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<document id="F638EB97AF31C3569BA595C48D628643" ID-CLB-Dataset="6353" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4974.2.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="541dcb09-af62-4598-9b4c-bde7fee86a1f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4775728" ID-ZooBank="1BCA80C0-C39F-43C0-9E90-BA594DB38CC3" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1621512761761" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Wang, Chung-Hong, He, Jun-Hua &amp; Chen, Xue-Xin" docDate="2021" docId="B65F87E1FF98FF980DE81937FA16CE90" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4974.2.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4974 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Bethylus Latreille 1802" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="363" masterDocId="4A66FF99FF99FF9A0D7F1A7BFF8ACF65" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of Bethylus (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) from China with description of nine new species" masterLastPageNumber="382" masterPageNumber="361" pageNumber="362" updateTime="1698940165766" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="C7A60ACA53FB20F91EB7516EE038AAD4">Taxonomy of Bethylus (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) from China with description of nine new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CC3AA3DE4D6BA33A1C759579590D70B1">Wang, Chung-Hong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EB0555B6761A6D9FE5F5D08880DDD83E">Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China joycek 0324 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0132 - 3218</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8BEC7B29CDD4BB930EC94D280B457EE5" type="email">xxchen@zju.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="9CF3274BF5A297B12B0DE581889B3247">He, Jun-Hua</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A64E36D381C2ED72EC61E81CD06A2C3E">Chen, Xue-Xin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="07661D26525B546BCED9C3E4CFA0D858">State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China &amp; Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China joycek 0324 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0132 - 3218 &amp; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China Corresponding author. xxchen @ zju. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9109 - 8853</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8F7049E7F855E96468BFD4396BF60E75" type="email">xxchen@zju.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<treatment id="B65F87E1FF98FF980DE81937FA16CE90" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4891429" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182482964" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4891429" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B65F87E1FF98FF980DE81937FA16CE90" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B65F87E1FF98FF980DE81937FA16CE90" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="363" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<subSubSection id="76EC657CFF98FF9B0DE81937FE37CC03" box="[151,445,844,871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF98FF9B0DE81937FE37CC03" blockId="1.[151,445,844,871]" box="[151,445,844,871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<heading id="6501819BFF98FF9B0DE81937FE37CC03" bold="true" box="[151,445,844,871]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF98FF9B0DE81937FE37CC03" authority="Latreille, 1802" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[151,445,844,871]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Bethylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B0DE81937FE37CC03" bold="true" box="[151,445,844,871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B0DE81937FE8BCC02" bold="true" box="[151,257,844,871]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Bethylus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5A674B06FF98FF9B0C771937FE37CC03" author="Latreille, P. A." box="[264,445,844,870]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" refId="ref12540" refString="Latreille, P. A. (1802) Histoire naturelle, genera et particuliere des Crustaces et des insects. Vol. 3. Dufort, Paris, 348 pp." type="book" year="1802">Latreille, 1802</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF98FF9B0DE819EFFC22CCC9" blockId="1.[151,1436,915,1148]" box="[151,936,915,940]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="1EE611D9FF98FF9B0DE819EFFC22CCC9" box="[151,936,915,940]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<treatmentCitation id="BF5710E6FF98FF9B0DE819EFFE4ACCCE" author="Latreille, P. A." box="[151,448,915,940]" page="315" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" year="1802">
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF98FF9B0DE819EFFE4ACCCE" authority="Latreille, 1802: 315" authorityName="Latreille" authorityPageNumber="315" authorityYear="1802" box="[151,448,915,940]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Bethylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B0DE819EFFF64CCC9" box="[151,238,916,940]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Bethylus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5A674B06FF98FF9B0D8A19EFFE4ACCCE" author="Latreille, P. A." box="[245,448,915,940]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" refId="ref12540" refString="Latreille, P. A. (1802) Histoire naturelle, genera et particuliere des Crustaces et des insects. Vol. 3. Dufort, Paris, 348 pp." type="book" year="1802">Latreille, 1802: 315</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="E14D8855FF98FF9B0CB619EFFE71CCC9" box="[457,507,916,940]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF98FF9B0F2619EFFC2ECCC9" authority="Jurine, 1807" authorityName="Jurine" authorityYear="1807" box="[601,932,916,940]" class="Insecta" family="Hymenoptera" genus="Omalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscicornis">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B0F2619EFFC97CCC9" box="[601,797,916,940]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Omalus fuscicornis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5A674B06FF98FF9B0E5C19EFFC2ECCC9" author="Jurine, L." box="[803,932,916,940]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" refId="ref12334" refString="Jurine, L. (1807) Nouvelle methode de classer les hymenopteres et les dipteres. J. J. Paschaud, Geneva, 319 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 60886" type="book" year="1807">Jurine, 1807</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF98FF9B0DE819CCFAC0CCAB" blockId="1.[151,1436,915,1148]" box="[151,1354,950,975]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="1EE611D9FF98FF9B0DE819CCFAC0CCAB" box="[151,1354,950,975]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<treatmentCitation id="BF5710E6FF98FF9B0DE819CCFE34CCAB" author="Thomson, C. G." box="[151,446,950,974]" page="452" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" year="1862">
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF98FF9B0DE819CCFE34CCAB" authority="Thomson, 1862: 452" authorityName="Thomson" authorityPageNumber="452" authorityYear="1862" box="[151,446,950,974]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Anoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B0DE819CCFF68CCAB" box="[151,226,951,974]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Anoxus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5A674B06FF98FF9B0D9719CDFE34CCAB" author="Thomson, C. G." box="[232,446,950,974]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" pagination="451 - 453" refId="ref12760" refString="Thomson, C. G. (1862 [1861]) Sveriges Proctotruper (Fortsattning). Svenska Vetenskapsakademien. Stockholm. Ofversigt at K. Akademiens. Forhandlingar, 18, 451 - 453." type="journal article" year="1862">Thomson, 1862: 452</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="E14D8855FF98FF9B0CB819CCFE73CCAA" box="[455,505,951,975]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF98FF9B0F2919CCFC06CCAB" authority="Thomson, 1862" authorityName="Thomson" authorityYear="1862" box="[598,908,950,974]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Anoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boops">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B0F2919CCFD6ECCAB" box="[598,740,950,974]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Anoxus boops</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5A674B06FF98FF9B0F9519CDFC06CCAB" author="Thomson, C. G." box="[746,908,950,974]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" pagination="451 - 453" refId="ref12760" refString="Thomson, C. G. (1862 [1861]) Sveriges Proctotruper (Fortsattning). Svenska Vetenskapsakademien. Stockholm. Ofversigt at K. Akademiens. Forhandlingar, 18, 451 - 453." type="journal article" year="1862">Thomson, 1862</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Synonymy by
<bibRefCitation id="5A674B06FF98FF9B095619CDFACDCCAB" author="Polaszek, A. &amp; Krombein, K. V." box="[1065,1351,950,974]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" pagination="91 - 105" refId="ref12671" refString="Polaszek, A. &amp; Krombein, K. V. (1994) The genera of Bethylinae (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 3, 91 - 105." type="journal article" year="1994">Polaszek &amp; Krombein 1994</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF98FF9B0DE819A2FBA5CC94" blockId="1.[151,1436,915,1148]" box="[151,1071,985,1009]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B0DE819A2FF6ACC95" box="[151,224,985,1008]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Anoxys</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5A674B06FF98FF9B0D9819A2FE17CC94" author="Dalla Torre, C. G. D." box="[231,413,985,1009]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" refId="ref11990" refString="Dalla Torre, C. G. D. (1898) Catalogus Hymenopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonymicus. Chalcididae et Proctotrupidae. Vol. 5. Suptibus Gulleimi Engelmann, Lipsiae, 598 pp." type="book" year="1898">Dalla Torre, 1898</bibRefCitation>
. Unjustified emendation to
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF98FF9B0FCA19A2FC8ACC95" authorityName="Thomson" authorityYear="1862" box="[693,768,985,1008]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Anoxus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B0FCA19A2FC8ACC95" box="[693,768,985,1008]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Anoxus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="5A674B06FF98FF9B0E5A19A2FC56CC94" author="Dalla Torre, C. G. D." box="[805,988,985,1009]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" refId="ref11990" refString="Dalla Torre, C. G. D. (1898) Catalogus Hymenopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonymicus. Chalcididae et Proctotrupidae. Vol. 5. Suptibus Gulleimi Engelmann, Lipsiae, 598 pp." type="book" year="1898">Dalla Torre (1898</bibRefCitation>
, 5: 550)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="76EC657CFF98FF9B0DE81987FE23CB53" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF98FF9B0DE81987FE23CB53" blockId="1.[151,1436,915,1148]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="1EE611D9FF98FF9B0DE81987FE23CB53" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<treatmentCitation id="BF5710E6FF98FF9B0DE81987FE54CB76" author="Forster, A." box="[151,478,1019,1043]" page="96" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" year="1856">
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF98FF9B0DE81987FE54CB76" authority="Forster, 1856: 95 - 96" authorityName="Forster" authorityPageNumber="95 - 96" authorityYear="1856" box="[151,478,1019,1043]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Perisemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B0DE81987FE8BCB76" box="[151,257,1020,1043]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Perisemus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5A674B06FF98FF9B0C761987FE54CB76" author="Forster, A." box="[265,478,1019,1043]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" refId="ref12175" refString="Forster, A. (1856) Hymenopterologische Studien II: Chalcidiae und Proctotrupii. Vol. 2. Ernst ter Meer, Aachen, 152 pp." type="book" year="1856">Förster, 1856: 95-96</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="E14D8855FF98FF9B0C961987FD91CB71" box="[489,539,1020,1044]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF98FF9B0F031987FC6FCB76" authority="Forster, 1856" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1856" box="[636,997,1019,1044]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Bethylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triareolatus">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B0F031987FCD8CB71" box="[636,850,1020,1044]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Bethylus triareolatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5A674B06FF98FF9B0E251987FC6FCB76" author="Forster, A." box="[858,997,1019,1043]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" refId="ref12175" refString="Forster, A. (1856) Hymenopterologische Studien II: Chalcidiae und Proctotrupii. Vol. 2. Ernst ter Meer, Aachen, 152 pp." type="book" year="1856">Förster, 1856</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Synonymy by Kieffer 1905 (in
<bibRefCitation id="5A674B06FF98FF9B08471987FED6CB53" author="Kieffer, J. J. &amp; Marshall, T. A." pageId="1" pageNumber="362" pagination="1 - 55" refId="ref12376" refString="Kieffer, J. J. &amp; Marshall, T. A. (1904 - 1906) Proctotrypides. In: Andre, E. (Ed.), Species des Hymenopteres d'Europe &amp; d'Algerie. Tome IX. Librairie Scientifique A. Herman, Paris, pp. 1 - 55, 21 pls." type="journal article" year="1904">Kieffer &amp; Marshall 1904</bibRefCitation>
–1906).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="76EC657CFF98FF9B0DE81E39FAF1CB3C" box="[151,1403,1089,1113]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF98FF9B0DE81E39FAF1CB3C" blockId="1.[151,1436,915,1148]" box="[151,1403,1089,1113]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF98FF9B0DE81E39FE6ACB3C" authority="Thompson, 1862: 452" authorityName="Thompson" authorityPageNumber="452" authorityYear="1862" box="[151,480,1089,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Episemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B0DE81E39FF72CB3C" box="[151,248,1090,1113]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Episemus</emphasis>
Thompson, 1862: 452
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="E14D8855FF98FF9B0C961E3AFD91CB3C" box="[489,539,1089,1113]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B0F061E39FCCFCB3C" box="[633,837,1089,1113]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Epysemus variabilis</emphasis>
Thompson, 1862 [1861]. Synonymy by
<bibRefCitation id="5A674B06FF98FF9B099E1E3AFAF2CB3C" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1249,1400,1089,1113]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" pagination="185 - 344" refId="ref12706" refString="Richards, O. W. (1939). The British Bethylidae (S. L.) (Hymenoptera). Ecological Entomology, 89 (8), 185 - 344. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1939. tb 00740. x" type="journal article" year="1939">Richards 1939</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="76EC657CFF98FF9B0DE81E1FFB55CB1E" box="[151,1247,1123,1148]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF98FF9B0DE81E1FFB55CB1E" blockId="1.[151,1436,915,1148]" box="[151,1247,1123,1148]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF98FF9B0DE81E1FFE11CB1E" authority="Kieffer, 1905" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1905" box="[151,411,1123,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Digoniozus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B0DE81E1FFE80CB1E" box="[151,266,1124,1147]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Digoniozus</emphasis>
Kieffer, 1905
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="E14D8855FF98FF9B0CDB1E1FFE5CCB19" box="[420,470,1124,1148]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF98FF9B0F4C1E1FFC4ECB19" authority="Ashmead, 1893" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1893" box="[563,964,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Perisemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oregonensis">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B0F4C1E1FFC96CB1E" box="[563,796,1124,1147]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Perisemus oregonensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5A674B06FF98FF9B0E5D1E1FFC4ECB19" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[802,964,1124,1148]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" pagination="1 - 472" refId="ref11631" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1893) A monograph of the North American Proctotrypidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 45, 1 - 472. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.45.1" type="journal article" year="1893">Ashmead, 1893</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Synonymy by
<bibRefCitation id="5A674B06FF98FF9B091E1E1FFB51CB1E" author="Evans, H. E." box="[1121,1243,1123,1147]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref12085" refString="Evans, H. E. (1962) The genus Bethylus in North America (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae). Breviora, 150, 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="1962">Evans 1962</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="76EC657CFF98FF9B0DE81EDCFCF4CA29" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF98FF9B0DE81EDCFCF4CA29" blockId="1.[151,1437,1191,1494]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B0DE81EDCFE98CBA4" bold="true" box="[151,274,1191,1217]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Clypeus short, usually not strongly angulated medially; antenna with 10 flagellomeres; notauli absent; parapsidal signum usually present; lateral marginal carina of metapectal-propodeal disc present; metapostnotal median carina and metapostnotal lateral carina absent; prestigma of forewing absent; Rs+M
<subScript id="A27234B2FF98FF9B09F31E84FB1ECA68" attach="both" box="[1164,1172,1279,1293]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">2</subScript>
v usually short as stub; second radial 1 cell of forewing (2R1
<subScript id="A27234B2FF98FF9B0F481F59FDB5CA55" attach="right" box="[567,575,1314,1328]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">2</subScript>
c) open apically; posterior margin of hypopygium bilobate; paramere of male genitalia distinctly divided into two parts, ventral and dorsal arms.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="76EC657CFF98FF9B0DB81F2FFAB6CAD1" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF98FF9B0DB81F2FFAB6CAD1" blockId="1.[151,1437,1191,1494]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B0DB81F2FFEADCA0B" bold="true" box="[199,295,1364,1390]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Biology.</emphasis>
Most of the host records known of
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF98FF9B0FAF1F2FFC01CA0B" box="[720,907,1364,1390]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Bethylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B0FAF1F2FFCBACA0B" box="[720,816,1364,1390]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Bethylus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
are lepidopterous larvae, e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF98FF9B098D1F2FFA12CA0B" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1926" box="[1266,1432,1364,1390]" class="Insecta" family="Agonoxenidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Agonoxenidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF98FF9B0DE81F0CFE9ECAF4" box="[151,276,1399,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tortricidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF98FF9B0C601F0CFE2FCAF4" box="[287,421,1399,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Zygaenidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF98FF9B0CD11F0CFDFACAF4" authorityName="Heinemann &amp; Wocke" authorityYear="1876" box="[430,624,1399,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cosmopterigidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF98FF9B0F041F0CFCA9CAF4" box="[635,803,1399,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Coleophoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Coleophoridae</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF98FF9B0E241F0CFC6BCAF4" authorityName="Stainton" authorityYear="1854" box="[859,993,1399,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gelechiidae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5A674B06FF98FF9B0E901F0CFBFCCAF4" author="Evans, H. E." box="[1007,1142,1399,1425]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" pagination="1 - 222" refId="ref12114" refString="Evans, H. E. (1964) A synopsis of the American Bethylidae (Hymenoptera, Aculeata). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 132 (1), 1 - 222." type="journal article" year="1964">Evans 1964</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="5A674B06FF98FF9B09FE1F0CFAACCAF4" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1153,1318,1399,1425]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" pagination="185 - 344" refId="ref12706" refString="Richards, O. W. (1939). The British Bethylidae (S. L.) (Hymenoptera). Ecological Entomology, 89 (8), 185 - 344. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1939. tb 00740. x" type="journal article" year="1939">Richards 1939</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="5A674B06FF98FF9B08461F0CFF68CAD1" author="Richards, O. W." pageId="1" pageNumber="362" pagination="185 - 344" refId="ref12706" refString="Richards, O. W. (1939). The British Bethylidae (S. L.) (Hymenoptera). Ecological Entomology, 89 (8), 185 - 344. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1939. tb 00740. x" type="journal article" year="1939">Richards (1939)</bibRefCitation>
reported that
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF98FF9B0C011FE1FD5ECAD1" authority="Fouts, 1928" authorityName="Fouts" authorityYear="1928" box="[382,724,1434,1460]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Bethylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amoenus">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B0C011FE1FDC0CAD1" box="[382,586,1434,1460]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Bethylus amoenus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5A674B06FF98FF9B0F2F1FE1FD5ECAD1" author="Fouts, R. M." box="[592,724,1434,1460]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" pagination="121 - 132" refId="ref12203" refString="Fouts, R. M. (1928) Notes on the Bethylinae with descriptions of one new Cuban and twelve new North American species (Hym.). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 30, 121 - 132." type="journal article" year="1928">Fouts, 1928</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
attacks the larvae of both
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF98FF9B0E831FE1FB09CAD1" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1020,1155,1434,1460]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF98FF9B09C51FE1FAB3CAD1" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1210,1337,1434,1460]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="76EC657CFF98FF9B0DE81FC7FC96CAB3" box="[151,796,1468,1494]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF98FF9B0DE81FC7FC96CAB3" blockId="1.[151,1437,1191,1494]" box="[151,796,1468,1494]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B0DE81FC7FEBBCAB3" bold="true" box="[151,305,1468,1494]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Distribution.</emphasis>
Palaearctic, Nearctic and Oriental Regions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSection id="57792F1CFF98FF980DE81C5EFA16CE90" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="363" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" type="key">
<subSubSection id="76EC657CFF98FF980DE81C5EFA16CE90" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="363" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" type="key">
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF98FF9B0DE81C5EFDDBC95B" blockId="1.[151,593,1572,1599]" box="[151,593,1572,1599]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<heading id="6501819BFF98FF9B0DE81C5EFDDBC95B" bold="true" box="[151,593,1572,1599]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" reason="1">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B0DE81C5EFDDBC95B" bold="true" box="[151,593,1572,1599]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
Key to the Chinese
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF98FF9B0CF51C5FFDDBC95B" box="[394,593,1572,1599]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Bethylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-1">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B0CF51C5FFE7EC95A" bold="true" box="[394,500,1572,1599]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Bethylus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<key id="4A6761C6FF98FF980DE81C15FA16CE90" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="363" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<keyStep id="85022E52FF98FF9B0DE81C15FA16C9C3" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF98FF9B0DE81C15FA16C9E6" blockId="1.[151,1437,1645,2014]" box="[151,1436,1645,1667]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<keyLead id="850795C2FF98FF9B0DE81C15FA16C9E6" box="[151,1436,1645,1667]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">1. Median clypeal lobe with apex rounded................................................................... 2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF98FF9B0DE81CEBFA16C9C3" blockId="1.[151,1437,1645,2014]" box="[151,1436,1680,1702]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<keyLead id="850795C2FF98FF9B0DE81CEBFA16C9C3" box="[151,1436,1680,1702]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">- Median clypeal lobe with apex truncate................................................................... 7</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="85022E52FF98FF9B0DE81CC8FA16C98E" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF98FF9B0DE81CC8FA16C9AD" blockId="1.[151,1437,1645,2014]" box="[151,1436,1715,1737]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<keyLead id="850795C2FF98FF9B0DE81CC8FA16C9AD" box="[151,1436,1715,1737]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
2. Frontal angle of ocellar triangle obtuse (
<figureCitation id="A6CD2A72FF98FF9B0F1B1CC8FD23C9AC" box="[612,681,1715,1737]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1966,1990]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,417,1943]" captionTargetId="figure-145@6.[151,1436,417,1943]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bethylus gansensis sp. nov. holotype, ♀. a. Habitus lateral; b. Head, frontal view; c. Mandible; d.Antenna; e. Head, lateral view; f. Mesosoma, dorsal view; g. Mesosoma, lateral view; h. Forewing. Scale bars: 0.15 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4775740" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4775740/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Fig. 3b</figureCitation>
)............................................
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF98FF9B09AD1CC8FAC3C9AD" authority="Wang &amp; He &amp; Chen, 2021" authorityName="Wang &amp; He &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2021" box="[1234,1353,1715,1736]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Bethylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gansensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B09AD1CC8FAC3C9AD" box="[1234,1353,1715,1736]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">B. gansensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B082F1CC8FA16C9AD" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1715,1736]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="17B1579EFF98FF9B082F1CC8FA16C9AD" box="[1360,1436,1715,1736]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF98FF9B0DE81CADFA16C98E" blockId="1.[151,1437,1645,2014]" box="[151,1436,1749,1771]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<keyLead id="850795C2FF98FF9B0DE81CADFA16C98E" box="[151,1436,1749,1771]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
- Frontal angle of ocellar triangle acute (
<figureCitation id="A6CD2A72FF98FF9B0F271CAEFD16C98E" box="[600,668,1749,1771]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[151,1436,181,1908]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bethylus convexus sp. nov. holotype, ♀. a. Habitus lateral; b. Head, frontal view; c. Mandible; d. Antenna; e. Head, lateral view; f. Mesosoma, dorsal view; g. Mesosoma, lateral view; h. Forewing. Scale bars: 0.15 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4775730" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4775730/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Fig. 1b</figureCitation>
)............................................................. 3
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="85022E52FF98FF9B0DE81C83FA16C854" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF98FF9B0DE81C83FA16C868" blockId="1.[151,1437,1645,2014]" box="[151,1436,1784,1806]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<keyLead id="850795C2FF98FF9B0DE81C83FA16C868" box="[151,1436,1784,1806]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">3. LH at least 1.24 × width; POL at least 3.80 × DAO.......................................................... 4</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF98FF9B0DE81D60FA16C854" blockId="1.[151,1437,1645,2014]" box="[151,1436,1819,1841]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<keyLead id="850795C2FF98FF9B0DE81D60FA16C854" box="[151,1436,1819,1841]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">- LH less than 1.20 × width; POL less than 3.20 × DAO....................................................... 5</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="85022E52FF98FF9B0DE81D46FA16C8DE" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF98FF9B0DE81D46FA16C810" blockId="1.[151,1437,1645,2014]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<keyLead id="850795C2FF98FF9B0DE81D46FA16C810" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
4. Eye distinctly protuberant (
<figureCitation id="A6CD2A72FF98FF9B0C971D46FDA5C836" box="[488,559,1853,1875]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[151,1436,181,1908]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bethylus convexus sp. nov. holotype, ♀. a. Habitus lateral; b. Head, frontal view; c. Mandible; d. Antenna; e. Head, lateral view; f. Mesosoma, dorsal view; g. Mesosoma, lateral view; h. Forewing. Scale bars: 0.15 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4775730" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4775730/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Fig. 1b</figureCitation>
); median clypeal lobe long; median clypeal carina rounded in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="A6CD2A72FF98FF9B087B1D46FACDC836" box="[1284,1351,1853,1875]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[151,1436,181,1908]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bethylus convexus sp. nov. holotype, ♀. a. Habitus lateral; b. Head, frontal view; c. Mandible; d. Antenna; e. Head, lateral view; f. Mesosoma, dorsal view; g. Mesosoma, lateral view; h. Forewing. Scale bars: 0.15 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4775730" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4775730/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Fig. 1e</figureCitation>
)........................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF98FF9B09A81D1AFAC0C813" authority="Wang &amp; He &amp; Chen, 2021" authorityName="Wang &amp; He &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2021" box="[1239,1354,1889,1910]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Bethylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convexus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B09A81D1AFAC0C813" box="[1239,1354,1889,1910]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">B. convexus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B082F1D1BFA16C810" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1888,1909]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="17B1579EFF98FF9B082F1D1BFA16C810" box="[1360,1436,1888,1909]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF98FF9B0DE81DF8FA16C8DE" blockId="1.[151,1437,1645,2014]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<keyLead id="850795C2FF98FF9B0DE81DF8FA16C8DE" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
- Eye not distinctly protuberant (
<figureCitation id="A6CD2A72FF98FF9B0F691DF8FDE6C8FC" box="[534,620,1923,1945]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1668,1692]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,535,1645]" captionTargetId="figure-92@18.[151,1436,484,1645]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 10. Bethylus sinensis Xu, He &amp; Terayama, 2002. holotype, ♀. a. Habitus lateral; b. Head, frontal view; c. Mandible; d. Antenna; e. Head, lateral view; f. Mesosoma, dorsal view; g. Mesosoma, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.15 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4775759" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4775759/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Fig. 10b</figureCitation>
); median clypeal lobe short; median clypeal carina almost arched in right angle in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="A6CD2A72FF98FF9B0C1F1DDEFE3AC8D9" box="[352,432,1957,1980]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1668,1692]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,535,1645]" captionTargetId="figure-92@18.[151,1436,484,1645]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 10. Bethylus sinensis Xu, He &amp; Terayama, 2002. holotype, ♀. a. Habitus lateral; b. Head, frontal view; c. Mandible; d. Antenna; e. Head, lateral view; f. Mesosoma, dorsal view; g. Mesosoma, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.15 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4775759" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4775759/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Fig. 10e</figureCitation>
)...................................................
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF98FF9B094D1DDDFA16C8DE" authority="Xu, He &amp; Terayama, 2002" authorityName="Xu, He &amp; Terayama. A" authorityYear="2002" box="[1074,1436,1958,1979]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Bethylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF98FF9B094D1DDDFB12C8DE" box="[1074,1176,1958,1979]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">B. sinensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5A674B06FF98FF9B09E11DDDFA16C8DE" author="Xu, Z. &amp; He, J. &amp; Terayama, M." box="[1182,1436,1958,1979]" pageId="1" pageNumber="362" pagination="112 - 114" refId="ref12882" refString="Xu, Z., He, J. &amp; Terayama, M. (2002) The genus Bethylus Latreille, 1802 from China with description of a new species. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 45, 112 - 114." type="journal article" year="2002">Xu, He &amp; Terayama, 2002</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="85022E52FF98FF980DE81DB3FA16CFB5" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="363" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF98FF980DE81DB3FA16CFC8" blockId="1.[151,1437,1645,2014]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,151,501]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="363" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
<keyLead id="850795C2FF98FF980DE81DB3FA16CFC8" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="363" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">
5. Distance of posterior ocellus to vertex crest more than 2.80 × DAO; median clypeal lobe slightly protuberant (
<figureCitation id="A6CD2A72FF98FF9B087A1DB3FAC1C8BB" box="[1285,1355,1992,2014]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1981,2005]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,274,1957]" captionTargetId="figure-51@8.[198,1390,271,1957]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Bethylus glabricarinatus sp. nov. holotype, ♀. a. Habitus lateral; b. Head, frontal view; c. Mandible; d. Antenna; e. Head, lateral view; f. Mesosoma, dorsal view; g. Mesosoma, lateral view; h. Forewing. Scale bars: 0.15 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4775743" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4775743/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="362">Fig. 4b</figureCitation>
)...................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF9BFF9809E51AE3FAC3CFC9" authority="Wang &amp; He &amp; Chen, 2021" authorityName="Wang &amp; He &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2021" box="[1178,1353,151,173]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Bethylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glabricarinatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF9BFF9809E51AE3FAC3CFC9" box="[1178,1353,151,173]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">B. glabricarinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF9BFF98082F1AE3FA16CFC8" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,152,173]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="17B1579EFF9BFF98082F1AE3FA16CFC8" box="[1360,1436,152,173]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF9BFF980DE81AC0FA16CFB5" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,501]" box="[151,1436,186,208]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
<keyLead id="850795C2FF9BFF980DE81AC0FA16CFB5" box="[151,1436,186,208]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
- Distance of posterior ocellus to vertex crest less than 1.50 × DAO; median clypeal lobe distinctly protuberant (
<figureCitation id="A6CD2A72FF9BFF9808761AC1FAC5CFB5" box="[1289,1359,186,208]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,190,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Bethylus incurvus sp. nov. holotype, ♀. a. Habitus lateral; b. Head, frontal view; c. Mandible; d. Antenna; e. Head, lateral view; f. Mesosoma, dorsal view; g. Mesosoma, lateral view; h. Forewing. Scale bars: 0.15 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4775751" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4775751/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">Fig. 6b</figureCitation>
).... 6
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="85022E52FF9BFF980DE81AACFA16CE42" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF9BFF980DE81AACFA16CE6F" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
<keyLead id="850795C2FF9BFF980DE81AACFA16CE6F" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
6. Head thickened in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="A6CD2A72FF9BFF980F6B1AACFDD1CF8B" box="[532,603,215,238]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bethylus crassicapitis sp. nov. holotype, ♀. a. Habitus lateral; b. Head, frontal view; c. Mandible; d. Antenna; e. Head, lateral view; f. Mesosoma, dorsal view; g. Mesosoma, lateral view; h. Forewing. Scale bars: 0.15 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4775734" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4775734/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">Fig. 2e</figureCitation>
); median clypeal carina distinctly protuberant in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="A6CD2A72FF9BFF9809D01AACFB7ECF8B" box="[1199,1268,215,238]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bethylus crassicapitis sp. nov. holotype, ♀. a. Habitus lateral; b. Head, frontal view; c. Mandible; d. Antenna; e. Head, lateral view; f. Mesosoma, dorsal view; g. Mesosoma, lateral view; h. Forewing. Scale bars: 0.15 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4775734" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4775734/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">Fig. 2e</figureCitation>
)............................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF9BFF9809C91A8DFAC3CE6F" authority="Wang &amp; He &amp; Chen, 2021" authorityName="Wang &amp; He &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2021" box="[1206,1353,245,267]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Bethylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassicapitis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF9BFF9809C91A8DFAC3CE6F" box="[1206,1353,245,267]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">B. crassicapitis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF9BFF98082F1A8EFA16CE6F" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,245,266]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="17B1579EFF9BFF98082F1A8EFA16CE6F" box="[1360,1436,245,266]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF9BFF980DE81B68FA16CE42" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,501]" box="[151,1436,274,296]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
<keyLead id="850795C2FF9BFF980DE81B68FA16CE42" box="[151,1436,274,296]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
- Head not thickened in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="A6CD2A72FF9BFF980F461B69FDF5CE4D" box="[569,639,274,296]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,190,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Bethylus incurvus sp. nov. holotype, ♀. a. Habitus lateral; b. Head, frontal view; c. Mandible; d. Antenna; e. Head, lateral view; f. Mesosoma, dorsal view; g. Mesosoma, lateral view; h. Forewing. Scale bars: 0.15 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4775751" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4775751/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">Fig. 6e</figureCitation>
); median clypeal carina incurved in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="A6CD2A72FF9BFF9809251B69FB14CE4D" box="[1114,1182,274,296]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,190,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Bethylus incurvus sp. nov. holotype, ♀. a. Habitus lateral; b. Head, frontal view; c. Mandible; d. Antenna; e. Head, lateral view; f. Mesosoma, dorsal view; g. Mesosoma, lateral view; h. Forewing. Scale bars: 0.15 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4775751" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4775751/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">Fig. 6e</figureCitation>
)...
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF9BFF9809A31B68FAC0CE4D" authority="Wang &amp; He &amp; Chen, 2021" authorityName="Wang &amp; He &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2021" box="[1244,1354,275,296]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Bethylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incurvus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF9BFF9809A31B68FAC0CE4D" box="[1244,1354,275,296]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">B. incurvus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF9BFF98082F1B69FA16CE42" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,274,295]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="17B1579EFF9BFF98082F1B69FA16CE42" box="[1360,1436,274,295]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="85022E52FF9BFF980DE81B4BFA16CE07" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF9BFF980DE81B4BFA16CE20" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,501]" box="[151,1436,303,325]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
<keyLead id="850795C2FF9BFF980DE81B4BFA16CE20" box="[151,1436,303,325]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
7. DPV more than 2.40 × DAO.......................................................
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF9BFF9809E31B4BFAC0CE21" authority="Wang &amp; He &amp; Chen, 2021" authorityName="Wang &amp; He &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2021" box="[1180,1354,303,325]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Bethylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadraticapitis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF9BFF9809E31B4BFAC0CE21" box="[1180,1354,303,325]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">B. quadraticapitis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF9BFF98082F1B4BFA16CE20" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,304,325]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="17B1579EFF9BFF98082F1B4BFA16CE20" box="[1360,1436,304,325]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF9BFF980DE81B36FA16CE07" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,501]" box="[151,1436,333,355]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
<keyLead id="850795C2FF9BFF980DE81B36FA16CE07" box="[151,1436,333,355]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">- DPV less than 1.50 × DAO............................................................................. 8</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="85022E52FF9BFF980DE81B11FA16CEF8" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF9BFF980DE81B11FA16CE1A" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,501]" box="[151,1436,362,384]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
<keyLead id="850795C2FF9BFF980DE81B11FA16CE1A" box="[151,1436,362,384]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
8. Apex of cuspis narrow (
<figureCitation id="A6CD2A72FF9BFF980CB61B11FD85CEE5" box="[457,527,362,384]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[179,1408,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Bethylus hunanensis sp. nov. holotype, ♂. a. Habitus lateral; b. Head, frontal view; c. Mandible; d. Antenna; e. Head, lateral view; f. Mesosoma, dorsal view; g. Mesosoma, lateral view; h. Forewing; i. The seventh metasomal sternum and Hypopygium; j. Genitalia, dorsal view; k. Genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.15 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4775747" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4775747/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">Fig. 5k</figureCitation>
).......................................................
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF9BFF9809BC1B10FAC0CE1A" authority="Wang &amp; He &amp; Chen, 2021" authorityName="Wang &amp; He &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2021" box="[1219,1354,362,384]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Bethylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hunanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF9BFF9809BC1B10FAC0CE1A" box="[1219,1354,362,384]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">B. hunanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF9BFF98082F1B11FA16CE1A" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,362,383]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="17B1579EFF9BFF98082F1B11FA16CE1A" box="[1360,1436,362,383]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF9BFF980DE81BF3FA16CEF8" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,501]" box="[151,1436,391,413]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
<keyLead id="850795C2FF9BFF980DE81BF3FA16CEF8" box="[151,1436,391,413]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
- Apex of cuspis rounded (
<figureCitation id="A6CD2A72FF9BFF980CAB1BFCFD93CEF8" box="[468,537,391,413]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1876]" captionTargetId="figure-19@15.[151,1436,181,1876]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Bethylus prolatus sp. nov. holotype, ♂. a. Habitus lateral; b. Head, frontal view; c. Mandible; d. Antenna; e. Head, lateral view; f. Mesosoma, dorsal view; g. Mesosoma, lateral view; h. Forewing; i. The seventh metasomal sternum and Hypopygium; j. Genitalia, dorsal view; k. Genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.15 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4775755" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4775755/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">Fig. 8k</figureCitation>
)........................................................................ 9
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="85022E52FF9BFF980DE81BDEFA16CE90" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF9BFF980DE81BDEFA16CEDF" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,501]" box="[151,1436,421,443]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
<keyLead id="850795C2FF9BFF980DE81BDEFA16CEDF" box="[151,1436,421,443]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
9. Median depression of hypopygium broad (
<figureCitation id="A6CD2A72FF9BFF980F041BDEFD37CEDE" box="[635,701,421,443]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1876]" captionTargetId="figure-19@15.[151,1436,181,1876]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Bethylus prolatus sp. nov. holotype, ♂. a. Habitus lateral; b. Head, frontal view; c. Mandible; d. Antenna; e. Head, lateral view; f. Mesosoma, dorsal view; g. Mesosoma, lateral view; h. Forewing; i. The seventh metasomal sternum and Hypopygium; j. Genitalia, dorsal view; k. Genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.15 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4775755" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4775755/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">Fig. 8i</figureCitation>
); apical margin of cuspis strongly echinate..........
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF9BFF98099F1BDDFAC3CEDF" authority="Wang &amp; He &amp; Chen, 2021" authorityName="Wang &amp; He &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2021" box="[1248,1353,421,443]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Bethylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prolatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF9BFF98099F1BDDFAC3CEDF" box="[1248,1353,421,443]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">B. prolatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF9BFF98082F1BDEFA16CEDF" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,421,442]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="17B1579EFF9BFF98082F1BDEFA16CEDF" box="[1360,1436,421,442]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E4936F7FF9BFF980DE81BB8FA16CE90" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
<keyLead id="850795C2FF9BFF980DE81BB8FA16CE90" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
- Median depression of hypopygium narrow and deep (
<figureCitation id="A6CD2A72FF9BFF980F9B1BB9FCA6CEBD" box="[740,812,450,472]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[163,1425,453,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-121@13.[163,1425,453,1923]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Bethylus ningxicus sp. nov. holotype, ♂. a. Habitus lateral; b. Head, frontal view; c. Mandible; d. Antenna; e. Head, lateral view; f. Mesosoma, dorsal view; g. Forewing; h. The seventh metasomal sternum and Hypopygium; i. Genitalia, dorsal view; j. Genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.15 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4775753" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4775753/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">Fig. 7h</figureCitation>
); apical margin of cuspis not echinate (
<figureCitation id="A6CD2A72FF9BFF9809DB1BB9FB6ECEBD" box="[1188,1252,450,472]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[163,1425,453,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-121@13.[163,1425,453,1923]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Bethylus ningxicus sp. nov. holotype, ♂. a. Habitus lateral; b. Head, frontal view; c. Mandible; d. Antenna; e. Head, lateral view; f. Mesosoma, dorsal view; g. Forewing; h. The seventh metasomal sternum and Hypopygium; i. Genitalia, dorsal view; j. Genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.15 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4775753" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4775753/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">Fig. 7j</figureCitation>
).................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="F9F64D74FF9BFF9809AC1B9BFAC0CE90" authority="Wang &amp; He &amp; Chen, 2021" authorityName="Wang &amp; He &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2021" box="[1235,1354,480,501]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Bethylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ningxicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF9BFF9809AC1B9BFAC0CE90" box="[1235,1354,480,501]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">B. ningxicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="0C82EAE5FF9BFF98082F1B9BFA16CE90" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,480,501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="17B1579EFF9BFF98082F1B9BFA16CE90" box="[1360,1436,480,501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="363" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</subSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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