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data/EB/F0/21/EBF021A305DF137C9F52CD9C7FFB50BE.xml
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e6577" ID-PMC="PMC4759407" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828--6577" ID-PubMed="26929708" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-2828--e6577" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal " ModsDocTitle="Checklist of the subfamily Adoncholaiminae Gerlach and Riemann, 1974 (Nematoda: Oncholaimida: Oncholaimidae) of the world: genera, species, distribution, and reference list for taxonomists and ecologists" checkinTime="1553126373866" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Shimada, Daisuke" docDate="2016" docId="EBF021A305DF137C9F52CD9C7FFB50BE" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 4: e6577" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 4" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e6577" docTitle="Adoncholaimus indicus (von Linstow, 1907) Filipjev 1918" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="6577" masterDocId="FFEA316E631DF8329A21FF9D5248266B" masterDocTitle="Checklist of the subfamily Adoncholaiminae Gerlach and Riemann, 1974 (Nematoda: Oncholaimida: Oncholaimidae) of the world: genera, species, distribution, and reference list for taxonomists and ecologists" masterLastPageNumber="6577" masterPageNumber="6577" pageNumber="6577" updateTime="1668126804115" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Checklist of the subfamily Adoncholaiminae Gerlach and Riemann, 1974 (Nematoda: Oncholaimida: Oncholaimidae) of the world: genera, species, distribution, and reference list for taxonomists and ecologists</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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||||
<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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||||
</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Shimada, Daisuke</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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||||
<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
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||||
<mods:number>4</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
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<mods:start>6577</mods:start>
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<mods:end>6577</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e6577</mods:url>
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||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e6577</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828--6577</mods:identifier>
|
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EBF021A305DF137C9F52CD9C7FFB50BE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EBF021A305DF137C9F52CD9C7FFB50BE" lastPageNumber="6577" pageId="0" pageNumber="6577">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="6577" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="6577">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="(von Linstow, 1907) Filipjev, 1918" authorityName="(von Linstow, 1907) Filipjev" authorityYear="1918" class="Adenophorea" family="Oncholaimidae" genus="Adoncholaimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Adoncholaimus indicus" order="Enoplida" pageId="0" pageNumber="6577" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="indicus">Adoncholaimus indicus (von Linstow, 1907) Filipjev, 1918</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="6577" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="6577">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Adenophorea" family="Oncholaimidae" genus="Adoncholaimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Adoncholaimus indicus" order="Enoplida" pageId="0" pageNumber="6577" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="indicus">Adoncholaimus indicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Synonym:
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Adenophorea" family="Oncholaimidae" genus="Oncholaimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oncholaimus indicus" order="Enoplida" pageId="0" pageNumber="6577" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="indicus">Oncholaimus indicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
von Linstow, 1907
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="6577">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Adenophorea" family="Oncholaimidae" genus="Adoncholaimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Adoncholaimus indicus" order="Enoplida" pageId="0" pageNumber="6577" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="indicus">Adoncholaimus indicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Etymology: adjective, indicus, -a, -um (Latin, "Indian")
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="6577" type="notes">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="6577">Notes</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="6577">Holotype: unknown</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="6577">References: see Table 10</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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data/EB/F0/2A/EBF02A0EAF738298A0537C372F545FE7.xml
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248
data/EB/F0/2A/EBF02A0EAF738298A0537C372F545FE7.xml
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.549.6046" ID-GBIF-Dataset="16faff7e-44fa-4b09-912c-6ba0a50b2bcc" ID-PMC="PMC4727482" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-549-51" ID-PubMed="26843831" ID-ZBK="3E0B62EDE49E46C6A198D7801EB6C1E9" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-549-51" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 549" ModsDocTitle="Mysmenidae, a spider family newly recorded from Tibet (Arachnida, Araneae)" checkinTime="1452181265871" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lin, Yucheng & Li, Shuqiang" docDate="2016" docId="EBF02A0EAF738298A0537C372F545FE7" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 549: 51-69" docOrigin="ZooKeys 549" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.549.6046" docTitle="Mysmena lulanga Lin & Li, 2016, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="D905C599-A81F-44E7-A7C8-7CD21C4F6277" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="58" masterDocId="FFEFEE28AB3CFFF3D24DFFF2FFE3D503" masterDocTitle="Mysmenidae, a spider family newly recorded from Tibet (Arachnida, Araneae)" masterLastPageNumber="69" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="56" updateTime="1668162385466" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Mysmenidae, a spider family newly recorded from Tibet (Arachnida, Araneae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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||||
<mods:namePart>Lin, Yucheng</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
|
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<mods:name type="personal">
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||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Li, Shuqiang</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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||||
</mods:titleInfo>
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||||
<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number>549</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start>51</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end>69</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
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||||
<mods:location>
|
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.549.6046</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.549.6046</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-549-51</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">3E0B62EDE49E46C6A198D7801EB6C1E9</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">3E0B62EDE49E46C6A198D7801EB6C1E9</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127876190" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D905C599-A81F-44E7-A7C8-7CD21C4F6277" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EBF02A0EAF738298A0537C372F545FE7" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="56" type="multiple">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Taxon classification Animalia Araneae Mysmenidae</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="56" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/D905C599-A81F-44E7-A7C8-7CD21C4F6277" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mysmena lulanga" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lulanga">Mysmena lulanga</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="5" pageNumber="56">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
Figs 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="56" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
|
||||
Holotype: male (IZCAS), CHINA: Tibet Autonomous Region, Nyingchi County, the east of Lulang Town (
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="29.699734">29°41.984'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="94.727615">94°43.657'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
; Elevation: 3480 m), 14 July 2013, L.H. Lin leg. Paratypes: 1 male and 7 females (IZCAS), same data as holotype; 1 male and 10 females (IZCAS), Nyingchi County, the east of Lulang Town (
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="29.690817">29°41.449'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="94.72675">94°43.605'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
; Elevation: 3530 m), 14 July 2013, L.H. Lin leg., all types by manual sampling.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="56" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="56">The specific name derives from the type locality. The epithet is a noun in apposition.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="56" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
|
||||
Male distinguished by the cymbial conductor with two distal macrometae (Figs 6
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 7C). Female distinguished from other congeners by the ovate spermatheca and the vulva without membranous copulatory duct or/and fertilization duct (Figs 8B, 9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
). Compared with other Chinese
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mysmena" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mysmena</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species, the new species and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mysmena baoxingensis" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baoxingensis">Mysmena baoxingensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Lin & Li, 2013 have the most similar in configuration of palp and inner form of epigynum (see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Lin, Y" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" pagination="449 - 481" title="Five new minute orb-weaving spiders of the family Mysmenidae from China (Araneae)." url="10.11646/zootaxa.3670.4.3" volume="3670" year="2013 a">Lin and Li 2013a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: figs 14
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 15
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), but male differs from the latter by the shorter, wider embolus (Figs 6
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), the two cymbial distal macrosetae (Figs 6B, 7A, 7C), and female by the near egg-shaped spermatheca (Figs 8B, 9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), the upswept fertilization ducts (Figs 8B, 9B) and the tapering, non-sclerotized scape (Figs 8A, 9A). Distinguished from the Vietnamese species
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mysmena maculosa" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculosa">Mysmena maculosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mysmena tamdaoensis" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tamdaoensis">Mysmena tamdaoensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Lin & Li, 2014) by the lack of cymbial spur and the female abdomen without posterior projection, or by a simple embolus and the epigynum with a long scape. Further distinguished from other
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mysmena" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mysmena</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species in Sulawesi (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Baert, LL" journalOrPublisher="Indo-Malayan Zoology" pageId="8" pageNumber="59" pagination="9 - 22" title="The Ochyroceratidae and Mysmenidae from Sulawesi (Araneae)." volume="5" year="1988">Baert 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), New Guinea (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Baert, LL" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society" pageId="8" pageNumber="59" pagination="303 - 308" title="Spiders (Araneae) from Papua New Guinea III. Mysmenidae (Symphytognathoidea)." volume="5" year="1982">Baert 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Baert, LL" journalOrPublisher="Indo-Malayan Zoology" pageId="8" pageNumber="59" pagination="225 - 244" title="Spiders (Araneae) from Papua New Guinea IV. Ochyroceratidae, Telemidae, Hadrotarsidae and Mysmenidae." volume="2" year="1984">1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Forster, RR" journalOrPublisher="Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand" pageId="8" pageNumber="59" pagination="269 - 329" title="The spiders of the family Symphytognathidae." volume="86" year="1959">Forster 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), Samoa (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Marples, BJ" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" pagination="453 - 504" title="Spiders from western Samoa." url="10.1111/j.1096-3642.1955.tb02217.x" volume="42" year="1955">Marples 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), North America (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Lopardo, L" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" pagination="36 - 44" title="Expanding horizons ... the first report of the genus Mysmena (Araneae, Mysmenidae) from continental North America, with the description of a new species." volume="1718" year="2008">
|
||||
Lopardo and
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||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Dupérré">Duperre</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2008
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and Latin America (e.g.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Baert, LL" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society" pageId="8" pageNumber="59" pagination="102 - 108" title="Spiders of the Galapagos Islands. I. Mysmenidae (Araneae)." volume="6" year="1983">Baert and Maelfait 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Gertsch, WJ" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="8" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 40" title="Descriptions of American spiders of the family Symphytognathidae." volume="1981" year="1960">Gertsch 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Gertsch, WJ" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="8" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 21" title="New spiders from Texas." volume="881" year="1936">Gertsch and Davis 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Levi, HW" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="9" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 13" title="The spider genus Mysmena in the Americas (Araneae, Theridiidae)." volume="1801" year="1956">Levi 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) by the shorter embolus and the lack of membranous copulatory duct (Figs 6
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
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, 9B).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
|
||||
Male (holotype). Somatic characters see Fig. 5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
. Coloration: Prosoma darkish, ocular area black. Sternum black, with a pale longitudinal stripe centrally. Opisthosoma black dorsally, with three pair of white speckles, one large centrally and two small marginally, white pigment stripe at the lateral and posterior, black ventrally. Femora of legs pale yellow, other segments pale proximally, darkish distally.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
|
||||
Figure 5.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mysmena lulanga" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lulanga">Mysmena lulanga</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n., male holotype (
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) and female paratype (
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D–F">D-F</normalizedToken>
|
||||
). A, D Habitus, dorsal B, E Habitus, ventral C, F Habitus, lateral. Scale bars = 0.20 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="57" start="start">Measurement</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
: Total length 0.71. Prosoma 0.33 long, 0.35 wide, 0.31 high. Opisthosoma 0.45 long, 0.43 wide, 0.50 high. Clypeus 0.09 high. Sternum 0.24 long, 0.25 wide. Length of legs: I 1.18 (0.38, 0.16, 0.24, 0.18, 0.22); II 1.04 (0.32, 0.14, 0.22, 0.16, 0.20); III 0.79 (0.23, 0.12, 0.14, 0.13, 0.17); IV 0.94 (0.29, 0.13, 0.18, 0.15, 0.19).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Prosoma: Carapace near round. Cephalic pars elevated, sharply vertical forward and slope backward. Clypeal margin concave. Ocular area at apex. Eight eyes in two rows. AME black, others white. ALE and PLE contiguous. AME smallest, ALE equal to PME in size. ALE=PME>PLE>AME. ARE slightly precurved, PRE slightly recurved. Chelicerae pale, small, shorter than endites (Fig. 5C). Endites with tiny serrula. Labium rectangular, wider than long, fused to sternum. Sternum cordiform, plump.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
|
||||
Legs: formula: I-II-IV-III. Leg I with a prolateral-mesial metatarsal clasping macroseta. Sclerotized femoral spot present at leg I and II. Patellae
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
|
||||
with a dorsal seta distally. Tibiae
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
|
||||
with a dorsal seta proximally. Tibiae I and II with 3 trichobothria, but 4 on tibia III and IV. Metatarsi
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
|
||||
with only one trichobothrium.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Opisthosoma: Globular dorsally. Spinnerets dark, the anteriors larger than the posteriors. Colulus tiny, black. Anal tubercle darkish.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
|
||||
Palp (Figs 6
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
): Femur long, ca. 3 times as long patella. Patella short, with a few setae. Tibia swollen, cup-shaped, covered with long setae on distal margin ventrally and dorsally (Fig. 6
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
|
||||
). Cymbium membranous, wide, arisen from tibial margin prolaterally (Figs 6C, 7D). Cymbial groove distinct, rugose (Figs 6
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 7C). Paracymbium small semiround, undevolped (Fig. 7C). Distal lobe of cymbium auriform (Fig. 7C). Setae on cymbial fold irregular arrange (Figs 6B, 7A, 7C). Cymbial conductor horn-shaped, with two strong cymbial distal marocsetae at apex (Figs 6B, 7A). Conductor (or tegulum) smooth, globular (Figs 6B, 7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
). Spermatic duct visible through subtegulum (Figs 6
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
). Embolus wide, strongly sclerotized. Embolar end sharp (Fig. 7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
|
||||
Figure 6.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mysmena lulanga" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lulanga">Mysmena lulanga</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n., male holotype. A Left palp, ventral B Left palp, dorsal C Left palp, prolateral D Left palp, retrolateral. Abbrs.: C = conductor; Cy = cymbium; CyC = cymbial conductor; CyDs = cymbial distal macroseta; CyFs = setae on cymbial fold; CyG = cymbial groove; E = embolus; PC = paracymbium; SD = spermatic duct; Ti = tibia. Scale bars = 0.10 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
|
||||
Figure 7.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mysmena lulanga" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lulanga">Mysmena lulanga</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n., male holotype. A Left palp, apical B Palpal bulb, ventral-apical C Cymbium and palpal tibia, prolateral.
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
lactic acid-treated. Abbrs.: C = conductor; Cy = cymbium; CyC = cymbial conductor; CyDs = cymbial distal macroseta; CyF = cymbial fold; CyFs = setae on cymbial fold; CyG = cymbial groove; DL = distal lobe of cymbium; E = embolus; PC = paracymbium; SD = spermatic duct; Ti = tibia. Scale bars = 0.05 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" type="female">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Female</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
|
||||
(one of paratypes). Somatic characters see Fig. 5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D–F">D-F</normalizedToken>
|
||||
. Coloration: Same as in male.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Measurement: Total length 0.95. Prosoma 0.38 long, 0.40 wide, 0.35 high. Opisthosoma 0.66 long, 0.60 wide, 0.67 high. Clypeus 0.08 high, slightly lower than in male. Sternum 0.26 long, 0.27 wide. Length of legs: I 1.25 (0.41, 0.17, 0.26, 0.19, 0.22); II 1.10 (0.35, 0.16, 0.22, 0.17, 0.20); III 0.87 (0.26, 0.14, 0.15, 0.14, 0.18); IV 1.04 (0.33, 0.15, 0.21, 0.16, 0.19).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Prosoma: Carapace near pear-shaped. Cephalic pars lower than in male. Eyes pattern, chelicerae, endites and sternum as in male.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Legs: Chaetotaxy and number of trichobothria same as in male, except for leg I without metatarsal clasping macroseta. Sclerotized femoral spot present at leg I and II. Leg formula: I-II-IV-III.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Opisthosoma: Globose dorsally. Spinnerets grey, the anteriors larger than the posteriors. Colulus small, black, tongue-shaped.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
|
||||
Vulva (Figs 8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
): Epigynum large, weakly sclerotized. Epigynal area covered with short setae (Fig. 8A). A long, tapering scape arising from the middle posi
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="58" start="start">tion</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
between spermathecae, not from epigynal posteromargin mesially (Figs 8A, 9A). Spermathecae large, strongly sclerotized, near egg-shaped (Figs 8B, 9B). A translucent, broad anterior genital plate lain beneath spermathecae (Figs 8B, 9B). Copulatory ducts short, derives from ventral-posterior position of spermathecae ventrally, and connected with anterior corner of genital plate (Figs 8B, 9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
). Fertilization ducts short, upswept, connected with dorsal-posterior position of spermathecae (Fig. 8B).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
Figure 8.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mysmena lulanga" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lulanga">Mysmena lulanga</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n., female paratype. A Epigynum, ventral B Cleared vulva (lactic acid-treated, omitted scape), dorsal. Abbrs.: CD = copulatory duct; FD = fertilization duct; S = spermathecae; Sp = scape. Scale bars = 0.05 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
Figure 9.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mysmena lulanga" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lulanga">Mysmena lulanga</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n., female paratype. A Epigynum (lactic acid-treated), ventral B Cleared vulva (lactic acid-treated), dorsal. Abbrs.: CD = copulatory duct; FD = fertilization duct; S = spermathecae; Sp = scape. Scale bars = 0.05 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="58" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="58">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="58">Known only from the type locality (Fig. 10).</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
Figure 10. Records of two new species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Mysmenidae" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" rank="family">Mysmenidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from Tibet, China.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
116
data/EB/F0/AD/EBF0AD2A32E15B943BF68633F29C6577.xml
Normal file
116
data/EB/F0/AD/EBF0AD2A32E15B943BF68633F29C6577.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
|
|||
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.1.e977" ID-PMC="PMC3964716" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828--977" ID-PubMed="24723771" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1314-2828--e977" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal " ModsDocTitle="Faunistic diversity of spiders (Araneae) in Galichitsa mountain (FYR Macedonia)" checkinTime="1553126911408" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Deltshev, Christo, Komnenov, Marjan, Blagoev, Gergin, Georgiev, Teodor, Lazarov, Stoyan, Stojkoska, Emilija & Naumova, Maria" docDate="2013" docId="EBF0AD2A32E15B943BF68633F29C6577" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 1: e977" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 1" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.1.e977" docTitle="Megalepthyphantes collinus L. Koch 1892" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="977" masterDocId="230DFFA78F42A155FFC3FFA3301DFF8B" masterDocTitle="Faunistic diversity of spiders (Araneae) in Galichitsa mountain (FYR Macedonia)" masterLastPageNumber="977" masterPageNumber="977" pageNumber="977" updateTime="1668122337209" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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</mods:titleInfo>
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|
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<mods:namePart>Deltshev, Christo</mods:namePart>
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Komnenov, Marjan</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Blagoev, Gergin</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Georgiev, Teodor</mods:namePart>
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||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
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||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Lazarov, Stoyan</mods:namePart>
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||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Stojkoska, Emilija</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Naumova, Maria</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:part>
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||||
<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
|
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
|
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||||
<mods:start>977</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.1.e977</mods:url>
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||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.1.e977</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828--977</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EBF0AD2A32E15B943BF68633F29C6577" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EBF0AD2A32E15B943BF68633F29C6577" lastPageNumber="977" pageId="0" pageNumber="977">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="977">
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<taxonomicName lsidName="collinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="977" rank="species" species="collinus">collinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Megalepthyphantes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megalepthyphantes" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="977" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Megalepthyphantes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="977" rank="order">Araneae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="977" rank="class">Arachnida</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="977" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="phylum">Arthropoda</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="977" rank="kingdom">Animalia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="977" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="977">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="L. Koch, 1892" authorityName="L. Koch" authorityYear="1892" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Megalepthyphantes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megalepthyphantes collinus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="977" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collinus">Megalepthyphantes collinus (L. Koch, 1892)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="977" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="977">Materials</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="977">Type status: Other material</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="977">
|
||||
Occurrence: recordedBy:
|
||||
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="977">C. Deltshev & E. Stojkoska</collectorName>
|
||||
; sex:
|
||||
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="977">2 females</specimenType>
|
||||
; Location: country:
|
||||
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="977">FYR of Macedonia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
; locality:
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EBF0AD2A32E15B943BF68633F29C6577:70E45AD471184F4DF69FD87E8064F6C4" pageId="0" pageNumber="977">Galichitsa Mt., vill. Stenje, Stenjsko Blato bog</location>
|
||||
; verbatimElevation:
|
||||
<elevation pageId="0" pageNumber="977">850 m</elevation>
|
||||
; Event: eventDate:
|
||||
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="977">
|
||||
<date value="2005-08-30">30-08-2005</date>
|
||||
</collectingDate>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="977" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="977">Distribution</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="977">Palearctic.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="977" type="notes">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="977">Notes</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="977">First record in Galichitsa Mt.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
385
data/EB/F0/BE/EBF0BE101E3659EC58AA9FE95679572C.xml
Normal file
385
data/EB/F0/BE/EBF0BE101E3659EC58AA9FE95679572C.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,385 @@
|
|||
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||||
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||||
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||||
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|
||||
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||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
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||||
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||||
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:part>
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||||
<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number>451</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end>32</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.451.7304</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.451.7304</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-451-1</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">8C336E90DDC6473DBD92FA56B7FF620C</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">8C336E90DDC6473DBD92FA56B7FF620C</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152056146" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D72DE213-2FCC-4B0C-A696-FEED022939D0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EBF0BE101E3659EC58AA9FE95679572C" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="multiple">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Taxon classification Animalia Lumbriculida Lumbriculidae</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/D72DE213-2FCC-4B0C-A696-FEED022939D0" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus pocosinus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pocosinus">Cookidrilus pocosinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="3" pageNumber="4">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
Figs 4and 5
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="holotype">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="5" start="start">Holotype</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
USNM 1251699: a dissected specimen, stained in
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Harris’">Harris'</normalizedToken>
|
||||
hematoxylin and mounted in Canada balsam (collected 4 March 2011).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="paratypes">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Paratypes.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
USNM 1251700-1251702: from the type locality, 22 Feb 2011, 1 dissected; 4 Mar 2011, 1 whole-mounted; Pettiford Creek, at Millis Road, Carteret County, North Carolina, USA, 15 Mar 2007, 1 whole mount. MNCN 16.03/3084: from the type locality, 22 February 2011, 1 dissected, stained in
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Harris’">Harris'</normalizedToken>
|
||||
hematoxylin and mounted in Canada balsam, and 1 histologically sectioned, stained with hematoxylin-eosin. CASIZ 197899: Pettiford Creek, 15 Mar 2007, 1 whole mount.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="type locality">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="6" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
locality.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lake Run, outlet stream draining Little Singletary Lake at SR 1325, in Bladen County, North Carolina, USA.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
The specific name refers to pocosin,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“swamp-on-a-hill”">"swamp-on-a-hill"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in the Algonquin Indian language. Most specimens were collected in two sites draining pocosin areas.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="other material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Other material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">From the type locality, 22 Feb 2011, 4 whole mounts, 1 dissected, 1 sagittally sectioned. Pettiford Creek, at Millis Road, Carteret County, North Carolina, USA, 22 Apr 2008, 1 whole mount; 5 Apr 2010, 2 dissected. Drowning Creek at State Road 1004, Moore County, North Carolina, 12 Jan 2009, 1 whole mount. Anderson Creek at SR 2031, Harnett County, North Carolina, 27 Jun 2011, 1 whole mount. All specimens (including the type series) collected by D.R. Lenat.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
Number of segments 53-71. Diameter of the body 279-342
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in segment VIII and 360-441
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
at the clitellum. Prostomium round, 120-154
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
long. Brain back to intersegment 2/3. Secondary annulation (narrow ring in anterior part of segment) well marked from segment VI to IX, not always visible in the postclitellar region, but evident in the caudal region of the body (Figs 4A, 5B). Epidermis in anterior segments 10-16
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
high. Clitellum from segment X to XII, with epithelium 16-34
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
high, formed by small glandular cells arranged in regular transverse rows (Fig. 5E). Chaetae sigmoid, simple-pointed (Fig. 5C), length about equal in dorsal and ventral bundles, shortest in segment II (56-62
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), progressively longer to the middle of the body (68-82
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
long), and gradually shorter to the end of the body (down to 66
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
). A chaetal gland behind chaetal bundles, conspicuous in anterior segments, smaller posteriorly (Figs 4B, 5D). Nodulus at about 0.3-0.4 from the distal end. Pygidium normally formed (Fig. 5B). Male pores located behind and in line of ventral chaetae of segment X (Fig. 5F). Female pores open in the line of ventral chaetae, in intersegment 11/12. Spermathecal pores opening midway between ventral chaetae and anterior septum, in line with the ventral chaetae, in atrial and 2 postatrial segments. In most sexually mature, fixed individuals, the ventral region of clitellar region is concave with prominent lateral margins (saddle shaped clitellum).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
Figure 4. Drawings of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus pocosinus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pocosinus">Cookidrilus pocosinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. A anterior body region B reproductive organs C detail of the atrium showing the vasa deferentia junction and prostatic cell clusters.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
Figure 5.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus pocosinus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pocosinus">Cookidrilus pocosinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. A Anterior region of the body B caudal region with pygidium C chaetae D chaetal gland behind ventral bundle of chaetae E clitellum F spermathecal and male pores in front of and behind ventral chaetae of segment X G atrium H atrial ampulla showing apical junction of vasa deferentia I atrial ampulla showing junction of prostatic cell clusters J basal junction of vas deferens to atrial ampulla K detail of atrial duct and protruded penis L third spermatheca behind the female segment. A, D, J, K, L histological sections, other photographs from stained whole mounts or dissected specimens.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
Pharynx developed mainly dorsally, in segments II and III. Pharyngeal glands in last part of IV, and well developed in V and VI, dorsally and laterally. Chloragogenous tissue starting in the hind part of VI and well developed from VII backwards. Nephridia present on at least one side in VII in some specimens; most specimens have at least one nephridium in XIII, and in a few posterior segments. Nephridiopores inconspicuous, without vesicles; nephridial duct very thin and transparent. Sperm sac extends forward to VIII, and backward to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="XII–XV">XII-XV</normalizedToken>
|
||||
. Egg sac back to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="XIII–XVII">XIII-XVII</normalizedToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
Two pairs testes, in segments IX and X, and one pair ovaries in segment XI. Two vasa deferentia per atrium (semiprosoporous condition), originating in sperm funnels located in the septa of intersegment 9/10 and 10/11, respectively. Posterior vas deferens not entering segment XI. Vasa deferentia very narrow (8-14
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
diameter), joining the atrium in the ectal (or basal) part of the ampulla, and running through the atrial musculature to the apical part of the atrium, where they open to the atrial lumen (Figs 4B, C, 5H, J). Atrium tubular, with elongated ampulla
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="7" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
86-120
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
long, 26-36
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
diameter) and short duct (34-40
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
long, 24-26
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
diameter). Atrial muscle layer thin, 2-3
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
thick. The columnar inner epithelium of the atrial duct can extend beyond the male pore forming a short, protrusible penis (less than 40
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
long, when protruded) formed by the extension of lining cells of the atrial duct (Figs 4C, 5G, K), extended cells may appear vacuolated. Atrial ampulla with ciliated lumen, and covered by 8-10 well-separated prostate glands formed by clusters of cells, each of which tapers to form a narrow stalk before joining the ampulla (Figs 4C, 5I, J).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
Female funnels large, attached to the septum and opening in intersegment 11/12 (Fig. 4B). Three pairs of spermathecae, the first in the atrial segment (X), and the next in the ovarian (XI) and post ovarian (XII) segments. The spermathecae are formed by a bottle-shaped duct (34-86
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
long, 22-38
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
maximum diameter) and an oval ampulla (54-120
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
maximum diameter and 34-90
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
minimum diameter), filled by loose sperm (Figs 4B, 5L). In several of the examined specimens, the ampullar epithelium appeared very much vacuolized, with some vacuoles containing resorbed sperm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="taxonomic remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Taxonomic remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus pocosinus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pocosinus">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="8" start="start">Cookidrilus</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
pocosinus
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. has been ascribed to the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Cookidrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Rodriguez & Giani, 1987 based on the main diagnostic characters of the genus: 2 pair testes and one pair ovaries, two (anterior and posterior) vasa deferentia joining each atrium, one pair spermathecae in the atrial segment, and subsequent pairs of spermathecae in postatrial segments (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Rodriguez, P" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="45 - 49" title="Sur deux especes de Lumbriculidae (Oligochaetra) cavernicoles: Cookidrilusspeluncaeus n. gen., sp. n. et Trichodrilusdiversisetosus Rodriguez, 1986." volume="123" year="1987">Rodriguez and Giani 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The groundwater lumbriculid genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Cookidrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was originally described from the Labouiche Cave in southern France. Since then, another species has been described from the hyporheos of Lachein Creek, a karstic stream in the same geographic region (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Route, N" journalOrPublisher="Subterranean Biology" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 5" title="On some interesting freshwater Annelida, mainly Oligochaeta, of the underground waters of southern France, with the description of a new species." volume="2" year="2004">Route et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). In the present study, a third species is described from coastal plain habitats of North Carolina (USA), mostly from acidic swamp streams.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
In Table 3, we have summarised the main morphological features that distinguish the three species of the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="9" start="start">Cookidrilus</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The new species is closer to the type species of the genus,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus speluncaeus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="speluncaeus">Cookidrilus speluncaeus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Rodriguez & Giani, 1987, based on the presence of three pairs of spermathecae instead of only two pairs in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus ruffoi" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ruffoi">Cookidrilus ruffoi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Giani et al., 2004 (in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Route, N" journalOrPublisher="Subterranean Biology" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 5" title="On some interesting freshwater Annelida, mainly Oligochaeta, of the underground waters of southern France, with the description of a new species." volume="2" year="2004">Route et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). However, it resembles
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus ruffoi" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ruffoi">Cookidrilus ruffoi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the structure of the prostatic cell layer, which is organised in well-separated clusters that join the atrial ampulla by distinct stalks. The new Nearctic species
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus pocosinus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pocosinus">Cookidrilus pocosinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is distinguished from both European species by the singular position of the spermathecal pores in front of the ventral chaetae, instead of behind the chaetae (the most common position in lumbriculids). The genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Cookidrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, previously amended by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Route, N" journalOrPublisher="Subterranean Biology" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 5" title="On some interesting freshwater Annelida, mainly Oligochaeta, of the underground waters of southern France, with the description of a new species." volume="2" year="2004">Route et al. (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, is now further amended to include some additional diagnostic features.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
Table 3. Morphological characters of the three known species of the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Cookidrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Rodriguez & Giani, 1987.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<table pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Cookidrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus speluncaeus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="speluncaeus">speluncaeus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus ruffoi" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ruffoi">ruffoi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus pocosinus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pocosinus">pocosinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n.
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Body diameter</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Double annulation begins</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Prostomium form and length</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Clitellum</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Pharynx</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Pharyngeal glands</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Chaetae, length</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Posterior body region</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Spermathecae, number and position of pores</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Spermathecal ducts, form and length</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Spermathecal ampulla</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Atrium</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Atrial ampulla, shape and size</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Atrial duct length</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Penis</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Prostate layer</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Atrial muscular layer</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Vas deferens diameter / junction to the atrium</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Posterior vas deferens</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
In the original description of the genus,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Rodriguez, P" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="45 - 49" title="Sur deux especes de Lumbriculidae (Oligochaetra) cavernicoles: Cookidrilusspeluncaeus n. gen., sp. n. et Trichodrilusdiversisetosus Rodriguez, 1986." volume="123" year="1987">Rodriguez and Giani (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
discussed the taxonomic relationships of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="10" start="start">Cookidrilus</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with other lumbriculids (
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Kincaidiana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kincaidiana" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Kincaidiana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Altman, 1936 and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Guestphalinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Guestphalinus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Guestphalinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Michaelsen, 1933) having a pair of spermathecae in the atrial segment.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Kincaidiana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kincaidiana hexatheca" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hexatheca">Kincaidiana hexatheca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Altman, 1936 is endemic to North America where there are also representatives of the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Guestphalinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Guestphalinus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Guestphalinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(S. Fend, unpublished data). However, although the former has a similar arrangement of spermathecae to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus speluncaeus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="speluncaeus">Cookidrilus speluncaeus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, a combination of characters clearly distinguishes it from
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Cookidrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: a proboscis, a forward shift of reproductive organs, a single pair of testes, and one prosoporous vas deferens per atrium (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fend, SV" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 30" title="An evaluation of the genus Kincaidiana Altman, 1936, with the designation of Altmanella n. gen. (Annelida, Clitellata, Lumbriculidae)." volume="2077" year="2009">Fend 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). In addition, morphology of the atria, spermathecae, and chaetae does not resemble that of the known
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Cookidrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Guestphalinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Guestphalinus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Guestphalinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is semiprosoporous, but has only one pair of spermathecae, and like
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Kincaidiana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kincaidiana" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Kincaidiana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, has a proboscis.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Guestphalinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Guestphalinus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Guestphalinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
also has a forward shift in reproductive organs relative to the position in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Cookidrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
The presence of penis may be a common generic character in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Cookidrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, since it is only absent in the type species,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus speluncaeus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="speluncaeus">Cookidrilus speluncaeus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. On the other hand,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus ruffoi" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ruffoi">Cookidrilus ruffoi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs in the number of spermathecae. The analysis of lumbriculid genera performed by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Brinkhurst, RO" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Zoology" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="2731 - 2739" title="A phylogenetic analysis of the Lumbriculidae." url="10.1139/z89-387" volume="67" year="1989">Brinkhurst (1989)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
stated that characters related to number and placement of the spermathecae (characters 7 and 9 in that analysis) were subject to changes/reversals in the resulting phylogenetic tree, and such variations are probably not highly significant. Thus, variation in number of spermathecal segments within
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Cookidrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(3 in two species, versus 2 in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus ruffoi" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ruffoi">Cookidrilus ruffoi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) is not extraordinary, as similar variation occurs in other lumbriculid genera such as
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Trichodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichodrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Trichodrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhynchelmis" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Rhynchelmis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hoffmeister, 1843 (see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cook, DG" editor="Brinkhurst, RO" journalOrPublisher="Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="200 - 285" title="Aquatic Oligochaeta of the World" year="1971">Cook 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
The position of spermathecal pores in front of the ventral chaetae is an unusual feature of the new
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Cookidrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species. Spermathecal pores in lumbriculids are usually placed behind the chaetae of the corresponding segment, and in the other 2 species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Cookidrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, even the first spermatheca opens in the narrow space between the ventral chaetae and the male pores. This character is shared with several Nearctic lumbriculids:
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Kincaidiana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kincaidiana hexatheca" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hexatheca">Kincaidiana hexatheca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(for the first pair of spermathecae), some
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhynchelmis" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Rhynchelmis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species (in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fend, SV" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 59" title="New species of Rhynchelmis (Clitellata, Lumbriculidae), with observations on the Nearctic species." url="10.1023/A:1003919312142" volume="428" year="2000">Fend and Brinkhurst 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Eclipidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eclipidrilus pacificus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pacificus">Eclipidrilus pacificus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fend, 2005.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="ecological remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Ecological remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus pocosinus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pocosinus">Cookidrilus pocosinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. appears to have a life cycle adapted to seasonal drying of surface flow. This is the first record of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Cookidrilus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in North America, and it is also the first report of the genus in a non-subterranean habitat. This species has been found so far in four North Carolina streams, but almost all specimens were from Lake Run and Pettiford Creek. These streams are both located in the southern Coastal Plain, in relatively undisturbed watersheds, and drain pocosin areas with peat soils. Both streams have extremely low pH values (often less than 4.0), very low conductivity, and dry up completely during summer droughts. In Lake Run, most specimens were found in shaded sections, in midstream areas with both good flow and a fine sand substrate. In Pettiford Creek, the substrate consisted of fine sand covered by a layer of organic debris. These data indicate that
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus pocosinus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pocosinus">Cookidrilus pocosinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is usually associated with very low pH, although single specimens were collected from a seasonally inundated side channel of Drowning Creek, and from the main channel of Anderson Creek. Both of those streams have average pH values near 5.5.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="diagnosis of the genus">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Diagnosis of the genus</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
(amended by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Route, N" journalOrPublisher="Subterranean Biology" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 5" title="On some interesting freshwater Annelida, mainly Oligochaeta, of the underground waters of southern France, with the description of a new species." volume="2" year="2004">Route et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, and modified here with additions in italics): Type species.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Cookidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cookidrilus speluncaeus" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="speluncaeus">Cookidrilus speluncaeus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Rodriguez & Giani, 1987.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Chaetae sigmoid, simple-pointed. One pair male pores in segment X (the second testis-bearing segment), behind and in line with the ventral chaetae. Two or three pairs spermathecae; first pair in the atrial segment, anterior to male pores, and one pair in the first, or in the first and second postatrial segments. Two pair testes, in IX and X. One pair atria in the second testicular segment. Semiprosoporous male duct, two vasa deferentia per atrium. Prostatic cells either in a simple diffuse layer or forming discrete clusters. One pair ovaries located in the first postatrial segment (XI).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
170
data/EB/F0/E1/EBF0E1280C9AEA524BAC12BF87DFCC65.xml
Normal file
170
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|
|
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|
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|
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<taxonomicName id="477D37E889F4E4D1FE2676011EA2455C" ID-CoL="S8C9" authority="(Mill.) DC." authorityName="DC." baseAuthorityName="Mill." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" genus="Centranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" pageNumber="1046" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustifolius">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A93003B1F5A5AEFB8DE9504B955A728A" italics="true" pageNumber="1046">Centranthus angustifolius</emphasis>
|
||||
(Mill.) DC.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
<subSubSection id="9292EF0BCDEC93506889084AE40D8066" pageNumber="1046" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3E1F28467FD70B9B7CFE867C7288C735" pageNumber="1046">
|
||||
Artbeschreibung:
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="BA8179C005C36662D97BAECEE3E4AA62" originalValue="Ähnlich" pageNumber="1046">Aehnlich</normalizedToken>
|
||||
wie
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AEFD463297ECA06D0139270F7D134A05" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" genus="Centranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" pageNumber="1046" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ruber">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EE1D7D389610C676B845CBD986718E8A" italics="true" pageNumber="1046">C. ruber</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, aber
|
||||
<emphasis id="8862D61F36168174E993F72132B6E88B" bold="true" pageNumber="1046">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E8CD1394426E51F90BA142203FEA83B4" originalValue="Blätter" pageNumber="1046">Blaetter</normalizedToken>
|
||||
lineal bis lineal-lanzettlich, kaum
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="997E18533D7FAD0AA60621D6E08332BA" originalValue="über" pageNumber="1046">ueber</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<quantity id="4547A8A8131D10E030E7404953F15BEC" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageNumber="1046" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
breit
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="829F2F1F08979941D4CC1566E9B7ACE4" originalValue="Blüten" pageNumber="1046">Blueten</normalizedToken>
|
||||
rosa,
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="19EC80B003387734ADEA3D751C27CE2B" originalValue="Früchte" pageNumber="1046">Fruechte</normalizedToken>
|
||||
ca.
|
||||
<quantity id="3175EDB177BB9A9BCD686146C254AE6B" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageNumber="1046" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, Pappusborsten
|
||||
<quantity id="9F39AFC66E0EBB11C8194AD1B98854DB" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageNumber="1046" unit="mm" value="9.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="8.0">8-10 mm</quantity>
|
||||
lang.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2E44AAE4F38E9DA61DB61C27CCAF8A6E" pageNumber="1046" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6A419F99D8F131FF4ECCE90288118978" pageNumber="1046">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="98637D970751FB836B3552650FA3E21B" originalValue="Blütezeit" pageNumber="1046">Bluetezeit</normalizedToken>
|
||||
: 6-8
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F8E564621B9C558992A2F2F4100B5E7B" pageNumber="1046">
|
||||
Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz: Felsschutt,
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="78B2FD8B3CCF66E826AE5360627B03E7" originalValue="Kalkgeröll" pageNumber="1046">Kalkgeroell</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, in sonniger Lage / kollin-montan(-subalpin) / J (NE, JU, BE, SO). (Reculet)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C5B4FDAB274863095D4782CD1857FAED" pageNumber="1046" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0B3D6001DDC222178D702A436A130A74" pageNumber="1046">Verbreitung global: Westmediterran</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6F1F19C9E26FC6149FBB1E24A9C491A3" pageNumber="1046" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="BCBFB4F89BD3709523C98D0A3D715287" pageNumber="1046">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="AB7CD522A0F3AA31201BEA9A61CEE9A4" originalValue="Ökologische">Oekologische</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Zeigerwerte nach
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EDBC9254F235B3165AFF1BE065C0B10A" author="Landolt, E. & Bäumler, B. & Erhardt, A. & Hegg, O. & Klötzli, F. & Lämmler, W. & Nobis, M. & Rudmann-Maurer, K. & Theurillat, J.P. & Urmi, E. & Vust, M. & Wohlgemuth, T." pageNumber="1046" publicationUrl="https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" refString="Landolt, E., Bäumler, B., Erhardt, A., Hegg, O., Klötzli, F., Lämmler, W., Nobis, M., Rudmann-Maurer, K., Theurillat, J.P., Urmi, E., Vust, M., Wohlgemuth, T. 2010. Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen (2nd ed.). https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" title="Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen" year="2010">Landolt & al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C1AFB6B7921E57A3EEF0A11594787FAB" pageNumber="1046">
|
||||
<table id="154E0E933B7708DC61BFACBD98DF8620" class="table" inLine="true" pageNumber="1046">
|
||||
<tr id="4D8E40373A5343EC8FA89BDBF2197BCD" pageNumber="1046">
|
||||
<th id="D9491C785823C42855723A0DFA62D3E1" colspan="2" pageNumber="1046">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7DB129C805B1E379BA88EB24939B9D07" bold="true" pageNumber="1046">Bodenfaktoren</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="0D724A6B4E5B8A18B38EA7977E36D8B3" colspan="2" pageNumber="1046">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8EEE62B7DEDA648E46469B45E5672B9F" bold="true" pageNumber="1046">Klimafaktoren</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="2AD0B005B4B01A3041C03FC3BF25D28C" colspan="2" pageNumber="1046">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2CC6929CB9376BA2F34375A6CDAB48B6" bold="true" pageNumber="1046">Salztoleranz</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="E753FA321C5416BD8D65E4991C00A285" pageNumber="1046">
|
||||
<td id="BED236F007F2D9A05E396039A8719F51" pageNumber="1046">Feuchtezahl F</td>
|
||||
<td id="3B218B1872E0B2CD00810DF2B1113D46" pageNumber="1046" style="text-align:left;width:100px">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="CD34F5F303B331E9F43EFF6C2B11975D" originalValue="mässig">maessig</normalizedToken>
|
||||
trocken
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td id="C2967BA16EA688866B458E74BF952ABF" pageNumber="1046">Lichtzahl L</td>
|
||||
<td id="8C348886496FB5EB22477B66232BC8A7" pageNumber="1046" style="text-align:left;width:60px">hell</td>
|
||||
<td id="6A37A78C42269876D12B2071002191B5" pageNumber="1046">Salzzeichen</td>
|
||||
<td id="497496BD5A4F1CD74A5674D97E82A292" pageNumber="1046" style="text-align:left;width:60px">--</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="A52EDDDE0656765939CD0128E9EFCF3A" pageNumber="1046">
|
||||
<td id="BA4420A11A42A046DBA88AADC6612A2F" pageNumber="1046">Reaktionszahl R</td>
|
||||
<td id="F7F03556561804FEACD414D5F6A4224C" pageNumber="1046" style="text-align:left">basisch (pH 6.5->8.5)</td>
|
||||
<td id="077B4E526257AAA95C39069812A7644D" pageNumber="1046">Temperaturzahl T</td>
|
||||
<td id="C785666BE25291C3398E0883F4FF7D55" pageNumber="1046" style="text-align:left">warm-kollin</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C2E00B207F5A85EEFE5C7E1F5829D415" pageNumber="1046">
|
||||
<td id="FE15915B74FD7DB9150353B5157DEE56" pageNumber="1046">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="09A8C6AAFAA096FE3A7F9046E5AF3B38" originalValue="Nährstoffzahl">Naehrstoffzahl</normalizedToken>
|
||||
N
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td id="7209BBEC33CBCA5370C837B238D620FF" pageNumber="1046" style="text-align:left">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="36F29B0DA2B7455AC7016BB9E403E3FF" originalValue="nährstoffarm">naehrstoffarm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td id="2D69DD172556C457A1373D35A551B8E6" pageNumber="1046">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C75AE04D511A1BF772C5872B71A3F3A9" originalValue="Kontinentalitätszahl">Kontinentalitaetszahl</normalizedToken>
|
||||
K
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td id="E1BD86E6797B572E0A5C537278C06307" pageNumber="1046" style="text-align:left">subkontinental (niedrige relative Luftfeuchtigkeit, grosse Temperaturschwankungen, eher kalte Winter)</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9463F0142A16C8A712A9F40CB4AA1AE5" pageNumber="1046" type="vernacular_names">
|
||||
<paragraph id="46BF4DB60FAE5EC8A68DE891F4EA2E2F" pageNumber="1046">
|
||||
Volksname Deutscher Name:
|
||||
<vernacularName id="AC668408F6C71200A8FE0D992556F4FE" language="deu" pageNumber="1046">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="BC51345C4EB47D86D6ABCEF69370E45B" originalValue="Schmalblättrige">Schmalblaettrige</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Spornblume
|
||||
</vernacularName>
|
||||
Nom
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="68C903F9CE87B91FE71809021CE894F2" originalValue="français">francais</normalizedToken>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<vernacularName id="7114BAFF22D94E30C793886138F5B639" language="fra" pageNumber="1046">
|
||||
Centranthe
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="CD451A8D482B100B373E852621D37F33" originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
|
||||
feuilles
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7B521149551F89C4C259BCCAD4A7A9D3" originalValue="étroites">etroites</normalizedToken>
|
||||
</vernacularName>
|
||||
Nome italiano:
|
||||
<vernacularName id="23B0957F9129E13CAFE4F9C9DEB4CFEC" language="ita" pageNumber="1046">Camarezza a foglie sottili</vernacularName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
Loading…
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