treatments-xml/data/E8/CC/54/E8CC54F4A1AAD9A8F6B55B471EAC9B9A.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.24.4375" ID-PMC="PMC3689132" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-24-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="563EFFD7FFA3FFC47235FFE0B16B4658" ID-PubMed="23794938" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576237" ModsDocID="1314-2003-24-1" checkinTime="1451251869906" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lange, P. J. de, Heenan, P. B., Houliston, G. J., Rolfe, J. R. &amp; Mitchell, A. D." docDate="2013" docId="E8CC54F4A1AAD9A8F6B55B471EAC9B9A" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 24: 1-147" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 24" docPubDate="2013-06-17" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.24.4375" docTitle="Lepidium oblitum Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell 2013, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" id="563EFFD7FFA3FFC47235FFE0B16B4658" lastPageNumber="67" masterDocId="563EFFD7FFA3FFC47235FFE0B16B4658" masterDocTitle="New Lepidium (Brassicaceae) from New Zealand" masterLastPageNumber="147" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="59" updateTime="1738942654996" updateUser="guilherme">
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<mods:title id="1838A8B2F907F0CC36DD8E43B4262403">New Lepidium (Brassicaceae) from New Zealand</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F2F0F5C218B1C2BC598949147E36937F">Lange, P. J. de</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D2FDD52C61C78901D8D64C483C97326B">Science &amp; Capability Group, Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Conservation, Private Bag 68908 Newton, Auckland 1145, New Zealand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0D0BE9DA7C33827644672C7970ED6513">Heenan, P. B.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DEB708BC17237181D651FDF8A683A43B">Allan Herbarium, Landcare Research, P. O. 69, Lincoln 7640, Canterbury, New Zealand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2FB96CE38F463E2C38AC0D1FF5D491B1">Houliston, G. J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="98372A81889B889B27A13B2C69AF290E">Ecological Genetics Group, Landcare Research, P. O. 69, Lincoln 7640, Canterbury, New Zealand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4529AD6B2F24BB61982968DEF25C6BD9">Rolfe, J. R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="64C29BF760809B75664B9995E3D97621">Science &amp; Capability Group, Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Office, Department of Conservation, P. O. Box 10420, Wellington 6143, New Zealand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D6D98A989ECF117D8D71A30BA5FF3AD1">Mitchell, A. D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="85A8289D459DD7F7ADE467F023FC586A">Otago School of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, PO Box 4345, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="E8CC54F4A1AAD9A8F6B55B471EAC9B9A" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152024652" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E8CC54F4A1AAD9A8F6B55B471EAC9B9A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E8CC54F4A1AAD9A8F6B55B471EAC9B9A" lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<subSubSection id="58EBE69D0558EEAC60BD95DFDB840518" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="0A41A688E2DFCC47925BBCD8ABE356DC" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName id="8A3ABED7E8241A9DDB708D9FCBDED725" ID-CoL="8GMMY" LSID="E8CC54F4-A1AA-D9A8-F6B5-5B471EAC9B9A" authority="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell, 2013" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lepidium oblitum" order="Brassicales" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum" status="sp. nov.">Lepidium oblitum</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F5E6E663BFD54D5E5829AFD790C6E6CF" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="D6ED62432BE75B485AC016F442F2DCBF" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="latin">
<paragraph id="AE743AACA7C6BE5546460323F2E8206F" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="8349FC333E4BF27B691BD1DFE1DC60A2" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">A L. panniformo habitu effuso, foliis saepe nitentibus sparse leviter dentatis ab apicibus surculorum confertis et a serie rDNA ETS differt. A. L. oleraceo habitu effuso aestati-virenti, siliculis valde incisuris et a serie rDNA ETS differt</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A1459F40261AC3932D651DA9E5E7B5D6" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="holotype">
<paragraph id="53EE61E35A110DDF2AC86AB2A903FBBF" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<pageBreakToken id="F402932C19E056141B392FD9DE5078DC" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" start="start">Holotype</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A4FD67E9793CB747A70612FFC81B67A" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="E697ECBA2D033FE837DD5C674687B87E" bold="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
Chatham Islands (
<figureCitation id="AD77403C128083184B1EFAD92DF379CC" captionStart="Figure 57" captionStartId="F57" captionText="Figure 57. Holotype of Lepidium oblitum Houliston, Heenan et de Lange." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10795" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Fig. 57</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Chatham Is., Mangere Island, Mangere Island Nature Reserve, South of Hut Landing, 14 February 2006, P.J. de Lange CH876 &amp; P.B. Heenan, AK 300342! Isotypes: CHR 552303A-C!
</paragraph>
<caption id="5773557981B1E55422090EB94559584A" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10795" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" start="Figure 57" startId="F57">
<paragraph id="0C6A4803B62756F92B5B98026496AF3C" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="901C87BF12B3372631F50A6B96619216" bold="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Figure 57.</emphasis>
Holotype of 
<taxonomicName id="2AD65D3FC9F1F8AF1833360A45458D17" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="99AC6E73A79DB001D39D8D1A08E1764E" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Houliston, Heenan et de Lange.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="915290C50C7415C5DCD0A833C48E7E25" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="B8090CA00A619FFA97B86AF9320D3A72" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84CA8995B2DD355AF1B3C2C792CACD60" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
The epithet &quot; 
<emphasis id="8EC2E233522743ACCDD64A7AFA596137" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">oblitum</emphasis>
&quot; from the Latin meaning &quot;forgotten, disregarded or neglected&quot; refers to the circumstances in which this species was first discovered. At an early stage of this revision 
<taxonomicName id="097C0E16539B260EC4EB5FEBF861089C" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="631B2B72B8573DB29A4C89C226D8C82F" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
had been included within the range of 
<taxonomicName id="E56EDB0267073ED3497D1427DE1D2CD9" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panniforme">
<emphasis id="3E6004E812401BEDF6B3DDB85A2BFFD2" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Lepidium panniforme</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with some plants treated as possible hybrids between 
<taxonomicName id="626F754F1A81F223841E805CACD6A296" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panniforme">
<emphasis id="8A4524CAD881D01F0372716AFDA0191E" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Lepidium panniforme</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C4CB727B0EAF20A1114E559EA10F5EF" authorityName="G. Forst. ex Sparrm., Nova Acta Soc. Sc. Upsal. iii, 193" authorityYear="1780" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oleraceum">
<emphasis id="277BC12CCED8C5ECF7294235AFA0A01A" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Lepidium oleraceum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It was only following critical analysis of plants grown in New Zealand from samples collected from Mangere Island that the distinctive nature of this species was realized using DNA and morphological data.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="56ABAEF5A111872B8EBFCC4D32E6520D" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Description</paragraph>
<paragraph id="61D810ED6C4895477B2D35E42B8BC457" lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="7474D4FF65FFBDD5DBCE15F88EC2BE53" bold="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
(
<figureCitation id="F3239D79CAC8B715FBAC93E0D58AA917" captionStart="Figure 58" captionStartId="F58" captionText="Figure 58. Wild plant of Lepidium oblitum showing growth habit of plant associated with Myosotidium hortensium, Disphyma papillatum and Festuca coxii in petrel colony on Mangere Island (image: G. A. S. Taylor)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10796" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Figs 58</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13B6253B316134627E2C7D5422743E1A" captionStart="Figure 62" captionStartId="F62" captionText="Figure 62. Mature silicle of the holotype of Lepidium oblitum (AK 300342). Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10800" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">-62</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
. Tap-rooted, strongly pungent, sprawling, laxly though much-branched, leafy perennial shrub, forming patches up to 1.0 
<normalizedToken id="AF93B2EEACCEC12F492334AD476D88B9" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.9 m. Tap-root up to 700 mm long, 
<normalizedToken id="B30506D157D859BA7BE742185EBEDA3B" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
napiform, branched 1-2 or more times. Rootstock 6-14 mm diam., woody, exposed portion 
<normalizedToken id="6CE95F533C2686EDDB8E20BD0864C970" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
smooth, often covered in dried leaf remnants and withered branch stubs. Plants usually dying down to rootstock and/or previous seasons stem nodes, towards end of growing season. Stems mostly seasonal, a few 
<normalizedToken id="5547D2565DEEF1943BFC3BDD3BAA4E34" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
persistent (i.e. lasting 2 or more years), arising from rootstock base and basal portion of main central stem, widely and unevenly spaced or closely packed, woody, lax and sprawling, sometimes arching and subascendent, weakly angled to 
<normalizedToken id="06945C2F0EECBA0593530FD83C4785BF" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
terete, glabrous; mature stems 2.1-4.6 mm diam., 0.3-0.8 m long; green to yellow-green, brittle, bases bearing numerous leaf abscission scars, otherwise devoid of leaves for at least the first ⅔ with the final ⅓ distinctly leafy and often much branched when vegetative, with the leaves tending to fall at flowering and fruiting; upper stems similar, though distinctly leafy and pliant. Leaves coriaceous, fleshy, green to dark green, often glossy. Rosette leaves 5-14(-20), mostly present in autumn - early spring usually not persisting (very rarely so) at fruiting; petioles distinct, up to 40 
<normalizedToken id="BFC4B2748D5B45773B8967A749E987AE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2 mm, flat or slightly concave in cross-section, succulent; lamina oblanceolate, cuneiform, obovate-oblong to spathulate up to 60 
<normalizedToken id="FC764407E1E552DF93F8FB80FF6EB74C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
22 mm, margins finely to deeply incised in upper 
<normalizedToken id="E2F1F110908F282BCBA89E07F3E95599" originalValue="¼">1/4</normalizedToken>
-⅓, teeth in 3-6(-8) pairs running to praemorse apex, basal few teeth pair usually asymmetric, base narrowly attenuate. Middle stem leaves mostly persisting at fruiting; petiole up to 32 mm long, mostly flat in cross-section, sometimes slightly concave, usually winged; lamina narrowly oblanceolate, oblanceolate, spathulate, oblong, obdeltoid, 15.0-32.0(-56.2) 
<normalizedToken id="CBE3D4F16ED529EC256DA8C491E06DD8" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
12-16.8(-18.6) mm; margins finely to deeply incised in distal 
<normalizedToken id="F417F396378698D6572D03BF8351F384" originalValue="¼">1/4</normalizedToken>
-⅓, teeth in 3-6(-8) pairs running to the usually praemorse apex, basal few teeth pairs usually asymmetric, lamina base narrowly attenuate, extending as a wing (0.8-1.2 mm wide) usually to petiole base. Upper stem leaves petiolate, petiole 12 mm long, flat or slightly concave, usually broadly winged; lamina narrowly oblanceolate, narrowly lanceolate, narrowly spathulate, to linear-cuneiform, 10.2-20.0(-29.0) 
<normalizedToken id="7C88BA88431B81A3BDDCF769837C0DF9" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2.4-3.5(-4.8) mm; margins entire or deeply dentate, if dentate then usually asymmetrically tridentate (rarely with 1-4 teeth), lamina base narrowly attenuate, extending as a wing (0.3-1.7 mm wide) almost to petiole base. Racemes (30-)50(-76) mm long, usually congested, elongating up to 100 mm at fruiting, terminal and axillary; rachis and pedicels glabrous (pedicels very rarely bearing a few minute, caducous, glandular hairs near base); pedicels, erecto- 
<pageBreakToken id="801AA9C62145C707BFAF5BB2ACB4FD45" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" start="start">patent</pageBreakToken>
to patent, 0.4-0.8(-1.0) mm long, elongating to 0.8-1.2(-2.0) mm long at fruiting. Flower buds dark green to green, apex glabrous. Flowers sweetly fragrant, 1.6-1.8(-2.0) mm diam. Sepals 4, saccate, pale to dark green with a broad white, 
<normalizedToken id="399D0DA9218E253EFFFAF349E1791B45" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
undulose margin, pale to dark green with a broad white, 
<normalizedToken id="76580699B0EE404A60BC970B810AE8DB" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
undulose margin, deeply concave, adaxially weakly keeled or not; lateral sepals 0.9 
<normalizedToken id="BCD8A507B23CA25E761096D7B14FFE26" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.6 mm, broadly ovate to oblong, 
<normalizedToken id="E9786D87CC4376982C2D8735C32D9A27" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
overlapping at base, apex rounded to obtuse, adaxial surface glabrous (sometimes diffusely papillate), abaxial surface usually glabrous, sometimes hairy near base, hairs patent, weakly flexuous, 0.1-0.3 mm long, eglandular, shedding at anthesis; median sepals 1.0 
<normalizedToken id="4A595BA762807854016D37BDE39D32B3" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.9 mm, broadly ovate to oblong, apex rounded to obtuse, adaxial surface glabrous, abaxial surface glabrous. Petals overtopping sepals, white, 0.9-1.15(-1.3) 
<normalizedToken id="51379B5CA44D102E2D9007696039D8EF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.5-0.6(-0.8) mm, patent, clawed; limb broadly obovate, apex weakly retuse. Stamens 2-4, equal. Anthers c. 0.10 mm long. Pollen bright yellow. Nectaries 2, subulate, 0.3-0.42 mm long. Silicles cartilaginous when fresh, coriaceous when dry, orbicular, orbicular-ovate to 
<normalizedToken id="69C63505BED8FE9EF7AC885526AEE413" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
rhomboid, (2.8-)3.0(-3.3) 
<normalizedToken id="DB0336922AAACAD7D66DDC1F01F0A8B4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(2.4-)2.6(-3.0), margin winged, notably more so toward apex, apex notched, base obtuse, valves green maturing yellow-green, glabrous, dried surface 
<normalizedToken id="3630EBA3A3B3A5AC16656D5AD25DCFF7" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
coarsely reticulate; style 0.1-0.2(-0.3) mm long, free from the narrow wing, usually exceeding the notch; stigma 0.18-0.22 mm diam, capitate. Seeds 2, ovoid to ellipsoid, orange-brown to dark red-brown, not winged, 1.8-1.9 
<normalizedToken id="BA6665907933D1AEAA920DB2C0211784" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.9-0.93 mm. FL Nov-Mar. FR Jan-Jun.
</paragraph>
<caption id="B468B59D10B0EFCA673878BFD0236E99" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10796" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" start="Figure 58" startId="F58">
<paragraph id="67189256511587F0EBB952B224BBA008" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="25C786E958E49C6BADC37445352509F5" bold="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Figure 58.</emphasis>
Wild plant of 
<taxonomicName id="6AF269ED61563CEB9849C929765B8E6C" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="36F902B3791903AB08D06CB74FE95239" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
showing growth habit of plant associated with 
<taxonomicName id="9DBB5B5DECAED1678DF7C3D90CCC58B4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Myosotidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Boraginales" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hortensium">
<emphasis id="4C95BA98157C1C05FC05C9AD416BDFE1" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Myosotidium hortensium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="8ABB9E09430C26BF89F2B11BE2BD3C7A" authorityName="Chinnock" authorityYear="1971" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Disphyma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="papillatum">
<emphasis id="8F769F51DE28247C8530AE2AE0A2C21A" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Disphyma papillatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="180163A156B18611E860D85CD2C3B603" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Poaceae" genus="Festuca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Graminales" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="coxii">
<emphasis id="04EF5BA822DBEF0C3B7FA833BF3C688D" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Festuca coxii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in petrel colony on Mangere Island (image: G.A.S. Taylor).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="3C98EFF68164986D26B6B28A9996A7FE" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10797" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" start="Figure 59" startId="F59">
<paragraph id="1A09C8328D6EADEF4241A44142A3C95E" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="502FBA037E37F056AE73CD32F1EC7EA7" bold="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Figure 59.</emphasis>
(From left to right) rosette and basal- to mid-stem leaves of 
<taxonomicName id="A2D8301F73027EF6B1998224549F6CFF" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="2491486AAC03D3D594CDBC55305463DF" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. (AK 300342). Scale bar = 20 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="EF35F49B69B5B56962D5C7506370601A" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10798" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" start="Figure 60" startId="F60">
<paragraph id="AA8FE497B12F6E96AFB6A8EC701BC9D3" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="8FDC152A0C2115EF1F56FA2F20168D4D" bold="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Figure 60.</emphasis>
Cultivated plant of 
<taxonomicName id="1BFA15EF24A3E5148FC6434ECEE1EB1B" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="E6E606696F9835623F44D6D0CBD54A7A" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
showing rosette leaves.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="0CBF0016C92B597FDF729AE418545E1A" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10799" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" start="Figure 61" startId="F61">
<paragraph id="56B460EDCE3A10B6BA9DB65E877F1533" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="CA47F62D8705C7397917F70488BA2CC6" bold="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Figure 61.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="FFF411A7A81E41975B00018238BD1F78" bold="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">A</emphasis>
Upper stem leaves and inflorescence of 
<taxonomicName id="BF73FF30D92EE2A90000C1AB0E6A7F8E" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="D5EAF0CB0E6AB56E0B9003C37CB03812" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="8F4E92A177BED10E46FFA42AE493A64F" bold="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">B</emphasis>
flowers showing arrangement of sepals, petals, androecia and gynoecia 
<emphasis id="18D0449FC7E8D33AFF540E49EAAB6448" bold="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">C</emphasis>
close-up of flower.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2981AA55105D46A9F8646499D3297A2A" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10800" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" start="Figure 62" startId="F62">
<paragraph id="FE4F452282ACD05F901A97E806A2012C" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="8EC4B05D3B5C1961B4567045781D2FF0" bold="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Figure 62.</emphasis>
Mature silicle of the holotype of 
<taxonomicName id="CC49EDC71E2C15CF29190CA1411718C1" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="488A73701EF5C724A618767D14ABE4E0" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(AK 300342). Scale bar = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F6B2EA40A45E9AF4F68FA253483A7C64" lastPageId="61" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="representative specimens.">
<paragraph id="F1172BA7F01DC8F4CA365ED4DB2B4CED" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Representative Specimens.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7E373FFC2EA8521BC6A03D372BA7E3C1" lastPageId="61" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="10DB5642BCDAC45370B25C958C1CAD56" bold="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Chatham Islands:</emphasis>
Rabbit Island, 14 February 2006, P.J. de Lange CH878 &amp; P.B. Heenan, (AK 300344). Mangere Island, Mangere Island 
<pageBreakToken id="2B05F49B7880394ABA1934B6EE7F065B" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" start="start">Nature</pageBreakToken>
Reserve, Above Hut, 14 February 2006, P.J. de Lange CH874 &amp; P.B. Heenan, (AK 300340; CHR 552373); Mangere Island, Mangere Island Nature Reserve, 'Top 
<normalizedToken id="B302EBD9676B9909007F86492127F624" originalValue="Plateau’">Plateau'</normalizedToken>
, 22 February 2011, B. Gibb s.n., (AK 331585).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E88E9BB9AB67D826FAC642C2DD4C33EB" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="44793BF53F92AF22E9CACCFED452C8D8" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9C5ADF959A711CAB9E258FAC31284F32" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="319C1505B30798D6604D807D4D74FA96" bold="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
(
<figureCitation id="EC787310B548314E9D90594CB7687CEF" captionStart="Figure 63" captionStartId="F63" captionText="Figure 63. Distribution of Lepidium oblitum, Lepidium oligodontum, Lepidium panniforme and Lepidium rekohuense." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10801" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
).
</emphasis>
Endemic. New Zealand, Chatham Is., Mangere and Rabbit Islands.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="70EF086ACB3673139E9545F1E70BD4B5" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="recognition.">
<paragraph id="AA1DA7087276CE9DBA9DE474413F10D4" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Recognition.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4CB0C31B1B68BC47A140C1F2B39593BB" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicName id="74AB024CEECDB5361FAE28ED0CC0F8C5" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="75610CB2ACFC0816FCD2A1EEB6665452" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is recognised by its sprawling growth habit (
<figureCitation id="0D3179F2C939DACBA6FEF6912C136C6F" captionStart="Figure 58" captionStartId="F58" captionText="Figure 58. Wild plant of Lepidium oblitum showing growth habit of plant associated with Myosotidium hortensium, Disphyma papillatum and Festuca coxii in petrel colony on Mangere Island (image: G. A. S. Taylor)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10796" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
); by the branches often widely spaced, trailing and mostly devoid of foliage except for the ends which are typically densely terminated by foliage (
<figureCitation id="E6868588C18DB4E7FDDDD692CFB9BF4D" captionStart="Figure 57" captionStartId="F57" captionText="Figure 57. Holotype of Lepidium oblitum Houliston, Heenan et de Lange." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10795" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 57</figureCitation>
); and by the prominently notched silicles (
<figureCitation id="BA422679166BE5D273D2734BDECCB2BF" captionStart="Figure 62" captionStartId="F62" captionText="Figure 62. Mature silicle of the holotype of Lepidium oblitum (AK 300342). Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10800" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 62</figureCitation>
). Of those species with which it grows (
<taxonomicName id="9E087684DDDA699172C1622090266E64" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oligodontum">
<emphasis id="CD9EFBFE67038CE02A06DFB974CE548B" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Lepidium oligodontum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="EEB3485FD0AAEADB1E2ACD1909621A2C" authorityName="G. Forst. ex Sparrm., Nova Acta Soc. Sc. Upsal. iii, 193" authorityYear="1780" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oleraceum">
<emphasis id="435B22076E17BABA5EFE23B9A37D5D61" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Lepidium oleraceum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="692ED992C54916DF83BC6428C3F0A4BC" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panniforme">
<emphasis id="190F83D994BF64078461A23223E5D7DE" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Lepidium panniforme</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="822098C6F584C4EC9822E707F8D557D3" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rekohuense">
<emphasis id="145A9A735BA15991A5791A4E4E9DE55A" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Lepidium rekohuense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), it can be easily distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="1EF9795E2E46330E0EF8F7FF97F953A2" authorityName="G. Forst. ex Sparrm., Nova Acta Soc. Sc. Upsal. iii, 193" authorityYear="1780" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oleraceum">
<emphasis id="470C37BB0ADF9EE2B7ED38725BE98A1D" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Lepidium oleraceum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its sprawling growth habit, flowers with 2-4 stamens, and distinctly notched silicles (
<figureCitation id="6B9076CFB900332BAB33D768335BEFA5" captionStart="Figure 58" captionStartId="F58" captionText="Figure 58. Wild plant of Lepidium oblitum showing growth habit of plant associated with Myosotidium hortensium, Disphyma papillatum and Festuca coxii in petrel colony on Mangere Island (image: G. A. S. Taylor)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10796" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Figs 58</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="DFF79DC1A1F3DA774FFC7CADE855CB2F" captionStart="Figure 61" captionStartId="F61" captionText="Figure 61. A Upper stem leaves and inflorescence of Lepidium oblitum B flowers showing arrangement of sepals, petals, androecia and gynoecia C close-up of flower." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10799" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">, 61</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="6EDAA58D24FF187D79CB19FA9CD3F670" captionStart="Figure 62" captionStartId="F62" captionText="Figure 62. Mature silicle of the holotype of Lepidium oblitum (AK 300342). Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10800" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">, 62</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="443C6D604E6A78C26286F1B5D2036EDC" lastPageId="62" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
From 
<taxonomicName id="30DD6B6227AA2B04E8475670133BB1F1" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oligodontum">
<emphasis id="90D8DC4F7484D64C353461FFF3E32470" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Lepidium oligodontum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="A3FB63137820B7BB804A9581E127D846" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="C46838D32737F45845AC69E1BE973CFC" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easily distinguished by 
<normalizedToken id="E11AA853ED6E535533441FA349E36C70" originalValue="it’s">it's</normalizedToken>
more upright, though somewhat, untidy, sprawling growth habit (
<figureCitation id="37D1F164D03F2AD656B60590C8A60F67" captionStart="Figure 58" captionStartId="F58" captionText="Figure 58. Wild plant of Lepidium oblitum showing growth habit of plant associated with Myosotidium hortensium, Disphyma papillatum and Festuca coxii in petrel colony on Mangere Island (image: G. A. S. Taylor)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10796" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
), and longer lived, persistently leafy branches. The foliage of 
<taxonomicName id="2EC2B52C66E144FFA95B4FF5A4004920" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="9CDEBEFF279164862B358F70B5A9F8FE" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="82161FBED9AEF4B789D42C274AFA634E" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 59. (From left to right) rosette and basal- to mid-stem leaves of Lepidium oblitum. (AK 300342). Scale bar = 20 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10797" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Figs 59</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="96D00EC33F44F2E5C53949CAAFC3586B" captionStart="Figure 60" captionStartId="F60" captionText="Figure 60. Cultivated plant of Lepidium oblitum showing rosette leaves." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10798" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">, 60</figureCitation>
) has leaf margins that are consistently toothed (never sparingly-toothed or entire), while the flower 
<pageBreakToken id="8E9F877F154AADB90EE71870062F1268" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" start="start">ing</pageBreakToken>
racemes are distinctly longer ((30-)50(-76) mm cf. (5.0)-9.7(-28.9) mm in 
<taxonomicName id="0F05AF3CE5347E487D2F146351AB1D69" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oligodontum">
<emphasis id="FF82BDE8FC5807A5C1502EEF0697ACAD" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lepidium oligodontum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)) and on fruiting they may elongate up to 100 m (rather than 60 mm). In 
<taxonomicName id="77925AA5A3B3A57B4AC5F7C3A8685068" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="DED23D750BE5E0E79D950735F566E14C" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the flowers have 2-4 rather than 2-4-6 stamens (
<figureCitation id="4B43EA877DB9F4BA66473795DB82A023" captionStart="Figure 61" captionStartId="F61" captionText="Figure 61. A Upper stem leaves and inflorescence of Lepidium oblitum B flowers showing arrangement of sepals, petals, androecia and gynoecia C close-up of flower." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10799" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. 61B, 61C</figureCitation>
), while the silicles are never fleshy or turgid, rather they are distinctly cartilaginous and prominently (rather than weakly) notched (
<figureCitation id="9C80BFC7E1AD76ACC2B1D156532C5B91" captionStart="Figure 62" captionStartId="F62" captionText="Figure 62. Mature silicle of the holotype of Lepidium oblitum (AK 300342). Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10800" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. 62</figureCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="952757589A671725FDCAC630189F4557" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="946C81D846FCC2B81A0B18E295284888" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also has consistently shorter styles ((0.1-0.2(-0.3) mm long) than 
<taxonomicName id="1339AAC424F452AE0BD195EC614B0CBD" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oligodontum">
<emphasis id="6311E84B42AAA58B8BCBD8EAD168A7EA" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lepidium oligodontum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
((0.2-0.8(1.2) mm long)).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="49BD73B2802B41BBB9582B0FF47550FF" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="EEDD28BEB1178ED84FCF8D5267525E89" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="36FCF4EB9440E3E6E5DAE8E29072A8AA" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="3964A333C719B7F356C626D275ECAEAE" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panniforme">
<emphasis id="298AAA8B76C4CD7702F5CD4992DBD15D" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lepidium panniforme</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grow together on Mangere Island (
<figureCitation id="06143F6C26DAA11BA8150851E47140EB" captionStart="Figure 63" captionStartId="F63" captionText="Figure 63. Distribution of Lepidium oblitum, Lepidium oligodontum, Lepidium panniforme and Lepidium rekohuense." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10801" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
). As they have similar silicles and flowers with 2-4 stamens but very different foliage, 
<taxonomicName id="DB28BD321CB9D1704C4820308DD457D4" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="28EF9D3D12F7506E3B3984C11C8EE3E4" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was initially thought to be hybrid between 
<taxonomicName id="CD0100EBF3136BACAA254426DAC352B0" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panniforme">
<emphasis id="426F4B0875BC9A20B33EBAC865C1B86E" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lepidium panniforme</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A1D3B4540F56D61757887770CA747DEC" authorityName="G. Forst. ex Sparrm., Nova Acta Soc. Sc. Upsal. iii, 193" authorityYear="1780" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oleraceum">
<emphasis id="BA56FF82750CD9C6337BABE4398D7173" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lepidium oleraceum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. At that time it was not realised how widespread 
<taxonomicName id="411F57C51E917065FC91A42F7AC6149B" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="C54ACF5B4394F6D5EF5D80B6BF1E7EA6" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is, nor that it comprised stable, true-breeding populations (G. Houliston unpubl. data). It was only following DNA-based investigations undertaken for this paper that the putative hybrid status was rejected and its status as a species recognised. Nevertheless, 
<taxonomicName id="EF0CF1E0D80232DB82DE7B4C0F61B75B" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="B85B272D0EA5E3959D1E9048B1CC937F" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is still closely allied to 
<taxonomicName id="4CC139EBB640A94FD6134641D5B2A850" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panniforme">
<emphasis id="E1B889E521F08A957681403E4A88C70D" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lepidium panniforme</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and both also share a relationship to the extinct 
<taxonomicName id="66C451E0980EE6F60EA60FE6A6CD3932" authorityName="Kirk, Trans. et Proc. New Zealand Inst. 24, 423" authorityYear="1892" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="obtusatum">
<emphasis id="42F4EC51B2643E722F5BA1889EAF8759" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lepidium obtusatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a relationship evident by all three species sharing prominently notched silicles. 
<taxonomicName id="5A61653179D4500A1FE5C925C839186F" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="95C162F46133E8EEDADDCE7E953E6D5E" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has widely spreading, lax (rather than erect to suberect), sprawling stems and rosette leaves that distinguish it from 
<taxonomicName id="5B0EC142B8B45644624C4EA9CC966A5F" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panniforme">
<emphasis id="443716FAC7FA7666F8A64F74D36A3E96" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lepidium panniforme</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="3DA0B7759F0E3A8E228F0AC2419DA916" captionStart="Figure 82" captionStartId="F82" captionText="Figure 82. Wild plant of Lepidium panniforme on Mangere Island showing growth habit (image: B. Gibb)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10820" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Figs 82</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="20D83C94904E852893167481352EDB90" captionStart="Figure 83" captionStartId="F83" captionText="Figure 83. Vegetative stems and inflorescences of Lepidium panniforme." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10821" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">, 83</figureCitation>
). The leaves of 
<taxonomicName id="08D201A6C41C7B2422177CB2D5681921" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="D0C6DBBA4EEC4B8B1447853E09DA8748" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are shallowly toothed but they are never as deeply serrated or lacerate as those of 
<taxonomicName id="708B1287A57CAC87E6D99DC4391F5C3A" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panniforme">
<emphasis id="F4C00C02FDCC106005AB782B307FB82C" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lepidium panniforme</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="A94A65326A587FA890E501A02870D939" captionStart="Figure 81" captionStartId="F81" captionText="Figure 81. Holotype of Lepidium panniforme de Lange et Heenan." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10819" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Figs 81</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="15811A23E75B0D4A95FD7E3C8EE0F588" captionStart="Figure 83" captionStartId="F83" captionText="Figure 83. Vegetative stems and inflorescences of Lepidium panniforme." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10821" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">, 83</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="57A10CE5248BCBAA9D51F45903A36EC9" captionStart="Figure 84" captionStartId="F84" captionText="Figure 84. (From left to right) basal- and mid-stem leaves of Lepidium panniforme. Scale bar = 20 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10822" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">, 84</figureCitation>
). DNA data suggests that gene flow between 
<taxonomicName id="5CDCEA9BF5AF78C3081F0C09210F4823" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="81A0603AF07DFEAA8FDCCA0FD70105E1" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="26D35B2988831B1F03C10B1579062C08" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panniforme">
<emphasis id="CDC1F5149D761D9DE175470758AED0E9" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lepidium panniforme</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has occurred at some sites on Mangere Island (G. Houliston unpubl. data).
</paragraph>
<caption id="8C7FD352A28038C5671906C8E8EB1AEC" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10801" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" start="Figure 63" startId="F63">
<paragraph id="432D69E5A33ECF1490950D1D9DC956DC" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="A525AAE30367A7138C4AC7C576B7225D" bold="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Figure 63.</emphasis>
Distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="2B6ED015430207A1DA972530C7117762" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="4AE7A69F7F480CFE656966FB1F4FB3AA" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="76DDF9D1551A9486DC6BD8821C365036" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oligodontum">
<emphasis id="CF8C67611F342A0B680D5E31097287E0" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lepidium oligodontum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="08F28DF169E158E1C0E2D3FA4EBFD584" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panniforme">
<emphasis id="B95C94EC9A0A362D02F6DF24E32A6CD2" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lepidium panniforme</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="07686ABD1372BB9280BFA00FAFDE3E80" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rekohuense">
<emphasis id="B9278D07C6D341073CE554CC4A2815EA" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lepidium rekohuense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="BA97F58EC9D86E4FA46EA1D2F5AB85C1" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName id="7EAF134759C3F2D5EAC22C7EF38B22CD" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="54D3E48771499F73FB36F485839D4622" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<pageBreakToken id="4743A2F7534B4C6C0CF4F86CC8FFA272" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" start="start">Lepidium</pageBreakToken>
oblitum
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also grows with 
<taxonomicName id="85E3B3168583FE5ABA67CE1F91062AEC" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rekohuense">
<emphasis id="10CFC2EDCCE2A0E1FD37FC168BB37C8E" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Lepidium rekohuense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on Rabbit Island. From that species it is easily separated by its smaller growth habit; by the glabrous rather than sparsely papillate-hairy upper branch stems, and glabrous rather than finely hairy inflorescences (the pedicels of 
<taxonomicName id="D6A16301B57936C0C655503065A29AF2" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="BF34096D3F8E80DAD6972CB02AF70E61" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may, very rarely, bear a few caducous glandular hairs). Fur 
<pageBreakToken id="8006705C64BA335281323E7DF6508CDE" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" start="start">thermore</pageBreakToken>
, the flowers of 
<taxonomicName id="EBE4A39AD1A1195702B6057EE7838ACB" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="E4DEBC57A2332E5E4DAB2447817E1D58" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have 2-4 rather than 2 stamens, while the silicles of 
<taxonomicName id="36F5052CD59980202AC83EB9941F82A4" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rekohuense">
<emphasis id="4A19B25C87D10387419988F8D9B20E05" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Lepidium rekohuense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are also mostly orbicular (rarely obovate) and slightly larger (up to 4.1 
<normalizedToken id="619B33F3A096D841ED1333B181583753" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4.0 mm cf. 3.3 
<normalizedToken id="AD3C3F003400EC5198BFE29E832F72A4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3.0 mm).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="61A258C8F7DA8260D8EE838F3A5C9E9D" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="ecology.">
<paragraph id="D17F2C4E2F0E4D0B7D640FDBFFE991B8" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B057B8558F21A3E251B752CAF71A4B51" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName id="E95915F53A5820BA9C254B8DF0674CAD" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="990084B12E9CE6EFB1FFF64D1BAC71D5" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is one of three 
<taxonomicName id="D8D1C1CAFA3CB4F6C7B68485EEE57392" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2CB82F3195059C6806BEAC1D1647E93" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Lepidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species recorded from Mangere and Rabbit islands. On these islands, it is frequently found growing in association with petrel burrows, and on exposed, often wind eroded cliff faces, associated soil blowouts and ephemeral drainages and seepages. On Mangere Island, it is perhaps most common among the boulders and rocks forming the northern summit of the Top Plateau. In these habitats, 
<taxonomicName id="BDB0C2C35870F1914BA0F5C4957B1C2E" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="E92A234BDB0BF1A4B488BE32BED9D325" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
commonly grows with 
<taxonomicName id="DB79F3F8FDF4B8C48381F1496B662517" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Aspleniaceae" genus="Asplenium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Polypodiales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Polypodiopsida" rank="species" species="obtusatum">
<emphasis id="E404A7655A0CCA08C1ABF556FF94CDC6" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Asplenium obtusatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4D0968B81C47C238F958198ABF271775" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Poaceae" genus="Festuca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Graminales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="coxii">
<emphasis id="5604C875FC990E7F4ED5A786A73D85BF" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Festuca coxii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Petrie) Hack., 
<taxonomicName id="616C2C439A22C40355B73ADF6355ED3C" authorityName="Chinnock" authorityYear="1971" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Disphyma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="papillatum">
<emphasis id="174CD27D31D2E99874AB261ACD5D00F0" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Disphyma papillatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Chinnock, 
<taxonomicName id="0BABB24734E71D820F46ACF686542280" authorityName="Allan &amp; Jansen" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Cheeseman" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Poaceae" genus="Puccinellia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Graminales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="chathamica">
<emphasis id="E6A15DC90EA45F35A62B71364B843602" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Puccinellia chathamica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Cheeseman) Allan et Jansen and 
<taxonomicName id="2EA68D0107A420FC327E212625F2FEDF" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Senecio" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="radiolatus">
<emphasis id="0A239B9C4FE18F217D30BF0E8ECE281D" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Senecio radiolatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
F.Muell. subsp. 
<emphasis id="C8866B10527C1D0AE3B09AA21DD5A939" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">radiolatus</emphasis>
. On Mangere Island, it is also associated with 
<taxonomicName id="E3D1AB32D2E8BAC652C85EE1B3FD9004" authorityName="T. Kirk" authorityYear="1899" baseAuthorityName="F. Müll." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Aciphylla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Apiales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dieffenbachii">
<emphasis id="CDF23E1C28C45923DAB302C9DFE443F1" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Aciphylla dieffenbachii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(F.Muell.) Kirk, 
<taxonomicName id="7E9F7F46849E11ED2081134E13306E56" authorityName="Cockayne &amp; Allan" authorityYear="1927" class="Aves" family="Primobucconidae" genus="Hebe" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coraciiformes" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chathamica">
<emphasis id="6CB537424F6067613557CE7B202AADE1" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Hebe chathamica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Buchanan) Cockayne et Allan, 
<taxonomicName id="14E17A4BD2C589C51562EF15ECF01540" authorityName="Cockayne &amp; Allan" authorityYear="1927" class="Aves" family="Primobucconidae" genus="Hebe" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coraciiformes" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dieffenbachii">
<emphasis id="23895F60B1375803288A0557EE55F305" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Hebe dieffenbachii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Benth.) Cockayne et Allan (and hybrids between these two 
<taxonomicName id="712DE6A85AFDA68DC2C1078A83D673A9" class="Aves" family="Primobucconidae" genus="Hebe" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coraciiformes" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3668B19D8A47892AF5EAA123DAB42F9B" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Hebe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), 
<taxonomicName id="C78A9F18F34EFF0952DCEF2FE6779C87" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Myosotidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Boraginales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hortensium">
<emphasis id="3393CB07FF09819E72A92E73CC62EA90" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Myosotidium hortensium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Decne.) Baill., and, on occasion, 
<taxonomicName id="5EBD2DBF4C400578CBAF4A19E4A3019F" authorityName="G. Forst. ex Sparrm., Nova Acta Soc. Sc. Upsal. iii, 193" authorityYear="1780" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oleraceum">
<emphasis id="E4847BF74A57546CADE1F1B9B138205D" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Lepidium oleraceum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="7127267A800D20C8FD979CDC20152FE8" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panniforme">
<emphasis id="99E1B21C67EE6E5B1E35BC5550A600F9" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Lepidium panniforme</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. On Rabbit Island it is associated with 
<taxonomicName id="2E16F1642003D33296B3DADED9779A77" authorityName="Moq" authorityYear="1840" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Chenopodiaceae" genus="Atriplex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Centrospermae" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="australasica">
<emphasis id="9B74504FAC9BEA36AFB15690C26C4DE1" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Atriplex australasica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Moq., 
<taxonomicName id="04A87A899102EB1C140A79215ADE4103" class="Monocots" family="Poaceae" genus="Critesion" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="murinum">
<emphasis id="C525C906FD08C8E64AECA38B4A3D852F" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Critesion murinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) 
<normalizedToken id="0D18DAFAAB74BE46B37A92266248E31E" originalValue="Á.Löve">A.Loeve</normalizedToken>
subsp. 
<emphasis id="99FC90899430AA68AE72E426993C46CA" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">murinum</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="5623BBD58A6FE48CB373BDDAB667A0A8" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Malvaceae" genus="Malva" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malvales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="arborea">
<emphasis id="A12B7BD1C81FFB5389740A8520943F00" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Malva arborea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L., 
<taxonomicName id="C8EC61358E43149156AEEA860EE42F1F" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oligodontum">
<emphasis id="46025621B86B979C794FAA7C215A9045" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Lepidium oligodontum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="FFE18F8C7FA988921EADB6306F2B3E56" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rekohuense">
<emphasis id="6910AEA802E3129934E8BB2FD7009851" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Lepidium rekohuense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BEA4456BB97EB9FA7EBBBC18E868391C" lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="conservation status">
<paragraph id="0BCFF15ADF191DC5B836AFB9E61C59BF" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Conservation Status.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1AEAB9FB465FCE0C67673E1795EB8682" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName id="D2E53366C832B1969E6F39EF491F633A" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="68DD706A41357092E20C3189D2F6F6A8" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is so far known only from the Chatham Islands group where it has been collected from Mangere and Rabbit Islands (
<figureCitation id="D2A06F40380A7B7800EFA72A9F3126E3" captionStart="Figure 63" captionStartId="F63" captionText="Figure 63. Distribution of Lepidium oblitum, Lepidium oligodontum, Lepidium panniforme and Lepidium rekohuense." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10801" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
). On Mangere Island (a Nature Reserve, with strict permit controlled access) it is known from several populations, the largest of which occurs along the northern western cliff faces of 'Top 
<normalizedToken id="089292F4949DBE145263C51862FDCB4F" originalValue="Plateau’">Plateau'</normalizedToken>
. That population may number in the tens of plants; the only other ones known occur in steep runnels draining the western cliffs south of the main Landing area. When visited by PdL and PBH in 2006, there were fewer than 10 adults in total. Subsequent visits to Mangere Island by Department of Conservation rangers suggest that there has been little change in the population sizes on that island. However, hard data is unavailable and so it would inappropriate to infer from these observations that 
<taxonomicName id="8D3B6D34630701D1F4E0B4DBE53E807D" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="85E1205974A00F0FAFBC4E41E90B946A" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
populations on Mangere Island are stable. On nearby privately owned Rabbit Island, two plants of 
<taxonomicName id="6C7A2A3E9689635A08A9A615052BA790" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="78798474D1FBF020E6E5A9F8D3B018C8" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were seen in 2006 and the island has not been visited by Department of Conservation staff since.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EA1287D7D8F40482D137A8249E04D054" lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<pageBreakToken id="21F99F804C10B59F14ACC80168272721" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" start="start">Therefore</pageBreakToken>
, based on available information 
<taxonomicName id="9B4A617CCC20402F2DEF94EDF3F08617" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="0DE33DDF4F91952C97876251FB47C1A2" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from two sites, totalling 4 populations, which collectively are unlikely to exceed 100 mature individuals. Further, the total area of occupancy is considerably less than 1 ha. On the basis of that data, using 
<bibRefCitation id="9081D81AEE2CE0D5A8C1BE4E6CC489BB" author="Townsend, AJ" journalOrPublisher="Bioinformatics" pageId="116" pageNumber="117" refId="B86" refString="Townsend, AJ, de Lange, PJ, Norton, DA, Molloy, J, Miskelly, C, Duffy, C, 2008. The New Zealand Threat Classification System manual. Department of Conservation: Wellington. http://www.doc.govt.nz/publications/conservation/nz-threat-classification-system/nz-threat-classification-system-manual-2008/." title="The New Zealand Threat Classification System manual. Department of Conservation: Wellington. http: // www. doc. govt. nz / publications / conservation / nz-threat-classification-system / nz-threat-classification-system-manual- 2008 /" year="2008">Townsend et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<taxonomicName id="D2E7BA691FAFDECD6E40BC689AEFC392" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="792140FFC2B8B8AB7A77D5A36F21C547" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
qualifies as 
<pageBreakToken id="E8843FC42F79DBA803D91DC8D765B38D" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" start="start">&quot;</pageBreakToken>
Nationally Critical&quot; (using either criterion A(1) or A(3)) because there are fewer than 250 mature individuals known and the total area of occupancy is ≤ 1 ha. We favour criterion A(3) because a precise survey of the numbers of plants of 
<taxonomicName id="66FC2DC5E2683F61A11D481FEA8CC503" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblitum">
<emphasis id="440C25606DDEA52602EB0B1678EC7408" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Lepidium oblitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has yet to be carried out, and available data (beyond that obtained by PdL and PBH) is unreliable because of understandable past confusion with 
<taxonomicName id="3AD08448F65B7D4250DCD7C9638C5A44" authorityName="G. Forst. ex Sparrm., Nova Acta Soc. Sc. Upsal. iii, 193" authorityYear="1780" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oleraceum">
<emphasis id="81F86BD1EAD6EF33260E25249375C78A" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Lepidium oleraceum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s.s. and 
<taxonomicName id="A8405397FA050F429CA46376AC5AA4C5" authorityName="Lange &amp; Heenan &amp; Houliston &amp; Rolfe &amp; Mitchell" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="panniforme">
<emphasis id="2B5DE88E28A6815BE3037F412C2AAE43" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Lepidium panniforme</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8AB2296090106741A6928A12024423DD" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
This conservation assessment should also be qualified 
<normalizedToken id="6B541E7BA9F81286B3A038E9CBE18263" originalValue="‘CD’">'CD'</normalizedToken>
(Conservation Dependent) because Mangere Island is subject to ecological restoration, and ongoing surveillance to ensure it remains predator-free. Should rodents establish on the island, they will affect that 
<normalizedToken id="443AFB000A26446CE21C586B8A55B2A8" originalValue="island’s">island's</normalizedToken>
<taxonomicName id="83D90433276B493ABB238DACE9A32FD7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2CC35870B8AC7E19DEA26F8A05AE9546" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Lepidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, both directly through browse and indirectly through predation of the sea birds that maintain this species habitat. Other necessary qualifiers include 
<normalizedToken id="EC07C59AA4CBEF108428F13ECE71E6A6" originalValue="‘DP’">'DP'</normalizedToken>
(Data Poor) because of the lack of precise information on population size and trend data, 
<normalizedToken id="3C318E1FC33D8678BE6B89CE4C5470D0" originalValue="‘IE’">'IE'</normalizedToken>
(Island Endemic), and 
<normalizedToken id="59B80B504683D52DA4769D92E7CD99AF" originalValue="‘RR’">'RR'</normalizedToken>
(Range Restricted) because of its precise habitat requirements and geographically narrow-range.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>