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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.36.6491" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182249460" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-36-53" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFBD95640232FFFEFFBCFFC3D21A8E1E" ID-Zenodo-Dep="574835" ModsDocID="1314-2607-36-53" checkinTime="1621553205034" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Gess, Friedrich W. &amp; Gess, Sarah K." docDate="2014" docId="FBECEA91758D61B183C2B6C8F8E774DF" docLanguage="en" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 36" docPubDate="2014-02-14" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.36.6491" docTitle="Bembix bubalus Handlirsch 1893" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="FFBD95640232FFFEFFBCFFC3D21A8E1E" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="64" masterDocId="FFBD95640232FFFEFFBCFFC3D21A8E1E" masterDocTitle="Geographical distributions of Bembix (Hymenoptera, Crabronidae, Bembicinae) in southern Africa, with notes on biology" masterLastPageNumber="130" masterPageNumber="53" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" updateTime="1643526922764" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Geographical distributions of Bembix (Hymenoptera, Crabronidae, Bembicinae) in southern Africa, with notes on biology</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Gess, Friedrich W.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Albany Museum and Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6139 South Africa</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Gess, Sarah K.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Albany Museum and Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6139 South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2014-02-14</mods:number>
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<mods:number>36</mods:number>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.36.6491</mods:url>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182249460" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FBECEA91758D61B183C2B6C8F8E774DF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FBECEA91758D61B183C2B6C8F8E774DF" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="63" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Bembix_bubalus" authority="Handlirsch" authorityName="Handlirsch" authorityYear="1893" class="Hexapoda" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bembix bubalus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bubalus">
<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="63" start="start">Bembix</pageBreakToken>
bubalus Handlirsch
</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Bembix bubalus: a raking sand back from nest entrance during nest excavation b carrying syrphid prey, coming in to land at nest entrance; holding syrphid prey whilst clearing temporary closure from nest entrance preparatory to entering." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11853" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Figs 4a-c</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Bembix spp.: a Bembix bubalus, female, male b Bembix cameronis, female, male c Bembix capensis, female, male d Bembix capicola, female, male e Bembix cultrifera, female, male f Bembix denticauda. (approximate length of females: a 19.5 mm; b 18 mm; c 17 mm; d 18 mm; e 17 mm; f 18 mm)" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11855" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">, 6a</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="63" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Handlirsch" authorityYear="1893" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bubalus">Bembex bubalus</taxonomicName>
Handlirsch, 1893: 719, pl. 1, fig. 8, pl. 3, fig. 22, pl. 4, fig. 9, pl.5, fig. 39, pl. 6, fig. 6, ♂, ♀ (Syntypes, South Africa, former Transvaal and former Cape Province, no localities, in MHNG and ZMHB);
<bibRefCitation author="Dalla Torre, KW von" journalOrPublisher="Catalogus Hymenopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonymicus" pageId="53" pageNumber="106" pagination="1 - 749" refId="B27" refString="Dalla Torre, KW von, 1897. . Catalogus Hymenopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonymicus Volumen VIII: 1 - 749" volume="Volumen VIII" year="1897">Dalla Torre 1897</bibRefCitation>
: 503 (in catalogue of world
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Hymenoptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malvales" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation author="Arnold, G" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Transvaal Museum" pageId="52" pageNumber="105" pagination="320 - 380" refId="B1" refString="Arnold, G, 1929. The Sphegidae of South Africa. Part 13. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 13: 320 - 380" title="The Sphegidae of South Africa. Part 13." volume="13" year="1929">Arnold 1929</bibRefCitation>
: 332, figs 4, 4a-c, ♂, ♀ (in revision of southern African
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Hexapoda" family="Sphecidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sphecidae</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation author="Arnold, G" journalOrPublisher="University Press, Cambridge, England" pageId="52" pageNumber="105" pagination="1 - 21" refId="B2" refString="Arnold, G, 1930. A check-list of the Sphegidae of the Ethiopian Region. University Press, Cambridge, England: 1 - 21" title="A check-list of the Sphegidae of the Ethiopian Region." year="1930">Arnold 1930</bibRefCitation>
: 21 (in checklist of Afrotropical
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Sphegidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sphegidae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Handlirsch" authorityYear="1893" class="Hexapoda" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bubalus">Bembix bubalus</taxonomicName>
Handlirsch,
<bibRefCitation author="Bohart, RM" journalOrPublisher="The Annals and Magazine of natural History (series 7)" pageId="52" pageNumber="105" refId="B16" refString="Bohart, RM, Menke, AS, 1976. Sphecid wasps of the world. University of California Press, Berkley: i-ix, 1-695." title="Sphecid wasps of the world. University of California Press, Berkley: i-ix, 1 - 695." year="1976">R. Bohart and Menke 1976</bibRefCitation>
: 545 (in checklist of world
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Hexapoda" family="Sphecidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sphecidae</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation author="Gess, SK" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Cape Provincal Museums (natural History)" pageId="54" pageNumber="107" pagination="151 - 161" refId="B45" refString="Gess, SK, Gess, FW, 1989. Notes on nesting behaviour in Bembix bubalus Handlirsch in southern Africa with emphasis on nest sharing and reaction to nest parasites (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae). Annals of the Cape Provincal Museums (natural History) 18: 151 - 161" title="Notes on nesting behaviour in Bembix bubalus Handlirsch in southern Africa with emphasis on nest sharing and reaction to nest parasites (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae)." volume="18" year="1989">Gess and Gess 1989</bibRefCitation>
: 151-160, figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 (flower visiting, nesting, first case of nest sharing in
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Bembix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, prey capture, prey);
<bibRefCitation author="De Melo, GAR" editor="Martins, RP" journalOrPublisher="Oecologia Brasiliensis" pageId="53" pageNumber="106" pagination="85 - 130" refId="B29" refString="De Melo, GAR, 2000. Comportamento social em vespas da familia Sphecidae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). In: Martins, RP, Lewinsohn, TM, Barbeitos, MS, Eds., Ecologia e comportamento de insetos. Oecologia Brasiliensis 8: 85 - 130" title="Comportamento social em vespas da familia Sphecidae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea)." volume="8" volumeTitle="Ecologia e comportamento de insetos." year="2000">De Melo 2000</bibRefCitation>
: 105 (use of one nest by more than one female);
<bibRefCitation author="Evans, HE" journalOrPublisher="Harvard University Press, Cambridge Massachusetts" pageId="54" pageNumber="107" pagination="1 - 340" refId="B36" refString="Evans, HE, O'Neill, KM, 2007. The Sand Wasps: Natural History and Behavior. Harvard University Press, Cambridge Massachusetts: 1 - 340" title="The Sand Wasps: Natural History and Behavior." year="2007">
Evans and
<normalizedToken originalValue="O’Neil">O'Neil</normalizedToken>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
: 183 (summary of information on nesting habits);
<bibRefCitation author="Pulawski, WJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="55" pageNumber="108" publicationUrl="http://research.calacademy.org/ent/catalog_sphecidae" refId="B65" refString="Pulawski, WJ, 2013. Catalog of Sphecidae sensu lato (= Apoidea excluding Apidae)., http://research.calacademy.org/ent/catalog_sphecidae" title="Catalog of Sphecidae sensu lato (= Apoidea excluding Apidae)" url="http://research.calacademy.org/ent/catalog_sphecidae" year="2013">Pulawski 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 16 (in catalogue of world
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Hexapoda" family="Sphecidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sphecidae</taxonomicName>
sensu lato).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="63" type="note">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Note.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Described by Handlirsch from three males and two females from South Africa: &quot;Transvaal (Coll. Saussure) und Cap (Mus. Berolin. et Coll. Saussure)&quot;. Arnold recorded it from Willowmore.</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11853" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Handlirsch" authorityYear="1893" class="Hexapoda" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bubalus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Bembix bubalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">a</emphasis>
raking sand back from nest entrance during nest excavation
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">b</emphasis>
carrying syrphid prey, coming in to land at nest entrance; holding syrphid prey whilst clearing temporary closure from nest entrance preparatory to entering.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">
SOUTH AFRICA: NORTHERN CAPE: N. Namaqualand, Lekkersing [
<geoCoordinate degrees="29.00" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-29.0">29.00S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="17.00" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="17.0">17.00E</geoCoordinate>
], iii.1935 (Museum Staff) [A.J. Hesse et al.], 2 ♀♀ [SAMC]; Fraserburg [
<geoCoordinate degrees="31.55" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-31.55">31.55S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="21.30" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="21.3">21.30E</geoCoordinate>
], 24.xii.1972 (Empey), 1 ♂ [AMGS]. WESTERN CAPE: Oudtshoorn, Onverwacht (
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.38" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-33.38">33.38S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.14" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="22.14">22.14E</geoCoordinate>
), 9-12.xii.1986 (F.W., H.W. and R.W. Gess), 77 ♀♀, 18 ♂♂ (8 ♀♀, 4 ♂♂ on flowers of
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rosales" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="karroo">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">
<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="64" start="start">Acacia</pageBreakToken>
karroo
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hayne; 14 ♂♂ on flowers of
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rosales" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="caffra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Acacia caffra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Thunb.) Willd. (both
<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Mimosoideae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Pinales" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Mimosoideae</taxonomicName>
); 1 ♀ on flowers of
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Zygophyllaceae" genus="Zygophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="retrofractum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Zygophyllum retrofractum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Thunb. (
<taxonomicName genus="Zygophyllaceae" lsidName="" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" rank="genus">Zygophyllaceae</taxonomicName>
); 25 ♀♀ with prey:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Syrphidae</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Hexapoda" family="Syrphidae" genus="Eristalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenax">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Eristalis tenax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.),
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Eristalodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taeniops">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Eristalodes taeniops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Wied.);
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Bombyliidae</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Bombylius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ornatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Bombylius ornatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Wied.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1855" class="Hexapoda" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Systoechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Systoechus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. and others);
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Hexapoda" family="Tabanidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tabanidae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Stratiomyidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="? arthropoda" rank="family">Stratiomyidae</taxonomicName>
) [AMGS]; Olifants River between Citrusdal and Clanwilliam, x-xi.1931 (Museum Staff) [A.J. Hesse et al.], 2 ♂♂ [SAMC]; Upper Sources Olifants River, Ceres [circa
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.05" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-33.05">33.05S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="19.14" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="19.14">19.14E</geoCoordinate>
], xii.1949 (Mus. Exp.) [A.J. Hesse et al.], 1 ♂ [SAMC]; Touwsrivier [
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.20" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-33.2">33.20S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.02" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="20.02">20.02E</geoCoordinate>
], 9.i.1975 (Empey), 1 ♀ [AMGS]; Merweville Distr. [
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.40" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.4">32.40S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="21.31" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="21.31">21.31E</geoCoordinate>
], i-ii.1947 (H. Zinn), 1 ♀ [SAMC]; Spitzkop, Laingsburg Dist. [
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.3" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5555" value="-33.3">33.3S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.35" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="20.35">20.35E</geoCoordinate>
], iii.1938 (Mus. Staff) [A.J. Hesse et al.], 2 ♀♀ [SAMC]; Moordenaars Karroo, Laingsburg Div. [circa
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.58" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.58">32.58S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.49" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="20.49">20.49E</geoCoordinate>
], iii.1937 (Mus. Staff) [A.J. Hesse et al.], 2 ♀♀ [SAMC]; Rooinek [Pass], Laingsburg Distr. [
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.20" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-33.2">33.20S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.52" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="20.52">20.52E</geoCoordinate>
], i.1949 (Zinn - Hesse Mus. Exp.), 1 ♀ [SAMC]; Murraysburg [
<geoCoordinate degrees="31.58" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-31.58">31.58S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="23.47" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="23.47">23.47E</geoCoordinate>
], 2.i.1978 (Empey), 1 ♀, 2 ♂♂ [AMGS]; Rietbron [
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.54" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.54">32.54S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="23.08" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="23.08">23.08E</geoCoordinate>
], 13.i.1965 (H.N. Empey), 1 ♂ [AMGS]. EASTERN CAPE:Mountain Zebra Park (
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.15" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.15">32.15S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.27" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="25.27">25.27E</geoCoordinate>
), 12-16.ii.1988 (A.J. Weaving), 2 ♀♀ [AMGS]; Willowmore [
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.15" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-33.15">33.15S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="23.30" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="23.3">23.30E</geoCoordinate>
], ii.1913 (Brauns), 2 ♀♀ [SAMC ex NMBZ; DMSA]; same locality and collector, 1.xii.1919, 1 ♀ [SAMC ex NMBZ]; same locality and collector, 10.xii.1919 (Brauns), 1 ♂ [AMGS]; same locality and collector, 18.xii.1919, 1 ♂ [SAMC ex NMBZ]; same locality and collector, 20.xii.1920, 1 ♀ [AMGS]; same locality and collector, 3.i.1926, 1 ♀ [AMGS]; same locality, 12.i.1965 (H.N. Empey), 5 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂ [AMGS]; Kingwilliamstown [circa
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.53" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-32.53">32.53S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27.24" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="27.24">27.24E</geoCoordinate>
], 16.i.1965 (H.N. Empey), 1 ♂ [AMGS].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="64" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Geographical distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="64">
This species appears to have a southern distribution in the Succulent Karoo and southern Nama-Karoo with one outlying record from Kingwilliamstown to the east of the Nama-Karoo (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Distributions of collection records of Bembix spp.: a Bembix bubalus b Bembix cameronis c Bembix capensis d Bembix capicola e Bembix cultrifera f Bembix denticauda." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11856" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Fig. 7a</figureCitation>
). The record for a syntype from the
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Transvaal”">&quot;Transvaal&quot;</normalizedToken>
seems questionable.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="64" type="flower associations">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Flower associations.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="64">
Recorded from two plant families:
<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Mimosoideae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Pinales" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Mimosoideae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rosales" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="karroo">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Acacia karroo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hayne. and
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rosales" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="caffra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Acacia caffra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Thunb.) Willd.) (both
<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Mimosoideae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Pinales" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Mimosoideae</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName genus="Zygophyllaceae" lsidName="" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" rank="genus">Zygophyllaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Zygophyllaceae" genus="Zygophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="retrofractum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Zygophyllum retrofractum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Wied.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="64" type="nesting">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Nesting.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Nesting in large aggregations of up to 1,000 or more nests in level friable soil, nest multicellular, sloping burrow in friable soil, the main shaft terminating in a spur, provisioning progressive. Notable for exhibiting nest sharing.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="64" type="prey">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="64">Prey.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="64">
Recorded taking seven families of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Diptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malvales" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Stratiomyidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="? arthropoda" rank="family">Stratiomyidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Hexapoda" family="Tabanidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tabanidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Syrphidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Bombyliidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Muscidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Sarcophagidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sarcophagidae</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tachinidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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