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<document id="43759FE8D28F56BFFD0D4185690D01A7" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5529.3.6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14022853" ID-ZooBank="13B0E278-C561-48CB-8125-73DDF1F5986D" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1730453537236" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Morozov, Grigori & Strelkova, Natalia" docDate="2024" docId="2B0487A23171FFE7FF142247FF17F8BB" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5529.3.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5529 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5529.3.6" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Grantia asconoides" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="546" masterDocId="D73DFFDA317DFFE9FF832328FFCFFF9D" masterDocTitle="On some Calcaronea (Porifera: Calcarea) from the Barents Sea and adjacent Polar Basin" masterLastPageNumber="550" masterPageNumber="532" pageNumber="544" updateTime="1730722070567" updateUser="diego" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="70DA1EB53C8384FE304607A2983B733C">On some Calcaronea (Porifera: Calcarea) from the Barents Sea and adjacent Polar Basin</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4553198AA7770055F3BCA89B63376A21">Morozov, Grigori</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EF18379E3C8AC94A15D45DEDB2DC92D6">Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia & Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="28102487C731BDBE140209207E0DABCE">Strelkova, Natalia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C609E53AE088BF64D8B70C39287AD40F">Polar branch of VNIRO (« PINRO » named after N. M. Knipovich), Murmansk, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="811B884151EBE2A7E07845777521E604">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="22E47AC916B4ED4ECF56EEEE21848ABE">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2CAC8AA97259F225EA6DD7BE8D087998">2024-10-29</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="DF3C52BDC530AF877FAB9B8FE01C4BDF">journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment id="2B0487A23171FFE7FF142247FF17F8BB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B0487A23171FFE7FF142247FF17F8BB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B0487A23171FFE7FF142247FF17F8BB" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="546" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">
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<subSubSection id="EBB7653F3171FFE5FF142247FD9AFE15" box="[151,597,366,393]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A31236B43171FFE5FF142247FD9AFE15" blockId="12.[151,597,366,393]" box="[151,597,366,393]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">
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<heading id="F85A81D83171FFE5FF142247FD9AFE15" bold="true" box="[151,597,366,393]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" reason="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373171FFE5FF142247FD9AFE15" authority="(Breitfuss, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Breitfuss" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[151,597,366,393]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="asconoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63171FFE5FF142247FD9AFE15" bold="true" box="[151,597,366,393]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63171FFE5FF142247FE4EFE14" bold="true" box="[151,385,366,393]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Grantia asconoides</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453171FFE5FE132246FD82FE15" author="Breitfuss, L. L." box="[400,589,366,392]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" pagination="426 - 432" refId="ref8701" refString="Breitfuss, L. L. (1896) Kalkschwamme der Bremer Expedition nach Ost-Spitzbergen im Jahre 1889 (Prof. W. Kukenthal und Dr. A. Walter). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 19 (513), 426 - 432." type="journal article" year="1896">Breitfuss, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBB7653F3171FFE5FF14229EFD66FE68" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43171FFE5FF14229EFD66FE68" blockId="12.[151,1437,438,1977]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63171FFE5FF14229EFE0CFE4D" bold="true" box="[151,451,438,465]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Synonyms and citations:</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373171FFE5FE4E229FFD6AFE4C" baseAuthorityName="Breitfuss" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[461,677,439,465]" class="Calcarea" family="Syconidae" genus="Sycetta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="asconoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63171FFE5FE4E229FFD6AFE4C" box="[461,677,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Sycetta asconoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453171FFE5FD34229FFCABFE4C" author="Breitfuss, L. L." box="[695,868,439,465]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" pagination="426 - 432" refId="ref8701" refString="Breitfuss, L. L. (1896) Kalkschwamme der Bremer Expedition nach Ost-Spitzbergen im Jahre 1889 (Prof. W. Kukenthal und Dr. A. Walter). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 19 (513), 426 - 432." type="journal article" year="1896">Breitfuss 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453171FFE5FCF1229FFC76FE4C" author="Breitfuss, L. L." box="[882,953,439,465]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref8745" refString="Breitfuss, L. L. (1898 a) Kalkschwammfauna des weissen Meeres und der Eismeerskusten des europaischen Russlands. Memoires de l'Academie Imperiale des sciences de St. Petersbourg, VIII Serie, 6 (2), 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="1898">1898a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453171FFE5FC4B229FFBCDFE4C" author="Breitfuss, L. L." box="[968,1026,439,465]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" pagination="209 - 226" refId="ref8816" refString="Breitfuss, L. L. (1911) Zur Kenntniss der Spongio-Fauna des Kola Fjords. I. Travaux de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de St. Petersbourg, Section Zoologie, 41, 209 - 226. [in Russian, with German summary]" type="journal article" year="1911">1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453171FFE5FB92229FFB69FE4C" author="Koltun, V. M." box="[1041,1190,439,465]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" pagination="143 - 166" refId="ref9953" refString="Koltun, V. M. (1964) Sponges (Porifera) from the Greenland Sea and from the north off Spitzbergen and Franz Josef Land, from expeditions of the " F. Litke " 1955, " Obb " 1956 and " Lena " 1957 - 1958. Scientific results of the higher latitudes. Oceanographic Expeditions to the northern part of the Greenland Sea and the adjacent arctic basin. Publications of the Arctic-Antarctic Research Institute, 259, 143 - 166. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1964">Koltun 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373171FFE5FB3E229FFA53FE4C" baseAuthorityName="Breitfuss" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[1213,1436,439,465]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="asconoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63171FFE5FB3E229FFA53FE4C" box="[1213,1436,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Grantia asconoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453171FFE5FF1C22F3FE87FE68" author="Breitfuss, L. L." box="[159,328,475,501]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" pagination="235 - 252" refId="ref8944" refString="Breitfuss, L. L. (1932) Die Kalkschwammfauna des arktischen Gebietes. Fauna Arctica, 6, 235 - 252." type="journal article" year="1932">Breitfuss 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453171FFE5FED022F3FE2CFE68" author="Burton, M." box="[339,483,475,501]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" refId="ref8968" refString="Burton, M. (1963) A Revision of the Classification of the Calcareous Sponges. W. Clowes and Sons Ltd., London, 693 pp." type="book" year="1963">Burton 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453171FFE5FE6D22F3FDB6FE68" author="Tendal, O." box="[494,633,475,501]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref11169" refString="Tendal, O. (1970) Sponges from Jorgen Bronlund Fjord, North Greenland. Meddelelser om GrOnland, 184 (7), 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="1970">Tendal 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
(?))
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBB7653F3171FFE5FF4422D6FCC3FDA0" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43171FFE5FF4422D6FCC3FDA0" blockId="12.[151,1437,438,1977]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63171FFE5FF4422D6FE51FD84" bold="true" box="[199,414,510,537]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Previous records:</emphasis>
|
||||
Barents Sea (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453171FFE5FDC922D7FD36FD84" author="Breitfuss, L. L." box="[586,761,511,537]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" pagination="426 - 432" refId="ref8701" refString="Breitfuss, L. L. (1896) Kalkschwamme der Bremer Expedition nach Ost-Spitzbergen im Jahre 1889 (Prof. W. Kukenthal und Dr. A. Walter). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 19 (513), 426 - 432." type="journal article" year="1896">Breitfuss 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), Volokovaya fjord (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453171FFE5FC6D22D7FB53FD84" author="Breitfuss, L. L." box="[1006,1180,511,537]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" pagination="209 - 226" refId="ref8816" refString="Breitfuss, L. L. (1911) Zur Kenntniss der Spongio-Fauna des Kola Fjords. I. Travaux de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de St. Petersbourg, Section Zoologie, 41, 209 - 226. [in Russian, with German summary]" type="journal article" year="1911">Breitfuss 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), north and south off Spitsbergen, north off Franz Joseph Land (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453171FFE5FDF7210BFCCBFDA0" author="Koltun, V. M." box="[628,772,547,573]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" pagination="143 - 166" refId="ref9953" refString="Koltun, V. M. (1964) Sponges (Porifera) from the Greenland Sea and from the north off Spitzbergen and Franz Josef Land, from expeditions of the " F. Litke " 1955, " Obb " 1956 and " Lena " 1957 - 1958. Scientific results of the higher latitudes. Oceanographic Expeditions to the northern part of the Greenland Sea and the adjacent arctic basin. Publications of the Arctic-Antarctic Research Institute, 259, 143 - 166. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1964">Koltun 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBB7653F3171FFE5FF44216EFD71FC88" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43171FFE5FF44216EFBC8FD50" blockId="12.[151,1437,438,1977]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63171FFE5FF44216EFE7AFDFD" bold="true" box="[199,437,582,608]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Material examined:</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="13C53CE93171FFE5FE3C216FFDABFD18" collectionCode="ZISP" elevation="305" latitude="69.2166" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="33.5333" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" specimenCode="ZISP 10189" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
Barents Sea, “
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63171FFE5FDE0216FFC9FFDFD" box="[611,848,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Andrei Pervozvannyi</emphasis>
|
||||
” 1899, st. 124 (
|
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="C69950733171FFE5FB0D216EFB30FDFC" box="[1166,1279,582,609]" degrees="33.5333" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" precision="5" value="33.5333">33.5333E</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<quantity id="64559B513171FFE5FA97216FFA58FDFC" box="[1300,1431,583,609]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="3.13" metricValueMin="2.9699999999999998" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" unit="m" value="305.0" valueMax="313.0" valueMin="297.0">
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<elevation id="2880D1873171FFE5FA97216FFA58FDFC" box="[1300,1431,583,609]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="3.13" metricValueMin="2.9699999999999998" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" unit="m" value="305.0" valueMax="313.0" valueMin="297.0">297–313 m</elevation>
|
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</quantity>
|
||||
, Petersen trawl,
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5ABFD3D3171FFE5FECA2143FE02FD18" box="[329,461,619,645]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
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,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F30B9ECF3171FFE5FE592143FDABFD18" box="[474,612,619,645]" collectionCode="ZISP" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">ZISP 10189</specimenCode>
|
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</materialsCitation>
|
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;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="13C53CE93171FFE5FDF12143FA56FD18" box="[626,1433,619,645]" collectionCode="ZISP" elevation="322" latitude="71.18" longLatPrecision="583" longitude="30.47" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" specimenCode="ZISP 13320" specimenCount="1">
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st. 108 (
|
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<geoCoordinate id="C69950733171FFE5FD532143FCE8FD18" box="[720,807,619,645]" degrees="71.18" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" precision="555" value="71.18">71.18N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="C69950733171FFE5FCB72143FC46FD18" box="[820,905,619,645]" degrees="30.47" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" precision="555" value="30.47">30.47E</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<quantity id="64559B513171FFE5FC1D2143FC26FD18" box="[926,1001,619,645]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.22" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" unit="m" value="322.0">
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<elevation id="2880D1873171FFE5FC1D2143FC26FD18" box="[926,1001,619,645]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.22" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" unit="m" value="322.0">322 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
, otter trawl,
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5ABFD3D3171FFE5FBFE2143FACEFD18" box="[1149,1281,619,645]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
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,
|
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<specimenCode id="F30B9ECF3171FFE5FA8D2143FA56FD18" box="[1294,1433,619,645]" collectionCode="ZISP" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">ZISP 13320</specimenCode>
|
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</materialsCitation>
|
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.
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="13C53CE93171FFE5FF1421A7FA9BFD34" box="[151,1364,655,681]" collectionCode="ZISP" elevation="142" latitude="69.8666" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="37.9666" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" specimenCode="ZISP 13321" specimenCount="1">
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“
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63171FFE5FF2721A7FE5FFD35" box="[164,400,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Andrei Pervozvannyi</emphasis>
|
||||
” 1901, st. 631 (
|
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<geoCoordinate id="C69950733171FFE5FDCD21A7FD0DFD34" box="[590,706,655,681]" degrees="69.8666" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" precision="5" value="69.8666">69.8666N</geoCoordinate>
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,
|
||||
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|
||||
),
|
||||
<quantity id="64559B513171FFE5FCD621A7FC6EFD34" box="[853,929,655,681]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.42" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" unit="m" value="142.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="2880D1873171FFE5FCD621A7FC6EFD34" box="[853,929,655,681]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.42" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" unit="m" value="142.0">142 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
, otter trawl,
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5ABFD3D3171FFE5FBB521A7FB74FD34" box="[1078,1211,655,681]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F30B9ECF3171FFE5FB4B21A7FA9BFD34" box="[1224,1364,655,681]" collectionCode="ZISP" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">ZISP 13321</specimenCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="13C53CE93171FFE5FAE221A7FBCCFD50" collectionCode="ZISP" elevation="550" latitude="80.0" longLatPrecision="563" longitude="10.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" specimenCode="ZISP 10191" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
Polar Basin, “
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63171FFE5FF72219BFEE6FD51" box="[241,297,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Lena</emphasis>
|
||||
” 1957, st. 18 (
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C69950733171FFE5FE4D219BFDE9FD50" box="[462,550,691,717]" degrees="80.00" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" precision="555" value="80.0">80.00N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C69950733171FFE5FDB2219BFD4AFD50" box="[561,645,691,717]" degrees="10.00" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" precision="555" value="10.0">10.00E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<quantity id="64559B513171FFE5FD1B219AFD2EFD50" box="[664,737,690,717]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" unit="m" value="550.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="2880D1873171FFE5FD1B219AFD2EFD50" box="[664,737,690,717]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" unit="m" value="550.0">550 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5ABFD3D3171FFE5FD6E219BFCA0FD50" box="[749,879,691,717]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F30B9ECF3171FFE5FCF9219BFBCCFD50" box="[890,1027,691,717]" collectionCode="ZISP" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">ZISP 10191</specimenCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43171FFE5FF4421FFFD71FC88" blockId="12.[151,1437,438,1977]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="13C53CE93171FFE5FF4421FFFD75FC88" collectionCode="PINRO" elevation="142" latitude="69.9968" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="35.9596" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
Barents Sea,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5BCAE713171FFE5FEE121FFFE79FD6C" box="[354,438,727,753]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">PINRO</collectionCode>
|
||||
trawl survey 2003, st. unknown (
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C69950733171FFE5FCC721FFFC77FD6C" box="[836,952,727,753]" degrees="69.9968" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" precision="5" value="69.9968">69.9968N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C69950733171FFE5FC4421FEFBF8FD6C" box="[967,1079,726,753]" degrees="35.9596" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" precision="5" value="35.9596">35.9596E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<quantity id="64559B513171FFE5FBCD21FFFB54FD6C" box="[1102,1179,727,753]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.42" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" unit="m" value="142.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="2880D1873171FFE5FBCD21FFFB54FD6C" box="[1102,1179,727,753]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.42" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" unit="m" value="142.0">142 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
, temperature 2.98 °C, salinity 34.872 psu,
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5ABFD3D3171FFE5FEF921D3FE33FC88" box="[378,508,763,789]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||||
, KFU-LH-2/039
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBB7653F3171FFE5FF442036FF36F8B4" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43171FFE5FF442036FCBEFC38" blockId="12.[151,1437,438,1977]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63171FFE5FF442036FE94FCA5" bold="true" box="[199,347,798,824]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Description:</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63171FFE5FEE82037FD51FCA5" box="[363,670,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Morphology and anatomy</emphasis>
|
||||
. Sponge stipitate, with well-developed peduncle supporting an elongated, spindle-shaped body that terminates above in a single osculum surrounded by a short fringe (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313171FFE5FAB9206BFA40FCC0" box="[1338,1423,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1355,1379]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1331]" captionTargetId="figure-23@13.[151,1436,181,1331]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Grantia asconoides, specimen KFU-LH-2/039. A. Habitus. B. Detail of the outer surface with cortical triactines visible, both in the head and peduncle. C. Cross-section thru the main body. D. Trichoxea. E–E1. Subatrial and tubar triactines. F–F1. Cortical triactines. G. Tetractine. H. Triactine from peduncle. Abbreviations: atr = apical actines of trtractines pointing into the atrium; cch = tubar triactines arranged radially, with long unpaired actine pointing towards the cortex.; cx = cortex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022873/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Fig 9A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The surface appears to be perforated in a sieve-like manner by the incurrent canals that are evenly distributed. Aquiferous system syconoid. Colour light yellowish (in ethanol).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43171FFE5FF442087FD9FFC70" blockId="12.[151,1437,438,1977]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63171FFE5FF442087FEE9FC54" box="[199,294,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Skeleton</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313171FFE5FEB42087FE47FC54" box="[311,392,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1355,1379]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1331]" captionTargetId="figure-23@13.[151,1436,181,1331]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Grantia asconoides, specimen KFU-LH-2/039. A. Habitus. B. Detail of the outer surface with cortical triactines visible, both in the head and peduncle. C. Cross-section thru the main body. D. Trichoxea. E–E1. Subatrial and tubar triactines. F–F1. Cortical triactines. G. Tetractine. H. Triactine from peduncle. Abbreviations: atr = apical actines of trtractines pointing into the atrium; cch = tubar triactines arranged radially, with long unpaired actine pointing towards the cortex.; cx = cortex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022873/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Fig 9C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Atrial skeleton comprises tetractines with their basal actines oriented tangentially and the apical actine projecting into the atrium.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43171FFE5FF4420DFFDA8FBA8" blockId="12.[151,1437,438,1977]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Subatrial skeleton composed of sagittal triactines, with their paired actines supporting the atrial wall, and the unpaired one directed towards the cortex.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43171FFE5FF442717FE1DFBE0" blockId="12.[151,1437,438,1977]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Articulated tubar skeleton comprises the same kind of triactines as the subatrial one, with long unpaired actine pointing towards the cortex.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43171FFE5FF4427AFFC4EFB58" blockId="12.[151,1437,438,1977]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">
|
||||
Cortical skeleton comprises several rows of subregular to sagittal triactines, with basal actines oriented tangentially and the unpaired actines directed basipetally (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313171FFE5FCA12783FCBBFB58" box="[802,884,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1355,1379]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1331]" captionTargetId="figure-23@13.[151,1436,181,1331]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Grantia asconoides, specimen KFU-LH-2/039. A. Habitus. B. Detail of the outer surface with cortical triactines visible, both in the head and peduncle. C. Cross-section thru the main body. D. Trichoxea. E–E1. Subatrial and tubar triactines. F–F1. Cortical triactines. G. Tetractine. H. Triactine from peduncle. Abbreviations: atr = apical actines of trtractines pointing into the atrium; cch = tubar triactines arranged radially, with long unpaired actine pointing towards the cortex.; cx = cortex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022873/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Fig 9B</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43171FFE5FF4427E7FB7FFB74" blockId="12.[151,1437,438,1977]" box="[199,1200,1231,1257]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Trichoxeas arranged radially within the walls, but without protruding beyond the surface.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43171FFE5FF4427DBFD69FAAC" blockId="12.[151,1437,438,1977]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">In the peduncle long unpaired actines of large triactines oriented basipetally. Small diactines scattered amongst them, but never protruding beyond the surface.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43171FFE5FF442613FF05FA00" blockId="12.[151,1437,438,1977]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63171FFE5FF442613FEEBFAC8" box="[199,292,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Spicules</emphasis>
|
||||
from the head. Trichoxeas large, with two unequal ends—one slightly fusiform and the other sharply pointed. Size: around 300 × 1 µm, often broken, similar to the small ones from the peduncle, but often longer (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313171FFE5FAF62677FF72FA00" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1355,1379]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1331]" captionTargetId="figure-23@13.[151,1436,181,1331]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Grantia asconoides, specimen KFU-LH-2/039. A. Habitus. B. Detail of the outer surface with cortical triactines visible, both in the head and peduncle. C. Cross-section thru the main body. D. Trichoxea. E–E1. Subatrial and tubar triactines. F–F1. Cortical triactines. G. Tetractine. H. Triactine from peduncle. Abbreviations: atr = apical actines of trtractines pointing into the atrium; cch = tubar triactines arranged radially, with long unpaired actine pointing towards the cortex.; cx = cortex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022873/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Fig 9D</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43171FFE5FF44268FFAD3FA78" blockId="12.[151,1437,438,1977]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">
|
||||
Subatrial and tubar triactines sagittal with ~ 180° angle between the straight paired actines (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313171FFE5FB4E268FFA8BFA5C" box="[1229,1348,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1355,1379]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1331]" captionTargetId="figure-23@13.[151,1436,181,1331]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Grantia asconoides, specimen KFU-LH-2/039. A. Habitus. B. Detail of the outer surface with cortical triactines visible, both in the head and peduncle. C. Cross-section thru the main body. D. Trichoxea. E–E1. Subatrial and tubar triactines. F–F1. Cortical triactines. G. Tetractine. H. Triactine from peduncle. Abbreviations: atr = apical actines of trtractines pointing into the atrium; cch = tubar triactines arranged radially, with long unpaired actine pointing towards the cortex.; cx = cortex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022873/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Figs 9E–E</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313171FFE5FAC72691FA83FA5A" box="[1348,1356,1465,1479]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1340,1364]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,188,1309]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[151,1436,181,1316]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of sampling locations in the Barents Sea and adjacent areas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022855/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">
|
||||
<subScript id="3F2934F13171FFE5FAC72691FA83FA5A" attach="left" box="[1348,1356,1465,1479]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">1</subScript>
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Size: paired—33–76.7–100 × 3.3–5.2–7.5 µm (n = 50), unpaired—63.8–160.6–217× 4–5.2–6.2 µm (n = 50).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43171FFE5FF4426C7FB97F9B0" blockId="12.[151,1437,438,1977]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">
|
||||
Cortical triactines subregular to sagittal with stout, conical actines (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313171FFE5FC3D26C7FBFCF994" box="[958,1075,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1355,1379]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1331]" captionTargetId="figure-23@13.[151,1436,181,1331]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Grantia asconoides, specimen KFU-LH-2/039. A. Habitus. B. Detail of the outer surface with cortical triactines visible, both in the head and peduncle. C. Cross-section thru the main body. D. Trichoxea. E–E1. Subatrial and tubar triactines. F–F1. Cortical triactines. G. Tetractine. H. Triactine from peduncle. Abbreviations: atr = apical actines of trtractines pointing into the atrium; cch = tubar triactines arranged radially, with long unpaired actine pointing towards the cortex.; cx = cortex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022873/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Figs 9F–F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313171FFE5FBB02529FBF4F992" box="[1075,1083,1537,1551]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1340,1364]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,188,1309]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[151,1436,181,1316]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of sampling locations in the Barents Sea and adjacent areas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022855/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">
|
||||
<subScript id="3F2934F13171FFE5FBB02529FBF4F992" attach="left" box="[1075,1083,1537,1551]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">1</subScript>
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Size: paired—47.6–85.9–137 × 5–7.2–10.7 µm (n = 50), unpaired—75.7–158.5–266.8 × 5.5–7.6–10.3 µm (n = 50).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43171FFE5FF44251FFAE9F904" blockId="12.[151,1437,438,1977]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">
|
||||
Atrial tetractines subregular with straight, sharply pointed basal actines (fig. 9G) and with the unpaired actine always longer than the paired ones (
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63171FFE5FDC12573FD57F9E8" box="[578,664,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">p value</emphasis>
|
||||
<0.05). Size: paired—76–114.5–136 × 4.2–5.7–7.6 µm (n = 30), unpaired—126–179–229.6 × 5–6.5–9 µm (n = 30), apical—97.5–139.6–197 × 3.9–5.2–8.2 µm (n = 15).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43171FFE5FF44258BFF36F8B4" blockId="12.[151,1437,438,1977]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63171FFE5FF44258BFEEBF920" box="[199,292,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Spicules</emphasis>
|
||||
from the peduncle. Trichoxeas small, similar to larger ones from the head. Size: 74–111.8–145.7 × 1–1.7–2.2 µm (n = 20). Triactines sagittal, with very short and stout paired actines, and long unpaired actine (fig. 9H). Size: paired—64.5–97.9–124.3 × 5.8–9.7–13.6 µm (n = 40), unpaired—210–366.8–485.9 × 6.7–9.7–13.75 µm (n = 40).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBB7653F3171FFE7FF44241BFF17F8BB" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="546" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43171FFE5FF44241BFCF4F824" blockId="12.[151,1437,438,1977]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63171FFE5FF44241BFEF2F8D0" bold="true" box="[199,317,1843,1869]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453171FFE5FEC5241BFD9DF8D0" author="Dendy, A. & Row, R. H." box="[326,594,1843,1869]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" pagination="704 - 813" refId="ref9132" refString="Dendy, A. & Row, R. H. (1913) The classification and phylogeny of the calcareous sponges, with a reference list of all the described species, systematically arranged. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 83 (3), 704 - 813. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1913. tb 06152. x" type="journal article" year="1913">Dendy and Row (1913)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
re-examined the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C1688163171FFE5FC9A241BFC86F8D0" box="[793,841,1843,1869]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
slides of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373171FFE5FC39241BFB9CF8D0" baseAuthorityName="Breitfuss" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[954,1107,1843,1869]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="asconoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63171FFE5FC39241BFC07F8D0" box="[954,968,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">S</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63171FFE5FC54241BFB9CF8D0" box="[983,1107,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">asconoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and noted that Breitfuss had overlooked cortical triactines in his material. In specimens examined in this study, including the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C1688163171FFE5FB7B247FFAE7F8EC" box="[1272,1320,1879,1905]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimen slides, we also found tangentially placed cortical triactines, whose occurrence, together with well-defined incurrent canals (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453171FFE5FF6F24B7FEA3F824" author="Rapp, H. T." box="[236,364,1950,1977]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" pagination="1395 - 1459" refId="ref10622" refString="Rapp, H. T. (2015) A monograph of the calcareous sponges (Porifera, Calcarea) of Greenland. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 95 (7), 1395 - 1459. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315413001070" type="journal article" year="2015">Rapp 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), places the species in the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373171FFE5FD5824B7FCFBF824" authorityName="Fleming" authorityYear="1828" box="[731,820,1951,1977]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63171FFE5FD5824B7FCFBF824" box="[731,820,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Grantia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="F7D2663C3170FFE4FF142663FAB7FA52" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022873" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14022873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022873/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="545" startId="13.[151,250,1355,1379]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1331]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43170FFE4FF142663FAB7FA52" blockId="13.[151,1437,1355,1487]" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63170FFE4FF142663FEDBFAFE" bold="true" box="[151,276,1355,1379]" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373170FFE4FE9F2663FE2AFAFE" baseAuthorityName="Breitfuss" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[284,485,1355,1379]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="13" pageNumber="545" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="asconoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63170FFE4FE9F2663FE2AFAFE" box="[284,485,1355,1379]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">Grantia asconoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, specimen KFU-LH-2/039.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63170FFE4FC852663FCD0FAFE" bold="true" box="[774,799,1355,1379]" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">A.</emphasis>
|
||||
Habitus.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63170FFE4FC002663FC55FAFE" bold="true" box="[899,922,1355,1379]" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">B.</emphasis>
|
||||
Detail of the outer surface with cortical triactines visible, both in the head and peduncle.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63170FFE4FDA72647FDF3FA1A" bold="true" box="[548,572,1391,1415]" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">C.</emphasis>
|
||||
Cross-section thru the main body.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63170FFE4FC1D2647FC78FA1A" bold="true" box="[926,951,1391,1415]" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">D.</emphasis>
|
||||
Trichoxea.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63170FFE4FBAC2647FBA4FA1A" bold="true" box="[1071,1131,1391,1421]" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">
|
||||
E–E
|
||||
<subScript id="3F2934F13170FFE4FBDD2657FBAAFA10" attach="left" box="[1118,1125,1407,1421]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">1</subScript>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Subatrial and tubar triactines.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63170FFE4FF1426BBFF1FFA36" bold="true" box="[151,208,1427,1457]" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">
|
||||
F–F
|
||||
<subScript id="3F2934F13170FFE4FF40268BFF05FA2C" attach="left" box="[195,202,1443,1457]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">1</subScript>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Cortical triactines.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63170FFE4FE1F26BBFE79FA36" bold="true" box="[412,438,1427,1451]" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">G.</emphasis>
|
||||
Tetractine.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63170FFE4FDB226BBFD84FA36" bold="true" box="[561,587,1427,1451]" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">H.</emphasis>
|
||||
Triactine from peduncle. Abbreviations: atr = apical actines of trtractines pointing into the atrium; cch = tubar triactines arranged radially, with long unpaired actine pointing towards the cortex.; cx = cortex.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43170FFE4FF442509FA9BF88E" blockId="13.[151,1437,1569,2027]" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">
|
||||
There is much confusion surrounding
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373170FFE4FDF0250AFC02F9A6" authority="Lambe, 1900" authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1900" box="[627,973,1569,1596]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="13" pageNumber="545" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="phillipsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63170FFE4FDF0250AFCE0F9A6" box="[627,815,1569,1596]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">Grantia phillipsi</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453170FFE4FCB52509FC02F9A6" author="Lambe, L. M." box="[822,973,1569,1595]" pageId="13" pageNumber="545" pagination="19 - 49" refId="ref10190" refString="Lambe, L. M. (1900) Sponges from the coasts of north-eastern Canada and Greenland. Transactions of the royal Society of Canada, 6, 19 - 49." type="journal article" year="1900">Lambe, 1900</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, reported from around
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBBA76243170FFE4FB4C2509FA88F9A6" box="[1231,1351,1569,1595]" name="Greenland" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373170FFE4FA02250AFE12F9C2" authority="(Breitfuss, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Breitfuss" baseAuthorityYear="1896" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="13" pageNumber="545" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="asconoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63170FFE4FA02250AFEDCF9C2" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">G. asconoides</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453170FFE4FEA0256DFE1AF9C2" author="Breitfuss, L. L." box="[291,469,1605,1631]" pageId="13" pageNumber="545" pagination="426 - 432" refId="ref8701" refString="Breitfuss, L. L. (1896) Kalkschwamme der Bremer Expedition nach Ost-Spitzbergen im Jahre 1889 (Prof. W. Kukenthal und Dr. A. Walter). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 19 (513), 426 - 432." type="journal article" year="1896">Breitfuss, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, originally described from the north off
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBBA76243170FFE4FC25256EFBCFF9FD" box="[934,1024,1606,1632]" name="Norway" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and later reported by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453170FFE4FB7F256DFA53F9C2" author="Koltun, V. M." box="[1276,1436,1605,1631]" pageId="13" pageNumber="545" pagination="143 - 166" refId="ref9953" refString="Koltun, V. M. (1964) Sponges (Porifera) from the Greenland Sea and from the north off Spitzbergen and Franz Josef Land, from expeditions of the " F. Litke " 1955, " Obb " 1956 and " Lena " 1957 - 1958. Scientific results of the higher latitudes. Oceanographic Expeditions to the northern part of the Greenland Sea and the adjacent arctic basin. Publications of the Arctic-Antarctic Research Institute, 259, 143 - 166. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1964">Koltun (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBBA76243170FFE4FF572541FEF7F91E" box="[212,312,1641,1667]" name="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">Svalbard</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and from the east off
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBBA76243170FFE4FDAB2541FD6FF91E" box="[552,672,1641,1667]" name="Greenland" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. The history of these confusions has recently been reviewed by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453170FFE4FAE22542FF2AF935" author="Rapp, H. T." pageId="13" pageNumber="545" pagination="1395 - 1459" refId="ref10622" refString="Rapp, H. T. (2015) A monograph of the calcareous sponges (Porifera, Calcarea) of Greenland. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 95 (7), 1395 - 1459. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315413001070" type="journal article" year="2015">Rapp (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. As the author noted, “
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63170FFE4FE6025A5FD3CF93A" box="[483,755,1677,1703]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">the only clear difference</emphasis>
|
||||
[between these sponges]
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63170FFE4FB9225A6FDBAF956" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">
|
||||
is the presence of slender trichoxea in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373170FFE4FF34259AFEF4F956" authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1900" box="[183,315,1713,1740]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="13" pageNumber="545" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="phillipsi">G. phillipsi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, especially in the peduncle
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
”, and “[Breitfuss]
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63170FFE4FCD02599FC9AF972" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">did not examine the composition of spicules in the peduncle, and he might have missed the trichoxea of the head</emphasis>
|
||||
”, and the “
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63170FFE4FC5A25FEFA8FF88E" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">
|
||||
presence of trichoxeas in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373170FFE4FB7F25FEFA53F972" baseAuthorityName="Breitfuss" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[1276,1436,1749,1776]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="13" pageNumber="545" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="asconoides">G. asconoides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
would indicate that the species are synonymous, with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373170FFE4FD7225D2FCA0F88E" authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1900" box="[753,879,1785,1812]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="13" pageNumber="545" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="phillipsi">G. phillipsi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
being a junior synonym of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373170FFE4FB2225D2FA8FF88E" baseAuthorityName="Breitfuss" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[1185,1344,1785,1812]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="13" pageNumber="545" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="asconoides">G. asconoides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
”.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43170FFE4FF442436FC30F876" blockId="13.[151,1437,1569,2027]" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">
|
||||
<location id="A672606F3170FFE4FF442436FF23F8A5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B0487A23171FFE7FF142247FF17F8BB:A672606F3170FFE4FF442436FF23F8A5" box="[199,236,1822,1848]" country="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" county="Koltun's" municipality="The" name="We" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">We</location>
|
||||
re-examined
|
||||
<location id="A672606F3170FFE4FE0B2435FDCFF8AA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B0487A23171FFE7FF142247FF17F8BB:A672606F3170FFE4FE0B2435FDCFF8AA" box="[392,512,1821,1847]" country="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" county="Koltun's" municipality="The" name="Breitfuss's" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">Breitfuss’s</location>
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C1688163170FFE4FD8B2436FDF7F8A5" box="[520,568,1822,1848]" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimen slides of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373170FFE4FC992436FC75F8AA" baseAuthorityName="Breitfuss" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[794,954,1821,1848]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="13" pageNumber="545" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="asconoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63170FFE4FC992436FC75F8AA" box="[794,954,1821,1848]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">G. asconoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the
|
||||
<location id="A672606F3170FFE4FB882435FB24F8AA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B0487A23171FFE7FF142247FF17F8BB:A672606F3170FFE4FB882435FB24F8AA" box="[1035,1259,1821,1847]" country="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" county="Koltun's" municipality="The" name="Zoological Institute" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">Zoological Institute</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="A672606F3170FFE4FB742435FEFAF8C6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B0487A23171FFE7FF142247FF17F8BB:A672606F3170FFE4FB742435FEFAF8C6" country="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" county="Koltun's" municipality="The" name="St. Petersburg. Unfortunately" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">St. Petersburg. Unfortunately</location>
|
||||
, spicules appear to have dissolved over time in the spicule slide, but the histological sections of the head have remained and, as far as the skeleton architecture and overall complement of spicules are concerned, the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C1688163170FFE4FF1424A2FF08F839" box="[151,199,1930,1956]" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimen is very similar to our specimens collected close to the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C1688163170FFE4FC3F24A2FC23F839" box="[956,1004,1930,1956]" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality,
|
||||
<location id="A672606F3170FFE4FBDA24A2FACCF83E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B0487A23171FFE7FF142247FF17F8BB:A672606F3170FFE4FBDA24A2FACCF83E" box="[1113,1283,1929,1956]" country="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" county="Koltun's" municipality="The" name="Murman Coast" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">Murman Coast</location>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313170FFE4FA9724A1FAACF83E" box="[1300,1379,1929,1955]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1229,1253]" captionTargetBox="[170,1419,194,1193]" captionTargetId="figure-19@14.[157,1430,181,1205]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution of Grantia phillipsi and G. asconoides in the North Atlantic and Arctic. Abbreviations: purple color = specimens of G. phillipsi analysed by Rapp (2015); orange color = specimens of G. asconoides analysed in this study; star = type locality; question mark = inaccurate findings of G. asconoides." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022875/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">Fig 10</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<location id="A672606F3170FFE4FAFB24A1FA53F83E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B0487A23171FFE7FF142247FF17F8BB:A672606F3170FFE4FAFB24A1FA53F83E" box="[1400,1436,1929,1955]" country="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" county="Koltun's" municipality="The" name="All" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">All</location>
|
||||
individuals analysed in this study proved to have trichoxeas both in the head and peduncle.
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="4376ACCE3170FFE4FB222485FB02F85A" box="[1185,1229,1965,1991]" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">The</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
same was true for the re-examined
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="4A734E383170FFE4FED024F9FE7CF876" box="[339,435,2001,2027]" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">Koltun’s</collectingCounty>
|
||||
specimen collected north off
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBBA76243170FFE4FC8224F9FCA8F876" box="[769,871,2001,2027]" name="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">Svalbard</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F30B9ECF3170FFE4FCF124F9FC34F876" box="[882,1019,2001,2027]" collectionCode="ZISP" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="13" pageNumber="545">ZISP 10191</specimenCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="F7D2663C3173FFE7FF1427E5FC89FAB0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022875" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14022875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022875/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="546" startId="14.[151,250,1229,1253]" targetBox="[170,1419,194,1193]" targetPageId="14" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43173FFE7FF1427E5FC89FAB0" blockId="14.[151,1436,1229,1326]" pageId="14" pageNumber="546">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63173FFE7FF1427E5FEEFFB78" bold="true" box="[151,288,1229,1253]" pageId="14" pageNumber="546">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
|
||||
Distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373173FFE7FE4727E6FDA1FB7B" authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1900" box="[452,622,1230,1254]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="14" pageNumber="546" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="phillipsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63173FFE7FE4727E6FDA1FB7B" box="[452,622,1230,1254]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="546">Grantia phillipsi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373173FFE7FD2327E6FCFFFB7B" baseAuthorityName="Breitfuss" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[672,816,1230,1254]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="14" pageNumber="546" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="asconoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63173FFE7FD2327E6FCFFFB7B" box="[672,816,1230,1254]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="546">G. asconoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the North Atlantic and Arctic. Abbreviations: purple color = specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373173FFE7FEBB27DAFE65FA97" authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1900" box="[312,426,1266,1290]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="14" pageNumber="546" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="phillipsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63173FFE7FEBB27DAFE65FA97" box="[312,426,1266,1290]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="546">G. phillipsi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
analysed by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453173FFE7FDB327DAFD7DFA94" author="Rapp, H. T." box="[560,690,1265,1289]" pageId="14" pageNumber="546" pagination="1395 - 1459" refId="ref10622" refString="Rapp, H. T. (2015) A monograph of the calcareous sponges (Porifera, Calcarea) of Greenland. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 95 (7), 1395 - 1459. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315413001070" type="journal article" year="2015">Rapp (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; orange color = specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373173FFE7FC6027DAFBBBFA97" baseAuthorityName="Breitfuss" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[995,1140,1266,1290]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="14" pageNumber="546" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="asconoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63173FFE7FC6027DAFBBBFA97" box="[995,1140,1266,1290]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="546">G. asconoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
analysed in this study; star = type locality; question mark = inaccurate findings of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373173FFE7FD32263EFC8EFAB3" baseAuthorityName="Breitfuss" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[689,833,1302,1326]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="14" pageNumber="546" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="asconoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63173FFE7FD32263EFC8EFAB3" box="[689,833,1302,1326]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="546">G. asconoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43173FFE7FF4426A8FDFAF9D3" blockId="14.[151,1436,1408,1830]" pageId="14" pageNumber="546">
|
||||
However, it remains extremely doubtful whether
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373173FFE7FC8C26A8FC1FFA07" authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1900" box="[783,976,1408,1434]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="14" pageNumber="546" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="phillipsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63173FFE7FC8C26A8FC1FFA07" box="[783,976,1408,1434]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="546">Grantia phillipsi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373173FFE7FB9226A8FB7AFA07" baseAuthorityName="Breitfuss" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[1041,1205,1408,1434]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="14" pageNumber="546" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="asconoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63173FFE7FB9226A8FB7AFA07" box="[1041,1205,1408,1434]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="546">G. asconoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are synonyms. For Greenlandic and Icelandic specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373173FFE7FDE2268CFC76FA22" authority=", Rapp (2015)" authorityName=", Rapp" authorityYear="2015" box="[609,953,1444,1471]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="14" pageNumber="546" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="phillipsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63173FFE7FDE2268CFCD2FA23" box="[609,797,1444,1470]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="546">Grantia phillipsi</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453173FFE7FCAF268CFC76FA22" author="Rapp, H. T." box="[812,953,1444,1471]" pageId="14" pageNumber="546" pagination="1395 - 1459" refId="ref10622" refString="Rapp, H. T. (2015) A monograph of the calcareous sponges (Porifera, Calcarea) of Greenland. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 95 (7), 1395 - 1459. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315413001070" type="journal article" year="2015">Rapp (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
reported tripodic atrial tetractines, with all basal rays having the same length. In specimens analysed in this study, both from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBBA76243173FFE7FBB326E0FB5BFA7F" box="[1072,1172,1480,1506]" name="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" pageId="14" pageNumber="546">Svalbard</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and the Murman coast, tetractines are distinctively subregular (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313173FFE7FDCF26C4FD51F99B" box="[588,670,1516,1542]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1355,1379]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1331]" captionTargetId="figure-23@13.[151,1436,181,1331]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Grantia asconoides, specimen KFU-LH-2/039. A. Habitus. B. Detail of the outer surface with cortical triactines visible, both in the head and peduncle. C. Cross-section thru the main body. D. Trichoxea. E–E1. Subatrial and tubar triactines. F–F1. Cortical triactines. G. Tetractine. H. Triactine from peduncle. Abbreviations: atr = apical actines of trtractines pointing into the atrium; cch = tubar triactines arranged radially, with long unpaired actine pointing towards the cortex.; cx = cortex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022873/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="546">Fig 9G</figureCitation>
|
||||
), with the unpaired actine on average 1.5 times longer than the paired ones (
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63173FFE7FF592539FEE0F9B7" box="[218,303,1552,1578]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="546">p -value</emphasis>
|
||||
<0.05). Unfortunately, we could not obtain Rapp’s specimens for examination. Until this is done, the name
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373173FFE7FF58251CFE96F9D3" authorityName=", Rapp" authorityYear="2015" box="[219,345,1588,1614]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="14" pageNumber="546" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="phillipsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63173FFE7FF58251CFE96F9D3" box="[219,345,1588,1614]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="546">G. phillipsi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
should be retained.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43173FFE7FF442570FF17F8BB" blockId="14.[151,1436,1408,1830]" pageId="14" pageNumber="546">
|
||||
If the records of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373173FFE7FE0F2570FD85F9EF" authorityName=", Rapp" authorityYear="2015" box="[396,586,1624,1650]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="14" pageNumber="546" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="phillipsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63173FFE7FE0F2570FD85F9EF" box="[396,586,1624,1650]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="546">Grantia phillipsi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373173FFE7FD062570FCE9F9EF" baseAuthorityName="Breitfuss" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[645,806,1624,1650]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="14" pageNumber="546" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="asconoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63173FFE7FD062570FCE9F9EF" box="[645,806,1624,1650]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="546">G. asconoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are considered together, the geographic distribution of these two sponges is almost continuous in the Atlantic boreo-arctic region (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313173FFE7FC7E2554FB81F90B" box="[1021,1102,1660,1686]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1229,1253]" captionTargetBox="[170,1419,194,1193]" captionTargetId="figure-19@14.[157,1430,181,1205]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution of Grantia phillipsi and G. asconoides in the North Atlantic and Arctic. Abbreviations: purple color = specimens of G. phillipsi analysed by Rapp (2015); orange color = specimens of G. asconoides analysed in this study; star = type locality; question mark = inaccurate findings of G. asconoides." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022875/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="546">Fig 10</figureCitation>
|
||||
): from Franz Josef Land and
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBBA76243173FFE7FF142588FF34F927" box="[151,251,1696,1722]" name="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" pageId="14" pageNumber="546">Svalbard</collectingCountry>
|
||||
it extends to Kola Peninsula, and further along the shores of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBBA76243173FFE7FC192588FC3BF927" box="[922,1012,1696,1722]" name="Norway" pageId="14" pageNumber="546">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||||
to the west across Greenland-Iceland-Faroe ridge to
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBBA76243173FFE7FEBD25ECFE79F943" box="[318,438,1732,1758]" name="Greenland" pageId="14" pageNumber="546">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, skirting eastern and northern shores of the latter. Also, if
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373173FFE7FBC525ECFB0AF943" authorityName=", Rapp" authorityYear="2015" box="[1094,1221,1732,1758]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="14" pageNumber="546" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="phillipsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63173FFE7FBC525ECFB0AF943" box="[1094,1221,1732,1758]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="546">G. phillipsi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373173FFE7FB7E25ECFA53F943" baseAuthorityName="Breitfuss" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[1277,1436,1732,1758]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="14" pageNumber="546" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="asconoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63173FFE7FB7E25ECFA53F943" box="[1277,1436,1732,1758]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="546">G. asconoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are not synonyms, they are sympatric species, whose distribution is overlapped along the Greenland-Iceland-Faroe ridge.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
442
data/2B/04/87/2B0487A23175FFE5FF142037FE7FFE80.xml
Normal file
442
data/2B/04/87/2B0487A23175FFE5FF142037FE7FFE80.xml
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,442 @@
|
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<mods:title id="062C22B74356E68EF30D9610AFDB38F6">On some Calcaronea (Porifera: Calcarea) from the Barents Sea and adjacent Polar Basin</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7EAAF29D96CB7FF0B79C7BDCBC475DAC">Morozov, Grigori</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6A770084AC45318B5EBF886FD807CAD8">Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia & Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9596D7D112C18C6DEC1D2013A9FBE30A">Strelkova, Natalia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F425DD81096F58E1E4EA2219DF8C3B70">Polar branch of VNIRO (« PINRO » named after N. M. Knipovich), Murmansk, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="2B0487A23175FFE5FF142037FE7FFE80" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B0487A23175FFE5FF142037FE7FFE80" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B0487A23175FFE5FF142037FE7FFE80" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="544" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">
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<subSubSection id="EBB7653F3175FFE1FF142037FDD6FCA5" box="[151,537,798,825]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="A31236B43175FFE1FF142037FDD6FCA5" blockId="8.[151,537,798,825]" box="[151,537,798,825]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">
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|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373175FFE1FF142037FDD6FCA5" ID-CoL="3H87F" authority="(Haeckel, 1872)" baseAuthorityName="Haeckel" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[151,537,798,825]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arctica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63175FFE1FF142037FDD6FCA5" bold="true" box="[151,537,798,825]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63175FFE1FF142037FE9FFCA4" bold="true" box="[151,336,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Grantia arctica</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453175FFE1FEDC2036FDDEFCA5" author="Haeckel, E." box="[351,529,798,824]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" refId="ref9568" refString="Haeckel, E. (1872) Die Kalkschwamme. Eine Monographie in zwei Banden Text und einem Atlas mit 60 Tafeln Abbildungen. Vols. I & II. Georg Reimer, Berlin, 484 pp. & 418 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11323" type="book" year="1872">Haeckel, 1872</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBB7653F3175FFE1FF14204EFBF2FC38" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43175FFE1FF14204EFBF2FC38" blockId="8.[151,1437,870,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63175FFE1FF14204EFE75FC1D" bold="true" box="[151,442,870,897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Synonyms and citations:</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373175FFE1FE43204FFCFBFC1C" authority="(Haeckel 1872)" baseAuthorityName="Haeckel" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[448,820,871,897]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Sycandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arctica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63175FFE1FE43204FFDB1FC1D" box="[448,638,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Sycandra arctica</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453175FFE1FD0F204FFCE3FC1C" author="Haeckel, E." box="[652,812,871,897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" refId="ref9568" refString="Haeckel, E. (1872) Die Kalkschwamme. Eine Monographie in zwei Banden Text und einem Atlas mit 60 Tafeln Abbildungen. Vols. I & II. Georg Reimer, Berlin, 484 pp. & 418 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11323" type="book" year="1872">Haeckel 1872</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373175FFE1FCBD204FFC37FC1D" baseAuthorityName="Lambe" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[830,1016,871,897]" class="Calcarea" family="Syconidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="protectum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63175FFE1FCBD204FFC37FC1D" box="[830,1016,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Sycon protectum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453175FFE1FB85204FFB59FC1C" author="Lambe, L. M." box="[1030,1174,871,897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" pagination="181 - 211" refId="ref10156" refString="Lambe, L. M. (1896) Sponges from the Atlantic coast of Canada. Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, 2 (2), 181 - 211." type="journal article" year="1896">Lambe 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453175FFE1FB22204FFB12FC1C" author="Lambe, L. M." box="[1185,1245,871,897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" pagination="19 - 49" refId="ref10190" refString="Lambe, L. M. (1900) Sponges from the coasts of north-eastern Canada and Greenland. Transactions of the royal Society of Canada, 6, 19 - 49." type="journal article" year="1900">1900</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373175FFE1FB6C204FFA53FC1D" baseAuthorityName="Haeckel" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[1263,1436,871,897]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arctica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63175FFE1FB6C204FFA53FC1D" box="[1263,1436,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Grantia arctica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Breitfuss 1898;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453175FFE1FED020A3FE01FC38" author="Rapp, H. T." box="[339,462,906,933]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" pagination="1395 - 1459" refId="ref10622" refString="Rapp, H. T. (2015) A monograph of the calcareous sponges (Porifera, Calcarea) of Greenland. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 95 (7), 1395 - 1459. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315413001070" type="journal article" year="2015">Rapp 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and references therein).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373175FFE1FD6020A3FBF6FC38" authority="(Burton 1963)" baseAuthorityName="Burton" baseAuthorityYear="1963" box="[739,1081,907,933]" class="Calcarea" family="Syconidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arcticum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63175FFE1FD6020A3FC5FFC39" box="[739,912,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Sycon arcticum</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453175FFE1FC1D20A3FBFFFC38" author="Burton, M." box="[926,1072,907,933]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" refId="ref8968" refString="Burton, M. (1963) A Revision of the Classification of the Calcareous Sponges. W. Clowes and Sons Ltd., London, 693 pp." type="book" year="1963">Burton 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBB7653F3175FFE1FF442086FD54FC70" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43175FFE1FF442086FD54FC70" blockId="8.[151,1437,870,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63175FFE1FF442086FE52FC54" bold="true" box="[199,413,942,969]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Previous records:</emphasis>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBBA76243175FFE1FE242087FDD3FC54" box="[423,540,943,969]" name="Greenland" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and Spitsbergen (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453175FFE1FD732087FC5BFC54" author="Haeckel, E." box="[752,916,943,969]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" refId="ref9568" refString="Haeckel, E. (1872) Die Kalkschwamme. Eine Monographie in zwei Banden Text und einem Atlas mit 60 Tafeln Abbildungen. Vols. I & II. Georg Reimer, Berlin, 484 pp. & 418 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11323" type="book" year="1872">Haeckel 1872</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), Baffin Bay and Davis Strait (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453175FFE1FA802087FA57FC54" author="Lambe, L. M." box="[1283,1432,943,969]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" pagination="181 - 211" refId="ref10156" refString="Lambe, L. M. (1896) Sponges from the Atlantic coast of Canada. Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, 2 (2), 181 - 211." type="journal article" year="1896">Lambe 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453175FFE1FF1420FBFF1CFC70" author="Lambe, L. M." box="[151,211,979,1005]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" pagination="19 - 49" refId="ref10190" refString="Lambe, L. M. (1900) Sponges from the coasts of north-eastern Canada and Greenland. Transactions of the royal Society of Canada, 6, 19 - 49." type="journal article" year="1900">1900</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), Kola Peninsula (Breitfuss 1898, 1911).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBB7653F3175FFE1FF4420DEFA55FBC4" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43175FFE1FF4420DEFB27FBA8" blockId="8.[151,1437,870,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63175FFE1FF4420DEFE7DFB8D" bold="true" box="[199,434,1014,1040]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Material examined:</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="13C53CE93175FFE1FE3B20DFFE14FBA8" collectingDate="1987-12-15" collectionCode="ZISP" latitude="68.4245" longitude="39.3997" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" specimenCode="ZISP 10188" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
Barents Sea, 2003 (
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C69950733175FFE1FD0C20DEFCCCFB8C" box="[655,771,1014,1041]" degrees="68.4245" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" precision="5" value="68.4245">68.4245N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C69950733175FFE1FC8E20DFFCB1FB8C" box="[781,894,1015,1041]" degrees="39.3997" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" precision="5" value="39.3997">39.3997E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<quantity id="64559B513175FFE1FC1320DFFC05FB8C" box="[912,970,1015,1041]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" unit="m" value="73.0">73 m</quantity>
|
||||
, temperature 4.48 °C, salinity 34.263 psu,
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5ABFD3D3175FFE1FF142733FED6FBA8" box="[151,281,1051,1077]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||||
, KFU-LH-2/036.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="13C53CE93175FFE1FE612733FB2BFBA8" box="[482,1252,1050,1077]" collectingDate="1987-12-15" collectionCode="ZISP" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" specimenCode="ZISP 10188" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
Barents Sea, Murman Coast,
|
||||
<date id="D71310743175FFE1FCA92732FC0CFBA8" box="[810,963,1050,1077]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" value="1987-12-15">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="C757E99C3175FFE1FCA92732FC0CFBA8" box="[810,963,1050,1077]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" value="1987-12-15">15 Dec. 1987</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5ABFD3D3175FFE1FC4D2733FB9FFBA8" box="[974,1104,1051,1077]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F30B9ECF3175FFE1FBD82733FB2BFBA8" box="[1115,1252,1051,1077]" collectionCode="ZISP" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">ZISP 10188</specimenCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43175FFE1FF442717FA55FBC4" blockId="8.[151,1437,870,1977]" box="[199,1434,1086,1113]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="13C53CE93175FFE1FF442717FA59FBC4" box="[199,1430,1086,1113]" collectingDate="1982-10-12" collectionCode="ZISP" collectorName="Pushkin" elevation="3" location="Franz Josef Land" municipality="Hayes Island" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" specimenCode="ZISP 10187" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<location id="A672606F3175FFE1FF442717FE45FBC4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B0487A23175FFE5FF142037FE7FFE80:A672606F3175FFE1FF442717FE45FBC4" box="[199,394,1087,1113]" municipality="Hayes Island" name="Franz Josef Land" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Franz Josef Land</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="4376ACCE3175FFE1FE152717FDE5FBC4" box="[406,554,1087,1113]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Hayes Island</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<quantity id="64559B513175FFE1FDB62717FDADFBC4" box="[565,610,1087,1113]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" unit="m" value="3.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="2880D1873175FFE1FDB62717FDADFBC4" box="[565,610,1087,1113]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="D71310743175FFE1FDED2717FCCCFBC4" box="[622,771,1087,1113]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" value="1982-10-12">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="C757E99C3175FFE1FDED2717FCCCFBC4" box="[622,771,1087,1113]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" value="1982-10-12">12 Oct. 1982</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, leg.
|
||||
<collectorName id="0E5853623175FFE1FCBD2717FC54FBC4" box="[830,923,1087,1113]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Pushkin</collectorName>
|
||||
, box corer (
|
||||
<quantity id="64559B513175FFE1FBA32717FBAEFBC4" box="[1056,1121,1087,1113]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" unit="m" value="0.1">
|
||||
<elevation id="2880D1873175FFE1FBA32717FBAEFBC4" box="[1056,1121,1087,1113]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" unit="m" value="0.1">0.1 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
<superScript id="54D89BFC3175FFE1FBE22716FBA6FBD1" attach="left" box="[1121,1129,1086,1100]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">2</superScript>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5ABFD3D3175FFE1FB032717FACDFBC4" box="[1152,1282,1087,1113]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F30B9ECF3175FFE1FA8E2717FA59FBC4" box="[1293,1430,1087,1113]" collectionCode="ZISP" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">ZISP 10187</specimenCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBB7653F3175FFE0FF44274AFCDBF807" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="541" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43175FFE1FF44274AFDA1FAAC" blockId="8.[151,1437,870,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63175FFE1FF44274AFE94FBE1" bold="true" box="[199,347,1122,1148]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Description:</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63175FFE1FEE1274BFD4AFBE1" box="[354,645,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Morphology and anatomy</emphasis>
|
||||
. Sponge egg shaped (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313175FFE1FCF8274BFC20FBE0" box="[891,1007,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1345,1369]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-23@9.[151,1436,181,1321]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Grantia arctica. A–B. Habitus of specimens KFU-LH-2/036 and ZISP 10187, respectively. C. Detail of the outer surface with incurrent canals visible at right intervals. D–E. Cross sections. Abbreviations: ic = cortical triactines arranged around the incurrent canal; dt = tufts of diactines in the distal end of choanocyte chambers; cs = cortex; ttr = tubar triactines within the walls of choanocyte chambers." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022865/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Fig 6A–B</figureCitation>
|
||||
), around
|
||||
<quantity id="64559B513175FFE1FBDA274AFB6AFBE0" box="[1113,1189,1122,1149]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" unit="cm" value="1.5">1.5 cm</quantity>
|
||||
height, broader in the middle, tapering toward the round base. Colour light yellow in alcohol. Single apical osculum surrounded by a very long fringe of diactines (up to
|
||||
<quantity id="64559B513175FFE1FE6E2782FDFDFB58" box="[493,562,1194,1221]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
). The surface is optically smooth, slightly shaggy to the touch. It is perforated with minute pores, openings of the incurrent canals, at right intervals, giving the surface a very characteristic pattern (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313175FFE1FF1C27DBFF3CFA90" box="[159,243,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1345,1369]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-23@9.[151,1436,181,1321]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Grantia arctica. A–B. Habitus of specimens KFU-LH-2/036 and ZISP 10187, respectively. C. Detail of the outer surface with incurrent canals visible at right intervals. D–E. Cross sections. Abbreviations: ic = cortical triactines arranged around the incurrent canal; dt = tufts of diactines in the distal end of choanocyte chambers; cs = cortex; ttr = tubar triactines within the walls of choanocyte chambers." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022865/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Fig 6C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Aquiferous system syconoid. Choanocyte chambers fused in their entire length. The distal end of each chamber decorated with tufts of diactines.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43175FFE1FF442613FC06FAE4" blockId="8.[151,1437,870,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63175FFE1FF442613FEE1FAC8" box="[199,302,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Skeleton.</emphasis>
|
||||
Atrial skeleton very thick and comprising sagittal tetractines arranged in several rows, with their basal actines lying tangentially and the apical actine projecting into the atrium.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43175FFE1FF4426ABFD4DFA5C" blockId="8.[151,1437,870,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">
|
||||
Tubar skeleton articulate, consisting of triactines arranged around choanocyte chambers, with their unpaired actines oriented toward the cortex (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313175FFE1FDA2268FFDBAFA5C" box="[545,629,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1345,1369]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-23@9.[151,1436,181,1321]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Grantia arctica. A–B. Habitus of specimens KFU-LH-2/036 and ZISP 10187, respectively. C. Detail of the outer surface with incurrent canals visible at right intervals. D–E. Cross sections. Abbreviations: ic = cortical triactines arranged around the incurrent canal; dt = tufts of diactines in the distal end of choanocyte chambers; cs = cortex; ttr = tubar triactines within the walls of choanocyte chambers." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022865/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Fig 6D</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43175FFE1FF4426E3FEA1F9CC" blockId="8.[151,1437,870,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">
|
||||
Cortical skeleton comprises sagittal triactines, with the unpaired actine bent at a 90
|
||||
<superScript id="54D89BFC3175FFE1FBEE26E3FBBAFA44" attach="left" box="[1133,1141,1483,1497]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">o</superScript>
|
||||
angle near its base. These spicules are found in groups arranged around the openings of the incurrent canals so that the bent unpaired actines are directed towards the centre of the opening (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313175FFE1FD2D253BFCCFF9B0" box="[686,768,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1345,1369]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-23@9.[151,1436,181,1321]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Grantia arctica. A–B. Habitus of specimens KFU-LH-2/036 and ZISP 10187, respectively. C. Detail of the outer surface with incurrent canals visible at right intervals. D–E. Cross sections. Abbreviations: ic = cortical triactines arranged around the incurrent canal; dt = tufts of diactines in the distal end of choanocyte chambers; cs = cortex; ttr = tubar triactines within the walls of choanocyte chambers." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022865/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Fig 6E</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Cortical tufts are composed of diactines and the unpaired actine of triactines.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43175FFE1FF442573FAA6F9E8" blockId="8.[151,1437,870,1977]" box="[199,1385,1627,1653]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Diactines are not found exclusively in the cortex, but obliquely cross one-third to half of the choanosome.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43175FFE1FF442557FB81F904" blockId="8.[151,1437,870,1977]" box="[199,1102,1663,1689]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Trichoxeas and small diactines are found scattered through the surface of cortex.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43175FFE1FF44258BFCADF97C" blockId="8.[151,1437,870,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63175FFE1FF44258BFEEBF920" box="[199,292,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Spicules</emphasis>
|
||||
from the main body. Cortical diactines, small, with one lanceolated tip and another sharply pointed (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313175FFE1FF1C25EFFED3F97C" box="[159,284,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[151,1436,181,1891]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Grantia arctica, spicules from the main body. A–A1. Cortical diactines small, lanceolated. B. Cortical diactines large. C. Trichoxea. D. Subatrial triactines. E–F. Tubar triactines. G–G1. Cortical triactines. H. Atrial tetractine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022867/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Figs 7A–A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313175FFE1FE9F25F1FEEBF97A" box="[284,292,1753,1767]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1340,1364]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,188,1309]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[151,1436,181,1316]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of sampling locations in the Barents Sea and adjacent areas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022855/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">
|
||||
<subScript id="3F2934F13175FFE1FE9F25F1FEEBF97A" attach="left" box="[284,292,1753,1767]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">1</subScript>
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Size: 165–200.9–252.2 × 2.5–4–4.8 µm (n = 20).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43175FFE1FF4425C3FD41F8B4" blockId="8.[151,1437,870,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">
|
||||
Cortical diactines large, with one tip fusiform and slightly rounded, and the other sharply pointed (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313175FFE1FA8225C3FA9DF898" box="[1281,1362,1771,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[151,1436,181,1891]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Grantia arctica, spicules from the main body. A–A1. Cortical diactines small, lanceolated. B. Cortical diactines large. C. Trichoxea. D. Subatrial triactines. E–F. Tubar triactines. G–G1. Cortical triactines. H. Atrial tetractine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022867/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Fig 7B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Size: 296–2000 8–20.8 µm (n = 10), often broken.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43175FFE1FF44241BFB54F8D0" blockId="8.[151,1437,870,1977]" box="[199,1179,1843,1869]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">
|
||||
Cortical trichoxeas (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313175FFE1FE29241BFE33F8D0" box="[426,508,1843,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[151,1436,181,1891]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Grantia arctica, spicules from the main body. A–A1. Cortical diactines small, lanceolated. B. Cortical diactines large. C. Trichoxea. D. Subatrial triactines. E–F. Tubar triactines. G–G1. Cortical triactines. H. Atrial tetractine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022867/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Fig 7C</figureCitation>
|
||||
), quite long, up to 700 × 2 µm, maybe longer, often broken.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43175FFE1FF44247FFE76F824" blockId="8.[151,1437,870,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">
|
||||
Subatrial and tubar triactines with stout, conical, sometimes slightly sinuous actines, varying from ‘
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63175FFE1FA95247FFAE9F8ED" box="[1302,1318,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">T</emphasis>
|
||||
-’ (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313175FFE1FAC7247FFA5AF8EC" box="[1348,1429,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[151,1436,181,1891]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Grantia arctica, spicules from the main body. A–A1. Cortical diactines small, lanceolated. B. Cortical diactines large. C. Trichoxea. D. Subatrial triactines. E–F. Tubar triactines. G–G1. Cortical triactines. H. Atrial tetractine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022867/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Fig 7D</figureCitation>
|
||||
) to ‘
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63175FFE1FF3D2453FEEBF808" box="[190,292,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Y-shaped</emphasis>
|
||||
’ (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313175FFE1FEB82453FE7AF808" box="[315,437,1915,1941]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[151,1436,181,1891]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Grantia arctica, spicules from the main body. A–A1. Cortical diactines small, lanceolated. B. Cortical diactines large. C. Trichoxea. D. Subatrial triactines. E–F. Tubar triactines. G–G1. Cortical triactines. H. Atrial tetractine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022867/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Figs 7E, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Size: paired—64.8–102–134.4 × 9.35–13–16.5 µm (n = 50), unpaired—74–151–248 × 6.5–12–15.5 µm (n = 50).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="F7D2663C3174FFE0FF142669FDF2FA58" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022865" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14022865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022865/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="541" startId="9.[151,250,1345,1369]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1321]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43174FFE0FF142669FDF2FA58" blockId="9.[151,1437,1345,1477]" pageId="9" pageNumber="541">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63174FFE0FF142669FEDCFAC4" bold="true" box="[151,275,1345,1369]" pageId="9" pageNumber="541">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373174FFE0FE99266AFE77FAC4" baseAuthorityName="Haeckel" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[282,440,1346,1369]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="9" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arctica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63174FFE0FE99266AFE77FAC4" box="[282,440,1346,1369]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="541">Grantia arctica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63174FFE0FE462669FE33FAC4" bold="true" box="[453,508,1345,1369]" pageId="9" pageNumber="541">A–B.</emphasis>
|
||||
Habitus of specimens KFU-LH-2/036 and ZISP 10187, respectively.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63174FFE0FB412669FB14FAC4" bold="true" box="[1218,1243,1345,1369]" pageId="9" pageNumber="541">C.</emphasis>
|
||||
Detail of the outer surface with incurrent canals visible at right intervals.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63174FFE0FD57264EFCC4FAE3" bold="true" box="[724,779,1382,1406]" pageId="9" pageNumber="541">D–E.</emphasis>
|
||||
Cross sections. Abbreviations: ic = cortical triactines arranged around the incurrent canal; dt = tufts of diactines in the distal end of choanocyte chambers; cs = cortex; ttr = tubar triactines within the walls of choanocyte chambers.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43174FFE0FF442530FB6FF9CB" blockId="9.[151,1437,1560,1946]" pageId="9" pageNumber="541">
|
||||
Cortical triactines sagittal, with straight, sharply pointed paired actines, and unpaired actine often bent at 90 degrees angle near the base (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313174FFE0FE5B2514FD9AF9CB" box="[472,597,1596,1622]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[151,1436,181,1891]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Grantia arctica, spicules from the main body. A–A1. Cortical diactines small, lanceolated. B. Cortical diactines large. C. Trichoxea. D. Subatrial triactines. E–F. Tubar triactines. G–G1. Cortical triactines. H. Atrial tetractine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022867/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="541">Figs 7G–G</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313174FFE0FDD62566FD92F9C1" box="[597,605,1614,1628]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1340,1364]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,188,1309]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[151,1436,181,1316]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of sampling locations in the Barents Sea and adjacent areas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022855/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="541">
|
||||
<subScript id="3F2934F13174FFE0FDD62566FD92F9C1" attach="left" box="[597,605,1614,1628]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="541">1</subScript>
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Size: 74.9–93–114.3 × 7.8–9.7–11.8 µm (n = 30).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43174FFE0FF442548FA58F95F" blockId="9.[151,1437,1560,1946]" pageId="9" pageNumber="541">
|
||||
Atrial tetractines sagittal (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313174FFE0FE6E2548FD8FF9E7" box="[493,576,1632,1658]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[151,1436,181,1891]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Grantia arctica, spicules from the main body. A–A1. Cortical diactines small, lanceolated. B. Cortical diactines large. C. Trichoxea. D. Subatrial triactines. E–F. Tubar triactines. G–G1. Cortical triactines. H. Atrial tetractine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022867/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="541">Fig 7H</figureCitation>
|
||||
) with undulating paired actines, often having rounded tips. Unpaired actine straight, short-pointed. Apical actine stocky, cone-shaped. Size: paired—109.3–164–266 × 7–10.9–15.5 µm (n = 30), unpaired—96.6–217–301 × 7.2–11.8–15.5 µm (n = 30), apical—56.8–102–150 × 9.7–14.5–20.1 µm (n = 15).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43174FFE0FF4425E4FB00F897" blockId="9.[151,1437,1560,1946]" pageId="9" pageNumber="541">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63174FFE0FF4425E4FEEBF97B" box="[199,292,1740,1766]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="541">Spicules</emphasis>
|
||||
from the fringe. Diactines very long, up to
|
||||
<quantity id="64559B513174FFE0FCA125E3FCA9F97B" box="[802,870,1739,1766]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="541" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
length and 8.5–15.5 µm thick, with one sharplypointed tip and the other lanceolated. Short spines present near the lanceolated tip (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313174FFE0FBBA25D8FB78F897" box="[1081,1207,1776,1802]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1057,1081]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,181,1033]" captionTargetId="figure-23@11.[157,1429,181,1033]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Grantia arctica, spicules from the fringe. A. Triactine with unproportionally large paired actines. B–C. Triactines regular. D–D3. Diactines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022871/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="541">Figs 8D–D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313174FFE0FB35242AFB71F88D" box="[1206,1214,1794,1808]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1791,1815]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1767]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[151,1436,181,1767]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Sycandra rappi Morozov sp. nov. A. Holotype specimen KFU-LH-2/022, habitus. B–B1. Atrial diactines. C. Distal cone diactines. D. Trichoxea. E. Subatrial triactine. F. Tubar triactine. G–G1. Atrial tetractines. G2. Apical actine of the tetractine. Abbreviations: p = paired actine; u = unpaired actine; a = apical actine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022859/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="541">
|
||||
<subScript id="3F2934F13174FFE0FB35242AFB71F88D" attach="left" box="[1206,1214,1794,1808]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="541">3</subScript>
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43174FFE0FF44243CFCDBF807" blockId="9.[151,1437,1560,1946]" pageId="9" pageNumber="541">
|
||||
Triactines sagittal of two different kinds. Triactines small with unproportionally large paired actines (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313174FFE0FAB8243CFA40F8B3" box="[1339,1423,1812,1838]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1057,1081]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,181,1033]" captionTargetId="figure-23@11.[157,1429,181,1033]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Grantia arctica, spicules from the fringe. A. Triactine with unproportionally large paired actines. B–C. Triactines regular. D–D3. Diactines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022871/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="541">Fig 8A</figureCitation>
|
||||
), and short, slender unpaired actine. Size: paired—121–278–462 × 3.9–6.5–9.3 µm (n = 20); unpaired 72.8–130–261 × 2–3.7–5.4 µm (n = 20). Triactines large, regular (figs. 8B–C). Size: paired—144–212–339 × 9–11–13.5 µm (n = 10); unpaired—47–188–284 × 8.2–12–14.9 µm (n = 10).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="F7D2663C3177FFE3FF142453FACCF82A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022867" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14022867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022867/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="542" startId="10.[151,250,1915,1939]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1891]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43177FFE3FF142453FACCF82A" blockId="10.[151,1436,1915,1981]" pageId="10" pageNumber="542">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63177FFE3FF142453FEDAF80E" bold="true" box="[151,277,1915,1939]" pageId="10" pageNumber="542">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373177FFE3FE9E2453FE73F80E" baseAuthorityName="Haeckel" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[285,444,1915,1939]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="10" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arctica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63177FFE3FE9E2453FE73F80E" box="[285,444,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="542">Grantia arctica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, spicules from the main body.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63177FFE3FD7C2453FCF1F80E" bold="true" box="[767,830,1915,1945]" pageId="10" pageNumber="542">
|
||||
A–A
|
||||
<subScript id="3F2934F13177FFE3FCB324A3FCF8F804" attach="left" box="[816,823,1931,1945]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="542">1</subScript>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Cortical diactines small, lanceolated.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63177FFE3FB4A2453FB2FF80E" bold="true" box="[1225,1248,1915,1939]" pageId="10" pageNumber="542">B.</emphasis>
|
||||
Cortical diactines large.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63177FFE3FF5524B7FF21F82A" bold="true" box="[214,238,1951,1975]" pageId="10" pageNumber="542">C.</emphasis>
|
||||
Trichoxea.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63177FFE3FEE424B7FE4FF82A" bold="true" box="[359,384,1951,1975]" pageId="10" pageNumber="542">D.</emphasis>
|
||||
Subatrial triactines.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63177FFE3FDD224B7FD4DF82A" bold="true" box="[593,642,1951,1975]" pageId="10" pageNumber="542">E–F.</emphasis>
|
||||
Tubar triactines.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63177FFE3FCB724B7FCBAF82A" bold="true" box="[820,885,1951,1981]" pageId="10" pageNumber="542">
|
||||
G–G
|
||||
<subScript id="3F2934F13177FFE3FCEB2487FCA0F820" attach="right" box="[872,879,1967,1981]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="542">1</subScript>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Cortical triactines.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63177FFE3FBBE24B7FB98F82A" bold="true" box="[1085,1111,1951,1975]" pageId="10" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||||
Atrial tetractine.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="F7D2663C3176FFE2FF142709FE58FBC0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022871" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14022871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022871/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" startId="11.[151,250,1057,1081]" targetBox="[157,1429,181,1033]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43176FFE2FF142709FE58FBC0" blockId="11.[151,1436,1057,1123]" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63176FFE2FF142709FEDCFBA4" bold="true" box="[151,275,1057,1081]" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373176FFE2FE99270AFE77FBA4" baseAuthorityName="Haeckel" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[282,440,1058,1081]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arctica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63176FFE2FE99270AFE77FBA4" box="[282,440,1058,1081]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">Grantia arctica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, spicules from the fringe.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63176FFE2FD472709FD12FBA4" bold="true" box="[708,733,1057,1081]" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">A.</emphasis>
|
||||
Triactine with unproportionally large paired actines.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63176FFE2FB782709FAFDFBA4" bold="true" box="[1275,1330,1057,1081]" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">B–C.</emphasis>
|
||||
Triactines regular.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63176FFE2FF69276EFEE6FBC3" bold="true" box="[234,297,1094,1123]" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">
|
||||
D–D
|
||||
<subScript id="3F2934F13176FFE2FE98277DFEEDFBFE" attach="left" box="[283,290,1109,1123]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">3</subScript>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Diactines.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBB7653F3176FFE5FF442798FE7FFE80" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="544" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43176FFE2FF442798FDBAFAAB" blockId="11.[151,1437,1200,2024]" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63176FFE2FF442798FEF2FB57" bold="true" box="[199,317,1200,1226]" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373176FFE2FEC62798FD7FFB57" authority="(Lambe, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Lambe" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[325,688,1200,1226]" class="Calcarea" family="Syconidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="protectum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63176FFE2FEC62798FDCFFB54" box="[325,512,1200,1226]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">Sycon protectum</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453176FFE2FD8C2798FD66FB57" author="Lambe, L. M." box="[527,681,1200,1226]" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" pagination="181 - 211" refId="ref10156" refString="Lambe, L. M. (1896) Sponges from the Atlantic coast of Canada. Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, 2 (2), 181 - 211." type="journal article" year="1896">Lambe, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, a species widely distributed in Canadian waters with a “
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63176FFE2FAB72798FE7DFB73" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">grantioid condition of the skeleton</emphasis>
|
||||
” (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453176FFE2FE5327FCFDABFB73" author="Burton, M." box="[464,612,1236,1262]" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" refId="ref8968" refString="Burton, M. (1963) A Revision of the Classification of the Calcareous Sponges. W. Clowes and Sons Ltd., London, 693 pp." type="book" year="1963">Burton 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, p. 414), has been proven to be a junior synonym of the Arctic sponge
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373176FFE2FF1427D0FDCFFA8F" authority="(Haeckel, 1872)" baseAuthorityName="Haeckel" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[151,512,1272,1298]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arctica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63176FFE2FF1427D0FE8BFA8C" box="[151,324,1272,1298]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">Grantia arctica</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453176FFE2FED127D0FE37FA8F" author="Haeckel, E." box="[338,504,1272,1298]" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" refId="ref9568" refString="Haeckel, E. (1872) Die Kalkschwamme. Eine Monographie in zwei Banden Text und einem Atlas mit 60 Tafeln Abbildungen. Vols. I & II. Georg Reimer, Berlin, 484 pp. & 418 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11323" type="book" year="1872">Haeckel, 1872</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, as recently shown by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453176FFE2FD7A27D0FC48FA8F" author="Rapp, H. T." box="[761,903,1271,1298]" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" pagination="1395 - 1459" refId="ref10622" refString="Rapp, H. T. (2015) A monograph of the calcareous sponges (Porifera, Calcarea) of Greenland. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 95 (7), 1395 - 1459. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315413001070" type="journal article" year="2015">Rapp (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, who analysed samples from around
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBBA76243176FFE2FAA227D0FA56FA8F" box="[1313,1433,1272,1298]" name="Greenland" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, including a
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C1688163176FFE2FE982634FE84FAAB" box="[283,331,1308,1334]" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimen of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373176FFE2FE612634FDA1FAA8" baseAuthorityName="Lambe" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[482,622,1308,1334]" class="Calcarea" family="Syconidae" genus="Sycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="protectum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63176FFE2FE612634FDA1FAA8" box="[482,622,1308,1334]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">S. protectum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43176FFE2FF442668FF1FFA77" blockId="11.[151,1437,1200,2024]" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373176FFE2FF442668FEBAFAC4" baseAuthorityName="Haeckel" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[199,373,1344,1370]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arctica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63176FFE2FF442668FEBAFAC4" box="[199,373,1344,1370]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">Grantia arctica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is an egg-shaped sponge, attached by its broadly rounded base and with a large osculum at the upper end surmounted by a fringe of long diactines. This species has a very rough surface owing to the prominent large spicules of the cortex. This latter feature was repeatedly stressed by other Arctic spongiologists (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453176FFE2FB7C26A0FA58FA3F" author="Fristedt, K." box="[1279,1431,1416,1442]" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" pagination="401 - 471" refId="ref9530" refString="Fristedt, K. (1887) Sponges from the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans and the Behring Sea. Vega-Expeditionens Vetenskap. Iakttagelser, Nordenskiold, 4, 401 - 471, pls. 22 - 31." type="journal article" year="1887">Fristedt 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453176FFE2FF142684FEF0FA5B" author="Levinsen, G. M. R." box="[151,319,1452,1478]" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" pagination="339 - 372" refId="ref10308" refString="Levinsen, G. M. R. (1887) Kara-Havets Svampe (Porifera). Dijmphna-Togtets zoologisk-botaniske Udbytte, 1, 339 - 372." type="journal article" year="1887">Levinsen 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453176FFE2FEC82684FE15FA5B" author="Lambe, L. M." box="[331,474,1452,1478]" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" pagination="181 - 211" refId="ref10156" refString="Lambe, L. M. (1896) Sponges from the Atlantic coast of Canada. Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, 2 (2), 181 - 211." type="journal article" year="1896">Lambe 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453176FFE2FE662684FDEFFA5B" author="Lambe, L. M." box="[485,544,1452,1478]" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" pagination="19 - 49" refId="ref10190" refString="Lambe, L. M. (1900) Sponges from the coasts of north-eastern Canada and Greenland. Transactions of the royal Society of Canada, 6, 19 - 49." type="journal article" year="1900">1900</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453176FFE2FDA82684FD12FA5B" author="Breitfuss, L. L." box="[555,733,1452,1478]" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref8745" refString="Breitfuss, L. L. (1898 a) Kalkschwammfauna des weissen Meeres und der Eismeerskusten des europaischen Russlands. Memoires de l'Academie Imperiale des sciences de St. Petersbourg, VIII Serie, 6 (2), 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="1898">Breitfuss 1898a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and is clearly seen in the figures provided by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453176FFE2FB652684FAA3FA5B" author="Rapp, H. T." box="[1254,1388,1451,1478]" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" pagination="1395 - 1459" refId="ref10622" refString="Rapp, H. T. (2015) A monograph of the calcareous sponges (Porifera, Calcarea) of Greenland. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 95 (7), 1395 - 1459. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315413001070" type="journal article" year="2015">Rapp (2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, Fig 31a).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43176FFE2FF4426DCFE19F897" blockId="11.[151,1437,1200,2024]" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">
|
||||
Our specimens bear many characters in common with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373176FFE2FC9926DCFC47F990" baseAuthorityName="Haeckel" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[794,904,1524,1550]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arctica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63176FFE2FC9926DCFC47F990" box="[794,904,1524,1550]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">G. arctica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
when it comes to spicules and skeletal structure. However, our samples, both from Kola peninsula and Franz Josef Land, differ in overall appearance: dermal diactines are much shorter and do not protrude far beyond the cortex; as a result, the outer surface seems to be smooth (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313176FFE2FAE82514FF12F9E7" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1345,1369]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-23@9.[151,1436,181,1321]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Grantia arctica. A–B. Habitus of specimens KFU-LH-2/036 and ZISP 10187, respectively. C. Detail of the outer surface with incurrent canals visible at right intervals. D–E. Cross sections. Abbreviations: ic = cortical triactines arranged around the incurrent canal; dt = tufts of diactines in the distal end of choanocyte chambers; cs = cortex; ttr = tubar triactines within the walls of choanocyte chambers." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022865/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">Figs 6A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Another clear difference is the presence of
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5ABFD3D3176FFE2FD562548FC8DF9E7" box="[725,834,1632,1658]" count="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
|
||||
of cortical diactines in our specimens: long, fusiform diactines with two slightly different tips (388–2000 × 8–20 µm), and small diactines with one lanceolated tip and the other sharply pointed (165–252.2 × 4 µm). In
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63176FFE2FD582580FC9BF95C" box="[731,852,1704,1730]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373176FFE2FD582580FC9FF95C" baseAuthorityName="Haeckel" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[731,848,1704,1730]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arctica">G. arctica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
on the contrary, cortical diactines are distinctively larger and of
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5ABFD3D3176FFE2FEB125E4FE5CF97B" box="[306,403,1740,1766]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" type="generic" typeStatus="type">one type</specimenCount>
|
||||
only, 1450–3200 × 19 µm (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453176FFE2FD5425E4FC95F97B" author="Rapp, H. T." box="[727,858,1739,1766]" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" pagination="1395 - 1459" refId="ref10622" refString="Rapp, H. T. (2015) A monograph of the calcareous sponges (Porifera, Calcarea) of Greenland. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 95 (7), 1395 - 1459. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315413001070" type="journal article" year="2015">Rapp 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). However, small lanceolated diactines might have been previously overlooked.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43176FFE2FF44243CFBE1F8EB" blockId="11.[151,1437,1200,2024]" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">
|
||||
Atrial tetractines in
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63176FFE2FE2C243CFDA6F8B0" box="[431,617,1812,1838]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373176FFE2FE2C243CFDEEF8B0" baseAuthorityName="Haeckel" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[431,545,1812,1838]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arctica">G. arctica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8AEA57DD3176FFE2FDA8243CFDA6F8B0" box="[555,617,1812,1837]" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
have very short, almost reduced, stout and cone-shaped apical actines, 12–27 × 8.5 µm; paired actines are straight. In our specimens the apical actine is much larger, 56.8–102–150 × 9.7–14.5–20.1 µm and paired actines are slightly, but characteristically undulated.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43176FFE5FF4424A8FC93FF48" blockId="11.[151,1437,1200,2024]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1436,151,285]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="544" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">
|
||||
From Rapp’s description of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373176FFE2FD8124A8FDBCF804" baseAuthorityName="Haeckel" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[514,627,1920,1946]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arctica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63176FFE2FD8124A8FDBCF804" box="[514,627,1920,1946]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">G. arctica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, it is obvious that he did not examine the composition of spicules of the oscular fringe in detail. The long oscular fringe diactines of our specimens bear small spines near the lanceolated tip (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313176FFE2FF1C24E0FF39F87F" box="[159,246,1992,2018]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1057,1081]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,181,1033]" captionTargetId="figure-23@11.[157,1429,181,1033]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Grantia arctica, spicules from the fringe. A. Triactine with unproportionally large paired actines. B–C. Triactines regular. D–D3. Diactines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022871/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313176FFE2FF7524F2FEEEF87F" box="[246,289,1992,2024]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1201,1225]" captionTargetBox="[246,1344,674,1177]" captionTargetId="figure-194@3.[244,1344,669,1177]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Sycandra rappi Morozov sp. nov. Schematic diagram of skeleton organization.Abbreviations: ab = bundle of small atrial diactines, supported by apical actine of the tetractine at the base; as = atrial skeleton; ss = subatrial skeleton; ts = tubar skeleton; dc = skeleton of distal cones." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022857" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022857/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">
|
||||
<subScript id="3F2934F13176FFE2FF7524F2FF31F875" attach="left" box="[246,254,2010,2024]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">2</subScript>
|
||||
–D
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313176FFE2FEA324F2FEE7F875" box="[288,296,2010,2024]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1791,1815]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1767]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[151,1436,181,1767]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Sycandra rappi Morozov sp. nov. A. Holotype specimen KFU-LH-2/022, habitus. B–B1. Atrial diactines. C. Distal cone diactines. D. Trichoxea. E. Subatrial triactine. F. Tubar triactine. G–G1. Atrial tetractines. G2. Apical actine of the tetractine. Abbreviations: p = paired actine; u = unpaired actine; a = apical actine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022859/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">
|
||||
<subScript id="3F2934F13176FFE2FEA324F2FEE7F875" attach="left" box="[288,296,2010,2024]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">3</subScript>
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
). These spines are only barely visible under a light microscope and might have been overlooked in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373176FFE5FA0224E0FF2AFF2D" baseAuthorityName="Haeckel" baseAuthorityYear="1872" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="544" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arctica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63176FFE5FA0224E0FF2AFF2D" italics="true" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="544" pageId="11" pageNumber="543">G. arctica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8AEA57DD3171FFE5FF6E23BFFEE4FF2C" box="[237,299,151,177]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" sensu="stricto">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63171FFE5FF6E23BFFEEBFF2D" box="[237,292,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">s. str</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
Finally, we found additional spicule
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C1688163171FFE5FD4F23BFFCC8FF2C" box="[716,775,151,177]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">types</typeStatus>
|
||||
in the oscular fringe: triactines with unproportionally long paired actines (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313171FFE5FEC22393FE5DFF48" box="[321,402,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1057,1081]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,181,1033]" captionTargetId="figure-23@11.[157,1429,181,1033]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Grantia arctica, spicules from the fringe. A. Triactine with unproportionally large paired actines. B–C. Triactines regular. D–D3. Diactines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022871/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Fig 8A</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and large sagittal triactines (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313171FFE5FD5F2393FC80FF48" box="[732,847,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1057,1081]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,181,1033]" captionTargetId="figure-23@11.[157,1429,181,1033]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Grantia arctica, spicules from the fringe. A. Triactine with unproportionally large paired actines. B–C. Triactines regular. D–D3. Diactines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022871/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">Fig 8B, C</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43171FFE5FF4423F7FE7FFE80" blockId="12.[151,1436,151,285]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">
|
||||
The aforementioned differences can hardly confirm that our samples comprise a new species, unless the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C1688163171FFE5FAB923F7FA53FF64" box="[1338,1436,223,249]" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373171FFE5FF35222BFEE9FE81" baseAuthorityName="Haeckel" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[182,294,259,285]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="12" pageNumber="544" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arctica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63171FFE5FF35222BFEE9FE81" box="[182,294,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="544">G. arctica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is analysed.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
345
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345
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|
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@ -0,0 +1,345 @@
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<taxonomicName id="64AD4D37317BFFEFFF1422D6FD85FD85" ID-CoL="53LJN" authority="(Schmidt, 1869)" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[151,586,510,537]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Sycandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="utriculus">
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<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317BFFEFFF1422D6FEB1FD84" bold="true" box="[151,382,510,537]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Sycandra utriculus</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B45317BFFEFFE0E22D6FD8DFD85" author="Schmidt, O." box="[397,578,510,536]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" pagination="89 - 97" refId="ref11092" refString="Schmidt, O. (1869) Vorlaufige Mittheilungen uber die Spongien der Gronlandischen Kuste. Mittheilungen des Naturwissesnchaftlichen Vereines fur Steiermark, 6, 89 - 97." type="journal article" year="1869">Schmidt, 1869</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBB7653F317BFFEFFF142168FDB1FDE3" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B4317BFFEFFF142168FDB1FDE3" blockId="6.[151,1437,576,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317BFFEFFF142168FE0EFDC7" bold="true" box="[151,449,576,602]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Synonyms and citations:</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D37317BFFEFFE482168FD6DFDC7" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[459,674,576,602]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Sycandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="utriculus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317BFFEFFE482168FD6DFDC7" box="[459,674,576,602]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Sycandra utriculus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B45317BFFEFFD302168FC9AFDC7" author="Haeckel, E." box="[691,853,576,602]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" refId="ref9568" refString="Haeckel, E. (1872) Die Kalkschwamme. Eine Monographie in zwei Banden Text und einem Atlas mit 60 Tafeln Abbildungen. Vols. I & II. Georg Reimer, Berlin, 484 pp. & 418 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11323" type="book" year="1872">Haeckel 1872</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B45317BFFEFFCE02168FC31FDC7" author="Fristedt, K." box="[867,1022,576,602]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" pagination="401 - 471" refId="ref9530" refString="Fristedt, K. (1887) Sponges from the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans and the Behring Sea. Vega-Expeditionens Vetenskap. Iakttagelser, Nordenskiold, 4, 401 - 471, pls. 22 - 31." type="journal article" year="1887">Fristedt 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B45317BFFEFFB8F2169FB51FDC7" author="Burton, M." box="[1036,1182,576,603]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" refId="ref8968" refString="Burton, M. (1963) A Revision of the Classification of the Calcareous Sponges. W. Clowes and Sons Ltd., London, 693 pp." type="book" year="1963">Burton 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B45317BFFEFFB2E2169FAE0FDC6" author="Rapp, H. T." box="[1197,1327,576,603]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" pagination="1395 - 1459" refId="ref10622" refString="Rapp, H. T. (2015) A monograph of the calcareous sponges (Porifera, Calcarea) of Greenland. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 95 (7), 1395 - 1459. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315413001070" type="journal article" year="2015">Rapp 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D37317BFFEFFAC72168FF34FDE3" authorityName="sensu Rapp" authorityYear="2015" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="utriculus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317BFFEFFAC72168FF34FDE3" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Grantia utriculus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Breitfuss 1898;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B45317BFFEFFE3D214CFDBEFDE3" author="Lundbeck, W." box="[446,625,612,638]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" pagination="423 - 464" refId="ref10399" refString="Lundbeck, W. (1909) The Porifera of East Greenland. Meddelelser om GrOnland, 29, 423 - 464." type="journal article" year="1909">Lundbeck 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBB7653F317BFFEFFF4421A0FAB4FD5B" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B4317BFFEFFF4421A0FAB4FD5B" blockId="6.[151,1437,576,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317BFFEFFF4421A0FE56FD3F" bold="true" box="[199,409,648,674]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Previous records:</emphasis>
|
||||
West
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBBA7624317BFFEFFE5D21A0FD9CFD3F" box="[478,595,648,674]" name="Greenland" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B45317BFFEFFDE221A0FCCDFD3F" author="Schmidt, O." box="[609,770,648,674]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" pagination="89 - 97" refId="ref11092" refString="Schmidt, O. (1869) Vorlaufige Mittheilungen uber die Spongien der Gronlandischen Kuste. Mittheilungen des Naturwissesnchaftlichen Vereines fur Steiermark, 6, 89 - 97." type="journal article" year="1869">Schmidt 1869</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B45317BFFEFFC8D21A0FC63FD3F" author="Haeckel, E." box="[782,940,648,674]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" refId="ref9568" refString="Haeckel, E. (1872) Die Kalkschwamme. Eine Monographie in zwei Banden Text und einem Atlas mit 60 Tafeln Abbildungen. Vols. I & II. Georg Reimer, Berlin, 484 pp. & 418 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11323" type="book" year="1872">Haeckel 1872</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), East
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBBA7624317BFFEFFC7421A0FBA3FD3F" box="[1015,1132,648,674]" name="Greenland" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBBA7624317BFFEFFB2121A1FAD3FD3E" box="[1186,1308,649,675]" name="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Jan Mayen</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B45317BFFEFFAA921A0FF1CFD5B" author="Lundbeck, W." pageId="6" pageNumber="538" pagination="423 - 464" refId="ref10399" refString="Lundbeck, W. (1909) The Porifera of East Greenland. Meddelelser om GrOnland, 29, 423 - 464." type="journal article" year="1909">Lundbeck 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), southern Barents Sea (Breitfuss 1898, 1911),
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="DBBA7624317BFFEFFD672184FC87FD5B" box="[740,840,684,710]" name="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Svalbard</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and Novaya Zemlya archipelagos (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B45317BFFEFFB572184FAA0FD5B" author="Fristedt, K." box="[1236,1391,684,710]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" pagination="401 - 471" refId="ref9530" refString="Fristedt, K. (1887) Sponges from the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans and the Behring Sea. Vega-Expeditionens Vetenskap. Iakttagelser, Nordenskiold, 4, 401 - 471, pls. 22 - 31." type="journal article" year="1887">Fristedt 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBB7653F317BFFEFFF4421F8FA80FCCB" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B4317BFFEFFF4421F8FA80FCCB" blockId="6.[151,1437,576,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317BFFEFFF4421F8FE7BFD77" bold="true" box="[199,436,720,746]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Material examined:</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="13C53CE9317BFFEFFE3821F8FC05FC93" collectingDate="1996-09-02" collectionCode="ZISP" collectorName="A. Voronkov" elevation="5" latitude="79.1" longLatPrecision="5556" longitude="11.13" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" specimenCode="ZISP 13317" specimenCount="2">
|
||||
Spitsbergen, Kongsfjorden, Kapp Mitra, st. 9 (
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C6995073317BFFEFFC4521F8FBDFFD77" box="[966,1040,720,746]" degrees="79.1" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" precision="5555" value="79.1">79.1N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C6995073317BFFEFFB9F21F8FBA1FD77" box="[1052,1134,720,746]" degrees="11.13" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" precision="555" value="11.13">11.13E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<quantity id="64559B51317BFFEFFB0021F8FB7FFD76" box="[1155,1200,720,747]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" unit="m" value="5.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="2880D187317BFFEFFB0021F8FB7FFD76" box="[1155,1200,720,747]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="D7131074317BFFEFFB3E21F8FA89FD77" box="[1213,1350,720,746]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" value="1996-09-02">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="C757E99C317BFFEFFB3E21F8FA89FD77" box="[1213,1350,720,746]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" value="1996-09-02">2 Sep. 1996</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, leg.
|
||||
<collectorName id="0E585362317BFFEFFA0221F8FEC9FC93" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">A. Voronkov</collectorName>
|
||||
, diving collection (frame + pump),
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5ABFD3D317BFFEFFD2021DCFCFDFC93" box="[675,818,756,782]" count="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F30B9ECF317BFFEFFCBC21DCFC05FC93" box="[831,970,756,782]" collectionCode="ZISP" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">ZISP 13317</specimenCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="13C53CE9317BFFEFFC5B21DDFB3BFCAF" collectingDate="1998-08-28" collectionCode="ZISP" collectorName="A. Voronkov" elevation="5" latitude="79.03" longLatPrecision="565" longitude="11.62" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" specimenCode="ZISP 13318" specimenCount="2">
|
||||
Kapp Guissez, st. 47 (
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C6995073317BFFEFFB5B21DCFAE0FC93" box="[1240,1327,756,782]" degrees="79.03" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" precision="555" value="79.03">79.03N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C6995073317BFFEFFABE21DCFA5FFC93" box="[1341,1424,756,782]" degrees="11.62" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" precision="555" value="11.62">11.62E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<quantity id="64559B51317BFFEFFF142030FF0AFCAE" box="[151,197,792,819]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" unit="m" value="5.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="2880D187317BFFEFFF142030FF0AFCAE" box="[151,197,792,819]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="D7131074317BFFEFFF512030FEA0FCAF" box="[210,367,792,818]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" value="1998-08-28">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="C757E99C317BFFEFFF512030FEA0FCAF" box="[210,367,792,818]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" value="1998-08-28">28 Aug. 1998</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, leg.
|
||||
<collectorName id="0E585362317BFFEFFE292030FDF3FCAF" box="[426,572,792,818]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">A. Voronkov</collectorName>
|
||||
, diving collection (frame + pump),
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5ABFD3D317BFFEFFC522030FB90FCAF" box="[977,1119,792,818]" count="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F30B9ECF317BFFEFFBE82030FB3BFCAF" box="[1131,1268,792,818]" collectionCode="ZISP" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">ZISP 13318</specimenCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="13C53CE9317BFFEFFA822031FA84FCCB" collectingDate="1996-08-30" collectionCode="ZISP" collectorName="A. Voronkov" elevation="5" latitude="79.03" longLatPrecision="565" longitude="11.37" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" specimenCode="ZISP 13319" specimenCount="3">
|
||||
st. 6 (
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C6995073317BFFEFFAC22030FA57FCAF" box="[1345,1432,792,818]" degrees="79.03" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" precision="555" value="79.03">79.03N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C6995073317BFFEFFF142014FF25FCCB" box="[151,234,828,854]" degrees="11.37" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" precision="555" value="11.37">11.37E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<quantity id="64559B51317BFFEFFF7D2014FEE4FCCA" box="[254,299,828,855]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" unit="m" value="5.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="2880D187317BFFEFFF7D2014FEE4FCCA" box="[254,299,828,855]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="D7131074317BFFEFFEB52014FE1EFCCB" box="[310,465,828,854]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" value="1996-08-30">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="C757E99C317BFFEFFEB52014FE1EFCCB" box="[310,465,828,854]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" value="1996-08-30">30 Aug. 1996</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, leg.
|
||||
<collectorName id="0E585362317BFFEFFD882014FD54FCCB" box="[523,667,828,854]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">A. Voronkov</collectorName>
|
||||
, diving collection (frame + pump),
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5ABFD3D317BFFEFFBA92014FB78FCCB" box="[1066,1207,828,854]" count="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F30B9ECF317BFFEFFB412014FA84FCCB" box="[1218,1355,828,854]" collectionCode="ZISP" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">ZISP 13319</specimenCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBB7653F317BFFEFFF442048FEE9F8DB" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B4317BFFEFFF442048FD0AFC7B" blockId="6.[151,1437,576,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317BFFEFFF442048FE94FCE7" bold="true" box="[199,347,864,890]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Description:</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317BFFEFFEE52048FD5FFCE7" box="[358,656,864,890]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Morphology and anatomy</emphasis>
|
||||
. Sponge tubular, compressed laterally, about
|
||||
<quantity id="64559B51317BFFEFFB272048FB10FCE6" box="[1188,1247,864,891]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
|
||||
height, narrows towards the base which closely embraces the substrate (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A31317BFFEFFC8120ACFCBBFC02" box="[770,884,900,927]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-23@7.[151,1436,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Sycandra utriculus. A–A2. Habitus of specimens ZISP 13317 and ZISP 13318, respectively. B–B1. Atrial diactines. B2. Spines near lanceolated tip of the atrial diactine. C–C3. Distal cone diactines. D–D1. Subatrial triactines. E–E1. Tubar triactines. F–F1. Atrial tetractines. Abbreviations: p = paired actine; u = unpaired actine; a = apical actine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022863/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Fig 5A–A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A31317BFFEFFCF720BEFCB3FC39" box="[884,892,918,932]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1201,1225]" captionTargetBox="[246,1344,674,1177]" captionTargetId="figure-194@3.[244,1344,669,1177]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Sycandra rappi Morozov sp. nov. Schematic diagram of skeleton organization.Abbreviations: ab = bundle of small atrial diactines, supported by apical actine of the tetractine at the base; as = atrial skeleton; ss = subatrial skeleton; ts = tubar skeleton; dc = skeleton of distal cones." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022857" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022857/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">
|
||||
<subScript id="3F2934F1317BFFEFFCF720BEFCB3FC39" attach="left" box="[884,892,918,932]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">2</subScript>
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Colour dark brown in alcohol. Surface velvety. Texture soft and delicate. Single osculum (either naked or fringed) at the summit. Aquiferous system syconoid. Choanocyte chambers fused in their entire length.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B4317BFFEFFF4420D8FE0CFBB3" blockId="6.[151,1437,576,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317BFFEFFF4420D8FEE1FB97" box="[199,302,1008,1034]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Skeleton.</emphasis>
|
||||
In the atrial cavity there is an additional tissue network, sometimes quite extensive, supported by bundles of small diactines.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B4317BFFEFFF442710FE73FBEB" blockId="6.[151,1437,576,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Atrial skeleton comprises sagittal tetractines with their basal actines lying tangentially and the apical actine projecting into the atrium.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B4317BFFEFFF4427A8FC89FB22" blockId="6.[151,1437,576,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Subatrial skeleton composed of sagittal triactines arranged in several rows with paired actines supporting the atrial skeleton, and unpaired one pointing towards the cortex.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B4317BFFEFFF4427E0FD63FA9B" blockId="6.[151,1437,576,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Tubar skeleton composed of subregular triactines, with the unpaired actine, which is frequently longer than the paired ones, pointing towards the outer surface.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B4317BFFEFFF442638FC37FAD2" blockId="6.[151,1437,576,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Distal cones decorated with trichoxeas and sickle-shaped diactines protruding through the external surface. In the examined specimens diactines were found exclusively in the distal cones.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B4317BFFEFFF442670FC3AFA0B" blockId="6.[151,1437,576,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317BFFEFFF442670FEEBFAEF" box="[199,292,1368,1394]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Spicules</emphasis>
|
||||
. Atrial diactines with one tip fusiform and the other lanceolated. Small spines present near the lanceolated tip (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A31317BFFEFFEC92654FE0BFA0A" box="[330,452,1404,1431]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-23@7.[151,1436,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Sycandra utriculus. A–A2. Habitus of specimens ZISP 13317 and ZISP 13318, respectively. B–B1. Atrial diactines. B2. Spines near lanceolated tip of the atrial diactine. C–C3. Distal cone diactines. D–D1. Subatrial triactines. E–E1. Tubar triactines. F–F1. Atrial tetractines. Abbreviations: p = paired actine; u = unpaired actine; a = apical actine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022863/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Figs 5B–B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A31317BFFEFFE4726A6FE03FA01" box="[452,460,1422,1436]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1201,1225]" captionTargetBox="[246,1344,674,1177]" captionTargetId="figure-194@3.[244,1344,669,1177]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Sycandra rappi Morozov sp. nov. Schematic diagram of skeleton organization.Abbreviations: ab = bundle of small atrial diactines, supported by apical actine of the tetractine at the base; as = atrial skeleton; ss = subatrial skeleton; ts = tubar skeleton; dc = skeleton of distal cones." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022857" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022857/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">
|
||||
<subScript id="3F2934F1317BFFEFFE4726A6FE03FA01" attach="left" box="[452,460,1422,1436]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">2</subScript>
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Size: 137–235.8–356 × 3.7–6–8.9 µm (n = 20).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B4317BFFEFFF442688FBCFFA42" blockId="6.[151,1437,576,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">
|
||||
Distal cone diactines, with one fusiform tip, the other curved, sickle-shaped (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A31317BFFEFFBB22688FB62FA26" box="[1073,1197,1440,1467]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-23@7.[151,1436,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Sycandra utriculus. A–A2. Habitus of specimens ZISP 13317 and ZISP 13318, respectively. B–B1. Atrial diactines. B2. Spines near lanceolated tip of the atrial diactine. C–C3. Distal cone diactines. D–D1. Subatrial triactines. E–E1. Tubar triactines. F–F1. Atrial tetractines. Abbreviations: p = paired actine; u = unpaired actine; a = apical actine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022863/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Figs 5C–C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A31317BFFEFFB2E269AFB7AFA5D" box="[1197,1205,1458,1472]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1791,1815]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1767]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[151,1436,181,1767]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Sycandra rappi Morozov sp. nov. A. Holotype specimen KFU-LH-2/022, habitus. B–B1. Atrial diactines. C. Distal cone diactines. D. Trichoxea. E. Subatrial triactine. F. Tubar triactine. G–G1. Atrial tetractines. G2. Apical actine of the tetractine. Abbreviations: p = paired actine; u = unpaired actine; a = apical actine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022859/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">
|
||||
<subScript id="3F2934F1317BFFEFFB2E269AFB7AFA5D" attach="left" box="[1197,1205,1458,1472]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">3</subScript>
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
). These spicules are often bent and relatively short. Size: 83–231–564 × 6.8–10.8–15 (n = 50) µm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B4317BFFEFFF4426C0FBF1F99F" blockId="6.[151,1437,576,2042]" box="[199,1086,1512,1538]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Trichoxeas with unequal tips—one slightly fusiform, the other sharply pointed.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B4317BFFEFFF442524FEE9F9F2" blockId="6.[151,1437,576,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">
|
||||
Subatrial triactines sagittal, with a wide angle between the paired actines and straight unpaired actine (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A31317BFFEFFAE92524FF14F9D6" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-23@7.[151,1436,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Sycandra utriculus. A–A2. Habitus of specimens ZISP 13317 and ZISP 13318, respectively. B–B1. Atrial diactines. B2. Spines near lanceolated tip of the atrial diactine. C–C3. Distal cone diactines. D–D1. Subatrial triactines. E–E1. Tubar triactines. F–F1. Atrial tetractines. Abbreviations: p = paired actine; u = unpaired actine; a = apical actine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022863/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Figs 5D–D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A31317BFFEFFF5F256AFF2BF9CD" box="[220,228,1602,1616]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1340,1364]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,188,1309]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[151,1436,181,1316]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of sampling locations in the Barents Sea and adjacent areas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022855/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">
|
||||
<subScript id="3F2934F1317BFFEFFF5F256AFF2BF9CD" attach="right" box="[220,228,1602,1616]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">1</subScript>
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Size: paired—48.3–80–105.8 × 5.9–7.4–9.7 µm (n = 50); unpaired—75.7–128.4–164.4 × 5.3–7.9–10.5 µm (n = 50).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B4317BFFEFFF442550FD34F92A" blockId="6.[151,1437,576,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">
|
||||
Tubar triactines subregular, “
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317BFFEFFD8F2550FDBDF90F" box="[524,626,1656,1682]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Y-shaped</emphasis>
|
||||
” (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A31317BFFEFFD0E2550FCCAF90E" box="[653,773,1656,1683]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-23@7.[151,1436,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Sycandra utriculus. A–A2. Habitus of specimens ZISP 13317 and ZISP 13318, respectively. B–B1. Atrial diactines. B2. Spines near lanceolated tip of the atrial diactine. C–C3. Distal cone diactines. D–D1. Subatrial triactines. E–E1. Tubar triactines. F–F1. Atrial tetractines. Abbreviations: p = paired actine; u = unpaired actine; a = apical actine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022863/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Figs 5E–E</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A31317BFFEFFC8725A2FCC3F905" box="[772,780,1674,1688]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1340,1364]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,188,1309]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[151,1436,181,1316]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of sampling locations in the Barents Sea and adjacent areas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022855/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">
|
||||
<subScript id="3F2934F1317BFFEFFC8725A2FCC3F905" attach="left" box="[772,780,1674,1688]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">1</subScript>
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Size: paired—69.6–99–142.4 × 6–7.9–10.3 µm (n = 50); unpaired—61.5–127.4–208 × 6.7–8.6–11 µm (n = 50).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B4317BFFEFFF4425E8FEE9F8DB" blockId="6.[151,1437,576,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">
|
||||
Atrial tetractines parasagittal, subregular, with straight, cylindrical basal actines, paired actines forming a “
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317BFFEFFAF625E9FA46F947" box="[1397,1417,1729,1754]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">U</emphasis>
|
||||
”. The apical actine is often much thicker and longer than the basal ones (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A31317BFFEFFC3125CCFBEAF962" box="[946,1061,1764,1791]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-23@7.[151,1436,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Sycandra utriculus. A–A2. Habitus of specimens ZISP 13317 and ZISP 13318, respectively. B–B1. Atrial diactines. B2. Spines near lanceolated tip of the atrial diactine. C–C3. Distal cone diactines. D–D1. Subatrial triactines. E–E1. Tubar triactines. F–F1. Atrial tetractines. Abbreviations: p = paired actine; u = unpaired actine; a = apical actine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022863/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Figs 5F–F</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A31317BFFEFFBA625DEFBE2F899" box="[1061,1069,1782,1796]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1340,1364]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,188,1309]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[151,1436,181,1316]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of sampling locations in the Barents Sea and adjacent areas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022855/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">
|
||||
<subScript id="3F2934F1317BFFEFFBA625DEFBE2F899" attach="left" box="[1061,1069,1782,1796]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">1</subScript>
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Size: paired—89–119–163.7 × 3.8–7.2–9 µm (n = 20); unpaired—159–193.5–224 × 7–8.1–9 µm (n = 20); apical—128–238–335 × 8.7–11.3–14 µm (n = 20).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBB7653F317BFFE1FF442478FC59FE14" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="540" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B4317BFFEFFF442478FD85F867" blockId="6.[151,1437,576,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317BFFEFFF442478FEF2F8F7" bold="true" box="[199,317,1872,1898]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||||
The species was found during expeditions of the Norwegian Polar Institute (1996, 1998) to Kongsfjorden, Spitsbergen, and was originally assigned to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D37317BFFEFFCB6245CFC79F813" authorityName="sensu Rapp" authorityYear="2015" box="[821,950,1908,1934]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="utriculus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317BFFEFFCB6245CFC79F813" box="[821,950,1908,1934]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">S. utriculus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by V.M. Koltun. As mentioned earlier, the description of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D37317BFFEFFEB424B0FE78F82F" authorityName="sensu Rapp" authorityYear="2015" box="[311,439,1944,1970]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="utriculus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317BFFEFFEB424B0FE78F82F" box="[311,439,1944,1970]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">S. utriculus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
given by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B45317BFFEFFDA024B1FD60F82E" author="Rapp, H. T." box="[547,687,1944,1971]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" pagination="1395 - 1459" refId="ref10622" refString="Rapp, H. T. (2015) A monograph of the calcareous sponges (Porifera, Calcarea) of Greenland. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 95 (7), 1395 - 1459. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315413001070" type="journal article" year="2015">Rapp (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
can be considered as a description of
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317BFFEFFBD024B0FAABF82F" box="[1107,1380,1944,1970]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D37317BFFEFFBD024B0FADAF82F" box="[1107,1301,1944,1970]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" phylum="Porifera" rank="subSpecies" species="utriculus" subSpecies="sensu">
|
||||
S. utriculus
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8AEA57DD317BFFEFFB5424B1FADAF82F" box="[1239,1301,1945,1970]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" sensu="stricto">sensu</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
stricto
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
. Our specimens from Spitsbergen definitely bear many similarities with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D37317BFFEFFC0D2494FB21F84A" authority="sensu Rapp (2015)" authorityName="sensu Rapp" authorityYear="2015" box="[910,1262,1980,2007]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Grantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="utriculus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317BFFEFFC0D2494FB9AF84B" box="[910,1109,1980,2006]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="538">S. utriculus sensu</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B45317BFFEFFBDE2495FB21F84A" author="Rapp, H. T." box="[1117,1262,1980,2007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="538" pagination="1395 - 1459" refId="ref10622" refString="Rapp, H. T. (2015) A monograph of the calcareous sponges (Porifera, Calcarea) of Greenland. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 95 (7), 1395 - 1459. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315413001070" type="journal article" year="2015">Rapp (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but they differ slightly in the complement of spicules.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="F7D2663C317AFFEEFF1424A5FB0AF873" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022863" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14022863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022863/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="539" startId="7.[151,250,1933,1957]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1910]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B4317AFFEEFF1424A5FB0AF873" blockId="7.[151,1437,1933,2035]" pageId="7" pageNumber="539">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317AFFEEFF1424A5FEDDF83B" bold="true" box="[151,274,1933,1958]" pageId="7" pageNumber="539">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D37317AFFEEFE9B24A6FE17F83B" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[280,472,1934,1958]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Sycandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="7" pageNumber="539" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="utriculus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317AFFEEFE9B24A6FE17F83B" box="[280,472,1934,1958]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="539">Sycandra utriculus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317AFFEEFE6724A5FDECF83B" bold="true" box="[484,547,1933,1963]" pageId="7" pageNumber="539">
|
||||
A–A
|
||||
<subScript id="3F2934F1317AFFEEFD9524B5FDD2F836" attach="right" box="[534,541,1949,1963]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="539">2</subScript>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Habitus of specimens ZISP 13317 and ZISP 13318, respectively.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317AFFEEFB3924A6FB39F83B" bold="true" box="[1210,1270,1934,1963]" pageId="7" pageNumber="539">
|
||||
B–B
|
||||
<subScript id="3F2934F1317AFFEEFB6A24B5FB3FF836" attach="right" box="[1257,1264,1949,1963]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="539">1</subScript>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Atrial diactines.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317AFFEEFF14249AFF7AF857" bold="true" box="[151,181,1970,1999]" pageId="7" pageNumber="539">
|
||||
B
|
||||
<subScript id="3F2934F1317AFFEEFF2B24E9FF60F852" attach="left" box="[168,175,1985,1999]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="539">2</subScript>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Spines near lanceolated tip of the atrial diactine.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317AFFEEFD4F2499FCC5F857" bold="true" box="[716,778,1969,1999]" pageId="7" pageNumber="539">
|
||||
C–C
|
||||
<subScript id="3F2934F1317AFFEEFD7E24E9FCCBF852" attach="left" box="[765,772,1985,1999]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="539">3</subScript>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Distal cone diactines.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317AFFEEFC7C249AFBF1F857" bold="true" box="[1023,1086,1970,1999]" pageId="7" pageNumber="539">
|
||||
D–D
|
||||
<subScript id="3F2934F1317AFFEEFBB224E9FBF7F852" attach="left" box="[1073,1080,1985,1999]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="539">1</subScript>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Subatrial triactines.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317AFFEEFA98249AFA98F857" bold="true" box="[1307,1367,1970,1999]" pageId="7" pageNumber="539">
|
||||
E–E
|
||||
<subScript id="3F2934F1317AFFEEFACA24E9FA9FF852" attach="left" box="[1353,1360,1985,1999]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="539">1</subScript>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Tubar triactines.
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317AFFEEFE8224FEFEF5F873" bold="true" box="[257,314,2006,2035]" pageId="7" pageNumber="539">
|
||||
F–F
|
||||
<subScript id="3F2934F1317AFFEEFEAF24CDFEFCF86E" attach="left" box="[300,307,2021,2035]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="539">1</subScript>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Atrial tetractines. Abbreviations: p = paired actine; u = unpaired actine; a = apical actine.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A31236B43175FFE1FF4423BFFC59FE14" blockId="8.[151,1437,150,393]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">
|
||||
In
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D373175FFE1FF6423BFFD54FF2C" authority="sensu Rapp (2015)" authorityName="sensu Rapp" authorityYear="2015" box="[231,667,150,177]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" genus="Sycandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="utriculus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA63175FFE1FF6423BFFDCBFF2D" box="[231,516,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Sycandra utriculus sensu</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B453175FFE1FD8E23BFFD54FF2C" author="Rapp, H. T." box="[525,667,150,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" pagination="1395 - 1459" refId="ref10622" refString="Rapp, H. T. (2015) A monograph of the calcareous sponges (Porifera, Calcarea) of Greenland. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 95 (7), 1395 - 1459. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315413001070" type="journal article" year="2015">Rapp (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
there are
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5ABFD3D3175FFE1FC8C23BFFCB2FF2C" box="[783,893,151,177]" count="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
|
||||
of diactines, whose size ranges do not overlap: long and relatively thin diactines (~330–572 × 7.3 µm) and small (~50–100 × 12 µm), stout, sickle-shaped diactines found in the distal end of the chambers. In the specimens from Spitsbergen there is only
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5ABFD3D3175FFE1FB2E23F7FADFFF64" box="[1197,1296,223,249]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="540" type="generic" typeStatus="type">one type</specimenCount>
|
||||
of diactine, gradually varying from very stout and characteristically curved and sickle-shaped, to relatively long and thin, rarely almost straight. However, all intermediate shapes between these two extremes can be found (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3B962A313175FFE1FB26220FFAEFFEDC" box="[1189,1312,294,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-23@7.[151,1436,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Sycandra utriculus. A–A2. Habitus of specimens ZISP 13317 and ZISP 13318, respectively. B–B1. Atrial diactines. B2. Spines near lanceolated tip of the atrial diactine. C–C3. Distal cone diactines. D–D1. Subatrial triactines. E–E1. Tubar triactines. F–F1. Atrial tetractines. Abbreviations: p = paired actine; u = unpaired actine; a = apical actine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022863/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">Figs 5C–C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="3B962A313175FFE1FA9C2211FAE8FEDA" box="[1311,1319,313,327]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1791,1815]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1767]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[151,1436,181,1767]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Sycandra rappi Morozov sp. nov. A. Holotype specimen KFU-LH-2/022, habitus. B–B1. Atrial diactines. C. Distal cone diactines. D. Trichoxea. E. Subatrial triactine. F. Tubar triactine. G–G1. Atrial tetractines. G2. Apical actine of the tetractine. Abbreviations: p = paired actine; u = unpaired actine; a = apical actine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14022859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14022859/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="540">
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). The size variation of diactines in our specimens (~83–564 × 10.8 µm) also fall within Rapp’s measurements. Thus, afore mentioned differences can be assigned to the regional trait variation.
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“
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with diactines and/or sagittal triactines and tetractines, rarely also with regular spicules. In addition to the free spicules, there can be a non-spicular basal calcareous skeleton in which basal spicules are cemented together or completely embedded in an enveloping calcareous cement. In ontogeny, the first spicules to be produced are diactines in the settled larva. Choanocytes are apinucleate and the basal system of the flagellum is adjacent to the apical region of the nucleus” (
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Borojević
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2000
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).
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|
|
@ -71,11 +71,11 @@ The species is named in honour of Dr Hans Tore Rapp (1972–2020), whose deep re
|
|||
<subSubSection id="EBB7653F317EFFEAFF44220FFD71FE30" pageId="3" pageNumber="535" type="materials_examined">
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<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317EFFEAFF44220FFE7BFEDC" bold="true" box="[199,436,295,321]" pageId="3" pageNumber="535">Material examined:</emphasis>
|
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<materialsCitation id="13C53CE9317EFFEAFE38220FFCB2FEF8" collectionCode="PINRO" elevation="167" latitude="68.9721" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="37.9826" pageId="3" pageNumber="535" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<materialsCitation id="13C53CE9317EFFEAFE38220FFCB2FEF8" collectionCode="PINRO" elevation="167" latitude="68.9721" location="Barents Sea" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="37.9826" pageId="3" pageNumber="535" specimenCode="KFU-LH-2/022" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Barents Sea" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="7C168816317EFFEAFE38220FFDE8FEDC" box="[443,551,295,321]" pageId="3" pageNumber="535" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
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. Barents Sea,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5BCAE71317EFFEAFD44220FFCD4FEDC" box="[711,795,295,321]" pageId="3" pageNumber="535">PINRO</collectionCode>
|
||||
trawl survey 2003, st. 46 (
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6169F856317EFFEAFDB12200FD74FEDC" box="[562,699,295,322]" pageId="3" pageNumber="535">Barents Sea</collectingRegion>
|
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, PINRO trawl survey 2003, st. 46 (
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<geoCoordinate id="C6995073317EFFEAFBC9220FFB72FEDC" box="[1098,1213,295,321]" degrees="68.9721" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="535" precision="5" value="68.9721">68.9721N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="C6995073317EFFEAFB4A220FFAF5FEDC" box="[1225,1338,295,321]" degrees="37.9826" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="535" precision="5" value="37.9826">37.9826E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
|
|
@ -85,15 +85,17 @@ trawl survey 2003, st. 46 (
|
|||
</quantity>
|
||||
, temperature 7 °C, salinity 34.02 psu,
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5ABFD3D317EFFEAFDBA2263FD74FEF8" box="[569,699,331,357]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="535" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||||
, KFU-LH-2/022.
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F30B9ECF317EFFEAFD452263FCB5FEF8" box="[710,890,331,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="535">KFU-LH-2/022</specimenCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="A31236B4317EFFEAFF442258FD71FE30" blockId="3.[151,1437,223,646]" pageId="3" pageNumber="535">
|
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<materialsCitation id="13C53CE9317EFFEAFF442258FD75FE30" collectionCode="PINRO" elevation="141" latitude="69.4883" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="37.9818" pageId="3" pageNumber="535" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="13C53CE9317EFFEAFF442258FD75FE30" collectionCode="PINRO" elevation="141" latitude="69.4883" location="Barents Sea" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="37.9818" pageId="3" pageNumber="535" specimenCode="KFU-LH-2/043" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Barents Sea" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="7C168816317EFFEAFF442258FEE2FE17" box="[199,301,368,394]" pageId="3" pageNumber="535" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||||
. Barents Sea,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="C5BCAE71317EFFEAFE4D2247FDEDFE14" box="[462,546,367,393]" pageId="3" pageNumber="535">PINRO</collectionCode>
|
||||
trawl survey 2003, st. 47 (
|
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.
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="6169F856317EFFEAFEBB2258FE0EFE14" box="[312,449,367,394]" pageId="3" pageNumber="535">Barents Sea</collectingRegion>
|
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, PINRO trawl survey 2003, st. 47 (
|
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<geoCoordinate id="C6995073317EFFEAFCD72247FC07FE14" box="[852,968,367,393]" degrees="69.4883" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="535" precision="5" value="69.4883">69.4883N</geoCoordinate>
|
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,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C6995073317EFFEAFC572247FB8AFE14" box="[980,1093,367,393]" degrees="37.9818" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="535" precision="5" value="37.9818">37.9818E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
|
|
@ -103,7 +105,8 @@ trawl survey 2003, st. 47 (
|
|||
</quantity>
|
||||
, temperature 1.98 °C, salinity 34.529 psu,
|
||||
<specimenCount id="B5ABFD3D317EFFEAFEF922BBFE33FE30" box="[378,508,403,429]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="535" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||||
, KFU-LH-2/043
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="F30B9ECF317EFFEAFD8522BBFD75FE30" box="[518,698,403,429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="535">KFU-LH-2/043</specimenCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
77
data/2B/04/87/2B0487A2317FFFEBFF14268EFC61F898.xml
Normal file
77
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<treatment id="2B0487A2317FFFEBFF14268EFC61F898" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B0487A2317FFFEBFF14268EFC61F898" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B0487A2317FFFEBFF14268EFC61F898" lastPageNumber="534" pageId="2" pageNumber="534">
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Family
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||||
<taxonomicName id="64AD4D37317FFFEBFF74268EFD99FA5D" ID-CoL="84K8P" authority="Dendy, 1892" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1892" box="[247,598,1446,1473]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="2" pageNumber="534" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">
|
||||
GRANTIIDAE
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B45317FFFEBFE3E268FFD99FA5D" author="Dendy, A." box="[445,598,1446,1473]" pageId="2" pageNumber="534" pagination="69 - 116" refId="ref9086" refString="Dendy, A. (1892) Synopsis of the Australian Calcarea Heterocoela with a proposed Classification of the Group and Descriptions of some New Genera and Species. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, New Series, 5, 69 - 116." type="journal article" year="1892">Dendy, 1892</bibRefCitation>
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||||
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|
||||
</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="EBB7653F317FFFEBFF1426C6FC61F898" pageId="2" pageNumber="534" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="A31236B4317FFFEBFF1426C6FC61F898" blockId="2.[151,1437,1518,1797]" pageId="2" pageNumber="534">
|
||||
“Leucosoleniida in which there is always a cortex, supported by a skeleton of tangential spicules that can be diactines, triactines, tetractines, or any combination of them. The aquiferous system is either syconoid with radial and elongate choanocyte chambers, or sylleibid or leuconoid with elongate or spherical, scattered choanocyte chambers. The inhalant and exhalant aquiferous systems are always fully developed. The choanoskeleton is articulate, tubular in syconoid species, and contains few to several rows of triactines and/or tetractines, or is, in leuconoid species, arranged without apparent order. In the latter case, the choanoskeleton always preserves traces of the radial organization, particularly at the level of the subatrial triactines and/or tetractines. The atrial skeleton consisting of tangential triactines and/or tetractines is well-developed” (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C73C4B45317FFFEBFD2C25C2FC6DF898" author="Borojevic, R. & Boury-Esnault, N. & Vacelet, J." box="[687,930,1770,1797]" pageId="2" pageNumber="534" pagination="203 - 263" refId="ref8656" refString="Borojevic, R., Boury-Esnault, N., Vacelet, J. (2000) A revision of the supraspecific classification of the subclass Calcaronea (Porifera, class Calcarea). Zoosystema, 22 (2), 203 - 263." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||||
Borojević
|
||||
<emphasis id="91D9EAA6317FFFEBFCA525C3FC91F899" box="[806,862,1770,1796]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="534">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
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|
||||
|
|
@ -1,100 +1,100 @@
|
|||
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The typification of Cordia flavescens Aubl., the transfer of Firensia Scop. from Cordia L. (Cordiaceae, Boraginales) to the synonymy of Ocotea Aubl. (Lauraceae), and the identity of the species of Firensia</mods:title>
|
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<mods:title id="7D597DB13088C33FB32AADB910DB3A6E">The typification of Cordia flavescens Aubl., the transfer of Firensia Scop. from Cordia L. (Cordiaceae, Boraginales) to the synonymy of Ocotea Aubl. (Lauraceae), and the identity of the species of Firensia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Feuillet, Christian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="100E427F3AC372D4E5BA635E897E199F">Department of Botany, MRC- 166, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="899961CCD99435A29F5B4681ACF87C00" type="email">feuillec@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152024627" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:47DB744268B8A933E96B0E25EFDCE569" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/47DB744268B8A933E96B0E25EFDCE569" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="22" start="start">2</pageBreakToken>
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<treatment id="47DB744268B8A933E96B0E25EFDCE569" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152024627" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:47DB744268B8A933E96B0E25EFDCE569" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/47DB744268B8A933E96B0E25EFDCE569" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
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<subSubSection id="A3F38AE0585C41C4AFD00B596C686891" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="EE44EF8B7D91B76DC17BDC27C4B5E210" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
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<pageBreakToken id="B96219B2B487F21BB074761F9F7F1777" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" start="start">2</pageBreakToken>
|
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.
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||||
<taxonomicName LSID="47DB7442-68B8-A933-E96B-0E25EFDCE569" authority="Raf., Cordiaceae" authorityName="Raf., Cordiaceae" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Firensia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Firensia fusca" order="Boraginales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fusca">Firensia fusca Raf., Cordiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A182C6F5B42B6ACCED78988446579EDE" LSID="47DB7442-68B8-A933-E96B-0E25EFDCE569" authority="Raf., Cordiaceae" authorityName="Raf., Cordiaceae" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Firensia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Firensia fusca" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="fusca">Firensia fusca Raf., Cordiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="22" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collococca">Cordia collococca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="7DBDC84009D3310D387D971BFF2D71E8" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="67566404D5D434BE8B46D562BC217A40" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FF5F3C52D05B9404919A016073991DFA" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" species="collococca">Cordia collococca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
L., Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 1: 274. 1762. Lectotype (designated by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Miller, JS" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" publicationUrl="10.2307/2399433" refId="B13" refString="Miller, JS, 1988. A revised treatment of Boraginaceae for Panama. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: 456-521. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/87375 ,., 10.2307/2399433" title="A revised treatment of Boraginaceae for Panama. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: 456 - 521. http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 87375," url="10.2307/2399433" year="1988">Miller 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A0A60DF8E3B36DF0C04BBD098D11D962" author="Miller, JS" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" publicationUrl="10.2307/2399433" refId="B13" refString="Miller, JS, 1988. A revised treatment of Boraginaceae for Panama. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: 456-521. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/87375 ,., 10.2307/2399433" title="A revised treatment of Boraginaceae for Panama. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 75: 456 - 521. http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 87375," url="10.2307/2399433" year="1988">Miller 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Miller, JS" journalOrPublisher="Novon" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" pagination="230 - 235" publicationUrl="10.5962/bhl.title.744" refId="B14" refString="Miller, JS, 1999. New Boraginaceae from Tropical America 1: New species of Bourreria and Tournefortia from Costa Rica and a note on the publication of Cordia collococca. Novon 9 (2): 230 - 235, 10.5962/bhl.title.744" title="New Boraginaceae from Tropical America 1: New species of Bourreria and Tournefortia from Costa Rica and a note on the publication of Cordia collococca." url="10.5962/bhl.title.744" volume="9" year="1999">1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="27D6974E706E7A292B9E48B8F45F0749" author="Miller, JS" journalOrPublisher="Novon" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" pagination="230 - 235" publicationUrl="10.5962/bhl.title.744" refId="B14" refString="Miller, JS, 1999. New Boraginaceae from Tropical America 1: New species of Bourreria and Tournefortia from Costa Rica and a note on the publication of Cordia collococca. Novon 9 (2): 230 - 235, 10.5962/bhl.title.744" title="New Boraginaceae from Tropical America 1: New species of Bourreria and Tournefortia from Costa Rica and a note on the publication of Cordia collococca." url="10.5962/bhl.title.744" volume="9" year="1999">1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
): Jamaica.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">P. Browne s.n</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="6FDF1412F64C5962188C832FFB5F8F60" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">P. Browne s.n</emphasis>
|
||||
. (hololectotype LINN, Savage Catalog number 253.8[scan!])
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Firensia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Boraginales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fusca">Firensia fusca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F326143BF71CD924F5CB4B1E54786064" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B58367CC45D1DD1CED9F52F3FA4B2FB6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Firensia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="fusca">Firensia fusca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Raf., Sylva Tellur. 40. 1838; illegitimate renaming. Type: Based on
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collococca">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia collococca</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C4E94CF310E898D53B8ED7B6D18DC119" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" species="collococca">
|
||||
<emphasis id="672550F13A59092691DA22CA4335B56C" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia collococca</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
L.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Lithocardium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Boraginales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="collococca">Lithocardium collococca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="96C38BC911CA0A2C98492ABB8BB310AF" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="512C9D53FCEE62C186EE6D3D495EC84A" authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Lithocardium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="collococca">Lithocardium collococca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(L.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 438. 1891. Type: Based on
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collococca">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia collococca</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AC12901741D5D131B139DAC93871D8EC" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" species="collococca">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4AD8F2869AB7DF93D67773B06DC2C6DE" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia collococca</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
L.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Borhidi" authorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Gerascanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collococcus">Gerascanthus collococcus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B977B76E981C3F0A7F79AE973126F7D7" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E00A59E1D2ADAE09D4653E1DB4C55978" authorityName="Borhidi" authorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Gerascanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" species="collococcus">Gerascanthus collococcus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(L.) Borhidi, Acta Bot. Hung. 34(3-4): 399. 1988. Type: Based on
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collococca">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia collococca</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6E1B3A8AF3CE71087ECB0B7B68626747" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" species="collococca">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F4C2E1983FE30FC988BED172544510FF" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia collococca</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
L.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="22" type="notes">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FA420D6F063F7728AB6CFBAFF730DE30" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" type="notes">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B8E5CDA8EFA21DE4E8484798CAFA07A4" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC9926A382C6F84C38B5EEF6413F642" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
The hololectotype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collococca">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia collococca</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3ACFC2F27617267D85ED314BD611901D" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" species="collococca">
|
||||
<emphasis id="659FB2B8DB1D233DF9A4608141691300" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia collococca</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be seen at [herb. LINN scan!; http://www.linnean-online.org/view/plants_alpha/cordia_callococca.html; accessed 22.01.2013].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3C19E2049ACF17603F434A71641E8734" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
For other synonyms, see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Feuillet, C" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" refId="B4" refString="Feuillet, C, 2012. Boraginaceae. In: Acevedo-Rodriguez P, Strong MT (Eds) Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington, 157-174. http://hdl.handle.net/10088/17551." title="Boraginaceae. In: Acevedo-Rodriguez P, Strong MT (Eds) Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington, 157 - 174. http: // hdl. handle. net / 10088 / 17551" year="2012">Feuillet (2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4F593B835F9E9F81C5E0EE02DF730D66" author="Feuillet, C" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" refId="B4" refString="Feuillet, C, 2012. Boraginaceae. In: Acevedo-Rodriguez P, Strong MT (Eds) Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington, 157-174. http://hdl.handle.net/10088/17551." title="Boraginaceae. In: Acevedo-Rodriguez P, Strong MT (Eds) Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington, 157 - 174. http: // hdl. handle. net / 10088 / 17551" year="2012">Feuillet (2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 160).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,124 +1,124 @@
|
|||
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<mods:title>The typification of Cordia flavescens Aubl., the transfer of Firensia Scop. from Cordia L. (Cordiaceae, Boraginales) to the synonymy of Ocotea Aubl. (Lauraceae), and the identity of the species of Firensia</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="84040D996999DF0A050730CE433A710B">The typification of Cordia flavescens Aubl., the transfer of Firensia Scop. from Cordia L. (Cordiaceae, Boraginales) to the synonymy of Ocotea Aubl. (Lauraceae), and the identity of the species of Firensia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Feuillet, Christian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, MRC- 166, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="566E18093CCF8CC880B8C5852F57AD21">Department of Botany, MRC- 166, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182229081" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9A0F20E522445CE19CFDB2E174E22807" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9A0F20E522445CE19CFDB2E174E22807" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
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<treatment id="9A0F20E522445CE19CFDB2E174E22807" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182229081" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9A0F20E522445CE19CFDB2E174E22807" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9A0F20E522445CE19CFDB2E174E22807" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
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<subSubSection id="73677601018557AEC39C69A5104FC7C5" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="73C35AC2E22D9106F1C1F2101094C38F" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
3.
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="9A0F20E5-2244-5CE1-9CFD-B2E174E22807" authority="(Willd.) Raf., Cordiaceae" authorityName="(Willd.) Raf., Cordiaceae" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Firensia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Firensia hirsuta" order="Boraginales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirsuta">Firensia hirsuta (Willd.) Raf., Cordiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6A499B15AC22624A93D5CA3344220DD9" LSID="9A0F20E5-2244-5CE1-9CFD-B2E174E22807" authority="(Willd.) Raf., Cordiaceae" authorityName="(Willd.) Raf., Cordiaceae" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Firensia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Firensia hirsuta" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="hirsuta">Firensia hirsuta (Willd.) Raf., Cordiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="22" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosa">Cordia nodosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="3015AC3302536AB9BC609B4BA916A020" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="736E28553EA3C2B301AA942C329EABDC" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BDAC70BC9F173B260E6D01399DA41338" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" species="nodosa">Cordia nodosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Lam., Tab. Encycl. 1: 422. 1792. Type:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Aublet, JB" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" publicationUrl="10.5962/bhl.title.674" refId="B2" refString="Aublet, JB, 1775. Histoire des Plantes de la Guiane Francoise. Didot jeune, London, Paris, 4 vol., 1-976 & plates 1-392. ., 10.5962/bhl.title.674" title="Histoire des Plantes de la Guiane Francoise. Didot jeune, London, Paris, 4 vol., 1 - 976 & plates 1 - 392." url="10.5962/bhl.title.674" year="1775">Aublet (1775)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C1F00F95B2266D70F486A4F66535C01C" author="Aublet, JB" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" publicationUrl="10.5962/bhl.title.674" refId="B2" refString="Aublet, JB, 1775. Histoire des Plantes de la Guiane Francoise. Didot jeune, London, Paris, 4 vol., 1-976 & plates 1-392. ., 10.5962/bhl.title.674" title="Histoire des Plantes de la Guiane Francoise. Didot jeune, London, Paris, 4 vol., 1 - 976 & plates 1 - 392." url="10.5962/bhl.title.674" year="1775">Aublet (1775)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
Hist. Pl. Guiane 3: pl. 86.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collococca">Cordia collococca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C3BAB200941F28CCEE7311A9899F35B4" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6A36AE1D0ECA388C9395DD2F61F3073B" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" species="collococca">Cordia collococca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sensu J.B. Aublet, Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 219; & 3: pl. 86. 1775; non L. 1757. (=
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosa">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia nodosa</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ED43391BE40360CE2A2EFD8549378EE0" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" species="nodosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F28D316057354CF5127917A3EE92FDCA" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia nodosa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Lam.)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsuta">Cordia hirsuta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7EC1EE941CAA5F00EC0489433909029C" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2F8A1F36707C1CDC67445B5D63A8CDEC" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" species="hirsuta">Cordia hirsuta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Willd., Sp. Pl., ed. 5 [as
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“4”">"4"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2E9D86191E05981E7A9D46967D12A1CC" originalValue="“4”">"4"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
] 1(2): 1076. 1798. Type: Based on
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosa">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia nodosa</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BE135F7AB4987F41DFC01839E4802887" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" species="nodosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B4C4509ABA60F6E640AA6B7E0E52321A" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia nodosa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Lam.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Firensia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Boraginales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirsuta">Firensia hirsuta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C1E5AFDDA5FEB60E4C66765FC39DFE75" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F5B4B3F6609035580F1534071DC1CA37" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Firensia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="hirsuta">Firensia hirsuta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Willd.) Raf., Sylva Tellur. 40. 1838. Type: Based on
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosa">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia nodosa</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="953EE513CF3CFFF7EF201F6E674E8318" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" species="nodosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1BE6F6921F3D937A66B7FEB91F821023" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia nodosa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Lam.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Lam." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Lithocardium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Boraginales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nodosum">Lithocardium nodosum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="30114C44D76AC845637CEA42C6E7C982" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="83B6DA9A7E7B02FF8046B30A39E29520" authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Lam." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Lithocardium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="nodosum">Lithocardium nodosum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Lam.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 2: 977. 1891. Type: Based on
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosa">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia nodosa</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D3923F73B64448B5DADBB09F3EF29E77" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" species="nodosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42D30197A6F8197828963334F6512902" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia nodosa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Lam.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="22" type="notes">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="A8D6313D22467C2D3150C0526892D6EA" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" type="notes">
|
||||
<paragraph id="4BF8CD134F5515F2A2C6333C56700DE5" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C2A8CB241E84510BF888966A8BE06BB2" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
Sometimes the collection from French Guiana-J.B. Aublet s.n. (BM [scan!], LINN SM-374.5 [microfiche!], P-Rousseau 5: 181! [acquired by P only in 1953])-is cited as the type of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosa">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia nodosa</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="63DBFECF77B6B41882A0A845664F3BED" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" species="nodosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="010093A1CA89EC2DF675B356D371CE58" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia nodosa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsuta">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia hirsuta</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8EB239EDA8E39DD7802ECA15CAA836C9" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" species="hirsuta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C3FED3D029D5564D320683D270B71675" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia hirsuta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In fact it is unlikely that
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Lamarck, JB" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" publicationUrl="10.5962/bhl.title.824" refId="B9" refString="Lamarck, JB, 1792. Tableau Encyclopedique et Methodique des Trois Regnes de la Nature, Botanique tome 1, vol. 2, part 1. Panckoucke, Paris, 353-440. ., 10.5962/bhl.title.824" title="Tableau Encyclopedique et Methodique des Trois Regnes de la Nature, Botanique tome 1, vol. 2, part 1. Panckoucke, Paris, 353 - 440." url="10.5962/bhl.title.824" year="1792">Lamarck (1792</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="74CC3F673BE4DD5D1FC1ED0EBE248943" author="Lamarck, JB" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" publicationUrl="10.5962/bhl.title.824" refId="B9" refString="Lamarck, JB, 1792. Tableau Encyclopedique et Methodique des Trois Regnes de la Nature, Botanique tome 1, vol. 2, part 1. Panckoucke, Paris, 353-440. ., 10.5962/bhl.title.824" title="Tableau Encyclopedique et Methodique des Trois Regnes de la Nature, Botanique tome 1, vol. 2, part 1. Panckoucke, Paris, 353 - 440." url="10.5962/bhl.title.824" year="1792">Lamarck (1792</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, 1, 2(1): 422) or
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Willdenow, CL" journalOrPublisher="Novon" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" publicationUrl="10.5962/bhl.title.60064" refId="B18" refString="Willdenow, CL, 1798. Species Plantarum , ed. 4, 1(2). Nauk, Berlin, 1-1070. ., 10.5962/bhl.title.60064" title="Species Plantarum, ed. 4, 1 (2). Nauk, Berlin, 1 - 1070." url="10.5962/bhl.title.60064" year="1798">Willdenow (1798</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="AD4E301D0765D2C3C2748D48BEB4A423" author="Willdenow, CL" journalOrPublisher="Novon" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" publicationUrl="10.5962/bhl.title.60064" refId="B18" refString="Willdenow, CL, 1798. Species Plantarum , ed. 4, 1(2). Nauk, Berlin, 1-1070. ., 10.5962/bhl.title.60064" title="Species Plantarum, ed. 4, 1 (2). Nauk, Berlin, 1 - 1070." url="10.5962/bhl.title.60064" year="1798">Willdenow (1798</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, 1(2): 1076) saw a specimen as they only cited Aublet plate 86.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Aublet s.n. can be seen at http://plants.jstor.org/specimen/bm000906214</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsuta">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia hirsuta</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7D1AB5874B59C2056ECD4ACC080914EB" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Aublet s.n. can be seen at http://plants.jstor.org/specimen/bm000906214</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B15FA0E8B25FDE16FA9A09DF33D7CF2D" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C359D0F1875194EAFCAEDA2B7321EAAF" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" species="hirsuta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="FEC0CF9B62B657E6892ED225F95D3C85" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia hirsuta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fresen. 1857 is different from
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsuta">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia hirsuta</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6A2FEB55ACD6DEAFFF64CE08DDB5BBD2" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" species="hirsuta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7E1AD40195E41FBD2208E45F79DEBA06" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia hirsuta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Willd. 1798.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<paragraph id="115EE3680265FD66151E13C38907A530" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
For other synonyms, see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Johnston, IM" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" refId="B7" refString="Johnston, IM, 1935. Studies in Boraginaceae X. The Boraginaceae of northeastern South America. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 16(1): 1-64. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/33592." title="Studies in Boraginaceae X. The Boraginaceae of northeastern South America. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 16 (1): 1 - 64. http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 33592" year="1935">Johnston (1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5491C0468484BFE9919E1A89E29ED883" author="Johnston, IM" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" refId="B7" refString="Johnston, IM, 1935. Studies in Boraginaceae X. The Boraginaceae of northeastern South America. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 16(1): 1-64. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/33592." title="Studies in Boraginaceae X. The Boraginaceae of northeastern South America. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 16 (1): 1 - 64. http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 33592" year="1935">Johnston (1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 13-14).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,121 +1,121 @@
|
|||
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||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
<mods:title>The typification of Cordia flavescens Aubl., the transfer of Firensia Scop. from Cordia L. (Cordiaceae, Boraginales) to the synonymy of Ocotea Aubl. (Lauraceae), and the identity of the species of Firensia</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="8080845A5F4C1B0B4BF2ED5343B6BC94">The typification of Cordia flavescens Aubl., the transfer of Firensia Scop. from Cordia L. (Cordiaceae, Boraginales) to the synonymy of Ocotea Aubl. (Lauraceae), and the identity of the species of Firensia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Feuillet, Christian</mods:namePart>
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7A209737AE259D36FB1BB1C7F4F848ED" type="email">feuillec@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152024622" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F3C4D982A5B4F601A9EC02B86DA0DF16" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F3C4D982A5B4F601A9EC02B86DA0DF16" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<treatment id="F3C4D982A5B4F601A9EC02B86DA0DF16" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152024622" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F3C4D982A5B4F601A9EC02B86DA0DF16" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F3C4D982A5B4F601A9EC02B86DA0DF16" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">
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|
||||
<paragraph id="5CD7B632A78631270CD321F9BF9808B6" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
1.
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="F3C4D982-A5B4-F601-A9EC-02B86DA0DF16" authority="Aubl., Lauraceae" authorityName="Aubl., Lauraceae" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cordia flavescens" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">Cordia flavescens Aubl., Lauraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A18F38AF957E4F962104DA24E7DD2569" LSID="F3C4D982-A5B4-F601-A9EC-02B86DA0DF16" authority="Aubl., Lauraceae" authorityName="Aubl., Lauraceae" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cordia flavescens" order="Laurales" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" species="flavescens">Cordia flavescens Aubl., Lauraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="21" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Equisetopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Ocotea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="commutata">Ocotea commutata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="37BEB037B6D054D9C9A823D94D3DC743" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7CEE0F937FEB76FD93996D1D295D6130" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="27C03F8995C3034561BA05E9E092A287" class="Equisetopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Ocotea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Magnoliophyta" species="commutata">Ocotea commutata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Nees) Mez, Jahrb.
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Königl">Koenigl</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7C87663D2E79C823353520B1FD4C4047" originalValue="Königl">Koenigl</normalizedToken>
|
||||
. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 327. 1889. Type: Based on
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Nees" authorityYear="1836" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Oreodaphne" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="commutata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">Oreodaphne commutata</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5E8034B59FE62EA93E3BC5E9027FB45B" authorityName="Nees" authorityYear="1836" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Oreodaphne" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="commutata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="12C11DCA0B5DFFACE0AEFD3819321E0D" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">Oreodaphne commutata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Nees
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">Cordia flavescens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D7C1932C7B9211DAAE29B997FE23B0C6" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4D5C3A3EDDE83439B552D2FDE67DE64B" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" species="flavescens">Cordia flavescens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Aubl., Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 226; 3: t. 89. 1775; not
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rusby" authorityYear="1920" class="Equisetopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Ocotea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="flavescens">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">Ocotea flavescens</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E2381D1172B256C14B0C44D4A180E188" authorityName="Rusby" authorityYear="1920" class="Equisetopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Ocotea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Magnoliophyta" species="flavescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BB00A2D5B2E0101F0146BCBD7D6DCC77" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">Ocotea flavescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Rusby 1920. Type: French Guiana.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">J.B. Aublet s.n</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="E777B1FBA643B7EF43D05FFC0198443B" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">J.B. Aublet s.n</emphasis>
|
||||
. [specimens without the
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">Cordia</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="327ABF5D4331DCF2FA56C97AEBC36BA8" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CD18BFB5E8848A3DD2992BD129748D02" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">Cordia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
flowers](lectotype here designated BM [BM-000993950; scan!]; isotypes LINN [SM 374.6], S [04-2350; scan!])
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarmentosa">Cordia sarmentosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="91B9833753C68E4197CA7E2660937387" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="52ADC2E8BB9AF9C1C73841A8E94FCDE1" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" species="sarmentosa">Cordia sarmentosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Lam., Tab. Encycl.
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Méthod">Method</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="88D4FD9574FC34BC97FF3DCF78EF324C" originalValue="Méthod">Method</normalizedToken>
|
||||
. 1: 422. 1791; illegitimate renaming. Type: Based on
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">Cordia flavescens</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="08887A8D090692E57366152D4EF20837" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" species="flavescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6E25FAC6FC73B43329D7C6EBEDA53F02" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">Cordia flavescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Aubl.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Nees" authorityYear="1836" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Oreodaphne" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="commutata">Oreodaphne commutata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5F5AFF017F2DEE61A06AFC1BE224B5C4" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A1525947B7D7A932F5F008479A28D562" authorityName="Nees" authorityYear="1836" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Oreodaphne" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="commutata">Oreodaphne commutata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Nees, Syst. Laur. 428. 1836. Type: French Guiana.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">J. Martin s.n</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="CCEA75FD96EF04E173E620956F45E6EC" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">J. Martin s.n</emphasis>
|
||||
. (holotype B "ex P" [photos neg. F-3643, MO!, US!; scan!]; isotypes B [2 sheets, scans!], K, P! [2 sheets, scans!] and as "
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">Martin 20</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="7DAE8D5E4BB6B87DB350A09B7A13964E" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">Martin 20</emphasis>
|
||||
" P! [scan!]
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Lithocardium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Boraginales" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flavescens">Lithocardium flavescens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A4A464FC006B0D4F41FE97062ADF72D6" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="849D52D7CE1CFF946D80CA8100B0E578" authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Lithocardium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="flavescens">Lithocardium flavescens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Aubl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 977. 1891. Type: Based on
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">Cordia flavescens</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AC12071B57FF0EA09DCE9EBADD7E01E5" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" species="flavescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EF3E20DC2808825217834AC7A53C1CAA" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">Cordia flavescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Aubl.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Borhidi" authorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Gerascanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">Gerascanthus flavescens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2704B23493829807188413BB50CB11F6" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FFFEB2D2A7AED8C831784DA4C2811EA7" authorityName="Borhidi" authorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Gerascanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" species="flavescens">Gerascanthus flavescens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Aubl.) Borhidi, Acta Bot. Hung. 34(3-4): 400. 1988. Type: Based on
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">Cordia flavescens</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D0ECFEF013C2C630E20B74DA54ACE3FB" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" species="flavescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D991C22C3831AA2B9FA2FA10FCBC9565" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">Cordia flavescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Aubl.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="21" type="note">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="21">Note.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="5D7FA5022EF2E12E2DB93EFF6373F97E" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" type="note">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F312C9F76C3D8353A283644D48AAAEF7" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">Note.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A528574676B76B07C2BF4F808DED1882" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
The holotype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Nees" authorityYear="1836" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Oreodaphne" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="commutata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">Oreodaphne commutata</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="776282CEB6BAE4EC78ED05EB0D02B65B" authorityName="Nees" authorityYear="1836" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Oreodaphne" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="commutata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="36F8D2719AC88AA0DA3717CE8D165CD0" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">Oreodaphne commutata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be seen at http://ww2.bgbm.org/herbarium/view_large.cfm?SpecimenPK=47688&idThumb=253360&SpecimenSequenz=1&loan=0, and the Paris isotypes at http://coldb.mnhn.fr/colweb/request.do?requestaction=exec; the lectotype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">Cordia flavescens</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9745E057314DD2D17B2FDF944989799B" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="2" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" species="flavescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="84912B94131DA57E667CEA10A309AEB0" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="21">Cordia flavescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
at http://plants.jstor.org/specimen/bm000993950, and its Stockholm isotype at http://plants.jstor.org/specimen/s04-2350?history=true.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,96 +1,96 @@
|
|||
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|
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<mods:title id="03AC81E87300073768F927CC9FB42A69">The typification of Cordia flavescens Aubl., the transfer of Firensia Scop. from Cordia L. (Cordiaceae, Boraginales) to the synonymy of Ocotea Aubl. (Lauraceae), and the identity of the species of Firensia</mods:title>
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152024625" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FCF83D66EDB9B019FD6D95A3F50F4C1D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FCF83D66EDB9B019FD6D95A3F50F4C1D" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
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<treatment id="FCF83D66EDB9B019FD6D95A3F50F4C1D" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152024625" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FCF83D66EDB9B019FD6D95A3F50F4C1D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FCF83D66EDB9B019FD6D95A3F50F4C1D" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
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|
||||
<paragraph id="ED117C9BF4E4A7D4C2316AC11C4A2E11" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
4.
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="FCF83D66-EDB9-B019-FD6D-95A3F50F4C1D" authority="Raf., Combretaceae" authorityName="Raf., Combretaceae" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Firensia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Firensia lutea" order="Boraginales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lutea">Firensia lutea Raf., Combretaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="42E348DF27BB030503F15374E731FB86" LSID="FCF83D66-EDB9-B019-FD6D-95A3F50F4C1D" authority="Raf., Combretaceae" authorityName="Raf., Combretaceae" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Firensia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Firensia lutea" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="lutea">Firensia lutea Raf., Combretaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="22" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Combretaceae" genus="Buchenavia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Myrtales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="tetraphylla">Buchenavia tetraphylla</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="32A7909481CB7B7BFF639A21938CEB03" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="CE9CCC5EF7BDE192ED42E7866468AC7A" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C17D4527756E3216A7FEF81694B331B8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Combretaceae" genus="Buchenavia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Magnoliophyta" species="tetraphylla">Buchenavia tetraphylla</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Aubl.) R.A. Howard, J. Arnold Arbor. 64(2): 266. 1983. Type: Based on
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Aubl" authorityYear="1775" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tetraphylla">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia tetraphylla</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4ED05C5124178B393D16550AF753FC86" authorityName="Aubl" authorityYear="1775" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" species="tetraphylla">
|
||||
<emphasis id="112210448ECB6E210881CF49FB28073B" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia tetraphylla</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Aubl.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Aubl" authorityYear="1775" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tetraphylla">Cordia tetraphylla</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="DC8894A789CE8353115C852852E6E355" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C37F113FCA8D526C77D7D15205738040" authorityName="Aubl" authorityYear="1775" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" species="tetraphylla">Cordia tetraphylla</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Aubl., Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 224; 3: t. 88. 1775. Lectotype (designated by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Howard, RA" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" refId="B5" refString="Howard, RA, 1983. The plates of Aublet's Histoire des Plantes de la Guiane Francoise. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 64(2): 255-292. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/33627." title="The plates of Aublet's Histoire des Plantes de la Guiane Francoise. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 64 (2): 255 - 292. http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 33627" year="1983">Howard 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="72AAC4102056A2CCE92DED4549ED259A" author="Howard, RA" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" refId="B5" refString="Howard, RA, 1983. The plates of Aublet's Histoire des Plantes de la Guiane Francoise. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 64(2): 255-292. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/33627." title="The plates of Aublet's Histoire des Plantes de la Guiane Francoise. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 64 (2): 255 - 292. http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 33627" year="1983">Howard 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 266): Plate, Aubl., Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: pl. 88, excl. f. 1-3 (1775).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Firensia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Boraginales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lutea">Firensia lutea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E89FAC2F68A03256DD5EC8203F9B0E71" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="402BD63C84FC2C711B8D2900225394FD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Firensia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="lutea">Firensia lutea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Raf., Sylva Tellur. 40. 1838; illegitimate renaming. Type: Based on
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Aubl" authorityYear="1775" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tetraphylla">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia tetraphylla</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2CFE0B800EF9A5B0C9818258B4E3DF50" authorityName="Aubl" authorityYear="1775" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" species="tetraphylla">
|
||||
<emphasis id="536158E35053CD78DD27404A0027CCEE" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia tetraphylla</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Aubl.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Aubl." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Lithocardium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Boraginales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tetraphyllum">Lithocardium tetraphyllum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4C74AC34061FBB3E9F384B73DDFFC307" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="54E7C9E0355D9B97F8E920316BE6921A" authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Aubl." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Lithocardium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="tetraphyllum">Lithocardium tetraphyllum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Aubl.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 2: 977. 1891. Type: Based on
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Aubl" authorityYear="1775" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tetraphylla">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia tetraphylla</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="310A70DB0CF17CC0E137A897C6D73481" authorityName="Aubl" authorityYear="1775" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" species="tetraphylla">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9BF10DEE0360265FFB14D8BC6FB7C942" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia tetraphylla</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Aubl.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Borhidi" authorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Gerascanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tetraphyllus">Gerascanthus tetraphyllus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="62C97BD22BE809965076BFD8500D28B1" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7B7AF8EC39B808140E6635F767EFEF4B" authorityName="Borhidi" authorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Gerascanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" species="tetraphyllus">Gerascanthus tetraphyllus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Aubl.) Borhidi, Acta Bot. Hung. 34(3-4): 402. 1988. Type: Based on
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Aubl" authorityYear="1775" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tetraphylla">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia tetraphylla</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="55CDB3C185122D6073374444ECA16FEA" authorityName="Aubl" authorityYear="1775" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" species="tetraphylla">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6AB15ACF07AF47AC3AC509A384D2F6DC" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Cordia tetraphylla</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Aubl.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="22" type="note">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Note.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="95A04B7411AE1BD55857BB1BA92F7B38" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" type="note">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7BB2C21C898C7CBAC3B17B1611F4F3A8" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">Note.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="55C3368EACDB9F679E73A7E17C522B3A" pageId="3" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
For other synonyms, see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Acevedo-Rodriguez, P" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" refId="B1" refString="Acevedo-Rodriguez, P, Strong, MT, 2012. Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington, 1-1192. http://hdl.handle.net/10088/17551." title="Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington, 1 - 1192. http: // hdl. handle. net / 10088 / 17551" year="2012">Acevedo and Strong (2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8A8F1479254781C3B0E879BCE5C1A7DB" author="Acevedo-Rodriguez, P" pageId="3" pageNumber="22" refId="B1" refString="Acevedo-Rodriguez, P, Strong, MT, 2012. Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington, 1-1192. http://hdl.handle.net/10088/17551." title="Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington, 1 - 1192. http: // hdl. handle. net / 10088 / 17551" year="2012">Acevedo and Strong (2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 229).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
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Reference in a new issue