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<document id="8B5CBD053C33E9EDD6AC1225E2E0F732" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8050" ID-PMC="PMC4867696" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828--8050" ID-PubMed="27226757" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-2828--e8050" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal " ModsDocTitle="Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - aculeates (Apoidea, Chrysidoidea and Vespoidea)" checkinTime="1553126282879" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Else, George R., Bolton, Barry &amp; Broad, Gavin R." docDate="2016" docId="EBE98447FBABFE849BABF8599A826F79" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 4: e8050" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 4" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8050" docTitle="Nysson Latreille 1796" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="8050" masterDocId="FFFC6042FFF44370CD3F992EFFC4FFB9" masterDocTitle="Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - aculeates (Apoidea, Chrysidoidea and Vespoidea)" masterLastPageNumber="8050" masterPageNumber="8050" pageNumber="8050" updateTime="1668123690731" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="D7467E90FF99900FBCCD7CECD6988040">Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - aculeates (Apoidea, Chrysidoidea and Vespoidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="239A058554F408113588426D5CC21D36">Else, George R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D5101554C8E3439802983BFC90297F36">Broad, Gavin R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="361D6B812FA62C3E407C9A4A4706369E">Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="B5FF56A383DF3FE91C5A3365510C1685" ID-CoL="6663" ID-ENA="421220" authority="Latreille, 1796" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1796" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Nysson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nysson" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8050" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nysson Latreille, 1796</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="899A8F75F22E89334AB9D40770B19498" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Synnevrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="SYNNEVRUS" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8050" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">SYNNEVRUS</taxonomicName>
Costa, 1859
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.905.39592" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ee5a0817-7cfc-4c21-ba7d-3beabb06cccd" ID-PMC="PMC7004242" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-905-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="4C7E0CB428DF56BDB15B7AC8D6707961" ID-PubMed="32063726" ID-ZooBank="F4C766E4633A41039FFDE952718F41FB" ModsDocID="1313-2970-905-1" checkinTime="1579539902851" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Salata, Sebastian &amp; Fisher, Brian L." docDate="2020" docId="EBE9B4F22626BF780709489D2BAC2F9C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 905: 1-235" docOrigin="ZooKeys 905" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.905.39592" docTitle="Pheidole praegrandis Salata &amp; Fisher 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="F27040F5-CB05-40AD-B4E5-A7532D3FCAF1" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="4C7E0CB428DF56BDB15B7AC8D6707961" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="4C7E0CB428DF56BDB15B7AC8D6707961" masterDocTitle="Pheidole Westwood, 1839 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Madagascar - an introduction and a taxonomic revision of eleven species groups" masterLastPageNumber="235" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668168337901" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Pheidole Westwood, 1839 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Madagascar - an introduction and a taxonomic revision of eleven species groups</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Salata, Sebastian</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Fisher, Brian L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="161777039" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F27040F5-CB05-40AD-B4E5-A7532D3FCAF1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EBE9B4F22626BF780709489D2BAC2F9C" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/F27040F5-CB05-40AD-B4E5-A7532D3FCAF1" authority="Salata &amp; Fisher, 2020" authorityName="Salata &amp; Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole praegrandis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praegrandis" status="sp. nov.">Pheidole praegrandis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Pheidole praegrandis sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0494945) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0494942)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373072" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 25A-F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 85" captionStartId="F85" captionText="Figure 85. Hypostomal teeth. Pheidole madinika sp. nov. (A). P. mahaboensis sp. nov. (B). P. maizina sp. nov. (C). P. makaensis sp. nov. (D). P. makirovana sp. nov. (E). P. manantenensis sp. nov. (F). P. mantadia sp. nov. (G). P. marieannae sp. nov. (H). P. masoala sp. nov. (I). P. mavesatra sp. nov. (J). P. miramila sp. nov. (K). P. moramanaensis sp. nov. (L). P. navoatrensis sp. nov. (M). P. nemoralis Forel (N). P. ocypodea sp. nov. (O). P. parviocula sp. nov. (P). P. petax Forel (Q). P. podargea sp. nov. (R). P. praegrandis sp. nov. (S). P. ranohirensis sp. nov. (T). P. rugocephala sp. nov. (U). P. rugofitarata sp. nov. (V). P. scabrata Forel (W). P. typhlos sp. nov. (X). P. vatovavensis sp. nov. (Y). P. voasara sp. nov. (Z). P. vohemarensis sp. nov. (AA). P. zavamanira sp. nov. (AB)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure85" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373132" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 85S</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 88" captionStartId="F88" captionText="Figure 88. Distribution. Pheidole petax Forel (A). P. podargea sp. nov. (B). P. praegrandis sp. nov. (C). P. ranohirensis sp. nov. (D). P. rugocephala sp. nov. (E). P. rugofitarata sp. nov. (F). P. scabrata Forel (G). P. typhlos sp. nov. (H). P. vatovavensis sp. nov. (I). P. voasara sp. nov. (J). P. vohemarensis sp. nov. (K). P. zavamanira sp. nov. (L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure88" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373135" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 88C</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Madagascar. •1 major worker; Antsiranana; Parc National de Marojejy, Manantenina River, 27.6 km 35°NE Andapa, 9.6 km 327°NNW Manantenina; -14.435, 49.76; alt. 775 m; 15 Nov 2003; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; BLF08889, CASENT0494942, top specimen on the pin (CASC).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Madagascar. •9w., 2s.; same data as for holotype; CASENT0494952, CASENT0872086, CASENT0494943-CASENT0494945, CASENT0872223-CASENT0872229 (CASC).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Madagascar. -
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Antsiranana</emphasis>
: •1w., 1s.; Makirovana Forest;
<geoCoordinate degrees="14.16044" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-14.16044">-14.16044</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="49.95216" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.95216">49.95216</geoCoordinate>
; alt. 550 m; 1 May 2011; B.L. Fisher et al. leg. CASENT0212471 (CASC). •7w.; Makirovana Forest;
<geoCoordinate degrees="14.17066" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-14.17066">-14.17066</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="49.95409" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.95409">49.95409</geoCoordinate>
; alt. 415 m; 29 Apr 2011; B.L. Fisher et al. leg. CASENT0212806, CASENT0231274, CASENT0236088, CASENT0236098 (CASC). •6w., 2s., 1q.; Makirovana Forest;
<geoCoordinate degrees="14.16506" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-14.16506">-14.16506</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="49.9477" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="49.9477">49.9477</geoCoordinate>
; alt. 900 m; 30 Apr 2011; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0231001, CASENT0231002, CASENT0231012, CASENT0231014, CASENT0231043 (CASC). •4w., 2s., 2q.; Makirovana Forest; -14.16666, 49.95, alt. 715 m; 2 May 2011; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0231097, CASENT0231098, CASENT0231113, CASENT0231167 (CASC). •2w., 2s.; Masoala National Park;
<geoCoordinate degrees="15.33058" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-15.33058">-15.33058</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="50.30279" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="50.30279">50.30279</geoCoordinate>
, alt. 250 m; 13 Mar 2014; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0374505, CASENT0377081 (CASC). •21w., 11s., 1q.; Parc National de Marojejy, Manantenina River, 27.6 km 35°NE Andapa, 9.6 km 327°NNW Manantenina; -14.435, 49.76; alt. 775 m; 15 Nov 2003; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0045333, CASENT0045341, CASENT0045357, CASENT0045368, CASENT0045372, CASENT0048887, CASENT0048895, CASENT0235122, CASENT0487704, CASENT0487706, CASENT0487825, CASENT0487903, CASENT0494780, CASENT0494781, CASENT0077076, CASENT0077079, CASENT0077119, CASENT0077122 (CASC). -
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fianarantsoa</emphasis>
: •4w.;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Ambalagoavy">d'Ambalagoavy</normalizedToken>
Nord, Ikongo, Ambatombe;
<geoCoordinate degrees="21.857068" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-21.857067">-21.857068</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="47.37849" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.37849">47.37849</geoCoordinate>
; alt. 625 m; 1 Dec 2000;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Harin’Hala">Harin'Hala</normalizedToken>
&amp; Irwin leg.; CASENT0009561, CASENT0009562, CASENT0009566, CASENT0009571 (CASC). -
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Toamasina</emphasis>
: •10w., 8s., 3q.; Montagne
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Anjanaharibe">d'Anjanaharibe</normalizedToken>
, 18.0 km 21°NNE Ambinanitelo;
<geoCoordinate degrees="15.18833" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-15.18833">-15.18833</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="49.615" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="49.615">49.615</geoCoordinate>
; alt. 470 m; 8 Mar 2003; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0495134, CASENT0495141, CASENT0495145, CASENT0495193, CASENT0495220, CASENT0495221, CASENT0495222, CASENT0495393, CASENT0495395, CASENT0495396 (CASC). •4w., 3s.; Reserve Betampona, Camp Vohitsivalana, 37.1 km 338° Toamasina;
<geoCoordinate degrees="17.88667" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-17.88667">-17.88667</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="49.2025" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="49.2025">49.2025</geoCoordinate>
; alt. 520 m; 2 Dec 2005; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0067653, CASENT0067655, CASENT0067915, CASENT0069180 (CASC).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Major workers</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Large species: HL: 2.94-3.2 (3.0), HW: 2.68-3.1 (2.8), WL: 2.01-2.24 (2.11); propodeal spines very long (PSL: 0.81-0.96 (0.89)); head in full-face view trapezoid, widened posteriorly; sides of the head without pilosity; frons with fine, dense, longitudinal rugae reaching at most midlength of head; first gastral tergite shagreened, at least on its basal half; body dark brown to black.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Minor workers</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Large species: HL: 1.15-1.29 (1.2), HW: 1.04-1.14 (1.1), WL: 1.86-2.01 (1.92); propodeal spines very long (PSL: 0.91-1.0 (0.97)); scape, when laid back, surpassing posterior head margin by more than half its length; mesosoma finely rugoreticulate; promesonotal groove absent or very indistinct; metanotal groove shallow and wide.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Major workers.</emphasis>
Measurements (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
= 10): HL: 2.94-3.2 (3.0); HW: 2.68-3.1 (2.8); SL: 1.36-1.45 (1.39); EL: 0.24-0.3 (0.27); WL: 2.01-2.24 (2.11); PSL: 0.81-0.96 (0.89); MTL: 1.53-1.7 (1.6); PNW: 0.84-1.0 (0.92); PTW: 0.28-0.32 (0.3); PPW: 0.76-0.9 (0.82); CI: 90.1-96.6 (93.4); SI: 47.4-51.0 (49.3); PSLI: 27.4-31.7 (29.5); PPI: 33.1-38.4 (36.5); PNI: 30.1-35.9 (32.6); MTI: 54.9-59.9 (56.5).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
In full-face view trapezoid, widened posteriorly (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Pheidole praegrandis sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0494945) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0494942)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373072" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25B</figureCitation>
). In lateral view sub-oval; ventral and dorsal faces convex; inner hypostomal teeth visible. Sides of the head without pilosity; frons and vertex with few, long, erect setae. Antennal scrobes absent. Occipital lobes shiny and smooth or partially shagreened; genae smooth and shiny, sometimes partially shagreened; centre of frons shiny with fine, dense, longitudinal rugae reaching at most midlength of head; malar area shagreened with several short, longitudinal rugae; lateral sides of head and posterior part of frons shagreened; head sculpture weakens posteriorly. Centre of clypeus smooth and shiny, lateral sides with longitudinal rugae; median notch present, shallow and wide; median longitudinal carina absent; lateral longitudinal carinae absent. Scape, when laid back, reaching midlength of head; pilosity suberect to erect (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Pheidole praegrandis sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0494945) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0494942)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373072" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25B, D</figureCitation>
). Inner hypostomal teeth distinct, triangular and thick, with rounded apex, closely spaced; outer hypostomal teeth distinct, slightly smaller and thinner than inner hypostomal teeth, lobe-like (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 85" captionStartId="F85" captionText="Figure 85. Hypostomal teeth. Pheidole madinika sp. nov. (A). P. mahaboensis sp. nov. (B). P. maizina sp. nov. (C). P. makaensis sp. nov. (D). P. makirovana sp. nov. (E). P. manantenensis sp. nov. (F). P. mantadia sp. nov. (G). P. marieannae sp. nov. (H). P. masoala sp. nov. (I). P. mavesatra sp. nov. (J). P. miramila sp. nov. (K). P. moramanaensis sp. nov. (L). P. navoatrensis sp. nov. (M). P. nemoralis Forel (N). P. ocypodea sp. nov. (O). P. parviocula sp. nov. (P). P. petax Forel (Q). P. podargea sp. nov. (R). P. praegrandis sp. nov. (S). P. ranohirensis sp. nov. (T). P. rugocephala sp. nov. (U). P. rugofitarata sp. nov. (V). P. scabrata Forel (W). P. typhlos sp. nov. (X). P. vatovavensis sp. nov. (Y). P. voasara sp. nov. (Z). P. vohemarensis sp. nov. (AA). P. zavamanira sp. nov. (AB)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure85" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373132" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">85S</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mesosoma</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
In lateral view, promesonotum low, short, and relatively flat; dorsal pronotum slightly convex; dorsal mesonotum slightly concave; posterior mesonotum relatively convex; promesonotal groove absent; metanotal groove absent; propodeal spines very long, massive basally, with acute apex; humeral area laterally weakly or not produced (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Pheidole praegrandis sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0494945) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0494942)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373072" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25D</figureCitation>
). Surface shiny, rugoreticulate, propodeal dorsum with weaker sculpture. Pilosity very sparse, short, and decumbent; dorsum with few additional, long, erect setae (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Pheidole praegrandis sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0494945) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0494942)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373072" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25D, F</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Petiole</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Weakly shagreened; peduncle relatively long and thin; node triangular with rounded apex, in rear view node dorsoventrally depressed; pilosity sparse, short, and erect (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Pheidole praegrandis sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0494945) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0494942)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373072" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25D, F</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Postpetiole</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Weakly shagreened; in dorsal view sides with acute, moderately wide, short, and triangular projections; pilosity short to long, sparse and erect (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Pheidole praegrandis sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0494945) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0494942)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373072" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25D, F</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gaster</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
First gastral tergite shagreened, at least on its basal half; pilosity sparse, long, and erect (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Pheidole praegrandis sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0494945) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0494942)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373072" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25D, F</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colour</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Unicolourous, dark brown to black (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Pheidole praegrandis sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0494945) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0494942)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373072" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25D, F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373072" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 25" startId="F25">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 25.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Salata &amp; Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole praegrandis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praegrandis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pheidole praegrandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., full-face view (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
), profile (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
), and dorsal view (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
) of paratype minor worker (CASENT0494945) and full-face view (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
), profile (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
), and dorsal view (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
) of holotype major worker (CASENT0494942).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Minor workers.</emphasis>
Measurements (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
= 10): HL: 1.15-1.29 (1.2); HW: 1.04-1.14 (1.1); SL: 1.52-1.69 (1.62); EL: 0.17-0.2 (0.19); WL: 1.86-2.01 (1.92); PSL: 0.91-1.0 (0.97); MTL: 1.42-1.54 (1.49); PNW: 0.75-0.81 (0.77); PTW: 0.15-0.2 (0.17); PPW: 0.27-0.35 (0.32); CI: 87.5-92.7 (89.7); SI: 140.8-156.6 (147.6); PSLI: 75.8-84.0 (78.5); PPI: 45.6-60.8 (53.1); PNI: 67.6-72.1 (70.1); MTI: 126.2-143.4 (134.8).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Occipital margin convex; occipital carina narrow, weakly developed (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Pheidole praegrandis sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0494945) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0494942)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373072" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25A</figureCitation>
). Pilosity sparse, short, and appressed on the whole surface and additionally long and erect on frons and median part of occiput. Sculpture variable, shiny, smooth to finely rugulose on vertex, centre, and posterior part of frons and genae; lateral sides of head finely rugulose; antennal sockets with sparse carinae curved outward. Clypeus with median longitudinal carina absent; two lateral longitudinal carinae present. Scape, when laid back, surpassing posterior head margin by more than half of its length; pilosity suberect to erect (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Pheidole praegrandis sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0494945) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0494942)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373072" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25A, C</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mesosoma</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
In lateral view, promesonotum low, long, and slightly convex; promesonotal groove absent or very indistinct; metanotal groove shallow and wide; propodeal spines very long, massive basally, with acute apex (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Pheidole praegrandis sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0494945) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0494942)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373072" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25C</figureCitation>
). Surface finely rugoreticulate. Pilosity short, very sparse, suberect (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Pheidole praegrandis sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0494945) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0494942)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373072" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25C, E</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Petiole</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Peduncle long and thin; node triangular with rounded apex; pilosity absent (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Pheidole praegrandis sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0494945) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0494942)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373072" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25C, E</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Postpetiole</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Moderately short, low, and slightly convex; with two long, erect setae at the anterior edge (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Pheidole praegrandis sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0494945) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0494942)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373072" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25C, E</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gaster</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
With few long, erect setae (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Pheidole praegrandis sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0494945) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0494942)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373072" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25C, E</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colour</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Unicolourous, dark brown to black (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Pheidole praegrandis sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0494945) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0494942)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373072" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25C, E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Latin for huge, in reference to large body size and very long propodeal spines.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The species was collected between 250-900 m in elevation, in rainforest and montane rainforest. Nests were located in rotten logs and tree stumps.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
This species is most similar to
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. longispinosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="longispinosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. longispinosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. mahaboensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mahaboensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. mahaboensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Major workers</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Salata &amp; Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole praegrandis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praegrandis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pheidole praegrandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. longispinosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="longispinosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. longispinosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by shagreened surface of head and first gastral tergite, and darker body colouration; from
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. mahaboensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mahaboensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. mahaboensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. by absence of metanotal groove, absence of very sparse, short, decumbent pilosity at the sides of head, and shagreened first gastral tergite and head.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Minor workers</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Salata &amp; Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole praegrandis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praegrandis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pheidole praegrandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. longispinosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="longispinosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. longispinosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by rugoreticulate mesosoma sculpture; from
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. mahaboensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mahaboensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. mahaboensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. by rugoreticulate mesosoma sculpture, and shallow and wide metanotal groove.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>