treatments-xml/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFCAFFB2FF08E63FFB30F9F2.xml

<document id="DB23CCBD280E4556923FD7953F564C32" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13877123" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1727825735609" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Bungartz, Frank, Elix, John A. &amp; Printzen, Christian" docDate="2020" docId="F74787FDFFCAFFB2FF08E63FFB30F9F2" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.431.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 431 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.4:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Lecanora subimmersa Vain. 1890" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="0B7EFF85FFDBFFA3FF80E710FF9AFFC7" masterDocTitle="Lecanoroid lichens in the Galapagos Islands: the genera Lecanora, Protoparmeliopsis, and Vainionora (Lecanoraceae, Lecanoromycetes)" masterLastPageNumber="85" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1727831017995" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="0EE01CF81DFAB5B04A47FF72116C4B1F">Lecanoroid lichens in the Galapagos Islands: the genera Lecanora, Protoparmeliopsis, and Vainionora (Lecanoraceae, Lecanoromycetes)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E2CEC722B07D59EC8452B6A5FFF1F942">Bungartz, Frank</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="0966BA73C8151B403D2E0D150AAD84E2">Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; &amp; Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador; &amp; Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Ecuador. frank. bungartz @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="49ABC3047BB8F5E118268255BB4B9211" type="email">frank.bungartz@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="D825EF6112AE5D2B5D5F5DA4EC841178">Elix, John A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4925E1D051B3F2B6AF5FFE31F95257E4">Research School of Chemistry, Building 137, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. john. elix @ anu. edu. au</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="83BA28CCB1C0DFF3D0B01C72A39C4DB8" type="email">john.elix@anu.edu.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="EE7FE12EAF88431ED2231C1D1E5A25AC">Printzen, Christian</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2A4796EB29C0E59E7762FDCEE441FB3F">Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; &amp; Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Abteilung Botanik und Molekulare Evolutionsforschung, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. christian. printzen @ senckenberg. de &amp; Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA;</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="76AD40CF04EAE3E0FB74C5665C86B9C2" type="email">christian.printzen@senckenberg.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="7E489EDAFDEA16DFC80C3C1C505C51E6">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B41CB030A107E04AF8280291A42A185B">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="F74787FDFFCAFFB2FF08E63FFB30F9F2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13877141" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13877141" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F74787FDFFCAFFB2FF08E63FFB30F9F2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F74787FDFFCAFFB2FF08E63FFB30F9F2" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<subSubSection id="37F46560FFCAFFB2FF08E63FFC0BFE8E" box="[136,913,302,329]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7F5136EBFFCAFFB2FF08E63FFC0BFE8E" blockId="17.[136,1111,302,400]" box="[136,913,302,329]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<heading id="24198187FFCAFFB2FF08E63FFC0BFE8E" box="[136,913,302,329]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="B8EE4D68FFCAFFB2FF08E63FFC96FE8F" ID-CoL="3ST44" authority="(Fee) Vain. (1890: 98) MycoBank" baseAuthorityName="Fee" box="[136,780,302,329]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="subimmersa">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FF08E63FFE13FE8E" bold="true" box="[136,393,302,329]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Lecanora subimmersa</emphasis>
(Fée) Vain. (1890: 98) MycoBank
</taxonomicName>
no. 389345
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="37F46560FFCAFFB2FF08E646FB30F9F2" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7F5136EBFFCAFFB2FF08E646FBCDFEAB" blockId="17.[136,1111,302,400]" box="[136,1111,342,364]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FF08E646FF20FEAC" bold="true" box="[136,186,342,363]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Type</emphasis>
:— 
<materialsCitation id="CF863CB6FFCAFFB2FF59E646FBC9FEAB" box="[217,1107,342,364]" collectorName="Glaziou, A. F. M." country="Brazil" location="RIO DE JANEIRO" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro" typeStatus="isotype">
<collectingCountry id="07F9767BFFCAFFB2FF59E646FEB4FEAC" box="[217,302,342,363]" name="Brazil" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">BRASIL</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="BD2AF809FFCAFFB2FEBAE646FE5DFEAE" box="[314,455,342,363]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<smallCapsWord id="79B7A037FFCAFFB2FEBAE646FEC6FEAE" baselines="358,357" box="[314,348,342,363]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="9" normCase="title" normString="Rio" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">RIO</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="79B7A037FFCAFFB2FEE2E64CFEE2FEAD" baselines="358" box="[354,376,348,362]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="9" normCase="lower" normString="de" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">DE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="79B7A037FFCAFFB2FEFEE646FE5DFEAE" baselines="358,357" box="[382,455,342,363]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="9" normCase="title" normString="Janeiro" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">JANEIRO</smallCapsWord>
</collectingRegion>
: exact locality unknown, 1869, 
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FD7CE646FC50FEAC" box="[764,970,342,363]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<collectorName id="D21B533DFFCAFFB2FD7CE646FC0FFEAC" box="[764,917,342,363]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Glaziou, A.F.M.</collectorName>
3294
</emphasis>
(M– 
<typeStatus id="A0558849FFCAFFB2FC7AE646FBD6FEAB" box="[1018,1100,342,364]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F5136EBFFCAFFB2FF08E66AFF62FE48" blockId="17.[136,1111,302,400]" box="[136,248,378,400]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
(
<figureCitation id="E7D52A6EFFCAFFB2FF0FE66AFF6BFE48" box="[143,241,378,400]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[136,229,1829,1851]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,191,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[150,1434,190,1807]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. Species in the L. marginata-group. A–B. Lecanora legalloana (Bungartz, F. 9366, CDS 46653). A. Rimose-areolate thallus composed of interlocked, crenate areoles, with immersed, deep reddish brown apothecia. B. Apothecial section with deep brown epihymenium, exciple with few large and abundant minute crystals. C–D. Lecanora oreinoides (Bungartz, F. 6781, CDS 36200). C. Thallus areolate, apothecia immersed, black. D. Apothecial section: exciple barely differentiated from surrounding thallus, epihymenium aeruginose. E–F. Lecanora subimmersa (Bungartz, F. 6311, CDS 34523). E. Rimose-areolate thallus composed of interlocked, crenate areoles, with immersed, deep reddish brown apothecia. F. Apothecial section with deep brown epihymenium, exciple with few large and abundant minute crystals, barely differentiated from surrounding thallus. Scales: A, C &amp; E = 5 mm; B, D &amp; E = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13877129" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13877129/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 3E–F</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F5136EBFFCAFFB2FF08E6AEFABDFC87" blockId="17.[136,1452,446,1589]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FF08E6AEFF46FE1F" box="[136,220,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Thallus</emphasis>
saxicolous, thick, contiguous, rimose-areolate, fissures with distinctly crenate to strongly serrate, tightly interlocking edges; 
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FEE7E6F2FE23FE3B" box="[359,441,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">surface</emphasis>
white to creamish beige, smooth to ±roughened, epruinose, lacking 
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FB42E6F2FA8FFE3B" box="[1218,1301,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">soredia</emphasis>
; 
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FAA5E6F2FA0DFE3B" box="[1317,1431,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">prothallus</emphasis>
a thin compact, blackened line, most pronounced where different thalli meet. 
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FC6AE516FBC6FDE7" box="[1002,1116,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Apothecia</emphasis>
sparse to numerous, circular, 
<quantity id="B8169B0EFFCAFFB2FF08E53AFF67FD82" box="[136,253,554,581]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="0.55" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.1">0.1–1 mm</quantity>
in diam., cryptolecanorine, immersed, not emerging, with a plane to slightly depressed, epruinose 
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FAF7E53AFA3EFD83" box="[1399,1444,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">disc</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FF08E55FFF42FDAF" box="[136,216,591,616]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">margin</emphasis>
not or barely differentiated from the surrounding thallus; 
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FC08E55EFC61FDAF" box="[904,1019,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">hymenium</emphasis>
hyaline, not inspersed, 
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FA96E55EFA31FDAF" box="[1302,1451,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">epihymenium</emphasis>
lacking crystals, with a diffuse reddish brown pigment (
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FD76E562FCE8FD4B" box="[758,882,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">arnoldiana</emphasis>
-brown: K+ dull brown, HCl+ reddish brown, N−), pigment persistent in K (
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FE19E586FE63FD77" box="[409,505,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">glabrata</emphasis>
- 
<typeStatus id="A0558849FFCAFFB2FD81E586FDADFD77" box="[513,567,662,688]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">type</typeStatus>
); 
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FDCAE587FD73FD77" box="[586,745,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">proper exciple</emphasis>
thin, rarely moderately developed and then with diffuse reddish brown pigment (
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FEC2E5AAFE24FD13" box="[322,446,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">arnoldiana</emphasis>
-brown), with few crystals; 
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FD73E5AAFC04FD13" box="[755,926,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">thalline exciple</emphasis>
barely differentiated from surrounding thallus, with few large crystals that do not dissolve in K (± 
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FD36E5CEFC80FD3F" box="[694,794,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">pulicaris</emphasis>
- 
<typeStatus id="A0558849FFCAFFB2FCA2E5CEFCC2FD3F" box="[802,856,734,760]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">type</typeStatus>
); 
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FCEBE5CEFC60FD3F" box="[875,1018,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">hypothecium</emphasis>
hyaline to pale yellowish (intensifying in K); 
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FF56E413FECBFCDB" box="[214,337,771,796]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">ascospores</emphasis>
8/ascus, simple, narrowly to broadly ellipsoid, (6.9−)9.7− 13.4(−14.9) × (5.0−)4.3−6.1(−5.9) µm (
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FF11E437FF05FC87" box="[145,159,807,832]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">n</emphasis>
= 22). 
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FF71E436FECFFC87" box="[241,341,806,832]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Pycnidia</emphasis>
not seen [according to 
<bibRefCitation id="1B7F4B1AFFCAFFB2FDDAE437FCB3FC87" author="Ryan, B. D. &amp; Lumbsch, H. T. &amp; Messuti, M. I. &amp; Printzen, C. &amp; Sliwa, L. &amp; Nash III, T. H." box="[602,809,806,833]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref86249" refString="Ryan, B. D., Lumbsch, H. T., Messuti, M. I., Printzen, C., Sliwa, L. &amp; Nash III, T. H. (2004) Lecanora. In: Nash III, T. H., Ryan, B. D., Diederich, P., Gries, C. &amp; Bungartz, F. (Eds.) Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region. Volume 2. Lichens Unlimited, Tempe, pp. 176 - 286." type="book" year="2004">
Ryan 
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FD1BE437FD49FC87" box="[667,723,806,832]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">et al.</emphasis>
(2004)
</bibRefCitation>
: immersed, 
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FC30E436FB9EFC87" box="[944,1028,806,832]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">conidia</emphasis>
filiform 15−18 µm long].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F5136EBFFCAFFB2FF3DE45AFC4CFCA3" blockId="17.[136,1452,446,1589]" box="[189,982,842,869]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FF3DE45AFEAAFCA3" box="[189,304,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Chemistry</emphasis>
: Two chemotypes are known; see the two subspecies below.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F5136EBFFCAFFB2FF3DE47EFB14FBDE" blockId="17.[136,1452,446,1589]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FF3DE47EFE4FFC4F" box="[189,469,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ecology and distribution</emphasis>
: A pantropical species, reported by 
<bibRefCitation id="1B7F4B1AFFCAFFB2FCE8E47EFBB8FC4F" author="Guderley, R." box="[872,1058,878,904]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="131 - 257" refId="ref84335" refString="Guderley, R. (1999) Die Lecanora subfusca - Gruppe in Sud- und Mittelamerika. Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory 87: 131 - 257." type="journal article" year="1999">Guderley (1999)</bibRefCitation>
from Central America and tropical South America. 
<bibRefCitation id="1B7F4B1AFFCAFFB2FEB9E482FE6BFC6B" author="Guderley, R." box="[313,497,914,940]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="131 - 257" refId="ref84335" refString="Guderley, R. (1999) Die Lecanora subfusca - Gruppe in Sud- und Mittelamerika. Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory 87: 131 - 257." type="journal article" year="1999">Guderley (1999)</bibRefCitation>
previously reported only 
<taxonomicName id="B8EE4D68FFCAFFB2FC8AE483FBF3FC6B" box="[778,1129,914,941]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="subSpecies" species="subimmersa" subSpecies="subimmersa">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FC8AE483FC37FC6B" box="[778,941,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">L. subimmersa</emphasis>
ssp. 
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FC62E482FBF3FC6B" box="[994,1129,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">subimmersa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; here we also report the other chemotype (but see comments below); although generally widely distributed, this species is not common in 
<collectingRegion id="BD2AF809FFCAFFB2FAAEE4A6FA3DFC17" box="[1326,1447,950,976]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Galapagos</collectingRegion>
, where very few specimens have been collected in the dry and transition zone, growing with other, morphologically very similar species, 
<taxonomicName id="B8EE4D68FFCAFFB2FEF4E4EFFDDEFBDF" authorityName="Lumbsch" authorityYear="1999" box="[372,580,1022,1048]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="austrosorediosa">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FEF4E4EFFDDEFBDF" box="[372,580,1022,1048]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">L. austrosorediosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B8EE4D68FFCAFFB2FDD2E4EFFD72FBDF" authorityName="Elix &amp; Ovstedal" authorityYear="2007" box="[594,744,1022,1048]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="legalloana">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FDD2E4EFFD72FBDF" box="[594,744,1022,1048]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">L. legalloana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B8EE4D68FFCAFFB2FD76E4EFFCE3FBDF" box="[758,889,1022,1048]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="prosecha">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FD76E4EFFCE3FBDF" box="[758,889,1022,1048]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">L. prosecha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="B8EE4D68FFCAFFB2FC2FE4EEFB1DFBDF" box="[943,1159,1022,1048]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Teloschistaceae" genus="Caloplaca" kingdom="Fungi" order="Teloschistales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="diplacia">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FC2FE4EEFB1DFBDF" box="[943,1159,1022,1048]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Caloplaca diplacia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F5136EBFFCAFFB2FF3DE333FC48FAD3" blockId="17.[136,1452,446,1589]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FF3DE333FF67FBFB" box="[189,253,1059,1084]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Notes</emphasis>
: When well developed, 
<taxonomicName id="B8EE4D68FFCAFFB2FD9BE333FD58FBFB" box="[539,706,1058,1084]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="subimmersa">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FD9BE333FD58FBFB" box="[539,706,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">L. subimmersa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can readily be recognized by its areoles that appear interlocked by their strongly serrate margin and the deep brown, immersed apothecia. Superficially it is extremely similar to 
<taxonomicName id="B8EE4D68FFCAFFB2FF08E37BFE94FB43" box="[136,270,1130,1156]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="prosecha">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FF08E37BFE94FB43" box="[136,270,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">L. prosecha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="B8EE4D68FFCAFFB2FEC8E37BFE7AFB43" authorityName="Elix &amp; Ovstedal" authorityYear="2007" box="[328,480,1130,1156]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="legalloana">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FEC8E37BFE7AFB43" box="[328,480,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">L. legalloana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which, when well developed, occasionally also 
<taxonomicName id="B8EE4D68FFCAFFB2FB93E37AFB16FB43" box="[1043,1164,1130,1156]" form="thalli" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="form">form thalli</taxonomicName>
with serrate fissures and closely interlocking areoles, but 
<taxonomicName id="B8EE4D68FFCAFFB2FE7DE39FFD0FFB6F" authorityName="Elix &amp; Ovstedal" authorityYear="2007" box="[509,661,1166,1192]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="legalloana">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FE7DE39FFD0FFB6F" box="[509,661,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">L. legalloana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can reliably be distinguished by its deep orange, K+ strongly purple lower medulla, and the xanthones of 
<taxonomicName id="B8EE4D68FFCAFFB2FDA9E3A3FD37FB0B" box="[553,685,1202,1228]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="prosecha">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FDA9E3A3FD37FB0B" box="[553,685,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">L. prosecha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are different from those of 
<taxonomicName id="B8EE4D68FFCAFFB2FC64E3A3FAAFFB0B" authorityName="Lumbsch &amp; Elix" authorityYear="1994" box="[996,1333,1202,1229]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="subSpecies" species="subimmersa" subSpecies="ramboldii">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FC64E3A3FB13FB0B" box="[996,1161,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">L. subimmersa</emphasis>
ssp. 
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FB43E3A2FAAFFB0B" box="[1219,1333,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">ramboldii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FAB5E3A2FF74FB37" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
. 
<taxonomicName id="B8EE4D68FFCAFFB2FAC0E3A3FF74FB37" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="prosecha">Lecanora prosecha</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is also the only species that is known to occasionally produce soralia. All three taxa are obviously very closely related and could perhaps better be treated as different chemotypes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F5136EBFFCAFFB2FF3DE20FFC24FA63" blockId="17.[136,1452,446,1589]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Not one of the three taxa has an N+ reddish violet pigment present in the epihymenium, unlike 
<taxonomicName id="B8EE4D68FFCAFFB2FA8FE20FFA3EFAFF" authorityName="Hertel &amp; Rambold" authorityYear="1989" baseAuthorityName="Korb." box="[1295,1444,1310,1336]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="oreinoides">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FA8FE20FFA3EFAFF" box="[1295,1444,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">L. oreinoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is similar because of its immersed apothecia, but never forms serrate, interlocked areoles. In the 
<collectingRegion id="BD2AF809FFCAFFB2FA97E252FA17FA9B" box="[1303,1421,1346,1372]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Galapagos</collectingRegion>
<taxonomicName id="B8EE4D68FFCAFFB2FA15E253FE95FA47" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="subimmersa">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FA15E253FE95FA47" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">L. subimmersa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="B8EE4D68FFCAFFB2FEC5E277FE42FA47" authorityName="Hertel &amp; Rambold" authorityYear="1989" baseAuthorityName="Korb." box="[325,472,1382,1408]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="oreinoides">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FEC5E277FE42FA47" box="[325,472,1382,1408]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">L. oreinoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appear to be the least common species among these four similar taxa. All grow in close proximity, often in the same habitats and may often be collected together.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F5136EBFFCAFFB2FF3DE2BEFB30F9F2" blockId="17.[136,1452,446,1589]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<bibRefCitation id="1B7F4B1AFFCAFFB2FF3DE2BEFEE1FA0F" author="Guderley, R." box="[189,379,1454,1480]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="131 - 257" refId="ref84335" refString="Guderley, R. (1999) Die Lecanora subfusca - Gruppe in Sud- und Mittelamerika. Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory 87: 131 - 257." type="journal article" year="1999">Guderley (1999)</bibRefCitation>
included 
<taxonomicName id="B8EE4D68FFCAFFB2FE72E2BFFD00FA0F" box="[498,666,1454,1480]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="subimmersa">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FE72E2BFFD00FA0F" box="[498,666,1454,1480]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">L. subimmersa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the 
<taxonomicName id="B8EE4D68FFCAFFB2FD73E2BFFCEDFA0F" box="[755,887,1454,1480]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="subfusca">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FD73E2BFFCEDFA0F" box="[755,887,1454,1480]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">L. subfusca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group, probably because its disc is not strongly blackened and it generally lacks the aeruginose, N+ purple or reddish violet apothecial pigment present in the other species of the 
<taxonomicName id="B8EE4D68FFCAFFB2FEA4E2E7FE2EF9D7" box="[292,436,1527,1552]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="marginata">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FEA4E2E7FE2EF9D7" box="[292,436,1527,1552]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">L. marginata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group. However, the morphology and anatomy of this species suggests that it may be better placed together with 
<taxonomicName id="B8EE4D68FFCAFFB2FEF4E10BFE4FF9F3" authorityName="Hertel" authorityYear="1984" baseAuthorityName="Zahlbr." box="[372,469,1563,1588]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="avium">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FEF4E10BFE4FF9F3" box="[372,469,1563,1588]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">L. avium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B8EE4D68FFCAFFB2FE64E10BFDECF9F3" authorityName="Hertel &amp; Rambold" authorityYear="1989" baseAuthorityName="Korb." box="[484,630,1562,1588]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="oreinoides">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FE64E10BFDECF9F3" box="[484,630,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">L. oreinoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="B8EE4D68FFCAFFB2FD2DE10BFCD8F9F3" authorityName="Elix &amp; Ovstedal" authorityYear="2007" box="[685,834,1562,1588]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="legalloana">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FD2DE10BFCD8F9F3" box="[685,834,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">L. legalloana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, i.e., in the 
<taxonomicName id="B8EE4D68FFCAFFB2FC46E10BFBC2F9F3" box="[966,1112,1563,1588]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Lecanora" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="marginata">
<emphasis id="4D9AEAF9FFCAFFB2FC46E10BFBC2F9F3" box="[966,1112,1563,1588]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">L. marginata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>