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<document id="C22340064AE12C4E0F921537528955AE" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4170.2.11" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4170.2.11" ID-GBIF-Dataset="82513179-f91c-483e-bc6c-68b73312cf66" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="198766" ID-ZooBank="FE34DD1B-26AF-4C94-B89C-3983857B0920" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1474615676554" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Zhang, Yan-Hong, Qin, Geng, Wang, Xin &amp; Lin, Qiang" docDate="2016" docId="701887FAFFE0FFBAFF2BF9C1FC27B918" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4170.2.11.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4170 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Hippocampus casscsio Zhang, Qin, Wang &amp; Lin, 2016, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="19723315-6F3C-42D2-935B-E457F4885761" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="389" masterDocId="8C21FF82FFE1FFBFFFBCFFBDFFEBBB24" masterDocTitle="A new species of seahorse (Teleostei: Syngnathidae) from the South China Sea" masterLastPageNumber="392" masterPageNumber="384" pageNumber="385" updateTime="1698387144976" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="68E814FF9A60FCF92180FB2B88E17273" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="968D91B0B4996ADEA85C09FEC8F11396">
<mods:title id="EB68EF6B4526BFA83ED3C788DF09FEDF">A new species of seahorse (Teleostei: Syngnathidae) from the South China Sea</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="625A7B9E840B1FE6370F37F2ECD27B8E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C140B662D14316E00FF499E68FB8F68E">
<mods:roleTerm id="7CD00CCF8973168D775BB35C436F2E8B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4537F4D32C7DF5B0E80DDDD59C00500A">Zhang, Yan-Hong</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="1DE4747A7E08F45D33AC491E35FC8BDD" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F83BAADC7F41D56971D1FBE5A6CADC9C">
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<mods:namePart id="DF08E6480FC6FF1C2FAD562885C3F371">Qin, Geng</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="DD93ECAEBB98C7E4BB044573FD0ECC86" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D4E4AC8372646C37AE4CAA793ECF8232">
<mods:roleTerm id="D5392A92CE12316325E8CB1BA3FFBF68">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="406D9F26BC1E4F48A676D38876E7A3F8">Wang, Xin</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5A708CE9C50ACF65EF7D399BFAB401DF" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D77703F7AC6095EA8B3D21A597681FA2">
<mods:roleTerm id="66E03DA0C1C74380D0150626416198A5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5F05197302F3F4CF417FC4562EDF6E94">Lin, Qiang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="3B75A8A39D88C3065F9CD7851127E14C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="92CEC40C21248E242980B7B24B6ADF75">
<mods:title id="ABF2C6CB050F88D2854C185A03A113A6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="98470354A560B3AABA611CB4C9187CE1">
<mods:date id="13FBD345864F19264FC4599FE347DF46">2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="F092BE8FB0F59273C49C21BFAEEC3D70" type="volume">
<mods:number id="66534A56CA9DE73A45E767DAB054C163">4170</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="60EC16A4694FC973B8A489968B9A2802" type="issue">
<mods:number id="B80AE62CA5DC48CF1AB7DEFB5DC640BA">2</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="2531DAE0758DDA24970D062E1E995F4A">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="01B7C2BFE0B165FB166A78D8B82F1C7B" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4170.2.11</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F7C35B0EF0F29148AEF4A6341B0EE20B" type="GBIF-Dataset">82513179-f91c-483e-bc6c-68b73312cf66</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E12608D58D4B4F479F43AD97BCFEEBE3" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B2320579B1845030C0E40831D3541632" type="Zenodo-Dep">198766</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B8C5A5F24B1E1DE32E530EDDC7517F4F" type="ZooBank">FE34DD1B-26AF-4C94-B89C-3983857B0920</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="701887FAFFE0FFBAFF2BF9C1FC27B918" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5611013" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124552815" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5611013" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:19723315-6F3C-42D2-935B-E457F4885761" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/701887FAFFE0FFBAFF2BF9C1FC27B918" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="389" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">
<subSubSection id="B0AB6567FFE0FFBEFF2BF9C1FE9EBD9C" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE0FFBEFF2BF9C1FDE6BDB3" blockId="1.[151,525,1660,1757]" box="[151,525,1660,1687]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">
<heading id="A3468180FFE0FFBEFF2BF9C1FDE6BDB3" bold="true" box="[151,525,1660,1687]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" reason="1">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE0FFBEFF2BF9C1FDE6BDB3" bold="true" box="[151,525,1660,1687]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE0FFBEFF2BF9C1FE43BDB2" ID-CoL="3LZKY" box="[151,424,1660,1686]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE0FFBEFF2BF9C1FE43BDB2" bold="true" box="[151,424,1660,1686]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">Hippocampus casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE0FFBEFE13F9C0FDE6BDB3" box="[431,525,1661,1687]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE0FFBEFF2BF922FE9EBD9C" blockId="1.[151,525,1660,1757]" box="[151,373,1695,1720]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">Beibu Bay seahorse</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0AB6567FFE0FFBEFF2BF979FE76BDF8" box="[151,413,1732,1757]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" type="description">
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE0FFBEFF2BF979FE76BDF8" blockId="1.[151,525,1660,1757]" box="[151,413,1732,1757]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">
<figureCitation id="608A2A69FFE0FFBEFF2BF979FF37BDF8" box="[151,220,1732,1757]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1408,1430]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,187,1383]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[340,1247,187,1383]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Holotype of Hippocampus casscsio sp. nov. (SCSMBC 007414, SL 90.5 mm, male)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/258583/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="608A2A69FFE0FFBEFF56F979FF12BDF8" box="[234,249,1732,1756]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[346,1229,380,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[340,1247,373,1589]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Comparison of morphological characteristics and body sizes among the three seahorses H. kuda, H. casscsio sp. nov., and H. mohinikei (a), and the principal components analysis (PCA) of the three species according to the morphological data (b)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198768/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">2</figureCitation>
a, 3, 4,
<tableCitation id="B5330357FFE0FFBEFEF7F979FE76BDF8" box="[331,413,1732,1757]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,239,152,175]" captionTargetBox="[159,1346,202,984]" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological characteristics of three seahorses H. casscsio sp. nov., H. kuda and H. mohnikei." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/ACCE6664FFE5FFBBFF2BFF25FAE5BB8B" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" tableUuid="ACCE6664FFE5FFBBFF2BFF25FAE5BB8B">Table 1</tableCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0AB6567FFE0FFBEFF2BF8B1FCEFBC91" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE0FFBEFF2BF8B1FCEFBC91" blockId="1.[151,1436,1804,1973]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">
<materialsCitation id="48D93CB1FFE0FFBEFF2BF8B1FD22BC6C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1314772812" collectingDate="2012-05-12" collectorName="Qiang Lin" country="China" elevation="15" latitude="21.333334" location="Beihai" longLatPrecision="1264" longitude="109.03333" municipality="Beibu Bay" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" specimenCode="SCSMBC007414" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE0FFBEFF2BF8B1FEE0BC00" bold="true" box="[151,267,1804,1828]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">
<typeStatus id="270A884EFFE0FFBEFF2BF8B1FEEDBC00" box="[151,262,1804,1828]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
SCSMBC007414 (SL
<quantity id="3F499B09FFE0FFBEFDB2F8B1FD9FBC00" box="[526,628,1804,1829]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.05" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="90.5">90.5 mm</quantity>
, male),
<location id="FD6E6037FFE0FFBEFD71F8B1FCF2BC01" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:701887FAFFE0FFBAFF2BF9C1FC27B918:FD6E6037FFE0FFBEFD71F8B1FCF2BC01" box="[717,793,1804,1829]" country="China" latitude="21.333334" longLatPrecision="1264" longitude="109.03333" municipality="Beibu Bay" name="Beihai" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">Beihai</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="186AAC96FFE0FFBEFC98F8B1FC77BC01" box="[804,924,1804,1829]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">Beibu Bay</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCountry id="80A6767CFFE0FFBEFC14F8B1FC00BC01" box="[936,1003,1804,1829]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="385">China</collectingCountry>
(approximately
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,
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), depth
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<quantity id="3F499B09FFE0FFBEFF60F892FEFCBC63" box="[220,279,1839,1864]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
</elevation>
, collected by
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,
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<date id="8C0F102CFFE0FFBEFD8DF88DFD22BC6C" box="[561,713,1840,1864]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" value="2012-05-12">12 May 2012</date>
</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="48D93CB1FFE0FFBEFD68F88DFCEFBC91" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1314772813" collectingDate="2012-05-12" collectorName="Qiang Lin" country="China" elevation="15" latitude="21.333334" location="Beihai" longLatPrecision="1264" longitude="109.03333" municipality="Beibu Bay" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" specimenCount="15" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="270A884EFFE0FFBEFD68F88DFCAEBC6C" box="[724,837,1840,1864]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: SCSMBC007415,
<specimenCount id="EEB7FD65FFE0FFBEFB9DF892FB52BC6C" box="[1057,1209,1839,1864]" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" type="generic">15 specimens</specimenCount>
(
<quantity id="3F499B09FFE0FFBEFB74F892FAD6BC63" box="[1224,1341,1839,1864]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.225" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="122.5">122.5 mm</quantity>
, female; 111.0 mm female; 132.0 mm, female;
<quantity id="3F499B09FFE0FFBEFDFEF8E9FD4ABC48" box="[578,673,1876,1900]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.04" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="104.0">104 mm</quantity>
, male;
<quantity id="3F499B09FFE0FFBEFD4EF8E9FC8DBC48" box="[754,870,1876,1901]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.005" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="100.5">100.5 mm</quantity>
, female;
<quantity id="3F499B09FFE0FFBEFC71F8E9FBABBC48" box="[973,1088,1876,1901]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.065" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="106.5">106.5 mm</quantity>
, male; 88.0 mm, female;
<quantity id="3F499B09FFE0FFBEFAE1F8E9FF2EBCAB" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.265" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="126.5">126.5 mm</quantity>
, male; 129.0 mm, male; 133.0 mm, male;
<quantity id="3F499B09FFE0FFBEFD27F8CAFCE4BCAB" box="[667,783,1911,1936]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.215" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="121.5">121.5 mm</quantity>
, female; 117.0 mm, female;
<quantity id="3F499B09FFE0FFBEFBF0F8CAFB2BBCAB" box="[1100,1216,1911,1936]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.025" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="102.5">102.5 mm</quantity>
, female; 118.0 mm, male;
<quantity id="3F499B09FFE0FFBEFF60F821FEBBBC90" box="[220,336,1948,1973]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.205" pageId="1" pageNumber="385" unit="mm" value="120.5">120.5 mm</quantity>
, male), collection data as for holotype.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="ACCE6664FFE3FFBDFF2BFA3DFB84BEB2" box="[151,1135,1408,1430]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/258583/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="386" targetBox="[340,1246,187,1383]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE3FFBDFF2BFA3DFB84BEB2" blockId="2.[151,1135,1408,1430]" box="[151,1135,1408,1430]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE3FFBDFF2BFA3DFEF8BEB1" bold="true" box="[151,275,1408,1430]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Holotype of
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE3FFBDFE25FA3CFD6BBEB2" box="[409,640,1409,1430]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE3FFBDFE25FA3CFD6BBEB2" box="[409,640,1409,1430]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="386">Hippocampus casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE3FFBDFD3AFA3DFD3CBEB1" box="[646,727,1408,1429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE3FFBDFD3AFA3DFD3CBEB1" bold="true" box="[646,727,1408,1429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(SCSMBC007414, SL 90.5 mm, male).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="B0AB6567FFE3FFBDFF7BFA00FBBDBD42" pageId="2" pageNumber="386" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE3FFBDFF7BFA00FBBDBD42" blockId="2.[151,1437,1469,2034]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE3FFBDFF7BFA00FEAABEF2" bold="true" box="[199,321,1469,1494]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE3FFBDFEF4FA03FDACBEF1" box="[328,583,1470,1493]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="386" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE3FFBDFEF4FA03FDACBEF1" box="[328,583,1470,1493]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="386">Hippocampus casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE3FFBDFDF2FA03FD4CBEF2" box="[590,679,1470,1494]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE3FFBDFDF2FA03FD4CBEF2" bold="true" box="[590,679,1470,1494]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is diagnosed from other seahorse species by the combination of the high number of tail rings (34–37), 15 pectoral-fin rays, 16 dorsal-fin rays (dorsal fins covering 2 trunk rings and 2 tail rings), a rounded nuchal plate without a raised coronet, the snout length approximately 30% in HL, one eye spine, two cheek spines, the tail length approximately 60% in SL, the plain dark brown body color, and male owning a fully enclosed brood pouch with a small opening for the incubation of eggs.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0AB6567FFE3FFBAFF7BF9CCFF1ABA88" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="389" pageId="2" pageNumber="386" type="description">
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE3FFBDFF7BF9CCFE19BC1A" blockId="2.[151,1437,1469,2034]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE3FFBDFF7BF9CCFEB2BDAE" bold="true" box="[199,345,1649,1674]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386">Description.</emphasis>
In addition to the characteristics given in the diagnosis (
<typeStatus id="270A884EFFE3FFBDFC55F9CCFBA4BDAE" box="[1001,1103,1649,1674]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
<typeStatus id="270A884EFFE3FFBDFBE1F9CFFB56BDAE" box="[1117,1213,1650,1674]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
range in brackets): HL 15.8% (11.6–17.6%), TrL 28.2% (23.7–35.1%), TaL 56.0% (48.5–62.8%) in SL; SnL 30.5% (25.0–43.3%) in HL; TrR 10 (10–11), surface of TrR1, TrR4, TrR7 and TrR2 expanded laterally (but without spines); dorsal fin base starting immediately posterior to 9th trunk ring and ending immediately posterior to 2th tail ring (covering 2+2 rings); pectoral fin-base raised; DF 16; pectoral fin-base raised; PF 15; anal fin visible with 4 rays; first tail ring quadrangular; TaR 35 (34–37).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE3FFBDFF7BF8F4FBBBBCA2" blockId="2.[151,1437,1469,2034]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386">Body ornamentation: a prominent rounded spine above each eye, on midline of snout between eyes, and on either side of head below coronet; shoulder spine at base of pectoral fin; cheek spine.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE3FFBDFF7BF82CFA8DBCD6" blockId="2.[151,1437,1469,2034]" pageId="2" pageNumber="386">
Sexual dimorphism: males with closed brood pouch and slight keel anterior to dorsal fin base; greatly extended spines on inferior ridge on TaR 1–6th surrounding the brood pouch; females with slightly raised, circular genital opening; Males slightly larger SL, 116.0 mm (90.5–133.0 mm) compared to females
<quantity id="3F499B09FFE3FFBDFBF3F867FB54BCD5" box="[1103,1215,2010,2034]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.119" pageId="2" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="111.9">111.9 mm</quantity>
(
<quantity id="3F499B09FFE3FFBDFB71F867FAB1BCD6" box="[1229,1370,2010,2034]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.3199999999999998" metricValueMin="0.88" pageId="2" pageNumber="386" unit="mm" value="110.0" valueMax="132.0" valueMin="88.0">88–132 mm</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE2FFBCFF7BFF2AFF15BA64" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">
Compared to other similar species,
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE2FFBCFDECFF25FCA5BB8B" box="[592,846,152,175]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFDECFF25FCA5BB8B" box="[592,846,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">Hippocampus casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE2FFBCFCE9FF25FC45BB94" box="[853,942,152,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFCE9FF25FC45BB94" bold="true" box="[853,942,152,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is notable for its short snout length and long tail length. Significant differences between
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE2FFBCFD38FF00FCEFBBF0" box="[644,772,189,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFD38FF00FCEFBBF0" box="[644,772,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">H. casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE2FFBCFCB1FF01FC8CBBF0" box="[781,871,188,212]" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFCB1FF01FC8CBBF0" bold="true" box="[781,871,188,212]" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE2FFBCFC1CFF00FC12BBF0" box="[928,1017,188,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kuda">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFC1CFF00FC12BBF0" box="[928,1017,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">H. kuda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens were detected in SnL/HL and TaL/SL ratios (
<tableCitation id="B5330357FFE2FFBCFEC8FF62FE22BBDC" box="[372,457,223,248]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,239,152,175]" captionTargetBox="[159,1346,202,984]" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological characteristics of three seahorses H. casscsio sp. nov., H. kuda and H. mohnikei." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/ACCE6664FFE5FFBBFF2BFF25FAE5BB8B" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" tableUuid="ACCE6664FFE5FFBBFF2BFF25FAE5BB8B">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE2FFBCFE5FFF5CFDD6BBDC" box="[483,573,224,248]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kuda">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFE5FFF5CFDD6BBDC" box="[483,573,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">H. kuda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also had a low-medium, rounded coronet with a cup-like depression on the top, which differed from the new species (
<figureCitation id="608A2A69FFE2FFBCFDC2FEB9FD2EBA38" box="[638,709,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[346,1229,380,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[340,1247,373,1589]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Comparison of morphological characteristics and body sizes among the three seahorses H. kuda, H. casscsio sp. nov., and H. mohinikei (a), and the principal components analysis (PCA) of the three species according to the morphological data (b)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198768/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
a).
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE2FFBCFD54FEB8FC82BA38" box="[744,873,261,284]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFD54FEB8FC82BA38" box="[744,873,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">H. casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE2FFBCFCCFFEB9FC25BA38" box="[883,974,260,284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFCCFFEB9FC25BA38" bold="true" box="[883,974,260,284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is much larger than that of
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE2FFBCFAADFEB8FA77BA38" box="[1297,1436,260,284]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mohnikei">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFAADFEB8FA77BA38" box="[1297,1436,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">H. mohnikei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="608A2A69FFE2FFBCFF23FE9AFF09BA64" box="[159,226,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[346,1229,380,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[340,1247,373,1589]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Comparison of morphological characteristics and body sizes among the three seahorses H. kuda, H. casscsio sp. nov., and H. mohinikei (a), and the principal components analysis (PCA) of the three species according to the morphological data (b)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198768/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
a).
</paragraph>
<caption id="ACCE6664FFE2FFBCFF2BF9F7FF00BDBA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198768/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" targetBox="[346,1229,380,1584]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE2FFBCFF2BF9F7FF00BDBA" blockId="3.[151,1436,1610,1694]" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFF2BF9F7FEFFBD7B" bold="true" box="[151,276,1610,1632]" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Comparison of morphological characteristics and body sizes among the three seahorses
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE2FFBCFB1FF9F6FB1FBD44" box="[1187,1268,1610,1632]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kuda">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFB1FF9F6FB1FBD44" box="[1187,1268,1610,1632]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">H. kuda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE2FFBCFABEF9F6FA9DBD44" box="[1282,1398,1611,1632]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFABEF9F6FA9DBD44" box="[1282,1398,1611,1632]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">H. casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE2FFBCFAC1F9F6FF28BD5A" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFAC1F9F6FF28BD5A" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, and
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE2FFBCFF41F9D7FE6ABD5B" box="[253,385,1641,1663]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mohinikei">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE2FFBCFF41F9D7FE6ABD5B" box="[253,385,1641,1663]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">H. mohinikei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(a), and the principal components analysis (PCA) of the three species according to the morphological data (b).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE2FFBCFF7BF97BFF12BC93" blockId="3.[151,1437,1734,1975]" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">
Principal component analysis showed that 11 metric and meristic characters integrated into 2 principal components and cumulatively contributed to 95.5% of total variance (
<tableCitation id="B5330357FFE2FFBCFC09F957FBE5BC27" box="[949,1038,1770,1795]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,239,1212,1235]" captionTargetBox="[159,994,1305,1823]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="TABLE 2. Loadings of components matrix and contributions of each axis to total variance." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/ACCE6664FFE5FFBBFF2BFB01FB8FBFF7" pageId="3" pageNumber="387" tableUuid="ACCE6664FFE5FFBBFF2BFB01FB8FBFF7">Table 2</tableCitation>
). As the component matrix shows, the SL and BH had the highest factor loading in the first principal component, and the TrR had the highest factor loading in the second principal component. Standardized morphological data of all individuals were plugged into PCA function to calculate the score of the two factors. The score of the principal components is presented on
<figureCitation id="608A2A69FFE2FFBCFF2BF8C7FF1DBCB7" box="[151,246,1914,1939]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[346,1229,380,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[340,1247,373,1589]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Comparison of morphological characteristics and body sizes among the three seahorses H. kuda, H. casscsio sp. nov., and H. mohinikei (a), and the principal components analysis (PCA) of the three species according to the morphological data (b)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198768/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="387">Figure 2</figureCitation>
b. Ordination of the data using PCA showed no overlap among the three species seahorses included in this analysis.
</paragraph>
<caption id="ACCE6664FFE5FFBBFF2BFF25FAE5BB8B" ID-Table-UUID="ACCE6664FFE5FFBBFF2BFF25FAE5BB8B" box="[151,1294,151,175]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/ACCE6664FFE5FFBBFF2BFF25FAE5BB8B" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" targetBox="[159,1346,202,984]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE5FFBBFF2BFF25FAE5BB8B" blockId="4.[151,1294,151,175]" box="[151,1294,151,175]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFF2BFF25FEE1BB8B" bold="true" box="[151,266,152,175]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Morphological characteristics of three seahorses
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE5FFBBFCA6FF25FC7FBB8B" box="[794,916,152,175]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFCA6FF25FC7FBB8B" box="[794,916,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">H. casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE5FFBBFC26FF25FC1BBB8B" box="[922,1008,152,175]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFC26FF25FC1BBB8B" bold="true" box="[922,1008,152,175]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE5FFBBFC41FF25FBBABB8B" box="[1021,1105,151,175]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kuda">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFC41FF25FBBABB8B" box="[1021,1105,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">H. kuda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE5FFBBFB39FF25FAE3BB8B" box="[1157,1288,151,175]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mohnikei">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFB39FF25FAE3BB8B" box="[1157,1288,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">H. mohnikei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE5FFBBFE1CFF77FB14B8FC" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<table id="8AB1C44CFFE50040FF23FF77FAA9B8FC" box="[159,1346,202,984]" gridcols="5" gridrows="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FF77FAA9BBC4" box="[159,1346,202,224]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFF77FDE0BBC4" box="[416,523,202,224]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">Holotype*</th>
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FF77FCBABBC4" box="[597,849,202,224]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE5FFBBFDE9FF76FD22BBC4" box="[597,713,203,224]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFDE9FF76FD22BBC4" box="[597,713,203,224]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">H. casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE5FFBBFD73FF76FCF4BBC4" box="[719,799,203,224]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFD73FF76FCF4BBC4" bold="true" box="[719,799,203,224]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(16)
</th>
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFF77FBADBBC4" box="[966,1094,202,224]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE5FFBBFC7AFF76FBFDBBC4" box="[966,1046,202,224]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kuda">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFC7AFF76FBFDBBC4" box="[966,1046,202,224]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">H. kuda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(11)
</th>
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFF77FAA9BBC4" box="[1174,1346,202,224]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE5FFBBFB2AFF76FAF9BBC4" box="[1174,1298,202,224]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mohnikei">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFB2AFF76FAF9BBC4" box="[1174,1298,202,224]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">H. mohnikei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(16)
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FF49FAA9BA2E" box="[159,1346,244,266]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FF49FED0BA2E" box="[159,315,244,266]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">Morphometrics</th>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FEA0FAA9BA17" box="[159,1346,285,307]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FEA0FED0BA17" box="[159,315,285,307]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">SnL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFEA0FDE0BA17" box="[416,523,285,307]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">4.5</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FEA0FCBABA17" box="[597,849,285,307]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">5.4</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFEA0FBADBA17" box="[966,1094,285,307]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">15.3±0.64</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFEA0FAA9BA17" box="[1174,1346,285,307]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">2.4±0.53</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FEF7FAA9BA44" box="[159,1346,330,352]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FEF7FED0BA44" box="[159,315,330,352]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">HL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFEF7FDE0BA44" box="[416,523,330,352]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">15.0</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FEF7FCBABA44" box="[597,849,330,352]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">17.9±2.15</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFEF7FBADBA44" box="[966,1094,330,352]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">34.5±1.86</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFEF7FAA9BA44" box="[1174,1346,330,352]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">10.5±1.23</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FEC9FAA9BAAE" box="[159,1346,372,394]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FEC9FED0BAAE" box="[159,315,372,394]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">TrL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFEC9FDE0BAAE" box="[416,523,372,394]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">24.5</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FEC9FCBABAAE" box="[597,849,372,394]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">32.1±5.86</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFEC9FBADBAAE" box="[966,1094,372,394]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">49.9±2.55</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFEC9FAA9BAAE" box="[1174,1346,372,394]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">19.2±1.84</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FE20FAA9BA97" box="[159,1346,413,435]" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FE20FED0BA97" box="[159,315,413,435]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">TaL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFE20FDE0BA97" box="[416,523,413,435]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">51.0</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FE20FCBABA97" box="[597,849,413,435]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">63.9±10.00</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFE20FBADBA97" box="[966,1094,413,435]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">86.1±5.89</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFE20FAA9BA97" box="[1174,1346,413,435]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">36.7±4.69</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FE7BFAA9BAF8" box="[159,1346,454,476]" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FE7BFED0BAF8" box="[159,315,454,476]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">SL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFE7BFDE0BAF8" box="[416,523,454,476]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">90.5</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FE7BFCBABAF8" box="[597,849,454,476]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">113.9±14.07</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFE7BFBADBAF8" box="[966,1094,454,476]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">170.5±9.97</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFE7BFAA9BAF8" box="[1174,1346,454,476]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">66.4±7.11</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FE4DFAA9B922" box="[159,1346,496,518]" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FE4DFED0B922" box="[159,315,496,518]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">BH</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFE4DFDE0B922" box="[416,523,496,518]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">75.5</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FE4DFCBAB922" box="[597,849,496,518]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">96.0±12.52</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFE4DFBADB922" box="[966,1094,496,518]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">86.1±5.89</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFE4DFAA9B922" box="[1174,1346,496,518]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">55.8±5.98</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FDA4FAA9B90B" box="[159,1346,537,559]" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FDA4FED0B90B" box="[159,315,537,559]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">BW</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFDA4FDE0B90B" box="[416,523,537,559]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">14.0</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FDA4FCBAB90B" box="[597,849,537,559]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">17.1±2.92</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFDA4FBADB90B" box="[966,1094,537,559]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">21.2±2.52</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFDA4FAA9B90B" box="[1174,1346,537,559]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">8.7±1.24</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FDFFFAA9B97F" box="[159,1346,578,603]" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FDFFFED0B97F" box="[159,315,578,603]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">SnL/HL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFDFFFDE0B97F" box="[416,523,578,603]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.30</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FDFFFCBAB97F" box="[597,849,578,603]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.3±0.04b</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFDFFFBADB97F" box="[966,1094,578,603]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.4±0.01a</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFDFFFAA9B97F" box="[1174,1346,578,603]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.2±0.03c</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FDD3FAA9B9A3" box="[159,1346,622,647]" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FDD3FED0B9A3" box="[159,315,622,647]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">TrL/SL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFDD3FDE0B9A3" box="[416,523,622,647]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.27</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FDD3FCBAB9A3" box="[597,849,622,647]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.3±0.04a</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFDD3FBADB9A3" box="[966,1094,622,647]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.3±0.01a</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFDD3FAA9B9A3" box="[1174,1346,622,647]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.3±0.02a</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FD27FAA9B996" box="[159,1346,666,690]" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFD27FDE0B996" box="[416,523,666,690]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.56</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FD27FCBAB996" box="[597,849,666,690]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.6±0.04a</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFD27FBADB996" box="[966,1094,666,690]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.5±0.01b</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFD27FAA9B996" box="[1174,1346,666,690]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.6±0.02a</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FD7AFAA9B9C4" box="[159,1346,711,736]" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FD7AFED0B9C4" box="[159,315,711,736]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">HL/SL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFD7AFDE0B9C4" box="[416,523,711,736]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.17</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FD7AFCBAB9C4" box="[597,849,711,736]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.2±0.01a</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFD7AFBADB9C4" box="[966,1094,711,736]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.2±0.00a</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFD7AFAA9B9C4" box="[1174,1346,711,736]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.2±0.01a</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FD4EFAA9B82D" box="[159,1346,755,777]" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FD4EFED0B82D" box="[159,315,755,777]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">Meristics</th>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FCA1FAA9B816" box="[159,1346,796,818]" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FCA1FED0B816" box="[159,315,796,818]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">PF</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFCA1FDE0B816" box="[416,523,796,818]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">15</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FCA1FCBAB816" box="[597,849,796,818]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">15</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFCA1FBADB816" box="[966,1094,796,818]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">16</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFCA1FAA9B816" box="[1174,1346,796,818]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">13</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FCFBFAA9B878" box="[159,1346,838,860]" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FCFBFED0B878" box="[159,315,838,860]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">DF</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFCFBFDE0B878" box="[416,523,838,860]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">16</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FCFBFCBAB878" box="[597,849,838,860]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">16</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFCFBFBADB878" box="[966,1094,838,860]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">17</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFCFBFAA9B878" box="[1174,1346,838,860]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">16</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FCD2FAA9B8A1" box="[159,1346,879,901]" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FCD2FED0B8A1" box="[159,315,879,901]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">AF</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFCD2FDE0B8A1" box="[416,523,879,901]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">4</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FCD2FCBAB8A1" box="[597,849,879,901]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">4</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFCD2FBADB8A1" box="[966,1094,879,901]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">4</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFCD2FAA9B8A1" box="[1174,1346,879,901]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FC24FAA9B88B" box="[159,1346,921,943]" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FC24FED0B88B" box="[159,315,921,943]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">TrR</th>
<date id="8C0F102CFFE5FFBBFE1CFC24FC35B88B" box="[416,990,921,943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" value="2011-10-10">
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFC24FDE0B88B" box="[416,523,921,943]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">10</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FC24FCBAB88B" box="[597,849,921,943]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">10</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFC24FBADB88B" box="[966,1094,921,943]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">11</td>
</date>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFC24FAA9B88B" box="[1174,1346,921,943]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">11</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FC7FFAA9B8FC" box="[159,1346,962,984]" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FC7FFED0B8FC" box="[159,315,962,984]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">TaR</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FE1CFC7FFDE0B8FC" box="[416,523,962,984]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">35</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDE9FC7FFCBAB8FC" box="[597,849,962,984]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">35(33–37)</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC7AFC7FFBADB8FC" box="[966,1094,962,984]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">36(36–38)</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FB2AFC7FFAA9B8FC" box="[1174,1346,962,984]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">38(37–40)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE5FFBBFF2BFC44FF06BFB4" blockId="4.[151,1436,1017,1168]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
Sample size for each species was shown in parenthesis. Means (±S.E.) marked with different letters were significantly different from each other (
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFE09FBA4FE2EBF14" box="[437,453,1049,1072]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">P</emphasis>
&lt;0.05). SnL, snout length; HL, head length; TrL, trunk length; TaL, tail length; BH, body height; BW, body width; SL, standard length. PF, number of pectoral fin rays; AF, number of anal fin rays; DF, number of dorsal fin rays; TrR, number of trunk rings; TaR, number of tail rings.
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFC12FBE4FC50BF54" bold="true" box="[942,955,1113,1136]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">*</emphasis>
The data are for the
<typeStatus id="270A884EFFE5FFBBFB23FBE4FB17BF54" box="[1183,1276,1113,1136]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE5FFBBFA9DFBE4FA77BF54" box="[1313,1436,1113,1136]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFA9DFBE4FA77BF54" box="[1313,1436,1113,1136]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">H. casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE5FFBBFF2BFBC4FF06BFB4" box="[151,237,1145,1168]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFF2BFBC4FF06BFB4" bold="true" box="[151,237,1145,1168]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<caption id="ACCE6664FFE5FFBBFF2BFB01FB8FBFF7" ID-Table-UUID="ACCE6664FFE5FFBBFF2BFB01FB8FBFF7" box="[151,1124,1212,1235]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/ACCE6664FFE5FFBBFF2BFB01FB8FBFF7" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" targetBox="[159,994,1305,1823]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE5FFBBFF2BFB01FB8FBFF7" blockId="4.[151,1124,1212,1235]" box="[151,1124,1212,1235]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE5FFBBFF2BFB01FEE2BFF7" bold="true" box="[151,265,1212,1235]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
Loadings of components matrix and contributions of each axis to total variance.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE5FFBBFDD6FB52FF3FBCB2" blockId="4.[618,838,1263,1285]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1435,1855,1942]" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">Principal components SnL, snout length; HL, head length; TrL, trunk length; TaL, tail length; BH, body height; BW, body width; SL, standard length. PF, number of pectoral fin rays; DF, number of dorsal fin rays; TrR, number of trunk rings; TaR, number of tail rings.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE5FFBBFDD6FAA4FC09BC3B" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<table id="8AB1C44CFFE50040FF23FAA4FC09BC3B" box="[159,994,1305,1823]" gridcols="3" gridrows="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FAA4FC09BE0B" box="[159,994,1305,1327]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="388" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6FAA4FD44BE0B" box="[618,687,1305,1327]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">1</th>
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21FAA4FC09BE0B" box="[925,994,1305,1327]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">2</th>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FAFFFC09BE7C" box="[159,994,1346,1368]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FAFFFEC8BE7C" box="[159,291,1346,1368]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">HL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6FAFFFD44BE7C" box="[618,687,1346,1368]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.974</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21FAFFFC09BE7C" box="[925,994,1346,1368]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.200</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FAD6FC09BEA5" box="[159,994,1387,1409]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FAD6FEC8BEA5" box="[159,291,1387,1409]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">SnL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6FAD6FD44BEA5" box="[618,687,1387,1409]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.950</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21FAD6FC09BEA5" box="[925,994,1387,1409]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.289</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FA29FC09BE8E" box="[159,994,1428,1450]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FA29FEC8BE8E" box="[159,291,1428,1450]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">TrL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6FA29FD44BE8E" box="[618,687,1428,1450]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.976</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21FA29FC09BE8E" box="[925,994,1428,1450]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.068</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FA03FC09BEF0" box="[159,994,1470,1492]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FA03FEC8BEF0" box="[159,291,1470,1492]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">TaL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6FA03FD44BEF0" box="[618,687,1470,1492]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.973</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21FA03FC09BEF0" box="[925,994,1470,1492]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">-0.089</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23FA5AFC09BED9" box="[159,994,1511,1533]" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23FA5AFEC8BED9" box="[159,291,1511,1533]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">BH</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6FA5AFD44BED9" box="[618,687,1511,1533]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.994</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21FA5AFC09BED9" box="[925,994,1511,1533]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">-0.030</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23F9ACFC09BD03" box="[159,994,1553,1575]" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23F9ACFEC8BD03" box="[159,291,1553,1575]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">SL</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6F9ACFD44BD03" box="[618,687,1553,1575]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.997</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21F9ACFC09BD03" box="[925,994,1553,1575]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.022</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23F987FC09BD74" box="[159,994,1594,1616]" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23F987FEC8BD74" box="[159,291,1594,1616]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">BW</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6F987FD44BD74" box="[618,687,1594,1616]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.947</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21F987FC09BD74" box="[925,994,1594,1616]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">-0.210</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23F9DEFC09BD5D" box="[159,994,1635,1657]" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23F9DEFEC8BD5D" box="[159,291,1635,1657]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">PF</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6F9DEFD44BD5D" box="[618,687,1635,1657]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.941</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21F9DEFC09BD5D" box="[925,994,1635,1657]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">-0.214</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23F931FC09BD86" box="[159,994,1676,1698]" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23F931FEC8BD86" box="[159,291,1676,1698]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">DF</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6F931FD44BD86" box="[618,687,1676,1698]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.837</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21F931FC09BD86" box="[925,994,1676,1698]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.517</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23F90BFC09BDE8" box="[159,994,1718,1740]" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23F90BFEC8BDE8" box="[159,291,1718,1740]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">TrR</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6F90BFD44BDE8" box="[618,687,1718,1740]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">-0.075</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21F90BFC09BDE8" box="[925,994,1718,1740]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.961</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23F962FC09BDD1" box="[159,994,1759,1781]" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23F962FEC8BDD1" box="[159,291,1759,1781]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">TaR</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6F962FD44BDD1" box="[618,687,1759,1781]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">-0.521</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21F962FC09BDD1" box="[925,994,1759,1781]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">0.770</td>
</tr>
<tr id="468134AEFFE50040FF23F8B4FC09BC3B" box="[159,994,1801,1823]" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">
<th id="05505DD2FFE50040FF23F8B4FEC8BC3B" box="[159,291,1801,1823]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">Variance (%)</th>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FDD6F8B4FD44BC3B" box="[618,687,1801,1823]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">77.174</td>
<td id="05505DD2FFE50040FC21F8B4FC09BC3B" box="[925,994,1801,1823]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="388">18.290</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE4FFBAFF7BFF25FF1ABA88" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFF7BFF25FE5BBB94" bold="true" box="[199,432,151,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">Molecular analysis.</emphasis>
All cyt
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFDBAFF25FDFFBB94" box="[518,532,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">b</emphasis>
sequences were trimmed to a consensus length of 809 bp. A total of 30 unique cyt
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFF05FF01FF2CBBF0" box="[185,199,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">b</emphasis>
haplotypes were generated from all specimens, and three haplotypes were observed among the new species. Eighteen CR haplotypes were observed among the specimens of
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE4FFBAFCD5FF5CFC03BBD3" box="[873,1000,224,248]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFCD5FF5CFC03BBD3" box="[873,1000,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">H. casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE4FFBAFC52FF5DFBACBBDC" box="[1006,1095,224,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFC52FF5DFBACBBDC" bold="true" box="[1006,1095,224,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
The NJ tree showed that all of the individuals of the same species cluster together (
<figureCitation id="608A2A69FFE4FFBAFD50FEB9FCDBBA38" box="[748,816,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1430,1452]" captionTargetBox="[169,1419,633,1406]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[162,1424,628,1409]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Neighbor-joining (NJ) trees based on cyt b (a) and CR (b) from seahorses haplotypes of Hippocampus along China’s coast." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198769/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
a, b). No haplotype was shared between species in our data set. Although
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE4FFBAFED5FE94FE0CBA1B" box="[361,487,296,320]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFED5FE94FE0CBA1B" box="[361,487,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">H. casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFE52FE95FDACBA64" bold="true" box="[494,583,296,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE4FFBAFE52FE95FDACBA64" box="[494,583,296,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
was morphologically similar to
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE4FFBAFC0CFE94FBD3BA64" box="[944,1080,296,320]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mohnikei">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFC0CFE94FBD3BA64" box="[944,1080,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">H. mohnikei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(interspecific distance: 16.1%), there was a closer genetic relationship between
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE4FFBAFD7EFEF0FCAFBA40" box="[706,836,333,356]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFD7EFEF0FCAFBA40" box="[706,836,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">H. casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE4FFBAFCF2FEF1FC40BA40" box="[846,939,332,356]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFCF2FEF1FC40BA40" bold="true" box="[846,939,332,356]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE4FFBAFC5BFEF0FBA8BA40" box="[999,1091,332,356]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kuda">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFC5BFEF0FBA8BA40" box="[999,1091,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">H. kuda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(interspecific distance: 2.4%) (
<figureCitation id="608A2A69FFE4FFBAFF23FED2FF09BAAC" box="[159,226,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1430,1452]" captionTargetBox="[169,1419,633,1406]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[162,1424,628,1409]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Neighbor-joining (NJ) trees based on cyt b (a) and CR (b) from seahorses haplotypes of Hippocampus along China’s coast." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198769/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
a and
<tableCitation id="B5330357FFE4FFBAFE95FED2FE94BAAC" box="[297,383,367,392]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,239,1522,1545]" captionTargetBox="[159,1414,1574,2001]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 3. Genetic distances based on cyt b among the nine seahorse species obtained along China’s coast." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/ACCE6664FFE4FFBAFF2BFA4FFAECBD2D" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" tableUuid="ACCE6664FFE4FFBAFF2BFA4FFAECBD2D">Table 3</tableCitation>
). The two species formed a sister group with a strongly significant bootstrap value of 100% (
<figureCitation id="608A2A69FFE4FFBAFF23FE29FF0FBA88" box="[159,228,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1430,1452]" captionTargetBox="[169,1419,633,1406]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[162,1424,628,1409]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Neighbor-joining (NJ) trees based on cyt b (a) and CR (b) from seahorses haplotypes of Hippocampus along China’s coast." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198769/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0AB6567FFE4FFBAFF7BFE05FE71BAD1" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE4FFBAFF7BFE05FE71BAD1" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFF7BFE05FEA5BAF4" bold="true" box="[199,334,440,464]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">Etymology.</emphasis>
The name is derived from the abbreviation of ‘South
<collectingCountry id="80A6767CFFE4FFBAFC0CFE0AFC18BAF4" box="[944,1011,439,464]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">China</collectingCountry>
Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences’.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0AB6567FFE4FFBAFF7BFE42FC27B918" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F80E36ECFFE4FFBAFF7BFE42FC27B918" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFF7BFE42FE8BB93C" bold="true" box="[199,352,511,536]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3FB14D6FFFE4FFBAFED0FDBDFD99B933" box="[364,626,512,535]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casscsio" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFED0FDBDFD99B933" box="[364,626,512,535]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">Hippocampus casscsio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D1F65785FFE4FFBAFDC3FDBDFD35B93C" box="[639,734,512,536]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CAC5EAFEFFE4FFBAFDC3FDBDFD35B93C" bold="true" box="[639,734,512,536]" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
appears to be relatively limited to the Beibu Bay (Beihai, Fangchenggang, Lingao, Dongfang, Sanya and Lingshui),
<collectingCountry id="80A6767CFFE4FFBAFC9BFD99FC81B919" box="[807,874,548,573]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">China</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="608A2A69FFE4FFBAFCC5FD99FC54B918" box="[889,959,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1204,1226]" captionTargetBox="[351,1235,201,1179]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[343,1243,193,1183]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Map generated by Surfer ® for Windows (Keckler, 1997) showing the sampling locations for the specimen of new seahorse species, H. casscsio sp. nov., along China’s coast. Holotype location indicated by triangle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/258584/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="389">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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