="Thismia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AA84A164FD25FF9BFC54D5A58F95FF67" box="[914,1004,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Thismia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the
<typeStatus id="474BC3D4FD25FF9BFB85D5A4880AFF66" box="[1091,1139,195,221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">type</typeStatus>
species,
<taxonomicName id="5FF006F5FD25FF9BFB15D5A489D2FF67" authorityName="Han Xu, H. J. Yang and S. Q. Fang" authorityYear="2020" box="[1235,1451,194,220]" class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" genus="Thismia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jianfenglingensis">
<emphasis id="AA84A164FD25FF9BFB15D5A489D2FF67" box="[1235,1451,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">T.jianfenglingensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingRegion id="5A34B394FD25FF9BFF65D5818C8DFEBB" box="[163,244,230,256]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Hainan</collectingRegion>
Island. Thus, we presume the distribution of the species is limited to Jianfengling National Nature Reserve on
<collectingRegion id="5A34B394FD25FF9BFF4ED46D8CA0FE9F" box="[136,217,266,292]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Hainan</collectingRegion>
Island,
<collectingCountry id="E0E73DE6FD25FF9BFEF7D46D8D01FE9F" box="[305,376,266,292]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">China</collectingCountry>
. It grows in tropical montane rain forest at an elevation of about
<quantity id="5F08D093FD25FF9BFB81D46D88E9FE9E" box="[1095,1168,266,293]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.75" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" unit="m" value="875.0">875 m</quantity>
, although it is likely rare. This species was collected right next to an
<taxonomicName id="5FF006F5FD25FF9BFDAAD4498FEFFEF3" box="[620,918,302,328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Engelhardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="roxburghiana">
<emphasis id="AA84A164FD25FF9BFDAAD4498FEFFEF3" box="[620,918,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Engelhardia roxburghiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
tree (
<taxonomicName id="5FF006F5FD25FF9BFC11D449880AFEF3" box="[983,1139,302,328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Juglandaceae</taxonomicName>
). The dominant tree species in the Jianfengling forest include of
<taxonomicName id="5FF006F5FD25FF9BFDE4D4348E9DFED7" box="[546,740,338,364]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Livistona" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="saribus">
<emphasis id="AA84A164FD25FF9BFDE4D4348E9DFED7" box="[546,740,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Livistona saribus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="5FF006F5FD25FF9BFD35D4358F17FED7" box="[755,878,338,364]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Arecaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="5FF006F5FD25FF9BFC47D4348806FED7" box="[897,1151,338,365]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Cryptocarya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chinensis">
<emphasis id="AA84A164FD25FF9BFC47D4348806FED7" box="[897,1151,338,365]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Cryptocarya chinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="5FF006F5FD25FF9BFB48D435897EFED7" box="[1166,1287,338,364]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lauraceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="5FF006F5FD25FF9BFADDD4358D77FE2B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Alseodaphne" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hainanensis">
<emphasis id="AA84A164FD25FF9BFADDD4358D77FE2B" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Alseodaphne hainanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="5FF006F5FD25FF9BFEDAD4118DECFE2B" box="[284,405,374,400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lauraceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="5FF006F5FD25FF9BFE6ED4118ECCFE2B" box="[424,693,374,400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Lithocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fenzelianus">
<emphasis id="AA84A164FD25FF9BFE6ED4118ECCFE2B" box="[424,693,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Lithocarpus fenzelianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="5FF006F5FD25FF9BFD02D4118F4BFE2B" authorityName="Dumortier" authorityYear="1829" box="[708,818,374,400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="5FF006F5FD25FF9BFC83D4108822FE2B" box="[837,1115,374,400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Prismatomeris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tetrandra">
<emphasis id="AA84A164FD25FF9BFC83D4108822FE2B" box="[837,1115,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Prismatomeris tetrandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="5FF006F5FD25FF9BFBAFD4118898FE2B" box="[1129,1249,374,400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rubiaceae</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="FC610087FD25FF9BFB31D41189E7FE2A" author="Xu, H. &amp; Li, Y. D. &amp; Lin, M. X. &amp; Wu, J. H. &amp; Luo, T. S. &amp; Zhou, Z. &amp; Chen, D. X. &amp; Yang, H. &amp; Li, G. J. &amp; Liu, S. R." box="[1271,1438,374,401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" pagination="192 - 201" refId="ref3723" refString="Xu, H., Li, Y. D., Lin, M. X., Wu, J. H., Luo, T. S., Zhou, Z., Chen, D. X., Yang, H., Li, G. J. &amp; Liu, S. R. (2015) Community characteristics of a 60 ha dynamic plot in the tropical montane rain forest in Jianfengling, Hainan Island. Biodiversity Science 23: 192 - 201. https: // doi. org / 10.17520 / biods. 2014157" type="journal article" year="2015">
Xu
<emphasis id="AA84A164FD25FF9BFAE4D4108923FE2B" box="[1314,1370,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D0EA2EFDFD25FF9BFF7BD4FD887CFD43" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="984F7D76FD25FF9BFF7BD4FD8EEAFE63" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,761]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">
<emphasis id="AA84A164FD25FF9BFF7BD4FD8D47FE0F" bold="true" box="[189,318,410,436]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Etymology</emphasis>
:—The specific epithet for this species is related to place of its collection. Jianfengling is the name of the National Nature Reserve in
<collectingRegion id="5A34B394FD25FF9BFE2CD4D98E47FE63" box="[490,574,446,472]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Hainan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="E0E73DE6FD25FF9BFD8FD4D98EE9FE63" box="[585,656,446,472]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">China</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="984F7D76FD25FF9BFF7BD485887CFD43" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,761]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">
<emphasis id="AA84A164FD25FF9BFF7BD4858DD5FE47" bold="true" box="[189,428,482,508]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Conservation status</emphasis>
:—This species grows in the Jianfengling National Nature Reserve. In spite of many field surveys, only six individuals have been found. Taking into consideration the reproductive capacity of
<taxonomicName id="5FF006F5FD25FF9BFAD9D7618900FD9B" authorityName="Griffith" authorityYear="1844" box="[1311,1401,518,544]" class="Liliopsida" family="Burmanniaceae" genus="Thismia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dioscoreales" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AA84A164FD25FF9BFAD9D7618900FD9B" box="[1311,1401,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="183">Thismia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the protected habitats where this species grows, more populations may be found in the future. However, in 2018, we visited the locality where the new species was collected but found no individuals. Therefore, we believe that the new species should be assigned the Vulnerable (VU) conservation status according to IUCN Red List criteria, indicating a population with a very restricted area of occupancy or number of locations such that it is prone to the effects of human activities or stochastic events within a very short time period in an uncertain future, and is thus capable of becoming Critically Endangered or even Extinct in a very short time period (
<bibRefCitation id="FC610087FD25FF9BFCA8D7B98F80FD43" author="IUCN" box="[878,1017,734,760]" pageId="4" pageNumber="183" refId="ref3041" refString="IUCN. (2019) IUCN Red List of threatened species. Version 2019 - 2. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Available from: http: // www. iucnredlist. org (accessed 20 January 2020)" type="url" year="2019">IUCN 2019</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

149
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<mods:title id="BB74A9C327BF76B0957F649506CF395A">A New Aerophilic Neidium Pfister (Neidiaceae, Bacillariophyta) species from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China</mods:title> <mods:title id="D875989E2CA75A7891DD738BD6D5B467">A New Aerophilic Neidium Pfister (Neidiaceae, Bacillariophyta) species from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China</mods:title>
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<figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF8670C4FA9C2A36FABF" box="[704,820,1324,1350]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–3" captionStart-1="FIGURES 4–6" captionStart-2="FIGURES 7–13" captionStart-3="FIGURES 14–18" captionStart-4="FIGURES 19–23" captionStartId-0="2.[136,243,1953,1975]" captionStartId-1="3.[136,243,1755,1777]" captionStartId-2="4.[136,243,1779,1801]" captionStartId-3="5.[136,243,1843,1865]" captionStartId-4="6.[136,243,1473,1495]" captionTargetBox-0="[223,1375,193,1926]" captionTargetBox-1="[207,1391,200,1711]" captionTargetBox-2="[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1436,593,1772]" captionTargetBox-4="[164,1423,190,1439]" captionTargetId-0="figure-27@2.[203,1384,187,1926]" captionTargetId-1="figure-18@3.[177,1411,190,1731]" captionTargetId-2="figure-27@4.[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetId-3="figure-172@5.[151,1436,593,1782]" captionTargetId-4="figure-27@6.[164,1423,190,1449]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionTargetPageId-4="6" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–3. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. LM pictures. Valve views showing size dimension various. Fig.2 is of the holotype. Scale bar = 10 µm." captionText-1="FIGURES 4–6. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. LM pictures. Valve views showing size dimension various. Scale bar = 10 µm." captionText-2="FIGURES 7–13. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 7: Whole valve, showing the twisted part (white arrow); Fig. 8: Wedge-shaped apex, with lacinia covered the terminal raphe ends (white arrow); Fig. 9: Wedge-shaped apex of the same valve with lacinia original from mantle (white arrow); Fig. 10: Longitudinal canal with one or two rows of areolae (with arrow); Fig. 11: Magnification of the areolae opening, showing the volate occlusions. Fig. 12: Elliptical central area, with proximal raphe ends curved in opposite sides, some areolae positioned at the axial area next to the raphe (white arrow); Fig. 13: Uncompleted valve, with unoccluded areolae." captionText-3="FIGURES 14–18. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 14: Girdle view of the whole frustule; showing the twist of the valve; Fig. 15: Unporiod girdle bands; Fig. 16: Girdle view of the apex, showing the original position of lacinia (white arrow); Fig. 17: Areolae in the axial area with volate occlusions (white arrow); Fig. 18: Areolae on the longitudinal canal with volate occlusions (white arrow)." captionText-4="FIGURES 19–23. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, internal view. Fig. 19: Whole valve; Fig. 20: Valve apex, helictoglossae on the valve face (white arrow); Fig. 21: Valve apex, raised helictoglossae (white arrow) and renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 22: Proximal raphe ends fused to an elongated structure, raised upon the valve (white arrow), renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 23: Magnification of internal opening of areolae with hymenes, the opening of areolae on the longitudinal canal are elongated (white arrow), renilimbi along the longitudinal canal (black arrow)." pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Figs 1–23</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF8670C4FA9C2A36FABF" box="[704,820,1324,1350]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–3" captionStart-1="FIGURES 4–6" captionStart-2="FIGURES 7–13" captionStart-3="FIGURES 14–18" captionStart-4="FIGURES 19–23" captionStartId-0="2.[136,243,1953,1975]" captionStartId-1="3.[136,243,1755,1777]" captionStartId-2="4.[136,243,1779,1801]" captionStartId-3="5.[136,243,1843,1865]" captionStartId-4="6.[136,243,1473,1495]" captionTargetBox-0="[223,1375,193,1926]" captionTargetBox-1="[207,1391,200,1711]" captionTargetBox-2="[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1436,593,1772]" captionTargetBox-4="[164,1423,190,1439]" captionTargetId-0="figure-27@2.[203,1384,187,1926]" captionTargetId-1="figure-18@3.[177,1411,190,1731]" captionTargetId-2="figure-27@4.[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetId-3="figure-172@5.[151,1436,593,1782]" captionTargetId-4="figure-27@6.[164,1423,190,1449]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionTargetPageId-4="6" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–3. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. LM pictures. Valve views showing size dimension various. Fig.2 is of the holotype. Scale bar = 10 µm." captionText-1="FIGURES 4–6. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. LM pictures. Valve views showing size dimension various. Scale bar = 10 µm." captionText-2="FIGURES 7–13. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 7: Whole valve, showing the twisted part (white arrow); Fig. 8: Wedge-shaped apex, with lacinia covered the terminal raphe ends (white arrow); Fig. 9: Wedge-shaped apex of the same valve with lacinia original from mantle (white arrow); Fig. 10: Longitudinal canal with one or two rows of areolae (with arrow); Fig. 11: Magnification of the areolae opening, showing the volate occlusions. Fig. 12: Elliptical central area, with proximal raphe ends curved in opposite sides, some areolae positioned at the axial area next to the raphe (white arrow); Fig. 13: Uncompleted valve, with unoccluded areolae." captionText-3="FIGURES 14–18. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 14: Girdle view of the whole frustule; showing the twist of the valve; Fig. 15: Unporiod girdle bands; Fig. 16: Girdle view of the apex, showing the original position of lacinia (white arrow); Fig. 17: Areolae in the axial area with volate occlusions (white arrow); Fig. 18: Areolae on the longitudinal canal with volate occlusions (white arrow)." captionText-4="FIGURES 19–23. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, internal view. Fig. 19: Whole valve; Fig. 20: Valve apex, helictoglossae on the valve face (white arrow); Fig. 21: Valve apex, raised helictoglossae (white arrow) and renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 22: Proximal raphe ends fused to an elongated structure, raised upon the valve (white arrow), renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 23: Magnification of internal opening of areolae with hymenes, the opening of areolae on the longitudinal canal are elongated (white arrow), renilimbi along the longitudinal canal (black arrow)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876563" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876565" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876567" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876569" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876571" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13876563/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13876565/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13876567/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/13876569/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/13876571/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Figs 1–23</figureCitation>
) )
</emphasis> </emphasis>
</heading> </heading>
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE1A36A6FFF0FF86728CFAE129EBF9BB" blockId="1.[136,1452,1324,1999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="172"> <paragraph id="CE1A36A6FFF0FF86728CFAE129EBF9BB" blockId="1.[136,1452,1324,1999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">
LM description ( LM description (
<figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF867348FAE028D8FA93" box="[332,474,1360,1386]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–3" captionStart-1="FIGURES 4–6" captionStartId-0="2.[136,243,1953,1975]" captionStartId-1="3.[136,243,1755,1777]" captionTargetBox-0="[223,1375,193,1926]" captionTargetBox-1="[207,1391,200,1711]" captionTargetId-0="figure-27@2.[203,1384,187,1926]" captionTargetId-1="figure-18@3.[177,1411,190,1731]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–3. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. LM pictures. Valve views showing size dimension various. Fig.2 is of the holotype. Scale bar = 10 µm." captionText-1="FIGURES 4–6. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. LM pictures. Valve views showing size dimension various. Scale bar = 10 µm." pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Figures 1–6</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF867348FAE028D8FA93" box="[332,474,1360,1386]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–3" captionStart-1="FIGURES 4–6" captionStartId-0="2.[136,243,1953,1975]" captionStartId-1="3.[136,243,1755,1777]" captionTargetBox-0="[223,1375,193,1926]" captionTargetBox-1="[207,1391,200,1711]" captionTargetId-0="figure-27@2.[203,1384,187,1926]" captionTargetId-1="figure-18@3.[177,1411,190,1731]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–3. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. LM pictures. Valve views showing size dimension various. Fig.2 is of the holotype. Scale bar = 10 µm." captionText-1="FIGURES 4–6. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. LM pictures. Valve views showing size dimension various. Scale bar = 10 µm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876563" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876565" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13876563/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13876565/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Figures 1–6</figureCitation>
): Valves linear to linear-lanceolate, with wedge-shaped apices. From the end to the middle, half of the valve flat, other half of the valve twisted along the apical axis. Length 81–123 µm, breadth 18–22 µm. Margins parallel, slightly convex in the center. Axial area is narrowly lanceolate, being linear and narrow at the apices, becoming wider towards the center. Central area is small, elliptical, nearly 1/3 of the valve width. Raphe lateral, proximal raphe ends curved in opposite directions. Striae uniseriate, punctate, slightly oblique along the transapical axis, become convergent near the ends. 17–18 per 10µm. Longitudinal lines are obvious, evident along the valve margins. ): Valves linear to linear-lanceolate, with wedge-shaped apices. From the end to the middle, half of the valve flat, other half of the valve twisted along the apical axis. Length 81–123 µm, breadth 18–22 µm. Margins parallel, slightly convex in the center. Axial area is narrowly lanceolate, being linear and narrow at the apices, becoming wider towards the center. Central area is small, elliptical, nearly 1/3 of the valve width. Raphe lateral, proximal raphe ends curved in opposite directions. Striae uniseriate, punctate, slightly oblique along the transapical axis, become convergent near the ends. 17–18 per 10µm. Longitudinal lines are obvious, evident along the valve margins.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="86BF652DFFF0FF8272B9F9FC28E4FE95" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="176" pageId="1" pageNumber="172" type="description"> <subSubSection id="86BF652DFFF0FF8272B9F9FC28E4FE95" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="176" pageId="1" pageNumber="172" type="description">
<paragraph id="CE1A36A6FFF0FF8672B9F9FC2D73F837" blockId="1.[136,1452,1324,1999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="172"> <paragraph id="CE1A36A6FFF0FF8672B9F9FC2D73F837" blockId="1.[136,1452,1324,1999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">
SEM descriptions ( SEM descriptions (
<figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF86739CF9FC2B36F99F" box="[408,564,1612,1638]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 7–13" captionStart-1="FIGURES 14–18" captionStart-2="FIGURES 19–23" captionStartId-0="4.[136,243,1779,1801]" captionStartId-1="5.[136,243,1843,1865]" captionStartId-2="6.[136,243,1473,1495]" captionTargetBox-0="[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,593,1772]" captionTargetBox-2="[164,1423,190,1439]" captionTargetId-0="figure-27@4.[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetId-1="figure-172@5.[151,1436,593,1782]" captionTargetId-2="figure-27@6.[164,1423,190,1449]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionText-0="FIGURES 7–13. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 7: Whole valve, showing the twisted part (white arrow); Fig. 8: Wedge-shaped apex, with lacinia covered the terminal raphe ends (white arrow); Fig. 9: Wedge-shaped apex of the same valve with lacinia original from mantle (white arrow); Fig. 10: Longitudinal canal with one or two rows of areolae (with arrow); Fig. 11: Magnification of the areolae opening, showing the volate occlusions. Fig. 12: Elliptical central area, with proximal raphe ends curved in opposite sides, some areolae positioned at the axial area next to the raphe (white arrow); Fig. 13: Uncompleted valve, with unoccluded areolae." captionText-1="FIGURES 14–18. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 14: Girdle view of the whole frustule; showing the twist of the valve; Fig. 15: Unporiod girdle bands; Fig. 16: Girdle view of the apex, showing the original position of lacinia (white arrow); Fig. 17: Areolae in the axial area with volate occlusions (white arrow); Fig. 18: Areolae on the longitudinal canal with volate occlusions (white arrow)." captionText-2="FIGURES 19–23. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, internal view. Fig. 19: Whole valve; Fig. 20: Valve apex, helictoglossae on the valve face (white arrow); Fig. 21: Valve apex, raised helictoglossae (white arrow) and renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 22: Proximal raphe ends fused to an elongated structure, raised upon the valve (white arrow), renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 23: Magnification of internal opening of areolae with hymenes, the opening of areolae on the longitudinal canal are elongated (white arrow), renilimbi along the longitudinal canal (black arrow)." pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Figures 7–23</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF86739CF9FC2B36F99F" box="[408,564,1612,1638]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 7–13" captionStart-1="FIGURES 14–18" captionStart-2="FIGURES 19–23" captionStartId-0="4.[136,243,1779,1801]" captionStartId-1="5.[136,243,1843,1865]" captionStartId-2="6.[136,243,1473,1495]" captionTargetBox-0="[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,593,1772]" captionTargetBox-2="[164,1423,190,1439]" captionTargetId-0="figure-27@4.[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetId-1="figure-172@5.[151,1436,593,1782]" captionTargetId-2="figure-27@6.[164,1423,190,1449]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionText-0="FIGURES 7–13. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 7: Whole valve, showing the twisted part (white arrow); Fig. 8: Wedge-shaped apex, with lacinia covered the terminal raphe ends (white arrow); Fig. 9: Wedge-shaped apex of the same valve with lacinia original from mantle (white arrow); Fig. 10: Longitudinal canal with one or two rows of areolae (with arrow); Fig. 11: Magnification of the areolae opening, showing the volate occlusions. Fig. 12: Elliptical central area, with proximal raphe ends curved in opposite sides, some areolae positioned at the axial area next to the raphe (white arrow); Fig. 13: Uncompleted valve, with unoccluded areolae." captionText-1="FIGURES 14–18. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 14: Girdle view of the whole frustule; showing the twist of the valve; Fig. 15: Unporiod girdle bands; Fig. 16: Girdle view of the apex, showing the original position of lacinia (white arrow); Fig. 17: Areolae in the axial area with volate occlusions (white arrow); Fig. 18: Areolae on the longitudinal canal with volate occlusions (white arrow)." captionText-2="FIGURES 19–23. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, internal view. Fig. 19: Whole valve; Fig. 20: Valve apex, helictoglossae on the valve face (white arrow); Fig. 21: Valve apex, raised helictoglossae (white arrow) and renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 22: Proximal raphe ends fused to an elongated structure, raised upon the valve (white arrow), renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 23: Magnification of internal opening of areolae with hymenes, the opening of areolae on the longitudinal canal are elongated (white arrow), renilimbi along the longitudinal canal (black arrow)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876567" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876569" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876571" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13876567/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13876569/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13876571/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Figures 7–23</figureCitation>
): External views show a portion of the valve surface is flat, while the rest of the valve is slightly twisted about the apical axis. The valve face is well differentiated from the mantle. The raphe is straight, with distinct, hooked central raphe endings curved in opposite directions ( ): External views show a portion of the valve surface is flat, while the rest of the valve is slightly twisted about the apical axis. The valve face is well differentiated from the mantle. The raphe is straight, with distinct, hooked central raphe endings curved in opposite directions (
<figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF86761FF9242D6CF957" box="[1051,1134,1684,1710]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–13" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1779,1801]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-27@4.[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7–13. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 7: Whole valve, showing the twisted part (white arrow); Fig. 8: Wedge-shaped apex, with lacinia covered the terminal raphe ends (white arrow); Fig. 9: Wedge-shaped apex of the same valve with lacinia original from mantle (white arrow); Fig. 10: Longitudinal canal with one or two rows of areolae (with arrow); Fig. 11: Magnification of the areolae opening, showing the volate occlusions. Fig. 12: Elliptical central area, with proximal raphe ends curved in opposite sides, some areolae positioned at the axial area next to the raphe (white arrow); Fig. 13: Uncompleted valve, with unoccluded areolae." pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Fig. 12</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF86761FF9242D6CF957" box="[1051,1134,1684,1710]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–13" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1779,1801]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-27@4.[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7–13. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 7: Whole valve, showing the twisted part (white arrow); Fig. 8: Wedge-shaped apex, with lacinia covered the terminal raphe ends (white arrow); Fig. 9: Wedge-shaped apex of the same valve with lacinia original from mantle (white arrow); Fig. 10: Longitudinal canal with one or two rows of areolae (with arrow); Fig. 11: Magnification of the areolae opening, showing the volate occlusions. Fig. 12: Elliptical central area, with proximal raphe ends curved in opposite sides, some areolae positioned at the axial area next to the raphe (white arrow); Fig. 13: Uncompleted valve, with unoccluded areolae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876567" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876567/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
); the lacinia originates at the base of the mantle ( ); the lacinia originates at the base of the mantle (
<figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF867366F90828D1F92B" box="[354,467,1720,1746]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–13" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1779,1801]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-27@4.[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7–13. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 7: Whole valve, showing the twisted part (white arrow); Fig. 8: Wedge-shaped apex, with lacinia covered the terminal raphe ends (white arrow); Fig. 9: Wedge-shaped apex of the same valve with lacinia original from mantle (white arrow); Fig. 10: Longitudinal canal with one or two rows of areolae (with arrow); Fig. 11: Magnification of the areolae opening, showing the volate occlusions. Fig. 12: Elliptical central area, with proximal raphe ends curved in opposite sides, some areolae positioned at the axial area next to the raphe (white arrow); Fig. 13: Uncompleted valve, with unoccluded areolae." pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Figs 9, 10</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF867366F90828D1F92B" box="[354,467,1720,1746]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–13" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1779,1801]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-27@4.[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7–13. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 7: Whole valve, showing the twisted part (white arrow); Fig. 8: Wedge-shaped apex, with lacinia covered the terminal raphe ends (white arrow); Fig. 9: Wedge-shaped apex of the same valve with lacinia original from mantle (white arrow); Fig. 10: Longitudinal canal with one or two rows of areolae (with arrow); Fig. 11: Magnification of the areolae opening, showing the volate occlusions. Fig. 12: Elliptical central area, with proximal raphe ends curved in opposite sides, some areolae positioned at the axial area next to the raphe (white arrow); Fig. 13: Uncompleted valve, with unoccluded areolae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876567" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876567/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Figs 9, 10</figureCitation>
, ,
<figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF8673DBF90828FEF92B" box="[479,508,1720,1746]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–18" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,593,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-172@5.[151,1436,593,1782]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 14–18. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 14: Girdle view of the whole frustule; showing the twist of the valve; Fig. 15: Unporiod girdle bands; Fig. 16: Girdle view of the apex, showing the original position of lacinia (white arrow); Fig. 17: Areolae in the axial area with volate occlusions (white arrow); Fig. 18: Areolae on the longitudinal canal with volate occlusions (white arrow)." pageId="1" pageNumber="172">16</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF8673DBF90828FEF92B" box="[479,508,1720,1746]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–18" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,593,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-172@5.[151,1436,593,1782]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 14–18. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 14: Girdle view of the whole frustule; showing the twist of the valve; Fig. 15: Unporiod girdle bands; Fig. 16: Girdle view of the apex, showing the original position of lacinia (white arrow); Fig. 17: Areolae in the axial area with volate occlusions (white arrow); Fig. 18: Areolae on the longitudinal canal with volate occlusions (white arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876569/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">16</figureCitation>
) and extends to cover the terminal raphe end at the apices ( ) and extends to cover the terminal raphe end at the apices (
<figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF867694F9082DD6F92B" box="[1168,1236,1720,1746]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–13" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1779,1801]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-27@4.[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7–13. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 7: Whole valve, showing the twisted part (white arrow); Fig. 8: Wedge-shaped apex, with lacinia covered the terminal raphe ends (white arrow); Fig. 9: Wedge-shaped apex of the same valve with lacinia original from mantle (white arrow); Fig. 10: Longitudinal canal with one or two rows of areolae (with arrow); Fig. 11: Magnification of the areolae opening, showing the volate occlusions. Fig. 12: Elliptical central area, with proximal raphe ends curved in opposite sides, some areolae positioned at the axial area next to the raphe (white arrow); Fig. 13: Uncompleted valve, with unoccluded areolae." pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Fig. 8</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF867694F9082DD6F92B" box="[1168,1236,1720,1746]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–13" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1779,1801]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-27@4.[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7–13. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 7: Whole valve, showing the twisted part (white arrow); Fig. 8: Wedge-shaped apex, with lacinia covered the terminal raphe ends (white arrow); Fig. 9: Wedge-shaped apex of the same valve with lacinia original from mantle (white arrow); Fig. 10: Longitudinal canal with one or two rows of areolae (with arrow); Fig. 11: Magnification of the areolae opening, showing the volate occlusions. Fig. 12: Elliptical central area, with proximal raphe ends curved in opposite sides, some areolae positioned at the axial area next to the raphe (white arrow); Fig. 13: Uncompleted valve, with unoccluded areolae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876567" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876567/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Striae interrupted at the margin by the longitudinal canal, extending onto the mantle.Areolae on the mantle are smaller than on the valve. Longitudinal lines covered by a hyaline area that contains one or two rows of areolae in the middle of the hyaline area and that are morphologically differentiated from the areolae elsewhere on the valve ( ). Striae interrupted at the margin by the longitudinal canal, extending onto the mantle.Areolae on the mantle are smaller than on the valve. Longitudinal lines covered by a hyaline area that contains one or two rows of areolae in the middle of the hyaline area and that are morphologically differentiated from the areolae elsewhere on the valve (
<figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF86763EF8942D8FF8C7" box="[1082,1165,1828,1854]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–13" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1779,1801]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-27@4.[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7–13. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 7: Whole valve, showing the twisted part (white arrow); Fig. 8: Wedge-shaped apex, with lacinia covered the terminal raphe ends (white arrow); Fig. 9: Wedge-shaped apex of the same valve with lacinia original from mantle (white arrow); Fig. 10: Longitudinal canal with one or two rows of areolae (with arrow); Fig. 11: Magnification of the areolae opening, showing the volate occlusions. Fig. 12: Elliptical central area, with proximal raphe ends curved in opposite sides, some areolae positioned at the axial area next to the raphe (white arrow); Fig. 13: Uncompleted valve, with unoccluded areolae." pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Fig. 10</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF86763EF8942D8FF8C7" box="[1082,1165,1828,1854]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–13" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1779,1801]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-27@4.[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7–13. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 7: Whole valve, showing the twisted part (white arrow); Fig. 8: Wedge-shaped apex, with lacinia covered the terminal raphe ends (white arrow); Fig. 9: Wedge-shaped apex of the same valve with lacinia original from mantle (white arrow); Fig. 10: Longitudinal canal with one or two rows of areolae (with arrow); Fig. 11: Magnification of the areolae opening, showing the volate occlusions. Fig. 12: Elliptical central area, with proximal raphe ends curved in opposite sides, some areolae positioned at the axial area next to the raphe (white arrow); Fig. 13: Uncompleted valve, with unoccluded areolae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876567" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876567/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). On some valves there is one row of areolae present in the axial area next to the raphe ( ). On some valves there is one row of areolae present in the axial area next to the raphe (
<figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF867146F8F82A9BF89B" box="[834,921,1864,1890]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–13" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1779,1801]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-27@4.[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7–13. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 7: Whole valve, showing the twisted part (white arrow); Fig. 8: Wedge-shaped apex, with lacinia covered the terminal raphe ends (white arrow); Fig. 9: Wedge-shaped apex of the same valve with lacinia original from mantle (white arrow); Fig. 10: Longitudinal canal with one or two rows of areolae (with arrow); Fig. 11: Magnification of the areolae opening, showing the volate occlusions. Fig. 12: Elliptical central area, with proximal raphe ends curved in opposite sides, some areolae positioned at the axial area next to the raphe (white arrow); Fig. 13: Uncompleted valve, with unoccluded areolae." pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Figs 12</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF867146F8F82A9BF89B" box="[834,921,1864,1890]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–13" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1779,1801]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-27@4.[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7–13. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 7: Whole valve, showing the twisted part (white arrow); Fig. 8: Wedge-shaped apex, with lacinia covered the terminal raphe ends (white arrow); Fig. 9: Wedge-shaped apex of the same valve with lacinia original from mantle (white arrow); Fig. 10: Longitudinal canal with one or two rows of areolae (with arrow); Fig. 11: Magnification of the areolae opening, showing the volate occlusions. Fig. 12: Elliptical central area, with proximal raphe ends curved in opposite sides, some areolae positioned at the axial area next to the raphe (white arrow); Fig. 13: Uncompleted valve, with unoccluded areolae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876567" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876567/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Figs 12</figureCitation>
, ,
<figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF8671A2F8F82AC7F89B" box="[934,965,1864,1890]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–18" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,593,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-172@5.[151,1436,593,1782]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 14–18. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 14: Girdle view of the whole frustule; showing the twist of the valve; Fig. 15: Unporiod girdle bands; Fig. 16: Girdle view of the apex, showing the original position of lacinia (white arrow); Fig. 17: Areolae in the axial area with volate occlusions (white arrow); Fig. 18: Areolae on the longitudinal canal with volate occlusions (white arrow)." pageId="1" pageNumber="172">17</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF8671A2F8F82AC7F89B" box="[934,965,1864,1890]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–18" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,593,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-172@5.[151,1436,593,1782]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 14–18. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 14: Girdle view of the whole frustule; showing the twist of the valve; Fig. 15: Unporiod girdle bands; Fig. 16: Girdle view of the apex, showing the original position of lacinia (white arrow); Fig. 17: Areolae in the axial area with volate occlusions (white arrow); Fig. 18: Areolae on the longitudinal canal with volate occlusions (white arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876569/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">17</figureCitation>
). All areolae on the valve face are round to elliptical in outline and have volate projections which can be branched, bifurcate or T-shaped ( ). All areolae on the valve face are round to elliptical in outline and have volate projections which can be branched, bifurcate or T-shaped (
<figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF86769DF8DC2DEFF87F" box="[1177,1261,1900,1926]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–13" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1779,1801]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-27@4.[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7–13. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 7: Whole valve, showing the twisted part (white arrow); Fig. 8: Wedge-shaped apex, with lacinia covered the terminal raphe ends (white arrow); Fig. 9: Wedge-shaped apex of the same valve with lacinia original from mantle (white arrow); Fig. 10: Longitudinal canal with one or two rows of areolae (with arrow); Fig. 11: Magnification of the areolae opening, showing the volate occlusions. Fig. 12: Elliptical central area, with proximal raphe ends curved in opposite sides, some areolae positioned at the axial area next to the raphe (white arrow); Fig. 13: Uncompleted valve, with unoccluded areolae." pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Figs 11</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF86769DF8DC2DEFF87F" box="[1177,1261,1900,1926]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–13" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1779,1801]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-27@4.[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7–13. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 7: Whole valve, showing the twisted part (white arrow); Fig. 8: Wedge-shaped apex, with lacinia covered the terminal raphe ends (white arrow); Fig. 9: Wedge-shaped apex of the same valve with lacinia original from mantle (white arrow); Fig. 10: Longitudinal canal with one or two rows of areolae (with arrow); Fig. 11: Magnification of the areolae opening, showing the volate occlusions. Fig. 12: Elliptical central area, with proximal raphe ends curved in opposite sides, some areolae positioned at the axial area next to the raphe (white arrow); Fig. 13: Uncompleted valve, with unoccluded areolae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876567" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876567/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Figs 11</figureCitation>
, ,
<figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF8676FCF8DC2C42F87F" box="[1272,1344,1900,1926]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–18" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,593,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-172@5.[151,1436,593,1782]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 14–18. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 14: Girdle view of the whole frustule; showing the twist of the valve; Fig. 15: Unporiod girdle bands; Fig. 16: Girdle view of the apex, showing the original position of lacinia (white arrow); Fig. 17: Areolae in the axial area with volate occlusions (white arrow); Fig. 18: Areolae on the longitudinal canal with volate occlusions (white arrow)." pageId="1" pageNumber="172">17, 18</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF8676FCF8DC2C42F87F" box="[1272,1344,1900,1926]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–18" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,593,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-172@5.[151,1436,593,1782]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 14–18. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 14: Girdle view of the whole frustule; showing the twist of the valve; Fig. 15: Unporiod girdle bands; Fig. 16: Girdle view of the apex, showing the original position of lacinia (white arrow); Fig. 17: Areolae in the axial area with volate occlusions (white arrow); Fig. 18: Areolae on the longitudinal canal with volate occlusions (white arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876569/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">17, 18</figureCitation>
). In some valves, thought to be ontogenetically incomplete, the areolae are round to elliptical in shape but without any volate projections ( ). In some valves, thought to be ontogenetically incomplete, the areolae are round to elliptical in shape but without any volate projections (
<figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF867310F8042865F837" box="[276,359,1972,1998]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–13" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1779,1801]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-27@4.[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7–13. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 7: Whole valve, showing the twisted part (white arrow); Fig. 8: Wedge-shaped apex, with lacinia covered the terminal raphe ends (white arrow); Fig. 9: Wedge-shaped apex of the same valve with lacinia original from mantle (white arrow); Fig. 10: Longitudinal canal with one or two rows of areolae (with arrow); Fig. 11: Magnification of the areolae opening, showing the volate occlusions. Fig. 12: Elliptical central area, with proximal raphe ends curved in opposite sides, some areolae positioned at the axial area next to the raphe (white arrow); Fig. 13: Uncompleted valve, with unoccluded areolae." pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Fig. 13</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF867310F8042865F837" box="[276,359,1972,1998]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–13" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1779,1801]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-27@4.[272,1315,190,1755]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 7–13. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 7: Whole valve, showing the twisted part (white arrow); Fig. 8: Wedge-shaped apex, with lacinia covered the terminal raphe ends (white arrow); Fig. 9: Wedge-shaped apex of the same valve with lacinia original from mantle (white arrow); Fig. 10: Longitudinal canal with one or two rows of areolae (with arrow); Fig. 11: Magnification of the areolae opening, showing the volate occlusions. Fig. 12: Elliptical central area, with proximal raphe ends curved in opposite sides, some areolae positioned at the axial area next to the raphe (white arrow); Fig. 13: Uncompleted valve, with unoccluded areolae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876567" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876567/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
). Girdle bands number 3–4 and are without poriods ( ). Girdle bands number 3–4 and are without poriods (
<figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF8671BCF8042D66F837" box="[952,1124,1972,1999]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–18" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,593,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-172@5.[151,1436,593,1782]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 14–18. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 14: Girdle view of the whole frustule; showing the twist of the valve; Fig. 15: Unporiod girdle bands; Fig. 16: Girdle view of the apex, showing the original position of lacinia (white arrow); Fig. 17: Areolae in the axial area with volate occlusions (white arrow); Fig. 18: Areolae on the longitudinal canal with volate occlusions (white arrow)." pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Figs 14, 15, 16</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF0FF8671BCF8042D66F837" box="[952,1124,1972,1999]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–18" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,593,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-172@5.[151,1436,593,1782]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 14–18. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, external view. Fig. 14: Girdle view of the whole frustule; showing the twist of the valve; Fig. 15: Unporiod girdle bands; Fig. 16: Girdle view of the apex, showing the original position of lacinia (white arrow); Fig. 17: Areolae in the axial area with volate occlusions (white arrow); Fig. 18: Areolae on the longitudinal canal with volate occlusions (white arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876569/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">Figs 14, 15, 16</figureCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
<caption id="9ADA662EFFF3FF85728CF81128A2F823" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" startId="2.[136,243,1953,1975]" targetBox="[223,1375,193,1926]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure"> <caption id="9ADA662EFFF3FF85728CF81128A2F823" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876563" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13876563" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876563/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" startId="2.[136,243,1953,1975]" targetBox="[223,1375,193,1926]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="CE1A36A6FFF3FF85728CF81128A2F823" blockId="2.[136,1451,1953,2011]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173"> <paragraph id="CE1A36A6FFF3FF85728CF81128A2F823" blockId="2.[136,1451,1953,2011]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">
<emphasis id="FCD1EAB4FFF3FF85728CF8112821F84F" bold="true" box="[136,291,1953,1975]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">FIGURES 1–3.</emphasis> <emphasis id="FCD1EAB4FFF3FF85728CF8112821F84F" bold="true" box="[136,291,1953,1975]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">FIGURES 1–3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="09A54D25FFF3FF85732EF8112B93F84E" authority="Liu &amp; Kociolek" authorityName="Y. Liu &amp; Kociolek" authorityYear="2020" box="[298,657,1953,1975]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="convolutum" status="sp. nov."> <taxonomicName id="09A54D25FFF3FF85732EF8112B93F84E" authority="Liu &amp; Kociolek" authorityName="Y. Liu &amp; Kociolek" authorityYear="2020" box="[298,657,1953,1975]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="convolutum" status="sp. nov.">
@ -132,7 +135,7 @@ Liu &amp; Kociolek
LM pictures. Valve views showing size dimension various. Fig.2 is of the holotype. Scale bar = 10 µm. LM pictures. Valve views showing size dimension various. Fig.2 is of the holotype. Scale bar = 10 µm.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
<caption id="9ADA662EFFF2FF84728CF96B29ADF8EC" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" startId="3.[136,243,1755,1777]" targetBox="[207,1391,200,1711]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure"> <caption id="9ADA662EFFF2FF84728CF96B29ADF8EC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876565" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13876565" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876565/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" startId="3.[136,243,1755,1777]" targetBox="[207,1391,200,1711]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="CE1A36A6FFF2FF84728CF96B29ADF8EC" blockId="3.[136,1451,1755,1813]" pageId="3" pageNumber="174"> <paragraph id="CE1A36A6FFF2FF84728CF96B29ADF8EC" blockId="3.[136,1451,1755,1813]" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">
<emphasis id="FCD1EAB4FFF2FF84728CF96B2820F909" bold="true" box="[136,290,1755,1777]" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">FIGURES 4–6.</emphasis> <emphasis id="FCD1EAB4FFF2FF84728CF96B2820F909" bold="true" box="[136,290,1755,1777]" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">FIGURES 4–6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="09A54D25FFF2FF84732DF96B2B8DF908" authority="Liu &amp; Kociolek" authorityName="Y. Liu &amp; Kociolek" authorityYear="2020" box="[297,655,1755,1777]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="convolutum" status="sp. nov."> <taxonomicName id="09A54D25FFF2FF84732DF96B2B8DF908" authority="Liu &amp; Kociolek" authorityName="Y. Liu &amp; Kociolek" authorityYear="2020" box="[297,655,1755,1777]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="convolutum" status="sp. nov.">
@ -145,7 +148,7 @@ Liu &amp; Kociolek
LM pictures. Valve views showing size dimension various. Scale bar = 10 µm. LM pictures. Valve views showing size dimension various. Scale bar = 10 µm.
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</caption> </caption>
<caption id="9ADA662EFFF5FF83728CF94329D6F844" pageId="4" pageNumber="175" startId="4.[136,243,1779,1801]" targetBox="[272,1315,190,1755]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure"> <caption id="9ADA662EFFF5FF83728CF94329D6F844" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876567" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13876567" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876567/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="175" startId="4.[136,243,1779,1801]" targetBox="[272,1315,190,1755]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="CE1A36A6FFF5FF83728CF94329D6F844" blockId="4.[136,1452,1779,1981]" pageId="4" pageNumber="175"> <paragraph id="CE1A36A6FFF5FF83728CF94329D6F844" blockId="4.[136,1452,1779,1981]" pageId="4" pageNumber="175">
<emphasis id="FCD1EAB4FFF5FF83728CF943282CF8F1" bold="true" box="[136,302,1779,1801]" pageId="4" pageNumber="175">FIGURES 7–13.</emphasis> <emphasis id="FCD1EAB4FFF5FF83728CF943282CF8F1" bold="true" box="[136,302,1779,1801]" pageId="4" pageNumber="175">FIGURES 7–13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="09A54D25FFF5FF837330F9432B9AF8F0" authority="Liu &amp; Kociolek" authorityName="Y. Liu &amp; Kociolek" authorityYear="2020" box="[308,664,1779,1801]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="4" pageNumber="175" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="convolutum" status="sp. nov."> <taxonomicName id="09A54D25FFF5FF837330F9432B9AF8F0" authority="Liu &amp; Kociolek" authorityName="Y. Liu &amp; Kociolek" authorityYear="2020" box="[308,664,1779,1801]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="4" pageNumber="175" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="convolutum" status="sp. nov.">
@ -160,15 +163,15 @@ SEM, external view. Fig. 7: Whole valve, showing the twisted part (white arrow);
</caption> </caption>
<paragraph id="CE1A36A6FFF4FF8272B9FF2E28E4FE95" blockId="5.[136,1452,158,509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="176"> <paragraph id="CE1A36A6FFF4FF8272B9FF2E28E4FE95" blockId="5.[136,1452,158,509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="176">
Internally, the raphe sternum is almost flat with the valve surface ( Internally, the raphe sternum is almost flat with the valve surface (
<figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF4FF8271BEFF2E2D0DFF41" box="[954,1039,158,184]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–23" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1473,1495]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,190,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-27@6.[164,1423,190,1449]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19–23. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, internal view. Fig. 19: Whole valve; Fig. 20: Valve apex, helictoglossae on the valve face (white arrow); Fig. 21: Valve apex, raised helictoglossae (white arrow) and renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 22: Proximal raphe ends fused to an elongated structure, raised upon the valve (white arrow), renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 23: Magnification of internal opening of areolae with hymenes, the opening of areolae on the longitudinal canal are elongated (white arrow), renilimbi along the longitudinal canal (black arrow)." pageId="5" pageNumber="176">Fig. 19</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF4FF8271BEFF2E2D0DFF41" box="[954,1039,158,184]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–23" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1473,1495]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,190,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-27@6.[164,1423,190,1449]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19–23. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, internal view. Fig. 19: Whole valve; Fig. 20: Valve apex, helictoglossae on the valve face (white arrow); Fig. 21: Valve apex, raised helictoglossae (white arrow) and renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 22: Proximal raphe ends fused to an elongated structure, raised upon the valve (white arrow), renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 23: Magnification of internal opening of areolae with hymenes, the opening of areolae on the longitudinal canal are elongated (white arrow), renilimbi along the longitudinal canal (black arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876571" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876571/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="176">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
). The distal raphe ends terminate in thickened, raised helictoglossae on the valve face, and are slightly bent to one side of the valve ( ). The distal raphe ends terminate in thickened, raised helictoglossae on the valve face, and are slightly bent to one side of the valve (
<figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF4FF8276D4FF722C56FF25" box="[1232,1364,194,220]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–23" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1473,1495]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,190,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-27@6.[164,1423,190,1449]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19–23. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, internal view. Fig. 19: Whole valve; Fig. 20: Valve apex, helictoglossae on the valve face (white arrow); Fig. 21: Valve apex, raised helictoglossae (white arrow) and renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 22: Proximal raphe ends fused to an elongated structure, raised upon the valve (white arrow), renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 23: Magnification of internal opening of areolae with hymenes, the opening of areolae on the longitudinal canal are elongated (white arrow), renilimbi along the longitudinal canal (black arrow)." pageId="5" pageNumber="176">Figs 20, 21</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF4FF8276D4FF722C56FF25" box="[1232,1364,194,220]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–23" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1473,1495]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,190,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-27@6.[164,1423,190,1449]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19–23. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, internal view. Fig. 19: Whole valve; Fig. 20: Valve apex, helictoglossae on the valve face (white arrow); Fig. 21: Valve apex, raised helictoglossae (white arrow) and renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 22: Proximal raphe ends fused to an elongated structure, raised upon the valve (white arrow), renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 23: Magnification of internal opening of areolae with hymenes, the opening of areolae on the longitudinal canal are elongated (white arrow), renilimbi along the longitudinal canal (black arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876571" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876571/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="176">Figs 20, 21</figureCitation>
). In the central area, two distinct helictoglossae are fused to form an elongated, raised structure ( ). In the central area, two distinct helictoglossae are fused to form an elongated, raised structure (
<figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF4FF827651FF562DAAFEF9" box="[1109,1192,230,256]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–23" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1473,1495]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,190,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-27@6.[164,1423,190,1449]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19–23. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, internal view. Fig. 19: Whole valve; Fig. 20: Valve apex, helictoglossae on the valve face (white arrow); Fig. 21: Valve apex, raised helictoglossae (white arrow) and renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 22: Proximal raphe ends fused to an elongated structure, raised upon the valve (white arrow), renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 23: Magnification of internal opening of areolae with hymenes, the opening of areolae on the longitudinal canal are elongated (white arrow), renilimbi along the longitudinal canal (black arrow)." pageId="5" pageNumber="176">Fig. 22</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF4FF827651FF562DAAFEF9" box="[1109,1192,230,256]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–23" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1473,1495]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,190,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-27@6.[164,1423,190,1449]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19–23. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, internal view. Fig. 19: Whole valve; Fig. 20: Valve apex, helictoglossae on the valve face (white arrow); Fig. 21: Valve apex, raised helictoglossae (white arrow) and renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 22: Proximal raphe ends fused to an elongated structure, raised upon the valve (white arrow), renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 23: Magnification of internal opening of areolae with hymenes, the opening of areolae on the longitudinal canal are elongated (white arrow), renilimbi along the longitudinal canal (black arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876571" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876571/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="176">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
). The internal openings of the valve areolae are round, the internal opening of the longitudinal canal and mantle areolae are more elliptical. All the areolae are covered by hymenes ( ). The internal openings of the valve areolae are round, the internal opening of the longitudinal canal and mantle areolae are more elliptical. All the areolae are covered by hymenes (
<figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF4FF82702DFE9E2A03FEB1" box="[553,769,302,328]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–23" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1473,1495]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,190,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-27@6.[164,1423,190,1449]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19–23. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, internal view. Fig. 19: Whole valve; Fig. 20: Valve apex, helictoglossae on the valve face (white arrow); Fig. 21: Valve apex, raised helictoglossae (white arrow) and renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 22: Proximal raphe ends fused to an elongated structure, raised upon the valve (white arrow), renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 23: Magnification of internal opening of areolae with hymenes, the opening of areolae on the longitudinal canal are elongated (white arrow), renilimbi along the longitudinal canal (black arrow)." pageId="5" pageNumber="176">Figs 20, 21, 22, 23</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF4FF82702DFE9E2A03FEB1" box="[553,769,302,328]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–23" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1473,1495]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,190,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-27@6.[164,1423,190,1449]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19–23. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, internal view. Fig. 19: Whole valve; Fig. 20: Valve apex, helictoglossae on the valve face (white arrow); Fig. 21: Valve apex, raised helictoglossae (white arrow) and renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 22: Proximal raphe ends fused to an elongated structure, raised upon the valve (white arrow), renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 23: Magnification of internal opening of areolae with hymenes, the opening of areolae on the longitudinal canal are elongated (white arrow), renilimbi along the longitudinal canal (black arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876571" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876571/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="176">Figs 20, 21, 22, 23</figureCitation>
). There are small renilimbi along the longitudinal canals and axial area ( ). There are small renilimbi along the longitudinal canals and axial area (
<figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF4FF827307FEE228D8FE95" box="[259,474,338,364]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–23" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1473,1495]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,190,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-27@6.[164,1423,190,1449]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19–23. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, internal view. Fig. 19: Whole valve; Fig. 20: Valve apex, helictoglossae on the valve face (white arrow); Fig. 21: Valve apex, raised helictoglossae (white arrow) and renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 22: Proximal raphe ends fused to an elongated structure, raised upon the valve (white arrow), renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 23: Magnification of internal opening of areolae with hymenes, the opening of areolae on the longitudinal canal are elongated (white arrow), renilimbi along the longitudinal canal (black arrow)." pageId="5" pageNumber="176">Figs 20, 21, 22, 23</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF4FF827307FEE228D8FE95" box="[259,474,338,364]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–23" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1473,1495]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,190,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-27@6.[164,1423,190,1449]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19–23. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. SEM, internal view. Fig. 19: Whole valve; Fig. 20: Valve apex, helictoglossae on the valve face (white arrow); Fig. 21: Valve apex, raised helictoglossae (white arrow) and renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 22: Proximal raphe ends fused to an elongated structure, raised upon the valve (white arrow), renilimbi along the axial area (black arrow); Fig. 23: Magnification of internal opening of areolae with hymenes, the opening of areolae on the longitudinal canal are elongated (white arrow), renilimbi along the longitudinal canal (black arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876571" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876571/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="176">Figs 20, 21, 22, 23</figureCitation>
). ).
</paragraph> </paragraph>
</subSubSection> </subSubSection>
@ -188,7 +191,7 @@ Autonomous Region: Shiwan Mts. National Forest Park. Wet-wall, Coll. Y. Liu
! Individual in slide ! Individual in slide
<collectionCode id="A8B4AE63FFF4FF8270DBFE2A2A2CFE4C" box="[735,814,410,437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="176">THHN</collectionCode> <collectionCode id="A8B4AE63FFF4FF8270DBFE2A2A2CFE4C" box="[735,814,410,437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="176">THHN</collectionCode>
2014235, here illustrated as 2014235, here illustrated as
<figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF4FF827669FE2A2DB0FE4D" box="[1133,1202,410,436]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[223,1375,193,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-27@2.[203,1384,187,1926]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. LM pictures. Valve views showing size dimension various. Fig.2 is of the holotype. Scale bar = 10 µm." pageId="5" pageNumber="176">Fig. 2</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="569E2A23FFF4FF827669FE2A2DB0FE4D" box="[1133,1202,410,436]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[223,1375,193,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-27@2.[203,1384,187,1926]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Neidium convolutum Liu &amp; Kociolek sp. nov. LM pictures. Valve views showing size dimension various. Fig.2 is of the holotype. Scale bar = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876563" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876563/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="176">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
, ,
<typeStatus id="111E8804FFF4FF8276BBFE2A2C16FE4D" box="[1215,1300,410,436]" pageId="5" pageNumber="176" type="isotype">isotype</typeStatus> <typeStatus id="111E8804FFF4FF8276BBFE2A2C16FE4D" box="[1215,1300,410,436]" pageId="5" pageNumber="176" type="isotype">isotype</typeStatus>
: :

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@ -49,9 +52,9 @@
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( (
<figureCitation id="8ECE29B6FFD43F22E014F80CB7FCF850" box="[566,646,1940,1966]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1320,1342]" captionTargetBox="[184,1403,386,1291]" captionTargetId="figure-92@4.[183,1404,386,1292]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Noccaea atila-ocakii. A Habit with flowers. B Habit with fruits. C Basal and cauline leaves. D Fruits." pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Figs. 2</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="8ECE29B6FFD43F22E014F80CB7FCF850" box="[566,646,1940,1966]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1320,1342]" captionTargetBox="[184,1403,386,1291]" captionTargetId="figure-92@4.[183,1404,386,1292]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Noccaea atila-ocakii. A Habit with flowers. B Habit with fruits. C Basal and cauline leaves. D Fruits." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876555" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876555/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
, ,
<figureCitation id="8ECE29B6FFD43F22E0B1F80CB792F850" box="[659,744,1940,1966]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,2003,2025]" captionTargetBox="[184,1403,1368,1977]" captionTargetId="figure-118@4.[183,1403,1367,1978]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Noccaea atila-ocakii. A General appearance of the seed. D Seed surface, N. antitaurica. B General appearance of the seed. E Seed surface, N. lilacina. C General appearance of the seed. F Seed surface." pageId="1" pageNumber="96">3A, 3D</figureCitation> <figureCitation id="8ECE29B6FFD43F22E0B1F80CB792F850" box="[659,744,1940,1966]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,2003,2025]" captionTargetBox="[184,1403,1368,1977]" captionTargetId="figure-118@4.[183,1403,1367,1978]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Noccaea atila-ocakii. A General appearance of the seed. D Seed surface, N. antitaurica. B General appearance of the seed. E Seed surface, N. lilacina. C General appearance of the seed. F Seed surface." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876557" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876557/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">3A, 3D</figureCitation>
). ).
</emphasis> </emphasis>
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190
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<taxonomicName id="97E74D3AF413FFACFF3E04B1FD0DFA66" authority="Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers" authorityName="Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers" authorityYear="2020" box="[136,694,1460,1487]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Frankophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fragilariales" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="dalevittii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6293EAABF413FFACFF3E04B1FE3EFA67" bold="true" box="[136,389,1460,1487]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Frankophila dalevittii</emphasis>
Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers
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(
<figureCitation id="C8DC2A3CF413FFACFC9304B1FC2CFA66" box="[805,919,1460,1486]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–32" captionStart-1="FIGURES 33–39" captionStartId-0="2.[136,243,1387,1409]" captionStartId-1="4.[136,243,1656,1678]" captionTargetBox-0="[138,1448,187,1360]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,190,1632]" captionTargetId-0="figure-37@2.[138,1448,187,1360]" captionTargetId-1="figure-37@4.[151,1435,190,1632]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–32. Frankophila dalevittii Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers sp. nov. Light microscopy (1–30) and scanning electron microscopy (31–32) views. Holotype population from Campbell Island (sample BAS303). 1–4. Frustules connected via linking spines to form long, band like colonies. 5. Possible initial valve. 6–30. Valve views showing the broad range of valve dimensions. 31–32. Two colonies of three (fig. 31) and two (fig. 32) frustules connected by linking spines. Scale bars represent 10 µm." captionText-1="FIGURES 33–39. Frankophila dalevittii Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers sp. nov. Scanning electron microscopy views. Holotype population from Campbell Island (sample BAS303). 33. SEM detail of several frustules connected by linking spines showing the girdle structure and the lack of an apical porefield. 34. SEM detail of the interdigitating linking spines. Also note the irregular siliceous ridges on the girdle band. 35–36. SEM external valve face views. Note the presence of the linking spines and the reduced external raphe slits (arrows). 37–38. SEM internal valve face views of two entire valves showing the reduced internal raphe slits (arrows). 38. SEM detail of the internal raphe slit. Scale bars represent 10 µm except for Figs 33, 34 &amp; 39 where scale bars = 1 µm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876797" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876799" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13876797/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13876799/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Figs 1–39</figureCitation>
)
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LM (
<figureCitation id="C8DC2A3CF413FFACFF7204DDFE86FA5A" box="[196,317,1496,1522]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–32" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1387,1409]" captionTargetBox="[138,1448,187,1360]" captionTargetId="figure-37@2.[138,1448,187,1360]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–32. Frankophila dalevittii Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers sp. nov. Light microscopy (1–30) and scanning electron microscopy (31–32) views. Holotype population from Campbell Island (sample BAS303). 1–4. Frustules connected via linking spines to form long, band like colonies. 5. Possible initial valve. 6–30. Valve views showing the broad range of valve dimensions. 31–32. Two colonies of three (fig. 31) and two (fig. 32) frustules connected by linking spines. Scale bars represent 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876797/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Figs 1–30</figureCitation>
): Frustules rectangular in girdle view, forming long chains of several tens of frustules, connected by relatively large, interdigitating linking spines (
<figureCitation id="C8DC2A3CF413FFACFD7F04F9FC89F9BE" box="[713,818,1532,1558]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–32" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1387,1409]" captionTargetBox="[138,1448,187,1360]" captionTargetId="figure-37@2.[138,1448,187,1360]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–32. Frankophila dalevittii Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers sp. nov. Light microscopy (1–30) and scanning electron microscopy (31–32) views. Holotype population from Campbell Island (sample BAS303). 1–4. Frustules connected via linking spines to form long, band like colonies. 5. Possible initial valve. 6–30. Valve views showing the broad range of valve dimensions. 31–32. Two colonies of three (fig. 31) and two (fig. 32) frustules connected by linking spines. Scale bars represent 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876797/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Figs 1–4</figureCitation>
). Valves linear-elliptical to elliptical and even elliptic-lanceolate. Smallest specimens almost rounded. Apices never protracted, always broadly rounded. Elliptic-lanceolate specimens with less broadly rounded apices. Valve dimensions (n=50): length 4–15 µm, width 3–5 µm. One initial valve observed: length 33 µm, width 6 µm. Axial area moderately wide, almost 1/3 of total valve width, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate. Central area lacking. Striae parallel in the valve centre becoming distinctly radiate towards the apices,
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12 µm. Areolae not discernible in LM. SEM (
<figureCitation id="C8DC2A3CF413FFACFCEC07B5FC5BF962" box="[858,992,1712,1738]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–32" captionStart-1="FIGURES 33–39" captionStartId-0="2.[136,243,1387,1409]" captionStartId-1="4.[136,243,1656,1678]" captionTargetBox-0="[138,1448,187,1360]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,190,1632]" captionTargetId-0="figure-37@2.[138,1448,187,1360]" captionTargetId-1="figure-37@4.[151,1435,190,1632]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–32. Frankophila dalevittii Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers sp. nov. Light microscopy (1–30) and scanning electron microscopy (31–32) views. Holotype population from Campbell Island (sample BAS303). 1–4. Frustules connected via linking spines to form long, band like colonies. 5. Possible initial valve. 6–30. Valve views showing the broad range of valve dimensions. 31–32. Two colonies of three (fig. 31) and two (fig. 32) frustules connected by linking spines. Scale bars represent 10 µm." captionText-1="FIGURES 33–39. Frankophila dalevittii Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers sp. nov. Scanning electron microscopy views. Holotype population from Campbell Island (sample BAS303). 33. SEM detail of several frustules connected by linking spines showing the girdle structure and the lack of an apical porefield. 34. SEM detail of the interdigitating linking spines. Also note the irregular siliceous ridges on the girdle band. 35–36. SEM external valve face views. Note the presence of the linking spines and the reduced external raphe slits (arrows). 37–38. SEM internal valve face views of two entire valves showing the reduced internal raphe slits (arrows). 38. SEM detail of the internal raphe slit. Scale bars represent 10 µm except for Figs 33, 34 &amp; 39 where scale bars = 1 µm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876797" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876799" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13876797/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13876799/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Figs 31–39</figureCitation>
): Girdle composed of at least two open, non-perforated copulae (
<figureCitation id="C8DC2A3CF413FFACFE2907D1FE4CF946" box="[415,503,1748,1774]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–32" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1387,1409]" captionTargetBox="[138,1448,187,1360]" captionTargetId="figure-37@2.[138,1448,187,1360]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–32. Frankophila dalevittii Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers sp. nov. Light microscopy (1–30) and scanning electron microscopy (31–32) views. Holotype population from Campbell Island (sample BAS303). 1–4. Frustules connected via linking spines to form long, band like colonies. 5. Possible initial valve. 6–30. Valve views showing the broad range of valve dimensions. 31–32. Two colonies of three (fig. 31) and two (fig. 32) frustules connected by linking spines. Scale bars represent 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876797/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Figs 31</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C8DC2A3CF413FFACFDB307D1FD9FF946" box="[517,548,1748,1774]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–39" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1656,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-37@4.[151,1435,190,1632]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 33–39. Frankophila dalevittii Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers sp. nov. Scanning electron microscopy views. Holotype population from Campbell Island (sample BAS303). 33. SEM detail of several frustules connected by linking spines showing the girdle structure and the lack of an apical porefield. 34. SEM detail of the interdigitating linking spines. Also note the irregular siliceous ridges on the girdle band. 35–36. SEM external valve face views. Note the presence of the linking spines and the reduced external raphe slits (arrows). 37–38. SEM internal valve face views of two entire valves showing the reduced internal raphe slits (arrows). 38. SEM detail of the internal raphe slit. Scale bars represent 10 µm except for Figs 33, 34 &amp; 39 where scale bars = 1 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876799/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">33</figureCitation>
). Copulae often covered by irregular pattern of small ridges and granules (
<figureCitation id="C8DC2A3CF413FFACFACC07D1FF69F8BA" captionStart="FIGURES 1–32" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1387,1409]" captionTargetBox="[138,1448,187,1360]" captionTargetId="figure-37@2.[138,1448,187,1360]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–32. Frankophila dalevittii Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers sp. nov. Light microscopy (1–30) and scanning electron microscopy (31–32) views. Holotype population from Campbell Island (sample BAS303). 1–4. Frustules connected via linking spines to form long, band like colonies. 5. Possible initial valve. 6–30. Valve views showing the broad range of valve dimensions. 31–32. Two colonies of three (fig. 31) and two (fig. 32) frustules connected by linking spines. Scale bars represent 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876797/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Figs 31, 32</figureCitation>
). Mantle very broad with clearly undulating edge (
<figureCitation id="C8DC2A3CF413FFACFCB007FDFCE1F8BA" box="[774,858,1784,1810]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–32" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1387,1409]" captionTargetBox="[138,1448,187,1360]" captionTargetId="figure-37@2.[138,1448,187,1360]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–32. Frankophila dalevittii Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers sp. nov. Light microscopy (1–30) and scanning electron microscopy (31–32) views. Holotype population from Campbell Island (sample BAS303). 1–4. Frustules connected via linking spines to form long, band like colonies. 5. Possible initial valve. 6–30. Valve views showing the broad range of valve dimensions. 31–32. Two colonies of three (fig. 31) and two (fig. 32) frustules connected by linking spines. Scale bars represent 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876797/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
). Lower part of the mantle hyaline, covered with fine silica granules (
<figureCitation id="C8DC2A3CF413FFACFE8E0619FE37F89E" box="[312,396,1820,1846]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–32" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1387,1409]" captionTargetBox="[138,1448,187,1360]" captionTargetId="figure-37@2.[138,1448,187,1360]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–32. Frankophila dalevittii Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers sp. nov. Light microscopy (1–30) and scanning electron microscopy (31–32) views. Holotype population from Campbell Island (sample BAS303). 1–4. Frustules connected via linking spines to form long, band like colonies. 5. Possible initial valve. 6–30. Valve views showing the broad range of valve dimensions. 31–32. Two colonies of three (fig. 31) and two (fig. 32) frustules connected by linking spines. Scale bars represent 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876797/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
). Frustules connected to each other via well-developed, interdigitating linking spines (
<figureCitation id="C8DC2A3CF413FFACFAE60619FF1DF8F2" captionStart="FIGURES 1–32" captionStartId="2.[136,243,1387,1409]" captionTargetBox="[138,1448,187,1360]" captionTargetId="figure-37@2.[138,1448,187,1360]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–32. Frankophila dalevittii Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers sp. nov. Light microscopy (1–30) and scanning electron microscopy (31–32) views. Holotype population from Campbell Island (sample BAS303). 1–4. Frustules connected via linking spines to form long, band like colonies. 5. Possible initial valve. 6–30. Valve views showing the broad range of valve dimensions. 31–32. Two colonies of three (fig. 31) and two (fig. 32) frustules connected by linking spines. Scale bars represent 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876797/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Figs 31, 32</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C8DC2A3CF413FFACFF050645FF68F8F2" box="[179,211,1856,1882]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–39" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1656,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-37@4.[151,1435,190,1632]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 33–39. Frankophila dalevittii Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers sp. nov. Scanning electron microscopy views. Holotype population from Campbell Island (sample BAS303). 33. SEM detail of several frustules connected by linking spines showing the girdle structure and the lack of an apical porefield. 34. SEM detail of the interdigitating linking spines. Also note the irregular siliceous ridges on the girdle band. 35–36. SEM external valve face views. Note the presence of the linking spines and the reduced external raphe slits (arrows). 37–38. SEM internal valve face views of two entire valves showing the reduced internal raphe slits (arrows). 38. SEM detail of the internal raphe slit. Scale bars represent 10 µm except for Figs 33, 34 &amp; 39 where scale bars = 1 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876799/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">34</figureCitation>
). Spines solid with dichotomously branching ends (
<figureCitation id="C8DC2A3CF413FFACFCAF0645FCD6F8F2" box="[793,877,1856,1882]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–39" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1656,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-37@4.[151,1435,190,1632]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 33–39. Frankophila dalevittii Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers sp. nov. Scanning electron microscopy views. Holotype population from Campbell Island (sample BAS303). 33. SEM detail of several frustules connected by linking spines showing the girdle structure and the lack of an apical porefield. 34. SEM detail of the interdigitating linking spines. Also note the irregular siliceous ridges on the girdle band. 35–36. SEM external valve face views. Note the presence of the linking spines and the reduced external raphe slits (arrows). 37–38. SEM internal valve face views of two entire valves showing the reduced internal raphe slits (arrows). 38. SEM detail of the internal raphe slit. Scale bars represent 10 µm except for Figs 33, 34 &amp; 39 where scale bars = 1 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876799/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
), located on the virgae between the striae (
<figureCitation id="C8DC2A3CF413FFACFAF90645FF13F8D6" captionStart="FIGURES 33–39" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1656,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-37@4.[151,1435,190,1632]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 33–39. Frankophila dalevittii Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers sp. nov. Scanning electron microscopy views. Holotype population from Campbell Island (sample BAS303). 33. SEM detail of several frustules connected by linking spines showing the girdle structure and the lack of an apical porefield. 34. SEM detail of the interdigitating linking spines. Also note the irregular siliceous ridges on the girdle band. 35–36. SEM external valve face views. Note the presence of the linking spines and the reduced external raphe slits (arrows). 37–38. SEM internal valve face views of two entire valves showing the reduced internal raphe slits (arrows). 38. SEM detail of the internal raphe slit. Scale bars represent 10 µm except for Figs 33, 34 &amp; 39 where scale bars = 1 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876799/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Figs 35, 36</figureCitation>
). External raphe vestiges absent (
<figureCitation id="C8DC2A3CF413FFACFDAC0661FD25F8D6" box="[538,670,1892,1919]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–39" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1656,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-37@4.[151,1435,190,1632]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 33–39. Frankophila dalevittii Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers sp. nov. Scanning electron microscopy views. Holotype population from Campbell Island (sample BAS303). 33. SEM detail of several frustules connected by linking spines showing the girdle structure and the lack of an apical porefield. 34. SEM detail of the interdigitating linking spines. Also note the irregular siliceous ridges on the girdle band. 35–36. SEM external valve face views. Note the presence of the linking spines and the reduced external raphe slits (arrows). 37–38. SEM internal valve face views of two entire valves showing the reduced internal raphe slits (arrows). 38. SEM detail of the internal raphe slit. Scale bars represent 10 µm except for Figs 33, 34 &amp; 39 where scale bars = 1 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876799/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Figs. 35, 36</figureCitation>
) although shallow depressions occasionally observed where slits were expected (
<figureCitation id="C8DC2A3CF413FFACFF4A068DFE3AF80A" box="[252,385,1928,1955]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–39" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1656,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-37@4.[151,1435,190,1632]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 33–39. Frankophila dalevittii Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers sp. nov. Scanning electron microscopy views. Holotype population from Campbell Island (sample BAS303). 33. SEM detail of several frustules connected by linking spines showing the girdle structure and the lack of an apical porefield. 34. SEM detail of the interdigitating linking spines. Also note the irregular siliceous ridges on the girdle band. 35–36. SEM external valve face views. Note the presence of the linking spines and the reduced external raphe slits (arrows). 37–38. SEM internal valve face views of two entire valves showing the reduced internal raphe slits (arrows). 38. SEM detail of the internal raphe slit. Scale bars represent 10 µm except for Figs 33, 34 &amp; 39 where scale bars = 1 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876799/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Figs 35, 36</figureCitation>
, arrows). Striae composed of two rows of rather large, rounded areolae, terminating near the axial area by one areola. Striae continuing shortly but uninterruptedly onto the valve mantle. Rimoportulae and apical porefields absent (
<figureCitation id="C8DC2A3CF413FFACFEE206D5FE6EF842" box="[340,469,2000,2026]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–39" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1656,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-37@4.[151,1435,190,1632]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 33–39. Frankophila dalevittii Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers sp. nov. Scanning electron microscopy views. Holotype population from Campbell Island (sample BAS303). 33. SEM detail of several frustules connected by linking spines showing the girdle structure and the lack of an apical porefield. 34. SEM detail of the interdigitating linking spines. Also note the irregular siliceous ridges on the girdle band. 35–36. SEM external valve face views. Note the presence of the linking spines and the reduced external raphe slits (arrows). 37–38. SEM internal valve face views of two entire valves showing the reduced internal raphe slits (arrows). 38. SEM detail of the internal raphe slit. Scale bars represent 10 µm except for Figs 33, 34 &amp; 39 where scale bars = 1 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876799/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Figs 36, 38</figureCitation>
). Internally, short raphe slits visible near the valve apices (
<figureCitation id="C8DC2A3CF413FFACFBEA06D5FABFF842" box="[1116,1284,2000,2026]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–39" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1656,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-37@4.[151,1435,190,1632]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 33–39. Frankophila dalevittii Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers sp. nov. Scanning electron microscopy views. Holotype population from Campbell Island (sample BAS303). 33. SEM detail of several frustules connected by linking spines showing the girdle structure and the lack of an apical porefield. 34. SEM detail of the interdigitating linking spines. Also note the irregular siliceous ridges on the girdle band. 35–36. SEM external valve face views. Note the presence of the linking spines and the reduced external raphe slits (arrows). 37–38. SEM internal valve face views of two entire valves showing the reduced internal raphe slits (arrows). 38. SEM detail of the internal raphe slit. Scale bars represent 10 µm except for Figs 33, 34 &amp; 39 where scale bars = 1 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876799/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Figs 37, 38, 39</figureCitation>
, arrows), &lt;0.5 µm long. Areolae located in deep grooves (
<figureCitation id="C8DC2A3CF413FFACFDDD06F1FD55F7A6" box="[619,750,2036,2062]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–39" captionStartId="4.[136,243,1656,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-37@4.[151,1435,190,1632]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 33–39. Frankophila dalevittii Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers sp. nov. Scanning electron microscopy views. Holotype population from Campbell Island (sample BAS303). 33. SEM detail of several frustules connected by linking spines showing the girdle structure and the lack of an apical porefield. 34. SEM detail of the interdigitating linking spines. Also note the irregular siliceous ridges on the girdle band. 35–36. SEM external valve face views. Note the presence of the linking spines and the reduced external raphe slits (arrows). 37–38. SEM internal valve face views of two entire valves showing the reduced internal raphe slits (arrows). 38. SEM detail of the internal raphe slit. Scale bars represent 10 µm except for Figs 33, 34 &amp; 39 where scale bars = 1 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876799/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Figs 37, 38</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="04986631F410FFAFFF3E046EFC44FA45" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876797" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13876797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876797/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" startId="2.[136,243,1387,1409]" targetBox="[138,1448,187,1360]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="505836B9F410FFAFFF3E046EFC44FA45" blockId="2.[136,1452,1387,1517]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="6293EAABF410FFAFFF3E046EFE91FA28" bold="true" box="[136,298,1387,1409]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">FIGURES 1–32</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="97E74D3AF410FFAFFE8E046EFCB0FA29" authority="Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers" authorityName="Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers" authorityYear="2020" box="[312,779,1387,1409]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Frankophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fragilariales" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="dalevittii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6293EAABF410FFAFFE8E046EFDB7FA28" box="[312,524,1387,1408]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Frankophila dalevittii</emphasis>
Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="79A057D0F410FFAFFCA50469FCE5FA29" box="[787,862,1388,1409]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" rank="species">
<emphasis id="6293EAABF410FFAFFCA50469FC93FA29" box="[787,808,1388,1409]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">sp</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="6293EAABF410FFAFFC830469FCE3FA29" box="[821,856,1388,1409]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
Light microscopy (1–30) and scanning electron microscopy (31–32) views. Holotype population from Campbell Island (sample BAS303). 1–4. Frustules connected via linking spines to
<taxonomicName id="97E74D3AF410FFAFFAF3048AFA13FA0D" box="[1349,1448,1423,1445]" form="long" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" rank="form">form long</taxonomicName>
, band like colonies. 5. Possible initial valve. 6–30. Valve views showing the broad range of valve dimensions. 31–32. Two colonies of three (fig. 31) and two (fig. 32) frustules connected by linking spines. Scale bars represent 10 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="18FD6532F410FFAFFF0B0719FF42F9D6" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="505836B9F410FFAFFF0B0719FF42F9D6" blockId="2.[136,1452,1564,1987]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="6293EAABF410FFAFFF0B0719FF43F99E" bold="true" box="[189,248,1564,1590]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Type</emphasis>
:—Perseverance Harbour east of Moubray Hill, Campbell Island, sub-Antarctic Region, sample
<collectionCode id="36F6AE7CF410FFAFFAFD0719FA39F99E" box="[1355,1410,1564,1590]" country="Bulgaria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pyrt-ckh3" name="Bulgarian Academy of Science" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">BAS</collectionCode>
303 (leg. D. Vitt, coll. date:
<date id="24591079F410FFAFFE380745FDB4F9F2" box="[398,527,1600,1626]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" value="1970-01-12">12/01/1970</date>
) (
<typeStatus id="8F5C881BF410FFAFFD930745FD32F9F2" box="[549,649,1600,1626]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="36F6AE7CF410FFAFFD390745FD0FF9F2" box="[655,692,1600,1626]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">BR</collectionCode>
!, slide no. 4574,
<typeStatus id="8F5C881BF410FFAFFCC00745FC7CF9F2" box="[886,967,1600,1626]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" type="isotype">isotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="36F6AE7CF410FFAFFC7B0745FBB8F9F2" box="[973,1027,1600,1626]" country="India" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15781" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15781" name="Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" type="Herbarium">PLP</collectionCode>
! slide no. 367, University of Antwerp,
<collectingCountry id="28F07629F410FFAFFF3E0761FF55F9D6" box="[136,238,1636,1662]" name="Belgium" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Belgium</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="18FD6532F410FFAFFF0B078DFE06F8A6" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="505836B9F410FFAFFF0B078DFE06F8A6" blockId="2.[136,1452,1564,1987]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="6293EAABF410FFAFFF0B078DFE85F90A" bold="true" box="[189,318,1672,1698]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Etymology</emphasis>
:—the species is named after Dr. Dale Vitt (Southern
<collectingRegion id="9223F85BF410FFAFFC0F078DFBB3F90A" box="[953,1032,1672,1698]" country="United States of America" name="Illinois" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Illinois</collectingRegion>
University Carbondale,
<collectingCountry id="28F07629F410FFAFFA9E078DFADBF90A" box="[1320,1376,1672,1698]" name="United States of America" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">USA</collectingCountry>
), who collected in the austral summer of 1969–1970 the moss samples used in this study. His collection forms the base of an important contribution to the biogeography and biodiversity of the non-marine diatoms of the sub-Antarctic islands in the southern Pacific Ocean.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="18FD6532F410FFAFFF0B061DFBF4F86A" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="505836B9F410FFAFFF0B061DFBF4F86A" blockId="2.[136,1452,1564,1987]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="6293EAABF410FFAFFF0B061DFEA7F89A" bold="true" box="[189,284,1816,1842]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Ecology</emphasis>
:—
<taxonomicName id="97E74D3AF410FFAFFEF6061DFD8DF89A" authorityName="Van de Vijver &amp; Goeyers" authorityYear="2020" box="[320,566,1816,1842]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Frankophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fragilariales" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="dalevittii">
<emphasis id="6293EAABF410FFAFFEF6061DFD8DF89A" box="[320,566,1816,1842]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Frankophila dalevittii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was observed in three moss samples on Campbell Island. The largest population (up to 10% of all diatom valves in the sample) was found in a
<taxonomicName id="97E74D3AF410FFAFFCF70639FBF1F8FE" box="[833,1098,1852,1878]" class="Bryopsida" family="Racopilaceae" genus="Racopilum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryales" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="species" species="strumiferum">
<emphasis id="6293EAABF410FFAFFCF70639FBF1F8FE" box="[833,1098,1852,1878]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Racopilum strumiferum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vegetation on wet rock under a large overhang in a cave next to sea. The accompanying diatom flora is composed of several melosiroid taxa (that are currently being described as new taxa, Goeyers &amp; Van de Vijver, unpubl. res.),
<taxonomicName id="97E74D3AF410FFAFFC580681FB23F836" box="[1006,1176,1924,1950]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Rhopalodiaceae" genus="Rhopalodia" kingdom="Chromista" order="Rhopalodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="6293EAABF410FFAFFC580681FBCAF836" box="[1006,1137,1924,1950]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Rhopalodia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="97E74D3AF410FFAFFB150681FED5F86B" authority="Greville (1855: 259)" authorityName="Greville" authorityPageNumber="259" authorityYear="1855" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Pinnulariaceae" genus="Diatomella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="balfouriana">
<emphasis id="6293EAABF410FFAFFB150681FA10F836" box="[1187,1451,1924,1950]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Diatomella balfouriana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="34764B48F410FFAFFF3E06ADFED5F86B" author="Greville, R. K." box="[136,366,1960,1987]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" pagination="252 - 261" refId="ref4480" refString="Greville, R. K. (1855) Report on a collection of Diatomaceae made in the district of Braemar by Professor Balfour and Mr. Gerge Lawson. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 2 nd series 15: 252 - 261. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 037454809495417" type="book chapter" year="1855">Greville (1855: 259)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="97E74D3AF410FFAFFE1306ADFBF0F86A" authority="Van de Vijver &amp; Le Cohu (2017: 282)" authorityName="Van de Vijver &amp; Le Cohu" authorityPageNumber="282" authorityYear="2017" box="[421,1099,1960,1986]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Pinnulariaceae" genus="Diatomella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="colonialis">
<emphasis id="6293EAABF410FFAFFE1306ADFD23F86A" box="[421,664,1960,1986]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Diatomella colonialis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="34764B48F410FFAFFD2906ADFBF0F86A" author="Van de Vijver, B. &amp; Le Cohu, R." box="[671,1099,1960,1986]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" pagination="281 - 286" refId="ref5377" refString="Van de Vijver, B. &amp; Le Cohu, R. (2017) Diatomella colonialis, a new diatom species (Bacillariophyta) from the sub-Antarctic Region. Phytotaxa 306 (4): 281 - 286. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 306.4.4" type="journal article" year="2017">Van de Vijver &amp; Le Cohu (2017: 282)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
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<mods:title id="84737DB962395809CD2F648F04756C29">Pinanga gruezoi (Arecaceae), a new slender clustering palm from the Philippines with notes on an amended description of P. samarana</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F56FFCD7C87F83F1D8EF86D" ID-CoL="4HY39" authority="Beccari" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1919" box="[136,449,1994,2021]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="8" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="samarana">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F56FFCD7C87F83F1D2BF86C" bold="true" box="[136,356,1994,2021]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="128">Pinanga samarana</emphasis>
Beccari
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,
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1914,
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! [
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Solitary slender to moderately slender undergrowth palm, to
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tall.
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diam., internodes typically
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apart.
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elongate, cylindrical, slightly swollen. Leaves
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crown, sheath 26‒35.3(‒42) × 2.8‒3.8(‒5) cm, yellowish green, glaucous, ligules inconspicuous to
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long, narrowly triangular.
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without sheath but including typically to c.
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long, petiole c. to
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long, shallowly channelled adaxially, convex abaxially sparsely covered with thin glaucescence as sheath, rachis angular, typically c. 120 × (0.3‒)
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, bifacial adaxially and rounded abaxially with thin glaucescence similar to that of the petiole or glabrous. Leaflets 10‒27 per side of the rachis, coriaceous, subglabrescent, straight or ensiform to indistinctly subfalcate, variably 1‒7-costulate, ± regularly arranged, 3.3‒6.3(‒10.9) cm apart at the middle portion of rachis, the apex long acuminate, glossy green adaxially drying grayish, much paler green abaxially drying reddish-brown (when preserved in alcohol) and conspicuously microlepidote, furnished with midfixed ramenta along the midrib to
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long; basal leaflets 1‒2(‒4)-costulate, 21.4‒42.3(‒67.8) × 0.6‒2.5(‒6.7) cm, middle leaflets 1‒4-costulate, 22.5‒48.9(‒64.4) × 0.8‒2.8(‒7.0), apical leaflets (1‒)4‒9-costulate, 17.9‒32.2(‒45.5) × 0.9‒2.7(‒6.8) cm, joined up to
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at the base along the rachis.
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7902FDDF19E4FDCD" bold="true" box="[1293,1451,554,580]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Inflorescence</emphasis>
c. 11‒22(‒41) cm long, prophyll 15 ×
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, peduncle 1.0‒1.7(‒2.5) cm, rachis 4.3‒7.9(‒16.5) cm long, rachillae bracts gibbous,
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high, rachillae (10‒)14‒21, subdistichously- to spirally-arranged, (5.5‒)
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long; flowers distichously arranged.
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c. 1.2 ×
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, calyx
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high, 3-lobed, joined at the base, petals valvate, 1‒1.2 ×
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, broad to narrow oblique triangular, apex conspicuously apiculate, stamens 14‒15(‒19), filaments
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long, anther basifixed,
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long.
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7EFBFD2B1FF2FD71" bold="true" box="[756,957,734,760]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Pistillate flowers</emphasis>
1.5 ×
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, with broadly ovate imbricate calyx and corolla lobes, margins ± fimbriate.
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7E83FCF71E85FC95" bold="true" box="[652,714,770,796]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Fruit</emphasis>
ovoid-ellipsoid to obovoid or globose, 1.2‒1.7 ×
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, apex shortly conical to areolate, distichously arranged throughout rachillae or only at proximal part then spirally arranged distally, developing from green‒cream‒orange‒red‒reddish black, 12‒20(‒28) fruits per side of the rachis, set to
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apart., fruiting perianth 1.5‒3 ×
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, somewhat broadened at the mouth.
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7810FC9B1818FC01" bold="true" box="[1055,1111,878,904]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Seed</emphasis>
ovoid‒ellipsoid to obovoid or globose, 0.9‒1 ×
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, rounded apically, obliquely concave below.
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7F9FFC671FA2FC25" bold="true" box="[912,1005,914,940]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Eophyll</emphasis>
bifid. (
<figureCitation id="FC9903BC0F57FFCC7830FC6718EFFC25" box="[1087,1184,914,940]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1889,1911]" captionTargetBox="[185,1403,200,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-26@5.[141,1447,175,1865]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Pinanga samarana Beccari from Samar Island. Leaflet variations: linear 1-costulate (A), subfalcate 2-costulate (B), and 3- costulate (C). Infructescence and rachillae architecture: drooping (D) or reflexed (E). Fruit arrangement along rachillae and fruit forms: the typical distichously-arranged ovoid-ellipsoid (F) or obovoid fruits (G), or distal portions of rachillae turning spiral with short-ovoid (H) or globose (I) fruits. Localities: Barangay Tenani, Paranas, Samar (A,E,G = from Adorador 003), Sitio Arizona, Barangay Cansolabao, Hinabangan, Samar (D,F = Adorador 025, I = Adorador 018 &amp; Rambacod), Barangay San Isidro, Paranas, Samar (H = Adorador 027). Scale bar: A = 30 cm, B = 40 cm, C = 60 cm, D &amp; E = 15 cm, F = 10 cm, G‒I = 2 cm. Photos A‒I (Jiro T. Adorador)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876727/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Figure 4</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2CB84CB20F57FFCC7CB2FC431D7BF8B9" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="641D1F390F57FFCC7CB2FC431E78FC7C" blockId="9.[136,1452,158,2093]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7CB2FC431DBEFC59" bold="true" box="[189,497,950,976]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Distribution and Habitat:</emphasis>
—This palm was thought to be restricted to
<collectingRegion id="A666D1DB0F57FFCC7FECFC431864FC59" box="[995,1067,950,976]" country="Philippines" name="Samar" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Samar</collectingRegion>
Island but is now known to occur on
<collectingRegion id="A666D1DB0F57FFCC7CA4FC2F1D4BFC7D" box="[171,260,986,1012]" country="Philippines" name="Dinagat Islands" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Dinagat</collectingRegion>
Island as a well (
<figureCitation id="FC9903BC0F57FFCC7DC8FC2F1E66FC7C" box="[455,553,986,1013]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[136,229,1932,1954]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,197,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[139,1449,187,1910]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. The distribution map of Pinanga samarana Beccari and closely related species based on herbarium records. The gray-shaded area approximates the c. 150 meters below sea level bathymetry line which shows several Pleistocene Aggregated Island Complexes (PAIC) (Heaney 1986)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876729" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876729/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Figure 5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="641D1F390F57FFCC7CB2FC0B1974FB0D" blockId="9.[136,1452,158,2093]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7CB2FC0B1D3BFB91" bold="true" box="[189,372,1022,1048]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Local Name:—</emphasis>
The Waray (
<collectingRegion id="A666D1DB0F57FFCC7DF0FC0B1E07FB91" box="[511,584,1022,1048]" country="Philippines" name="Samar" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Samar</collectingRegion>
Island local inhabitants) guides generally referred to this palm as
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7935FC0B19E3FB91" box="[1338,1452,1022,1048]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">tagibunga</emphasis>
while the Mamanwa tribe (migrant indigenous people from Mindanao Island) occupying Km. 16, Tinabanan, Marabut,
<collectingRegion id="A666D1DB0F57FFCC7C87FBB31C9FFBE9" box="[136,208,1094,1120]" country="Philippines" name="Samar" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Samar</collectingRegion>
call this palm
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7D88FBB31E59FBE9" box="[391,534,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">salanguisog.</emphasis>
It is noteworthy, that the Manobo tribe (indigenous people from northeastern Mindanao) also use the latter vernacular name for
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F57FFCC7EB3FB9E1F29FB0D" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1919" box="[700,870,1130,1156]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="urdanetensis">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7EB3FB9E1F29FB0D" box="[700,870,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">P. urdanetensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as per notes of Elmer in
<bibRefCitation id="003362C80F57FFCC7887FB9F1960FB0D" author="Beccari, O." box="[1160,1327,1130,1156]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" pagination="2997 - 3607" refId="ref7444" refString="Beccari, O. (1919 b) Palms of the Philippine Islands. In: Elmer, A. D. E. (Ed.) Leaflets of Philippine Botany 8: 2997 - 3607." type="journal article" year="1919">Beccari 1919b</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7CB2FB7B1E63FB21" bold="true" box="[189,556,1166,1192]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Other specimens examined:—</emphasis>
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.
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,
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.
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.
<collectorName id="C9577AEF0F57FFCC7D38FB471DEBFB45" box="[311,420,1202,1228]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Adorador</collectorName>
003
</emphasis>
(
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!
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!
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!)
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;
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.
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011
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(
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!,
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;
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.
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.
<collectorName id="C9577AEF0F57FFCC7C87FB231CBAFB79" box="[136,245,1238,1264]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Adorador</collectorName>
032
</emphasis>
(
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!)
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;
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,
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.
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027
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(
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;
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without exact locality,
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,
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D.
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&amp;
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(
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,
<date id="101C39F90F57FFCC7CFFFAEB1DD3FAB0" box="[240,412,1310,1337]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" value="2015-03-11">
<collectingDate id="0058C0110F57FFCC7CFFFAEB1DD3FAB0" box="[240,412,1310,1337]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" value="2015-03-11">11 March 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7DA8FAEB1F6DFAB1" box="[423,802,1310,1337]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC7DA8FAEB1DFAFAB1" box="[423,437,1310,1336]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC7DB7FAEB1D86FAB1" box="[440,457,1310,1336]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">T</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="C9577AEF0F57FFCC7DC3FAEB1E74FAB1" box="[460,571,1310,1336]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Adorador</collectorName>
018 &amp;
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC7E80FAEA1EEFFAB1" box="[655,672,1311,1336]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">T</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="C9577AEF0F57FFCC7EA5FAEB1F6DFAB1" box="[682,802,1310,1336]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Rambacod</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC7F3EFAEB1F3EFAB1" box="[817,881,1310,1336]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" name="University of the Philippines at Los Baños" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" type="Herbarium">LBC</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="D4CA15640F57FFCC7F85FAEB1900FAB1" box="[906,1359,1310,1337]" collectingDate="2015-07-19" collectionCode="J, T, LBC" collectorName="Adorador" country="Philippines" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" specimenCount="1">
<date id="101C39F90F57FFCC7F85FAEB1853FAB0" box="[906,1052,1310,1337]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" value="2015-07-19">
<collectingDate id="0058C0110F57FFCC7F85FAEB1853FAB0" box="[906,1052,1310,1337]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" value="2015-07-19">19 July 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7828FAEA18BCFAB1" box="[1063,1267,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC7828FAEA1879FAB1" box="[1063,1078,1311,1336]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC7835FAEA1803FAB1" box="[1082,1100,1311,1336]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">T</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="C9577AEF0F57FFCC785AFAEB188DFAB1" box="[1109,1218,1310,1336]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Adorador</collectorName>
006
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC790DFAEB190DFAB1" box="[1282,1346,1310,1336]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" name="University of the Philippines at Los Baños" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" type="Herbarium">LBC</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="D4CA15640F57FFCC7955FAEB1DBBFAD5" collectingDate="2015-07-24" collectionCode="J, T, LBC" collectorName="Adorador" country="Philippines" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" specimenCount="1">
<date id="101C39F90F57FFCC7955FAEB1C8CFAD4" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" value="2015-07-24">
<collectingDate id="0058C0110F57FFCC7955FAEB1C8CFAD4" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" value="2015-07-24">24 July 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7CC2FAB61DD7FAD5" box="[205,408,1346,1372]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC7CC2FAB61C93FAD5" box="[205,220,1347,1372]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC7CEFFAB61CBDFAD5" box="[224,242,1347,1372]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">T</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="C9577AEF0F57FFCC7CF4FAB71D27FAD5" box="[251,360,1346,1372]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Adorador</collectorName>
025
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC7DA8FAB71DA8FAD5" box="[423,487,1346,1372]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" name="University of the Philippines at Los Baños" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" type="Herbarium">LBC</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="D4CA15640F57FFCC7DF0FAB61CAFFA09" collectingDate="1948-04-21" collectionCode="PNH" collectorName="Sulit &amp; Conese" country="Philippines" elevation="200" location="Mt. Concord" municipality="Barangay Bagacay" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="847985430F57FFCC7DF0FAB61E9EFAD4" box="[511,721,1347,1373]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Barangay Bagacay</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="617D49E20F57FFCC7ED3FAB61F22FAD5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EC0BAE2F0F56FFCE7C87F83F18D1FD71:617D49E20F57FFCC7ED3FAB61F22FAD5" box="[732,877,1346,1373]" country="Philippines" municipality="Barangay Bagacay" name="Mt. Concord" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Mt. Concord</location>
, c.
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F57FFCC7F9EFAB71F98FAD4" box="[913,983,1346,1373]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" unit="m" value="200.0">
<elevation id="EF8FF80A0F57FFCC7F9EFAB71F98FAD4" box="[913,983,1346,1373]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev.,
<date id="101C39F90F57FFCC7811FAB718F4FAD5" box="[1054,1211,1346,1372]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" value="1948-04-21">
<collectingDate id="0058C0110F57FFCC7811FAB718F4FAD5" box="[1054,1211,1346,1372]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" value="1948-04-21">21 April 1948</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC78CAFAB719E4FAD5" box="[1221,1451,1346,1373]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">
<collectorName id="C9577AEF0F57FFCC78CAFAB718B7FAD5" box="[1221,1272,1346,1372]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Sulit</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="C9577AEF0F57FFCC7914FAB61922FAD4" box="[1307,1389,1347,1373]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Conese</collectorName>
2716
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC7C9EFA931C9CFA09" box="[145,211,1382,1408]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15314" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15314" name="National Museum" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" type="Herbarium">PNH</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="D4CA15640F57FFCC7CE3FA9318F7FA09" box="[236,1208,1382,1409]" collectingDate="2016-02-19" collectionCode="J, T, LBC" collectorName="Adorador" country="Philippines" county="Marabut" location="Km" municipality="Barangay Tinabanan" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCounty id="8D7C67B50F57FFCC7CE3FA931D01FA09" box="[236,334,1382,1408]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Marabut</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="847985430F57FFCC7D54FA921E09FA09" box="[347,582,1382,1409]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Barangay Tinabanan</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="617D49E20F57FFCC7E5CFA921E32FA08" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EC0BAE2F0F56FFCE7C87F83F18D1FD71:617D49E20F57FFCC7E5CFA921E32FA08" box="[595,637,1383,1409]" country="Philippines" county="Marabut" municipality="Barangay Tinabanan" name="Km" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Km</location>
16,
<date id="101C39F90F57FFCC7EBEFA931F31FA09" box="[689,894,1382,1408]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" value="2016-02-19">
<collectingDate id="0058C0110F57FFCC7EBEFA931F31FA09" box="[689,894,1382,1408]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" value="2016-02-19">19 February 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7F85FA921815FA09" box="[906,1114,1382,1408]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC7F85FA921FD6FA09" box="[906,921,1383,1408]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC7F92FA921FE0FA09" box="[925,943,1383,1408]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">T</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="C9577AEF0F57FFCC7FB5FA931868FA09" box="[954,1063,1382,1408]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Adorador</collectorName>
082
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC7864FA9318E4FA09" box="[1131,1195,1382,1408]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" name="University of the Philippines at Los Baños" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" type="Herbarium">LBC</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="D4CA15640F57FFCC78CAFA921E97FA2D" collectingDate="1970-03" collectingDateMax="1970-04-31" collectingDateMin="1970-03" collectionCode="H, G, PNH" collectorName="Gutierrez" country="Philippines" location="Mt. Sohoton" municipality="Basey" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="847985430F57FFCC78CAFA921945FA08" box="[1221,1290,1383,1409]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Basey</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="617D49E20F57FFCC7918FA9219E8FA09" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EC0BAE2F0F56FFCE7C87F83F18D1FD71:617D49E20F57FFCC7918FA9219E8FA09" box="[1303,1447,1382,1409]" country="Philippines" municipality="Basey" name="Mt. Sohoton" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Mt. Sohoton</location>
,
<date id="101C39F90F57FFCC7C87FA7F1D14FA2D" box="[136,347,1418,1444]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" value="1970-03" valueMax="1970-04-31" valueMin="1970-03-00">
<collectingDate id="0058C0110F57FFCC7C87FA7F1D14FA2D" box="[136,347,1418,1444]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" value="1970-03" valueMax="1970-04-31" valueMin="1970-03-00">March–April 1970</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7D69FA7E1E34FA2D" box="[358,635,1418,1445]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC7D69FA7E1D30FA2C" box="[358,383,1419,1445]" country="Finland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15618" name="University of Helsinki" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" type="Herbarium">H</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC7D8CFA7E1DD6FA2C" box="[387,409,1419,1445]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="C9577AEF0F57FFCC7DADFA7E1E43FA2C" box="[418,524,1419,1445]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Gutierrez</collectorName>
et al. 544
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC7E86FA7F1E84FA2D" box="[649,715,1418,1444]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15314" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15314" name="National Museum" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" type="Herbarium">PNH</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="D4CA15640F57FFCC7EECFA7E1E49FA41" collectingDate="1971-05" collectionCode="A, PNH" collectorName="Madulid" country="Philippines" location="Guinmaayuhan" municipality="Balangiga" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Samar">
<collectingRegion id="A666D1DB0F57FFCC7EECFA7E1FBEFA2D" box="[739,1009,1418,1445]" country="Philippines" name="Eastern Samar" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Eastern Samar Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="847985430F57FFCC7FF3FA7F183FFA2D" box="[1020,1136,1418,1444]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Balangiga</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="617D49E20F57FFCC7875FA7F1967FA2D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EC0BAE2F0F56FFCE7C87F83F18D1FD71:617D49E20F57FFCC7875FA7F1967FA2D" box="[1146,1320,1418,1444]" country="Philippines" municipality="Balangiga" name="Guinmaayuhan" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" stateProvince="Eastern Samar">Guinmaayuhan</location>
,
<date id="101C39F90F57FFCC793CFA7E19E9FA2D" box="[1331,1446,1418,1445]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" value="1971-05">
<collectingDate id="0058C0110F57FFCC793CFA7E19E9FA2D" box="[1331,1446,1418,1445]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" value="1971-05">May 1971</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7C87FA5A1DE9FA41" box="[136,422,1454,1481]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">
D.
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC7CACFA5A1CF8FA40" box="[163,183,1455,1481]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="C9577AEF0F57FFCC7CCBFA5B1D6CFA41" box="[196,291,1454,1480]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Madulid</collectorName>
et al. 1370
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC7DB7FA5B1DB5FA41" box="[440,506,1454,1480]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15314" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15314" name="National Museum" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" type="Herbarium">PNH</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="D4CA15640F57FFCC7E1CFA5B18A8F999" collectingDate="2009-05-15" collectionCode="J, T, LBC, E, S, P" collectorName="Fernando &amp; Island &amp; Loreto &amp; Lillo &amp; Libjo" country="Philippines" county="Salcedo" elevation="55" location="Adorador" municipality="Barangay Carapadapan" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" specimenCode="LDLCP3, SP8, LDLP1, SP61" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Dinagat Islands">
<collectingCounty id="8D7C67B50F57FFCC7E1CFA5B1E21FA41" box="[531,622,1454,1480]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Salcedo</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="847985430F57FFCC7E73FA5A1FCAFA41" box="[636,901,1454,1481]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Barangay Carapadapan</collectingMunicipality>
,
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7F9DFA5A182DFA41" box="[914,1122,1454,1480]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC7F9DFA5A1FEEFA41" box="[914,929,1455,1480]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC7FAAFA5A1FF8FA41" box="[933,951,1455,1480]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">T</collectionCode>
.
<location id="617D49E20F57FFCC7FCDFA5B1860FA41" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EC0BAE2F0F56FFCE7C87F83F18D1FD71:617D49E20F57FFCC7FCDFA5B1860FA41" box="[962,1071,1454,1480]" country="Philippines" county="Salcedo" municipality="Barangay Carapadapan" name="Adorador" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" stateProvince="Dinagat Islands">Adorador</location>
090
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC787CFA5B18FCFA41" box="[1139,1203,1454,1480]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" name="University of the Philippines at Los Baños" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" type="Herbarium">LBC</collectionCode>
!),
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F57FFCC78C3FA5B1948FA40" box="[1228,1287,1454,1481]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" unit="m" value="55.0">
<elevation id="EF8FF80A0F57FFCC78C3FA5B1948FA40" box="[1228,1287,1454,1481]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" unit="m" value="55.0">55 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev.,
<date id="101C39F90F57FFCC795CFA5B1C8CFA65" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" value="2009-05-15">
<collectingDate id="0058C0110F57FFCC795CFA5B1C8CFA65" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" value="2009-05-15">15 May 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7CC2FA261DE2FA65" box="[205,429,1490,1517]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC7CC2FA261C91FA65" box="[205,222,1491,1516]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC7CECFA261CB9FA64" box="[227,246,1491,1517]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="C9577AEF0F57FFCC7D0FFA271D21FA65" box="[256,366,1490,1516]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Fernando</collectorName>
2155
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC7DB3FA271DB3FA65" box="[444,508,1490,1516]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14633" name="University of the Philippines at Los Baños" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" type="Herbarium">LBC</collectionCode>
!).
<collectingRegion id="A666D1DB0F57FFCC7E1DFA271E24FA65" box="[530,619,1490,1516]" country="Philippines" name="Dinagat Islands" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Dinagat</collectingRegion>
<collectorName id="C9577AEF0F57FFCC7E7EFA271EF5FA65" box="[625,698,1490,1516]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Island</collectorName>
:
<collectingRegion id="A666D1DB0F57FFCC7ECCFA271FC7FA65" box="[707,904,1490,1516]" country="Philippines" name="Dinagat Islands" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Dinagat Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectorName id="C9577AEF0F57FFCC7F9DFA261FAFFA64" box="[914,992,1491,1517]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Loreto</collectorName>
,
<location id="617D49E20F57FFCC7FE5FA2718ECFA65" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EC0BAE2F0F56FFCE7C87F83F18D1FD71:617D49E20F57FFCC7FE5FA2718ECFA65" box="[1002,1187,1490,1516]" country="Philippines" county="Salcedo" municipality="Barangay Carapadapan" name="Balitbiton forest" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" stateProvince="Dinagat Islands">Balitbiton forest</location>
,
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F57FFCC78A2FA2718BCFA64" box="[1197,1267,1490,1517]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7899999999999998" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" unit="m" value="179.0">
<elevation id="EF8FF80A0F57FFCC78A2FA2718BCFA64" box="[1197,1267,1490,1517]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7899999999999998" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" unit="m" value="179.0">179 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 2016,
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7970FA261D19F999" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">
<collectionCode id="02B387FC0F57FFCC7970FA2619DFFA65" box="[1407,1424,1491,1516]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
.
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</emphasis>
(
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!),
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,
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,
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elev., 2016,
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(
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!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="641D1F390F57FFCC7CB2F9EF1D7BF8B9" blockId="9.[136,1452,158,2093]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7CB2F9EF1D9DF9BD" bold="true" box="[189,466,1562,1588]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Conservation status:—</emphasis>
The area of occupancy (AOO) of
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F57FFCC7F52F9EE1879F9BD" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1919" box="[861,1078,1563,1588]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="samarana">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7F52F9EE1879F9BD" box="[861,1078,1563,1588]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Pinanga samarana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is estimated at
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<superScript id="93D7B2710F57FFCC7936F9EF190EF9A1" attach="left" box="[1337,1345,1562,1576]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">2</superScript>
, thus we regard this species as Endangered [EN B2 b(ii, iii) c(iii)]. Preliminary palm surveys conducted
<date id="101C39F90F57FFCC78ECF9CB19C4F9D1" box="[1251,1419,1598,1624]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" value="2016-02">
February
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F57FFCC795CF9CB19C4F9D1" box="[1363,1419,1598,1624]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.12064" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" unit="in" value="2016.0">2016</quantity>
</date>
in thirty-six
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×
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F57FFCC7D44F9971DCBF9F4" box="[331,388,1634,1661]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
nested plots established across different forest
<typeStatus id="BB19A19B0F57FFCC7F9CF9961F81F9F4" box="[915,974,1635,1661]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">types</typeStatus>
at SINP, revealed that
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F57FFCC78D9F99619E4F9F5" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1919" box="[1238,1451,1635,1660]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="samarana">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC78D9F99619E4F9F5" box="[1238,1451,1635,1660]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Pinanga samarana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurred in 21 out of 36 plots and that it was the most abundant, erect palm species. We recorded 609 palm individuals (164 mature, 127 saplings, and 318 seedlings) (
<bibRefCitation id="003362C80F57FFCC7EAAF95F1F1CF94D" author="Adorador, J. T." box="[677,851,1706,1732]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" refId="ref7247" refString="Adorador, J. T. (2016) Taxonomy and ecology of palms (Arecaceae) on Samar Island, Philippines. MSc Thesis, University of the Philippines - Los Banos, Philippines, 212 pp." type="book" year="2016">Adorador 2016</bibRefCitation>
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7F53F95F186FF94D" box="[860,1056,1706,1732]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">unpublished data</emphasis>
). Despite high abundance in some areas, this species is threatened by fluctuating population sizes and continuing habitat degradation such as land-use conversion and/or illegal logging (on
<collectingRegion id="A666D1DB0F57FFCC7E31F9071EC9F885" box="[574,646,1778,1804]" country="Philippines" name="Samar" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Samar</collectingRegion>
Island) as well as mining activities planned in the area especially on
<collectingRegion id="A666D1DB0F57FFCC7C87F8E31CAEF8B9" box="[136,225,1814,1840]" country="Philippines" name="Dinagat Islands" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Dinagat</collectingRegion>
Island.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2CB84CB20F57FFCE7CB2F8CF18D1FD71" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="131" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="641D1F390F57FFCC7CB2F8CF18BDF8DD" blockId="9.[136,1452,158,2093]" box="[189,1266,1850,1877]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7CB2F8CF1D2BF8DD" bold="true" box="[189,356,1850,1876]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Etymology:—</emphasis>
This palm is named after the island of its
<typeStatus id="BB19A19B0F57FFCC7F3BF8CE1F2BF8DC" box="[820,868,1851,1877]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">type</typeStatus>
locality,
<collectingRegion id="A666D1DB0F57FFCC7FC4F8CF185CF8DD" box="[971,1043,1850,1876]" country="Philippines" name="Samar" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Samar</collectingRegion>
Island,
<collectingCountry id="1CB55FA90F57FFCC7863F8CF18A1F8DD" box="[1132,1262,1850,1876]" name="Philippines" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Philippines</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="641D1F390F57FFCC7CB2F8AB1DE6F86D" blockId="9.[136,1452,158,2093]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7CB2F8AB1D69F8F1" bold="true" box="[189,294,1886,1912]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Notes:—</emphasis>
The description of the
<typeStatus id="BB19A19B0F57FFCC7E34F8AB1ED2F8F1" box="[571,669,1886,1912]" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7EBCF8AA1FC2F8F1" box="[691,909,1886,1913]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Ramos B.S. 17535</emphasis>
) from fragmentary material (few leaflets and immature infructescence) makes it difficult to delimit this taxon
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7F53F8761FEEF815" box="[860,929,1923,1948]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">in situ</emphasis>
. But several site visits, herbarium studies, and careful observations across the different forest formations permitted sound generalizations on the actual extent of its morphological variations.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="641D1F390F57FFCF7CB2F81A193FFD71" blockId="9.[136,1452,158,2093]" lastBlockId="10.[136,1452,158,761]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F57FFCC7CB2F81A1DDBF781" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1919" box="[189,404,2031,2056]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="9" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="samarana">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F57FFCC7CB2F81A1DDBF781" box="[189,404,2031,2056]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="129">Pinanga samarana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as characterized by its solitary habit, moderately slender stem (
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diam.), non-mottled typically 1–3-costulate middle leaflets, and relatively few rachillae (ave. 14) belong to the Urosperma group which includes
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F54FFCF7CE5FF6A1E3CFF31" authority="Fernando (1994: 776)" authorityName="Fernando" authorityPageNumber="776" authorityYear="1994" box="[234,627,158,185]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glaucifolia">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F54FFCF7CE5FF6A1CB4FF31" box="[234,251,159,184]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F54FFCF7D09FF6B1D30FF31" box="[262,383,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">glaucifolia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="003362C80F54FFCF7D8BFF6B1E3CFF31" author="Fernando, E. S." box="[388,627,158,184]" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" pagination="775 - 784" refId="ref7644" refString="Fernando, E. S. (1994) New species of Pinanga (Palmae: Arecoideae) from Luzon Island, Philippines. Kew Bulletin 49 (4): 775 - 784. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 4118071" type="journal article" year="1994">Fernando (1994: 776)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F54FFCF7EABFF6A1858FF31" authority="Beccari (1909: 341)" authorityName="Beccari" authorityPageNumber="341" authorityYear="1909" box="[676,1047,158,184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="urosperma">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F54FFCF7EABFF6A1F7BFF31" box="[676,820,159,184]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">P.urosperma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="003362C80F54FFCF7F36FF6B1858FF31" author="Beccari, O." box="[825,1047,158,184]" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" pagination="639 - 650" refId="ref7374" refString="Beccari, O. (1909) New or little - known Philippine palms. In: Elmer, A. D. E. (Ed.) Leaflets of Philippine Botany 2 (36): 639 - 650." type="book chapter" year="1909">Beccari (1909: 341)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. It also share superficial resemblance with
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F54FFCF7CCCFF361E36FF55" authority="Beccari (1919 b: 3008)" authorityName="Beccari" authorityPageNumber="3008" authorityYear="1919" box="[195,633,194,220]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="urdanetensis">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F54FFCF7CCCFF361D20FF55" box="[195,367,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">P. urdanetensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="003362C80F54FFCF7D77FF371E36FF55" author="Beccari, O." box="[376,633,194,220]" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" pagination="2997 - 3607" refId="ref7444" refString="Beccari, O. (1919 b) Palms of the Philippine Islands. In: Elmer, A. D. E. (Ed.) Leaflets of Philippine Botany 8: 2997 - 3607." type="journal article" year="1919">Beccari (1919b: 3008)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
which undoubtedly belongs to the widespread and highly polymorphic
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F54FFCF7C87FF121E78FE89" authority="Beccari (1889: 180)" authorityName="Beccari" authorityPageNumber="180" authorityYear="1889" box="[136,567,230,256]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="philippinensis">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F54FFCF7C87FF121D0BFE89" box="[136,324,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">P. philippinensis</emphasis>
Beccari (1889: 180)
</taxonomicName>
complex of the Philippinensis group [
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F54FFCF7FF3FF13188DFE89" box="[1020,1218,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">unpublished data</emphasis>
] (
<tableCitation id="29202A820F54FFCF78D2FF131976FE89" box="[1245,1337,230,256]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="10.[136,224,808,832]" captionText="TABLE 2. Morphological comparison of Pinanga samarana and closely related species in the Philippines. Character traits" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">Table 2</tableCitation>
). Broadly cicumscribed,
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F54FFCF7D3FFEFE1D8EFEAD" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1919" box="[304,449,267,292]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="samarana">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F54FFCF7D3FFEFE1D8EFEAD" box="[304,449,267,292]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">P. samarana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a medium-sized solitary palm with glaucescent leaf sheath having entire margins, typically 2-costulate leaflets (sometimes variably 1–3-costulate) that are drying reddish-brown with microlepidote underneath, inflorescence with several (up to 21) subdistichous to spirally arranged rachillae, and relatively large (to 1.8 ×
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) distichously-set (or becoming spiral distally) ovoid-ellipsoidal to obovoid fruits. Particularly,
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F54FFCF792FFE8219E4FE19" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1919" box="[1312,1451,375,400]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="samarana">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F54FFCF792FFE8219E4FE19" box="[1312,1451,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">P. samarana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F54FFCF7D6EFE6E1DB6FE3D" authorityName="Fernando" authorityYear="1994" box="[353,505,410,436]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glaucifolia">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F54FFCF7D6EFE6E1DB6FE3D" box="[353,505,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">P. glaucifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but the latter is different in its leaflets being abaxially glaucous without distinct microlepidote, fewer number of rachillae (6–10), and much larger ovoid-globose or sphaeroidal (2 ×
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F54FFCF7910FE4B193CFE51" box="[1311,1395,446,472]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" unit="cm" value="1.8">1.8 cm</quantity>
). On the other hand,
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F54FFCF7D32FE161D9DFE75" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1909" box="[317,466,483,508]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="urosperma">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F54FFCF7D32FE161D9DFE75" box="[317,466,483,508]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">P. urosperma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is decidedly different from
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F54FFCF7F19FE161FECFE75" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1919" box="[790,931,483,508]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="samarana">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F54FFCF7F19FE161FECFE75" box="[790,931,483,508]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">P. samarana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in its fewer rachillae number (4–5 vs.
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<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F54FFCF7CA9FDF21D7CFDA9" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1919" box="[166,307,519,544]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="samarana">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F54FFCF7CA9FDF21D7CFDA9" box="[166,307,519,544]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">P. samarana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and larger bullet-shaped fruits (up to 3.2 ×
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).Meanwhile, as stated in the protologue (
<bibRefCitation id="003362C80F54FFCF795BFDF31C9DFDCD" author="Beccari, O." pageId="10" pageNumber="130" pagination="2997 - 3607" refId="ref7444" refString="Beccari, O. (1919 b) Palms of the Philippine Islands. In: Elmer, A. D. E. (Ed.) Leaflets of Philippine Botany 8: 2997 - 3607." type="journal article" year="1919">Beccari 1919b</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F54FFCF7CEBFDDE1DC3FDCD" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1919" box="[228,396,554,580]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="urdanetensis">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F54FFCF7CEBFDDE1DC3FDCD" box="[228,396,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">P. urdanetensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
only differs from
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F54FFCF7E5CFDDE1E91FDCD" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1919" box="[595,734,555,580]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="samarana">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F54FFCF7E5CFDDE1E91FDCD" box="[595,734,555,580]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">P. samarana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its leaflets being abaxially grayish-brown when dried without conspicuous microlepidote and apparently smaller fruits (though only then known from immature fruits). But when
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F54FFCF7C87FD861D59FD05" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1919" box="[136,278,627,652]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="samarana">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F54FFCF7C87FD861D59FD05" box="[136,278,627,652]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">P. samarana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is altogether compared to the
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F54FFCF7E75FD861F7AFD05" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1889" box="[634,821,626,652]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="philippinensis">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F54FFCF7E75FD861F7AFD05" box="[634,821,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">P. philippinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex, the latter significantly deviates in its habitat preference being found in lower to upper montane forests or 600–more than
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F54FFCF7FD3FD631878FD38" box="[988,1079,662,689]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" unit="m" value="2000.0">2,000 m</quantity>
elev., leaf sheath margins readily disintegrating into fibers and its surface covered with rust-brown to purplish lepidote, relatively smaller fruits (up to 1.4 ×
<quantity id="A35AB2DC0F54FFCF7CC6FD2B1D58FD71" box="[201,279,734,760]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" unit="cm" value="0.8">0.8 cm</quantity>
) and the fruit pericarp typically turn creamish-pink just before maturation (orange in
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F54FFCF78DBFD2A1910FD71" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1919" box="[1236,1375,735,760]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="samarana">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F54FFCF78DBFD2A1910FD71" box="[1236,1375,735,760]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">P. samarana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="30DD4FB10F54FFCF7C87FCDD19E8FCC9" box="[136,1447,808,832]" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" startId="10.[136,224,808,832]" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="641D1F390F54FFCF7C87FCDD19E8FCC9" blockId="10.[136,1447,808,868]" box="[136,1447,808,832]" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F54FFCF7C87FCDD1CB4FCC9" bold="true" box="[136,251,808,832]" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
Morphological comparison of
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F54FFCF7E48FCDC1F5CFCC9" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1919" box="[583,787,809,832]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="samarana">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F54FFCF7E48FCDC1F5CFCC9" box="[583,787,809,832]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">Pinanga samarana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and closely related species in the Philippines. Character traits
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="641D1F390F54FFCF7C87FCB91FF3FCED" blockId="10.[136,1447,808,868]" box="[136,956,844,868]" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">
<tableNote id="99441EB70F54FFCF7C87FCB91FF3FCED" box="[136,956,844,868]" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" targetBox="[144,1438,885,2004]" targetPageId="10">
lifted and updated from Beccari (1889, 1909, 1919a,b) and
<bibRefCitation id="003362C80F54FFCF7F0DFCB91FF7FCED" author="Fernando, E. S." box="[770,952,844,868]" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" pagination="775 - 784" refId="ref7644" refString="Fernando, E. S. (1994) New species of Pinanga (Palmae: Arecoideae) from Luzon Island, Philippines. Kew Bulletin 49 (4): 775 - 784. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 4118071" type="journal article" year="1994">Fernando (1994)</bibRefCitation>
.
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="641D1F390F54FFCF7D90FC83196BF85A" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">
<table id="16A2ED990F54003A7C9FFC8019D1F85D" box="[144,1438,885,2004]" gridcols="5" gridrows="17" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">
<tr id="DA921D7B0F54003A7C9FFC8019D1FC02" box="[144,1438,885,907]" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
<th id="994374070F54003A7D90FC801ECAFC02" box="[415,645,885,907]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">Urosperma group</th>
<th id="994374070F54003A7897FC8019D1FC02" box="[1176,1438,885,907]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">Philippinensis group</th>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F54003A7C9FFC6919D1FC5F" box="[144,1438,924,982]" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">
<td id="994374070F54003A7D90FC691ECAFC5F" box="[415,645,924,982]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F54FFCF7D90FC5B1E13FC4A" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1919" box="[415,604,942,963]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="samarana">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F54FFCF7D90FC5B1E13FC4A" bold="true" box="[415,604,942,963]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">Pinanga samarana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7EAFFC691F35FC5F" box="[672,890,924,982]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F54FFCF7EAFFC5B1F2AFC4D" authorityName="Fernando" authorityYear="1994" box="[672,869,942,964]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glaucifolia">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F54FFCF7EAFFC5B1F2AFC4D" bold="true" box="[672,869,942,964]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">Pinanga glaucifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7F92FC6918CEFC5F" box="[925,1153,924,982]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F54FFCF7F92FC5B182DFC4A" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1909" box="[925,1122,942,963]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="urosperma">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F54FFCF7F92FC5B182DFC4A" bold="true" box="[925,1122,942,963]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">Pinanga urosperma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7897FC6919D1FC5F" box="[1176,1438,924,982]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F54FFCF7897FC6918BAFC5F" bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F54FFCF7897FC691932FC3B" authorityName="Beccari" authorityYear="1889" box="[1176,1405,924,946]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="philippinensis">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F54FFCF7897FC691932FC3B" bold="true" box="[1176,1405,924,946]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">Pinanga philippinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4DE57E500F54FFCF798DFC6919D1FC38" box="[1410,1438,924,945]" pageId="10" pageNumber="130" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(solitary)
</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F54003A7C9FFC1D19D1FBCC" box="[144,1438,1000,1093]" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">
<th id="994374070F54003A7C9FFC1D1DC3FBCC" box="[144,396,1000,1093]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">DISTRIBUTION (PAIC; island or/and biogeographic subregion)</th>
<td id="994374070F54003A7D90FC1D1ECAFBCC" box="[415,645,1000,1093]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">Greater Mindanao; Samar and Dinagat</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7EAFFC1D1F35FBCC" box="[672,890,1000,1093]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">Greater Luzon; Bicol peninsula</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7F92FC1D18CEFBCC" box="[925,1153,1000,1093]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">Greater Luzon; northeastern part</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7897FC1D19D1FBCC" box="[1176,1438,1000,1093]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">widepsread</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F54003A7C9FFBA219D1FB18" box="[144,1438,1111,1169]" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">
<th id="994374070F54003A7C9FFBA21DC3FB18" box="[144,396,1111,1169]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">ELEVATION RANGE (m elev.)</th>
<td id="994374070F54003A7D90FBA21ECAFB18" box="[415,645,1111,1169]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">lowland to lower montane, up to c. 600</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7EAFFBA21F35FB18" box="[672,890,1111,1169]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">lowland forests, c. 300</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7F92FBA218CEFB18" box="[925,1153,1111,1169]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">lowland forests, c. 300</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7897FBA219D1FB18" box="[1176,1438,1111,1169]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">lower to upper montane forests, c. 600—&gt;2,000</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F54003A7C9FFB5719D1FB3E" box="[144,1438,1186,1207]" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">
<th id="994374070F54003A7C9FFB5719D1FB3E" box="[144,1438,1186,1207]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">MORPHOLOGY</th>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F54003A7C9FFB3C19D1FB56" box="[144,1438,1225,1247]" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">
<th id="994374070F54003A7C9FFB3C1DC3FB56" box="[144,396,1225,1247]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">· Stem diameter (cm)</th>
<td id="994374070F54003A7D90FB3C1ECAFB56" box="[415,645,1225,1247]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">5</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7EAFFB3C1F35FB56" box="[672,890,1225,1247]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">6</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7F92FB3C18CEFB56" box="[925,1153,1225,1247]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">5</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7897FB3C19D1FB56" box="[1176,1438,1225,1247]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">6.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F54003A7C9FFB0419D1FA8E" box="[144,1438,1265,1287]" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">
<th id="994374070F54003A7C9FFB041DC3FA8E" box="[144,396,1265,1287]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">· Leaf sheath margins</th>
<td id="994374070F54003A7D90FB041ECAFA8E" box="[415,645,1265,1287]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">intact, entire</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7EAFFB041F35FA8E" box="[672,890,1265,1287]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">intact, entire</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7F92FB0418CEFA8E" box="[925,1153,1265,1287]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">intact, entire</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7897FB0419D1FA8E" box="[1176,1438,1265,1287]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">disintegrating, fibrous</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F54003A7C9FFAED19D1FAFF" box="[144,1438,1304,1398]" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">
<th id="994374070F54003A7C9FFAED1DC3FAFF" box="[144,396,1304,1398]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">· Leaf sheath surface</th>
<td id="994374070F54003A7D90FAED1ECAFAFF" box="[415,645,1304,1398]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">with grayish white indumentum</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7EAFFAED1F35FAFF" box="[672,890,1304,1398]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">with grayish brown indumentum</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7F92FAED18CEFAFF" box="[925,1153,1304,1398]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">with grayish (to purplish) brown indumentum</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7897FAED19D1FAFF" box="[1176,1438,1304,1398]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">with rust- brown lepidote over grayish brown indumentum</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F54003A7C9FFA7219D1FA48" box="[144,1438,1415,1473]" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">
<th id="994374070F54003A7C9FFA721DC3FA48" box="[144,396,1415,1473]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">· Tyipcal middle leaflet costulation</th>
<td id="994374070F54003A7D90FA721ECAFA48" box="[415,645,1415,1473]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">2 (±variable)</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7EAFFA721F35FA48" box="[672,890,1415,1473]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">1</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7F92FA7218CEFA48" box="[925,1153,1415,1473]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">2</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7897FA7219D1FA48" box="[1176,1438,1415,1473]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">1 (±variable)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F54003A7C9FFA2619D1F984" box="[144,1438,1491,1549]" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">
<th id="994374070F54003A7C9FFA261DC3F984" box="[144,396,1491,1549]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">· Leaflet abaxial surface</th>
<td id="994374070F54003A7D90FA261ECAF984" box="[415,645,1491,1549]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">subglabrescent, with distinct microlepidote</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7EAFFA261F35F984" box="[672,890,1491,1549]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">distinctly glaucescent, without microlepidote</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7F92FA2618CEF984" box="[925,1153,1491,1549]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">subglabrescent, without microlepidote</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7897FA2619D1F984" box="[1176,1438,1491,1549]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">subglabrescent, without microlepidote</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F54003A7C9FF9EB19D1F9D1" box="[144,1438,1566,1624]" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">
<th id="994374070F54003A7C9FF9EB1DC3F9D1" box="[144,396,1566,1624]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">· Leaflet colour when dried</th>
<td id="994374070F54003A7D90F9EB1ECAF9D1" box="[415,645,1566,1624]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">brown above, reddish- brown below</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7EAFF9EB1F35F9D1" box="[672,890,1566,1624]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">brown on both sides</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7F92F9EB18CEF9D1" box="[925,1153,1566,1624]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">brown above, purplish- brown below</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7897F9EB19D1F9D1" box="[1176,1438,1566,1624]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">brown above, reddish (to purplish) brown below</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F54003A7C9FF99C19D1F9F6" box="[144,1438,1641,1663]" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">
<th id="994374070F54003A7C9FF99C1DC3F9F6" box="[144,396,1641,1663]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">· Number of rachillae</th>
<td id="994374070F54003A7D90F99C1ECAF9F6" box="[415,645,1641,1663]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">10 to 21</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7EAFF99C1F35F9F6" box="[672,890,1641,1663]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">6–10</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7F92F99C18CEF9F6" box="[925,1153,1641,1663]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">4–5</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7897F99C19D1F9F6" box="[1176,1438,1641,1663]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">14–30</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F54003A7C9FF96419D1F942" box="[144,1438,1681,1739]" gridrow="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">
<th id="994374070F54003A7C9FF9641DC3F942" box="[144,396,1681,1739]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">· Rachillae architecture at fruiting</th>
<td id="994374070F54003A7D90F9641ECAF942" box="[415,645,1681,1739]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">arching-reflexed</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7EAFF9641F35F942" box="[672,890,1681,1739]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">arching-reflexed</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7F92F96418CEF942" box="[925,1153,1681,1739]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">Pendulous</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7897F96419D1F942" box="[1176,1438,1681,1739]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">arching-reflexed</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F54003A7C9FF92919D1F89F" box="[144,1438,1756,1814]" gridrow="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">
<th id="994374070F54003A7C9FF9291DC3F89F" box="[144,396,1756,1814]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">· Flower clusters arrangement</th>
<td id="994374070F54003A7D90F9291ECAF89F" box="[415,645,1756,1814]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">distichous or becoming spiral</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7EAFF9291F35F89F" box="[672,890,1756,1814]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">distichous</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7F92F92918CEF89F" box="[925,1153,1756,1814]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">Distichous</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7897F92919D1F89F" box="[1176,1438,1756,1814]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">distichous or becoming spiral</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F54003A7C9FF8D219D1F8E8" box="[144,1438,1831,1889]" gridrow="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">
<th id="994374070F54003A7C9FF8D21DC3F8E8" box="[144,396,1831,1889]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">· Fruit shape</th>
<td id="994374070F54003A7D90F8D21ECAF8E8" box="[415,645,1831,1889]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">ovoid-ellipsoid to globose to obovoid</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7EAFF8D21F35F8E8" box="[672,890,1831,1889]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">depressed globose</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7F92F8D218CEF8E8" box="[925,1153,1831,1889]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">ovoid-ellipsoid with</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7897F8D219D1F8E8" box="[1176,1438,1831,1889]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">ovoid-ellipsoid with short acute apex</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F54003A7C9FF88619D1F825" box="[144,1438,1907,1964]" gridrow="15" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">
<th id="994374070F54003A7C9FF8861DC3F825" box="[144,396,1907,1964]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">· Fruit apex</th>
<td id="994374070F54003A7D90F8861ECAF825" box="[415,645,1907,1964]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">short conical to areolate apex</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7EAFF8861F35F825" box="[672,890,1907,1964]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">areolate</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7F92F88618CEF825" box="[925,1153,1907,1964]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">narrow-conical apex</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7897F88619D1F825" box="[1176,1438,1907,1964]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">short acute</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DA921D7B0F54003A7C9FF84B19D1F85D" box="[144,1438,1982,2004]" gridrow="16" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">
<th id="994374070F54003A7C9FF84B1DC3F85D" box="[144,396,1982,2004]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">· Fruit dimension (cm)</th>
<td id="994374070F54003A7D90F84B1ECAF85D" box="[415,645,1982,2004]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">up to 1.8 × 1</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7EAFF84B1F35F85D" box="[672,890,1982,2004]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">up to 2 × 1.8</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7F92F84B18CEF85D" box="[925,1153,1982,2004]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">up to 3.2 × 1.5</td>
<td id="994374070F54003A7897F84B19D1F85D" box="[1176,1438,1982,2004]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="10" pageNumber="130">up to 1.4 × 0.8</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="641D1F390F55FFCE7CB2FF6A1ECFFD05" blockId="11.[136,1452,158,761]" pageId="11" pageNumber="131">
We documented several leaflet costulation
<typeStatus id="BB19A19B0F55FFCE7E99FF6A1E9EFF30" box="[662,721,159,185]" pageId="11" pageNumber="131">types</typeStatus>
among different populations found on various forests
<typeStatus id="BB19A19B0F55FFCE7929FF6A192EFF30" box="[1318,1377,159,185]" pageId="11" pageNumber="131">types</typeStatus>
which could be affected by wind flow and the amount of light penetrating though the canopy (
<bibRefCitation id="003362C80F55FFCE786AFF37195BFF55" author="Svenning, J. C." box="[1125,1300,194,220]" pageId="11" pageNumber="131" pagination="1 - 53" refId="ref7842" refString="Svenning, J. C. (2001) On the role of microenvironmental heterogeneity in the ecology and diversification of neotropical rain-forest palms (Arecaceae). Botanical Review 67: 1 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02857848" type="journal article" year="2001">Svenning 2001</bibRefCitation>
). The leaflets of palms thriving over limestone are the most unusual being linear 1-costulate (
<figureCitation id="FC9903BC0F55FFCE7817FF1318D7FE89" box="[1048,1176,230,256]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1889,1911]" captionTargetBox="[185,1403,200,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-26@5.[141,1447,175,1865]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Pinanga samarana Beccari from Samar Island. Leaflet variations: linear 1-costulate (A), subfalcate 2-costulate (B), and 3- costulate (C). Infructescence and rachillae architecture: drooping (D) or reflexed (E). Fruit arrangement along rachillae and fruit forms: the typical distichously-arranged ovoid-ellipsoid (F) or obovoid fruits (G), or distal portions of rachillae turning spiral with short-ovoid (H) or globose (I) fruits. Localities: Barangay Tenani, Paranas, Samar (A,E,G = from Adorador 003), Sitio Arizona, Barangay Cansolabao, Hinabangan, Samar (D,F = Adorador 025, I = Adorador 018 &amp; Rambacod), Barangay San Isidro, Paranas, Samar (H = Adorador 027). Scale bar: A = 30 cm, B = 40 cm, C = 60 cm, D &amp; E = 15 cm, F = 10 cm, G‒I = 2 cm. Photos A‒I (Jiro T. Adorador)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876727/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="131">Figure 4 A</figureCitation>
), while those inhabiting lowland forests typically are subfalcate 2-costulate (
<figureCitation id="FC9903BC0F55FFCE7EDDFEFF1F02FEAD" box="[722,845,266,292]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1889,1911]" captionTargetBox="[185,1403,200,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-26@5.[141,1447,175,1865]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Pinanga samarana Beccari from Samar Island. Leaflet variations: linear 1-costulate (A), subfalcate 2-costulate (B), and 3- costulate (C). Infructescence and rachillae architecture: drooping (D) or reflexed (E). Fruit arrangement along rachillae and fruit forms: the typical distichously-arranged ovoid-ellipsoid (F) or obovoid fruits (G), or distal portions of rachillae turning spiral with short-ovoid (H) or globose (I) fruits. Localities: Barangay Tenani, Paranas, Samar (A,E,G = from Adorador 003), Sitio Arizona, Barangay Cansolabao, Hinabangan, Samar (D,F = Adorador 025, I = Adorador 018 &amp; Rambacod), Barangay San Isidro, Paranas, Samar (H = Adorador 027). Scale bar: A = 30 cm, B = 40 cm, C = 60 cm, D &amp; E = 15 cm, F = 10 cm, G‒I = 2 cm. Photos A‒I (Jiro T. Adorador)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876727/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="131">Figure 4 B</figureCitation>
) and those from forest over ultramafic sites are linear 3-costulate (
<figureCitation id="FC9903BC0F55FFCE7D1CFEDB1DDCFEC1" box="[275,403,302,328]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1889,1911]" captionTargetBox="[185,1403,200,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-26@5.[141,1447,175,1865]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Pinanga samarana Beccari from Samar Island. Leaflet variations: linear 1-costulate (A), subfalcate 2-costulate (B), and 3- costulate (C). Infructescence and rachillae architecture: drooping (D) or reflexed (E). Fruit arrangement along rachillae and fruit forms: the typical distichously-arranged ovoid-ellipsoid (F) or obovoid fruits (G), or distal portions of rachillae turning spiral with short-ovoid (H) or globose (I) fruits. Localities: Barangay Tenani, Paranas, Samar (A,E,G = from Adorador 003), Sitio Arizona, Barangay Cansolabao, Hinabangan, Samar (D,F = Adorador 025, I = Adorador 018 &amp; Rambacod), Barangay San Isidro, Paranas, Samar (H = Adorador 027). Scale bar: A = 30 cm, B = 40 cm, C = 60 cm, D &amp; E = 15 cm, F = 10 cm, G‒I = 2 cm. Photos A‒I (Jiro T. Adorador)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876727/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="131">Figure 4 C</figureCitation>
). The rachillae architecture ranges between drooping to slightly arching (
<figureCitation id="FC9903BC0F55FFCE78DAFEDB191BFEC1" box="[1237,1364,302,328]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1889,1911]" captionTargetBox="[185,1403,200,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-26@5.[141,1447,175,1865]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Pinanga samarana Beccari from Samar Island. Leaflet variations: linear 1-costulate (A), subfalcate 2-costulate (B), and 3- costulate (C). Infructescence and rachillae architecture: drooping (D) or reflexed (E). Fruit arrangement along rachillae and fruit forms: the typical distichously-arranged ovoid-ellipsoid (F) or obovoid fruits (G), or distal portions of rachillae turning spiral with short-ovoid (H) or globose (I) fruits. Localities: Barangay Tenani, Paranas, Samar (A,E,G = from Adorador 003), Sitio Arizona, Barangay Cansolabao, Hinabangan, Samar (D,F = Adorador 025, I = Adorador 018 &amp; Rambacod), Barangay San Isidro, Paranas, Samar (H = Adorador 027). Scale bar: A = 30 cm, B = 40 cm, C = 60 cm, D &amp; E = 15 cm, F = 10 cm, G‒I = 2 cm. Photos A‒I (Jiro T. Adorador)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876727/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="131">Figure 4 D</figureCitation>
) and to spreading and reflexed (
<figureCitation id="FC9903BC0F55FFCE7D9DFEA71E43FEE5" box="[402,524,338,364]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1889,1911]" captionTargetBox="[185,1403,200,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-26@5.[141,1447,175,1865]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Pinanga samarana Beccari from Samar Island. Leaflet variations: linear 1-costulate (A), subfalcate 2-costulate (B), and 3- costulate (C). Infructescence and rachillae architecture: drooping (D) or reflexed (E). Fruit arrangement along rachillae and fruit forms: the typical distichously-arranged ovoid-ellipsoid (F) or obovoid fruits (G), or distal portions of rachillae turning spiral with short-ovoid (H) or globose (I) fruits. Localities: Barangay Tenani, Paranas, Samar (A,E,G = from Adorador 003), Sitio Arizona, Barangay Cansolabao, Hinabangan, Samar (D,F = Adorador 025, I = Adorador 018 &amp; Rambacod), Barangay San Isidro, Paranas, Samar (H = Adorador 027). Scale bar: A = 30 cm, B = 40 cm, C = 60 cm, D &amp; E = 15 cm, F = 10 cm, G‒I = 2 cm. Photos A‒I (Jiro T. Adorador)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876727/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="131">Figure 4 E</figureCitation>
). Meanwhile, fruit arrangement along rachillae could be well-spaced and distichous throughout or the dense-clustered and spiral in distal portions. Fruit shapes vary from ovoid-ellipsoid, obovoid, short ovoid to globose (
<figureCitation id="FC9903BC0F55FFCE7D58FE6F1DA2FE3D" box="[343,493,410,436]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1889,1911]" captionTargetBox="[185,1403,200,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-26@5.[141,1447,175,1865]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Pinanga samarana Beccari from Samar Island. Leaflet variations: linear 1-costulate (A), subfalcate 2-costulate (B), and 3- costulate (C). Infructescence and rachillae architecture: drooping (D) or reflexed (E). Fruit arrangement along rachillae and fruit forms: the typical distichously-arranged ovoid-ellipsoid (F) or obovoid fruits (G), or distal portions of rachillae turning spiral with short-ovoid (H) or globose (I) fruits. Localities: Barangay Tenani, Paranas, Samar (A,E,G = from Adorador 003), Sitio Arizona, Barangay Cansolabao, Hinabangan, Samar (D,F = Adorador 025, I = Adorador 018 &amp; Rambacod), Barangay San Isidro, Paranas, Samar (H = Adorador 027). Scale bar: A = 30 cm, B = 40 cm, C = 60 cm, D &amp; E = 15 cm, F = 10 cm, G‒I = 2 cm. Photos A‒I (Jiro T. Adorador)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13876727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13876727/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="131">Figure 4 F–I</figureCitation>
). As observed
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F55FFCE7E99FE6E1E91FE3D" box="[662,734,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="131">in-situ</emphasis>
, both rachillae morphology and fruit arrangement are possibly shaped by constrained expansion during early development within the prophyll and mechanical displacement of fruits upon maturity due to mutual pressure. The pigment of the fruit also seemed to be affected by light availability and edaphic conditions. Pericarp exhibits more orange colouration before maturity when developing under shade and growing on soils on top of limestone while it is recorded to be just lightly orange when more exposed to light and thriving on ultramafic soils. Likewise, individuals exhibiting combinations of these leaf and fruit characters were also encountered hence its broad circumscription.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="641D1F390F55FFCE7CB2FD6318D1FD71" blockId="11.[136,1452,158,761]" pageId="11" pageNumber="131">
Below is a conspectus of tentative functional groups of Philippine
<taxonomicName id="A3A264BA0F55FFCE7F97FD621FB8FD39" authorityName="Blume" authorityYear="1838" box="[920,1015,663,688]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pinanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="11" pageNumber="131" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F55FFCE7F97FD621FB8FD39" box="[920,1015,663,688]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="131">Pinanga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on analyses of literature (heavily modified from
<bibRefCitation id="003362C80F55FFCE7D3DFD4F1DA9FD5D" author="Beccari, O." box="[306,486,698,724]" pageId="11" pageNumber="131" pagination="295 - 359" refId="ref7416" refString="Beccari, O. (1919 a) The palms of the Philippine Islands. Philippine Journal of Science (Botany) 14: 295 - 359." type="journal article" year="1919">Beccari (1919a)</bibRefCitation>
and herbarium studies. Among the derived groups, only the Maculata group has been treated before (
<bibRefCitation id="003362C80F55FFCE7D3EFD2B1E53FD71" author="Fernando, E. S." box="[305,540,734,760]" pageId="11" pageNumber="131" pagination="165 - 174" refId="ref7614" refString="Fernando, E. S. (1988) The mottled - leaved species of Pinanga in the Philippines. Principes 32 (4): 165 - 174." type="journal article" year="1988">
Fernando
<emphasis id="56D6C32B0F55FFCE7DABFD2A1D93FD71" box="[420,476,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="131">et al.</emphasis>
1988
</bibRefCitation>
) while the others are subject to future taxonomic studies.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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