<documentid="2966C74EB9AD88FE673E24E61540962A"ID-CLB-Dataset="25706"ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.74.808"ID-GBIF-Dataset="77176672-46b6-4038-94bc-19d42179a207"ID-PMC="PMC3088040"ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-74-1"ID-PubMed="21594135"ModsDocAuthor=""ModsDocDate="2011"ModsDocID="1313-2970-74-1"ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 74"ModsDocTitle="Zoogeography, taxonomy, and conservation of West Virginia’s Ohio River floodplain crayfishes (Decapoda, Cambaridae)"checkinTime="1451250850120"checkinUser="pensoft"docAuthor="Loughman, Zachary J. & Simon, Thomas P."docDate="2011"docId="F11D36CB4BADC8BA5227C072FA048DCB"docLanguage="en"docName="ZooKeys 74: 1-78"docOrigin="ZooKeys 74"docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.74.808"docTitle="Procambarus (Ortmannicus) acutus Girard 1852"docType="treatment"docVersion="6"lastPageNumber="44"masterDocId="6864053DFFF0FFA5B11CFFA0557B1B45"masterDocTitle="Zoogeography, taxonomy, and conservation of West Virginia's Ohio River floodplain crayfishes (Decapoda, Cambaridae)"masterLastPageNumber="78"masterPageNumber="1"pageNumber="42"updateTime="1732746555280"updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:titleid="4DB95ED4F33FF6A2CB68F7805F2D7A9B">Zoogeography, taxonomy, and conservation of West Virginia's Ohio River floodplain crayfishes (Decapoda, Cambaridae)</mods:title>
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<bibRefCitationid="A539A1A7B3F41AE3D2DAC26E67FB67FA"author="Hobbs, HH III"journalOrPublisher="Miscellaneous Publications of the Milwaukee Public Museum"pageId="57"pageNumber="58"pagination="1 - 177"title="The crayfishes and shrimp of Wisconsin"volume="5"year="1988">Hobbs and Jass 1988</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitationid="071FAF864389112C06356C017A993FD5"author="Taylor, CA"journalOrPublisher="Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin"pageId="59"pageNumber="60"title="Crayfishes of Kentucky"volume="28"year="2004">Taylor and Schuster 2004</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="EB11F114593D2852B2F5398A48AC820F"author="Loughman, ZJ"journalOrPublisher="Northeastern Naturalist"pageId="58"pageNumber="59"pagination="495 - 500"title="First record of Procambarus (Ortmannicus) acutus (White River Crayfish) in West Virginia, with notes on its natural history."volume="14"year="2007">Loughman 2007</bibRefCitation>
<paragraphid="AFA4F4818639BE8BF70B55CA841A20EB"pageId="41"pageNumber="42">Rostrum slightly broad and triangular; width of rostrum margins reduced; margins converging terminating in 2 marginal spines; acumen with distal rostral spine; postorbital ridges prominent, cephalic margin with tubercle; cephalothorax dorsolaterally compressed in profile, anterior portion vaulted; areola obliterated at narrowest point; branchiostegal region moderately punctate, with small tubercles; small cervical spine present; chelae elongate and lance shaped; mesial surface of palm with single dorsal row of 7-9 pronounced tubercles; additional tubercles scattered over dorsal surface of palm. Bases of first form male gonopods contiguous; gonopod with 4 terminal elements, covered by dense setae; central projection pointed and corneous; caudal process short; mesial process pointed and straight in profile; cephalic process elongated and pointed; second form gonopod annulus ventralis circular in shape, embedded deeply in sternum, and movable.</paragraph>
<subSubSectionid="0C99394A07C840D22BABF150B52C68F5"pageId="41"pageNumber="42"type="color in life">
<paragraphid="6475E5E6C8B5F717E50CF03D3C530AD7"pageId="41"pageNumber="42">Color in life.</paragraph>
<paragraphid="4E37445ADCB8029A78F37102D8869427"pageId="41"pageNumber="42">Carapace, chelae, and pereiopods dorsally and laterally red-gray, gray-purple, burgundy, or red; branchial region of smaller individuals mottled with black spots; tubercles on chelae cream, red-brown, red, or black; dorsal surface of abdomen with a distinct black wedge.</paragraph>
is a wide-ranging species associated with wetlands present throughout the central and eastern United State excluding the majority of the Appalachian Mountains (
<bibRefCitationid="EC82C4F25EC836527E392F754C534AD0"author="Taylor, CA"journalOrPublisher="Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin"pageId="59"pageNumber="60"title="Crayfishes of Kentucky"volume="28"year="2004">Taylor and Schuster 2004</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="608F1FACB26FBAA23BC2C0D351839D06"author="Taylor, CA"journalOrPublisher="Fisheries"pageId="59"pageNumber="60"pagination="372 - 389"title="A reassessment of the conservation status of crayfishes of the United States and Canada after 10 + years of increased awareness."volume="32"year="2007">Taylor et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="8B5228B98D621CA87A12E26724832922"author="Loughman, ZJ"journalOrPublisher="Northeastern Naturalist"pageId="58"pageNumber="59"pagination="495 - 500"title="First record of Procambarus (Ortmannicus) acutus (White River Crayfish) in West Virginia, with notes on its natural history."volume="14"year="2007">Loughman (2007)</bibRefCitation>
use in aquaculture and as bait for fishing has led to non-indigenous populations occurring throughout North America, with confirmed non-indigenous populations documented in California (
<bibRefCitationid="24A92A0660854C7D8AF96BFADFB056AB"author="Gander, FF"journalOrPublisher="California Fish and Game"pageId="57"pageNumber="58"pagination="221 - 222"title="Eastern crayfish in San Diego County."volume="13"year="1927">Gander 1927</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="6F6FF04287BD95AFB6556FA09BECF42B"author="Crocker, DW"journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington"pageId="56"pageNumber="57"pagination="225 - 252"title="The crayfishes of New England."volume="92"year="1979">Crocker 1979</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="26E866D5B880C5110112A99659F04BB3"author="Taylor, CA"journalOrPublisher="Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin"pageId="59"pageNumber="60"title="Crayfishes of Kentucky"volume="28"year="2004">Taylor and Schuster 2004</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="EE7E2E7C044AAB7D35E92F1EA457F681"author="Green, NB"journalOrPublisher="Pittsburgh University Press, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"pageId="57"pageNumber="58"title="Amphibians and Reptiles of West Virginia"year="1987">Green and Pauley 1987</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="CEF3A6EC03812720CF9A69F938648416"author="Jezerinac, RF"journalOrPublisher="Ohio Journal of Science"pageId="58"pageNumber="59"pagination="46 - 47"title="Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) fodiens in West Virginia: a new state record."volume="87"year="1987">Jezerinac and Stocker 1987</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="CCB823BAA274B74B544A29D7F1969E0E"author="Strausbaugh, PD"journalOrPublisher="West Virginia University Press, Morgantown, West Virginia"pageId="58"pageNumber="59"title="Flora of West Virginia"year="1978">Strausbaugh and Core 1978</bibRefCitation>
). The Marietta River was a major tributary of the pre-glacial Teays River, and the area of the Ohio River and Kanawha River confluence is considered to be the Marietta River Valley (
<bibRefCitationid="EF6C2711918622DA0F8D111916C2E466"author="Jezerinac, RF"journalOrPublisher="Ohio Journal of Science"pageId="58"pageNumber="59"pagination="46 - 47"title="Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) fodiens in West Virginia: a new state record."volume="87"year="1987">Jezerinac and Stocker (1987)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="521E1F0E71D687EE3FB81102D81C5B7C"author="Green, NB"journalOrPublisher="Pittsburgh University Press, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"pageId="57"pageNumber="58"title="Amphibians and Reptiles of West Virginia"year="1987">Green and Pauley 1987</bibRefCitation>
has been collected from sites in the pre-glacial Teays River drainage, as well as in the area theorized to be the Teays River, Marietta River confluence (
only being collected in the Marietta River Valley and nowhere else along the Ohio River floodplain of West Virginia, appears to validate the hypothesis that
collected in this study was a 43.1 mm TCL female collected from the Moose Lodge wetland, Mason County. The largest male was a 40.6 mm TCL form I also collected from the same locality. Mean
<bibRefCitationid="BFD0321AC0C66F5418DCA6F9127DD65B"author="Loughman, ZJ"journalOrPublisher="Northeastern Naturalist"pageId="58"pageNumber="59"pagination="495 - 500"title="First record of Procambarus (Ortmannicus) acutus (White River Crayfish) in West Virginia, with notes on its natural history."volume="14"year="2007">Loughman (2007)</bibRefCitation>
reported itslife history in the state. He found the species at only three of 18 sites surveyed in Mason County during 2004-2005. Captures in minnow traps peaked in late-March and decreased steadily until May. At this time, trapping rates were minimal and most specimens were collected during nocturnal searches by hand or with dip nets. During the summers of 2004-2005, ephemeral wetlands harboring
consisted of simple vertical shafts 30-40 cm deep ending in an enlarged central chamber. Chimneys present at the entrances of burrows ranged from 5 to 15 cm high.
Form I males were collected in all months between February and May, while form II males were also collected from February through April (Table 9). Females were taken in all spring months, with an increase of captures in March. Three with 4th stage instars were collected on 22 March 2005. Number of pleopodal instars for each female was 72, 72 and 65, with a mean of 69. There was a positive correlation (r2 = 0.963, n = 3) between carapace length and total number of pleopodal instars.
Amplexus was observed in the field on 5 May 2005 at 22:00 h. Two amplexing pairs were observed resting on pond substrate adjacent to fallen logs. No amplexing pairs were observed away from cover objects. Several specimens also amplexed in collecting buckets within minutes of being introduced on this same day. An interspecies amplexus was observed on 5 May 2005, when a large form I male
is a native species and should be given protection. Future investigations need to focus on the Kanawha River Floodplain between Point Pleasant and St. Albans. The Moose Lodge wetland is located on the Kanawha River and is the most diverse site surveyed in this study. All major habitats along the Ohio River floodplain that have been surveyed extensively in Mason County did not yield any additional
was the dominant surface water crayfish. Conservation efforts for this species should focus on preserving habitat. The Moose Lodge wetland should be conserved for protection and monitoring, not only for
