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210 lines
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<document ID-DOI="10.1080/00379271.2003.10697366" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ab0767c3-8f6b-4800-a4eb-d4c096aa0bd0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3569894" approvalRequired="1" approvalRequired_for_illustrations="1" checkinTime="1576016047288" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Boulard, Michel" docDate="2003" docId="03D787FBFFD9FFCEFF3DF9EE407F1D03" docLanguage="fr" docName="AnnlsSocEntFr.39.2.97-119.pdf" docOrigin="Ann. Soc. entomol. Fr. (n. s.) 39 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Cryptotympana mandarina Distant 1891" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="101" masterDocId="FFEEFF83FFDAFFCAFF88FFBD415C1A59" masterDocTitle="Éthologie sonore et statut acoustique de quelques Cigales thaïlandaises, incluant la description de deux espèces nouvelles (Hemiptera: Auchenorhyncha *, Cicadoidea, Cicadidae)" masterLastPageNumber="119" masterPageNumber="97" pageNumber="100" updateTime="1661447656404" updateUser="tatiana" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Éthologie sonore et statut acoustique de quelques Cigales thaïlandaises, incluant la description de deux espèces nouvelles (Hemiptera: Auchenorhyncha *, Cicadoidea, Cicadidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Boulard, Michel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>École pratique des hautes Études, Biologie et Évolution des Insectes, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, 45, rue Buffon, F- 75005 Paris</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Ann. Soc. entomol. Fr. (n. s.)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2003</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2003-12-31</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>39</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>97</mods:start>
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<mods:end>119</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1080/00379271.2003.10697366</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">ab0767c3-8f6b-4800-a4eb-d4c096aa0bd0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3569894</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6277026" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160689486" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6277026" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D787FBFFD9FFCEFF3DF9EE407F1D03" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D787FBFFD9FFCEFF3DF9EE407F1D03" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="101" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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<subSubSection box="[181,737,1618,1648]" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[181,737,1618,1648]" box="[181,737,1618,1648]" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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2)
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<taxonomicName authority="Distant, 1891" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1891" box="[214,737,1618,1648]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Cryptotympana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandarina">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[214,563,1618,1648]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Cryptotympana mandarina</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="DISTANT W. L." box="[570,737,1619,1648]" journalOrPublisher="Calcutta and London, Trustees of the Indian Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" pagination="1 - 158" part="i-ix" refId="ref13115" refString="1891 /" title="A Monograph of Oriental Cicadidae" type="journal article" year="1891">Distant, 1891</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="100" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[151,768,1668,1789]" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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<treatmentCitation author="DISTANT W. L." box="[151,535,1668,1688]" page="86" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" year="1891">
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<taxonomicName authority="Distant, 1891" authorityName="Distant" authorityPageNumber="86" authorityYear="1891" box="[151,494,1668,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Cryptotympana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandarina">
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<emphasis box="[151,371,1668,1688]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Cryptotympana mandarina</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="DISTANT W. L." box="[377,535,1668,1688]" journalOrPublisher="Calcutta and London, Trustees of the Indian Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" pagination="1 - 158" part="i-ix" refId="ref13115" refString="1891 /" title="A Monograph of Oriental Cicadidae" type="journal article" year="1891">Distant, 1891: 86</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="DISTANT W. L." box="[549,592,1668,1688]" page="86" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" year="1892">
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<bibRefCitation author="DISTANT W. L." box="[549,592,1668,1688]" journalOrPublisher="Calcutta and London, Trustees of the Indian Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" pagination="1 - 158" part="i-ix" refId="ref13115" refString="1892 - A Monograph of Oriental Cicadidae. - Calcutta and London, Trustees of the Indian Museum: i-ix, 1 - 158 p." title="A Monograph of Oriental Cicadidae" type="journal article" year="1892">1892</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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: pl. XI, fig. 7, a, b;
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<treatmentCitation author="Hayashi" box="[189,349,1692,1712]" page="74" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" year="1987">Hayashi 1987: 74.</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[151,768,1668,1789]" box="[151,660,1719,1739]" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,660,1719,1739]" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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<taxonomicName authority="Jacobi, 1905" authorityName="Jacobi" authorityPageNumber="431" authorityYear="1905" box="[151,439,1719,1739]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Cryptotympana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corvus">
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<emphasis box="[151,329,1719,1738]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Cryptotympana corvus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation author="JACOBI A." box="[334,487,1719,1739]" page="431" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" year="1905">
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<bibRefCitation author="Jacobi" box="[334,487,1719,1739]" firstAuthor="Jacobi" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abtheilung fur Systematik, Okologie, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere" page="431" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" pagination="425 - 446" part="21" refId="ref13687" refString="JACOBI A. 1905 - Zur Kenntnis der Cicadenfauna von Tonking. - Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abtheilung fur Systematik, Okologie, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere, 21: 425 - 446." title="Zur Kenntnis der Cicadenfauna von Tonking" type="journal article" year="1905">Jacobi, 1905: 431</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<emphasis box="[500,530,1719,1737]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">non</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Walker" bookContentInfo="260 p." box="[535,649,1719,1739]" firstAuthor="Walker" journalOrPublisher="I" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" refId="ref14133" refString="WALKER F. 1850 - List of the specimens of Homopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. I: 260 p." title="List of the specimens of Homopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum" type="book" year="1850">Walker, 1850</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[151,768,1668,1789]" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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<taxonomicName authority="Distant, 1917" authorityName="Distant" authorityPageNumber="319" authorityYear="1917" box="[151,464,1745,1765]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Cryptotympana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimica">
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<emphasis box="[151,274,1746,1765]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Cryptotympana</emphasis>
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<emphasis box="[280,340,1746,1764]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">mimica</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation author="DISTANT W. L." box="[347,514,1745,1765]" page="319" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" year="1917">
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<bibRefCitation author="Distant" box="[347,514,1745,1765]" firstAuthor="Distant" journalOrPublisher="The Annals and Magazine of Natural History" page="319" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" pagination="100 - 104" part="19" refId="ref13412" refString="DISTANT W. L. 1917 - The Homoptera of Indo-China. - The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (8) 19: 100 - 104." title="The Homoptera of Indo-China" type="journal article" year="1917">Distant, 1917: 319</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="Hayashi" box="[529,686,1745,1765]" page="74" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" year="1987">Hayashi 1987: 74</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="CHOU et al." page="279" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" year="1997">
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<bibRefCitation author="Chou" bookContentInfo="380 p." etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chou" journalOrPublisher="Hong Kong, Tianze Eldoneio" page="279" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" refId="ref13057" refString="CHOU I. et al. 1997 - The cicadidae of China. - Hong Kong, Tianze Eldoneio: 380 p." title="The cicadidae of China" type="book" year="1997">
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Chou
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<emphasis box="[754,768,1746,1764]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">et</emphasis>
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<emphasis box="[189,211,1769,1788]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">al.</emphasis>
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1997: 279
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="100" type="distribution">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[151,768,1822,1881]" lastBlockId="3.[820,1438,916,1199]" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,598,1822,1849]" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Distribution géographique connue</emphasis>
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;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">localisation temporelle</emphasis>
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– Décrite tout d’abord de
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<collectingCountry box="[593,664,1855,1881]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Chine</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="DISTANT W. L." box="[680,880,916,1881]" journalOrPublisher="Calcutta and London, Trustees of the Indian Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" pagination="1 - 158" part="i-ix" refId="ref13115" refString="1891 /" title="A Monograph of Oriental Cicadidae" type="journal article" year="1891">Distant 1891</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 86),
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1891" box="[970,1122,916,943]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Cryptotympana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandarina">
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<emphasis box="[970,1122,916,943]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">C. mandarina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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occupe une large partie subseptentrionale du Sud-Est continental de l’Asie tropicale (Hayashi 1987, II: 74-78). Dans le Nord de la
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<collectingCountry box="[820,939,1012,1038]" name="Thailand" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Thaïlande</collectingCountry>
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, nous l’avons rencontrée sur les flancs escarpés du Doi Mon Kia. Les adultes y éclosent en septembre, au milieu de la saison des pluies, et nous avons pu suivre et photographier les différentes phases de sa métamorphose, dont on donne ici un premier document (
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<figureCitation box="[953,1099,1172,1199]" captionStart="Ci-contre" captionStartId="1.[820,902,1341,1360]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,91,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[156,1431,91,1875]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Ci-contre: Instantanés sur la biologie de quelques Cigales thaïlandaises 1, Cryptotympana aquila (Walker, 1850), mâle en train de s’alimenter (objectif de 100 mm, en cage). – 2, Cryptotympana mandarina Distant, 1891, femelle achevant sa métamorphose (objectif de 135 mm, in natura, 0 h 45). – 3, Meimuna durga (Distant, 1881); mâle cymbalisant, ailes non écartées (objectif de 135 mm, in natura, 14 h 15). – 4, Meimuna durga (Distant, 1881), mâle et femelle accouplés (objectif de 135 mm, in natura, 13h 45). – 5, Pomponia linearis (Walker, 1850), mâle au repos (objectif de 135 mm, in natura, le matin, vers 11 heures). – 6 et 7, Tanna ventriroseus n. sp., mâle cymbalisant (6); mâle s’alimentant (7); (objectif de 100 mm, en cage). – 8, Terpnosia nonusaprilis n. sp., mâle cymbalisant, ailes non écartées (objectif de 135 mm, in natura). – 9, Terpnosia nonpareil s n. sp., mâle et femelle accouplés (objectif de 300 mm, in natura, 11 h 55). – 10, Meimuna tavoyana (Distant, 1888), mâle; vue des 3/4 ventraux mettant en évidence la forme et l’écartement de ses opercules (objectif de 100 mm, en cage).– 11, Gaeana cheni Chou & Yao, 1985, mâle achevant de se métamorphoser (objectif de 135 mm, in natura, la nuit, 3h 17). – 12, Gaeana cheni Chou & Yao, 1985, couple venant de chuter à terre (objectif de 135 mm, 14 h 35). – 13, Ambragaeana ambra Chou & Yao, 1985, mâle dans la phase finale de sa métamorphose, achevant de pigmenter sa livrée (objectif de 135 mm, in natura, au milieu d’une matinée ensoleillée). (Photographies Michel Boulard)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3569896/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Pl. photo: 2</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="100" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[820,1437,1226,1881]" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[820,1055,1227,1251]" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Présentation succincte</emphasis>
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–
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1891" box="[1081,1342,1226,1250]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Cryptotympana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandarina">
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<emphasis box="[1081,1342,1226,1250]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Cryptotympana mandarina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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existerait sous plusieurs morphes caractérisées par la plus ou moins grande extension des plages opacifiées sur la moitié basale des ailes (Hayashi
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<emphasis box="[913,979,1314,1338]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">loc. cit.</emphasis>
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). Dans notre localité thaïlandaise, c’est la forme typique que l’on trouve, avec ses plages homélytrales d’un jaune diaphane nettement délimitées par la ligne nodale, tandis que la base seule des ailes postérieures se trouve densément teintée de bistre. C’est une belle Cigale au corps trapu, la face dorsale foncièrement d’un brun sombre et brillant, la face ventrale d’un brun plus clair, presque orangé, mais avec une large fascie parasagittale et presque noire courant sur l’ensemble des sternites. La tête et le thorax portent des macules jaunâtres, ponctuelles ou linéaires, et des petites touffes de poils dorés ornent les angles antérieurs et postérieurs du scutum. Les mâles sont un peu plus gros que les femelles, les mensurations pour l’un des couples capturés donnent 64 et
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<quantity box="[1060,1133,1666,1690]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
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pour la longueur totale, 44 et
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<quantity box="[820,893,1695,1719]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 mm</quantity>
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pour celle du corps, 18,4 et
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<quantity box="[1180,1252,1695,1719]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="17.0">17 mm</quantity>
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pour la largeur de la tête, 16 et
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<quantity box="[946,1037,1725,1749]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.48" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="14.8">14,8 mm</quantity>
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pour la largeur du mésonotum et 120 et
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<quantity box="[820,905,1754,1778]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.16" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="116.0">116 mm</quantity>
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pour l’envergure.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="101" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[820,1437,1226,1881]" lastBlockId="4.[151,768,916,1231]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="101" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[820,1412,1790,1817]" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Notes éthologiques et Carte d’identité acoustique</emphasis>
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– Héliophile et de pleine journée, le mâle de
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1891" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Cryptotympana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandarina">C. mandarina</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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comme celui de
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[1058,1159,1855,1881]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Cryptotympana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aquila">
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<emphasis box="[1058,1159,1855,1881]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">C. aquila</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, est un voyageur solitaire privilégiant les hautes canopées. Les rayons du soleil semblent lui être particulièrement nécessaires pour émettre ses appels sonores: un nuage conséquent suffit à ralentir, puis stopper sa cymbalisation. Celle-ci comprend une suite de séquences incluant des groupes de signaux plus ou moins télescopés entre eux et produisant un grésillement montant tout d’abord en puissance décibellaire, puis se fragmentant en six (plus ou moins un ou deux) groupes de signaux densément serrés, mais de loin en loin séparés par de courts passages moins puissants.
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3569900" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3569900" box="[151,283,190,209]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3569900/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="101" startId="4.[151,266,190,209]" targetBox="[341,1440,187,860]" targetPageId="4">
|
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<paragraph blockId="4.[151,283,190,209]" box="[151,283,190,209]" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">
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<heading bold="true" box="[151,283,190,209]" fontSize="8" level="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="101" reason="2">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,283,190,209]" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">Sonogramme 2</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph blockId="4.[151,768,1269,1882]" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">
|
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<figureCitation box="[151,332,1269,1293]" captionStart="Sonogramme 2" captionStartId="4.[151,266,190,209]" captionTargetBox="[341,1440,187,860]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[315,1452,173,882]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Sonogramme 2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3569900/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,332,1269,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">
|
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Sonogramme n°
|
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<treatmentHeading box="[319,332,1269,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">2</treatmentHeading>
|
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|
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</emphasis>
|
|||
|
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</figureCitation>
|
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:
|
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<taxonomicName authority="Distant, 1891" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1891" box="[348,762,1269,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Cryptotympana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandarina">
|
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[348,505,1269,1293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">Cryptotympana</emphasis>
|
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|
|
<emphasis bold="true" box="[510,624,1269,1293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">mandarina</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="DISTANT W. L." box="[629,762,1269,1293]" journalOrPublisher="Calcutta and London, Trustees of the Indian Museum" pageId="4" pageNumber="101" pagination="1 - 158" part="i-ix" refId="ref13115" refString="1891 /" title="A Monograph of Oriental Cicadidae" type="journal article" year="1891">
|
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|
|
Distant,
|
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|
<date box="[711,762,1269,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="101" value="1891">1891</date>
|
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|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, CIA (fréquence d’échantillonnage: 44 100 Hz):
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph blockId="4.[151,768,1269,1882]" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" box="[197,208,1328,1352]" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">a</emphasis>
|
|||
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|
) Oscillogramme temporel fondé sur l’enregistrement de 30 secondes transcrivant, en temps réel, la fin d’une séquence presque immédiatement suivie d’une séquence entière que composent 6 groupes à peu près équivalents de signaux grésillés, les 2 premiers allant crescendo, le dernier se terminant de façon abrupte.
|
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|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph blockId="4.[151,768,1269,1882]" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">
|
|||
|
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(
|
|||
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|
<emphasis bold="true" box="[197,211,1504,1528]" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">b</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
) Spectre fréquentiel moyen, positionnant le fondamental vers 3 000 Hz, et précisant l’efficacité sonore maximale aux environs de 7 200 Hz, tandis trois autres pics d’intensité se situent à 5 500 et 9 000 Hz.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
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<paragraph blockId="4.[151,768,1269,1882]" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" box="[198,209,1623,1647]" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">c</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
) Oscillogramme partiel, étiré dans un espace-temps détaillant la portion de la cymbalisation inversée en (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" box="[671,682,1652,1676]" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">a</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
) et figurant la fin d’un groupe et le début du suivant, lequel s’avère composé de sous-groupes.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph blockId="4.[151,768,1269,1882]" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" box="[197,211,1741,1765]" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">d</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
) Spectrogramme fondé sur l’oscillogramme précédent et retranscrivant l’occupation fréquentielle. Les parties retenues des deux ensembles ne distinguent pas d’harmoniques précis, mais s’étalent entre 3 000 et 10 500 Hz, ce qui correspond au grésillement produit.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|