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<document id="3D6D342F7EA9F2779E5691A8FF574780" ID-CLB-Dataset="39107" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.171144" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7b235ee0-db22-4606-8a01-05936f594932" ID-Zenodo-Dep="171144" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1462832099420" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ward, P. S." docDate="2005" docId="9E2AA724FFCFFFCFFEBFF8FEC0DEFD53" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00936.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 936" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Linepithema Mayr" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="6213DF5CFFD6FFD5FFB7FFFAC458FFBD" masterDocTitle="A synoptic review of the ants of California (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="26" updateTime="1698662418635" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="CCF1DA2B57CA49192D613FD040F24898">A synoptic review of the ants of California (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9363B54DA83A2B02182C45A3A3DC9245">Ward, P. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="E560CC40F02B9BCFB0ECD1D35F4A80DC">2005</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F26E009C59199A3A277E88040E825EDC">936</mods:number>
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<treatment id="9E2AA724FFCFFFCFFEBFF8FEC0DEFD53" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6268840" ID-GBIF-Taxon="120674427" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6268840" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9E2AA724FFCFFFCFFEBFF8FEC0DEFD53" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9E2AA724FFCFFFCFFEBFF8FEC0DEFD53" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<subSubSection id="5E9945B9FFCFFFCFFEBFF8FEC0DEFD53" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="163C1632FFCFFFCCFEBFF8FEC61EF8A3" blockId="25.[264,582,1796,1822]" box="[264,582,1796,1822]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<heading id="4D74A15EFFCFFFCCFEBFF8FEC61EF8A3" bold="true" box="[264,582,1796,1822]" fontSize="11" level="6" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="0">
<emphasis id="24F7CA20FFCFFFCCFEBFF8FEC61EF8A3" bold="true" box="[264,582,1796,1822]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="D1836DB1FFCFFFCCFEE8F8FEC61EF8A3" ID-CoL="62YBH" authority="Mayr" authorityName="Mayr" box="[351,582,1796,1822]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Linepithema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="24F7CA20FFCFFFCCFEE8F8FEC5A0F8A3" bold="true" box="[351,504,1796,1822]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Linepithema</emphasis>
Mayr
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="163C1632FFCFFFCFFEBFF8B5C0DEFD53" blockId="25.[264,1322,1871,1897]" lastBlockId="26.[264,1323,284,750]" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
The introduced
<collectingCountry id="6E9456A2FFCFFFCCFE72F8B5C662F8D4" box="[453,570,1871,1897]" name="Argentina" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Argentine</collectingCountry>
ant,
<taxonomicName id="D1836DB1FFCFFFCCFDC0F8B5C71FF8D4" authority="Mayr" authorityName="Mayr" box="[631,839,1871,1897]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Linepithema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humile">
<emphasis id="24F7CA20FFCFFFCCFDC0F8B5C6B0F8D5" box="[631,744,1871,1896]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">L. humile</emphasis>
(Mayr)
</taxonomicName>
, is abundant in many urban and agricultural locations in lowland California, and it has invaded natural habitats along rivers and in some coastal regions. Workers avidly tend plant nectaries and honeydew­producing hemipterans.
<taxonomicName id="D1836DB1FFCCFFCFFEC5FE96C5B8FE38" box="[370,480,364,389]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Linepithema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humile">
<emphasis id="24F7CA20FFCCFFCFFEC5FE96C5B8FE38" box="[370,480,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">L. humile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
aggressively eliminates epigeic (above­ground foraging) native ant species (
<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCCFFCFFEF2FE6EC593FE13" author="Ward" box="[325,459,404,430]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Ward, P. S. (1987) Distribution of the introduced Argentine ant (Iridomyrmex humilis) in natural habitats of the lower Sacramento Valley and its effects on the indigenous ant fauna. Hilgardia, 55 (2), 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1987">Ward 1987</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCCFFCFFE6FFE6EC6ABFE13" author="Human" box="[472,755,404,430]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Human, K. G. &amp; Gordon, D. M. (1996) Exploitation and interference competition between the invasive Argentine ant, Linepithema humile, and native ant species. Oecologia (Berlin), 105, 405 - 412." type="journal article" year="1996">
<collectingCountry id="6E9456A2FFCCFFCFFE6FFE6EC676FE13" box="[472,558,404,430]" name="Oman" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Human</collectingCountry>
&amp; Gordon 1996
</bibRefCitation>
; Holway 1998). Most California populations of
<taxonomicName id="D1836DB1FFCCFFCFFEBFFE46C52FFE68" box="[264,375,444,469]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Linepithema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humile">
<emphasis id="24F7CA20FFCCFFCFFEBFFE46C52FFE68" box="[264,375,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">L. humile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
exhibit a unicolonial population structure, in which there is little or no intraspecific aggression, and they have reduced genetic diversity compared to native populations in
<collectingCountry id="6E9456A2FFCCFFCFFE92FDF6C5C2FD9B" box="[293,410,524,550]" name="Argentina" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Argentina</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCCFFCFFE1EFDF6C6DEFD9B" author="Tsutsui" box="[425,646,524,550]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Tsutsui, N. D., Suarez, A. V., Holway, D. A. &amp; Case, T. J. (2000) Reduced genetic variation and the success of an invasive species. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 97, 5948 - 5953." type="journal article" year="2000">
Tsutsui
<emphasis id="24F7CA20FFCCFFCFFDB2FDF6C660FD98" box="[517,568,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
. 2000
</bibRefCitation>
). Additional references (a sampling only):
<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCCFFCFFBC9FDF6C526FDF3" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Buczkowski, G., Vargo, E. L. &amp; Silverman, J. (2004) The diminutive supercolony: the Argentine ants of the southeastern United States. Molecular Ecology, 13, 2235 - 2242." type="journal article">
Buczkowski
<emphasis id="24F7CA20FFCCFFCFFAA2FDF6C546FDF0" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
. (2004)
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCCFFCFFE3CFDCEC622FDF3" box="[395,634,564,590]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Carney, S. E., Byerley, M. B. &amp; Holway, D. A. (2003) Invasive Argentine ants (Linepithema humile) do not replace native ants as seed dispersers of Dendromecon rigida (Papaveraceae) in California, USA. Oecologia (Berlin), 135, 576 - 582." type="journal article">
Carney
<emphasis id="24F7CA20FFCCFFCFFE50FDCEC67AFDF0" box="[487,546,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al.</emphasis>
(2003)
</bibRefCitation>
, Gordon
<emphasis id="24F7CA20FFCCFFCFFD50FDCEC742FDF0" box="[743,794,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
. (2001),
<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCCFFCFFC31FDCEC07FFDF3" author="Heller" box="[902,1063,564,590]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Heller, N. E. (2004) Colony structure in introduced and native populations of the invasive Argentine ant, Linepithema humile. Insectes Sociaux, 51, 378 - 386." type="journal article" year="2004">Heller (2004)</bibRefCitation>
, Holway (1999), Holway
<emphasis id="24F7CA20FFCCFFCFFEF5FDA6C52FFDC8" box="[322,375,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
. (1998, 2002),
<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCCFFCFFD86FDA6C72CFDCB" author="Holway" box="[561,884,604,630]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Holway, D. A. &amp; Suarez, A. V. (2004) Colony-structure variation and interspecific competitive ability in the invasive Argentine ant. Oecologia (Berlin), 138, 216 - 222." type="journal article" year="2004">Holway and Suarez (2004)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCCFFCFFC35FDA6C090FDCB" author="Human" box="[898,1224,604,630]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Human, K. G. &amp; Gordon, D. M. (1997) Effects of Argentine ants on invertebrate biodiversity in northern California. Conservation Biology, 11, 1242 - 1248." type="journal article" year="1997">
<collectingCountry id="6E9456A2FFCCFFCFFC35FDA6C780FDCB" box="[898,984,604,630]" name="Oman" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Human</collectingCountry>
and Gordon (1997)
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCCFFCFFB61FDA6C5B4FD23" author="Ingram" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Ingram, K. K. &amp; Gordon, D. M. (2003) Genetic analysis of dispersal dynamics in an invading population of Argentine ants. Ecology, 84, 2832 - 2842." type="journal article" year="2003">Ingram and Gordon (2003)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCCFFCFFE40FD7EC748FD23" author="Knight" box="[503,784,644,670]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Knight, R. L. &amp; Rust, M. K. (1990) The urban ants of California with distribution notes of imported species. Southwestern Entomologist, 15, 167 - 178." type="journal article" year="1990">Knight and Rust (1990)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCCFFCFFCACFD7EC7BCFD23" author="Longcore" box="[795,996,644,670]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Longcore, T. (2003) Terrestrial arthropods as indicators of ecological restoration success in coastal sage scrub (California, U. S. A.). Restoration Ecology, 11, 397 - 409." type="journal article" year="2003">Longcore (2003)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCCFFCFFC47FD7EC17DFD23" author="Newell" box="[1008,1317,644,670]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Newell, W. &amp; Barber, T. C. (1913) The Argentine ant. United States Department of Agriculture. Bureau of Entomology. Bulletin, 122, 1 - 98." type="journal article" year="1913">Newell and Barber (1913)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCCFFCFFEBFFD56C65DFD7B" box="[264,517,684,710]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Sanders, N. J., Barton, K. E. &amp; Gordon, D. M. (2001) Long-term dynamics of the distribution of the invasive Argentine ant, Linepithema humile, and native ant taxa in northern California. Oecologia (Berlin), 127, 123 - 130." type="journal article">
Sanders
<emphasis id="24F7CA20FFCCFFCFFED9FD56C5FCFD78" box="[366,420,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
. (2001)
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCCFFCFFDA4FD56C68FFD7B" author="Shattuck" box="[531,727,684,710]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Shattuck, S. O. (1992 a) Review of the dolichoderine ant genus Iridomyrmex Mayr with descriptions of three new genera (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Journal of the Australian Entomological Society, 31, 13 - 18." type="journal article" year="1992" yearSuffix="a">Shattuck (1992a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCCFFCFFD52FD56C768FD7B" author="Shattuck" box="[741,816,684,710]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Shattuck, S. O. (1992 c) Generic revision of the ant subfamily Dolichoderinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Sociobiology, 21, 1 - 181." type="journal article" year="1992" yearSuffix="c">1992c</bibRefCitation>
),
<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCCFFCFFCF0FD56C7BFFD7B" author="Smith" box="[839,999,684,710]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Smith, M. R. (1965) House-infesting ants of the eastern United States. Their recognition, biology, and economic importance. United States Department of Agriculture. Technical Bulletin, 1326, 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1965">Smith (1965)</bibRefCitation>
, Suarez
<emphasis id="24F7CA20FFCCFFCFFBF9FD56C0D2FD78" box="[1102,1162,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al.</emphasis>
(1998, 1999, 2001),
<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCCFFCFFEECFD2EC621FD53" author="Tsutsui" box="[347,633,724,750]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Tsutsui, N. D. &amp; Case, T. J. (2001) Population genetics and colony structure of the Argentine ant (Linepithema humile) in its native and introduced ranges. Evolution, 55, 976 - 985." type="journal article" year="2001">Tsutsui and Case (2001)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCCFFCFFD32FD2EC72CFD53" box="[645,884,724,750]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Tsutsui, N. D., Suarez, A. V. &amp; Grosberg, R. K. (2003) Genetic diversity, asymmetrical aggression, and recognition in a widespread invasive species. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 100, 1078 - 1083." type="journal article">
Tsutsui
<emphasis id="24F7CA20FFCCFFCFFD56FD2EC74CFD50" box="[737,788,724,749]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
. (2003)
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCCFFCFFC37FD2EC0DAFD53" author="Vega" box="[896,1154,724,750]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Vega, S. J. &amp; Rust, M. J. (2001) The Argentine ant - a significant invasive species in agricultural, urban and natural environments. Sociobiology, 37, 3 - 25." type="journal article" year="2001">Vega and Rust (2001)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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