<documentid="047497E39767045856BA9E1052DEBF5E"ID-CLB-Dataset="303319"ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5507.3.4"ID-GBIF-Dataset="b01e8c06-9ac7-44e2-a24d-cfeb2e700228"ID-ISSN="1175-5326"ID-Zenodo-Dep="13757899"ID-ZooBank="D127F8C1-0A13-4BFD-8495-776D20142BBD"IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe"IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe"IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe"IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe"IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch"IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe"IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe"checkinTime="1726221963931"checkinUser="plazi"docAuthor="Yanwei, Lv, Wen, Guo & Mengna, Wang"docDate="2024"docId="03B9322F417CFF9DA8BBB800FAE8FA6A"docLanguage="en"docName="zootaxa.5507.3.4.pdf"docOrigin="Zootaxa 5507 (3)"docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5507.3.4"docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article"docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D"docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article"docStyleVersion="9"docTitle="Linhystera filiformis Yanwei, Wen & Mengna, 2024, sp. nov."docType="treatment"docVersion="6"lastPageNumber="464"masterDocId="FF804A574179FF95A82CBD76FFF1FFC6"masterDocTitle="Description of two new nematode species: Ingenia major sp. nov. (Tripyloididae) and Linhystera filiformis sp. nov. (Xyalidae) from an intertidal beach of the Yellow China Sea"masterLastPageNumber="466"masterPageNumber="456"pageNumber="461"updateTime="1732566371922"updateUser="ExternalLinkService"zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:titleid="AE25AE154969B87501CAD3F4696B5478">Description of two new nematode species: Ingenia major sp. nov. (Tripyloididae) and Linhystera filiformis sp. nov. (Xyalidae) from an intertidal beach of the Yellow China Sea</mods:title>
<mods:affiliationid="5AF4159D2EAF93E8D230E083CBC3F464">College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, P. R. China.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="9EAC05F08CCD9CAB6CEC9D4886E4A64C">College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, P. R. China.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="9E8DE81C165EBE412DDFC4911142CE81">College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, P. R. China.</mods:affiliation>
<taxonomicNameid="4C10F8BA417CFF90A8BBB800FE60FA57"ID-CoL="CKHMZ"authorityName="Yanwei & Wen & Mengna"authorityYear="2024"box="[151,401,1398,1425]"class="Chromadorea"family="Xyalidae"genus="Linhystera"kingdom="Animalia"order="Monhysterida"pageId="5"pageNumber="461"phylum="Nematoda"rank="species"species="filiformis"status="sp. nov.">
<figureCitationid="132B9FBC417CFF90A8B3B8EDFED9FA73"box="[159,296,1435,1461]"captionStart-0="FIGURE 3"captionStart-1="FIGURE 4"captionStartId-0="6.[152,255,1909,1933]"captionStartId-1="7.[152,255,1503,1527]"captionTargetBox-0="[221,1359,190,1873]"captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,181,1479]"captionTargetId-0="figure-18@6.[216,1371,181,1884]"captionTargetId-1="figure-27@7.[151,1436,181,1479]"captionTargetPageId-0="6"captionTargetPageId-1="7"captionText-0="FIGURE 3. Linhystera filiformis sp. nov. A. Lateral view of male anterior end, showing amphidial fovea and cephalic setae; B. Lateral view of female anterior end, showing amphidial fovea and cephalic setae; C. Lateral view of female entire body; D. Lateral view of male posterior portion; E. Spicules and gubernaculum; F. Lateral view of female posterior portion. Scales: A, B, D, F = 20 µm, C = 50 µm."captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Linhystera filiformis sp. nov. A. Lateral view of male anterior end, showing amphidial fovea (arrow); B. Lateral view of male anterior end, showing cephalic setae (arrow); C. Lateral view of male posterior portion, showing spicules (arrow); D. Lateral view of male posterior portion, showing gubernaculum (arrow); E. Lateral view of male posterior end, showing tail and terminal setae. Scales: A, B, C, D, E = 20 µm."figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13757907"figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13757909"httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13757907/files/figure.png"httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13757909/files/figure.png"pageId="5"pageNumber="461">Figures 3–4</figureCitation>
<tableCitationid="C692B682417CFF90A91FB8EDFE75FA73"box="[307,388,1435,1461]"captionStart="TABLE 1"captionStartId="4.[151,239,260,284]"captionTargetPageId="4"captionText="TABLE 1. Individual measurements of Ingenia major sp. nov. and Linhystera filiformis sp. nov. (in µm except for de Man’s ratios)."httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6FD3B1417DFF91A8BBBC72FEDDFE86"pageId="5"pageNumber="461"tableUuid="DF6FD3B1417DFF91A8BBBC72FEDDFE86">Table 1</tableCitation>
<taxonomicNameid="4C10F8BA417CFF90AA28BBE1FD9AF977"authorityName="Yanwei & Wen & Mengna"authorityYear="2024"box="[516,619,1687,1713]"class="Chromadorea"family="Xyalidae"genus="Linhystera"kingdom="Animalia"order="Monhysterida"pageId="5"pageNumber="461"phylum="Nematoda"rank="species"species="filiformis">
<tableCitationid="C692B682417CFF90AB20BBCDFC91F913"box="[780,864,1723,1749]"captionStart="TABLE 1"captionStartId="4.[151,239,260,284]"captionTargetPageId="4"captionText="TABLE 1. Individual measurements of Ingenia major sp. nov. and Linhystera filiformis sp. nov. (in µm except for de Man’s ratios)."httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6FD3B1417DFF91A8BBBC72FEDDFE86"pageId="5"pageNumber="461"tableUuid="DF6FD3B1417DFF91A8BBBC72FEDDFE86">Table 1</tableCitation>
Body cylindrical, filiform, tapering towards both extremities. Cuticle striated. Six outer labial setae and four cephalic setae in the same circle and with the same length, 4–5 μm (0.6–0.8 head diameter). Amphidial fovea circular, 4–5 μm in diameter (0.4–0.6 c.b.d.), located at 7–8 μm (1.0–1.2 head diameter) from anterior body end. Buccal cavity minute, slit-like. Pharynx muscular and cylindrical, posterior end not widened and without posterior bulb. Cardia triangular. Nerve ring positioned slightly posterior to half of pharynx length (0.5–0.7 pharynx length). Excretory pore and ventral gland not observed. Tail filiform, 14–16 c.b.d. Three terminal setae, 5 μm in length. Three caudal glands in tail region.
<taxonomicNameid="4C10F8BA417FFF93A90CBA03FE00F84B"authorityName="Yanwei & Wen & Mengna"authorityYear="2024"box="[288,497,1909,1933]"class="Chromadorea"family="Xyalidae"genus="Linhystera"kingdom="Animalia"order="Monhysterida"pageId="6"pageNumber="462"phylum="Nematoda"rank="species"species="filiformis"status="sp. nov.">
A. Lateral view of male anterior end, showing amphidial fovea and cephalic setae; B. Lateral view of female anterior end, showing amphidial fovea and cephalic setae; C. Lateral view of female entire body; D. Lateral view of male posterior portion; E. Spicules and gubernaculum; F. Lateral view of female posterior portion. Scales: A, B, D, F = 20 µm, C = 50 µm.
<taxonomicNameid="4C10F8BA417EFF92A90CB8A9FE00FA31"authorityName="Yanwei & Wen & Mengna"authorityYear="2024"box="[288,497,1503,1527]"class="Chromadorea"family="Xyalidae"genus="Linhystera"kingdom="Animalia"order="Monhysterida"pageId="7"pageNumber="463"phylum="Nematoda"rank="species"species="filiformis"status="sp. nov.">
A. Lateral view of male anterior end, showing amphidial fovea (arrow); B. Lateral view of male anterior end, showing cephalic setae (arrow); C. Lateral view of male posterior portion, showing spicules (arrow); D. Lateral view of male posterior portion, showing gubernaculum (arrow); E. Lateral view of male posterior end, showing tail and terminal setae. Scales: A, B, C, D, E = 20 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraphid="8BAF8339417EFF92A8EBBBC3FF17F8FD"blockId="7.[151,1437,1717,2031]"pageId="7"pageNumber="463">The reproductive system with one testis outstretched to the left of the intestine. Spicules paired and equal in length (1.4–1.6 cloacal body diameter), sickle-shaped, with a small capitulum in the proximal end, middle part enlarged and distal end tapered. Gubernaculum boat-shaped, 0.4–0.5 cloacal body diameter. Precloacal supplements absent.</paragraph>
Similar to males in most characters. Single anterior outstretched ovary to the left of the intestine.Vulva located at mid-body, 460–489 μm (49.8–54.6 % body length) to anterior body end. Vagina short and sclerotized.
<emphasisid="B9645F2B417EFF92A8EBBAFBFD5BF861"bold="true"box="[199,682,1933,1959]"pageId="7"pageNumber="463">Differentiation diagnosis and discussion.</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameid="4C10F8BA417EFF92AA9DBAFBFC66F861"authorityName="Yanwei & Wen & Mengna"authorityYear="2024"box="[689,919,1933,1959]"class="Chromadorea"family="Xyalidae"genus="Linhystera"kingdom="Animalia"order="Monhysterida"pageId="7"pageNumber="463"phylum="Nematoda"rank="species"species="filiformis"status="sp. nov.">
is characterized by filiform body, six outer labial setae and four cephalic setae in one circle with the same length, amphidial fovea circular, buccal cavity minute, slit-like, spicules sickle-shaped, gubernaculum boat-shaped and tail filiform.
<bibRefCitationid="EF81FEC84171FF9DAC2DBDE1FB79FF76"author="Juario, J. V."box="[1025,1160,151,176]"pageId="8"pageNumber="464"pagination="275 - 303"refId="ref5004"refString="Juario, J. V. (1974) Neue freilebende Nematoden aus dem Sublitoral der Deutschen Bucht. Veroffentlichungen Des Instituts fur Meeresforschung in Bremerhaven, 14, 275 - 303."type="journal article"year="1974">Juario, 1974</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. *The value was obtained by measurements in the figure and description; the dash means the data are absent; L, body length in µm; CS, cephalic setae length in µm; c.b.d., corresponding body diameter; Amp, amphidial fovea diameter/ corresponding body diameter (%); Pharynx, pharynx length in µm; Spicules, spicules length in µm, Gubernacular apophysis, gubernacular apophysis length in µm.
<taxonomicNameid="4C10F8BA4171FF9DA9A2BCEBFDB1FE72"authorityName="Yu, Huang & Xu"authorityYear="2014"box="[398,576,412,436]"class="Chromadorea"family="Xyalidae"genus="Linhystera"kingdom="Animalia"order="Monhysterida"pageId="8"pageNumber="464"phylum="Nematoda"rank="species"species="breviapophysis">
<taxonomicNameid="4C10F8BA4171FF9DAA72BCEBFD24FE72"authorityName="Yanwei & Wen & Mengna"authorityYear="2024"box="[606,725,412,436]"class="Chromadorea"family="Xyalidae"genus="Linhystera"kingdom="Animalia"order="Monhysterida"pageId="8"pageNumber="464"phylum="Nematoda"rank="species"species="filiformis"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="4C10F8BA4171FF9DAB4ABCEBFC4AFE72"authorityName="Pastor de Ward"authorityYear="1985"box="[870,955,412,436]"class="Chromadorea"family="Xyalidae"genus="Linhystera"kingdom="Animalia"order="Monhysterida"pageId="8"pageNumber="464"phylum="Nematoda"rank="species"species="longa">
<taxonomicNameid="4C10F8BA4171FF9DABD5BCEBFB5CFE72"authorityName="Yu, Huang & Xu"authorityYear="2014"box="[1017,1197,412,436]"class="Chromadorea"family="Xyalidae"genus="Linhystera"kingdom="Animalia"order="Monhysterida"pageId="8"pageNumber="464"phylum="Nematoda"rank="species"species="longiapophysis">
<bibRefCitationid="EF81FEC84171FF9DA98CBE83FDDEFBCA"author="Yu, T. T. & Huang, Y. & Xu, K. D."box="[416,559,1012,1036]"pageId="8"pageNumber="464"pagination="515 - 520"refId="ref5418"refString="Yu, T. T., Huang, Y. & Xu, K. D. (2014) Two new nematode species, Linhystera breviapophysis and L. longiapophysis (Xyalidae, Nematoda), from the East China Sea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 94 (3), 515 - 520."type="journal article"year="2014">
<bibRefCitationid="EF81FEC84171FF9DAB4DBE95FC3AFBD8"author="Pastor de Ward, C. T."pageId="8"pageNumber="464"pagination="113 - 130"refId="ref5187"refString="Pastor de Ward, C. T. (1985) Nematodes marinos de la ria deseado (Monhysteroidea, Xyalidae) Santa Cruz Argentina II. Physis, Buenos Aires, 43, 113 - 130."type="journal article"year="1985">Pastor de Ward, 1985</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="EF81FEC84171FF9DAC20BE83FB6AFBCA"author="Yu, T. T. & Huang, Y. & Xu, K. D."box="[1036,1179,1012,1036]"pageId="8"pageNumber="464"pagination="515 - 520"refId="ref5418"refString="Yu, T. T., Huang, Y. & Xu, K. D. (2014) Two new nematode species, Linhystera breviapophysis and L. longiapophysis (Xyalidae, Nematoda), from the East China Sea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 94 (3), 515 - 520."type="journal article"year="2014">
<bibRefCitationid="EF81FEC84171FF9DACDCBE82FA9FFBCA"author="Juario, J. V."box="[1264,1390,1012,1036]"pageId="8"pageNumber="464"pagination="275 - 303"refId="ref5004"refString="Juario, J. V. (1974) Neue freilebende Nematoden aus dem Sublitoral der Deutschen Bucht. Veroffentlichungen Des Instituts fur Meeresforschung in Bremerhaven, 14, 275 - 303."type="journal article"year="1974">Juario, 1974</bibRefCitation>
According to the diagnostic character of “presence and absence of gubernacular apophysis” (
<figureCitationid="132B9FBC4171FF9DACCEB904FAB5FB4A"box="[1250,1348,1137,1164]"captionStart="FIGURE 5"captionStartId="9.[152,255,1385,1409]"captionTargetBox="[160,1430,187,1355]"captionTargetId="figure-27@9.[151,1436,181,1361]"captionTargetPageId="9"captionText="FIGURE 5. Pictorial key for identification of the species in genus Linhystera Juario, 1974."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13757911"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13757911/files/figure.png"pageId="8"pageNumber="464">Figure 5</figureCitation>
<tableCitationid="C692B6824171FF9DA89BB9CCFEC3FB15"box="[183,306,1210,1236]"captionStart="TABLE 2"captionStartId="8.[151,239,151,175]"captionTargetPageId="8"captionText="TABLE 2. Morphometric characteristics of valid species of the genus Linhystera Juario, 1974. *The value was obtained by measurements in the figure and description; the dash means the data are absent; L, body length in µm; CS, cephalic setae length in µm; c.b.d., corresponding body diameter; Amp, amphidial fovea diameter/ corresponding body diameter (%); Pharynx, pharynx length in µm; Spicules, spicules length in µm, Gubernacular apophysis, gubernacular apophysis length in µm."httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6FD3B14171FF9DA8BBBDE1FED6FE86"pageId="8"pageNumber="464"tableUuid="DF6FD3B14171FF9DA8BBBDE1FED6FE86">
<taxonomicNameid="4C10F8BA4171FF9DA933B9CCFEC3FB15"authorityName="Yu, Huang & Xu"authorityYear="2014"box="[287,306,1210,1235]"class="Chromadorea"family="Xyalidae"genus="Linhystera"kingdom="Animalia"order="Monhysterida"pageId="8"pageNumber="464"phylum="Nematoda"rank="species"species="breviapophysis">
<taxonomicNameid="4C10F8BA4171FF9DAA0AB9CCFD00FB12"authorityName="Yu, Huang & Xu"authorityYear="2014"box="[550,753,1210,1236]"class="Chromadorea"family="Xyalidae"genus="Linhystera"kingdom="Animalia"order="Monhysterida"pageId="8"pageNumber="464"phylum="Nematoda"rank="species"species="longiapophysis">
are characterized with the presence of gubernaculum with apophysis, while
<taxonomicNameid="4C10F8BA4171FF9DA94AB9A8FE01FB3E"authorityName="Yanwei & Wen & Mengna"authorityYear="2024"box="[358,496,1246,1272]"class="Chromadorea"family="Xyalidae"genus="Linhystera"kingdom="Animalia"order="Monhysterida"pageId="8"pageNumber="464"phylum="Nematoda"rank="species"species="filiformis"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="4C10F8BA4171FF9DAA43B9A8FD23FB3E"authorityName="Pastor de Ward"authorityYear="1985"box="[623,722,1246,1272]"class="Chromadorea"family="Xyalidae"genus="Linhystera"kingdom="Animalia"order="Monhysterida"pageId="8"pageNumber="464"phylum="Nematoda"rank="species"species="longa">
<taxonomicNameid="4C10F8BA4171FF9DA8BBB874FE8CFADA"authorityName="Yanwei & Wen & Mengna"authorityYear="2024"box="[151,381,1282,1308]"class="Chromadorea"family="Xyalidae"genus="Linhystera"kingdom="Animalia"order="Monhysterida"pageId="8"pageNumber="464"phylum="Nematoda"rank="species"species="filiformis"status="sp. nov.">
in the body length (829–1048 μm vs. 720–833 μm), amphidial fovea size (3–5 μm vs. 5–8 μm in diameter), amphidial fovea location (6–8 μm vs. 8–11 μm from anterior end) and the tail length (154–233 μm vs. 95–106 μm); differs from
<taxonomicNameid="4C10F8BA4171FF9DAC28B83CFB92FAA2"authorityName="Pastor de Ward"authorityYear="1985"box="[1028,1123,1354,1380]"class="Chromadorea"family="Xyalidae"genus="Linhystera"kingdom="Animalia"order="Monhysterida"pageId="8"pageNumber="464"phylum="Nematoda"rank="species"species="longa">
in shorter body (829–1048 μm vs. 1250–1320 μm), shorter tail (154–233 μm vs. 270–322 μm) and shorter spicules (19–21 μm vs. 51–53 μm). Furthermore, differences between
<taxonomicNameid="4C10F8BA4171FF9DAA34B8E4FD6CFA6A"authorityName="Yanwei & Wen & Mengna"authorityYear="2024"box="[536,669,1426,1452]"class="Chromadorea"family="Xyalidae"genus="Linhystera"kingdom="Animalia"order="Monhysterida"pageId="8"pageNumber="464"phylum="Nematoda"rank="species"species="filiformis"status="sp. nov.">
