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<document id="12E69B821503B1FEEC24D0D5C2FDA17E" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5351.2.3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8391458" ID-ZooBank="A6E26DE8-6A21-4946-A80A-5696F7A07558" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="julia" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="julia" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="julia" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="julia" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="julia" checkinTime="1695989609672" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Nardi, Davide, Pantini, Paolo, Rizzo, Pierluigi, Trespidi, Giacomo, Turetta, Alessandra, Barbieri, Giacomo &amp; Ballarin, Francesco" docDate="2023" docId="F5436068FFBCFFC4FF4BFAA5C7F25CCC" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5351.2.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5351 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5351.2.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Eidmannella pallida " docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="234" masterDocId="097A1810FFB6FFC9FFDCFFA2C4595A71" masterDocTitle="A comprehensive update on the morphology and distribution of the invasive scaffold-web spider Eidmannella pallida (Araneae, Nesticidae) with a focus on new records from Italy" masterLastPageNumber="264" masterPageNumber="221" pageNumber="231" updateTime="1696257983543" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="32034520E570F669F236847CBEECFB4E">A comprehensive update on the morphology and distribution of the invasive scaffold-web spider Eidmannella pallida (Araneae, Nesticidae) with a focus on new records from Italy</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6DAFAD8A87E604BFF9B7B2C201E7B3E2">Nardi, Davide</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A7397540199F0CD9BEE31EF141E6093F">DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CAAEF923DB253C2080D34D9526CB080B">Pantini, Paolo</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FDF4EBBC55C2B555B5689B9694FB7F05" type="ORCID">0000-0001-8332-1915</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="F0F518366AD6AD9BEAF66F67CCAC455F">Museo Civico di Scienze Naturali “ E. Caffi ” of Bergamo, Piazza Cittadella 10, I- 24129 Bergamo, Italy paolo. pantini @ comune. bergamo. it; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8332 - 1915</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="980EC118BA7987F00D4144FA4D763386" type="email">paolo.pantini@comune.bergamo.it</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="D1A8D2DA9E62D163C7DF9383409565F0">Rizzo, Pierluigi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D606B5F82A0C7FB77A462B28BAD3F590">Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4 B 87036, Rende (CS), Italy rizzo. pierluigi @ yahoo. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2904 - 9102</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="7D3D40C0B981209E6E0D0AA92B30525F" type="email">rizzo.pierluigi@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="54B4F5E58ED08E5402EF8168B15E52FD">Trespidi, Giacomo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F6F3F170509AB127A7575750C77EF256">DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5E7AA9D75BF4EB89E52367361FB086D9">Turetta, Alessandra</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F085CF6839F8D38CB2F1641394FF0FE0">DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1A8900578A5CD61DA72CF8429B9F605B">Barbieri, Giacomo</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F903E7B7E1C7A13F88A9EED0A3492A86" type="ORCID">0009-0004-0585-8580</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="5679783347B612A6688306A7D547D855">World Biodiversity Association Onlus, c / o Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Lungadige, Porta Vittoria 9,37129 Verona, Italy giacomo. barbieri 2 @ studenti. unipr. it; https: // orcid. org / 0009 - 0004 - 0585 - 8580 &amp; Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11 / a, 43124 Parma, Italy</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B74AE102C9E6A23ECB6A6B62D7F33135" type="email">giacomo.barbieri2@studenti.unipr.it</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="6A87763A506DE82C5B185AC8E09E34D3">Ballarin, Francesco</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B2462A426E9A523D0E703BF1F684FC88">Systematic Zoology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1 - 1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji-shi, 192 - 0397, Tokyo, Japan &amp; Department of Zoology, Museo di Storia Naturale of Verona, Lungadige Porta Vittoria, 9, I- 37129 Verona, Italy</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="8738B322881F3DBAB7B205D223E4E04B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="27416EBB42D6A2EDD7FB082AC99F4C8B">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7CF4CE4CC053EFB4C25A165BA76F6C8F">5351</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="65051B2D4870FDC2DE8D50797B729BD8">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5351.2.3</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="9A5041582E380A3D398AF559CCF70A20" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="F5436068FFBCFFC4FF4BFAA5C7F25CCC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8391642" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8391642" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F5436068FFBCFFC4FF4BFAA5C7F25CCC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F5436068FFBCFFC4FF4BFAA5C7F25CCC" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="234" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
<subSubSection id="35F082F5FFBCFFC3FF4BFAA5C6385F50" box="[151,609,1287,1314]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7D55D17EFFBCFFC3FF4BFAA5C6385F50" blockId="10.[151,609,1287,1314]" box="[151,609,1287,1314]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
<heading id="261D6612FFBCFFC3FF4BFAA5C6385F50" bold="true" box="[151,609,1287,1314]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="BAEAAAFDFFBCFFC3FF4BFAA5C6385F50" ID-CoL="38VBD" ID-ENA="60719" authority="(Emerton, 1875)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Emerton" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[151,609,1287,1314]" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Eidmannella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallida">
<emphasis id="4F9E0D6CFFBCFFC3FF4BFAA5C6385F50" bold="true" box="[151,609,1287,1314]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
<emphasis id="4F9E0D6CFFBCFFC3FF4BFAA5C5D75F53" bold="true" box="[151,398,1287,1314]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Eidmannella pallida</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="197BAC8FFFBCFFC3FE41FAA5C6005F50" author="Emerton, J. H." box="[413,601,1287,1313]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" pagination="278 - 281" refId="ref9886" refString="Emerton, J. H. (1875) Notes on spiders from Caves in Kentucky, Virginia and Indiana. American Naturalist, 9, 278 - 281. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 271488" type="journal article" year="1875">Emerton, 1875</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
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</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7D55D17EFFBCFFC3FF4BFAE5C6AD5F10" blockId="10.[151,806,1350,1467]" box="[151,756,1350,1377]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5DFAF650FFBCFFC3FF4BFAE5C6AD5F10" box="[151,756,1350,1377]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
<treatmentCitation id="FC4BF76FFFBCFFC3FF4BFAE5C64E5F2E" author="Emerton, J. H." box="[151,535,1350,1375]" page="279" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" year="1875">
<taxonomicName id="BAEAAAFDFFBCFFC3FF4BFAE5C64E5F2E" authority="Emerton, 1875: 279" authorityName="Emerton" authorityPageNumber="279" authorityYear="1875" box="[151,535,1350,1375]" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidus">
<emphasis id="4F9E0D6CFFBCFFC3FF4BFAE5C51C5F2F" box="[151,325,1350,1374]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Nesticus pallidus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="197BAC8FFFBCFFC3FE97FAE5C64E5F2E" author="Emerton, J. H." box="[331,535,1350,1375]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" pagination="278 - 281" refId="ref9886" refString="Emerton, J. H. (1875) Notes on spiders from Caves in Kentucky, Virginia and Indiana. American Naturalist, 9, 278 - 281. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 271488" type="journal article" year="1875">Emerton, 1875: 279</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 1, f. 22–27 (♁
<specimenCount id="6BEC1AF7FFBCFFC3FD0FFAEAC6BC5F10" box="[723,741,1352,1377]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D55D17EFFBCFFC3FF4BFAC4C6F65F0C" blockId="10.[151,806,1350,1467]" box="[151,687,1381,1405]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5DFAF650FFBCFFC3FF4BFAC4C6F65F0C" box="[151,687,1381,1405]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
<treatmentCitation id="FC4BF76FFFBCFFC3FF4BFAC4C6545F0C" author="Banks, N." box="[151,525,1381,1405]" page="48" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" year="1892">
<taxonomicName id="BAEAAAFDFFBCFFC3FF4BFAC4C6545F0C" authority="Banks, 1892: 48" authorityName="Banks" authorityPageNumber="48" authorityYear="1892" box="[151,525,1381,1405]" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Microneta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigantea">
<emphasis id="4F9E0D6CFFBCFFC3FF4BFAC4C5065F0C" box="[151,351,1382,1405]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Microneta gigantea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="197BAC8FFFBCFFC3FEB9FAC7C6545F0C" author="Banks, N." box="[357,525,1381,1405]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" pagination="11 - 81" refId="ref9201" refString="Banks, N. (1892) The spider fauna of the Upper Cayuga Lake Basin. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 44, 11 - 81." type="journal article" year="1892">Banks, 1892: 48</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 2, f. 52 (
<specimenCount id="6BEC1AF7FFBCFFC3FD4CFAC7C6F85F0C" box="[656,673,1381,1405]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
).
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D55D17EFFBCFFC3FF4BFA26C6085FEF" blockId="10.[151,806,1350,1467]" box="[151,593,1412,1438]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5DFAF650FFBCFFC3FF4BFA26C6085FEF" box="[151,593,1412,1438]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
<treatmentCitation id="FC4BF76FFFBCFFC3FF4BFA26C6545FED" author="Banks, N." box="[151,525,1412,1436]" page="186" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" year="1898">
<taxonomicName id="BAEAAAFDFFBCFFC3FF4BFA26C6545FED" authority="Banks, 1898 a: 186" authorityName="Banks" authorityPageNumber="186" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,525,1412,1436]" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cavicola">
<emphasis id="4F9E0D6CFFBCFFC3FF4BFA26C5105FED" box="[151,329,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Nesticus cavicola</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="197BAC8FFFBCFFC3FE8CFA26C6545FED" author="Banks, N." box="[336,525,1412,1436]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" pagination="205 - 308" refId="ref9234" refString="Banks, N. (1898 a) Arachnida from Baja California and other parts of Mexico. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 1, 205 - 308." type="journal article" year="1898">Banks, 1898a: 186</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(♁
<specimenCount id="6BEC1AF7FFBCFFC3FDF3FA27C6185FEF" box="[559,577,1413,1438]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D55D17EFFBCFFC3FF4BFA01C77F5FCB" blockId="10.[151,806,1350,1467]" box="[151,806,1442,1467]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">See the World Spider Catalog for the complete list of references.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="35F082F5FFBCFFC3FF4BFA4AC0195D36" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7D55D17EFFBCFFC3FF4BFA4AC0195D36" blockId="10.[151,1437,1512,2043]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
<emphasis id="4F9E0D6CFFBCFFC3FF4BFA4AC5D85C73" bold="true" box="[151,385,1512,1538]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="CD82DB23FFBCFFC3FE54FA4AC06D5C72" box="[392,1076,1512,1541]" collectionCode="DNPC" collectorName="Padova &amp; Baone" country="Italy" location="Veneto Region" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" specimenCount="13" specimenCount-female="13" stateProvince="Veneto">
<emphasis id="4F9E0D6CFFBCFFC3FE54FA4AC6C65C73" bold="true" box="[392,671,1512,1539]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
<collectingCountry id="05FD91EEFFBCFFC3FE54FA4AC5875C73" box="[392,478,1512,1538]" name="Italy" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">ITALY</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="BF2E1F9CFFBCFFC3FE35FA4BC6C05C73" box="[489,665,1512,1539]" country="Italy" name="Veneto" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Veneto Region</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
41♁,
<specimenCount id="6BEC1AF7FFBCFFC3FD39FA4BC74E5C72" box="[741,791,1513,1539]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="female">13♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectorName id="D01FB4A8FFBCFFC3FCF8FA4BC7205C72" box="[804,889,1513,1539]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Padova</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="D01FB4A8FFBCFFC3FC59FA4BC7945C72" box="[901,973,1513,1539]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Baone</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="1BFB49BBFFBCFFC3FC07FA4BC0755C72" box="[987,1068,1513,1539]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">DNPC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 4♁,
<materialsCitation id="CD82DB23FFBCFFC3FBACFA4BC1C15C72" box="[1136,1432,1513,1539]" collectionCode="FBPC" collectorName="Padova &amp; Baone" country="Italy" location="Veneto Region" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Veneto">
<specimenCount id="6BEC1AF7FFBCFFC3FBACFA4BC0CC5C72" box="[1136,1173,1513,1539]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
, same locality (
<collectionCode id="1BFB49BBFFBCFFC3FA99FA4BC1C95C72" box="[1349,1424,1513,1539]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">FBPC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 2♁,
<materialsCitation id="CD82DB23FFBCFFC3FF15F9AFC64D5C56" box="[201,532,1549,1575]" collectionCode="MSNBG" collectorName="Padova &amp; Baone" country="Italy" location="Veneto Region" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Veneto">
<specimenCount id="6BEC1AF7FFBCFFC3FF15F9AFC4B45C56" box="[201,237,1549,1575]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
, same locality (
<collectionCode id="1BFB49BBFFBCFFC3FE7DF9AFC6525C56" box="[417,523,1549,1575]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">MSNBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 22♁,
<materialsCitation id="CD82DB23FFBCFFC3FDBCF9AFC7FD5C56" box="[608,932,1549,1575]" collectionCode="DNPC" country="Italy" location="Cinto Euganeo" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4" stateProvince="Veneto">
<specimenCount id="6BEC1AF7FFBCFFC3FDBCF9AFC6DC5C56" box="[608,645,1549,1575]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
,
<location id="783587A5FFBCFFC3FD4EF9AFC7625C56" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F5436068FFBCFFC4FF4BFAA5C7F25CCC:783587A5FFBCFFC3FD4EF9AFC7625C56" box="[658,827,1549,1575]" country="Italy" name="Cinto Euganeo" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Veneto">Cinto Euganeo</location>
(
<collectionCode id="1BFB49BBFFBCFFC3FC97F9AFC7C55C56" box="[843,924,1549,1575]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">DNPC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 3♁,
<materialsCitation id="CD82DB23FFBCFFC3FC3FF9AFC1745C56" box="[995,1325,1549,1575]" collectionCode="MSNBG" country="Italy" location="Cinto Euganeo" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4" stateProvince="Veneto">
<specimenCount id="6BEC1AF7FFBCFFC3FC3FF9AFC05E5C56" box="[995,1031,1549,1575]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
, same locality (
<collectionCode id="1BFB49BBFFBCFFC3FB67F9AFC17C5C56" box="[1211,1317,1549,1575]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">MSNBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 10♁,
<materialsCitation id="CD82DB23FFBCFFC3FAA5F9AFC53B5C3A" collectionCode="DNPC" country="Italy" location="Rovolon" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Veneto">
<specimenCount id="6BEC1AF7FFBCFFC3FAA5F9AFC1C55C56" box="[1401,1436,1549,1575]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<location id="783587A5FFBCFFC3FF4BF993C4AE5C3A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F5436068FFBCFFC4FF4BFAA5C7F25CCC:783587A5FFBCFFC3FF4BF993C4AE5C3A" box="[151,247,1585,1611]" country="Italy" name="Rovolon" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Veneto">Rovolon</location>
(
<collectionCode id="1BFB49BBFFBCFFC3FED5F993C5035C3A" box="[265,346,1585,1611]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">DNPC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="CD82DB23FFBCFFC3FEACF990C6E75C3A" box="[368,702,1585,1613]" collectionCode="MSNBG" country="Italy" location="Rovolon" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Veneto">
2♁, same locality (
<collectionCode id="1BFB49BBFFBCFFC3FD90F993C6EF5C3A" box="[588,694,1585,1611]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">MSNBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="CD82DB23FFBCFFC3FD17F993C7F85C3A" box="[715,929,1585,1611]" collectionCode="DNPC" country="Italy" location="Teolo" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Veneto">
<specimenCount id="6BEC1AF7FFBCFFC3FD17F993C6B75C3A" box="[715,750,1585,1611]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<location id="783587A5FFBCFFC3FD2BF993C76F5C3A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F5436068FFBCFFC4FF4BFAA5C7F25CCC:783587A5FFBCFFC3FD2BF993C76F5C3A" box="[759,822,1585,1611]" country="Italy" name="Teolo" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Veneto">Teolo</location>
(
<collectionCode id="1BFB49BBFFBCFFC3FC94F993C7C05C3A" box="[840,921,1585,1611]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">DNPC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 18♁,
<materialsCitation id="CD82DB23FFBCFFC3FC2CF993C0AD5C3A" box="[1008,1268,1585,1611]" collectionCode="DNPC" country="Italy" location="Torreglia" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Veneto">
<specimenCount id="6BEC1AF7FFBCFFC3FC2CF993C04D5C3A" box="[1008,1044,1585,1611]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
,
<location id="783587A5FFBCFFC3FBFFF993C0D05C3A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F5436068FFBCFFC4FF4BFAA5C7F25CCC:783587A5FFBCFFC3FBFFF993C0D05C3A" box="[1059,1161,1585,1611]" country="Italy" name="Torreglia" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Veneto">Torreglia</location>
(
<collectionCode id="1BFB49BBFFBCFFC3FB47F993C0B55C3A" box="[1179,1260,1585,1611]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">DNPC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 10♁,
<materialsCitation id="CD82DB23FFBCFFC3FA9FF993C4A15C1E" collectionCode="DNPC" country="Italy" location="Vo'" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Veneto">
<specimenCount id="6BEC1AF7FFBCFFC3FA9FF993C1315C3A" box="[1347,1384,1585,1611]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
,
<location id="783587A5FFBCFFC3FAAAF993C1C55C3A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F5436068FFBCFFC4FF4BFAA5C7F25CCC:783587A5FFBCFFC3FAAAF993C1C55C3A" box="[1398,1436,1585,1611]" country="Italy" name="Vo'" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Veneto">Vo’</location>
(
<collectionCode id="1BFB49BBFFBCFFC3FF43F9F7C4A95C1E" box="[159,240,1621,1647]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">DNPC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 10♁,
<materialsCitation id="CD82DB23FFBCFFC3FE9FF9F7C6D25C1E" box="[323,651,1621,1647]" collectionCode="MSNBG" country="Italy" location="Vo'" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Veneto">
<specimenCount id="6BEC1AF7FFBCFFC3FE9FF9F7C53F5C1E" box="[323,358,1621,1647]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, same locality (
<collectionCode id="1BFB49BBFFBCFFC3FDC5F9F7C6DA5C1E" box="[537,643,1621,1647]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">MSNBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 1♁,
<materialsCitation id="CD82DB23FFBCFFC3FD14F9F7C01C5C1E" box="[712,1093,1621,1647]" collectionCode="DNPC" country="Italy" location="Gambellara" municipality="Vicenza" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Veneto">
<specimenCount id="6BEC1AF7FFBCFFC3FD14F9F7C6B35C1E" box="[712,746,1621,1647]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<collectingMunicipality id="9D314B04FFBCFFC3FD2DF9F7C7175C1E" box="[753,846,1621,1647]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Vicenza</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="783587A5FFBCFFC3FC86F9F7C7845C1E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F5436068FFBCFFC4FF4BFAA5C7F25CCC:783587A5FFBCFFC3FC86F9F7C7845C1E" box="[858,989,1621,1647]" country="Italy" municipality="Vicenza" name="Gambellara" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Veneto">Gambellara</location>
(
<collectionCode id="1BFB49BBFFBCFFC3FC30F9F7C0645C1E" box="[1004,1085,1621,1647]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">DNPC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="CD82DB23FFBCFFC3FB8CF9F4C1C15C1E" box="[1104,1432,1621,1649]" collectionCode="MSNBG" country="Italy" location="Gambellara" municipality="Vicenza" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Veneto">
1♁, same locality (
<collectionCode id="1BFB49BBFFBCFFC3FAFAF9F7C1C95C1E" box="[1318,1424,1621,1647]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">MSNBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 1; 5♁,
<materialsCitation id="CD82DB23FFBCFFC3FF32F9DBC6DB5CE2" box="[238,642,1657,1683]" collectionCode="DNPC" country="Italy" location="Montebello Vicentino" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Veneto">
<specimenCount id="6BEC1AF7FFBCFFC3FF32F9DBC5485CE2" box="[238,273,1657,1683]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<location id="783587A5FFBCFFC3FEC1F9DBC64F5CE2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F5436068FFBCFFC4FF4BFAA5C7F25CCC:783587A5FFBCFFC3FEC1F9DBC64F5CE2" box="[285,534,1657,1683]" country="Italy" name="Montebello Vicentino" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Veneto">Montebello Vicentino</location>
(
<collectionCode id="1BFB49BBFFBCFFC3FDF5F9DBC6235CE2" box="[553,634,1657,1683]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">DNPC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="CD82DB23FFBCFFC3FD4EF9D8C7BF5CE2" box="[658,998,1657,1685]" collectionCode="MSNBG" country="Italy" location="Montebello Vicentino" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Veneto">
1♁, same locality (
<collectionCode id="1BFB49BBFFBCFFC3FCA8F9DBC7845CE2" box="[884,989,1657,1683]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">MSNBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
, all in vineyard with pitfall traps, G. Trespidi &amp; A. Turetta leg.; 1♁,
<materialsCitation id="CD82DB23FFBCFFC3FE24F93FC7EB5CC6" box="[504,946,1693,1719]" collectionCode="MSNBG" collectorName="D. Nardi" country="Italy" location="Val Liona" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Veneto">
<specimenCount id="6BEC1AF7FFBCFFC3FE24F93FC6425CC6" box="[504,539,1693,1719]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<location id="783587A5FFBCFFC3FDFEF93FC6CA5CC6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F5436068FFBCFFC4FF4BFAA5C7F25CCC:783587A5FFBCFFC3FDFEF93FC6CA5CC6" box="[546,659,1693,1719]" country="Italy" name="Val Liona" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Veneto">Val Liona</location>
,
<collectorName id="D01FB4A8FFBCFFC3FD42F93FC7595CC6" box="[670,768,1693,1719]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">D. Nardi</collectorName>
leg. (
<collectionCode id="1BFB49BBFFBCFFC3FC9CF93FC7F35CC6" box="[832,938,1693,1719]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">MSNBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 19♁,
<materialsCitation id="CD82DB23FFBCFFC3FC20F93EC7475CAA" collectionCode="MSNBG" collectorName="G. Barbieri" country="Italy" location="Chioggia" municipality="Venezia" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="5" stateProvince="Veneto">
<specimenCount id="6BEC1AF7FFBCFFC3FC20F93EC0785CC6" box="[1020,1057,1692,1719]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="female">5♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="9D314B04FFBCFFC3FBF1F93FC0D05CC6" box="[1069,1161,1693,1719]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Venezia</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="783587A5FFBCFFC3FB48F93FC0A75CC6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F5436068FFBCFFC4FF4BFAA5C7F25CCC:783587A5FFBCFFC3FB48F93FC0A75CC6" box="[1172,1278,1693,1719]" country="Italy" municipality="Venezia" name="Chioggia" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Veneto">Chioggia</location>
, wetland/field margin/crop field,
<collectingMethod id="A4ABA969FFBCFFC3FEBAF963C5B15CAA" box="[358,488,1729,1755]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">pitfall traps</collectingMethod>
,
<collectorName id="D01FB4A8FFBCFFC3FE2EF963C6365CAA" box="[498,623,1729,1755]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">G. Barbieri</collectorName>
leg. (
<collectionCode id="1BFB49BBFFBCFFC3FD70F963C74F5CAA" box="[684,790,1729,1755]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">MSNBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="CD82DB23FFBCFFC3FCF4F962C7785C8E" collectionCode="MSNBG" collectorName="F. Lami" country="Italy" location="Muzzana del Turgnano" municipality="Udine" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Friuli-Venezia Giulia">
<emphasis id="4F9E0D6CFFBCFFC3FCF4F962C0DF5CAB" bold="true" box="[808,1158,1728,1754]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
<collectingRegion id="BF2E1F9CFFBCFFC3FCF4F962C0D85CAB" box="[808,1153,1728,1754]" country="Italy" name="Friuli-Venezia Giulia" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Friuli-Venezia Giulia Region</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
1♁,
<collectingMunicipality id="9D314B04FFBCFFC3FB60F963C15A5CAA" box="[1212,1283,1729,1755]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Udine</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="783587A5FFBCFFC3FAD1F963C55C5C8E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F5436068FFBCFFC4FF4BFAA5C7F25CCC:783587A5FFBCFFC3FAD1F963C55C5C8E" country="Italy" municipality="Udine" name="Muzzana del Turgnano" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Muzzana del Turgnano</location>
, crop field,
<collectingMethod id="A4ABA969FFBCFFC3FE57F947C6575C8E" box="[395,526,1765,1791]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">pitfall traps</collectingMethod>
,
<collectorName id="D01FB4A8FFBCFFC3FDC5F947C6365C8E" box="[537,623,1765,1791]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">F. Lami</collectorName>
leg. (
<collectionCode id="1BFB49BBFFBCFFC3FD72F947C7415C8E" box="[686,792,1765,1791]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">MSNBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="CD82DB23FFBCFFC3FCF0F946C13E5C8E" box="[812,1383,1764,1793]" collectionCode="MSNBG" collectorName="Rende" country="Italy" location="Cosenza" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Calabria">
<emphasis id="4F9E0D6CFFBCFFC3FCF0F946C7A35C8F" bold="true" box="[812,1018,1764,1790]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
<collectingRegion id="BF2E1F9CFFBCFFC3FCF0F946C7AD5C8F" box="[812,1012,1764,1790]" country="Italy" name="Calabria" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Calabria Region</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
2♁,
<location id="783587A5FFBCFFC3FBEEF947C0CD5C8E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F5436068FFBCFFC4FF4BFAA5C7F25CCC:783587A5FFBCFFC3FBEEF947C0CD5C8E" box="[1074,1172,1765,1791]" country="Italy" name="Cosenza" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Calabria">Cosenza</location>
,
<collectorName id="D01FB4A8FFBCFFC3FB43F947C0BE5C8E" box="[1183,1255,1765,1791]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Rende</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="1BFB49BBFFBCFFC3FB29F947C1065C8E" box="[1269,1375,1765,1791]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">MSNBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="CD82DB23FFBCFFC3FAAEF944C52E5D52" collectionCode="MSNBG" country="Italy" location="Rossano" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Calabria">
5♁,
<location id="783587A5FFBCFFC3FF4BF8ABC4AF5D52" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F5436068FFBCFFC4FF4BFAA5C7F25CCC:783587A5FFBCFFC3FF4BF8ABC4AF5D52" box="[151,246,1801,1827]" country="Italy" name="Rossano" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Calabria">Rossano</location>
(
<collectionCode id="1BFB49BBFFBCFFC3FEDAF8ABC5365D52" box="[262,367,1801,1827]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">MSNBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
, all in olive orchard, pitfall traps, P. Rizzo leg. Collecting dates and additional information on the examined Italian specimens are provided in Supplementary Materials,
<tableCitation id="3068E4C5FFBCFFC3FC0BF88FC0655D36" box="[983,1084,1837,1863]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="10.[151,239,584,608]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="TABLE 2. Habitat x status contingency table and results of proportion tests." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/299581F6FFBCFFC3FF4BFDEAC79C5811" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" tableUuid="299581F6FFBCFFC3FF4BFDEAC79C5811">Table S2</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="35F082F5FFBCFFC4FF1BF8F2C52B5BF8" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="234" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7D55D17EFFBCFFC4FF1BF8F2C52B5BF8" blockId="10.[151,1437,1512,2043]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,151,1725]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="234" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
<emphasis id="4F9E0D6CFFBCFFC3FF1BF8F2C51B5D1B" bold="true" box="[199,322,1872,1898]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BAEAAAFDFFBCFFC3FE9BF8F3C6755D1A" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Emerton" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[327,556,1873,1899]" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Eidmannella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallida">
<emphasis id="4F9E0D6CFFBCFFC3FE9BF8F3C6755D1A" box="[327,556,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Eidmannella pallida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be easily distinguished from most
<taxonomicName id="BAEAAAFDFFBCFFC3FC00F8F3C00B5D1A" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1894" box="[988,1106,1873,1899]" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Nesticidae</taxonomicName>
by the small size and the pale coloration lacking any dorsal pattern (
<figureCitation id="E5D1CDFBFFBCFFC3FD99F8D7C6E25DFE" box="[581,699,1909,1935]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[204,1383,181,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[204,1383,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Eidmannella pallida, male and female from northeast Italy.A–D Male palp in ventral view (A), in retrolateral view (B), in prolateral view (C), in dorsal view (D). E, Habitus of male. F, Habitus of female. G, Epigynum, ventral view. H, Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Ad = anterior diverticulum of the ventral pockets; Cd = copulatory duct; Co = copulatory opening; Mp = median plate; S = spermatheca; Sc = scapus; Vp = ventral pocket. Scale bars: A–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 1 mm; G–H, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8391462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8391462/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Fig. 2E, F</figureCitation>
). Males can be further recognized by the following combinations of characters: paracymbium with only 2 short distal apophyses (Di-I, II) and a short ventral apophysis (Va), a trapezoidal radical apophysis strongly protruding from the radix, a thick threadlike embolus gradually thinning in the last trait, a strongly-developed and prominent median process of conductor (Cm) wrapped around the tip of embolus, and a strongly reduced and barely visible retrolateral process (Cr) (vs. different shape and level of development of processes in other nesticids) (
<figureCitation id="E5D1CDFBFFBBFFC4FE3BFF19C6295AA4" box="[487,624,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[204,1383,181,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[204,1383,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Eidmannella pallida, male and female from northeast Italy.A–D Male palp in ventral view (A), in retrolateral view (B), in prolateral view (C), in dorsal view (D). E, Habitus of male. F, Habitus of female. G, Epigynum, ventral view. H, Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Ad = anterior diverticulum of the ventral pockets; Cd = copulatory duct; Co = copulatory opening; Mp = median plate; S = spermatheca; Sc = scapus; Vp = ventral pocket. Scale bars: A–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 1 mm; G–H, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8391462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8391462/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Figs. 2A–D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E5D1CDFBFFBBFFC4FDA0FF19C69B5AA4" box="[636,706,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1771,1795]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1747]" captionTargetId="figure-22@12.[151,1436,181,1747]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Eidmannella pallida, details of the male palp at the SEM microscope.A, Male palp, general ventral view. B, Detail of radix. C, Tip of embolus. D, Details of embolus. E, Details of paracymbium. Abbreviations: C = cymbium; Ct = conductor; Cm = median process of conductor; Cp = prolateral process of conductor; Cr = retrolateral process of conductor; Di (I, II) = distal apophyses of paracymbium; E = embolus; Et = tip of embolus; P = paracymbium; Ra = radical apophysis; Rx = radix; St = subtegulum; T = tegulum; Va = ventral apophysis of paracymbium. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B, D, E, 50 µm; C, 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8391464" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8391464/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">3A–E</figureCitation>
). Females can be distinguished by the following combination of diagnostic characters of epigynum and vulva: a short and wide scapus (Sc) partially covered by a triangular median plate (Mp), anterior diverticula clearly visible by transparency in the frontal part of epigynum, and large ventral pockets partially covering the copulatory ducts and spermathecae (vs. different shape of epigynum and vulva in other
<taxonomicName id="BAEAAAFDFFBBFFC4FF07FEE9C50A5B14" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1894" box="[219,339,331,357]" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="234" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Nesticidae</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="E5D1CDFBFFBBFFC4FEB0FEE9C5B65B14" box="[364,495,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[204,1383,181,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[204,1383,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Eidmannella pallida, male and female from northeast Italy.A–D Male palp in ventral view (A), in retrolateral view (B), in prolateral view (C), in dorsal view (D). E, Habitus of male. F, Habitus of female. G, Epigynum, ventral view. H, Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Ad = anterior diverticulum of the ventral pockets; Cd = copulatory duct; Co = copulatory opening; Mp = median plate; S = spermatheca; Sc = scapus; Vp = ventral pocket. Scale bars: A–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 1 mm; G–H, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8391462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8391462/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Fig. 2G, H</figureCitation>
). For the separation of
<taxonomicName id="BAEAAAFDFFBBFFC4FCDDFEE9C72B5B14" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Emerton" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[769,882,331,357]" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Eidmannella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="234" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallida">
<emphasis id="4F9E0D6CFFBBFFC4FCDDFEE9C72B5B14" box="[769,882,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">E. pallida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from other congeneric
<taxonomicName id="BAEAAAFDFFBBFFC4FB59FEE9C1365B14" box="[1157,1391,331,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">
<emphasis id="4F9E0D6CFFBBFFC4FB59FEE9C14D5B14" box="[1157,1300,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Eidmannella</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
see
<bibRefCitation id="197BAC8FFFBBFFC4FF4BFECDC5375BF8" author="Gertsch, W. J." box="[151,366,366,393]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref10510" refString="Gertsch, W. J. (1984) The Spider Family Nesticidae (Araneae) in North America, Central America, and the West Indies. Texas Memorial Museum Bulletin, 31, 1 - 91." type="journal article" year="1984">Gertsch (1984: 55)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="299581F6FFBDFFC2FF4BF8F0C1C85DA4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8391462" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8391462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8391462/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" startId="11.[151,250,1874,1898]" targetBox="[204,1383,181,1834]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="7D55D17EFFBDFFC2FF4BF8F0C1C85DA4" blockId="11.[151,1436,1874,2006]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232">
<emphasis id="4F9E0D6CFFBDFFC2FF4BF8F0C5555D1B" bold="true" box="[151,268,1874,1898]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="BAEAAAFDFFBDFFC2FEC4F8F0C5BE5D1B" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Emerton" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[280,487,1874,1898]" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Eidmannella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallida">
<emphasis id="4F9E0D6CFFBDFFC2FEC4F8F0C5BE5D1B" box="[280,487,1874,1898]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="232">Eidmannella pallida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, male and female from northeast Italy. A–D Male palp in ventral view (A), in retrolateral view (B), in prolateral view (C), in dorsal view (D). E, Habitus of male. F, Habitus of female. G, Epigynum, ventral view. H, Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Ad = anterior diverticulum of the ventral pockets; Cd = copulatory duct; Co = copulatory opening; Mp = median plate; S = spermatheca; Sc = scapus; Vp = ventral pocket. Scale bars: A–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 1 mm; G–H, 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="299581F6FFBAFFC5FF4BF949C10E5DE2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8391464" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8391464" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8391464/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="233" startId="12.[151,250,1771,1795]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1747]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="7D55D17EFFBAFFC5FF4BF949C10E5DE2" blockId="12.[151,1437,1771,1939]" pageId="12" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis id="4F9E0D6CFFBAFFC5FF4BF949C54B5D72" bold="true" box="[151,274,1771,1795]" pageId="12" pageNumber="233">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BAEAAAFDFFBAFFC5FEC4F949C5BE5D72" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Emerton" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[280,487,1771,1795]" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Eidmannella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="12" pageNumber="233" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallida">
<emphasis id="4F9E0D6CFFBAFFC5FEC4F949C5BE5D72" box="[280,487,1771,1795]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="233">Eidmannella pallida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, details of the male palp at the SEM microscope. A, Male palp, general ventral view. B, Detail of radix. C, Tip of embolus. D, Details of embolus. E, Details of paracymbium. Abbreviations: C = cymbium; Ct = conductor; Cm = median process of conductor; Cp = prolateral process of conductor; Cr = retrolateral process of conductor; Di (I, II) = distal apophyses of paracymbium; E = embolus; Et = tip of embolus; P = paracymbium; Ra = radical apophysis; Rx = radix; St = subtegulum; T = tegulum; Va = ventral apophysis of paracymbium. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B, D, E, 50 µm; C, 20 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="35F082F5FFBBFFC4FF1BFE30C6EF5F08" pageId="13" pageNumber="234" type="description">
<paragraph id="7D55D17EFFBBFFC4FF1BFE30C7745BDC" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1725]" box="[199,813,402,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">
<emphasis id="4F9E0D6CFFBBFFC4FF1BFE30C5345BDD" bold="true" box="[199,365,402,428]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Redescription</emphasis>
(based on specimens from North
<collectingCountry id="05FD91EEFFBBFFC4FD35FE31C7785BDC" box="[745,801,403,429]" name="Italy" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Italy</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D55D17EFFBBFFC4FF1BFE15C54058BC" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">
<emphasis id="4F9E0D6CFFBBFFC4FF1BFE15C5525BA0" bold="true" box="[199,267,439,465]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Male.</emphasis>
Habitus as in
<figureCitation id="E5D1CDFBFFBBFFC4FE6DFE15C6505BA0" box="[433,521,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[204,1383,181,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[204,1383,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Eidmannella pallida, male and female from northeast Italy.A–D Male palp in ventral view (A), in retrolateral view (B), in prolateral view (C), in dorsal view (D). E, Habitus of male. F, Habitus of female. G, Epigynum, ventral view. H, Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Ad = anterior diverticulum of the ventral pockets; Cd = copulatory duct; Co = copulatory opening; Mp = median plate; S = spermatheca; Sc = scapus; Vp = ventral pocket. Scale bars: A–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 1 mm; G–H, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8391462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8391462/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
. Total length. 2.57, Prosoma 1.22 long, 1.01 wide. Carapace rounded, uniformly yellowish with inconspicuous striae. Cervical groove slightly visible, with a light dark margin, fovea indistinct. Eight eyes all well developed, AME the smallest. Eyes measurements: AME = 0.06, ALE = 0.08, PME = 0.09, PLE = 0.09, AME–ALE = 0.05, ALE–PLE = 0.06. Chelicerae, labium, maxillae and sternum of same yellowish color as carapace. Legs uniformly yellowish. Leg formula. I, IV, II, III. Legs measurements: I 5.74 (1.54, 0.48, 1.50, 1.49, 0.74), II 4.35 (1.24, 0.40, 1.07, 0.99, 0.65), III 3.51 (1.04, 0.35, 0.72, 0.85, 0.55), IV 5.03 (1.45, 0.43, 1.22, 1.28, 0.65). Opisthosoma lacking any clear pattern, uniformly greyish with sparce slightly lighter marks on the dorsal and lateral side.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D55D17EFFBBFFC4FF1BFD75C084599C" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">
Male palp as in
<figureCitation id="E5D1CDFBFFBBFFC4FE58FD75C6555880" box="[388,524,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[204,1383,181,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[204,1383,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Eidmannella pallida, male and female from northeast Italy.A–D Male palp in ventral view (A), in retrolateral view (B), in prolateral view (C), in dorsal view (D). E, Habitus of male. F, Habitus of female. G, Epigynum, ventral view. H, Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Ad = anterior diverticulum of the ventral pockets; Cd = copulatory duct; Co = copulatory opening; Mp = median plate; S = spermatheca; Sc = scapus; Vp = ventral pocket. Scale bars: A–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 1 mm; G–H, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8391462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8391462/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Figs. 2A–D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E5D1CDFBFFBBFFC4FDC6FD75C6065880" box="[538,607,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1771,1795]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1747]" captionTargetId="figure-22@12.[151,1436,181,1747]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Eidmannella pallida, details of the male palp at the SEM microscope.A, Male palp, general ventral view. B, Detail of radix. C, Tip of embolus. D, Details of embolus. E, Details of paracymbium. Abbreviations: C = cymbium; Ct = conductor; Cm = median process of conductor; Cp = prolateral process of conductor; Cr = retrolateral process of conductor; Di (I, II) = distal apophyses of paracymbium; E = embolus; Et = tip of embolus; P = paracymbium; Ra = radical apophysis; Rx = radix; St = subtegulum; T = tegulum; Va = ventral apophysis of paracymbium. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B, D, E, 50 µm; C, 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8391464" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8391464/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">3A–E</figureCitation>
. Cymbium ovoid with 2–3 thicker, barbed hairs on the antero-prolateral margin (
<figureCitation id="E5D1CDFBFFBBFFC4FF28FD59C5325964" box="[244,363,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[204,1383,181,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[204,1383,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Eidmannella pallida, male and female from northeast Italy.A–D Male palp in ventral view (A), in retrolateral view (B), in prolateral view (C), in dorsal view (D). E, Habitus of male. F, Habitus of female. G, Epigynum, ventral view. H, Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Ad = anterior diverticulum of the ventral pockets; Cd = copulatory duct; Co = copulatory opening; Mp = median plate; S = spermatheca; Sc = scapus; Vp = ventral pocket. Scale bars: A–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 1 mm; G–H, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8391462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8391462/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Fig. 2C, D</figureCitation>
). Paracymbium with 2 short and blunt, distal apophyses (Di-I, II) and 1 longer and sharper ventral apophysis (Va) (
<figureCitation id="E5D1CDFBFFBBFFC4FE91FCBDC5AD5948" box="[333,500,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[204,1383,181,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[204,1383,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Eidmannella pallida, male and female from northeast Italy.A–D Male palp in ventral view (A), in retrolateral view (B), in prolateral view (C), in dorsal view (D). E, Habitus of male. F, Habitus of female. G, Epigynum, ventral view. H, Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Ad = anterior diverticulum of the ventral pockets; Cd = copulatory duct; Co = copulatory opening; Mp = median plate; S = spermatheca; Sc = scapus; Vp = ventral pocket. Scale bars: A–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 1 mm; G–H, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8391462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8391462/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Figs. 2A, B, D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="E5D1CDFBFFBBFFC4FE23FCBDC61D5948" box="[511,580,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1771,1795]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1747]" captionTargetId="figure-22@12.[151,1436,181,1747]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. Eidmannella pallida, details of the male palp at the SEM microscope.A, Male palp, general ventral view. B, Detail of radix. C, Tip of embolus. D, Details of embolus. E, Details of paracymbium. Abbreviations: C = cymbium; Ct = conductor; Cm = median process of conductor; Cp = prolateral process of conductor; Cr = retrolateral process of conductor; Di (I, II) = distal apophyses of paracymbium; E = embolus; Et = tip of embolus; P = paracymbium; Ra = radical apophysis; Rx = radix; St = subtegulum; T = tegulum; Va = ventral apophysis of paracymbium. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B, D, E, 50 µm; C, 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8391464" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8391464/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">3A, E</figureCitation>
). Embolus (E) with a clockwise course, thread-like and long, thick for 2/3 of its length, narrowing in the last trait. Origin of embolus positioned at approx. 6:00 o’clock on radix (Rx). Radical apophysis (Ra) trapezoidal, strongly protruding prolaterally from the radix. Conductor with 3 distinct processes. Median process of conductor (Cm) strongly developed and strongly protruding antero-prolaterally, wrapped around tip of embolus and ending with a sharp tip. Prolateral process (Cp) wide and flat, headed counterclockwise around embolus. Retrolateral process (Cr) small and thick, similar to a small bulge. (
<figureCitation id="E5D1CDFBFFBBFFC4FC2AFC71C01B599C" box="[1014,1090,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[204,1383,181,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[204,1383,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Eidmannella pallida, male and female from northeast Italy.A–D Male palp in ventral view (A), in retrolateral view (B), in prolateral view (C), in dorsal view (D). E, Habitus of male. F, Habitus of female. G, Epigynum, ventral view. H, Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Ad = anterior diverticulum of the ventral pockets; Cd = copulatory duct; Co = copulatory opening; Mp = median plate; S = spermatheca; Sc = scapus; Vp = ventral pocket. Scale bars: A–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 1 mm; G–H, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8391462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8391462/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
A−C, 3A–D).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D55D17EFFBBFFC4FF1BFC55C0D95E0C" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">
<emphasis id="4F9E0D6CFFBBFFC4FF1BFC55C57C5E60" bold="true" box="[199,293,1015,1041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Female.</emphasis>
Habitus as in
<figureCitation id="E5D1CDFBFFBBFFC4FE0AFC55C6755E60" box="[470,556,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[204,1383,181,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[204,1383,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Eidmannella pallida, male and female from northeast Italy.A–D Male palp in ventral view (A), in retrolateral view (B), in prolateral view (C), in dorsal view (D). E, Habitus of male. F, Habitus of female. G, Epigynum, ventral view. H, Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Ad = anterior diverticulum of the ventral pockets; Cd = copulatory duct; Co = copulatory opening; Mp = median plate; S = spermatheca; Sc = scapus; Vp = ventral pocket. Scale bars: A–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 1 mm; G–H, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8391462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8391462/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">
Fig.
<specimenCount id="6BEC1AF7FFBBFFC4FDD1FC55C6755E60" box="[525,556,1015,1041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234" type="generic">2F</specimenCount>
</figureCitation>
. Total length 2.97, Prosoma 1.28 long, 1.11 wide. Carapace piriform. Eyes measurements: AME = 0.06, ALE = 0.09, PME = 0.09, PLE = 0.09, AME–ALE = 0.04, ALE–PLE = 0.06. Legs measurements: I 5.84 (1.69, 0.51, 1.46, 1.45, 0.73), II 4.47 (1.33, 0.46, 1.02, 1.06, 0.60), III 3.45 (1.03, 0.43, 0.68, 0.82, 0.49), IV 5.12 (1.58, 0.41, 1.26, 1.25, 0.62). Coloration and other details as in male.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D55D17EFFBBFFC4FF1BFB25C6EF5F08" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">
Epigynum and vulva as in
<figureCitation id="E5D1CDFBFFBBFFC4FDDAFB25C6D15ED0" box="[518,648,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[204,1383,181,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[204,1383,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Eidmannella pallida, male and female from northeast Italy.A–D Male palp in ventral view (A), in retrolateral view (B), in prolateral view (C), in dorsal view (D). E, Habitus of male. F, Habitus of female. G, Epigynum, ventral view. H, Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Ad = anterior diverticulum of the ventral pockets; Cd = copulatory duct; Co = copulatory opening; Mp = median plate; S = spermatheca; Sc = scapus; Vp = ventral pocket. Scale bars: A–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 1 mm; G–H, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8391462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8391462/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Fig. 2G, H</figureCitation>
. Scapus (Sc) short and wide, elongated laterally, ending with a flat posterior margin. Median plate (Mp) flat, partially covering scapus, ending with a triangular posterior margin (
<figureCitation id="E5D1CDFBFFBBFFC4FAB3FB09C4E45E98" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[204,1383,181,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[204,1383,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Eidmannella pallida, male and female from northeast Italy.A–D Male palp in ventral view (A), in retrolateral view (B), in prolateral view (C), in dorsal view (D). E, Habitus of male. F, Habitus of female. G, Epigynum, ventral view. H, Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Ad = anterior diverticulum of the ventral pockets; Cd = copulatory duct; Co = copulatory opening; Mp = median plate; S = spermatheca; Sc = scapus; Vp = ventral pocket. Scale bars: A–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 1 mm; G–H, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8391462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8391462/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Fig. 2G</figureCitation>
). Copulatory opening (Co) at the lateral sides of scapus. Internal ducts visible through the transparent tegument of median plate. Ventral pockets (Vp) wide, balloon-like, with a wrinkled surface. Anterior diverticula of ventral pockets (Ad), short, comma-like, converging to each other at the center. Copulatory ducts (Cd) S-shaped, headed first internally then anteriorly, gradually converging at the center. Spermathecae (S) round, separated from each other by approximately their diameter (
<figureCitation id="E5D1CDFBFFBBFFC4FD93FAFDC6F35F08" box="[591,682,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[204,1383,181,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[204,1383,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Eidmannella pallida, male and female from northeast Italy.A–D Male palp in ventral view (A), in retrolateral view (B), in prolateral view (C), in dorsal view (D). E, Habitus of male. F, Habitus of female. G, Epigynum, ventral view. H, Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: Ad = anterior diverticulum of the ventral pockets; Cd = copulatory duct; Co = copulatory opening; Mp = median plate; S = spermatheca; Sc = scapus; Vp = ventral pocket. Scale bars: A–D, 0.2 mm; E–F, 1 mm; G–H, 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8391462" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8391462/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Fig. 2H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="35F082F5FFBBFFC4FF1BFA21C7F25CCC" pageId="13" pageNumber="234" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="7D55D17EFFBBFFC4FF1BFA21C6465F94" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">
<emphasis id="4F9E0D6CFFBBFFC4FF1BFA21C5825FED" bold="true" box="[199,475,1410,1437]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Remarks on variation.</emphasis>
Male (based on
<specimenCount id="6BEC1AF7FFBBFFC4FD7FFA21C76E5FEC" box="[675,823,1411,1437]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234" type="generic">4 specimens</specimenCount>
): total length: 2.25–2.57, prosoma length: 1.09–1.22, prosoma width: 0.99–1.01. Female (based on
<specimenCount id="6BEC1AF7FFBBFFC4FD74FA05C7625FB0" box="[680,827,1447,1473]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234" type="generic">4 specimens</specimenCount>
): total length: 2.96–2.98, prosoma length: 1.25–1.28; prosoma width: female: 1.09–1.11.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D55D17EFFBBFFC4FF1BFA4DC7F25CCC" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">
<taxonomicName id="BAEAAAFDFFBBFFC4FF1BFA4DC5E85C78" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Emerton" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[199,433,1519,1545]" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Eidmannella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="234" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallida">
<emphasis id="4F9E0D6CFFBBFFC4FF1BFA4DC5E85C78" box="[199,433,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="234">Eidmannella pallida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
exhibits a wide range of different phenotypes among different populations with high variability in the coloration and pigmentation of the opisthosoma and the degree of eye atrophy (
<bibRefCitation id="197BAC8FFFBBFFC4FB2EF9B1C1C95C5C" author="Gertsch, W. J." box="[1266,1424,1555,1581]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref10510" refString="Gertsch, W. J. (1984) The Spider Family Nesticidae (Araneae) in North America, Central America, and the West Indies. Texas Memorial Museum Bulletin, 31, 1 - 91." type="journal article" year="1984">Gertsch 1984</bibRefCitation>
). Moreover, minor differences in the morphology of genitalia also exist as can be observed in published scientific drawings of this species, sometimes even among the same author (
<bibRefCitation id="197BAC8FFFBBFFC4FC7FF9F9C0375C04" author="Dumitrescu, M." box="[931,1134,1627,1653]" pageId="13" pageNumber="234" pagination="295 - 302" refId="ref9732" refString="Dumitrescu, M. (1973) Nesticus (Gondwanonesticus) dragani n. sgen., n. sp. - famille Nesticidae. Resultats des Expeditions Biospeologiques Cubano-Roumaines a Cuba, 1, 295 - 302." type="journal article" year="1973">Dumitrescu 1973</bibRefCitation>
). It is currently unclear if such differences can be considered as intraspecific variation of a single morphologically plastic species, or if these phenotypes represent a complex of closely related but distinct species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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