<documentid="1512FFB9034086F377B9F83C60A49D02"ID-CLB-Dataset="56755"ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6397752"ID-GBIF-Dataset="45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943"ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0"ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397752"IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina"IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina"IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina"IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina"checkinTime="1648655544658"checkinUser="conny"docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier"docDate="2019"docId="4C3D87E8FF8E6A31FF8397AA1716B97E"docLanguage="en"docName="hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf"docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions"docTitle="Euderma maculatum"docType="treatment"docVersion="14"lastPageNumber="875"masterDocId="B004FF90FFFB6A44FFFC96591E00BB32"masterDocTitle="Vespertilionidae"masterLastPageNumber="981"masterPageNumber="716"pageNumber="875"updateTime="1718993610009"updateUser="carolina">
<figureCitationid="5CAF2A7BFF8E6A31FF8397AA1ED1B917"box="[127,209,499,549]"captionStart="Plate 65: Vespertilionidae"captionStartId="117.[124,154,3323,3348]"captionTargetBox="[11,2761,18,3657]"captionTargetPageId="116"captionText="249. Spotted Bat (Euderma maculatum), 250. Big Red Bat (Lasiurus egregius), 251. Southern Hoary Bat (Lasiurus villosissimus), 252. Northern Hoary Bat (Lasiurus cinereus), 253. Hawaiian Hoary Bat (Lasiurus semotus), 254. Eastern Red Bat (Lasiurus borealis), 255. Pleiffer's Red Bat (Lasiurus pfeifferi), 256. Seminole Bat (Lasiurus seminolus), 257. Greater Red Bat (Lasiurus atratus), 258. Southern Red Bat (Lasiurus blossevilii), 259. Desert Red Bat (Lasiurus frantzii), 260. Cinnamon Red Bat (Lasiurus varius), 261. Minor Red Bat (Lasiurus minor), 262. Tacarcunan Bat (Lasiurus castaneus), 263. Hairy-tailed Bat (Lasiurus ebenus), 264. Jamaican Red Bat (Lasiurus degelidus), 265. Western Yellow Bat (Lasiurus xanthinus), 266. Northern Yellow Bat (Lasiurus intermedius), 267. Cuban Yellow Bat (Lasiurus insularis), 268. Southern Yellow Bat (Lasiurus ega)"figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398536"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398536/files/figure.png"pageId="117"pageNumber="875">249.</figureCitation>
<vernacularNameid="4A9746D0FF8E6A31FF1F97AA1FD6B917"ID-CoL="3BZR6"baseAuthorityName="J. A. Allen"baseAuthorityYear="1891"box="[227,470,499,549]"class="Mammalia"family="Vespertilionidae"genus="Euderma"kingdom="Animalia"language="eng"order="Chiroptera"pageId="117"pageNumber="875"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="maculatum">Spotted Bat</vernacularName>
<taxonomicNameid="03944D7DFF8E6A31FDFA97AA1D97B917"ID-CoL="3BZR6"baseAuthorityName="J. A. Allen"baseAuthorityYear="1891"box="[518,919,499,549]"class="Mammalia"family="Vespertilionidae"genus="Euderma"kingdom="Animalia"order="Chiroptera"pageId="117"pageNumber="875"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="maculatum">
<vernacularNameid="4A9746D0FF8E6A31FF2F946F1F75B979"ID-CoL="3BZR6"baseAuthorityName="J. A. Allen"baseAuthorityYear="1891"box="[211,373,566,587]"class="Mammalia"family="Vespertilionidae"genus="Euderma"kingdom="Animalia"language="fra"order="Chiroptera"pageId="117"pageNumber="875"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="maculatum">Oreillard maculé</vernacularName>
<vernacularNameid="4A9746D0FF8E6A31FE12946F1CC8B979"ID-CoL="3BZR6"baseAuthorityName="J. A. Allen"baseAuthorityYear="1891"box="[494,712,566,587]"class="Mammalia"family="Vespertilionidae"genus="Euderma"kingdom="Animalia"language="deu"order="Chiroptera"pageId="117"pageNumber="875"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="maculatum">Gefleckte Fledermaus</vernacularName>
<vernacularNameid="4A9746D0FF8E6A31FCBE946F1DF8B979"ID-CoL="3BZR6"baseAuthorityName="J. A. Allen"baseAuthorityYear="1891"box="[834,1016,566,587]"class="Mammalia"family="Vespertilionidae"genus="Euderma"kingdom="Animalia"language="esp"order="Chiroptera"pageId="117"pageNumber="875"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="maculatum">
<vernacularNameid="4A9746D0FF8E6A31FCBE946F1D91B979"ID-CoL="3BZR6"baseAuthorityName="J. A. Allen"baseAuthorityYear="1891"box="[834,913,566,587]"class="Mammalia"family="Vespertilionidae"genus="Euderma"kingdom="Animalia"language="esp"order="Chiroptera"pageId="117"pageNumber="875"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="maculatum">Orejudo</vernacularName>
<emphasisid="F6E0EAECFF8E6A31FF8294041F74B940"bold="true"box="[126,372,605,626]"pageId="117"pageNumber="875">Other common names:</emphasis>
<vernacularNameid="4A9746D0FF8E6A31FE8394041FD8B940"ID-CoL="3BZR6"baseAuthorityName="J. A. Allen"baseAuthorityYear="1891"box="[383,472,605,626]"class="Mammalia"family="Vespertilionidae"genus="Euderma"kingdom="Animalia"language="eng"order="Chiroptera"pageId="117"pageNumber="875"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="maculatum">Pinto Bat</vernacularName>
<taxonomicNameid="03944D7DFF8E6A31FC7794F91D25B9DB"ID-CoL="3M5GK"authority="J. A. Allen, 1891"authorityName="J. A. Allen"authorityYear="1891"class="Mammalia"family="Vespertilionidae"genus="Histiotus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Chiroptera"pageId="117"pageNumber="875"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="maculatus">Histiotus maculatus J. A. Allen, 1891</taxonomicName>
<collectingRegionid="0650F81CFF8E6A31FC2C95461A60B80A"box="[976,1120,799,824]"country="United States of America"name="California"pageId="117"pageNumber="875">California</collectingRegion>
as a synonym, but they differ enough to be generically distinct. Molecular reconstructions based on mitochondrial and nuclear genes support distinction of
<collectingRegionid="0650F81CFF8E6A31FC7B92911A06BFDB"box="[903,1030,1224,1257]"country="United States of America"name="Montana"pageId="117"pageNumber="875">Montana</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegionid="0650F81CFF8E6A31FBB592911AD1BFDB"box="[1097,1233,1224,1257]"country="United States of America"name="Wyoming"pageId="117"pageNumber="875">Wyoming</collectingRegion>
<collectingCountryid="BC83766EFF8E6A31FF8192AA1EBDBE22"box="[125,189,1267,1296]"name="United States of America"pageId="117"pageNumber="875">USA</collectingCountry>
<collectingRegionid="0650F81CFF8E6A31FEF892AA1F95BE22"box="[260,405,1267,1296]"country="Mexico"name="Queretaro de Arteaga"pageId="117"pageNumber="875">Querétaro</collectingRegion>
in diameter on shoulders and lower back; ventral hair is snow white, with black bases, and band of blackish hairs circles neck. Non-glandular naked area of c.
is the only genus with comparable color. Ears are very long, almost reaching body length, translucent pale pink, and naked along their lengths, with tuft of white hair at bases and connected across forehead by small membrane. Tragus is elongated and slightly narrowed at tip, basal lobe is absent, and basal notch is indeterminate. Thin and pliable wing membranes and uropatagium are pale pink. Skull has supraorbital region that is sharply ridged, braincase is remarkably elongated, and sagittal crestis absent. C,is small compared with other taxa within the subfamily, appearing unequally bilobed in slightly anterior to lateral view. Dental formulais12/3,C1/1,P 2/2, M 3/3 (x2) = 34. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 30 and FN = 52, which is most similar to Allen’s Big-eared Bat (
<taxonomicNameid="03944D7DFF8E6A31FE4D91661CB2BC52"baseAuthorityName="G. M. Allen"baseAuthorityYear="1916"box="[433,690,1855,1888]"class="Mammalia"family="Vespertilionidae"genus="Idionycteris"kingdom="Animalia"order="Chiroptera"pageId="117"pageNumber="875"phylum="Chordata"rank="species"species="phyllotis">Idionycteris phyllotis</taxonomicName>
Wide variety of habitats including desert shrub and arid areas, forest openings, woodlands, riparian habitats, wetlands, open areas near streams and ponds, meadows, and old agricultural fields from below sea level in deserts of California up to elevations of ¢.
A pregnant Spotted Bat was caught in June and lactating females in June and August. Littersize is likely one. Newborns weigh ¢.20% of mothers’ weights. Ears of young are not completely developed, and spots are missing. Young have been captured in July.
The Spotted Bat tends to fly late, with most captures occurring after midnight. Nevertheless, foraging activity has been recorded throughout the night, and some individuals were observed foraging as early as 20 minutes after sunset. Day roosts are located in crevices of cliffs and outcrops and apparently not in trees. It produces low-frequency echolocation calls that appear to be inaudible to large moths and can be divided into search, approach, and terminal phases. Search phase is divided in two types of calls that are steep, FM, and include different harmonics; frequency sweeps from 12 kHz to 6 kHz. The approach calls are also divided in two forms, which are similar to search calls and include FM pulses and sweeps. Predators include red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis), peregrine falcons (
<emphasisid="F6E0EAECFF8E6A31FF879D191D5DB053"bold="true"box="[123,861,2880,2913]"pageId="117"pageNumber="875">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
Spotted Bats have been found roosting alone, except during hibernation when four individuals were found hibernating in a cave. Foraging individuals avoid contact with other species of echolocating bats and keep a distance of at least
<collectingRegionid="0650F81CFF8E6A31FD989A751CEEB77F"box="[612,750,3116,3149]"country="United States of America"name="Wyoming"pageId="117"pageNumber="875">Wyoming</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegionid="0650F81CFF8E6A31FB4C9A0D1AF6B747"box="[1200,1270,3156,3189]"country="United States of America"name="Utah"pageId="117"pageNumber="875">Utah</collectingRegion>
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Spotted Bat is widespread but considered rare. Loss of roosting and foraging areas, destruction or disturbance of hibernacula, and loss of clean and open water are major threats.
Allen, H. (1893), Allen, J.A. (1891), Amador et al. (2018), Arroyo-Cabrales & Alvarez-Castafneda (2017a), Easterla (1973), Hall (1981), Handley (1959), Hussain (2000), Leonard & Fenton (1984), Leén-Paniagua (2014), Luce et al. (2004), Mikula et al. (2016), Painter et al. (2009), Poché (1981), Ross (1967), Shi & Rabosky (2015), Simmons (2005), Watkins (1977), Williams et al. (1970), Wilson & Ruff (1999).
